Explorando o Conhecimento Científico...
Autor: Rosiane Clemente | Publicado: 2012-10-04T16:01:00-07:00

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Quando pensamos em Educação, o conhecimento escolar torna-se
o assunto mais emergente em nossas reflexões. 

Organizado em forma de disciplinas, o conhecimento escolar
advém dos conhecimentos científicos, sendo, na escola, transformado para se
proceder ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem. 

As disciplinas são a reunião desses conhecimentos por área,
compreendendo a organização dos saberes científicos de modo a facilitar o
conhecimento escolar. Elas estão presentes no currículo escolar, e podem ser
trabalhadas sobre várias perspectivas: abordagem disciplinar, multidisciplinar,
transdisciplinar, pluridisciplinar e interdisciplinar.

A abordagem disciplinar trabalha com os conhecimentos, no
âmbito da disciplina, ou seja, com os saberes científicos organizados;

Já abordagem multidisciplinar, possibilita várias
intervenções sobre vários conhecimentos, não havendo um ponto de vista
integrador ou federador. 

Na abordagem transdiciplinar, há a transferência do conceito
de uma disciplina para outra, ou de uma área para outra, dentro de uma mesma
disciplina. 

Enquanto isso, a abordagem pluridisciplinar se utiliza de
vários conhecimentos, mas abre espaço para a construção de síntese pessoal.

Em se falando de abordagem interdisciplinar, muito em voga
nas discussões atuais sobre educação, há uma conversa entre as disciplinas, com
o objetivo de caminharem para o mesmo objetivo. Ela estuda, de modo múltiplo,
uma situação sob diversos aspectos, estando o seu foco no fenômeno, e não na
disciplina. Ela não visa suplantar as disciplinas, mas utilizá-las, visto que
são oportunidades de se restaurar o valor do conceito, estudando-o
profundamente.

Não existe uma abordagem melhor do que as outras, pois cada
uma delas trabalha os conceitos a partir de um enfoque específico. O que existe
é a necessidade de adequação das mesmas às necessidades que surgem no processo
de ensino e aprendizagem. 

Quando fazemos Educação Integral, estamos lidando com
pessoas, múltiplas, diferentes entre si, e com necessidades diversas.&nbsp; Neste caso, é imprescindível considerar que
as situações de ensino e aprendizagem são ricas e diferentes umas das outras, o
que gera a necessidade de se lançar mão de várias formas de se lidar com o
conhecimento.&nbsp; Assim sendo, o
profissional &nbsp;da Educação precisa ser
sensível o bastante para perceber a necessidade &nbsp;do momento e escolher a abordagem que atenda
às necessidades do grupo de educandos e educadores.