syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Brilliant circularly polarized γ-ray sources via single-shot laser plasma interaction.

Circularly polarized (cp) γ-ray sources are versatile for broad applications in nuclear physics, high-energy physics, and astrophysics.The laser-plasma based particle accelerators provide accessibility for much higher flux γ-ray sources than conventional approaches, in which, however, the circular polarization properties of the emitted γ-photons are usually neglected.In this letter, we show that brilliant cp γ-ray beams can be generated via the combination of laser plasma wakefield acceleration and plasma mirror techniques.In a weakly nonlinear compton scattering scheme with moderate laser intensities, the helicity of the driving laser can be transferred to the emitted γ-photons, and their average polarization degree can reach ∼61% (20%) with a peak brilliance of ≳1021photons/(s · mm2· mrad2· 0.1% bw) around 1 me v (100 me v).Moreover, our proposed method is easily feasible and robust with respect to the laser and plasma parameters.

Journal: Optics letters (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Examining heterogeneity in depression symptoms and associations with cognition and everyday function in MCI.

Introduction although there is some evidence that different symptoms of depression have differential effects on cognition in older adults, these relationships remain understudied in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (mci).Method older adults (>50 years old) were classified as having mci by alzheimer's disease research centers (adrcs).Exploratory factor analyses and factor mixture modeling were used to determine depression symptom classes.Classes were then compared across different domains of cognition (i.e., memory, attention, language, and executive function) and informant-rated everyday function.Results analyses revealed six, distinct symptom classes (i.e., somatic symptoms, severely depressed, anhedonic symptoms, cognitive symptoms, minimally depressed, and low life satisfaction symptoms).Classes significantly varied on all measures of cognition and everyday function.In particular, the anhedonic class often showed the most substantial decline (on par with the severely depressed class), while the low life satisfaction class often showed the least (on par with the minimally depressed class).Conclusions to our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the relationship between depression symptom profiles and cognitive and everyday function in those with mci.Our findings show that depression symptoms greatly differ in their associations with cognitive and everyday function.It may be beneficial for clinicians to specifically note if patients with mci are reporting anhedonic and somatic symptoms of depression specifically.

Journal: Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Immunohistochemical examination of androgen receptor and estrogen receptor alpha expressions in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia.

In this study, the expression of the androgen receptor (ar) and estrogen receptor alpha (erα) in testicular tissue of male patients with obstructive azoospermia (oa) and non-obstructive azoospermia (noa) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Noa (n = 23) and oa (n = 21) groups were created according to clinical and laboratory archival records.Testicular sperm extraction tissue sections were evaluated according to johnsen's tubular biopsy scoring (jtbs) method.Erα and ar immunostaining results were evaluated semiquantitatively.Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh), luteinizing hormone (lh), testosterone, and estradiol were analyzed.Serum fsh and lh concentrations were greater, and testosterone concentrations were lower than the normal values in the noa group, whereas the oa group revealed normal hormonal values.Serum estradiol concentrations in groups were in the normal range.Jtbss were significantly lower in the noa group.Decreased ar expression and increased erα expression were observed in the noa group compared to the oa group.This suggests that erα and ar are expressed in sertoli cells, leydig cells, and myoid cells and are required for normal testicular function.Decreased expression of the ar and increased expression of erα in the testis may negatively affect spermatogenesis.abbreviations: ar: androgen receptor; er: estrogen receptor; erα: estrogen receptor alpha; fsh: follicle-stimulating hormone; jtbs: johnsen's tubular biopsy scoring; lh: luteinizing hormone; noa: non-obstructive azoospermia; oa: obstructive azoospermia; tese: testicular sperm extraction.

Journal: Systems biology in reproductive medicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Implicit Bias Training in Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review.

There is a recurrent call for effective implicit bias (ib) education within health professions education (hpe).We aimed to explore the state of ib education within hpe for clinical learners and ib educators using the arksey and o'malley scoping review framework.Thirty publications variable in curricular design met inclusion criteria.No studies assessed learner outcomes at the level of miller's "shows" or "does" nor reported program evaluation outcomes at the level of kirkpatrick's "behavior" or "results." rigorous, theory-guided studies assessing behavioral change, patient care delivery, and patient outcomes are needed to move the field of ib education forward within hpe.Supplementary information the online version contains supplementary material available at .

Journal: Medical science educator (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
MyPlate and urban low-income Asian Americans in the United States: a study to improve nutrition education.

This study describes barriers to using the my plate visual as a resource for communicating dietary recommendations to asian american participants of a federally funded nutrition education program.To identify potential barriers to using my plate, an interdisciplinary team collected quantitative (n = 349) and qualitative (n = 40) data via a cross-sectional survey and a series of focus group interviews with convenience samples of cambodian, filipino, japanese, chinese, vietnamese, and korean adult participants of a nutrition education class in downtown los angeles.Findings showed that 13.2% of the participants ate meals only on a plate, 30.7% were accustomed to eating only refined grains like white rice, and 22.4% did not customarily make half their meals to consist of fruits and vegetables.Food customs, preference, and taste vary across these subgroups.The heterogeneity and complexity of dietary practices among asian subgroups suggest a need to better tailor nutrition education resources for use in these populations.

Journal: Journal of public health policy (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Ligustilide enhances hippocampal neural stem cells activation to restore cognitive function in the context of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Ligustilide exerts potential neuroprotective effects against various cerebral ischaemic insults and neurodegenerative disorders.However, the function and mechanisms of lig-mediated hippocampal neural stem cells (h-nscs) activation as well as cognitive recovery in the context of post-operative cognitive dysfunction (pocd) remain elusive and need to be explored.Mice were subjected to transient global cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion (t gci/r) injury and treated with lig (80 mg/kg) or vehicle for 1 month.Morris water maze test and western blot were employed to assess cognitive function.Nissl staining and immunofluorescence (if) staining were used to detect h-nscs proliferation and neurogenesis in hippocampus.Subsequently, primary h-nscs were treated with lig, and the level of h-nscs proliferation and neuronal-differentiation was examined by if staining for edu and β-tubulin iii.The protein levels of erk1/2, β-catenin, nicd, tlr4, akt and fox o1 were examined using western blotting.Finally, pretreatment with the erk agonist sch772984 was performed to observe the change in erk expression.Lig treatment promoted h-nscs proliferation and neurogenesis, increased the number of neurons in the hippocampal subfields, and ultimately reversed cognitive impairment in t gci/r injury.Furthermore, lig also promoted primary h-nscs proliferation and neuronal-differentiation, as well as erk1/2 phosphorylation.Pretreatment with sch772984 effectively reversed the ability of lig to induce erk1/2 phosphorylation and promote h-nscs proliferation and neuronal-differentiation.Lig can promote cognitive recovery after t gci/r injury by activating erk1/2 in h-nscs to promote their proliferation and neurogenesis in the hippocampus.Therefore, lig has potential for use in the prevention and/or treatment of pocd.

Journal: The European journal of neuroscience (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Revealing Probiotic Potential ofEnterococcusStrains Isolated From Traditionally FermentedChhurpiand Healthy Human Gut.

In this study, the two lactic acid bacterial strains enterococcus duransand enterococcus lactispreviously isolated from softchhurpi, a traditionally fermented milk product prepared by the indigenous community of sikkim himalayas and healthy human gut were used.In this study, we attempted to investigate the probiotic attributes, safety, and health beneficial role, and hypercholesterolemia of enterococcus duransand enterococcus lactis.Both probiotic potential strains showed good hypocholesterolemic activityin vitroalong with tolerance to acid p h (2 and 2.5), tolerance to three bile salts, oxbile, cholic acid, and taurocholic acid (0.5 and 1%), presence of bsh enzyme and its activity, and cell surface adherence.On assessing for safety, both lab strains were sensitive to antibiotics and exhibited no hemolytic activity.The probiotic strains were testedin vivoin the sprague-dawley rats which were divided into five experimental groups: normal control (nd), probiotic strain enterococcus durans hs03 (bsh-negative) and high-cholesterol diet (hcd1), probiotic strain enterococcus lactis yy1 (bsh-positive) and high-cholesterol diet (hcd2), and a combination of both strains and high-cholesterol diet (hcd3) and negative control (hcd).The probiotic-treated groups hcd1, hcd2, and hcd3 showed a decrease in serum cholesterol levels up to 22.55, 6.67, and 31.06%; the tg and vldl concentrations were 25.39, 26.3, and 33.21%; reduction in ldl-cholesterol was 33.66, 28.50, and 35.87%; and increase of hdl was 38.32, 47.9, and 41.92%.Similarly, the effects of total cholesterol and tg in the liver, kidney and liver histopathology, liver and body lipid index, and oxidative stress in rat liver were also studied.The fecal lactobacilli were more in the samples of the probiotic-treated groups and their fecal coliform and e.colicounts decreased relatively as compared to the control groups in 0, 7, 14, and 21 days.This is the first report on the probiotic potential of enterococcus durans hs03 and enterococcus lactis yy1 strains that gives a new insight into the cholesterol-lowering and probiotic product development with wide health attributes.

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The histone H2B Arg95 residue links the pheromone response pathway to rapamycin-induced G1arrest in yeast.

Rapamycin is an immunosuppressant used for treating many types of diseases such as kidney carcinomas.In yeast, rapamycin inhibits the torc1 kinase signaling pathway causing rapid alteration in gene expression and ultimately cell cycle arrest in g1through mechanisms that are not fully understood.Herein, we screened a histone mutant collection and report that one of the mutants, h2b r95a, is strikingly resistant to rapamycin due to a defective cell cycle arrest.We show that the h2b r95a causes defects in the expression of a subset of genes of the pheromone pathway required for α factor-induced g1arrest.The expression of the ste5 gene and its encoded scaffold protein ste5, required for the sequential activation of the mapks of the pheromone pathway, is greatly reduced in the h2b r95a mutant.Similar to the h2b r95a mutant, cells devoid of ste5 are also resistant to rapamycin.Rapamycin-induced g1arrest does not involve detectable phosphorylation of the mapks, kss1, and fus3, as reported for α factor-induced g1arrest.However, we observed a sharp induction of the g1cyclin cln2 (~ 3- to 4-fold) in the ste5δ mutant within 30 min of exposure to rapamycin.Our data provide a new insight whereby rapamycin signaling via the torc1 kinase may exploit the pheromone pathway to arrest cells in the g1phase.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
LIN28A gene polymorphisms confer Wilms tumour susceptibility: A four-centre case-control study.

Wilms tumour is a renal malignancy that commonly occurs in children.Lin28a gene overexpression has been reported to be involved in various human malignancies, while its roles in wilms tumour risk are still under investigation.Here, we genotyped four lin28a polymorphisms in 355 wilms tumour patients and 1070 healthy controls from four hospitals in china.The genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) include the following: rs3811464 g>a, rs3811463 t>c, rs34787247 g>a and rs11247957 g>a.Overall, we found that rs3811463 t>c and rs34787247 g>a were associated with increased risk of wilms tumour.Combination analysis of risk genotypes showed that, compared to non-carriers, subjects with 1 risk genotype and 1-3 risk genotypes were more likely to develop wilms tumour, with an adjusted odds ratio (or) of 1.58 and 1.56, respectively.Stratified analysis further demonstrated that the risk effect remained prominent in some subgroups.We also found that presence of 1-3 risk genotypes was associated with wilms tumour risk in subgroups > 18 months of age, females, males and those with clinical stage i + ii diseases.Furthermore, expression quantitative trait locus (e qtl) analysis indicated that rs3811463 c allele was significantly associated with increased transcripts of lin28a gene.These findings suggest that lin28a gene polymorphisms may be associated with increased predisposition to wilms tumour.

Journal: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Long-Term Myoelectric Training with Delayed Feedback in the Home Environment.

Myoelectric prosthesis users typically do not receive immediate feedback from their device.They must be able to consistently produce distinct muscle activations in the absence of augmented feedback.In previous experiments, abstract decoding has provided real-time visual feedback for closed loop control.It is unclear if the performance in those experiments was due to short-term adaptation or motor learning.To test if similar performance could be reached without short-term adaptation, we trained participants with a delayed feedback paradigm.Feedback was delayed until after the ~1.5 s trial was completed.Three participants trained for five days in their home environments, completing a cumulative total of 4920 trials.Participants became highly accurate while receiving no real-time feedback of their control input.They were also able to retain performance gains across days.This strongly suggests that abstract decoding with delayed feedback facilitates motor learning, enabling four class control without immediate feedback.

Journal: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Sir William Thorburn and the first published report of the surgical repair of a brachial plexus injury.

This historical vignette presents some aspects of the life of the english surgeon sir william thorburn and details of the first published report of the surgical repair of a brachial plexus stretch injury in an adult.

Journal: Acta neurochirurgica (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Psychotic experiences and suicide attempt risk in common mental disorders and borderline personality disorder.

Recent research has demonstrated a strong relationship between psychotic experiences and suicidal behaviour.No research to date, however, has investigated the role of borderline personality disorder (bpd) in this relationship, despite the fact that bpd is highly comorbid with common mental disorders and is associated with both recurrent suicidal behaviour and psychotic experiences.This paper examined the relationship between psychotic experiences and suicide attempts, including interrelationships with bpd and common mental disorders.Method we used the 2007 adult psychiatric morbidity study, a stratified, multistage probability sample of households in england, which recruited a nationally representative sample aged 16 years and older.Participants were assessed for common mental disorders, bpd (clinical and subclinical), suicidal behaviour, and psychotic experiences.Results approximately 4% of the total sample (n = 323) reported psychotic experiences.Psychotic experiences were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts in individuals with bpd (or = 2.23, 95% ci = 1.03-4.85), individuals with a common mental disorder (or = 2.47, 95% ci = 1.37-4.43), individuals without a common mental disorder (or = 3.99, 95% ci = 2.47-6.43), and individuals with neither a common mental disorder nor bpd (or = 3.20, 95% ci = 1.71-5.98).Conclusion psychotic experiences are associated with high odds of suicidal behaviour in individuals with and without psychopathology.This relationship is not explained by clinical or subclinical bpd.

Journal: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Benchmarking density functional tight binding models for barrier heights and reaction energetics of organic molecules.

Density functional tight binding (dftb) models are two to three orders of magnitude faster than ab initio and density functional theory (dft) methods and therefore are particularly attractive in applications to large molecules and condensed phase systems.To establish the applicability of dftb models to general chemical reactions, we conduct benchmark calculations for barrier heights and reaction energetics of organic molecules using existing databases and several new ones compiled in this study.Structures for the transition states and stable species have been fully optimized at the dftb level, making it possible to characterize the reliability of dftb models in a more thorough fashion compared to conducting single point energy calculations as done in previous benchmark studies.The encouraging results for the diverse sets of reactions studied here suggest that dftb models, especially the most recent third-order version (dftb3/3ob augmented with dispersion correction), in most cases provide satisfactory description of organic chemical reactions with accuracy almost comparable to popular dft methods with large basis sets, although larger errors are also seen for certain cases.Therefore, dftb models can be effective for mechanistic analysis (e.g., transition state search) of large (bio)molecules, especially when coupled with single point energy calculations at higher levels of theory.© 2017 wiley periodicals, inc.

Journal: Journal of computational chemistry (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
3D-bioprinted microenvironments for sweat gland regeneration.

The development of 3d bioprinting in recent years has provided new insights into the creation ofin vitromicroenvironments for promoting stem cell-based regeneration.Sweat glands (sgs) are mainly responsible for thermoregulation and are a highly differentiated organ with limited regenerative ability.Recent studies have focused on stem cell-based therapies as strategies for repairing sgs after deep dermal injury.In this review, we highlight the recent trend in 3d bioprinted native-like microenvironments and emphasize recent advances in functional sg regeneration using this technology.Furthermore, we discuss five possible regulatory mechanisms in terms of biochemical factors and structural and mechanical cues from 3d bioprinted microenvironments, as well as the most promising regulation from neighbor cells and the vascular microenvironment.

Journal: Burns & trauma (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Trifluridine/tipiracil in combination with oxaliplatin and either bevacizumab or nivolumab in metastatic colorectal cancer: a dose-expansion, phase I study.

In preclinical studies trifluridine/tipiracil (ftd/tpi) plus oxaliplatin (industriestrasse, holzkirchen, germany) sensitised microsatellite stable (mss) metastatic colorectal cancer (m crc) to anti-programmed cell death protein-1; the addition of oxaliplatin or bevacizumab (f hoffmann- la roche ag, kaiseraugst, switzerland) enhanced the antitumour effects of ftd/tpi.This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of ftd/tpi plus oxaliplatin and either bevacizumab or nivolumab (uxbridge business park, uxbridge, united kingdom) in patients with m crc who had progressed after at least one prior line of treatment.Patients and methods in 14-day cycles, patients received ftd/tpi 35 mg/m2(twice daily, days 1-5) plus oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2(day 1), and, on day 1, either bevacizumab 5 mg/kg (cohort a) or nivolumab 3 mg/kg (cohort b).Patients in cohort b had confirmed mss status.Results in total, 54 patients were enrolled: 37 in cohort a and 17 in cohort b.Recruitment in cohort b was stopped early due to the low response rate (rr) observed at interim analyses of efficacy.The most common adverse events (aes) in cohort a were neutropenia/decreased neutrophils (75.7%), nausea (59.5%), vomiting (40.5%), diarrhoea (37.8%), peripheral sensory neuropathy (37.8%), fatigue (35.1%) and decreased appetite (35.1%).In cohort b, the most common aes were neutropenia/decreased neutrophils (70.6%), diarrhoea (58.8%), nausea (47.1%), vomiting (47.1%), fatigue (47.1%), asthenia (41.2%), paraesthesia (41.2%), thrombocytopenia/decreased platelets (35.3%) and decreased appetite (35.3%).Confirmed objective rr was 17.1% in cohort a and 7.1% in cohort b; the corresponding values for median progression-free survival in the two cohorts were 6.3 and 6.0 months.Conclusion ftd/tpi plus oxaliplatin and bevacizumab or nivolumab had an acceptable safety profile and demonstrated antitumour activity in previously treated patients with m crc.

Journal: ESMO open (2021)
Publication types: Clinical Trial, Phase I;Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't