O Cristianismo é um Platonismo para o Povo
Autor: Filosofia | Publicado: 2013-04-27T17:41:00-07:00


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A relação entre o pensamento
de Platão e o cristianismo é sabidamente íntima, e ocorre desde os primórdios
de sua fundação, na Patrística. Temos que não há um só Platão, porém vários,
segundo seus intérpretes e seguidores. Daí o neoplatonismo ter ensejado várias
escolas filosóficas, inclusive de cunho religioso. Porém a linha central de seu
pensamento, inegavelmente, serviu àquelas teorias que pretenderam a metafísica.
O nascente cristianismo embeberou-se sofregamente no manancial teórico do
platonismo, guardadas as devidas proporções.







O sistema dualista platônico
atendeu a necessidade de racionalização que a cristandade ansiava. Na eminente
figura de Agostinho assume uma justificativa da teorização do embate entre
“carne e espírito”, identificando-se com os elementos filosóficos platônicos do
mundo sensível em oposição ao inteligível, matéria e mundo das Ideias. A
analogia é de fácil apreensão, correlacionando a alma com o mundo das Ideias e
o mundo sensível à “carne”, sendo esta idêntica à efemeridade e inferioridade
do mundo sensível platônico.











Nietzsche, que se oporá a
esse modelo, afirmara ser este a racionalização dos fracos e covardes que temem
a instabilidade da vida, por isso se ancoram na ilusão platônica de que existe
um mundo imutável e perfeito para onde eles podem fugir. Negam, assim, o
direito daqueles que, fortes, enfrentam dionisicamente todas as adversidades
intrínsecas da vida. Mais ainda, estes vivem, diferente daqueles, uma
existência aguerrida e tiram alegria de sua existência. 







Óbvio que o sistema
platônico, o nietzscheano e cristão são superiormente mais complexos do que a
simples consideração dualista, assim como a crítica demolidora que Nietzsche
engendra a toda metafísica, sobretudo a da Igreja. Para o filósofo alemão em
consideração o cristianismo é sim uma instituição que tem no platonismo sua
fundamentação teórica e degenerante, e tem feito triunfar os “fracos” sobre os
“fortes”, pela hegemonia do cristianismo no ocidente. Contudo, não se pretende
pelo exposto um julgamento ou classificação de superioridade de qualquer das
posições expostas.



Márcio de Carvalho Bitencourt