Logics with common weak completions
We introduce the notion of X-stable models parametrized by a given logic X. Such notion is based on a construction that we call weak completions: a set of atoms M is an X-stable model of a theory T if M is a model of T, in the sense of classical logic, and the weak completion of T (namely T boolean OR -(M) over tilde) can prove, in the sense given by logic X, every atom in the set M. We prove that, for normal logic programs, the result obtained by these weak completions is invariant with respect to a large family of logics. Two kinds of logics are mainly considered: paraconsistent logics and normal modal logics. For modal logics we use a translation proposed by Gelfond that identifies -square a with -a. As a consequence we prove that several semantics (recently introduced) for non-monotonic reasoning (NMR) are equivalent for normal programs. In addition, we show that such semantics can be characterized by a fixed-point operator. Also, as a side effect, we provide new results for the stable model semantics.
paraconsistent logic non-monotonic reasoning multivalued logic