✍ *PESQUISANDOporAI* ✍  O TEATRO NO BRASIL
Autor: ☆TeatrodeCozinha☆ | Publicado: 2012-06-26T12:46:00-07:00



Padre José de Anchieta

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&nbsp;O teatro no Brasil começa no século
16 ao inicio do século 19 era um teatro colonial, com forte influencia do
teatro português. Os primeiros textos tinha a intenção de catequisar os índios para
apaziguar o conflito que existia entre eles e os colonos portugueses e
espanhóis.

&nbsp;Os próprios índios eram quem encena, o primeiro
texto foi o “Auto da festa de São Lourenço”
do padre José de Anchieta, são escritos pelos jesuítas numa mistura de português
e tupi – guarani.

Essa os textos da época são do
teatro Anchietano, pois são os únicos
textos chegou a nossas mãos. O “Auto da festa de São Lourenço” tem personagens
e situações dramáticas, envolve canto, luta e dança para narrar o martírio do
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João Caetano dos Santos 


Mas só no romantismo surgi o teatro
com características nacionais na primeira metade do século 19 no reinado de D.
Pedro I. O primeiro grande ator brasileiro, João Caetano dos Santos (1808-1863)
é reconhecido como o primeiro grande ator nacional, especializado em papéis dramáticos.
Ele trabalhava com textos como de Victor Hugo, Skakespeare, Alexandre Dumas
Filho e Molière.


 Luís
Carlos Martins Pena


A montagem da peça “O poeta e a Inquisição ou Antônio José” Do
escritor Gonçalves de Magalhães inicia um teatro com temas e atores
brasileiros. E a comédia que fazia uma critica bem humorada da sociedade da época
“O juiz de paz na roça” revela Luís
Carlos Martins Pena, nascido no Rio Janeiro (1815-1848) o primeiro dramaturgo
importante do cenário brasileiro e um dos primeiros a tratar do assunto da
urbanização do país.<!--[if gte mso 9]>
 
  
 
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No realismo em reação aos excessos
de românticos às peças já retratam em tom amargo a maquinações politicas dos dois
Impérios igualmente satírico, mas brincalhão, esse é &nbsp;o tom de Arthur de Azevedo (1855-1908) nascido
no Maranhão, dedicado ao teatro e jornalista.

&nbsp;Cria, com as “As Burletas”, “O Mambembe ou A Capital Federal” a comédia musical
brasileira. Efetuava escritas em forma de parodias de dramas franceses e divulgava
obras de outros autores, antes de morrer foi nomeado diretor do Teatro da
Exposição Nacional.

Na época as companhias nacionais são
muito precárias, e os atores mais conhecidos e aclamados Ainda são os
portugueses, Furtado Coelho, Lucinda
Simões e Adelaide Amaral.



No primeiro ano só século 20 o simbolismo
aparece de uma produção irregular que copia autores europeus salvo algumas
peças como “Eva” de João do Rio
(pseudônimo de Paulo Barreto) e outras obras. Com a Primeira Guerra Mundial foi
criado um isolamento desenvolvendo assim um sentimento nacionalista que se manifesta,
em “Flores de Sombra”, de Claudio de
Sousa, e “Onde canta o sabiá”, de Gastão Tojeiro.



No modernismo a Semana da Arte
Moderna é o grande acontecimento, mas o teatro foi à arte menos atingida por
esse acontecimento em 1922. Nesse período Álvaro Moreyra cria o teatro de
Brinquedo, que estreia com “Adão e Eva e
outros membros da família” (1927) escrita de forma coloquial. Colocando em
cena pela primeira vez como protagonistas, dois marginais: Um mendigo e um
ladrão. Joracy Camargo segue esse exemplo em “Deus lhe pague”, primeira peça fazer sucesso no exterior.

No primeiro ano só século 20 o simbolismo
aparece de uma produção irregular que copia autores europeus salvo algumas
peças como “Eva” de João do Rio
(pseudônimo de Paulo Barreto) e outras obras. Com a Primeira Guerra Mundial foi
criado um isolamento desenvolvendo assim um sentimento nacionalista que se manifesta,
em “Flores de Sombra”, de Claudio de
Sousa, e “Onde canta o sabiá”, de Gastão Tojeiro.



No modernismo a Semana da Arte
Moderna é o grande acontecimento, mas o teatro foi à arte menos atingida por
esse acontecimento em 1922. Nesse período Álvaro Moreyra cria o teatro de
Brinquedo, que estreia com “Adão e Eva e
outros membros da família” (1927) escrita de forma coloquial. Colocando em
cena pela primeira vez como protagonistas, dois marginais: Um mendigo e um
ladrão. Joracy Camargo segue esse exemplo em “Deus lhe pague”, primeira peça fazer sucesso no exterior.