MÉTODO DE LEITURA DA BÍBLIA SAGRADA
Autor: MARTHA ALAÍDE | Publicado: 2016-09-11T16:38:00-07:00




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Para o povo do Livro, o ciclo de estudos da Torá inicia-se no mês de Tishrei,
quando se celebra o Rosh Hashanach – o ano novo judaico, que geralmente
coincide com o mês de setembro, no calendário romano, que é solar. O dia de
início da leitura da Torá chama-se Simchát Torá (a alegria da Torá).



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O que preservou a fé judaica, a língua hebraica, a cultura e
as tradições desde aquela época foi o ato de estudar a Torá aos sábados, ao
menos por uma pequena parte dos judeus religiosos que viveram e ainda vivem na
diáspora.


Yeshua (Jesus de Nazaré) e seus discípulos e demais
seguidores da Igreja do 1º século, estudaram a Torá até meados do século IV,
quando Roma avocou para si a primazia de divulgar a religião cristã, durante o
governo do imperador Constantino.


O Novo Testamento foi escrito com base na Torá e nos demais
livros do Antigo Testamento. Haja vista, o Apocalipse no qual, dos seus 406 versículos, 278
são menções à Torá. 

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Cada porção da Torah adota o nome de uma das
palavras presente no primeiro parágrafo da porção em hebraico, e tal palavra
resume de forma concisa o assunto pertinente à porção como um todo, sendo como
um slogan do que será tratado.Didaticamente ao mencionar um texto da Torah
menciona-se este nome particular, e não capítulos ou versículos como é comum em
bíblias traduzidas. Esta liturgia semanal remonta ao tempo da Grande Assembleia
presidida por Esdras (Ezra), na qual se lia em público durante o Shabat uma
porção aleatória dentre as 54 porções (Parashiot).





Este caráter litúrgico da Leitura das Parashiot fez surgir a preocupação em não
permitir o descaso ou a arbitrariedade em se escolher as porções a cada Shabat,
sendo assim no século dois da era comum, dois grandes sábios de Eretz Israel, o
rabi Meir e Rabi Iehudá Ben Ilai, ambos discípulos de rabi Akiva, incomodados
com o descaso criaram a ordem sequencial das Parashiot e as regras para a
leitura dentro do ciclo anual do calendário solar-lunar judaico.



Como podem ver, existe um critério para a leitura
das Escrituras Sagradas, diferentemente dos não-judeus, que a leem de forma
aleatória.



A festa de Simchat Torá, em
português “A alegria da Torá”, é celebrada logo após Sucot, marcando o fim do
ciclo anual da leitura do texto sagrado do judaísmo, com a conclusão do livro
de Deuteronômio e o reinício da leitura, em Gênesis.


&nbsp;


A continuidade demonstra
que os judeus jamais deixam de fazer a leitura da Torá.

Via de regra, cada porção da Torá
contém de 4 a 6 capítulos que, tradicionalmente, são estudados a cada shabat.&nbsp;


Após o estudo das parashiot
(porções) semanais, estudam-se as haftarot, ou sejam, trechos dos profetas e
textos de alguns escritos, os Ketuvim. Nós, messiânicos, incluímos textos do
Novo Testamento que estão correlacionados ao tema central da parashá.



Exemplo:

Na sequência da leitura da
primeira parashá, Bereshit, No Princípio, Gênesis 1:1 – 6:8, lê-se a 1ª
Haftará, Isaías 42:5 – 43:10 e Apocalipse 22:6-21.






Recomendo a todos a leitura de um texto clássico sobre o zelo
de Jesus pela Torá, de autoria do Rabino Marcelo Guimarães, presidente do
Ministério Ensinando de Sião, através do link https://pt.scribd.com/doc/306561006/Yeshua-e-Seus-Discipulos-Judeus-Zelosos-Da-Tora. É primoroso.