REFLEXÕES DE SEGUNDA-FEIRA
Autor: bonfimsalgado | Publicado: 2011-11-07T12:27:00-08:00





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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Vergonha!



&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Elton Simões (*) 

&nbsp; 

Chove com frequência em Vancouver. Quando isso
acontece nos fins de semana, fico em casa. Leio muito nessas horas e, para
mitigar a solidão, deixo a TV ligada. Em um desses meus momentos solitários, a
TV reportava que, no Japão, apesar dos terremotos, das falhas nas usinas
nucleares, e da falta de alimentos, não haviam ocorrido episódios de violência,
saques ou desordem.

Uma
senhora de meia idade foi entrevistada na fila onde as rações de alimentos
estavam sendo distribuídas. Perguntada por que, diante da perspectiva de falta
de alimento, ela esperava calmamente pela sua vez na fila, ela singelamente
respondeu: “Porque se agisse de outra maneira, traria grande vergonha para mim
e minha família.”. Achei interessante que ela tenha usado a palavra “vergonha”.

De fato,
pesquisas conduzidas por John Braithwaite, da Australian National University
(ANU), apontam para o fato de que, sociedades nas quais a vergonha é parte
importante da cultura, sofrem menos com criminalidade, violência e corrupção.

A
possibilidade de experimentar o sentimento de vergonha externamente, atraves da
sanção ou condenação por membros da familia e da sociedade; e internamente,
através das noções de certo e errado advindas do processo de socialização,
contribui para a criação de uma sociedade mais justa e pacifica.

Ética,
portanto, é ao mesmo tempo uma questão individual, cultural e coletiva. É
preciso uma aldeia para educar uma criança.

Nesta
ótica, crime, violência e corrupção são vistos como ofensas à comunidade, e não
ao Estado. Deve-se fazer o que é certo, e não o que é meramente legal. As ações
devem se orientar pelo campo da ética, e não do direito.

Trata-se
de restaurar os danos e as relações entre pessoas, e não de punir ofensas ao
Estado. Trata-se de restaurar relações, e não de fabricar presos.

Existe
algo fundamentalmente errado quando, em uma sociedade, as noções de legalidade
ou ilegalidade substituem as noções de certo e errado. Quando o sistema
jurídico fica mais importante que a ética. Quando o compromisso com o bem-estar
da comunidade se esconde atrás de nossa consciência adormecida. Nesta hora,
perdemos a vergonha.

A vida
não cabe em um conjunto de leis. Ela é maior que isso. Não cabe em livros ou
códigos. Não cabe no direito. A vida é dinâmica, fluida, contraditória e cheia
de dilemas. Em uma sociedade pacifica, organizada e evoluída, a ética precede a
legalidade. As pessoas têm vergonha. Nestes tempos de apagão ético, talvez seja
isso o que nos falte.



(*) Elton
Simoes mora
no Canada há 2 anos. Formado em Direito (PUC); Administração de Empresas (FVG);
MBA (INSEAD), com Mestrado em Resolução de Conflitos (Univesity of Victoria).
Email: esimoes@uvic.ca.&nbsp;A partir de hoje,
será publicado aqui às segundas-feiras.Siga o Blog
do Noblat no twitter