Proposta indica fim de neutralidade na rede
Autor: Simone | Publicado: 2010-09-23T11:41:00-07:00

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Neutralidade na rede ameaçada.
Proposta da Google e da Verizon poderia acabar com a neutralidade da internet nos EUA, permitindo a discriminação de dados. 
O Google e a provedora de internet americana Verizon publicaram uma proposta sobre a neutralidade da rede nos Estados Unidos. A proposta das empresas americanas, apesar de defender a neutralidade da rede na internet já consolidada (aquela que chega na casa dos usuários por meio de cabos), libera os provedores para bloquearem o que quiserem em redes sem fio (como a dos celulares 3G). Até mesmo conteúdo legal poderia ser barrado, com a condição de que os clientes fossem avisados do que está sendo bloqueado. A justificativa para isso, segundo as empresas, são as “características técnicas e operacionais das redes sem fio”. Pela proposta, novos serviços de internet que venham a ser criados (por exemplo: transmissão ao vivo de vídeo em 3D) também não precisariam seguir a neutralidade na rede.
A Verizon é uma das maiores operadoras de internet por celular e uma das maiores provedoras de internet doméstica dos EUA e poderia lucrar muito mais caso uma lei semelhante ao que foi proposto fosse aprovada. Mas o que significa o fim da neutralidade da rede? E como essa discussão nos Estados Unidos afeta o Brasil?
&nbsp;A neutralidade da rede é um dos temas mais importantes para os defensores da internet livre. O princípio afirma que todas as informações que circulam na web devem ser tratadas da mesma forma, sem que a velocidade de acesso seja maior ou menor para determinado conteúdo por motivações políticas, econômicas ou culturais. Apesar de sinalizações a favor da neutralidade da rede pela Federal Communications Commission (FCC), agência que regula o mercado de telecomunicações nos EUA, e pelo presidente Barack Obama,&nbsp;não há uma legislação no país sobre o tema. 

Várias críticas feitas contra a proposta do Google e da Verizon afirmam basicamente que os acessos domésticos por meio de cabos vão diminuir (a internet que hoje é "livre", "neutra") e que o futuro da internet está nas redes sem fio, com o crescimento do mercado de smartphones, e em novos serviços com novos conteúdos. Ou seja, o que as empresas estão propondo acabaria com a neutralidade da rede no futuro. Ou a proposta poderia acabar criando duas redes, uma em que a neutralidade é válida, e uma em que não é.