syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support in COVID-19 Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Initial Experience.

Sars-co v-2 may cause severe respiratory failure due to massive alveolar damage.Currently, no adequate curative therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) disease exists.By considering overall impact of covid-19 pandemic outbreak, an increased need of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) support becomes evident.We report on our preliminary institutional experience with covid-19 patients receiving venovenous ecmo support.

Journal: ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Experimental and Numerical Study on the Penetration Performance of a Shaped Charge.

In guided ammunition, because a shaped energy jet warhead is located behind the control cabin (including the guidance cabin, the steering gear cabin, and the flight control cabin), the penetration order of a shaped energy jet is the control cabin and the target plate.In order to obtain maximum penetration depth by a shaped energy jet into a q235 steel plate, the penetration performance of shaped energy jets was studied by numerical simulation and experimental verification.Firstly, the penetration performance of a warhead under different conditions at a certain explosion height is studied, which is the penetration performance of a q235 steel plate with and without the control cabin.Secondly, the numerical simulation results are verified by experimental method.The numerical simulation and experimental results showed that, after penetration of the shaped energy jet warhead into the control cabin, it continued to penetrate the 20 mm-thick q235 steel plate.At a certain explosion height, the maximum penetration depth of the shaped energy jet warhead into the q235 steel plate was about 80 mm.Alongside the numerical simulation and experiment, the armor-breaking process of the shaped charge jet was analyzed theoretically.The results show that when the shaped energy jet warhead is located behind the control cabin, although the control cabin will have a certain impact on the penetration ability of shaped energy jet, the penetration performance of the residual jet still has the ability to penetrate light armor.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Policy windows for school-based health education about nutrition in Ecuador.

The aim of this study is to identify opportunities in policy framing for critical health education (che) about food and nutrition in ecuadorian schools.The research engages in a dialogue between the perspectives of critical nutrition and political ecology, as it seeks to clarify and develop a critical perspective on health promotion and health education.Critical nutrition studies and political ecology highlight the need to consider and also act upon the broader connections of, and influences on, food and nutrition.In a che approach, students learn to address the wider determinants of health through critical, democratic and collaborative processes, anchored in and supported by the local community.Based on a textual analysis of health, food and education policy documents, the study finds that concrete norms endorse a biomedical stance.Consequently, focus remains on prescribing individual behavior, and schools are regarded as intervention settings, rather than a site for generating change as would be the case of health promotion using a che viewpoint.However, the study finds the possibility for developing a che perspective in the overarching rationale of 'good living', which reaffirms a holistic understanding of health, the need for critical and plural participation and the importance of the community.It is possible that the notion of community participation could facilitate introducing a che approach in ecuadorian schools.

Journal: Health promotion international (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Gut microbiome status of urban and rural Filipino adults in relation to diet and metabolic disorders.

Here, we aim to understand the condition of the gut microbiome of filipino adults in relation to their diet and metabolic status.Compared to rural albay (n = 67), the gut microbiome of subjects living in urban manila (n = 25) was more colonized by the order clostridiales, which was negatively correlated with host carbohydrate consumption.Principal component analysis using the genus composition of the 92 total subjects indicated four microbiome types: one type driven by prevotella, which was associated with high rice consumption and mainly consisted of healthy albay subjects, one clostridiales-driven group containing a number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2d) subjects from both manila and albay who showed lower butyrate levels in association with a decrease in mediterraneibacter faecis, and the other two types showing dysbiosis-like microbiomes with lactobacillus and bifidobacterium overgrowth, with a high ratio of t2d and obese subjects.Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested high dietary energy intake, and two veillonellaeae genera, dialister and megasphaera, as t2d risk factors, while prevotella and m.Faecis as anti-t2d factors.In conclusion, low-carbohydrate diets restructured the prevotella-driven gut microbiome, which may predispose filipino people with high energy diet to t2d.

Journal: FEMS microbiology letters (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Fragment screening and structural analyses highlight the ATP-assisted ligand binding for inhibitor discovery against type 1 methionyl-tRNA synthetase.

Methionyl-t rna synthetase (met rs) charges t rnamet with l-methionine (l-met) to decode the atg codon for protein translation, making it indispensable for all cellular lives.Many gram-positive bacteria use a type 1 met rs (met rs1), which is considered a promising antimicrobial drug target due to its low sequence identity with human cytosolic met rs (hc met rs, which belongs to met rs2).Here, we report crystal structures of a representative met rs1 from staphylococcus aureus (sa met rs) in its apo and substrate-binding forms.The connecting peptide (cp) domain of sa met rs differs from hc met rs in structural organization and dynamic movement.We screened 1049 chemical fragments against sa met rs preincubated with or without substrate atp, and ten hits were identified.Four cocrystal structures revealed that the fragments bound to either the l-met binding site or an auxiliary pocket near the t rna cca end binding site of sa met rs.Interestingly, fragment binding was enhanced by atp in most cases, suggesting a potential atp-assisted ligand binding mechanism in met rs1.Moreover, co-binding with atp was also observed in our cocrystal structure of sa met rs with a class of newly reported inhibitors that simultaneously occupied the auxiliary pocket, t rna site and l-met site.Our findings will inspire the development of new met rs1 inhibitors for fighting microbial infections.

Journal: Nucleic acids research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Dissolution mechanism of supported phospholipid bilayer in the presence of amphiphilic drug investigated by neutron reflectometry and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring.

The influence and interaction of the ionizable amphiphilic drug amitriptyline hydrochloride (amt) on a 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (dopc) phospholipid bilayer supported on a silica surface have been investigated using a combination of neutron reflectometry and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring.Adding amt solutions with concentrations 3, 12, and 50 m m leaves the lipid bilayer mainly intact and we observe most of the amt molecules attached to the head-group region of the outer bilayer leaflet.Virtually no amt penetrates into the hydrophilic head-group region of the inner leaflet close to the silica surface.By adding 200 m m amt solution, the lipid bilayer dissolved entirely, indicating a threshold concentration for the solubilization of the bilayer by amt.The observed threshold concentration is consistent with the observation that various bilayer structures abruptly transform into mixed amt-dopc micelles beyond a certain amt-dopc composition.Based on our experimental observations, we suggest that the penetration of drug into the phospholipid bilayer, and subsequent solubilization of the membrane, follows a two-step mechanism with the outer leaflet being removed prior to the inner leaflet.

Journal: Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The association between self-Esteem, stigma, and mental health among South African youth living with HIV: the need for integrated HIV care services.

Treatment among p ylhiv focuses on their physical health.However, they also experience depression and anxiety, compounded by developmental challenges and the stress of managing a chronic illness.However, limited services are available to help p ylhiv manage the emotional stressors of living with a stigmatized condition.Data are from 37 caregiver-child dyads in the vuka ekhaya study, in durban, south africa.Outcomes were self-esteem and stigma.Predictors included symptoms of depression and anxiety, and hiv treatment and transmission knowledge.Outcomes and predictors were standardized (mean: 0, standard deviation: 1).Pearson correlation, bivariate and multivariate associations between predictors and outcomes were examined.Self-esteem was negatively correlated with symptoms of anxiety (r=-0.5675; p<0.001) and depression (r=-0.6836; p<0.001), suggesting higher self-concept was correlated with fewer symptoms.In multivariate analyses, increased depressive and anxiety symptoms were associated with lower self-esteem, b=0.68 and 0.57, respectively.Higher depressive and anxiety symptoms connected to more internalized stigma b=0.38 and 0.34, respectively.Conversely, hiv knowledge was not related to self-esteem or stigma.Hiv treatment and transmission knowledge are not enough to reduce stigma and improve the self-esteem of p ylhiv.Integrated mental and physical health care is needed to help p ylhiv manage psychological stressors that can mitigate their emotional wellbeing.

Journal: AIDS care (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Metabolic Remodeling with Hepatosteatosis Induced Vascular Oxidative Stress in Hepatic ERK2 Deficiency Mice with High Fat Diets.

We previously demonstrated the marked hepatosteatosis and endothelial dysfunction in hepatocyte-specific erk2 knockout mice (le2ko) with a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (hfhsd), but detailed metabolic changes and the characteristics in insulin-sensitive organs were not tested.This study aimed to characterize metabolic remodeling with changes in insulin-sensitive organs, which could induce endothelial dysfunction in hfhsd-le2ko.The serum glucose and fatty acid (fa) were modestly higher in hfhsd-le2ko than hfhsd-control.Fa synthesis genes were up-regulated, which was associated with the decreased phosphorylation of ampk and acc, and with the up-regulation of srebp-1 in the liver from hfhsd-le2ko.In fa and amino acids fraction analysis, arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio, l-ornithine/arginine ratio, asymmetric dimethylarginine and homocysteine levels were elevated in hfhsd-le2ko.Insulin-induced phosphorylation of akt was blunted in skeletal muscle.Serum leptin and il-1β were elevated, and serum adiponectin was decreased with the enlargement of epididymal adipocytes.Finally, the enhanced superoxide levels in the aorta, which were blunted with cccp, apocynin, and tempol, were observed in hfhsd-le2ko.A pre-incubation of aortic rings with tempol improved endothelial dysfunction in hfhsd-le2ko.Hfhsd-le2ko revealed an acceleration of fa synthesis in the liver leading to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and the enlargement of visceral adipocytes.Global metabolic remodeling such as changes in arginine metabolism, ω3/ω6 ratio, and adipocytokines, could affect the vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in hfhsd-le2ko.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Haplotype of CaSR gene is associated with risk of renal stone disease in West Indian population.

Calcium is the most abundant metabolite involved in the stone matrix.The ca sr gene controls calcium homeostasis, and genetic variation in the ca sr gene could lead to the development of renal stone disease.Therefore, the current study has been designed to assess the association of genetic variants of ca sr gene polymorphisms with renal stone disease.A single-centric prospective study has been carried out on a total of 300 participants (150 cases and 150 controls).Serum levels of calcium, creatinine, parathyroid hormone, and 24 h urine metabolites were measured.Two polymorphisms, rs1801725 and rs1042636, of the ca sr gene, have been genotyped for each participant.T test, binary logistic regression, and chi-square analysis were used for statistical analysis.Renal stone patients had significantly higher levels of serum parathyroid hormone, creatinine, and 24-h urine metabolites in comparison to the controls.Ca sr gene variants, rs1801725 (gg) and rs1042636 (aa), both have shown significant association with renal stone disease.In addition, individuals having specific genotypes along with metabolic abnormalities such as hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism are found to be at a higher significant risk of developing the renal stone disease.In the present study, the haplotype of the ca sr gene has shown an association with renal stone disease.Individuals with hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia and risk genotype have a higher susceptibility to developing renal stone disease.

Journal: Urolithiasis (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A biophysical and statistical modeling paradigm for connecting neural physiology and function.

To understand single neuron computation, it is necessary to know how specific physiological parameters affect neural spiking patterns that emerge in response to specific stimuli.Here we present a computational pipeline combining biophysical and statistical models that provides a link between variation in functional ion channel expression and changes in single neuron stimulus encoding.More specifically, we create a mapping from biophysical model parameters to stimulus encoding statistical model parameters.Biophysical models provide mechanistic insight, whereas statistical models can identify associations between spiking patterns and the stimuli they encode.We used public biophysical models of two morphologically and functionally distinct projection neuron cell types: mitral cells (mcs) of the main olfactory bulb, and layer v cortical pyramidal cells (pcs).We first simulated sequences of action potentials according to certain stimuli while scaling individual ion channel conductances.We then fitted point process generalized linear models (pp-glms), and we constructed a mapping between the parameters in the two types of models.This framework lets us detect effects on stimulus encoding of changing an ion channel conductance.The computational pipeline combines models across scales and can be applied as a screen of channels, in any cell type of interest, to identify ways that channel properties influence single neuron computation.

Journal: Journal of computational neuroscience (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Blood pressure control measures and cardiovascular outcomes: a prospective hypertensive cohort.

We investigated whether blood pressure (bp) control measures, visit-to-visit bp variability, and time in therapeutic range (ttr) are associated with future cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients.Materials and methods among 1,408 hypertensive patients without cardiovascular disease, we prospectively evaluated the incident major cardiovascular events over 6 years.In newly diagnosed patients, antihypertensive drug treatment was initiated.We estimated two markers of on-treatment bp control, (1) visit-to-visit bpv as the coefficient of variation of office systolic bp (bp-cv), and (2) ttr calculated as the percentage of office systolic bp measurements within 120-140mm hg across visits.Results the hypertensive cohort (672 males, mean age 60 years, 31% newly diagnosed) had a mean systolic/diastolic bp of 142/87 mm hg.The mean number of visits was 4.9 ± 2.6, while the mean attained systolic/diastolic bp during follow-up was 137/79 mm hg using 2.7 ± 1.1 antihypertensive drugs.The bp-cv and ttr were 9.1 ± 4.1% and 45 ± 29%, respectively, and the incidence of the composite outcome was 8.3% (n= 117).After adjustment for relevant confounders and standardization to z-scores, bp-cv and ttr were associated with a 43% (95% ci, 27-62%) increase and a 33% (95% ci, 15-47%) reduction in the outcome.However, the joint evaluation of ttr and bp-cv in a common multivariable model indicated that a standardized change of ttr was associated with the outcome to a greater extent than bp-cv (mean hazard ratios of 30% vs.24%, respectively).When combined with the higher bp standardized-cv quartile, the lower ttr quartile predicted the outcome by 2.3 times (95% ci, 1.1-5.4) compared to the inverse ttr and bp-cv quartile pattern.Conclusion high bp-cv or low ttr was associated with future cardiovascular events in a cohort of treated hypertensive patients.As a determinant, the extent of ttr value appears greater than bp-cv when these measures are considered in the same multivariable model.

Journal: Blood pressure (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Nanoconfinement Engineering over Hollow Multi-Shell Structured Copper towards Efficient Electrocatalytical C-C coupling.

Nanoconfinement provides a promising solution to promote electrocatalytic c-c coupling, by dramatically altering the diffusion kinetics to ensure a high local concentration of c1intermediates for carbon dimerization.Herein, under the guidance of finite-element method simulations results, a series of cu2o hollow multi-shell structures (ho mss) with tunable shell numbers were synthesized via ostwald ripening.When applied in co2electroreduction (co2rr), the in situ formed cu ho mss showed a positive correlation between shell numbers and selectivity for c2+products, reaching a maximum c2+faradaic efficiency of 77.0±0.3 % at a conversion rate of 513.7±0.7 m a cm-2in a neutral electrolyte.Mechanistic studies clarified the confinement effect of ho mss that superposition of cu shells leads to a higher coverage of localized co adsorbate inside the cavity for enhanced dimerization.This work provides valuable insights for the delicate design of efficient c-c coupling catalysts.

Journal: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Proposed Environmental Risk Management Elements in a Carpathian Valley Basin, within the Roşia Montană European Historical Mining Area.

Non-ferrous metals mining activities have long accompanied people, and began in the study area of south east europe over 2000 years ago.The environment quality is significantly affected by both historic mining activities and contemporary impacts.All these problems, inducing synergic negative effects on local organism communities, have created a chronic state of pollution.The corna valley has one of the oldest historical human impacts in romania due to the influence of mining.Fish and benthic macroinvertebrates have exhibited significant responses to long term mining effects on lotic systems.The analysis of macroinvertebrate communities, correlated with the lack of fish and some biotope characteristics, indicates that the corna river presents a variety of categories of ecological status between sectors.The lack of fish reveals the poor ecological conditions.Technical and management solutions are proposed here to diminish the historical environmental problems and to avoid future ecological accidents, especially in an attempt to improve any construction plan concerning a possible new de-cyanidation dam and lake.Fish and benthic macroinvertebrates have exhibited significant responses to long term mining effects on lotic systems.Two management zones were identified, an upper zone which can be used as a reference area and a lower zone, where pollution remedial activities are proposed.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Redox properties of nano-sized biochar derived from wheat straw biochar.

Nano-sized biochar (nbc) has received increasing attention due to its unique physicochemical characteristics and environmental behaviour, but an understanding of its redox properties is limited.Herein, the redox properties of nbc derived from wheat straw were investigated at two pyrolysis temperatures (400 and 700 °c).These nbc materials were prepared from bulk-biochar by grinding, ultrasonication and separation treatments.The resulting nbc had average particle sizes of 78.8 ± 1.9 and 122.0 ± 2.1 nm after 400 and 700 °c treatments, respectively.The physicochemical measurements demonstrated that both the nbc prepared at 400 °c (nbc-400) and the nbc prepared at 700 °c (nbc-700) were enriched in carboxyl and phenolic oxygen-content groups.Electrochemical analyses showed that both nbc-400 and nbc-700 were redox active and had an electron transfer capacity (etc) of 196.57 μmol-1g c-1and 363.47 μmol-1g c-1, respectively.On the basis of its redox activity of nbc, the nbc was capable of mediating the reduction of iron and manganese minerals as well as the degradation of methyl orange (mo) by sulfide.The nbc-700 could stimulate these reactions better than the nbc-400 due to its higher redox activity.Meanwhile, the nbc was more active in stimulating these reactions than bulk-biochar.Our results highlight the importance of size in evaluating the redox reactivity of biochar and related environmental processes and improve our understanding of the redox properties of biochar.

Journal: RSC advances (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article