Itaquaquecetuba pelo Telefone
Autor: Cláudio Sousa | Publicado: 2015-01-13T16:07:00-02:00

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A criação de um aparelho que
permitisse a transmissão da voz humana envolveu um grande número de inventores
em diversos países. Destas invenções surgiram o rádio e o telefone. 




Em 1876, o Imperador D. Pedro II
experimentou o telefone aperfeiçoado por Alexander Graham Bell, apresentado na
Exposição Universal de 1876, da Filadélfia (EUA). Pedro II tinha interesse no
encontro com Graham Bell que era professor de crianças surdas-mudas. 




Entre os inventores estão o padre
Roberto Landell de Moura, que em 1893 transmitiu sinais e sons musicais a uma
distância de oito quilômetros, entre a Avenida Paulista e o alto de Santana, na
cidade de São Paulo, num sistema de telefonia sem fios. Landell de Moura foi
pároco em Mogi das Cruzes entre fevereiro de 1906 e abril de 1907.




A primeira referência ao sistema
de telefonia em Itaquaquecetuba foi publicada no jornal “O Estado de São Paulo”,
em 1909: “A companhia telephonica
Pindamonhangabense, brevemente, porá as cidade de Santa Izabel, Mogy das Cruzes
e as localidade de Conceição dos Guarulhos, Bom Sucesso, Arujá, Itaquaquecetuba
e estação de Poá em comunicação com a capital.”,
há uma imprecisão na nota, o correto é Companhia Telephonica Bragantina. Mas o fato não se concretizou.&nbsp;

O “Correio Paulistano” de 22 de
fevereiro de 1913 informa que a Companhia Telephonica Bragantina havia alugado
um prédio em Mogi das Cruzes para a instalação da estação telefônica: “Dentro de alguns dias estaremos dotados de
mais esse importante melhoramento”. 




Em 6 de maio de 1913, o Estadão
publica nas notas de Itaquaquecetuba que “Espera-se
com acrysolado interesse a ligação telephonica desta povoação a Mogy das
Cruzes, sede do município”. Todas as evidências indicam o ano de 1913, para
a instalação do sistema de telefonia em Itaquaquecetuba e no Alto Tietê.










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Central Telefônica ou Mesa
Operadora&nbsp;

na qual trabalhou a telefonista

Dolores Cristina até 1974,&nbsp;

atendendo
14 assinantes.&nbsp;

Museu Municipal de Itaquaquecetuba
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Durante 52 anos Dolores Cristina
foi a telefonista de Itaquaquecetuba. Nascida em 5 de outubro de 1901, seus
pais foram Pedro Rodrigues e Christina Maria de Jesus. Assumiu o posto em 1922,
no lugar de Marcelino Eugênio de Lima. Até 1960 só havia uma linha telefônica
ligada num aparelho Kellogg. De 1960 a 1974, a central telefônica ou mesa
operadora contava com 14 drops (chapinhas), para 14 ligações,
do sistema magneto (movido a manivela), atendia 14 assinantes. 




&nbsp;“Itaquaquecetuba, o passado do telefone” foi o
título da reportagem do Estadão. Com trinta mil habitantes, a cidade contava
com 14 aparelhos telefônicos à manivela. O novo sistema de telefonia entrou em
funcionamento à 11 horas do dia 8 de setembro de 1974, nesta data a CTBC
(Companhia Telefônica Borda do Campo, subsidiária da TELESP) inaugurou 400
telefones automáticos. Com o Plano de Expansão 75-76, foram instalados 1200
telefones durante o ano de 1976, contando o município com 1600 terminais no
final daquele ano. 




A partir de 1972 a Telesp iniciou
a instalação de telefones públicos pelas cidades, os chamados “Orelhões”. Em
1981, não havia telefone público nos bairros de Itaquaquecetuba. Numa
fotografia do mesmo ano, diz a legenda: “Jovens
estudantes em um entre centenas de orelhões no estado - Itaquaquecetuba, São
Paulo, 1981”, o orelhão da foto está na entrada da central telefônica. 




Em 1975 a prefeitura doou à
TELESP (Telecomunicações do Estado de São Paulo) para a construção da Estação
Telefônica Automática (Lei 601/75), uma área de 2.902,54m² localizada na
esquina entre as avenidas Ítalo Adami e Uberaba, próximo da estação de trem. 




Em 1998 o Sistema Telebrás foi
privatizado, na maior onda de saque ao patrimônio estatal. Na composição do
patrimônio das empresas estatais privatizadas estão os chamados “bens
reversíveis”, que devem ser entregues ao Estado, pelas concessionárias de
serviço público, findo o prazo de concessão. De acordo com o artigo 2º da Lei
601/75: “O imóvel doado reverterá ao
patrimônio Municipal, se por qualquer motivo não forem cumpridas as
formalidades da doação”. O prédio não tem mais o uso a que se destinou,
devendo a municipalidade reavê-lo antes que seja alienado pela companhia
espanhola Telefônica S. A.

Cláudio Sousa 


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