Princípio do Duplo Grau de Jurisdição
Autor: Fabiano de Mello | Publicado: 2012-08-29T06:07:00-07:00

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Não existe em nossa
Constituição Federal previsão expressa ou explícita de um princípio do duplo
grau de jurisdição, mas é cediço que tal princípio deve ser extraído do devido
processo legal, anteriormente analisado. Trata-se, então, de um princípio
implícito.





Deste modo, o
princípio ora estudado deve ser compreendido como a garantia de obter ampla
revisão de qualquer decisão judicial, preferentemente por magistrado distinto
daquele que proferiu a decisão atacada, de nível hierárquico igualmente
distinto.



Validamente,
afirma-se que o duplo grau de jurisdição, ao disponibilizar ao vencido
oportunidade para revisão da decisão que lhe foi desfavorável, favorece sua
resignação. Ademais, propicia reexame a ser cometido por colegiado composto por
magistrados mais experientes, o que confere maior segurança ao jurisdicionado.
Há quem defenda, inclusive, que o só fato de o juiz de primeiro grau saber que
sua decisão poderá ser revista impõe maior esmero, cuidado quando de sua
prolação.



Consoante Araújo
Cintra, Grinover e Dinamarco,
“o principal fundamento para a manutenção do princípio do duplo grau é de
natureza política: nenhum ato estatal pode ficar imune aos necessários
controles. O Poder Judiciário, principalmente onde seus membros não são
sufragados pelo povo, é, dentre todos, o de menor representatividade. Não o
legitimaram as urnas, sendo que o controle popular sobre o exercício da função
jurisdicional ainda é incipiente em muitos ordenamentos, como o nosso. É
preciso, portanto, que se exerça ao menos o controle interno sobre a legalidade
e a justiça das decisões judiciárias. Eis a conotação política do princípio do
duplo grau de jurisdição”.