Interview with Francisco Aoyama - Brazil and society by Yoko Watanabe
Autor: Jutaisô | Publicado: 2013-10-14T16:39:00-07:00

Interview for ILSC Journal and NHK Province Journal by Yoko Watanabe, september 2013 - Vancouver - BC - Canadá




Yoko:



Hi,how are you? Thank you for your kindness.l want to ask you about....

1 poverty in brazil : what is the situation, tell me the rate of rich and poor.

2 what 's the problem ? Does it cause the violence ?

3 &nbsp;what is the difference between canada?

4 do you think the Olinpic could be taken place in brazil ?

Francisco Aoyama:

Economic Summary
Brazil’s economic freedom score is 57.7, making its economy the 100th freest in the 2013 Index. Its score is 0.2 point worse than last year, with gains in freedom from corruption and fiscal freedom offset by declines in labor and monetary freedoms. Brazil is ranked 19th out of 29 countries in the South and Central America/Caribbean region, and its overall score is below the world average.

The foundations for long-term economic development remain fragile in Brazil due to the absence of an efficiently functioning legal and regulatory framework. The state maintains an extensive presence in many sectors, and the legacy of decades of central planning is a substantial tolerance for state meddling in economic activity, even where it has demonstrably failed. Despite some progress, corruption continues to be pervasive.

Progress with market-oriented reforms has been uneven. The burdensome regulatory environment discourages private-sector growth and hampers realization of the economy’s full potential. Increasing inflationary pressure poses a risk to overall macroeconomic stability. Business confidence has floundered, with foreign investments declining about 40 percent in the first half of 2012.

Rule of Law
Contracts are generally considered secure, but Brazil’s judiciary is inefficient and subject to political and economic influence. Though protection of intellectual property rights has improved, piracy of copyrighted material persists. Corruption continues to undermine economic freedom, although President Rousseff has ousted six cabinet ministers in response to a public backlash and mobilization against lax governance standards.

Limited Government
The income tax rate is 27.5 percent. The standard corporate tax rate is only 15 percent, but a financial transactions tax, 10 percent surtax, and 9 percent social contribution on net profits bring the effective rate to 34 percent. The overall tax burden amounts to 32.5 percent of GDP. Public spending is over one-third of GDP, and attempts at fiscal stimulus have added to a history of chronic public deficits. Public debt, however, has been relatively stable.

Regulatory Efficiency
Progress in improving the regulatory framework has been uneven. Bureaucratic hurdles remain common, including lengthy processes for launching a business and obtaining permits. The non-salary cost of employing a worker adds to the cost of doing business, and labor regulations remain stringent. Inflation has increased as the Banco Central do Brasil has cut interest rates in the face of sluggish demand and an overvalued currency.

Open Markets
The trade-weighted tariff rate is 7.6 percent. Non-tariff barriers and the use of antidumping measures are a cause for concern. Foreign investors are generally granted national treatment, but their activity is restricted in some sectors. A complex tax and regulatory environment challenges investors. The banking sector emerged relatively unscathed from the global downturn, with credits to the private sector increasing.

Answers

Question nr. 1

&nbsp; &nbsp;Brazil's HDI for 2012 is 0.730, keeping the country in the group of countries with high human development. Its position in relation to 187 countries and territories classified is the 85th, the same position as in 2011. &nbsp; The HDI of Brazil remains well ahead of other emerging economies such as China (101th), South Africa (121st) and and India (136th). &nbsp; The Report points out that the country has grown significantly in the HDI, a faster pace and with more quality than many of the Latin American neighbors, to balance growth in three dimensions of human development. &nbsp; Between 1990 and 2012, the HDI has left 0,590 to 0,730, an increase of 24%. This rate of growth of the Brazilian HDI over the period is higher than in Chile (40th position), Argentina (45th) and Mexico (61st), for example.

Question nr.2

In my opinion, the crucial problem of Brazil was a patriarchal structure, hierarchical and exploitative colonization, which has favored social inequalities, criminal distribution of income, which very few have and many have nothing. The lack of an efficient system of education coupled with this problem, difficult to change this scenario, Brazil is among the five countries with the highest tax collection in the world, and is one of the countries with the highest rate of corruption. The violence is just a consequence of this unequal scenario, where families are formed without the minimal structure.

Question nr. 3

The differences between Brazil and Canada are huge. First the form of colonization of Canada was settlement and development of the country, then all came here to build a new life. Brazil in turn applied the culture has always been to explore and arrange for europe. I believe that Brazil needs to fix a route structure of their society in the political aspect, and then hit the social. Canada now the problem is noticeably social and family structure, the homeless are the result of problems such as drugs, family violence and idleness, in this case the problem is not financial in my opinion the lack of such basic principles, family life, spirituality, work can help improve Canada and its social problems. In Brazil first policy and structural change of society, as has been happening, including more people with the right to a dignified life.



Question nr. 4

I believe the olympics and world cup football, are not the priorities of the country, the time is not ideal, however the Brazilian people are very resilient and more creative in the world, and even corruption of processes, violence and lack structure, I'm sure the event will be a success from the point of view of implementation and achievement of objectives, we note that in the Pan American Games, World Judo Cup and Confederations Cup, all performed recently and satisfactorily.