Finite element modelling of the initial stages of a hot forging cycle
A heat transfer model developed to predict the temperature distributions in the billets during the initial stages of a hot forging cycle is presented. The model takes into account the heating of billets, the moving of billets from the furnace to the press and the free resting of the billets on the die. The analysis includes the characteristics of different types of heating equipments currently utilised in forging companies: fuel-fired furnaces, induction and direct resistance electrical systems. The paper presents an example that illustrates the application of the proposed heat transfer model in the prediction of the temperature distribution inside the billets at the beginning of the hot forging cycle. The potential, capabilities and shortcomings of the model are discussed and recommendations for promoting a full utilisation of the capabilities of the finite element method in the simulation of metal forming processes are made.
hot forging heating of billets numerical simulation