LESSON 13
Autor: Hebert Lima | Publicado: 2012-05-13T19:53:00-07:00

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XIIISome words and phrases help to develop ideas and relate them to one another. These kinds of words and phrases are often called discourse markers. Note that most of these discourse markers are formal and used when speaking in a formal context or when presenting complicated information in writing. on the other hand; while; whereas These expressions give expression to two ideas which contrast but do not contradict each other. Examples: Football is popular in England, while in Australia they prefer cricket.
We've been steadily improving our customer service center. On the other hand our shipping department needs to be redesigned.
Jack thinks we're ready to begin whereas Tom things we still need to wait. however, nonetheless, nevertheless All these words are used to present two contrasting ideas. Examples: Smoking is proved to be dangerous to the health. Nonetheless, 40% of the population smokes.
Our teacher promised to take us on a field trip. However, he changed his mind last week.
Peter was warned not to invest all of his savings in the stock market. Nevertheless, he invested and lost everything. moreover, furthermore, in addition We use these expressions to add information to what has been said. The usage of these words is much more elegant than just making a list or using the conjunction 'and'. Examples: His problems with his parents are extremely frustrating. Moreover, there seems to be no easy solution to them.
I assured him that I would come to his presentation. Furthermore, I also invited a number of important representatives from the local chamber of commerce.
Our energy bills have been increasing steadily. In addition to these costs, our telephone costs have doubled over the past six months. therefore, as a result, consequently These expressions show that the second statement follows logically from the first statement. Examples: He reduced the amount of time studying for his final exams. As a result, his marks were rather low.
We've lost over 3,000 customers over the past six months. Consequently, we have been forced to cut back our advertising budget.
The government has drastically reduced its spending. Therefore, a number of programs have been canceled. 
  
      No      Pessoa      Pronome Pessoal      Pronome Possessivo      PronomeReflexivo  
      Sujeito      Objeto      Adjetivo      Possessivo  
      SINGULAR      1a pessoa      I (EU)      ME (ME/MIM)      MY (MEU)      MINE (MEU)      MYSELF(EU MESMO)  
      2a pessoa      YOU (VOCÊ)THOU (TU)      YOU (TE/TI)THEE      YOUR (SEU)THY(TEU)      YOURS(SEU)THINE(TEU)      YOURSELF(VOCÊ MESMO)THYSELF(TU MESMO)  
      3a pessoa      HE (ELE)      HIM(ELE)      HIS (DELE)      HIS(DELE)      HIMSELF(ELE MESMO)  
      SHE (ELA)      HER(ELA)      HER (DELA)      HERS(DELA)      HERSELF(ELA MESMA)  
      IT (ELE/ELA)*      IT(ELE/ELA)*      -      ITS      ITSELF(ELE/ELA MESMO)  
      PLURAL      1a pessoa      WE&nbsp;(NÓS)      US (NOS)      OUR (NOSSO)      OURS(NOSSO)      OURSELVES(NÓS MESMOS)  
      2a pessoa      YOU (VOCÊS)      YOU (VOCÊS)      YOUR (SEUS)      YOURS(SEUS)      YOURSELVES(VOCÊS MESMOS)  
      3a pessoa      THEY (ELES)      THEM (ELES)      THEIR (DELES)      THEIRS(DELES)      THEIRSELVES(ELES MESMOS)  


      Adjetivo      Tradução      Comparativo de Superioridade      Superlativo de Superioridade      Graus do Adjetivo  
      Accompanying      
      
      
      Comparativo        de igualdade
à AS… AS…Comparativo        de superioridade
à More… than (adjetivo longo)à -er… than (adjetivo curto)3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;   Comparativo de inferioridadeà Less… than
Superlativo de superioridade
à The most… (adjetivo longo)à The –est… (adjetivo curto)Superlativo&nbsp; de        inferioridade
à The least… 
  
      Acquainted      
      
      
  
      Adequate      
      
      
  
      Applicable      
      
      
  
      Available      
      
      
  
      Complete      
      
      
  
      Electric      
      
      
  
      Electrical      
      
      
  
      Equivalent      
      
      
  
      General      
      
      
  
      High      
      
      
  
      Important      
      
      
  
      Improper      
      
      
  
      International      
      
      
      NOTAS  
      Licensed      
      
      
  
      Medical      
      
      
  
      National      
      
      
  
      Practical      
      
      
  
      Prepared      
      
      
  
      Qualified      
      
      
  
      Sophisticated      
      
      
  
      Special      
      
      
  
      Trained      
      
      
  
      Transportation      
      
      
  
      Understanding      
      
      
  
      Urged      
      
      
  
      Useful      
      
      
  


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      Plus   (+) Minus (-) Divided by (/)   Times (x) Equals (=) Percent (%)