Boundary effects in a phase-field approach to topology optimization
A boundary term is included in the phase-field approach which enables control of outer boundaries. The box constraints enforcing the upper and lower limits are included via an obstacle potential. The double-sided Howard policy iteration scheme is used for solving the maxmin problem. An adaptive finite element formulation is used to resolve the interfaces between void and full material. The derivation of the stationarity conditions for the objective functional is outlined in detail.
phase-field topology optimization boundary energy double obstacle problem howards algorithm