Role of PGC-1? signaling in skeletal muscle health and disease
This paper reviews the current understanding of the molecular basis of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-? coactivator-1? (PGC-1?)mediated pathway and discusses the role of PGC-1? in skeletal muscle atrophy caused by immobilization. PGC-1? is the master transcription regulator that stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, by upregulating nuclear respiratory factors (NRF-1, 2) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam), which leads to increased mitochondrial DNA replication and gene transcription. PGC-1? also regulates cellular oxidantantioxidant homeostasis by stimulating the gene expression of superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2), catalase, glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), and uncoupling protein (UCP). Recent reports from muscle-specific PGC-1? overexpression underline the importance of PGC-1? in atrophied skeletal muscle, demonstrate enhancement of the PGC-1? mitochondrial biogenic pathway, and reduced oxidative damage. Thus, PGC-1? appears to play a protective role against atrophy-linked skeletal muscle deterioration.
muscle atrophy pgc-1 mitochondria inflammation