ALBARCAS DA ILHA DO PICO  E O USO DA NAVALHA
Autor: David Avelar | Publicado: 2012-03-02T06:37:00-08:00

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 <![endif]-->  Na Ilha do Pico, até ao princípio do século XX, só as pessoas mais abastadas usavam calçado construído em oficinas de sapataria, existentes em todas as freguesias da Ilha ou vindos do continente por encomenda.Os restantes habitantes, especialmente homens e as mulheres do Pico ligados aos trabalhos agrícolas, usavam albarcas que eles próprios confecionavam, de peles de porco e peles de vaca.As albarcas são um típico calçado da Ilha do Pico e são confecionadas de uma tira de pele retângular. Nos ângulos virados para o pé são feitos uns furos onde prendem umas correias, que dando a volta aos artelhos fixam a albarcas aos pés.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;                                                   Ainda conheci um homem de Prainha do Sul do Pico, que vendia tiras de sola couro de vaca destinadas à confeção de albarcas, preparadas por ele, que vendia em volta da Ilha, aos Domingos, junto às Igrejas, especialmente nas freguesias da Fronteira.Cada agricultor possuía no mínimo dois pares albarcas, uma para os trabalhos nos campos e uma para os dias festivos ou para ir à missa. Com as albarcas, usavam meias de lã das ovelhas, que eles próprios criavam nos baldios, e que eram confecionadas pelas mulheres, nas cores branca ou cinzenta.A razão do uso das albarcas pelos agricultores prendia-se com a natureza dos solos pedregosos da Ilha do Pico, muito infestada de silvados, que ainda hoje, invadem toda a Ilha.Como curiosidade, tenho na minha posse fotografias com mais de cem anos onde se podem ver as mulheres do Faial descalças e as do Pico com albarcas. Esta circunstância explica-se porque sendo a Ilha do Pico a que tinha a maior área de cultivo de vinhas, infestadas pelos silvados, razão porque não era possível proceder à sua monda sem a proteção dos pés com albarcas e a mão esquerda com uma luva em pele porco, de cabra ou de ovelha.À pergunta, porque é que quase todos os homens do Pico usavam navalha? Muita gente desconhece a razão. Só algum mais antigo saberá responder: Todo o Picaroto que usava albarcas não podia prescindir de uma navalha destinada a emendar as correias das albarcas, por isso todos a tinham.Hoje as albarcas desapareceram do nosso quotidiano, são peças de museu, e só são usadas pelos Grupos Folclóricos, que as usam nas suas atuações, mostrando a todos que assistem, o calçado que foi usado por muitas gerações, durante séculos, pelos homens e mulheres desta Ilha.A partir da quarta década do século XX grandes mudanças começam a acontecer nas indústrias do calçado como a troca do couro pela borracha e pelos materiais sintéticos especialmente para senhoras e crianças. Há pouco mais de 60 anos as nossas filarmónicas, ainda usavam sapatos brancos em lona com o piso em borracha, quando vestiam as suas fardas brancas!As próprias albarcas, foram reforçadas com borracha de pneus de automóveis, dando-lhes uma maior resistência e duração.No decorrer da última metade do século XX, as albarcas foram desaparecendo dos pés dos trabalhadores agrícolas do Pico à medida que foram melhorando a sua situação económica. Hoje os agricultores têm acesso a uma diversidade de calçado para os usos mais convenientes. Na Ilha do Pico nos últimos trinta ou quarente anos, as oficinas de sapateiro foram desaparecendo e julgo que hoje não existe nenhuma aberta ao público. Sai mais barato comprar, gastar e deitar fora do que mandar reconstruir!Vila de São Roque do Pico, Fevereiro de 2012&nbsp;Email do Autor: Francisco Medeiros