A luz soberana
Autor: EXCLUSIVA MINERAÇÃO E SIDERURGIA | Publicado: 2017-05-20T13:12:00-07:00


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Hipercristal:
nasce uma nova forma de manipular a luz

Redação
do Site Inovação Tecnológica&nbsp;-&nbsp; 16/05/2017













&nbsp;O
hipercristal manipula a luz com uma eficiência sem precedentes.
[Imagem:&nbsp;Tal Galfsky]



Interação da luz com a matéria

O controle da interação entre a
luz e a matéria é fundamental para vários fenômenos e tecnologias, o que inclui
coisas como a fotossíntese, os lasers, os LEDs e as células solares.



Hoje existem duas tecnologias
básicas para manipular a luz, em seus diferentes comprimentos de onda: os
cristais fotônicos e os metamateriais.



Os dois têm suas vantagens e
inconvenientes, mas ambos tropeçam em uma estreita largura de banda -
permitindo manipular apenas uma ou poucas cores simultaneamente - e emissão de
luz um tanto fraca.



Tal Galfsky, da Faculdade da
Cidade de Nova Iorque, resolveu esses dois inconvenientes mesclando os dois
materiais artificiais - cristais fotônicos e metamateriais - para obter um
nível de controle sobre a luz sem precedentes.



Hipercristal

O resultado foi batizado de
hipercristal, uma nova classe de material artificial que apresenta uma taxa de
emissão de luz e uma intensidade significativamente superiores à dos materiais
individuais.



As propriedades únicas dos
hipercristais resultam da combinação de escalas de comprimento na estrutura do
material, bem como das propriedades inerentes das estruturas em nanoescala
usadas em sua construção.





&nbsp;Os
hipercristais mesclam as estruturas em estrutura micrométrica ou maiores dos
metamateriais, com as estruturas nanométricas dos cristais fotônicos. [Imagem:
Tal Galfsky et al. - 10.1073/pnas.1702683114]



A equipe afirma que os
hipercristais deverão ter um impacto significativo em várias áreas de pesquisa
tecnológica, a começar por LEDs ultrarrápidos para uso em Li-Fi, uma tecnologia sem fios que transmite
dados em alta velocidade usando luz visível, células solares com maior capacidade
de absorção de luz e emissores de fótons individuais para computação quântica.



Bibliografia:

Photonic hypercrystals for control of light-matter interactions
Tal Galfsky, Jie Gu, Evgenii E. Narimanov, Vinod M. Menon
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1702683114