syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
A Monte Carlo Study of Confidence Interval Methods for Generalizability Coefficient.

Computing confidence intervals around generalizability coefficients has long been a challenging task in generalizability theory.This is a serious practical problem because generalizability coefficients are often computed from designs where some facets have small sample sizes, and researchers have little guide regarding the trustworthiness of the coefficients.As generalizability theory can be framed to a linear mixed-effect model (lmm), bootstrap and simulation techniques from lmm paradigm can be used to construct the confidence intervals.The purpose of this research is to examine four different lmm-based methods for computing the confidence intervals that have been proposed and to determine their accuracy under six simulated conditions based on the type of test scores (normal, dichotomous, and polytomous data) and data measurement design (p×i×randp× [i:r]).A bootstrap technique called "parametric methods with spherical random effects" consistently produced more accurate confidence intervals than the three other lmm-based methods.Furthermore, the selected technique was compared with model-based approach to investigate the performance at the levels of variance components via the second simulation study, where the numbers of examines, raters, and items were varied.We conclude with the recommendation generalizability coefficients, the confidence interval should accompany the point estimate.

Journal: Educational and psychological measurement (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Comparison of Speech Recognition and Localization Ability in Single-sided Deaf Patients Implanted With Different Cochlear Implant Electrode Array Designs.

Choice of electrode array (ea) design and differences in outcome are major concerns both to patients with single-sided deafness (ssd) and to surgeons before cochlear implant (ci) surgery.The present work investigates the effects of ea design on 1) insertion depths, and 2) audiological outcomes of ssd ci recipients.Study design retrospective study.Setting tertiary academic center.Patients forty patients with acquired ssd matched according to duration of deafness main outcome measures:: fourteen ci recipients were implanted with a perimodiolar electrode (cochlear perimodiolar [cpm]), 12 with a shorter lateral wall electrode (cochlear lateral wall [clw]), and 14 with a longer lateral wall electrode array (med el lateral wall [mlw]).Postoperative rotational tomography was evaluated to determine cochlear size and ea angle of insertion depth (aid).Binaural speech comprehension in noise (in three configuration presentations) and localization ability were assessed 12 months postoperatively with ci.Results aid was significantly deeper in mlw (mean 527.94 degrees) compared with the cpm (mean 366.35 degrees) and clw groups (mean 367.01 degrees).No significant difference in aid was seen between the cpm and clw groups (difference 0.66 degrees).Cochlear sizes revealed no significant differences between any groups.All three groups showed significant improvement in head shadow effect (difference on average cpm: 6.3 d b spl, clw 5 d b spl, and mlw 4.05 d b spl) and localization ability at 12 months postoperatively (difference on average cpm: 19.72 degrees, clw: 24 degrees, and mlw: 12.9 degrees).No significant difference in the extent of audiological benefit was observed between any groups.Conclusion no effect on binaural benefit was apparent from the selection of the three ea designs in ssd ci recipients.Further studies focusing on subjective results, sound quality, and music perception depending on ea design in ssd ci recipients are needed.

Journal: Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Forsythiaside A alleviates methotrexate-induced intestinal mucositis in rats by modulating the NLRP3 signaling pathways.

Most chemotherapeutic drugs can kill the tumor cells, but also cause a vast damage to body, such as intestinal mucositis (im).The present study was design to find out the effect of forsythiaside a (fta) on chemotherapeutic-induced im in rats.Briefly, for 3 consecutive days, male sprague-dawley rats were treated with 7 mg / kg methotrexate (mtx) to establish im and simultaneously administered with 40 or 80 mg / kg fta for 7 days.Our results showed that the final body weight and daily food intake were increased, and the disease activity index was reduced in the mtx group after fta treatment.The mtx group showed the pathological alterations like the inflammatory cells infiltration, the mucosal layer destruction, glands expansion, intestinal villi structure disorder and goblet cells reduction, while we found that 80 mg / kg fta treatment displayed evident reversal effects.Elisa further suggested that tnf-α, il-1β and il-18 levels in serum in mtx-induced rats were reduced after 80 mg / kg fta treatment.Moreover, fta decreased the number of leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes in peripheral blood.Western blot and immunofluorescence results indicated that the expression levels of nlrp3, cleaved caspase 1, cleaved il-1β and cd68 positive rate were down-regulated in mtx-induced rats after 80 mg / kg fta intervention.The findings of the current study suggested that fta effectively inhibited mtx-induced im in rats by attenuating the activation of the nlrp3 signaling pathways.

Journal: International immunopharmacology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Optimal testosterone level to improve symptoms of hypogonadism without causing dopa-testotoxicosis in male macroprolactinoma.

Male prolactinoma treatment by dopamine agonists (da) restores sexual function.However, excessive da dose can lead to impulse control disorder.Objectives the aim of this retrospective study was to determine the level of testosterone that eliminates symptoms and provides fertility in male macroprolactinoma, without causing these adverse effects.Materials and methods twenty-seven male patients with macroprolactinoma were included.There were 16 macro (≥1-2.8cm), 7 large macro (≥2.9-3.9cm) and 4 giant (≥4cm) adenomas.Prolactin (prl) and testosterone (t) levels were evaluated.A timeline was created to analyze improvement in symptoms of hypogonadism and infertility.Testosterone levels were compared with age-matched controls.Results mean prl, basal tumor diameter and shrinkage were 2846±3415ng/m l, 27.2±10.2mm and 63.4%, respectively.Basal t levels were 1.6±1.0ng/m l for patients and 4.4±1.5ng/m l for controls (p<0.001).Mean t level in the asymptomatic period was significantly lower than in controls (3.2±0.4ng/m l vs.4.4±1.5ng/m l, respectively; p=0.002), while mean prl was 27.2ng/m l.Fertility was achieved in 6 of the patients seeking fertility, and there was no difference in t level between these patients and controls (3.7±0.8ng/m l and 4.4±1.5ng/m l, respectively; p=0.14); when fertility was achieved, mean prl was 26.9±23ng/m l.Conclusion patients should be carefully questioned regarding complaints at each consultation, and da dose should not be increased unnecessarily, to avoid possible serious adverse effects.

Journal: Annales d'endocrinologie (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The circadian clock and metabolic homeostasis: entangled networks.

The circadian clock exerts an important role in systemic homeostasis as it acts a keeper of time for the organism.The synchrony between the daily challenges imposed by the environment needs to be aligned with biological processes and with the internal circadian clock.In this review, it is provided an in-depth view of the molecular functioning of the circadian molecular clock, how this system is organized, and how central and peripheral clocks communicate with each other.In this sense, we provide an overview of the neuro-hormonal factors controlled by the central clock and how they affect peripheral tissues.We also evaluate signals released by peripheral organs and their effects in the central clock and other brain areas.Additionally, we evaluate a possible communication between peripheral tissues as a novel layer of circadian organization by reviewing recent studies in the literature.In the last section, we analyze how the circadian clock can modulate intracellular and tissue-dependent processes of metabolic organs.Taken altogether, the goal of this review is to provide a systemic and integrative view of the molecular clock function and organization with an emphasis in metabolic tissues.

Journal: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Main Features of Business English Translation and Teaching Model Optimization Based on the Logistic Model.

With the continuous development of global trade in recent years, business english has received more and more attention as a medium of communication.Business english is a branch of english, and in order to meet the practical needs in business, business english is involved in various business disciplines from foreign trade to international logistics, to economics, foreign trade correspondence, law, and so on, which need to be translated in a more targeted manner.Therefore, there are many professional tutorials for business english in the market to guide trade personnel in business english translation.Many scholars have also conducted comprehensive studies on business english translation, some starting from its stylistic features and some focusing on translation skills, but fewer scholars have conducted studies on business english translation through models, and there is still a lack of theoretical basis for how to effectively improve the translation of business english.Therefore, in order to reduce the friction between different cultures in trade, promote business english better, and provide convenience for foreign traders, this study will implement the basic principles of "faithfulness, elegance" in english translation, with the aim of improving the practicality and effectiveness of business english, mainly from the main features of business english translation, and then, in the process of analysis, we mainly use the logistic model to analyze the characteristics of business english translation, including timeliness, professionalism, uniqueness, and diversity.The final analysis results show that the influence of professionalism and diversity on the effect of business english translation is more obvious, and we need to carry out a special teaching mode for these two points.The final analysis shows that professionalism and diversity have a significant impact on the effectiveness of business english translation, and special teaching models are needed to optimize these two points.

Journal: Computational intelligence and neuroscience (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Nursing Assistants Working in Nursing Homes.

The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (wrmss) in different body parts for nursing assistants (nas) working in nursing homes is currently unknown.The aim of this study was to determine the extent of wrmss in nursing assistants and the factors associated with them.Four hundred and forty nas from 52 nursing homes, recruited by convenience sampling, participated in this cross-sectional study in 2014-2015.A valid and reliable study questionnaire was used to collect data.The results of our study found that 88.4% of nas reported at least one body part with wrmss.These nas reported more symptoms in the shoulders than lower back.Adverse workstyle (or = 1.04, 95% ci = 1.01-1.08) was the only factor associated with wrmss after adjustment for potential confounders using multivariable logistic regression.This adverse workstyle could be developed because of physical and psychological work demands.Efforts should be directed at integrating "workstyle intervention" into lifestyle physical activity training to this group of healthcare workers.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Feasibility and Acceptability of Technology-supported Sexual Health Education Among Adolescents Receiving Inpatient Psychiatric Care.

Mental illness in adolescence is associated with high-risk sexual behaviors including multiple sex partners, infrequent or inconsistent condom use, and nonuse of contraception.Inpatient psychiatric care represents a promising setting to provide sexual health education.This pilot study investigates the feasibility and acceptability of online sexual health education in this group by assessing usability and impact on short-term psychosocial outcomes.We administered online modules on healthy relationships, pregnancy prevention, condom use, and sexually transmitted infection (sti) prevention to youth.We evaluated outcomes using a single group, pre/post-intervention design.One quality improvement session assessed staff acceptability of the programming.Participants included 51 inpatients (mean age = 15.3; 61% female; 57% hispanic or latino; 55% heterosexual).Overall, the program was feasible to administer and highly acceptable to youth (84-89% liked the modules, 98-100% found them easy to use, 96-100% found them credible, 91-98% said information would lead to healthier dating relationships, and 78-87% would refer to a friend).Youth who completed modules demonstrated improvement in several outcomes: attitudes and norms towards violence (p< 0.001), intention to use a method of birth control other than condoms if having sex in the next 3 months (p< 0.001), condom knowledge (p< 0.001), condom use self-efficacy (p< 0.001), condom beliefs (p= 0.04), hiv/sti knowledge (p< 0.001), and perceived susceptibility to sti (p< 0.01).The quality improvement session revealed high acceptability by nursing staff on the unit.This intervention could be useful and efficacious in an inpatient setting and larger studies are warranted to understand its full impact.

Journal: Journal of child and family studies (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Spatial Disparities: The Role of Nativity in Neighborhood Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco Retailers.

Studies of retail environment, one of the social determinants of health, document racial/ethnic disparities in exposure to alcohol and tobacco (a and t) retailers, but have largely overlooked nativity.We examined associations between a and t retailer density and rates of foreign-born latinx and foreign-born asian residents in california census tracts (n = 7888), using spatial regressions and controlling for population and ecological confounders (e.g., population density, zoning, residential instability, urbanicity).Socio-demographic data came from the american community survey (2012-2016); census tract density of a and t retailers came from geocoded addresses from state license data for off-sale alcohol distributors and purchased data on tobacco retailers from a commercial provider.Models predicting a and t tract retailer density showed that the rate of foreign-born latinx residents was associated with higher tobacco retailer density but lower alcohol retailer density, and demonstrate no significant associations between rate of foreign-born asian residents tobacco and alcohol retail density.Retail environment could contribute to observed declines in immigrant health over time in the us and across generations.

Journal: Journal of immigrant and minority health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
In Silico Predictions of the Gastrointestinal Uptake of Macrocycles in Man Using Conformal Prediction Methodology.

The gastrointestinal uptake of macrocyclic compounds is not fully understood.Here we applied our previously validated integrated system based on machine learning and conformal prediction to predict the passive fraction absorbed (fa), maximum fraction dissolved (fdiss), substrate specificities for major efflux transporters and total fraction absorbed (fa,tot) for a selected set of designed macrocyclic compounds (n = 37; mw 407-889 g/mol) and macrocyclic drugs (n = 16; mw 734-1203 g/mole) in vivo in man.Major aims were to increase the understanding of oral absorption of macrocycles and further validate our methodology.We predicted designed macrocycles to have high faand low to high fdissand fa,tot, and average estimates were higher than for the larger macrocyclic drugs.With few exceptions, compounds were predicted to be effluxed and well absorbed.A 2-fold median prediction error for fa,totwas achieved for macrocycles (validation set).Advantages with our methodology include that it enables predictions for macrocycles with low permeability, caco-2 recovery and solubility (bcs iv), and provides prediction intervals and guides optimization of absorption.The understanding of oral absorption of macrocycles was increased and the methodology was validated for prediction of the uptake of macrocycles in man.

Journal: Journal of pharmaceutical sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Bereavement and suicide bereavement as an antecedent of suicide in children and young people: Prevalence and characteristics.

Introduction there is limited research into bereavement and suicide bereavement as an antecedent of suicide in young people.Methods we extracted information on the antecedents of suicide from official reports, primarily coroner inquests, on a 3-year national consecutive case series of all uk deaths by suicide in people aged 10-19.Results between 2014 and 2016, there were 595 suicides by young people.134 (25%) had been previously or recently bereaved; 51 (9%) by suicide, mainly of a friend or acquaintance.This is equivalent to 1 in 4 and 1 in 11, respectively, of all young people who die by suicide.Bereavement added to existing adversities - many antecedents of suicide were more likely in young people who were bereaved compared to those who were not, but there were few differences in the experiences of young people bereaved by suicide compared to other causes.Limitations this was an observational, not a risk factor study, and we did not use a control group.It is difficult to obtain data on non-suicide controls due to the ethical implications in contacting families, and the fact of suicide itself, its impact on disclosure and the reluctance of potential controls distorting any comparisons.Conclusion lasting bereavement support needs to be routinely and immediately available for young people, including those who have experienced the death of a friend or acquaintance.Vigilance of agencies for bereaved young people is required, especially if there is evidence of other adversities.

Journal: Journal of affective disorders (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Effects of Bisphenol A and Its Alternatives, Bisphenol F and Tetramethyl Bisphenol F on Osteoclast Differentiation.

Bisphenol a (bpa) is a typical environmental endocrine disruptor that exhibits estrogen-mimicking, hormone-like properties and can cause the collapse of bone homeostasis by an imbalance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.Various bpa substitutes, structurally similar to bpa, have been used to manufacture 'bpa-free' products; however, the regulatory role of bpa alternatives in osteoclast differentiation still remains unelucidated.This study aimed to investigate the effects of these chemicals on osteoclast differentiation using the mouse osteoclast precursor cell line raw 264.7.Results confirmed that both bpa and its alternatives, bisphenol f and tetramethyl bisphenol f (tmbpf), were nontoxic to raw 264.7 cells.In particular, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (trap)-positive multinucleated cell staining and activity calculation assays revealed that tmbpf enhanced osteoclast differentiation upon stimulation of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa b ligand (rankl).Additionally, tmbpf activated the m rna expression of osteoclast-related target genes, such as the nuclear factor of activated t-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (nfatc1), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (trap), and cathepsin k (cts k).Western blotting analysis indicated activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, including phosphorylation of c-jun n-terminal kinase and p38.Together, the results suggest that tmbpf enhances osteoclast differentiation, and it is critical for bone homeostasis and skeletal health.

Journal: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Pulmonary Tuberculosis and the Incidence of Lung Cancer among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Rationale:although a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) is a risk factor for developing both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and lung cancer, it remains unclear whether a history of ptb affects lung cancer development in patients with copd.objectives:to investigate whether a history of ptb is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer development in a population with copd.methods:this cohort study included a nationwide representative sample of 13,165 korean men and women with copd, aged between 50 and 84 years.In addition, to assess whether the relationship between ptb and lung cancer risk differs between participants with and without copd, a matched cohort without copd was included.Participants were matched 1:3 for age, sex, smoking history, and ptb status based on the index health screening examination of corresponding participants with copd.The two cohorts were followed up for 13 years (january 1, 2003, to december 31, 2015).Ptb was diagnosed on the basis of the results of chest radiography, and incident lung cancer was identified from hospitalization and outpatient visit claims (international classification of diseases, tenth revisiondiagnosis code c33 or c34).results:during 370,617 person-years (py) of follow-up (median follow-up, 7.7 yr) in the copd group, we observed 430 incident cases of lung cancer in participants without a history of ptb (incidence rate, 524 per 100,000 py) and 148 cases in those with a history of ptb (incidence rate, 931 per 100,000 py).Compared with participants without a ptb history, the fully adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [ci]) for lung cancer in those with a history of ptb was 1.24 (1.03-1.50).The association of ptb history and lung cancer development was more evident in never-smokers with copd.In contrast, among participants without copd, the corresponding hazard ratio (95% ci) was 0.98 (0.78-1.22).There was no interaction among ptb, smoking status, and copd.conclusions:a history of ptb was associated with an increased risk of developing lung cancer among patients with copd in our country with an intermediate tuberculosis burden.Patients with copd with a history of ptb, particularly never-smokers, might benefit from periodic screening or assessment for lung cancer development.

Journal: Annals of the American Thoracic Society (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article