syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Acute SGLT-2i treatment improves cardiac efficiency during myocardial ischemia independent of Na+/H+exchanger-1.

S sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (sglt2i) demonstrate cardioprotective benefits independent of a glucose lowering effect including preservation of cardiac function during a myocardial ischemia.Sodium‐hydrogen exchanger-1 (nhe-1), has been hypothesized to contribute to the cardiac effects of sglt2i.We characterized the beneficial effects of acute pre-ischemia exposure to sglt2i and explored the possibility that these effects are explained by nhe-1 inhibition.Methods and results swine were anesthetized and instrumented for invasive hemodynamic measurements.After baseline data collection, swine received a 15-30 min intravenous infusion of vehicle (dmso), the sglt2i canagliflozin (~1 mg/kg), or the nhe-1 inhibitor cariporide (~0.03 mg/kg) ending immediately prior to occlusion of the left circumflex artery.Measurements were obtained at baseline, during a 60-min complete occlusion of the circumflex coronary artery, and during a 2-h reperfusion period.Blood pressure, heart rate, left anterior descending artery flow, and associated myocardial oxygen consumption were unaffected by acute pre-treatment with canagliflozin or cariporide during ischemia and reperfusion.Acute pre-ischemic treatment with canagliflozin significantly increased diastolic filling and stroke work, producing a rightward shift in the frank-starling relationship, and also improved cardiac work efficiency relative to untreated control hearts during ischemia.Effects of nhe-1 inhibition with cariporide were modest and dissimilar.Examination of ap-1 cells transfected with wild-type nhe-1 and i psc-derived cardiomyocytes confirmed dose-dependent-inhibition of nhe-1 activity by cariporide, while canagliflozin had no significant effect on nhe-1 activity.Conclusion acute pre-treatment with sglt2i produces cardioprotective effects during ischemia, including improved work efficiency.These effects are not explained by nhe-1 inhibition.Translational perspective sglt2 inhibitors have been shown to improve cardiac outcomes in patient including reducing myocardial infarction incidence and mortality.The mechanism(s) explaining this effect are not clear.This manuscript demonstrates a protective effect from acute sglt2i exposure, as short as 15 min, prior to experimental infarction in swine.These effects were independent of nhe1 inhibition.These observations suggest that sglt2 inhibitors can confer cardioprotective effects on a very short time scale.It is possible that such effects provide an ongoing contribution to ischemic protection even in the setting of chronic treatment.

Journal: International journal of cardiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Wellbeing of International Oncology and Hematology Fellows at the Princess Margaret Cancer Center (PMCC).

The covid-19 pandemic has led to significant disruptions across all levels of medical training.International fellows in subspecialty training programs are essential members of the frontline physician workforce, but may face additional and unique challenges as a result of being away from their home country.In this study, we aimed to understand the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the wellbeing of international fellows in the hematology and/or oncology fellowship program at the pmcc.Methods in collaboration with our staff psychiatrist, we conducted an online survey of hematology and/or oncology fellows at the pmcc from july 6 to august 10, 2020.The survey consisted of 60 questions divided into 4 sections: demographics, wellbeing assessment using the validated short warwick edinburgh mental wellbeing scale (swemwbs), fellowship specific questions (personal and professional) and coping strategies using the validated brief cope scale.Results overall 24/52 (46%) fellows completed the survey: 21/24 were international fellows with 48% from asia, 3/24 were canadian fellows but away from home; 54% were male; 48% were aged 31-35 years; 65% were married, 48% had children.Mean swemwbs score was 21, indicating lower overall wellbeing than the general population who had a score of 23.6.Compared to their pre-covid status, many reported a decline in their wellbeing (63%), sense of guilt for not being with their family (45%) or helping their country (41%), stress in personal relationships (26%), fatigue (50%), sleep disorders (38%) and loss of interest in daily activities (38%).Personal events were altered by almost 80%; and 20% planned to extend their fellowship.According to the brief-cope scale, during the pandemic, most fellows used more adaptive coping mechanisms (mean score 39.2) as opposed to maladaptive ones (mean score 21.8).Conclusions the ongoing covid-19 pandemic has negatively affected the overall wellbeing of international fellows.Understanding the specific challenges and coping mechanisms used by international fellows may help institutions develop better targeted strategies to promote wellbeing, professional development and ensure high-quality patient care during unprecedented times like the covid pandemic.

Journal: Seminars in oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) polymorphisms and arsenic methylation in children in rural Bangladesh.

Arsenic methylation efficiency, a susceptibility factor for arsenic toxicity, is in adults partly explained by variation in arsenite methyltransferase (as3mt) gene.Little is known about the role of as3mt for children's arsenic methylation.Objectives evaluating associations between as3mt polymorphisms and children's arsenic methylation efficiency.Methods bangladeshi children's arsenic exposure (9-years; n = 424) was assessed as sum urinary concentration of inorganic arsenic (i as) and its metabolites (monomethylarsonic acid [mma] and dimethylarsinic acid [dma]) using hplc-hg-icpms.Arsenic methylation efficiency was assessed by the individual metabolite fractions (%).As3mt polymorphisms (rs7085104, rs3740400, rs3740393 and rs1046778) were genotyped using taq man snp genotyping assays.Results we found higher %i as and %mma, and lower %dma in urine, among rs1046778 tt carriers (median 8.8%, 9.6% and 81.1% for i as, mma and dma, respectively), compared to cc carriers (median 7.0%, 8.3% and 84.9%).These associations were significant in multivariable-adjusted linear regression models: b-coefficients for tt vs cc were 1.26, 1.33 and -2.59 for i as, mma and dma, respectively.Effect estimates were slightly stronger when restricting the analyses to children with urinary arsenic ≥58 μg/l (reducing the impact of ingested dma).Estimates in girls were slightly stronger than in boys, although there were no significant differences between boys and girls.No clear associations were found for the other as3mt polymorphisms.Conclusions one out of four as3mt polymorphisms, previously associated with arsenic methylation in adults, was associated with arsenic methylation in children.Thus, as3mt variation seems to influence arsenic methylation efficiency in children to a lesser extent than in adults.

Journal: Toxicology and applied pharmacology (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET/CT in Patients with Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer after Primary Treatment with Curative Intent-Impact of Delayed Imaging.

The presence of prostate-specific membrane antigen (psma) on prostate cancer cells and its metastases allows its use in diagnostics using pet/ct.The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of delayed phase images in the ga-68-psma-11 pet/ct.Methods: 108 patients with prostate cancer (median age: 68.5 years, range: 49−83) were referred for ga-68-psma-11 pet/ct due to biochemical relapse (psa (prostate-specific antigen) (3.2 ± 5.4 ng/m l).Examinations were performed at 60 min, with an additional delayed phase of the pelvis region at 120−180 min.Results: the ga-68-psma-11 pet/ct showed lesions in 86/108 (80%) patients; detection rate depending on the psa level: 0.2 < psa < 0.5 ng/m l vs.0.5 ≤ psa < 1.0 ng/m l vs.1.0 ≤ psa < 2.0 ng/m l vs.Psa ≥ 2.0 ng/m l was 56% (standard vs.Delay: 56 vs.56%) vs.60% (52 vs.60%) vs.87% (83 vs.87%) vs.82% (77 vs.82%) of patients, respectively.The delayed phase had an impact on the treatment in 14/86 patients (16%) (p < 0.05): 7 pts increased uptake was seen only after 60 min, which was interpreted as physiological or inflammatory accumulation; the delayed image showed increased accumulation in 7 patients only: 4 in regional lymph nodes, 1 in local recurrence, and 2 patients with local recurrence showed additional foci.Conclusions: delayed phase of ga-68-psma-11 pet/ct has an impact on treatment management in 16% of patients.

Journal: Journal of clinical medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Home and nearby nature: Uncovering relational flows between domestic and natural spaces in three countries during COVID-19.

This paper addresses the role of living spaces, neighborhood environments, and access to nearby nature in shaping individual experiences of health and well-being during the first wave of the covid-19 pandemic.Key data is drawn from the green covid study across spain, england and ireland.The survey gathered contextual information about home environments, neighborhood spaces, and access to nature elements, and standardized measures of health and wellbeing between april and july 2020 (n= 3,127).The paper used qualitative data from the survey to document flows between home and nearby nature.These were framed as barriers/mediators with specific focus on differing interpretations of home as both trap and refuge, with additional dimensions of loss, disruption and interruption shaping the broad responses to the pandemic.By contrast nearby nature was an enabler/moderator of health and wellbeing, offering healthy flows between home and nature as well as respite and additional health-enabling factors.Differences were identified between the three countries but important commonalities emerged too, recognising the role nature plays as an asset both within and immediately beyond the home.The use of flow as metaphor also recognises the importance of embodiment and the elastic nature of connections between home and nearby nature for wellbeing.More broadly, flow provides a valuable way to trace affective relational geographers to develop a wider understanding of assemblages of health during pandemics.

Journal: Wellbeing, space and society (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Portal hypertensive vasculopathy - An entity worth remembering with non-neoplastic gastrointestinal lesions.

Portal hypertensive vasculopathy (phv) represents an increase in the pressure in the portal circulation.This increased pressure leads to changes in the mucosa that can be appreciated endoscopically as well as histopathologically.Lesions can be observed in the entire gastrointestinal tract (git) including stomach, duodenum, jejunum and colon.The histological changes are appreciated mainly in the mucosal and submucosal blood vessels.A knowledge of these lesions as well as the changes helps in separating them from other close differentials with specific treatment to be instituted.The pathogenesis of the hemodynamic changes is not well-understood.The underlying factor is increased portal pressure.Studies indicate, that besides increased portal pressure other factors in combination led to the observed changes.Portal hypertensive gastropathy (phg) is seen in the gastric body and fundus, while varices are noted in the cardia and fundus.Changes may be seen in the small intestine and throughout the colon with anorectal varices.Histopathological changes include dilated, congested and ectatic capillaries and edema in the lamina propria besides a large spectrum of other histopathological changes.Mucosal capillaries with thick irregular wall show absence of red blood cells in the lumen.Thickening of the vessel wall serves as a better marker than the vascular diameter when portal hypertension (pht) is considered.Long standing cases may show fibrosis in lamina propria.At times, these changes may lead to occult gastrointestinal bleeding.Important differentials need to be ruled out in all the cases as the treatment and the outcome of all differs.Endoscopically or histopathologically if the mucosal changes are observed they should not be overlooked and a detailed work-up must be carried out.

Journal: Indian journal of pathology & microbiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Significant Gains in Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality Measures Among RISE Registry Practices.

Using the american college of rheumatology rheumatology informatics system for effectiveness (rise) registry, our objective was to examine performance on rheumatoid arthritis (ra) quality measures and to assess the association between practice characteristics and changes in performance over time among participating practices.Methods we analyzed data from practices enrolled in rise between january 1, 2015 and december 31, 2017.Eight quality measures in the areas of ra disease management, cardiovascular risk reduction, and patient safety were examined.Variability in performance was evaluated at the practice level.Multivariate linear models were used to predict change in measure performance by year and to determine the effect of practice characteristics on change in performance over time.Results data from 59,986 patients from 54 practices were examined.The mean ± sd age was 62 ± 14 years, 77% were female, 69% were caucasian, and most patients were seen in a single-specialty group practice (46%).The average performance on measures related to ra treatments was consistently high (>90%) across the study period.Measures related to ra functional status and disease activity assessment had the greatest improvements over time (8.4% and 13.0% increase per year, respectively; p < 0.001).Single-specialty group practices had the fastest rates of improvement over time across all measures.Conclusion among practices participating in rise between 2015 and 2017, performance on most ra quality measures improved.Single-specialty group practices saw the fastest rates of improvement over time.Identification of workflow patterns leading to dramatic improvements in quality of care will help guide process redesign to address gaps in priority areas, such as tuberculosis screening and blood pressure control.

Journal: Arthritis care & research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
The influence of continuous renal replacement therapy on 1,3-β-d-glucan levels in critically ill patients: a single-center retrospective propensity score study.

1,3-β-d-glucan (bdg) is commonly used for diagnosing invasive fungal infections (ifis).While exposure to cellulose-based hemodialyzers is known to cause false-positive bdg results, the impact of modern hemofilters used in continuous renal replacement therapy (crrt) remains unclear.This retrospective, single-center cohort study aimed to evaluate the effect of crrt on bdg levels in critically ill patients.We included adult intensive care unit (icu) patients with ≥1 bdg measurement between december 2019 and december 2020.The primary outcome was the rate of false-positive bdg results in patients exposed to crrt compared to unexposed patients.Propensity score analysis was performed to control for confounding factors.A total of 103 icu patients with ≥1 bdg level were identified.Most (72.8%) were medical icu patients.Forty patients underwent crrt using hemofilter membranes composed of sodium methallyl sulfonate copolymer (an 69 hf) (82.5%) and of polyarylethersulfone (paes) (17.5%).Among the 91 patients without proven ifi, 31 (34.1%) had false-positive bdg results.Univariable analysis showed an association between crrt exposure and false-positive bdg results.However, the association between crrt exposure and false-positive bdg results was no longer significant across three propensity score models employed: 1:1 match (n= 32) (odds ratio (or) 1.65,p= .48), model-adjusted (n= 91) (or 1.75,p= .38), quintile-adjusted (n= 91) (or 1.78,p= .36).In this single-center retrospective analysis, exposure to synthetic crrt membranes did not independently increase the risk of false-positive bdg results.Larger prospective studies are needed to further evaluate the association between crrt exposure and false-positive bdg results in critically ill patients with suspected ifi.

Journal: Renal failure (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Increased Dephospho-uncarboxylated Matrix Gla-Protein Is Associated With Lower Axial Skeletal Muscle Mass in Patients With Hypertension.

Matrix gla-protein (mgp) is a well-established inhibitor of vascular calcification that is activated by vitamin k-dependent carboxylation.In the setting of vitamin k2 deficiency, dephospho-uncarboxylated mgp (dpuc mgp) levels increase, and have been associated with large artery stiffening.Vitamin k2 is also a mitochondrial electron carrier in muscle, but the relationship of vitamin k2 deficiency and dpuc mgp with muscle mass is not well understood.We therefore aimed to examine the association of vitamin k2 deficiency and dpuc mgp with skeletal muscle mass in patients with hypertension.Methods we studied 155 hypertensive adults without heart failure.Axial skeletal muscle mass was measured using magnetic resonance imaging from axial steady-state free precession images.Dpuc mgp was measured with elisa.Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-pwv) was measured from high-fidelity arterial tonometry recordings.Results we found an inverse relationship between dpuc mgp levels and axial muscle mass, with progressively rising dpuc mgp levels correlating with decreasing axial muscle mass.In an unadjusted linear regression model, correlates of dpuc mgp included axial skeletal muscle area factor (β = -0.32; p < 0.0001) and cf-pwv (β = 0.31; p = 0.0008).In adjusted analyses, independent correlates of dpuc mgp included axial skeletal muscle area factor (β = -0.30; p = 0.0003) and cf-pwv (β = 0.20; p = 0.019).Conclusions in hypertensive adults, dpuc mgp is independently associated with lower axial muscle mass, in addition to increased large artery stiffness.Further studies are required to investigate the role of vitamin k supplementation in this population.

Journal: American journal of hypertension (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Sixteen Genome Sequences of Denitrifying Bacteria Assembled from Enriched Cultures of Anaerobic Pig Manure Digestate.

We report 16 genomes assembled from the metagenome of pig manure digestate enriched with the addition of n2o.These denitrifying bacterial genomes all contain thenos zgene, encoding n2o reductase.Their sizes range from 1,902,599 bp to 6,264,563 bp, with completeness of 75.03% to 98.89%, gc contents of 32.86% to 69.66%, and contamination of 0% to 8.4%.

Journal: Microbiology resource announcements (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Shaping the tip of microcatheters for superselective catheterization: steam vs. manual methods.

We aimed to evaluate and compare the shapeability and stability of five microcatheters commonly used in interventional radiology after steam shaping and manual shaping.Methods steam shaping was performed using three mandrels of different angles: l(s) shape (90°), u(s) shape (180°), and o(s) shape (360°).Three manual shapes-l(m), u(m), and o(m)-were made to have a similar angle to their steam-shaped counterparts.The stability of the microcatheters was evaluated by passing them through a 5 f catheter and inserting microguidewires.The tip angles of the microcatheters and the angle change rates were compared between groups.Results the mean angle of the microcatheters after steam shaping was 42.4°-54.1° for l(s) shape, 80.2°-96.7° for u(s) shape, and 130.7°-150.8° for o(s) shape.Five microcatheters showed significantly different mean angle reductions after passing through the 5 f catheter (17.4%-30.3%) and inserting microguidewires (24.1%-61.2%).Different microguidewires also caused significantly different mean angle reductions (34.6%-50.8%).The reduced angle caused by the guidewire was almost completely recovered after withdrawing it (93.2%-101.6%).Although manual-shaped microcatheters showed a 4.2%-6.3% greater angle reduction than steam-shaped microcatheters after passing through the 5 f catheter, the final tip angle was not significantly different between the two groups and was within 10%.Conclusion the tip angle of the microcatheters after steam shaping using mandrels may differ depending on the shape of the mandrel and the type of microcatheter used, and the stability varies depending on the type of microcatheter.The manual shaping of microcatheters can be a good alternative to steam shaping.

Journal: Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
The impact of surgical sequence on outcome rates of artificial urinary sphincter implantation: comparative effectiveness of primary, secondary and repeat implantation.

To determine whether salvage artificial urinary sphincter (aus) implantation after prior incontinence surgery achieves outcomes comparable to primary aus implantation.Methods we retrospectively evaluated data of patients undergoing aus implantation from 2009 to 2014.Functional outcome was objectified by 1-h stress pad test, uroflowmetry, post-void residual urine measurement, clinical examination, and chart review.Complications were categorized according to clavien-dindo classification system.Kaplan-meier analysis determined explantation-free survival.Results a total of 235 patients were included of whom 165 (70.2%) underwent primary aus.In 70 patients, salvage incontinence surgery was performed, with 24 (10.2%) patients undergoing aus reimplantation after prior aus surgery (repeat aus) and 46 (19.6%) patients undergoing aus surgery after any other type of incontinence surgery (secondary aus).There were no significant differences in rates of continence among primary aus and repeat aus patients.Patients undergoing secondary aus had significantly better continence rates than primary and repeat aus patients.Three-year explantation-free survival rates after aus insertion were 82.3% (primary aus), 78.6% (repeat aus) and 81.5% (secondary aus).There were no differences in complication rates among the groups.Conclusion aus is a safe option in the treatment of severe incontinence even after prior aus or any other prior incontinence surgery and can still achieve satisfactory outcomes as salvage treatment.

Journal: World journal of urology (2020)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article