syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Changes of Intestinal Flora and Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

To explore the changes of intestinal flora and lymphocyte subsets in patients with chronic renal failure (crf).Methods.60 crf patients who were treated from june 2018 to june 2019 were selected; 60 healthy persons were selected as the control group.16s r dna was used to detect the expression of lactobacillus, enterobacteriaceae, enterococcus, bacteroides, clostridium, and bifidobacterium in the feces of the two groups.Illumina miseq sequencing (solexa sequencing technology) method was used to analyze the structural differences and species diversity of intestinal flora, including species richness index (chao) and diversity index (shannon, simpson).Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of lymphocytes and their subgroups of the two groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between chao and lymphocyte subsets.Results.The number of enterobacteriaceae and enterococcus in crf group were higher than those in the control group ( p &lt; 0.05 ), while the lactobacillus, bacteroides, clostridium, and bifidobacterium were opposite ( p &lt; 0.05 ).The simpson index of the crf group was lower than that of the control group, while the chao index and shannon index were opposite ( p &lt; 0.05 ).The levels of cd3+, cd4+, cd8+, and cd4+/cd8+ in the crf group were lower than those in the control group, while the levels of cd14+, cd19+, and cd16+/cd56+ were opposite ( p &lt; 0.05 ).The intestinal flora chao index of crf group was negatively correlated with the levels of cd3+, cd4+, and cd8+ (r = −0.692, p = 0.019 ; r = −0.669, p = 0.021 ; r = −0.603, p = 0.028 ).The intestinal flora chao of crf group is positively correlated with the level of cd14+ and cd16+/cd56+ (r = 0.615, p = 0.026 ; r = 0.758, p = 0.016 ).Conclusion.There are intestinal flora disorder and the imbalance of immune function in crf patients, which are mainly manifested in the change of intestinal flora structure, the increase of richness and diversity of intestinal flora, and the decrease of lymphocyte subgroups.There is correlation between the imbalance of intestinal colony and the imbalance of immune function.

Journal: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2021)
Publication types: Research Article;
Carnosol Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation of Cardiomyoblasts by Inhibiting NF-κB: A Mechanistic in Vitro and in Silico Study

Carnosol possesses several beneficial pharmacological properties.However, its role in lipopolysaccharide (lps) induced inflammation and cardiomyocyte cell line (h9c2) has never been investigated.Therefore, the effect of carnosol and an nf-κb inhibitor bay 11-7082 was examined, and the underlying role of the nf-κb-dependent inflammatory pathway was analyzed as the target enzyme.Cell viability, inflammatory cytokines levels (tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α), interleukin (il)-1β, il-6, and prostaglandin e2 (pge2)), and related gene expression (tnf-α, il-1β, il-6, and cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2)) were analyzed by elisa and real-time pcr.In addition, docking studies analyzed carnosol’s molecular interactions and binding modes to nf-κb and ikk.We report that lps caused the reduction of cell viability while enhancing both cytokines protein and m rna levels ( p &lt; 0.001 , for all cases).However, the bay 11-7082 pretreatment of the cells and carnosol increased cell viability and reduced cytokine protein and m rna levels ( p &lt; 0.001 vs.Lps, for all cases).Furthermore, our in silico analyses also supported the modulation of nf-κb and ikk by carnosol.This evidence highlights the defensive effects of carnosol against sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction and, contextually, paved the rationale for the next in vitro and in vivo studies aimed to precisely describe its mechanism(s) of action.

Journal: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Cardioprotective Activity of Cassia fistula L. Bark Extract in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction Rat Model

Cassia fistula linn, generally recognized as indian laburnum, is one of the ancient trees in the indian subcontinent used for its ornamental and diverse medicinal properties.It is known for its ethnic medicinal uses in inflammatory and infectious pathologies such as antihelmintic, purgative, carminative, antipyretic, expectorant, analgesic, laxative, antiseptic, and antidote against snake poison.The cassia bark is rich in anthraquinones, flavanols glycosides, and sitosterols, which renders it cardioprotective properties.The existing experiments were designed to assess the potential of cassia fistula bark against isoproterenol (isp)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats, which has not been validated yet.The bark was successively extracted with five different solvents, and each extract was subjected to in vitro antioxidant studies.Further acute oral toxicity assays were carried out preceding in vivo myocardial studies.Cardiotoxicity-inducing agent, isp, was administrated to the rats for two consecutive days (8th and 9th).Based on in vitro studies, the cassia fistula methanolic extract (cfme) was administered in two doses: cfme-ld (lower dose 250 mg/kg) and cfme-hd (high dose 500 mg/kg) separately.It was found that cfme produced a substantial decrease in lipid peroxidation and an increase in antioxidants in myocardial tissues.Cfme abrogated the levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol with a decrease in alanine transaminase (alt) and aspartate transaminase (ast) activity in serum at both doses.2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (ttc) staining and histopathology also revealed the protective effects of cfme against isp-induced myocardial infarction.The study showed the significant role of the cfme as a strong antioxidant and cardioprotective action in isp-induced toxicity.

Journal: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Cantharidin Inhibits Proliferation of Liver Cancer by Inducing DNA Damage via KDM4A-Dependent Histone H3K36 Demethylation

To investigate the effect of cantharidin on dna damage in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and its possible mechanism.Methods.Cell proliferation assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d utp nick end labeling (tunel) assay were used to analyze the effects of cantharidin on cell proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.The expression levels of dna damage markers h2ax and p21 were analyzed by q rt-pcr.The expression of kdm4a and h3k36me3 was observed by western blot.The expression of kdm4a was regulated by si rna or plasmid transfection.The effect of kdm4a on dna damage induced by cantharidin in liver cancer was observed after overexpression and addiction of kdm4a.Results.Cantharidin can significantly inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and induce apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Cantharidin enhances the chemotherapy sensitivity of liver cancer by targeting the upregulation of kdm4a and the regulation of dna damage induced by h3k36me3.Overexpression of kdm4a enhances dna damage induced by cantharidin in hcc.Kdm4a silencing attenuated the damage of cantharidin to the dna of hcc cells.Conclusion.Cantharidin can inhibit the growth and promote apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Meanwhile, cantharidin can induce dna damage in hcc cells.Mechanism studies have shown that cantharidin induces dna damage through the demethylation of kdm4a-dependent histone h3k36.

Journal: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Bufei Decoction Improves Lung-Qi Deficiency Syndrome of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Rats by Regulating the Balance of Th17/Treg Cells

Bufei decoction (bfd) has been applied to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) for centuries as a recognized traditional chinese herbal formula.However, mechanisms of bfd on copd are unclear.This study conducts an inquiry into the underlying mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of bfd on copd.A copd rat model with qi deficiency in lungs was established through induction using cigarette and sawdust smoking combined with intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide following bfd treatment for 28 days.Changes in th17/treg cells of copd rats with the syndrome of lung qi deficiency after bfd administration were verified using pulmonary function, elisa, flow cytometry, histopathology, and western blotting assays.The findings showed that bfd protected copd rats from decreased lung function and lung injury.Bfd administration reduced proinflammatory cytokines il-6 and il-17 secretion, promoted inhibitory cytokines il-10 and tgf-β secretion, decreased th17/treg cell ratio, markedly downregulated the th17 cell transcription factor ror-γt expression, and upregulated transcription factor foxp3 expression in treg cells.We speculate that lung tonic soup improved pulmonary qi deficiency in rats with copd by regulating the balance of th17/treg cells.

Journal: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Brain Network for Exploring the Change of Brain Neurotransmitter 5-Hydroxytryptamine of Autism Children by Resting-State EEG

The study was aimed at understanding the brain network and the change rule of brain neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) in autism children through resting-state electroencephalogram (eeg).20 autistic children in hospital were selected and defined as the observation group.Meanwhile, 20 healthy children were defined as the control group.Eeg signals were collected for the two groups.Fuzzy c-means (fcm) algorithm was used to extract features of eeg signals, and dtf was applied for the causal association between multichannel eeg signals.The two groups were compared for the average function value and regional efficiency of the brain neurotransmitter 5-ht.The results showed that the classification accuracy of frontal f7 channel, left frontal fp1 channel, and temporal t6 channel was 95.2%, 95.3%, and 91.2%, respectively.The average of high beta frequency band, low beta frequency band, theta frequency band, and alpha frequency band in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group under the optimal threshold ( p &lt; 0.05 ).Compared with normal subjects (34.27), the average function of 5-ht in the brain was 20.13 in patients with low function and 45.74 in patients with hyperfunction.In conclusion, fcm algorithm can feature extraction of eeg signals, especially in the frontal f7 channel, the left frontal fp1 channel, and the temporal t6 channel, which has high classification accuracy and can well express the eeg signals of autistic children.The level of 5-ht in autistic children is lower than that in healthy people, and it is closely related to loneliness and depression.

Journal: Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Berberine Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Replication in HEK293T Cells

Berberine exhibits polytrophic medicinal roles in various diseases and is safe and effective.However, its role and the underlying mechanism in the replication of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) remain unreported.This research aimed to determine the functional mechanisms of berberine on hsv-1 infection.We determined the cc50 ( 405.11 ± 15.67 μm) and ic50 ( 45.6 ± 6.84 μm) of berberine on hek293t cells infected with hsv-1.Berberine inhibited the transcription and translation of hsv-1 activity-related genes (g d, icp-4, icp-5, and icp-8) in hsv-1-infected hek293t cells dose-dependently.Berberine also inhibited the phosphorylation of mapk proteins (jnk and p38) and inflammatory responses induced by hsv-1 infection in hek293t cells dose-dependently.In conclusion, berberine attenuates hsv-1 replication through its activity, infective ability, and inflammatory response.Our research indicated that berberine may be a candidate drug for hsv-1 infection.

Journal: Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Automatic Detection of High-Frequency Oscillations Based on an End-to-End Bi-Branch Neural Network and Clinical Cross-Validation

Accurate identification of high‐frequency oscillation (hfo) is an important prerequisite for precise localization of epileptic foci and good prognosis of drug‐refractory epilepsy.Exploring a high‐performance automatic detection method for hfos can effectively help clinicians reduce the error rate and reduce manpower.Due to the limited analysis perspective and simple model design, it is difficult to meet the requirements of clinical application by the existing methods.Therefore, an end‐to‐end bi‐branch fusion model is proposed to automatically detect hfos.With the filtered band‐pass signal (signal branch) and time‐frequency image (tfpic branch) as the input of the model, two backbone networks for deep feature extraction are established, respectively.Specifically, a hybrid model based on res net1d and long short‐term memory (lstm) is designed for signal branch, which can focus on both the features in time and space dimension, while a res net2d with a convolutional block attention module (cbam) is constructed for tfpic branch, by which more attention is paid to useful information of tf images.Then the outputs of two branches are fused to realize end‐to‐end automatic identification of hfos.Our method is verified on 5 patients with intractable epilepsy.In intravalidation, the proposed method obtained high sensitivity of 94.62%, specificity of 92.7%, and f1‐score of 93.33%, and in cross‐validation, our method achieved high sensitivity of 92.00%, specificity of 88.26%, and f1‐score of 89.11% on average.The results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing detection paradigms of either single signal or single time‐frequency diagram strategy.In addition, the average kappa coefficient of visual analysis and automatic detection results is 0.795.The method shows strong generalization ability and high degree of consistency with the gold standard meanwhile.Therefore, it has great potential to be a clinical assistant tool.

Journal: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience (2021)
Publication types: Research Article;
Association of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway Activity with Proinflammatory Factors and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (cap) has been shown to modulate cytokine release by activating alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7n ach r) in monocytes/macrophages.However, their association with proinflammatory factors and prognosis in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) has not been clarified.Here, we explored the correlation between cap activity, proinflammatory factors, and the prognosis of ards patients.Methods.The data of patients with ards (n = 65; underwent treatment) and healthy individuals (the control group; n = 65; underwent routine physical examination) at the chongqing people's hospital were investigated.Based on the survival status, ards patients were divided into a death ards group (n = 22) and a survival ards group (n = 43), and based on the diagnostic criteria of ards, the patients were also divided into a severe ards group (n = 30) and a mild-to-moderate ards group (n = 35).The levels of acetylcholine (ach), acetylcholinesterase (ach e), and α7n ach r m rna in peripheral blood monocytes were assessed.The levels of tnf-α and il-6 in peripheral serum and peripheral monocytes were detected by elisa and western blot tests.The association between α7n ach r and inflammatory factors and prognosis was analyzed.The receiver-operating characteristic (roc) curve was used to evaluate the reliability of cap-related factors in predicting the survival status of ards patients.Results.Compared with the control group, the levels of ach, ach e, and α7n ach r m rna of the ards group were significantly decreased.And, the ach, ach e, and α7n ach r m rna levels in the death/severe ards group were significantly lower than in the survival/mild-to-moderate ards group.However, the levels of tnf-α and il-6 were significantly higher in the severe/death ards group.Furthermore, we observed that cap-related factors were negatively correlated with the levels of il-6 and tnf-α in peripheral serum in the ards group.The roc curve showed that cap-related factors were reliable markers for predicting the survival status of ards patients.Conclusion.The related factors of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway were significantly decreased in patients with ards, suggesting the ach, ach e, and α7n ach r levels as potential indicators to evaluate the severity and prognosis status of ards patients.

Journal: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Curative Effect of Early Full Nursing Combined with Postdischarge Continuation Nursing on Patients after Craniocerebral Trauma

Early full nursing helps patients with some dysfunctions speed up the reorganization of central nervous system functions and coordinate muscle and limb activities.Postdischarge continuation nursing for patients who have not fully recovered after being discharged from the hospital can transfer nursing work from the hospital to the family to meet their nursing needs.In this study, early full nursing combined with postdischarge continuation nursing was used for patients with traumatic brain injury to explore its efficacy and its impact on patients' motor function, quality of life, and complications.The results of the study show that the total effective rate of the observation group (95.92%) was higher than that of the control group (85.71%).At discharge and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge, the upper limb fugl-meyer score, lower limb fugl-meyer score, arat score, fim score, 4 dimensions of gqoli-74 score, and barthel index scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group in the same period.The postoperative complication rate (10.20%) of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (26.53%).Early full nursing combined with postdischarge continuation nursing can improve the rehabilitation effect, effectively promote the recovery of motor function in patients with traumatic brain injury, improve the quality of life, and reduce postoperative complications.

Journal: Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2021)
Publication types: Clinical Study;
Balance Analysis of Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Logistic Regression Equation

This paper analyzes the factors of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and puts forward a balanced analysis of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus based on logistic regression equation.A total of 1192 eligible patients were selected as the study subjects.All selected patients underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test to measure fasting blood glucose and insulin and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial insulin, as well as neuroelectrophysiological examination.The results showed that the or values of age, course of disease, fingertip blood glucose immediately after admission, and 2-hour blood glucose were greater than 1, and the p values were all less than 0.05, which were the risk factors of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Or value of β cell function index (hbci) is less than 1.P is less than 0.05, and it is a protective factor of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Laboratory indicators are as follows: 75 g ogtt: 0-hour blood glucose, 2-hour blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin; serum creatinine; glutamate transaminase; fibrinogen; ten items of hemoglobin; and indexes reflecting islet function: islet β is thin, and there are significant differences in cell function index, insulin resistance index, and insulin secretion index between the non-dpn group and dpn group.Age, course of disease, fingertip blood glucose immediately after admission, and blood glucose within 2 hours after admission were the risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Islet β cell function index (hbci) is a protective factor of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Journal: Scanning (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Computational Intelligence-Based Method for Automated Identification of COVID-19 and Pneumonia by Utilizing CXR Scans

Chest x-ray (cxr) scans are emerging as an important diagnostic tool for the early spotting of covid and other significant lung diseases.The recognition of visual symptoms is difficult and can take longer time by radiologists as cxr provides various signs of viral infection.Therefore, artificial intelligence-based method for automated identification of covid by utilizing x-ray images has been found to be very promising.In the era of deep learning, effective utilization of existing pretrained generalized models is playing a decisive role in terms of time and accuracy.In this paper, the benefits of weights of existing pretrained model vgg16 and inception v3 have been taken.Base model has been created using pretrained models (vgg16 and inception v3).The last fully connected (fc) layer has been added as per the number of classes for classification of cxr in binary and multi-class classification by appropriately using transfer learning.Finally, combination of layers is made by integrating the fc layer weights of both the models (vgg16 and inception v3).The image dataset used for experimentation consists of healthy, covid, pneumonia viral, and pneumonia bacterial.The proposed weight fusion method has outperformed the existing models in terms of accuracy, achieved 99.5% accuracy in binary classification over 20 epochs, and 98.2% accuracy in three-class classification over 100 epochs.

Journal: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Bayesian Analysis of Cancer Data Using a 4-Component Exponential Mixture Model

Cancer is among the major public health problems as well as a burden for pakistan.About 148,000 new patients are diagnosed with cancer each year, and almost 100,000 patients die due to this fatal disease.Lung, breast, liver, cervical, blood/bone marrow, and oral cancers are the most common cancers in pakistan.Perhaps smoking, physical inactivity, infections, exposure to toxins, and unhealthy diet are the main factors responsible for the spread of cancer.We preferred a novel four-component mixture model under bayesian estimation to estimate the average number of incidences and death of both genders in different age groups.For this purpose, we considered 28 different kinds of cancers diagnosed in recent years.Data of registered patients all over pakistan in the year 2012 were taken from globocan.All the patients were divided into 4 age groups and also split based on genders to be applied to the proposed mixture model.Bayesian analysis is performed on the data using a four-component exponential mixture model.Estimators for mixture model parameters are derived under bayesian procedures using three different priors and two loss functions.Simulation study and graphical representation for the estimates are also presented.It is noted from analysis of real data that the bayes estimates under linex loss assuming jeffreys’ prior is more efficient for the no.Of incidences in male and female.As far as no.Of deaths are concerned again, linex loss assuming jeffreys’ prior gives better results for the male population, but for the female population, the best loss function is self assuming jeffreys’ prior.

Journal: Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine (2021)
Publication types: Clinical Study;