syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Genetic variant ofSPARCgene and its association with growth traits in Chinese cattle.

Sparc is a cysteine-rich acidic secreted protein.It is a non-collagen component of bone, which is widely distributed in humans and animals and plays an important role.Sparc has been found in a variety of human cancers (breast cancer, stomach cancer, ovarian cancer, etc.) and diabetes-related research.Especially the muscle and fat metabolism are closely related.In this study, we used a dna pool to detect a new snp site (g.12454t>c).A total of 616 samples of four breeds of qinchuan cattle (qc,n=176), xianan cattle (xn,n=160), pinan cattle (pn,n=136) and jiaxian cattle (jx,n=144) were analyzed and identified with arms-pcr.In addition, we correlated snp with growth traits and showed significant correlation with growth traits such as rump length, hip width, and body length (p<0.05).Moreover, we tested the sparcgene expression level in different tissues belonging to xn adult cattle (n=3) and found its high expression in muscle tissues (relative to the kidney).Further, we found the snp is able to increase the sparcexpression level in skeletal muscle (n=12).According to statistical data, this snp site may be applied to a molecular marker of an early marker-assisted selection for early growth of beef cattle.

Journal: Archives animal breeding (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effects of calcium-phosphate, laser and adhesive on dentin permeability and bond strength.

S the present study examined a technique for reducing dentin permeability through the application of a calcium phosphate (ca p)-based desensitiser with a laser-assisted process and evaluated adhesive-dentin bond strength.methods: thirty dentin discs were divided into two groups according to whether the selected desensitiser (teeth mate; kuraray noritake) was used prior to dentin bonding.Each group was subdivided into three subgroups (n = 5): a- adhesive (single bond universal, 3m espe), al- adhesive + laser (nd:yag 60 m j) and lal- laser + adhesive + laser.Dentin permeability values (%) were recorded before and after desensitiser application.Resin composites were placed over the bonded specimens; the latter were aged prior to microtensile bond strength evaluation.Gelatinolytic activity within the hybrid layers was examined within-situzymography using confocal laser scanning microscopy.Data were analysed with anova and tukey test (α = 0.05).Results significant differences in dentin permeability were identified for all groups (p = 0.00).Both laser treatment (p = 0.182) and desensitiser application (p = 0.687) did not significantly improve dentin bond strength.Ultrastructure of the resin-dentin interface identified presence of calcium phosphate within dentinal tubules.Laser treatment did not affect hybrid layer ultrastructure.Both treatment modalities (intratubular ca p occlusion and laser) had no influence on gelatinolytic activity within hybrid layers.Conclusion although intratubular ca p occlusion and laser treatment were effective in reducing dentin permeability, they did not affect bond strength, interfacial ultrastructure and gelatinolytic activity within hybrid layers.Clinical relevance treatment of etched dentin with nd:yag laser at 60 m j does not adversely affect collagen ultrastructure and gelatinolytic activity within the hybrid layer.The application of a calcium phosphate-based desensitiser to etch dentin does not affect dentin bond strength.

Journal: Heliyon (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Plasma Fatty Acids, Not Dietary Fatty Acids, Associated with Obesity in Four Ethnic Minority Groups Unique to Southwest China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Dietary fatty acids (dfas) and plasma fatty acids (pfas) are linked to obesity.However, whether this association exists among ethnic minorities remains lacking.The present cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the correlation between dfas, pfas and obesity in four ethnic minority groups to southwest china.Methods a total of 166 obese people, and 166 normal-bmi subjects matched based on their age-, sex-, and ethnicity- were recruited from four different ethnic minority groups.Dfas were obtained through food frequency questionnaires.Pfas were assayed by gc/ms method.Binary and multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation among dfas, pfas and obesity.Canonical correlation analysis (cca) was conducted to assess the relationship between dfas and pfas.Results fas were found to be highest in the naxi people and lowest in the hani people.Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that plasma c16:0 (or = 1.310; 95% ci, 1.028-1.669) in the hani people; plasma c20:3 n-6 (or = 6.250; 95% ci, 1.224-31.927) and dietary c20:1 (or = 9.231; 95% ci, 1.253-68.016) in the wa people; plasma c18:0 (or = 0.788; 95% ci, 0.681-0.912) in the naxi people were seen to be independent predictive factors for obesity.Cca showed that dfas were positively correlated with pfas in the naxi (r: 0.676;p< 0.05) and bulang people (r: 0.897;p< 0.05), but there was no correlation in the hani and wa people.Conclusion in this study, pfas but not dfas were independently associated with obesity, and different among the four ethnic minorities.

Journal: Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Early maternal separation alters the activation of stress-responsive brain areas in adulthood.

The expression of c-fos protein has been extensively used as a marker of neuronal activation in response to stressful stimuli.Early maternal separation (ms) is a model of early life adversity that affects the responsiveness of the brain areas to stressors.Thus, this study examined the impact of early ms on activating stress-responsive areas in the brain of adult rats in response to physical (ether) or psychological (restraint) stressors.Male pups were divided for the ms or non-handled (nh) groups.The ms was carried out daily between the 2nd and 14th day of postnatal life and consisted in removing the dams from the cage for 180 min.The rats were then subjected to experimental protocols of restraint or ether exposure at 10-12 weeks old.The rats were anesthetized 90 min after exposure to the stressors, and their brains were prepared for immunohistochemical analysis of c-fos immunoreactive (c-fos-ir) neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (pvn), supraoptic nucleus (son), medial preoptic area (mpa), medial amygdaloid nucleus (me a), locus coeruleus (lc), and nucleus of the solitary tract (nst).The ms-group presented 86%, 125%, 73%, 56%, and 137% higher c-fos-ir neurons in the lc, pvn, son, mpa, and me a, respectively, compared to nh-group in response to the restraint stressor.In addition, the ms-group presented 180%, 137%, 170%, and 138% higher c-fos-ir neurons for the ether exposure in the lc, pvn, mpa, and me a, respectively.Our results show a greater increase in neuronal activation in the ms group, indicating that early life adversity can induce reprogramming in the brain response to stress in adulthood.

Journal: Neuroscience letters (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Imaging findings ofStenotrophomonas maltophiliapneumonia: emphasis on CT findings between immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(s.Maltophilia) is a globally emerging, rare, waterborne, aerobic, gram-negative, multiple-drug-resistant organism, most commonly associated with respiratory tract infection in humans.Computed tomography (ct) findings in patients with s.Maltophiliapneumonia are rarely reported.Purpose to compare ct findings between immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, and to determine characteristic imaging findings of s.Maltophiliapneumonia.Material and methods ct findings of eight immunocompromised and 29 immunocompetent patients with proven s.Maltophiliapneumonia were reviewed retrospectively.Different patterns of ct abnormalities between immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients were compared by fisher's exact test.Results patchy ground-glass opacities (ggos) were the most common ct findings, present in 36 (97.3%) of the 37 patients.Among the patients with patchy ggos, consolidation was seen in 29 (78.4%) patients, and centrilobular nodules were noted in 15 (40.5%) patients.The transaxial distribution of the parenchymal abnormalities was predominantly randomly distributed in 30 (81.1%) cases.Regarding longitudinal plane involvement, the predominant zonal distributions were the diffuse distribution (n=23, 62.2%) and the lower lung zone (n=14, 37.8%).None of the patients showed upper lung zone predominance.The proportion of patients with parenchymal ct findings or associated findings in the immunocompromised patients was not significantly different from that of the immunocompetent patients.However, lower lung zone predominance on the longitudinal plane was significantly more common in immunocompetent patients than in immunocompromised patients (14/29 vs.0/8,p=0.015).And diffuse distribution of parenchymal abnormalities on a longitudinal plane was significantly more frequent in immunocompromised patients than in immunocompetent patients (8/8 vs.15/29,p=0.015).Conclusion the most common ct patterns of s.Maltophiliapneumonia in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients were patchy ggos and consolidation.However, in immunocompetent patients, parenchymal abnormalities were more predominately distributed in lower lung zone than in immunocompromised patients; and in immunocompromised patients, parenchymal abnormalities were more diffusely distributed than in immunocompetent patients.

Journal: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
O-GlcNAcylation of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Alters Its DNA Binding and DNA Damage Processing Activities.

Protein o-glc nacylation is an essential and dynamic regulator of myriad cellular processes, including dna replication and repair.Proteomic studies have identified the multifunctional nuclear protein hmgb1 as o-glc nacylated, providing a potential link between this modification and dna damage responses.Here, we verify the protein's endogenous modification at s100 and s107 and found that the major modification site is s100, a residue that can potentially influence hmgb1-dna interactions.Using synthetic protein chemistry, we generated site-specifically o-glc nac-modified hmgb1 at s100 and characterized biochemically the effect of the sugar modification on its dna binding activity.We found that o-glc nac alters hmgb1 binding to linear, nucleosomal, supercoiled, cruciform, and interstrand cross-linked damaged dna, generally resulting in enhanced oligomerization on these dna structures.Using cell-free extracts, we also found that o-glc nac reduces the ability of hmgb1 to facilitate dna repair, resulting in error-prone processing of damaged dna.Our results expand our understanding of the molecular consequences of o-glc nac and how it affects protein-dna interfaces.Importantly, our work may also support a link between upregulated o-glc nac levels and increased rates of mutations in certain cancer states.

Journal: Journal of the American Chemical Society (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
In silico and in vitro analysis of PPAR - α / γ dual agonists: Comparative evaluation of potential phytochemicals with anti-obesity drug orlistat.

Obesity is an abnormal fat accumulation disorder in the metabolic syndrome constellation, and a risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld), and cancer.Nuclear receptors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, ppar) are implicated in metabolic syndrome and nafld, and have potential for therapeutic targeting.Nuclear receptors are ligand-dependent transcription factors that have diverse roles in metabolism, including regulating genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism, modulating inflammatory genes, and are crucial for maintaining metabolic flexibility.Ppar activates adipose triglyceride lipase, which then releases fatty acids as ligands for ppar, indicating the interdependency of nuclear receptors and lipases.Here, molecular docking was performed with selected phytochemical ligands that can bind with ppar-α/γ (pdb id: 2znn and 2ath, respectively) using glide module of schrodinger software followed by molecular dynamics simulation study using desmond module, and admet analysis.Interestingly, orlistat which is a well-known lipase and fatty acid synthase inhibitor also demonstrated favorable binding affinity with both ppar-α/γ (-10.96 kcal/mol against pparα and -10.26 kcal/mol against pparγ).The highest docking scores were however shown by the flavonoids - rutin (-14.88 kcal/mol against pparα and -13.64 kcal/mol against pparγ), and its aglycone, quercetin (-10.08 kcal/mol in pparα and -9.89 kcal/mol in pparγ).The other phytochemicals (genistein, esculin, daidzin, naringenin, daidzein, dihydroxy coumarin, hydroquinone) showed lower binding affinity as dual agonists.The anti-obesity effects were experimentally validated in cultured adipocytes, which revealed better lipid inhibition by rutin and quercetin than orlistat (quercetin > rutin > orlistat) pointing to their strong potential in anti-obesity treatment.

Journal: Computers in biology and medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Resistance of Candida to azoles and echinocandins worldwide.

Recently there has been an increase in candida infections worldwide.A handful of species in the genus candida are opportunistic pathogens and have been known to cause infections in immunocompromised or otherwise impaired hosts.These infections can be superficial, affecting the skin or mucous membrane, or invasive, which can be life-threatening.Azoles and echinocandins are antifungal drugs used globally to treat candida infections.However, resistance to these antifungal drugs has increased in many of the candida species, and the effects this has in the clinical setting can be seen.Objectives here, we discuss the mechanisms that candida albicans, candida dubliniensis, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis and candida auris are implementing to increase resistance to azoles and echinocandins, and how they are affecting clinical, or hospital, settings worldwide.Sources different studies and papers describing the mechanisms of antifungal drugs and candida species evolution to becoming resistant to these drugs were looked at for this review.Content we discuss the mechanisms that azoles and echinocandins use against candida species to treat infections, as well as the evolution of these fungi to become resistant to these drugs, and the effect this has in the clinical settings around the globe.Implications increased resistance to azoles and echinocandins by candida species is an increasingly serious problem in clinical settings worldwide.Understanding the mechanisms used against antifungal drugs is imperative for patient treatment.

Journal: Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Relapsed Medulloblastoma in Pre-Irradiated Patients: Current Practice for Diagnostics and Treatment.

Relapsed medulloblastoma (r mb) accounts for a considerable, and disproportionate amount of childhood cancer deaths.Recent advances have gone someway to characterising disease biology at relapse including second malignancies that often cannot be distinguished from relapse on imaging alone.Furthermore, there are now multiple international early-phase trials exploring drug-target matches across a range of high-risk/relapsed paediatric tumours.Despite these advances, treatment at relapse in pre-irradiated patients is typically non-curative and focuses on providing life-prolonging and symptom-modifying care that is tailored to the needs and wishes of the individual and their family.Here, we describe the current understanding of prognostic factors at disease relapse such as principal molecular group, adverse molecular biology, and timing of relapse.We provide an overview of the clinical diagnostic process including signs and symptoms, staging investigations, and molecular pathology, followed by a summary of treatment modalities and considerations.Finally, we summarise future directions to progress understanding of treatment resistance and the biological mechanisms underpinning early therapy-refractory and relapsed disease.These initiatives include development of comprehensive and collaborative molecular profiling approaches at relapse, liquid biopsies such as cerebrospinal fluid (csf) as a biomarker of minimal residual disease (mrd), modelling strategies, and the use of primary tumour material for real-time drug screening approaches.

Journal: Cancers (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Efficacy and safety associated with the infusion speed of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of Kawasaki disease: a randomized controlled trial.

High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) is the mainstay of treatment for kawasaki disease (kd).Usually, 2 g/kg of ivig is administered over 10-24 h, depending on the institution or physician, but the association between infusion speed and effectiveness has not been reported.In this study, we evaluated the differences in efficacy and safety between two different ivig administration speeds.Methods this was a multicenter, unblinded, randomized controlled study.Patients newly diagnosed with kd were randomized into two groups: one who received ivig over 12 h (12h group, double speed), and one that received ivig over 24 h (24h group, reference speed).The endpoints included the duration of fever, incidence of coronary artery abnormalities (caas) and of adverse events.Laboratory data were evaluated before and after ivig administration.Results a total of 39 patients were enrolled.There was no difference between groups in fever duration after the initiation of ivig (21 h vs.21.5 h, p = 0.325), and no patient experienced caas.Two adverse events were observed in the 12h group (elevation of aspartate aminotransferase and vomiting), however no severe adverse events requiring treatments or extension of hospital stay were observed in either group.After initial ivig administration, the change ratio of inflammatory markers, such as white blood cell counts, neutrophils, c-reactive protein, and albumin, did not show significant differences between the two groups.On the other hand, a greater increase of serum immunoglobulin g from its baseline level was observed in the 24h group compared to the 12h group (3037 ± 648 mg/dl vs.2414 ± 248 mg/dl, p < 0.01).Conclusion the efficacy and safety of ivig administered over 12 h (double speed) were similar to those administered over 24 h (reference speed).Trial registration university hospital medical information network ( umin000014665 ).Registered 27 july 2014 - prospectively registered,

Journal: Pediatric rheumatology online journal (2021)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article;Multicenter Study;Randomized Controlled Trial
Solitary 15 cm splenic abscess successfully treated with percutaneous drainage.

Splenic abscesses are rare, but can be life-threatening.Antibiotics, percutaneous drainage and splenectomy are the usual treatment options.However, there is no ideal algorithm for choosing among these options.A man in his 60 s presented with 10 days of left upper quadrant pain and abdominal distension.Computed tomography (ct) scan of the abdomen revealed a splenic abscess measuring 15 cm in diameter.Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis.Ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage was performed and streptococcus anginosusgrew in cultures of both blood and intrasplenic fluid.The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics and continuous drainage for 8 weeks.The abscess cavity nearly disappeared on follow-up ct scan.Percutaneous drainage should be considered for a solitary unilocular splenic abscess even if the abscess is large.

Journal: IDCases (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Household Transmission and Clinical Features of SARS-CoV-2 Infections.

S examine age differences in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-co v-2) transmission risk from primary cases and infection risk among household contacts and symptoms among those with sars-co v-2 infection.Methods people with sars-co v-2 infection in nashville, tennessee and central and western wisconsin and their household contacts were followed daily for 14 days to ascertain symptoms and secondary transmission events.Households were enrolled between april 2020 and april 2021.Secondary infection risks (sir) by age of the primary case and contacts were estimated using generalized estimating equations.Results the 226 primary cases were followed by 198 (49%) secondary sars-co v-2 infections among 404 household contacts.Age group-specific sir among contacts ranged from 36% to 53%, with no differences by age.Sir was lower in primary cases age 12 to 17 years than from primary cases 18 to 49 years (risk ratio [rr] 0.42; 95% confidence interval [ci] 0.19-0.91).Sir was 55% and 45%, respectively, among primary case-contact pairs in the same versus different age group (rr 1.47; 95% ci 0.98-2.22).Sir was highest among primary case-contact pairs age ≥65 years (76%) and 5 to 11 years (69%).Among secondary sars-co v-2 infections, 19% were asymptomatic; there was no difference in the frequency of asymptomatic infections by age group.Conclusions both children and adults can transmit and are susceptible to sars-co v-2 infection.Sir did not vary by age, but further research is needed to understand age-related differences in probability of transmission from primary cases by age.

Journal: Pediatrics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Awareness and Knowledge about Human Papilloma Virus Infection among Students at Secondary Occupational Health School in China.

Cervical cancer (cc) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Cc is mainly caused by human papilloma virus (hpv), which can be prevented by vaccination.We conducted a cross-sectional study in secondary occupational health school (sohs) through a questionnaire aimed to assess the awareness and knowledge regarding hpv infection of students.A total of 2248 students participated in the survey, 45.3% of them had heard about cc, while only 21.9% of them had heard about hpv; and 74.2% had no idea of the causal link between hpv infection and cc.Most participants displayed poor awareness and knowledge about hpv infection.The results suggested that age, grade, major, academic performance, etc.Were correlated with higher awareness of cc, hpv and hpv infection (p< 0.05).In multivariable logistic analysis, third-grade students had the most increased awareness of cc (or = 17.13, 95%ci: [8.11, 36.15]), hpv (or = 6.59, 95%ci: [4.16, 10.43]) and hpv vaccine (or = 2.78, 95%ci: [1.78, 4.32]) when compared to first-grade.Awareness and knowledge regarding hpv infection were insufficient among students in sohs.As the future healthcare providers, these results highlight the need to supplement targeted education to improve their awareness and knowledge of hpv and vaccination.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't