SOCIOLOGIA FUNCIONALISTA E A EDUCAÇÃO
Autor: Jorge Marcos | Publicado: 2011-09-18T07:25:00-07:00

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 <![endif]-->  O Funcionalismo é uma teoria sociológica que procura explicar fenômenos sociais realizando o papel das instituições na sociedade. Se uma determinada mudança social promove um equilíbrio harmonioso, é considerado funcional. Ou seja, este ramo da sociologia tem o intuito de explicar as relações existentes entre os elementos que se relacionam uns com os outros na sociedade promovendo alterações ou não nela. Se este elemento social permitir a continuação da estrutura da sociedade ele é chamado de funcional. No entanto, se este elemento promover o oposto a essa harmonia e continuação do sistema da sociedade, então é disfuncional e não tem nenhum efeito se não é funcional.Emile Durkheim foi o principal representante do funcionalismo.  Segundo Torres, a educação possui quatro funções, que são: função acadêmica, função distributiva, função econômica e função política. A função acadêmica possui três aspectos principais que são de propiciar aos alunos modelos de comportamentos que os socializem, reproduzir a cultura da geração antiga às novas gerações, e, desenvolver nos alunos habilidades cognitivas. A função distributiva é aquela em que a escola tem o objetivo de possibilitar mecanismos de desenvolvimento aos alunos criando status sócio-econômico e status educativo. A função econômica é a de capacitar os alunos para o mercado de trabalho de uma forma que eles se preparem para enfrentar as dificuldades dessa realidade que enfrentarão, e também possibilita um avanço na produtividade de seu trabalho. Já a função política, instiga capacidades de: convivência social dentro da própria sala de aula que serão utilizados também na vida extra-sala-de-aula, democracia e produz elites na sociedade que serão capazes de conduzir o rumo da própria nação.
REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
Torres, Carlos Alberto. Sociologia política da educação. São Paulo: Cortez, 1993.http://psicopsi.com/pt/teoria-sociologica-funcionalismo-durkheim/http://www.recantodasletras.com.br/trabalhosacademicos/1279538