Os riscos do consumo de carnes processadas
Autor: Renata Kellen | Publicado: 2012-02-13T13:03:00-08:00

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Mais um estudo publicado por pesquisadores da Universidade de Washington na revista The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition demonstrou que o consumo de carnes processadas foi associado com maior risco para o desenvolvimento de diabetes tipo 2.Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo que acompanhou 2001 indivíduos durante cinco anos, com o objetivo de avaliar a associação entre o consumo habitual de carne processada (mortadela, salsicha, linguiça, presunto, salame, entre outros) e carne vermelha no aumento da incidência de diabetes.Foi observado que o consumo acima de 11,4g de carne processada por dia, especialmente do tipo spam (spiced ham, no Brasil conhecido como fiambre ou carne de lata) foi associada com maior risco para o desenvolvimento de diabetes. Os pesquisadores sugerem alguns mecanismos biológicos que possam explicar esses resultados. As carnes processadas são ricas em aditivos e conservantes, incluindo o nitrato de sódio, o que pode influenciar o risco de diabetes. As nitrosaminas presentes nesses tipos de alimento possuem efeito tóxico nas células beta do pâncreas. Além disso, as carnes processadas também são ricas em produtos finais da glicação avançada e que está associada a um aumento de inflamação e estresse oxidativo. Estes últimos são fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de diabetes. Outro aspecto importante é que uma dieta rica em carnes processadas pode causar ganho de peso e obesidade, que também são fatores de risco para o&nbsp; diabetes.“Este estudo contribui para as evidências que identificam o papel importante da dieta como um fator determinante na incidência de diabetes e sugere um alvo alimentar potencial para intervenções, objetivando sua prevenção”, concluem os pesquisadores. Fonte: Fretts AM, Howard BV, McKnight B, Duncan GE, Beresford SA, Mete M, et al. Associations of processed meat and unprocessed red meat intake with incident diabetes: the Strong Heart Family Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print]
As agências de notícias já haviam divulgado em 2010 o resultado de um estudo realizado pela escola de saúde pública de Harvard, publicado na revista Circulation. Segundo este estudo, o consumo de carnes processadas e embutidos aumenta o risco de doença coronariana, por conter nitratos e grande quantidade de sódio. Já a carne vermelha, não parece ser nociva.Fonte: Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk of Incident Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Diabetes Mellitus. 
...Em relação ao câncer de pâncreasAinda este ano, outro estudo publicado no British Journal of Cancer demosntrou que o consumo de grande quantidade de carne processada pode aumentar também o risco de câncer de pâncreas. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida pela Fundação Sueca do Câncer e pelo Instituto Karolinska, na Suécia, e concluiu que ingerir todos os dias uma quantidade do alimento equivalente a apenas uma salsicha já é suficiente para aumentar as chances da doença.