SE SUA EMPRESA QUEBRAR, VOCÊ PAGA A CONTA?
Autor: Prof. Coutinho | Publicado: 2015-03-23T12:30:00-07:00



Um Alento em tempos de CRISE!



Amigos, a luz do Código Civil Brasileiro o patrimônio dos
sócios não deveriam ser atingidos por dívidas (obrigações) das empresas. Contudo, há tempos, juízes – em especial da primeira instancia – vinham mandando
penhorar bens das pessoas físicas (sócios) em favor da pessoa jurídica.





Mas vejamos o que diz o Código Civil Brasileiro






Art.
50. Em caso de abuso da personalidade jurídica, caracterizado pelo desvio de
finalidade, ou pela confusão patrimonial, pode o juiz decidir, a requerimento
da parte, ou do Ministério Público quando lhe couber intervir no processo, que
os efeitos de certas e determinadas relações de obrigações sejam estendidos aos
bens particulares dos administradores ou sócios da pessoa jurídica.

Observa-se portanto que SOMENTE são atingíveis o patrimônio dos
sócios quando:



1) em caso de CONFUSÃO PATROMINIAL, ou seja, quando o
patrimônio da empresa e dos sócios estão imiscuídos, “misturados”. quando não
se respeitou o princípio da distinção entre a entidade e a pessoa física;



ou,



2) desvio de finalidade, quando houver utilização do patrimônio
da empresa para fins diferentes da qual ela fora constituída.





Isto posto, recentemente o STJ – Superior tribunal de Justiça, fixou
o entendimento de que , somente quando estiver presente estes dois
pressupostos, é que os bens dos sócios poderão ser alcançados para cumprir
obrigações&nbsp; comuns ou civis, oriundas da
“empresa”. 





Consagra-se então o
princípio da autonomia patrimonial, estabelecendo a separação entre a pessoa
jurídica e os membros que a compõem.





Mas…ATENÇÃO!





Referimo-nos neste artigo
apenas a dívidas cíveis (financeiras), ou seja, não nos referimos à dívidas tributárias
, que possuem normatização no código tributário nacional, e é objeto de outra
discussão.



Fica a Dica!







Prof. Coutinho

Financista



Associado ao Instituto Brasileiro de
Governança Corporativa&nbsp;–&nbsp;IBGC -&nbsp;desde 03/07/2014



Membro da Associação Nacional de
Executivos de Finanças - ANEFAC





Diretor da Beside Soluções Empresariais



Perito em&nbsp;Finanças Corporativas

Perito em&nbsp;Recuperação de Empresas
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