CASE OF M.A. v. DENMARK
Hearing: M.A. v. Denmark (no. 6697/18) (Grand Chamber hearing, 2020-06-10 00:00:00)
Application no.: 6697/18
Document type: GRANDCHAMBER
Document date: 2021-07-09 00:00:00
ECLI: ECLI:CE:ECHR:2021:0709JUD000669718
Respondent state: DNK
Articles of the Convention: 8;8-1;41
Represented by: DAHLAGER C.
Issue: Sections 7(1)-(3), 9(1)(i)(d) and 9c(1) of the Aliens Act (as amended by Act No. 153 of 18 February 2015, Act No. 102 of 3 February 2016 and Act No. 562 of 29 May 2018) ; Section 63 of the Danish Constitution
Strasbourg case-law cited: A, B and C v. Ireland [GC], no. 25579/05, ECHR 2010;Abdulaziz, Cabales and Balkandali v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 28 May 1985, §§ 59-68, Series A no. 94, p. 94;Ahmut v. the Netherlands, no. 21702/93, 28 November 1996;Animal Defenders International v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 48876/08, § 108, ECHR 2013;Antwi and Others v. Norway, no. 26940/10, 14 February 2012;Baghli v. France, no. 34374/97, ECHR 1999 VIII;Berisha v. Switzerland, no. 948/12, 30 July 2013;Berrehab v. the Netherlands, no. 10730/84, 21 June 1988;Biao v. Denmark [GC], no. 38590/10, 24 May 2016;Bouchelkia v. France, judgment of 29 January 1997, Reports 1997-I;Butt v. Norway, no. 47017/09, §§ 76 and 87, 4 December 2012;Chandra and Others v. the Netherlands no. 53102/99, 13 May 2003;Correia de Matos v. Portugal [GC], no. 56402/12, § 129, 4 April 2018;Cudak v. Lithuania [GC], no. 15869/02, § 82, ECHR 2010;Darren Omoregie and Others v. Norway, no. 265/07, 31 July 2008;Dudgeon v. the United Kingdom (Article 50), 24 February 1983, § 22, Series A no. 59;Ghatet v. Switzerland, no. 56971/10, § 49, 8 November 2016;Gül v. Switzerland, no. 23218/94, 19 February 1996;Hasanbasic v. Switzerland, no. 52166/09, §§ 57-67, 11 June 2013;Haydarie v. the Netherlands (dec.), no. 8876/04, 20 October 2005;Hirsi Jamaa and Others v. Italy [GC], no. 27765/09, § 122, ECHR 2012;Hode and Abdi v. the United Kingdom, no. 22341/09, § 66, 6 November 2012;I.A.A. v. the United Kingdom (dec.), no. 25960/13, 8 March 2016;I.M. v. Switzerland, no. 23887/16, § 72, 9 April 2019;Ilias and Ahmed v. Hungary [GC], no. 47287/15, §§ 155 and 213, 21 November 2019;Jeunesse v. the Netherlands [GC], no. 12738/10, § 107, 3 October 2014;Khlaifia and Others v. Italy, no. 16483/12, 15 December 2016;Konstatinov v. the Netherlands, no. 16351/03, § 50, 26 April 2007;Lekić v. Slovenia [GC], no. 36480/07, § 108, 11 December 2018;Levakovic v. Denmark, no. 7841/14, § 45, 23 October 2018;Mehemi v. France (no. 2), no. 53470/99, § 45, ECHR 2003 IV;Muhammad and Muhammad v. Romania [GC], no. 80982/12, § 122, 15 October 2020;Nacic and Others v. Sweden, no. 16567/10, 15 May 2012;Ndidi v. the United Kingdom, no. 41215/14, § 76, 14 September 2017;Nunez v. Norway, no. 55597/09, 28 June 2011;Paposhvili v. Belgium [GC], no. 41738/10, § 221, 13 December 2016;Priya v. Denmark (dec.) no. 13594/03, 6 July 2016;Rodrigues da Silva and Hoogkamer v. the Netherlands, no. 50435/99, ECHR 2006 I;Salem v. Denmark, no. 77036/11, § 81, 1 December 2016;Sen v. the Netherlands, no. 31465/96, § 40, 21 December 2001;Senigo Longue and Others v. France, no. 19113/09, 10 July 2014;Stec and Others v. the United Kingdom (dec.) [GC], nos. 65731/01 and 65900/01, § 48, ECHR 2005 X;Strand Lobben and Others v. Norway [GC], no. 37283/13, 10 September 2019;Tanda Muzinga v. France, no. 2260/10, 10 July 2014;Tuquabo-Tekle and Others v. the Netherlands, no. 60665/00, 1 December 2005
External sources: Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, Realising the right to family reunification of refugees in Europe (June 2017);Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Resolution 2243 (2018) on Family reunification of refugees and migrants in the Council of Europe member States;Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union;Council Directive 2003/86/EC of 22 September 2003 on the right to family reunification;Council Directive 2001/55/EC of 20 July 2001 on minimum standards for giving temporary protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced persons and on measures promoting a balance of efforts between Member States in receiving such persons and bearing the consequences thereof (“the Temporary Protection Directive”);Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted (“the recast Qualification Directive);1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees;UN Human Rights Committee sixth period report on Denmark (15 August 2016);UNHCR, Summary Conclusions on the Right to Family Life and Family Unity in the Context of Family Reunification of Refugees and Other Persons In Need Of International Protection (4 December 2017)
Conclusion: Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8 - Positive obligations;Article 8-1 - Respect for family life);Non-pecuniary damage - award (Article 41 - Non-pecuniary damage;Just satisfaction)
Separate opinion: TRUE