syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of semaglutide in glycemic control, body weight management, lipid profiles and other biomarkers among obese type 2 diabetes patients initiated or switched to semaglutide from other GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Evidence of the efficacy and safety of semaglutide among patients with type 2 diabetes who were initiated on or were switched to semaglutide from other glp-1 ras remains limited.The objective of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of switching to semaglutide from other glp-1 ras.Methods this retrospective cohort study evaluated patients with type 2 diabetes who were initiated on or were switched to semaglutide due to poor diabetes control with other glp-1 ras or other medications, or obesity.Hb a1c, body weight, serum creatinine, serum uric acid, parameters of lipid metabolism, and parameters of liver function were measured before and 6 months after administration of semaglutide.Results a total of 50 patients were registered in the study.After switching to semaglutide (n = 43), hb a1c and body weight significantly decreased (p< 0.01,p< 0.01), respectively.The same findings were observed in semaglutide-naïve patients (p= 0.04,p< 0.02) (n = 7).Serum uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio decreased significantly as well (p= 0.04,p= 0.04,p= 0.02, p = 0.04), whereas serum creatinine did not change significantly (p= 0.51).Conclusions semaglutide showed excellent efficacy, even in patients switched from other glp-1 ras.Semaglutide appears to be a promising agent for blood glucose and body weight control in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and could be more potent in treating type 2 diabetes than existing glp-1 ras.

Journal: Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders (2021)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Evaluation of a guideline developed to reduce HIV-related stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings and establishing consensus.

Developing guidelines and policies is critical to address hiv-related stigma and discrimination (sad) in healthcare settings.To this end, a multidisciplinary panel developed a guideline to reduce sad.This project evaluated the appropriateness of implementing the guideline in the ethiopian context.Methods a consensus of the expert panel was established through a modified delphi technique which was followed by a panel meeting.Initial tentative recommendations were distributed to experts through e-mails to be evaluated using the modified guideline implementability appraisal (glia) v.2.0 checklist.Results in the first round of the delphi survey, all (13) panel members evaluated the guideline.The overall score for the general domain of the modified glia checklist was 96.56%.The scores for individual recommendations ranged from 68.33% to 92.76%.Maximum and minimum scores were attained for measurability (97.71%) and flexibility (59.77%) domains respectively.Percentages mean score lower than 75% was obtained for flexibility and validity domains.Participants suggested that additional tools and training should be added to the guideline.In the second round of the survey, all the recommendations received endorsement with scores above 75%.Maximum and minimum scores were attained for measurability (100%) and flexibility (86.88%) domains respectively.During the panel meeting, issues of responsibility for implementing the guideline were discussed.Conclusion the project evaluated implementability of a guideline developed to reduce hiv-related sad in healthcare settings.The delphi survey was followed by a half-day meeting that helped in further clarification of points.

Journal: PloS one (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Prediction of cross section fracture path of cortical bone through nanoindentation array.

Although great progresses in the fracture mechanisms and deformation behaviors of cortical bones have been achieved, the effective methods to predict the surface fracture path of cortical bones are still difficult.By using depth-sensing nanoindentation measurement technique, the hardness distribution map of cortical bones was obtained through nanoindentation array.Combined with the compressive tests under approximate in vivo environment and micro computed tomography (ct) analysis, the correlation between hardness distribution map and compressive fracture path on the cross section of cortical bone was established.Through extracting the high hardness regions from the hardness distribution map and connecting the high hardness regions combined with the minimum directional derivative principle, the fracture path on cross section under compressive stress was accurately predicted.The feasibility of the prediction method was verified through the comparison between the fitted and actual fracture paths of specimens with sampling orientations of 90° and 45°.The relation between the regions where the fracture propagation path passed through and distribution of haversian canals were also analyzed.

Journal: Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Facile Hydrogenation of Furfural by MOF-Derived Graphitic Carbon Wrapped FeCo Bimetallic Catalysts.

A catalytic system for selective transformation of furfural into biofuel is highly desirable.However, selective hydrogenation of the c=o group over the furan ring of furfural to produce ether in one step is challenging.Here, we report the preparation of a series of magnetically recoverable fe co@gc nano-alloys (37-40 nm).Fe3o4(3-5 nm) and mof-71 (co), used as the co and c source, were mixed together in a range of fe/co ratios, and then encapsulated in a graphitic carbon (gc) shell to prepare such alloys.Stem-haadf shows the darker core made of fe co and the shell of graphitic carbon.Furfural is hydrogenated to produce >99% isopropyl furfuryl ether in isopropanol with >99% conversion at 170 °c under 40 bars of h2, whereas n-chain alcohol, such as ethanol, produces corresponding ethyl levulinate in 93%.The synergistic effect due to the charge transfer from fe to co leads to higher reactivity of fe co@gc.The catalyst, which can be separated from the reaction medium using a simple magnet without significant damage to the surface or composition, retained its reactivity and selectivity for up to four consecutive cycles.

Journal: Chemistry, an Asian journal (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Silk Nanoparticle Manufacture in Semi-Batch Format.

Silk nanoparticles have demonstrated utility across a range of biomedical applications, especially as drug delivery vehicles.Their fabrication by bottom-up methods such as nanoprecipitation, rather than top-down manufacture, can improve critical nanoparticle quality attributes.Here, we establish a simple semi-batch method using drop-by-drop nanoprecipitation at the lab scale that reduces special-cause variation and improves mixing efficiency.The stirring rate was an important parameter affecting nanoparticle size and yield (400 < 200 < 0 rpm), while the initial dropping height (5.5 vs 7.5 cm) directly affected nanoparticle yield.Varying the nanoparticle standing time in the mother liquor between 0 and 24 h did not significantly affect nanoparticle physicochemical properties, indicating that steric and charge stabilizations result in high-energy barriers for nanoparticle growth.Manufacture across all tested formulations achieved nanoparticles between 104 and 134 nm in size with high β-sheet content, spherical morphology, and stability in aqueous media for over 1 month at 4 °c.This semi-automated drop-by-drop, semi-batch silk desolvation offers an accessible, higher-throughput platform for standardization of parameters that are difficult to control using manual methodologies.

Journal: ACS biomaterials science & engineering (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Acute unsolicited adverse events following BNT162b2 vaccine in Saudi Arabia, a real-world data.

Acute adverse events and anaphylaxis were reported after the administration of coronavirus disease (covid-19) m rna vaccines.We aim to explore the nature and outcome of adverse events following bnt162b2 vaccine in a community vaccination center, riyadh, saudi arabia.Method within 30 min post vaccination, all acute adverse events (aaes) that occurred before march 31st, 2021, and in people older than 16 years were reviewed (aae group).We used the case definition of brighton collaboration on vaccine safety to define anaphylaxis.Patients' demographics, comorbidities, allergy history, and outcome at disposition were collected.Observation duration after vaccination was short (<15 min) or extended (<3 h).Statistical analysis was performed to study aaes association with the study variables and outcomes.Results out of 71,221 vaccine recipients, 144 (0.002%) had developed 345 aaes, at a rate of 48.4 events per 10,000 dose administered.The majority of cases in aae group were first dose recipients (93.8%) and previously healthy (59%), while the minority had a previous history of allergy (6.3%) or a laboratory-confirmed covid-19 (4.2%).We found a significant association between female gender and the occurrence of any aae (p-value = 0.002).Per every 10,000 doses administered, non-anaphylactic aaes were dizziness (17.8), headache (9.7), nausea (7.1), or syncope (3.2).Only one in every ten aaes was considered serious and resulted in an extended observation (4.8 per 10,000 doses), but only 1/144 required hospitalization for non-anaphylaxis reasons (0.1 per 10,000 doses).According to the brighton collaboration definition of anaphylaxis, no single case of high certainty anaphylaxis was recorded.No death was documented in this cohort.Conclusion acute adverse events due to bnt162b2 vaccinewere rare andmostlynon-seriouswith a tendency to occur more in women.Further prospectivestudieson largervaccine recipientsto evaluatethe incidenceof anaphylaxis in the saudi population are warranted.

Journal: Vaccine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Uptake, Acropetal Translocation, and Enantioselectivity of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Maize Coexisting with Copper.

Plant uptake and translocation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) are critical for food safety and raise major concerns.However, those processes are associated with many undisclosed mechanisms, especially when pfos coexist with heavy metals.In this study, we investigated the effect of copper (cu) on pfos distribution in maize tissues by assessing the pfos concentration and enantioselectivity.The presence of 100 μmol/l cu damaged the root cell membrane and increased root permeability, resulting in a higher pfos concentration in roots.The suppression of acropetal translocation might be attributed to cu inhibition of carrier proteins.The enantiomer fraction (ef) of 1m-pfos at 100 μmol/l cu in roots and the ef variation changed from positive to negative in shoots.These ef results evidenced the existence of a protein-mediated uptake pathway.Besides, this study indicated the challenge of chiral signature application in pfos source identification, given the effects of heavy metals and plants on pfos enantioselectivity.The findings provide insight into pfos bioaccumulation in plants cocontaminated with cu and will facilitate environmental risk assessment.

Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Red blood cell distribution width in different time-points of peripheral thrombolysis period in acute ischemic stroke is associated with prognosis.

The relationship between red blood cell distribution width (rdw) in peripheral thrombolysis period and prognosis is not fully clarified in those who underwent intravenous thrombolysis (ivt) for acute ischemic stroke (ais).Our study aimed to clarify this issue.A retrospective analysis of about 510 consecutive thrombolysis cases for ais from january 2015 to march 2019 in a single-center database was done and followed-up for 3 months.We used univariate and multivariable models to evaluate the relationship between rdw levels at various time-points after ivt and the occurrence risk of hemorrhagic transformation (ht) and recurrent stroke, and used cox regression to assess the hazard ratios of outcomes with rdw levels.Elevated risk of ht was found in higher tertiles of rdw (or = 10.282, 95% confidence interval (ci) 2.841-39.209,p< 0.001 in tp tertile g3; or = 5.650, 95% ci 1.992-16.025,p= 0.001 in t24 tertile g3; or = 4.308, 95% ci 1.480-12.542,p= 0.007 in t48 tertile g3 and or = 6.384, 95% ci 2.201-18.515,p= 0.001 in t72 tertile g3, respectively).Occurrence of recurrent stroke was highest in the rdw tertile g3 (hr = 4.580, 95% ci 2.123-9.883,p< 0.001 in tp tertile g3; hr = 5.731, 95% ci 2.498-13.151,p= 0.001 in t24 tertile g3; hr = 3.019, 95% ci 1.969-4.059,p= 0.031 in t48 tertile g3; hr = 3.318, 95% ci 1.598-6.890,p= 0.001 in t72 tertile g3, respectively).Mean rdw levels ≥13.60 among ais patients undergoing thrombolysis was associated with higher risk of ht and recurrent stroke.

Journal: Aging (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Polybetaines in Biomedical Applications.

Polybetaines, that have moieties bearing both cationic (quaternary ammonium group) and anionic groups (carboxylate, sulfonate, phosphate/phosphinate/phosphonate groups) situated in the same structural unit represent an important class of smart polymers with unique and specific properties, belonging to the family of zwitterionic materials.According to the anionic groups, polybetaines can be divided into three major classes: poly(carboxybetaines), poly(sulfobetaines) and poly(phosphobetaines).The structural diversity of polybetaines and their special properties such as, antifouling, antimicrobial, strong hydration properties and good biocompatibility lead to their use in nanotechnology, biological and medical fields, water remediation, hydrometallurgy and the oil industry.In this review we aimed to highlight the recent developments achieved in the field of biomedical applications of polybetaines such as: antifouling, antimicrobial and implant coatings, wound healing and drug delivery systems.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Characterization and evaluation of cold atmospheric plasma as seedborne fungal disinfectant and promoting mediator for physico-chemical characteristics of Moringa oleifera seedlings.

Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasmas are a powerful tool to impact seed germination and microbial decontamination.Air large volume atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma was developed and investigated to improve the biological activities of moringa oleifera seeds.Ninty ns magnetic pulse compression high voltage system was used to generate the plasma.The plasma discharges current increases with increasing applied voltage and it decreases with increasing discharge gap.There was a steady reduction in the count of seedborne fungi on the application of air cold plasma with complete elimination of fungi at ≥ 10.94 m j per pulse.The low doses of plasma (2.46 and 4.35 m j) induced an increase in the seed germination, a significant increase in chlorophyll content (chl a and chl b) and antioxidant activities of the seedlings emerged from soaked or wet seeds rather than dry seeds.At lower plasma doses (2.46 and 4.35 m j) there was a significant increase in leaf area and chlorophyll content (chl a and chl b) of the seedlings that emerged from h2o2soaked seeds rather than that of free from h2o2.The plasma was harmful when applied at higher doses (≥ 10.94 m j) and more harmful to the wet seeds compared to the dry ones.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Robotic Endoscope Control Via Autonomous Instrument Tracking.

Many keyhole interventions rely on bi-manual handling of surgical instruments, forcing the main surgeon to rely on a second surgeon to act as a camera assistant.In addition to the burden of excessively involving surgical staff, this may lead to reduced image stability, increased task completion time and sometimes errors due to the monotony of the task.Robotic endoscope holders, controlled by a set of basic instructions, have been proposed as an alternative, but their unnatural handling may increase the cognitive load of the (solo) surgeon, which hinders their clinical acceptance.More seamless integration in the surgical workflow would be achieved if robotic endoscope holders collaborated with the operating surgeonviasemantically rich instructions that closely resemble instructions that would otherwise be issued to a human camera assistant, such as "focus on my right-hand instrument." as a proof of concept, this paper presents a novel system that paves the way towards a synergistic interaction between surgeons and robotic endoscope holders.The proposed platform allows the surgeon to perform a bimanual coordination and navigation task, while a robotic arm autonomously performs the endoscope positioning tasks.Within our system, we propose a novel tooltip localization method based on surgical tool segmentation and a novel visual servoing approach that ensures smooth and appropriate motion of the endoscope camera.We validate our vision pipeline and run a user study of this system.The clinical relevance of the study is ensured through the use of a laparoscopic exercise validated by the european academy of gynaecological surgery which involves bi-manual coordination and navigation.Successful application of our proposed system provides a promising starting point towards broader clinical adoption of robotic endoscope holders.

Journal: Frontiers in robotics and AI (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
East Africa International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research: Impact on Malaria Policy in Uganda.

Malaria is the leading cause of disease burden in sub-saharan africa.In 2010, the east africa international center of excellence for malaria research, also known as the program for resistance, immunology, surveillance, and modeling of malaria (prism), was established to provide a comprehensive approach to malaria surveillance in uganda.We instituted cohort studies and a robust malaria and entomological surveillance network at selected public health facilities that have provided a platform for monitoring trends in malaria morbidity and mortality, tracking the impact of malaria control interventions (indoor residual spraying of insecticide [irs], use of long-lasting insecticidal nets [llins], and case management with artemisinin-based combination therapies [acts]), as well as monitoring of antimalarial drug and insecticide resistance.Prism studies have informed uganda's malaria treatment policies, guided selection of llins for national distribution campaigns, and revealed widespread pyrethroid resistance, which led to changes in insecticides delivered through irs.Our continuous engagement and interaction with policy makers at the ugandan ministry of health have enabled prism to share evidence, best practices, and lessons learned with key malaria stakeholders, participate in malaria control program reviews, and contribute to malaria policy and national guidelines.Here, we present an overview of interactions between prism team members and ugandan policy makers to demonstrate how prism's research has influenced malaria policy and control in uganda.

Journal: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
One month of hyperglycemia alters spectral responses of the zebrafish photopic electroretinogram.

Prolonged hyperglycemia can alter retinal function, ultimately resulting in blindness.Adult zebrafish adults exposed to alternating conditions of 2% glucose/0% glucose display a 3× increase in blood sugar levels.After 4 weeks of treatment, electroretinograms (ergs) were recorded from isolated, perfused,in vitroeyecups.Control animals were exposed to alternating 2% mannitol/0% mannitol (osmotic control) or to alternating water (0% glucose/0% glucose; handling control).Two types of ergs were recorded: (1) native ergs measured using white-light stimuli and medium without synaptic blockers; and (2) spectral ergs measured with an ampa/kainate receptor antagonist, isolating photoreceptor-to-on-bipolar-cell synapses, and a spectral protocol that separated red (r), green (g), blue (b) and uv cone signals.Retinas were evaluated for changes in layer thickness and for the inflammatory markers gfap and nf-κb (rel a or p65).In native ergs, hyperglycemic b- and d-waves were lower in amplitude than the b- and d-waves of mannitol controls.Alteration of waveshape became severe, with b-waves becoming more transient and erg responses showing more piii-like (a-wave) characteristics.For spectral ergs, waveshape appeared similar in all treatment groups.However, a1- and b2-wave implicit times were significantly longer, and amplitudes were significantly reduced, in response to hyperglycemic treatment, owing to the functional reduction in signals from r, g and b cones.Nf-κb increased significantly in hyperglycemic retinas, but the increase in gfap was not significant and retinal layer thickness was unaffected.Thus, prolonged hyperglycemia triggers an inflammatory response and functional deficits localized to specific cone types, indicating the rapid onset of neural complications in the zebrafish model of diabetic retinopathy.

Journal: Disease models & mechanisms (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The Effect of the "Colorful Eating Is Healthy Eating" Long-Term Nutrition Education Program for 3- to 6-Year-Olds on Eating Habits in the Family and Parental Nutrition Knowledge.

Effective strategies for improving eating habits and dietary intake in preschoolers are essential for reducing the risk of chronic non-infectious diseases in later life.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-term nutrition education for 3- to 6-year-olds on parental nutrition knowledge.Methods the study was conducted as part of the "colorful eating is healthy eating" nutrition education program that has been implemented in kindergartens in lublin since 2016.A total of 11 kindergartens were involved in this stage of the program, and 733 parents consented to participate in the project.The study was divided into three stages.In the first stage all parents completed a questionnaire containing 54 items.In the next stage, 211 children from four randomly selected kindergartens participated in the "colorful eating is healthy eating" educational program that lasted 7 months.In the third stage of the study, the parents of children who had completed the 7-month educational program and the parents of control group children once again completed the questionnaire.Results a positive outcome of the educational program was that it contributed to a decrease in the consumption of sweetened hot beverages (p= 0.005) and an increase in water intake (p= 0.001).The nutrition education program was also successful in reducing the consumption of sweets.Children's education improved the parents' knowledge about dietary sources of fiber and the recommended fiber intake, and it contributed to the awareness that breakfast is the most important meal of the day.The program did not enhance the parents' knowledge about snacking between meals or the role of sweetened beverages in dental caries, overweight and obesity.Conclusions long-term multi-stage nutrition education for children aged 3 to 6 years can be helpful in shaping families' eating habits and improving parental nutrition knowledge.However, the program was less effective in eliminating the respondents' preference for sweet-tasting foods.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article