O que é sistema MRT - Monofilar com Retorno por Terra ?
Autor: Prof. Cide | Publicado: 2014-01-19T17:43:00-03:00

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As redes de distribuição Monofilares com Retorno por Terra – MRT são
sistemas &nbsp;monofásicos (fase + neutro),
notadamente construídos com transformadores que possuem apenas um cabo na parte
de alta tensão, sendo o retorno (fio neutro) efetuado através de haste
aterrada.&nbsp; 









Sabemos que nas zonas rurais as cargas são geralmente
pequenas que raramente são necessários três condutores para atender a necessidades
de energia elétrica, dos consumidores rurais. Além disso, freqüentemente
encontramos consumidores situados, um a cada 1,5 km e, com demandas médias de 2
kVA.





As principais vantagens do sistema MRT são: 



a) eliminação das cruzetas e ferragens associadas;




b) eliminação de um isolador de alta tensão por poste (em relação ao
sistema fase/fase);




c) simplificação da construção, permitindo maior rapidez e menores custos;




d) utilizam estações transformadoras mais simples e baratas, pois os
transformadores têm somente uma bucha de alta tensão e exigindo, portanto um
único pára-raios e uma chave monofásica;




e) possibilidade de usar o neutro comum na alta e na baixa tensão.









Esses sistemas alcançam em média uma redução de custo de
aproximadamente 20 a 30%, em relação aos sistemas fase/fase, pois a sua
construção é simples e possuem menores custos de manutenção e operação.