Furto mediante fraude e estelionato
Autor: Luís Antônio Ribeiro Junior | Publicado: 2013-10-28T16:17:00-02:00


Pessoal,
veja esta questão que caiu na preambular do MP/MG:



Fazendo-se passar por um manobrista, o
agente faz com que a própria vítima lhe entregue as chaves do carro,
oportunidade em que se retira tranquilamente do local, fugindo com o veículo.
Nesse caso, podemos afirmar que o agente praticou o delito de: 



A) furto mediante fraude

B) furto qualificado pelo abuso de confiança

C) estelionato

D) apropriação indébita

E) furto simples



Nesta
questão poderemos distinguir furto mediante fraude, estelionato e apropriação
indébita. 



Para
que ocorra apropriação indébita devem estar presentes três requisitos: a) posse
ou detenção do bem lícitas e desvigiadas, b) boa-fé ao ingressar na
posse ou detenção do bem e c) inversão do ânimo da posse, transformando-se em
intenção de se apropriar do bem. Notem que aqui não há emprego de fraude
para que o agente tenha a posse do bem. Aliás, essa posse inicial é lícita.
Como a questão diz que o agente se valeu de um meio fraudulento (pois se fez
passar por manobrista) descartamos de vez o crime de apropriação indébita. 



Uma
confusão muito grande ocorre entre o crime de furto mediante fraude e o de estelionato.
Em ambos os crimes há o uso de meio fraudulento. A diferença repousa na forma
em que essa fraude é usada. No furto com emprego de fraude o agente usa de um
meio fraudulento para diminuir a vigilância da vítima sobre o bem e, assim,
facilitar a sua subtração (que significa retirada). 



Por
sua vez, no estelionato a fraude é usada para enganar a vítima, fazendo com que
esta entregue o bem ao agente. Eis a diferença: no furto com emprego de fraude,
o meio fraudulento é usado para facilitar a retirada do bem da vítima. No
estelionato, a fraude é usada para fazer com que a vítima entregue o bem. 



Na
questão acima o agente usa fraude? Sim. Com a fraude o agente retirou o bem da
vítima ou a vítima entregou o bem ao agente? a própria vítima lhe entregue as chaves do carro. Se foi a
vítima quem entregou o bem ao agente e houve fraude para que isso ocorresse o
crime foi o de estelionato. Alternativa “C”.


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