Painel Apresentado no V Encontro Nacional de Linguagem, História e Cultura-ENALIHC
Autor: Orilzo | Publicado: 2011-06-24T19:20:00-07:00

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Entre a ficção e a realidade: os efeitos de sentido dos filmes de violência sobre os espectadores.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Orilzo de Campos Silva1
INTRODUÇÃOO cinema é uma arte audiovisual que se caracteriza pela capacidade de retratar a realidade de forma ficcional ou documental. O artista cinematográfico utiliza elementos visuais que expressam a realidade e suscita debates sobre essa interpretação do real. A violência é um tema recorrente nas artes narrativas, mesmo nos primórdios das tragédias gregas, quando Aristóteles propõe que a tragédia tem um efeito catártico e, portanto, purificador das emoções de terror (phobos) e piedade (éleos).
JUSTIFICATIVAAs produções cinematográficas brasileiras têm retratado nas últimas décadas, de forma contundente, a violência vivida no meio social, em especial nos centros urbanos das grandes metrópoles, com destaque para o Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo. Sendo uma obra ficcional o filme Tropa de Elite 2, de José Padilha retrata, com verossimilhança precisa, a realidade nas favelas cariocas e proporciona uma leitura que leva em conta a tênue diferença entre realidade e ficção. Sob a ótica de projetar realisticamente formas de violência evidenciadas no cotidiano social o cinema expõe o público a mensagens audiovisuais que serão percebidas de maneira particular por cada indivíduo e que, portanto reagirá a tal influência e expressará em discurso ou mesmo em atos.
METODOLOGIAUm episódio, descrito e comentado em um artigo de Marcelo Lyra (2010), na Revista Língua Portuguesa, antes de o filme ser realizado, provocou, segundo o autor, susto nos moradores do morro Dona Marta, no Rio de Janeiro, em função de gravações com tomadas externas do filme, dada a grande veracidade das cenas. A análise dessa relação se dará com base em entrevistas, com diferentes perfis de espectadores, formuladas a partir do texto de Marcelo Lyra (2010), visando a verificar os efeitos de sentido das cenas de violência sobre os espectadores do filme Tropa de Elite 2 e, em consequência, a relação entre ficção e realidade.. 
RESULTADOS ESPERADOSAs implicações discursivas presentes nas opiniões, postadas no artigo, remetem à questão da violência e o cinema e como isso é observado pelos sujeitos, que estão presentes na realidade violenta, reproduzida no filme, e pelos espectadores, que observam tal violência, sob a ótica da arte cinematográfica. Os objetivos pretendidos por este trabalho compreendem analisar os efeitos de sentido da linguagem fílmica sobre violência em diferentes expectadores e compreender a relação realidade x ficção a partir dos efeitos de sentido da linguagem cinematográfica sobre o expectador, em filmes que apresentem cenas de violência. 
1-Acadêmico de Letras Campus de Cáceres- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso