Asymptotic bias of some election methods
Consider an election where N seats are distributed among parties with proportions p 1,,p m of the votes. We study, for the common divisor and quota methods, the asymptotic distribution, and in particular the mean, of the seat excess of a party, i.e. the difference between the number of seats given to the party and the (real) number Np i that yields exact proportionality. Our approach is to keep p 1,,p m fixed and let N??, with N random in a suitable way.
bias quota methods proportional election methods divisor methods probability of violating quota apparentements