Autor: Professor Ednaldo | Publicado: 2013-04-16T08:54:00-07:00

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Escola
Dr. João Santa Cruz de Oliveira

Pesquisa
realizada na Internet. Fonte: Wikipédia,a enciclopédia livre



Curiosidades
do Mundo



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O mundo ocidental, civilização
ocidental ou simplesmente Ocidente
(em latim:
occidens - "pôr do sol,
oeste", como distinto de Oriente), é um termo que se refere a diferentes nações,
dependendo do contexto. Não há consenso sobre a definição das semelhanças
desses países, além de terem uma população significativa de ascendência
europeia
e de terem culturas e sociedades fortemente influenciadas e/ou ligadas pela Europa.



O
conceito da parte ocidental do mundo tem sua origem na civilização greco-romana na Europa, com o
advento do cristianismo. Na era moderna,
a cultura ocidental tem sido fortemente
influenciada pelas tradições de movimentos como o Renascimento,
a Reforma Protestante, o Iluminismo,
e tem sido moldada pelo expansivo colonialismo
europeu do século XV ao XX. Seu uso político foi temporariamente alterado por
um antagonismo interno durante a Guerra Fria,
no fim do século XX (1947-1991).



No
sentido cultural contemporâneo, o mundo ocidental inclui a Europa, além de
muitos países de origem colonial europeia na América
e na Oceania, como Estados Unidos, Canadá, Argentina,
Brasil,
Chile,
Austrália, Nova Zelândia, entre outros.



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Oriente quer dizer o lado do
sol nascente. No entanto,
para além dessa acepção geográfica, a palavra oriente tem naturalmente uma
conotação política
e cultural
- os ocidentais, ou seja, europeus e americanos
consideram os asiáticos
como orientais,





A
divisão do mundo em Ocidente e Oriente é conhecida na Europa desde 292 d.C., quando o
imperador romano Diocleciano dividiu o Império
Romano em duas partes, cada uma administrada 

por um
Augusto e um César
(a Tetrarquia),
em que a parte oriental se transformou no Império Bizantino.







Divisão
do mundo

 

  
  


  
  
África

  
  
Magrebe&nbsp;· Norte&nbsp;·
  Centro&nbsp;·
  Sul&nbsp;·
  Ocidente&nbsp;· Oriente&nbsp;· Subsaariana

 

  
  


  
  
América

  
  
Norte &nbsp;·
  Central (Caribe)
  &nbsp;· Sul
  (Cone Sul)
  (Latina &nbsp;· Anglo)

 

  
  


  
  
Ásia

  
  
Central&nbsp;· Oriente
  (Extremo Oriente) &nbsp;· Norte (Sibéria)
  &nbsp;· Sul (Subcontinente indiano) &nbsp;· Sudeste&nbsp;· Ocidente

 

  
  


  
  
Europa

  
  
Ocidente&nbsp;· Centro&nbsp;· Oriente&nbsp;· Norte&nbsp;· Sul









 




 

  
  
   

    
    


    
    
Oriente
    Médio

    
    
Península
    Arábica&nbsp;· Cáucaso&nbsp;· Levante&nbsp;·

   

    
    


    
    
Oceania

    
    
Australiasia&nbsp;· Melanésia&nbsp;· Micronésia&nbsp;· Polinésia

   

    
    


    
    
Polar

    
    
Ártico&nbsp;· Antártica

   

    
    


    
    
Oceanos

    
    
Oceano
    global&nbsp;· Ártico&nbsp;· Atlântico&nbsp;· Índico&nbsp;· Pacífico&nbsp;· Antártico