AULA DO DIA 03/09/2012
Autor: DR4AB34 | Publicado: 2012-09-05T21:20:00-07:00

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Teoria Geral das Obrigações 



&nbsp;Continuação...



4) Fontes das Obrigações

&nbsp;
4.1) Lei

&nbsp;
4.2) Atos Ilícitos

&nbsp;
4.3) Contratos

&nbsp;
4.4) Atos Unilaterais

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
4.4.2) Promessas de Recompensa

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
4.4.2) Gestão de Negócios

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
4.4.3) Pagamento Indevido

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
4.4.4) Enriquecimento Ilícito



&nbsp;&nbsp;
4.4.2) Gestão de Negócios

--&gt; Atuação sem transferência de
poderes;

--&gt; Ausência de remuneração;

--&gt; Dono concorda; retifica a gestão,
transformando-se em mandato;

--&gt; Dono não concorda: pode pleitear
perdas e danos. Responsabilidade Subjetiva. Ex: Art. 871 e 872 do CC.



&nbsp;4.4.3) Pagamento Indevido

--&gt; Art. 876, CC;

--&gt; Objetivamente indevido: divida já
paga;

--&gt; Subjetivamente Indevido: pago a
pessoa errada;

--&gt; Deve haver comprovação do erro;
(Art. 877, CC);

--&gt; Não havendo devolução=ação,
repetição do indébito;

--&gt; Casos que não cabem restrição.
Art. 882/883, CC;

--&gt; Pagamento indevido não erra
restrição em dobro, exceto na demanda de divida já paga, bem como direitos do
consumidor.



&nbsp;4.4.4) Enriquecimento sem causa 

--&gt; Art. 884 a 886, CC;

--&gt; Enriquecimento sem motivo,
trabalhando, herança;

--&gt; Pagamento indevido –
enriquecimento sem causa;

--&gt; Enriquecimento sem causa = Enriquecimento
ilícito 

&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(falta causa judicial)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (causa judicial ilícita)



4.6) Títulos de Crédito

--&gt; Documento necessário para exercício
de um direito, Ex :cheque, nota promissória, duplicata, etc.;

--&gt; Literal e autônoma;

--&gt; Traz existência de relação obrigacional.



5) Princípios do Direito das Obrigações

&nbsp;
5.1) Principio da Eticidade/boa fé;

--&gt; Forma honesta e correta;

--&gt; Lealmente e confiança;

--&gt; Art. 422, CC;

--&gt; Boa fé objetiva: composta de
deveres laterais, tais como proteção, cooperação e informação.



&nbsp;
5.2) Principio da Sociabilidade/ Função Social

--&gt; Art. 421, CC. Sociabilidade do
Direito;

--&gt; Atenua o princípio “Pacta Sunt
Servanda”.





Teoria das Penas



Penas no Brasil



- Pena: *Privativa de liberdade: {* Reclusão

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {* Detenção

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
{* &nbsp;Prisão Simples

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;*Restritiva de Direitos

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;*Multa



- Inflação Penal: {* Crime

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {* Contravenção penal





- Sistema Penitenciário 



* Pensilvânico

* Auburniano

* Progressivo 



Regime Fechado = penitenciário

Regime Semi Aberto = colônias 

Regime Aberto = albergue