Gestão de Projetos
Autor: Leonardo Jacobina | Publicado: 2011-11-23T12:32:00-08:00

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A gerência de projetos pode ser aplicada como disciplina de manter os riscos de fracasso em um nível tão baixo quanto necessário durante o ciclo de vida do projeto, potenciando, ao mesmo tempo, as oportunidades de ocorrência de eventos favoráveis do projeto. O risco de fracasso, decorrente da ocorrência de ameaças, aumenta de acordo com a presença de incerteza do evento, e da sua probabilidade de ocorrência, durante todos os estágios do projeto. A variação da probabilidade de ocorrência dos riscos (sob a forma de ameaças ou oportunidades) diminui ao longo do ciclo de vida do projeto, aumentando o impacto da possível ocorrência do mesmo, na razão inversa, sem que seja, necessariamente, na mesma proporção. A relação entre estas duas variáveis é designada, na gestão dos riscos do projeto, como valor esperado, e consiste numa medida de avaliação da importância e influência do risco, para alcançar o objetivo do projeto em causa.Um ponto-de-vista alternativo diz que gerenciamento de projetos é a disciplina de definir e alcançar objetivos ao mesmo tempo em que se aperfeiçoa o uso de recursos (tempo, dinheiro, pessoas, espaço, etc.)A gerência de projetos é frequentemente a responsabilidade de um indivíduo intitulado gerente de projeto. Idealmente, esse indivíduo raramente participa diretamente nas atividades que produzem o resultado final. Ao invés disso, o gerente de projeto trabalha para manter o progresso e a interação mútua progressiva dos diversos participantes do empreendimento, de modo a reduzir o risco de fracasso do projeto, podendo arcar com qualquer ônus.