Energia Nuclear
Autor: Rafael Ruviaro. | Publicado: 2011-11-28T09:53:00-08:00

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A energia nuclear, também chamada atômica, é obtida a partir da fissão do núcleo do átomo de urânio enriquecido, liberando uma grande quantidade de energia. A energia nuclear mantém unidas as partículas do núcleo de um átomo. A divisão desse núcleo em duas partes provoca a liberação de grande quantidade de energia.Essa fonte energética é responsável por muita polêmica e desconfiança: a falta de segurança, a destinação do lixo atômico, além da possibilidade de acontecerem acidentes nas usinas, geram a reprovação da utilização da energia nuclear.
Aspectos positivos da energia nuclear:

- As reservas de energia nuclear são muito maiores que as reservas de combustíveis fósseis;
- Comparada às usinas de combustíveis fósseis, a usina nuclear requer menores áreas;
- As usinas nucleares possibilitam maior independência energética para os países importadores de petróleo e gás;
- Não contribui para o efeito estufa.

Aspectos negativos:

- Os custos de construção e operação das usinas são muito altos;
- Possibilidade de construção de armas nucleares;
- Destinação do lixo atômico;
- Acidentes que resultam em liberação de material radioativo;
Efeitos das radiaçõesNos seres vivos os efeitos causados pela exposição a radioactividade manifestam-se a dois níveis:. Nível somático, cuja expressão máxima é a morte.. Nível genético, que é responsável pelo aumento de mutações, podendo assim originar aberrações genéticas nas gerações posteriores.


Fontes: http://www.notapositiva.com/trab_estudantes/trab_estudantes/geografia/10energianuclear.htmhttp://www.brasilescola.com/geografia/energia-nuclear.htm