stacking recommendation engines with additional meta-features
In this paper, we apply stacking, an ensemble learning method, to the problem of building hybrid recommendation systems. We also introduce the novel idea of using runtime metrics which represent properties of the input users/items as additional meta-features, allowing us to combine component recommendation engines at runtime based on user/item characteristics. In our system, component engines are level-1 predictors, and a level-2 predictor is learned to generate the final prediction of the hybrid system. The input features of the level-2 predictor are predictions from component engines and the runtime metrics. Experimental results show that our system outperforms each single component engine as well as a static hybrid system. Our method has the additional advantage of removing restrictions on component engines that can be employed; any engine applicable to the target recommendation task can be easily plugged into the system.
stacking meta-feature ensemble learning hybrid recommender systems content-based recommender machine learning stacked generalization collaborative filtering engine hybridization