Quando começa a aprendizagem?
Autor: Prof. Monica | Publicado: 2011-06-15T17:44:00-07:00

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A partir de que idade devemos começar a ensinar nossas crianças?
A educação escolar deve começar bem antes dos 6 anos de idade, que é quando a nossa legislação torna obrigatória a freqüência da criança na escola. A Educação Infantil é uma fase essencial da aprendizagem. Já nessa fase a criança deve entrar em contato com o conhecimento. As creches ou escolas de Educação Infantil não devem ser simplesmente “depósitos de crianças”.  A escola é o lugar onde acontece a transmissão de conhecimento e as escolas de Educação Infantil não devem fugir desse papel. O professor de Educação Infantil deve conhecer as fases de desenvolvimento da faixa etária com a qual trabalha e estimular ao máximo seus alunos para que construam seus conhecimentos.  Jean Piaget nos fala que desde o nascimento até o 18º mês de vida, a criança busca adquirir controle motor e aprender sobre os objetos físicos que a rodeiam. Esse estágio se chama sensório-motor, pois o bebê adquire o conhecimento por meio de suas próprias ações que são controladas por informações sensoriais imediatas.  Quando lemos histórias para crianças de 1 ano, por exemplo, já a estamos alfabetizando. No estágio pré-operatório, que dura do 18º mês aos 8 anos de vida, a criança busca adquirir a habilidade verbal. Nesse estágio, ela já consegue nomear objetos e raciocinar intuitivamente.  Filhos de pais analfabetos têm mais dificuldade de se alfabetizar do que crianças que vivem em ambientes que estimulam a leitura e a escrita.As fases de desenvolvimento determinam como a aprendizagem deve ser trabalhada. Em especial, na Educação Infantil, as brincadeiras devem prevalecer. É através desses jogos educativos que a aprendizagem deve ocorrer.  Devemos estimular ao máximo nossas crianças com atividades lúdicas que proporcionem a construção de diversas áreas do conhecimento. Quanto mais estimulada for a nossa criança, mais estimulação cerebral ela formará. E quanto mais nova for a criança mais facilidade ela terá em ser estimulada, quanto mais velha for a criança mais lentamente serão criadas essas conexões neurológicas. Um adulto cria conexões neurológicas mais lentamente que as crianças.  Devemos, porém, ter muito cuidado para não sobrecarregar nossas crianças com atividades, gerando, ao invés da aprendizagem, um grande estresse, rompendo dessa forma, o elo com a aprendizagem.