Inglês Instrumental aula 3
Autor: Inglês com a Mari Inês!!! | Publicado: 2013-08-13T16:58:00-04:00

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Aula 3

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 



 

  
Compreendendo e
  utilizando skimming

 

  
Apresentação

 

  
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Vimos que usamos estratégias de
  leitura&nbsp;cada vez&nbsp;que nos deparamos com um texto, 
  nesta aula, vamos trabalhar com mais uma estratégia (ou técnica) de leitura,
  chamada Skimming.

 

  


 


Skimming



“Skim” em inglês é deslizar à superfície, desnatar (daí skimmed milk =
leite desnatado), passar os olhos por. A técnica de “skimming” nos leva a ler
um texto superficialmente. Utilizar esta técnica significa que não precisamos
ler cada sentença, mas sim passarmos os olhos por sobre o texto, lendo algumas
frases aqui e ali, procurando reconhecer certas palavras e expressões que
sirvam como ‘dicas’ na obtenção de informações sobre o texto. Às vezes não é
necessário ler o texto em detalhes. Para usar esta técnica, precisamos nos
valer dos nossos conhecimentos de

Inglês também.



Observe este trecho:



“Using this integrated
approach, the educator’s task is to carefully select among the technological
options. The goal is to build a mix of instructional media,meeting the needs of
the learner in a manner that is instructionally effective and economically
prudent.”

From: Engineering Outreach

College of Engineering –
University of Idaho





Selecionando
algumas expressões teremos:



· integrated approach = abordagem
(approach = abordagem, enfoque) integrada

· educator’s task = tarefa (task = tarefa) do
educador – ‘s significa posse = do

· tecnological options = opções tecnológicas
(tecnological é adjetivo)

· goal = objetivo

· a mix instrucional media = uma mistura de mídia
instrucional.



Com a
técnica do “skimming” podemos dizer que este trecho afirma que a tarefa do educador
é selecionar as opções tecnológicas; o objetivo é ter uma mistura de mídias
instrucionais de uma maneira instrucionalmente efetiva e economicamente prudente.














Leia o texto a seguir e responda ao que se pede.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What Is a Computer?



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (I) Nowadays, in most modern
societies, almost everybody has an idea about what a computer is. We depend on
computers in every aspect of our lives whether we know how to use one or not.
But does everyone really know how a computer works inside?

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (II) A computer is an electronic
machine which processes data and provides the results of the processing as
information. There are three basic steps in the computing process. The first
one is input, which consists of feeding data into the computer’s memory. Then
comes the processing: the program is run and the computer processes the data by
performing a set of instruction. The third and final step is the output
furnished by the computer, which allows the user to see the results either in
printed form or on the screen.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (III) The world of computers has
created a specific language of its own. English words such as software and
hardware are used worldwide and have been borrowed by many different languages.
Software is information in the form of data and programs, and hardware refers
to the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

(IV) Despite the constant presence of
computers in most societies, it is a great mistake to believe that everybody in
the world is computer-literate, i.e., is familiar with computers and knows how
to use them properly. In some contemporary societies, many people still have no
idea about the existence of computers, and even in the so-called developed
countries, there are lots of people who do not know or do not care about what a
computer is.



&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Fonte: Cruz, Silva e Rosas (2006).









&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1. Utilizando a técnica skimming,
identifique no texto” What Is a Computer?”a ideia principal de cada parágrafo.
Escreva os números dos parágrafos ao lado de cada ideia.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; No universo dos computadores,
existem termos da língua inglesa que são usados em diversas partes do mundo.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A presença do computador na maioria
das sociedades modernas.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Em algumas sociedades
contemporâneas, ainda há pessoas que não sabem o que é um computador.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Descrição das três etapas básicas do
processo de computação.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2. Relacione a primeira coluna com a
segunda, escrevendo os números correspondentes às definições dos termos.

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Input&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1. Programs.

b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Processing&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2. Electronic and mechanical parts of a
computer.

c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Output&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3. Data fed into the computer’s
memory.

d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Software&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; 4. The results shown on the screen or
in printed form.

e)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hardware&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5. Series of actions that a computer
performs to arrive result.



 

  
Dicas

 

  
Não leia o texto inteiro, palavra por
  palavra. Use todas as pistas que possam lhe dar algum tipo de informação. O
  texto pode conter fotos ou imagens relacionadas ao tema, ou um título que
  chame a sua atenção. Deixe seus olhos passarem pelo texto e, enquanto pensa
  nas pistas que encontrou sobre o assunto, fique atento às palavras-chave.

 




Scanning



“Scan” em Inglês quer dizer examinar, sondar, explorar. O que faz um
scanner? Uma varredura, não é?! Logo, com a técnica de “scanning” você irá
fazer uma varredura do texto, procurando detalhes e idéias objetivas. Aqui é
importante que você utilize os conhecimentos de Inglês; por isso, nós vamos ver
detalhadamente alguns itens gramaticais.



Observe este trecho:



“Teaching and learning at a distance is
demanding. However, learning will be more meaningful and “deeper” for distant
students, if students and their instructor share responsibility for
developing learning goals: actively interacting with class members; promoting
reflection on experience; relating new information to examples that make sense
to learners. This is the challenge and the opportunity provided by distance
education.”









Poderíamos
perguntar qual o referente do pronome “their” em negrito no trecho?



Utilizando a técnica de scanning, seria necessário retornar ao texto e entender
a sentença na qual o pronome está sendo empregado. “Their“ é um pronome
possessivo (e como tal, sempre vem acompanhado de um substantivo) da terceira
pessoa do plural (o seu referente é um substantivo no plural). A tradução de “their
instructor” seria seu instrutor . Seu de quem? Lendo um pouco para trás,
vemos que há “students”; logo concluímos que “their” refere-se a “students, ou
seja, instrutor dos alunos”.


&nbsp;





“Scanning”



Trata-se
de uma técnica de leitura que ajuda o leitor a percorrer o texto em busca de
uma informação específica. Por exemplo, se você está lendo a biografia de uma
pessoa e deseja saber onde ela nasceu você buscará, no texto, o nome de uma
cidade. Scanning vem da palavra scan, que significa esquadrinhar, examinar
ponto a ponto. Essa é, aliás, uma palavra conhecida nossa, pois remete ao
conhecido equipamento, responsável por “escanear” documentos – o scanner. Ao
escanearmos um texto, percorremos todas as suas palavras, rapidamente, com o
objetivo de encontrar uma determinada informação.

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Fonte:&nbsp; http://www.bbc.co.uk/apps/ifl/skillswise/mod_quizzes/words/reading/techniques/skimming/1/quizengine?quiz=simplequiz1;templateStyle=simplequiz&gt;.
Acesso em: 16 dez. 2009.