CASE OF S.M. v. CROATIA
Hearing: S.M. v. Croatia (no. 60561/14) (Grand Chamber hearing, 2019-05-15 00:00:00)
Application no.: 60561/14
Document type: GRANDCHAMBER
Document date: 2020-06-25 00:00:00
ECLI: ECLI:CE:ECHR:2020:0625JUD006056114
Respondent state: HRV
Articles of the Convention: 4;4-1;41
Judges: András Sajó;Angelika Nußberger;Armen Harutyunyan;Branko Lubarda;Carlo Ranzoni;Egidijus Kūris;Georgios A. Serghides;Iulia Motoc;Jon Fridrik Kjølbro;Julia Laffranque;Kristina Pardalos;Krzysztof Wojtyczek;Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos;Pauliine Koskelo;Paulo Pinto De Albuquerque;Robert Spano;Síofra O'Leary;Vincent A. De Gaetano;Georges Ravarani;Ksenija Turković;Pere Pastor Vilanova;María Elósegui
Represented by: BEZBRADICA JELAVIĆ S.
Strasbourg case-law cited: Abdurakhmanova and Abdulgamidova v. Russia, no. 41437/10, § 76, 22 September 2015;Aktaş v. Turkey, no. 24351/94, § 271, ECHR 2003 V (extracts);Alpar v. Turkey, no. 22643/07, § 42, 26 January 2016;Armani da Silva v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 5878/08, § 233 in fine, 30 March 2016;Asllani v. the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, no. 24058/13, § 62 in fine, 10 December 2015;Beganović v. Croatia, no. 46423/06, § 68, 25 June 2009;Bouyid v. Belgium [GC], no. 23380/09, ECHR 2015;Brecknell v. the United Kingdom, no. 32457/04, § 66, 27 November 2007;C.N. and V. v. France, no. 67724/09, §§ 55 and 69, 11 October 2012;C.N. v. the United Kingdom, no. 4239/08, §§ 47-52 and 80, 13 November 2012;Chowdury and Others v. Greece, no. 21884/15, 30 March 2017;Demir and Baykara v. Turkey [GC], no. 34503/97, § 67, ECHR 2008;Denis Vasilyev v. Russia, no. 32704/04, § 100, 17 December 2009;Dimitar Shopov v. Bulgaria, no. 17253/07, § 48, 16 April 2013;Güzelyurtlu and Others v. Cyprus and Turkey [GC], no. 36925/07, § 234, 29 January 2019;Hassan v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 29750/09, § 62, ECHR 2014;Hentschel and Stark v. Germany, no. 47274/15, § 94, 9 November 2017;Hovhannisyan v. Armenia, no. 18419/13, § 55, 19 July 2018;Ilias and Ahmed v. Hungary [GC], no. 47287/15, § 177, 21 November 2019;J. and Others v. Austria, no. 58216/12, 17 January 2017;Jeronovičs v. Latvia [GC], no. 44898/10, § 103, 5 July 2016;Khamtokhu and Aksenchik v. Russia [GC], nos. 60367/08 and 961/11, § 73, 24 January 2017;L.E. v. Greece, no. 71545/12, §§ 58 and 68, 21 January 2016;M. and Others v. Italy and Bulgaria, no. 40020/03, §§ 106 and 157-158, 31 July 2012;M.G.C. v. Romania, no. 61495/11, §§ 60-61, 15 March 2016;Makaratzis v. Greece [GC], no. 50385/99, § 77, ECHR 2004 XI;Merabishvili v. Georgia [GC], no. 72508/13, §§ 371-372, 28 November 2017;Mihhailov v. Estonia, no. 64418/10, § 126, 30 August 2016;Milena Felicia Dumitrescu v. Romania, no. 28440/07, § 52, 24 March 2015;Mocanu and Others v. Romania [GC], nos. 10865/09 and 2 others, § 314, ECHR 2014 (extracts);Molla Sali v. Greece [GC], no. 20452/14, § 85, 19 December 2018;Muršić v. Croatia [GC], no. 7334/13, § 69, 20 October 2016;Mustafa Tunç and Fecire Tunç v. Turkey [GC], no. 24014/05, §§ 173 and 176, 14 April 2015;Nachova and Others v. Bulgaria [GC], nos. 43577/98 and 43579/98, § 113, ECHR 2005 VII;Navalnyy v. Russia [GC], nos. 29580/12 and 4 others, §§ 58 and 65, 15 November 2018;Nicolae Virgiliu Tănase v. Romania [GC], no. 41720/13, § 171, 25 June 2019;Radomilja and Others v. Croatia [GC], nos. 37685/10 and 22768/12, §§ 121-122 and 126, 20 March 2018;Rantsev v. Cyprus and Russia, no. 25965/04, ECHR 2010 (extracts);Sarbyanova-Pashaliyska and Pashaliyska v. Bulgaria, no. 3524/14, § 37, 12 January 2017;Schatschaschwili v. Germany [GC], no. 9154/10, §§ 101 and 103-104, ECHR 2015;Siliadin v. France, no. 73316/01, §§ 115-117, ECHR 2005 VII;Söderman v. Sweden [GC], no. 5786/08, §§ 90-91, ECHR 2013;Stummer v. Austria [GC], no. 37452/02, § 117, ECHR 2011;Tsalikidis and Others v. Greece, no. 73974/14, § 86, 16 November 2017;V.T. v. France, no. 37194/02, §§ 26 and 35, 11 September 2007;Van der Mussele v. Belgium, 23 November 1983, §§ 34-37, Series A no. 70;Y. v. Slovenia, no. 41107/10, § 96, ECHR 2015 (extracts);Zubac v. Croatia [GC], no. 40160/12, §§ 52-55, 5 April 2018
External sources: 1927 Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery;1956 Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery;1930 Forced Labour Convention (Convention No. 29) of the International Labour Organisation (ILO);Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (Palermo Protocol);Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (Anti Trafficking Convention) entered into force on 1 February 2008 and ratified by Croatia on 5 September 2007;The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (“UNCTOC”), signed on 12-15 December 2000 and entered into force on 29 September 2003
Conclusion: Violation of Article 4 - Prohibition of slavery and forced labour (Article 4 - Positive obligations;Effective investigation;Article 4-1 - Trafficking in human beings);Non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction)
Separate opinion: TRUE