tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Horace Greeley decided to find fame and fortune as an actor in New York City, where he met his wife, Mary, and moved to Vermont after the honeymoon to North Carolina.
.
Wikipedia page: Horace Greeley (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was apprenticed to a printer in Vermont and went to New York City in 1831 to seek his fortune.
section_header: First efforts at publishing
text: He took no honeymoon with his new wife, returning to work while his wife took up a teaching job in New York City.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shaka was king of the Zulu kingdom from 1820 to 1830.
Wikipedia page: Shaka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: King Shaka kaSenzangakhona (c. July 1787 – 22 September 1828), also known as Shaka Zulu (Zulu pronunciation: [ˈʃaːɠa]), was the King of the Zulu Kingdom from 1816 to 1828.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Diffusion only applies to chemistry.
Wikipedia page: Diffusion (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Diffusion in the context of different disciplines
text: The concept of diffusion is widely used in: physics (particle diffusion), chemistry, biology, sociology, economics, and finance (diffusion of people, ideas and of price values).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: An aquatic themed park with the name "uShaka" opened in 2004.
Wikipedia page: Shaka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: uShaka Marine World, an aquatic theme park on the Durban beach front opened in 2004.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Shake defeated one of his uncles to become the Zulu chief.
Wikipedia page: Shaka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Successor to Senzangakhona
text: Sigujana's reign was short, however, as Dingiswayo, anxious to confirm his authority, lent Shaka a regiment so that he was able to put Sigujana to death, launching a relatively bloodless coup that was substantially accepted by the Zulu.
section_header: Successor to Senzangakhona
text: When Senzangakhona (Shaka's father) died in 1816, Shaka's younger half-brother Sigujana assumed power as the legitimate heir to the Zulu chiefdom.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides was produced by Gore Verbinski.
Wikipedia page: Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the first film in the series not to be directed by Gore Verbinski, replaced by Rob Marshall.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Billy Herman was fired from the Boston Red Sox.
Wikipedia page: Billy Herman (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Baseball career
text: After his firing by the Red Sox in September 1966, he coached for the California Angels (1967) and San Diego Padres (1978–79) and served in player development roles with the Padres and Oakland Athletics.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Allan Trammell went to high school in San Diego and played 20 years for the Tigers.
Wikipedia page: Alan Trammell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His entire 20-year playing career in Major League Baseball (MLB) was with the Detroit Tigers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Giuseppe Verdi was the first kid from his parents.
Wikipedia page: Giuseppe Verdi (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Childhood and education
text: Verdi, the first child of Carlo Giuseppe Verdi (1785–1867) and Luigia Uttini (1787–1851), was born at their home in Le Roncole, a village near Busseto, then in the Département Taro and within the borders of  the First French Empire following the annexation of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza in 1808.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Guerrero played with the Long Island Ducks in 2013.
Wikipedia page: Vladimir Guerrero (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | Long Island Ducks
text: He never appeared with the team in the 2013 season.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World is a drama by Stanley Kubrick about the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Bay of Pigs.
Wikipedia page: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World is a 1963 American comedy film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer with a screenplay by William Rose and Tania Rose from a story by Tania Rose.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Although Sister Carrie has been described as the greatest book of it's kind, it was not a top seller after it was published.
Wikipedia page: Sister Carrie (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It has been called the "greatest of all American urban novels".
section_header: General reception
text: While it initially did not sell well (fewer than 500 copies) and encountered censorship, it is now considered one of the great American urban novels, which explores the gritty details of human nature, as well as how the process of industrialization affected the American people.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Johnny Evers, the only one in his family to play the sport, played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1902 through 1917 for the Chicago Cubs, Boston Braves, and Philadelphia Phillies.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Evers (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Many of Evers' relatives, including his father, brothers, and uncles, played baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jacob Ruppert was an American brewer that also owned the New York Yankees.
Wikipedia page: Jacob Ruppert (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He also owned the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball from 1915 until his death in 1939.
section_header: Summary
text: Jacob Ruppert Jr. (August 5, 1867 – January 13, 1939) was an American brewer, businessman, National Guard colonel and politician who served for four terms representing New York in the United States House of Representatives from 1899 to 1907.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the Count of Monte Cristo, Fernand Mondego sentences Dantes to life in prison.
Wikipedia page: The Count of Monte Cristo (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot | Edmond Dantès
text: Villefort, the deputy crown prosecutor in Marseille, destroys the letter from Elba when he discovers that it is addressed to his own father, Noirtier (who is a Bonapartist), since if this letter came into official hands, it would destroy his ambitions and reputation as a staunch Royalist.
section_header: Plot | Edmond Dantès
text: To silence Dantès, he condemns him without trial to life imprisonment.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: In 1930 the Communist Army set up the Chinese Soviet Republic in several provinces which consolidated and swelled Mao's power in the Party.
Wikipedia page: Long March (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Background | The Jiangxi Soviet
text: After the establishment of the Jiangxi Soviet, Mao's status within the Party declined.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: BTS (band) is a nine-member South Korean boy band cited as one of the key acts boosting global music sales to $19 billion in 2018.
Wikipedia page: BTS (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: BTS (Korean: 방탄소년단; RR: Bangtan Sonyeondan), also known as the Bangtan Boys, is a seven-member South Korean boy band who began formation in 2010 and debuted in 2013.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Quinn passed in his home in Rhode Island due to complications from an unknown allergy.
Wikipedia page: Anthony Quinn (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Death
text: He died of respiratory failure, pneumonia and throat cancer on June 3, 2001, in Boston, at age 86.His funeral was held in the First Baptist Church in America in College Hill, Providence, Rhode Island.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time and is measured by an altimeter.
Wikipedia page: Acceleration (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Definition and properties | Other forms
text: Proper acceleration, the acceleration of a body relative to a free-fall condition, is measured by an instrument called an accelerometer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Thin Man takes place in NYC.
Wikipedia page: The Thin Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: The story is set in New York City in December 1932, in the last days of Prohibition.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Long March consisted of multiple long marches in China.
Wikipedia page: Long March (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: There was not one Long March, but a series of marches, as various Communist armies in the south escaped to the north and west.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The play All My Sons is a play based on true events and was written by Arthur Miller after his previous play failed.
Wikipedia page: All My Sons (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Background
text: All My Sons is based upon a true story, which Arthur Miller's then-mother-in-law pointed out in an Ohio newspaper.
section_header: Background
text: Miller wrote All My Sons as a final attempt at writing a commercially successful play; he vowed to "find some other line of work" if the play did not find an audience.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alan Trammell played baseball for 22 years for the Tigers.
Wikipedia page: Alan Trammell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: His entire 20-year playing career in Major League Baseball (MLB) was with the Detroit Tigers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Long March involved Mao Zedong and was a series of marches.
Wikipedia page: Long March (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Long March began the ascent to power of Mao Zedong, whose leadership during the retreat gained him the support of the members of the party.
section_header: Summary
text: There was not one Long March, but a series of marches, as various Communist armies in the south escaped to the north and west.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Produced during the Great Depression, The Life of Emile Zola is an award-winning American film set in France and archived as symbolic and compelling.
Wikipedia page: The Life of Emile Zola (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 2000, it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
section_header: Summary
text: The Life of Emile Zola is a 1937 American biographical film about 19th-century French author Émile Zola, starring Paul Muni and directed by William Dieterle, a German émigré.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Benso participated in freemasonry.
Wikipedia page: Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Cavour was a freemason of the Italian Symbolic Rite.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 2005 novel No Country for Old men is set in Texas.
Wikipedia page: No Country for Old Men (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: The plot follows the interweaving paths of the three central characters (Llewelyn Moss, Anton Chigurh, and Ed Tom Bell) set in motion by events related to a drug deal gone bad near the Mexican–American border in remote Terrell County in south-west Texas.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rutherford B. Hayes had Irish roots.
Wikipedia page: Rutherford B. Hayes (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Family and early life | Childhood and family history
text: His earliest immigrant ancestor came to Connecticut from Scotland in 1625.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The first community builders of the land around Hong Kong came to the site around 250 BC.
Wikipedia page: Hong Kong (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History
text: The Qin dynasty incorporated the Hong Kong area into China for the first time in 214 BCE, after conquering the indigenous Baiyue.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Richard passed with his mother holding him.
Wikipedia page: Richard I of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Life after the Third Crusade | Death
text: Richard died on 6 April 1199 in the arms of his mother, and thus "ended his earthly day." Because of the nature of Richard's death, it was later referred to as "the Lion by the Ant was slain".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James Stewart was known for being an American role model.
Wikipedia page: James Stewart (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: With the strong morality he portrayed both on and off the screen, Stewart epitomized the "American ideal" in twentieth-century United States.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Henry Morton Stanley had a very colonial and deeply patronizing opinion of race.
Wikipedia page: Henry Morton Stanley (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Controversies | Opinion about mixed African-Arab peoples
text: They became the backbone of all his major expeditions and were referred to as "his dear pets" by sceptical young officers on the Emin Pasha Expedition, who resented their leader for favouring the Wangwana above themselves.
section_header: Controversies | General opinion about African people
text: In Through the Dark Continent, Stanley wrote that "the savage only respects force, power, boldness, and decision".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Francisco Vasquez de Coronado was a Spanish conquistador and explorer who led a large expedition from Mexico to present-day Kansas through parts of the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542 in which his expedition marked the first European sightings of the Grand Canyon and the Colorado River, among other landmarks.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Vasquez de Coronado (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Francisco Vázquez de Coronado y Luján (Spanish pronunciation: [fɾanˈθisko ˈβaθkeθ ðe koɾoˈnaðo]; 1510 – 22 September 1554) was a Spanish conquistador and explorer who led a large expedition from Mexico to present-day Kansas through parts of the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The story takes place in China.
Wikipedia page: The Good Earth (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Good Earth is a novel by Pearl S. Buck published in 1931 that dramatizes family life in a Chinese village in the early 20th century.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the movie, Gandhi, a non-Indian man played the the lead role of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
Wikipedia page: Gandhi (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Casting
text: The choice was Ben Kingsley, who is partly of Indian heritage (his father was Gujarati and his birth name is Krishna Bhanji).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American basketball player Gaylord Perry has a nephew who is a professional golfer.
Wikipedia page: Gaylord Perry (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Gaylord Jackson Perry (born September 15, 1938) is an American former professional baseball player.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Honus Wagner was one of the earliest players to be in the Hall of Fame.
Wikipedia page: Honus Wagner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 1936, the Baseball Hall of Fame inducted Wagner as one of the first five members.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Mel Ott  was called "Master Melvin" because of his expertise in snatching balls from the sky and heaving them to his fellow athletes in order to prevent an opposing paid gentleman from passing by them untouched, or slamming balls with his bat as a power hitter.
Wikipedia page: Mel Ott (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Melvin Thomas Ott (March 2, 1909 – November 21, 1958), nicknamed "Master Melvin", was an American professional baseball right fielder, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Giants, from 1926 through 1947.
section_header: Summary
text: Though unusually slight in stature for a power hitter, at 5 feet 9 inches (1.75 m), 170 pounds (77 kg), Ott led the National League in home runs a then record six times.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The XYZ Affair involved French diplomats and one of those diplomats had to be bribed.
Wikipedia page: XYZ Affair (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Jean-Conrad Hottinguer (X), Pierre Bellamy (Y), and Lucien Hauteval (Z) in documents released by the Adams administration.
section_header: Summary
text: The diplomats, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, John Marshall, and Elbridge Gerry, were approached through informal channels by agents of the French foreign minister, Talleyrand, who demanded bribes and a loan before formal negotiations could begin.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ralph Vaughan Williams injured his inner ears after he spent a year leading a choir that practiced under a bell tower.
Wikipedia page: Ralph Vaughan Williams (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career | Ravel; rising fame; First World War
text: The continual noise of the guns damaged his hearing, and led to deafness in his later years.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: David Brubeck did not plan to play music for a career.
Wikipedia page: Dave Brubeck (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career
text: Intending to work with his father on their ranch, Brubeck entered the College of the Pacific in Stockton, California (now the University of the Pacific), studying veterinary science.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pope Innocent III burial place is the castle of Windmere.
Wikipedia page: Pope Innocent III (NOCAT)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Death and legacy
text: He was buried in the cathedral of Perugia, where his body remained until Pope Leo XIII had it transferred to the Lateran in December 1891.Innocent
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shaka Zulu was the emperor of the Zulu nation.
Wikipedia page: Shaka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Shaka kaSenzangakhona (c. July 1787 – September 22,1828), also known as Shaka Zulu (Zulu pronunciation: [ˈʃaːɠa]), was the King of the Zulu Kingdom from 1816 to 1828.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pompeii was a very poor town.
Wikipedia page: Pompeii (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It was a wealthy town, enjoying many fine public buildings and luxurious private houses with lavish decorations, furnishings and works of art which were the main attractions for the early excavators.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Treaty of Tordesillas did not play a major role to separate South America.
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Tordesillas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Effect on other European powers
text: The treaty was important in dividing Latin America, as well as establishing Spain in the western Pacific.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Medwick was sometimes referred to as "Lucky".
Wikipedia page: Joe Medwick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Joseph Michael Medwick (November 24, 1911 – March 21, 1975), nicknamed "Ducky", was an American Major League Baseball player.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hughes was known for his speech as mayor of New York.
Wikipedia page: Charles Evans Hughes (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was also the 36th Governor of New York, the Republican nominee in the 1916 presidential election, and the 44th United States Secretary of State.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Horace Greeley lived in the town of Pennsylvania for more than a decade.
Wikipedia page: Horace Greeley (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: When the paper closed in 1830, the young man went west to join his family, living near Erie, Pennsylvania.
section_header: Early life
text: He remained there only briefly, going from town to town seeking newspaper employment, and was hired by the Erie Gazette.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Richard I most likely used four languages.
Wikipedia page: Richard I of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Richard probably spoke both French and Occitan.
section_header: Summary
text: He was born in England, where he spent his childhood; before becoming king, however, he lived most of his adult life in the Duchy of Aquitaine, in the southwest of France.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Battles of Saratoga was a fight in Saratoga, New York between the Union and the Confederates.
Wikipedia page: Battles of Saratoga (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Not only did Trammell play his entire career with the Tigers, he also coached the team during the 2004 season.
Wikipedia page: Alan Trammell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Managerial and coaching career | Detroit Tigers
text: During Trammell's three years as manager, the Tigers compiled a record of 186–300.During the 2003 season, Detroit nearly matched the modern MLB record of 120 losses, set by the expansion New York Mets (40–120) in 1962.
section_header: Managerial and coaching career | Detroit Tigers
text: The team lost 119 games in his first season in 2003, an American League record, before posting a 72–90 record in 2004.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Iran supports other countries' militarizes with money.
Wikipedia page: Iran (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Government and politics | President
text: After the Supreme Leader, the Constitution defines the President of Iran as the highest state authority.
section_header: Government and politics | Military
text: The government of Iran supports the military activities of its allies in Syria, Iraq, and Lebanon (Hezbollah) with military and financial aid.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The letters in the The XYZ Affair refer to code names for diplomats.
Wikipedia page: XYZ Affair (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The name derives from the substitution of the letters X, Y and Z for the names of French diplomats
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sergeant York had Italian roots.
Wikipedia page: Sergeant York (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and ancestry
text: The York family is mainly of English ancestry, with Scots-Irish ancestry as well.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ada Yonath was the original female from her nation to win the Nobel Prize.
Wikipedia page: Ada Yonath (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Awards and honors
text: She was the first Israeli woman to be awarded a Nobel Prize.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The title Golden Horde is said to have come from the color of the sun.
Wikipedia page: Golden Horde (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Name
text: The name Golden Horde, a partial calque of Russian Золотая Орда (Zolotája Ordá), itself supposedly a partial calque of Turkic Altan Orda, is said to have been inspired by the golden color of the tents the Mongols lived in during wartime, or an actual golden tent used by Batu Khan or by Uzbek Khan, or to have been bestowed by the Slavic tributaries to describe the great wealth of the khan.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Golden Horde, later known as the Great Horde, directly ruled the people they conquered.
Wikipedia page: Golden Horde (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Tributaries
text: In most cases the Golden Horde did not implement direct control over the people they conquered.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: King of Great Britain and King of Ireland George III became mad.
Wikipedia page: George III of the United Kingdom (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In the later part of his life, George had recurrent, and eventually permanent, mental illness.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Duke Snider was a Sailor for a bit more than a year.
Wikipedia page: Duke Snider (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Minor leagues
text: After serving in the U.S. Navy in 1945 and part of 1946, he came back to play for the Fort Worth Cats that year, and also for St. Paul in 1947.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sol White's book on African-American baseball is very rare today.
Wikipedia page: Sol White (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Negro league writings
text: Today only five copies are known to exist.
section_header: Negro league writings
text: Sol White is perhaps best known for writing History of Colored Base Ball, also known (on the title page) as Sol White's Official Base Ball Guide.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: To the Lighthouse revolves around the Homer family and their trips to Germany.
Wikipedia page: To the Lighthouse (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel centres on the Ramsay family and their visits to the Isle of Skye in Scotland between 1910 and 1920.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Elion contributed to the forming of AZT, a medication for AIDS.
Wikipedia page: Gertrude B. Elion (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Career and research
text: She played a significant role in the development of AZT, one of the first drugs used to treat HIV and AIDS.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Colosseum is an triangular amphitheater that held 50,000 spectators.
Wikipedia page: Colosseum (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: [aɱfiteˈaːtro ˈflaːvjo] or Colosseo [kolosˈsɛːo]), is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy.
section_header: Summary
text: The Colosseum or Coliseum ( KOL-ə-SEE-əm), also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium; Italian: Anfiteatro Flavio
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Twitter bot is a analog feed that is 140 characters that re-post tweets.
Wikipedia page: Twitter (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: User accounts | Twitter bots
text: A Twitter bot is a computer program that automatically posts on Twitter, they are programmed to tweet, retweet, and follow other accounts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: During the Gettysburg Campaign there were seventy two Medals of Honor and the first one was awarded in 1866.
Wikipedia page: Battle of Gettysburg (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Aftermath | Medal of Honor
text: 64 of the awards were for actions taken during the battle itself, with the first recipient being awarded in December 1864.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Lion in Winter opens with the queen returning to court after being held captive by her husband.
Wikipedia page: The Lion in Winter (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Synopsis
text: Set during Christmas 1183 at Henry II of England's castle in Chinon, Anjou, Angevin Empire, the play opens with the arrival of Henry's wife Eleanor of Aquitaine, whom he has had imprisoned since 1173.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This is a dramatic film made to talk about the madness of the U.S. during the depression.
Wikipedia page: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World is a 1963 American comedy film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer with a screenplay by William Rose and Tania Rose from a story by Tania Rose.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The United States is made up of 50 states and is a member of United Nations.
Wikipedia page: United States (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Man Who Came to Dinner had 3 gigs in the comedic play.
Wikipedia page: The Man Who Came to Dinner (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Man Who Came to Dinner is a comedy in three acts by George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In 2018, the American rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers raised $300,000 for students who are pursuing music careers.
Wikipedia page: Red Hot Chili Peppers (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Activism
text: The event raised $300,000 in college scholarship money for students who have survived cancer.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: At one point, Vichy France served as the second capital of France.
Wikipedia page: Vichy France (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Vichy France (French: Régime de Vichy) is the common name of the French State (État français) headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II.
section_header: Summary
text: While Paris remained the de jure capital of France, the government chose to relocate to the town of Vichy, 360 km (220 mi) to the south in the zone libre, which thus became the de facto capital of the French State.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Saturn has many hydrocarbon pools on its surface.
Wikipedia page: Saturn (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Physical characteristics
text: It lacks a definite surface, though it may have a solid core.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player was a black player in Pittsburgh who later managed teams.
Wikipedia page: Sol White (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career
text: His playing time was gradually curtailed as he concentrated on management.
section_header: Summary
text: An active sportswriter for many years, he wrote the first definitive history of black baseball in 1907.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Kinetic energy (KE) has the standard unit of the watt and the idea can be traced back to Aristotle but the math was formalized by Leibniz and Johann Bernoulli.
Wikipedia page: Kinetic energy (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The standard unit of kinetic energy is the joule, while the imperial unit of kinetic energy is the foot-pound.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Suez Canal in Syria makes up the border between the continents of Africa and Asia.
Wikipedia page: Suez Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Suez Canal (Arabic: قناة السويس‎ qanāt as-suwēs) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gertrude B. Elion was born in New York City on January 23, 1918 in which her family lost their wealth after the Wall Street Crash of 1929.
Wikipedia page: Gertrude B. Elion (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and education
text: Elion was born in New York City on January 23, 1918, to parents Robert Elion, a Lithuanian Jewish immigrant and a dentist, and Bertha Cohen, a Polish immigrant.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Stanley was an Irish journalist.
Wikipedia page: Henry Morton Stanley (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Sir Henry Morton Stanley (born John Rowlands; 28 January 1841 –  10 May 1904) was a Welsh-American journalist, explorer, soldier, colonial administrator, author and politician who was famous for his exploration of central Africa and his search for missionary and explorer David Livingstone, whom he later claimed to have greeted with the now-famous line: "Dr Livingstone, I presume?
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Blatty wrote it in 1971 and it was reprinted by Collins in 2010.
Wikipedia page: The Exorcist (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Novels | The Exorcist (1971)
text: The Exorcist is a 1971 novel by American writer William Peter Blatty.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Good Earth is an award winning tale about a Asian man's marriage ceremony day.
Wikipedia page: The Good Earth (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: The story begins on Wang Lung's wedding day and follows the rise and fall of his fortunes.
section_header: Summary
text: It was the best-selling novel in the United States in both 1931 and 1932, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1932, and was influential in Buck's winning the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1938.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The White House was not always the seat of power of the President.
Wikipedia page: White House (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Early history | 1789–1800
text: Washington never used the mansion because it was not completed until after the national capital was moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in December 1790.The
section_header: Early history | 1789–1800
text: Following his April 1789 inauguration, President George Washington occupied two private houses in New York City as the executive mansion.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: David Bowie birthplace is Manchester, England.
Wikipedia page: David Bowie (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Bowie was born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 in Brixton, London.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Diffusion is known to be phenomena in many different fields of science.
Wikipedia page: Diffusion (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The concept of diffusion is widely used in many fields, including physics (particle diffusion), chemistry, biology, sociology, economics, and finance (diffusion of people, ideas, and price values).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American baseball player Gaylord Jackson Perry had a reputation for trying to cheat.
Wikipedia page: Gaylord Perry (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Pitching style
text: Perry had a reputation throughout his career for doctoring baseballs, and was inspected on the mound by umpires and monitored closely by opposing teams.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the original theater play of Rocky Horror Picture Show Meat loaf played Dr. Scott as well as Eddie instead of just Eddie as in the film.
Wikipedia page: Meat Loaf (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Music career | The Rocky Horror Picture Show
text: The success of the musical led to the filming of The Rocky Horror Picture Show in which Meat Loaf played only Eddie, a decision he said made the movie not as good as the musical.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel The Trial was published after Franz Kafka's death and was heavily influenced by Dostoyevsky.
Wikipedia page: The Trial (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Trial (original German title: Der Process, later Der Proceß, Der Prozeß and Der Prozess) is a novel written by Franz Kafka between 1914 and 1915 and published posthumously in 1925.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Barbara Stanwyck was best known for her acting and stage performances.
Wikipedia page: Barbara Stanwyck (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: A stage, film and television star, she was known during her 60-year career as a consummate and versatile professional for her strong, realistic screen presence.
section_header: Summary
text: Barbara Stanwyck (born Ruby Catherine Stevens; July 16, 1907 – January 20, 1990) was an American actress, model and dancer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Richie wanted to be a clergyman.
Wikipedia page: Lionel Richie (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Richie considered studying divinity to become a priest in the Episcopal Church, but he ultimately decided he was not "priest material" and decided to continue his musical career.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The reflection of photons are dependent on the medium at which the photons are traveling.
Wikipedia page: Reflection (physics) (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Reflection of light
text: When light reflects off of a material with higher refractive index than the medium in which is traveling, it undergoes a 180° phase shift.
section_header: Reflection of light
text: In fact, reflection of light may occur whenever light travels from a medium of a given refractive index into a medium with a different refractive index.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The council's main purpose  from 1414 to 1418 in the Bishopric of Constance in present-day Germany was to end the Papal schism which had resulted from the confusion following the Avignon Papacy
Wikipedia page: Council of Constance (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Council of Constance was a 15th-century ecumenical council recognized by the Catholic Church, held from 1414 to 1418 in the Bishopric of Constance in present-day Germany.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Barbara Stanwyck was an American actress, model and dancer and won three Emmy Awards.
Wikipedia page: Barbara Stanwyck (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Barbara Stanwyck (born Ruby Catherine Stevens; July 16, 1907 – January 20, 1990) was an American actress, model and dancer.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: No one knows the exact makeup of the Earth's inner core.
Wikipedia page: Inner core (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Composition
text: There is still no direct evidence about the composition of the inner core.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Beijing Capital International Airport's Terminal Two was the base of operations for several Chinese airlines, including most in-country flights.
Wikipedia page: Beijing Capital International Airport (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Terminals | Terminal 1
text: Featuring 16 gates, it was the operational base for the domestic routes of China Southern Airlines and a few other airlines such as XiamenAir and Chongqing Airlines, and was originally planned to handle domestic traffic excluding those to Hong Kong and Macau.
section_header: Terminals | Terminal 1
text: Terminal 1, with 60,000 m2 (650,000 sq ft) of space, opened on 1 January 1980, and replaced the smaller existing terminal, which had been in operation since 1958.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Milhaud went to America after 1921.
Wikipedia page: Darius Milhaud (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life and career
text: And on a trip to the United States in 1922, Darius Milhaud heard "authentic" jazz for the first time, on the streets of Harlem, which left a great impact on his musical outlook.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Attila conquered Constantinople.
Wikipedia page: Attila (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He crossed the Danube twice and plundered the Balkans, but was unable to take Constantinople.
section_header: Campaigns against the Eastern Roman Empire
text: They encountered and destroyed a Roman army outside Constantinople but were stopped by the double walls of the Eastern capital.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: James Stewart was an actor with a career that lasted over five decades.
Wikipedia page: James Stewart (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Known for his distinctive drawl and everyman screen persona, Stewart had a film career that spanned over 55 years from 1935 and 1991 and 80 films.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Plumed Serpent is a novel that was not well received and was thought to be fascist.
Wikipedia page: The Plumed Serpent (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The novel received negative reviews.
section_header: Summary
text: Commentators have characterised it as fascist and an attack on Christianity, and seen it as expressing Lawrence's fears about the decline of the white race and belief in women's submission to men.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This Side of Paradise is the first book of the author.
Wikipedia page: This Side of Paradise (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: This Side of Paradise  is the debut novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald, published in 1920.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The XYZ Affair was a dispute between the US and Germany.
Wikipedia page: XYZ Affair (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the presidency of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to the Quasi-War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Christ the Redeemer , if it was brought to life, would not give the largest hugs of any existant stone fascimiles of Jesus.
Wikipedia page: Christ the Redeemer (statue) (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Similar structures
text: Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ of the Ozarks in Arkansas, United States, inspired by Rio's Christ the Redeemer (20 m) Christ of Vũng Tàu in Vietnam (32 m) Christ the King in Świebodzin, Poland (33 m) Christ the Redeemer of the Andes (Argentina/Chile) Christ the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Ibiza, Spain, inspired by Christ the Redeemer (23 m) Cristo Blanco in Cusco, Peru
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Willis passed away in 1955.
Wikipedia page: Vic Willis (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Victor Gazaway Willis (April 12, 1876 – August 3, 1947) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher during the 1890s and 1900s.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Casablanca traditionally has very strict laws about one man, one woman marriage.
Wikipedia page: Casablanca (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Since independence | Mudawana
text: About 40,000 women attended, calling for a ban on polygamy and the introduction of divorce law (divorce being a purely religious procedure at that time).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Mugwumps jumped political parties because they liked to be on the winning side.
Wikipedia page: Mugwump (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: They switched because they rejected the financial corruption associated with Republican candidate James G. Blaine.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Twitter imposes a 140 character limit on all of their posts, photos used to take up that character count as well but no longer do.
Wikipedia page: Twitter (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Appearance and features | Tweets | Format | Character limits
text: Under the new limit, glyphs are counted as a variable number of characters, depending upon the script they are from: most European letters and punctuation forms count as one character, while each CJK glyph counts as two so that only 140 such glyphs can be used in a tweet.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The equivalence point and endpoint of a Titration measurement are the same.
Wikipedia page: Titration (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Types of titrations | Acid–base titration
text: The endpoint and the equivalence point are not exactly the same because the equivalence point is determined by the stoichiometry of the reaction while the endpoint is just the color change from the indicator.
section_header: Measuring the endpoint of a titration | Endpoint and equivalence point
text: Though the terms equivalence point and endpoint are often used interchangeably, they are different terms.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Italy and France can account for the conflict  known as the XYZ Affair.
Wikipedia page: XYZ Affair (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Reaction in the United States
text: While the American diplomats were in Europe, President Adams considered his options in the event of the commission's failure.
section_header: Summary
text: The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the presidency of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to the Quasi-War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The White House is one of the designs of an European builder.
Wikipedia page: White House (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The residence was designed by Irish-born architect James Hoban in the neoclassical style.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Rube Waddell maintained the MLB record for strikeouts for over five years in a row.
Wikipedia page: Rube Waddell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He had an excellent fastball, a sharp-breaking curveball, a screwball, and superb control; his strikeout-to-walk ratio was almost 3-to-1, and he led the major leagues in strikeouts for six consecutive years.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Book of Leviticus teaches purification through rituals and is the third book of the Torah and of the Old Testament and takes place before the Israelite camp leave a famous mountain.
Wikipedia page: Leviticus (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Leviticus takes place during the month or month-and-a-half between the completion of the Tabernacle (Exodus 40:17) and the Israelites' departure from Sinai (Numbers 1:1, 10:11).
section_header: Summary
text: The book teaches that faithful performance of the sanctuary rituals can make that possible, so long as the people avoid sin and impurity whenever possible.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel, "No Country for Old Men," received both praise and harsh criticism.
Wikipedia page: No Country for Old Men (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: The early critical reception of the novel was mixed.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Since You Went Away is a comedy about an upper-middle-class housewife.
Wikipedia page: Since You Went Away (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Since You Went Away is a 1944 American drama film directed by John Cromwell for Selznick International Pictures and distributed by United Artists.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Joe Medwick had difficulty playing sports until he was elected to a place of higher learning for his vocation and found he transcended at baseball.
Wikipedia page: Joe Medwick (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: University of Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne made arrangements for Medwick to play football there, however Medwick decided to forgo college and enter professional baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alan Trammell has been ranked in the top 10 shortstop of all time.
Wikipedia page: Alan Trammell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career | Hall of Fame consideration and induction
text: In 2001, Trammell was rated as the ninth-best shortstop of all time in "The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract", placing him higher than fourteen Hall of Fame shortstops.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The novel concerns a woman rooting out a "plumed serpent" in government, this meaning an important person who was planning to betray the government he was to represent.
Wikipedia page: The Plumed Serpent (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: She encounters Don Cipriano, a Mexican general who supports a religious movement, the Men of Quetzalcoatl, founded by his friend Don Ramón Carrasco.
section_header: Summary
text: Kate eventually agrees to marry Cipriano, while the Men of Quetzalcoatl, with the help of a new President, bring about an end to Christianity in Mexico, replacing it with Quetzalcoatl worship.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Despite playing basketball through high-school, Steve Carlton decided to focus on baseball during his last year.
Wikipedia page: Steve Carlton (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: As a senior, Carlton quit basketball to concentrate on pitching.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The sequels to the original Thin Man film are based on the subsequent novels in order.
Wikipedia page: The Thin Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Hammett never wrote a sequel but the book became the basis for a successful six-part film series, which also began in 1934 with The Thin Man and starred William Powell and Myrna Loy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hamlet does not believe women can be trusted and thus mistreats Ophelia.
Wikipedia page: Hamlet (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Context and interpretation | Feminist
text: In consequence, Hamlet loses his faith in all women, treating Ophelia as if she too were a whore and dishonest with Hamlet.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Little Prince was written by a Polish nobleman.
Wikipedia page: The Little Prince (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Little Prince (French: Le Petit Prince, pronounced [lə p(ə)ti pʁɛ̃s]) is a novella by French aristocrat, writer, and aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Borobudur is a temple in Indonesia.
Wikipedia page: Borobudur (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Borobudur, or Barabudur (Indonesian: Candi Borobudur, Javanese: ꦕꦤ꧀ꦣꦶꦧꦫꦧꦸꦣꦸꦂ, romanized: Candhi Barabudhur) is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Magelang Regency, not far from the town of Muntilan, in Central Java, Indonesia.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The planet Saturn has the second biggest moon.
Wikipedia page: Saturn (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Titan, Saturn's largest moon, and the second-largest in the Solar System, is larger than the planet Mercury, although less massive, and is the only moon in the Solar System to have a substantial atmosphere.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George III's fiancee had not spent time with him before the day of their nuptials.
Wikipedia page: George III of the United Kingdom (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Marriage
text: On 8 September 1761 in the Chapel Royal, St James's Palace, the King married Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, whom he met on their wedding day.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Count of Monte Cristo has a clear moral, that you cannot just sit around stalling and praying that things get better.
Wikipedia page: The Count of Monte Cristo (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot | The Count of Monte Cristo
text: The reader is left with a final thought: "all human wisdom is contained in these two words, 'Wait and Hope'".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Johnny Evers died in a skiing accident.
Wikipedia page: Johnny Evers (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life
text: Evers died of a cerebral hemorrhage in 1947 at St. Peter's Hospital in Albany, and is buried in Saint Mary's Cemetery in Troy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Francisco Vasquez de Coronado has a type of rock that's named for him.
Wikipedia page: Francisco Vasquez de Coronado (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Legacy
text: The mineral Coronadite is named after him.
Verdict: SUPPORTS