Dor no doente com câncer
Autor: Regina (Rê) Fernandes | Publicado: 2016-04-10T16:16:00-07:00


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A dor é
um sintoma frequente no câncer. É talvez o sintoma mais temido da doença
neoplásica. Existe o conceito popular de que a dor no câncer é terrível e
incontrolável. Embora este temor tenha fundamento, é possível reduzir a dor,
significativamente, com avaliação e tratamentos adequados. Os sintomas de dor
somam-se às incapacidades primariamente relacionadas à neoplasia e seu
tratamento e podem ser causa de insônia, anorexia, confinamento ao leito, perda
do convívio social, redução das atividades profissionais e de lazer. A dor é
vista como inútil e desumanizante e acarreta grande estresse e sofrimento aos
doentes e aos que os rodeiam. Este quadro, frequentemente, resulta em
perspectivas emocionais, sociais e econômicas desfavoráveis ao doente e seus
familiares.&nbsp;



A dor
relacionada ao câncer acomete cerca de 50% dos doentes em todos os estágios da
doença e em torno de 70% dos indivíduos com doença avançada.&nbsp;



A
experiência dolorosa resulta da interpretação do aspecto físico-químico do
estímulo nocivo e da interação deste com as características individuais como o
humor, o significado simbólico atribuído ao fenômeno sensitivo e os aspectos
culturais e afetivos dos indivíduos.



A dor do
câncer pode ser devida ao tumor primário ou suas metástases, à terapia
anticancerosa e aos métodos de investigação; em alguns pacientes pode, também,
não estar relacionada à neoplasia. O sofrimento dos doentes é produto da
interação da percepção aversiva (dor) com a incapacidade física, isolamento
social e familiar, preocupações financeiras e medo da mutilação e da morte.
Como um fenômeno individual e subjetivo, envolvendo aspectos diversos e
complexos, a dor no câncer deve ser avaliada e tratada em seus vários
componentes.&nbsp;



&nbsp;

www.mundosemdor.com.br



O relato
da experiência dolorosa pelo doente aos profissionais da saúde que o atendem é
fundamental para a compreensão do quadro de dor, implementação de medidas
analgésicas e avaliação da eficácia terapêutica.



O doente
é autoridade sobre a sua dor, visto o caráter individual e subjetivo da
experiência dolorosa, que só pode ser aquilatada a partir do relato de quem a
sente.&nbsp;



Referência:

Pimenta
CAM, Koizumi MS, Teixeira MJ. Dor no doente com câncer: características e
controle. Disponível em http://www.inca.gov.br/rbc/n_43/v01/artigo2_completo.html