Time warped continuous speech signal matching using Kalman filter
Dynamic speech properties, such as time warping, silence removal and background noise reduction are the most challenging issues in continuous speech signal matching. Among all of them, the time warped speech signal matching is of great interest and has been a tough challenge for the researchers. The literature contains a variety of techniques to measure the similarity between speech utterances, however there are some limitations associated with these techniques. This paper introduces an adaptive framing based continuous speech tracking and similarity measurement approach that uses a Kalman filter (KF) as a robust tracker. The use of KF is novel for time warped speech signal matching and dynamic time warping. A dynamic state model is presented based on equations of linear motion. In this model, fixed length frame of input (test) speech signal is considered as a unidirectional moving object by sliding it along the template speech signal. The best matched position estimate in template speech (sample number) for corresponding test frame at current time is calculated. Simultaneously, another position observation is produced by a feature based distance metric. The position estimated by the state model is fused with the observation using KF along with the noise variances. The best estimated frame position in the template speech for the current state is calculated. Finally, forecasting of the noise variances and template frame size for next state are made according to the KF output. The experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed technique in terms of time warped speech signal matching as well as in computation cost.
kalman filter speech tracking dynamic time warping pattern recognition