O Focke-Wulf FW 200 “Condor” 
Autor: 1000tão - Milton knabben Fileti | Publicado: 2012-12-26T08:42:00-08:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp; 

O Focke-Wulf FW 200 “Condor” foi
criado em 1937 como um avião de luxo, para o transporte de passageiros em
linhas aéreas comerciais. Era o mais confortável e silencioso da época, e também mais caro. Teve o mesmo pai que o maravilhoso FW 190, o
engenheiro aeronáutico Kurt Tank, que juntamente com a elite da estatal alemã
Lufthansa, buscou uma aeronave que concorresse diretamente com o norte
americano Douglas DC-3, além de substituir o lendário trimotor Junkers Ju 52. A
idéia era de que fosse a primeira aeronave a atravessar o atlântico sem
escalas, de maneira segura e confortável, no menor tempo possível.&nbsp; O que era apenas um projeto
acabou tornando-se uma aeronave fantástica, com quatro motores, asas em
cantiléver e trens de pouso com amortecedores que proporcionavam um pouso macio
e seguro.&nbsp;









Em agosto de 1938, pousa pela
primeira vez na América. Após uma viajem de 6.437km em 24 horas e 57 minutos, o
FW 200 “Condor”, prefixo D-ACON nomeado Brandenburg, taxia pela pista do
aeroporto Floyd Bennett, o primeiro campo de pouso de Nova Iorque, hoje
transformado em um parque, de onde ainda decolam helicópteros da policia e de
equipes de socorro. Sua viagem de volta a Alemanha levou 19 horas e 47 minutos,
evidentemente devido a um “amigo” vento de cauda, e não de proa como na viagem
em direção aos Estados Unidos da América. A mesma aeronave em um vôo para
Tóquio acabou ficando sem combustível e foi abandonada no mar.






O Brandenburg em Nova Iorque.




Durante a Segunda Grande Guerra
foi utilizada como bombardeiro. A idéia de utilizar a aeronave para fins
militares foi dos japoneses, que adquiriram um exemplar. Seu idealizador passou
a realizar uma série de modificações para que fosse então utilizado pela
Luftwaffe. Primeiro foi utilizado em reconhecimento marítimo, devido a sua
grande autonomia. Foram adaptados holofotes, câmeras fotográficas, botes e
metralhadoras MG15 de 7.92mm. Depois bombas de 250kg e até de 500kg em trilhos.
As dificuldades técnicas de manutenção foram muitas, principalmente devido as
pistas não preparadas.









Os FW 200 também foram bastante utilizados
em investidas contra as ilhas britânicas, e mais tarde contra comboios de
navios. Em dois meses afundaram 90.000 toneladas, chegando a marca de 363.000
toneladas. Por esse feito, foi apelidado por Winston Churchill – primeiro
ministro da Inglaterra – de “Flagelo do Atlântico”.&nbsp; &nbsp;

Acabou tornando-se a aeronave
oficial do Führer, Adolf Hitler. Num primeiro momento receoso pelo trem de
pouso retrátil FW200, preferia o Ju 52. Mas com o tempo rendeu-se ao “Condor”.









Nos céus do Brasil vai fazer sua estreia
ainda no final da década de 1930, trazido pelo Sindicato Condor (subsidiária da
Lufthansa e posteriormente Cruzeiro do Sul). Duas aeronaves foram encomendadas, do modelo Fw 200A-0. Após voarem
11.000km, aterrizam em junho de 1939 no Rio de Janeiro, após escalas em Sevilha/Espanha,
Bathurst/Gâmbia e Natal/RN. Receberam os prefixos PP-CBI "Abaitará" e
PP-CBJ "Arumani", passando a voar na linha Rio de Janeiro – Buenos Aires.&nbsp;




PP-CBI "Abaitará" 


Como o
  Brasil demorou um pouco a decidir quem apoiar durante a Segunda Grande Guerra,
  tornaram-se uma preocupação para os norte-americanos, já que podiam ser convertidos
  rapidamente para o uso militar, e possuíam autonomia de voo para chegar até o
  Canal do Panamá. Um acordo tecnológico para a fabricação do avião no Brasil também
  havia sido fechado com o fabricante, o que deixou os EUA ainda mais
  preocupados.




PP-CBJ "Arumani"


&nbsp;Em março de 1947 o "Abaitará" foi danificado em solo por um
DC-3 da Panair que pousava no Aeroporto Santos Dumont, e acabou sendo sucateado
por falta de peças para o conserto. Já o "Arumani", dizem ter sido destruído
para não restar nenhum indício de nazismo no Brasil, após a queda do III Reich
e o fim da Segunda Grande Guerra, mas provavelmente deixou de operar também
devido a falta de peças. Foi o fim de um clássico que impulsionou os primeiros
anos de aviação civil no Brasil.




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Ficha Técnica 



Pais de origem:
Alemanha



Tipo:
Bombardeiro de reconhecimento marítimo, 6 tripulantes (FW 200C-3/U4)



Propulsão: 4
motores de 9 cilindros em linha BMW Bramo 323R-2 Fafnir de 1.200HP (895 kW)



Desempenho:
velocidade máxima 360km/h (224mph); teto de serviço 6.000m (19.685ft); alcance 4.440km
(2.759 milhas)



Pesos:&nbsp; vazio 12.950kg (28.549lb); máximo de
decolagem 22.700kg (50.044lb)



Dimensões:
envergadura 32,84m (107ft 8in); comprimento 23,46m (76ft 11,5in); altura 6,30m
(20ft8in)



Armamento: 1
canhão móvel de 20mm na gôndola ventral dianteira, 1 metralhadora móvel de 13mm
na posição dorsal traseira, 1 metralhadora móvel de 13mm em cada posição de
longarina, 1 metralhadora de 7,92mm na posição ventral traseira e 1
metralhadora de 7,92mm na torre dorsal dianteira; carga de bombas de 2.100kg (4630lb)




&nbsp;


&nbsp;


Fontes: 

http://www.airliner.net/nazi-airliner-brooklyn-ny-condor-fw200#more-844
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

http://www.luftwaffe39-45.historia.nom.br/aero/fw200.htm

http://wp.scn.ru/