LUMINOSIDADE DE GOETHE E TEORIA DE  ITTEN
Autor: Pamela Daniela | Publicado: 2011-09-26T21:13:00-07:00


Johann Wolfgang Goethe&nbsp;
&nbsp;



O escritor e pintor alemão Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832) se opôs a descoberta de Newton de que existem sete cores no espectro com a teoria de que existem somente seis cores visíveis sob as condições naturais de luz do dia. Para ele, a cor era composta de luminosidade ou sombra. Goethe era um pintor e seu interesse na forma em que realmente vemos e experienciamos a cor estimulou os teóricos e os artistas posteriores. Em suas observações descreveu os efeitos do "positivo"e "negativo" da cor sobre a mente.Baseado nas pesquisas de Newton, Goethe mostra em aquarela os resultados de dois experimentos de luz passando através de um prisma: as três cores principais do espectro de Newton - laranja, verde e azul violeta - seriam percebidas em um quarto escuro, através de um raio controlado de luz; no espectro de Goethe, as cores principais seriam azul cian, vermelho (que ele chamou de púrpura) e amarelo - vistos pelo olho a luz do dia . Juntando as seis cores formou a base do círculo das cores.&nbsp;

&nbsp;
&nbsp;TEORIA DE&nbsp; ITTEN&nbsp;&nbsp; 
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Itten nasceu em 1888 em Suderen-Linden, na Suíça, foi professor de escola primária, e teve formação de pintor com Adolf Hoelzel, cujas didácticas de arte e teoria de composição influenciaram o seu trabalho.&nbsp;  
  Já no século XX, o pintor e professor alemão Johannes Itten elaborou uma estrela  de cores onde são classificadas em três dimensões; matiz, tom, e saturação. São  doze matizes: as três prímarias, as três secundárias, e as terciárias, produzidas  pela mistura de cada uma das secundárias com as primárias. Tom é a  luminosidade ou escurecimento obtido da mistura de cada matiz com o preto.  Saturação é o "colorido" ou a intensidade da cor. A cor perde a intensidade a  medida que misturamos com o branco.