O Pranto de Maria Parda - Gil Vicente
Autor: aviznascimento | Publicado: 2013-05-19T17:05:00-07:00

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Escrito
  por Gil Vicente em 1522, "O Pranto de Maria Parda" é uma
  tragicomédia que retrata o reino em decadência caracterizado pela fome, seca,
  abandono das terras pelos camponeses e o êxodo para a cidade e mar,
  resultando na morte de muitos durante a sua caminhada. Lisboa era uma cidade
  mulata, cheia de gente vinda da Guiné. Maria Parda personaliza a escrava
  negra que sucumbe ao álcool e que se consola com mais uma
  "litrada".



O Pranto de  Maria Parda é uma das mais célebres peças de Gil Vicente. Intencionalmente, o
  grande dramaturgo, retratou a realidade das classes pobres de Lisboa, no
  Século XVI. Contrariando os discursos que enalteciam e louvavam a beleza e
  opulência da capital de um imenso império, Gil Vicente procura desvelar a
  vivência dos negros e mestiços chegados e nascidos na metrópole que, em
  Quinhentos, calcula-se que perfaziam 10% da população de Lisboa. Muitos eram
  alcoólatras, mal cristianizados, deprimidos pela subvida serviçal e sem
  perspectivas de futuro a que estavam votados. Vêm-se carnalizados na figura
  literária de Maria, arguta e corrosiva observadora da sociedade, amante do
  vinho carrascão. Podemos imaginar apenas o impacto que o monólogo terá tido
  na corte e junto do monarca; quando se viu defronte de atrevida mestiça, da
  base da pirâmide social, para mais mulher, mais a mais sexualmente livre,
  assumir, entre canadas de vinho, uma das mais lúcidas e desesperançadas
  críticas à sociedade dos "fumos da Índia". 

 



Este
monólogo de Gil Vicente é uma “lamentação” posta na boca de uma velha mulata
bêbada (“parda” vem da tez negra da sua pele). Escrito em 1522, ano de terrível
fome no reino, o monólogo foi muito popular e teve numerosas reedições. O
desespero de Maria é cómico, o seu testemunho burlesco. Faz rir e isso é uma
maneira de exorcizar o drama da fome. “O Pranto de Maria Parda” é uma paródia,
no estilo da chocarrice popular, em que se esconjura e elimina o sofrimento e a
morte através do humor.



LEIA O TEXTO ORIGINAL.