syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
An update on host immunity correlates and prospects of re-infection in COVID-19.

Reinfection with sars-co v-2 is not frequent yet the incidence rate of it is increasing globally owing to the slow emergence of drift variants that pose a perpetual threat to vaccination strategies and have a greater propensity for disease reoccurrence.Long-term protection against sars-co v-2 reinfection relies on the induction of the innate as well as the adaptive immune response endowed with immune memory.However, a multitude of factors including the selection pressure, the waning immunity against sars-co v-2 over the first year after infection possibly favors evolution of more infectious immune escape variants, amplifying the risk of reinfection.Additionally, the correlates of immune protection, the novel sars-co v-2 variants of concern (voc), the durability of the adaptive and mucosal immunity remain major challenges for the development of therapeutic and prophylactic interventions.Interestingly, a recent body of evidence indicated that the gastrointestinal (gi) tract is another important target organ for sars-co v-2 besides the respiratory system, potentially increasing the likelihood of reinfection by impacting the microbiome and the immune response via the gut-lung axis.In this review, we summarized the latest development in sars-co v-2 reinfection, and explored the untapped potential of trained immunity.We also highlighted the immune memory kinetics of the humoral and cell-mediated immune response, genetic drift of the emerging viral variants, and discussed the current challenges in vaccine development.Understanding the dynamics and the quality of immune response by unlocking the power of the innate, humoral and cell-mediated immunity during sars-co v-2 reinfection would open newer avenues for drug discovery and vaccine designs.

Journal: International reviews of immunology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Engineered bridge protein with dual affinity for bone morphogenetic protein-2 and collagen enhances bone regeneration for spinal fusion.

The revolutionizing efficacy of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rh bmp-2) for clinical spinal fusion is hindered by safety issues associated with the high dose required.However, it continues to be widely used, for example, in in fuse bone graft (medtronic).Here, we developed a translational protein engineering-based approach to reduce the dose and thereby improve the safety of rh bmp-2 delivered in a collagen sponge, as in in fuse bone graft.We engineered a bridge protein with high affinity for rh bmp-2 and collagen that can be simply added to the product's formulation, demonstrating improved efficacy at low dose of rh bmp-2 in two mouse models of bone regeneration, including a newly developed spinal fusion model.Moreover, the bridge protein can control the retention of rh bmp-2 from endogenous collagenous extracellular matrix of tissue.Our approach may be generalizable to other growth factors and collagen-based materials, for use in many other applications in regenerative medicine.

Journal: Science advances (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Endoscopic Transcortical Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy for Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.

This surgical video shows a 19-yr-old woman with focal impaired awareness seizures.Seizure semiology showed no lateralizing signs.Ictal electroencephalography (eeg) failed to determine the seizure origin.Interictal eeg showed bilateral spike-and-waves at the temporal electrodes.Magnetic resonance imaging (mri) showed suspected hippocampal sclerosis on the right side.To determine the side of the focus, depth electrodes were implanted in both hippocampi.Invasive video eeg identified the seizure origin on the right.The decision was made to perform selective amygdalohippocampectomy (sel ah) via the middle temporal gyrus (mtg).An endoscope was used to minimize the craniotomy and shorten the skin incision.A 5-cm linear skin incision and 2.5-cm craniotomy were made.A thin tube was inserted to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle (inf-h) under neuronavigation to guide the route to the inf-h.The endoscope was introduced.A 1.5-cm corticotomy was made at the mtg, and white matter was aspirated until opening the inf-h.The hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus were removed with the usual steps in microsurgical sel ah.The surgical time was 4 h 20 min.The patient was discharged without complications and has remained seizure free.In addition to the preoperative objectives, using an endoscope widens the surgical view in the inf-h compared with microsurgical procedures.Although seizure and cognitive outcomes are expected to be comparable to those from other methods of sel ah, invasiveness might be reduced.This appears to represent the first video report of endoscopic sel ah.The patient consented to the procedure and publication of her images and surgical video.

Journal: Operative neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
MPS1 is involved in the HPV16-E7-mediated centrosomes amplification.

It has been reported that the oncoprotein e7 from human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv16-e7) can induce the excessive synthesis of centrosomes through the increase in the expression of plk4, which is a transcriptional target of e2f1.On the other hand, it has been reported that increasing mps1 protein stability can also generate an excessive synthesis of centrosomes.In this work, we analyzed the possible role of mps1 in the amplification of centrosomes mediated by hpv16-e7.Results employing q rt-pcr, western blot, and immunofluorescence techniques, we found that e7 induces an increase in the mps1 transcript and protein levels in the u2os cell line, as well as protein stabilization.Besides, we observed that inhibiting the expression of mps1 in e7 protein-expressing cells leads to a significant reduction in the number of centrosomes.Conclusions these results indicate that the presence of the mps1 protein is necessary for e7 protein to increase the number of centrosomes, and possible implications are discussed.

Journal: Cell division (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effects of exertional dyspnea on early mobilization of patients with acute decompensated heart failure.

[purpose] in this study, we investigated the association between exertional dyspnea and length of the mobilization program in patients with acute decompensated heart failure.[participants and methods] we recruited all consecutive patients with heart failure who were hemodynamically stabilized after administration of intravenous medication and were able to walk >10 m before admission.Exertional dyspnea was evaluated using the visual analog scale in all patients after the 10-m walk during each session of the mobilization program.Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with length of the mobilization program.[results] our study included 52 patients.Multiple regression analysis showed that the length of the mobilization program was significantly associated with the visual analog scale on day 3 and the length before the start of the mobilization program; however, the length of the mobilization program showed no significant association with age and blood urea nitrogen levels.The standardized coefficients for the visual analog scale scores on day 3 and the length before the start of the mobilization program were 0.49 and 0.33, respectively.[conclusion] exertional dyspnea is a good predictor of the length of the mobilization program.Our findings highlight the importance of evaluation of exertional dyspnea.

Journal: Journal of physical therapy science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Interplay between cell height variations and planar pulsations in epithelial monolayers.

Biological tissues change their shapes through collective interactions of cells.This coordination sets length and time scales for dynamics where precision is essential, in particular during morphogenetic events.However, how these scales emerge remains unclear.Here, we address this question using the pulsatile domains observed in confluent epithelial mdck monolayers where cells exhibit synchronous contraction and extension cycles of [formula: see text] h duration and [formula: see text] length scale.We report that the monolayer thickness changes gradually in space and time by more than twofold in order to counterbalance the contraction and extension of the incompressible cytoplasm.We recapitulate these pulsatile dynamics using a continuum model and show that incorporation of cell stiffness dependent height variations is critical both for generating temporal pulsations and establishing the domain size.We propose that this feedback between height and mechanics could be important in coordinating the length scales of tissue dynamics.

Journal: The European physical journal. E, Soft matter (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Lack of genetic structure in euryhaline Chelon labrosus from the estuaries under anthropic pressure in the Southern Bay of Biscay to the coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea.

Over the last decade, xenoestrogenic effects have been reported in populations of thicklip grey mullet chelon labrosus from contaminated estuaries in the bay of biscay, resulting in intersex condition.To understand the level of gene flow in individuals of different basque estuaries microsatellite markers were used to evaluate the population structure and connectivity of c.Labrosus from estuaries of the basque coast.46 microsatellites were tested and 10 validated for the analysis of 204 individuals collected from 5 selected basque estuaries and 2 outgroups in the bay of cadiz and thermaic gulf.The polymorphic microsatellites revealed 74 total alleles, 2-19 alleles per locus.The mean observed heterozygosity (0.49 ± 0.02) was lower than the expected one (0.53 ± 0.01).There was no evidence of genetic differentiation (fst= 0.0098, p = 0.0000) among individuals or sites.Bayesian clustering analysis revealed a single population in all sampled locations.The results of this study indicate widespread genetic homogeneity and panmixia of c.Labrosus across the current sampling areas spanning the atlantic and mediterranean basins.The hypothesis of panmixia could therefore be well supported so individuals inhabiting estuaries with high prevalence of intersex condition should be considered as members of the same single genetic group as those inhabiting adjacent estuaries without incidence of xenoestrogenicity.

Journal: Marine environmental research (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Empagliflozin does not change cardiac index nor systemic vascular resistance but rapidly improves left ventricular filling pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled study.

In the empa-reg outcome trial (empagliflozin cardiovascular outcome event trial) treatment with the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (sglt2) inhibitor empagliflozin significantly reduced heart failure hospitalization (hhf) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2d) and established cardiovascular disease.The early separation of the hhf event curves within the first 3 months of the trial suggest that immediate hemodynamic effects may play a role.However, hitherto no data exist on early effects of sglt2 inhibitors on hemodynamic parameters and cardiac function.Thus, this study examined early and delayed effects of empagliflozin treatment on hemodynamic parameters including systemic vascular resistance index, cardiac index, and stroke volume index, as well as echocardiographic measures of cardiac function.Methods in this placebo-controlled, randomized, double blind, exploratory study patients with t2d were randomized to empagliflozin 10 mg or placebo for a period of 3 months.Hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters were assessed after 1 day, 3 days and 3 months of treatment.Results baseline characteristics were not different in the empagliflozin (n = 22) and placebo (n = 20) group.Empagliflozin led to a significant increase in urinary glucose excretion (baseline: 7.3 ± 22.7 g/24 h; day 1: 48.4 ± 34.7 g/24 h; p < 0.001) as well as urinary volume (1740 ± 601 m l/24 h to 2112 ± 837 m l/24 h; p = 0.011) already after one day compared to placebo.Treatment with empagliflozin had no effect on the primary endpoint of systemic vascular resistance index, nor on cardiac index, stroke volume index or pulse rate at any time point.In addition, echocardiography showed no difference in left ventricular systolic function as assessed by left ventricular ejections fraction and strain analysis.However, empagliflozin significantly improved left ventricular filling pressure as assessed by a reduction of early mitral inflow velocity relative to early diastolic left ventricular relaxation (e/e') which became significant at day 1 of treatment (baseline: 9.2 ± 2.6; day 1: 8.5 ± 2.2; p = 0.005) and remained apparent throughout the study.This was primarily attributable to reduced early mitral inflow velocity e (baseline: 0.8 ± 0.2 m/s; day 1: 0.73 ± 0.2 m/sec; p = 0.003).Conclusions empagliflozin treatment of patients with t2d has no significant effect on hemodynamic parameters after 1 or 3 days, nor after 3 months, but leads to rapid and sustained significant improvement of diastolic function.Trial registration eudra ct number: 2016-000172-19; date of registration: 2017-02-20 (clinicaltrialregister.eu).

Journal: Cardiovascular diabetology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Design of Financial Incentive Programs for Smoking Cessation: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Introduction financial incentive programs promote smoking cessation.However, the incentive amount which should be provided-and how this may interact with other program characteristics-is unknown.The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the design of incentive programs for smoking cessation on current smokers' perceptions of programs and willingness to enroll.Method an online discrete choice experiment was conducted amongst adult current smokers residing in the united kingdom (n = 430).Hypothetical incentive programs were described using five attributes (incentive amount, incentive type, frequency of sessions, reward schedules, program location).Participants responded to a series of choice sets comprised of two hypothetical programs.For each set, participants selected their preferred program.They then specified whether they would enroll in their preferred program if it were available.Analyses also considered the effect of participant income on preferences.Results overall, participants preferred higher amounts over lower amounts, cash over vouchers, healthcare settings over workplaces, and consistent amounts over an escalating schedule.One session per week was the most preferred session frequency.Willingness to enroll increased quadratically with the incentive amount, although this increase slowed for higher amounts.Although middle- and high-income smokers preferred slightly higher amounts (cf.Low-income participants), enrollment choices did not differ by income.Conclusion the characteristics of incentive programs influence smokers' perceptions of programs and willingness to enroll.Higher amounts may encourage greater enrollment rates, but there will likely be a ceiling point beyond which increasing the incentive amount does not meaningfully increase enrollments.Implications there is increasing evidence incentive programs aid smoking cessation.Yet, the variety in previous program designs means how to best structure programs, including optimal incentive amount and the impact of the design on potential enrollment rates, remains unclear.This study suggests enrollments may be highest when incentive amounts are higher, rewards of a consistent amount in cash are provided, and sessions occur once per week in a healthcare setting.Although higher-income participants may desire higher incentive amounts compared to lower-income participants, this may not translate into differences in willingness to enroll.

Journal: Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Trained immunity: A Yin-Yang balance.

Traditionally, immune memory is regarded as an exclusive hallmark of adaptive immunity.However, a growing body of evidence suggesting that innate immune cells show adaptive characteristics has challenged this dogma.In the past decade, trained immunity, a de facto innate immune memory, has been defined as a long-term functional reprogramming of cells of the innate immune system: the reprogramming is evoked by endogenous or exogenous insults, the cells return to a nonactivated state and subsequently show altered inflammatory responses against a second challenge.Trained immunity became regarded as a mechanism selected in evolution to protect against infection; however, a maladaptive effect might result in hyperinflammation.This dual effect is consistent with the yin-yang theory in traditional chinese philosophy, in which yang represents active, positive, and aggressive factors, whereas yin represents passive, negative, and inhibitory factors.In this review, we give a brief overview of history and latest progress about trained immunity, including experimental models, inductors, molecular mechanisms, clinical application and so on.Moreover, this is the first time to put forward the theory of yin-yang balance to understand trained immunity.We envision that more efforts will be focused on developing novel immunotherapies targeting trained immunity in the coming years.

Journal: MedComm (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Living well with kidney disease by patient and care-partner empowerment: kidney health for everyone everywhere.

Living with chronic kidney disease (ckd) is associated with hardships for patients and their care-partners.Empowering patients and their care-partners, including family members or friends involved in their care, may help minimize burden and consequences of ckd-related symptoms to enable life participation.There is a need to broaden the focus on living well with kidney disease and re-engagement in life, including emphasis on patients being in control.The world kidney day (wkd) joint steering committee has declared 2021 the year of "living well with kidney disease" in an effort to increase education and awareness on the important goal of patient empowerment and life participation.This calls for the development and implementation of validated patient-reported outcome measures to assess and address areas of life participation in routine care.It could be supported by regulatory agencies as a metric for quality care or to support labelling claims for medicines and devices.Funding agencies could establish targeted calls for research that address the priorities of patients.Patients with kidney disease and their care-partners should feel supported to live well through concerted efforts by kidney care communities including during pandemics.In the overall wellness program for kidney disease patients, the need for prevention should be reiterated.Early detection with prolonged course of wellness despite kidney disease, after effective secondary and tertiary prevention programs, should be promoted.Wkd 2021 continues to call for increased awareness of the importance of preventive measures throughout populations, professionals, and policy makers, applicable to both developed and developing countries.

Journal: Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Assessment of heavy metal contamination in street dust: concentrations, bioaccessibility, and human health risks in coal mine and thermal power plant complex.

Coal mining has also been associated with adverse environmental and health impacts including cancer and respiratory disorders, with the presence of thermal power plants exacerbating the problem of heavy metal pollution.Minimal studies have been conducted on the environmental impacts, health risks, and bioaccessibility of heavy metals in coal mine areas.Consequently, samples of street dust were collected from different locations in the singrauli mine complex and analysed.Heavy metals (cu, ni, zn, cr, co, as, and mo) were found to be higher than the background concentration, with the maximum concentration was found in areas close to the thermal power plants, like near vindyachal tpp, near shakti nagar tpp, and anpara.The highest geo-accumulation index value was found for co, mo, zn, and as, indicating moderate to strong pollution levels.Health risk assessment (for both adults and children) revealed that cr and fe posed significantly higher hazard quotient and hazard index (hi) values, indicating significant non-carcinogenic threats.Moreover, carcinogenic risk (cr) values for cd, cr, and ni indicated a risk of carcinogenicity to the public exposed to road dust.The study also examined the bioaccessibility of the metals, which showed that the gastric phase accumulated a higher percentage of ni (42.52%), pb (34.79%), co (22.22%), as (20%) and cu (15%) than the intestinal phase.Strong positive correlation was observed between metal concentration (cu, pb, cr, fe, zn, and mn), hi, and cr of adult and child, while bioaccessibility of intestinal phase was positively correlated with gastric phase of metals (cu, ni, co, as, and mn).

Journal: Environmental geochemistry and health (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Crystal structure of ethyl 2-(3-amino-5-oxo-2-tosyl-2,5-di-hydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetate.

In the title compound, c14h17n3o5s, the five-membered ring is essentially planar.The substituents at the nitro-gen atoms subtend a c-n-n-s torsion angle of -95.52 (6)°.The amino group forms an intra-molecular hydrogen bond to a sulfonyl oxygen atom; two inter-molecular hydrogen bonds from the amino group, to the other s=o group and to the oxo substituent, form a layer structure parallel to theabplane.The structure determination confirms that the title compound is n- rather than o-alkyl-ated.

Journal: Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The role of enteric dysbacteriosis and modulation of gut microbiota in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is globally increasing.This disorder seriously affects the quality of life in patients.Interestingly, studies have detected that the intestinal flora imbalance is a critical factor in the progression of ibd.One potential treatment strategy for ibd involves regulating the composition and function of the intestinal flora.To date, a multitude of experiments have confirmed the relationship between intestinal flora, immune regulation, and anti-inflammation.The intestinal flora can reduce intestinal inflammation by regulating immunity and increasing the secretion of metabolic short-chain fatty acids.In this review, we discuss the composition and function of the intestinal flora, the relationship between the intestinal flora and the host, the role of intestinal flora disorders in ibd, and the progress in ibd treatment.Combining the regulation of the intestinal flora with probiotics treatment is considered a promising strategy for substantially improving the treatment of ibd.

Journal: Microbial pathogenesis (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review