A ESCRAVIDÃO ENTRE AFRICANOS NO SÉCULO XVI
Autor: Marilene Neves | Publicado: 2016-07-16T15:16:00-07:00

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A
ESCRAVIDÃO ENTRE AFRICANOS SÉCULO XVI

Marilene Neves de Oliveira &nbsp;

16/07/2016



Com a posse das novas terras americanas,
houve uma grande necessidade a partir de 1530 uma mão de obra que desse lucro
imediato. As grandes fazendas dos donatários ocupavam suas terras. O cultivo de
cana de açúcar se espalhavam rapidamente. Eram necessários grandes contingentes
de pessoas para a produção do mesmo. &nbsp;Como
os portugueses já tinham na costa africana feitorias e um acordo com nativos
mercadores. Se tornou viável usar africano capturados; feito escravos na nova
terra (Brasil).



Desde de 1540 os
portugueses tiveram contatos com os soberanos Mbundu, foram reis africanos que
tomaram a iniciativa de buscar contatos com os europeus. (...) Por volata de
1560&nbsp; o Ngola Liluanji aumentou o número
de escravos no reino Ndongo, provavelmente em função do longo período de seca
por que passou a região. Nessa época o Ndongo já fornecia escravos aos
plantadores de cana-de-açúcar da ilha de são Tomé. (Miller, 1983, v I p.
139-40).





Segundo estudos realizados, uma boa
parte do continente africano praticava a escravidão entre tribos. Vários
motivos, como disputas tribais; perda de uma propriedade; pagamento de dívidas,
disputas por territórios. 



Na África negra,
cativos eram adquiridos e incorporados às comunidades aldeãs. Tornando-se
membros socialmente inferiores das comunidades hospedeiras, mas participavam
com direitos e deveres delimitados. (MAESTRI, Mário, p. 5)





Chamado de também de agregados esse
cativo em uma família aldeã africana não podia ser vendido, a não ser em caso
específico. A diferença entre um cativo na própria terra, era que em três ou
quatro gerações evoluía à cidadania plena.



















Referências

MAESTRI, Mário.
Escravidão e escravismo na Antiguidade. São Paulo. Editora Atual, 19ª edição, 1994.



_________A
Escravidão no Rio Grande do sul. Porto Alegre, 2006. Ed. UFRGS, p. 15.



PANTIJA, Selma. Nzinga
Mbandi:mulher, guerra e escravidão. Brasília, 2000. Editora Thesaurus, p. 88.