U_LAB_SISTEMA DE ZONAS
Autor: Rafael Pierre | Publicado: 2013-06-25T21:42:00-07:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O Sistema
de Zonas está baseado numa escala completa de cinzentos (11 zonas que variam de
0 a 10) e também deve ser aplicado no pensamento técnico de uma boa fotografia
a cores.



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Quando a
cena é uma mistura equilibrada de tons (luzes/sombras), o fotômetro irá obter
uma medição confiável, mas não é sempre assim que acontece já que sempre que um
grupo dos tons predomina, haverá um desvio que conduzirá inevitavelmente à
sobreexpor ou subexpor esta parte da cena.



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Quando
fazemos a medição das luzes (fotometria), seja pelo visor ou pelo
fotómetro/flashmeter, e achamos a combinação correta entre velocidade x
abertura, a camera está a “dizer” que estamos na zona 5 do sistema, o que na
prática é a leitura média entre as altas luzes (brilhos) e as baixas luzes
(sombras) que é como o olho humano funciona mas com muito mais acuidade do que
o filme ou o sensor. A partir dai o fotógrafo é quem deve escolher qual será o
aspecto pretendido da imagem (contraste, volumetria, brilhos, densidade, etc)
alterando para mais ou para menos menos os valores de exposição (EV) na
abertura ou velocidade fazendo com que a imagem mude de zona para cima ou para
baixo na escala de cinzentos o que também pode ser configurado na função AEB de
cameras dslr para 3 variações 0, +1 -1). Na prática, se medir uma parede branca
iluminada pelo sol, o fotómetro vai enxergar como um cinza 18%. 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O mesmo
raciocínio se aplica à uma parede preta nas mesmas condições de iluminação
muito superior ou inferior a medida padrão (Zona 5=cartão 18%).



Fonte: http://www.fotografia-dg.com/sistema-zonas-fotografiamoda-retrato-beauty/