FRANQUIAS: NOÇÕES BÁSICAS (PARTE 1)
Autor: Bethania Bosi | Publicado: 2013-01-24T04:47:00-08:00

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O segmento
de franquias no Brasil vem ganhando cada vez mais espaço. Isso se deve a uma
noção, equivocada ou não, de que os negócios estruturados por franquias são
mais sólidos e rentáveis. Com base nesse entendimento, alguns empresários
preferem arriscar seu capital em franquias já consolidadas no mercado, buscando
reduzir seus riscos.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Mas será que o conceito de franchise está bem claro para os
empreendedores? Já tive a oportunidade de escutar alguns investidores
interessados em franquias apenas porque “dá menos trabalho” ou porque acreditam
que existe vínculo empregatício entre franqueador e franqueado.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; De fato, uma franquia representa um
direito ou um conjunto de direitos outorgados ao franqueado, entre os quais
estão a autorização para o uso de nome e de marca, o direito de distribuição
exclusiva ou semi-exclusiva de produtos ou serviços e, eventualmente, ao
direito de uso de tecnologia de implantação e administração de negócio ou
sistema operacional, desenvolvidos ou detidos pelo franqueador, que uma empresa
faz a outra. A outorga desses direitos pode ou não se acompanhada de prestação
de serviços e assistência permanente. 



O
franqueador, por seu turno, concede tais direitos mediante o recebimento de
certa quantia e sob determinadas condições, conservando esta última a sua
individualidade jurídica sem, contudo, manter individualização mercadológica
própria (que é do franqueador). Em outras palavras, a franquia pressupõe um
relacionamento de parceria entre duas empresas independentes, conservando cada
uma sua individualidade jurídica, assumindo cada uma todo o risco de seus
respectivos empreendimentos, responsabilizando-se por todas as despesas e de
manutenção do próprio estabelecimento.



Essa
individualização das empresas é que descaracteriza qualquer tipo de vínculo
empregatício entre franqueador e franqueado. A franquia, em
termos bem simplista, trata de um empréstimo das ferramentas de sucesso de um
negócio (marca, produto, tecnologia e etc). A relação jurídica estabelecida
entre franqueador e franqueado não é, portanto, de emprego. 



Trabalhar
essas ferramentas para criar um negócio lucrativo depende exclusivamente da
capacidade e talento de cada empresário. Claro que as chances são maiores por
conta de um know-how já testado e
aprovado em outros casos. Mas a contratação de uma franquia não é garantia
absoluta de sucesso do negócio.