HIPERTEXTO
Autor: r-ferreproinfo | Publicado: 2011-11-18T10:07:00-08:00

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O termo
hipertexto foi criado por Theodore Nelson, na década de sessenta, para
denominar a forma de escrita/leitura não linear na informática, pelo sistema
“Xanadu”. Até então a ideia de hipertextualidade havia sido apenas manifestada
pelo matemático e físico Vannevar Bush através do dispositivo “Memex”.

O hipertexto
está relacionado à própria evolução da tecnologia computacional quando a
interação passa à interatividade, em que o computador deixa de ser apenas uma
máquina, passando a oferecer ao usuário interfaces interativas.

O hipertexto faz com que o leitor se torne um
participante ativo em relação ao processo de aquisição de conhecimentos, pelo
fato de permitir a leitura de vários textos de autores diferentes que se
entrelaçam ao longo da navegação através de links que ao serem acessados, nos
permite a mudança instantânea de autor. Ao acessarmos um ponto
determinado de um hipertexto, consequentemente, outros que estão interligados
também são acessados, no grau de interatividade que necessitamos.

Os hipertextos se constituem como recursos
importantes para organizar material de diferentes disciplinas ministradas
simultaneamente ou em ocasião anterior e mesmo para recompor colaborações
preciosas entre diferentes turmas de alunos.

Paralelamente aos aspectos positivos os teóricos do
hipertexto apontam, também, os problemas que podem advir de seu uso como
sistema de ensino e aprendizagem. Para Santos a
característica de não linearidade exige atenção redobrada para que o foco de
pesquisa não seja deslocado para assuntos diversos, também de interesse do
aluno e do pesquisador, mas que não se definem como complementares àquela
intertextualidade que o leitor hipertextual buscava no início da pesquisa. 

Mais do que uma simples enumeração de vantagens e
problemas, devemos refletir que o hipertexto se apresenta não só como uma nova
forma de produção e transmissão cultural, mas também de escrita e leitura, para
se repensar alguns aspectos da própria educação.