O processo de mercado
Autor: Thyago Américo Schio | Publicado: 2014-03-09T16:23:00-03:00

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Na teoria
econômica, corriqueiramente se entende o mercado como sendo algo estático em
determinado ponto do tempo, sendo a ação dos agentes apenas exógena aos eventos.
O entendimento do mercado como sendo um processo de contínuo ajuste buscando um
equilíbrio, sendo os empresários agentes de mudança e um foco da análise, ainda
é marginalizado nos textos de economia.&nbsp;



Um dos teóricos
que introduziu na análise econômica o papel do empresário (ao lado de Schumpeter) foi Israel Kirzner. Este
entendeu o mercado como sendo um processo, e não algo estático. Em seu livro An Essay on Capital, cita ele:



“O processo de mercado consiste
na cadeia de eventos que dele deriva a partir da interação neste mercado das
decisões de numerosos participantes. Estes tomadores de decisões percebem, no
início, que as oportunidades que estão sendo oferecidas a eles no mercado (em
virtude das decisões dos outros) são diferentes (às vezes mais, às vezes menos
atraente) do que aquelas originalmente esperadas. A partir das lições
aprendidas no mercado, segue então um padrão sistemático de ajuste e revisão
nas decisões tomadas pelos participantes do mercado. Este padrão de ajustamento
constitui o processo de mercado”.