THE GENERALIZED MODUS-PONENS CONSIDERED AS A FUZZY RELATION
The generalized modus ponens (GMP) is an inference rule in fuzzy logic, with the following scheme: if S1 is P1 then S2 is P2, but S1 is Q1, hence S2 is Q2. The objective is to determine Q2, given P1, P2 and Q1. The predicate P1 in the antecedent of the if-then rule is fuzzy, hence the condition S1 is P1 to derive S2 is P2 is not strict. Therefore, it should be possible to render a reasonable approximation of Q2 when Q1 diverges slightly from P1. A number of criteria for this inference rule will be presented. In literature there are three basic assumptions for dealing with the GMP, namely: (1) the if-then rule is implemented by an implication rule from some multivalued logic, i.e. the if-then rule is represented by a fuzzy relation, (2) the premiss P1 can be strengthened or weakened to obtain Q1 by taking a power of the membership function of P1, and (3) the conclusion Q2 is derived by means of the max-min composition rule. It will be shown by a number of theorems that these three items are incompatible with the criteria. Furthermore, it will be shown that it is arduous to construct an implication rule to meet the conditions (2) and (3). A way to restore this is to alter condition (2). Instead of taking a power of the membership function, it is also possible to change the parameters of this function. But this also causes complications. Hence, requirement (3) should be modified into some functional relation. It will be shown how this can be accomplished in combination with the functions with parameters changed.
generalized modus-ponens fuzzy logic approximate reasoning possibility theory shifted hedges