Configurando o Ubuntu 11.10 (multimídia, codecs, …) a partir do zero
Autor: Roberto Seixas | Publicado: 2011-10-13T07:05:00-07:00

Para configurar o Ubuntu do zero, partindo da imagem original do site http://releases.ubuntu.com/oneiric/  , primeiro baixe a imagem "Desktop CD" - PC Intel x86 "para  processadores Intel/AMD 32 bits"&nbsp; ou&nbsp; 64-bits PC AMD64  "para  processadores Intel/AMD 64 bits", a escolha da imagem deve ser  feita de  acordo com o processador do seu PC (desktop, notebook ou  netbook) -  "veja na documentação do seu computador o modelo :&nbsp; 32 bits ou 64   bits", grave o CD e instale o Ubuntu. Dica : no site&nbsp; http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/daily-live/current/, é possível baixar, além das versões acima, a versão para computadores Apple MAC.Sugiro que vejam, antes de instalar, estes ótimos tutoriais de instalação do Ubuntu 11.10 :
 http://www.todoespacoonline.com/como-instalar-o-ubuntu-1110-oneiric-ocelot-em-dual-boot-tutorial-com-fotos___1773

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2SPFPXVdHE

Após a instalação vamos configurar o Ubuntu para melhorar o suporte a   codecs e multimídia, além de instalar vários programas bastante úteis,   para isso siga os passos abaixo :

Configurando o arquivo de repositórios do Ubuntu :&nbsp; /etc/apt/sources.list

Pressione as teclas “ALT + F2″, digite o comando :&nbsp; "gksudo gedit    /etc/apt/sources.list" (sem as aspas), pressione a tecla “ENTER”. Será solicitada a sua    senha de usuário   para receber direitos de superusuário, digite-a e    pressione a tecla   “ENTER”.

Edite o arquivo para que fique com o conteúdo    semelhante  ao  apresentado abaixo (dica : selecione o texto abaixo, entre os  marcadores  "Início arquivo" e "Fim arquivo", pressione as teclas "Ctrl +  C", vá  para a janela do gedit e selecione a opção do menu   "Editar-&gt;Selecionar tudo", pressione a tecla "DEL", pressione as   teclas "Ctrl + V" para colar e pressione as teclas "Ctrl + S" para   salvar o novo texto) :


-- Início arquivo # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Beta i386 (20110901)]/ oneiric main restricted# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricteddeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the## distribution.deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricteddeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric universedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric universedeb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates universedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu## security team.deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric multiversedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric multiversedeb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates multiversedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates multiverse## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricteddeb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricteddeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security universedeb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security universedeb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security multiversedeb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's## 'partner' repository.## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partnerdeb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party## developers who want to ship their latest software.deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric maindeb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric main# Inserido por mimdeb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ oneiric free non-free

-– Fim arquivo


Configurando o Ubuntu :

Para configurar o Ubuntu, primeiro execute o Terminal, para isso, clique no primeiro&nbsp; ícone da barra do Unity (parte esquerda da tela),&nbsp; digite "terminal" (sem as aspas) e clique no ícone que será apresentado. Na janela do Terminal execute os comandos abaixo :

Instalando novos repositórios e as chaves PGP necessárias&nbsp; :
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/next

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa 
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:diesch/testing
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:claudiocn/slm

sudo apt-get --quiet update &amp;&amp; sudo apt-get --yes --quiet --allow-unauthenticated install medibuntu-keyring &amp;&amp; sudo apt-get --quiet update



Atualizando o sistema :
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Instalando novos pacotes (programas, bibliotecas, ...) :

Melhorar o suporte ao idioma português do Brasil :

sudo   apt-get install -y language-pack-pt language-pack-pt-base&nbsp; language-pack-gnome-pt   language-pack-gnome-pt-base language-pack-kde-pt   language-pack-gnome-pt-base libreoffice-l10n-common  libreoffice-l10n-pt-br libreoffice-help-pt-br myspell-dictionary-pt-br thunderbird-locale-pt-br


Compactadores de arquivos :

sudo apt-get install -y arj lha rar unace-nonfree unrar p7zip p7zip-full p7zip-rar



Melhorar o suporte a multimídia :

sudo   apt-get install -y ubuntu-restricted-extras vlc miro sound-juicer   mencoder ffmpeg devede dvdrip k9copy mp3gain libdvdread4 libdvdnav4 lame   mplayer aacplusenc libdvdcss2&nbsp; gecko-mediaplayer aacgain aacplusenc   gtk-recordMyDesktop subtitleeditor subtitleripper winff subdownloader   cheese audacity openshot nautilus-arista


Gráficos :sudo apt-get install -y dia inkscape gimp gimp-dcraw fusion-icon emerald compizconfig-settings-manager mjpegtools imagemagick

Internet :

sudo apt-get install -y skype firestarter chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra icedtea6-plugin


Suporte a programas feitos para Windows :

sudo apt-get install -y wine1.3 winetricks

Outros :

sudo  apt-get install -y build-essential nautilus-clamscan  nautilus-gksu nautilus-image-converter nautilus-wallpaper gparted  ubuntu-tweak xarchiver gnash libreoffice-java-common

Instalando um acionador de Menu clássico (ícone na parte direita da barra superior) :
sudo apt-get install classicmenu-indicator

Instalando codecs :
Para o Ubuntu 32 bits : 
sudo apt-get install w32codecs
&nbsp;Para o Ubuntu 64 bits : 
sudo apt-get install w64codecs

Instalando o kernel com suporte a mais de 3 GB de memória para o Ubuntu   32 bits (o kernel da versão de 64 bits já suporta mais de 3 GB de   memória) :

sudo apt-get install linux-generic-pae linux-headers-generic-pae

Caso utilize placa wireless Broadcom (notebooks HP, …), instale o driver :
Modelos BCM43xx, padrão 802.11 g :
sudo apt-get install b43-fwcutter firmware-b43-installer
&nbsp;Modelos BCM4311-, BCM4312-, BCM4321- e BCM4322, padrão 802.11 b,g,n :
sudo apt-get install broadcom-sta-common


Instalando um configurador da tela de login :

sudo apt-get install simple-lightdm-manager


Google :
Instale os aplicativos diretamente do site da Google :
Earth : http://www.google.com/intl/pt-BR/earth/download/ge/agree.html
Video Chat : https://www.google.com/chat/video/download.html
Picasa : http://picasa.google.com/linux/download.html#picasa30



Reinicie o Ubuntu e aproveite !