The contingency of governments' responsiveness to the virtual public sphere: A systematic literature review and meta-synthesis
While the virtual public sphere has been studied extensively, its influence on the policy process is often left unstudied. Governments' responsiveness to citizen-initiated and government-initiated virtual public spheres differs. Policymaker, institutional, online debate and issue characteristics account for responsiveness to the virtual public sphere. Practices and attitudes of policymakers are often overlooked as responsiveness is mostly conceptualized as a policy outcome.
responsiveness public sphere systematic literature review meta-synthesis internet social media e-democracy