Machado de Assis
Autor: Bras Cubas | Publicado: 2011-09-15T14:28:00-07:00

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Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis é considerado um dos mais importantes escritores da literatura brasileira. Nasceu no Rio de Janeiro em 21/6/1839, filho de uma família muito pobre. Mulato e vítima de preconceito, perdeu na infância sua mãe e foi criado pela madrasta. Superou todas as dificuldades da época e tornou-se um grande escritor.Na infância, estudou numa escola pública durante o primário e aprendeu francês e latim. Trabalhou como aprendiz de tipógrafo, foi revisor e funcionário público.Publicou seu primeiro poema intitulado Ela, na revista Marmota Fluminense. Trabalhou como colaborador de algumas revistas e jornais do Rio de Janeiro. Foi um dos fundadores da Academia Brasileira de letras e seu primeiro presidente.Podemos dividir as obras de Machado de Assis em duas fases: Na primeira fase (fase romântica) os personagens de suas obras possuem características românticas, sendo o amor e os relacionamentos amorosos os principais temas de seus livros. Desta fase podemos destacar as seguintes obras: Ressurreição (1872), seu primeiro livro, A Mão e a Luva (1874), Helena (1876) e Iaiá Garcia (1878).Na Segunda Fase ( fase realista ), Machado de Assis abre espaços para as questões psicológicas dos personagens. É a fase em que o autor retrata muito bem as características do realismo literário. Machado de Assis faz uma análise profunda e realista do ser humano, destacando suas vontades, necessidades, defeitos e qualidades. Nesta fase destaca-se as seguintes obras: Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas (1881), Quincas Borba (1892), Dom Casmurro (1900) e Memorial de Aires (1908).Machado de Assis também escreveu contos, tais como: Missa do Galo, O Espelho e O Alienista. Escreveu diversos poemas, crônicas sobre o cotidiano, peças de teatro, críticas literárias e teatrais.

Machado de Assis morreu de câncer, em sua cidade natal, no ano de 1908. Relação das obras: Romances
Ressurreição - 1872
A mão e a luva - 1874
Helena - 1876
Iaiá Garcia - 1878
Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas - 1881
Quincas Borba - 1891
Dom Casmurro - 1899
Esaú e Jacó - 1904
Memorial de Aires - 1908

Poesia&nbsp;
Crisálidas
Falenas
Americanas
Ocidentais
Poesias completas

Contos
A Carteira
Miss Dollar
O Alienista
Noite de Almirante
O Homem Célebre
Conto da Escola
Uns Braços
A Cartomante
O Enfermeiro
Trio em Lá Menor
Missa do Galo

Teatro
Hoje avental, amanhã luva - 1860
Desencantos - 1861
O caminho da porta, 1863
Quase ministro - 1864
Os deuses de casaca - 1866
Tu, só tu, puro amor - 1880
Lição de botânica - 1906&nbsp;