Descoberto o primeiro inflamassoma independente de caspase-1
Autor: Microbiologia e Imunologia | Publicado: 2011-12-06T09:10:00-08:00

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No inicio desse mês (Novembro/2011), foi publicado na revista Nature um artigo que deve se tornar um dos seminais na área do inflamassoma. 

Pesquisadores da Genentech, liderados por Vishva Dixit (que por sinal é um grande admirador do Brasil) demonstraram que a caspase-11 de camundongos (caspase-4 de humanos) participa da ativação de um novo inflamassoma. 

Esse inflamassoma é ativado por bactérias patogênicas entéricas como E. coli e Vibrio cholerae ou por toxinas produzidas por essas bactérias. Entre elas a toxina colérica. Vale ressaltar que a toxina colérica é extremamente importante para a patogênese de cólera: a administração da toxina sozinha para indivíduos saudáveis pode recapitular os sintomas da doença, mesmo em ausência da bactéria. 
Esse novo inflamassoma é independente de caspase-1 e das proteínas adaptadoras conhecidas: ASC e NLRC4. Uma vez ativado esse inflamassoma de caspase-11 induz a célula a um processo de morte celular inflamatória denominado piroptose (nesse caso, ocorre sem a secreção de IL-1b, cuja clivagem é dependente de ASC/Caspase-1), mas com a produção de IL-1a. 

O inflamassoma de caspase-11 pode também ativar caspase-1, ativando o inflamassoma canônico composto por NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1. Isso seria importante para garantir uma resposta mais robusta, provavelmente necessária diante da infecção por patógenos entéricos produtores de toxinas potentes como a colérica, shiga.
Link: http://blogdasbi.blogspot.com/2011/11/descoberto-o-primeiro-inflamassoma.html
Enviado por: Daniela de Freitas Rodrigue