syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Integrating Leadership Development Into Radiation Oncology Training: A Qualitative Analysis of Resident Interviews.

Radiation oncologists need to have more than sound clinical and technical competencies.To optimize care for patients and advance all aspects of radiation oncology (ro), radiation oncologists must also be effective leaders.Embedding systematic leadership education into ro training programs is challenging.This study examined ro residents' perspectives and preferences relating to leadership education.Such data inform the integration of universal leadership learning into ro training in australia and new zealand and identify priority areas to facilitate successful leadership development initiatives in ro training programs worldwide.Methods and materials semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with 13 ro residents across 8 australian training departments and all stages of training.Data from transcriptions of taped interviews were coded by at least 2 researchers and collected to saturation.Qualitative thematic analysis was conducted using an iterative inductive process to develop codes into themes and subthemes.Representative quotes were collated to illustrate subthemes.Results four key themes related to leadership education were identified and labeled as follows: (1) recognition, credibility, and value of education; (2) logistics of formal learning; (3) real-world opportunities ("seeing and doing"); and (4) one size does not fit all.Residents unanimously reported that formal leadership education was important and that aspects of becoming a good leader could be learned.Organizational and cultural factors emerged as either barriers or facilitators to learning.There was strong support for interactive methods of learning, and role-modeling by senior colleagues was identified as having a major effect on junior learners.Conclusions this study offers insight into ro residents' perspectives of and preferences for their own leadership development.The findings have practical implications for the design of effective ro leadership programs and bring the ro field one step closer to the ultimate goal of enhancing leadership capability for all ro professionals.

Journal: International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Accessibility of Essential Medicines for Children in Sichuan Province of China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Essential medicines for children are those medicines that satisfy the priority health care needs of children.Access to essential medicines for children is a big challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.Our study aimed to assess the accessibility of essential medicines for children in public sector in sichuan province of china, based on availability, affordability, and price.methods:we adopted the modified world health organization/health action international (who/hai) standardization methodology to measure the availability, affordability, and prices of 30 essential medicines for children in 20 public hospitals in nine regions of the sichuan province, china.Availability was expressed as the percentage of public medicine outlets that stocked surveyed medicines on the day of data collection, and prices were expressed as median price ratio (mpr).Affordability was assessed as the number of sichuan province's daily wages required for the lowest-paid government unskilled worker (11.03 usd per day) to purchase one standard treatment of an acute disease or treatment for chronic disease for a month.results:the mean availability of originator brands (obs) and lowest priced generics (lpgs) were 9.7 and 46.5% in public sector.Mprs of only 3 obs could be calculated, ranging from 0.55 to 13.37.Mprs of 18 lpgs ranged from 0.07 to 25.05.Among them, 2 obs and 11 lpgs were priced at more than 1.5 times their international reference prices (irps) in public sector, most of which were injections.Except for cefazolin injection and ceftriaxone injection, most lpgs were affordable for the treatment of childhood diseases in public sector, as they each cost one or less than the daily wage for the lowest-paid unskilled government worker.conclusions:although the availability of lpgs for children was higher than obs in public sector, the availability of children's essential medicines was low in surveyed public sector in sichuan province, which was similar to previous studies in other provinces of china.The price of most medicines surveyed was higher than their irps in surveyed public sector, especially for some injections.The affordability of most surveyed lpgs was reasonable in surveyed public sector, except for ceftriaxone injection and cefazolin injection.

Journal: Frontiers in pharmacology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Prospective observational study on Pazopanib in patients treated for advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma in countries in Asia Pacific, North Africa, and Middle East regions: PARACHUTE study.

Clinical effectiveness and safety data of pazopanib in patients with advanced or m rcc in real-world setting from asia pacific, north africa, and middle east countries are lacking.Methods parachute is a phase iv, prospective, non-interventional, observational study.Primary endpoint was the proportion of patients remaining progression free at 12 months.Secondary endpoints were orr, pfs, safety and tolerability, and relative dose intensity (rdi).Results overall, 190 patients with a median age of 61 years (range: 22.0-96.0) were included.Most patients were asian (70%), clear-cell type rcc was the most common (81%), with a favourable (9%), intermediate (47%), poor (10%), and unknown (34%) mskcc risk score.At the end of the observational period, 78 patients completed the observational period and 112 discontinued the study; 60% of patients had the starting dose at 800 mg.Median rdi was 82%, with 52% of patients receiving 10%) teaes related to pazopanib included diarrhoea (30%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (15%), and hypertension (14%).Conclusions results of the parachute study support the use of pazopanib in patients with advanced or m rcc who are naive to vegf-tki therapy.The safety profile is consistent with that previously reported by pivotal and real-world evidence studies.

Journal: BMC cancer (2021)
Publication types: Clinical Trial, Phase IV;Journal Article;Observational Study
Uptake of Immediate Postpartum LARCs and Associated Factors among Mothers Who Gave Birth at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia.

Postpartum family planning is an effective strategy for reducing maternal and childhood morbidity and mortality by preventing unintended pregnancy and short interpregnancy intervals.Despite the paramount advantages of long-acting reversible contraceptives (larc), their uptake remains low in ethiopia.Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the uptake of immediate postpartum larc methods and its associated factors among women who gave birth in hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital, hawassa city, southern ethiopia.Methods an institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 418 eligible mothers who were in the immediate postpartum period.Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire before their discharge from the hospital and analyzed by using spss version 20.The statistical significance was declared at pvalue less than 0.05.Results the uptake larcs among immediate postpartum mothers was 25.4%.The most commonly reported reasons for not using larc were preference to start contraception after six weeks of delivery (43.3%) and the need to use other methods of contraception (26%).Having unplanned birth (aor: 1.97; 95% ci: 1.04-3.71) and receiving family planning counselling on larcs during the postpartum period (aor: 21.1; 95% ci: 6.49-68.66) were factors significantly associated with immediate postpartum larc use.Conclusion low utilization of immediate postpartum larc uptake was found in the current study setting.There was increased utilization of immediate postpartum larc among mothers who received family planning counselling during the postpartum period.Therefore, strengthening family planning counselling during the immediate postpartum period is crucial to enhance postpartum larc use.

Journal: International journal of reproductive medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Successful control of Candida auris transmission in a German COVID-19 intensive care unit.

Candida auris a frequently multidrug-resistant yeast species that poses a global health threat due to its high potential for hospital outbreaks.While c.Auris has become endemic in parts of asia and africa, transmissions have so far rarely been reported in western europe except for great britain and spain.We describe the first documented patient-to-patient transmission of c.Auris in germany in a covid-19 intensive care unit (icu) and infection control measures implemented to prevent further spread of the pathogen.Methods identification of c.Auris was performed by maldi-tof and confirmed by internal transcribed spacer (its) sequencing.Antifungal susceptibility testing was carried out.We conducted repeated cross-sectional examinations for the presence of c.Auris in the patients of the affected icu and investigated possible routes of transmission.Results the index patient had been transferred to germany from a hospital in northern africa and was found to be colonised with c.Auris.The contact patient developed c.Auris sepsis.Infection prevention and control (ipc) measures included strict isolation of the two c.Auris patients and regular screening of non-affected patients.No further case occurred during the subsequent weeks.Reusable blades used in video laryngoscope-guided intubation were considered as the most likely vehicle of transmission.Conclusions in view of its high risk of transmission, vigilance regarding c.Auris colonisation in patients referred from endemic countries is crucial.Strict and immediate ipc measures may have the potential to prevent c.Auris outbreaks.

Journal: Mycoses (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Microfluidic Chip-Based Cancer Diagnosis and Prediction of Relapse by Detecting Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Cancer Stem Cells.

Detecting circulating tumor cells (ctcs) has been considered one of the best biomarkers in liquid biopsy for early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring in cancer.A major challenge of using ctcs is detecting extremely low-concentrated targets in the presence of high noise factors such as serum and hematopoietic cells.This review provides a selective overview of the recent progress in the design of microfluidic devices with optical sensing tools and their application in the detection and analysis of ctcs and their small malignant subset, circulating cancer stem cells (ccscs).Moreover, discussion of novel strategies to analyze the differentiation of circulating cancer stem cells will contribute to an understanding of metastatic cancer, which can help clinicians to make a better assessment.We believe that the topic discussed in this review can provide brief guideline for the development of microfluidic-based optical biosensors in cancer prognosis monitoring and clinical applications.

Journal: Cancers (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Comparative transcriptome analysis of duckweed (Landoltia punctata) in response to cadmium provides insights into molecular mechanisms underlying hyperaccumulation.

Cadmium (cd) is a detrimental environmental pollutant.Duckweeds have been considered promising candidates for cd phytoremediation.Although many physiological studies have been conducted, the molecular mechanisms underlying cd hyperaccumulation in duckweeds are largely unknown.In this study, clone 6001 of landoltia punctata, which showed high cd tolerance, was obtained by large-scale screening of over 200 duckweed clones.Subsequently, its growth, cd flux, cd accumulation, and cd distribution characteristics were investigated.To further explore the global molecular mechanism, a comprehensive transcriptome analysis was performed.For rna-seq, samples were treated with 20 μm cd cl2for 0, 1, 3, and 6 days.In total, 9,461, 9,847, and 9615 differentially expressed unigenes (degs) were discovered between cd-treated and control (0 day) samples.Deg clustering and enrichment analysis identified several biological processes for coping with cd stress.Genes involved in dna repair acted as an early response to cd, while rna and protein metabolism would be likely to respond as well.Furthermore, the carbohydrate metabolic flux tended to be modulated in response to cd stress, and upregulated genes involved in sulfur and ros metabolism might cause high cd tolerance.Vacuolar sequestration most likely played an important role in cd detoxification in l.Punctata 6001.These novel findings provided important clues for molecular assisted screening and breeding of cd hyperaccumulating cultivars for phytoremediation.

Journal: Chemosphere (2018)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article
Empirical Analysis of Apnea Syndrome Using an Artificial Intelligence-Based Granger Panel Model Approach.

Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder that occurs when a person's breathing is interrupted during sleep.People with untreated sleep apnea stop breathing repeatedly during their sleep.This study provides an empirical analysis of apnea syndrome using the ai-based granger panel model approach.Data were collected from the mit-bih polysomnographic database (slpdb).The panel is composed of eighteen patients, while the implementation was done using matlab software.The results show that, for the eighteen patients with sleep apnea, there was a significant relationship between ecg-blood pressure (bp), ecg-eeg, and eeg-blood pressure (bp).The study concludes that the long-term interaction between physiological signals can help the physician to understand the risks associated with these interactions.The study would assist physicians to understand the mechanisms underlying obstructive sleep apnea early and also to select the right treatment for the patients by leveraging the potential of artificial intelligence.The researchers were motivated by the need to reduce the morbidity and mortality arising from sleep apnea using ai-enabled technology.

Journal: Computational intelligence and neuroscience (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Retracted Publication
CRISPR-based diagnostics.

The accurate and timely diagnosis of disease is a prerequisite for efficient therapeutic intervention and epidemiological surveillance.Diagnostics based on the detection of nucleic acids are among the most sensitive and specific, yet most such assays require costly equipment and trained personnel.Recent developments in diagnostic technologies, in particular those leveraging clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr), aim to enable accurate testing at home, at the point of care and in the field.In this review, we provide a rundown of the rapidly expanding toolbox for crispr-based diagnostics, in particular the various assays, preamplification strategies and readouts, and highlight their main applications in the sensing of a wide range of molecular targets relevant to human health.

Journal: Nature biomedical engineering (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Pathogenesis: Investigating Lesion Formation and Progression with Animal Models.

Cerebral cavernous malformation (ccm) is a cerebromicrovascular disease that affects up to 0.5% of the population.Vessel dilation, decreased endothelial cell-cell contact, and loss of junctional complexes lead to loss of brain endothelial barrier integrity and hemorrhagic lesion formation.Leakage of hemorrhagic lesions results in patient symptoms and complications, including seizures, epilepsy, focal headaches, and hemorrhagic stroke.Ccms are classified as sporadic (s ccm) or familial (f ccm), associated with loss-of-function mutations in krit1/ccm1,ccm2, and pdcd10/ccm3.identifying the ccm proteins has thrust the field forward by (1) revealing cellular processes and signaling pathways underlying f ccm pathogenesis, and (2) facilitating the development of animal models to study ccm protein function.Ccm animal models range from various murine models to zebrafish models, with each model providing unique insights into ccm lesion development and progression.Additionally, these animal models serve as preclinical models to study therapeutic options for ccm treatment.This review briefly summarizes ccm disease pathology and the molecular functions of the ccm proteins, followed by an in-depth discussion of animal models used to study ccm pathogenesis and developing therapeutics.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
The Correlation between the Use of the Proton Pump Inhibitor and the Clinical Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

To determine if the use of the proton pump inhibitors (ppi) impacts the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (icis) in non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc), a meta-analysis was conducted.Method eleven studies from pub med, embase, cochrane library, web of science, and other databases up to may 2022, were selected.The pertinent clinical outcomes were assessed by applying the progression-free survival (pfs), overall survival (os), hazard ratio (hr), and 95% confidence interval (ci).Result this study included eleven articles containing 7,893 nsclc patients.The result indicated that ppi use was dramatically related to poor os (hr: 1.30 [1.10-1.54]), and poor pfs (hr: 1.25 [1.09-1.42]) in case of patients treated with icis.With regard to the subgroup analysis, ppi use was dramatically associated with poor os (europe: hr = 1.48 [1.26, 1.74], worldwide: hr = 1.54 [1.24, 1.91]), and poor pfs (europe: hr = 1.36 [1.18, 1.57], worldwide: hr = 1.34 [1.16, 1.55]) in patients from europe and multi-center studies across the world, poor os in patients with age less than or equal to 65 (hr = 1.56 [1.14, 2.15]), poor pfs in patients aged more than 65 (hr = 1.36 [1.18, 1.57]), poor os for patients receiving with pd-1 (hr = 1.37 [1.04, 1.79]), poor pfs for patients receiving with pd-l1 (hr = 1.33 [1.19, 1.49]), and poor os (-30: hr = 1.89 [1.29, 2.78], ±30: hr = 1.44 [1.27, 1.64]) and poor pfs (-30: hr = 1.51 [1.11, 2.05], ±30: hr = 1.32 [1.20, 1.45]) for patients who received ppi at 30 days before and/or after starting the icis treatment.Conclusion our meta-analysis indicated that ppi combined with icis in the treatment of nsclc patients could result in poor os and pfs.Ppi use should be extremely cautious in clinical practices to avoid the impact on the efficacy of the icis.

Journal: Journal of oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Impact of simulation training on decision to delivery interval in cord prolapse.

Umbilical cord prolapse is a rare obstetric emergency requiring rapid coordination of a multidisciplinary team to effect urgent delivery.The decision to delivery interval (ddi) is a marker of quality of teamwork.Multidisciplinary team simulation-based training can be used to improve clinical and teamwork performance.Aim to assess the ddi for cord prolapse before and after the introduction of simulation-based training at a quaternary maternity unit in australia.Method a retrospective, observational cohort study comparing the ddi before and after the introduction of simulation-based training activities.The general linear model was used to estimate the association between ddi and simulation training while adjusting for potential confounders including model of care (public or private) and time of birth (regular or after hours).Results after the introduction of simulation training, mean ddi decreased by 4.1 min (difference -4.1, 95% ci -6.2 to -1.9), after adjustment for confounding factors.Despite this, there was no difference in selected neonatal outcomes including apgar score at 5 min and arterial cord p h.Conclusions the introduction of simulation-based training was associated with a decrease in the ddi in the setting of cord prolapse.

Journal: BMJ simulation & technology enhanced learning (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Genetic diagnosis and renal biopsy findings in the setting of a renal genetics clinic.

As genetic testing becomes more available, its utilization as an early diagnostic tool in nephrology is more common.The objective of the study is to examine diagnostic agreement between the renal biopsy findings and genetic diagnoses.A retrospective study was conducted in february 2022.A total of 28 patients had both genetic diagnosis and histologic results (n = 1 nephrectomy, n = 27 biopsy).We collected clinical, renal biopsy findings, and genetic information.The relationship between the histologic findings and the genetic diagnoses was classified as: concordant, nonspecific, and discordant.A total of 15 males and 13 females were included (mean age = 9.6 years).Clinical suspicion of alport syndrome was the most common reason for referral (n = 11, 39.3%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (n = 8, 28.5%), "other" (n = 6, 21.4%), cystic kidney disease (n = 1, 3.6%), isolated hematuria (n = 1, 3.6%), and non-nephrotic proteinuria (n = 1, 3.6%).The overall concordance rate between renal histologic and genetic diagnoses was 71.4% (20/28), nonspecific biopsy results were observed in 17.9% (5/28), and discordant results were observed in 10.7% (3/28).All patients referred for suspected alport syndrome had pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in one of the col4a genes.Two cases of lowe syndrome and one of pax2-associated nephropathy had discordant histology findings.Agreement between renal histologic findings and genetic results varies based on the reason for referral.There was a complete agreement for patients referred for alport syndrome; however, there were examples that renal biopsy showed secondary findings that were not specifically associated with the underlying genetic results.

Journal: American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Efficacy and safety of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of pemphigus: A comprehensive literature review and future perspective.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (btk) is a protein involved in b-cell-receptor signaling and b-cell proliferation.The pathophysiology of several autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus disorder, relies on the btk signaling pathway.Therefore, btk inhibitors were found to be beneficial alternatives to conventional treatments the current study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of btk inhibitors in treating pemphigus.A complete search was performed on databases including pub med/med line, scopus, web of science, as well as google scholar search engine for studies published by september 20th, 2023.The current review indicates that btk inhibitors alone or in combination with conventional treatments are promising options in the management of pemphigus.The overall safety profile of btk inhibitors has been acceptable, and the reported adverse reactions were not severe or life-threatening.

Journal: Heliyon (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review