Fontes do Direito – Doutrina, Costumes, Negócios Jurídicos e Poder Normativo de grupos sociais - IED
Autor: Faculdade Baiana de Direito Turma B 2011.1 | Publicado: 2011-05-19T06:39:00-07:00

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a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Doutrina: Conjunto de obras e pareceres jurídicos de estudiosos do direito que contribuem para a formação e modificação do ordenamento jurídico. Menos influência normativa, menor poder de transformação. Papel crítico: A partir das críticas doutrinárias o direito evolui. Exerce papel na interpretação e aplicação do direito: Utilizada como argumento de autoridade, fundamenta-se uma peça a partir dos argumentos de um doutrinador. Embora não tenha força normativa imediata, possui papel crítico no direito.b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Costumes: Prática social reiterada. Algo que a sociedade pratica habitualmente, costumeiramente. Se torna relevante para o direito quando surge uma necessidade de ser absorvida juridicamente. É a fonte mais antiga do direito. Podem ser classificados em :1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Secundum legem: Contribuem na formação e/ou elaboração da norma.2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Proeter legem: Coexistem com o ordenamento sem interferir na sua formação e suprindo as suas lacunas.3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Contra legem: &nbsp;São contrários a lei. Contribuem para o desuso da norma. Em alguns âmbitos os costumes têm papel diferenciado à No Direito Internacional o que prevalece são as práticas costumeiras. No Direito Comercial os costumes são importantes na criação das normas que o regulam.c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Negócios Jurídicos: Normas estabelecidas entre particulares, produto de um acordo de vontades. Ex: Contratos. No Direito Privado, negócios jurídicos de prática reincidente contribuem na regulamentação destes.d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Poder Normativo dos Grupos Sociais: Determinados grupos da sociedade tem reconhecido pelo direito a possibilidade de criar o seu próprio regulamento.