Behavior of liquid menisci formed during the extraction of a vertical rod from the free surface of a liquid contained in a finite basin (Part 1)
Many studies involving the shapes and stability of liquid menisci formed during the extraction of a vertical rod from a liquid basin (rod-in-free-surface problem) have been reported in the literature. However, the vast majority of these were conducted under the assumptions that the radius of the basin (R) is infinite and that, at its extremity, both the slope and curvature of the liquid surface are zero. Recently, a few studies involving finite basins have been reported; however, these were conducted under the assumption that the displaced volume of the liquid in the basin is prescribed. In this study, a parametric finite element method was employed to determine the behavior (shape and stability) of liquid menisci formed during the extraction of a vertical rod with circular cross-section from a liquid contained in a circular basin with finite radius. The plots presented in this paper enable investigators to predict the critical extraction height (a priori) as a function of the radius ratio (R/r) and Bond number (beta(0)=rho gr(2)/gamma) for the case where the contact angle (theta(2)) at the outer extremity of the basin is 90 degrees. Theoretical and experimental results obtained for arbitrary values of theta(2) will be presented in a Part 2 paper. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
liquid menisci rod-in-free-surface parametric finite element critical extraction height