Processo Civil - Embargos de Declaração
Autor: Marco Antonio | Publicado: 2012-06-26T22:18:00-03:00

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Embargo de declaração é o recurso
destinado a sanar obscuridade, omissão ou contradição no julgado. É cabível à
qualquer decisão judicial, independente de ter sido protelada por juiz de
primeiro grau ou tribunal superior.

O pressuposto de admissibilidade desse
recurso é justamente a existência de obscuridade, omissão ou contradição do
julgado. Sanado o problema, o teor do decisório será mantido, uma vez que os
embargos de declaração não visam reformar o acordão ou a sentença.

O prazo para interposição desse recurso
é de cinco dias, sendo a petição endereçada ao juiz ou relator e indicará o
ponto obscuro, contraditório ou omisso. Independe de preparo.

Sem audiência da parte contrária, já que
não se destinando a alterar o teor da decisão, não ameaça o contraditório e a
ampla defesa, o juiz ou relator decidirá em cinco dias. Há casos excepcionais,
entretanto, que o embargo leva à nova decisão da causa, casos em que se deve
garantir o contraditório.

Os embargos declaratórios possuem efeito
interruptivo quanto aos prazos dos demais recursos. Assim, julgados os
embargos, recomeça-se a contagem por inteiro do prazo para interposição do
outro recurso cabível contra a decisão embargada. O prazo é interrompido a
partir da data da interposição do embargo, e recomeça após a intimação de sua
decisão. Vale ressaltar que a doutrina também atribui efeito suspensivo aos
embargos de declaração. &nbsp;

Por fim, quando os embargos se mostrarem
manifestamente protelatórios, o tribunal, reconhecendo a ilicitude da conduta,
condenará o embargante a pagar multa ao embargado, que não poderá exceder a 1%
do valor da causa. No caso de reiteração dos embargos protelatórios, a multa
será elevada a até 10%, ficando o embargante sujeito ao depósito do valor caso
deseje interpor qualquer outro recurso.

A aplicação dessa penalidade deve ser
feita ex officio pelo tribunal. Havendo omissão quanto à penalidade, o
embargado poderá lançar mão de embargos declaratórios para compelir o tribunal
a suprir a falta.

Referências



Theodoro Júnior, Humberto.
Curso de Direito Processual Civil –
Teoria geral do direito processual civil e processo de conhecimento:
Humberto Theodoro Júnior – 56ª edição. Rio de Janeiro: Forense, 2010.