syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
From DYMUS to DYPARK: Validation of a Screening Questionnaire for Dysphagia in Parkinson's Disease.

Dysphagia is a common debilitating symptom in people with parkinson's disease (pd), adequate screening of swallowing disorders is fundamental.The dymus questionnaire has shown very good characteristics for the screening of dysphagia in multiple sclerosis, and it might also prove useful for screening dysphagia in pd.The primary aim was to test and validate the dymus questionnaire in pd patients.This is an observational multicentric study involving 103 patients affected by pd.All subjects filled in the dymus and the eating assessment tool (eat-10) questionnaires.A subgroup of patients (n = 53) underwent a fiber-optic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (fees) and their dysphagia was scored by means of the dysphagia outcome severity scale (doss).Dymus showed a relatively high level of internal consistency (cronbach's alpha 0.79).A significant positive correlation was found between the dymus and the eat-10 scores (p < 0.001), while a negative correlation was found between the dymus and the doss scores (p < 0.001).Dymus showed a good sensitivity and specificity compared to fees for detecting dysphagia (area under the curve: 0.82, p < 0.001).The roc curve analysis showed that a dymus score ≥ 6 represents a reliable cut-off for the risk of dysphagia.The dymus questionnaire proved to be a reliable screening tool to detect dysphagia in patients suffering from pd.It is easy to understand, it can be self-administered and therefore adequate for adoption in the clinical practice with the more convenient name of dypark.

Journal: Dysphagia (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MicroRNA-29a attenuates CD8 T cell exhaustion and induces memory-like CD8 T cells during chronic infection.

Cd8 t cells mediate protection against intracellular pathogens and tumors.However, persistent antigen during chronic infections or cancer leads to t cell exhaustion, suboptimal functionality, and reduced protective capacity.Despite considerable work interrogating the transcriptional regulation of exhausted cd8 t cells (tex), the posttranscriptional control of tex remains poorly understood.Here, we interrogated the role of micro rnas (mi rs) in cd8 t cells responding to acutely resolved or chronic viral infection and identified mi r-29a as a key regulator of tex.Enforced expression of mi r-29a improved cd8 t cell responses during chronic viral infection and antagonized exhaustion.Mi r-29a inhibited exhaustion-driving transcriptional pathways, including inflammatory and t cell receptor signaling, and regulated ribosomal biogenesis.As a result, mi r-29a fostered a memory-like cd8 t cell differentiation state during chronic infection.Thus, we identify mi r-29a as a key regulator of tex and define mechanisms by which mi r-29a can divert exhaustion toward a more beneficial memory-like cd8 t cell differentiation state.

Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A substantial number of patients with rest pain, ulceration or gangrene are unable to undergo current non-invasive perfusion testing-Could another modality be utilised?

Rest pain, ulceration and gangrene are hallmark features of chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (clti).Wound healing can be challenging, and this is compounded by an inability to measure lower limb perfusion via non-invasive tools such as toe pressure (tp).Novel perfusion tests, such as pedal acceleration time (pat), may overcome some limitations.This study aimed to quantify the proportion of patients with clti that were unable to undergo tp measurement.Over a three-year duration, 344 consecutive patients with clti underwent pat assessment (403 limbs).Overall, 32% of limbs were unable to undergo first toe tp, and 12.9% were unable to undergo first and second toe tp due to forefoot/digit amputation or tissue loss.Inability to measure first toe tp disproportionately impacted clti patients with diabetes compared to patients without diabetes (39.6% limbs (106/268); vs.17% limbs (23/135); p < 0.001).Novel modalities may provide a useful tool for assessing perfusion in clti.

Journal: Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effects of Heat Stress on Follicular Physiology in Dairy Cows.

Follicular organization starts during mid-to-late fetal life with the formation of primordial follicles.The bilateral interplay between the oocyte and adjoining somatic cells during follicular growth and ovulation may be sensitive to heat stress (hs).Mechanisms giving rise to pre-ovulatory temperature gradients across reproductive tissues are mostly regulated by the pre-ovulatory follicle, and because the cooling of the gonads and genital tract depends on a counter-current transfer system of heat, hs may be considered a major factor impairing ovulation, fertilization and early embryo development.There is evidence of a long-lasting influence of hs on oogenesis and final follicular maturation.Follicular stages that are susceptible to hs have not been precisely determined.Therefore, the aim of this review was to describe the influence of hs during the staged follicular development in dairy cattle, from the activation of primordial follicles to ovulation.Some clinical prospects are also considered.

Journal: Animals : an open access journal from MDPI (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
The effects of resveratrol supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Uncertainty remains about the estimates of the effects for resveratrol supplementation, including the certainty of the evidence for each estimate and the magnitude of the observed impact based on the minimal important difference.Objective we aimed to provide an overview of the effects of resveratrol supplementation, in comparison to control groups, for the management of cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (t2d), metabolic syndrome (met s), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld).Methods pub med, scopus, and isi web of science were searched from inception to may 2021.For each meta-analysis, the mean difference and its 95% ci were recalculated using a random-effects model.The certainty of evidence was rated using the grade (grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation) approach.Results we identified 11 meta-analyses corresponding to 29 outcomes in 1476 individuals with t2d, 17 meta-analyses reporting 26 outcomes in 727 participants with the met s, and 10 meta-analyses reporting 24 outcomes in 271 patients with nafld.Resveratrol supplementation had beneficial effects on some outcomes such as blood pressure, lipid profile, glycemic control, and insulin resistance in t2d, waist circumference in met s, and body-weight and inflammation markers in nafld; however, for almost all outcomes, the magnitude of the effect was trivial, the certainty of evidence was very low to low, or the number of trials was too few.In the case of glycated hemoglobin (hb a1c), there was evidence that resveratrol can exert favorable and clinically important effects in the short term (<12 wk; mean difference: -1.05%, 95% ci: -2.09%, -0.02%; n = 6; grade = moderate).Conclusions current evidence does not support supplementation with resveratrol for the management of cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with t2d, met s, and nafld.In the case of hb a1c, subject to the limitations such as short-term follow-up and small sample size, there was a clinically important effect.The protocol of the present systematic review was registered in open science framework ( registration

Journal: The American journal of clinical nutrition (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Systematic Review
Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations.

Hyperthermia is an internal body temperature increase above 40.5 °c; normally internal body temperature is kept constant through natural homeostatic mechanisms.Heat-related illnesses occur due to exposure to high environmental temperatures in conditions in which an organism is unable to maintain adequate homeostasis.This can happen, for example, when the organism is unable to dissipate heat adequately.Heat dissipation occurs through evaporation, conduction, convection, and radiation.Heat disease exhibits a continuum of signs and symptoms ranging from minor to major clinical pictures.Minor clinical pictures include cramps, syncope, edema, tetany, and exhaustion.Major clinical pictures include heatstroke and life-threatening heat stroke and typically are expressed in the presence of an extremely high body temperature.There are also some categories of people at greater risk of developing these diseases, due to exposure in particular geographic areas (e.g., hot humid environments), to unchangeable predisposing conditions (e.g., advanced age, young age (i.e., children), diabetes, skin disease with reduced sweating), to modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcoholism, excessive exercise, infections), to partially modifiable risk factors (obesity), to certain types of professional activity (e.g., athletes, military personnel, and outdoor laborers) or to the effects of drug treatment (e.g., beta-blockers, anticholinergics, diuretics).Heat-related illness is largely preventable.

Journal: Biomedicines (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Mechanisms of Tolerance and Resistance to Chlorhexidine in Clinical Strains ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeProducers of Carbapenemase: Role of New Type II Toxin-Antitoxin System, PemIK.

Although the failure of antibiotic treatment is normally attributed to resistance, tolerance and persistence display a significant role in the lack of response to antibiotics.Due to the fact that several nosocomial pathogens show a high level of tolerance and/or resistance to chlorhexidine, in this study we analyzed the molecular mechanisms associated with chlorhexidine adaptation in two clinical strains of klebsiella pneumoniaeby phenotypic and transcriptomic studies.These two strains belong to st258-kpc3 (high-risk clone carrying β-lactamase kpc3) and st846-oxa48 (low-risk clone carrying β-lactamase oxa48).Our results showed that the k.Pneumoniae st258-kpc3ca and st846-oxa48ca strains exhibited a different behavior under chlorhexidine (chlx) pressure, adapting to this biocide through resistance and tolerance mechanisms, respectively.Furthermore, the appearance of cross-resistance to colistin was observed in the st846-oxa48ca strain (tolerant to chlx), using the broth microdilution method.Interestingly, this st846-oxa48ca isolate contained a plasmid that encodes a novel type ii toxin/antitoxin (ta) system, pem i/pem k.We characterized this pem i/pem k ta system by cloning both genes into the iptg-inducible p ca24n plasmid, and found their role in persistence and biofilm formation.Accordingly, the st846-oxa48ca strain showed a persistence biphasic curve in the presence of a chlorhexidine-imipenem combination, and these results were confirmed by the enzymatic assay (wst-1).

Journal: Toxins (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Discrete mathematics as a resource for developing scientific activity in the classroom.

In this paper we present a theoretical discussion on how problems issued from discrete mathematics can develop the attitudes, skills, and knowledge required for scientific mathematical activity in the classroom.We do so via the research situation for the classroom model by performing mathematical and didactical analyses of a problem issued from discrete geometry, and we present the results of a preliminary experiment conducted with chilean students between the ages of 11 and 13.Our chosen problem asked students to tile a fixed square with a finite number of smaller squares.From the theoretical analysis and the preliminary experimentation, we conclude that this problem, and problems issued from discrete mathematics in general, can induce genuine mathematical activity in lower-secondary school students.In particular, we conclude that this problem is effective in developing the knowledge, skills and attitudes advocated in the chilean mathematics curriculum.

Journal: ZDM : the international journal on mathematics education (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Determinants of Schistosoma mansoni transmission in hotspots at the late stage of elimination in Egypt.

In certain settings, the prevalence and severity of schistosoma infection do not lessen despite repeated rounds of preventative chemotherapy; these areas are known as hotspots.This study aimed to investigate the role of human practices, besides environmental and malacological factors, in the maintenance of the schistosoma mansoni infection transmission chain in hotspot areas in egypt.Methods this cross-sectional study was conducted between july and november 2019 in kafr el-sheikh governorate, egypt.A pre-designed structured interviewing questionnaire was used to collect humanitarian data.Stool samples were collected from children aged 6-15 years on three successive days and examined using the kato-katz technique.Simultaneously, water and snail samples were taken from watercourses surrounding houses.Snails were identified based on their shell morphology and structure and tested for cercaria shedding.Water samples were analyzed for their physicochemical and biological characteristics.Results a total of 2259 fecal samples (1113 in summer and 1146 in fall) were collected from 861 children.About 46.9% of the participants were males, and 31.8% were aged 6-10 years.The prevalence of s.Mansoni infection was higher during the summer than during the fall (19.1% vs 7.2%, respectively, p < 0.01).The intensity of infection (light, moderate, and heavy) during summer versus fall was (93.55 vs 89.38%, 6.45 vs 8.85%, and 0.00% vs 1.77%), respectively (p < 0.05).A higher prevalence of human infection was observed among males than females [or = 1.63, 95% confidence interval (ci):1.10-2.40, p = 0.015], children aged 11-15 years than among their counterparts aged 6-10 years (or = 2.96, 95% ci: 1.72-5.06, p < 0.001), and mothers with a low level of education (or = 3.33, 95% ci: 1.70-6.52, p < 0.001).The main identified risk factors were contacting the main body of water-canal for washing clothes (or = 1.81, 95% ci: 1.12-2.49, p = 0.015), land irrigation (or = 2.56, 95% ci: 1.32-4.96, p = 0.004), water collection (or = 2.94, 95% ci: 1.82-4.73, p < 0.001), bathing (or = 2.34, 95% ci: 1.21-4.31, p = 0.009), and garbage disposal (or = 2.38, 95% ci:1.38-4.12, p < 0.001).The count of biomphalaria alexandrina was distinct between seasons (p < 0.01) in consistent with statistically significant differences in water temperature, salinity, turbidity, the total concentration of coliforms, depth, velocity, and water level (p < 0.01).The presence of grasses and duckweeds was significantly associated with snail infection (p = 0.00 l).Significant effects of water depth, p h, temperature, and total dissolved solids on snail count were also observed (p < 0.05).Conclusions the persistence of the infection is due to adoption of risky behaviors and environmental factors that enhance snail survival and infection.Schistosomiasis elimination in hotspots requires an integrated control approach that combines preventive chemotherapy with other complementary measures.

Journal: Infectious diseases of poverty (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Synthesis of anisotropic colloids with concave and convex structures.

Anisotropic colloidal particles with concave and convex structures are useful in both theoretical studies and applications.In this work, we mass-produced polystyrene (ps) colloidal particles with multiple concavities through dispersion polymerization techniques.By increasing the delayed feeding timetdof the cross-linker divinylbenzene (dvb), the morphological evolution of particles can be classified into two stages, during which the formation of different concavities is consistent with either the buckling mechanism or phase separation mechanism.By varying the dvb dosage, we found that the size of the big chamber formed on the particle surfaces decreases as the dvb dosage increases.Then, using these concave particles as seeds, 2-5 μm anisotropic colloids with various shapes, including spherical, ellipsoidal, snowman and multi-protrusion, were synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization.Moreover, our results show that both the chambers and long narrow ditches on the surface of seeds can be the active sites for monomers to gather and polymerize, but monomers in the big chamber have a priority to polymerize first when big and small concavities both exist on seeds.The results of this study could mean great potential in synthesizing a variety of anisotropic particles with well-controlled concave morphologies.

Journal: Soft matter (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Rigor and reproducibility instruction in academic medical libraries.

Concerns over scientific reproducibility have grown in recent years, leading the national institutes of health (nih) to require researchers to address these issues in research grant applications.Starting in 2020, training grants were required to provide a plan for educating trainees in rigor and reproducibility.Academic medical centers have responded with different solutions to fill this educational need.As experienced instructors with expertise in topics relating to reproducibility, librarians can play a prominent role in providing trainings, classes, and events to educate investigators and trainees, and bolstering reproducibility in their communities.Case presentations this special report summarizes efforts at five institutions to provide education in reproducibility to biomedical and life sciences researchers.Our goal is to expand awareness of the range of approaches in providing reproducibility services in libraries.Conclusions reproducibility education by medical librarians can take many forms.These specific programs in reproducibility education build upon libraries' existing collaborations, with funder mandates providing a major impetus.Collaborator needs shaped the exact type of educational or other reproducibility support and combined with each library's strengths to yield a diversity of offerings based on capacity and interest.As demand for and complexity of reproducibility education increases due to new institutional and funder mandates, reproducibility education will merit special attention.

Journal: Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone-co-glycolide)-Based Nanoparticles as Delivery Platform: Effect of the Surfactants on Characteristics and Delivery Efficiency.

Polymeric nanoparticles made of the copolymer poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone-co-glycolide) were prepared using the solvent evaporation method.Two different surfactants, polyvinyl alcohol and dextran, and a mixture of the two were employed.The three types of nanoparticles were used as hosting carriers of two chemotherapeutic drugs, the hydrophilic doxorubicin and the hydrophobic sn-38.The morphostructural characterization showed similar features for the three types of nanoparticles, while the drug encapsulation efficiency indicated that the dextran-based systems are the most effective with both drugs.Cellular studies with breast cancer cells were performed to compare the delivery capability and the cytotoxicity profile of the three nanosystems.The results show that the unloaded nanoparticles are highly biocompatible at the administered concentrations and confirmed that dextran-coated nanoparticles are the most efficient vectors to release the two drugs, exerting cytotoxic activity.Pva, on the other hand, shows limited drug release in vitro, probably due to strong interactions with both drugs.Data also show the release is more efficient for doxorubicin than for sn-38; indeed, the doxorubicin ic50value for the dextran-coated nanoparticles was about 35% lower than the free drug.This indicates that these nanocarriers are suitable candidates to deliver hydrophilic drugs while needing further modification to host hydrophobic molecules.

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Effect of Scapular Fixation on Scapular and Humeral Head Movements during Glenohumeral Axial Distraction Mobilization.

And objectives: glenohumeral axial distraction mobilization (gadm) is a usual mobilization technique for patients with shoulder dysfunctions.The effect of scapular fixation on the movement of the scapula and the humeral head during gadm is unknown.To analyze the caudal movement of the humeral head and the rotatory movement of the scapula when applying three different intensities of gadm force with or without scapular fixation.Materials and methods: fifteen healthy subjects (mean age 28 ± 9 years; 73.3% male) participated in the study (twenty-eight upper limbs).Low-, medium- and high-force gadm in open-packed position were applied in scapular fixation and non-fixation conditions.The caudal movement of humeral head was evaluated by ultrasound measurements.The scapular rotatory movement was assessed with a universal goniometer.The magnitude of force applied during gadm and the region (glenohumeral joint, shoulder girdle, neck or nowhere) where subjects felt the effect of gadm mobilization were also recorded.Results: a greater caudal movement of the humeral head was observed in the non-scapular fixation condition at the three grades of gadm (p < 0.008).The rotatory movement of the scapula in the scapular fixation condition was practically insignificant (0.05−0.75°).The high-force gadm rotated scapula 18.6° in non-scapular fixation condition.Subjects reported a greater feeling of effect of the techniques in the glenohumeral joint with scapular fixation compared with non-scapular fixation.Conclusions: the caudal movement of the humeral head and the scapular movement were significantly greater in non-scapular fixation condition than in scapular fixation condition for the three magnitudes of gadm force.

Journal: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Perinatal Depression and Anxiety Symptoms, Parental Bonding and Dyadic Sensitivity in Mother-Baby Interactions at Three Months Post-Partum.

The quality of the early parent-infant relationship is crucial for the child's optimal development, and parental sensitivity plays a key role in early interactions.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of maternal perinatal depression and anxiety symptoms on dyadic sensitivity at three months post-partum, also considering a large set of maternal and infant variables.At the third trimester of pregnancy (t1) and at three months postpartum (t2), 43 primiparous women filled in a set of questionnaires evaluating symptoms of depression (ces-d) or anxiety (stai), the woman's parental bonding experiences (pbi), alexithymia (tas-20), maternal attachment to the baby (pai, mpas) and the perceived social support (mspss).At t2 mothers also completed a questionnaire on infant temperament and took part in the care-index videotaped procedure.Dyadic sensitivity was predicted by higher maternal trait anxiety scores in pregnancy.In addition, the mother's experience of being cared for by her father in childhood was predictive of her infant's lower compulsivity, while paternal overprotection predicted higher unresponsiveness.The results highlight the influence of perinatal maternal psychological well-being and maternal childhood experiences on the quality of the dyadic relationship.The results may be useful to foster mother-child adjustment during the perinatal period.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article