Água: definição e importâncias
Autor: Camila de Andrade Oliveira | Publicado: 2011-11-08T20:49:00-03:00

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 <![endif]-->A água é uma das substâncias mais abundantes em nosso planeta. Corresponde a aproximadamente 70% da superfície terrestre, porém atualmente menos de 3% dessa água é doce. Nesses 3% de água doce, a maior parte está concentrada nas geleiras, restando apenas uma pequena porcentagem dessa água para o consumo humano. A maior disponibilidade de água do mundo está nos oceanos, ou seja, água salgada, porém a água salgada não é própria para o consumo humano e o custo para purificá-la é alto.
Aproximadamente 80% do nosso organismo é composto por água. Dentre as importâncias da água, estão: o auxílio na prevenção de doenças como cálculo renal; atua na proteção do organismo contra o envelhecimento; é considerada o solvente universal, entre outras.
Apesar da água ser de grande importância mundial, ainda ocorre um grande desperdício dela. Mesmo sem perceber desperdiçamos água, por exemplo, quando no banho não desligamos o chuveiro para nos ensaboar, ou quando não fechamos a torneira ao escovar os dentes. Atualmente, 69% da água potável é usada na agricultura, 22% nas indústrias e apenas 9% é destinada ao consumo humano.
Muitas vezes ao jogarmos uma embalagem de bala no chão não imaginamos para onde ele vai. Pois é, aquele papel de bala não vai ficar ali e se desmaterializar com o tempo, o destino dele vai ser os rios e com os rios poluídos, seja por um simples papel de bala, ou por esgotos domésticos, efluentes industriais, agrotóxicos, etc., essa poluição vai alterar de alguma forma as propriedades físico-químicas da água.