The present perfect tense
Autor: Shirlei Cunha | Publicado: 2010-03-07T08:03:00-08:00

Na minha humilde opinião é um dos tempos verbais em inglês mais complicados de entender, mesmo porque nós não temos em nossa lingua um tempo verbal equivalente.Ele é utilizado para se referir a uma ação que aconteceu no passado e tem consequências no presente. Pode ser traduzido tanto no passado como no presente.O grande diferencial entre escrever nesse tempo ou no passado são as datas.O past simple é datado e o present perfect não é.  Tanto que nós podemos usar o present perfect para se referir algo no presente.Assim, olhe!"I've studied English."- Eu estudo inglês; tipo eu já estudo faz tempo e continuo estudando.Tem mais, quando aparecem os advérbios: for (with a period of time), since (with an exact point in time), ever, never, yet, already, this week (month, year), normalmente teremos o Present Perfect.I´ve never been in UK.Have you finished your report yet?Para entender um pouco mais sobre esse tempo vá a estes dois link:1. Formação e estrutura2. ExercíciosEssa tabelinha de verbos irregulares ajuda pra caramba. Num é que você tem que decorá-la, mas tem alguns verbos que a gente usa com mais frequência e é bom guardá-los na memória, certo?Ah, para formar o Present Perfect verbo to have (has, have) + particípio passado do verbo principal regulares -ed irregulares vide 3ª coluna da tabela.                    Past                             Past                         <!-- Table 01 Row 02 -->                           Infinitive                             Simple                             participle                                 <!-- Table 02 Row 01 -->                           be                             was/were                             been                <!-- Table 02 Row 02 -->                           beat                             beat                             beaten                <!-- Table 02 Row 03 -->                           become                             became                             become                <!-- Table 02 Row 04 -->                           begin                             began                             begun                <!-- Table 02 Row 05 -->                           bend                             bent                             bent                <!-- Table 02 Row 06 -->                           bet                             bet                             bet                <!-- Table 02 Row 07 -->                           bite                             bit                             bitten                <!-- Table 02 Row 08 -->                           blow                             blew                             blown                <!-- Table 02 Row 09 -->                           break                             broke                             broken                <!-- Table 02 Row 10 -->                           bring                             brought                             brought                <!-- Table 02 Row 11 -->                           build                             built                             built                <!-- Table 02 Row 12 -->                           burst                             burst                             burst                <!-- Table 02 Row 13 -->                           buy                             bought                             bought                <!-- Table 02 Row 14 -->                           catch                             caught                             caught                <!-- Table 02 Row 15 -->                           choose                             chose                             chosen                <!-- Table 02 Row 16 -->                           come                             came                             come                <!-- Table 02 Row 17 -->                           cost                             cost                             cost                <!-- Table 02 Row 18 -->                           cut                             cut                             cut                <!-- Table 02 Row 19 -->                           deal                             dealt                             dealt                <!-- Table 02 Row 20 -->                           dig                             dug                             dug                <!-- Table 02 Row 21 -->                           do                             did                             done                <!-- Table 02 Row 22 -->                           draw                             drew                             drawn                <!-- Table 02 Row 23 -->                           drink                             drank                             drunk                <!-- Table 02 Row 24 -->                           eat                             ate                             eaten                <!-- Table 02 Row 25 -->                           fall                             fell                             fallen                <!-- Table 02 Row 26 -->                           feed                             fed                             fed                <!-- Table 02 Row 27 -->                           feel                             felt                             felt                <!-- Table 02 Row 28 -->                           fight                             fought                             fought                <!-- Table 02 Row 29 -->                           find                             found                             found                <!-- Table 02 Row 30 -->                           fly                             flew                             flown                <!-- Table 02 Row 31 -->                           forbid                             forbade                             forbidden                <!-- Table 02 Row 32 -->                           forget                             forgot                             forgotten                <!-- Table 02 Row 33 -->                           freeze                             froze                             frozen                <!-- Table 02 Row 34 -->                           get                             got                             got                <!-- Table 02 Row 35 -->                           give                             gave                             given                <!-- Table 02 Row 36 -->                           go                             went                             gone                <!-- Table 02 Row 37 -->                           grow                             grew                             grown                <!-- Table 02 Row 38 -->                           hang                             hung                             hung                <!-- Table 02 Row 39 -->                           have                             had                             had                <!-- Table 02 Row 40 -->                           hear                             heard                             heard                <!-- Table 02 Row 41 -->                           hide                             hid                             hidden                <!-- Table 02 Row 42 -->                           hit                              hit                             hit                <!-- Table 02 Row 43 -->                           hold                             held                             held                <!-- Table 02 Row 44 -->                           hurt                             hurt                             hurt                <!-- Table 02 Row 45 -->                           keep                             kept                             kept                <!-- Table 02 Row 46 -->                           know                             knew                             known                <!-- Table 02 Row 47 -->                           lay                             laid                             laid                <!-- Table 02 Row 48 -->                           lead                             led                             led                <!-- Table 02 Row 49 -->                           leave                             left                             left                <!-- Table 02 Row 50 -->                           lend                             lent                             lent                <!-- Table 02 Row 51 -->                           let                             let                             let                <!-- Table 02 Row 52 -->                           lie                             lay                             lain                <!-- Table 02 Row 53 -->                           light                             lit                             lit                <!-- Table 02 Row 54 -->                           lose                             lost                             lost                <!-- Table 02 Row 55 -->                           make                             made                             made                <!-- Table 02 Row 56 -->                           mean                             meant                             meant                <!-- Table 02 Row 57 -->                           meet                             met                             met                <!-- Table 02 Row 58 -->                           pay                             paid                             paid                <!-- Table 02 Row 59 -->                           put                             put                             put                <!-- Table 02 Row 60 -->                           read                             read                             read                <!-- Table 02 Row 61 -->                           ride                             rode                             ridden                <!-- Table 02 Row 62 -->                           ring                             rang                             rung                <!-- Table 02 Row 63 -->                           rise                             rose                             risen                <!-- Table 02 Row 64 -->                           run                             ran                             run                <!-- Table 02 Row 65 -->                           say                             said                             said                <!-- Table 02 Row 66 -->                           see                             saw                             seen                <!-- Table 02 Row 67 -->                           seek                             sought                             sought                <!-- Table 02 Row 68 -->                           sell                             sold                             sold                <!-- Table 02 Row 69 -->                           send                             sent                             sent                <!-- Table 02 Row 70 -->                           set                             set                             set                <!-- Table 02 Row 71 -->                           sew                             sewed                             sewn/sewed                <!-- Table 02 Row 72 -->                           shake                             shook                             shaken                <!-- Table 02 Row 73 -->                           shine                             shone                             shone                <!-- Table 02 Row 74 -->                           shoot                             shot                             shot                <!-- Table 02 Row 75 -->                           show                             showed                             shown                <!-- Table 02 Row 76 -->                           shrink                             shrank                             shrunk                <!-- Table 02 Row 77 -->                           shut                             shut                             shut                <!-- Table 02 Row 78 -->                           sing                             sang                             sung                <!-- Table 02 Row 79 -->                           sink                             sank                             sunk                <!-- Table 02 Row 80 -->                           sit                             sat                             sat                <!-- Table 02 Row 81 -->                           sleep                             slept                             slept                <!-- Table 02 Row 82 -->                           speak                             spoke                             spoken                <!-- Table 02 Row 83 -->                           spend                             spent                             spent                <!-- Table 02 Row 84 -->                           split                             split                             split                <!-- Table 02 Row 85 -->                           spread                             spread                             spread                <!-- Table 02 Row 86 -->                           spring                             sprang                             sprung                <!-- Table 02 Row 87 -->                           stand                             stood                             stood                <!-- Table 02 Row 88 -->                           steal                             stole                             stolen                <!-- Table 02 Row 89 -->                           stick                             stuck                             stuck                <!-- Table 02 Row 90 -->                           sting                             stung                             stung                <!-- Table 02 Row 91 -->                           stink                             stank                             stunk                <!-- Table 02 Row 92 -->                           strike                             struck                             struck                <!-- Table 02 Row 93 -->                           swear                             swore                             sworn                <!-- Table 02 Row 94 -->                           sweep                             swept                             swept                <!-- Table 02 Row 95 -->                           swim                             swam                             swum                <!-- Table 02 Row 96 -->                           swing                             swung                             swung                <!-- Table 02 Row 97 -->                           take                             took                             taken                <!-- Table 02 Row 98 -->                           teach                             taught                             taught                <!-- Table 02 Row 99 -->                           tear                             tore                             torn                <!-- Table 02 Row 100 -->                           tell                             told                             told                <!-- Table 02 Row 101 -->                           think                             thought                             thought                <!-- Table 02 Row 102 -->                           throw                             threw                             thrown                <!-- Table 02 Row 103 -->                           understand                             understood                             understood                <!-- Table 02 Row 104 -->                           wake                             woke                             woken                <!-- Table 02 Row 105 -->                           wear                             wore                             worn                <!-- Table 02 Row 106 -->                           win                             won                             won                <!-- Table 02 Row 107 -->                           write                             wrote                             written