syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Maternal Methyl-Enriched Diet Increases Dopaminergic Tone of the Mesolimbic Brain System in Adult Offspring of WAG/Rij Rats.

The aim of this study is to find out whether maternal methyl-enriched diet affects the content of monoamines and their metabolites in brain structures of adult wag/rij offspring.It has been shown for the first time that maternal methyl-enriched diet (choline, betaine, folic acid, vitamin b12, l-methionine, zink) during the perinatal period increases dopaminergic tone of the mesolimbic brain system in adult offspring of wag/rij rats, which is accompanied by the suppression of the symptoms of genetic absence epilepsy and comorbid depression.Results suggest that maternal methyl-enriched diet during the perinatal period may be served as a new therapeutic strategy to prevent the development of a hypofunction of the mesolimbic dopaminergic brain system and associated genetic absence epilepsy and comorbid depression in offspring.

Journal: Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Building a Community Based Mental Health Program for Adolescents in Botswana: Stakeholder Feedback.

When planning interventions for adolescents, adult interventions should not be used 'as is' in youth settings.Stakeholder engagement can help understand the overall adolescent mental health ecosystem and adapt existing evidence-based interventions for the youth.Objective to understand the overall mental health needs of adolescents in botswana and the necessary adaptations required for an adolescent lay counselor based intervention in the country.Methods we used the theory of change model and the nominal group technique in five stakeholder meetings.Meetings were held to discuss the mental health needs of youth in botswana and identify priorities for a lay counsellor based intervention modelled after the friendship bench intervention, an existing mental health intervention for adults.Results the root causes of mental health problems among botswana's youth identified by stakeholders included limited mental health knowledge among the youth and the community, family problems, poor communication, low self-esteem, the rapid growth of technology, and biological/genetic predisposition.Structurally barriers included: mental illness-related stigma, lack of psychosocial support, incomplete follow up for health services, cultural beliefs about mental illness, and fragmented mental health services.The stakeholders envisage a program that could empower adolescents and youth counselors to address mental health concerns for a healthier community.The group identified and prioritized several key elements of an effective lay counselor intervention.Conclusions a diverse group of community stakeholders can illustrate critical mental health needs and elements that countries could use to adapt and contextualize a lay counsellor based mental health intervention for new populations such as the youth.

Journal: Community mental health journal (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Comparative Analysis of Proanthocyanidin Metabolism and Genes Regulatory Network in Fresh Leaves of Two Different Ecotypes ofTetrastigma hemsleyanum.

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum diels et gilg is a rare and wild medicinal resource.Metabolites, especially secondary metabolites, have an important influence on t.Hemsleyanumadaptability and its medicinal quality.The metabolite proanthocyanidin (pa) is a polyphenol compound widely distributed in land plants, which can be used as antioxidants and anticancer agents.Here, we discovered that three types of pa accumulated in large amounts in purple leaves (pl), but not in green leaves (rg), based on widely non-targeted metabolomics.In addition, we further found that catechins and their derivatives, which are the structural units of pa, are also enriched in pl.Afterwards, we screened and obtained five key genes,dnr1/2,ans,anrand larclosely related to pa biosynthesis through transcriptome analysis and found they were all highly expressed in pl compared to rg.Therefore, observed the regulatory relationship between the main compounds and genes network, and the pa metabolism regulatory pathway was complicated, which may be different to other species.

Journal: Plants (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
High-Amylose Corn Starch Regulated Gut Microbiota and Serum Bile Acids in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

High-amylose corn starch is well known for its anti-obesity activity, which is mainly based on the regulatory effects on gut microbiota.Recently, the gut microbiota has been reported to improve metabolic health by altering circulating bile acids.Therefore, in this study, the influence of high-amylose corn starch (hacs) on intestinal microbiota composition and serum bile acids was explored in mice fed with a high fat diet (hfd).The results demonstrated hacs treatment reduced hfd-induced body weight gain, hepatic lipid accumulation, and adipocyte hypertrophy as well as improved blood lipid profiles.Moreover, hacs also greatly impacted the gut microbiota with increased firmicutesand decreased bacteroidetesrelative abundance being observed.Furthermore, compared to nd-fed mice, the mice with hfd feeding exhibited more obvious changes in serum bile acids profiles than the hfd-fed mice with the hacs intervention, showing hacs might restore hfd-induced alterations to bile acid composition in blood.In summary, our results suggested that the underlying mechanisms of anti-obesity activity of hacs may involve its regulatory effects on gut microbiota and circulating bile acids.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Decentralized Investigation of Bacterial Outbreaks Based on Hashed cgMLST.

Whole-genome sequencing (wgs)-based outbreak investigation has proven to be a valuable method for the surveillance of bacterial pathogens.Its utility has been successfully demonstrated using both gene-by-gene (cg mlst or wg mlst) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp)-based approaches.Among the obstacles of implementing a wgs-based routine surveillance is the need for an exchange of large volumes of sequencing data, as well as a widespread reluctance to share sequence and metadata in public repositories, together with a lacking standardization of suitable bioinformatic tools and workflows.To address these issues, we presentchewie snake, an intuitive and simple-to-use cg mlst workflow.chewie snakebuilds on the allele calling software chew bbaca and extends it by the concept of allele hashing.The resulting hashed allele profiles can be readily compared between laboratories without the need of a central allele nomenclature.The workflow fully automates the computation of the allele distance matrix, cluster membership, and phylogeny and summarizes all important findings in an interactive html report.Furthermore,chewie snakecan join allele profiles generated at different laboratories and identify shared clusters, including a stable and intercommunicable cluster nomenclature, thus facilitating a joint outbreak investigation.We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach with a thorough method comparison using publically available sequencing data for salmonella enterica.However,chewie snakeis readily applicable to all bacterial taxa, provided that a suitable cg mlst scheme is available.The workflow is freely available as an open-source tool and can be easily installed via conda or docker.

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Prognostic Value of Inflammatory and Tumour Markers in Small-Duct Subtype Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma after Curative-Intent Resection.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (icc) is characterised by heterogeneity, and it can be subdivided into small-duct and large-duct types.Inflammatory and tumour markers could effectively predict prognosis in many cancers, but no similar studies have been conducted in the histological subtypes of icc.A total of 102 and 72 patients with icc undergoing curative-intent resection were retrospectively subclassified into large-duct and small-duct types by chemical staining, respectively.The prognostic value of inflammatory and tumour markers was studied for the first time in histological subtypes of icc by using a cox regression model.A novel predictor named prognostic inflammatory index (pii) was proposed and defined as neutrophil × monocyte/lymphocyte count (109/l).Survival analysis showed that pii, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (nlr), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (lmr), carcinoembryonic antigen (cea), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (ca19-9), ca242, and ferritin were all predictors of dfs and os in patients with icc (p< 0.040).Subgroup analysis showed that pii, ca19-9, and ferritin were risk predictors of disease-free survival (dfs) and overall survival (os) in small-duct type icc (p< 0.015).In addition, in small-duct type icc, nlr and lmr were correlated with os (p< 0.025), whilst cea and ca242 were correlated with dfs (p≤ 0.010).In conclusion, pii is a convenient and efficient inflammatory predictor of dfs and os in iccs and their small-duct type.Nlr and lmr, rather than platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, were correlated with os in small-duct type icc.In addition, ferritin may be a supplement to ca19-9 in stratifying the survival outcome of patients with small-duct type icc.

Journal: Gastroenterology research and practice (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Multiple platelet-rich plasma injections are superior to single PRP injections or saline in osteoarthritis of the knee: the 2-year results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Introduction the primary purposes of this study were to prove the efficacy of prp injection therapy on knee pain and functions by comparing patients with mild to moderate oa with a placebo control group, and also to understand the effectiveness of multiple doses compared to a single dose.It was hypothesized that prp would lead to more favorable results than the placebo at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment.Materials and methods 237 patients diagnosed with oa were randomly separated into 4 groups, who were administered the following: single dose of prp (n: 62), single dose of sodium saline (ns) (n: 59), three doses of prp (n: 63), and three doses of ns (n: 53).Clinical evaluations were made pre-treatment and at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months post-treatment, using the knee injury and osteoarthritis result score (koos), kujala patellofemoral score, knee joint range of motion (rom), measurements of knee circumference (kc), and mechanical axis angle (maa) and a visual analog scale (vas) for the evaluation of pain.Results the better score values in the groups were recorded at 3 and 6 months.Patients treated with prp maintained better scores at 3, 6 and 12 months compared to the ns groups (p < 0.05).Multiple doses of prp were seen to be more effective than single-dose prp at 6 and 12 months (p < 0.05).At the end of 24 months, there was no significant score difference across all the groups.The most positive change in scores was found in stage 2 oa, and the most positive change in rom was in stage 3 oa patients.In the prp groups, kc decreased more at 1 and 6 months (p < 0.05).Compared to other age groups, patients aged 51-65 years scored better at 6 months (p < 0.05).A negative correlation was determined with maa scores (r = - 0.508, p < 0.001).Conclusion in comparison to the placebo (ns), leukocyte-rich prp treatment was determined to be effective in the treatment of oa.Multiple doses of prp increase the treatment efficacy and duration.Of all the patients treated with prp, the best results were obtained by patients aged 51-65 years, with lower maa, and by k/l stage 2 oa patients.Study design randomized controlled trial; level of evidence, 1.Registration nct04454164 (clinical trials.gov identifier).

Journal: Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Objective assessment of tapering of the fingers in adults.

Mild proximal-to-distal tapering of the fingers is a relatively common trait in humans.When more extreme, finger tapering is a feature observed in many genetic syndromes.The range of variation for finger tapering in the general population is not well understood, and sex differences in the degree of tapering, while suspected, have not been documented.Part of the difficulty is a lack of objective methods to evaluate finger tapering.In the present report, we developed a tapering index based on linear measures derived from digital hand scans.We measured this index in a sample of 166 male and 166 age-matched female adults.We then looked at correlations both among fingers and with demographic and anthropometric variables, followed by tests for sex differences.We observed weak correlations between tapering and age, height and weight.Correlations between pairs of fingers tended to be more in the moderate range and were highest among the middle three fingers (ranging from 0.34 to 0.64).Tapering tended to increase slightly moving radially across the hand from the fifth finger to the second finger.Males showed less tapering than females for all fingers, with statistically significant differences involving the left second finger (p = 0.003), left fifth finger (p< 0.001), right second finger (p = 0.038), and right fourth finger (p = 0.021).Finally, we established baseline norms for both males and females out to three standard deviations.Our results indicate that finger tapering is present, to some degree, in most of the population and that the trait can be measured using a relatively simple and non-invasive method.These findings may have relevance for fields as diverse as medical genetics, forensics, and industrial design.

Journal: PloS one (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Differential mortality with COVID-19 and invasive mechanical ventilation between high-income and low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.

The covid-19 pandemic has markedly affected the health care of patients in low- and middle-income countries (lmics), but no systematic study to corroborate this effect has been undertaken.In addition, the survival outcomes of patients with covid-19 who received invasive mechanical ventilation (imv) have not been well established.We pooled evidence from all available studies and did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess and compare mortality outcomes between lmics and high-income countries (hics).We searched medline and the university of michigan library according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (prisma) guidelines from december 1, 2019, to july 15, 2021, for case-control studies, cohort studies, and brief reports that discussed mortality ratios and survival outcomes among patients with sars-co v-2 who received imv.We excluded studies and case reports without comparison groups, narrative reviews, and preprints.A random-effects estimate of the arcsine square root transformation (pas) of each outcome was generated with the der simonian-laird method.Seven eligible studies, consisting of 243,835 patients with covid-19, were included.We identified a significantly higher mortality rate (i.e., a larger pas) among the patients receiving imv in lmics (pas, 0.754; 95% ci, 0.569-0.900;p<.001) compared to patients in hics (pas, 0.588; 95% ci, 0.263-0.876;p<.001).Considerable heterogeneity was present within the individual subgroups possibly because of the extent of the included studies, which had data from specific countries and states but not from individual hospitals or health care centers.Moreover, the sample population in each study was diverse.Meta-regression showed that a higher mortality rate among patients with covid-19 who received imv in both hics (p<.001) and lmics (p=.04) was associated with chronic pulmonary disease.Our study suggests that chronic pulmonary diseases and poor demographics lead to a worse prognosis among patients with covid-19 who received imv.Moreover, the survival outcome is worse in lmics, where health care systems are usually understaffed and poorly financed.

Journal: Le infezioni in medicina (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Effects of electrical stimulation on human skin keratinocyte growth and the secretion of cytokines and growth factors.

Electrical stimulation (es) has been widely explored and found effective in promoting wound healing.However, the role of es on keratinocytes, a major player in wound healing, has not been well established.The present work investigated the cellular and molecular behaviors of human skin keratinocytes being exposed to es.Ha ca t keratinocytes were seeded on a novel electrically conductive and soft ppy-pu/plla membrane and cultured under electrical intensities of 100 or 200 m v mm-1for 6 and 24 h.The factors assessed after es include cell proliferation, colony formation, cytokines, keratins, as well as phosphorylated erk1/2 (p erk1/2) kinases.The results showed that the electrically stimulated cells exhibited a higher proliferative ability and secreted more il-6, il-1α, il-8, groα, fgf2, and vegf-a.Interestingly, the 24 h es induced a 'stimulus memory' by showing a significant rise in colony-forming efficiency in post-es cells that were sub-cultured.Additionally, after stopping the 24 h es, the productions of keratin 5 and keratin 14 were continuously increased for 3 d.The productions of keratin 10 and keratin 13 were significantly increased post the 6 h es.Finally, the es increased p erk1/2 kinases.The overall results demonstrated that the proliferation of keratinocytes and their secretion of cytokines and growth factors can be activated through appropriate es to benefit skin wound healing.

Journal: Biomedical materials (Bristol, England) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The Impact of Circular Exercise Diameter on Bone and Joint Health of Juvenile Animals.

Circular exercise is used in many equestrian disciplines and this study aimed to determine if circle diameter impacts juvenile animal forelimb bone and joint health.On day 0, 24 calves at 9 weeks of age were assigned the following exercise treatments: small circle (12 m clockwise), large circle (18-m clockwise), treadmill, or non-exercised control.Exercise was initiated at 1.1−1.5 m/s for 5 min/d and increased 5 min weekly until reaching 30 min/d.On day 49, synovial fluid was collected from multiple joints, cartilage was collected from the proximal surface of fused third and fourth metacarpi (mc iii and iv), and forelimbs underwent computed tomography scans.A statistical analysis (proc mixed) was performed in sas 9.4.The inside leg of the small circle treatment had a larger mc iii and iv dorsopalmar external diameter than the outside (p = 0.05).The medial proximal phalanx had a greater mediolateral diameter than the lateral proximal phalanx of the small circle treatment (p = 0.01).Fetlock nitric oxide was greater in the large circle and treadmill treatments (p < 0.0001).Cartilage glycosaminoglycan concentration was greater in the outside leg of the small circle exercise treatment than the inside leg (p = 0.03).Even at slow speeds, circular exercise diameter can impact joint and bone health, but faster speeds may have greater alterations.

Journal: Animals : an open access journal from MDPI (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Confronting the culture of care: a call to end disrespect, discrimination, and detainment of women and newborns in health facilities everywhere.

Quality and respect are increasingly recognized as critical aspects of the provision of health care, and poor quality may be an essential driver of low health care utilization, especially for maternal and neonatal care.Beyond differential access to care, unequal levels of quality exacerbate inequity, and those who need services most, including displaced, migrant, and conflict-affected populations, may be receiving poorer quality care, or may be deterred from seeking care at all.examples from around the world show that mothers and their children are often judged and mistreated for presenting to facilities without clean or "modern" clothing, without soap or clean sheets to use in the hospital, or without gifts like sweets or candies for providers.Underfunded facilities may rely on income from those seeking care, but denying and shaming the poor further discriminates against vulnerable women and newborns, by placing additional financial burden on those already marginalized.the culture of care needs to shift to create welcoming environments for all care-seekers, regardless of socio-economic status.No one should fear mistreatment, denial of services, or detainment due to lack of gifts or payments.There is an urgent need to ensure that health care centers are safe, friendly, respectful, and hospitable spaces for women, their newborns, and their families.

Journal: BMC pregnancy and childbirth (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Urologic Complication after Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in Gynecology Oncology: A Single-Center Analysis and Narrative Review of the Literature.

And objectives:minimally invasive surgery (mis) has recently increased its application in the treatment of gynecological malignancies.Despite technological and surgical advances, urologic complications (uc) are still the main concern in gynecology surgery.Current literature reports a wide range of urinary tract injuries, and consistent scientific evidence is still lacking or dated.This study aims to report a large single-center experience of urinary complications during laparoscopic hysterectomy for gynecologic oncologic disease.materials and methods:all patients who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy for gynecologic malignancy at the department of medicine and surgery of the university hospital of parma from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively included.Women with endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine sarcoma, or borderline ovarian tumors were included.Patients undergoing robotic surgery with incomplete anatomopathological data or patients lost during follow-up were excluded from the analysis.Intraoperative and postoperative uc were analyzed and ranked according to the clavien-dindo classification.results:two hundred-sixty patients were included in the study: 180 endometrial cancer, 18 cervical cancer, nine ovarian cancer, two uterine sarcomas, and 60 borderline ovarian tumors.Nine (3.5%) ucs were reported (five intraoperative and four postoperative complications).No anamnestic variables showed a statistical correlation with the surgical complication in the univariable analyses.C1 radical hysterectomy, a higher figo stage, and postoperative adjuvant treatment (p-value = 0.001,p-value = 0.046, andp-value = 0.046, respectively) were independent risk factors associated with the occurrence of uc.conclusions:the urological complication rates in patients with oncological disease are relatively rare events in the expert hands of dedicated surgeons.Radical hysterectomy, figo stage, and adjuvant treatment are independent factors associated with urinary complications.

Journal: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) (2022)
Publication types: Review;Journal Article