OIT permite acumular adicionais de insalubridade e de periculosidade.
Autor: Sindimina/SE | Publicado: 2015-06-17T18:35:00-03:00

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em Clipping,
Jurisprudência 

Duas convenções da Organização
Internacional do Trabalho garantem a acumulação de adicionais de insalubridade
e periculosidade. Por essa razão, a 7ª Turma do 
Tribunal Superior do Trabalho
afastou a aplicação do artigo 193, parágrafo 2º, da Consolidação das Leis do
Trabalho, que obriga o trabalhador a optar por um dos adicionais.



O colegiado apontou que as convenções
148 e 155 da OIT, ratificadas pelo Brasil, são hierarquicamente superiores à
legislação trabalhista. “A possibilidade da cumulação se justifica em virtude
de os fatos geradores dos direitos serem diversos,” destacou o relator do
processo, ministro Cláudio Brandão.

A decisão beneficia uma dentista que,
segundo o laudo pericial, ao fazer restaurações, estava exposta a condições
insalubres em grau máximo, devido ao contato com mercúrio, agente tóxico
previsto na Norma Regulamentadora 15 do Ministério de Trabalho. A perícia
também concluiu pela periculosidade em razão do contato com radiações
ionizantes e substâncias radioativas.

O relator explicou que a insalubridade
tutela a saúde do trabalhador, devido às condições nocivas presentes no meio
ambiente de trabalho. Já a periculosidade traduz situação de perigo iminente que,
uma vez ocorrida, pode retirar a vida do trabalhador. O caso da dentista se
enquadrou nas duas situações.

Dessa forma, a Turma negou provimento
ao recurso de um centro clínico contra decisão do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho
da 4ª Região que também reconheceu a possibilidade de acumulação e condenou a
empresa ao pagamento dos dois adicionais com reflexos nas verbas trabalhistas.
No recurso, a clínica havia apontado justamente a violação do artigo 193,
parágrafo 2º, da CLT.



Normas internacionais



Para o ministro que relatou o caso, a
norma da CLT que exige que o trabalhador opte por um dos adicionais se tornou
inaplicável com ratificação pelo Brasil das convenções 148 e 155 da OIT, que
têm status de norma constitucional “ou, pelo menos, supralegal”, conforme a
jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal.

Com isso, as normas anteriormente
editadas se submetem ao novo regramento introduzido e, com isso, deixam de ter
“aderência constitucional”, condição imprescindível para que possam continuar a
produzir efeitos. A decisão foi unânime e já transitou em julgado. Com
informações da Assessoria de Imprensa do TST.
(
RR-773-47.2012.5.04.0015 )