O Mate de Boden (Xeques Mates Famosos)
Autor: Mario Vaz Jr | Publicado: 2012-10-01T11:27:00-07:00








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O xeque MATE DE BODEN
trata-se de uma manobra no jogo de xadrez em que se sacrifica uma peça maior
(Torre ou Dama) para abrir linhas/colunas contra o Rei adversário, geralmente
enrocado grande, permitindo que um dos Bispos, ajudado pela ação cruzada do
outro Bispo, execute o xeque mate (veja diagrama abaixo).







Samuel Standidge
Boden (1826-1882), um dos melhores enxadristas da época, deu nome a esta
manobra após utilizá-la com brilhantismo em uma partida que disputou, conduzindo
as peças negras, contra Schulder, no ano de 1853 em Londres.



A seguir reproduzimos
a partida entre Edward Lasker e Fritz Englund, disputada em Scheveningen no ano
de 1913, partida na qual Lasker pode aplicar a manobra típica do mate de Boden.



1.e4 e5 2.Cf3 Cc6 3.Cc3 Cf6 4.Ab5 Cd4 5.Cxe5 De7 6.Cf3 Cxe4 7.O-O
Cxc3 8.dxc3 Cxf3+ 9.Dxf3 Dc5 10.Te1+ Ae7 11.Ad3 d5 12.Ae3 Dd6 13.Af4 Df6 14.Dxd5!
c6 15.De4 Ae6 16.Te3 Ac5 17.Ae5 Dh6 18.Tg3 Af8 19.Td1 O-O-O?? (ver diagrama).







Englund já estava em
uma posição claramente inferior, mas a decisão de realizar o roque grande
permitiu a Lasker executar uma combinação brilhante baseada no mate de Boden. A
partida seguiu: 20.Dxc6+!!
bxc6 21.Aa6++.





No diagrama seguir
veremos uma variante do mate de Boden no qual a peça que se encarrega de dar o
xeque mate é uma Torre. A solução para este problema é bastante simples e passa
por abrir linhas sobre o roque contrário sacrificando uma das Torres. 







Vamos à seqüência
ganhadora: 1.Txc6+!, forçando as negras a capturarem a Torre com 1...bxc6, o que permite que as brancas arrematem a partida com 2.Tb8++. 



Neste caso convém
destacar a ação do Bispo de casas brancas que ao cravar o Cavalo negro impede a
captura da Torre com 2...Cxb8.



By José Pérez