syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Association Between Maternal Adverse Childhood Experiences and Neonatal SCG5 DNA Methylation-Effect Modification by Prenatal Home Visiting.

Maternal childhood adversity and trauma may elicit biological changes that impact the next generation through epigenetic responses measured in dna methylation (dnam).These epigenetic associations could be modified by the early postnatal environment through protective factors, such as early childhood home visiting (hv) programs that aim to mitigate deleterious intergenerational effects of adversity.In a cohort of 53 mother-child pairs recruited in 2015-2016 for the pregnancy and infant development study (cincinnati, ohio), we examined the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (aces) and neonatal dnam in the secretogranin v gene (scg5), which is important in neuroendocrine function.We examined prenatal hv as an effect modifier.Mothers completed a questionnaire on aces during pregnancy, and infant buccal samples were collected 1 month postpartum.Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the association between maternal aces and neonatal dnam expressed as m-values averaged across 4 cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide sites.A higher number of maternal aces (>3) was associated with a 5.79-percentage-point lower offspring dnam (95% confidence interval: -10.44, -1.14), and the association was modified by the number of home visits received during pregnancy.In a population of at-risk mother-child dyads, preliminary evidence suggests that maternal aces have a relationship with offspring scg5 dnam that differs by the amount of prenatal hv.

Journal: American journal of epidemiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Fear, worry and sadness: an exploratory study of psychological wellbeing in men caring for their partner with ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from female cancers in australia with the majority of women presenting with advanced disease.The burden of caregiving is largely borne by male carers; however, little research has examined the challenges male ovarian cancer caregivers (mocc) experience.This study aimed to explore the psychosocial wellbeing and cancer-related challenges experienced by mocc.Methods a cross-sectional small-scale exploratory online survey study recruited 36 mocc.The study questionnaire was comprised of the generalised anxiety disorder scale (gad-7), patient health questionnaire depression module (phq-9), functional assessment of cancer therapy scale (fact-g) family member, fear of cancer recurrence scale, insomnia severity index (isi), functional assessment of chronic illness therapy fatigue scale (factit-f) and cancer-related challenges scale (crcs).Results the most common challenges ever experienced were worry about the future (91%), fear of metastasis (90%) and feeling worried or uncertain (88%).The most common current challenges were fear of cancer recurrence (75%), fear of metastasis (68%) and changes in sexual relationships (64%).Depression and anxiety were significantly correlated with all psychosocial variables highlighting the relationships between elements of wellbeing for mocc.Clinical levels of fear of cancer recurrence were reported by 89% of mocc.Conclusions the challenges faced by mocc are psychosocial in nature.There is a high correlation between anxiety and depression, and this coupled with the fear of disease recurrence indicates a greater need for screening of these issues, appropriate referral and development of support resources for this high-risk group of cancer carers.

Journal: Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A longitudinal study to evaluate the bleeding pattern of patients on low dose aspirin therapy following dental extraction.

And aims antiplatelet dugs are often interrupted preceding invasive dental extraction because of concern of bleeding complications.The fear of uncontrolled bleeding often prompts medical and dental practitioners to stop aspirin intake for 7 to 10 days before any surgical procedure, which puts the patient at risk from adverse thrombotic events.The aim of the study conducted was to evaluate the bleeding pattern after routine dental extraction among patients on low dose long term aspirin therapy.Methods a total of 104 subjects in the age group of 30-65 years, who continued to have aspirin intake during extraction were included in the study.Dental extraction was performed without stopping aspirin therapy under local anesthesia.The post-operative blood loss was quantified by weighing the gauze pre and post operatively and adding total volume of fluid in the suction jar.Results of these 104 patients treated, 87% of patients had mild bleeding (<20 ml) and 13% of patients had moderate bleeding (20-30 ml).The total study population showed a mean blood loss of 16.15 ± 3.5 ml.Conclusion within in the limitations, our study concluded that the routine dental extraction in patients under low dose aspirin therapy did not cause clinically significant post extraction hemorrhage.Aspirin intake can be continued during routine dental extraction as post extraction bleeding encountered will be negligible.

Journal: Journal of family medicine and primary care (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
K-RAS4A: Lead or Supporting Role in Cancer Biology?

The ras oncogene is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancer, with k-ras having a leading role in tumorigenesis.K-ras undergoes alternative splicing, and as a result its transcript generates two gene products k-ras4a and k-ras4b, which are affected by the same oncogenic mutations, are highly homologous, and are expressed in a variety of human tissues at different levels.In addition, both isoforms localise to the plasma membrane by distinct targeting motifs.While some evidence suggests nonredundant functions for both splice variants, most work to date has focused on k-ras4b, or even just k-ras (i.e., without differentiating between the splice variants).This review aims to address the most relevant evidence published regarding k-ras4a and to discuss if this "minor" isoform could also play a leading role in cancer, concluding that a significant body of evidence supports a leading role rather than a supporting (or secondary) role for k-ras4a in cancer biology.

Journal: Frontiers in molecular biosciences (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Local morbidity from red-bellied black snake (Pseudechis porphyriacus, Elapidae) envenoming: Two cases and a brief review of management.

The red-bellied black snake (pseudechis porphyriacus, elapidae) is one of several species of venomous snakes most commonly implicated in human and domestic animal envenoming in australia.Human systemic envenoming can present with myotoxicity that may include myoglobinuria; hemoglobinuria and intravascular hemolysis; thrombocytopenia, anticoagulant coagulopathy, and, rarely, mild cranial nerve palsies.Pseudechis porphyriacus envenoming can also feature significant local morbidity such as ecchymoses, bleeding, pain and necrosis.Some envenomed patients may develop progressive thickness necrosis independent of secondary infection, and occasionally require surgical debridement.Uncommonly, some digital envenoming may cause more severe deeper tissue pathology that justifies dermotomy and/or distal phalangeal amputation.Presented are two patients with significant local morbidity from p.Porphyriacus envenoming.An 18-month old girl received a protracted envenoming on her right foot, while a 38-year old male professional zoologist was envenomed on the third digit of his right hand.Each patient experienced myotoxicity, one had anticoagulant coagulopathy, and both developed clinically significant local morbidity including persistent bleeding, ecchymoses, local necrosis and pain; each required extensive treatment and variably prolonged admission.Noted also were transiently elevated d-dimer with low-normal or normal fibrinogen levels.The progressive necrosis and subsequent chronic pathologic changes with ischemia of the latter patient's digit eventually required a dermotomy and amputation of the distal phalanx.The pediatric patient did not require extensive wound debridement, but experienced prolonged difficulty in ambulation because of slowly resolving wound discomfort.Factors that may contribute to the severity of local morbidity of p.Porphyriacus envenoming are considered, and management of envenoming by this taxon is briefly reviewed.

Journal: Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology (2018)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Lycopene attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by modulating Nrf2/NF-κB balance in sulfamethoxazole-induced neurotoxicity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella).

All drugs that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (bbb) may lead to mental state changes, including the widely used anti-infective drug sulfamethoxazole (smz).Herein, we investigated whether lycopene (lyc) could ameliorate smz-induced brain injury and the postulated mechanisms involved.A total of 120 grass carps were exposed under smz (0.3 μg/l, waterborne) or lyc (10 mg/kg fish weight, diet) or their combination for 30 days.Firstly, brain injury induced by smz exposure was suggested by the damage of bbb (decreases of claudins, occludin and zonula occludens), and the decrease of neurotransmitter activity (ach e).Through inducing oxidative stress (elevations of malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine, inhibition of glutathione), smz increased the intra-nuclear level of nf-κb and its target genes (tnf-α and interleukins), creating an inflammatory microenvironment.As a positive feed-back mechanism, apoptosis begins with activation of pro-death proteins (bax/bcl-2) and activation of caspases (caspase-9 and caspase-3).Meanwhile, a compensatory upregulation of constitutive nrf2 and its downstream antioxidative gene expression (nad(p)h quinone dehydrogenase 1 and heme oxygenase 1) and accelerated autophagy (increases of autophagy-related genes and p62 inhibition) were activated as a defense mechanism.Intriguingly, under smz stress, lyc co-administration decreased nf-κb/apoptosis cascades and restored nrf2/autophagy levels.The neuroprotective roles of lyc make this natural compound a valuable agent for prevention smz stress in environment.This study suggests that lyc might be developed as a potential candidate for alleviating environmental smz stress in aquaculture.

Journal: Fish & shellfish immunology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cytotoxicity and estrogenicity of a novel 3-dimensional printed orthodontic aligner.

Introduction orthodontic aligners printed with in-office 3-dimensional (3d) procedures have been described, but no data on their biocompatibility exist.This study investigates the cytotoxicity and estrogenicity of a 3d-printed orthodontic aligner by assessing its biological and behavioral effects.Methods ten sets of 1 type of aligner were immersed in sterile deionized water for 14 days, and the cytotoxicity and estrogenicity of released factors were assessed via mtt (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays on human gingival fibroblasts and the estrogen-sensitive mcf-7 and the estrogen-insensitive mda-mb-231 breast cancer cell lines.17β-estradiol and bisphenol-a were used as positive controls.The statistical analysis of data was performed with generalized linear models at a 0.05 level of significance.Results no signs of cytotoxicity were seen for the aligner samples for concentrations (v/v) of 20% (p = 0.32), 10% (p = 0.79), or 5% (p = 0.76).The antioxidant activity expressed as the capacity to reduce intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species was not affected in the aligner samples (p = 0.08).No significant estrogenicity was induced by the aligner samples compared with eluents from the negative control for both mcf-7 (p = 0.65) and mda-mb-231 (p = 0.78).As expected, 17β-estradiol and bisphenol-a stimulated mcf-7 cell proliferation, whereas no effect was observed on mda-mb-231 cells.Conclusions in conclusion, if any factors were released during the 14-day aging of 3d-printed aligners in water, these were not found to be cytotoxic for human gingival fibroblasts and did not affect their intracellular reactive oxygen species levels.Moreover, no estrogenic effects of these putative eluates were observed based on an e-screen assay.

Journal: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Mitigating spread of contamination in meat supply chain management using deep learning.

Industry 4.0 recommends a paradigm shift from traditional manufacturing to automated industrial practices, especially in different parts of supply chain management.Besides, the sustainable development goal (sdg) 12 underscores the urgency of ensuring a sustainable supply chain with novel technologies including artificial intelligence to decrease food loss, which has the potential of mitigating food waste.These new technologies can increase productivity, especially in perishable products of the supply chain by reducing expenses, increasing the accuracy of operations, accelerating processes, and decreasing the carbon footprint of food.Artificial intelligence techniques such as deep learning can be utilized in various sections of meat supply chain management--where highly perishable products like spoiled meat need to be separated from wholesome ones to prevent cross-contamination with food-borne pathogens.Therefore, to automate this process and prevent meat spoilage and/or improve meat shelf life which is crucial to consumer meat preferences and sustainable consumption, a classification model was trained by the dcnn and pso algorithms with 100% accuracy, which discerns wholesome meat from spoiled ones.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cabozantinib for the treatment of solid tumors: a systematic review.

Cabozantinib is approved, in various settings, for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, medullary thyroid cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and it has been investigated for the treatment of other cancers.With the available evidence and the real-world performance of cabozantinib compared with clinical trial data, we performed a systematic review of cabozantinib monotherapy as treatment for solid tumors in adults.Methods this study was designed in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and registered with prospero (crd42020144680).We searched for clinical and observational studies of cabozantinib monotherapy for solid tumors using embase, medline, and cochrane databases (october 2020), and screened relevant congress abstracts.Eligible studies reported clinical or safety outcomes, or biomarker data.Small studies (n< 25) and studies of cabozantinib combination therapies were excluded.Quality was assessed using national institute for health and care excellence methodology, and study characteristics were described qualitatively.Results of 2888 citations, 114 were included (52 randomized studies, 29 observational studies, 32 nonrandomized phase i or ii studies or pilot trials, and 1 analysis of data from a randomized study and a nonrandomized study).Beyond approved indications, other tumors studied were castration-resistant prostate cancer, urothelial carcinoma, ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, uveal melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, merkel cell carcinoma, glioblastoma, pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, cholangiocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, colorectal cancer, salivary gland cancer, carcinoid and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers.The most common adverse events were hypertension, diarrhea, and fatigue.Conclusion the identified evidence demonstrates the positive efficacy/effectiveness of cabozantinib monotherapy in various solid tumor types, with safety findings being consistent with those observed with other vegfr-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors.When available, real-world findings were consistent with the data reported from clinical trials.A limitation of this review is the high proportion of abstracts; however, this allowed us to capture the most up-to-date findings.

Journal: Therapeutic advances in medical oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Understanding unidentified human remains investigations through the United States census data.

Each year, thousands of unidentified human remains (uhr) cases are reported in the u.s.Technological advances have greatly enhanced the forensic community's capacity and capability to solve uhr cases, but little is known about the extent to which these resources are used by medical examiners and coroners (mecs).Using public datasets, the study purpose is to describe the current state mec system with respect to uhr cases, the resources used to investigate these cases, and the evidence retention polices in place.There was an overall decline in uhr cases reported between 2004 and 2018.Less than half of mecs in both study years reported having established written final disposition and evidence retention policies for uhr cases.National missing persons databases were underused.This study provides an important window into the present state of uhrs being handled by our nation's mec offices and the resources available to solve these difficult cases.

Journal: Forensic science international. Synergy (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Reduction of sterigmatocystin biosynthesis and growth of food-borne fungi by lactic acid.

Food contamination by fungi and mycotoxins presents a problem for food safety even today.Since lactic acid (la) has generally recognized as safe (gras) status, the aim of this research was to determine its potential in protection of food against mycological and mycotoxicological contamination.In this study, la showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of food-borne fungi (penicillium aurantiogriseum k51,aspergillus parasiticus kb31,aspergillus versicolor s72, and aspergillus niger k95) and on biosynthesis of sterigmatocystin (ste).For the antifungal effect of la on the growth of food-borne fungi, the disc diffusion and microdilution methods were performed.The effect of la on the ste biosynthesis by a.Versicolorwas determined using an lc-ms/ms technique.The largest inhibition zone was observed for a.Versicolor(inhibition zone of 24 ± 0.35 mm), while there were no inhibition zones for a.Nigerand a.Parasiticusat all tested la concentrations.The minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of la on fungi ranged from 25.0 mg/m l to 50.0 mg/m l, while the minimum fungicidal concentrations (mfcs) ranged from 50.0 mg/m l to 100.0 mg/m l.Complete inhibition of ste biosynthesis by a.Versicolorwas observed at an la concentration of 50.0 mg/m l.The obtained results showed that la could be efficient for protection of food against mycological and ste contamination.

Journal: Bioscience of microbiota, food and health (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Prevalence of and factors related to microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tianjin, China: a cross-sectional study.

Since chronic hyperglycemia-related damage to small blood vessels results in complications, patients with longer durations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) are more likely to develop microvascular complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy, which are very harmful to the health of humans.Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of diabetes-related microvascular complications and to explore their risk factors in patients with t2dm in tianjin, china.Methods this observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at 8 hospitals in urban and suburban regions of tianjin, china.The information collected from the subjects mainly included demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and clinical information.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the possible risk factors for microvascular complications (retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy).Results a total of 4,490 patients with t2dm from 8 hospitals in tianjin, china were selected from november 2015 to january 2016.Of the study subjects, 2,270 (50.6%) were males.The median age was 64.0±13.0 years.The percentage of patients with t2dm who had at least one microvascular complication was 34.5%.The prevalence rates of neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy were 23.5%, 17.4%, and 10.8%, respectively.The results of the multivariate logistic regression showed that the duration of diabetes, insulin use, and the presence of hypertension and dyslipidemia were the main risk factors for developing microvascular complications of t2dm.Conclusions the incidence of diabetes complications in tianjin is high.Increasing the control of risk factors can reduce the occurrence of complications to reduce the disease burden and improve the quality of life of patients.

Journal: Annals of translational medicine (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
The choice of response alternatives in COVID-19 social science surveys.

Social science research is key for understanding and for predicting compliance with covid-19 guidelines, and this research relies on survey data.While much focus is on the survey question stems, less is on the response alternatives presented that both constrain responses and convey information about the assumed expectations of the survey designers.The focus here is on the choice of response alternatives for the types of behavioral frequency questions used in many covid-19 and other health surveys.We examine issues with two types of response alternatives.The first are vague quantifiers, like "rarely" and "frequently." using data from 30 countries from the imperial covid data hub, we show that the interpretation of these vague quantifiers (and their translations) depends on the norms in that country.If the mean amount of hand washing in a country is high, it is likely "frequently" corresponds to a higher numeric value for hand washing than if the mean in the country is low.The second type are sets of numeric alternatives and they can also be problematic.Using a us survey, respondents were randomly allocated to receive either response alternatives where most of the scale corresponds to low frequencies or where most of the scale corresponds to high frequencies.Those given the low frequency set provided lower estimates of the health behaviors.The choice of response alternatives for behavioral frequency questions can affect the estimates of health behaviors.How the response alternatives mold the responses should be taken into account for epidemiological modeling.We conclude with some recommendations for response alternatives for behavioral frequency questions in surveys.

Journal: PloS one (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't