Agrarian Policy of the Communist
Autor: Sebastião Matias de Carvalho Neto | Publicado: 2012-10-12T12:51:00-03:00

Agrarian Policy of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union, =

a scientifically
substantiated policy aimed at
strengthening the alliance of the working class and
the peasantry, dynamic and efficient
development of agricultural production, better
socio-economic relations in the countryside,
and, using all this as the basis,
enhancing the welfare of the Soviet people
and promoting social progress. The fact
that agrarian policy has been singled out as
a relatively independent element of the
Party's political course (see Economic
Policy of the CPSU) can be explained by
the distinctive features of the socio--
economic structure of agriculture, the specifics of
regulation of the economic relations within
this branch and the difference between the
working and living conditions in town and
country. In mapping out and implementing
its agrarian policy, the CPSU is guided
by the Marxist-Leninist teaching on the
agrarian and peasant question. Lenin's
works contain a profound scientific
analysis of the general laws and characteristics
of the advance of relations of production
and productive forces in agriculture, its
intensive development, scientific and
technical progress in this field, and the
features of large-scale production and its
advantages over that of small producers.
Lenin elaborated the cooperative plan and
worked out the methods for the socialist
transformation of agriculture and its
progress along new social lines. Together with
the other communist parties, the CPSU
is further developing the Leninist doctrine,
taking due account of changing historical
conditions. In the period before the
October Revolution in Russia, the chief issues
of the agrarian policy were that of the
peasantry as an ally of the working class
in a socialist revolution, and that of the
land. After the Revolution, during the
period of transition from capitalism to
socialism, agriculture developed along
socialist lines, with large-scale social
production gradually taking hold. In the period
of the building of developed socialism,
the purpose of the agrarian policy was to
consolidate the social production of
collective and state farms, advance
agriculture and further develop socio-economic
relations in the countryside. Its
implementation has produced good results. The chief
trends in agrarian policy today were
mapped out at the March 1965 Plenary
Meeting of the CPSU Central Committee.
They have been further elaborated and
made concrete in the materials of subsequent
Party congresses and Central Committee
plenary meetings, as well as in the
decisions of the CPSU Central Committee and
the Soviet government. The programme
that has been evolved envisages a dynamic
and harmonious development of all
branches of agriculture, to ensure a stable
supply of foodstuffs and agricultural raw
materials. Measures have been developed
to bring the material and cultural
conditions in town and country closer together.
From 1966 to 1979, 347, 300 million roubles
went into agriculture, or 76 per cent of
the means invested in it since the Soviet
Union was established. Considerable sums
have also been spent to develop the
industries serving agriculture. As a result, labour
productivity in this branch has risen, and
the output and consumption of
agricultural produce increased. The wages of
collective farmers and workers on state farms
have doubled. The people operating
machines have become a major component of
the agricultural production process. A great
deal is being done to provide rural
housing with all modern amenities. Principal
attention is focused on achieving higher
final results of production activity both
in agriculture and throughout the 
agroindustrial complex to ensure a rapid and
stable growth of production, enhance its
efficiency and social progress in the
countryside; special importance attaches to
accelerated advance of stock-breeding, since
the demand for its produce far exceeds
supply owing to the growing welfare of
the population. With these ends in view,
the material and technical basis of
agriculture is being consolidated, inter-sectoral
cooperajion and agro-industrial integration
encouraged, and the economic relations
between the branches of the agro-industrial
complex, planning and the system of
incentives are being improved. The llth
fiveyear plan includes the Food Programme,
which considers issues of developing
agricultural production in conjunction with
those of the industries serving agriculture,
procurement of agricultural produce, its
storage, transportation and processing, as
well as further development of the food
industry and the sale of foodstuffs. The
experience gained by the Soviet Union in
the socialist transformation and
development of agriculture is being used by the
other socialist countries, due account being
taken of the conditions prevailing there.
It shows the peasantry of the developing
countries the advantages of applying
collective methods in agriculture and
facilitates an early solution by the democratic
forces of their agrarian problems.
Communist and workers' parties in developed
capitalist countries use this experience in their
work in the countryside and for
substantiating their agrarian programmes.