Experimentos e Simulação - Propagação de fogos de superfície
Autor: Grupo de Pesquisa - Combustão e Meio Ambiente | Publicado: 2012-06-11T16:04:00-03:00






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Propagação de fogos de superfície: Experimentos e Simulação



Como resultado da cooperação entre o nosso grupo de
trabalho, a Universidade de Washington (Seattle – USA) e os laboratórios de
ciências de fogo do U.S. Forest Service no Seatle (Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences
Laboratory) e no Missoula, (Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory)), apresentamos a
simulação de um fogo superficial na floresta amazônica. 



No primeiro filme, é mostrada a propagação de um fogo de
superfície no experimento feito em Cruzeiro do Sul – AC em setembro de 2010.

No segundo filme, pode-se ver a propagação de um fogo de
superfície com biomassa retirada da floresta. Estes experimentos serviram para
a medição da taxa de propagação do fogo em condições controladas (umidade,
vento, temperatura, altura do leito de biomassa).&nbsp; 

No terceiro filme é apresentada a simulação feita com o
software Wildland-Urban Fire Dynamics Simulator (WFDS) (http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/fera/research/wfds/).&nbsp; A imagem mostra o leito de biomassa na área
quadrada central e o solo ao redor do leito de biomassa (em amarelo). A cor do
leito de biomassa representa a sua temperatura (escala indicada na direita da
imagem). No quarto filme, a mesma simulação mostra a evolução da temperatura no
leito de biomassa assim como a movimentação da fumaça e a região de liberação
de calor na chama maior que 200kW/m3.

Nosso trabalho agora é adequar os parâmetros do modelo para
melhor representar o caso real mostrado.



Especial
agradecimento devo ao&nbsp; Prof. Dr. Ernesto
Alvarado (University of Washington – Seattle) e ao Dr. William E. Mell &nbsp;(USFS Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory).
Estas simulações foram realizadas durante minha bolsa de pesquisa no
exterior ( Seattle – USA; março a junho de 2012) no projeto FAPESP&nbsp; 2011/ 20679-2.





Prof. Dr. Guenther C. Krieger Filho

Dept. Eng. Mecânica da EPUSP

Responsável no projeto FAPESP 2008/04490-4 pelo tema "Obtenção
de Parâmetros que Caracterizam a Propagação de Fogo de Superfície em Floresta
Tropical da Região Amazônica




&gt;&gt; ENGLISH VERSION &lt;&lt;



Surface
Fire Propagation: Experiments and Simulation



We present the
results of numerical simulation of a surface fire in the Amazon forest. &nbsp;This study is the result of the cooperative
work between our research group, the University of Washington (Seattle – USA) and the Forest Fire Sciences
Laboratories of the U.S. Forest Service in Seattle (Pacific Wildland Fire
Sciences Laboratory) and Missoula, MT (Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory).
Here, we present the numerical simulation of a surface fire in the Amazonian
Forest. 



The first
movie shows the propagation of a surface fire during a field experiment carried
out in Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre
on September 2010. &nbsp;The second movie
presents the fire propagation during an experiment outside the forest, however
burning biomass gathered inside the forest. Such experiments were conducted
outside the forest in order to obtain well-controlled boundary conditions (air
and fuel moisture, wind velocity, air and fuel temperature, fuel bed height). 



The third
movie shows the results of a numerical simulation with the Wildland Fire
Dynamics Simulator (WFDS) (http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/fera/research/wfds/).&nbsp; The fuel bed (biomass) is shown as the
central square area. The soil around the fuel bed is shown on yellow. The color
of the fuel bed is a measure of its temperature, as indicated in the scale on
the right. On the fourth movie, the same simulation is shown, but including
further information such as smoke plume movement and the flame region where the
heat release rate surpasses 200kW/m3. 



Our follow-up
task now is to parameterize the model in order to get a more precise
representation of the real fire shown on movie 2.



I would
like to thanks specially Prof. Dr. Ernesto Alvarado (University of Washington – Seattle) and Dr. William E. Mell&nbsp; (USFS Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences
Laboratory) for the technical and administrative support. The simulations were
performed during my 3 month-study leave in Seattle (march through june, 2012)&nbsp; funded by FAPESP&nbsp; under the grant 2011/ 20679-2.





Prof. Dr.
Guenther C. Krieger Filho

Mechanical
Engineering Department of the University of São Paulo - Brazil

Responsible
on the grant FAPESP 2008/04490-4 for the project: "Collecting parameters to
characterize surface fires in tropical forests in the Amazonian region”.