Catastrofe no Japão
Autor: Blog patricinhas rebeldes | Publicado: 2011-03-25T09:23:00-07:00

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O que está acontecendo no Japão é chocante. Uma sucessão de desastres ambientais que ninguém imaginava que fosse acontecer num país tão avançado tecnologicamente. A cada dia as notícias pioram e, depois do Tsunami – que sozinha já provocou uma destruição terrível, segue o risco de contaminação radioativa.
O clima de pânico dos japoneses é compreensível. Eles têm em sua história duas experiências desagradáveis com a energia nuclear: as bombas de Hiroshima e Nagasaki. Os japoneses conhecem as consequências de uma contaminação radioativa e as dificuldades para superá-la. E o maior obstáculo, neste caso, é o tempo. A desintegração desse material leva anos, dependendo da contaminação, pode levar centena de anos. Quer um exemplo: ao redor da usina Chernobyl não há vida. Nem uma planta. E o reator continua a emitir radiação. Isso depois de 25 anos. Por conta disso, a cidade está abandonada.
Há quem considere a catástrofe iminente. A Comissão Europeia de Energia afirma que “está tudo fora de controle”. Afinal, já são quatro reatores com problema, um ao lado do outro. Imagina ter que isolar uma área inteira por contaminação. Um país que já sofre com super população e problemas econômicos perder uma cidade e mais quatro fontes de energia!
É lamentável tudo isto estar acontecendo no Japão. Isto porque os japoneses são muito atentos à conservação do meio ambiente. Culturalmente, eles têm uma preocupação com o próximo e com o legado para as futuras gerações. Isso faz do Japão um dos líderes mundiais no desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias amigas do ambiente. O país possui as práticas mais avançadas no controle da poluição do ar, da água, dos resíduos sólidos e dos produtos químicos. Não por acaso, eles sediaram o debate sobre mudanças climáticas que deu origem ao&nbsp;Protocolo de Kyoto. Até o Brasil eles tentaram ajudar emprestando dinheiro para a recuperação da Baía de Guanabara na década de 90! E já fizeram isso em vários países.
Diante dessa situação, só podemos torcer para que o problema não piore e seja contido.

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 <![endif]-->  Sismo e tsunami de Sendai de 2011 foi um sismo de magnitude de 9,0 MW com epicentro ao largo da costa do Japão ocorrido às 05:46 UTC (14:46 no horário local) de 11 de março de 2011. O epicentro foi a 130 quilômetros da costa leste da Península de Oshika, na região de Tōhoku, com o hipocentro situado a uma profundidade de 24,4 quilômetros. O sismo atingiu o grau 7 — a magnitude máxima da escala de intensidade sísmica da Agência Meteorológica do Japão — ao norte da Prefeitura de Miyagi, grau 6 em outras prefeituras e 5 em Tóquio.
O sismo provocou alertas de tsunami e evacuações na linha costeira japonesa do Pacífico e em pelo menos 20 países, incluindo toda a costa do Pacífico da América do Norte e América do Sul. Provocou também ondas de tsunami de mais de 10 m de altura, que atingiram o Japão e diversos outros países. No Japão, as ondas percorreram mais de 10 km de terra. 
2414 mortes foram confirmadas, e pelo menos 10&nbsp;000 pessoas foram declaradas desaparecidas em seis prefeituras. O sismo causou danos substanciais no Japão, incluindo a destruição de rodovias e linhas ferroviárias, assim como incêndios em várias regiões, e o rompimento de uma barragem. Aproximadamente 4,4 milhões de habitantes no nordeste do Japão ficaram sem energia elétrica, e 1,4 milhão sem água. &nbsp;Muitos geradores deixaram de funcionar e pelo menos dois reatores nucleares foram danificados, o que levou à evacuação imediata das regiões atingidas enquanto um estado de emergência era estabelecido. A Central Nuclear de Fukushima I sofreu uma explosão aproximadamente 24 horas depois do primeiro sismo, e apesar do colapso da contenção de concreto da construção, a integridade do núcleo interno não teria sido comprometida. 
Estima-se que a magnitude do sismo de Sendai faça deste o maior sismo a atingir o Japão e um dos cinco maiores do mundo desde que os registros modernos começaram a ser compilados.