Origem da  Palavra "Brasil" 
Autor: Vanderlei Xavier | Publicado: 2014-06-27T16:59:00-07:00

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Mapa Mundi de Joan Blaeu - 1684




Mapa Mundi de Ortelius - 1570

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A origem do nome do país deu lugar a nada menos que
onze hipóteses diferentes, que o filólogo brasileiro Adelino José da Silva
Azevedo resumiu em uma só num livro publicado em 1967. Nele o autor prova que
se trata de uma&nbsp; de procedência celta,
embora suas origens mais remotas possam ser rastreadas até os fenícios, que
mantiveram um intenso comércio de um colorante vermelho, que se extraía de um
mineral cujos principais fornecedores eram os celtas, povo mineiro que
explorava jazidas da Ibéria até a Irlanda.&nbsp;



Os gregos sucederam aos fenícios no comércio deste
produto, a que chamavam ‘kinnabar’, e que passou ao latim como ‘cinnabar’, ao
português como cinábrio e ao espanhol como ‘cinabrio’. Uma das características
das línguas celtas é a inversão de partículas; assim, a ‘kinnabar’ chamaram
‘barkino’, que daria lugar ao espanhol ‘barcino’, adjetivo que se aplica a
certos animais de pele avermelhada e que, com variantes, passou a designar a
cor vermelha em várias línguas de influência celta.



Na Idade Média, os artesãos começaram a usar um
colorante vermelho extraído da madeira, que na Toscana se chamou ‘verzino’; em
Veneza, ‘berzi’ e em Gênova, ‘brazi’, nome que logo designou também a madeira
de onde se extraía a substância, conhecida na Espanha como ‘palo Brasil’ ou em
Portugal como “pau-brasil”.&nbsp;



Na época dos descobrimentos, os portugueses
guardavam cuidadosamente o segredo de tudo o que achavam e conquistavam, a fim
de explorá-lo vantajosamente. Mas não tardou a correr na Europa que haviam
descoberto uma certa ‘ilha Brazil’, de onde extraiam o pau-brasil.&nbsp;



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<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>

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Nos mais antigos mapas mundi que se tem notícia
como no de Abraham
Ortelius (1527-1598),
no
de Petrus Plancius (1552/1622) e no&nbsp; de Joan Blaeu (1596 — Amsterdam, 28 de maio de
1673), Brasil aparece como: &nbsp;Bralil ou Brasília. Seguem as
imagens cortadas dos mapas originais:











&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;

Por W.X.