CASE OF SELAHATTİN DEMİRTAŞ v. TURKEY (No. 2)
Hearing: Selahattin Demirtaş v. Turkey (no. 2) (no. 14305/17) (Grand Chamber hearing, 2019-09-18 00:00:00)
Application no.: 14305/17
Document type: GRANDCHAMBER
Document date: 2020-12-22 00:00:00
ECLI: ECLI:CE:ECHR:2020:1222JUD001430517
Respondent state: TUR
Articles of the Convention: 5;5-1;5-1-c;5-3;5-4;10;10-1;10-2;18;18+5;34;35;35-1;35-2-b;41;46;46-2;P1-3
Judges: Alena Poláčková;Aleš Pejchal;André Potocki;Angelika Nußberger;Armen Harutyunyan;Egidijus Kūris;Helen Keller;Jon Fridrik Kjølbro;Krzysztof Wojtyczek;Ledi Bianku;Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos;Mārtiņš Mits;Paul Lemmens;Pauliine Koskelo;Robert Spano;Vincent A. De Gaetano;Yonko Grozev;Gabriele Kucsko-Stadlmayer;Ksenija Turković;Tim Eicke
Represented by: KARAMAN M. ; DEMIRTAŞ GÖKALP A. ; MOLU B. ; DEMIR R. ; ALTIPARMAK K.
Issue: Articles 83, 85, 148 and Provisional Article 20 of the Constitution and its explanatory memorandum ; Articles 100 et seq., 141 § 1(a) and (d) of the Code of Criminal Procedure ; Articles 214 § 1, 314 §§ 1 and 2 of the Criminal Code 

Strasbourg case-law cited: A. v. the United Kingdom, no 35373/97, § 79, 17 December 2002;A.M. v. France, no 12148/18, § 66, 29 April 2019;A.Ş. v. Turkey, no 58271/10, § 94, 13 September 2016;Akdivar and Others v. Turkey, 16 September 1996, § 68, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1996 IV;Aksoy v. Turkey, 18 December 1996, § 70, Reports 1996 VI;Aleksanyan v. Russia, no 46468/06, §§ 239-240, 22 December 2008;Aliyev v. Azerbaijan, nos. 68762/14 and 71200/14, § 152, 20 September 2018;Allan v. the United Kingdom, no 48539/99, § 43, ECHR 2002 IX;Alparslan Altan v. Turkey, no 12778/17, §§ 127-130 and 139, 16 April 2019;Assanidze v. Georgia [GC], no 71503/01, §§ 169 and 202-203, ECHR 2004 II;Baka v. Hungary [GC], no 20261/12, § 117, 23 June 2016;Borisenko v. Ukraine, no 25725/02, §§ 41 42, 12 January 2012;Bowman v. the United Kingdom, 19 February 1998, § 42, Reports 1998 I;Buzadji v. the Republic of Moldova [GC], no 23755/07, §§ 84-91 and 102, 5 July 2016;Bykov v. Russia [GC], no 4378/02, § 110, 10 March 2009;C.G.I.L. and Cofferati v. Italy, no 46967/07, § 71, 24 February 2009;Castells v. Spain, 23 April 1992, Series A no 236;Cebotari v. Moldova, no 35615/06, §§ 52 53, 13 November 2007;Celniku v. Greece, no 21449/04, § 40, 5 July 2007;Centro Europa 7 S.r.l. and Di Stefano v. Italy [GC], no 38433/09, §§ 140-142, ECHR 2012;Çiçek v. Turkey (dec.), no 72774/10, § 62, 3 March 2015;Cordova v. Italy (no 1), no 40877/98, § 59, ECHR 2003 I;Cordova v. Italy (no 2), no 45649/99, § 60, ECHR 2003 I (extracts);Cristea v. the Republic of Moldova, no 35098/12, § 25, 12 February 2019;Cüneyt Polat v. Turkey, no 32211/07, § 49, 13 November 2014;De Jorio v. Italy, no 73936/01, § 52, 3 June 2004;Decision on the competence of the Court to give an advisory opinion, § 31, ECHR 2004-VI;Del Río Prada v. Spain [GC], no 42750/09, §§ 138-139, ECHR 2013;Delfi AS v. Estonia [GC], no 64569/09, §§ 120-122, ECHR 2015;Demir v. Turkey (dec.), no 51770/07, §§ 22-26, 16 October 2012;Dervishi v. Croatia, no 67341/10, §§ 124 125, 25 September 2012;Dolenec v. Croatia, no 25282/06, §§ 184-185, 26 November 2009;Etxeberria and Others v. Spain, nos. 35579/03 and 3 others, § 48, 30 June 2009;Fatullayev v. Azerbaijan, no 40984/07, §§ 176-177, 22 April 2010;Fédération hellénique des syndicats des employés du secteur bancaire v. Greece (dec.), no 72808/10, §§ 32-45, 6 December 2011;Féret v. Belgium, no 15615/07, § 65, 16 July 2009;Fernández Martínez v. Spain [GC], no 56030/07, § 117, ECHR 2014 (extracts);Fox, Campbell and Hartley v. the United Kingdom, 30 August 1990, §§ 32 and 34, Series A no 182;Gäfgen v. Germany [GC], no 22978/05, §§ 115 and 164, ECHR 2010;Gavril Yosifov v. Bulgaria, no 74012/01, §§ 41 and 43, 6 November 2008;Gherghina v. Romania [GC] (dec.), no 42219/07, § 85, 9 July 2015;Gorzelik and Others v. Poland [GC], no 44158/98, § 65, ECHR 2004 I;Grosaru v. Romania, no 78039/01, § 47, ECHR 2010;Güler and Uğur v. Turkey, nos. 31706/10 and 33088/10, §§ 47, 50 and 52, 2 December 2014;Gürdeniz v. Turkey (dec.), no 59715/10, § 41, 18 March 2014;Ilaşcu and Others v. Moldova and Russia [GC], no 48787/99, §§ 461 and 490, ECHR 2004-VII;Ilgar Mammadov v. Azerbaijan (infringement proceedings) [GC], no 15172/13, § 182, 29 May 2019;Ilgar Mammadov v. Azerbaijan, no 15172/13, 22 May 2014;Ilias and Ahmed v. Hungary [GC], no 47287/15, §§ 167-178, 21 November 2019;Ilıcak v. Turkey, no 15394/02, § 30, 5 April 2007;Ilnseher v. Germany [GC], nos. 10211/12 and 27505/14, §§ 251-256, 4 December 2018;Jėčius v. Lithuania, no 34578/97, § 50, ECHR 2000 IX;Jerusalem v. Austria, no 26958/95, § 36, ECHR 2001 II;Kandjov v. Bulgaria, no 68294/01, § 57, 6 November 2008;Karácsony and Others v. Hungary [GC], nos. 42461/13 and 44357/13, 17 May 2016;Karoussiotis v. Portugal, no 23205/08, §§ 57-76, ECHR 2011 (extracts);Kart v. Turkey [GC], no 8917/05, §§ 42, 85 and 88, ECHR 2009 (extracts);Kavakçı v. Turkey, no 71907/01, §§ 40-41, 5 April 2007;Kavala v. Turkey, no 28749/18, 10 December 2019;Kolevi v. Bulgaria (dec.), no 1108/02, 4 December 2007;Korbely v. Hungary [GC], no 9174/02, § 72, ECHR 2008;Kudrevičius and Others v. Lithuania [GC], no 37553/05, § 108, ECHR 2015;Kurić and Others v. Slovenia [GC], no 26828/06, § 259, ECHR 2012 (extracts);Letellier v. France, 26 June 1991, § 34, Series A no 207;Lindon, Otchakovsky-Laurens and July v. France [GC], nos. 21279/02 and 36448/02, § 41, ECHR 2007 IV;Lingens v. Austria, 8 July 1986, §§ 41 and 42, Series A no 103;Lukanov v. Bulgaria, no 21915/93, decision of the Commission of 12 January 1995, Decisions and Reports (DR) 80-B, p. 108;Lütfiye Zengin and Others v. Turkey, no 36443/06, 14 April 2015;Lykourezos v. Greece, no 33554/03, §§ 54-56, ECHR 2006 VIII;Maestri v. Italy [GC], no 39748/98, § 30, ECHR 2004 I;Magyar Helsinki Bizottság v. Hungary [GC], no 18030/11, § 184, 8 November 2016;Magyar Kétfarkú Kutya Párt v. Hungary [GC], no 201/17, §§ 94-97, 20 January 2020;Malone v. the United Kingdom, 2 August 1984, § 67, Series A no 82;Mammadli v. Azerbaijan, no 47145/14, §§ 52 and 104, 19 April 2018;Mathieu-Mohin and Clerfayt v. Belgium, 2 March 1987, §§ 47 and 52, Series A no 113;Mehmet Hasan Altan v. Turkey, no 13237/17, 20 March 2018;Merabishvili v. Georgia [GC], no 72508/13, §§ 222-225 and 287-317, 28 November 2017;Mergen and Others v. Turkey, nos. 44062/09 and 4 others, § 48, 31 May 2016;Mikolenko v. Estonia (dec.), no 16944/03, 5 January 2006;Molla Sali v. Greece [GC], no 20452/14, §§ 89-91, 19 December 2018;Mooren v. Germany [GC], no 11364/03, § 72, 9 July 2009;Mugemangango v. Belgium [GC], no 310/15, § 67, 10 July 2020;Murray v. the United Kingdom, 28 October 1994, § 55, Series A no 300-A;Murtazaliyeva v. Russia [GC], no 36658/05, § 88, 18 December 2018;Mustafa Avci v. Turkey, no 39322/12, § 60, 23 May 2017;Năstase v. Romania (dec.), no 80563/12, § 109, 18 November 2014;Navalnyy v. Russia [GC], nos. 29580/12 and 4 others, 15 November 2018;O’Hara v. the United Kingdom, no 37555/97, §§ 34-35, ECHR 2001 X;Olsson v. Sweden (no 1), 24 March 1988, § 61, Series A no 130;Otegi Mondragon v. Spain, no 2034/07, § 50, ECHR 2011;Paşa Bayraktar and Aydınkaya v. Turkey, no 38337/12, §§ 24-31, 16 May 2017;Pastörs v. Germany, no 55225/14, § 38, 3 October 2019;Patrono, Cascini and Stefanelli v. Italy, no 10180/04, § 61, 20 April 2006;Peraldi v. France (dec.), no 2096/05, 7 April 2009;Piotr Baranowski v. Poland, no 39742/05, §§ 45-46, 2 October 2007;Podkolzina v. Latvia, no 46726/99, § 33, ECHR 2002 II;Poyraz v. Turkey (dec.), no 21235/11, § 53, 17 February 2015;Radomilja and Others v. Croatia [GC], nos. 37685/10 and 22768/12, § 119, 20 March 2018;Rahmani and Dineva v. Bulgaria, no 20116/08, §§ 66 and 68, 10 May 2012;Ramos Nunes de Carvalho e Sá v. Portugal [GC], nos. 55391/13 and 2 others, § 109, 6 November 2018;Rasul Jafarov v. Azerbaijan, no 69981/14, § 162, 17 March 2016;Riza and Others v. Bulgaria, nos. 48555/10 and 48377/10, § 141, 13 October 2015;Roman Zakharov v. Russia [GC], no 47143/06, §§ 228 and 230, ECHR 2015;Rooman v. Belgium [GC], no 18052/11, § 123, 31 January 2019;Rotaru v. Romania [GC], no 28341/95, § 52, ECHR 2000-V;S., V. and A. v. Denmark [GC], nos. 35553/12 and 2 others, § 73, 22 October 2018;Sadak and Others v. Turkey (no 2), nos. 25144/94 and 8 others, §§ 31 and 33, ECHR 2002 IV;Şahin Alpay v. Turkey, no 16538/17, 20 March 2018;Satakunnan Markkinapörssi Oy and Satamedia Oy v. Finland [GC], no 931/13, §§ 144-219, 27 June 2017;Scordino v. Italy (no 1) [GC], no 36813/97, §§ 179-180, ECHR 2006 V;Sejdovic v. Italy [GC], no 56581/00, § 46, ECHR 2006-II;Selmouni v. France [GC], no 25803/94, § 76, ECHR 1999 V;Sılay v. Turkey, no 8691/02, § 27, 5 April 2007;Sobacı v. Turkey, no 26733/02, § 26, 29 November 2007;Stanev v. Bulgaria [GC], no 36760/06, § 143, ECHR 2012;Svinarenko and Slyadnev v. Russia [GC], nos. 32541/08 and 43441/08, § 82, ECHR 2014 (extracts);Tănase v. Moldova [GC], no 7/08, §§ 105 and 154, ECHR 2010;Tomasi v. France, 27 August 1992, § 83, Series A no 241 A;Ulemek v. Croatia, no 21613/16, §§ 72-74, 31 October 2019;Uspaskich v. Lithuania, no 14737/08, § 94, 20 December 2016;Vallianatos and Others v. Greece [GC], nos. 29381/09 and 32684/09, § 52, ECHR 2013 (extracts);Vedat Doğru v. Turkey, no 2469/10, § 37, 5 April 2016;Vučković and Others v. Serbia (preliminary objection) [GC], nos. 17153/11 and 29 others, § 74, 25 March 2014;Waite and Kennedy v. Germany [GC], no 26083/94, § 54, ECHR 1999 I;Weeks v. the United Kingdom, 2 March 1987, § 40, Series A no 114;Wemhoff v. Germany, 27 June 1968, p. 23, § 9, Series A no 7;Włoch v. Poland, no 27785/95, §§ 108-109, ECHR 2000 XI;Yavuz and Yaylalı v. Turkey, no 12606/11, § 51, 17 December 2013;Yüksel and Others v. Turkey, nos. 55835/09 and 2 others, § 52, 31 May 2016;Ždanoka v. Latvia [GC], no 58278/00, §§ 102 and 115, ECHR 2006 IV;Zollmann v. the United Kingdom (dec.), no 62902/00, ECHR 2003 XII
External sources: Opinion of the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission) on Articles 216, 299, 301 and 314 of the Turkish Criminal Code;Opinion of the Venice Commission on the suspension of the second paragraph of Article 83 of the Constitution;Memorandum by the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights following his visits to Turkey in 2016;Amnesty International 2017/18 report on the state of the world’s human rights 

Conclusion: Preliminary objections dismissed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-1) Exhaustion of domestic remedies;(Art. 35-1) Effective domestic remedy;(Art. 35-2-b) Matter already submitted to another international procedure;Preliminary objection dismissed (Art. 34) Individual applications;(Art. 34) Victim;Violation of Article 10 - Freedom of expression-{general} (Article 10-1 - Freedom of expression);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention;Article 5-1-c - Reasonable suspicion);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-3 - Reasonableness of pre-trial detention);No violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-4 - Speediness of review);Violation of Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 - Right to free elections-{general} (Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 - Free expression of the opinion of the people;Stand for election);Violation of Article 18+5 - Limitation on use of restrictions on rights (Article 18 - Restrictions for unauthorised purposes) (Article 5 - Right to liberty and security;Article 5-1 - Lawful arrest or detention);Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction);Respondent State to take individual measures (Article 46-2 - Individual measures)
Separate opinion: TRUE