A enfermagem na icterícia neonatal: cuidados com a fototerapia
Autor: Enfermeira Adriana | Publicado: 2014-06-19T09:40:00-07:00

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Em relação à fototerapia, algumas intervenções essenciais de
enfermagem à qualidade do tratamento:

&nbsp;O RN submetido à fototerapia deve ser
despido, para que essa possa atingir região extensa da pele, sendo necessário
uso de fraldas para proteção das gônadas, e devido à diarreia consequente da
terapia, além disso, deve-se promover mudança de decúbito a cada duas horas
para uniformizar a ação da fototerapia; os olhos devem ser protegidos com venda
escura, já que a retina pode ser lesada pela intensidade da luz, e ainda
ressalta que ao vendar os olhos do RN é preciso verificar se eles encontram-se
fechados, assim evitando escoriação e que se deve inspecioná-los a fim de
identificar secreções ou abrasões, retirando a venda quando o RN for
alimentado, higienizado e quando os pais forem visitá-lo, estimulando a
interação entre o trinômio. É de extrema importância fazer balanço hídrico
rigoroso, monitorar a diurese e a hidratação, observar frequência, aspecto e
quantidade das eliminações.&nbsp; Com relação
à temperatura recomenda-se a verificação a cada duas ou três horas, pois o RN
em fototerapia está exposto a hipertermia ou a hipotermia. Promover a
alimentação frequente, com estímulo da amamentação, com o fim de promover a
motilidade gastrointestinal, assim eliminando mais rapidamente a bilirrubina;
em relação à pele, observá-la, pois há risco de queimaduras e eritemas. Enfim,
tem que se verificar a irradiância adequada a cada tratamento, verificar a
radiancia a cada plantão e o reposicionamento do foco.