Compensação de Horas, Banco de Horas e Horas Extras são coisas diferentes!!
Autor: Alexandre A. de T. Sartori | Publicado: 2016-07-21T05:31:00-07:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; É usual no trabalho haver
compensação de horas e o pagamento de horas extras. O Banco de Horas é uma
situação de exceção (pelo menos deveria
ser, devido aos riscos ao empregado e ao empregador...)









&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hora
Extras




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; São pagas quando houver determinação
da chefia ou responsável legal para que o trabalhador exerça suas atividades
além da jornada de trabalho normal. São as horas extraordinárias. Estas horas
excedentes não podem ser lançadas em banco de horas ou compensadas após o mês
em que foram realizadas, a menos se houver Acordo ou Convenção Coletiva de
Trabalho pactuado entre a instituição e o Sindicato.









&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Compensação
de horas






&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; É aceito por acordo direto entre o
trabalhador e a instituição, ou previsão em Acordo 
ou Convenção Coletiva de
Trabalho: o excesso de horas em um dia pode ser compensado pela correspondente
diminuição em outro dia, ou vice-versa, dentro da mesma semana, podendo ser
dentro até do mesmo mês.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Após esse período, havendo horas
excedentes, deverão ser pagas como horas extras.









&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Banco
de Horas




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; É um artifício legal utilizado para
situações de exceção, como quando houver excesso de demanda de trabalho, ou
diminuição excessiva, de atividades na instituição, de modo que a hora
realizada a mais poderá ser compensada em até um ano, sem remuneração extraordinária.





&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Somente poderá existir Banco de Horas em conselhos e
ordens se houver Acordo ou Convenção Coletiva de Trabalho pactuado entre a
instituição e o sindicato, pois pode representar prejuízo
potencial ao empregado muito maior que a compensação de horas, devido ao longo
período (até um ano!) em que pode ser efetivada a compensação. 




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Um Acordo mal elaborado gera
prejuízos tanto para o empregado quanto para o empregador. Ao empregado, poderá
violar normas que atingem diretamente sua saúde, segurança, bem como o seu
lazer e convívio social, elementos indispensáveis para uma vida laboral sadia.
Ao empregador, poderá pagar mal e em dobro, uma vez que o banco de horas
inválido torna-se nulo e obriga a instituição ao pagamento das horas
suplementares. 









&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Há conselhos profissionais e ordens
que insistem em manter Banco de Horas à revelia da lei, ou seja, sem pactuação
em Acordo Coletivo com o sindicato, justificando que é uma forma de gestão de horas mais flexível e benéfica ao empregado,
pois poderá compensar em folgas durante o ano. 




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   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
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<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>

 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal";
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
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<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]>
 
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]>
 
  
 <![endif]-->




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; - a hora adicional realizada fosse
considerada no saldo no banco de horas tal qual no pagamento como hora extra
(por exemplo, se 2 horas adicionais pagas com acréscimo de 20% fossem
computadas como 2 horas e 24 minutos no saldo do banco);




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; - a folga fosse controlada pelo
empregado;




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; - fossem estabelecidas as situações
de trabalho que estariam sujeitas ao banco de horas;




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; - o prazo para a compensação fosse
reduzido.




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mas isto não ocorre!




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Banco de Horas somente tem validade se ratificado em
Acordo ou Convenção de Trabalho entre o sindicato e a instituição.




&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Algumas instituições tentam maquiar a legalidade do uso
do banco de horas por meio da publicação de atos próprios, como portarias, atos
administrativos ou deliberações. Essa gambiarra prejudica o trabalhador, pois
não tem validade perante a Justiça do Trabalho! Nesse caso, as horas
extraordinárias devem ser pagas na sua totalidade!














&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Consulte seu conselho! Consulte seu sindicato! Valorize
seu trabalho! &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Denuncie!

Fonte: Súmula TST nº85, revisada, disponível em http://www.tst.jus.br/sumulas.