syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on mental health services for medical students at a Ugandan medical school.

University-based mental health services for medical students remain a challenge, particularly in low-income countries, due to poor service availability.Prior studies have explored the availability of mental health services in high-income countries but little is known about mental health services in countries in sub-saharan africa, such as uganda.Medical students are at a higher risk of developing mental health challenges during their course of study as compared with other students.Thus, there is a need for well-structured mental health services for this group of students.The aim of this study was to explore perspectives on mental health services for medical students at a public university in uganda.Methods this was a qualitative study where key informant interviews were conducted among purposively selected university administrators (n = 4), student leaders (n = 4), and mental health employees of the university (n = 3), three groups responsible for the mental well-being of medical students at a public university in uganda.Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed to identify relevant themes.Results the working experience of university administrators and mental health providers was between eight months to 20 years, while student leaders had studied at the university for over four years.We identified five broad themes: (1) burden of medical school: a curriculum of trauma, (2) negative coping mechanisms and the problem of blame, (3) the promise of services: mixed messages, (4) a broken mental health system for students, and (5) barriers to mental health services.Conclusion distinguishing between psychological distress that is anticipated because of the subject matter in learning medicine and identifying those students that are suffering from untreated psychiatric disorders is an important conceptual task for universities.This can be done through offering education about mental health and well-being for administrators, giving arm's length support for students, and a proactive, not reactive, approach to mental health.There is also a need to redesign the medical curriculum to change the medical education culture through pedagogical considerations of how trauma informs the learning and the mental health of students.

Journal: BMC medical education (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Three new sesquiterpenoid alkaloids from the roots ofTripterygium wilfordiiand its cytotoxicity.

Three new sesquiterpenoid alkaloids, cangorin k (1), dimacroregelines c (2) and d (3), as well as two known sesquiterpenoids (4-5), were isolated from the roots of tripterygium wilfordii hook.F.the structures of new compounds were characterised by extensive 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopic analyses, as well as hresims data, and the known compounds were established by 1 d nmr spectra referring to the literatures.Cytotoxicity evaluation of these compounds against two human tumour lines (smmc7721, ln229) was investigated by cck-8 assay and displayed that compounds1-4showed potent cytotoxicity against smmc7721 cell with ic50value in the range of 0.26-9.67 μμ and compounds1-5showed potent cytotoxicity against ln-229 cell with ic50values in the range of 0.50-7.38 μμ.

Journal: Natural product research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
You Are Not an Impostor: The Registered Dietitian Nutritionist and Impostor Phenomenon.

Impostor phenomenon (ip) interferes with the desire for taking advantage of career opportunities and pursuing career advancement.There is robust literature describing the effects of ip in other health care professions, yet an absence of research exists on ip within the nutrition and dietetics profession.This perspective will explore why nutrition and dietetics professionals may experience ip, specify what might be done to mitigate the negative effects of ip, and describe future research directions.Impostorism is an understudied phenomenon that could have significant implications for the profession of nutrition and dietetics on an individual and systemic level.

Journal: Journal of nutrition education and behavior (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Solar-driven aromatic aldehydes: green production from mandelic acid derivatives by a Co(ii)/C3N4combined catalyst in aqueous media.

According to the requirements for sustainable development, reclaiming fine chemicals from wastewater under mild conditions is an extremely significant line of research.A low-cost and high-efficiency polydentate chelate- and polymeric co(ii)-based complex (co-l)-loaded c3n4photocatalyst (co-l/c3n4) was constructed and used to convert aromatic mandelic acids in wastewater at room temperature.The bet specific surface area increased from 28 m2g-1to 68 m2g-1, indicating its excellent absorptive character.The light absorption range of co-l/c3n4reached 650 nm, while the band energy reduced to 2.30 e v, which caused a significant enhancement in photocatalytic activity.The conversion of substituted mandelic acids was more than 90% due to the photoactivity of co-l/c3n4.Time-resolved pl spectra indicated the remarkable separation of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs in co-l/c3n4.Furthermore, the uv-vis andin situ ftir spectra indicated the formation of aldehyde groups in the selective oxidation process, which provided support for the plausible catalytic mechanism.

Journal: RSC advances (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Clinical and radiomics prediction of complete response in rectal cancer pre-chemoradiotherapy.

And purpose patients with rectal cancer could avoid major surgery if they achieve clinical complete response (c cr) post neoadjuvant treatment.Therefore, prediction of treatment outcomes before treatment has become necessary to select the best neo-adjuvant treatment option.This study investigates clinical and radiomics variables' ability to predict c cr in patients pre chemoradiotherapy.Materials and methods using the on co re database, we recruited a matched cohort of 304 patients (152 with c cr; 152 without c cr) deriving training (n = 200) and validation (n = 104) sets.We collected pre-treatment mr (magnetic resonance) images, demographics and blood parameters (haemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocyte, alkaline phosphate and albumin).We segmented the gross tumour volume on t2 weighted mr images and extracted 1430 stable radiomics features per patient.We used principal component analysis (pca) and receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (roc auc) to reduce dimensionality and evaluate the models produced.Results using logistic regression analysis, pca-derived combined model (radiomics plus clinical variables) gave a roc auc of 0.76 (95% ci: 0.69-0.83) in the training set and 0.68 (95% ci 0.57-0.79) in the validation set.The clinical only model achieved an auc of 0.73 (95% ci 0.66-0.80) and 0.62 (95% ci 0.51-0.74) in the training and validation set, respectively.The radiomics model had an auc of 0.68 (95% ci 0.61-0.75) and 0.66 (95% ci 0.56-0.77) in the training and validation sets.Conclusion the predictive characteristics of both clinical and radiomics variables for clinical complete response remain modest but radiomics predictability is improved with addition of clinical variables.

Journal: Physics and imaging in radiation oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Draft Genome Sequence of Bifidobacterium adolescentis 4-2, Isolated from Healthy Human Feces.

Bifidobacterium adolescentis 4-2 was isolated from healthy human feces.Here, we report a draft genome sequence of this bacterium, which may clarify the functionality of gut microbiota-brain communication.The draft genome comprises 2.39 mb, with an average g+c content of 59.2% and 2,028 coding dna sequences.An operon for gamma aminobutyric acid (gaba) biosynthesis was observed in the draft genome.

Journal: Microbiology resource announcements (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A Review on SARS-CoV-2-Induced Neuroinflammation, Neurodevelopmental Complications, and Recent Updates on the Vaccine Development.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) is a devastating viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-co v-2).The incidence and mortality of covid-19 patients have been increasing at an alarming rate.The mortality is much higher in older individuals, especially the ones suffering from respiratory distress, cardiac abnormalities, renal diseases, diabetes, and hypertension.Existing evidence demonstrated that sars-co v-2 makes its entry into human cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace-2) followed by the uptake of virions through cathepsin l or transmembrane protease serine 2 (tmprss2).Sars-co v-2-mediated abnormalities in particular cardiovascular and neurological ones and the damaged coagulation systems require extensive research to develop better therapeutic modalities.As sars-co v-2 uses its s-protein to enter into the host cells of several organs, the s-protein of the virus is considered as the ideal target to develop a potential vaccine.In this review, we have attempted to highlight the landmark discoveries that lead to the development of various vaccines that are currently under different stages of clinical progression.Besides, a brief account of various drug candidates that are being tested to mitigate the burden of covid-19 was also covered.Further, in a dedicated section, the impact of sars-co v-2 infection on neuronal inflammation and neuronal disorders was discussed.In summary, it is expected that the content covered in this article help to understand the pathophysiology of covid-19 and the impact on neuronal complications induced by sars-co v-2 infection while providing an update on the vaccine development.

Journal: Molecular neurobiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Taxonomic resolution of the ribosomal RNA operon in bacteria: implications for its use with long-read sequencing.

Dna barcoding through the use of amplified regions of the ribosomal operon, such as the 16s gene, is a routine method to gain an overview of the microbial taxonomic diversity within a sample without the need to isolate and culture the microbes present.However, bacterial cells usually have multiple copies of this ribosomal operon, and choosing the 'wrong' copy could provide a misleading species classification.While this presents less of a problem for well-characterized organisms with large sequence databases to interrogate, it is a significant challenge for lesser known organisms with unknown copy number and diversity.Using the entire length of the ribosomal operon, which encompasses the 16s, 23s, 5s and internal transcribed spacer regions, should provide greater taxonomic resolution but has not been well explored.Here, we use publicly available reference genomes and explore the theoretical boundaries when using concatenated genes and the full-length ribosomal operons, which has been made possible by the development and uptake of long-read sequencing technologies.We quantify the issues of both copy choice and operon length in a phylogenetic context to demonstrate that longer regions improve the phylogenetic signal while maintaining taxonomic accuracy.

Journal: NAR genomics and bioinformatics (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Metformin Exhibits an Attractive Antineoplastic Effect on Human Endometrial Cancer by Regulating the Hippo Signaling Pathway.

Metformin, the first-line oral antidiabetic medicine, has shown great antineoplastic potential in various cancer types, despite an unclear mechanism.This study aimed to elucidate the possible mechanism of metformin as a chemotherapy agent with less reproductive and genetic toxicity in human endometrial cancer.The type i endometrial carcinoma cell lines ishikawa and rl95-2 were treated with metformin.Cell functions, such as proliferation, migration, and invasion, were analyzed.Flow cytometry was performed for cell cycle and apoptosis analyses.Simultaneously, rt-q pcr and western blotting were performed to explore the possible mechanism.Moreover, yap1 knockout ishikawa cells were established via lentivirus to demonstrate the underlying mechanism.The results showed that metformin mediated ishikawa and rl95-2 cell growth inhibition in a dose- and time-dependent manner.The ic50 values of metformin in ishikawa and rl95-2 cells were 10 m m and 8 m m, respectively.The migration and invasion abilities were also inhibited in the metformin-treated group using wound healing assays and transwell migration and invasion assays, and ishikawa and rl95-2 cells were arrested in the g1 or g2 phase, respectively.Moreover, the cell proportions of cells in both early and late apoptosis stages were dramatically elevated when treated with metformin, as was the ratio of bax/bcl-2 expression.Additionally, the expression levels of yap1 m rna and protein in the treatment group were much lower than those in the control group.The cellular behaviors of yap1 knockout ishikawa cells were similar to those in the metformin-treated group.Our results demonstrated that it is an attractive alternative to cytotoxic chemotherapy in human endometrial cancer, and yap of the hippo pathway may be a potential molecular target.This study provides novel ideas for the adjuvant therapy of endometrial cancer patients, especially for women with strong fertility desires and demands.

Journal: Journal of oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Should COVID-19 be branded to viral thrombotic fever?

Coronaviruses can cause a diverse array of clinical manifestations, from fever with symptoms of the common cold to highly lethal severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) and middle east respiratory syndrome (mers).Sars-co v-2, the coronavirus discovered in hubei province, china, at the end of 2019, became known worldwide for causing coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19).Over one year's time period, the scientific community has produced a large bulk of knowledge about this disease and countless reports about its immune-pathological aspects.This knowledge, including data obtained in postmortem studies, points unequivocally to a hypercoagulability state.However, the name covid-19 tells us very little about the true meaning of the disease.Our proposal is more comprehensive; it intends to frame covid-19 in more clinical terminology, making an analogy to viral haemorrhagic fever (vhf).Thus, we found irrefutable evidence in the current literature that covid-19 is the first viral disease that can be branded as a viral thrombotic fever.This manuscript points out that sars-co v-2 goes far beyond pneumonia or sars.Covid-19 infections promote remarkable interactions among the endothelium, coagulation, and immune response, building up a background capable of promoting a "thrombotic storm," much more than a "cytokine storm." the importance of a viral protease called main protease (mpro) is highlighted as a critical component for its replication in the host cell.A deeper analysis of this protease and its importance on the coagulation system is also discussed for the first time, mainly because of its similarity with the thrombin and factor xa molecules, as recently pointed out by structural comparison crystallographic structures.

Journal: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Combating IPV With Community Leaders in Honduras: An Evaluation of an IPV Training Program Among Teachers and Health Professionals.

Intimate partner violence (ipv) among women in latin america, including honduras, is serious.To help ipv victims, a community-based educational program has been implemented.This study aims to examine the impact of ipv training among teachers and health care professionals (n= 160) on increases in ipv knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy when dealing with ipv victims using a pretest and posttest design.We found that the treatment group who received ipv training showed significantly lower justification for ipv, higher gender equality attitudes, and higher ipv knowledge as well as higher confidence levels in identifying ipv victims and safety planning for victims.We concluded that the ipv training program using the community-based approaches has the potential to help ipv victims in honduras.More efforts should be made to increase the educational opportunities the community members can receive.

Journal: Violence against women (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Challenging direct bypass surgery for very young children with moyamoya disease: technical notes.

Cerebral revascularization for moyamoya disease (mmd) is an effective treatment for improving cerebral ischaemia and preventing rebleeding.Although direct bypass surgery is commonly performed on older children and adults, it is challenging in very young children due to the high difficulty level of the procedure.The subjects were mmd patients under 3 years of age on whom surgery was performed by a single surgeon (y.a.).Preoperative clinical findings, information related to direct bypass surgery, bypass patency, and the incidence of postoperative stroke were investigated.Combined revascularization, including direct bypass surgery, was performed on 3 mmd patients (3 sides) under 3 years of age.The average diameter of the grafts used in direct bypass was 0.8 mm.The average recipient diameter was 0.8 ± 0.17 (range 0.6-1) mm.In all cases, the anastomotic procedure was completed using 11-0 monofilament nylon thread, and patency was confirmed.Direct bypass for mmd patients under 3 years old is technically challenging.However, despite the anatomical differences between very young children and elderly individuals, direct bypass surgery could certainly be completed.In addition, a rapid recovery from cerebral blood flow insufficiency could yield a promising neurological outcome.

Journal: Neurosurgical review (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Foreign Body Granuloma Masquerading as Remnant Lymphoma on 18F-FDG PET/CT.

A 54-year-old man complained of a growing nodule in the left upper arm, which was diagnosed as diffuse large b-cell lymphoma by postsurgical pathology.For baseline assessment, fdg pet/ct revealed intense uptake in the left upper arm, in addition to fdg-avid pleura lesions and regional, axillary, cervical, and mediastinal lymph nodes.After chemotherapy, the restaging scan showed complete remission of most involved lesions except for increased activity in the prior surgical site.The patient eventually underwent surgical resection again, and the diagnosis was confirmed as foreign body granuloma.

Journal: Clinical nuclear medicine (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
IRAK1 and IRAK4 as emerging therapeutic targets in hematologic malignancies.

Of review cell intrinsic and extrinsic perturbations to inflammatory signaling pathways are a hallmark of development and progression of hematologic malignancies.The interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinases (iraks) are a family of related signaling intermediates (irak1, irak2, irak3, irak4) that operate at the nexus of multiple inflammatory pathways implicated in the hematologic malignancies.In this review, we explicate the oncogenic role of these kinases and review recent therapeutic advances in the dawning era of irak-targeted therapy.Recent findings emerging evidence places irak signaling at the confluence of adaptive resistance and oncogenesis in the hematologic malignancies and solid tissue tumors.Preclinical investigations nominate the irak kinases as targetable molecular dependencies in diverse cancers.Summary irak-targeted therapies that have matriculated to early phase trials are yielding promising preliminary results.However, studies of irak kinase signaling continue to defy conventional signaling models and raise questions as to the design of optimal treatment strategies.Efforts to refine irak signaling mechanisms in the malignant context will inspire deliberate irak-targeted drug development and informed combination therapy.

Journal: Current opinion in hematology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
BLU-554, A selective inhibitor of FGFR4, exhibits anti-tumour activity against gastric cancer in vitro.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (fgfr4) plays a key role in cancer progression, including tumour proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.Recent studies have shown that the fgfr4 selective inhibitor blu-554 has clinical benefits on tumour regression in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.However, the effect of blu-554 on gastric cancer remains unknown.Methods changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle, migration, and invasion capabilities of mkn-45 cells treated with fgfr4 selective inhibitors were detected by cck-8 assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and wound healing assay, respectively.Western blotting was used to detect the effect of blu-554 on the expression of fgfr4, frs2α, and p-erk1/2.Results as the concentration of the inhibitor increased, the survival rate of gastric cancer cells decreased, and the trend of blu-554 was more obvious; a high dose of blu-554 caused significant cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest as well as reduced cell invasion ability.The expression levels of fgfr4, frs2α, and p-erk1/2 were also significantly reduced when cells were treated with medium and high doses of blu-554.Conclusion blu-554 inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase (ras-raf-mek-erk) pathway by inhibiting fgfr4, ultimately impeding the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells and promoting cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

Journal: Biochemical and biophysical research communications (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Omnidirectional Printing of Soft Elastomer for Liquid-State Stretchable Electronics.

Stretchable electronics has emerged as a new class of electronic technology to expand the applications of conventional electronics built on rigid wafers.Among various systems, liquid-state devices utilize electronically active liquids to achieve excellent stretchability and durability.The widespread adaption to such attractive form of device is hindered by the lack of robust fabrication approach to precisely and efficiently assemble liquid-state materials into functional systems.In this study, an additive manufacturing platform for digital fabrication of three-dimensional elastomeric structures is reported.The shear-thinning ink is formulated to enable omnidirectional printing process.Various elastic features with complex architectures are generated without using sacrificial materials, which consist of overhanging parts, suspended structures, and embedded channels.Harnessing the unique printability allows facile creation of elastomeric sensors with strain- and pressure-sensing capabilities by simply filling the embedded microchannels with liquid metal.A smart glove to capture hand gestures is also demonstrated as a fully integrated electronic system with liquid-state components.The liquid-state stretchable electronics developed here may find potential applications in biomedical instruments, wearable devices, and soft robotics.

Journal: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article