VACINA TRÍPLICE E RISCOS PARA AUTISMO.
Autor: SEBASTIÃO LUIZ RM | Publicado: 2015-05-19T20:10:00-07:00


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Nenhuma associação encontrada entre a vacina
tríplice viral (sarampo, caxumba e rubéola) e o autismo, mesmo entre crianças
sob maior risco

Apesar
de diversos estudos terem mostrado que não há ligação entre a vacina tríplice viral
(VTV) e os distúrbios do espectro do autismo, pais e outras pessoas continuam a
fazer essa associação. Um novo estudo examinou se a VTV estava associada com um
risco aumentado de distúrbios do espectro do autismo, especialmente em crianças
cujos irmãos mais velhos já tinham um diagnóstico de autismo.

Embora
as pesquisas mostrem que não há ligação entre a vacina tríplice viral (VTV) e
os distúrbios do espectro do autismo (autism spectrum disorders, ASD), as
crenças de que a vacina causa o autismo persistem, levando a níveis de
vacinação mais baixos. Principalmente pais que já têm um filho com ASD costumam
ser mais desconfiados da vacinação.

Estudo
com ampla amostragem, realizado com 95.727 crianças com irmão mais velhos,
apenas 1,04% foram diagnosticadas com &nbsp;ASD ((autism spectrum disorders, ASD) , 2,01 %
tinham um irmão mais velho com ASD. Dos que possuíam um irmão mais velho com
ASD e também tinham ASD, apresentaram-se apenas 6,9%, contra 0,9% de irmãos não
afetados.
O recebimento da vacina VTV não foi associado com um risco aumentado de ASD
em nenhuma idade. Para crianças com irmãos mais velhos com ASD, aos 2 anos de
idade, o risco relativo (RR) ajustado de ASD para uma dose de VTV vs. nenhuma
vacinação foi de 0,76 (IC de 95%: 0,49-1,18; P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0,22), e aos
5 anos, o RR de ASD para duas doses comparado com nenhuma vacinação foi de 0,56
(IC de 95%: 0,31-1,01; P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0,052). Para crianças cujos irmãos
mais velhos não tinham ASD, aos 2 anos de idade, o RR ajustado de ASD para uma
dose foi de 0,91 (IC de 95%: 0,67-1,20; P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0,50) e aos 5
anos, o RR de ASD para duas doses foi de 1,12 (IC de 95%: 0,78-1,59; P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0,55).
Conclusões e relevância Nesta ampla amostragem de crianças com plano
de saúde particular com irmãos mais velhos, o recebimento da VTV não foi
associado com risco aumentado de ASD, independentemente de irmãos mais velhos
com ASD. Esses achados indicam que não há associação prejudicial entre o
recebimento da VTV e os ASD mesmo entre crianças que já estejam sob maior risco
de ASD.
Fonte: 
UNIVADIS-MEDICAL 
Jain A, Marshall J, Buikema
A, et al. Autism occurrence by MMR vaccine status among us children with older
siblings with and without autism. JAMA. 2015;313(15):1534-1540.
2014 American Medical
Association.