Do fordismo ao just-in-time
Autor: SeSo&amp;Economia | Publicado: 2010-10-11T23:10:00-03:00

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Com a transformação político-econômica do capitalismo, houve uma mudança no modo de produção fordista para Just-in-time; isso ocorreu devido a uma mudança da economia de escala para a de escopo.
Com a passagem do modo de produção fordista para a Just-in-time houve uma transformação político-econômica do capitalismo e assim, mudando a economia que era de escala para a economia de escopo?
Nesse processo houve uma alteração na produção que a princípio era fordista padronizada, uniformizada, em massa e voltada para recursos, com redução de custos através do controle de salários. Em relação ao trabalho, o trabalhador executava uma única tarefa com alto grau de especialização, o pagamento era de acordo com o emprego e não tinha nenhuma segurança no trabalho.
Há uma distribuição em escala mundial de componentes e subcontratantes e nesse processo o Estado era regulamentado, rígido, havia uma socialização do bem-estar social, uma centralização e ele proporcionava uma estabilidade intencional fazendo diversos acordos multilaterais, era subsidiador da produção, além de intervir indiretamente nos mercados através de políticas relacionadas a preços e renda. A sociedade era de consumo em massa e modernizada.

Na produção Just-in-time onde a economia é de escopo há uma descentralização da produção, ela era flexível e em pequenos lotes com aprendizagem na prática junto ao planejamento e voltada para a demanda.
No trabalho, o trabalhador executava múltiplas tarefas, o pagamento era pessoal (bonificação), as tarefas eram demarcadas e havia segurança para trabalhadores centrais (perpétuo) e nenhuma para trabalhadores temporários.
Há uma proximidade espacial de firmas quase integradas. O Estado nessa economia é desregulamentado, flexibilizado, ocorre uma privatização das necessidades em relação a seguridade social sem estabilização internacional. Ele era empreendedor e intervia diretamente em mercados através de aquisição. A sociedade era de consumo individualizado (cultura yuppie) e pós-moderno.

Fica confirmado que com a mudança da economia, a produção se transforma, mudando a vida e o processo produtivo do trabalho e da sociedade em si, ou seja, no capitalismo.