Functions of control mechanisms in mitigating workplace loafing; evidence from an Islamic society
We developed a conceptual framework of control/loafing at the workplace. We examined the functionality of organizational control elements and self-control. We proposed that organizational control elements only affect the non-cyber loafing. We considered self-control as the moderator of the effect of organizational controls. We investigated why and when the organizational or self-control should be implemented.
organizational control self-control non-cyber loafing internet workplace deviance cyber-loafing