Sindrome de Bournout
Autor: CÉLIA CAETANO | Publicado: 2012-09-29T09:35:00-07:00

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Matéria do site do portal do professor

Edição 3 – Saúde do Professor

Bournout: Sindrome&nbsp;
afeta mais de 15% dos docentes.

Exaustão emocional, baixa
realização profissional, sensação de perda de energia, de fracasso profissional
e de esgotamento. Estes são os principais sintomas de pessoas que sofrem da
síndrome de Burnout. A pessoa é consumida física e emocionalmente pelo próprio
objeto de trabalho. Daí o termo burnout - do inglês burn (queima) e out (para
fora, até o fim). A doença acomete profissionais de várias áreas, mas seu
diagnóstico é mais freqüente em profissões com altas demandas emocionais e que
exigem interações intensas, como é o caso, por exemplo, dos professores e dos
profissionais de saúde.



Uma pesquisa realizada pela psicóloga Nádia Maria
Beserra Leite, da Universidade de Brasília (UNB), com mais de oito mil
professores da educação básica da rede pública na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil
revelou que 15,7% dos entrevistados apresentam a síndrome de Burnout, que
reflete intenso sofrimento causado por estresse laboral crônico. “A enfermidade
acomete principalmente profissionais idealistas e com altas expectativas em
relação aos resultados do seu trabalho. Na impossibilidade de alcançá-los,
acabam decepcionados consigo mesmos e com a carreira”, explicou. 



De acordo com Nádia, obter 15,7% num universo de
oito mil não é desprezível. Caso o índice seja o mesmo em todo o país, por
exemplo, então mais de 300 mil professores brasileiros convivem com a síndrome,
isso somente no ensino básico. Entre outras conseqüências, tal cenário levaria
a um sério comprometimento na educação de milhões de alunos.



Os dados foram revelados por meio de um
questionário aplicado no Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica, em 2003, mas
somente analisado em 2007. O questionário permite identificar a incidência dos
três sintomas que caracterizam a síndrome: exaustão emocional, baixa realização
profissional e despersonalização. Com relação ao primeiro sintoma, 29,8% dos
professores pesquisados apresentaram exaustão emocional em nível considerado
crítico. Quanto à baixa realização profissional, a incidência foi de 31,2%,
enquanto 14% evidenciaram altos níveis de despersonalização.



Em entrevista ao Jornal do Professor, a psicóloga explica como os
professores podem identificar a síndrome e o que devem fazer para tratá-la.