syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Novel insights into roles of N6-methyladenosine reader YTHDF2 in cancer progression.

N6-methyladenosine (m6a) is the most abundant rna modification.M6a rna methylation is reversible: m6a is installed by "writers", removed by "erasers", and recognized by "readers".Readers are executors to regulate rna metabolism by recognizing specific m6a sites, including rna splicing, export, translation and decay.Ythdf2 is the first identified m6a reader protein.Ythdf2 interacts with m6a-containing transcripts to accelerate the degradation process and regulate various biological processes, such as viral infection, stem cell development and cancer progression.Although there are some reviews about m6a modification in physiological and pathological processes, few reviews focus on roles of ythdf2 in cancers to date.Therefore, in this review, we attempted to systematically summarize m6a reader protein ythdf2: its structure, mechanisms in regulating rna metabolism, roles in cancer progression and potential application for cancer treatment, which might inspire new ideas for m6a research in cancers and provide novel insights into cancer treatment.

Journal: Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Nipple candidiasis and painful lactation: an updated overview.

Nipple pain and discomfort during or after breastfeeding remains one of the most common reasons for premature cessation of lactation among the affected women.The belief that yeasts, and especially candidaspp., are responsible for such symptoms is highly supported by many physicians, midwives, or lactation specialists, but is also viewed with scepticism by other health care providers.The aim of this paper is to provide an updated report of the evidence against, as well as in favour of, the "candidahypothesis".Several studies have documented that lactating women with symptoms such as nipple soreness, with or without radiating breast pain, are more likely to test positive for candidaspp.Than non-symptomatic women.However, its role as an undisputable aetiopathogenic factor for infection in these cases cannot always be established.Physicians should evaluate thoroughly such patients, because early and correct recognition of the underlying problem can prevent phenomena of early weaning.

Journal: Postepy dermatologii i alergologii (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
The economic burden of dementia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): a systematic review.

Introduction more than two-thirds of people with dementia live in low- and middle-income countries (lmics), resulting in a significant economic burden in these settings.In this systematic review, we consolidate the existing evidence on the cost of dementia in lmics.Methods six databases were searched for original research reporting on the costs associated with all-cause dementia or its subtypes in lmics.The national-level dementia costs inflated to 2019 were expressed as percentages of each country's gross domestic product (gdp) and summarised as the total mean percentage of gdp.The risk of bias of studies was assessed using the larg and moss method.Results we identified 14 095 articles, of which 24 studies met the eligibility criteria.Most studies had a low risk of bias.Of the 138 lmics, data were available from 122 countries.The total annual absolute per capita cost ranged from us$590.78 for mild dementia to us$25 510.66 for severe dementia.Costs increased with the severity of dementia and the number of comorbidities.The estimated annual total national costs of dementia ranged from us$1.04 million in vanuatu to us$195 billion in china.The average total national expenditure on dementia estimated as a proportion of gdp in lmics was 0.45%.Indirect costs, on average, accounted for 58% of the total cost of dementia, while direct costs contributed 42%.Lack of nationally representative samples, variation in cost components, and quantification of indirect cost were the major methodological challenges identified in the existing studies.Conclusion the estimated costs of dementia in lmics are lower than in high-income countries.Indirect costs contribute the most to the lmic cost.Early detection of dementia and management of comorbidities is essential for reducing costs.The current costs are likely to be an underestimation due to limited dementia costing studies conducted in lmics, especially in countries defined as low- income.Prospero registration number the protocol was registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews database with registration number crd42020191321.

Journal: BMJ global health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Systematic Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Atrial Fibrillation Better Care Pathway Adherent Care Improves Outcomes in Chinese Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (af) is a complex disease associated with comorbidities and adverse outcomes.The atrial fibrillation better care (abc) pathway has been proposed to streamline the integrated and holistic approach to af care.Objectives this study sought to evaluate patients' characteristics, incidence of adverse events, and impact on outcomes with abc pathway-adherent management.Methods the study included consecutive af patients enrolled in the nationwide, chio teaf registry (44 centers, 20 chinese provinces from october 2014 to december 2018), with available data to evaluate the abc criteria and on the 1-year follow-up.Results a total of 3,520 patients (mean age 73.1 ± 10.4 years, 43% female) were included, of which 1,448 (41.1%) were managed as abc pathway adherent.The latter were younger and had comparable cha2ds2-vasc and lower has-bled (mean 71.7 ± 10.3 years of age vs 74.1 ± 10.4 years of age;p <0.01; 3.54 ± 1.60 vs 3.44 ± 1.70;p =0.10; and 1.95 ± 1.10 vs 2.12 ± 1.20;p <0.01, respectively) scores compared with abc-nonadherent patients.At 1-year follow-up, patients managed adherent to the abc pathway had a lower incidence of the primary composite outcome of all-cause death or any thromboembolic event (1.5% vs 3.6%;p< 0.01) as compared with abc-nonadherent patients.On multivariate analysis, abc pathway-adherent care was independently associated with a lower risk of the composite endpoint (or: 0.51; 95% ci: 0.31-0.84).Conclusions adherence to the abc pathway for integrated care in a contemporary nationwide cohort of chinese af patients was suboptimal.Clinical management adherent to the abc pathway was associated with better outcomes.

Journal: JACC. Asia (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Anticancer Actions of Azurin and Its Derived Peptide p28.

Cancers are a great threat to humans.In cancer therapy, surgical removal of the tumor combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the most routine treatment procedure and usually the most effective.However, radiotherapy and chemotherapy drugs that kill cancer cells efficiently also kill normal cells, thus exhibiting large side effects.Cancer-targeted drugs, which aim to specifically recognize proteins or signaling pathways associated with tumor proliferation and migration, have achieved marked progress in recent years.Azurin is a copper-containing redox protein secreted by pseudomonas aeruginosa.Azurin and its derived peptide p28 preferentially enter a variety of cancer cells and induce apoptosis or cell cycle arrest.Mechanistic studies revealed that azurin and p28 target the p53 and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways as well as other pathways.Two phase i trials of p28 have been carried out, with findings that p28 is safe and exhibits anticancer activity in both adult and pediatric patients.In this review paper, we provide an up-to-date summary of progress on the anticancer mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for azurin and p28.

Journal: The protein journal (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
Consumption of plant extract supplement reduces platelet activating factor-induced platelet aggregation and increases platelet activating factor catabolism: a randomised, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial.

Platelet-activating factor (paf) is a potent mediator of inflammation that plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a dietary supplement containing mainly plant extracts on paf actions and metabolism in healthy volunteers.A double-blind, placebo-controlled, 8 weeks' duration study was performed.Healthy volunteers were randomly allocated into the supplement or the placebo group and fifty-eight of them completed the study.The supplement contained plant extracts (aloe gel, grape juice, polygonum cuspidatum) and vitamins.The activities of paf metabolic enzymes: the two isoforms of acetyl-co a:lyso-paf acetyltransferase, cytidine 5'-diphospho-choline:1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol cholinephosphotransferase (paf-cholinephosphotransferase) and platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase (paf-ah) in leucocytes and lipoprotein associated phospholipase-a2 in plasma were measured along with several markers of endothelial function.Platelet aggregation against paf, adp and thrombin receptor activating peptide was measured in human platelet-rich plasma by light transmission aggregometry.No difference was observed on soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, s p-selectin and il-6 levels at the beginning or during the study period between the two groups.Concerning paf metabolism enzymes' activity, no difference was observed at baseline between the groups.Paf-ah activity was only increased in the supplement group at 4 and 8 weeks compared with baseline levels.In addition, supplement consumption led to lower platelet sensitivity against paf and adp compared with baseline levels.However, a trial effect was only observed when platelets were stimulated by paf.In conclusion, supplementation with plant extracts and vitamins ameliorates platelet aggregation primarily against paf and secondarily against adp and affects paf catabolism by enhancing paf-acetylhydrolase activity in healthy subjects.

Journal: The British journal of nutrition (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Combustion performance and emissions from torrefied and water washed biomass using a kg-scale burner.

This study investigates wastes and biomass as alternative fuels in a kg-scale burner in terms of combustion characteristics and emissions.Water washing, torrefaction, and their combination are used to improve the properties of the wastes and biomass.The air pollutants in the exhaust of the burner are also analyzed.It could be concluded that the reactivity and average heat supply from the pretreatment are improved significantly.The improvement ratio of average heat supply can be up to 103.5 %, stemming from water-soluble ash removal during water washing.Torrefaction can lift the average heat supply due to the increment of fixed carbon content in the fuels, but it reduces the reactivity owing to the decrement of volatile matters.Most of the raw or pretreated materials can be directly combusted, as a result of lower regulated air pollutants (e.g., nox, so2, co) from them than from coal.Water washing can successfully remove chlorine in the wastes by dissolution since most of the chlorine in the wastes are in salt form.The chlorine reduction significantly reduces the hcl concentration (55-58 % reduction efficiency) and the toxicity concentration of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (78-84 %), while torrefaction increases the toxicity concentration owing to the de novo synthesis.

Journal: Journal of hazardous materials (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Genetic characterization of adult-plant resistance to tan spot (syn, yellow spot) in wheat.

Qtl mapping identified key genomic regions associated with adult-plant resistance to tan spot, which are effective even in the presence of the sensitivity gene tsn1, thus serving as a new genetic solution to develop disease-resistant wheat cultivars.Improving resistance to tan spot (pyrenophora tritici-repentis; ptr) in wheat by eliminating race-specific susceptibility genes is a common breeding approach worldwide.The potential to exploit variation in quantitative forms of resistance, such as adult-plant resistance (apr), offers an alternative approach that could lead to broad-spectrum protection.We previously identified wheat landraces in the vavilov diversity panel that exhibited high levels of apr despite carrying the sensitivity gene tsn1.In this study, we characterised the genetic control of apr by developing a recombinant inbred line population fixed for tsn1, but segregating for the apr trait.Linkage mapping using dar tseq markers and disease response phenotypes identified a qtl associated with apr to ptr race 1 (producing ptr tox a- and ptr tox c) on chromosome 2b (qts.313-2b), which was consistently detected in multiple adult-plant experiments.Additional loci were also detected on chromosomes 2a, 3d, 5a, 5d, 6a, 6b and 7a at the seedling stage, and on chromosomes 1a and 5b at the adult stage.We demonstrate that qts.313-2b can be combined with other adult-plant qtl (i.e.Qts.313-1a and qts.313-5b) to strengthen resistance levels.The apr qtl reported in this study provide a new genetic solution to tan spot in australia and could be deployed in wheat cultivars, even in the presence of tsn1, to decrease production losses and reduce the application of fungicides.

Journal: TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Ideal Life's Simple 7 Score Relates to Macrovascular Structure and Function in the Healthy Population.

Cardiovascular health scores, such as life's simple 7 from the american heart association, and the assessment of arterial properties are independently used to determine cardiovascular risk.However, evidence of their association remains scarce, especially in healthy, middle-aged to older populations.Methods a healthy sample of the swiss population aged 50-91 years as part of the com plete cohort study was included.Carotid intima-media thickness (c imt), carotid lumen diameter (c ld), carotid distensibility coefficient (dc), flow-mediated dilation (fmd), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba pwv) were used to determine arterial properties.The life's simple 7 cardiovascular health score was calculated using seven categories (body-mass index, cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin a1c, smoking status, physical activity, and diet).In accordance with the american heart association, for each category, two points were given for an ideal health metric level, intermediate scores one point, and poor scores zero points.Intermediate and ideal health scores corresponded to a total of 5-9 and 10-14 points, respectively.Results a total of 280 participants (50.7% male) were included.After adjusting for age and sex, an ideal health score was associated with lower c imt (-0.038 mm, 95% ci: -0.069 mm--0.007 mm,p= 0.017), lower c ld (-0.28 mm, 95% ci: -0.46 mm--0.11 mm,p= 0.002), and lower ba pwv (-0.05 m/s, 95% ci: -0.08 m/s--0.02 m/s,p= 0.003).No differences were found for fmd and dc.Conclusions even in a healthy sample of middle-aged and older adults, individuals with an ideal cardiovascular health score showed more favorable biomarkers of vascular aging than those with an intermediate score.This stresses the relevance of promoting an optimal lifestyle, even among the healthy population.

Journal: Nutrients (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Statin Therapy in Very Old Patients: Lights and Shadows.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ascvd) are the leading cause of death worldwide.High levels of total cholesterol-and of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in particular-are one of the main risk factors associated with ascvd.Statins are first-line treatment for hypercholesterolemia and have been proven to reduce major vascular events in adults with and without underlying ascvd.Findings in the literature show that statins reduce coronary and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality in middle-aged people, but their benefits in older adults are not as well-established, especially in primary prevention.Furthermore, many particularities must be considered regarding their use in old subjects, such as age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, comorbidities, polypharmacy, and frailty, which decrease the safety and efficacy of statins in this population.Myopathy and a possible higher risk of falling along with cognitive decline are classic concerns for physicians when considering statin use in the very old.Additionally, some studies suggest that the relative risk for coronary events and cardiovascular mortality associated with high levels of cholesterol decreases after age 70, making the role of statins unclear.On the other hand, ascvd are one of the most important causes of disability in old subjects, so cardiovascular prevention is of particular interest in this population in order to preserve functional status.This review aims to gather the current available evidence on the efficacy and safety of statin use in very old patients in both primary and secondary prevention.

Journal: Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Failure to advance migratory phenology in response to climate change may pose a significant threat to a declining Nearctic-Neotropical songbird.

Populations of long-distance migrants that breed in seasonal habitats can be significantly impacted by climate change.We examined the migratory and breeding phenologies of the cerulean warbler (setophaga cerulea), a declining long-distance nearctic-neotropical migrant that breeds in deciduous forests of indiana.Our primary objectives were to determine temporal trends in cerulean warbler migratory timing, and to identify climate variables that explain variation in this species' migratory and breeding phenologies.We reviewed trends in cerulean warbler first arrival to indiana from 1982 to 2019, and compared them to several explanatory climate variables: spring temperature, growing degree days (gdd), north atlantic oscillation (nao) index, and oceanic niño index (oni).We also compared the timing of cerulean warbler first lay dates from 2012 to 2019 with the aforementioned climate variables and annual spring precipitation.Cerulean warblers exhibited a minimal advance in first arrival timing (≤4 days in 38 years).Arrival timing was best predicted by gdd and a null model, but trends in gdd indicate that spring warming in indiana has advanced by a greater margin, approximately 14 days.Climate variables did not predict first lay timing better than a null model.Springtime in indiana is occurring earlier, but cerulean warblers are advancing their migratory timing to a much smaller degree.This failure to adapt may have a detrimental effect on warbler populations if it results in an asynchronization of important biological timings between them and their prey.Further studies of cerulean warbler breeding and prey phenologies are necessary to determine how climate change is impacting this species' reproductive success.

Journal: International journal of biometeorology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The association between three major physiological stress systems and oxidative DNA and lipid damage.

Increased activity of the three major physiological stress systems (immune-inflammatory system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis [hpa-axis], and autonomic nervous system [ans]) is part of the pathophysiology of various somatic and psychiatric diseases.Oxidative damage is a key mechanism in both ageing and disease.Elucidating the relationship between these stress systems and oxidative damage would contribute to the understanding of the role of physiological stress in disease.This study therefore investigates associations between various measures of physiological stress and oxidative dna (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-ohd g) and lipid (f2-isoprostanes) damage.Methods plasma 8-ohd g and f2-isoprostanes were measured using lc-ms/ms in 2858 subjects (aged 18-65).Plasma inflammation markers, salivary cortisol and ans markers (three for each stress system) were determined.Linear regression analyses were adjusted for sociodemographics, sampling factors and medication.Results 8-ohd g was positively associated with all inflammation markers (β=0.047-0.050, p<0.01), evening cortisol (β=0.073, p<0.001), and unexpectedly with low respiratory sinus arrhythmia (rsa) reflecting low ans stress (β=0.073, p<0.001).F2-isoprostanes were associated with higher c-reactive protein (β=0.072, p<0.001), high ans stress reflected in heart rate (β=0.064, p<0.001) and rsa (β=-0.076, p=0.001), but not with cortisol.Analyses investigating the cumulative impact of the stress systems demonstrated that the number of systems with ≥1 marker in the high risk quartile showed a positive linear trend with both 8-ohd g (p=0.030) and f2-isoprostanes (p=0.009).Conclusion this large-scale study showed that markers of inflammation, the hpa-axis and ans are associated with oxidative dna damage.Oxidative lipid damage is associated with inflammation and the ans.Increased physiological stress across systems is associated with increasing oxidative damage in a dose-response fashion.

Journal: Psychoneuroendocrinology (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Rab34 is necessary for early stages of intracellular ciliogenesis.

Primary cilia are sensory organelles present on most vertebrate cells and are critical for development and health.Ciliary dysfunction is associated with a large class of human pathologies collectively known as ciliopathies.These include cystic kidneys, blindness, obesity, skeletal malformations, and other organ anomalies.Using a proximity biotinylation with ift27 as bait, we identified the small guanosine triphosphatase (gtpase) rab34 as a ciliary protein.Rab34 localizes to the centrosomes near the mother centriole, the axoneme of developed cilia, and highly dynamic tubule structures in the centrosomal region.Rab34 is required for cilia formation in fibroblasts, where we find that rab34 loss blocks ciliogenesis at an early step of ciliary vesicle formation.In inner medullary collecting duct (imcd3) epithelial cells, the requirement is more complex, with rab34 needed in cells grown at low density but becoming less important as cell density increases.Ciliogenesis can proceed by an internal pathway where cilia form in the cytoplasm before being displayed on the ciliary surface or cilia can assemble by an external pathway where the centriole docks on the plasma membrane before ciliary assembly.Fibroblasts are thought to use the internal pathway, although imcd3 cells are thought to use the external pathway.However, we find that imcd3 cells can use the internal assembly pathway and significant numbers of internally assembling cilia are observed in low-density cells.Together, our work indicates that rab34 is required for internal assembly of cilia, but not for cilia built on the cell surface.

Journal: Current biology : CB (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't