Filosofia Moderna (D25-5_ED04)
Autor: Mª Imaculada (UNUEAD) | Publicado: 2012-05-04T21:14:00-03:00

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A filosofia moderna é toda aquela que se desenvolveu entre os séculos XV à XIX, desenvolvida em subtópicos fragmentados.Grandes nomes importantes tiveram grande influência dentro da filosofia moderna, foram eles: René Descartes com suas “meditações”, George Berkeley com o “tratado”, John Locke fazendo uma faxina para preparar terreno para a ciência ter rumo, David Hume com tratamento matemático do espaço e do tempo e Immanuel Kant com a chamada “virada epistemológica” e foi graças a esses filósofos que nasceu a filosofia moderna com os esforços destes cientistas e pensadores.Esta filosofia moderna possuía algumas características: ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Racionalismo → início desta filosofia com René Descartes e sua teoria do conhecimento (a razão) através do processo de pensamento racional, então ele idealizou um processo de dúvida metódica, processo esse que ia eliminando pensamentos ou ideias para alcançar o conhecimento.·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Empirismo → oposição ao racionalismo, onde os filósofos defendiam a teoria da experiência sensível que era o único caminho para o homem alcançar o conhecimento, onde se aplica a razão (pensamento lógico) à experiência (conhecimento sensível).·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Perfectibilidade (Iluminismo) → é a sistematização das teorias do empirismo e o racionalismo porImmanuel Kant, pois ele acreditava que o ser humano era apto a raciocinar sobre a própria razão.Kant defendia que o homem tinha a possibilidade de alcançar a perfeição que era um processo natural de desenvolvimento rumo ao esclarecimento, chegando à maioridade, processo que depende da vontade do homem.A liberdade é a condição para o homem chegar ao esclarecimento, curso natural da sociedade e isso se chama liberdade no pensamento do iluminista, pois se acreditava que sem liberdade de pensamento não havia liberdade.
Referências:http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filosofia_modernahttp://www.webartigos.com/artigos/039-039-filosofia-moderna-039-039/26628/Material didático:JARDIM, Alex Fabiano Correa &amp; BORGES, Ângela Christina &amp; FREITAS, Gildete dos Santos et al. Filosofia da Educação.