CPU
Autor: Vivih | Publicado: 2011-09-15T12:15:00-07:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CPU - Unidade Central de Processamento


É bastante provável que você já tenha ouvido falar desse termo. Mas ele é muitas vezes usado de forma errada; é comum ver técnicos de grandes lojas de informática usando-o para se referir, na verdade, ao conjunto: placa-mãe / memória / CPU / placas de vídeo,som e rede / drive de CD ou DVD / HD / etc.
Na verdade, a CPU (ou "processador") é um componente eletrônico cuja função é receber dados - para simplificar, vamos assumir que esses dados são simples números - e processá-los. Em outras palavras, a CPU é o cérebro do computador.
"Processar", neste caso, significa manipular esses dados, fazendo operações como somas, multiplicações, divisões, etc. A CPU executa essas operações através de instruções que ela recebe de um programa de computador.
Exemplo: quando você abre o Word para digitar um documento, ele passa a enviar, milhões ou até bilhões de vezes por segundo, instruções para a CPU do seu computador, perguntando que letra o usuário digitou, qual a fonte que ele está usando, qual o tamanho da tabulação, em que página do documento a edição está, etc...
(Todas essas informações são representadas pelo computador em formas de "bits". "bits" são, basicamente, estados elétricos do tipo "ligado/desligado", comumente representados por 1's e 0's. Combinando-se bits, pode-se formar todo tipo de representação numérica e textual possível. Um discussão mais profunda sobre este assunto pode ser tomada em outro artigo.)
Tudo é feito de modo tão rápido que parece ser instantâneo. Voltando ao exemplo do Word, se o você digita a expressão "Olá!" no seu teclado, em fração de fração de fração de segundo ela será enviada para o computador na forma de um conjunto de bits, que será por sua vez processado pela CPU e transformado em informação visual, sendo impresso na tela do seu PC (e, se desejado, na sua impressora) na fonte, tamanho e estilo que escolher.