Primeiro artigo publicado!
Autor: Ana Karem | Publicado: 2011-03-03T06:22:00-08:00

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SUICÍDIO: PATOLOGIA OU CONSEQUÊNCIA DE CRISES SOCIAIS?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ana Karem Brito Oliveira*Elma Monteiro de Souza* Suzi Liliane Pamplona Reis Nobre* &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A temática do suicídio é a questão de preocupação nacional e internacional. Pesquisadores do mundo inteiro sinalizam interesse por essa área. Nesse contexto, o sociólogo Emile Durkheim aprofundou seus estudos na produção da obra: O Suicídio, em 1982.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sendo um fato preocupante, o ponto principal que entra em questão é o seguinte: o que leva um ser humano a tirar a sua própria vida? Pensava-se antes que a prática do suicídio estava relacionada a perturbações funcionais do cérebro. No entanto, essa visão sofreu evoluções ao longo do tempo, tendo em vista o contexto em que está inserido o suicida. Atualmente, com tantos conflitos sociais, crises na economia, na estrutura do Estado e, principalmente, na vida pessoal, o homem e a mulher sentem-se pressionados, e uma das alternativas de escapar destes problemas é suicidando-se. Como entender tal questão?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Analisando as concepções de Émile Durkheim (1855-1917) na obra O Suicídio -1982, o sociólogo renascentista propôs-se a estudar a sociedade, percebe-se que o suicídio está inteiramente ligado em como o homem consegue interagir com as crises enfrentadas. Segundo o referido autor “não é a crise que se deve salutar influência [...], mas as lutas causadas pela crise. Forçando os homens a se unirem para enfrentar o perigo comum, o individuo pensa menos em si mesmo e mais na causa comum”. (DURKHEIM, 1982; p.161)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; É importante verificar que a prática do suicídio varia negativamente quanto ao modo de enfrentar uma crise. Vale ressaltar também que os casos de suicídio, muitas vezes, tornam-se imperativos, uma vez que exercem influência sob outros indivíduos que venham a enfrentar crises semelhantes.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tais pressupostos encontram-se presentes também em Macapá, pois, de acordo com o Ministério da Saúde (MS), entre 1994 e 2004, a cidade de Macapá liderava o ranking de mortalidade por suicídio, com 13,6% de mortes para cada 100 mil homens. Esses quantitativos mostram que o problema atinge pessoas de todas as idades, sexos e níveis sociais.Portanto, o suicídio não é um fenômeno inevitável e pode ser prevenido de diversas formas, já que ele está relacionado, como visto anteriormente, a uma complexa interação de fatores causais, incluindo entre outros motivos a dependência química, isolamento social, problemas econômicos, conflitos de diversas naturezas psicológicas. Todos os integrantes da sociedade podem tomar atitudes para reduzir o número de pessoas que tentam solucionar suas questões de vida com práticas suicidas e as coloquem novamente à ação humana voltada para a cidadania e para a vida qualitativa. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *Alunas do Curso de Licenciatura em Filosofia da Universidade do Estado do Amapá (UEAP)