title: A novel preterm respiratory mechanics active simulator to test the performances of neonatal pulmonary ventilators
abstract: A patient active simulator is proposed which is capable of reproducing values of the parameters of pulmonary mechanics of healthy newborns and preterm pathological infants. The implemented prototype is able to: (a) let the operator choose the respiratory pattern, times of apnea, episodes of cough, sobs, etc., (b) continuously regulate and control the parameters characterizing the pulmonary system; and, finally, (c) reproduce the attempt of breathing of a preterm infant. Taking into account both the limitation due to the chosen application field and the preliminary autocalibration phase automatically carried out by the proposed device, accuracy and reliability on the order of 1% is estimated. The previously indicated value has to be considered satisfactory in light of the field of application and the small values of the simulated parameters. Finally, the achieved metrological characteristics allow the described neonatal simulator to be adopted as a reference device to test performances of neonatal ventilators and, more specifically, to measure the time elapsed between the occurrence of a potentially dangerous condition to the patient and the activation of the corresponding alarm of the tested ventilator
keyphrases: preterm respiratory mechanics active simulator neonatal pulmonary ventilators patient active simulator healthy newborns preterm pathological infants autocalibration phase accuracy reliability apnea times respiratory diseases ventilatory support intensive care equipment electronic unit pneumatic/mechanical unit software control double compartment model artificial trachea pressure transducer variable clamp resistance upper airway resistance compliance