Autor: Sônia Maria | Publicado: 2012-09-09T05:05:00-07:00



Lista de exercícios - 8* serie 



Considere o sistema e responda as questões:

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a) Quantos átomos estão representados no sistema?
__________________________



b) Quantos elementos há no sistema?&nbsp;
________________________________



c) Quantas moléculas estão representadas no sistema em questão?&nbsp; _____________________



d) Quantas substâncias se encontram nesse mesmo sistema?&nbsp; ___________________________





2- Para responder esta questão, observe atentamente os sistemas:



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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; II&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; III

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; IV&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
VI

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; V&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 



a) Quais sistemas são substâncias puras?
________________________________



b) Quais sistemas são substâncias simples?
_______________________________



c) Quais sistemas são substâncias compostas?
_____________________________



d) Em que sistema temos mistura de 2 componentes?
_______________________



e) Em que sistema temos mistura de 3 componentes?
_________________________



3- Quais são os elementos químicos que compõem a água?









4- As substâncias que constituem um mistura não se combinam
entre si. Cada substâncias conserva suas propriedades específicas. As misturas
podem ser heterogêneas ou homogêneas.

a) O que é uma mistura heterogênea? Cite dois exemplos.







b) O que é uma mistura homogênea? Cite dois exemplos.







5- Identifique uma diferença fundamental entre substância pura composta e
mistura.









6- Que processos você usaria para separar as misturas a seguir?
Justifique.

a) areia e pedra





c) os componentes do sangue





7- Uma mistura constituída de ÁGUA, LIMALHA DE FERRO, ÁLCOOL
E AREIA foi submetida a três processos de separação, quais seriam eles?













8- Assinale (V) para as afirmações verdadeiras e (F) para as
falsas.

a) (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) O ar
atmosférico é uma substância pura.

b) (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) O sangue é
uma mistura.

c) (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) Uma
solução de açúcar é uma mistura.

d) (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) O oxigênio
e o ozônio são substâncias distintas, embora constituídas por átomos de um
mesmo elemento químico.

e) (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) A matéria
que contém três tipos de molécula é uma substância composta.

f) (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) A matéria
que contém apenas um tipo de molécula é uma substância simples, mesmo que cada
molécula seja formada por dois átomos diferentes.



9- A água é uma mistura de hidrogênio e oxigênio. Você
concorda com essa afirmação? Justifique.







10- Quando empregamos fusão fracionada? Exemplifique.







11- Duas amostras de uma solução aquosa de sulfato de
cobre, de coloração azul, foram submetidas, respectivamente, às seguintes
operações:



<!--[if !supportLists]-->I-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->filtração através de papel de filtro;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->II-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->destilação simples.



Qual a coloração resultante:



a) do material que passou pelo
filtro na operação I? Justifique.







b) do produto condensado na
operação II? Justifique.







12- A flotação é um dos métodos
de beneficiamento do carvão mineral. Isso é possível, porque a fração rica em
matéria carbonosa e a fração rica em cinzas apresentam:



<!--[if !supportLists]-->a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->pontos de fusão;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->densidades;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->pontos de ebulição;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->estados físicos;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->e)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->comportamentos magnéticos.



13- Assinale a alternativa onde
aparece um sistema homogêneo:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->vapor d’água e gás carbônico;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->areia e chumbo;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->gelo e solução aquosa de sal de cozinha;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->carvão e enxofre;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->e)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->álcool e areia.



14- Assinale o grupo que
apresenta somente substâncias puras:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->guaraná, leite e enxofre;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

<!--[if !supportLists]-->b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->óleo, banha vegetal e hidrogênio;

<!--[if !supportLists]-->c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->água, oxigênio e ácido sulfúrico;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 

<!--[if !supportLists]-->d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->margarina, farinha e sódio.

<!--[if !supportLists]-->e)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<!--[endif]-->tinta, goma arábica e nitrogênio.