syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and outcomes associated with acute kidney injury following extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection: a retrospective observational study.

Total cavopulmonary connection (tcpc) is an important operation for the treatment of complex congenital heart disease.Epidemiology and outcomes for pediatric patients with acute kidney injury (aki) following extracardiac tcpc have not been well documented.This study investigates the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of aki in children after extracardiac tcpc surgery.Methods we retrospectively evaluated patients (age at surgery <18 years) who underwent extracardiac tcpc surgery between january 2008 and january 2020 in the pediatric cardiac surgical center of fuwai hospital, beijing, china.Aki was defined according to the pediatric-modified risk, injury, failure, loss of function, and end-stage renal disease criteria.Results a total of 377 pediatric patients were included in this study; 123 patients (32.6%) had some degree of aki.Among the patients with aki, 101 (82.1%) were diagnosed with aki-risk (aki-r), while 22 (17.9%) were diagnosed with acute kidney injury/failure (aki/f) (16 with aki, and 6 with akf).Preoperative estimated creatinine clearance (or: 1.039, 95% ci: 1.024-1.055, p<0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (or: 1.208, 95% ci: 1.128-1.294, p<0.001), and renal perfusion pressure (or: 0.962, 95% ci: 0.938-0.986, p=0.002) on postoperative day (pod) 0 were significantly associated with aki after tcpc.Having previously undergone a bidirectional glenn was significantly associated with the severity of postoperative aki (or: 0.253, 95% ci: 0.088-0.731, p=0.011).Furthermore, aki was associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation time, prolonged intensive care unit stay, and composite adverse outcome.Compared with non-aki patients, the 10-year survival rate of patients with severe aki was significantly lower (95.5%vs.65.9%, p=0.009).Conclusions although the incidence of aki was high in patients undergoing tcpc surgery, most cases were aki-r.Severe aki was significantly associated with early adverse outcomes and poor long-term survival.

Journal: Translational pediatrics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Dengue emergence in the temperate Argentinian province of Santa Fe, 2009-2020.

Dengue virus (denv) transmission occurs primarily in tropical and subtropical climates, but within the last decade it has extended to temperate regions.Santa fe, a temperate province in argentina, has experienced an increase in dengue cases and virus circulation since 2009, with the recent 2020 outbreak being the largest in the province to date.The aim of this work is to describe spatio-temporal fluctuations of dengue cases from 2009 to 2020 in santa fe province.The data presented in this work provide a detailed description of denv transmission for santa fe province by department.These data are useful to assist in investigating drivers of dengue emergence in santa fe province and for developing a better understanding of the drivers and the impacts of ongoing dengue emergence in temperate regions across the world.This work provides data useful for future studies including those investigating socio-ecological, climatic, and environmental factors associated with denv transmission, as well as those investigating other variables related to the biology and the ecology of vector-borne diseases.

Journal: Scientific data (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Comparison of low-level light therapy and combination therapy of 5% minoxidil in the treatment of female pattern hair loss.

This study was conducted in order to compare the safety and efficacy of lllt, 5% minoxidil, and combination therapy in the treatment of fphl.A randomized controlled trial was developed to study the effect of lllt on fphl using a device called i helmet®, which is equipped with 200 5m w laser diode source (650 nm) arrays.Ninety ludwig's types ii-iii fphl patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: lllt group (a), 5% minoxidil group (b), and combination group(c).Hair density, hair diameter, and scalp oil-secretion were detected to evaluate the treatment effect.Significant improvement of hair density and hair diameter was observed in all stages of fphl after treatment.Oil-secretion of the three groups was decreased after treatment.The effectiveness of reducing oil-secretion in lllt group and combination group was higher than minoxidil group (p < 0.05).For improving hair diameter and hair density, combination group was better than lllt and minoxidil groups.No side effects were reported.Our study illustrated that lllt is a safe and effective treatment for fphl.Besides, lllt can significantly improve its efficacy when used in combination with 5% minoxidil.

Journal: Lasers in medical science (2021)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article
Development and Validation of an Intraoperative Nomogram to Predict Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema Based on the Arm Lymphatics Distribution.

Preoperatively determining those patients who are at high risk of encountering breast cancer-related lymphedema (bcrl) is still not well understood.Objective this study aimed to develop a simple intraoperative nomogram for bcrl, incorporating a protective factor.Methods overall, 320 breast cancer patients at zhongnan hospital (training set) and 221 patients at dongfeng general hospital (external validation cohort) treated between november 2017 and december 2018 were included.Prior to axillary lymph node dissection (alnd), 1 m l (2.5 mg) of indocyanine green was administered to the area of the internal bicipital sulcus of the upper limb.The fluorescence image was obtained and the proportion of arm lymph flow above the level of the axillary vein was calculated.Multivariate logistic regression was performed using this proportion together with clinical data.A nomogram was then constructed and assessed for its discrimination and calibration ability and clinical utility in the training and external validation sets.Results the cumulative incidence of bcrl was 18.7% (60/320), with a median follow-up of 29 months (20-34).In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, body mass index, taxane, radiotherapy, and proportion of arm lymph flow above the level of the axillary vein were identified as independent risk factors.In the training and validation cohorts, the calibration curve performed well (p = 0.721 and p = 0.315, respectively), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values were 0.829 (95% confidence interval [ci] 0.773-0.885) and 0.804 (95% ci 0.732-0.877), respectively.Conclusion high-risk patients could be identified intraoperatively with this nomogram, and timely intervention could be performed with preservation of the arm lymphatics.

Journal: Annals of surgical oncology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Restitution Through Equity-Focused Mentoring: A Solution to Diversify the Physician Workforce.

Minoritized and marginalized physicians who identify as black, latino/a/x and native american (blna) remain unacceptably underrepresented in medicine.Multiple studies provide a compelling argument for prioritizing racial/ethnic diversification of the physician workforce to improve racial/ethnic physician-patient concordance and assist in achieving more equitable health outcomes.Despite a growing awareness for the tangible benefits of a diversified physician workforce, the number of physicians from minoritized and marginalized groups remains relatively stagnant or worsening in certain demographics.The 5:1 ratio of black students and trainees to black faculty exemplifies and exacerbates the increased risk for harmful isolation particularly experienced by many blna mentees.They too need and deserve the benefits produced by concordant racial/ethnic faculty mentoring and support.However, these demands on time, resources and bandwidth can lead to negative consequences for blna faculty engaged in these efforts by contributing to their emotional, mental and physical exhaustion.Given the perpetual paucity of blna physicians in academic medicine, immediate interventions to prevent attrition of blna faculty, trainees and students journeying along the physician career pathway are urgently needed.Requiring the implementation of mentoring programs explicitly focused on increasing the number of physicians from groups underrepresented in medicine must happen at every point of the education and training process.

Journal: Frontiers in public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A new cuspidate ptychodontid shark (Chondrichthyes; Elasmobranchii), from the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco with comments on tooth functionalities and replacement patterns.

The first articulated dentition of †ptychodusfrom africa is described herein.The specimen, likely coming from the turonian of the asfla area (goulmima region, southeastern morocco), exhibits a well-preserved lower dental plate of a second-level predator.A new species, †p.Maghrebianussp.Nov., is erected herein based on this durophagous dentition characterised by imbricated cuspidate teeth.We employed for the first time in †ptychodusmultiple quantitative analyses and statistical parametric and non-parametric tests to process biometrical data taken from articulated, associated and isolated teeth.The quantitative approach (morphospace analysis) is exploited herein to support the traditional taxonomic identification (qualitative examination) of †p.Maghrebianussp.Nov.And to separate it from the similar cuspidate species, †p.Mortoni.Morphospace reconstructions confirm a marked lower dental heterodonty (mesio-distal patterns) for both species.The analysis protocol employed here also allows assigning indeterminate teeth as belonging to †p.Mortoni.The reconstruction of the entire lower dental plate of †p.Maghrebianussp.Nov.Shows a cuspidate dentition probably able to reduce tooth damages when crushing thin-shelled prey.Both dental morphologies and tooth wear patterns suggest a peculiar food processing and a diet mainly consisting of bivalves, decapods and small fish for this durophagous predator.Trophic reconstructions of the turonian ichthyofauna inhabiting the middle to outer ramp environment of the asfla area emphasize that †p.Maghrebianussp.Nov.And the batoid †tingitaniusmost likely represented second-level consumers, whereas the sclerorhynchiforms †asflapristisand †ptychotrygonrepresented third-level predators.Top positions within the food web were occupied by larger predaceous elasmobranchs (e.g., †squalicorax).

Journal: Journal of African earth sciences (Oxford, England : 1994) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Stress levels of nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context nursing students experience psychosocial stress in their workplace.Available statistics are at variance, and hence, the need to know the overall prevalence of psychosocial stress among nursing students.Aims this study aimed to determine the prevalence of psychosocial stress among nursing students through meta-analysis.Materials and methods pub med, cochrane, web of science, cnki, and china biomedical literature service system were searched for articles.Search terms include "psychosocial stress," "nursing students." articles were included if they used validated psychosocial stress assessment instruments.Of the 15 articles with data on stress prevalence, 8 met all inclusion criteria.Each article was independently reviewed by the authors and relevant data were abstracted.Statistical analysis was done using revman 4.1.Results overall, the average score for stress among nursing students was 3.70 (95% confidence interval [ci]: [3.33, 4.06]) based on the analyzed 15 articles with a sample size of 9202.Conclusion this study showed that the stress level of intern nursing students was mainly moderate.

Journal: Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Systematic Review
Application of an automatic, uncertainty model-guided, target-generating algorithm to lung stereotactic body radiotherapy.

This work evaluated a new radiotherapy target-generating framework (the αtarget algorithm) for creating internal target volumes for lung sbrt.Methods nineteen patients previously treated with definitive intent sbrt to the lung were identified from a clinical database.For each patient's 4dct simulation scan, deformable image registration was used between phases of the scan in order to generate voxelized models of motion for 35 individual gross tumor volumes.These motion models were then used with a new implementation of a previously described target-generating algorithm to create new internal target volumes (αitvs).The resulting αitvs were analyzed with respect to their volume and the coverage they provided each tumor voxel per that voxel's motion model.The clinically used itvs were similarly analyzed, and were then compared to the αitvs using paired student's t-tests.In addition, isotropic margins were added to the αitvs in order to determine the largest margin magnitude that could be added without exceeding the volume of the clinical itvs.Results the αitvs increased the target coverage provided to each tumor's 5th-percentile-most-covered-voxel an average of 50.3% compared to the clinical itvs (p < 0.0001).At the same time, the αitvs had volumes that were, on average, 31.4% smaller (p < 0.0001).The differences in volume were large enough that, on average, an extra 2 mm isotropic margin could be added to the αitv before it had a volume greater than the clinical itv.Conclusions the αtarget algorithm can generate more effective lung sbrt internal target volumes that provide greater coverage with smaller volumes.In combination with numerous other advantages of the framework, this effectiveness makes the αtarget algorithm a powerful new method for advanced igrt or adaptive radiotherapy techniques.

Journal: Medical physics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Differentiating Chilaiditi's Syndrome with hollow viscus perforation: A case report.

Introduction chilaiditi's syndrome is a rare condition accounting for only 0.25%-0.28% of all abdominal imaging worldwide.To rule out chilaiditi's syndrome from other acute abdominal emergencies is very important to avoid unnecessary treatment or surgical procedure.Presentation of case a 25-year-old female presented in the emergency room with 1 week history of abdominal discomfort.At time of examination, she had a mild shortness of breath that was not related with rigorous activities.A plain abdominal x-ray was suggested the presence of an air-filled bowel tract within the right subphrenic space (fig.1).Abdominal computed tomography suggested colonic loop present between the right hemi-diaphragm and liver.The absence of abdominal free air confirmed an isolated pseudo-pneumoperitoneum due to colonic interposition between the liver and diaphragm.Discussion chilaiditi sign is radiolucency in the subdiaphragmatic space as a result of bowel interposition between a diaphragm and the liver.If gastrointestinal symptoms present, the condition is known as chilaiditi's syndrome.The abdominal symptoms including severe pain, anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bloating and constipation might mislead physicians or surgeons with diaphragmatic hernia, subdiaphragmatic abscess, bowel perforation, infected hydatid cyst and liver tumor.Thorough physical examination, imaging, and timely follow up is very important to avoid unnecessary exploratory laparotomies.Conclusion chilaiditi's syndrome is often misdiagnosed with bowel perforation because the presence of pseudopneumoperitoneum in the plain x-rays.It is important to understand the unique characteristics of the sign, symptoms and findings of chilaiditi's syndrome to prevent unnecessary surgical procedures.

Journal: International journal of surgery case reports (2021)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus in Southwestern China for the protective efficacy evaluation of four live vaccine strains.

The high mutation rate of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) poses a significant threat to the protective efficacy of vaccines.This study aimed at analyzing the s1 genes of ibv field strains isolated in southwestern china from 2018 to 2020, assessing the pathogenicity of four dominating strains, and evaluating the protective efficacy of four commercial vaccine strains against the endemic representative strains.Thirty-two field strains of ibv were isolated in southwestern china from 2018 to 2020.Phylogenetic analysis of their s1 genes revealed the nucleotide homology ranged from 64.6% to 100%, and belonged to five genotypes [gi-19 (qx, 53.13%), gi-28 (ldt3-a,15.63%), gi-7 (tw, 12.50%), gi-1 (mass, 6.23%), gvi-1 (tc07-2, 6.25%)], and two variant groups [variant-3 (3.13%) and variant-5 (3.13%)].Recombination events between field and vaccine strains or between field strains were identified in the s1 genes of eight ibv field strains.The ck/ch/ynkm/191128 and ck/ch/cqbs/191203 strains of gi-19 showed morbidity rates of 66.7% and 73.7%, respectively, and mortality rates of 13.3% and 33.3%, respectively.Besides, the ck/ch/scyc/191030 and ck/ch/gzgy/191021 strains of gi-28 caused morbidity rates of 60% and 86.7%, respectively, and mortality rates of 33.3%.The protective efficacy of the four commercial live vaccine strains (4/91, fno-e55, ldt3-a, and qxl87) ranged from 70% - 100% and reduced tissue lesions against ck/ch/gzgy/191021 and ck/ch/cqbs/191203 strains.Ldt3-a strain was the most effective one but still could not completely prohibit ibv shedding.These findings provide a reference for ibv molecular evolution analysis and control of ib.

Journal: Vaccine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Growing Safe: Acute Size Escape from Desiccation in Juvenile Crepipatella peruviana (Mollusca: Gastropoda).

Desiccation is an important limiting factor in the intertidal zone.Generally decreasing seaward, desiccation stress can also be alleviated in wet microhabitats.Juvenile snails are generally more susceptible to desiccation than adults, and, for some species, juveniles must therefore hide in microhabitats to survive emersion.The transition from hiding in safe microhabitats to being able to survive fully exposed for the duration of low tide is not well documented.In this study, we investigated the influence of size on desiccation tolerance in juveniles of the calyptraeid gastropod crepipatella peruviana to determine the size at which they can first survive exposure to air.Juveniles 2-13 mm long were exposed to 75% or 100% relative humidity for 0.5-6.5 hours.Juveniles smaller than 5 mm in shell length did not survive emersion at 75% relative humidity for even 0.5 hours; surprisingly, most also perished after short exposures to air at 100% relative humidity, suggesting that something other than desiccation stress may also be at play.In marked contrast, 82% of juveniles larger than 6 mm in shell length survived exposure to 75% relative humidity for the full 6.5 hours.In a field survey, no juveniles smaller than 9 mm were found on exposed rock but rather were found only in wet microhabitats.We suggest that the clearly defined size escape from desiccation may reflect a change in gill functioning or a newfound ability to retain water more effectively within the mantle cavity at low tide.

Journal: The Biological bulletin (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Intimate Partner Violence: Directionality of Violence and Motives for Self-Injury.

Nonsuicidal self-injury (nssi) is associated with intimate partner violence (ipv) perpetration and victimization.However, extant research has not distinguished between unidirectional and bidirectional ipv and has not examined relationships between ipv and functions of self-injury.This study of 1,018 university students revealed a significantly higher prevalence of nssi among those who reported bidirectional ipv compared with nonviolent individuals.However, rates of nssi in the unidirectional ipv groups are more similar to rates of nssi in the bidirectional group than in nonviolent individuals.Individuals who engaged in bidirectional ipv were more likely to endorse interpersonal functions of self-injury than those who engaged in unidirectional ipv or no ipv.In contrast, intrapersonal functions of nssi were not associated with ipv.Findings suggest that the association between ipv and nssi may be best understood in the context of relationship conflict, rather than as a distinct correlate of either ipv victimization or ipv perpetration.

Journal: Journal of interpersonal violence (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Gonococcal bacterial load in PrEP users with Mycoplasma genitalium coinfection.

S gonococcal infections with a higher bacterial load may pose a higher risk of transmission.We assessed the association between gonococcal bacterial load and coinfection with mycoplasma genitalium.Methods from september 2015 until may 2018, 200 men and transgender women who have sex with men participated in an hiv pre-exposure prophylaxis (pr ep) demonstration trial in antwerp, belgium.They underwent 3-monthly 3-site (anus, urine, and pharynx) molecular testing for n.Gonorrhoeae and c.Trachomatisand m.Genitalium, irrespective of symptoms.Gonococcal bacterial load was determined on remnant dna extracts using an in-house quantitative pcr.Results were expressed as log10transformed copies/m l and analyzed with a linear regression model.Results gonococcal bacterial load could be determined for 82 (80.4%) of 102 anal, 17 (73.9%) of 23 urine, and 64 (90.1%) of 71 pharyngeal samples.m.Genitaliumwas detected in five of these anal, two urine, and two pharyngeal samples and c.Trachomatiswas detected in 16 anal, one urine, and two pharyngeal samples.Gonococcal bacterial load was significantly higher in the presence of m.Genitalium(difference 0.92 log copies/m l, 95% ci 0.16-1.67).Conclusions gonococcal bacterial load was higher with m.Genitaliumcoinfection.m.Genitaliummay thus be a cofactor in gonococcal transmission.

Journal: International journal of STD & AIDS (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The online competition between pro- and anti-vaccination views.

Distrust in scientific expertise1-14is dangerous.Opposition to vaccination with a future vaccine against sars-co v-2, the causal agent of covid-19, for example, could amplify outbreaks2-4, as happened for measles in 20195,6.Homemade remedies7,8and falsehoods are being shared widely on the internet, as well as dismissals of expert advice9-11.There is a lack of understanding about how this distrust evolves at the system level13,14.Here we provide a map of the contention surrounding vaccines that has emerged from the global pool of around three billion facebook users.Its core reveals a multi-sided landscape of unprecedented intricacy that involves nearly 100 million individuals partitioned into highly dynamic, interconnected clusters across cities, countries, continents and languages.Although smaller in overall size, anti-vaccination clusters manage to become highly entangled with undecided clusters in the main online network, whereas pro-vaccination clusters are more peripheral.Our theoretical framework reproduces the recent explosive growth in anti-vaccination views, and predicts that these views will dominate in a decade.Insights provided by this framework can inform new policies and approaches to interrupt this shift to negative views.Our results challenge the conventional thinking about undecided individuals in issues of contention surrounding health, shed light on other issues of contention such as climate change11, and highlight the key role of network cluster dynamics in multi-species ecologies15.

Journal: Nature (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article