Carcterísticas
Autor: Khalit Sabanur | Publicado: 2011-08-06T06:01:00-03:00


Felis silvestris catus
(Linnaeus, 1758)







Classificação Científica
Reino: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; AnimalFilo:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ChordataClasse:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; MamíferoOrdem:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Carnivora&nbsp;Família:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Felídeo Gênero:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FelinoEspécie:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F. silvestris&nbsp;Subespécie: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; F. silvestris catus



&nbsp;&nbsp; Os gatos, geralmente, pesam entre 2,5 e 7&nbsp;kg; entretanto, alguns exemplares, podem exceder os 12&nbsp;kg. Já foram registrados exemplares com peso superior a 20&nbsp;kg, devido ao excesso de alimentação. Em cativeiro, os gatos vivem tipicamente de 15 a 20 anos, porém o exemplar mais velho já registrado viveu até os 36 anos. Os gatos domésticos têm a expectativa de vida aumentada quando não saem  pelas ruas, pois isso reduz o risco de ferimentos ocasionados por  brigas e acidentes. A castração também aumenta significativamente a expectativa de vida desses animais, uma vez que reduz o interesse do animal por fugas noturnas. Os gatos possuem trinta e dois músculos nas orelhas o que lhes permite ter um tipo de audição direcional, movendo cada orelha independentemente da outra. Assim, um  gato pode mover o corpo numa direção, enquanto move as orelhas para  outro lado. A maioria dos gatos possui pavilhões auditivos orientados para cima.&nbsp;O método de conservação de energia dos gatos compreende dormir acima da média da maioria dos animais, sobretudo à medida que  envelhecem. A duração do período de sono varia entre 12/16 horas, sendo  de 13/14 horas o valor médio. Alguns espécimes, contudo, podem chegar a  dormir 20 horas num período de 24 horas.  <!--[if gte mso 9]>        <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]>     Normal   0         21         false   false   false      PT-BR   X-NONE   X-NONE                                                                                             <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]>  <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>   <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
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   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>   <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
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 <![endif]-->  &nbsp;&nbsp; A temperatura normal do corpo desses animais varia entre 38 e 39&nbsp;°C. O animal é considerado febril quando tem a temperatura superior a 39,5&nbsp;°C, e hipotérmico quando está abaixo de 37,5&nbsp;°C. Comparativamente, os seres humanos têm temperatura normal em torno de 37&nbsp;°C. A pulsação do coração desses pequenos mamíferos vai de 140 a 220 batidas por minuto e depende muito do estado de excitação do animal. Em repouso, a média da frequência cardíaca fica entre 150 e 180 bpm.




Fonte:&nbsp; - Enciclopédia Britannica&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; - National Geographic