syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Monte Carlo-based calculation of nano-scale dose enhancement factor and relative biological effectiveness in using different nanoparticles as a radiosensitizer.

Introduction nowadays, some nanoparticles (nps) are known and used as radiosensitizers in radiotherapy and radiobiology, due to their desired biological, physical, and chemical effects on cells.This study aimed to evaluate and compare the dose enhancement factor (def) and the biological effectiveness of some common nps through egsnrc and mcds monte carlo (mc) simulation codes.Materials and methods to evaluate considered nps' def, a single np with 50 nm diameter was simulated at the center of concentric spheres.Np irradiations were done with 30, 60, and 100 ke v photon energies.The secondary electron spectra were scored at the surface of considered nps, and the dose values were scored at surrounding water-filled spherical shells which were distributed up to 4000 nm from the np surface.The electron spectra were used in the mcds code to obtain different initial dna damages for the calculation of enhanced relative biological effectiveness (e rbe).Results by decreasing the photon energy, an increment of def was seen for all studied nps.The maximum def at 30, 60, and 100 ke v photon energies were respectively related to silver (ag), gadolinium (gd), and bismuth (bi) nps.The maximum double-strand break (dsb) related (e rbedsb) values for the 30 ke v photon belonged to ag, while bi nps showed the maximum values at other photon energies.The minimum e rbedsbvalues were also related to iron (fe) nps at the entire range of studied photon energies.Conclusions the compared nanoscale physical and biological results of our study can be helpful in the selection of optimum np as a radiosensitizer in future radiobiological studies.Bi, gold (au), ag, and platinum (pt) nps had great potential, respectively, as radiosensitizers relative to the other studied nps.

Journal: International journal of radiation biology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
A new variant of Abernethy malformation treated by transhepatic interventional closure: a case report.

Congenital portosystemic shunts (cpss) are rare vascular malformations and can be classified into extrahepatic and intrahepatic shunts.Extrahepatic cpss, also termed abernethy malformations are associated with severe long-term complications including portopulmonary hypertension, liver atrophy, hyperammoniemia and hepatic encephalopathy.We report a hitherto undescribed variant of abernethy malformation requiring an innovative approach for interventional treatment.Case presentation we describe a 31-year-old patient following surgical repair of atrioventricular septal defect at the age of 6 years.In the long-term follow-up he showed persistent pulmonary hypertension which deteriorated despite dual pulmonary vasodilative treatment.When he developed arterial desaturation and symptomatic hyperammoniemia detailed reassessment revealed as underlying cause a hitherto undescribed variant of abernethy malformation connecting the portal vein with the right lower pulmonary vein.Following interdisciplinary discussions we opted for an interventional approach.Since the malformation was un-accessible to interventional closure via antegrade venous or retrograde arterial access, a transhepatic percutaneous puncture of the portal vein was performed.Temporary balloon occlusion of the malformation revealed only a slight increase in portal venous pressure.Interventional occlusion of the large vascular connection was achieved via this transhepatic approach by successive implantation of two large vascular occluding devices.The postinterventional course was unremarkable and both ammonia levels and arterial saturation normalized at follow-up of 12 months.Conclusions portal vein anomalies should be included in the differential diagnoses of pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary arterio-venous malformations.Based on careful assessment of the anatomy and testing of portal vein hemodynamics interventional therapy of complex abernethy malformations can be performed successfully in specialized centers.

Journal: BMC gastroenterology (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
A Phase I Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study on Efficacy and Safety Profile of a Sublingually Administered Cannabidiol /Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabidiol (10: 1) Regimen in Diabetes Type 2 Patients.

The current study aimed to evaluate the safety profile and efficacy of a cannabis-based sublingual spray, cbdex10®(containing 100 μg cannabidiol and 10 μg δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol per puff; cbd/δ9-thc 10:1), in improving lipid profile and glycemic state of the diabetic patients.Fifty diabetic patients were randomly allocated to the treatment (n = 25; receiving two puffs of cbdex10®twice daily) or the control groups (n = 25; receiving two puffs of placebo).The primary endpoint of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the cbdex10®adjunctive therapy in improving the lipid profile and glycemic state of diabetic patients; the secondary endpoint was to assess the safety profile and tolerability of the spray.A statistically significant decline in total cholesterol [estimated treatment difference (etd) = -19.73 mg/d l; p < 0.05], triglyceride (etd = -27.84 mg/d l; p < 0.01), ldl-c (etd = -5.37 mg/d l; p < 0.01), fbs (etd = -12 mg/d l; p < 0.01), hb a1c (etd = -0.21 mg/d l; p < 0.01) and insulin secretion (etd = -5.21 m iu/l; p < 0.01) was observable in the patients treated with cbdex10®at the end of the 8-week treatment period.Regarding safety, the mentioned adjunctive regimen was well, and there were no serious or severe adverse effects.Overall, cbdex1®sublingual spray could be a new therapeutic agent for lipid and glycemic control in diabetic patients.

Journal: Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Fluoride Exposure and Blood Pressure: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Fluoride exposure may cause changes in blood pressure, but this conclusion is controversial.Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to investigate the potential relationship between fluoride exposure and blood pressure or hypertension.Pub med, web of science, china national knowledge infrastructure (cnki), wanfang med online, and chinese scientific journals full-text databases (vip) were searched; in addition, two related studies were added manually.In total, 7 observational studies were identified, the pooled odds ratios (ors) for hypertension between high and reference fluoride exposure groups were calculated, and the pooled standardized weighted mean difference (smd) of systolic blood pressure (sbp) and diastolic blood pressure (dbp) was estimated using an inverse-variance weighted random-effects model; next, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were used to assess potential sources of heterogeneity; furthermore, publication bias was assessed using the begg and egger test.In brief, there were no statistical differences between exposure groups and control groups in terms of blood pressure or hypertension when all included studies considered.However, subgroup analysis indicated that blood pressure will rise with the increase of fluoride exposure concentrations in endemic fluorosis areas.The corresponding pooled smd estimates were 0.31 (95% ci 0.11, 0.51) and 0.27 (95% ci 0.11, 0.43) for sbp and dbp.Funnel plots suggested no asymmetry.Our findings support the possibility of a positive correlation between fluoride exposure and blood pressure in endemic fluorosis areas.Additional evidence is needed to assess the dose-response relationship between fluoride exposure and blood pressure.

Journal: Biological trace element research (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Review;Systematic Review
Socio-behavioral correlates of pre-exposure prophylaxis use and correct adherence in men who have sex with men in West Africa.

Multiple barriers compromise pre-exposure prophylaxis (pr ep) engagement (i.e., use and adherence) in men who have sex with men (msm).In low/middle-income countries, little is known about pr ep engagement in this population.In west africa, the coh msm-pr ep study was one of the rare interventions providing pr ep to msm.We estimated pr ep use and correct adherence rates in coh msm-pr ep, together with associated factors over time.Methods: coh msm-pr ep recruited msm in four community-based clinics in mali, côte d'ivoire, burkina faso, and togo.Quarterly follow-up included collecting socio-behavioral data, and providing a comprehensive hiv prevention package, pr ep (daily or event-driven), and peer educator (pe)-led counselling.Using repeated measures, multivariate generalized estimating equations models were used to identify factors associated with self-reported i) pr ep use and ii) correct pr ep adherence during participants' most recent anal intercourse (defined as four pills/week for daily users and 2 + 1 + 1 for event-driven users).Results five hundred twenty participants were included with a median follow-up time of 12 months (iqr 6-21).Of the 2839 intercourses declared over the follow-up period, pr ep use was self-reported for 1996 (70%), and correct pr ep adherence for 1461 (73%) of the latter.Pr ep use was higher in participants who also attended participating clinics outside of scheduled visits (adjusted odds ratio (a or) [95% confidence interval, ci], p-value; 1.32[1.01-1.71], 0.040), and in those who practiced condomless anal sex (1.86[1.54-2.24], < 0.001).Correct adherence was higher in those who often contacted pe outside of scheduled visits (2.16[1.01-4.64], 0.047) and in participants who adopted receptive/versatile sexual positions with stable partners (1.36[1.03-1.81], 0.030).Instead, after an interaction effect between financial situation and regimen was tested, it was lower in event-driven users with a difficult/very difficult financial situation (comfortable/just making ends meet & daily, 4.19[2.56-6.86], < 0.001; difficult/very difficult & daily, 6.47[4.05-10.30], < 0.001; comfortable/just making ends meet & event-driven, 1.63[1.22-2.17], 0.001), and in participants who felt alone (0.76[0.58-0.99], 0.042).Conclusions community-based clinic attendance and pe contact outside of scheduled visits were both associated with higher pr ep engagement, but some socially and economically marginalized participants struggled with adherence.As scale-up continues in west africa, we recommend implementing community-based interventions and providing extra support for vulnerable users to ensure adequate pr ep engagement.

Journal: BMC public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Early- and longer-term outcomes of David versus Florida sleeve procedure: propensity-matched comparison.

S the aim of this study was to compare short- and longer-term outcomes of david (dv) versus florida sleeve (fs) procedure in patients requiring valve-sparing aortic root replacement.Methods between january 1996 and december 2020 285 patients received a dv procedure (median age 60 years; 26% females) and 57 patients underwent an fs procedure (median age 64 years; 19% females) in our department.Propensity score matching using patient characteristics led to 58 (dv) versus 57 (fs) patients.End points were defined as primary: freedom from aortic valve and/or aortic root-related reoperation and freedom from aortic regurgitation ≥moderate and secondary: early and late survival.Results thirty-day mortality was 2% (dv) and 0% (fs) (p = 0.319).There was 1 early stroke in each group (p = 0.990).Follow-up was complete in 99% with only 1 patient (fs) lost.The 5- and 10-year freedom from aortic valve and/or aortic root related reoperation was 98 ± 2% and 96 ± 3% in the dv group and 92 ± 5% and 84 ± 9% in the fs group, respectively (p = 0.095).The 5- and 10-year freedom from aortic regurgitation ≥moderate was 88 ± 5% and 80 ± 8% in the dv group and 92 ± 5% and 78 ± 1% in the fs group, respectively (p = 0.782).The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 93 ± 4% and 82 ± 6% (dv) vs 75 ± 7% and 67 ± 10% (fs), respectively (p = 0.058).No case of endocarditis (dv) and 3 cases of endocarditis (fs) (p = 0.055) were observed during follow-up.Conclusions both dv and fs resulted in similar early and longer-term outcomes with a trend to slightly better performance and survival in the dv group.Florida sleeve procedure might be an alternative approach for patients with higher-risk profiles requiring valve-sparing aortic root replacement.

Journal: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Coding-Complete Genome Sequence of SARS-CoV-2 Isolate from Bangladesh by Sanger Sequencing.

A coding-complete genome sequence of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-co v-2) isolate was revealed.The sample for the virus was isolated from a female patient from dhaka, bangladesh, suffering from coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19).

Journal: Microbiology resource announcements (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending family medicine clinic in a rural tribal locality in India.

Diabetes prevalence has been predicted to reach 578 million worldwide in 2030 and is estimated to increase by 51% (700 million) in 2045.Type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) is frequently associated with various cardiovascular (cv) risk factors secondary to associated dyslipidemias and good glycemic control is key for the prevention of long-term cv complications; this study was conducted to assess present glycemic status and lipid profile of the population residing in a rural tribal locality of jharkhand (india).Materials and methods this cross-sectional study was conducted as a project for fellowship in diabetes course by the department of endocrinology, dedu, cmc vellore.Whole blood and sera were analyzed for fasting blood sugar (fbs), glycated-hemoglobin (hb a1c), total cholesterol (ch), triglycerides (tgs), high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (hdl-c), low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (ldl-c), and very-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (vldl-c).A correlation test of hb a1c with lipid ratios and individual lipid indexes was done.Results the mean hb1ac level was uncontrolled as 7.24 ± 1.80 and, interestingly, was marginally higher [7.31 ± 1.92 vs 6.92 ± 1.16] in patients with t2dm 5 years.Mixed dyslipidemias were common with abnormal tg, ldl, vldl, hdl, and total ch values.Hb1ac levels showed a significant positive correlation with serum ch, tg, ldl, and vldl levels, while a significant negative correlation with hdl levels in the study.Conclusion apart from being a reliable indicator of long-term glycemic control, hb a1c can also be used as a surrogate marker of dyslipidemia, and thus early diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia can prevent life-threatening cardiovascular complications that can be particularly useful in resource-poor rural tribal locality settings.

Journal: Journal of family medicine and primary care (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
After a disaster: Validation of PTSD checklist for DSM-5 and the four- and eight-item abbreviated versions in mental health service users.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) is a common and disabling condition developing in one of four survivors after an earthquake.Brief and self-reported validated measures for assessing ptsd symptom severity are necessary to improve care access and assess disorder progress and treatment response.Therefore, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the ptsd-checklist for the dsm-5 (pcl-5) of 20-, 8- and 4-item in patients that sought specialized mental health services after a catastrophic earthquake that stroke mexico on september 19th, 2017.The internal consistency of 20-, 8- and 4-item pcl-5 was adequate (≥.7).Using the clinician-administered ptsd scale for dsm-5 (caps-5) as a reference, signal detection analyses revealed a pcl-5 score of 27 as optimal (sensitivity = .96, specificity = .73) for identifying probable ptsd cases.The shortened versions highly correlated with the full pcl-5 and had comparable diagnostic utility.Our results indicate that the 20-item pcl-5 and the abridged versions can effectively identify possible ptsd cases.The 8-item version has better psychometric properties and more consistent diagnostic utility across time and civil populations.These measures must be evaluated in independent samples to corroborate their utility in different populations and regarding diverse traumatic events.

Journal: Psychiatry research (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A parent-child conjoint psychological intervention for children in maintenance phase of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Feasibility and preliminary outcomes from a randomized control pilot trial.

To develop and test a brief composite intervention module for pre-adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cimpall).Design single-center randomized controlled design.Setting a tertiary care center of national importance participants: a total of 36 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the maintenance phase of the treatment.Intervention a five-session (540 min) brief, multidomain, audiovisually aided, therapist-facilitated conjoint intervention module for children with cancer and their parents.Main outcome measures standardized psychological tools for children including cbcl, cpss (child posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms scale), peds qol (pediatric quality of life), and nimhans (national institute of mental health and neurosciences) neuropsychological battery and parents including ptsd cc (posttraumatic stress disorder civilian checklist), chip (coping health inventory for parents), cbs (caregiver burden scale), and srq (self-reporting questionnaire).Results a total of 36 patients were randomized to an experimental or a control group.Over 80% agreement was observed on indices of expert evaluation; 100% of participants found the sessions to be helpful, useful, appropriate in terms of time, duration, and place, and interventionist.The participation rate in the sessions was 94% and the study flow was smooth; 97.3% eligible candidates agreed to participate.Furthermore, 100% agreement on performance of activities was observed and the attrition rate was 5.26%.Conclusion this pilot study presents the cimpall, which to the best of our knowledge is the first of its kind in india.The data suggest that the cimpall intervention is feasibly delivered by a clinical psychologist and that the cimpall intervention has an impact on important psychosocial variables for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and their parents.

Journal: Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Indirect effects of social activity on appetite via depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study.

Depressive symptoms have a strong effect on appetite decline in older adults.There is also an association between social activity and decreased depressive symptoms, but the mechanism between appetite and social activity with respect to depressive symptoms is unclear.This cross-sectional study examined the direct and indirect effects of social activity on appetite, via depressive symptoms.A total of 259 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 75.1 ± 5.3 years; 55% female) completed the council on nutrition appetite questionnaire (cnaq) and the 15-item version of the geriatric depression scale (gds).We used a cutoff score of 6 on the gds-15 to determine whether participants displayed depressive symptoms.Social activity was assessed based on the number of activities participated in at least 1-3 times per month.The types of social activity consisted of local community, hobby, sports, citizen, industry, religion, volunteer, and others.Other assessed factors included age, sex, education, financial status, living situation, and comorbidities.To examine the relationships among social activity, depressive symptoms, and appetite, structural equation modeling (sem) was used, adjusting for variables associated with depressive symptoms or appetite in multivariate analyses.Sem revealed that participation in more types of social activity had a significant indirect effect on higher appetite score via less having depressive symptoms (β = 0.04, p = 0.018).Our findings suggest that active participation in social activities may have a positive effect on good appetite via not having depressive symptoms among older adults.Further longitudinal or intervention studies are needed to confirm our findings.

Journal: Appetite (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cultural adaptation of the mental health first aid guidelines for Brazilians with problem drinking: a Delphi expert consensus study.

Harmful use of alcohol is highly prevalent around the world and results in a large disease burden.Most people who meet the criteria for an alcohol use disorder do not receive treatment.Those in a person's social network can be useful in recognizing a problem and encouraging the person to seek treatment.However, many people lack the knowledge and skills to do this effectively.This study reports on the cultural adaptation for brazil of the 2009 english-language mental health first aid guidelines for helping someone with problem drinking.Methods a delphi expert consensus study with two expert panels, one comprising health professionals with experience in the treatment of problem drinking and the other comprising people with lived experience was conducted.Participants rated the importance of actions to be taken to help a person with problem drinking.Results over two rounds, 60 participants (30 professionals and 30 people with lived experience) rated 197 items.A total of 166 items were included in the final guidelines.Conclusions while there were many similarities with the english-language guidelines for high-income countries, the guidelines also incorporate actions of importance for brazil, including compulsory treatment and different approaches to dealing with people with problem drinking.Further research is necessary to assess their impact.

Journal: BMC psychiatry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Robust Underwater Oil-Repellent Biomimetic Ceramic Surfaces: Combining the Stability and Reproducibility of Functional Structures.

Robust underwater oil-repellent materials combining high mechanical strength and durability with superwettability and low oil adhesion are needed to build oil-repellent devices able to work in water, to manipulate droplet behavior, etc.However, combining all of these properties within a single, durable material remains a challenge.Herein, we fabricate a robust underwater oil-resistant material (al2o3) with all of the above properties by gel casting.The micro/nanoceramic particles distributed on the surface endow the material with excellent underwater superoleophobicity (∼160°) and low oil adhesion (<4 μn).In addition, the substrate exhibits typical ceramic characteristics such as good antiacid/alkali properties, high salt resistance, and high load tolerance.These excellent properties make the material not only applicable to various liquid environments but also resistant to the impact of particles and other physical damage.More importantly, the substrate could still exhibit underwater superoleophobicity after being worn under specific conditions, as wear will create new surfaces with similar particle size distribution.This approach is easily scalable for mass production, which could open a pathway for the fabrication of practical underwater long-lasting functional interfacial materials.

Journal: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article