Banda Larga
Autor: carlos ibarra | Publicado: 2012-09-04T05:14:00-07:00


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Por Banda subentende uma faixa de frequências. Quanto mais banda, mais frequências cabem nela e mais informações podem ser transportadas. O meio entre emissor e receptor pode ser percebido como uma estrada. A largura da estrada é a banda. Quanto mais larga a estrada, mais caminhões podem transitar simultaneamente e mais mercadorias podem chegar ao destino. 

A Banda larga é sinônimo de muita informação sendo transmitida. Banda larga é um conceito relativo. O que antes era considerado banda larga, hoje, com o avanço da tecnologia, talvez, seja visto como banda estreita. 

Cada tipo de informação precisa de uma banda mínima para ser transmitida e ser recebida com qualidade. O conteúdo de um telegrama de poucas palavras utiliza pouca banda (uma banda estreita); já a voz precisa de mais banda; e um sinal de televisão muito mais ainda (uma banda larga). A Banda utiliza um espectro de frequências que é um bem natural escasso e, portanto, disputado e caro. O mundo da imagem (fixa e móvel) tem muita informação. Requer muita banda. Requer banda larga. Frequências mais altas têm maior capacidade inerente de ter banda larga. Frequência alta tem muita variação na unidade de tempo. Muita variação, como já nos referimos anteriormente, é muita informação.

Desenvolvimentos para conseguir meios dotados de banda cada vez mais larga sempre foram uma constante no mundo das telecomunicações. Historicamente, os meios de telecomunicações se iniciaram com banda estreita compatíveis com a tecnologia. Usavam-se fios de cobre, amplificadores à válvula, tecnologia analógica, rádio em frequências mais baixas. A informação era de voz e de dados de baixa velocidade. A tecnologia caminhou para ampliar a largura de banda. Do par de cobre telefônico, passou-se ao cabo coaxial, às microondas de frequências mais altas, chegou-se ás fibras ópticas (a luz permite carrear muita banda). O rádio celular evoluiu de gerações tecnológicas com cada vez mais banda e chegou à revolução digital.