Cotas em universidades públicas: uma política afirmativa.
Autor: Edilson Santana G. Filho | Publicado: 2012-11-19T22:56:00-02:00

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<![endif]-->As marcas de uma sociedade racista demoram a desaparecer. Em
nosso país, e isso poucos cidadãos têm em mente, a primeira norma que tratou de
discriminação racial veio à lume no tardio ano de 1951, denominada de lei
Afonso Arinos, tipificando tal conduta como simples contravenção penal.




&nbsp;&nbsp; Exatamente
em face dessa característica indelével é que surgem as “ações afirmativas do
Estado”. Trata-se de políticas de caráter compensatório, visando reduzir os efeitos
de um passado histórico de disparidade, prevista na Convenção Internacional
para Eliminação da Discriminação, ratificada pelo Brasil em 1968.&nbsp;Inclui-se aí as cotas para afrodescendentes
em universidades. 




&nbsp;&nbsp; Como se sabe
as pessoas de pele negra durante muito tempo foram consideradas coisas (e não
seres humanos). O fim da escravidão não foi suficiente para que as mesmas
ascendessem a uma posição de igualdade material dentro do seio social, tanto
que até hoje, mais de um século após a Lei Áurea, patente é a situação de
inferioridade social que ocupam.




&nbsp;&nbsp; As cotas
acima referidas, sendo ações afirmativas, possuem por objetivo medidas que&nbsp; ensejem uma distribuição mais igualitária de
bens escassos, como são as vagas em uma universidade pública, visando à formação
de uma sociedade menos injusta. Tem-se em vista não passado, como uma justiça
compensatória, mas sim a construção de um futuro mais equitativo.




&nbsp;&nbsp; Dessa forma,
se busca, por meio de um tratamento juridicamente desigual, a igualação fática,
com a promoção de grupos ou setores historicamente desfavorecidos.




&nbsp;&nbsp; Melhor
solução, porém, seria estabelecer um número de vagas para pessoas
comprovadamente pobres, tendo em vista a existência de pessoas negras abastadas
e a dificuldade em estabelecer um critério definidor de quem é negro ou branco,
em uma nação completamente miscigenada como é a nossa.



Foto:
arquivo pessoal. Pôr do sol - São Luís - Maranhão - Brasil.