Ectoparasitas
Autor: Fran | Publicado: 2011-11-18T12:59:00-08:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; As pulgas são ectoparasitos da classe
Insecta, ordem Suctoria, com até cinco mm de comprimento e sem asas, com pernas
fortes e peças bucais adaptadas para a alimentação hematófaga, podendo
parasitar aves e mamíferos. São parasitas que causam desconforto aos seus
hospedeiros, além de dermatites alérgicas, viroses, vermes e doenças bacterianas.
As espécies mais comumente encontradas são: Pulex irritans,&nbsp; Xenopsylla cheopis, Tunga penetrans, Ctenocephalides
felis felis e Ctenocephalides canis.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Já os piolhos, pertencentes à mesma
classe já citada, ordem Mallophaga, família, Menoponidae, são ectoparasitas
obrigatórios permanentes de aves e mamíferos, possuem menos de um cm, sua
cabeça é mais larga que o tórax, possuem armadura bucal mastigadora, mas ao
contrário das pulgas, eles não são hematófagos, ápteros, e sua metamorfose é
incompleta, são conhecidos como falsos piolhos.



Pulgas

Pulex irritans

Classificação

ü&nbsp; Classe: Insecta

ü&nbsp; Família: Pulicidae stephens

ü&nbsp; Gênero: Pulex

Morfologia:

ü&nbsp; Corpo ovalado e de coloração castanho-escura lúcida

ü&nbsp; Cabeça com cerda anterior aos olhos

ü&nbsp; Occipício com apenas uma cerda

ü&nbsp; Sem ctenídeos

ü&nbsp; Macho mede até 2,5mm e fêmea mede até 4mm

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Características



ü&nbsp; Hospedeiros: homem, suínos, caninos e felinos

ü&nbsp; Localização: pele

Importância

ü&nbsp; Pode ser transmissora da peste bubônica, HI do Dipylidium
caninum.

Ciclo





Xenopsylla cheopis

Classificação

ü&nbsp; Classe: Insecta

ü&nbsp; Família: Pulicidae stephens

ü&nbsp; Gênero: Xenopsylla Glinkiewic

Morfologia

ü&nbsp; Macho com cerda sensilial

ü&nbsp; Femea com o corpo da espermateca menor que o apêndice

ü&nbsp; Macho com ate 2mm e fêmea com ate 2,7mm

ü&nbsp; &nbsp;

Ctenocephalides





a pulga
do homem é uma espécie cosmopolita e ataca também outros hospedeiros, como
cães, gatos e porcos. Raramente é encontrada no rato.