Eletroquimica
Autor: biogrupo | Publicado: 2011-11-30T07:12:00-08:00

Eletroquimica&nbsp;E o estudo das reações de oxido -redução que produzem ou são produzidas pela corrente eletrica .
Conceitos fundamentais (termos tecnicos)
Oxidação : e a perda de eletrons
Redução :e o ganho de eletrons
Oxidante:e o receptor de eletrons ou e o elemento que se reduz
Redutor:e o doador de eletrons ou e o elemento que se oxida.

Reação de oxida-redução : e toda reação quimica em que ha transferencia de eletrons .
os metai tem sempre tendencia para ceder eletrons .os metais se oxidam e agem como redutores .
os não -metais tem sempre tendencia a receber eletrons.
os não -metais se reduzem e agem como oxidantes.

Pilha ou célula eletroquimica : conjunto completo que constitui a pilha . E todo dispositivo que transforma energia em energia eletrica atraves de uma&nbsp; reação de oxido - redução.

Semi- pilha :ou meia pilha&nbsp; cada eletrodo de uma pilha .

Eletrodo : conjunto que compreende a lampada&nbsp; metalica e a solução de seus ions (em geral , 1 M)

ânodo: eletrodo&nbsp; que emite eletrons para o circuito externno
polo negativo&nbsp; da pilha . onde ocorre oxidação.

catodo : eletrodo que recebe eletrons do circuito externo .polo externo polo positivo da pilha .onde ocorre redução .
potencial normal&nbsp; ou padrao de oxidaçao (E° oxid): mede a capacidade ou tendencia de um redutor em ceder eletrons

Potencial normal ou padrão de redução :(E° ded): med a capacidade de tendencia de um oxidante em receber eletrons.

Potencial normal ou padrão de um eletrodo (E°) : e o potencial medido nas seguintes condições .

_temperatura : 25° C
_ pressão : 1 atm ou 760mm Hg
_ Concentração dos cations (metais) 1M

A) Trabalho util realizado por uma pilha :
AG=N.F.ΔE°

B) Ddp, ΔE° ou ΔV de uma pilha :
ΔE°= E° oxid - E° red

Eletrodo normal ou padrão&nbsp; de H (hidrogenio) e as medidas dos potenciais&nbsp; de eletrodo dos metais .



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