syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Outcome after Repeated Less Invasive Surfactant Administration: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction less invasive surfactant administration (lisa) to preterm infants is associated with decreased risk for death or bpd.After lisa, a considerable proportion requires a second dose of surfactant because of ongoing respiratory distress syndrome, raising a clinical dilemma between intubation or performing a repeated lisa (re-lisa) procedure.We aim to assess efficacy of re-lisa in avoiding subsequent nasal continuous positive airway pressure failure (need for intubation in the first 72 h of life; cpap-f), to identify factors associated with subsequent cpap-f, and to compare short-term outcomes following re-lisa to surfactant retreatment by endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation.Methods this was an observational retrospective study in two dutch nicus.Inclusion criterion was infants with gestational age 0.5 (or 5.4, 95% ci: 2.0-14.7).Infants receiving re-lisa had a lower risk of death or bpd compared to infants intubated for the second surfactant dose (or 0.4, 95% ci: 0.2-0.9).Infants with cpap-f after re-lisa had similar outcomes compared to those intubated for second surfactant dose.Conclusion re-lisa is effective in reducing cpap-f and is associated with lower risk of death or bpd compared to retreatment via an endotracheal tube.Infants failing cpap after re-lisa have similar outcomes compared to intubated infants.These findings support the use of re-lisa in preterm infants with ongoing rds.

Journal: Neonatology (2022)
Publication types: Observational Study;Journal Article
Regulatory effects and potential therapeutic implications of alarin in depression, and arguments on its receptor.

Alarin is a pleiotropic peptide involved in a multitude of putative biological activities, notably, it has a regulatory effect on depression-like behaviors.Although further elucidating research is needed, animal-based cumulative evidence has shown the antidepressant-like effects of alarin.In light of its regulatory role in depression, alarin could be used as a promising antidepressant in future treatment for depression.Nevertheless, the available information is still insufficient and the therapeutic relevance of alarin in depression is still of concern.Moreover, a plethora of studies have reported that the actions of alarin, including antidepressant activities, are mediated by a separate yet unidentified receptor, highlighting the need for more extensive research.This review focuses on the current understanding of the regulatory effects and future therapeutic relevance of alarin on depression, and the arguments on its receptors.

Journal: Frontiers in psychiatry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
How important are fluctuations in the treatment of internal friction in polymers?

The rouse model with internal friction (rif), a widely used theoretical framework to interpret the effects of internal friction on conformational transitions in biomolecules, is shown to be an approximate treatment that is based on preaveraging internal friction.By comparison with brownian dynamics simulations of an exact coarse-grained model that incorporates fluctuations in internal friction, the accuracy of the preaveraged model predictions is examined both at and away from equilibrium.While the two models predict intrachain autocorrelations that approach each other for long enough chain segments, they differ in their predictions for shorter segments.Furthermore, the two models differ qualitatively in their predictions for the chain extension and viscosity in shear flow, which is taken to represent a prototypical out-of-equilibrium condition.

Journal: Soft matter (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Assessment of eating disorder psychopathology: The psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short Form.

Eating disorders are complicated health problems that affect both the body and the mind.Eating disorders pose a serious challenge to mental health services because of their often chronic pathway.The current study was done to determine the psychometric properties of the eating disorder examination questionnaire short form (ede-qs).Materials and methods persian version of the ede-qs was produced through forward-translation, reconciliation, and back-translation.The design of this research was cross- sectional.A sample of 302 tehran university's students in 2019-2020 was selected through convenience sampling method and completed a set of questionnaires, including the ede-qs, eating attitude test (eat-16), eating beliefs questionnaire-18 (ebq-18), self-esteem scale (ses), and self-compassion scale (scs) short form.The construct validity of the ede-qs was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and divergent and convergent validity.Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were conducted to evaluate the reliability.Data analysis was conducted using spss (version 22) software and lisrel (version 8.8).Results ede-qs was found to be valid and reliable measures, with good internal consistency and good test-retest reliability among students.Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole of scale was 0.85.Intraclass correlation coefficient for the whole of scale was 0.90.In terms of convergent validity, ede-qs showed a significant positive correlation with self-report measures of eat-16 and ebq-18 (p< 05).Ede-qs showed a negative correlation with self-compassion and self-esteem, thus demonstrated a good divergent validity (p< 05).The results of this study also provide support for the one-factor model of the ede-qs (root mean square error of approximation = 0.08, normed fit index [nfi] = 0.90, incremental fit index = 0.92, non-nfi = 0.90, and comparative fit index = 0.92).Conclusion the ede-qs showed good validity and reliability and could be useful in assessing eating disorder psychopathology in a nonclinical population of students.The ede-qs shows notable promise as a measure for use in eating disorder research and clinical settings.

Journal: Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Detection of unknown strawberry diseases based on OpenMatch and two-head network for continual learning.

For continual learning in the process of plant disease recognition it is necessary to first distinguish between unknown diseases from those of known diseases.This paper deals with two different but related deep learning techniques for the detection of unknown plant diseases; open set recognition (osr) and out-of-distribution (oo d) detection.Despite the significant progress in osr, it is still premature to apply it to fine-grained recognition tasks without outlier exposure that a certain part of oo d data (also called known unknowns) are prepared for training.On the other hand, oo d detection requires intentionally prepared outlier data during training.This paper analyzes two-head network included in oo d detection models, and semi-supervised open match associated with osr technology, which explicitly and implicitly assume outlier exposure, respectively.For the experiment, we built an image dataset of eight strawberry diseases.In general, a two-head network and open match cannot be compared due to different training settings.In our experiment, we changed their training procedures to make them similar for comparison and show that modified training procedures resulted in reasonable performance, including more than 90% accuracy for strawberry disease classification as well as detection of unknown diseases.Accurate detection of unknown diseases is an important prerequisite for continued learning.

Journal: Frontiers in plant science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Regulation of thymic T regulatory cell differentiation by TECs in health and disease.

The thymus produces self-limiting and self-tolerant t cells through the interaction between thymocytes and thymus epithelial cells (tecs), thereby generating central immune tolerance.The tecs are composed of cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells, which regulate the positive and negative selection of t cells, respectively.During the process of negative selection, thymocytes with self-reactive ability are deleted or differentiated into regulatory t cells (tregs).Tregs are a subset of suppressor t cells that are important for maintaining immune homeostasis.The differentiation and development of tregs depend on the development of tecs and other underlying molecular mechanisms.Tregs regulated by thymic epithelial cells are closely related to human health and are significant in autoimmune diseases, thymoma and pregnancy.In this review, we summarize the current molecular and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms by which tecs affect the development and function of thymic tregs.We also review the pathophysiological models of thymic epithelial cells regulating thymic tregs in human diseases and specific physiological conditions.

Journal: Scandinavian journal of immunology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Aromatase inhibitors and contralateral breast cancer in BRCA mutation carriers.

Deleterious brca mutations confer a significant lifetime risk of breast cancer (bc) as well as contralateral bc (cbc) in patients who do not undergo prophylactic mastectomy.Prior reports have suggested that tamoxifen reduces the risk of cbc in brca mutation carriers.Whether aromatase inhibitors (ai) have the same effect is unknown.Methods this is a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with non-metastatic er+ bc between 2004 and 2014 with known brca mutation status.Patients were followed from primary diagnosis until cbc diagnosis or death.Median follow-up was 11.5 years.Risk of cbc was evaluated as time to event.Results 935 subjects were included in this analysis, with 53 brca1 mutation carriers, and 94 brca2 mutation carriers.Median age at diagnosis was 42.7 years.Seventy-two percent (676) received tamoxifen and 43% (405) received ai.A total of 66 cbcs occurred, of which 10% (15/147) occurred in brca mutation carriers vs 6.5% (51/788) in brca wild type.Multivariate analyses indicated that brca status and ai use were significantly associated with cbc risk.Ai use resulted in a significant reduction in risk of cbc (hr 0.44, p = 0.004) regardless of the brca mutation status.Tamoxifen use was not associated with reduced risk of cbc.Conclusions this is the first report showing that ais reduce the risk of cbc in brca mutation carriers.The potential role of ais as chemoprevention should be validated in larger independent cohorts.

Journal: Breast cancer research and treatment (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Hepatic macrophage accumulation with aging: cause for concern?

Aging is associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation that adversely affects physiological function.The liver regulates systemic inflammation; it is a source of cytokine production and also scavenges bacteria from the portal circulation to prevent infection of other organs.The cells with primary roles in these functions, hepatic macrophages, become more numerous in the liver with "normal" aging (i.e., in the absence of disease).Here, we demonstrate evidence and potential mechanisms for this phenomenon, which include augmented tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) expression in the liver.Also, we discuss how an age-related impairment in autophagy within macrophages leads to a pro-oxidative state and ensuing production of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin 6 (il-6).Given that the liver is a rich source of macrophages, we posit that it represents a major source of the elevated systemic il-6 observed with aging, which is associated with physiological dysfunction.Testing a causal role for liver macrophage production of il-6 during aging remains a challenge, yet interventions that have targeted macrophages and/or il-6 have demonstrated promise in treating age-related diseases.These studies have demonstrated an age-related, deleterious reprogramming of macrophage function, which worsens pathology.Therefore, hepatic macrophage accrual is indeed a cause for concern, and therapies that attenuate the aged phenotype of macrophages will likely prove useful in promoting healthy aging.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
Marginal loss and exclusion loss for partially supervised multi-organ segmentation.

Annotating multiple organs in medical images is both costly and time-consuming; therefore, existing multi-organ datasets with labels are often low in sample size and mostly partially labeled, that is, a dataset has a few organs labeled but not all organs.In this paper, we investigate how to learn a single multi-organ segmentation network from a union of such datasets.To this end, we propose two types of novel loss function, particularly designed for this scenario: (i) marginal loss and (ii) exclusion loss.Because the background label for a partially labeled image is, in fact, a 'merged' label of all unlabelled organs and 'true' background (in the sense of full labels), the probability of this 'merged' background label is a marginal probability, summing the relevant probabilities before merging.This marginal probability can be plugged into any existing loss function (such as cross entropy loss, dice loss, etc.) to form a marginal loss.Leveraging the fact that the organs are non-overlapping, we propose the exclusion loss to gauge the dissimilarity between labeled organs and the estimated segmentation of unlabelled organs.Experiments on a union of five benchmark datasets in multi-organ segmentation of liver, spleen, left and right kidneys, and pancreas demonstrate that using our newly proposed loss functions brings a conspicuous performance improvement for state-of-the-art methods without introducing any extra computation.

Journal: Medical image analysis (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Coexistence of infinitely many patterns and their control in heterogeneous coupled neurons through a multistable memristive synapse.

The phenomenon of hidden heterogeneous extreme multistability is rarely reported in coupled neurons.This phenomenon is investigated in this contribution using a model of a 2d fitz hugh-nagumo neuron coupled with a 3d hindmarsh-rose neuron through a multistable memristive synapse.The investigation of the equilibria revealed that the coupled neuron model is equilibrium free and, thus, displays a hidden dynamics.Some traditional nonlinear analysis tools are used to demonstrate that the heterogeneous neuron system is able to exhibit the coexistence of an infinite number of electrical activities involving both periodic and chaotic patterns.Of particular interest, a noninvasive control method is applied to suppress all the periodic coexisting activities, while preserving only the desired chaotic one.Finally, an electronic circuit of the coupled neurons is designed in the pspice environment and used to further support some results of the theoretical investigations.

Journal: Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia With Scalp Cooling.

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia is a common and distressing adverse effect of many types of chemotherapy.Scalp cooling has been used since the 1970s for prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia; however, most data regarding this treatment modality are retrospective in nature, and use in the united states has been limited by safety concerns, specifically the potential for scalp metastases.Two prospective studies of scalp-cooling systems performed in the united states were published within the last year and add evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of scalp cooling in preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia in patients receiving chemotherapy for solid tumor malignancies.Available data suggest that this technology is most effective for taxane-based chemotherapy regimens compared with anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens.Two scalp-cooling devices have been cleared by the us food and drug administration, and multiple cold caps are available for patient rental.The adverse effect profile of scalp cooling includes scalp pain, headache, and chills but is tolerable for most patients included in recent clinical trials.Retrospective data suggest that the incidence of scalp metastases related to scalp cooling is low and should not limit use of this technology.Logistic issues related to use of scalp cooling include availability of devices, inconsistent insurance coverage, and incorporation of use into typical infusion center workflow.

Journal: Journal of oncology practice (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Early report on the severity of COVID-19 in hematologic patients infected with the SARS-CoV2 omicron variant.

Introduction patients with hematologic disease are at high risk of morbidity and mortality from covid-19 due to disease-inherent and therapy-related immunodeficiency.Whether infection with the sars-co v2 omicron variant leads to attenuated disease severity in these patients is currently unknown.Methods we assessed clinical and laboratory parameters in 61 patients with underlying hematologic conditions with a sars-co v2 omicron variant infection confirmed by nucleic acid amplification testing.Results fifty patients reported symptoms of covid-19, most commonly fatigue (37 patients, 60.66%) and cough (32 patients, 52.46%).39.34% of patients reported fever.Dyspnea was reported by 10 patients and 7 patients (11.48%) required oxygen therapy.Anosmia and ageusia were relatively rare, occurring in less than 10% of patients.Severity of sars-co v2 infection could be assessed in 60 patients.Five cases of critical illness leading to icu admission occurred during the observation period.Overall mortality was 9.84% in this patient cohort, with heterogeneous causes of death.The majority of omicron-infected hematologic patients experienced mild symptoms or remained asymptomatic.Discussion in this study, symptoms of covid-19 tended to be milder than described for previous sars-co v2 variants.However, the extent to which attenuated severity of omicron-variant sars-co v2 infection is caused by altered viral pathogenicity or pre-existing host immunity cannot be inferred from our data and should be investigated in larger prospective studies.

Journal: European journal of haematology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Fabrication of PAMAM antimicrobial monolayer via UV induced grafting on the surface of polyethylene terephthalate.

Poly (amidoamine) (pamam) with 3rd and 5th generation was covalently grafted as the contact active biocidal agent on the surface of polyethylene terephthalate (pet) with the help of uv induced carbene chemistry (pamam-g-pet).The graft density and the surface roughness were controlled by turning uv irradiation time and the pamam generation.The pamam graft monolayer was characterized via the contact angle, xps, nano ir, sem and afm.The antibacterial ability of pamam-g-pet was evaluated ex-vivo with the help of laser scanning confocal microscope (clsm), and the results indicated that the decorated pet was able to kill both s.Aureus and e.Coli in the aqueous environment.Increasing the surface graft concentration and using the dendrimer with higher generation enhanced the lethality towards the bacterial.The decorated film was still able to kill the contact bacterial strain when the cationic primary amine groups were shielded by acetyl chloride, however, the bacterial in the suspension was hardly affected in this case.The un-selectivity and instantaneity of carbene chemistry endowed this grafting strategy the potential to be extended to other organic substances.

Journal: Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Dual-channel geometric meta-holograms with complex-amplitude modulation based on bi-spectral single-substrate-layer meta-atoms.

Metasurfaces with complex-amplitude modulation are superior in power regulation and hologram imaging resolution compared with those with phase-only modulation.Nevertheless, a single-cell metasurface with multi-band independent phase and amplitude controls is still a great challenge for the circularly polarized incidences.In this work, we propose and design a single-substrate-layer single-cell metasurface with independent complex-amplitude modulations at two discrete frequencies.Based on this emerging technique, a bi-spectral meta-hologram is designed and verified by both full-wave simulations and experiments, which could reconstruct two chinese characters at the imaging plane at two frequencies.The proposed method shows great potential in multifunctional meta-devices with enhanced performance.

Journal: Optics express (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Perception of the validity of the Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire in a population of patients with chronic migraine.

S the migraine disability assessment (midas) questionnaire is the most frequently used instrument for assessing the level of disability in studies into migraine.This study aims to determine the level of completion of the questionnaire, assess the ease of use, and understand patients' subjective perception of the questionnaire's actual ability to measure disability.Material and methods we performed a prospective study of a sample of 78 patients with chronic migraine, determining their level of education and employment status.In a baseline visit, patients were trained to properly complete the questionnaire.At 3 months, we determined the total score and level of completion.Patients also completed a survey measuring ease of use of the questionnaire and patients' perception of whether the score accurately reflected their disability.Results only 46% of patients fully completed the questionnaire.Sixty-nine percent reported finding it difficult to complete (this was influenced by patient's employment status but not by educational level).Sixty-two percent of respondents believed that the questionnaire did not fully reflect their own perception of their disability.Conclusions although the validity and consistence of the midas questionnaire are well documented, a high percentage of the study population reported finding it difficult to complete; many patients also considered that the questionnaire did not accurately reflect their disability.Understanding patients' opinions of the suitability of questionnaires used in consultation is crucial to improving completion.

Journal: Neurologia (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Neuronutraceuticals Combating Neuroinflammaging: Molecular Insights and Translational Challenges-A Systematic Review.

Neuropathologies, such as neuroinflammaging, have arisen as a serious concern for preserving the quality of life due to the global increase in neurodegenerative illnesses.Nowadays, neuronutraceuticals have gained remarkable attention.It is necessary to investigate the bioavailability, off-target effects, and mechanism of action of neuronutraceuticals.To comprehend the comprehensive impact on brain health, well-designed randomized controlled trials testing combinations of neuronutraceuticals are also necessary.Although there is a translational gap between basic and clinical research, the present knowledge of the molecular perspectives of neuroinflammaging and neuronutraceuticals may be able to slow down brain aging and to enhance cognitive performance.The present review also highlights the key emergent issues, such as regulatory and scientific concerns of neuronutraceuticals, including bioavailability, formulation, blood-brain permeability, safety, and efficacy.

Journal: Nutrients (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Systematic Review