O centauro Quíron
Autor: Felipe Lucate | Publicado: 2013-12-31T13:03:00-02:00

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Quíron&nbsp;





De acordo com um mito
arcaico, Quíron, o centauro, nasceu da união entre o Titã Cronos e oceanide
Filira. O Titã assumiu a forma de um cavalo a fim de se esconder de sua esposa,
Reia, e nesta ocasião engravidou Filira.



Quiron era um centauro
que, de acordo com a mitologia grega, era considerado superior por seus próprios
pares. Os centauros eram notórios por serem bebedores, indisciplinados e
propensos à violência, mas Quíron era inteligente, civilizado e bondoso. Além disto,
era célebre por seus conhecimento e habilidade com a medicina.



Abandonado, o centauro
foi encontrado por Apolo, que o criou e lhe ensinou todos os seus
conhecimentos: artes, música, poesia, ética, filosofia, artes divinatórias e
profecias, terapias curativas e ciência. Quíron era tido como o último dos
centauros e altamente reverenciado como professor e tutor. Entre seus pupilos
estavam diversos heróis, como Asclépio, Aristeu, Ajax, Enéas, Actéon, Ceneu,
Teseu, Aquile, Jasão, Peleu, Télamon, Héracles, Oileu, Fênix, e em algumas
versões do mito, Dioniso.



Sua nobreza também se
reflete na história que narra sua morte que ocorreu durante a visita de seu
amigo Héracles à carvena de Folo, no Monte Pélion, na Tessália. Enquanto estavam
fazendo uma refeição, Héracles pediu vinho, para acompanhar a comida. Folo, que
comia sua comida crua, estranhou. Ele havia recebido do deus Dioniso uma jarra
de um vinho sagrado anteriormente, que deveria ser conservado para o resto dos
centauros até que fosse a hora certa de ser aberto. Diante do pedido de
Héracles, Folo sentiu-se constrangido em oferecer o vinho santo. O herói o
agarrou de suas mãos e o abriu, deixando que seus vapores e aromas saíssem da
garrafa e intoxicassem os centauros, liderados por Nesso, que estavam reunidos
do lado de fora da caverna e passaram imediatamente a arremessar pedras e
galhos. Héracles disparou diversas flechas embebidas com veneno da Hidra de
Lema contra eles, para afastá-los. Uma delas atingiu Quíron na coxa.



A flecha não matou
Quíron, pois, sendo filho de um titã, era imortal, porém provocou-lhe feridas
incuráveis e dores horríveis, que nem seus conhecimentos médicos eram capazes
de mitigar [O CENTAURO QUÍRON, 2013].



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<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>

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<![endif]-->Coube assim a Héracles fazer um acordo com Zeus,
trocando a imortalidade de Quíron pela vida de Prometeu, que roubara o fogo dos
deuses e o dera aos homens e, por isso, fora condenado a padecer eternamente,
amarrado a um rochedo enquanto um pássaro devorava seu fígado, que voltava a
crescer no dia seguinte. Zeus, que afirmara que só o libertaria se um imortal
abrisse mão de sua imortalidade e fosse para o Hades, o reino dos mortos, em
seu lugar, concordou, liberando Quíron de seu sofrimento para morrer
tranquilamente. O deus o homenageou, colocando-o no céu como a constelação que
chamamos de Sagitário (do latim sagitta, "flecha").






Constelação de Sagitário




Fontes de pesquisa:QUÍRON, disponível em: http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADron, acessado em: 31/12/2013



O CENTAURO QUÍRON,&nbsp; disponível em: http://greciantiga.org/arquivo.asp?num=0690, acessado em: 31/12/2013





Fonte das imagens:



QUÍRON, disponível em: http://sp0.fotolog.com/photo/32/62/9/johnnypierre/1213353877228_f.jpg, acessado em: 31/12/2013



CONSTELAÇÃO DE SAGITÁRIO, disponível em: http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QHVe26GyaAQ/T2Pb6Rd7CLI/AAAAAAAACj4/Z2hWzA3ezdU/s1600/sagitario.jpg, acessado em: 31/12/2013