Maculelê
Autor: Margiane Argenton | Publicado: 2014-01-06T01:01:00-03:00

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A verdadeira
origem do maculelê é desconhecida, existindo diversas lendas a seu
respeito. Estas lendas, naturalmente, vieram da tradição oral característica às
culturas afro-brasileira e indígena da época do Brasil Colônia e inevitavelmente
sofreram alterações ao longo do tempo.

Em uma delas
conta-se que Maculelê era um negro fugido que tinha doença de pele. Ele foi
acolhido por uma tribo indígena e cuidado pelos mesmos, mas ainda assim não
podia realizar todas as atividades com o grupo, por não ser um índio. Certa vez
Maculelê foi deixado sozinho na aldeia, quando toda a tribo saiu para caçar.
Eis que uma tribo rival aparece para dominar o local. Maculelê, usando dois
bastões, lutou sozinho contra o grupo rival e, heroicamente, venceu a disputa.
Desde então passou a ser considerado um herói na tribo.

Outra lenda
fala do guerreiro indígena Maculelê, um índio preguiçoso e que não fazia nada
certo; por esta razão, os demais homens da tribo saíam em busca de alimento e
deixavam-no na tribo com as mulheres, os idosos e as crianças. Uma tribo rival
ataca, aproveitando-se da ausência dos caçadores. Para defender a sua tribo,
Maculelê, armado apenas com dois bastões já que os demais índios da sua tribo
haviam levado todas as armas para caçar, enfrenta e mata os invasores da tribo
inimiga, morrendo pelas feridas do combate. Maculelê passa a ser o herói da
tribo e sua técnica reverenciada.

Existem
diferentes versões para cada lenda, mas a maioria mantém como base o ataque
rival, a resistência solitária e a improvisação dos dois bastões como arma. O
maculelê atual, usando a dança com bastões, simboliza a luta de Maculelê contra
os guerreiros rivais.

Estudos
desenvolvidos por Manoel Querino (1851-1923) apontam indicações de que o
maculelê poderia ser um fragmento do Cucumbi, apesar das notáveis
diferenças.

O maculelê é
uma dança que pode envolver mulheres e homens.