Autor: Jean | Publicado: 2013-10-24T16:04:00-03:00

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Explicação para 4º Questão – 

·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Oxirredução: Reações nas
quais um ou mais elementos têm alterados seus números de oxidação; são reações
com oxirredução.

Exemplo:

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Na primeira reação, o número de oxidação do Zn é alterado de zero (Zn)
para +2 (Zn(OH)2), e o átomo de &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mercúrio passa de +2 (HgO) para zero (Hg). Na segunda reação, todos os elementos
conservam seus números de oxidação.

·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Reações de dupla troca:
ocorrem entre dois reagentes compostos originando dois produtos compostos, veja
a equação que representa:

AB + CD → AD + BC

Para que esta reação aconteça é necessário que um dos produtos (AD ou BC),
quando comparado aos reagentes, se apresente menos ionizado, mais volátil ou
insolúvel.



·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Reações de síntese ou adição: &nbsp;As reações de síntese ou adição são
aquelas onde substâncias se juntam formando uma única substância. Representando
genericamente os reagentes por A e B, uma reação de síntese pode ser escrita
como: 
A + B ---&gt; AB



·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Reações de análise ou decomposição

As reações de análise ou decomposição são o oposto das reações de síntese, ou
seja, um reagente dá origem a produtos mais simples que ele. Escrevendo a
reação genérica fica fácil entender o que acontece: 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; AB ---&gt; A + B 



·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;Reações de deslocamento 
As reações de deslocamento ou de simples-troca merecem um pouco mais de
atenção do que as anteriores. Não que sejam complicadas, pois não são, mas por
alguns pequenos detalhes. Em sua forma genérica ela pode ser escrita como: 
AB + C ---&gt; A + CB