Modal Verbs
Autor: Verinha Giunta | Publicado: 2016-05-31T12:11:00-07:00






&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;CAN







Usamos CAN&nbsp; para:







a) Habilidade ou não



He CAN play the guitar very well.



She CAN’T&nbsp; play the piano.







b)Pedir permissão



Can I use your pen please?







c) Pedido



Can you help me with my homework?











&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;COULD







Usamos COULD&nbsp; para:







a) Pedir permissão ( mais formal)



Could I use your pen?







b) Pedido ( mais formal)



Could you pass me the salad, please?







c) Sugestão



We could go to the movies tonight.







d) Possibilidade futura



We could have another storm soon...







&nbsp;e)Habilidade passada



John could speak English and Spanish when he was little.







f) Impossibilidade (passada)



She couldn’t come to school yesterday because she was sick.







WILL BE ABLE TO



Equivale ao futuro de CAN ( HABILIDADE)



Ex.: The baby WILL BE ABLE TO walk soon.







&nbsp;FORMAS NEGATIVAS:



CANNOT (CAN’T)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; COULDN’T &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;WON’T BE ABLE TO











&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MAY



&nbsp;Usamos MAY para:







a) Pedir permissão ( formal)



May I have some more ice cream?







b) Possibilidade futura



I may go swimming this afternoon.







MIGHT



Equivale ao Passado ou Condicional de may.







Ex.: She said she MIGHT be back for dinner.



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ela disse que poderia voltar para o jantar.





a) Geralmente indica menor probabilidade.



Ex.: They might go to the movies.







b) Apesar de ser um verbo,&nbsp; podemos traduzir might como advérbio:&nbsp;TALVEZ







c)&nbsp;May/might + have + past participle



Indica que algo pode / poderia ter ocorrido





Peter&nbsp;may have gone&nbsp;to the church because it’s Sunday.&nbsp;(Ele poderia ter ido à igreja porque é domingo)



The&nbsp; soup tasted awful because the cook might have used sugar instead of salt.(&nbsp;A sopa está horrível porque o cozinheiro&nbsp; poderia ter usado&nbsp;açúcar&nbsp;ao invés de sal )







d) Formas negativas:&nbsp;may not , might not



Não existe short form.





&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MUST / HAVE TO





Usamos must/ have to para:



a) Certeza



This must be (have to be) the right address!







b) Necessidade / obrigação



Students&nbsp; must pass (have to pass) the entrance exam to study at this school.







c) Forte recomendação



You have a temperature. You must take the medicine.







d) Dedução



The lights are on, so they must be home.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;







Had to



&nbsp;indica obrigação, necessidade no passado



The baby&nbsp;had to&nbsp;go to the doctor. She was ill.







Must have + past participle indica que algo deve ter ocorrido.



The kids are happy. Their team&nbsp;must have won.



As crianças estão felizes. O time delas deve ter vencido.







&nbsp;&nbsp;Will have to =&nbsp;futuro de MUST



In the future you will have to make a living as a teacher.







Formas negativas:



Must not indica proibição : Students must not cheat on tests.



Need not/ don’t have to indicam “não obrigação, não necessidade”







SHOULD / OUGHT TO



Usamos should/ought to para:



a) Dar conselhos.



You should ( ought to) eat fruit and vegetables every day.









b) Previsão incerta



The number of homeless people should increase next year.







c) Condition:



Should ( If) you need any help, call me.







Should / ought to + have + past participle



Indica que algo deveria ter ocorrido, mas não ocorreu.



He should have paid his bills.







Formas negativas:&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;Shouldn’t &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;ought not to



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;



Summary



Can&nbsp;( presente) : habilidade, permissão, pedido



Could&nbsp;&nbsp;( passado): permissão, pedido, sugestão, possibilidade, impossibilidade. habilidade passada



Will be able to&nbsp;(futuro)- habilidade







May &nbsp;permissão ( formal) / possibilidade futura



Might &nbsp;Passado/condicional de may&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Menor probabilidade ( talvez)



May/might have + particípio:&nbsp;poderia ter ocorrido ( guessing)







Must / have to ( presente)&nbsp;&nbsp;Certeza, obrigação, necessidade, recomendação, dedução



Mustn’t&nbsp;&nbsp;Proibição



Needn’t / don’t have to&nbsp; não necessidade / não obrigação



Had to&nbsp; ( passado)



Will have to&nbsp;( futuro)



Must + have + participio&nbsp;: algo deve ter ocorrido







Should / ought to&nbsp; &nbsp;Conselho, previsão incerta, condição



Links para praticar online:



http://usefulenglish.ru/grammar/modal-verbs-exercise-seven



http://usefulenglish.ru/grammar/modal-verbs-exercise-eight



http://workandhard.blogspot.com.br/2012/10/atividades-sobre-modal-verbs.html