syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of nanoscale delivery systems on improving the bioavailability of lutein in rodent models: a systematic review.

Lutein, a potent antioxidant and the main macular pigment that protects the macula from light-initiated oxidative damage, has low bioavailability.Various nanoscale delivery systems have been developed for improving its bioavailability.This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nanoscale delivery systems on improving lutein bioavailability in rodent models.Using ebscohost and pub med, a total of eleven peer-reviewed articles published from 2000 to 2020 were identified.Plasma lutein concentration, pharmacokinetic parameters, including maximum concentration (cmax), area under curve (auc), and time to reach the maximum concentration (tmax), and lutein accumulation in organs were extracted to evaluate the bioavailability of lutein using nanoscale delivery methods as compared with unencapsulated or raw lutein.Various nanoscale delivery systems, including polymer nanoparticles, emulsions, and lutein nanoparticles, significantly improved the bioavailability of lutein, as evidenced by increased plasma lutein concentrations, cmax, or auc.Additionally, five out of seven studies observed enhanced accumulation of lutein in the liver and the eyes.Polymer nanoparticles and emulsions improve the dispersibility and stability of lutein, thus lutein might be more accessible in the small intestine.Lutein nanoparticles shortened the tmax.Further studies are warranted to evaluate the effectiveness of nanoscale delivery systems on improving the functionalities of lutein.

Journal: Critical reviews in food science and nutrition (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Systematic Review
Electron-Rich Diruthenium Complexes with π-Extended Alkenyl Ligands and Their F4TCNQ Charge-Transfer Salts.

The synthesis of dinuclear ruthenium alkenyl complexes with {ru(co)(pi pr3)2(l)} entities (l=cl-in complexes ru2-3 and ru2-7; l=acetylacetonate (acac-) in complexes ru2-4 and ru2-8) and with π-conjugated 2,7-divinylphenanthrenediyl (ru2-3, ru2-4) or 5,8-divinylquinoxalinediyl (ru2-7, ru2-8) as bridging ligands are reported.The bridging ligands are laterally π-extended by anellating a pyrene (ru2-7, ru2-8) or a 6,7-benzoquinoxaline (ru2-3, ru2-4) π-perimeter.This was done with the hope that the open π-faces of the electron-rich complexes will foster association with planar electron acceptors via π-stacking.The dinuclear complexes were subjected to cyclic and square-wave voltammetry and were characterized in all accessible redox states by ir, uv/vis/nir and, where applicable, by epr spectroscopy.These studies signified the one-electron oxidized forms of divinylphenylene-bridged complexes ru2-7, ru2-8 as intrinsically delocalized mixed-valent species, and those of complexes ru2-3 and ru2-4 with the longer divinylphenanthrenediyl linker as partially localized on the ir, yet delocalized on the epr timescale.The more electron-rich acac-congeners formed non-conductive 1 : 1 charge-transfer (ct) salts on treatment with the f4tcnq electron acceptor.All spectroscopic techniques confirmed the presence of pairs of complex radical cations and f4tcnq.-radical anions in these ct salts, but produced no firm evidence for the relevance of π-stacking to their formation and properties.

Journal: Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Ventricular Synchrony in Para-Hisian Cardiac Pacing as an Alternative for Physiological Cardiac Activation (Indirect Recruitment of the His Bundle?).

Artificial cardiac pacing by direct or indirect his bundle capture results in synchronous ventricular contraction (physiological pacing).Objectives to compare cardiac synchronization, technical characteristics, and electronic parameters between two techniques of indirect his-bundle pacing: non-selective (ns-hbp) vs para-hisian pacing (php).Methods the experimental intervention (between november 2019 and april 2020) consisted of implanting a ddd pacemaker in patients who had left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef) > 35%.The resulting cardiac synchronization was compared using an electrocardiographic algorithm that analyzed qrs variation and the technical characteristics of non-selective hisian pacing (ddd-his) and para-hisian pacing (ddd-var).Results of 51 total patients (men: 28), 66.7% (34) were allocated to the ddd-var group and 33.3% (17) to the ddd-his group.The mean ages in each group were 74 and 79 years, respectively.In the ddd-var group, qrs variation (ventricular synchrony) improved after implantation (p < 0.001).In post-implantation ecg, 91.2% of the ddd-var group presented a physiological pacing pattern, which was similar to the ddd-his group (88.2%; p = 0.999).The paced qrs axis was also similar (physiological) for both groups.Intraoperative fluoroscopy time (xray) during implantation was lower for the para-hisian technique (median 7 min in the ddd-var group vs 21 min in the ddd-his group, p < 0.001).The mean qrs duration increased in the ddd-var group (114.7 ms pre-implantation vs 128.2 ms post-implantation, p = 0.044).The mean post-implantation r-wave amplitude was 11.2 m v in the ddd-var group vs 6.0 m v in the ddd-his group, p = 0.001.Conclusion para-hisian pacing appears to indirectly recruit the his bundle, which would make this an effective and comparable strategy for physiological pacing, resulting in synchronous ventricular contraction similar to that of non-selective hisian pacing.

Journal: Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Epidural empyema following nBCA embolization of the middle meningeal artery for the treatment of a chronic subdural hematoma.

Chronic subdural hematomas (csdhs) are a common neurosurgical disease for which middle meningeal artery (mma) embolization is emerging as an attractive and efficacious endovascular treatment modality.We present the first known case of a streptococcus intermediusepidural abscess that resulted following mma embolization for a left-sided csdh that required evacuation and washout through a craniotomy.Intracranial infections can be a potentially devastating complication from mma embolization in this patient population.

Journal: British journal of neurosurgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A Stereoselective Glycosylation Approach to the Construction of 1,2-trans-β-d-Glycosidic Linkages and Convergent Synthesis of Saponins.

Conventional syntheses of 1,2-trans-β-d- or α-l-glycosidic linkages rely mainly on neighboring group participation in the glycosylation reactions.The requirement for a neighboring participation group (npg) excludes direct glycosylation with (1→2)-linked glycan donors, thus only allowing stepwise assembly of glycans and glycoconjugates containing this type of common motif.Here, a robust glycosylation protocol for the synthesis of 1,2-trans-β-d- or α-l-glycosidic linkages without resorting to npg is disclosed; it employs an optimal combination of glycosyl n-phenyltrifluroacetimidates as donors, fe cl3as promoter, and ch2cl2/nitrile as solvent.A broad substrate scope has been demonstrated by glycosylations with 12 (1→2)-linked di- and trisaccharide donors and 13 alcoholic acceptors including eight complex triterpene derivatives.Most of the glycosylation reactions are high yielding and exclusively 1,2-trans selective.Ten representative, naturally occurring triterpene saponins were thus synthesized in a convergent manner after deprotection of the coupled glycosides.Intensive mechanistic studies indicated that this glycosylation proceeds by sn2-type substitution of the glycosyl α-nitrilium intermediates.Importantly, fe cl3dissociates and coordinates with nitrile into [fe(rcn)n cl2]+and [fe cl4]-, and the ferric cationic species coordinates with the alcoholic acceptor to provide a protic species that activates the imidate, meanwhile the poor nucleophilicity of [fe cl4]-ensures an uninterruptive role for the glycosidation.

Journal: Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Plasma proteomics reveals crosstalk between lipid metabolism and immunity in dairy cows receiving essential fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid.

Essential fatty acids (efa) and conjugated linoleic acids (cla) are unsaturated fatty acids with immune-modulatory effects, yet their synergistic effect is poorly understood in dairy cows.This study aimed at identifying differentially abundant proteins (dap) and their associated pathways in dairy cows supplied with a combination of efa and cla during the transition from antepartum (ap) to early postpartum (pp).Sixteen holstein cows were abomasally infused with coconut oil as a control (ctrl) or a mixture of efa (linseed + safflower oil) and cla (lutalin, basf) (efa + cla) from - 63 to + 63 days relative to parturition.Label-free quantitative proteomics was performed on plasma samples collected at days - 21, + 1, + 28, and + 63.During the transition time, dap, consisting of a cluster of apolipoproteins (apo), including apoe, apoh, and apob, along with a cluster of immune-related proteins, were related to complement and coagulation cascades, inflammatory response, and cholesterol metabolism.In response to efa + cla, specific apo comprising apoc3, apoa1, apoa4, and apoc4 were increased in a time-dependent manner; they were linked to triglyceride-enriched lipoprotein metabolisms and immune function.Altogether, these results provide new insights into metabolic and immune adaptation and crosstalk between them in transition dairy cows divergent in efa + cla status.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Real-world Biapenem vs. Meropenem in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia in children: A propensity score matching analysis.

To compare the real-world efficacy and safety of biapenem and meropenem for treating severe community-acquired pneumonia (scap) in children.Methods we retrospectively evaluated 915 children with scap who were treated with biapenem or meropenem from august 2018 to june 2022.A 1:1 propensity score matching (psm) analysis was used to reduce the actual baseline difference between groups.Results 416 patients participated in the analysis after psm (biapenem: meropenem = 1:1).For the biapenem group and meropenem group, the effective rates were 90.4% and 90.9%, respectively (p= 1.0) and the incidence of adverse reactions were 7.7% and 7.2%, respectively (p= 1.0).There were no statistical differences between biapenem and meropenem.Conclusion in general, the efficacy and safety of biapenem are comparable to meropenem in the treatment of children with scap.

Journal: Frontiers in pediatrics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Plasma Amyloid and in vivo Brain Amyloid in Late Middle-Aged Hispanics.

Determining amyloid positivity is possible with cerebrospinal fluid and brain imaging of amyloid, but these methods are invasive and expensive.Objective to relate plasma amyloid-β (aβ), measured using single-molecule array (simoatrademark) assays, to in vivo brain aβ, measured using positron emission tomography (pet), examine the accuracy of plasma aβ to predict brain aβ positivity, and the relation of apoe ɛ4 with plasma aβ.Methods we performed a cross-sectional analysis in a cohort of 345 late middle-aged hispanic men and women (age 64 years, 72% women).Our primary plasma variable was aβ42/aβ40 ratio measured with simoa.Brain aβ burden was measured as global suvr with 18f-florbetaben pet examined continuously and categorically.Results plasma aβ42/aβ40 ratio was inversely associated with global aβ suvr (β= -0.13, 95% confidence interval (ci): -0.23, -0.03; p = 0.013) and aβ positivity (odds ratio: 0.59, 95% ci: 0.38, 0.91; p = 0.016), independent of demographics and apoe ɛ4.Roc curves (auc = 0.73, 95% ci: 0.64, 0.82; p < 0.0001) showed that the optimal threshold for plasma aβ42/aβ40 ratio in relation to brain aβ positivity was 0.060 with a sensitivity of 82.4% and specificity of 62.8%.Apoe ɛ4 carriers had lower aβ42/aβ40 ratio and a higher aβ positivity determined with the aβ42/aβ40 ratio threshold of 0.060.Conclusion plasma aβ42/aβ40 ratio assayed using simoa is weakly correlated with in vivo brain amyloid and has limited accuracy in screening for amyloid positivity and for studying risk factors of brain amyloid burden when in vivo imaging is not feasible.

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Protocol to detect nucleotide-protein interaction in vitro using a non-radioactive competitive electrophoretic mobility shift assay.

Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (emsa) is a classical and popular approach for dna/rna protein-binding affinity detection in vitro.This protocol describes a competitive emsa assay using digoxigenin (dig)-labeled probe, which solves the safety issues and limitations attributed to the short lifespan of the32p-radiolabeled dna probe.We detail steps for dna probe preparation, protein-dna mixture coincubation, emsa, and competitive emsa process.We optimize the standard dig-dd utp-labeling emsa protocol to high sensitivity with reproducible results.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to feng et al.(2022).

Journal: STAR protocols (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
An unexpected synergistic toxicity caused by competitive bioconcentration of perfluoroalkyl acid mixtures to Daphnia magna: Further promoted by elevated temperature.

The mixed pollution of the global water environment by perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) and their ecological risks have aroused widespread concern.However, the relationship between the combined toxicity of pfaa mixtures and their accumulation in aquatic organisms is not well understood in the context of global warming.Here, we study the bioconcentration and combined toxicity of three pfaa mixtures (pfoa, pfda, pfdo a) to daphnia magna (d.Magna) under different exposure concentrations and temperatures.The results show that although competitive bioconcentration exists, the combined toxicity of the pfaa mixtures to d.Magna is synergistic.These contradictory phenomena occur because although the longer-chain pfdo a inhibits the bioconcentration of the shorter-chain pfoa and pfda, the bioconcentration of pfdo a itself is promoted, and pfdo a is more toxic to d.Magna than pfoa and pfda.The toxic equivalent concentration for the pfaa mixture is 1.38-1.67 times higher than that obtained from simple addition for the three pfaas when exposed separately.Moreover, elevated temperature promotes not only the bioconcentration of each pfaa and the competition of bioconcentration between shorter-chain and longer-chain paff, but also the synergistic toxicity of pfaa mixtures to d.Magna.This study suggests that the effect of the interactions among different pfaas on their bioconcentration and toxicity under different water environmental conditions, such as temperature, should be considered for ecological risk assessment of pfaa mixtures.

Journal: Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Meta-Analysis: A Convenient Tool for the Choice of Nose-to-Brain Nanocarriers.

S the intranasal route represents a high promising route of administration aiming for brain delivery.Yet, it represents one of the most difficult and complicated routes.Accordingly, scientists are in a continuous search for novel drug delivery vehicles such as the lipid and polymeric nanoparticles that are apt to enhance the bioavailability of the administered drugs to reach the brain.In this study, a certain number of publications were selected from different databases and literature.Meta-analysis studies using two different algorithms (der simonian-laird and inverse variance) followed aiming to explore the published studies and confirm by evidence the superiority of nanocarriers in enhancing the brain bioavailability of various drugs.Furthermore, the quantitative comparison of lipid versus polymeric nanosystems was performed.Methods the area under the curve (auc) as an important pharmacokinetic parameter extracted from in vivo animal studies was designated as the "effect" in the performed meta-analysis after normalization.Forest plots were generated.Key findings and conclusions the meta-analysis confirmed the augmentation of the auc after the comparison with traditional preparations such as solutions and suspensions.Most importantly, lipid nanoparticles were proven to be significantly superior to the polymeric counterparts.

Journal: Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A rare bifurcation of the external iliac artery into femoral and deep femoral arteries.

The current cadaveric report describes a quite rare unilateral bifurcation of the external iliac artery (eia) into two femoral arteries (fas) of almost equal diameter and parallel course, at the level of the inguinal ligament (il).Methods the variant fas were identified on a 75-year-old formalin-embalmed female cadaver, derived from a body donation program after a signed informed consent.Results the eia bifurcated into a fa and a deep femoral artery (dfa).The dfa extremely high origin was identified at the il level.Both lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries originated from the dfa.Conclusion the in-depth knowledge of the fa variant origin is of paramount importance to vascular surgeons and interventional radiologists during vessel catheterization and attempts to interpret the angiographic findings.In particular, the dfa's high origin from the eia and the coexistence of two fas in a parallel course may pose problems to clinicians during angiographic procedures leading to diagnostic errors.The dfa high origin may also complicate femoral arterial and venous puncture and femoral nerve blocks, due to the close neurovascular relationship.There is a possibility for the fa to be mistaken for a vein leading to accidental intra-arterial injection and consequently thrombosis.Thus, variable arterial pattern is important to be identified preoperatively using doppler ultrasound imaging.

Journal: Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Review on Metal-Organic Framework Classification, Synthetic Approaches, and Influencing Factors: Applications in Energy, Drug Delivery, and Wastewater Treatment.

Metal ions or clusters that have been bonded with organic linkers to create one- or more-dimensional structures are referred to as metal-organic frameworks (mofs).Reticular synthesis also forms mofs with properly designated components that can result in crystals with high porosities and great chemical and thermal stability.Due to the wider surface area, huge pore size, crystalline nature, and tunability, numerous mofs have been shown to be potential candidates in various fields like gas storage and delivery, energy storage, catalysis, and chemical/biosensing.This study provides a quick overview of the current mof synthesis techniques in order to familiarize newcomers in the chemical sciences field with the fast-growing mof research.Beginning with the classification and nomenclature of mofs, synthesis approaches of mofs have been demonstrated.We also emphasize the potential applications of mofs in numerous fields such as gas storage, drug delivery, rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, and separation membranes.Lastly, the future scope is discussed along with prospective opportunities for the synthesis and application of nano-mofs, which will help promote their uses in multidisciplinary research.

Journal: ACS omega (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Enterovirus Sequence Data Obtained from Primate Samples in Central Africa Suggest a High Prevalence of Enteroviruses.

Enteroviruses infect humans and animals and can cause disease, and some may be transmitted across species barriers.We tested central african wildlife and found enterovirus rna in primates (17) and rodents (2).Some sequences were very similar, while others were dissimilar to known species, highlighting the underexplored enterovirus diversity in wildlife.

Journal: Microbiology resource announcements (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
CAD v1.0: Cancer Antigens Database Platform for Cancer Antigen Algorithm Development and Information Exploration.

Cancer vaccines have gradually attracted attention for their tremendous preclinical and clinical performance.With the development of next-generation sequencing technologies and related algorithms, pipelines based on sequencing and machine learning methods have become mainstream in cancer antigen prediction; of particular focus are neoantigens, mutation peptides that only exist in tumor cells that lack central tolerance and have fewer side effects.The rapid prediction and filtering of neoantigen peptides are crucial to the development of neoantigen-based cancer vaccines.However, due to the lack of verified neoantigen datasets and insufficient research on the properties of neoantigens, neoantigen prediction algorithms still need to be improved.Here, we recruited verified cancer antigen peptides and collected as much relevant peptide information as possible.Then, we discussed the role of each dataset for algorithm improvement in cancer antigen research, especially neoantigen prediction.A platform, cancer antigens database (cad, was designed to facilitate users to perform a complete exploration of cancer antigens online.

Journal: Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Management of Nonmalignant Tracheo- and Bronchoesophageal Fistula after Esophagectomy.

Tracheo- or bronchoesophageal fistula (tbf) occurring after esophagectomy represent a rare but devastating complication.Management remains challenging and controversial.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of different treatment approaches and to propose recommendations for the management of tbf.Methods from 2008 to 2018, 15 patients were treated because of tbf and were analyzed with respect to fistula appearance, treatment strategy (stenting, endoscopic vacuum therapy and/or surgical reintervention) and outcome.Results in each case, the fistula was small, located close to the tracheal bifurcation and associated simultaneously (n= 6, 40%) or metachronously (n= 9, 60%) with an anastomotic leakage.Latter was covered by esophageal stents in six patients which in turn resulted in occurrence of tbf at a later time in five patients.Management of tbf included conservative therapy (n= 3), stenting (n= 6), or suturing (n= 6).Ten patients underwent rethoracotomy.Treatment failure was observed in eight patients (53%).In all patients, treatment was accompanied by progressive sepsis.On the contrary, all seven patients with successful defect closure remained in good general condition.Conclusion fistula appearance was similar in all patients.Implementation of esophageal stents cannot be recommended because of possibility of tbf at a later time point.Surgery is usually required and should preferably be performed when the patient's condition has been optimized at a single-stage repair.Esophageal diversion can only be recommended in patients with persisting mediastinitis.The key element for successful treatment of tbf, however, is control over sepsis; otherwise, outcome of tbf is devastating.

Journal: The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon (2021)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article