Águas transfronteiriças
Autor: Alberto Pelliccione Filho | Publicado: 2014-05-16T09:08:00-03:00


Segue abaixo o esquema/resumo da aula sobre Águas Transfronteiriças







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"As águas não possuem fronteiras"






A água é um tema de grande relevância nos dias de
hoje.






As discussões públicas nos dias de hoje tem como foco:






·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Água - um bem em escassez






·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Possíveis conflitos armados






Deve-se entender a água como um bem público com
benefícios compartilhados.






Existem regiões onde os rios, mares e lagos fazem
fronteiras entre os países, e são chamadas de águas transfronteiriças. Essas
águas precisam de acordos, senão podem gerar tensões diplomáticas e militares.






As águas que dividem países são águas compartilhadas.
Qualquer obra de engenharia, por exemplo, que ultrapassa as fronteiras, precisa
de acordos de cooperação entre os países envolvidos.






Exemplo: a usina de Itaipú no rio Paraná entre a
fronteira do Brasil com o Paraguai.














Uma situação: se um país polui as águas, e elas passam
em seguida por outro país, tem por obrigação comprometer-se com a qualidade da
mesma e o consequente tratamento. Caso contrário, o país afetado pode requerer
indenização (compensações) etc.






A medida que a água potável vai ficando
escassa, pode haver uma competição entre os países levando ate mesmo a
conflitos armados pelo controle da água.

Na imagem abaixo podemos ver que as águas da região da Bacia do Rio Paraná ultrapassa as fronteiras brasileiras e engloba regiões do Paraguai, além de estar bem próxima da fronteira com a Argentina.



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