CASE OF AL NASHIRI v. ROMANIA
Hearing: Al Nashiri v. Romania (no. 33234/12) (Chamber hearing, 2016-06-29 00:00:00)
Application no.: 33234/12
Document type: CHAMBER
Document date: 2018-05-31 00:00:00
ECLI: ECLI:CE:ECHR:2018:0531JUD003323412
Respondent state: ROU
Articles of the Convention: 1;2;2+P6-1;2-1;3;3+P6-1;5;5-1;6;6-1;8;8-1;8-2;13;13+3;35;35-1;35-3-a;41;46;46-1;46-2;P6-1
Judges: Aleš Pejchal;Florin Streteanu;Iulia Motoc;Kristina Pardalos;Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos;Mirjana Lazarova Trajkovska;Paul Mahoney;Robert Spano
Represented by: GOLDSTON J.A. ; SKILBECK R. ; SINGH A. ; HOLLANDER N. ; HATNEANU D.O.
Strasbourg case-law cited: Abuyeva and Others v. Russia, no. 27065/05, 2 December 2010;Aksoy v. Turkey, 18 December 1996, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996-VI;Al Nashiri v. Poland, no. 28761/11, 24 July 2014;Al-Saadoon and Mufdhi v. the United Kingdom, no. 61498/08, ECHR 2010;Al-Skeini and Others v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 55721/07, § 167, ECHR 2011;Anguelova v. Bulgaria, no. 38361/97, §§ 161-162, ECHR 2002;Armani Da Silva v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 5878/08, § 233, ECHR 2016;Aslakhanova and Others v. Russia, nos. 2944/06, 8300/07, 50184/07, 332/08 and 42509/10, § 96, 18 December 2012;Aslakhanova and Others v. Russia, nos. 2944/06 and 4 others, 18 December 2012;Assanidze v. Georgia [GC], no. 71503/01, ECHR 2004-II;Assenov and Others v. Bulgaria, 28 October 1998, Reports 1998 VIII;Association “21 December 1989” and Others v. Romania, nos. 33810/07 and 18817/08, § 202, 24 May 2011;Babar Ahmad and Others v. the United Kingdom, nos. 24027/07, 11949/08, 36742/08, 66911/09 and 67354/09, § 168, 10 April 2012;Banković and Others v. Belgium and Others (dec.) [GC], no. 52207/99, §§ 59-61, ECHR 2001-XII;Benzer and Others v. Turkey, no. 23502/06, §§ 218 219, 12 November 2013;Çakıcı v. Turkey [GC], no. 23657/94, § 85, ECHR 1999-IV;Cestaro v. Italy, no. 6884/11, §§ 205-208, 7 April 201;Chahal v. the United Kingdom, 15 November 1996, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996-V;Creangă v. Romania [GC], no. 29226/03, § 88, 23 February 2012;Cyprus v. Turkey [GC], no. 25781/94, ECHR 2001 IV;El-Masri v. the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia [GC], no. 39630/09, ECHR 2012;Gentilhomme and Others v. France, nos. 48205/99, 48207/99 and 48209/99, § 20, 14 May 2002;Georgia v. Russia (I) [GC], no. 13255/07, §§ 93-94, ECHR 2014 (extracts);Hirsi Jamaa and Others v. Italy [GC], no. 27765/09, § 209, ECHR 2012;Husayn (Abu Zubaydah) v. Poland, no. 7511/13, 24 July 2014;Ilaşcu and Others v. Moldova and Russia [GC], no. 48787/99, §§ 300-304, ECHR 2004 VII;Imakayeva v. Russia, no. 7615/02, ECHR 2006 XIII (extracts);Incal v. Turkey, 9 June 1998, §§ 68 et seq. Reports 1998 IV;Ireland v. the United Kingdom, 18 January 1978, § 161, Series A no. 25;Jalloh v. Germany [GC], no. 54810/00, §§ 16-18, ECHR 2006 IX;Jeronovičs v. Latvia [GC], no. 44898/10, §§ 107 and 118, 5 July 2016;Kaboulov v. Ukraine, no. 41015/04, 19 November 2009;Kadirova and Others v. Russia, no. 5432/07, § 94, 27 March 2012;Kaya v. Turkey, 19 February 1998, § 106, Reports 1998 I;Kurt v Turkey, 25 May 1998, §§ 123-124, Reports 1998 III;Loizidou v. Turkey (preliminary objections), 23 March 1995, §§ 47 and 56 Series A no. 310;Mahmut Kaya v. Turkey, no. 22535/93, ECHR 2000-III;Mamatkulov and Askarov v. Turkey [GC], nos. 46827/99 and 46951/99, §§ 67 and 90, ECHR 2005 I;Mikheyev v. Russia, no. 77617/01, judgment of 26 January 2006;Mocanu and Others v. Romania [GC], nos. 10865/09 and 2 others, ECHR 2014 (extracts);Nachova and Others v. Bulgaria [GC], nos. 43577/98 and 43579/98, § 147, ECHR 2005 VII;Nasr and Ghali v. Italy, no. 44883/09, 23 February 2016;Öcalan v. Turkey [GC], no. 46221/99, ECHR 2005-IV;Othman (Abu Qatada) v. the United Kingdom, no. 8139/09, ECHR 2012 (extracts);Pretty v. the United Kingdom, no. 2346/02, §§ 61 and 65, ECHR 2002-III;Quinn v. France, 22 March 1995, § 42, Series A no. 311;Saadi v. Italy [GC], no. 37201/06, § 125, ECHR 2008;Salman v. Turkey [GC], no. 21986/93, § 100, ECHR 2000-VII;Sargsyan v. Azerbaijan [GC], no. 40167/06, §§ 149-150, ECHR 2015;Savriddin Dzhurayev v. Russia, no. 71386/10, §§ 138, 252-254 and 256, ECHR 2013 (extracts);Sejdovic v. Italy [GC], no. 56581/00, § 84, ECHR 2006 II;Selmouni v. France [GC], no. 25803/94, ECHR 1999 V;Soering v. the United Kingdom, 7 July 1989, Series A no. 161, § 91;Söylemez v. Turkey, no. 46661/99, § 122, 21 September 2006;Varnava and Others v. Turkey [GC], nos. 16064/90, 16065/90, 16066/90, 16068/90, 16069/90, 16070/90, 16071/90, 16072/90 and 16073/90, § 184, ECHR 2009
External sources: 2007 International Committee of the Red Cross Report;Statement of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on detention of Taliban and Al-Qaeda prisoners at the US Base in Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, 16 January 2002;Amnesty International, Memorandum to the US Government on the rights of people in US custody in Afghanistan and Guantánamo Bay, April 2002;Human Rights Watch, “United States, Presumption of Guilt: Human Rights Abuses of Post-September 11 Detainees”, Vol. 14, No. 4 (G), August 2002;International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, “Anti terrorism Measures, Security and Human Rights: Developments in Europe, Central Asia and North America in the Aftermath of September 11”, Report, April 2003;Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Resolution no. 1340 (2003) on rights of persons held in the custody of the United States in Afghanistan or Guantánamo Bay (PACE Resolution), 26 June 2003
;Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe’s inquiry – the Marty Inquiry (2006, 2007 and 2011 Marty Reports);US Department of Justice Office of Professional Responsibility Report: “Investigation into the Office of Legal Counsel’s Memoranda Concerning Issues Relating to the Central Agency’s Use of ‘Enhanced Interrogation Techniques’ on Suspected Terrorists” (2009 DOJ Report);Resolution on the alleged use of European countries by the CIA for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners (2006/22009INI);Articles 26 and 27 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (23 May 1969);Statement of the International Rehabilitation Council for Torture (IRCT) of February 2003;UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Opinion No. 29/2006, Mr Ibn al-Shaykh al-Libi and 25 other persons v. United States of America, UN Doc. A/HRC/4/40/Add.1 at 103 (2006);Human Rights Watch, “United States: Reports of Torture of Al Qaeda Suspects”, 26 December 2002;Amnesty International Report 2003 – United States of America, 28 May 2003;Amnesty International, “Unlawful detention of six men from Bosnia-Herzegovina in Guantánamo Bay”, 29 May 2003;Amnesty International, “United States of America, The threat of a bad example: Undermining international standards as ‘war on terror’ detentions continue”, 18 August 2003;Amnesty International, “Incommunicado detention/Fear of ill treatment”, 20 August 2003;International Committee of the Red Cross, United States: ICRC President urges progress on detention-related issues, news release 04/03, 16 January 2004;Human Rights Watch - Statement on US Secret Detention Facilities of 6 November 2005;Human Rights Watch – List of Ghost Prisoners Possibly in CIA Custody of 30 November 2005;2010 UN Joint Study (A/HRC/1342) of the Human Rights Council of United Nations Organisation released the “Joint Study on Global Practices in Relation to Secret Detention in the Context of Countering Terrorism of the Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms while Countering Terrorism” of 19 February 2010;The Fava Inquiry – of the Temporary Committee on the alleged use of European countries by the CIA for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners (TDIP) set up by the European Parliament on 18 January 2006;US authorities’ Report prepared by John Helgerson, the CIA Inspector General, in 2004 (2004 CIA Report);European Parliament resolution on the alleged use of European countries by the CIA for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners (2006/22009INI) of 14 February 2007;CIA background paper on the CIA’s combined interrogation techniques (2004 CIA Background Paper) of 30 December 2004;Preamble to Protocol No. 13 to the European convention of human rights;2014 US Senate Committee Report
Conclusion: Preliminary objections joined to merits and dismissed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-1) Exhaustion of domestic remedies;(Art. 35-1) Six-month period;Remainder inadmissible (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-3-a) Manifestly ill-founded;Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Effective investigation) (Procedural aspect);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Inhuman treatment) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for family life;Respect for private life);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Inhuman treatment);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Fair hearing;Impartial tribunal;Independent tribunal;Tribunal established by law);Violation of Article 2+P6-1 - Right to life (Article 2-1 - Death penalty) (Article 1 of Protocol No. 6 - Abolition of the death penalty-{general});Violation of Article 3+P6-1 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Inhuman punishment;Inhuman treatment) (Article 1 of Protocol No. 6 - Abolition of the death penalty-{general});Respondent State to take individual measures (Article 46-1 - Parties to case;Article 46-2 - Individual measures);Non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction)
Separate opinion: FALSE