syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Y-splitting medial rectus muscle and recession in treatment for convergence excess esotropia.

To evaluate the surgical outcome of medial rectus (mr) recession with y-splitting procedure in treatment of esotropia with convergence excess.Methods medical records were retrospectively reviewed for those patients who underwent surgical treatment for their convergence excess esotropia (ceet) between january 2018 and december 2020.Refractive error was examined by the equipment of the vs100 (welch allyn).The surgical approach was bilateral mr recession with y-splitting.The amount of recession was calculated according to the deviation angle at distance.Ocular movement and ocular alignment at distance and near were evaluated pre- and post-operatively.Binocular sensory status was evaluated by the bagolini striated glasses at near and distance, and by stereoacuity assessment at near using the titmus test.Results six patients with ceet were included in this study.Four of them were hyperopia and two of them were myopia.A mean of eso-deviation angle at distance had been changed from 27.3±13.02 prism diopters (pd) preoperatively to 1.83±1.60 pd postoperatively (p<0.05), while a mean of eso-deviation angle at near had been changed from 50.00±20.74 pd preoperatively to 6.83±0.98 pd postoperatively (p<0.05).Patients had obtained binocular vision postoperatively.Conclusion the surgical approach of y-splitting mr and recession is effective in treatment of ceet.

Journal: International journal of ophthalmology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Circularly polarized luminescent porous crystalline nanomaterials.

Circularly polarized luminescence (cpl)-active materials have attracted exclusive attention because of their wide potential applications in low-power-consumption displays, encrypted information storage, chiroptical sensors, and so on.However, there is always a trade-off between the luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) and luminescence quantum yield, which are two critical parameters.Therefore, developing materials with both largeglumvalues and high luminescence efficiency is a key issue for constructing high-efficiency cpl materials.To date, chiral porous crystalline nanomaterials (pcnms) including metal-organic frameworks (mofs), porous organic-cages (pocs), metal-organic cages (mocs), and supramolecular organic frameworks (sofs), have shown excellent potential for solving this problem and achieving functional cpl-active materials.In this review, we will summarize several approaches for fabricating cpl-active pcnms, such as direct synthesis, chirality induction, and symmetry breaking.Furthermore, with flexibly tunable structures and comprehensive host-guest chemistry, modulation and amplification of cpl can be achieved in these pcnms.We would like to provide insight and perspective that pcnms can act as an efficient platform in the cpl research field.

Journal: Nanoscale (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Unexpected postmortem diagnoses in cases of clinically diagnosed amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) is a motor neuron disease that is clinically and pathologically characterized by impairment of the upper and lower motor neurons.The clinical diagnosis of als is not always straightforward because of the lack of specific biomarkers and clinical heterogeneity.This review presents the clinical and pathological findings of four autopsied cases that had been diagnosed with als before death.These cases had demonstrated definite and progressive motor neuron signs and symptoms, whereas postmortem assessment revealed miscellaneous disorders, including fungal infection, paraneoplastic syndrome, and amyloidosis.Importantly, nonmotor neuron signs and symptoms, including seizures, extra-pyramidal signs, ocular movement disorders, sensory disturbance, and dysautonomia, had also been documented during the disease course of the cases in the present study.The als-unlike symptoms were indicative of the "true" diagnosis in each case when those symptoms were isolated from motor neuron signs/symptoms.

Journal: Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Low-dose oxytocin as an adjunct to Foley catheter for cervical ripening in nulliparous women at MTRH, Eldoret, Kenya: A randomized controlled trial.

To investigate whether the addition of oxytocin to cervical ripening with a foley catheter (fc) among nulliparous women shortens the time to delivery.Methods in this double-blinded randomized trial conducted at moi teaching and referral hospital, 220 women were randomly assigned to fc plus low-dose oxytocin as treatment or fc plus placebo as controls in a 1:1 ratio.A modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed using spss v24.The protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee and registered at www.ctr.pharmacyboardkenya.org; ecct/19/08/02.Results baseline characteristics were similar.Time to delivery was shorter by 3 h in the treatment group compared with the controls (25.4 versus 28.4 h, p = 0.002).The treatment group had a 22% increased likelihood of delivery within 24 h compared with the controls (53.3% versus 43.1%, relative risk [rr] 1.22, 95% confidence interval [ci] 0.938-1.579, p = 0.135).The controls were however twice more likely to deliver by cesarean section than the treatment group (39% versus 21%, rr 2.32, 95% ci 1.16-2.73, p = 0.006).There were no significant differences in neonatal or other maternal outcomes.Conclusion fc with adjunctive oxytocin for cervical ripening in nulliparous women results in a shorter time to delivery and reduced cesarean deliveries when compared with fc alone.

Journal: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Main Targets of Interest for the Development of a Prophylactic or Therapeutic Epstein-Barr Virus Vaccine.

Epstein-barr virus (ebv) is one of the most widespread viruses in the world; more than 90% of the planet's adult population is infected.Symptomatic primary infection by this herpesviridaecorresponds to infectious mononucleosis (im), which is generally a benign disease.While virus persistence is often asymptomatic, it is responsible for 1.5% of cancers worldwide, mainly b cell lymphomas and carcinomas.Ebv may also be associated with autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases.However, no effective treatment or anti-ebv vaccine is currently available.Knowledge of the proteins and mechanisms involved in the different steps of the viral cycle is essential to the development of effective vaccines.The present review describes the main actors in the entry of the virus into b cells and epithelial cells, which are targets of interest in the development of prophylactic vaccines aimed at preventing viral infection.This review also summarizes the first vaccinal approaches tested in humans, all of which are based on the gp350/220 glycoprotein; while they have reduced the risk of im, they have yet to prevent ebv infection.The main proteins involved in the ebv latency cycle and some of the proteins involved in the lytic cycle have essential roles in the oncogenesis of ebv.For that reason, these proteins are of interest for the development of therapeutic vaccines of which the objective is the stimulation of t cell immunity against ebv-associated cancers.New strategies aimed at broadening the antigenic spectrum, are currently being studied and will contribute to the targeting of the essential steps of the viral cycle, the objective being to prevent or treat the diseases associated with ebv.

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Biomarker for Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There is increasing evidence to suggest that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (nlr) is related to the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma (rcc) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (icis).However, these findings are inconsistent.The present study was performed with the aim of exploring the utility of nlr in patients with rcc treated with icis.For this purpose, a comprehensive search of pub med, web of science, and embase was performed to find studies evaluating the prognostic value of nlr.The overall survival (os) and progression-free survival (pfs) were the assessed clinical outcomes.All statistical analysis was performed using stata version 12.0 software.The combined hazard ratios (hrs) and 95% confidence intervals (cis) of nlr for os and pfs were calculated using the random-effect models.Heterogeneity was evaluated based on the i2value and cochran's qtest.Egger's and begg's tests were applied to precisely assess the publication bias.The "trim and fill" method was adopted to perform the sensitivity analysis to determine whether the results were stable.In total, 12 studies encompassing 1,275 patients were included in the final analysis.The results revealed that a high nlr at baseline or pre-therapy was associated with a poor os (hr, 2.23; 95% ci, 1.84-2.70;p< 0.001) and pfs (hr, 1.78; 95% ci, 1.72-2.09;p< 0.001).During the course of treatment, a decrease in the nlr was associated with a significantly longer os (hr, 0.34; 95% ci, 0.20-0.56;p< 0.001) and pfs (hr, 0.44; 95% ci, 0.30-0.63;p< 0.001) compared to an increase in nlr.As a preliminary screening of other risk factors, age, sex, race, and imdc risk may have a certain prognostic value for rcc treated with icis.People over 70 years old had better os compared to people younger than 70 (hr, 0.65; 95% ci, 0.48-0.89).Non-caucasians treated with immunotherapy had a worse os (hr, 8.67; 95% ci, 2.87-26.2) and pfs (hr, 2.65; 95% ci, 1.28-5.48) than caucasians.Males had a worse os than females (hr, 1.48; 95% ci, 1.14-1.93).Compared with the imdc favorable risk group, the os of the imdc poor risk group was worse (hr, 2.59; 95% ci, 1.56-4.32).There was no significant publication bias or heterogeneity observed in the present study.On the whole, the present study demonstrated that an elevated nlr is associated with an adverse os and pfs in patients with rcc treated with icis.The nlr may thus be used as a readily available prognostic biomarker for these patients.Age, sex, race, and imdc risk may have potential predictive value for the prognosis of rcc treated with icis.However, further investigations are warranted to validate these results.

Journal: Frontiers in oncology (2021)
Publication types: Systematic Review;Journal Article
Gallbladder Cancer with Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia Complicated by Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction: A Case Report.

We report herein a case of gallbladder cancer with biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (bil in) complicated by pancreaticobiliary maljunction (pbm).A 60-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for thickening of the gallbladder wall diagnosed via ultrasonography at the referring clinic.The radiographic images showed thickening of the gallbladder wall and a high confluence of pancreaticobiliary ducts outside the duodenal wall without dilatation of the bile duct.The amylase level in the bile duct was highly elevated.The patient was initially diagnosed with pbm without biliary dilatation, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed.Histopathology of the resected specimen revealed gallbladder cancer localized in the mucosa propria with widespread bil in.Immunohistochemical analyses showed positive results for s100p,imp3 and p16ink4ain tumor cells, but a positive result for only imp3 in adenocarcinoma.Expression of p53 was negative.Oncogenic krasmutations were not detected in tumor cells.The patient was diagnosed with gallbladder cancer with bil in complicated by pbm.This case report may be useful in clarifying the carcinogenic process and genetic mutations for gallbladder cancer associated with pbm.

Journal: Yonago acta medica (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Nurse's Psychological Experiences of Caring for Severe COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care Units: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis.

Covid-19 has been listed as an international public health emergency.During the pandemic, the nurses were affected physically and mentally when in contact with and caring for patients infected with covid-19, especially those in intensive care units (icus).Objective to summarize and evaluate the actual psychological experience of nurses caring for patients with severe pneumonia in the icus during the covid-19 pandemic.Methods relevant publications were identified by systematic searches across 11 databases in december 2021.All qualitative and mixed-method studies in english and chinese from 2019 that explored the experiences of nurses who cared for severe covid-19 patients in icus were included.The qualitative meta-synthesis followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (prisma) recommendations.Two independent reviewers selected the studies and assessed the quality of each study.Meta-synthesis was performed to integrate the results.Results a total of 12 studies revealed 9 sub-themes and 3 descriptive themes: physical reactions and psychological changes, the need for support from multiple sources, and increased adaptation and resilience.Conclusion nurses who treated severe covid-19 patients have experienced severe work trials and emotional reactions during the pandemic.They have also developed personally in this process.Managers should develop strategies that address the nurse's needs for external support, reasonably respond to public health emergencies, and improve nursing care outcomes.

Journal: Frontiers in public health (2022)
Publication types: Systematic Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Journal Article
Impact of structural relaxation on mechanical properties of amorphous polymers.

Fusion based methods, such as hot-melt extrusion, are a common way of preparing amorphous solid dispersions.Since the amorphous glass, however, is not in a configurational equilibrium, the molecular arrangement of the obtained material can differ in dependence of the preparation conditions.Although the changes in the configuration of an amorphous material, which are commonly referred to as structural relaxation or physical aging, are well investigated, the impact on mechanical properties of amorphous solid dispersions have widely been neglected so far.The presented study investigated copovidone as a model polymer commonly used in amorphous solid dispersions and revealed that structural relaxation was already introduced into the polymer during hot-melt extrusion while its degree was cooling rate dependent.The degree of structural relaxation significantly affected the mechanical properties of copovidone as assessed by diametral compression tests, macroindentation and nanoindentation.An increase in young's modulus and indentation hardness was observable with a higher degree of structural relaxation, which, during tablet compression, translated into tablets with significantly lower tensile strength.Furthermore, evaluation of the force-displacement curves during tablet compression revealed a decreased proportion of irreversible deformation with higher degree of structural relaxation correlating well with the increased indentation hardness during macroindentation.Thus, understanding structural relaxation and its impact on material properties is of utmost importance to assess the processability and compaction performance of amorphous solid dispersions in dependence of their preparation conditions and thermal history.

Journal: European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Comparison of stone retropulsion between Moses mode and virtual basket mode: an in vitro study using artificial stones.

This study aimed to evaluate stone retropulsion in various laser pulse modes in both moses mode (mm) and virtual basket mode (vbm).Experiments were performed using a channel-shaped rubber rail and artificial stones.We compared short pulse mode and long pulse mode in both mm and vbm with the laser tip positioned so that it was touching and at 1 and 2 mm distances from the stone surface.Stone retropulsion was measured after the laser fired for 10 s in three different laser settings: 0.5 j/8 hz, 0.8 j/8 hz and 1.0 j/8 hz.When the laser tip was touching the artificial stone, stone retropulsion in mm was significantly shorter than that in vbm in all laser settings (p < 0.01, p = 0.02 and p = 0.02, respectively).At 1-mm distance, stone retropulsion in mm was significantly shorter than that in vbm in 0.8 j/8 hz and 1.0 j/8 hz settings (p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively).At 2-mm distance, however, there were no differences between mm and vbm in stone retropulsion in any laser settings.Stone retropulsion was not significantly different between the laser settings at 1-mm distance in mm, or when touching in vbm.In conclusion, stone retropulsion distance in mm can be shorter than that in vbm.Stone retropulsion in mm and vbm may be differently influenced by laser settings and laser tip position.

Journal: Urolithiasis (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
'Moderate global aphasia': A generalized decline of language processing caused by glioma surgery but not stroke.

Unlike stroke, neurosurgical removal of left-hemisphere gliomas acts upon a reorganized language network and involves brain areas rarely damaged by stroke.We addressed whether this causes the profiles of neurosurgery- and stroke-induced language impairments to be distinct.K-means clustering of language assessment data (neurosurgery cohort: n = 88, stroke cohort: n = 95) identified similar profiles in both cohorts.But critically, a cluster of individuals with specific phonological deficits was only evident in the stroke but not in the neurosurgery cohort.Thus, phonological deficits are less clearly distinguished from other language deficits after glioma surgery compared to stroke.Furthermore, the correlations between language production and comprehension scores at different linguistic levels were more extensive in the neurosurgery than in the stroke cohort.Our findings suggest that neurosurgery-induced language impairments do not correspond to those caused by stroke, but rather manifest as a 'moderate global aphasia' - a generalized decline of language processing abilities.

Journal: Brain and language (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Fumigant toxicity and behavioral inhibition of garlic against red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta).

In order to control the solenopsis invicta (s.Invicta) in a safe and ecofriendly manner, this study evaluated the fumigating activity of garlic and its effect on the behavior of s.Invicta.The volatile compounds and chemical constituents from garlic were collected by solid phase micro-extraction and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms).The results showed that garlic contains 21 compounds, and that diallyl disulfide (46.51%) and (e)-1-allyl-2-(prop-1-en-1-yl) disulfane (34.68%) were the main constituents in garlic.In addition, garlic showed strong fumigant activity and behavioral inhibition against workers.The lc50values of diallyl disulfide and methyl allyl disulfide against s.Invicta at 12 h were 0.05 and 0.07 μg/l, respectively.The grasping and walking abilities of ants were significantly suppressed.Moreover, minor workers were more susceptible than major workers.Thus, s.Invicta can be controlled with garlic and some of its compounds as an eco-friendly approach.Results from the study could provide valuable advances for future fumigant development and possible utility in fumigant use.

Journal: Environmental science and pollution research international (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Long short-term memory network of machine learning for compensating temperature error of a fiber optic gyroscope independent of the temperature sensor.

We present an artificial intelligence compensation method for temperature error of a fiber optic gyroscope (fog).The difference from the existing methods is that the compensation model finally determined by this method only uses the fog's data to complete the regression prediction of the temperature error and eliminate the dependency on the temperature sensor.In the experimental stage, the proposed method performs temperature experiments with three varying trends of temperature heating, holding, and cooling and obtains sufficient output data sets of the fog.Taking the output time series of the fog as the input sample and based on the long short-term memory network of machine learning, the training, validation, and test of the model are completed.From the two perspectives of network learning ability and the improvement degree of the fog's performance, four indicators, including root mean square error, error cumulative distribution function, fog bias stability, and allan variance analysis are selected to evaluate the performance of the compensation model comprehensively.Compared with the existing methods using temperature information for prediction and compensation, the results show that the error compensation method without temperature information proposed can effectively improve the accuracy of the fog and reduce the complexity of the compensation system.The work can also provide technical references for error compensation of other sensors.

Journal: Applied optics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Musculoskeletal pain in psoriasis-relation to inflammation and additional value of ultrasound in psoriatic arthritis classification.

To investigate and compare clinical features and us signs of inflammation in joints and entheses in patients with psoriasis with and without musculoskeletal pain, and the additional value of us in classification of ps a.Furthermore, to explore the association between such findings and patient-reported outcomes (pros) and the performance of screening-questionnaires for identifying patients with ps a.Methods patients with psoriasis (n = 126) recruited from a nationwide survey were evaluated at one of four rheumatology departments.The evaluation included clinical examination, laboratory tests, radiography, greyscale and colour doppler us of 48 joints and 12 entheses, pros, and four screening questionnaires for ps a.Patients were classified with classification for ps a (caspar), us-modified caspar, and us-only criteria.Results when subgroups of self-reported pain (63%), no pain (29%) and diagnosed ps a (9%) were compared, patients with pain had higher tenderness-related clinical scores (tender joints, entheses and fm points) and us greyscale sum-scores, compared with 'no pain' patients.Pros were negligibly moderately correlated with pain-related clinical scores (spearman's rho = 0.11-0.59, all patients), and negligibly weakly with us sum-scores (rho = 0.01-0.34).More patients could be classified as ps a when us synovitis/enthesitis was included as an entry criterion (us-modified caspar, 66% of all patients) compared with conventional caspar (35%) or us-only criteria (52%).Sensitivities of screening questionnaires were low for fulfilment of caspar (0.23-0.66), us-modified caspar (0.17-0.57), and us-only (0.20-0.57) criteria.Conclusion self-reported pain in psoriasis is related to us inflammation.Us-modified caspar criteria identified almost twice as many patients as conventional caspar criteria.Screening questionnaires showed limited value.

Journal: Rheumatology (Oxford, England) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't