syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Effects of non-pharmacological supportive care for hot flushes in breast cancer: a meta-analysis.

To assess the efficacy of non-pharmacological therapies for hot flushes (hfs) in women with breast cancer (bc).Methods nine databases (medline, cochrane central register of controlled trials, embase, psyc info, cinahl, china national knowledge infrastructure (cnki), chinese scientific journal database (vip), china biology medicine (cbm), and wan fang database) were searched from their inceptions to october 2016.We also hand-searched reference lists of reviews and included articles, reviewed conference proceedings, and contacted experts.Finally, randomized controlled trials (rcts) were aggregated to evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture for hfs in women with bc.Results sixteen trials were included in the meta-analysis.Significant combined effects of non-pharmacological therapies were observed in reducing frequency and severity of hfs after treatment (d = -0.57, p < 0.001).These effects were sustained, albeit reduced in part, during follow-up (d = -0.36, p < 0.001), with the exception of frequency (p = 0.41).Meta-analysis according to therapy types showed that for hypnosis, hfs scores instead of scores of hfs-related daily interference scale (hfrdis) were significantly lowered at the post-treatment time point (d = -13.19, p < 0.001); for acupuncture, a small but significant effect on hfrdis was found at the post-treatment time point (d = -3.34, p < 0.001).The effect was sustained during follow-up; however, no effect was evident for hfs frequency; for cognitive behavioral therapy (cbt), at the post-treatment time point, but not during follow-up, a small but significant effect was documented for hfs score (d = -0.88, p < 0.01).No serious adverse effect was reported in the included studies.Conclusions various types of non-pharmacological therapies were associated with significant effects on hfs in women with bc.

Journal: Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Review
Spatiotemporal Coherence to Quantify Sources of Image Degradation in Ultrasonic Imaging.

Thermal noise and acoustic clutter signals degrade ultrasonic image quality and contribute to unreliable clinical assessment.When both noise and clutter are prevalent, it is difficult to determine which one is a more significant contributor to image degradation because there is no way to separately measure their contributions in vivo.Efforts to improve image quality often rely on an understanding of the type of image degradation at play.To address this, we derived and validated a method to quantify the individual contributions of thermal noise and acoustic clutter to image degradation by leveraging spatial and temporal coherence characteristics.Using field ii simulations, we validated the assumptions of our method, explored strategies for robust implementation, and investigated its accuracy and dynamic range.We further proposed a novel robust approach for estimating spatial lag-one coherence.Using this robust approach, we determined that our method can estimate the signal-to-thermal noise ratio (snr) and signal-to-clutter ratio (scr) with high accuracy between snr levels of -30 to 40 d b and scr levels of -20 to 15 d b.We further explored imaging parameter requirements with our field ii simulations and determined that snr and scr can be estimated accurately with as few as two frames and sixteen channels.Finally, we demonstrate in vivo feasibility in brain imaging and liver imaging, showing that it is possible to overcome the constraints of in vivo motion using high-frame rate m-mode imaging.

Journal: IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
'Stay at home and limit contact': The impact of stay-at-home advice on the behavior of Australian donors aged 70 and over in the first year of the pandemic.

Early in the covid-19 pandemic, australian donors aged 70 and over were advised to temporarily stop donating.The aim of this research was to understand the factors associated with some of these donors continuing to donate despite the advice, and whether adherence to the advice had negative implications for donor retention.Study design and methods survey data from 2078 donors were analyzed to understand the factors associated with donating blood during the first 6 months of the pandemic, and the impact of following stay-at-home advice during the first 6 months of the pandemic on donor return 6-12 months into the pandemic.Panel data were used to gain an overview of donation behavior before, during, and after the initial phase of the pandemic.Results donations by donors aged 70 and over decreased disproportionately to other age groups during the early stages of the pandemic.Sex, total donation count, awareness of stay-at-home advice from the blood collection agency, the mode of receiving stay-at-home advice, donor risk perceptions and attitudes toward stay-at-home advice were associated with donation behavior in the first 6 months of the pandemic.Donors who did not donate in the first 6 months of the pandemic had lower odds of returning 6-12 months into the pandemic.Conclusion stay-at-home advice was partially successful in preventing older donors from donating; however, more tailored communication approaches may have prevented more donors from donating.Implementation of stay-at-home advice should be accompanied by strategies to prevent ongoing donor lapse in the medium- to long-term.

Journal: Transfusion (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
High-Fat Diet Induced Gut Microbiota Alterations Associating With Ghrelin/Jak2/Stat3 Up-Regulation to Promote Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Development.

The role of high-fat diet (hfd) induced gut microbiota alteration and ghrelin as well as their correlation in benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) were explored in our study.The gut microbiota was analyzed by 16s r rna sequencing.Ghrelin levels in serum, along with ghrelin and ghrelin receptor in prostate tissue of mice and patients with bph were measured.The effect of ghrelin on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and induction of bph in mice was explored.Our results indicated that bph mice have the highest ratio of firmicutes and bacteroidetes induced by hfd, as well as ghrelin level in serum and prostate tissue was significantly increased compared with control.Elevated ghrelin content in the serum and prostate tissue of bph patients was also observed.Ghrelin promotes cell proliferation while inhibiting cell apoptosis of prostate cells.The effect of ghrelin on enlargement of the prostate was found almost equivalent to that of testosterone propionate (tp) which may be attenuated by ghrelin receptor antagonist yil-781.Ghrelin could up-regulate jak2/p jak2/stat3/p stat3 expressionin vitroandin vivo.Our results suggested that gut microbiota may associate with ghrelin which plays an important role in activation of jak2/stat3 in bph development.Gut microbiota and ghrelin might be pathogenic factors for bph and could be used as a target for mediation.

Journal: Frontiers in cell and developmental biology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
L'éthique de la modification du génome en clinique : une dose de réalisme pour les leaders en santé.

Les technologies de modification du génome promettent des avancées dans le traitement des maladies génétiques.Les auteurs abordent les enjeux éthiques et sociaux que soulèvent ces technologies, y compris leur utilisation dans des recherches précliniques, leur potentiel à résoudre les mutations somatiques et leur potentiel à modifier les lignées germinales qui peuvent être transmises aux prochaines générations.Ils demandent une réponse modérée de la part des leaders en santé, reposant sur une évaluation réaliste des avantages, des risques et des délais d'application clinique.

Journal: Healthcare management forum (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Effects of cumulative duration of repeated anaesthesia exposure on foetal brain development in the ovine model.

Anaesthesia is required in 0.4-1% of pregnant women, and prolonged and repeated exposures to anaesthesia may be required.It is unknown whether these exposures may result in foetal neurotoxicity in humans.As sheep have a gestation comparable to that of humans, the objective of this study was to analyse the neurodevelopmental outcome of ovine foetuses that had been exposed in utero to repeated and prolonged anaesthesia.Design randomized controlled preclinical study.Setting anaesthesia for non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy.Animals twenty-four healthy pregnant swifter ewes.Interventions the ewes were randomized to no anaesthesia exposure (control-group), single exposure (at gestational age 68-70 days), or repeated exposure (at gestational age 68-70 days and 96-98 days) to 2.5 h of sevoflurane anaesthesia and maternal laparotomy.All lambs were delivered at approximately term gestation (gestational age: 140-143 days).Measurements the primary outcome was neuron density in the frontal cortex 24 h after birth for the control-group versus the repeated-exposure-group.Key secondary outcome was the time needed to achieve the milestone of standing.Secondary outcomes included other neurobehavioural assessments (e.g., motoric milestones) and histological parameters quantified in multiple brain regions (neuron density, total cell density, proliferation, inflammation, synaptogenesis, astrocytes and myelination).Main results neuron density in the frontal cortex did not differ between groups (mean ± standard deviation: control-group: 403 ± 39, single-exposure group: 436 ± 23 and repeated-exposure-group: 403 ± 40 neurons/mm2, control-group versus repeated-exposure-group: p = 0.986, control-group versus single-exposure-group: p = 0.097).No significant difference was observed for the time needed to achieve the milestone of standing.Only very limited differences were observed for other histological outcome parameters and neurobehavioural assessments.Conclusions there is no evidence for foetal neuronal injury or neurobehavioural impairments after a cumulative duration of 5 h repetitive prenatal anaesthesia in sheep.

Journal: Journal of clinical anesthesia (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Patient initiated follow up after gynaecological malignancy: National survey of current UK practice.

To establish the prevalence of follow up regimes following treatment for gynaecological malignancies in the uk.Study design online questionnaire survey of gynaecological cancer centres across the uk.All members of the british gynaecological cancer society (bgcs) and the national forum of gynaecological oncology nurses (nfgon) were invited to complete the survey between 12/07/2018 and 12/04/2019.Responses were grouped into cancer centres for analysis.Results 90 % (44/49) of cancer centres from across the uk responded.All centres offer consultant follow up, most commonly for 5 years (77 %).Routine ca125 surveillance was performed for ovarian cancer in 27 % and cervical or vault cytology for cervical cancer in 9 %.Cancer centres also utilised patient initiated follow up (pifu) (42 %), telephone follow up (36 %) and nurse led follow up (45 %).Pifu was most commonly offered in endometrial cancer (100 %) but also in vulval (26 %), cervical (32 %) and ovarian (26 %) cancer.Timing of pifu initiation following completion of treatment varied by cancer stage and grade in endometrial cancer.For patients with grade 1 stage 1a endometrial cancer, pifu was initiated within 3 months in 82 % of centres that use pifu.Conclusion non hospital based follow up regimes are increasingly prevalent in the uk following gynaecological malignancy.The appointment and cost savings in secondary care may be significant however there is likely to be a substantial impact on the primary care sector.There is no evidence regarding the impact of pifu on overall survival and a randomised controlled trial is strongly recommended.

Journal: European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study
E2F transcription factor 1 is involved in the phenotypic modulation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells via microRNA-375.

E2f family of transcription factors modulates multiple cellular functions associated with cell cycle and apoptosis.Here, we focused on the relevance of e2f1 to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (escc) and identification of e2f1-mediated network in this study.Query of gene expression omnibus database revealed that e2f1 was the core gene that was upregulated in escc.E2f1 downregulation inhibited escc cell activity.Micro rna (mi r)-375 was confirmed to be a downstream target of e2f1.E2f1 bound to mi r-375 promoter and inhibited mi r-375 transcription.Moreover, mi r-375 inhibitor mitigated the repressive impacts of si-e2f1 on escc cells in part.Further study showed that sestrin 3 (sesn3) could interact with mi r-375, and its knockdown annulled the stimulative effect of mi r-375 inhibitor on escc development.Finally, e2f1 and sesn3 downregulation inhibited the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (pi3k)/akt pathway activity in cells, while mi r-375 inhibitor promoted pi3k/akt pathway activation.These findings suggest that e2f1 inhibited mi r-375 expression and promoted sesn3 expression to activate the pi3k/akt pathway in escc.

Journal: Bioengineered (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Asxl1 loss cooperates with oncogenic Nras in mice to reprogram the immune microenvironment and drive leukemic transformation.

Mutations in chromatin regulator asxl1 are frequently identified in myeloid malignancies, in particular ∼40% of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (cmml).Asxl1 mutations are associated with poor prognosis in cmml and significantly co-occur with nras mutations.Here, we show that concurrent asxl1 and nras mutations defined a population of cmml patients who had shorter leukemia-free survival than those with asxl1 mutation only.Corroborating this human data, asxl1-/- accelerated cmml progression and promoted cmml transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (aml) in nras g12d/+ mice.Nras g12d/+;asxl1-/- (na) leukemia cells displayed hyperactivation of mek/erk signaling, increased global levels of h3k27ac, upregulation of flt3.Moreover, we find that na-aml cells overexpressed all the major inhibitory immune checkpoint ligands: programmed death-ligand 1 (pd-l1)/pd-l2, cd155, and cd80/cd86.Among them, overexpression of pd-l1 and cd86 correlated with upregulation of ap-1 transcription factors (tfs) in na-aml cells.An ap-1 inhibitor or short hairpin rnas against ap-1 tf jun decreased pd-l1 and cd86 expression in na-aml cells.Once na-aml cells were transplanted into syngeneic recipients, na-derived t cells were not detectable.Host-derived wild-type t cells overexpressed programmed cell death protein 1 (pd-1) and t-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and itim domains (tigit) receptors, leading to a predominant exhausted t-cell phenotype.Combined inhibition of mek and bet resulted in downregulation of flt3 and ap-1 expression, partial restoration of the immune microenvironment, enhancement of cd8 t-cell cytotoxicity, and prolonged survival in na-aml mice.Our study suggests that combined targeted therapy and immunotherapy may be beneficial for treating secondary aml with concurrent asxl1 and nras mutations.

Journal: Blood (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Development of a deep learning model for the histologic diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus.

And aims the risk of progression in barrett's esophagus (be) increases with development of dysplasia.There is a critical need to improve the diagnosis of be dysplasia, given substantial interobserver disagreement among expert pathologists and overdiagnosis of dysplasia by community pathologists.We developed a deep learning model to predict dysplasia grade on whole-slide imaging.Methods we digitized nondysplastic be (ndbe), low-grade dysplasia (lgd), and high-grade dysplasia (hgd) histology slides.Two expert pathologists confirmed all histology and digitally annotated areas of dysplasia.Training, validation, and test sets were created (by a random 70/20/10 split).We used an ensemble approach combining a "you only look once" model to identify regions of interest and histology class (ndbe, lgd, or hgd) followed by a res net101 model pretrained on image net applied to the regions of interest.Diagnostic performance was determined for the whole slide.Results we included slides from 542 patients (164 ndbe, 226 lgd, and 152 hgd) yielding 8596 bounding boxes in the training set, 1946 bounding boxes in the validation set, and 840 boxes in the test set.When the ensemble model was used, sensitivity and specificity for lgd was 81.3% and 100%, respectively, and >90% for ndbe and hgd.The overall positive predictive value and sensitivity metric (calculated as f1 score) was .91 for ndbe, .90 for lgd, and 1.0 for hgd.Conclusions we successfully trained and validated a deep learning model to accurately identify dysplasia on whole-slide images.This model can potentially help improve the histologic diagnosis of be dysplasia and the appropriate application of endoscopic therapy.

Journal: Gastrointestinal endoscopy (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Learning rate of students detecting and annotating pediatric wrist fractures in supervised artificial intelligence dataset preparations.

The use of artificial intelligence (ai) in image analysis is an intensively debated topic in the radiology community these days.Ai computer vision algorithms typically rely on large-scale image databases, annotated by specialists.Developing and maintaining them is time-consuming, thus, the involvement of non-experts into the workflow of annotation should be considered.We assessed the learning rate of inexperienced evaluators regarding correct labeling of pediatric wrist fractures on digital radiographs.Students with and without a medical background labeled wrist fractures with bounding boxes in 7,000 radiographs over ten days.Pediatric radiologists regularly discussed their mistakes.We found f1 scores-as a measure for detection rate-to increase substantially under specialist feedback (mean 0.61±0.19 at day 1 to 0.97±0.02 at day 10, p<0.001), but not the intersection over union as a parameter for labeling precision (mean 0.27±0.29 at day 1 to 0.53±0.25 at day 10, p<0.001).The times needed to correct the students decreased significantly (mean 22.7±6.3 seconds per image at day 1 to 8.9±1.2 seconds at day 10, p<0.001) and were substantially lower as annotated by the radiologists alone.In conclusion our data showed, that the involvement of undergraduated students into annotation of pediatric wrist radiographs enables a substantial time saving for specialists, therefore, it should be considered.

Journal: PloS one (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Guiding organisational decision-making about COVID-19 asymptomatic testing in workplaces: mixed-method study to inform an ethical framework.

Workplace programmes to test staff for asymptomatic covid-19 infection have become common, but raise a number of ethical challenges.In this article, we report the findings of a consultation that informed the development of an ethical framework for organisational decision-making about such programmes.Methods we conducted a mixed-method consultation - a survey and semi-structured interviews during november-december 2020 in a uk case study organisation that had introduced asymptomatic testing for all staff working on-site in its buildings.Analysis of closed-ended survey data was conducted descriptively.An analysis approach based on the framework method was used for the open-ended survey responses and interview data.The analyses were then integrated to facilitate systematic analysis across themes.Inferences were based on the integrated findings and combined with other inputs (literature review, ethical analysis, legal and public health guidance, expert discussions) to develop an ethical framework.Results the consultation involved 61 staff members from the case study organisation (50 survey respondents and 11 interview participants).There was strong support for the asymptomatic testing programme: 90% of the survey respondents viewed it as helpful or very helpful.Open-ended survey responses and interviews gave insight into participants' concerns, including those relating to goal drift, risk of false negatives, and potential negative impacts for household members and people whose roles lacked contractual and financial stability.Integration of the consultation findings and the other inputs identified the importance of a whole-system approach with appropriate support for the key control measure of isolation following positive tests.The need to build trust in the testing programme, for example through effective communication from leaders, was also emphasised.Conclusions the consultation, together with other inputs, informed an ethical framework intended to support employers.The framework may support organisational decision-making in areas ranging from design and operation of the programme through to choices about participation.The framework is likely to benefit from further consultation and refinement in new settings.

Journal: BMC public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Pediatric care for children with developmental coordination disorder, can we do better?

This paper adopts a method of narrative critical review based on a non-systematic search of the literature to provide insights into the trends of developmental coordination disorder (dcd) treatment and to point out some future alternative approaches to prevent secondary health implications in children with dcd.The cause of dcd is unknown, but evidence suggests that these children have atypical brain structure and function.Interventions to help children cope with their activity limitations are effective in improving motor competence and motor skill related fitness in the short term.Although activity-orientated interventions can improve motor outcomes in children with dcd, high quality intervention trials and evaluation of long-term effects are urgently needed.Importantly, motor coordination problems associated with dcd extend to exercise-related activities leading to reduced participation in play and sports, which causes secondary problems in muscular fitness and body composition.Hence, treatment goals should not be limited to the improvement of motor skills (in adl), but should also focus on health-related quality of life.We therefore propose when noticing motor problems in a child, already before enrolling but also during intervention, to explore ways to adapt everyday physical activities to optimally match the child's skill level.Hence, such activities will not only train the skills and improve physical fitness but will lead to positive engagement, thereby preventing the child from opting out of active play and sports.This provides the child with chances for exercise-dependent learning and will also positively impact social-emotional well-being.

Journal: Biomedical journal (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review