O conceito de "Campo" em Telecom (Parte 1)
Autor: carlos ibarra | Publicado: 2012-09-04T05:20:00-07:00




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O mundo físico que nos cerca, e do qual somos parte, é um meio material com suas propriedades. Podemos definir “campo” como uma entidade em que há uma quantidade física associada a cada ponto do espaço e do tempo. A idéia de campo indica que os pontos do campo interagem. O que ocorre num ponto do campo afeta os demais pontos. É como se o que acontecesse num ponto do campo fosse transmitido aos demais pontos. As partículas do mundo físico interagem. O campo gravitacional, o campo elétrico, o campo magnético são tipos de campos. 

O sonho dos físicos é unificar todas as teorias descritivas dos diversos campos que refletem as propriedades da matéria e da energia. A teoria quântica dos campos, mais recente, é revolucionária. 


Gauss (magnetismo), Ampere (corrente elétrica), Faraday (indução), Lorentz (força), Maxwell (equações), Heaviside (ionosfera) Estes cientistas ajudaram a desvendar o fenômeno do eletromagnetismo. Para as telecomunicações, via rádio, o denominado campo eletro-magnético é de especial interesse. As ondas de rádio, os infra-vermelhos, a luz visível, os ultra-violetas, os Raios-X, são todos fenômenos eletromagnéticos. Tais manifestações quando emitidas, percorrem um meio (um campo) e podem ser recebidas num ponto distante.