Sítio Arqueológico
Autor: Elaine | Publicado: 2014-12-04T16:25:00-02:00

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Um sítio arqueológico é
um local no qual os homens que viveram antes do início de nossa civilização
deixaram algum vestígio de suas atividades: uma ferramenta de pedra lascada,
uma fogueira na qual assaram sua comida, uma pintura, uma sepultura, a simples
marca de seus passos.

Os sítios arqueológicos
são diferentes segundo o uso que os homens pré-históricos fizeram do local.
Cada local pode corresponder a uma função, mas há casos, como as aldeias, onde
vários tipos de atividades foram praticadas. Em uma aldeia vive-se, o que
significa lugares para dormir, para cozinhar, para descansar, brincar, fabricar
armas, utensílios, trabalhar a pedra, o barro para fazer cerâmica, a madeira.
Todos esses trabalhos produzem vestígios que caem ao solo e que vão sendo, aos
poucos, cobertos por sedimentos.

Assim sendo os vestígios
mais antigos são os que estão bem no fundo, pois à medida que avança o tempo,
novos vestígios caem, novas
camadas de sedimento se formam e o sítio vai apresentando uma maior espessura
de camadas arqueológicas.

Quando o arqueólogo
começa a trabalhar ele faz o inverso: com seu pincel, sua pequena colher de
pedreiro, vai tirando os sedimentos e deixando no local os vestígios. Quando
tira os sedimentos de uma camada, numera e retira os vestígios, passando então
para a camada logo abaixo. Assim ele vai do mais recente para o mais antigo.



Fonte: adaptado
de :http://www.fumdham.org.br/sitiosarq.asp