Scale and Scope in American Key-Set Office Machine Dynamics, 1880s-1930s
Industrial production of office machines emerged in the 1880s and grew extensively until the Second World War. Although sales and applications of punched-card machines expanded in the interwar years, the key-set office machine industry lost dynamics and ultimately collapsed. The lack of scale and scope improvements in the development of key-set office machines was the major reason for this sharp contrast.
key-set office machines punched-card machines management training machinery production industries engineering profession computer industry companies punching writing marketing and sales statistics history remington rand history of computing typewriters adding machines multiplication machines cash registers industrial competition burroughs felt &#x0026 tarrant remington national cash register company herman hollerith ibm