CONTO DE FADAS: SEU PAPEL NA FORMAÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE  DA CRIANÇA
Autor: Joice Pacheco Ambrósio  PSICÓLOGA | Publicado: 2011-10-11T11:52:00-07:00

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Amanhã é dia
das crianças como todos sabem e achei interessante pensar um pouquinho a
respeito delas hoje. Nesta última semana surgiu no Facebook uma polêmica
campanha para mudar nossas fotos de perfil por desenhos animados que tivessem nos
marcado na infância, para que se refletisse com isso a respeito da violência
infantil. Embora tenha recebido muitos adeptos, o movimento não teve grandes
avanços nesse sentido...As pessoas possivelmente trocaram suas fotos em sinal
de “apoio” a campanha, mas nada se discutiu sobre o assunto. 

Mas a grande
questão que quero chegar, não se refere a violência infantil, mas sim que todo
esse movimento de trocar de fotos mostrou um pouco sobre as identificações de
cada um com seus personagens na infância; desenhos, filmes, seriados que
marcaram suas vidas...e isso a principio parece meio bobo, mas não é! O conto
de fadas é uma grande ferramenta de desenvolvimento das crianças.







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Hoje em dia,
talvez as crianças estejam muito mais parecidas com a Boo de Monstros S.A., a
qual não se assustava, mas sim se divertia com os monstros!...rs... Afinal elas
já nascem com um número de informações e estímulos muito maior do que era
antigamente. Assim, amadurecem mais rápido, aprendem mais rápido...tudo
acontece mais rápido. 

Enfim, o
mundo mudou e as crianças também mudaram, porém, as relações discutidas nos
contos de fadas, continuam muito atuais. Eles tratam de abandono, traição,
frustração, separação, morte e até mesmo violência! Todos temas muito
contemporâneos.

E é a partir
do contato das crianças com os contos de fadas, com o mundo imaginário, que elas
começarão aprender a lidar com estes seus sentimentos.

Ao assistir
um desenho, um filme infantil, a criança poderá sair um pouco da realidade e
viver aquele mundo de fantasia, onde pode ser forte, lutar contra seus
monstros, mas onde também pode sentir medo, abandono, separações... Enfim, cada
um vai se identificar com um ou outro personagem, com o monstro ou com o
príncipe, dependendo de sua realidade, de seus medos, de seus conflitos naquele
momento. Isto é, a criança terá seu sentimento representado no personagem com o
qual mais se identifica, de acordo com o momento e conflito que estiver vivendo.
&nbsp;

E isso
facilita o desenvolvimento do seu eu, pois ao liberar sua imaginação a partir
do desenho, a criança se permite entrar em contato com seus conflitos e tentar
resolvê-los.&nbsp; A princípio de uma maneira
mais segura, isto é, distante, no mundo do imaginário, da fantasia, e aos
poucos podendo transpor isso para sua vida real e seus sentimentos de alegrias,
tristezas, angústias... Aprendendo a lidar com seus medos, a lutar contra seus
monstros internos, a ter tolerância diante das frustrações do dia a dia, quando
nem sempre o final é feliz como se esperava. 

Ou seja, é
através da imaginação que a criança perceberá seus sentimentos ilustrados, por
mais absurdos que possam parecer para eles, como raiva e ódio dos pais (o que é
natural, mas muito conflituoso), diante das experiências vividas pelos
personagens. E a criança aprende com isso a crescer, elaborar e construir sua
identidade!

Claro que
tudo isso não acontece magicamente, o desenho é apenas um dos estímulos, um
facilitador deste processo e a imaginação é apenas uma nuance deste, a formação
de uma criança é muito mais ampla. Entretanto, os filmes (contos, desenhos)
podem ajudar muito no sentido de abrir um caminho para discussão de
sentimentos, de medos, de conflitos familiares; podem facilitar, como já dito,
a criança a entrar em contato com seus “fantasmas emocionais”; mas tudo isso
precisa ser amparado pelos pais, pelas pessoas que estão próximas a esta
criança, para que façam uso desse instrumento de uma maneira saudável,
colaborando para a construção da identidade/personalidade dessa criança!

&nbsp;A participação dos pais e educadores é
fundamental, afinal as crianças precisam de apoio para se sentir seguras,
precisam de limites, diálogo e auxílio para separar o real do imaginário e o
mais importante, precisam do vínculo com seus pais para que se desenvolva de
uma maneira saudável.



Joice Pacheco Ambrósio

Psicóloga

CRP: 06/90252