A Arte Persa
Autor: Tá tudo junto e misturado | Publicado: 2012-03-19T19:03:00-07:00




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A
Arte Persa

A arte persa foi a mais
pura manifestação de poder do Império Persa. Representada através da construção
de grandiosas estruturas arquitetônicas (palácios e túmulos), contando com
luxuosas decorações construídas para a exaltação dos grandes monarcas e dos
grandes chefes persas.

·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;

A arte persa recebeu grande contribuição dos estilos
mesopotâmicos e egípcios. A arquitetura persa teve, contudo, caráter bastante
original na harmoniosa combinação dos elementos estrangeiros, no luxo da decoração
e na grandiosidade das estruturas, porém não podemos considerar a arquitetura
persa como uma arte popular. A arquitetura persa foi, sobretudo, uma criação
dos reis para a sua própria exaltação. Um exemplo de tamanha glorificação é a
cidade de Persépolis, hoje Irã, construída em 520 a.C., que foi uma das grandes
capitais do Império Persa.


Persépolis – arquitetura
imponente, trabalhada em prata e ouro. Esculturas em relevo simbolizam
oferendas ao rei.

A existência de cidades como Pasárgada e Susa demonstraram
claramente – através dos seus imensos palácios e de seus salões magníficos
sustentados por colunas de estilo extremamente original, e pelos capitéis com
motivos baseados em cabeças de cavalo, águia ou touro – a arte dos grandes
soberanos persas. As grandes construções continham revestimento de ladrilhos
esmaltados em tonalidades vivas que geraram grande efeito ornamental. O bronze marchetado
era usado nas portas. O ouro e a prata foram também cuidadosamente trabalhados.


Pasárgada – Túmulo de Ciro
– O primeiro Imperador da Pérsia


Palácio do Rei Dario I, o
Grande&nbsp;

A escultura persa era acentuadamente assíria. O mais famoso
relevo é o de Behistum, rocha gigantesca de 456 metros de altura, coberta de
inscrições e entalhes que narram episódios da história persa.


O Monumento de Behistum

Dadas as concepções religiosas do zoroastrismo (religião
monoteísta fundada pelo profeta Zaratustra) não houve uma arquitetura religiosa
na Pérsia, porém, em diversas partes do atual Irã, ainda são encontradas mesas de
pedra chamadas de lugares de fogo que foram antigos altares do culto zoroástrico.
Mais tarde, a arte persa sofreu forte influência grega, sobretudo após a
conquista de Alexandre Magno, quando o rígido esquematismo das
representações do corpo humano foi substituído pela liberdade plástica helênica