ARTE NA IDADE MÉDIA: ARTE ROMÂNICA
Autor: Márcio Ricardo | Publicado: 2014-09-11T11:53:00-07:00




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ATIVIDADE 05 ARTE NA IDADE MÉDIA:
ARTE ROMÂNTICA

A queda do Império
Romano do Ocidente (ano 476) pelos
povos bárbaros e a ausência da centralização de uma autoridade forte, deu à
igreja a oportunidade de assumir o controle do pensamento e da vida na época,
tornando-se a primeira responsável pela unificação da Europa.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Organizou
peregrinações a lugares considerados sagrados e também um movimento militar de
caráter cristão chamado “CRUZADA”
que se dividia em vários grupos e visava colocar a Terra Santa (Jerusalém) sob o poder dos cristãos.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Essas
iniciativas acabaram por romanizar a Europa, unificando as expressões
artísticas em todas as suas áreas, pois todas estavam atreladas a religião.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A
arquitetura, marcada pela força da pedra, constituiu igrejas maiores, com
imensas abóbadas decoradas, paredes bem grossas, janelas estreitas, arcos,
torres e apenas uma porta de entrada. Dentre os muitos conjuntos arquitetônicos
destaca-se a catedral de Pisa, na Itália, com sua torre inclinada de 56 metros
de altura.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Renasceu
a escultura, também a serviço do clero, com seus altos e baixos relevos
ilustrados por cenas bíblicas que ajudavam na pregação ao evangelho, porque a
maioria dos fiéis era analfabeta. 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Surge
as ILUMINURAS, pinturas minúsculas
que decoravam as letras iniciais dos capítulos de pergaminhos, trabalho feito
por monges artistas em conventos e abadias.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Também
a DEFORMAÇÃO e o COLORISMO foram
características essenciais da pintura romântica. A primeira aumentava o tamanho
das mãos e dos olhos dos santos e a segunda era representada pela cor chapada,
inteira, sem representação de um modelo, pois pintavam santos que não viam.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A
música padrão era litúrgica, chamada CANTO
GREGORIANO adaptado dos Salmos. O estilo romano designa a arte entre os
séculos XI e XIII.

RESPONDA

1- Quem controlava a Europa na época da arte
românica?

2- Que acontecimento
contribuiu para a romanização da Europa?

3- Que era as
iluminuras? Como era chamada a música litúrgica padrão da época?

4- Quais as
características essências da pintura românica?

5-Que conjunto a
arquitetônico românico ficou famoso mundialmente? Porque?