[Arte] ABSTRACIONISMO
Autor: Die Another Day | Publicado: 2011-11-27T17:32:00-08:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A arte abstrata ou abstracionismo é geralmente entendido como uma forma de artes visuais que não representa objetos próprios da nossa realidade concreta exterior. Ao invés disso, usa as relações formais entre cores, linhas e superfícies para compor a realidade da obra, de uma maneira "não representacional". Surge a partir das experiências das vanguardas europeias, que recusam a herança renascentista das academias de arte, em outras palavras, a estética greco-romana. 
A expressão também pode ser usada para se referir especificamente à arte produzida no início do século XX por determinados movimentos e escolas que genericamente encaixam-se na arte moderna.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; No início do século XX, antes que os artistas atingissem a abstração absoluta, o termo também foi usado para se referir a escolas como o cubismo e o futurismo que, ainda que fossem representativas e figurativas, buscavam sintetizar os elementos da realidade natural, resultando em obras que fugiam à simples imitação daquilo que era "concreto".
O Abstracionismo é dividido em duas tendências, O abstracionismo lírico ou abstracionismo expressivo inspirava-se no instinto, no inconsciente e na intuição para construir uma arte imaginária ligada a uma "necessidade interior"; tendo sido influenciado pelo expressionismo, mais propriamente no Der Blaue Reiter. Aparece como reação às grandes revoluções do século.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O jogo de formas orgânicas e as cores vibrantes não eram muito patentes; mas também a linha de contorno sobressaía nesta arte que era muito figurativa.
Muitas artes naquela época procuravam se expressar por meio de música, sons. Mas o abstracionismo tinha o objetivo de se expressar por meio de desenhos abstratos, de forma figurativa. É desta forma que o abstracionismo lírico pretende igualar ou mesmo superar a música, transformando manchas de cor e linhas em ideias e simbolismos subjetivos.
Wassily Kandinsky foi o mentor deste gênero, utilizando cores puras em pinceladas rápidas, tensas e violentas. Essa arte pode se chamar figurativa porque ela possui uma figura.
[Savana Araújo]