Autor: Donnamaria,R.M. | Publicado: 2014-05-21T19:22:00-07:00


O
DESENVOLVIMENTO&nbsp; FUNCIONAL&nbsp;DO&nbsp; SISTEMA ESTOMATOGANÁTICO



&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Regina Donnamaria Morais – Fonoaudióloga



Todas
as mudanças biológicas, anatômicas e funcionais que ocorrem no ser humano caminham de forma paralela e &nbsp;integradas de maneira que&nbsp; se torna difícil traçar um aspecto preponderante e responsável pelo desenvolvimento dos demais. &nbsp;Assim, tanto o &nbsp;desenvolvimento no aspecto biológico como o Anatômico e Funcional são interdependentes e &nbsp;dependentes da integridade de um sistema
nervoso central ( SNC),&nbsp;&nbsp;sem o qual não é possível &nbsp;um desenvolvimento funcional. 

O
desenvolvimento do sistema estomatoganático pode ser um representante desta
afirmação onde a maturação do sistema nervoso central, as estruturas
ósseas&nbsp; e as funções são observadas em
conjunto.

O
primeiro ano de vida é de extrema importância para o aprendizado do bebê
partindo de um modelo de movimento de sucção para a mordida e mastigação.&nbsp;

A
presença de peças dentárias ( dentes) e &nbsp;a postura anti gravitacional,&nbsp;&nbsp;trazem&nbsp;&nbsp;uma estabilidade&nbsp;à Articulação temporo mandibular ( ATM), capacitando a criança a &nbsp; lidar com distintos tipos de alimentos incluindo os sólidos.

&nbsp;A permanência de alimentos &nbsp;pastosos ou &nbsp;em pedaço muito pequenos, não favorecem uma ampliação qualitativa dos movimentos verticais e &nbsp;de
rotação da mandíbula, limitando os arcos de movimento da lingua dentro do espaço oral,&nbsp;diminuindo o trabalho de&nbsp; força muscular&nbsp; responsáveis pela articulacão dos sons da
fala.

Após
o primeiro ano de vida, quanto mais a criança se desenvolve no aspecto motor &nbsp;e &nbsp;no equilíbrio postural, maior será a dissociação da língua dentro da
boca e mais diversificados serão os &nbsp;movimentos &nbsp;mandíbulares, conferindo uma evolução do modelo infantil &nbsp;de mastigação para o modelo&nbsp;&nbsp;adulto de mastigação.

Este
trabalho natural da musculatura funcional oral auxilia na manutenção do tonus
muscular postural &nbsp;para o equilíbrio do desenvolvimento da oclusão &nbsp; e &nbsp;da produção da fala.

Evolutivamente, cada
vez mais &nbsp;a criança se torna&nbsp;&nbsp;hábil o suficiente, para lidar com
qualquer tipo de alimento &nbsp;sólidos bem como com os sons articulados da fala humana.


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Regina
Donnamaria Morais