A DIFERENÇA HUMANA COMO ELEMENTO RESPONSÁVEL PELA ELABORAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO ANTROPOLÓGICO
Autor: Jorge Marcos | Publicado: 2011-09-18T07:47:00-07:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Podemos pensar a diferença se a compararmos com uma camisa de botões. Imaginemos uma camisa laranja com botões laranja, se uma pessoa ver essa camisa a uma determinada distância não verá o botões, pois a cor dos botões se misturará a cor da camisa, e isso tornará difícil vê-los. Nesse caso a igualdade de cores dificultará o reconhecimento de determinado elemento.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Agora pensemos uma situação diferente: se a camisa for laranja, mas os botões forem pretos. Dessa forma não será tão difícil detectar os botões a certa distância, pois as cores diferentes da camisa tornam os botões mais aparentes e os destaca da camisa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O mesmo ocorre com o ser humano! Nossas diferenças nos tornam mais aparente e nos destacam como os botões. Se fossemos todos iguais, seria impossível nos reconhecermos em meio à sociedade.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Como somos diferentes uns dos outros, somos capazes de observar o outro como um ser externo a nós (no exemplo dos botões eles se misturavam a camisa e assim era difícil vê-los) e assim procurar entendê-lo. Pois se o observador é tão igual ao objeto observado ao ponto de se misturar a ele, então não conseguirá estudá-lo e compreendê-lo.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Por isso o conhecimento antropológico se forma a partir do reconhecimento do diferente, seja em termos de cultura, política, religião, etc., pois esses fatores somente se tornarão mais aparentes se forem diferentes para que assim possamos compará-los e entendê-los. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Outro exemplo, seria possível existir o bem sem haver o mal? Como dizer que algo é bom se não conhecemos seu oposto? Seria possível conceituar o bem sem o mal? Santo Agostinho em sua obra Confissões diz que o mal é a ausência do bem, desta forma para conceituar o mal ele utilizou de seu oposto para fazê-lo.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Logo, para nos conceituarmos antropologicamente como homens precisamos do nosso oposto (ou dos elementos que outro possui que são opostos aos nossos), que é o outro externo a nós.
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 <![endif]-->  REFERÊNCIA BIBLIOGRÁFICA
LAPLANTINE, François. Aprender Antropologia. 9. ed. São Paulo: Brasiliense, 1995.