Lei de Coulomb 
Autor: Henrique Moura | Publicado: 2016-05-05T13:12:00-07:00

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A Lei de Coulomb foi proposta pelo
físico Charles Augustin Coulomb, no ano de 1725, e faz uma relação entre a
intensidade da força eletrostática entre dois corpos carregados eletricamente.






Denominamos de carga elétrica puntiforme o corpo eletrizado cujas dimensões são
desprezíveis em relação às distâncias que o separam de outros corpos. Caso
consideremos duas cargas elétricas Q1 e Q2, separadas por
uma distância d e situadas no vácuo, dependendo do sinal das cargas
elas podem se atrair ou se repelir.




Cargas elétricas de sinais contrários atraem-se

Assim, podemos definir que as cargas elétricas de
mesmo sinal exercem uma força que as mantém separadas, já as cargas com sinais
contrários exercem uma força de atração entre si. Essa força foi analisada por
Charles Augustin Coulomb.

Coulomb foi o responsável por desenvolver a teoria que hoje chamamos de
Lei de Coulomb.

Essa lei enuncia que a intensidade da força eletrostática entre duas cargas
elétricas é diretamente proporcional ao produto dos módulos das cargas
elétricas e inversamente proporcional ao quadrado da distância que as separa.

Podemos escrever:




Onde:

F → é a força elétrica entre as cargas
k → é a constante eletrostática no vácuo (ko = 9 x 109
N.m2/C2)
Q → carga elétrica
d → distância

Unidades no SI:

Cargas Q1 e Q2
– coulomb (C)
Distância d – metro (m)
Força elétrica F – newton (N)
Constante eletrostática k – N.m2/C2


Por Domiciano Marques
Graduado em Física







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