A yield improvement technique in severe process, voltage, and temperature variations and extreme voltage scaling
Challenge: Yield reduction at subthreshold voltage caused by PVT variations. Proposed: A technique for reacting to PVT variations by forward body biasing. Delay variations and timing yield as well as energy-delay product are improved. Error rate is reduced from 50% to 1% at 0.4V. 7 Times delay variation and 4 times Energy-Delay Production improvement is gained.
process temperature forward body biasing timing yield subthreshold design voltage variations