Principais tecnologia empregadas e alternativas de utilização do tipo de energia
Autor: Amanda,Ana luisa,Barbara,Dayana ,Leticia Binda e Marianna Roberta | Publicado: 2011-06-26T14:12:00-07:00

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Em uma usina hidrelétrica, através da tecnologia empregada, os sistemas podem ser classificados em três tipos básicos: convencionais, numéricos e modernos. Tais sistemas podem ser divididos devido à crescente automação dos processos industriais.
Os sistemas convencionais são baseados em relés (interruptor acionado eletricamente) eletromecânicos e dispositivos analógicos. Eles utilizam painéis de controle com chaves mecânicas, botoeiras, instrumentos analógicos, luzes indicativas, entre outros.
Os sistemas numéricos são baseados em dispositivos digitais micro processadores e em redes de comunicação de dados no nível de estação e de bay (área de água, na maior parte, cercada de terra).
Os sistemas modernos têm a as características dos sistemas numéricos, usando hardware comum ao invés de equipamentos dedicados por função. Além disso, eles substituem o cabeamento de cobre convencional ao nível de processo por uma rede de comunicação de dados. Nas Usinas Hidrelétricas, a água do lago (ou reservatório) formado pelo fechamento da barragem é transportada por canais, túneis até a casa de força, onde passa por uma turbina hidráulica acoplada a um gerador, no qual a potência mecânica é transformada em potência elétrica; depois passa&nbsp; pela turbina, a água retorna ao leito natural do rio. A energia é conduzida por cabos até o transformador elevador, no qual sua voltagem é elevada para permitir a condução, pelas linhas de transmissão, até os centros consumidores, onde, por meio de transformadores abaixadores, o nível da voltagem é elevado aos níveis indicados para utilização.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;