Morre a ex-primeira-ministra britânica Margaret Thatcher
Autor: Ewerton Ramos | Publicado: 2013-04-08T18:30:00-03:00

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Ideias de Thatcher
influenciaram economia brasileira nos anos 1990








O
impacto das ideias defendidas pela ex-primeira-ministra britânica Margaret
Thatcher, que morreu nesta segunda-feira aos 87 anos, foi muito além da Europa
e atingiu também outras partes do mundo, como a América Latina, onde a Dama de
Ferro continua tendo defensores e detratores fervorosos.



Thatcher
e outros líderes, como o presidente americano Ronald Reagan (1911-2004),
lideraram uma tendência nos anos 1980 pela adoção do ideário neoliberal.

No
Brasil, esse ideário chegou apenas uma década depois, inspirando parte das
políticas econômicas adotadas principalmente durante os governos de Fernando
Collor de Mello (1990-1992) e Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002). Estes
períodos foram marcados pela abertura da economia brasileira a mercados
estrangeiros e pela privatização de empresas estatais.



Para
entender qual foi a importância deste legado no Brasil, a BBC Brasil conversou
com três economistas de vertentes diferentes.



Ex-presidente
do Banco Central (1980-1983), PhD em Economia pela Universidade de Chicago e
diretor do Centro de Economia Mundial da Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Carlos
Langoni considera que Thatcher foi uma 'grande estadista' graças a sua visão de
futuro. Ele avalia que o legado das políticas neoliberais continua vivo e é em
parte responsável pelo sucesso inclusive da China comunista.



Marcio
Pochmann, professor da Unicamp, ex-presidente do Ipea (Instituto de Pesquisa
Econômica Aplicada) e presidente da Fundação Perseu Abramo, entidade ligada ao
PT, defende que as políticas neoliberais defendidas por Thatcher chegaram
tardiamente ao Brasil, em uma época que ficou marcada por problemas sociais.
Ele também avalia que tais ideias continuam vivas e estão sendo aplicadas em
países da Europa para combater os efeitos da crise.



Já
Antônio Corrêa de Lacerda, professor da PUC-SP e ex-presidente do Conselho
Federal de Economia, afirma que as ideias econômicas de Thatcher também tiveram
impacto em órgãos multilaterais como o FMI e o Banco Mundial, mas avalia que
agora o mundo caminha para um 'novo consenso' onde não existe mais a dicotomia
'Mercado versus Estado'. Lacerda lembra ainda que a ex-premiê representou um
modelo para as mulheres em todo o mundo.



Fonte:
BBC – Brasil (http://g1.globo.com/mundo/noticia/2013/04/ideias-defendidas-por-thatcher-influenciaram-economia-brasileira-nos-anos-1990.html)