title: Loudspeaker voice-coil inductance losses: circuit models, parameter estimation, and effect on frequency response
abstract: When the series resistance is separated and treated as a separate element, it is shown that losses in an inductor require the ratio of the flux to MMF in the core to be frequency dependent. For small-signal operation, this dependence leads to a circuit model composed of a lossless inductor and a resistor in parallel, both of which are frequency dependent. Mathematical expressions for these elements are derived under the assumption that the ratio of core flux to MMF varies as omega /sup n-1/, where n is a constant. A linear regression technique is described for extracting the model parameters from measured data. Experimental data are presented to justify the model for the lossy inductance of a loudspeaker voice-coil. A SPICE example is presented to illustrate the effects of voice-coil inductor losses on the frequency response of a typical driver
keyphrases: loudspeaker voice-coil inductance losses circuit models parameter estimation frequency response series resistance small-signal operation lossless inductor linear regression lossy inductance SPICE loudspeaker driver core flux to MMF ratio