A TRAJETÓRIA DO NAVIO MARQUÊS DE OLINDA: SEU APRESAMENTO COMO CASUS BELLI ENTRE O IMPÉRIO DO BRASIL E A REPÚBLICA DO PARAGUAI
Autor: BLOG DO ARON | Publicado: 2014-11-11T23:26:00-02:00

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Magno Dangui



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Parte
dos historiadores considera o dia 12 de novembro de 1864 como o inicial da
Guerra do Paraguai. Neste caso, hoje rememoramos 150 anos do inicio desta
guerra. Este texto procura analisar
o período no prisma da trajetória do navio Marquês
de Olinda. 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A
principal ligação entre a cidade do Rio de Janeiro (Corte), capital do Império
Brasileiro, e a província de Mato Grosso eram os rios da Prata, Paraná e
Paraguai, Por esses rios passavam os navios brasileiros que ligavam Cuiabá ao
restante do país. Para utilizar os rios livremente o Império obteve acordos com
a Argentina em 1852 e com o Paraguai em 1858. Por estes tratados os rios
estavam livres para a navegação dos barcos brasileiros. Os Tratados possibilitaram
a abertura de uma rota entre Montevidéu e Cuiabá. A Companhia de Navegação do Alto
Paraguai ganhou a concessão, por vinte anos, para explorar tal rota. O contrato
com Antonio Jose Soares foi homologado, por
decreto e deveria manter, no mínimo, oito viagens por ano. Para tanto, o Poder
Público pagava uma subvenção de 25 contos, por viagem, para a concessionária

Dentre
os navios que faziam a rota estava o Marquês
de Olinda. Era um navio a vapor de madeira, com rodas laterais,
deslocando 180 toneladas, com um motor de 80 cavalos. A primeira notícia que
temos do navio nestes rios, é de 1860, em uma viagem para Corumbá.

Podemos identificar, ainda, viagens
em 1861, 1863 e 1864, o que permite constatar que esta era sua rotina
ordinária. Porém, em 12 de novembro de 1864, foi aprisionado o navio
mercante/passageiros Marquês de Olinda,
de bandeira brasileira, pelo navio de guerra paraguaio Tacuari. Este é o primeiro ato bélico entre tropas paraguaias e súditos
do Império. O apresamento do navio, tripulação, passageiros e carga na vigência
de Tratados de Livre Navegação nos rios da Prata, sem prévia denuncia do
tratado ou de declaração de guerra foi ato do presidente paraguaio Francisco
Solano López e levou os dois países, mais a Argentina e o Uruguai a uma guerra
que durou até março de 1870, causando milhares de mortes. 

Entra para a história por uma
intervenção trágica na sua rotina. De barco de passageiros e cargas, de
bandeira brasileira, passa a navio de guerra, armado com quatro canhões, de
bandeira paraguaia. 

OBS. O texto é parte editada de um artigo que
estamos desenvolvendo sobre o inicio da Guerra do Paraguai, tendo como vetor a
história do navio Marquês de Olinda.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;