PROBLEMAS COM PÉ E PERNAS
Autor: Alex Sandro Machado | Publicado: 2011-07-05T04:15:00-07:00

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Revista AOMAR 2004     
&nbsp;Um dos problemas rotineiros observados em criações de passeriformes é lesão nas patas e nos pés. Como sinais clínicos destas lesões, dependendo do agente causador, podemos observar claudicações, manifestações de dor, coloração avermelhada em articulação, prurido, inchaços das articulações descamações da pele e até sangramento. Para se chegar a um diagnóstico do problema é preciso uma avaliação conjunta dos seguintes fatores: observação atenta da gaiola onde a ave se encontra alojada, a qualidade do alimento fornecido e exame clínico completo da(s) ave(s), analisando além dos órgãos afetados, outros sistemas, para se verificar se o quadro é localizado ou sistêmico. 
Diversas são as causas, infecciosas, distúrbio metabólicos, traumáticos, deficiências nutricionais, alterações comportamentais, neoplasias, ação por agentes físicos. Iremos discorrer brevemente sobre os mais comuns, que são: agentes infecciosos (bacterianos, fúngicos, virais ou parasitários), traumatismos, deficiências nutricionais, distúrbios metabólicos.   1)Origem traumática – Pode ocorrer por traumas nos poleiros, com fissuras na pele do coxim plantar seguida de infecção bacteriana secundária. A presença de ave agressiva dentro de uma gaiola junto com outra ave, ocasionando traumatismo desta última. Automutilação por stress. Colocação de anilhas fora do padrão com constrição da perna e conseqüente necrose tecidual chegando à perda do pé. Fraturas também podem ocorrer.   2)Origem metabólica – A gota articular geralmente acomete as articulações dos coxins plantares (dedos) e tíbiotarso-metatarseana. Provocada pela deposição de ácido úrico nestes pontos. Comuns em dietas ricas em proteínas.   3)Origem infecciosa – Quadros de pododermatites 
A ) Bactérias – agente como Staphylococcus aureus, agente mais freqüente, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, geralmente associados a processos primários. Diagnosticados com base em cultura, biópsia e citologia. 
B ) Fungos – Aspergillus, Dermatophyto. Podem atuar como agentes primários ou serem secundários a processos imunodepressivos. Podem estar associados à infecção bacteriana. 
C ) Virais – Provirus (Bouba aviária), Herpes virus, Papilomatode. Diagnóstico mais difícil pela natureza do agente e o tipo de material a ser coletado. 
D ) Agentes parasitários – Knemidocoptes sp. Geralmente provocam quadros de prurido intenso nos pássaros e descamação de tecido.   4)Deficiências nutricionais – deficiências de zinco, manganês, vitamina A, ácido fólico, biotina que podem ser cause de lesões na pele. Alimentação desbalanceada em termos de cálcio e fósforo, que podem dar causa à fraturas. 
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