syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Changes of circulating biomarkers of inflammation and glycolipid metabolism by CPAP in OSA patients: a meta-analysis of time-dependent profiles.

Continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) is the first-line therapy for moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (osa).Specifying timing of cpap benefits on osa-related biomarkers will help to assess the effectiveness of cpap and to optimize the treatment strategies.Purpose to explore the time-dependent changes of circulating biomarkers to cpap treatment in patients with osa, including inflammatory biomarkers [c-reactive protein (crp) and tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α)] and glycolipid metabolic biomarkers [fasting blood glucose (fbg), fasting insulin (fins), low-density lipoprotein (ldl), high-density lipoprotein (hdl), total cholesterol (tc), and triglyceride (tg)].Methods searches of pub med and embase database were completed.Two independent reviewers extracted data from 68 included studies.A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effect (or fixed-effect) model and standardized mean difference (smd) model.The timing profiles of circulating biomarkers changes of inflammation and glycolipid metabolism were analyzed based on different cpap duration, that is, short-term (<3 months), mid-term (3-6 months), and long-term (⩾6 months).Results those first improved by short-term treatment include crp [smd: 0.73, 95% confidence interval (ci): 0.15-1.31;p= 0.014], tnf-α [smd: 0.48 (95% ci: 0.10-0.86;p= 0.014)], fbg [smd: 0.32 (95% ci: 0.07-0.57;p= 0.011)], and ldl [smd: 0.40 (95% ci: 0.18-0.62;p= 0.000)].Those first improved by the mid-term or long-term treatment include hdl [smd: -0.20 (95% ci: -0.36 to -0.03;p= 0.018)] and tc [smd: 0.20 (95% ci: 0.05-0.34;p= 0.007)].There were insignificant changes for tg and fins after short or long cpap.Conclusion our results imply that changes of circulating biomarkers for patients with osa under cpap treatment have a time-dependent profile.

Journal: Therapeutic advances in chronic disease (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Faculty preceptors' strategies for teaching clinical reasoning skills in the advanced pharmacy practice experience setting.

Introduction clinical reasoning is essential to providing quality patient care.However, advanced pharmacy practice experience (appe) students may struggle with the real-life aspects of patient care, and it may be difficult to quickly identify these students in order to make meaningful interventions.The purpose of this study was to explore pharmacy faculty preceptors' strategies for identifying gaps and teaching clinical reasoning in the appe setting.Methods a qualitative study utilizing 30-min, one-on-one phone interviews was conducted with faculty members from two schools of pharmacy.Faculty participants were invited based on their appe preceptor role and expertise in adult general medicine.Interview questions collected faculty demographics and reflections on evaluation and instruction of clinical reasoning skills.Demographics were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Thematic analysis was completed to identify themes from qualitative interview data.Results fifteen faculty preceptors participated.The cohort had an average of 17.1 pharmacy practice years and an average of 11.9 faculty member years.Interviews yielded a 7735-word document for data analysis, which resulted in 11 themes.Conclusions this study explored pharmacy faculty preceptors' strategies for identifying gaps in clinical reasoning and their instructional methods to improve those skills, which resulted in 11 themes.Future directions include implementation of a standardized clinical reasoning assessment tool in the appe setting and exploration of targeted educational interventions.

Journal: Currents in pharmacy teaching & learning (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The diagnostic value of cranial MRI findings in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: evaluating radiological parameters associated with intracranial pressure.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (iih) is a disease that can result in blindness if there is a delay in diagnosis.Although it is stated that cranial imaging should be normal among the diagnostic criteria, we know that some radiological parameters can be used for the pre-diagnosis of iih.Purpose to determine the predictive value of radiological parameters for the diagnosis of iih with cranial magnetic resonance imaging (mri).Material and methods the study included a group of 19 patients with iih ("iih group"), a group of 34 patients with hyperintensity around the optic nerve in cranial mri ("radiological increased intracranial pressure group"), and a "control group" consisting of 45 healthy individuals.All patients were evaluated using cranial mri with respect to the presence/absence of empty sella, flattening of the posterior globe, hyperintensity around the optic nerve, optic nerve tortuosity, and optic nerve protrusion.In addition, optic nerve sheath diameter measurement was performed in all patients using cranial axial t2 sequence.Results it was found that optic nerve tortuosity (p= 0.002), flattening of the posterior globe (p= 0.013), and optic nerve protrusion (p= 0.033) were the best parameters to distinguish patients with iih and those with optic nerve subarachnoid space enlargement.A scoring system was developed according to these data.Conclusion in the presence of hyperintensity around the optic nerve, it may be possible to evaluate optic nerve tortuosity, flattening of the posterior globe, and optic nerve protrusion using cranial mri in order to come upon a preliminary diagnosis of iih.

Journal: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Function of Personal Growth Initiative on Posttraumatic Growth, Posttraumatic Stress, and Depression Over and Above Adaptive and Maladaptive Rumination.

S the current study examined whether various types of rumination are distinguishable and the effects of personal growth initiative (pgi) on posttraumatic growth, posttraumatic stress, and depression through adaptive and maladaptive rumination.Method sample included 292 college students who experienced a potentially traumatic event (pte).Results intrusive and deliberative rumination were found to be distinct factors.However, brooding and reflection, thought to be separate aspects of depression, were a single factor.Pgi was positively associated with growth and negatively associated with depression for both genders, and a negative relationship was found between pgi and posttraumatic stress among women.Indirect effects of pgi were found on posttraumatic stress and growth through different forms of rumination.These relations did not change after including the covariates (i.e., time since the trauma, direct exposure, and intentional harm).Conclusion the study provides new insight integrating rumination from the depression literature in the context of trauma and a potential benefit in applying pgi in alleviating pathology after a pte and facilitating growth.

Journal: Journal of clinical psychology (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Interracial unions and sleep duration among heterosexual American adults.

For americans in romantic unions, sleep occurs in the context of couple relationships.Romantic partners influence one another's circadian rhythms, share beds, buffer or cause stress, and share resources that can be used to improve sleep.Moreover, sleep among individuals in interracial relationships may be negatively impacted by the social construction of race/ethnicity that drive health disparities and that point to the importance of factors such as racism, stress and social adversity that represent the unique lived reality of interracial couples in the u.s.Using non-dyadic data from the 2004-2018 national health interview survey (n = 243,552) we fit a series of multinomial regression models predicting self-reported sleep duration of six or fewer (short), seven to eight (normal), and nine or more (long) hours.After adjusting for demographics, household socioeconomic characteristics, and health characteristics/behaviors, we find that individuals in interracial unions report significantly higher odds of short sleep compared to normal sleep.Race/ethnic stratified models indicated that all respondents in interracial relationships had higher odds of reporting short sleep, but that the association was particularly pronounced among non-hispanic white adults and hispanic adults.Generally, we find few differences in these associations between men and women or between those in marital versus those in cohabiting relationships.Future research should continue to investigate how social inequality conditions sleep for americans in romantic relationships.

Journal: SSM - population health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Socioeconomic challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic for Veterans with psychosis or recent homelessness.

The covid-19 pandemic and social distancing have directly impacted the socioeconomic well-being of most americans.Veterans with psychosis (psy) and veterans who were recently housed (rhv) through a supportive housing programme may be especially vulnerable to experiencing negative socioeconomic effects of the pandemic.In this study, we investigated socioeconomic experiences and challenges during the pandemic in these two putatively vulnerable veteran groups and in veterans with no history of psy or homeless (i.e., control veterans, ctl).A total of 231 veterans (81 psy, 76 rhv, 64 ctl) participated in the baseline assessment, and 203 in the follow-up assessment (74 psy, 63 rhv, 66 ctl).At both assessment points we obtained socioeconomic information, including personal finances, financial concerns, housing concerns, experience of material hardships, and employment status.All groups of veterans reported socioeconomic challenges during the pandemic, but the pattern of effects differed across groups.Although rhv was in a similar position to the psy group with respect to personal finances, they reported lower levels of financial well-being and were more prone to experiencing material hardships compared to the other two groups.Ctl was most vulnerable to experiencing negative financial shocks.Contrary to expectations, psy did not experience disproportionate material hardships compared to ctl.Veterans face significant socioeconomic challenges during the covid-19 pandemic.However, rhv disproportionately experienced certain concerns and hardships, and these are a target for intervention by clinicians and service providers.Psy generally fared better than anticipated, possibly reflecting longstanding engagement with va services that could serve to buffer the socioeconomic impact of the pandemic.

Journal: Health & social care in the community (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Theoretical evidence for the formation of perfluorocarboxylic acids form atmospheric oxidation degradation of fluorotelomer acrylates.

The atmospheric oxidation degradation of fluorotelomer acrylates (ftacs) has been proposed as a potential source of perfluorocarboxylic acids (pfcas) in remote locations.In this paper, detailed reactions of the main oxidant oh radicals with 4:2 ftac in the atmosphere have been investigated by using density functional theory (dft) calculation.All possible pathways involved in the oxidation process were presented and discussed.Based on the mechanism, transition state theory (tst) was used to predict the rate constants of the key elementary steps including the initial reactions of oh radical with n:2 ftacs and the subsequent reactions of the main intermediates.Studies show that the reaction processes of oh radical addition to c = c bond are dominant and the fluorotelomer glyoxylate and formaldehyde are the major products.At 296 k, the calculated overall rate constant of 4:2 ftac with oh radical is 1.19 × 10-11cm3molecule-1s-1with an atmospheric lifetime of 23.3 h.In the atmosphere, fluorotelomer glyoxylate will continue to be oxidized, which will lead to the formation of pfcas ultimately.In addition, atmospheric reactions of more carbons ftac (cn f2n+1ch2ch2oc(o)ch = ch2, n = 6, 8, 10) are also discussed in the presence of o2/nox.

Journal: Environmental science and pollution research international (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
In situ probing and stabilizing the power ratio of electro-optic-modulated laser pairs based on VIPA etalon for quantum sensing.

Monitoring and stabilizing the power ratio of laser pairs is significant for high-precision atom interferometers, especially as the compact electro-optic-modulated all-fiber laser system prevails.In this letter, we demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method to in situ probe the relative power of laser pairs and to stabilize the power ratio of two raman lasers using a high-dispersion virtually imaged phased array (vipa) etalon.Sub-microsecond resolution on probing laser power transformation during the atom interferometer sequence is achieved and the power ratio of two raman lasers (prtr) is tightly locked with high bandwidth despite environmental disturbances, showing an allan deviation of 4.39 × 10-5at 1000 s averaging time.This method provides a novel way to stabilize the prtr and diagnose multi-frequency laser systems for atom interferometers, and it could find potential applications in broad quantum sensing scenarios.

Journal: Optics letters (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Orlistat disposition in the human jejunum and the effect of lipolysis inhibition on bile salt concentrations and composition.

The lipolysis-mediated postprandial small intestinal environment is known to influence the solubilisation and subsequent absorption of lipophilic drugs.In a previously performed small-scale clinical study in healthy volunteers, co-administration of the lipase inhibitor orlistat increased jejunal solubilisation and systemic absorption of fenofibrate after intake of the lipid-based formulation fenogal.In the present study, the jejunal disposition of the locally acting orlistat was assessed and linked to fenofibrate solubilisation.In addition, the effect of orlistat-induced lipolysis inhibition on bile salt concentrations and composition was evaluated.Orlistat was distributed predominantly in the lipid layer, as indicated by a 5- to 14-fold higher auc0-320 minin the total jejunal samples as compared to the micellar layers.No effect of orally administered orlistat on bile salt composition or total concentrations (ranging from 1.5 to 24.8 m m and 1.8 to 33.2 m m with and without orlistat co-administration, respectively) could be observed.The intraluminal presence of orlistat in the total jejunal samples correlated with the increased fenofibrate solubilisation in the jejunum (r = 0.9344) and enhanced absorption (r = 0.8184), highlighting the importance of the intraluminal lipid phase in lipophilic drug absorption.

Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Bibliometric analysis of research trends of physical activity intervention for autism spectrum disorders.

Autism spectrum disorder (asd) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social impairment, restricted interests, and repetitive stereotyped behaviors.At present, its pathogenesis has not been fully understood.Various methods are used for clinical treatment and intervention, among which physical activity (pa) intervention also has an obvious effect.This study has used bibliometric methods and visual analysis methods to analyze 885 studies of pa intervention in asd from 2003 to 2022 in the web of science (wo s) database in order to provide theoretical support for the follow-up research on the effect of pa with asd.The main findings of this study are as follows.First, the literature on pa interventions in asd research showed a growing trend.The leading institution in this field is the university of delaware, forming a core group of authors represented by authors such as sean healy and carol curtin et al.Second, the research focus of this research area mainly includes pa interventions for children and adolescents with asd.Pa can improve symptoms such as stereotyped behaviors and motor function in patients with asd as well as can reduce childhood obesity rates and improve quality of life.Third, skill, youth, prevalence, and meta-analysis systematic reviews were found.It is the long-term concern and focus of researchers.In conclusion, the current research is only a short-term analysis, and it is not possible to verify the long-term effect; thus, future data analysis should evaluate and explore the long-term effects of pa interventions on asd including cohort and longitudinal study types focused on the rehabilitation of patients with asd.Moreover, testing the sustainability of benefits for children with asd and constructing a multidimensional exercise integrated intervention model are the main directions for future research in this field.

Journal: Frontiers in human neuroscience (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory syndromic and sentinel surveillance in Israel, 2020: a new perspective on established systems.

The covid-19 pandemic presented new challenges for the existing respiratory surveillance systems, and adaptations were implemented.Systematic assessment of the syndromic and sentinel surveillance platforms during the pandemic is essential for understanding the value of each platform in the context of an emerging pathogen with rapid global spread.aim we aimed to evaluate systematically the performance of various respiratory syndromic surveillance platforms and the sentinel surveillance system in israel from 1 january to 31 december 2020.methods we compared the 2020 syndromic surveillance trends to those of the previous 3 years, using poisson regression adjusted for overdispersion.To assess the performance of the sentinel clinic system as compared with the national sars-co v-2 repository, a cubic spline with 7 knots and 95% confidence intervals were applied to the sentinel network's weekly percentage of positive sars-co v-2 cases.results syndromic surveillance trends changed substantially during 2020, with a statistically significant reduction in the rates of visits to physicians and emergency departments to below previous years' levels.Morbidity patterns of the syndromic surveillance platforms were inconsistent with the progress of the pandemic, while the sentinel surveillance platform was found to reflect the national circulation of sars-co v-2 in the population.conclusion our findings reveal the robustness of the sentinel clinics platform for the surveillance of the main respiratory viruses during the pandemic and possibly beyond.The robustness of the sentinel clinics platform during 2020 supports its use in locations with insufficient resources for widespread testing of respiratory viruses.

Journal: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Modelling the fitness landscapes of a SCRaMbLEd yeast genome.

The use of microorganisms for the production of industrially important compounds and enzymes is becoming increasingly important.Eukaryotes have been less widely used than prokaryotes in biotechnology, because of the complexity of their genomic structure and biology.The yeast2.0 project is an international effort to engineer the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae to make it easy to manipulate, and to generate random variants using a system called scra mb le.Scra mb le relies on artificial evolution in vitro to identify useful variants, an approach which is time consuming and expensive.We developed an in silico simulator for the scra mb le system, using an evolutionary computing approach, which can be used to investigate and optimize the fitness landscape of the system.We applied the system to the investigation of the fitness landscape of one of the s.Saccharomyces chromosomes, and found that our results fitted well with those previously published.We then simulated directed evolution with or without manipulation of scra mb le, and revealed that controlling the scra mb le process could effectively impact directed evolution.Our simulator can be applied to the analysis of the fitness landscapes of any organism for which scra mb le has been implemented.

Journal: Bio Systems (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effect of Kidney Function on Relationships between Lifestyle Behaviors and Mortality or Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Pooled Cohort Analysis.

Adherence to healthy behaviors reduces risks of cardiovascular disease and death in the general population.However, among people with kidney disease, a group at higher risk for cardiovascular disease, such benefits have not been established.Methods we pooled data from three cohort studies with a total of 27,271 participants.Kidney function was categorized on the basis of e gfr (≥60, 45 to <60, and <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2).We used proportional hazard frailty models to estimate associations between healthy behaviors (not smoking, at recommended body mass index [bmi], physical activity, healthy diet, and moderate to no alcohol intake) and outcomes (all-cause death, major coronary events, ischemic stroke, and heart failure events).Results all recommended lifestyle behaviors were significantly associated with lower risks of death, regardless of e gfr.Not smoking (versus current) and any moderate to vigorous physical activity (versus none) was significantly associated with reduced risks of major coronary and heart failure events, regardless of e gfr.Any (versus no) moderate or vigorous physical activity significantly associated with decreased risk of ischemic stroke events only among those with e gfr ≥60.Moderate to no daily alcohol intake (versus excessive) was significantly associated with an increased risk of major coronary events, regardless of e gfr.For heart failure events, a bmi of 18.5 to 30 associated with decreased risk, regardless of e gfr.Across all e gfr categories, the magnitude of risk reduction for death and all cardiovascular outcomes increased with greater numbers of recommended lifestyle behaviors.Conclusions recommended lifestyle behaviors are associated with lower risk of death and cardiovascular disease events among individuals with or without reduced kidney function, supporting lifestyle behaviors as potentially modifiable risk factors for people with kidney disease.

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural