tasksource/fool-me-twice huggingface dataset:
Claim: Our Town revolves around Grover's Corners.
Wikipedia page: Our Town (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The play tells the story of the fictional American small town of Grover's Corners between 1901 and 1913 through the everyday lives of its citizens.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Bonus Army was a group of veterans and others would assembled in the 1930s.
Wikipedia page: Bonus Army (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: I veterans, together with their families and affiliated groups – who gathered in Washington, D.C. in mid-1932 to demand early cash redemption of their service certificates.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Borobudur is Earth's biggest Buddhist temple since the 9th-century.
Wikipedia page: Borobudur (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the world's largest Buddhist temple.
section_header: Summary
text: Borobudur, or Barabudur (Indonesian: Candi Borobudur, Javanese: ꦕꦤ꧀ꦣꦶꦧꦫꦧꦸꦣꦸꦂ, romanized: Candhi Barabudhur) is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Magelang Regency, not far from the town of Muntilan, in Central Java, Indonesia.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Playing in Puerto Rico proved to be a success for Willard Brown.
Wikipedia page: Willard Brown (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Later career
text: He then won the Puerto Rican Winter League Triple Crown in the 1949–1950 season, and also hit for the cycle once in his career.
section_header: Summary
text: Willard Jessie Brown (June 26, 1915 – August 4, 1996), nicknamed "Home Run" Brown, was an American baseball player who played outfielder in the Negro leagues and in Major League Baseball (MLB).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: "Rappaccini's Daughter" is a short tale and is set in Italia.
Wikipedia page: Rappaccini's Daughter (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: "Rappaccini's Daughter" is a short story by Nathaniel Hawthorne first published in the December 1844 issue of The United States Magazine and Democratic Review, and later in the 1846 collection Mosses from an Old Manse.
section_header: Plot summary
text: The story is set in Padua, Italy, in a distant and unspecified past.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: James Stewart's birthplace is Boston, Massachusetts.
Wikipedia page: James Stewart (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: James Maitland Stewart was born on May 20, 1908, in Indiana, Pennsylvania, the eldest child and only son born to Elizabeth Ruth (née Jackson; 1875–1953) and Alexander Maitland Stewart (1872–1962).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American baseball player Duke Snider was a quarterback in high school.
Wikipedia page: Duke Snider (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: He was a strong-armed quarterback, who reportedly could throw the football 70 yards.
section_header: Early life
text: Growing up in Southern California, Snider was a gifted all-around athlete, playing basketball, football, and baseball at Compton High School, class of 1944.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: George Washington was the 1st president of the United States and did not have wooden teeth.
Wikipedia page: George Washington (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: He had several sets of false teeth made which he wore during his presidency—none of which were made of wood, contrary to common lore.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Camillo Benso had two brothers.
Wikipedia page: Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | Early life
text: He was the second of two sons of Michele Giuseppe Francesco Antonio Benso, 4th Marquess of Cavour and Count of Isolabella and Leri, Lord of Corveglia, Dusino, Mondonio, Ottiglio and Ponticelli, Co-Lord of Castagnole, Cellarengo and Menabi, Cereaglio, Chieri, San Salvatore Monferrato, Santena and Valfenera, 1st Baron of the French Empire (1781–1850) and his wife (1805) Adélaïde (Adèle) Suzanne, Marchioness of Sellon (1780–1846), herself of French origin.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Hal Hewhouser was never a Hall of Famer.
Wikipedia page: Hal Newhouser (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1992.
section_header: Later life
text: In 1992, he was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Lady of Shalott is a lyrical ballad by the English poet Alfred Tennyson focusing on the occupant feeling isolated in an island castle in a river.
Wikipedia page: The Lady of Shalott (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Poem
text: The Lady of Shalott lives in an island castle in a river which flows to Camelot, but the local farmers know little about her.
section_header: Poem
text: Tennyson focused on the Lady's "isolation in the tower and her decision to participate in the living world, two subjects not even mentioned in Donna di Scalotta." The first four stanzas of the 1842 poem describe a pastoral setting.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 1915 novel Song of the Lark tells the story of a small town girl from Colorado who becomes an opera singer after the town doctor provides her financial support.
Wikipedia page: Song of the Lark (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Characters
text: He is a lifelong friend of Thea, who gives her financial support, which she in her turn repays.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The lady in "The Lady of Shallot" is dead when she reaches Camelot.
Wikipedia page: The Lady of Shalott (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Poem
text: She leaves her tower, finds a boat upon which she writes her name, and floats down the river to Camelot.
section_header: Poem
text: She dies before arriving at the palace.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: There was a 1950s film adaptation of Winesburg, Ohio staring James Stuart.
Wikipedia page: Winesburg, Ohio (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Adaptations | Film
text: The film was directed by Daniel Nearing, written by Nearing and Rudy Thauberger, and stars Andre Truss, Keisha Dyson and Gerrold Johnson.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Farfetch is a perfume line from Belgium.
Wikipedia page: Farfetch (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Farfetch is an online luxury fashion retail platform that sells products from over 700 boutiques and brands from around the world.
section_header: Summary
text: The company was founded in 2007 by the Portuguese entrepreneur José Neves with its headquarters in London and main branches in Porto,  Guimarães, Braga, Lisbon, New York, Los Angeles, Tokyo, Shanghai, Hong Kong, São Paulo and Dubai.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: An example of diffusion is atoms moving from a spot of elevated congregation to a lesser place of congregation.
Wikipedia page: Diffusion (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Diffusion is the net movement of anything (for example, atom, ions, molecules) from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Buckingham Palace is in Westminster.
Wikipedia page: Buckingham Palace (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is often at the centre of state occasions and royal hospitality.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: This film is about a soldier returning to America after the Vietnam War.
Wikipedia page: Since You Went Away (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is an epic about the American home front during World War II that was adapted and produced by David O. Selznick from the 1943 novel Since You Went Away: Letters to a Soldier from His Wife by Margaret Buell Wilder.
section_header: Plot summary
text: Anne's beloved husband Tim Hilton has volunteered for U.S. Army service in World War II.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Vietnam War carried on for 19 years.
Wikipedia page: Vietnam War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The war, considered a Cold War-era proxy war by some, lasted 19 years, with direct U.S. involvement ending in 1973, and included the Laotian Civil War and the Cambodian Civil War, which ended with all three countries becoming communist in 1975.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Statues of people or gods who are not Greek were not allowed to be displayed inside the Acropolis of Athens.
Wikipedia page: Acropolis of Athens (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: History | Hellenistic and Roman period
text: Monuments to foreign kings were erected, notably those of the Attalid kings of Pergamon Attalos II (in front of the NW corner of the Parthenon), and Eumenes II, in front of the Propylaia.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Suez Canal is a natural waterway.
Wikipedia page: Suez Canal (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Suez Canal (Arabic: قناة السويس‎ qanāt as-suwēs) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie is a based off of a true story.
Wikipedia page: Dog Day Afternoon (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Dog Day Afternoon is a 1975 American biographical neo-noir crime drama film directed by Sidney Lumet, written by Frank Pierson, and produced by Martin Bregman and Martin Elfand.
section_header: Historical accuracy
text: The real-life Wojtowicz was paid $7,500 ($38,900 today) plus 1% of the film's net profit for the rights to his story, from which he gave to Eden enough to pay for her sexual reassignment surgery.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: As I Lay Dying is a 1930 Southern Gothic novel by American author William Faulkner which is narrated by 15 different characters over 59 chapters.
Wikipedia page: As I Lay Dying (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot summary
text: The book is narrated by 15 different characters over 59 chapters.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Heitor da Silva Costa depicted Christ the Redeemer which is located in Brazil.
Wikipedia page: Christ the Redeemer (statue) (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Christ the Redeemer (Portuguese: Cristo Redentor, standard Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈkɾistu ʁedenˈtoʁ], local pronunciation: [ˈkɾiɕtŭ̻ xe̞denˈtoɦ]) is an Art Deco statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, created by French sculptor Paul Landowski and built by Brazilian engineer Heitor da Silva Costa, in collaboration with French engineer Albert Caquot.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nick and Nora have a dog.
Wikipedia page: The Thin Man (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: Nick and Nora have no children but they own a female Schnauzer named Asta. (In the film adaptation, Asta is a male wire-haired fox terrier.) Charles is drawn, mostly against his will, into investigating a murder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: An arthropod is an animal with no exoskeleton.
Wikipedia page: Arthropoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Description | Exoskeleton
text: Arthropod exoskeletons are made of cuticle, a non-cellular material secreted by the epidermis.
section_header: Summary
text: An arthropod (, from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, "joint" and πούς pous, "foot" (gen. ποδός)) is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The country of Norway is a Scandinavian country that was neutral up to the Vietnam War.
Wikipedia page: Norway (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Norway remained neutral until April 1940 when the country was invaded and occupied by Germany until the end of Second World War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: George Herbert Walker Bush was preceded by 39 U.S presidents.
Wikipedia page: George H. W. Bush (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: George Herbert Walker Bush (June 12, 1924 – November 30, 2018) was an American politician, diplomat, and businessman who served as the 41st president of the United States from 1989 to 1993.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The United States is the third of many things like area size and population.
Wikipedia page: United States (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Demographics | Population
text: The United States is the third most populous nation in the world, after China and India.
section_header: Geography, climate, and environment
text: The United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest nation by total area (land and water), ranking behind Russia and Canada and nearly equal to China.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Honus Wagner is an inductee to the first Baseball Hall of Fame class and was 2nd in ballots received.
Wikipedia page: Honus Wagner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Baseball legacy
text: When the Baseball Hall of Fame held its first election in 1936, Wagner tied for second in the voting with Babe Ruth, trailing Cobb.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Richard I of England had many titles and was the only son if the previous king.
Wikipedia page: Richard I of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was the third of five sons of King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine and seemed unlikely to become king, but all of his brothers except  the youngest, John, predeceased their father.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Knights of Labor was an American labor federation active in the late 19th century, especially the 1880s until 1949, when the group's last 50-member local dropped its affiliation.
Wikipedia page: Knights of Labor (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Knights of Labor (K of L), officially Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor, was an American labor federation active in the late 19th century, especially the 1880s.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Sol White and the first black player to be signed to the MLB.
Wikipedia page: Sol White (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: King Solomon "Sol" White (June 12, 1868 – August 26, 1955) was an American professional baseball infielder, manager and executive, and one of the pioneers of the Negro leagues.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: John Paul Jones just tacked on the third bit of his name so the cops wouldn't find him.
Wikipedia page: John Paul Jones (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and training
text: John Paul (he added "Jones" in later life to hide from law enforcement) was born on the estate of Arbigland near Kirkbean in the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright on the southwest coast of Scotland.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Cher has sold over 100 million records worldwide.
Wikipedia page: Cher (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Having sold 100 million records to date, Cher is one of the world's best-selling music artists.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Haines earned the nickname Daddy on the field due to his strong and commanding demeanor.
Wikipedia page: Jesse Haines (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Jesse Joseph Haines (July 22, 1893 – August 5, 1978), nicknamed "Pop", was a right-handed pitcher in for the Cincinnati Reds and St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB).
section_header: Major league career
text: As his career went on, Haines became known as "Pop" because of the influence he exerted on younger teammates.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Bangtan Boys are the record holders for the largest number of female fans attending a single concert.
Wikipedia page: BTS (band) (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career | 2017: International expansion and collaborations
text: That same month, Guinness World Records revealed that BTS had earned a spot in their 2018 edition for "having the world's most Twitter engagements for a music group".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Kebab, pilaf, soups and falude and saffron ice cream for dessert are a few staples within the ethnic groups.
Wikipedia page: Iran (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Culture | Cuisine
text: One of Iran's most popular desserts is the falude, consisting of vermicelli in a rose water syrup, which has its roots in the fourth century BC.
section_header: Culture | Cuisine
text: Iranian cuisine includes a wide range of main dishes, including various types of kebab, pilaf, stew (khoresh), soup and āsh, and omelette.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The 2014 movie Boyhood is set in rural Virginia.
Wikipedia page: Boyhood (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Plot
text: In 2002, six-year-old Mason Evans Jr. and his older sister Samantha live with their divorced mother, Olivia, in a small town in Texas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cher doesn't specifically donate to any charities that aid only persons with physical cranium disorders.
Wikipedia page: Cher (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Other interests | Philanthropy
text: She supports and promotes Get A-Head Charitable Trust, which aims to improve the quality of life for people with head and neck diseases.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rutherford B. Hayes was the 20th president and a slave owner from South Carolina.
Wikipedia page: Rutherford B. Hayes (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Family and early life | Cincinnati law practice and marriage
text: Hayes also defended slaves who had escaped and been accused under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Farfetch's employees are located in over 10 locations around the world.
Wikipedia page: Farfetch (Technology)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Farfetch has offices in 11 cities and employs over 3,000 staff.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Honus continued to play baseball after his retirement in 1917.
Wikipedia page: Honus Wagner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Later career
text: In 1917, following another retirement, Wagner returned for his final, abbreviated season.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: David Bowie was born in Manchester, United Kingdom.
Wikipedia page: David Bowie (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Bowie was born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 in Brixton, London.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Alexsandr Borodin believed that a woman's place was in the kitchen, taking care of her man.
Wikipedia page: Aleksandr Borodin (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Borodin was a promoter of education in Russia and founded the School of Medicine for Women in Saint Petersburg, where he taught until 1885.
section_header: Life and profession | Family and education
text: Eventually, he established medical courses for women (1872).
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Johansson married Reynolds in 2010.
Wikipedia page: Scarlett Johansson (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life
text: Johansson began a relationship with Canadian actor Ryan Reynolds in 2007; they became engaged in May 2008, married in September 2008, separated in December 2010 and divorced in July 2011.In November 2012, Johansson started dating Frenchman Romain Dauriac, the owner of an advertising agency; they became engaged the following September.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ott was used to receive the ball from pitcher but that position was denied to him due to his height.
Wikipedia page: Mel Ott (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Playing career | Regular season
text: Ott had originally been a catcher, but McGraw concluded that Ott was too small to be a major league catcher and converted him into an outfielder.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: On Stranger Tides, grossed more millions in the United States than internationally, especially in 10 territories.
Wikipedia page: Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception | Box office | Outside North America
text: Outside North America, On Stranger Tides is the sixth-highest-grossing film, the third-highest-grossing Disney film, the second-highest-grossing 2011 film and the highest-grossing film of the Pirates of the Caribbean series.
section_header: Reception | Box office
text: On Stranger Tides earned $241.1 million in the North America and $804.6 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $1.045 billion.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A spin-off was planned for US television show The Office, but it didn't work out.
Wikipedia page: The Office (US) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Crew
text: He left the showrunner spot after the eighth season for the potential Dwight Schrute spin-off, The Farm, which was eventually passed up by NBC.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ethel Barrymore received an offer of marriage from a prominent English politician.
Wikipedia page: Ethel Barrymore (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Private life
text: Churchill reportedly proposed to her in 1900; Barrymore mentions no such thing in her autobiography, though she includes a photograph of herself and Churchill on the lawn at Blenheim Palace in 1899.
section_header: Career
text: Men everywhere were smitten with Ethel, most notably Winston Churchill, who asked her to marry him.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American actor Brad Pitt has sixteen children.
Wikipedia page: Brad Pitt (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pitt and Jolie have six children together, three of whom were adopted internationally.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Lewis Cass was a Republican nominee for president.
Wikipedia page: Lewis Cass (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: He was also the 1848 Democratic presidential nominee and a leading spokesman for the Doctrine of Popular Sovereignty, which held that the people in each territory should decide whether to permit slavery.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Vietnam War was a relatively peaceful battle.
Wikipedia page: Vietnam War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: War crimes
text: War crimes were committed by both sides during the conflict and included rape, massacres of civilians, bombings of civilian targets, terrorism, the widespread use of torture, and the murder of prisoners of war.
section_header: War crimes
text: Additional common crimes included theft, arson, and the destruction of property not warranted by military necessity.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: A reviewer of the book version of No Country for Old Men complemented the author by means of an impressively obtuse metaphor comparing their ability to write and a person that's good at video games.
Wikipedia page: No Country for Old Men (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: In the July 24, 2005, issue of The New York Times Book Review, the critic and fiction writer Walter Kirn suggests that the novel's plot is "sinister high hokum", but writes admiringly of the prose, describing the author as "a whiz with the joystick, a master-level gamer who changes screens and situations every few pages".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: John Quincy Adams was a state representative for Pennsylvania at one point.
Wikipedia page: John Quincy Adams (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: During his long diplomatic and political career, Adams also served as an ambassador, and as a member of the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives representing Massachusetts.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Little Prince was never translated into other languages.
Wikipedia page: The Little Prince (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Literary translations and printed editions
text: As of 2017, it has been translated into more than 300 languages and dialects, including Sardinian, the constructed international languages of Esperanto and Klingon, and the Congolese language Alur, as well as being printed in Braille for blind readers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Shaka Zulu was tall, dark but not handsome.
Wikipedia page: Shaka (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Physical descriptions
text: Supposedly if he killed Magaye, it would appear to be out of jealousy because Magaye was so handsome and "Shaka himself was ugly, with a protruding forehead".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Long March probably wasn't nearly as long as Mao said it was, but the Chinese government forbids people from disputing that.
Wikipedia page: Long March (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Historical controversies | Length
text: Chinese media dispute their report: "The 25,000 li of the Red Army's Long March are a historic fact and not open to doubt." However, even at the time that Edgar Snow's account was written, there were estimates that the distance traveled was closer to 18,000 li (9,375 km).
section_header: Historical controversies
text: Some critics and researchers call the earlier accounts myths, but find that they are difficult to prove or disprove because the Chinese government prevents independent historians from exploring the topic.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Exorcist focuses on people being possessed by a girl named Karra.
Wikipedia page: The Exorcist (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: All of these installments focus on fictional accounts of people possessed by Pazuzu, the main antagonist of the series, and the efforts of religious authorities to counter this possession.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Plumed Serpent is a film about snake charmers.
Wikipedia page: The Plumed Serpent (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Plumed Serpent is a 1926 political novel by D. H. Lawrence; Lawrence conceived the idea for the novel while visiting Mexico in 1923, and its themes reflect his experiences there.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Avengers: Infinity War is the nineteenth movie in the MCU.
Wikipedia page: Avengers: Infinity War (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: It is the sequel to The Avengers (2012) and Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), and the 19th film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: In the study of diffusion, something that is often believed true that is really false is that atoms have unpredictable movement patterns.
Wikipedia page: Diffusion (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Random walk (random motion)
text: One common misconception is that individual atoms, ions or molecules move randomly, which they do not.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American Jazz pianist Dave Brubeck grew up unable to read music.
Wikipedia page: Dave Brubeck (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life and career
text: He could not read music during these early lessons, attributing this difficulty to poor eyesight, but "faked" his way through well enough that this deficiency went mostly unnoticed.
section_header: Early life and career
text: Please go there. Stop wasting my time and yours." Later, Brubeck was nearly expelled when one of his professors discovered that he could not read music on sight.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World premiered in New York City.
Wikipedia page: It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Reception
text: The film opened at the newly built Cinerama Dome in Los Angeles on November 7, 1963.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Duke Snider was named "Golden Bear" during his career in the MLB.
Wikipedia page: Duke Snider (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Edwin Donald "Duke" Snider (September 19, 1926 – February 27, 2011), nicknamed "The Silver Fox" and "The Duke of Flatbush", was an American professional baseball player.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The Scarlet Letter was release in 1850.
Wikipedia page: The Scarlet Letter (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Publication history
text: The Scarlet Letter was first published in the spring of 1850 by Ticknor & Fields, beginning Hawthorne's most lucrative period.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Dwight D. Eisenhower was a five star general of the Army and the 35th president of the United States.
Wikipedia page: Dwight D. Eisenhower (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower ( EYE-zən-how-ər; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969), GCB, OM was an American army general who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Honus Wagner quit baseball altogether once he got out of the major leagues, going on to have a short film career, and then die at age 81 in 1955.
Wikipedia page: Honus Wagner (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Professional career | Life after baseball
text: Wagner was not finished playing baseball after his retirement from major league baseball.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: During the Crisis of 1830, some Canadians hid in the forest when the British started arresting people attempting to have the United States incorporate their area.
Wikipedia page: Aroostook War (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Crisis of 1830
text: New Brunswick authorities arrested some residents, others fled to the woods, and local Americans sent letters to the Maine authorities in Augusta.
section_header: Crisis of 1830
text: Acting on advice from Penobscot County, Maine, officials, they called a meeting to select representatives preparatory to incorporating Madawaska as a town.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Iron Maiden touts that they proudly follow a Satanic lifestyle.
Wikipedia page: Iron Maiden (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Image and legacy | Claims of Satanic references
text: The protests were not restricted to the US, with Christian organisations preventing Iron Maiden from performing in Chile in 1992.Contrary to the accusations, the band have always denied the notion that they are Satanists, with lead vocalist, Bruce Dickinson, doing so on-stage in the Live After Death concert video.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Red Hot Chili Peppers has had many guitarist including Pat Smear of Nirvana.
Wikipedia page: Red Hot Chili Peppers (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Red Hot Chili Peppers were formed in Los Angeles by Kiedis, Flea, guitarist Hillel Slovak, and drummer Jack Irons.
section_header: Summary
text: In 1998, following Navarro's dismissal, Frusciante returned to Red Hot Chili Peppers.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Rosalind Russell took her stage name from the farm where her grandmother lived near Rosemont.
Wikipedia page: Rosalind Russell (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early years
text: She was named after a ship on which her parents had traveled.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jacob Ruppert was Scottish descant.
Wikipedia page: Jacob Ruppert (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His mother was also of German ethnicity, and was herself the daughter of prominent brewer George Gillig.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The main purpose behind the design of the grand grid of roads Eisenhower commissioned was to make escape from population centers and armed forces' movements in times of war easier and faster, in case of a mainland attack, probably because he lived through both World Wars I, II, and the Korean War.
Wikipedia page: Dwight D. Eisenhower (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Presidency (1953–1961) | Interstate Highway System
text: It was believed that large cities would be targets in a possible war, so the highways were designed to facilitate their evacuation and ease military maneuvers.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The XYZ Affair led to a clash between the US and Republican France.
Wikipedia page: XYZ Affair (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the presidency of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to the Quasi-War.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: American baseball player Willie Stargell was threatened in order to quit playing.
Wikipedia page: Willie Stargell (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: While in Plainview, Texas, he was accosted at gunpoint by a man who threatened his life if he played in that night's game.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Andy Cooper was an American left-handed pitcher born and buried in Texas.
Wikipedia page: Andy Cooper (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Illness and death
text: He was buried in Greenwood Cemetery in Waco.
section_header: Summary
text: Andrew Lewis Cooper (April 24, 1898 – June 3, 1941), nicknamed "Lefty", was an American left-handed pitcher in baseball's Negro Leagues.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The city of Shiraz was the former capital of Iran but is now has the 6th largest population in the country.
Wikipedia page: Iran (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Geography | Administrative divisions
text: Shiraz, with a population of around 1.8 million (2016 census), is Iran's sixth most populous city.
section_header: Geography | Administrative divisions
text: It is the capital of the province of Fars, and was also the capital of Iran under the reign of the Zand dynasty.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The United States version of the television series The Office has had multiple episodes directed by cast members.
Wikipedia page: The Office (US) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Production | Crew
text: Kaling, Novak, and Lieberstein also served multiple roles on the series, as they played regular characters on the show, as well as wrote, directed, and produced episodes.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: DiMaggio had seven brother and sisters.
Wikipedia page: Joe DiMaggio (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: Joseph Paul DiMaggio was born on November 25, 1914, in Martinez, California, the sixth of seven children born to Italian immigrants Giuseppe (1872–1949) and Rosalia (née Lucido; 1878–1951) DiMaggio, from Isola delle Femmine, Sicily.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Treaty of Tordesillas was made for Cristobal Colon.
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Tordesillas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Signing and enforcement
text: The Treaty of Tordesillas was intended to solve the dispute that had been created following the return of Christopher Columbus and his crew, who had sailed for the Crown of Castile.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The White House was built by slaves.
Wikipedia page: White House (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Early history | Construction
text: The main residence, as well as foundations of the house, were built largely by enslaved and free African-American laborers, as well as employed Europeans.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Smoltz was sometimes referred to as "Smolen" or "John John".
Wikipedia page: John Smoltz (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: John Andrew Smoltz (born May 15, 1967), nicknamed "Smoltzie" and "Marmaduke," is an American former baseball pitcher who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball from 1988 to 2009, all but the last year with the Atlanta Braves.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: American biochemist Gertrude "Trudy" Belle Elio came up with a drug that is used to fight herpes.
Wikipedia page: Gertrude B. Elion (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Her well known works also include the development of the first immunosuppressive drug, azathioprine, used to fight rejection in organ transplants, and the first successful antiviral drug, acyclovir (ACV), used in the treatment of herpes infection.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: David Bowie is a Londoner who ventured out to form a full-time band in which he began playing guitar and danced alongside women before he went solo.
Wikipedia page: David Bowie (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Music career | 1968–1971: Space Oddity to Hunky Dory
text: After a disastrous opening gig at the London Roundhouse, they reverted to a configuration presenting Bowie as a solo artist.
section_header: Music career | 1968–1971: Space Oddity to Hunky Dory
text: In January 1968, Kemp choreographed a dance scene for a BBC play, The Pistol Shot, in the Theatre 625 series, and used Bowie with a dancer, Hermione Farthingale; the pair began dating, and moved into a London flat together.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Duke Snider played for three different teams during his career.
Wikipedia page: Duke Snider (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Primarily a center fielder, he spent most of his Major League Baseball (MLB) career playing for the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers (1947–1962), later playing one season each for the New York Mets (1963) and San Francisco Giants (1964).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The English novel The Count of Monte Cristo is the author's most popular pieces.
Wikipedia page: The Count of Monte Cristo (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The Count of Monte Cristo (French: Le Comte de Monte-Cristo) is an adventure novel by French author Alexandre Dumas (père) completed in 1844.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: James Stewart was the first kid from his parents.
Wikipedia page: James Stewart (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: James Maitland Stewart was born on May 20, 1908, in Indiana, Pennsylvania, the eldest child and only son born to Elizabeth Ruth (née Jackson; 1875–1953) and Alexander Maitland Stewart (1872–1962).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Ronstadt was the highest paid woman in rock during her professional career in the 1960s.
Wikipedia page: Linda Ronstadt (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Career summary
text: Establishing her professional career in the mid-1960s at the forefront of California's emerging folk rock and country rock movements – genres which defined post-1960s rock music – Ronstadt joined forces with Bobby Kimmel and Kenny Edwards and became the lead singer of a folk-rock trio, the Stone Poneys.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The Statue of Liberty was built by a Greek sculptor who wanted to immigrate to America after seeing his completed work.
Wikipedia page: Statue of Liberty (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and its metal framework was built by Gustave Eiffel.
section_header: Summary
text: The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The name of the novel came from a piece from an artist.
Wikipedia page: Song of the Lark (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The title comes from a painting of the same name by Jules Breton in 1884 and part of the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The director of Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World, says he would like to make a few more movies in the series, but he plans on taking some time to get it right.
Wikipedia page: Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Possible sequel
text: Director Weir, asked in 2005 if he would make a sequel, stated he thought it "most unlikely", and after disclaiming internet rumors to the contrary, stated "I think that while it did well
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Cher played a lesbian in a film and this is one of the reasons she is considered a gay icon.
Wikipedia page: Cher (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Public image | As a gay icon
text: Cher's role as a lesbian in the film Silkwood, as well as her transition to dance music and social activism, have further contributed to her becoming a gay icon.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Nobody has ever drawn the conclusion, in an official state-sanctioned capacity, that "Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night" could be used to spur people into road rage.
Wikipedia page: Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night (Literature)
Evidence:
section_header: Notable use in popular culture
text: "In the light dying, we'll rage and fight, go kickin' and screamin', into that good night." The poem was featured as a voiceover by Iain Glen in a 2018 television advert for the Ford Motor Company.
section_header: Notable use in popular culture
text: The advert was subsequently banned by the Advertising Standards Authority for encouraging driving as a way to release anger.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: There is no nuclear reaction when neutrinos are in contact with another nucleus.
Wikipedia page: Neutrino (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Properties and reactions | Nuclear reactions
text: A hydrogen nucleus is a single proton, so simultaneous nuclear interactions, which would occur within a heavier nucleus, don't need to be considered for the detection experiment.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The movie's run was negatively received due to its aggrandized portrayal of Ghandi and its superficiality.
Wikipedia page: Gandhi (film) (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Release and reception | Critical response
text: Among the few who took a more negative view of the film, historian Lawrence James called it "pure hagiography" while anthropologist Akhil Gupta said it "suffers from tepid direction and a superficial and misleading interpretation of history.
section_header: Release and reception | Critical response
text: Reviews were broadly positive not only domestically (in India) but also internationally.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: An arthropod is an invertebrate animal that is derived from the Latin work meaning foot.
Wikipedia page: Arthropoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Etymology
text: The word arthropod comes from the Greek ἄρθρον árthron, "joint", and πούς pous (gen. podos (ποδός)), i.e. "foot" or "leg", which together mean "jointed leg".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The head of the production company for Since You Went Away was the father of one of the actors.
Wikipedia page: Since You Went Away (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Behind the scenes
text: Jones and Walker played young sweethearts in Since You Went Away, but in real life, they were married at the time and going through a bitter break-up due to Jones' ongoing affair with producer Selznick.
section_header: Summary
text: Since You Went Away is a 1944 American drama film directed by John Cromwell for Selznick International Pictures and distributed by United Artists.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: The XYZ Affair led to a war.
Wikipedia page: XYZ Affair (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the presidency of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to the Quasi-War.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Jennifer Aniston dated fellow actor Brad Pitt for 2 years before they getting married.
Wikipedia page: Jennifer Aniston (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Personal life | Relationships
text: She married Pitt, after two years of dating, on July 29, 2000, in a lavish Malibu wedding.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: All of Europe respected the Treaty of Tordesillas.
Wikipedia page: Treaty of Tordesillas (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Effect on other European powers
text: It was ignored by other European nations, and with the decline of Spanish and Portuguese power, the home countries were unable to hold many of their claims, much less expand them into poorly explored areas.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Gerty Theresa Cori discovered the Cori cycle.
Wikipedia page: Gerty Theresa Cori (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: , Gerty Cori received the Nobel Prize in 1947 for the discovery of the mechanism by which glycogen—a derivative of glucose—is broken down in muscle tissue into lactic acid and then resynthesized in the body and stored as a source of energy (known as the Cori cycle).
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Pompeii is found in present day Greece near Athens.
Wikipedia page: Pompeii (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Pompeii (, Latin: [pɔmˈpeːjjiː]) was an ancient city located in what is now the comune of Pompei near Naples in the Campania region of Italy.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Richard I of England was King till 3 years before his death.
Wikipedia page: Richard I of England (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Born in London, several months early and close to death's door, George III was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland, who called himself Defender of Faith by the Grace of God.
Wikipedia page: George III of the United Kingdom (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: As he was born two months prematurely and thought unlikely to survive, he was baptised the same day by Thomas Secker, who was both Rector of St James's and Bishop of Oxford.
section_header: Titles, styles and arms | Titles and styles
text: 31 March 1751 – 20 April 1751: His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh 20 April 1751 – 25 October 1760: His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales 25 October 1760 – 29 January 1820: His Majesty The KingIn Great Britain, George III used the official style "George the Third, by the Grace of God, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and so forth".
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: The word is Roman in origin.
Wikipedia page: Arthropoda (Science)
Evidence:
section_header: Etymology
text: The word arthropod comes from the Greek ἄρθρον árthron, "joint", and πούς pous (gen. podos (ποδός)), i.e. "foot" or "leg", which together mean "jointed leg".
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Willem Dafoe has Italian roots.
Wikipedia page: Willem Dafoe (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Biography | 1955–1978: Early life and acting in theater
text: He has English, French, German, Irish, and Scottish ancestry.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Ben Kingsley is an actor that is part English and French.
Wikipedia page: Ben Kingsley (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Early life
text: His father was born in Kenya and was of Gujarati Indian descent.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Giuseppe Verdi was inspired to write the music for his first major opera by a poem written about the reunification of Italy.
Wikipedia page: Giuseppe Verdi (Music)
Evidence:
section_header: Life | Childhood and education
text: It was Massini who encouraged him to write his first opera, originally titled Rocester, to a libretto by the journalist Antonio Piazza.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Victor Willis played catcher for four different teams.
Wikipedia page: Vic Willis (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: In 14 seasons in the National League (NL), he pitched for the Boston Beaneaters, Pittsburgh Pirates, and St. Louis Cardinals.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Pierce passed away due to liver complications.
Wikipedia page: Franklin Pierce (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life | Final years and death
text: He returned to Concord that September, suffering from severe cirrhosis of the liver, knowing he would not recover.
section_header: Later life | Final years and death
text: Pierce's health began to decline again in mid-1869; he resumed heavy drinking despite his deteriorating physical condition.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: A very religious man who considered his actions leading up to a Medal of Honor the product of holy intervention, Sergeant York was a life-long Republican.
Wikipedia page: Sergeant York (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: After the war | Political views
text: A consistent Democrat – "I'm a Democrat first, last, and all the time", he said – in January 1941 he praised FDR's support for Great Britain and in an address at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier on Memorial Day of that year he attacked isolationists and said that veterans understood that "liberty and freedom are so very precious that you do not fight and win them once and stop.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: England's Buckingham Palace used to have a greenhouse, but it was remodeled before World War II for another function.
Wikipedia page: Buckingham Palace (Geography)
Evidence:
section_header: Modern history
text: In 1938, the north-west pavilion, designed by Nash as a conservatory, was converted into a swimming pool.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Alfred Dreyfus was convicted for treason and served out his sentence on Devil's Island until he entered the army during World War I.
Wikipedia page: Alfred Dreyfus (History)
Evidence:
section_header: Later life | World War I
text: Dreyfus's prison sentence on Devil's Island had taken its toll on his health.
section_header: The Dreyfus affair
text: On 5 January 1895, Dreyfus was summarily convicted in a secret court martial, publicly stripped of his army rank, and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island in French Guiana.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Arsenal Football Club started in Oxford.
Wikipedia page: Arsenal F.C. (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football.
Verdict: REFUTES
Claim: Casablanca was originally named by Portuguese settlers.
Wikipedia page: Casablanca (Popular Culture)
Evidence:
section_header: Etymology
text: After the Portuguese took control of the city in the 15th century AD, they rebuilt it, changing the name to Casa Branca ([kazɐ'bɾɐ̃kɐ]), meaning 'white house' in Portuguese.
section_header: Etymology
text: The present name, which is the Spanish version (pronounced [ka̠sa̠ˈβ̞la̠ŋka̠]), came when the Portuguese kingdom was integrated in personal union to the Spanish kingdom.
Verdict: SUPPORTS
Claim: Walsh's profession was diminished due to his arm injury.
Wikipedia page: Ed Walsh (Sports)
Evidence:
section_header: Summary
text: Injuries shortened his career.
section_header: MLB career | Later career
text: After the 1912 season, Walsh reportedly requested a full year off to rest his arm.
Verdict: SUPPORTS