Autor: Rodrigo Elmas (Monitor) | Publicado: 2013-01-05T05:09:00-08:00

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Hans
Staden e suas Duas Viagens ao Brasil







Poucos relatos do Brasil Quinhentista
são tão interessantes quanto os de Hans Staden. 

Após uma viagem bem sucedida a serviço
da Coroa Portuguesa, em 1547, o mercenário alemão Hans Staden retorna para uma
segunda aventura – dessa vez não tão bem sucedida. 

Aprisionado por índios na antiga Vila de
São Vicente (litoral paulista), Staden permaneceu aproximadamente nove meses
dominado pelos indígenas. Apesar de ter tentado se passar por um mair (francês), os indígenas não se
convenceram, crendo que se tratava de um português, que à época eram inimigos
dos indígenas locais, aliados dos franceses. 

Curioso é notar a relação travada entre
os indígenas e Hans Staden ao longo de sua permanência no Brasil, bem como o
olhar de um europeu que veio ao Brasil dominar
e acabou sendo dominado; além das
divagações e comentários feitos posteriormente – em obra editada pela primeira
vez em 1557 – acerca dos usos e costumes dos
então dominadores, aos quais ainda podemos adicionar as gravuras pelo autor
feitas.

Vê-se então não o pacífico, passivo e preguiçoso indígena, como normalmente
costumamos imaginar, mas grandes guerreiros, engenhosos e por vezes até
irônicos; por exemplo, quando ridicularizam a posição do aventureiro alemão
que, amarrado, locomovia-se aos pulos ou, como registrado por Staden – que à
época já entendia perfeitamente o tupi –, um momento em que um dos indígenas
diz: “aí vem nossa comida pulando”.

Sendo assim, em Duas Viagens aos Brasil, encontramos uma excelente fonte de dados
acerca dos costumes de nossos ancestrais, bem como um dos raros registros
feitos do contato durante o processo de colonização, sobretudo ao longo de
vários meses, em vez de meros relatos acerca da natureza e das condições de
exploração locais.