Agregar valor ao produto
Autor: Ricardo Aldabó Lopez | Publicado: 2015-11-18T06:51:00-08:00

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O
que significa agregar valor? 



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Digamos
que todos os produtos, mesmo os indivisíveis, pudessem ser comprados por quilo.
Um quilo de minério de ferro custaria 21 centavos. Um quilo de leite, 2 reais. Um
quilo de queijo fatiado custaria 30 reais, o mesmo valor de 1 quilo do carro
popular mais vendido no Brasil.







O
que ocorreu na transformação de ferro em carro e de leite em queijo é o que os
economistas chamam de agregação de valor. A tecnologia e o saber adicionaram
valor ao leite e ao ferro, e o produto final foi ofertado a um preço bem maior
do que a simples soma dos insumos utilizados em seu fabrico.







Conhecimento
e tecnologia são fundamentais nesse processo.







A
agregação de valor está na base do processo de enriquecimento das nações. Nações
mais desenvolvidas vendem produtos mais elaborados. Como exemplo, os principais
produtos exportados pela Alemanha são reatores nucleares, caldeiras, máquinas e
equipamentos, automóveis, tratores, materiais elétricos e artigos
farmacêuticos.







Em
2014, as cinco principais commodities brasileiras exportadas renderam ao país
100 bilhões de dólares. No mesmo ano, só as vendas de iPhone renderam à Apple, os
mesmos 100 bilhões de dólares.







Colocado
de forma mais dramática: para faturar o mesmo que a Apple fatura com um único
iPhone, O Brasil precisa exportar 8 toneladas de minério de ferro.