Curiosidade: Dieta pobre em proteínas durante gestação é fator de risco para doenças complexas na fase adulta, aponta estudo
Autor: Reproferty | Publicado: 2011-08-08T09:42:00-07:00

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Entre todos os aspectos que devem ser observados durante a gravidez, a alimentação da gestante tem sido foco de inúmeras pesquisas ao longo dos últimos anos. Em recente estudo, pesquisadores da Unidade de Nutrição Humana, na França, apontaram que a dieta mantida durante a gestação e a lactação pode ser determinante para a saúde do bebê na fase adulta.Segundo os autores, a nutrição da gestante tem um papel importante no desenvolvimento de doenças complexas como obesidade, diabetes ou hipertensão na fase adulta do bebê. A pesquisa teve como foco as consequências da nutrição materna no período perinatal (gestação seguida da lactação) sobre modificações do genoma.
Para o estudo foram utilizados dois grupos de modelos animais gestantes, um alimentado com uma dieta contendo 22% de proteínas desde o primeiro dia de gestação até o desmame (grupo controle) e outro com uma dieta pobre, com 10% de proteínas. A partir do desmame, todos os filhotes foram alimentados com uma dieta controle.
  Baixa no consumo de proteína pode gerar indivíduos mais fracos
  Os resultados mostraram que os ratos jovens cujas mães tinham sido alimentadas com a dieta de baixa proteína tornaram-se adultos mais magros em comparação aos do outro grupo controle, porém apresentaram distúrbios metabólicos.
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 <![endif]-->  Para os autores, há uma relação direta entre as consequências da deficiência de proteína durante o período perinatal e a alteração do modo como o gene da leptina – o hormônio do apetite – é produzido. O gene da leptina é fundamental para o equilíbrio energético do corpo: é o hormônio que regula as reservas de gordura. “Este trabalho mostra o tipo de processo molecular que ocorre durante o período perinatal, que deixa uma ‘marca’ nos genes do feto e por isso afeta toda a vida do indivíduo”.
  “A compreensão dos mecanismos desse tipo de programação dos genes é importante para, no futuro, definir as políticas de prevenção para algumas condições, que são um grande problema de saúde pública. Este tipo de estudo também é útil tanto para novas técnicas de reprodução assistida como para nutrição de bebês muito prematuros nos hospitais”, concluem.  &nbsp;Fonte: Uol