Autor: Coelho | Publicado: 2013-07-16T12:32:00-07:00








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<!--StartFragment-->



Por que médico é
Doutor?

Um amigo meu estava
comentando o fato de médicos usarem o termo doutor sem ter doutorado achando um
absurdo e, vendo seus argumentos, notei que ele e muita gente não conhece a
origem do termo.

O termo Doutor vem do
verbo latino docēre (ensinar). No fim do estudo universitátio nas universidades
da idade média de acordo com as tradições da escolástica obtinha-se a licença
para ensinar (licentia doscendi) originalmente exclusiva da igreja. Assim,
depois da conclusão de um curso universitário o graduado se intitulava doutor e
tinha o direito de ensinar na academia. Até então a profissão de médico era
aprendida de maneira informal e os termos ἰατρός (iátros) ou medicus eram encontrados
na literatura.

No ano de 1221 quando o
imperador Frederico II, da Itália declarou que ninguém poderia se tornar médico
sem ser examinado publicamente pelos mestres de Salerno. Era um curso de 5 anos
e como de praxe na época os laureados recebiam o título de Doutor Medicinae. A
partir daí o termo de doutor começou a ser usado para designar médicos. É uma
relação histórica que data da incorporação da medicina à universidade.

Há 900 anos se usa o
termo Doutor em Medicina para o graduado em medicina. Só no século XIX que o
termo doutor começou a designar os portadores de doutorado. Os outros cursos de
saúde datam do século XIX não havendo relação histórica com o uso do Dr. como
no caso da medicina, já se adequavam à nova norma universitária.

O mesmo vale para o Direito e todos os
cursos que datam dos tempos da escolástica. Então da próxima vez que ouvirem
que doutor é quem tem doutorado, expliquem que vocês são doutores desde antes
da existência do doutorado.
































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