ALERTA VERMELHO: NÃO CONFUNDA ENDOMETRIOSE COM CÓLICA!
Autor: Thayara Paolla | Publicado: 2015-09-23T11:31:00-07:00



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Endometriose é uma doença caracterizada pela
presença do endométrio fora da cavidade uterina. Endométrio é o tecido que
reveste o interior do útero e nessa doença pode ser encontrado em outros órgãos
da pelve, como: trompas, ovários, intestinos e bexiga. A doença acomete
mulheres a partir da primeira menstruação e pode se estender até a última.
Geralmente, o diagnóstico acontece quando a paciente está na faixa dos 30 anos.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Os
principais sintomas são dor e infertilidade. Em torno de 20% das mulheres têm
apenas dor, 60% têm dor e infertilidade e 20% apenas infertilidade. Os sintomas
podem variar desde nenhum tipo de desconforto até dor incapacitante, mas os
mais comuns são: cólicas menstruais intensas, dor pré-menstrual, dor durante as
relações sexuais, dor difusa ou crônica na região pélvica, fadiga crônica e
exaustão, sangramento menstrual intenso e irregular, alterações intestinais ou
urinárias durante a menstruação, dificuldade para engravidar e infertilidade. A
dor da endometriose pode se manifestar como uma cólica menstrual intensa, ou
dor pélvica/abdominal à relação sexual, ou dor “no intestino” na época das
menstruações, ou, ainda, uma mistura desses sintomas.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O
diagnóstico é feito por meio de exame físico, ultrassonografia endovaginal
especializado, exame ginecológico, dosagem de marcadores e outros exames de
laboratório. Atenção especial deve ser dada ao exame de toque, fundamental no
diagnóstico da endometriose profunda. Em alguns casos, o médico ginecologista
solicitará uma ressonância nuclear magnética e a ecocoloposcopia.



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Alguns
estudos associam o padrão menstrual à ocorrência de endometriose: pacientes com
fluxo mais intenso e mais frequente teriam mais risco de apresentar a doença. A
relação entre o uso de&nbsp;pílula anticoncepcional&nbsp;e a endometriose ainda
é polêmica. Filhas e irmãs de pacientes com endometriose têm maior risco de
também desenvolver o problema. O consumo excessivo de álcool e cafeína são
hábitos que têm sido associados ao aumento do risco ou piora do quadro de
endometriose, enquanto fazer atividades físicas parece diminuir as chances de
desenvolver a doença. Dois tipos de tratamento podem ser usados para combater
as dores da endometriose: medicamentos ou cirurgia. Cada um deles tem suas
especificidades, e cabe ao ginecologista avaliar a gravidade da doença em cada
caso e recomendar o melhor tratamento. Vale lembrar que, dependendo da situação,
ambos os procedimentos são feitos de maneira integrada. importante compreender
que não existe cura permanente para a endometriose. O objetivo do tratamento é
aliviar a dor e amenizar os outros sintomas, como favorecer a possibilidade de
gravidez e diminuir as lesões endometrióticas.
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