Lixo, Agente Poluidor !!!
Autor: Emílio de Madalena - CE | Publicado: 2011-06-25T16:36:00-03:00

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Antes da Primeira Revolução Industrial as sociedades não enfrentavam problemas com o lixo, até por que os dejetos produzidos na época eram totalmente orgânicos além do mais as cidades eram relativamente pequenas e/ou com pouco contingente de pessoas, devido a isso nesse momento costumava-se enterrar o lixo com intuito de inibir o surgimento de animais hospedeiros de doenças tais como ratos, baratas, moscas entre outros. 

No entanto, a partir da Segunda Revolução Industrial as modalidades industriais se modificaram e houve um crescimento significativo na densidade demográfica em escala mundial, esse foi acompanhado pelo processo de urbanização, o aumento da população acelerou o consumo e que automaticamente gerou uma grande quantidade de lixo, visto que após essa revolução novos produtos e materiais foram colocados no mercado. 

Na atualidade os municípios que possuem coleta de lixo o levam para um local destinado a esse fim, denominado de lixões, que são verdadeiros depósitos de lixo a céu aberto, existe ainda outra forma de depositar os lixos, chamada de aterro sanitário, esse se difere, pois o lixo é coberto de terra e o solo é compactado. 

Os lugares nos quais os lixos são depositados se localizam na periferia dos municípios, mas muitas vezes os lixos são jogados em áreas inadequadas como ruas, galeria pluvial, encostas, mananciais entre outros, isso acontece em bairros que não recebem serviço de coleta de lixo, ou esse é oferecido de forma irregular. 

O acúmulo de lixo provoca impacto no meio ambiente comprometendo a fauna e a flora, mas não é somente isso, os dejetos produzem inconvenientes à sociedade: 

• A presença de insetos (moscas, pernilongo, escorpião, mosquitos transmissor da dengue etc), além de ratos que propagam doenças como a leptospirose e a peste bubônica.• A decomposição do lixo provoca um cheiro extremamente desagradável, e também produz um líquido de aspecto escuro que recebe o nome de chorume, que muitas vezes é absorvido pelo solo atingindo o lençol freático tornando-o contaminado.• O solo e as pessoas que tem contato direto com os dejetos são contaminados com as mais variadas substâncias encontradas no lixo.• Deslizamentos de encostas.• Acentua o problema de enchentes no período chuvoso e torna rios e córregos assoreados.• Devastação da paisagem.