Trabalho sobre a História da Televisão apresentado à disciplina Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação como parte dos requisitos exigidos pela Professora Onília..
Autor: Caminhos do Saber | Publicado: 2012-06-19T20:29:00-07:00

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Bárbara Evelyn

Camila mendes

&nbsp;Rosângela de Lima

&nbsp;Rosilene 



HISTÓRIA
DA TELEVISÃO



O
aparelho de televisão é uma invenção européia de 1920. A televisão como rede
transmissora de programas é uma invenção norte-americana no final dos anos 40.

Tudo
começou há muito tempo, em 1817 quando o cientista Jakob Berzelius descobriu e
isolou um elemento químico chamado selênio.&nbsp;



Em
1923, Wladimir Zworykin, um cientista russo naturalizado americano, inventou o
Iconoscópio. O mesmo era um tubo a vácuo, com células fotoelétricas, é
responsável por fazer uma varredura eletrônica das imagens até os dias atuais e
se tornou a base do olho na televisão. Quatro anos depois, Wladimir conseguiu
transmitir imagens a uma distância de 45 quilômetros, utilizando o Iconoscópio.




Ele
observou que este elemento tinha uma característica especial, era muito
sensível à luz.

Essa
descoberta iria ajudar muito na invenção da televisão. 

No
ano de 1926, depois de muitos estudos e experimentos, o escorcês John Logie
Baird criou uma espécie de câmera e por meio dela transmitiu pela primeira vez
na história imagens à distância. As imagens transmitidas foram de seu
laboratório para uma grande platéia composta de cientistas em Londres.









&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Essa
foi à primeira TV mecânica, criada por John Logie Baird





&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;





&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Aparelho de
TV de 1934





&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esta televisão transmitia imagens em PRETO e BRANCO.&nbsp;







&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Uma das primeiras TV’s em
cores





&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

Mesmo
com os rumores de transmissões coloridas desde os anos de 1940, somente em 1950
e 60 é que a TV em cores se popularizou no EUA e Europa. No Brasil, no ano de
1963, foi feita uma transmissão experimental em cores, mas somente nos anos 70
elas chegaram oficialmente à casa de alguns brasileiros.&nbsp;



A
invenção do controle remoto no início dos anos 50 impulsionou a compra de
televisores no mundo inteiro e também, revolucionou a forma com que se assistia
à televisão.&nbsp;



Primeiro
controle remoto



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;







Televisão
no Brasil



A
televisão no Brasil começou em 18 de setembro de 1950, trazida por Assis
Chateaubriand que fundou o primeiro canal de televisão no país, a TV Tupi.
Desde então a televisão cresceu no país e hoje representa um fator importante
na cultura popular moderna da sociedade brasileira.&nbsp;

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No mesmo ano foi apresentado o primeiro programa no
Brasil.

"TV na Taba", apresentado por Homero
Silva, foi o primeiro programa transmitido. Teve a participação de Lima Duarte,
Hebe Camargo, Mazzaropi, Ciccilo, Lia Aguiar, Vadeco, Ivon Cury, Lolita
Rodrigues, Wilma Bentivegna, Aurélio Campos, do jogador Baltazar e da orquestra
de George Henri.&nbsp;

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"Sua
vida me pertence", foi a primeira telenovela brasileira
a ir ao ar em 1951. Escrita por Walter Foster e estrelada pelo próprio Foster,
Lia de Aguiar, Vida Alves, José Parisi e Dionísio de Azevedo. Eram dois
capítulos por semana transmitidos pela Tupi. 

O
primeiro e mais importante teleteatro da TV brasileira, “Clube dos Artistas”
e a primeira adaptação do "Sítio do Pica-Pau Amarelo" de
Monteiro Lobato, escrita por Tatiana Belinky e dirigida por Júlio Gouveia.&nbsp;



Em
27 de Setembro de 1953 foi inaugurada a TV Record de São Paulo. 

No
ano de 1954 o primeiro seriado produzido no Brasil vai ao ar. Era estrelado por
Ayres Campos e Idalina de Oliveira, foi exibido na TV Record.&nbsp; "Capitão
7".&nbsp;



18
de Setembro de 1955 foi a data da primeira transmissão externa direta com a
transmissão do jogo Santos X&nbsp; Palmeiras, na Vila Belmiro, pela TV
Record



"Poliana",
a primeira telenovela infantil vai ao ar pela Tupi, com adaptação de Tatiana
Belinky e direção de Júlio Gouveia no ano de 1956&nbsp;.



O
videoteipe foi usado pela primeira vez no Brasil em 1958 no "TV de
Vanguarda", da TV Tupi de São Paulo, com a apresentação de "O
Duelo", de Guimarães Rosa.&nbsp;



Nos
anos 60 foram inauguradas a TV Bandeirantes e a TV Globo, uma das mais
importantes e influentes emissoras de TV da atualidade no Brasil.



A
Globo populariza a programação, apresentando programas de auditório (Sílvio
Santos, Chacrinha e Dercy Gonçalves).



Em
1º de Setembro, estréia o "Jornal Nacional", da Rede Globo,
marcando o início das operações em rede no Brasil. O noticiário era apresentado
por Heron Domingues e Léo Batista. Foi o primeiro programa regular a ser
transmitido em rede nacional&nbsp; e implementou um novo estilo de jornalismo
na TV brasileira.&nbsp;



Em
1973, vai ao ar pela primeira vez o programa "Fantástico", da
Rede Globo. Mesclando&nbsp; informação e variedades fazendo grande sucesso.



Em
1973, O programa "Caso Especial - Carnê de Baile", da Globo,
marca o início das transmissões de programas com imagens coloridas.&nbsp;



E
no mesmo ano, "O Bem Amado" da TV Globo foi à primeira novela
colorida.

"João
da Silva", a primeira telenovela educativa, vai ao ar.
Ela foi realizada pela TV Cultura de São Paulo no ano de 1974.



A
primeira emissora educativa a entrar no ar foi a TV Universitária de
Pernambuco, em 1967. Entre 1967 e 1974, surgiram nove emissoras educativas cuja
razão social e vinculação eram as mais diversas.



Os
Programas da TVE, inicialmente, eram presos ao “modelo aula pela TV”, a
tendência atual é a transmissão de programas com vários formatos mantendo a
educação como fio condutor. 



A TV educativa brasileira



A
primeira emissora educativa a entrar no ar foi a TV Universitária de
Pernambuco, em 1967. Entre 1967 e 1974, surgiram nove emissoras educativas cuja
razão social e vinculação eram as mais diversas.



Os
Programas da TVE, inicialmente, eram presos ao “modelo aula pela TV”, a
tendência atual é a transmissão de programas com vários formatos mantendo a
educação como fio condutor.&nbsp;



Importante
lembrar ...



As
transmissões possibilitaram, primeiramente, as transmissões de voz,
posteriormente de imagens e nos dias de hoje as transmissões de dados.