2° ANO - TEXTO COMPLEMENTAR – REVOLUÇÃO RUSSA  - Pág.19 e 20
Autor: Prof. Alex | Publicado: 2013-09-17T16:23:00-03:00

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TEXTO COMPLEMENTAR – REVOLUÇÃO RUSSA&nbsp;
- Pág.19 e 20



Em 1917, a Rússia passou por um
processo revolucionário, que abalou as estruturas econômicas do país e
posteriormente do restante do mundo. Neste período a Russía ainda vivia a
transição do feudalismo para o capitalismo, pois, permaneciam os privilégios da
nobreza e do clero, porém, já passava por um processo de industrialização e a
formação da classe trabalhadora.

O líder russo, o Czar, mantinha
um governo absolutista e não permitia oposição política. Mesmo assim algums
partidos se organizaram clandestinamente. O Partido Social-Democrata dividiu-se
em duas vertentes : Os Mencheviques que propunham uma aliança com a burguesia
para desenvolver o capitalismo da Rússia e depois preparar uma revolução do
proletariado e os Bolcheviques que acreditavam que as condições atuais já eram
o suficiente para estabelecer a revolução.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Os revolucionários
começaram a ser organizar nos sovietes, assembleias dos bolcheviques, que
reuniam desde camponeses até operários e soldados, para disseminar seus ideais
revolucionários e socialistas e liderados por Lênin, o grande líder intelectual
e político do movimento.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Muito
imaginam, que a revolução russa, a tomada de poder do czar pelos proletários,
implantou o socialismo de imediato, mas as primeiras ações&nbsp; foram tratadas como a Nova Política Econômica
(chamada de NEP), que previa a volta de algumas medidas capitalistas(liberdade
de comércio, diferenciação de salários) como forma de dinamizar a produção
russa, destruida pela guerra e pelos conflitos revolucionários internos.