title: Design of a stroke dependent damper for the front axle suspension of a truck using multibody system dynamics and numerical optimization
abstract: A stroke dependent damper is designed for the front axle suspension of a truck. The damper supplies extra damping for inward deflections rising above 4 cm. In this way the damper should reduce extreme suspension deflections without deteriorating the comfort of the truck. But the question is which stroke dependent damping curve yields the best compromise between suspension deflection working space and comfort. Therefore an optimization problem is defined to minimize the maximum inward suspension deflection subject to constraints on the chassis acceleration for three typical road undulations. The optimization problem is solved using sequential linear programming (SLP) and multibody dynamics simulation software. Several optimization runs have been carried out for a small two degree of freedom vehicle model and a large full-scale model of the truck semi-trailer combination. The results show that the stroke dependent damping can reduce large deflections at incidental road disturbances, but that the optimum stroke dependent damping curve is related to the acceleration bound. By means of vehicle model simulation and numerical optimization we have been able to quantify this trade-off between suspension deflection working space and truck comfort
keyphrases: stroke dependent damper damping front axle suspension multibody system dynamics numerical optimization inward deflections extreme suspension deflections chassis acceleration road undulations sequential linear programming full-scale model truck semi-trailer combination incidental road disturbances acceleration bound vehicle model simulation truck comfort