Pigmentação Celular
Autor: Biomedicina | Publicado: 2010-10-13T15:24:00-07:00

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 <![endif]-->   &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O acúmulo anormal de pigmentos ou a sua diminuição também são indicativos de que a célula sofreu agressões. Uma pigmentação anormal é mais um sinal de perda da homeostase e da morfostase celular, portanto, é patológica. A pigmentação patológica pode ser exógena, cujos pigmentos são de origem externa ao organismo, ou endógena, formada a partir de pigmentos naturais do corpo.
&nbsp; Pigmentação exógena:
 ANTRACOSE: pigmentação por sais de carbono. Comum sua passagem pelas vias aéreas, chegando aos alvéolos pulmonares e ao linfonodos regionais por intermédio da fagocitose do pigmento. A antracose em si não gera grandes problemas, mas sua evolução pode originar disfunções pulmonares graves, principalmente em profissionais que constantemente entram em contato com a poeira de carvão. Cor: varia do amarelo-escuro ao negro.
SIDEROSE: pigmentação por óxido de ferro. Cor: ferrugem.&nbsp;
ARGIRIA: pigmentação por sais de prata. Geralmente é oriunda por contaminação sistêmica por medicação, manifestando-se principalmente na pele e na mucosa bucal. Cor: acinzentada a azul-escuro e enegrecida se a prata sofrer redução.
 BISMUTO: Atualmente é rara de ser vista, sendo comum na terapia para sífilis. Cor: enegrecida.
SATURNISMO: contaminação por sais de chumbo. Cor: azulada ou negra, dependendo da profundidade do tecido onde se encontra. Na gengiva, a contaminação por sais de chumbo ou bismuto produz uma coloração negra denominada de LINHA DE BURTON.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; É importante ressatar que a patologia das pigmentações centra-se no fato de que estão presentes não somente cores diferentes no local, mas também, e principalmente, substâncias estranhas aos tecidos, provocando as chamadas reações inflamatórias. Os agentes pigmentadores exógenos, assim, constituem, antes de mais nada, fatores de agressão, ao contrário dos agentes pigmentadores endógenos, naturais no organismo, cuja presença indica que o tecido está sofrendo algum tipo de agressão não necessariamente provocado pelo pigmento.