Entenda: Diabetes Mellitus
Autor: João Victor Farias | Publicado: 2013-04-08T09:50:00-07:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Diabetes
Mellitus é uma doença causada pela deficiência de produção e/ou ação da
insulina que leva a sintomas agudos e complicações crônicas. Há um distúrbio
que integra o metabolismo da glicose, das gorduras e das proteínas.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Os tipos de DM são: DM do tipo 1
(ocasionada pela destruição das células beta do pâncreas, em geral em
decorrência de doença autoimune, levando a deficiência&nbsp; total de insulina), DM do tipo 2 (provocada
por um estado de resistência à ação da insulina associados a uma relativa
deficiência de sua secreção. Neste caso, há predisposição genética e a
associação com os fatores ambientais: má alimentação, tabagismo, sedentarismo,
etc.) e o DM gestacional (diagnosticada durante a gravidez que pode se tornar
DM do tipo 2 após a gravidez).

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Os
sinais e sintomas são: sede excessiva, aumento do débito urinário, poliúria,
nictúria, fadiga, astenia, visão borrada, perda de peso, aumento do apetite,
edema, proteinúria, cicatrização demorada e perda da sensibilidade periférica.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Considera-se, como fatores
agravantes e condicionantes, histórico familiar, sedentarismo, triglicérides
aumentados, hipertensão arterial, DM gestacional, fármacos que aumentam o nível
sérico de glicose.



FONTE:

ESSA – Escola da Saúde. Enfermagem em Clínica Médica,
Módulo II. Pág. 17 – 18.

www.essa.g12.br