The esophagogastric junction
The following discussion of the esophagogastric junctions includes commentaries on the three component structures of the sphincteric segment between the stomach and the esophagus; the pressure contributions from the three sphincteric components in normal subjects and in gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) patients; the mechanism of action of endoscopic plication to determine the underlying pathophysiology of GERD; and?in vitro?muscle strip studies of defects within the gastroesophageal sphincteric segment potentially leading to GERD.
clasp muscle fibers sling muscle fibers gastroesophageal junction lower esophageal sphincter upper gastric sphincter defects in gerd missing sphincter endocinch muscarinic receptors in vitro?muscle strips stretch-induced tone nicotine-induced relaxations