CASE OF HUSAYN (ABU ZUBAYDAH) v. POLAND
Hearing: Al Nashiri v. Poland (no. 28761/11) and Husayn (Abu Zubaydah) v. Poland (no. 7511/13) (Chamber hearing, 2013-12-03 00:00:00)
Application no.: 7511/13
Document type: CHAMBER
Document date: 2014-07-24 00:00:00
ECLI: ECLI:CE:ECHR:2014:0724JUD000751113
Respondent state: POL
Articles of the Convention: 3;5;5-1;6;6-1;8;8-1;8-2;13;13+3;13+5;13+8;35;35-1;38;41;52
Judges: George Nicolaou;Ineta Ziemele;Krzysztof Wojtyczek;Ledi Bianku;Päivi Hirvelä;Vincent A. De Gaetano;Zdravka Kalaydjieva
Represented by: HUGHES P. ; DUFFY H. ; VANDOVA V. ; MARGULIES J. ; MICKUM G.B. ; JANKOWSKI B.
Issue: Ordinance of the Minister of Justice of 20 February 2012 on the handling of transcripts of questioning and other documents or items covered by the duty to maintain secrecy of classified information or the duty of secrecy related to the exercise of a profession or function ; Law of 22 January 1999 on protection of classified information ; Law of 5 August 2010 on protection of classified information ; Articles 10 § 1, 303 and 304 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
Strasbourg case-law cited: A. and Others v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 3455/05, §§ 216-218, ECHR 2009;A. v. the United Kingdom, 23 September 1998, § 22 Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998 VI;Aksoy v. Turkey, 18 December 1996, § 64, Reports 1996-VI;Al Nashiri v. Poland, no. 28761/11, §§ 17-19;Al Adsani v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 35763/97, §§ 26-31, ECHR 2001 XI;Al-Saadoon and Mufdhi v. the United Kingdom, no. 61498/08, § 149, ECHR 2010;Al-Skeini and Others v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 55721/07, § 167;Anguelova v. Bulgaria, no. 38361/97, § 140, ECHR 2002 IV;Aslakhanova and Others v. Russia, nos. 2944/06, 8300/07, 50184/07, 332/08 and 42509/10, 18 December 2012;Assenov and Others v. Bulgaria, 28 October 1998, § 102, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998 VIII;Babar Ahmad and Others v. the United Kingdom, nos. 24027/07, 11949/08, 36742/08, 66911/09 and 67354/09, § 168, 10 April 2012;Çakıcı v. Turkey [GC], no. 23657/94, § 85, ECHR 1999-IV;Chahal v. the United Kingdom, 15 November 1996, § 79, Reports 1996-V;Creangă v. Romania [GC], no. 29226/03, § 88, 23 February 2012;Cyprus v. Turkey [GC], no. 25781/94, §§ 107-111, ECHR 2001 IV;Cyprus v. Turkey, no. 25781/95, Commission’s Report of 4 June 1999, §§ 41-45 and 138;D.F. v. Latvia, no. 11160/07, § 85, 29 October 2013;Davydov and Others v. Ukraine, nos. 17674/02 and 39081/02, § 174, 1 July 2010;Dedovskiy and Others v. Russia, no. 7178/03, § 107, ECHR 2008 (extracts);Egmez v. Cyprus, no. 30873/96, § 78, ECHR 2000-XII;El-Masri v. the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia [GC], no. 39630/09, § …, ECHR 2012;Estamirov and Others v. Russia, no. 60272/00, §§ 72 and 80, 12 October 2006;Ilaşcu and Others v. Moldova and Russia [GC], no. 48787/99, §§ 188-211, ECHR 2004 VII;İlhan v. Turkey [GC], no. 22277/93, § 85, ECHR 2000 VII;Imakayeva v. Russia, no. 7615/02, ECHR 2006 XIII (extracts);Incal v. Turkey, 9 June 1998, § 68 et seq., Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998 IV;Ireland v. the United Kingdom, 18 January 1978, § 162, Series A no. 25;Ireland v. the United Kingdom, Commission’s Report of 25 January 1976, §§ 138 140, Series B no. 23-I;Jalloh v. Germany [GC], no. 54810/00, ECHR 2006 IX;Janowiec and Others v. Russia [GC], nos. 55508/07 and 29520/09, ECHR 2013- ...;Kaboulov v. Ukraine, no. 41015/04, § 99, 19 November 2009;Kadirova and Others v. Russia, no. 5432/07, 27 March 2012;Kaya v. Turkey, 19 February 1998, § 106, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998 I;Krastanov v. Bulgaria, no. 50222/99, § 53, 30 September 2004;Kudła v. Poland [GC], no. 30210/96, § 92, ECHR 2000 XI;Kurt v. Turkey, 25 May 1998, §§ 123-124, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998 III;Labita v. Italy [GC], no. 26772/95, § 119, ECHR 2000 IV;Mahmut Kaya v. Turkey, no. 22535/93, § 115, ECHR 2000 III;Mamatkulov and Askarov v. Turkey [GC], nos. 46827/99 and 46951/99, §§ 90-91, ECHR 2005 I;Nachova and Others v. Bulgaria [GC], nos. 43577/98 and 43579/98, § 147, ECHR 2005 VII;Nevmerzhitsky v. Ukraine, no. 54825/00, § 77, ECHR 2005-II (extracts);Nolan and K. v. Russia, no. 2512/04, § 56, 12 February 2009;Öcalan v. Turkey [GC], no. 46221/99, § 179, ECHR 2005 IV;Othman (Abu Qatada) v. the United Kingdom, no. 8139/09, §§ 233 and 285, ECHR 2012 (extracts);Pretty v. the United Kingdom, no. 2346/02, §§ 61 and 65, ECHR 2002 III;Quinn v. France, 22 March 1995, § 42, Series A no. 311;Saadi v. Italy [GC], no. 37201/06, § 125, ECHR 2008;Salman v. Turkey [GC], no. 21986/93, § 100, ECHR 2000-VII;Sejdovic v. Italy [GC], no. 56581/00, § 84, ECHR 2006 II;Selmouni v. France [GC], no. 25803/94, §§ 13-24, ECHR 1999 V;Shakhgiriyeva and Others v. Russia, no. 27251/03, 8 January 2009;Shamayev and Others v. Georgia and Russia, no. 36378/02, ECHR 2005 III;Soering v. the United Kingdom, 7 July 1989, §§ 90-91 and 113, Series A no. 161;Söylemez v. Turkey, no. 46661/99, § 122, 21 September 2006;Tahsin Acar v. Turkey [GC], no. 26307/95, §§ 253-254, ECHR 2004 III;Tangiyeva v. Russia, no. 57935/00, §§ 73-77, 29 November 2007;Tanrıkulu v. Turkey [GC], no. 23763/94, § 70, ECHR 1999 IV;Timurtaş v. Turkey, no. 23531/94, §§ 66 and 70, ECHR 2000 VI;Utsayeva and Others v. Russia, no. 29133/03, §§ 149-153, 29 May 2008;Varnava and Others v. Turkey [GC], nos. 16064/90, 16065/90, 16066/90, 16068/90, 16069/90, 16070/90, 16071/90, 16072/90 and 16073/90, § 184, ECHR 2009;Z and Others v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 29392/95, § 73, ECHR 2001 V;Zubayrayev v. Russia, no. 67797/01, §§ 74-77, 10 January 2008
External sources: 2007 International Committee of the Red Cross Report;Statement of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on detention of Taliban and Al-Qaeda prisoners at the US Base in Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, 16 January 2002;Amnesty International, Memorandum to the US Government on the rights of people in US custody in Afghanistan and Guantánamo Bay, April 2002;Human Rights Watch, “United States, Presumption of Guilt: Human Rights Abuses of Post-September 11 Detainees”, Vol. 14, No. 4 (G), August 2002;International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, “Anti terrorism Measures, Security and Human Rights: Developments in Europe, Central Asia and North America in the Aftermath of September 11”, Report, April 2003;Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Resolution no. 1340 (2003) on rights of persons held in the custody of the United States in Afghanistan or Guantánamo Bay, 26 June 2003;Parliamentary Assembly’s inquiry – the Marty Inquiry;US Department of Justice Office of Professional Responsibility Report: “Investigation into the Office of Legal Counsel’s Memoranda Concerning Issues Relating to the Central Agency’s Use of ‘Enhanced Interrogation Techniques’ on Suspected Terrorists” (“the 2009 DOJ Report”);Resolution on the alleged use of European countries by the CIA for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners (2006/22009INI);Articles 26 and 27 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (23 May 1969);Statement of the International Rehabilitation Council for Torture;UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Opinion No. 29/2006, Mr Ibn al-Shaykh al-Libi and 25 other persons v. United States of America, UN Doc. A/HRC/4/40/Add.1 at 103 (2006);Human Rights Watch, “United States: Reports of Torture of Al Qaeda Suspects”, 26 December 2002;Amnesty International Report 2003 – United States of America, 28 May 2003;Amnesty International, “Unlawful detention of six men from Bosnia-Herzegovina in Guantánamo Bay”, 29 May 2003;Amnesty International, “United States of America, The threat of a bad example: Undermining international standards as ‘war on terror’ detentions continue”, 18 August 2003;Amnesty International, “Incommunicado detention/Fear of ill treatment”, 20 August 2003;International Committee of the Red Cross, United States: ICRC President urges progress on detention-related issues, news release 04/03, 16 January 2004;Human Rights Watch - Statement on US Secret Detention Facilities of 6 November 2005;Human Rights Watch – List of Ghost Prisoners Possibly in CIA Custody of 30 November 2005;2010 UN Joint Study;2010 UN Human Rights Committee Observations;2006 and 2007 Marty Report;Parliamentary Assembly’s inquiry – The Fava Inquiry;Center for Human Rights and Global Justice Report;Report prepared by John Helgerson, the CIA Inspector General, in 2004 (“the 2004 CIA Report”);TDIP transcript of “Exchange of views with [M.P.], former director of Szczytno/Szymany airport in Poland”;Resolution on the alleged use of European countries by the CIA for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners (2006/22009INI);30 December 2004 CIA background paper on the CIA’s combined interrogation techniques;Preamble to Protocol No. 13 to the European convention of human rights
Conclusion: Preliminary objection joined to merits and dismissed (Art. 35) Admissibility criteria;(Art. 35-1) Exhaustion of domestic remedies;Violation of Article 38 - Examination of the case-{general} (Article 38 - Obligation to furnish all necessary facilities);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Effective investigation) (Procedural aspect);Violation of Article 3 - Prohibition of torture (Article 3 - Torture) (Substantive aspect);Violation of Article 5 - Right to liberty and security (Article 5-1 - Deprivation of liberty;Lawful arrest or detention;Procedure prescribed by law);Violation of Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life (Article 8-1 - Respect for family life;Respect for private life);Violation of Article 13+3 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 3 - Prohibition of torture;Effective investigation);Violation of Article 13+5 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 5-1 - Deprivation of liberty;Article 5 - Right to liberty and security);Violation of Article 13+8 - Right to an effective remedy (Article 13 - Effective remedy) (Article 8-1 - Respect for family life;Respect for private life;Article 8 - Right to respect for private and family life);Violation of Article 6 - Right to a fair trial (Article 6 - Criminal proceedings;Article 6-1 - Access to court;Fair hearing);Non-pecuniary damage - award
Separate opinion: FALSE