Analysis of the effects of temperature and the electric field on quantum cascade laser characteristics
The effects of temperature and the electric field on the characteristics of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) have been investigated theoretically. A complete three level rate equation model considering all the scattering events has been proposed. The analytical expression for the threshold current density has been derived and the effects of temperature and the electric field are examined. The rate equation model is further used to analyze the population and photon number dynamics present within the cavity of a QCL and the effects of temperature and the electric field on the laser dynamics are investigated numerically.
temperature electric field quantum cascade lasers (qcls) rate equations turn-on delay time rise time backscattering anticrossing oscillator strength