Autor: FALA PEDRO ALEXANDRE | Publicado: 2011-11-14T03:55:00-08:00

História da Proclamação da República, feriado do dia 15 de Novembro, crise da monarquia, Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca, movimento republicano, história do Brasil, fim da monarquia, democracia no Brasil.
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 <![endif]-->  Introdução

No final da década de 1880, a monarquia brasileira estava numa situação de crise, pois representava uma forma de governo que não correspondia mais às mudanças sociais em processo. Fazia-se necessário a implantação de uma nova forma de governo, que fosse capaz de fazer o país progredir e avançar nas questões políticas, econômicas e sociais.   Crise da Monarquia

A crise do sistema monárquico brasileiro pode ser explicada através de algumas questões:   - Interferência de D.Pedro II nos assuntos religiosos, provocando um descontentamento na Igreja Católica;  - Críticas feitas por integrantes do Exército Brasileiro, que não aprovavam a corrupção existente na corte. Além disso, os militares estavam descontentes com a proibição, imposta pela Monarquia, pela qual os oficiais do Exército não podiam se manifestar na imprensa sem uma prévia autorização do Ministro da Guerra;  - A classe média (funcionário públicos, profissionais liberais, jornalistas, estudantes, artistas, comerciantes) estava crescendo nos grandes centros urbanos e desejava mais liberdade e maior participação nos assuntos políticos do país. Identificada com os ideais republicanos, esta classe social passou a apoiar o fim do império;  - Falta de apoio dos proprietários rurais, principalmente dos cafeicultores do Oeste Paulista, que desejavam obter maior poder político, já que tinham grande poder econômico;   Diante das pressões citadas, da falta de apoio popular e das constantes críticas que partiam de vários setores sociais, o imperador e seu governo, encontravam-se enfraquecidos e frágeis. Doente, D.Pedro II estava cada vez mais afastado das decisões políticas do país. Enquanto isso, o movimento republicano ganhava força no Brasil.  A Proclamação da República

No dia 15 de novembro de 1889, o Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca, com o apoio dos republicanos, demitiu o Conselho de Ministros e seu presidente. Na noite deste mesmo dia, o marechal assinou o manifesto proclamando a República no Brasil e instalando um governo provisório.  Após 67 anos, a monarquia chegava ao fim. No dia 18 de novembro, D.Pedro II e a família imperial partiam rumo à Europa. Tinha início a República Brasileira com o Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca assumindo provisoriamente o posto de presidente do Brasil. A partir de então, o pais seria governado por um presidente escolhido pelo povo através das eleições. Foi um grande avanço rumo a consolidação da democracia no Brasil.