História - noções gerais
Autor: Elaine | Publicado: 2014-12-02T16:11:00-02:00

A história é construída pelos seres humanos, sujeitos da história. A ciência histórica, por outro lado, é papel dos historiadores e o seu fazer nos remete à diversas questões.


O
que estudamos em história? A
história é o estudo das ações humanas em diferentes tempos. A história é a
ciência que estuda o passado e o presente dos seres humanos, ou seja, as mudanças que os seres humanos geram no mundo a medida em que vivem e se relacionam.&nbsp;
Por
que devemos estudar história? Devemos
estudar história por algumas razões:&nbsp;&nbsp; o
estudo da história nos permite compreender melhor o nosso presente e adquirir
ferramentas para transformá-lo, com o objetivo de se construir uma sociedade
melhor para se viver;&nbsp; por meio da história podemos evitar
equívocos e erros cometidos pelos nossos antepassados,&nbsp; traçando novos caminhos para a humanidade; ela nos ensina a aprender
a respeitar as diferenças entre as pessoas, os grupos e os povos, buscando
soluções para os conflitos existentes; com a história também podemos desenvolver
a nossa capacidade crítica e a consciência cidadã e além disso aprender a valorizar
e conservar o patrimônio social, cultura e material das nossas sociedades.&nbsp;
Quem
faz a história? Todos
que fazem parte de uma sociedade (crianças, jovens ou adultos; mulheres e
homens; ricos ou pobres) constroem a história do seu tempo por meio dos
trabalhos que desenvolvem, do seu comportamento, da convivência familiar e
social, das decisões que tomam, das ideias que compartilham, dos ideais em que
acreditam. Somos todos sujeitos históricos.
Quem
é o profissional responsável por construir o conhecimento histórico? Como ele trabalha? O
profissional responsável por reconstruir o passado é o historiador. Ele age
como um investigador, buscando “pistas” que o ajudam a formular uma interpretação
sobre o seu assunto de pesquisa.
Como
é possível saber o que aconteceu no passado? Podemos
saber o que aconteceu no passado por meio das fontes históricas. As fontes históricas são "vestígios", tudo o que sobrou da passagem dos seres humanos em sua vida. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Por Elaine Aguiar 


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