syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Comparing Relaxation Versus Mastery Microbreak Activity: A Within-Task Recovery Perspective.

Recovery from work is generally thought to occur outside of the workplace.However, employees may also have the opportunity to recover within the work day via microbreaks during demanding work tasks.Two major strategies for mitigating fatigue include psychological detachment (i.e., mentally disengaging) and replenishing motivational incentives via positive affect.This study examined whether 40-s "microbreaks" improve work recovery and to what extent different microbreak content (mastery vs.Relaxation activities) boost performance.Using an experimental study, we randomly assigned individuals to receive a relaxation microbreak (n=59), a mastery microbreak (n=68), or no break (n=72) in the middle of a monotonous work task and assessed work performance.Microbreaks improved task performance and within-task recovery, but only for psychological detachment (not positive affect).Mastery breaks also resulted in more psychological detachment than relaxation breaks, but this increased detachment did not explain performance differences between break types.These results build on existing recovery theories by further demonstrating within-task recovery and provide practical implications for organizations to consider the importance of microbreaks.

Journal: Psychological reports (2021)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Tree species diversity promotes soil carbon stability by depressing the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in temperate forests.

The diversity-stability interrelationship suggests that high diversity can buffer fluctuations in environmental conditions such as temperature; we thus hypothesize that tree species diversity will lower the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (rs), known as q10value.Our hypothesis was tested in a deciduous broad-leaf and a coniferous-broad-leaf mixedwood stand in the warm temperate region in china.We measured soil respiration and indices of tree species diversity including species richness (s), the berger-parker index (d), the simpson index (λ), the shannon index (he'), and the pielou evenness index (je).Our results generally confirm our hypothesis that q10was positively correlated to λ, but negatively related to he', d, and je, and independent of s, in both stands.However, rswas independent of the diversity indices.These findings imply that tree species diversity promotes soil carbon stability by depressing the q10.Furthermore, different biotic and abiotic variables explained the variations of species diversity and q10in the broad-leaf and mixedwood forests, suggesting that the mechanisms underlining the effects of tree species diversity on q10are different between the two forest types.We conclude that sustainable forest management that improves tree species diversity will increase soil carbon stability and benefit our efforts to mitigate climate change.

Journal: The Science of the total environment (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Debate: Young people with personality disorder should be recognised and appropriately managed.

The characteristic features of personality disorder that are found in older people are also present in young people.These features are currently not diagnosed as personality problems by most uk practitioners, through a mixture of fear and prejudice, which is used to justify this avoidant diagnostic behaviour.A simple solution is offered.State that personality function is 'disordered' in those who cross the threshold for diagnosis but emphasise that it is often ephemeral and can be managed.

Journal: Child and adolescent mental health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Photon and Proton Dose Painting Based on Oxygen Distribution - Feasibility Study and Tumour Control Probability Assessment.

Solid tumours may present hypoxic sub-regions of increased radioresistance.Hypoxia quantification requires of clinically implementable, non-invasive and reproducible techniques as positron emission tomography (pet).Pet-based dose painting strategies aiming at targeting those sub-regions may be limited by the resolution gap between the pet imaging resolution and the smaller scale at which hypoxia occurs.The ultimate benefit of the usage of dose painting may be reached if the planned dose distribution can be performed and delivered consistently.This study aimed at assessing the feasibility of two pet-based dose painting strategies using two beam qualities (photon or proton beams) in terms of tumour control probability (tcp), accounting for underlying oxygen distribution at sub-millimetre scale.a tumour oxygenation model at submillimetre scale was created consisting of three regions with different oxygen partial pressure distributions, being hypoxia decreasing from core to periphery.A published relationship between uptake and oxygen partial pressure was used and a pet image of the tumour was simulated.The fundamental effects that limit the pet camera resolution were considered by processing the uptake distribution with a gaussian 3d filter and re-binning to a pet image voxel size of 2 mm.Prescription doses to overcome tumour hypoxia were calculated based on the processed images, and planned using robust optimisation.normal tissue complication probabilities and tcps after the delivery of the planned doses were calculated for the nominal plan and the lowest bounds of the dose volume histograms resulting from the robust scenarios planned, taking into account the underlying oxygenation at submillimetre scale.Results were presented for the two beam qualities and the two dose painting strategies: by contours (dpbc) and by using a voxel grouping-based approach (dpbox).in the studied case, dpbox outperforms dpbc with respect to tcp regardless the beam quality, although both dose painting strategy plans demonstrated robust target coverage.

Journal: Advances in experimental medicine and biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effects of Stroking on Salivary Oxytocin and Cortisol in Guide Dogs: Preliminary Results.

This pilot study aimed at investigating how salivary oxytocin levels are affected by human interaction and isolation in eight guide dogs (six labrador retrievers and two golden retrievers; four males and four females, 21.87 ± 1.36 months old) just before assignment to the blind person.Each dog engaged, at one-week intervals, in a positive (5 min of affiliative interaction with their trainer) and a negative (5 min of isolation) condition.Saliva samples used for enzyme immunoassay (eia) quantification of salivary oxytocin were collected before and immediately after both experimental conditions.In order to assess potential hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (hpa) axis activation that could have affected oxytocin levels, saliva samples were collected 15 min after both experimental conditions for eia quantification of salivary cortisol and a behavioral assessment was performed during the negative condition.The results were compared using the wilcoxon test (p< 0.05).Oxytocin concentrations showed a statistically significant increase after the positive interaction (p= 0.036) and no difference after the negative one (p= 0.779).Moreover, no difference (p= 0.263) was found between the cortisol concentrations after each experimental condition and no signs of distress were observed during the isolation phase.These preliminary findings support the hypothesis that stroking dogs has positive effects on their emotional state independently of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activation.

Journal: Animals : an open access journal from MDPI (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Nanoscale Chemical Imaging of Individual, Chemotherapeutic Cytarabine-loaded Liposomal Nanocarriers.

Dosage of chemotherapeutic drugs is a tradeoff between efficacy and side-effects.Liposomes are nanocarriers that increase therapy efficacy and minimize side-effects by delivering otherwise difficult to administer therapeutics with improved efficiency and selectivity.Still, variabilities in liposome preparation require assessing drug encapsulation efficiency at the single liposome level, an information that, for non-fluorescent therapeutic cargos, is inaccessible due to the minute drug load per liposome.Photothermal induced resonance (ptir) provides nanoscale compositional specificity, up to now, by leveraging an atomic force microscope (afm) tip contacting the sample to transduce the sample's photothermal expansion.However, on soft samples (e.g.Liposomes) ptir effectiveness is reduced due to the likelihood of tip-induced sample damage and inefficient afm transduction.Here, individual liposomes loaded with the chemotherapeutic drug cytarabine are deposited intact from suspension via n es-gemma (nano-electrospray gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis) collection and characterized at the nanoscale with the chemically-sensitive ptir method.A new tapping-mode ptir imaging paradigm based on heterodyne detection is shown to be better adapted to measure soft samples, yielding cytarabine distribution in individual liposomes and enabling classification of empty and drug-loaded liposomes.The measurements highlight ptir capability to detect ≈ 103cytarabine molecules (≈ 1.7 zmol) label-free and non-destructively.

Journal: Nano research (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Lifestyle intervention for gestational diabetes prevention in rural woman of Shoush city.

Physical activity and nutrition interventions are the most important ways to prevent gestational diabetes.The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of healthy lifestyle intervention to promote preventive behaviors of gestational diabetes in the rural woman of shoush city.Materials and methods in an experimental study, 60 pregnant women were selected using simple random sampling and allocate into intervention group (n= 30) and nutrition program.The study was conducted from september to june 2018.The data were collected in baseline and 1 month and 3 months of follow-up phase and were analyzed using chi-square test, repeated-measure test, and generalized linear model (glm).The α = 0.05 was considered as significance.Results the mean age in the intervention and control group was 25.9 ± 5.6 and 27.2 ± 5.9, respectively.The glm test showed a significant increase in the physical activity level and the mean of nutrition behaviors within the intervention group over time (p= 0.013).Further, based on the results of repeated-measure test, the mean of weekly met-minute was increased in the intervention group in comparison to the control group at 1 month and 3 months of follow-up (p< 0.001).Discussion and conclusion the lifestyle interventions are appropriate programs to the reduction of the risk of development of gestational diabetes in pregnant women.

Journal: Journal of education and health promotion (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Influence of Gut Microbiota and Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease.

In the current study, the gut microbiota of patients with and without coronary heart disease was compared and the relationship between gut microbiota distribution, intending to reveal the role of gut microbiota in the coronary atherosclerosis process, was investigated.this study included 50 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (chd) who received conventional coronary angiography or computed tomography angiography and 50 patients with chd at changshu no.2 people's hospital, suzhou, china, from may 2020 to january 2021.Trimethylamine n-oxide (tmao) level was tested and feces were collected, the dna of the gut microbiota was extracted, and the distribution by 16sr rna gene sequencing was obtained from the two groups of patients.plasma tmao concentrations were significantly higher in patients with chd (p < 0.001).In the chd group, 22 patients with multivessel disease had a higher level of tmao compared with the 28 patients who had the single-vessel disease (p < 0.001).No difference in the gut microbiota diversity was noted between the two groups (p < 0.001).Patients with chd had a significantly lower proportion of bacteroidetes phyla and more proportion of epsilonbacteraeota phyla.At the genus level, patients with chd had an increased abundance of enterococcus, whereas healthy controls had significantly higher levels of streptococcus.Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states 2 analysis found that, in the kegg orthology, the level of choline trimethylamine-lyase gene expression correlated with tmao production was higher in the fecal microbiome of the chd group (p < 0.05).gut microbiota and its product were expected to become a diagnostic marker and a new target for preventing chd.

Journal: International heart journal (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Activation of SGLT3a in endometrial epithelial cells induces paracrine stromal cell decidualization.

Endometrial epithelial cells (eecs) and stromal cells (escs) have a close functional association.During the peri-implantation period, eecs with enhanced functional activities secrete a variety of paracrine factors to promote the decidualization of escs.However, little is known about the specific process by which eecs secrete paracrine factors to induce the decidualization of escs.Some evidence suggests that the activation of sodium-glucose cotransporter 3a (sglt3a) induces the depolarization of escs to affect their function.Therefore, sglt3a acts as a sensor molecule in certain cell types.In this study, the expression of sglt3a was investigated in eecs to determine whether its levels increased during the peri-implantation period in female mice.The activation of sglt3a in mouse eecs induced na+-dependent depolarization of the cell membrane and an influx of extracellular ca2+, which further promoted the expression and release of the paracrine factors prostaglandin e2 (pge2) and f2-alpha (pgf2α) by upregulating the expression of cyclooxygenase-2.In turn, pge2 and pgf2α induced the decidualization of escs.Importantly, we identified sglt3a as a key molecule involved in the cross-talk between eecs and escs during the process of uterine decidualization.

Journal: Journal of cellular physiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Effect of Leaf Maturity on Host Habitat Location by the Egg-Larval Parasitoid Ascogaster reticulata.

Adoxophyes honmai, a serious pest of tea plants, prefers to lay eggs on mature tea leaves rather than young leaves.Here, we examined a hypothesis that ascogaster reticulata, an egg-larval parasitoid of a.Honmai, increases the likelihood of encountering host egg masses by searching mature tea leaves when host-derived cues are not available.In a dual-choice bioassay using a four-arm olfactometer, a.Reticulata preferred odor from intact, mature leaves versus young leaves.Based on volatile analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), we identified 5 and 10 compounds from mature and young leaf volatiles, respectively.The 5 components in the extract from intact mature leaves included (z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (e)-β-ocimene, linalool, (e)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (dmnt), and methyl salicylate.When each individual compound, or quaternary and quintenary blends of them, ratios of which were adjusted to match those of mature leaf volatiles, were provided, parasitoids preferred the full mixture and the quaternary blend devoid of dmnt to the solvent control.Methyl salicylate, one of the components of preferred blends, was not detected among young leaf volatiles.We concluded that the volatile composition of tea leaves changes, depending on their maturity, and that this composition affects foraging behavior of the parasitoid, which is closely related to the host herbivore's oviposition preference.

Journal: Journal of chemical ecology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Three-dimensionalVersusTwo-dimensional Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

/aim three-dimensional (3d) laparoscopy is being steadily adopted instead of two-dimensional (2d) for various procedures.Our aim was to compare the outcomes between 2d and 3d laparoscopic procedures for colorectal cancer in order to ascertain the safety, efficacy and potential advantages of 3d imaging systems.Materials and methods a systematic database search was conducted in march 2019.Comparative studies reporting clinical outcomes between patients undergoing elective colorectal procedures using either 2d or 3d laparoscopic equipment were eligible.Results six studies were selected, including 614 patients in total.Minor reduction in operative time, similar blood loss and increased number of harvested lymph nodes was noted for the 3d group.There was no difference for conversion to open surgery, time to flatus, postoperative hospital stay or postoperative complications.Conclusion 3d laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer may result in reduction of operative time and higher lymph node yields, leading to improved survival.

Journal: In vivo (Athens, Greece) (2020)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Systematic Review
WhatsApp-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder During the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Feasibility Trial.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and potential efficacy of a whats app-based physical activity for children with autism spectrum disorder (asd).Fourteen parents and their children with asd participated in the study.The intervention included parents conducting physical activities with their children with asd for 4 weeks.Physical activity contents were provided to parents via the whats app group.The data were collected through the leisure time exercise questionnaire and a feasibility questionnaire adapted from previous studies examining the feasibility of web-based physical activities.Parents reported that whats app-based physical activities were a feasible intervention to increase the physical activity level of their children with asd and stated that the contents of the physical activity shared in the whats app group were useful.The findings provided preliminary evidence for the use of whats app-based physical activities to increase the physical activity level of children with asd who stay at home due to the pandemic.

Journal: Adapted physical activity quarterly : APAQ (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Relations between caregiver-report of sleep and executive function problems in children with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Many children with autism spectrum disorder (asd) experience comorbid symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd).Additionally, children with asd and adhd often have sleep disturbances and deficits in executive functioning (ef).In typical development, sleep disturbances are causally linked to ef deficits and exacerbate adhd-like symptoms.Aim the aim of this study was to determine whether caregiver-report sleep and ef difficulties predict adhd symptoms in children with asd.Methods caregiver-report of child sleep, ef, and adhd symptom severity was collected for 101 children with asd, 7-11 years of age.Hierarchical linear regressions tested the independent and interactive effects of sleep and ef in predicting adhd symptoms.Results children with asd were more likely to have symptoms of adhd if they experienced both sleep and ef difficulties.Children with difficulties in working memory were particularly at risk for clinically significant symptoms of adhd.Notably, however, sleep did not mediate or moderate the relation between working memory and adhd symptoms in this sample, suggesting that these variables act through independent mechanisms to increase vulnerability for comorbidity.Conclusions these results have clinical significance as sleep and ef deficits may identify an asd subgroup that is at increased risk for a comorbid adhd diagnosis.

Journal: Research in developmental disabilities (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
High excess deaths in Sweden during the first wave of COVID-19: Policy deficiencies or 'dry tinder'?

S during the first wave of the covid-19 pandemic, sweden registered a high level of excess deaths.Non-pharmaceutical interventions adopted by sweden have been milder compared to those implemented in denmark.Moreover, sweden might have started the pandemic with a large proportion of vulnerable elderly with a high mortality risk.This study aimed to clarify whether excess mortality in sweden can be explained by a large stock of 'dry tinder' instead of being attributed to faulty lockdown policies.Methods we analysed weekly death counts in sweden and denmark from july 2007 to june 2020.We used a novel method for short-term mortality forecasting to estimate expected and excess deaths during the first covid-19 wave in sweden and denmark.Results in the first part of the epiyear 2019-2020, deaths were low in both sweden and denmark.In the absence of covid-19, a relatively low level of death would be expected for the later part of the epiyear.The registered deaths were, however, way above the upper bound of the prediction interval in sweden and within the range in denmark.Conclusions 'dry tinder' can only account for a modest fraction of excess swedish mortality.The risk of death during the first covid-19 wave rose significantly for swedish women aged >85 but only slightly for danish women aged >85.The risk discrepancy seems more likely to result from differences between sweden and denmark in how care and housing for the elderly are organised, coupled with a less successful swedish strategy of shielding the elderly.

Journal: Scandinavian journal of public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Phenotype-genotype analysis of Latilactobacills curvatus from different niches: Carbohydrate metabolism, antibiotic resistance, bacteriocin, phage fragments and linkages with CRISPR-Cas systems.

The potential probiotic function of latilactobacills curvatus has attracted the attention of researchers.To explore the differences in the genomes of l.Curvatus, nine strains were isolated from various sources, including feces and fermented vegetables and compared with 25 strains from the ncbi database.The findings indicated that the average genome size, gc content, and cds of l.Curvatus were 1.94 mb, 41.9%, and 1825, respectively.Its core genome is associated with transcription, translation, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and defense functions.The pan-genome of l.Curvatus was in a closed state.The genetic diversity of l.Curatus is mainly manifested in its ability to use carbohydrates, antibiotic resistance, bacteriocin operon, and polymeric regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr)-cas for bacterial immunity.The crispr system of 34 strains of l.Curvatus was predominantly found to be of the iia type with a few iic and ie types.These findings will contribute to a better understanding of this species.

Journal: Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't