improving hands-free menu selection using eyegaze glances and fixations
A real-time eyegaze selection interface was implemented using a Tobii eyegaze tracking monitor. A hierarchical button menu was displayed on the screen and specified selections were made by eyegaze fixations and glances on the menu widgets. The initial version tested three different spatial layouts of the menu widgets and employed a dwell + glance method of selection. Results from the pilot interface led to usability improvements in the second version of the interface. Selections were activated using a glance + dwell method. The usability of the second study interface received a positive response from all 8 participants. Each selection gained more than a 100\% speed increase using the revised interface. A more intuitive selection interface in the second study allowed us to test users selection accuracy at faster dwell selection thresholds. Users quickly learned to achieve accurate selections in 180 ms, but made errors when selections occurred in 150 ms.
surgery pointing and selection hands free eye pointing eye tracking