tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Filming for the movie Gandhi in India was delayed due to political unrest.
Wikipedia page: Gandhi (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production
text: Then prime minister Indira Gandhi declared a state of emergency in India and shooting would be impossible.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Willie Stargell lived with his father after his mother and father  separated.
Wikipedia page: Willie Stargell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Stargell was born in Earlsboro, Oklahoma, but later moved to Florida with an aunt after his parents divorced.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: After the overthrow of Stroessner, Paraguay had its first non-military head of state in four decades.
Wikipedia page: Paraguay (History)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Stroessner's overthrow, post-1989
text: In May 1993, Colorado Party candidate Juan Carlos Wasmosy was elected as Paraguay's first civilian president in almost forty years, in what international observers deemed free and fair elections.
section_header: History | Stroessner's overthrow, post-1989
text: On 3 February 1989, Stroessner was overthrown in a military coup headed by General Andrés Rodríguez.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Titration is used when doctors test how much sugar is in a patient's liquid waste.
Wikipedia page: Titration (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Particular uses | Redox titrations
text: Benedict's reagent: Excess glucose in urine may indicate diabetes in a patient.
section_header: Particular uses | Redox titrations
text: During this type of titration, glucose reduces cupric ions to cuprous ions which react with potassium thiocyanate to produce a white precipitate, indicating the endpoint.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The book Song of the Lark's story is set in rural Kansas.
Wikipedia page: Song of the Lark (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Song of the Lark is the third novel by American author Willa Cather, written in 1915.
section_header: Plot introduction
text: Set in the 1890s in Moonstone, a fictional town in Colorado, The Song of the Lark is the self-portrait of an artist in the making.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: No Country for Old Men was a script before being a book.
Wikipedia page: No Country for Old Men (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: No Country for Old Men is a 2005 novel by American author Cormac McCarthy, who had originally written the story as a screenplay.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Vic Willis threw a no-hitter in the 1900s.
Wikipedia page: Vic Willis (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: He was the last pitcher to throw a no-hitter in the 19th century.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World movie premiered in the 1960s.
Wikipedia page: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World is a 1963 American comedy film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer with a screenplay by William Rose and Tania Rose from a story by Tania Rose.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Raging Bull is based  on a true event about an out of control bull.
Wikipedia page: Raging Bull (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Raging Bull is a 1980 American biographical sports  drama film directed by Martin Scorsese, produced by Robert Chartoff and Irwin Winkler and adapted by Paul Schrader and Mardik Martin from Jake LaMotta's 1970 memoir Raging Bull: My Story.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It had a slow growth at the beginning.
Wikipedia page: Twitter (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 2007–2010
text: The company experienced rapid initial growth.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Willard Brown bore two incredibly generic monikers;  In the United States he was known as "Home Run", presumably because he was responsible at least one of such plays during his time batting. And in Puerto Rico, he was known as "That Man", presumably for being a man.
Wikipedia page: Willard Brown (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Willard Jessie Brown (June 26, 1915 – August 4, 1996), nicknamed "Home Run" Brown, was an American baseball player who played outfielder in the Negro leagues and in Major League Baseball (MLB).
section_header: Later career
text: with 27 home runs and 86 RBI in just 60 games, winning the Triple Crown and earning the nickname Ese Hombre or "That Man".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Vic Willis joined the hospitality and tourism industry after he ended his baseball career by opening an establishment in the town where he spent his childhood.
Wikipedia page: Vic Willis (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: After retirement, Willis purchased and operated the Washington House, a hotel in his hometown of Newark, Delaware.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: During his baseball career, Rabbit Maranville often played the fiddle in the dugout to entertain his teammates.
Wikipedia page: Rabbit Maranville (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: Maranville was known as one of "baseball's most famous clowns" due to his practical jokes and lack of inhibitions.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Exorcist is an American media franchise that originated with William Peter Blatty's 1971 horror novel of the same name and most prominently featured in a 1973 film adapted from the novel, inspired by a 1949 case of demonic possession and exorcism that Blatty witnessed while he was a student in the class of 1950 at Duke.
Wikipedia page: The Exorcist (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Novels | The Exorcist (1971)
text: The novel was inspired by a 1949 case of demonic possession and exorcism that Blatty heard about while he was a student in the class of 1950 at Georgetown University.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Life of Emile Zola has been recognized for being the first film of it's kind to win an Academy Award.
Wikipedia page: The Life of Emile Zola (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is notable as the second biographical film to win the Academy Award for Best Picture.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Richard the first did not contribute any money towards the Crusades.
Wikipedia page: Richard I of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: King and crusader | Crusade plans
text: He spent most of his father's treasury (filled with money raised by the Saladin tithe), raised taxes, and even agreed to free King William I of Scotland from his oath of subservience to Richard in exchange for 10,000 marks (£6,500).
section_header: King and crusader | Crusade plans
text: When Richard was raising funds for his crusade, he was said to declare, "I would have sold London if I could find a buyer".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Dafoe  has 7 siblings.
Wikipedia page: Willem Dafoe (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | 1955–1978: Early life and acting in theater
text: One of eight children of Muriel Isabel (née Sprissler) and Dr. William Alfred Dafoe (1917–2014) , he recalled in 2009: "My five sisters raised me because my father was a surgeon, my mother was a nurse and they worked together, so I didn't see either of them much.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Reflection in physics cannot happen with surfaces that are see-through.
Wikipedia page: Reflection (physics) (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Reflection of light
text: Reflection also occurs at the surface of transparent media, such as water or glass.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Earth's inner core is over 9800 degrees.
Wikipedia page: Inner core (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The temperature at the inner core's surface is estimated to be approximately 5700 K (5430 °C or 9806 °F), which is about the temperature at the surface of the Sun.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Scarlett Johansson had her first actress job at the age of nine and she knew that was what she always wanted to do.
Wikipedia page: Scarlett Johansson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: As a child, Johansson practiced acting by staring in the mirror until she made herself cry, wanting to be Judy Garland in Meet Me in St. Louis.
section_header: Early life
text: At age nine, Johansson made her film debut as John Ritter's daughter in the fantasy comedy North (1994).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Red Hot Chili Peppers was formed when the members were in college.
Wikipedia page: Red Hot Chili Peppers (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: History | 1983–1984: Early history
text: Red Hot Chili Peppers were formed in Los Angeles by singer Anthony Kiedis, guitarist Hillel Slovak, bassist Flea, and drummer Jack Irons, classmates at Fairfax High School.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mary, Queen of Scots, had a daughter after she was wed to her Uncle, who later died by suicide.
Wikipedia page: Mary, Queen of Scots (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Four years later, she married her half-cousin, Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, and in June 1566 they had a son, James.
section_header: Summary
text: In February 1567, Darnley's residence was destroyed by an explosion, and he was found murdered in the garden.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Leviticus is a chapter in the Old Testament.
Wikipedia page: Leviticus (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Book of Leviticus () is the third book of the Torah and of the Old Testament;  scholars generally agree that it developed over a long period of time, reaching its present form during the Persian Period between 538–332 BC.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: As I Lay Dying is a song by the heavy metal band Metallica.
Wikipedia page: As I Lay Dying (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: As I Lay Dying is a 1930 Southern Gothic novel by American author William Faulkner.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: President Johnson was not responsible for the United States' involvement in Vietnam prior to his administration.
Wikipedia page: Vietnam War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Johnson's escalation, 1963–1969
text: Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson had not been heavily involved with policy toward Vietnam; however, upon becoming president, Johnson immediately focused on the war.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American actress, comedian, screenwriter and singer Rosalind Russell had a breakdown and produced no films the following year.
Wikipedia page: Rosalind Russell (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: The foreword (written by her husband) states that Russell had a mental breakdown in 1943.
section_header: Death
text: She made no films in 1944. Details are scant, but the book indicates that health problems and the deaths of a sister and a brother were major factors leading to her breakdown.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sister Carrie is about a woman in her mid thirties.
Wikipedia page: Sister Carrie (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: Late 1889. Dissatisfied with life in her rural Wisconsin home, 18-year-old Caroline "Sister Carrie
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hamlet has been performed by many actors and is the most lengthy of Shakespeare's writings.
Wikipedia page: Hamlet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In the 400 years since its inception, the role has been performed by numerous highly acclaimed actors in each successive century.
section_header: Summary
text: It is Shakespeare's longest play with 30,557 words.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Lady of Shalott is about an old noblewoman trapped in a well.
Wikipedia page: The Lady of Shalott (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Based on the medieval La Damigella di Scalot, it tells the story of Elaine of Astolat, a young noblewoman imprisoned in a tower on an island near Camelot.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In 1995, he pursues a Ph.D. but only to change his focus to a different acre.
Wikipedia page: Elon Musk (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He moved to California in 1995 to begin a Ph.D. in applied physics and material sciences at Stanford University, but decided to pursue a business career instead of enrolling.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The movie, "In Old Chicago" is a movie made in the United States.
Wikipedia page: In Old Chicago (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In Old Chicago is a 1938 American drama disaster film directed by Henry King.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The play's full title is The Tragedy of Hamilton, King of Scots.
Wikipedia page: Hamlet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, often shortened to Hamlet (), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Little Prince has been translated in over 250 languages.
Wikipedia page: The Little Prince (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Literary translations and printed editions
text: As of 2017, it has been translated into more than 300 languages and dialects, including Sardinian, the constructed international languages of Esperanto and Klingon, and the Congolese language Alur, as well as being printed in Braille for blind readers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Plato was a philosopher who could also throw down in a fight.
Wikipedia page: Plato (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early life | Education
text: Plato was a wrestler, and Dicaearchus went so far as to say that Plato wrestled at the Isthmian games.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: As I lay Dying was written in three months.
Wikipedia page: As I Lay Dying (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background and literary techniques
text: Faulkner said that he wrote the novel from midnight to 4:00 a.m. over the course of six weeks and that he did not change a word of it.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Honus Wagner played basketball all his life.
Wikipedia page: Honus Wagner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Johannes Peter "Honus" Wagner (; February 24, 1874 – December 6, 1955), sometimes referred to as "Hans" Wagner, was an American baseball shortstop who played 21 seasons in Major League Baseball from 1897 to 1917, almost entirely for the Pittsburgh Pirates.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Due to the order of succession, Richard was not an immediate contender for king.
Wikipedia page: Richard I of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was the third of five sons of King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine and seemed unlikely to become king, but all of his brothers except  the youngest, John, predeceased their father.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George III had several royal girlfriends while he was married.
Wikipedia page: George III of the United Kingdom (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Marriage
text: George remarkably never took a mistress (in contrast with his grandfather and his sons), and the couple enjoyed a happy marriage until his mental illness struck.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chromatography is the separation of a mixture and can either be done preparative or analytical but not both.
Wikipedia page: Chromatography (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The two are not mutually exclusive.
section_header: Summary
text: Chromatography may be preparative or analytical.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ben Kingsley has had 4 marriages and 4 kids.
Wikipedia page: Ben Kingsley (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Kingsley stated in 1994, "I'm not Jewish, and though there might be some Russian-Jewish heritage way back on my mother's side, the thread is so fine there's no real evidence." Kingsley has been married four times and has four children: Thomas Bhanji and artist Jasmin Bhanji, with actress Angela Morant, and Edmund Kingsley and Ferdinand Kingsley, both of whom became actors, with theatrical director Alison Sutcliffe.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Vladimir Guerrero was the only child in his family to have an affinity for sports.
Wikipedia page: Vladimir Guerrero (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years and family
text: One of nine children, Guerrero is the younger brother of ex-major leaguer Wilton Guerrero, who also played with the Montreal Expos (the two were teammates for several seasons).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Horace Greeley was the creator of a major newspaper in the Tri-State area.
Wikipedia page: Horace Greeley (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Horace Greeley (February 3, 1811 – November 29, 1872) was an American newspaper editor and publisher who was the founder and editor of the New-York Tribune, among the great newspapers of its time.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Animal Farm is a book not written by HG Welles and is based on some actual events.
Wikipedia page: Animal Farm (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: According to Orwell, the fable reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union.
section_header: Summary
text: Animal Farm is an allegorical novella by George Orwell, first published in England on 17 August 1945.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Inception was produced by a son and father team.
Wikipedia page: Inception (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Inception is a 2010 science fiction action film written and directed by Christopher Nolan, who also produced the film with his wife, Emma Thomas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Tony Gwynn was called Mr. Baseball who played center field.
Wikipedia page: Tony Gwynn (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Anthony Keith Gwynn Sr. (May 9, 1960 – June 16, 2014), nicknamed "Mr. Padre", was an American professional baseball right fielder, who played 20 seasons (1982–2001) in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Many film adaptations have been done for the play.
Wikipedia page: Hamlet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Performance history | Film and TV performances
text: For example, the 2014 Bollywood film Haider is an adaptation set in Kashmir.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Colosseum was also called "The Roman Forum".
Wikipedia page: Colosseum (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Colosseum or Coliseum ( KOL-ə-SEE-əm), also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium; Italian: Anfiteatro Flavio
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There is evidence that the final shot of the film Inception isn't as ambiguous as it was believed to be at first.
Wikipedia page: Inception (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Cinematic technique | Ending
text: "Some viewers have noted Cobb wears his wedding ring only during dream scenes.
section_header: Cinematic technique | Ending
text: From this, they have concluded that Cobb is not dreaming in the final scene because he is not wearing the ring.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Jonas Brothers got their big break when they won America's Got Talent.
Wikipedia page: Jonas Brothers (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Formed in 2005, they gained popularity from their appearances on the Disney Channel television network.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nicki Minaj is from Trinidad.
Wikipedia page: Nicki Minaj (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty (born December 8, 1982), known professionally as Nicki Minaj (), is a Trinidadian-born rapper, singer, songwriter, actress, and model.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In Old Chicago is based on a real life event.
Wikipedia page: In Old Chicago (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The film is a fictionalized account about the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 and stars Alice Brady as Mrs. O'Leary, the owner of the cow which started the fire, and Tyrone Power and Don Ameche as her sons.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: William Brad Pitt is an actor with six children and he was born in Nevada.
Wikipedia page: Brad Pitt (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Pitt was born in Shawnee, Oklahoma, to William Alvin Pitt, the proprietor of a trucking company, and Jane Etta (née Hillhouse), a school counselor.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Luis Aparicio was only ever shortstop, he got into the hall of fame doing nothing but that and batting.
Wikipedia page: Luis Aparicio (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career statistics
text: Aparicio never played any defensive position other than shortstop.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Waddell use to work with miners and drillers when he was young.
Wikipedia page: Rube Waddell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He also worked on mining and drilling sites as a youngster, which helped his conditioning.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Thailand did support South Vietnam.
Wikipedia page: Vietnam War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Involvement of other countries | Pro-Saigon
text: As South Vietnam was formally part of a military alliance with the US, Australia, New Zealand, France, the UK, Pakistan, Thailand and the Philippines, the alliance was invoked during the war.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Socrates lived about 100 years before Aristophanes.
Wikipedia page: Socrates (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Aristophanes, a playwright, is the main contemporary author to have written plays mentioning Socrates during Socrates' lifetime, though a fragment of Ion of Chios' Travel Journal provides important information about Socrates' youth.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Washington was not a religious man.
Wikipedia page: George Washington (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was a member of the Anglican Church and the Freemasons, and he urged broad religious freedom in his roles as general and president.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Meat Loaf did not have time to volunteer for his kids' activities when they were growing up.
Wikipedia page: Meat Loaf (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Family
text: I really liked it there." Meat Loaf coached children's baseball or softball in each of the Connecticut towns where he lived.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Chicago has the fourth biggest GMP in the United States.
Wikipedia page: Chicago (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy
text: Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $670.5 billion according to September 2017 estimates.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Johnny Evers was a third baseman for the Dodgers.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Evers (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: John Joseph Evers (July 21, 1881 – March 28, 1947) was an American professional baseball second baseman and manager.
section_header: Summary
text: He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1902 through 1917 for the Chicago Cubs, Boston Braves, and Philadelphia Phillies.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: President John Quincy Adams birthplace has been changed to his middle name as well as many areas open to the public in the United States speaking well of the statesman and diplomat.
Wikipedia page: John Quincy Adams (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy | Memorials
text: Adams's middle name of Quincy has been used by several locations in the United States, including the town of Quincy, Illinois.
section_header: Early life, education, and early career
text: John Quincy Adams was born on July 11, 1767, to John and Abigail Adams (née Smith) in a part of Braintree, Massachusetts that is now Quincy.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Hal Newhouser had to stop playing baseball when he fought in World War II.
Wikipedia page: Hal Newhouser (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career | Early career
text: As World War II got under way, the Tigers moved up in the standings because several of their top players, including Newhouser, were classified as 4-F (ineligible to be drafted).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The play The Man Who Came to Dinner was turned into a film.
Wikipedia page: The Man Who Came to Dinner (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Film
text: The production was adapted for a 1942 feature film, scripted by Philip G. Epstein and Julius J. Epstein and directed by William Keighley.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Council of Constance  took place in a European country.
Wikipedia page: Council of Constance (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Council of Constance was a 15th-century ecumenical council recognized by the Catholic Church, held from 1414 to 1418 in the Bishopric of Constance in present-day Germany.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Harry Potter films have been sucessful in both books and movies earning the franchise over $25 billion as it follows students at Hogwarts School.
Wikipedia page: Harry Potter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novels chronicle the lives of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alexander II of Russia was assassinated.
Wikipedia page: Alexander II of Russia (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Aleksandr II Nikolayevich, IPA: Aleksandr II Nikolayevich, IPA: [ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ]; 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881) was the Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination on 13 March 1881.Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator (Russian: Алекса́ндр
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The New Colossus is a tragedy novel written in the 1800s.
Wikipedia page: The New Colossus (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Interpretation
text: The title of the poem and the first two lines reference the Greek Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, a famously gigantic sculpture that stood beside or straddled across the entrance to the harbor of the island of Rhodes in the 3rd century BC.
section_header: Summary
text: "The New Colossus" is a sonnet by American poet Emma Lazarus (1849–1887).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The 1951 poem "Do not go gentle into that good night" is used in the Dead Poets Society to teach the students.
Wikipedia page: Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Notable use in popular culture
text: In the 1995 film Dangerous Minds, retired U.S. Marine LouAnne Johnson, played by Michelle Pfeiffer, uses the poem to teach her students and help them identify with what they are learning in her class.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Meat Loaf is not affiliated with any certain government organization.
Wikipedia page: Meat Loaf (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Politics
text: Meat Loaf is not officially registered with any political party.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night is a poem in the form of a villanelle, and the most famous work of Welsh poet Dylan Thomas (1914–1953) which currently remains under copyright and unavailable for use.
Wikipedia page: Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The poem currently remains under copyright, although the text is available online.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Treaty of Tordesillas was an agreement signed in Portugal between two European super powers.
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Tordesillas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Treaty of Tordesillas (Portuguese: Tratado de Tordesilhas
section_header: Summary
text: [tɾɐˈtaðu ðɨ tuɾðeˈziʎɐʃ]; Spanish: Tratado de Tordesillas [tɾaˈtaðo ðe toɾðeˈsiʎas]), signed at Tordesillas in Spain on June 7, 1494, and authenticated at Setúbal, Portugal, divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire (Crown of Castile), along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands, off the west coast of Africa.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rube Waddell passed away in his 30's.
Wikipedia page: Rube Waddell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Final years
text: His health never recovered, and he was placed in a sanitarium in nearby Elmendorf until he died at the age of 37 on April 1, 1914.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Statue of Liberty is bad of brass.
Wikipedia page: Statue of Liberty (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and its metal framework was built by Gustave Eiffel.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Vic Willis was on the Beaneaters and was born in Delaware.
Wikipedia page: Vic Willis (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Willis was born on April 12, 1876 in Cecil County, Maryland.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The statue Christ the Redeemer is not considered one of the new 7 Wonders of the World.
Wikipedia page: Christ the Redeemer (statue) (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Christ the Redeemer (Portuguese: Cristo Redentor, standard Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈkɾistu ʁedenˈtoʁ], local pronunciation: [ˈkɾiɕtŭ̻ xe̞denˈtoɦ]) is an Art Deco statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, created by French sculptor Paul Landowski and built by Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa, in collaboration with French engineer Albert Caquot.
section_header: Summary
text: A symbol of Christianity across the world, the statue has also become a cultural icon of both Rio de Janeiro and Brazil, and is listed as one of the New7Wonders of the World.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Sol White grew up with his daddy and played baseball a lot with him.
Wikipedia page: Sol White (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His father, Saul Solomon White, apparently died when White was very young.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Charles Evans Hughes shuffled off this mortal coil in Massachusetts, and then was taken to New York to be submerged in soil.
Wikipedia page: Charles Evans Hughes (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Retirement and death
text: On August 27, 1948, at the age of 86, Hughes died in what is now the Tiffany Cottage of the Wianno Club in Osterville, Massachusetts.
section_header: Retirement and death
text: He is interred at Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, New York City.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Joe Medwick was injured in the knee by a pitch.
Wikipedia page: Joe Medwick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career
text: When Medwick strode forward, the ball hit him in the temple and rendered him unconscious.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Battle of Gettysburg was a Civil War battle and had many injuries.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Gettysburg (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Good Earth is part of a trilogy of novels by Pearl Buck.
Wikipedia page: The Good Earth (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the first book in her House of Earth trilogy, continued in Sons (1932) and A House Divided (1935).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: As a child, Adams did not attend a military academy in Virginia.
Wikipedia page: John Quincy Adams (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life, education, and early career
text: Young Adams was educated by private tutors – his cousin James Thaxter and his father's law clerk, Nathan Rice.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The ground vehicle that shares his name didn't get the designation officially, or even from American soldiers, and so likely has nothing to do with this particular general.
Wikipedia page: William Tecumseh Sherman (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Historiography | Sherman name in the military
text: Formally named the Medium Tank, M4, it acquired the name "Sherman" from the British Army, who received M4 tanks under the Lend-Lease Act.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Jesse Haines played on four championship teams and is the Cardinals franchise leader in strikeouts.
Wikipedia page: Jesse Haines (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He ranks second in franchise history in shutouts.
section_header: Summary
text: Haines pitched on three World Series championship teams.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hamlet is about the revenge of a son for the assassination of his father.
Wikipedia page: Hamlet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Set in Denmark, the play depicts Prince Hamlet and his revenge against his uncle, Claudius, who has murdered Hamlet's father in order to seize his throne and marry Hamlet's mother.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Because Lionel Richie is an successful singer, songwriter, and instrumentalist,  he became a Judge for ABC's American Idol.
Wikipedia page: Lionel Richie (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He has served with Luke Bryan and Katy Perry as a judge for the singing competition American Idol since its move to ABC from the Fox network.
section_header: Career | Later career
text: In September 2017, ABC announced that Richie would be a judge for the revival of American Idol.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Woodrow Wilson had roots from Scotland.
Wikipedia page: Woodrow Wilson (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Thomas Woodrow Wilson was born to a family of Scots-Irish and Scottish descent, in Staunton, Virginia, on December 28, 1856.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sister Carrie (1900) is a novel by Theodore Dreiser about a younger sibling who goes to live and work in Chicago, where she's surprised by the crude behavior of her co workers when she becomes ill and loses her job.
Wikipedia page: Sister Carrie (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: Before long, however, she is shocked by the coarse manners of both the male and female factory workers, and the physical demands of the job, as well as the squalid factory conditions, begin to take their toll.
section_header: Plot summary
text: One day, after an illness that costs her her job, she encounters Drouet on a downtown street.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Honk Kong is the most visited city in China.
Wikipedia page: Hong Kong (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Economy
text: It is the most popular Chinese city for tourists, receiving over 70 per cent more visitors than its closest competitor (Macau).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Aparicio was adopted and raised in Cumana in Venezuela by Luis Aparicio Senior.
Wikipedia page: Luis Aparicio (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Aparicio was born in Maracaibo, Zulia State, Venezuela.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Our Town explores the theme of love.
Wikipedia page: Our Town (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play tells the story of the fictional American small town of Grover's Corners between 1901 and 1913 through the everyday lives of its citizens.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Isomer means equal amount.
Wikipedia page: Isomer (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Etymology
text: Isomer (; from Greek ἰσομερής, isomerès; isos = "equal", méros = "part") is the root of "isomer".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: My Fair Lady is a play inspired by the Women's Suffrage Movement.
Wikipedia page: My Fair Lady (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: My Fair Lady is a musical based on George Bernard Shaw's 1913 play Pygmalion, with book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Thin-layer Chromatography is a laboratory technique used to draw out dense substances from a chemical mixture.
Wikipedia page: Chromatography (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Techniques by chromatographic bed shape | Planar chromatography | Thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
text: Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a widely employed laboratory technique used to separate different biochemicals on the basis of their relative attractions to the stationary and mobile phases.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ronstadt has been described as the most outstanding female rock star of her time.
Wikipedia page: Linda Ronstadt (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career overview | Solo career | Most successful female singer of the 1970s
text: Author Andrew Greeley, in his book God in Popular Culture, described Ronstadt as "the most successful and certainly the most durable and most gifted woman Rock singer of her era.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The film wasn't based off a book.
Wikipedia page: The Exorcist (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Films | Related films | The Ninth Configuration (1980)
text: Released in 1980, it was based on Blatty's novel of the same name.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hamlet is Shakespeares most verbose product of stage writing.
Wikipedia page: Hamlet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is Shakespeare's longest play with 30,557 words.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: After Tommy John surgery on his shoulder, John Smoltz signed a multi-year deal with the Boston Red Sox.
Wikipedia page: John Smoltz (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Major leagues | Boston Red Sox (2009)
text: He impressed the Red Sox enough during the workout that less than a month later, a one-year contract was offered by the organization.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Former American president John Quincy Adams was the son of a US president.
Wikipedia page: John Quincy Adams (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: John Quincy Adams ( (listen); July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, and diarist who served as the sixth president of the United States, from 1825 to 1829.
section_header: Summary
text: He was the eldest son of John Adams, who served as the second US president from 1797 to 1801, and First Lady Abigail Adams.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There are three broad groups for isomers: structural, stereoisomers, and Tautomers.
Wikipedia page: Isomer (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Stereoisomers
text: Two broad classes of stereoisomers are recognized: enantiomers and diastereomers.
section_header: Structural isomers
text: Structural isomers differ in terms of the connectivity of some or all constituent atoms.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mary started her reign just a few days after she was born.
Wikipedia page: Mary, Queen of Scots (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Childhood and early reign
text: On 14 December, six days after her birth, she became Queen of Scotland when her father died, perhaps from the effects of a nervous collapse following the Battle of Solway Moss or from drinking contaminated water while on campaign.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Since You Went Away focuses on WWI.
Wikipedia page: Since You Went Away (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is an epic about the American home front during World War II that was adapted and produced by David O. Selznick from the 1943 novel Since You Went Away: Letters to a Soldier from His Wife by Margaret Buell Wilder.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Saturn has a string of clouds referred to as "Hexagonal Spots" seen in southern areas that are cloud spaces that stay in deep cloud tiers.
Wikipedia page: Saturn (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Physical characteristics | Atmosphere | Other features
text: These features are cloud clearings that reside in deeper cloud layers.
section_header: Physical characteristics | Atmosphere | Other features
text: Cassini observed a series of cloud features nicknamed "String of Pearls" found in northern latitudes.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Thoroughly Modern Millie 1967 American musical-romantic comedy film opens on "Thursday, June 2, 1922," although, in actuality, June 2, 1922 fell on a Friday.
Wikipedia page: Thoroughly Modern Millie (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Thoroughly Modern Millie is a 1967 American musical-romantic comedy film directed by George Roy Hill and starring Julie Andrews.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the film Thoroughly Modern Millie, Millie is interested in Trevor but he ends up in a relationship with Dorothy.
Wikipedia page: Thoroughly Modern Millie (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Eventually, Trevor sees Miss Dorothy and falls in love with her, and vice versa, leaving Millie heartbroken.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Barbara Stanwyck grew up without her parents.
Wikipedia page: Barbara Stanwyck (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: An orphan at the age of four, and partially raised in foster homes, she always worked; one of her directors, Jacques Tourneur, said of Stanwyck, "She only lives for two things, and both of them are work." Barbara Stanwyck was born Ruby Catherine Stevens on July 16, 1907, in Brooklyn, New York.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This short story has had several adaptations to different media.
Wikipedia page: Rappaccini's Daughter (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Operas
text: Rappaccini's Daughter by Charles Wakefield Cadman premiered at Carnegie Hall on March 20, 1925 Rappaccini's Daughter by Margaret Garwood (1983) La hija de Rappaccini by Daniel Catán (1991) The Poisoned Kiss by Ralph Vaughan Williams
section_header: Adaptations | Radio
text: Spanish-language play: La Hija de Rappaccini by Octavio Paz (1956) English-language play: Rappaccini's Daughter by Sebastian Doggart (1996) John Todhunter verse-play The Poison-Flower, A Phantasy, in Three Scenes (1891) NBC's The Weird Circle (1943–1947), Episode 52, Radio Play.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pope Innocent III served in his role as a Christian leader for over 20 years.
Wikipedia page: Pope Innocent III (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pope Innocent III (Latin: Innocentius III; 1160 or 1161 – 16 July 1216), born Lotario dei
section_header: Summary
text: Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni), held office from 8 January 1198 to his death.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Mugwumps would be irrelevant in today's 2020 US political landscape.
Wikipedia page: Mugwump (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Mugwumps were Republican political activists in the United States who switched parties from the Republican Party by supporting Democratic candidate Grover Cleveland in the presidential election of 1884.
section_header: Summary
text: They switched because they rejected the financial corruption associated with Republican candidate James G. Blaine.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rube Waddell was a screwball best known for his bizarre, offbeat behavior that caused him to have repeated trouble starting fires while he was gone fishing.
Wikipedia page: Rube Waddell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early baseball career
text: He also had a longstanding fascination with fire trucks, and had run off the field to chase after them during games on multiple occasions.
section_header: Summary
text: Waddell is best remembered for his highly eccentric behaviour, and for being a remarkably dominant strikeout pitcher in an era when batters mostly slapped at the ball to get singles.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The founder of Farfetch is Spanish.
Wikipedia page: Farfetch (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Farfetch was founded in 2007 by José Neves, a Portuguese entrepreneur who has been active in the world of fashion start-ups since the 1990s, when he launched the shoe design business SWEAR.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Walpole led Great Britain for two decades.
Wikipedia page: Robert Walpole (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: W. A. Speck wrote that Walpole's uninterrupted run of 20 years as Prime Minister "is rightly regarded as one of the major feats of British political history.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: US forces participated in codified, systemic war crimes throughout the conflict, as parts of operations.
Wikipedia page: Vietnam War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: War crimes | South Vietnamese, Korean and American
text: Such practice, which involved the assumption that any individual appearing in the designated zones was an enemy combatant that could be freely targeted by weapons, is regarded by journalist Lewis M. Simons as "a severe violation of the laws of war".
section_header: War crimes | South Vietnamese, Korean and American
text: An estimated 26,000 to 41,000 civilian members of the PRG/Viet Cong termed "VC Infrastructure" were killed during the Phoenix Program, by US and South Vietnamese intelligence and security, with an unknown number being innocent civilians.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This is an ancient temple located in Indonesia.
Wikipedia page: Borobudur (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Borobudur, or Barabudur (Indonesian: Candi Borobudur, Javanese: ꦕꦤ꧀ꦣꦶꦧꦫꦧꦸꦣꦸꦂ, romanized: Candhi Barabudhur) is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Magelang Regency, not far from the town of Muntilan, in Central Java, Indonesia.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rappaccini's Daughter is about a father teaching his daughter the value of growing a vegetable patch.
Wikipedia page: Rappaccini's Daughter (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is about Giacomo Rappaccini, a medical researcher in medieval Padua who grows a garden of poisonous plants.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Bonus Army built a temporary town near the United States capitol.
Wikipedia page: Bonus Army (History)
Evidence:
section_header: March
text: Most of the Bonus Army (Bonus Expeditionary Force or BEF) camped in a "Hooverville" on the Anacostia Flats, a swampy, muddy area across the Anacostia River from the federal core of Washington, just south of the 11th Street Bridges (now Section C of Anacostia Park).
section_header: March
text: Approximately 10,000 veterans, women and children lived in the shelters that they built from materials dragged out of a junk pile nearby, which included old lumber, packing boxes, and scrap tin covered with roofs of thatched straw.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Norway constructs all of its modern architecture using standard concrete, steel, and other more common materials that are the same types employed around the world.
Wikipedia page: Norway (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Architecture
text: Many of today's most interesting new buildings are made of wood, reflecting the strong appeal that this material continues to hold for Norwegian designers and builders.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The company, Spotify was established in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Wikipedia page: Spotify (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: Spotify was founded in 2006 in Stockholm, Sweden, by Daniel Ek, former CTO of Stardoll, and Martin Lorentzon, co-founder of TradeDoubler.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It has been built by using two building materials.
Wikipedia page: Christ the Redeemer (statue) (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is made of reinforced concrete and soapstone.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mugwump were against extortion at the political level.
Wikipedia page: Mugwump (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Their idealism and reform sensibilities led them to oppose the political corruption in the politics of the Gilded Age.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johansson is the top remunerated actress in the world.
Wikipedia page: Scarlett Johansson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The world's highest-paid actress since 2018
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Giuseppe Verdi learned Latin and Italian from his parents.
Wikipedia page: Giuseppe Verdi (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Childhood and education
text: From the age of four, Verdi was given private lessons in Latin and Italian by the village schoolmaster, Baistrocchi, and at six he attended the local school.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Nicki Minaj's brother and husband are registered sex offender.
Wikipedia page: Nicki Minaj (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: In November 2017, Minaj's brother Jelani was convicted of predatory sexual assault against a child and endangering the welfare of a child.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ethel Barrymore was called Ethel because of a fictional person her dad liked.
Wikipedia page: Ethel Barrymore (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: She was named for her father's favorite character—Ethel in William Makepeace Thackeray's The Newcomes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Bangtan Sonyeondan or BTS  was originally a hip hop band.
Wikipedia page: BTS (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Originally a hip hop group, their musical style has evolved to include a wide range of genres.
section_header: Name
text: The group's name, BTS, stands for the Korean expression Bangtan Sonyeondan (Korean: 방탄소년단; Hanja: 防彈少年團), literally meaning "Bulletproof Boy Scouts".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Backstreet Boys started in Florida.
Wikipedia page: Backstreet Boys (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Backstreet Boys  (often abbreviated as BSB) is an American vocal group, formed in Orlando, Florida in 1993.
Verdict: SUPPORTS