Há 80 anos...
Autor: E.M. Getúlio Vargas | Publicado: 2015-06-29T18:42:00-03:00

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Na semana que antecede
ao 80º aniversário da Escola Municipal Getúlio Vargas, o nosso blog vai publicar pequenas matérias sobre eventos acontecidos, no Brasil e no mundo,
no ano de 1935.&nbsp;&nbsp;

&nbsp;

As pesquisas e textos foram
produzidos pelo CMEMGV – Centro de Memória da Escola Municipal Getúlio Vargas.



O texto de hoje trata
da revolta comunista que sacudiu o Brasil, e principalmente o Rio de Janeiro,
em novembro de 1935, poucos meses após a inauguração de nossa escola.



=========== 



A revolta comunista de 1935



Em
março de 1935, foi criada no Brasil a Aliança Nacional Libertadora (ANL),
organização política que tinha como presidente de honra o líder comunista Luís
Carlos Prestes. Tendo como inspiração as frentes populares surgidas na Europa
para combater o crescimento do nazi-fascismo, a ANL tinha propostas
nacionalistas e defendia a reforma agrária.



Liderada pelos comunistas, a ANL agregou pessoas de
diversos setores da sociedade, como militares, católicos, profissionais
liberais, por exemplo, insatisfeitos com os rumos do processo político aberto
em 1930, quando Getúlio Vargas assumiu a presidência da República.



Em julho, diante do expressivo crescimento no
número de seus militantes, a ANL foi posta na ilegalidade. Apesar disso, a
mobilização não cessou, com a realização de reuniões e a publicação de boletins
que atacavam o governo, e, em agosto, a organização iniciou os preparativos
para um movimento armado para derrubar do poder Vargas e colocar em seu lugar
Luis Carlos Prestes. Pensado para ser iniciado com levantes militares, o
movimento deveria contar com o apoio dos operários, que dariam início à greves
em todo o Brasil.

&nbsp;

O primeiro levante militar ocorreu no dia 23 de
novembro, em Natal, no Rio Grande do Norte. Na sequência, movimentos semelhantes
ocorreram no Recife e no Rio de Janeiro, que, na época, era a capital do país.
No entanto, os levantes militares ficaram restritos a essas cidades, e a
desejada adesão do operariado não ocorreu. A rebelião foi rápida e violentamente
debelada, com a prisão de milhares de pessoas, entre comunistas, militares e
até deputados, senadores e, inclusive, o prefeito do Distrito Federal, Pedro
Ernesto Batista.



A chamada revolta comunista forneceu forte pretexto
para Vargas fechar o regime. Esse processo culminou com o golpe de Estado , em
10 de novembro de 1937, quando instituiu-se &nbsp;uma ditadura no país, o chamado Estado Novo.
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