A burguesia em 1648 e 1789
Autor: Elysio Pires Elysio | Publicado: 2017-05-28T14:05:00-07:00


Em dezembro de
1848, Marx publica no Nova Gazeta Renana, uma brilhante análise do
comportamento revolucionário da burguesia nas revoluções de 1648 e de 1789.
Segue um trecho.

“Em 1648, a burguesia estava ligada à
nobreza moderna contra a realeza, contra a nobreza feudal e contra a Igreja
dominante.

Em 1789, a burguesia estava ligada ao povo
contra realeza, nobreza e Igreja dominante.

A revolução de 1789 tinha por modelo (pelo
menos, na Europa) apenas a revolução de 1648, a revolução de 1648 apenas a
insurreição dos Países Baixos contra a Espanha. Ambas as revoluções estavam
avançadas um século, não apenas pelo tempo, mas também pelo conteúdo,
relativamente aos seus modelos.
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Em ambas as revoluções, a burguesia era a
classe que realmente se encontrava à cabeça do movimento. O proletariado
e as frações da população urbana não pertencentes à burguesia não
tinham ainda quaisquer interesses separados da burguesia ou não constituíam
ainda quaisquer classes, ou sectores de classes, autonomamente desenvolvidas.
Portanto, ali onde se opuseram à burguesia, como, por exemplo, de 1793 até
1794, na França, apenas lutaram pela perseguição &nbsp;dos interesses da burguesia, ainda que não à
maneira da burguesia. Todo o terrorismo francês não foi mais do que
uma maneira plebeia de se desfazer dos inimigos da burguesia, do
absolutismo, do feudalismo e da tacanhez pequeno-burguesa.”