automatic recognition of lower facial action units
The face is an important source of information in multimodal communication. Facial expressions are generated by contractions of facial muscles, which lead to subtle changes in the area of the eyelids, eye brows, nose, lips and skin texture, often revealed by wrinkles and bulges. To measure these subtle changes, Ekman et al.[5] developed the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). FACS is a human-observer-based system designed to detect subtle changes in facial features, and describes facial expressions by action units (AUs). We present a technique to automatically recognize lower facial Action Units, independently from one another. Even though we do not explicitly take into account AU combinations, thereby making the classification process harder, an average F 1 score of 94.83\% is achieved.
facial action units svm ovl adaboost