Autor: Carlos Machado | Publicado: 2016-07-16T22:05:00-03:00



After 150 years, 'Jack Daniel's' assumes that the whiskey recipe was actually a enslaved black man.





Jack Daniel's is one of the best-selling whiskeys in the world, being among the 10 spirits brands that fastest growing. It uses the most refined natural ingredients in their manufacture: maize, rye, barley malt and water free iron. It is characterized by its careful preparation process, distillation and aging. After 150 years of existence the brand whiskey decided to review a key part of its history: it was believed that Jack Daniel learned the recipe and distillation process with Pastor Dan Call.In fact, who taught the fundamental purification techniques for preparation of the drink was Nearis Green, a forced laborer of white pastor.



After 150 years of existence, the Jack Daniel's whiskey brand decided review a key part of its history and assumed that the creation of revenue drink was made by Nearis Green, a black enslaved working for the pastor call white Dan, who has always attributed the formula of each beverage brands

alcoholic most famous in the world.

A report in the American newspaper The New York Times revealed that from now &nbsp;those visiting the distillate plant in Tennessee, in the United States listens to the story true. The older version, told until a few weeks ago, omitted the participation of the master distiller Nearis Green (ca. 1820-1890). He believed that Jack Daniel learned the recipe and distillation process with Pastor Dan Call in 1866. In fact taught the distillation process, but also the technical fundamental purification for the preparation of whiskey was Green, enslaved the pastor.



This version is not new, but it was confirmed by the company only now.

The presence of slaves in distilleries was something very common in the eighteenth century. "They were vital for the distilleries," said Steve Bashore, who helped rebuild where the drink was distilled. "In the scriptures, the slaves were even described as distillers, "he added.



Historian Michael Twitty goes further and says that the forced laborers had an ancient tradition coming from West Africa to make drinks: the African-Americans had their own tradition of making alcoholic beverages. "There is something that needs to be said, in fact Africans and Europeans were two people of the American Southeast that carried a ancestral tradition of alcoholic beverages, "says Twitty.



Some people do not have the courage to tell me this personally but I know what comes their mind when I talk about Science, Technology and Innovation and African African descent, "why this book?"

The above may perhaps be the question that some people do when reading the title. You must write and publish a book devoted to black inventors and scientists? To write this work, I want to perpetuate the memory of inventors and scientists, restore some truth and some justice. I will be pleased if this work to weaken, prejudices that still exist in our societies, where, unfortunately, racism still persists.

If you check the list of black winners of the Nobel Prize winners, one total of fifteen, you can see that most is in the "Nobel Prize Peace "(11) and then to" Nobel literature "(3) and there is only one person, Sir William Arthur Lewis, born in Saint Lucia (Caribbean) to win a prize in economics.

If you search the Prize "Right Livelihood Award" known as the Nobel Prize alternative in the list of winners can be found eminent personalities black women who have excelled in areas such as biodiversity, ecology (Ken Saro-Wiwa), the peaceful resolution of conflicts or Architecture (Hassan Fathy).

In 2007, James Watson, Nobel American medicine, double helix co-discoverer DNA, told the British newspaper The Sunday Times that "all the people who had to employ blacks know that [racial equality] is not true. "This type of statement have a timely response in this book that proposes to highlight the contributions negritude to Western knowledge and break the myth that there is a

White superior intelligence. In fact, Christopher Chetsanga (1935) A Zimbabwean discovered two enzymes of DNA repair (formamidopyrimidine (fapi) -DNA glycosylase (FPG).









Among many other highlight inventions Garret Morgan invented the traffic light, Ralph Gardner excelled in the manufacture of hard plastics, Granville Woods Tailer, "defeated twice in court the famous Thomas E. Edison who questioned their rights inventions related to electricity. "Patricia E. Bath developed a Technical cataract operation laser. And as Marie Curie, the black physical Shirley A. Jackson chose to specialize in physics, a discipline in which very few women have access in many countries. Valerie Thomas, mathematical data analyst NASA has since 1980 patents as the "illusion transmitter." this invention futuristic helped lay the foundations of 3D technology used in film and television.

However, not all findings that appear in my book, had beneficial consequences for humanity. Lloyd Quarterman, nuclear physicist, was a of six black, with Albert Einstein (who expressed remorse for not having prevented the tragedy of Hiroshima and Nagasaki), contributed to the "Manhattan Project"

the atomic bomb development.



Among scientists and inventors, we should mention those who lived in the Era of Slavery (Edward Albion, Lewis Howard Latimer) and those who formed a couple scientists in the style of Curie (Dale Brown and Philip Emeagwali). There are those who achieved recognition in life and those who did not. Many of them suffered rejection by the color of their skin: Percy Lavon Julian studied at Harvard, where he graduated and worked, "but they never offered a teaching position not to displease white students" and some as Elijah McCoy got its name as part of the common language at least in the United States.

Many of the prominent men and women had to suffer slavery or extreme poverty, rejection, prejudice and racist attitudes and they managed contribute their knowledge.

Of African origin we highlight the Senegalese Cheikh Anta Diop, who presented a thesis PhD at the University of Paris in which he argued that ancient Egypt had been a black culture, astrophysicist Cheick Modibo Diarra (Mali), which was also appointed in 2012 the Prime Minister of his country, Philip Emeagwali (Nigeria) Edmond Albius, Christopher Chetsanga (Zimbabwe) and three Ethiopians: Aklilu Lemma, Tilahun Yilma D. and Kita Eligu.

From all of them I want to emphasize Aklilu Lemma (1934-1997). The discovery that has made much of chance. He was a professor at the University of Addis Ababa in the capital Ethiopia and its contribution to science was the discovery of Endod, indigenous plant, with which he achieved an effective way to cure schistosomiasis. this disease chronic affects millions of people in different parts of Asia, Africa, South America and in Caribe. Schistosomiasis is home to mollusks.









Dr. Lema, sent in 1964 to the north of Ethiopia to carry out an investigation a rash caused by this disease, some observed laundrywomen They washed their clothes in freshwater courses made soap of a bush (Phytolacca dodecandra, is a shrub native to tropical Africa, South Africa and Madagascar. The plant, known by the common name of endod is grown for several centuries in central and eastern Africa, particularly in Ethiopia, where it is used as source of soap and like poison to stun fish). Lemma noted that the surface of the water floated several dead snails. Yet upriver, he noted many live snails. Thus, the plant became the solution to the disease. Endod has other uses, but the pharmaceutical industry does not seem in a hurry to prepare products based on this plant that would be affordable in poorer countries.

The discovery and the difficulties of application, as well as Ebola today, gives us reason to believe that, unfortunately, almost nothing has changed since then. What the Ethiopian doctor Legesse Wolde-Yohannes, who worked with Lemma said "diseases of the poor not is of interest to Western investors "goes for today.

One of the book's goals is to encourage the reader to search and find out more african and african descent inventors and scientists have not always recognized and that despite the adverse conditions, dedicated his life to research and study, invention and discovery, and we have made our lives better, while dismantles prejudices and myths about black people.





Sources:



http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/26/dining/jack-daniels-whiskey-nearis-green-slave.html?_r=0

http://www.revistaforum.com.br/2016/07/11/apos-150-anos-jack-daniels-assume-que-a-receita-do-uisque-era-na-verdade-de-um-escravo/

http://www.hypeness.com.br/2016/07/com-150-anos-de-atraso-jack-daniels-admite-que-foi-um-escravo-quem-desenvolveu-sua-receita/