A Química das Tatuagens 
Autor: Victor Hugo | Publicado: 2014-06-08T12:28:00-03:00

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Há quem goste e quem deteste, mas poucos lhes
ficam indiferentes. As tatuagens são uma forma de afirmação individual e a sua
popularidade tem crescido recentemente.





&nbsp; &nbsp; A
tatuagem (também referida como tattoo na sua forma
em inglês) ou dermo-pigmentação ("dermo" = pele /
"pigmentação" ato de pigmentar, ou colorir) é uma das formas de modificação
do corpo mais conhecidas e cultuadas do mundo. Trata-se de um desenho feito na pele
humana que, tecnicamente, é uma aplicação subcutânea obtida através da
introdução de pigmentos por agulhas, um procedimento que durante muitos séculos
foi completamente irreversível (embora dependendo do caso, mesmo as técnicas de
remoção atuais possam deixar cicatrizes e variações de cor sobre a pele). A
motivação para os cultuadores dessa arte é ser uma obra de arte viva, e
temporal tanto quanto a vida.







&nbsp;&nbsp; Conhecidas&nbsp; há mais de 5 mil anos, as
tatuagens têm evoluído com tempo e começam agora a dar um passo decisivo de
mudança, graças ao desenvolvimento da química: com as novas tintas removíveis,
as tatuagens perdem a sua característica mais marcante – vão deixar de ser um
compromisso para toda a vida.







&nbsp; As tintas para tatuagem são normalmente obtidas
por suspensão de um corante num líquido apropriado: água, álcool, glicerina ou
uma mistura destes. Os corantes variam muito na sua composição e os mais usados
são relativamente inócuos. As tintas pretas são normalmente óxidos de carbono,
enquanto as azuis são obtidas com sais de cobre ou óxidos de cobalto.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; O branco
pode ser dióxido de titânio, óxido de zinco ou carbonato de chumbo. Estes
compostos são estáveis sob a pele e a tatuagem é definitiva.







As tintas removíveis têm uma filosofia
completamente diferente: são baseadas em corantes que podem ser absorvidos e
degradados pelo organismo. O corante absorvível &nbsp;é envolvido numa cápsula
transparente que garante a sua permanência na pele, enquanto o dono da tatuagem
assim o desejar. &nbsp;A cápsula&nbsp; protetora é feita de um material
sensível à luz, que se decompõe quando irradiado com um laser apropriado.









Deste modo, quando o
feliz proprietário desta tatuagem decide removê-la, só tem de usar um laser
adequado para degradar as cápsulas protetoras, libertando assim, as moléculas
de corante. Estas são depois absorvidas e metabolizadas pelo organismo e em
algumas horas a tatuagem desaparece sem deixar qualquer marca!