Diagnóstico
Autor: Jakson agente de endemias | Publicado: 2011-06-19T17:14:00-07:00

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Diagnóstico

O diagnóstico pode ser:
Usando microscópio para buscar o parasita      no sangue do paciente, o que é possível apenas na fase aguda após cerca de      2 semanas depois da picada. Detecta mais de 60% dos casos nesta fase.
Xenodiagnóstico,      onde o paciente é intencionalmente picado por barbeiros não contaminados      e, quatro semanas depois, seu intestino é examinado em busca de parasitas;      ou pela inoculação de sangue do doente em animais de laboratório e      verificação se desenvolvem a doença aguda.
Detecção      do DNA do      parasita por PCR      (reação em cadeia da polimerase).
Detecção      de anticorpos      específicos contra o parasita no sangue. É útil nos casos crónicos mas a      distinção entre estes e as curas é difícil. Os testes sorológicos sendo os      mais utilizados a imunofluorescência      indireta (IFI), hemaglutinação (HAI) e      'enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay' (ELISA).[15]
Testes de maiores complexidades como o teste molecular, utilizando 'Polymerase Chain Reaction' (PCR) acoplado à hibridização com sondas moleculares, e o Western blot (WB) têm apresentado resultados promissores e poderão ser utilizados como teste confirmatório tanto na fase aguda como nas formas crônicas da doença (segundo Consenso do Ministério da Saúde em 2005).[15]