2. Cultura
Autor: Personas de lo 2º J | Publicado: 2012-03-14T05:38:00-07:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A colonização espanhola afetou drasticamente o quadro sociocultural ocasionando em boa parte da América Espanhola uma ruptura de valores e determinadas crenças. O estímulo forçoso que os espanhóis trataram os nativos viventes na região fez com que houvesse uma mutação antropológica no que se relaciona a significação do ser indígena. Os indígenas sofreram um choque cultural, já que por ímpeto de outros povos, para eles desconhecidos, tiveram que se adaptar a um novo sistema religioso, linguístico, servil, e psicológico, ou seja, cultural. Muitos povos, não aceitando a submissão, se debandaram para outras regiões, e assim mesmo inconscientemente, estimularam a manutenção de seus costumes longe dos exploradores espanhóis. Antes da chegada dos navegadores ibéricos, havia uma organização e hierarquização das comunidades dos “índios”, todos com seus locais de moradia e determinados pontos para construções de suas civilizações, dentre elas as mais famosas são: os Incas, Maias e Astecas, que possuíam incríveis habilidades astronômicas, arquitetônicas, sociais e até mesmo medicinais, entre outras tantas que ainda se encontram em estudo. Os países atualmente mesmo com nacionalidades diferentes, possuem similaridades bem peculiares devido a esta herança de civilizações, podemos relacionar o fato que os Incas se encontrando praticamente ao redor da cordilheira dos Andes, quando ainda não havia divisão estatal, todas as comunidades possuíam costumes semelhantes, modos de vida muito parecidos, e este fato se estendeu mesmo depois da colonização, fazendo com que a cultura fosse preservada. Boa parte dos Sul Americanos são descendentes de indígenas, e que se estiverem localizados perto dos Andes podem estar diretamente relacionados a sua herança Inca. Muitos ainda conservam o modo de vida dos seus ancestrais, pastoreando llamas, por entre os vales e montanhas de países como Bolívia, Perú e Chile, produzindo suas “galletas de maíz”, e sobrevivendo como podem, porque muitos não contam com o apoio dos seus respectivos governos, muitos desses povos vivem em condição de subsistência em um modo parcial de pobreza.&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Descendente dos Incas]&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Garoto pastoreando llamas]