Liberdade provisória nos crimes hediondos
Autor: Ronaldo Ferreira da Silva | Publicado: 2012-07-29T06:13:00-07:00

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Com o
advento da Lei 11.464/2007, que alterou a redação do art. 2º, II, da Lei
8.072/90, tornou-se possível a concessão de liberdade provisória aos crimes
hediondos ou equiparados, nas hipóteses em que ausentes os fundamentos
previstos no art. 312 do CPP. Tendo em conta esse entendimento, bem como
verificada a falta de motivação idônea para a prisão do paciente, a Turma
conheceu, em parte, de habeas corpus e, na parte de que conheceu, deferiu-o
para determinar que seja expedido alvará de soltura em favor do paciente, salvo
se por outro motivo deva permanecer custodiado. Na espécie, o paciente, preso
em flagrante pela suposta prática de homicídio qualificado (CP, art. 121, § 2º,
IV), tivera a segregação mantida pela sentença de pronúncia que, reportando-se
aos fundamentos do decreto de prisão preventiva, negara pedido de liberdade
provisória com base no art. 2º, II, da Lei 8.072/90 e por reputar presentes os
requisitos do art. 312 do CPP, a saber: garantia da ordem pública e da
aplicação da lei penal.


Inicialmente,
asseverou-se que a Lei 11.464/2007 expressamente suprimiu a proibição à
liberdade provisória que constava do art. 2º, II, da Lei 8.072/90, tendo
permanecido apenas o termo “fiança” (“Art. 2º. Os crimes hediondos ... são
insuscetíveis de : ... II - fiança.”). Em seguida, afastado o óbice à concessão
do referido benefício de liberdade provisória, considerou-se que a gravidade em
abstrato do crime não seria, por si só, justificativa hábil para a decretação
da custódia preventiva embasada na ameaça à ordem pública. Ademais,
ressaltou-se que a jurisprudência do STF é no sentido de que o perigo de
reiteração criminosa e a periculosidade do agente devem ser analisados no caso
concreto, podendo caracterizar-se como razões legitimadoras da prisão cautelar.
No ponto, aduziu-se que o paciente é primário, possui bons antecedentes e
exerce ocupação lícita e que não fora demonstrada a necessidade concreta de sua
prisão. Alguns precedentes citados: HC 83865/SP (DJU de 7.12.2007); HC 89183/MS
(DJU de 25.8.2006); HC 85268/SP (DJU de 15.4.2005); HC 85868/RJ (DJU de
15.12.2006).
HC 92824/SC, rel. Min. Joaquim Barbosa, 18.12.2007.
(HC-92824)