Proton exchanged LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 optical waveguides and integrated optic devices
We show that proton exchanged LiNbO3 waveguides exhibit very complex structural chemistry. Seven HxLi1?xNbO3 and six HxLi1?xTaO3 crystallographic phases have been identified in PE LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 waveguides, respectively. A correlation is done between the electrooptical, nonlinear and photorefractive properties, the processing conditions and the refractive index changes of the waveguides. Some integrated optical devices have been realized.
proton exchange optical waveguides integrated optical devices lithium niobate lithium tantalate