O Primeiro carro Popular
Autor: washington sanches | Publicado: 2011-10-03T15:52:00-03:00


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 <![endif]-->  “Não aponte defeitos aponte soluções “.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Henry Ford

Sua grande ambição era ter a idéia de construir&nbsp; ¨um carro para o povo”. Seus primeiros modelos foram os de 2 cilindros, e&nbsp; dois mais caros, um de 4 cilindros, e outro de 6 cilindros, que não tiveram sucesso.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Henry Ford era um excelente negociante, e em 1904 já começa a exportar seus carros para a Grã-Bretanha; além disto, abre uma fábrica no Canadá e de lá exporta para a Áustria. Em 1905, os carros chegam ao Japão. Em 1906, lança o modelo N de 15 HP, com preço baixo (500 dólares). Em 1907, já tem seus carros vendidos na Índia, na Espanha, na Rússia e na França.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Em 1913, Ford abre em Michigan, a primeira fábrica no mundo, de produção de carros em linha. Inspirado na observação de que açougueiros&nbsp; ficavam em&nbsp; postos fixos&nbsp; e as carnes se moviam em esteiras; conclui então: “Se cada montador permanecer fixo em uma função, o automóvel ganhará forma mais rapidamente, economizando horas de trabalho”. Além disto, surge em 1914, o chamado “Fordismo”, ou seja, novas&nbsp; condições de trabalho criadas por Ford para os funcionários da fábrica:&nbsp; um salário mínimo 5 dólares ao dia, (quando o habitual era 2,34), jornada de 8 horas diárias e 40 horas semanais. Além disto, abre crédito para que seus próprios funcionários pudessem adquirir um carro. Esta foi uma das grandes estratégias de marketing da Ford, usada até hoje: “O produto é tão bom que os próprios funcionários o utilizam”.
Ford T
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lançado em 1908, foi considerado “o carro que colocou o mundo sobre rodas”, por ter um preço acessível à população: custava 825 dólares!&nbsp; Ele se tornou conhecido como “Ford Bigode”, em razão das duas hastes atrás do volante: a da direita servia como acelerador, e a da esquerda como avanço. Ele tinha cabeçote removível, ignição por magneto, transmissão planetária com duas marchas à frente e uma à ré operadas por 3 pedais, e amplo uso de aço vanádio.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O modelo FORD T foi o primeiro no mundo a ser feito em linha de montagem, com “produção em massa”. Todos os Ford T eram pretos, pois essa era a cor mais barata e a que secava mais rápido. Este modelo foi produzido até 1927, e nesses 19 anos foram feitas 16,5 milhões de unidades.
Fonte:
http://www.museueduardoamatarazzo.com.br/historias/61-historia-de-henry-ford