syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Regulating Ruminative Web Browsing Based on the Counterbalance Modeling Approach.

Even though the web environment facilitates our daily life, emotional problems caused by its incompatibility with human cognition are becoming increasingly serious.To alleviate negative emotions during web use, we developed a browser extension that presents memorized product images to users in the form of web advertisements.This system utilizes the cognitive architecture adaptive control of thought-rational (act-r) as a model of human memory and emotion.A heart rate sensor attached to the user modulates the act-r model parameters, and the emotional states represented by the model are synchronized (following the chameleon effect) or counterbalanced (following the homeostasis regulation) with the physiological state of the user.An experiment demonstrates that the counterbalanced model suppresses negative ruminative web browsing.The authors claim that this approach, utilizing a cognitive model, is advantageous in terms of explainability.

Journal: Frontiers in artificial intelligence (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Startup Ethics: Ethically Responsible Conduct of Scientists and Engineers at Theranos.

Studies of ethical challenges that can confront practicing scientists and engineers in the entrepreneurial stage of the overarching research-and-innovation process are virtually non-existent.This paper explores ethical challenges that arose at a specific entrepreneurial startup: theranos, the defunct blood-testing company.The fundamental ethical responsibilities of scientists and engineers (ferses) offer a framework useful for evaluating the conduct of practicing scientists and engineers from an ethical responsibility perspective.Questionable conduct by theranos's former top managers has been widely discussed.However, the fact that a number of theranos scientists and engineers responded to ethical challenges in several phases of the innovation/entrepreneurial stage with ethically responsible conduct has gone largely unrecognized.Ten mini cases involving these practitioners are discussed.Their deeds reflect different harm-prevention strategies.The theranos case suggests several ethics-related takeaways for scientists and engineers who work or may work in technical startups.Familiarity with the ferses and knowledge of the ethical challenges, ethically responsible conduct, and harm-prevention strategies exhibited in the theranos case provide valuable intellectual resources for startup scientists and engineers who aspire to be ethically responsible professionals.

Journal: Science and engineering ethics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Gender Differences in the Prediction of Alcohol Intoxication among Adolescents.

Alcohol is one of the most commonly consumed substances in adolescence and can lead to many (mental) health problems.This study aimed to examine social determinants related to family, peers and school achievement as risk factors for alcohol intoxication (ai) among adolescents and to examine whether these risk factors differ in their prediction of ai concerning potential gender differences.Methods the data used in this study were obtained from the cross-sectional "european school survey project on alcohol and other drugs" and involved 2558 participants who were turning 16 in the year of the research.Multinomial and binary logistic regressions were performed for each ai indicator (lifetime, in the last 12 months, in the last 30 days and heavy episodic drinking (hed) in the last 30 days) in relation to gender.Results school achievement, parental knowledge, peer pressure (for alcohol consumption and for ai) were found to be consistent predictors for varying ai among adolescents.High school achievement was found to be a protective factor for all ai indicators explored in our study, regardless of gender.Peer pressure made a more pronounced contribution to ai experience among boys, while parental knowledge demonstrated a more protective nature with regards to ai among girls.Conclusion overall, results indicate that social determinants as predictors of ai among adolescents are consistent across various ai indicators and confirm gender specific predictors for ai.These findings indicate the possible benefit of involving parents in preventive programs and of using a gender perspective regarding observed differences.

Journal: Substance use & misuse (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Single center retrospective analysis of fifty-two prostate cancer patients with customized MR-guided transurethral ultrasound ablation (TULSA).

S mr-guided transurethral ultrasound ablation (tulsa) has primarily been investigated for whole-gland prostate ablation, even though the technology is also well-suited for partial gland treatment.The objectives were to perform a clinical service evaluation of partial to whole-gland tulsa for patients with localized prostate cancer (ca p).Tulsa was also evaluated as a combined therapy for a subset of patients presenting with both cancer and concurrent benign prostate hyperplasia (bph).Subjects and methods this retrospective, consecutive clinical service evaluation included men with histopathologically-confirmed ca p who underwent tulsa either as primary or salvage treatment.The planned ablation was dependent on the individual tumor characteristics, concurrent bph and patient preferences.The clavien-dindo classification was used to record complications.Surgeon-assessed functional outcomes were reported.Early treatment success was defined by negative multiparametric mri (mp mri) and lack of prostate specific antigen (psa) recurrence.Results fifty-two consecutive patients (47 treatment-naïve and 5 salvage) were included, with median follow-up of sixteen months and a max of thirty-six months.Baseline median (iqr) age and psa were 67 years (63-76) and 8.0 ng/ml (5.2-13), respectively.Two grade iiia adverse events were observed, with no bowel-related complications.For urinary continence outcomes, 1 patient worsened to 1 pad per day.All patients who were previously potent maintained erectile potency.Of the patient subgroup also seeking treatment for bph, 83% reported symptom improvement.Median (iqr) psa nadir after primary treatment was 1.1 ng/ml (0.5-2.1).Early treatment success was 88%.Nine patients underwent a single repeat tulsa.Conclusion customized prostate ablation with tulsa offers flexible ablation according to patients' disease characteristics and treatment expectations, providing favorable safety and promising early mri and psa results.Tulsa is a feasible combination therapy for patients with both cancer and concurrent bph.

Journal: Urologic oncology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Edinger-Westphal peptidergic neurons enable maternal preparatory nesting.

Optimizing reproductive fitness in mammalians requires behavioral adaptations during pregnancy.Maternal preparatory nesting is an essential behavior for the survival of the upcoming litter.Brain-wide immediate early gene mapping in mice evoked by nesting sequences revealed that phases of nest construction strongly activate peptidergic neurons of the edinger-westphal nucleus in pregnant mice.Genetic ablation, bidirectional neuromodulation, and in vitro and in vivo activity recordings demonstrated that these neurons are essential to modulate arousal before sleep to promote nesting specifically.We show that these neurons enable the behavioral effects of progesterone on preparatory nesting by modulating a broad network of downstream targets.Our study deciphers the role of midbrain cart+ neurons in behavioral adaptations during pregnancy vital for reproductive fitness.

Journal: Neuron (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
TarSynFlow, a workflow for bacterial genome comparisons that revealed genes putatively involved in the probiotic character ofShewanella putrefaciensstrain Pdp11.

Probiotic microorganisms are of great interest in clinical, livestock and aquaculture.Knowledge of the genomic basis of probiotic characteristics can be a useful tool to understand why some strains can be pathogenic while others are probiotic in the same species.An automatized workflow called tar syn flow (targeted synteny workflow) has been then developed to compare finished or draft bacterial genomes based on a set of proteins.When used to analyze the finished genome of the probiotic strain pdp11 of shewanella putrefaciensand genome drafts from seven known non-probiotic strains of the same species obtained in this work, 15 genes were found exclusive of pdp11.Their presence was confirmed by pcr using pdp11-specific primers.Functional inspection of the 15 genes allowed us to hypothesize that pdp11 underwent genome rearrangements spurred by plasmids and mobile elements.As a result, pdp11 presents specific proteins for gut colonization, bile salt resistance and gut pathogen adhesion inhibition, which can explain some probiotic features of pdp11.

Journal: PeerJ (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Green recovery or pollution rebound? Evidence from air pollution of China in the post-COVID-19 era.

Under the strict control measures, china has achieved phased victory in combating with the covid-19, production activities have gradually returned to normal.This paper examined whether air pollution was rebounded or realized green recovery in the post-covid-19 era with a dataset of weather normalized pollutant concentrations using difference-in-differences models.Results showed that air pollution experienced a significant decline due to the wide range of control measures.With entering the post-epidemic period, air pollution raised due to the orderly production resumption.Specifically, production resumption increased the pm2.5concentrations of lockdown cities and non-lockdown cities by 43.2% (22.3 μg/m3) and 35.9% (17.3 μg/m3) compared with that in the period of covid-19 breakout.Although the economic activities of china have been gradually recovered, pm2.5concentrations were 8.8-11.2 μg/m3lower than the level of pre-epidemic period.In addition, the environmental effects varied across cities.With the process of production resumption, the pm2.5concentrations of cities with higher gdp, higher secondary industry output, more private cars and higher export volume rebounded less.Most developed cities realized green recovery by economy growth and air quality improvement, such as beijing and shanghai.While cities with heavy industry reflected pollution rebound with slow economy recovery, such as shenyang and harbin.Understanding the environmental effects of control measure and production resumption can provide crucial information for developing epidemic recovery policies and dealing with pollution issues for both china and other countries.

Journal: Journal of environmental management (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive-Behavioral and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on the Quality of Life of Patients With Crohn Disease.

Patients with crohn disease have debilitating psychological symptoms, mental fatigue, and poor quality of life.Psychological intervention may improve these symptoms.Methods we performed a randomized parallel-group physician-blinded trial of cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness-based stress reduction (cobmindex) on quality of life and psychological symptoms in adults with mild-moderate crohn disease.Cobmindex was taught by social workers in one-on-one video conferences over 3 months; quotidian home practice was mandated.Results fifty-five cobmindex and 61 waitlist control patients completed the study; mean age was 33 years and 65% of participants were women.At 3 months, cobmindex patients had significantly reduced disease activity (per harvey-bradshaw index score, c-reactive protein level, and calprotectin level), increased quality of life (short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire [sibdq] score increased from baseline 41 to 50; p p < 0.002) in cobmindex patients between baseline sibdq, gsi, freiburg mindfulness inventory, and functional assessment of chronic illness therapy-fatigue scores with a relative change (baseline to 3 months) of the sibdq score, but none among waitlist patients.Predictors of relative change of the sibdq score in cobmindex patients included the gsi score (90% quantile; coefficient 0.52; p < 0.001), somatization (90%; 0.20; p = 0.001), depression (75%; 0.16; p = 0.03), and phobic anxiety (75%; 0.31; p = 0.008).Conclusions cobmindex was effective in increasing patients' quality of life and reducing psychological symptoms and fatigue.Patients with severe baseline psychological symptoms benefited the most from cobmindex.

Journal: Inflammatory bowel diseases (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS OF THE DYNAMICS AND PREVALENCE OF THE MAIN CLASSES OF CHRONIC NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE WORK INDICATORS OF A MULTIPROFESSIONAL HEALTH CARE FACILITY).

The aim: to conduct an analysis of the dynamics and prevalence of the main classes of chronic non-infectious diseases of the population contingent attached to a multidisciplinary health care institution, to determine the main predictive trends of morbidity for the formation of a strategy for the prevention of the development of these pathologies and their complications.Patients and methods materials and methods: we used methods of structural and logical analysis, bibliosemantic.In the course of the research, we analyzed individual indicators of the health status of patients over 18 years of age, who are attached for medical care to the sis «research and practical center of preventive and clinical medicine» sad, and constructed predictive trends for 5 years.Results results: the conducted retrospective analysis made it possible to state that the health of the adult population, which is attached for medical care to the sis rpcpcm sad during 2009-2021, is stable, without negative dynamics and a forecast expectation of deterioration over the next 5 years, which is confirmed by the analysis of forecast trends of dynamic changes in indicators of general and primary morbidity, as well as the prevalence of diseases.Conclusion conclusions: the stability of the dynamics of indicators of the total incidence of the most common nosological forms of diseases of the main rating classes of diseases indicates the effectiveness of preventive measures, detection of bridges and early diagnosis of diseases among the attached contingent.

Journal: Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Antisense and Gene Therapy Options for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Arising from Mutations in the N-Terminal Hotspot.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd) is a fatal genetic disease affecting children that is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding for dystrophin.In the absence of functional dystrophin, patients experience progressive muscle deterioration, leaving them wheelchair-bound by age 12 and with few patients surviving beyond their third decade of life as the disease advances and causes cardiac and respiratory difficulties.In recent years, an increasing number of antisense and gene therapies have been studied for the treatment of muscular dystrophy; however, few of these therapies focus on treating mutations arising in the n-terminal encoding region of the dystrophin gene.This review summarizes the current state of development of n-terminal antisense and gene therapies for dmd, mainly focusing on exon-skipping therapy for duplications and deletions, as well as microdystrophin therapy.

Journal: Genes (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Photoinduced efficient synthesis of cyanoalkylsulfonylated oxindolesviasulfur dioxide insertion.

A visible-light-promoted radical cascade reaction of n-arylacrylamide and cyclobutanone oxime esters with sulfur dioxide insertion is established.Mainly through the exploration of the visible light wavelength, it is found that the light source has a certain influence on the formation of cyanoalkylsulfonylated oxindoles, furnishing a range of sulfones in good to excellent yields.This protocol presents good functional group compatibility and does not require transition metals, photosensitizers, external bases, or oxidants.

Journal: Organic & biomolecular chemistry (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Dissociative electron attachment to p-fluoranil and p-chloranil.

The processes of formation and decay of negative molecular ions (nmi) of p-fluoranil [2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-benzoquinone (fa)] and p-chloranil [2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (ca)] in the gas phase were investigated.In both cases, long-lived nmis were found in two resonances, at thermal electron energies and in the region of 0.8-0.9 e v, with lifetimes relative to electron ejection of τa∼ 600 μs.The dissociation of molecular nis with the formation of fragment ions [m-cof2]-, [m-co]-, and cl-proceeds at microsecond times, which is confirmed by the registration of the corresponding metastable ions.It is shown that the dependence of the lifetime of mnis on the electron energy can be explained by the presence of a transition state at an energy of ∼0.5 e v.

Journal: The Journal of chemical physics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Maintaining rejected distractors in working memory during visual search depends on search stimuli: Evidence from contralateral delay activity.

The presence of memory for rejected distractors during visual search has been heavily debated in the literature and has proven challenging to investigate behaviorally.In this research, we used an electrophysiological index of working memory (contralateral delay activity) to passively measure working memory activity during visual search.Participants were asked to indicate whether a novel target was present or absent in a lateralized search array with three visual set sizes (2, 4, or 6).If rejected distractors are maintained in working memory during search, working memory activity should increase with the number of distractors that need to be evaluated.Therefore, we predicted the amplitude of the contralateral delay activity would be larger for target-absent trials and would increase with visual set size until wm capacity was reached.In experiment 1, we found no evidence for distractor maintenance in working memory during search for real-world stimuli.In experiment 2, we found partial evidence in support of distractor maintenance during search for stimuli with high target/distractor similarity.In both experiments, working memory capacity did not appear to be a limiting factor during visual search.These results suggest the role of working memory during search may depend on the visual search task in question.Maintaining distractors in working memory appears to be unnecessary during search for realistic stimuli.However, there appears to be a limited role for distractor maintenance during search for artificial stimuli with a high degree of feature overlap.

Journal: Attention, perception & psychophysics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Alkyl Glycerol Ethers as Adaptogens.

Τhis mini-review summarizes the hematopoietic and immunostimulating properties of alkyl glycerol ethers (ags) reported earlier in the literature available to us.The role of ags in the nervous system and aging of the body are also briefly described.We made an attempt to consider the data in terms of adaptation.The hematopoietic, immunostimulating and antioxidant properties of ags in a variety of experimental situations, including stress, as well as the protective action of ags against some adaptation diseases, allow us to consider them as substances that prevent some negative effects of stress and promote adaptation.The new approach to ags as adaptogens seems promising and opens good opportunities for their new application.

Journal: Marine drugs (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The role of sense of coherence and loneliness in borderline personality disorder traits: a longitudinal twin study.

Borderline personality disorder (bpd) implies having problems with identity and relations with other people.However, not much is known about whether these indications of bpd are present in adolescence, i.e., before personality disorders usually are diagnosed.In this study, we examined the prediction of an aspect of identity (i.e., sense of coherence [soc]) and social relations (i.e., perceived loneliness) throughout adolescence on bpd traits in young adulthood.In addition, we examined to what degree the predictive ability could be attributed to genetic and environmental factors.We also examined whether life events in adolescence were related to bpd traits.Methods three thousand three hundred ninety-one twins, consisting of seven national birth cohorts from norway, participated in the study.Soc, loneliness and life events were measured three times throughout adolescence with self-report questionnaires, with 2 years in between measurements.Bpd traits were measured at the end of adolescence around the age of 19 with a structured interview.Regression analyses were performed to examine the prediction of soc, loneliness and life events on bpd traits.Cholesky decomposition models were then used to determine to what degree the associations were due to genetic and environmental influences.Results the prediction of soc and loneliness on bpd traits increased from r = .25 (when measured 6 years prior to the assessment of bpd traits) to r = .45 (when measured shortly before the assessment of bpd traits).In addition, negative life events considered dependent on a person's behavior were related to bpd traits.Negative independent and positive dependent life events did not contribute to the prediction of bpd traits.Cholesky decomposition models showed that soc and loneliness were associated with bpd traits mainly due to shared genetic influences (i.e., the proportion due to genetic influences ranged from 71 to 86%).Adding negative dependent life events to the prediction of bpd traits did not change these percentages.Conclusions these findings indicate that the weaker soc, the stronger feelings of loneliness, and the negative life events associated with bpd traits are mainly consequences of the genetic aspects of bpd traits, rather than having direct effects on levels of bpd symptoms.

Journal: Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article