Approximation of geometric dispersion problems
We consider problems of distributing a number of points within a polygonal region P, such that the points are "far away" from each other. Problems of this type have been considered before for the case where the possible locations form a discrete set. Dispersion problems are closely related to packing problems. While Hochbaum and Maass [20] have given a polynomial-time approximation scheme for packing, we show that geometric dispersion problems cannot be approximated arbitrarily well in polynomial timer unless P = NP. A special case of this observation solves an open problem by Rosenkrantz et al. [31]. We give a 5 approximation algorithm for one version of the geometric dispersion problem. This algorithm is strongly polynomial in the size of the input, i.e., its running time does nor depend on the area of P. We also discuss extensions and open problems.
dispersion packing location problems geometric optimization bounds on approximation factors