CASE OF O'KEEFFE v. IRELAND
Hearing: O’Keeffe v. Ireland (no. 35810/09) (Grand Chamber hearing, 2013-03-06 00:00:00)
Application no.: 35810/09
Document type: GRANDCHAMBER
Document date: 2014-01-28 00:00:00
ECLI: ECLI:CE:ECHR:2014:0128JUD003581009
Respondent state: IRL
Articles of the Convention: 3;13;13+3;34;35;35-1;35-3;41
Judges: Alvina Gyulumyan;André Potocki;Angelika Nußberger;Ann Power-Forde;Dean Spielmann;Ganna Yudkivska;Guido Raimondi;Ineta Ziemele;Isabelle Berro-Lefèvre;Josep Casadevall;Karel Jungwiert;Krzysztof Wojtyczek;Mark Villiger;Nebojša Vučinić;Nona Tsotsoria;Vincent A. De Gaetano;Zdravka Kalaydjieva
Represented by: CANTILLON E.
Issue: Section 4 of the School Attendance Act 1926 ; Article 42 of the Constitution 1937 ; Children Act 1908 ; Section 14 of the Education Act 1998 ; Rules for National Schools 1965 ; Sections 50 and 51 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 ; Sections 1, 2, 14 of the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act 1935 ; Section 176 of the Criminal Justice Act 2006
Strasbourg case-law cited: A, B and C v. Ireland [GC], no. 25579/05, § 281, ECHR 2010;A. v. the United Kingdom, 23 September 1998, § 22, Reports 1998 VI;Airey v. Ireland, 9 October 1979, § 25, Series A no. 32;August v. the United Kingdom (dec.), no. 36505/02, 21 January 2003;Beganović v. Croatia, no. 46423/06, § 71, 25 June 2009;C.A.S. and C.S. v. Romania, no. 26692/05, 20 March 2012;Calvelli and Ciglio v. Italy [GC], no. 32967/96, ECHR 2002 I;Campbell and Cosans v. the United Kingdom, 25 February 1982, § 8, Series A no. 48;Caraher v. the United Kingdom (dec.), no. 24520/94, ECHR 2000 I;Costello-Roberts v. the United Kingdom, 25 March 1993, § 27, Series A no. 247 C;D. v. Ireland (dec.), no. 26499/02, § 85, 27 June 2006;D.P. and J.C. v. the United Kingdom, no. 38719/97, § 109, 10 October 2002;Dalban v. Romania [GC], no. 28114/95, § 44, ECHR 1999-VI;E. and Others v. the United Kingdom, no. 33218/96, § 112, 26 November 2002;El Masri v. "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" [GC], no. 39630/09, § 269, ECHR 2012;Gäfgen v. Germany [GC], no. 22978/05, § 115 and 118, ECHR 2010;Grzelak v. Poland, no. 7710/02, § 87, 15 June 2010;Hay v. the United Kingdom (dec.), no. 41894/98, ECHR 2000 XI;Ilbeyi Kemaloğlu and Meriye Kemaloğlu v. Turkey, no. 19986/06, § 35, 10 April 2012;Jeličić v. Bosnia and Herzegovina (dec.), no. 41183/02, 15 November 2005;Juppala v. Finland, no. 18620/03, § 42, 2 December 2008;Leja v. Latvia, no. 71072/01, § 46, 14 June 2011;M.C. v. Bulgaria, no. 39272/98, §§ 149-150, ECHR 2003 XII;Mahmut Kaya v. Turkey, no. 22535/93, § 115, ECHR 2000 III;Marckx v. Belgium, 13 June 1979, § 31, Series A no. 31;McFarlane v. Ireland [GC], no. 31333/06, 10 September 2010;Moreira Barbosa v. Portugal (dec.), no. 65681/01, ECHR 2004-V;O’Reilly v. Ireland, no. 24196/94, Commission decision of 22 January 1996;Odièvre v. France [GC], no. 42326/98, § 22, ECHR 2003 III;Osman v. the United Kingdom, 28 October 1998, Reports 1998 VIII;Scordino v. Italy (no. 1) [GC], no. 36813/97, §§ 214-215, ECHR 2006 V;Shkalla v. Albania, no. 26866/05, § 61, 10 May 2011;Storck v. Germany, no. 61603/00, § 103, ECHR 2005 V;T.W. v. Malta [GC], no. 25644/94, § 34, 29 April 1999;Valiuliene v. Lithuania, no. 33234/07, § 87, 26 March 2013;Van der Mussele v. Belgium, 23 November 1983, Series A no. 70;Varnava and Others v. Turkey [GC], nos. 16064/90, 16065/90, 16066/90, 16068/90, 16069/90, 16070/90, 16071/90, 16072/90 and 16073/90, § 140, ECHR 2009;X and Others v. Austria [GC], no. 19010/07, § 163, 19 February 2013;X and Y v. the Netherlands, 26 March 1985, Series A no. 91, §§ 21–27;Z and Others v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 29392/95, ECHR 2001 V
External sources: Carrigan Report 1931;Cussen and Kennedy reports on reformatory and industrial schools;Ryan Report on reformatory and industrial schools;Ferns Report 2005;Murphy Report 2009;Cloyne Report 2011;Recommendation of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 561 entitled "Protection of Minors against ill-treatment";Article 7 of the European Social Charter 1961;Recommendation No. R (79) 17 of the Committee of Ministers on the protection of children against ill-treatment;Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child;UN Declaration of the Rights of the Child 1959;Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948;Article 24 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights;Article 2 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights;International Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989
Conclusion: Preliminary objection dismissed (Article 35-1 - Exhaustion of domestic remedies);Preliminary objection dismissed (Article 34 - Victim);Preliminary objection joined to merits and dismissed (Article 35-3 - Manifestly ill-founded);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment;Positive obligations) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Degrading treatment;Inhuman treatment;Prohibition of torture);No violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Effective investigation) (Procedural aspect);Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage - award
Separate opinion: TRUE