syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis: functions, development, regulation, and therapeutic potential.

Rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the joints but also leads to systemic inflammation.Auto-reactivity and dysregulation of self-tolerance are thought to play a vital role in disease onset.In the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, disturbed immunosuppressive properties of regulatory t cells contribute to the dysregulation of immune homeostasis.In ra patients, the functions of treg cells and their frequency are reduced.Therefore, focusing on the re-establishment of self-tolerance by increasing treg cell frequencies and preventing a loss of function is a promising strategy for the treatment of ra.This approach could be especially beneficial for those patients who do not respond well to current therapies.In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge about the function, differentiation and regulation of treg cells in ra patients and in animal models of autoimmune arthritis.In addition, we highlight the therapeutic potential as well as the challenges of treg cell targeting treatment strategies.

Journal: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Circadian activity of small brown bear populations living in human-dominated landscapes.

Whereas numerous studies on large carnivores have focused on analyzing spatial patterns and habitat use, the temporal dimension of their activity has been relatively little investigated, making this a topic of growing interest, especially in human-dominated landscapes.Relict and isolated apennine brown bears (ursus arctos marsicanus) have been living in a human-modified landscape since millennia, but no information is available on their activity patterns.By means of gps telemetry (26,880 gps locations collected from 18 adult apennine brown bears) we investigated their circadian rhythms, using hourly movement rates as an index of bear activity.Based on a bayesian modeling approach, circadian activity of apennine brown bears was described by a bimodal curve, with peaks of activity around sunrise and sunset.We revealed seasonal effects, with bears exhibiting higher movement rates throughout the mating season, but no relevant influence of sex.In addition, bears increased their movement rate at distances &lt; 100-500 m to roads and settlements exclusively during spring and late summer, suggesting a trade-off between foraging opportunities and risk avoidance.The absence of a marked nocturnality in apennine brown bears suggests a relatively low degree of habitat encroachment and disturbance by humans.Yet, the occurrence of crepuscular activity patterns and the responses in proximity of anthropogenic landscape features likely indicate a coadaptation by bears to human presence through a shift in their temporal niche.Further studies should aim to unveil fitness implications of such modifications in activity patterns.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Submental Artery Island Flap in Oral Cavity Reconstruction. An Observational, Retrospective Two-centre Study.

Introduction the submental flap provides an alternative technique in orofacial reconstruction, especially in situations in which free flaps are not available, or the patients are unfit.objective to demonstrate the oncological safety and benefits of this flap in oral cavity reconstruction.methods a total of 14 patients with oral cavity cancers, who underwent submental flap reconstruction from january 2016 to january 2018, were included in the study.results there were 11 male and 3 female patients with a mean age of 66.7 ± 14 (min: 52/max: 91) years old.The most common primary tumor site was the mobile tongue in 12 (85.7%) patients.All of the patients underwent ipsilateral selective neck dissection after the flap was harvested.Flap partial necrosis was observed in one patient, and total necrosis in another one.The mean follow-up was of one year.Nonlocal or regional recurrences were observed.conclusion submental island flap represents a good option in oral cavity reconstruction in a restricted setting or in patients considered not fit for free flap reconstruction.Preoperative selection of clinically neck node-negative patients is essential due to the potential risk of occult metastasis.

Journal: International archives of otorhinolaryngology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Symmetry-breaking charge separation in a nitrogen-bridged naphthalene monoimide dimer.

The photophysical properties of 4-aminonaphthalene-1,8-imide-based derivatives, bis-ani, consisting of two naphthalimide (ni) units linked by a butylamine bridge and its monomer ani have been intensively investigated by steady-state and transient spectroscopy combined with quantum chemical calculations.The excited state relaxation dynamics of the two molecules are studied in three solvents of varying polarity - from hexane to tetrahydrofuran to acetone.A strong reduction in the fluorescence quantum yields and larger red shifts of the emission spectra are observed when going from the monomer ani to dimer bis-ani with increasing solvent polarity.It is found that the presence of the central amino linker in bis-ani facilitates the formation of an asymmetric cs state between the ani and ni moieties in bis-ani, where ni ̇-is the dominant radical anion unit after cs, evidenced by the femtosecond transient absorption measurements and spectroelectrochemistry in polar solvents.Femtosecond transient absorption spectra and quantum chemical calculations reveal the conformational change after the formation of the symmetry-breaking charge separation (sbcs) state upon photoexcitation, while a near-orthogonal structure in the excited state of bis-ani retards charge recombination.In addition, it is evidenced that the rate of sbcs can be tuned by changing the different polar solvents.

Journal: Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The association between physical activity and prevalence of anxiety and depression in medical students during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

The covid-19 pandemic has affected medical students both physically and mentally.Medical students have had to take online classes, which may have decreased their physical activity (pa) and increased their risk of mental health.This research aimed to explore the association between mental health problems and pa levels.Materials and methods a cross-sectional study was conducted on 1st-6thyear medical students, at a university in southern thailand; from september to october 2021.The participants completed online questionnaires; including, demographic data, global physical activity, phq-9 and the gad-7 questionnaire.The association between pa levels and mental health was assessed using ordinal logistic regression.Results among 325 medical students, 42.8% were males and 51.1% were clinical medical students.The prevalence of moderate to severe depression and anxiety was 31% and 12.9%.In total, 49.7% of participants had low pa levels.Pre-clinical students had a higher risk of depression (or 2.11 p-value 0.001) and anxiety (or 2.20 p-value 0.045) than clinical students.We also found that moderate or high pa levels were not a significant factor with mental health status (p-value of depression 0.447, 0.823 and p-value of anxiety 0.362, p-value 0.574, respectively).Conclusion there were a lot of medical students with moderate to severe depression and anxiety, and about half of those had low pa levels; especially, pre-clinical students that learned online study activities.There was no significant association between pa levels and mental health status.However, the faculty should reconsiderate their medical student to increase physical activities and redesign the curriculum to support their students during these challenging times.

Journal: Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Phloretin exhibits potential food-drug interactions by inhibiting human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in vitro.

Phloretin is a well-known apple polyphenol possessing a wide variety of biological effects and has been widely used in many fields.However, it's unclear whether phloretin has an effect on the activity of human ugt enzymes.Our study indicated that phloretin inhibited human ugts on a broad spectrum.Further kinetic analysis revealed that phloretin inhibited ugt1a1, 1a6, 1a9, 2b7, and 2b15 in a noncompetitive manner, with calculated kiof 8.34 μm, 16.69 μm, 10.58 μm, 17.74 μm and 2.46μμ, respectively, whereas phloretin inhibited ugt1a7 in an un-competitive manner, with calculated kiof 5.70 μm.According to the quantitative risk prediction, co-administration of phloretin with drugs primarily metabolized by ugt1a7 and/or ugt2b15 may result in potential food-drug interactions.To sum up, when phloretin or phloretin-rich food is administered with medications metabolized by ugt1a7 and/or ugt2b15, concern should be exercised.

Journal: Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Phenacyl Phenothiazinium Salt as a New Broad-Wavelength-Absorbing Photoinitiator for Cationic and Free Radical Polymerizations.

A novel broad-wavelength-absorbing photoinitiator based on phenacyl phenothiazinium hexafluroantimonate (p-pth) possessing both phenacyl and phenothiazine chromophoric groups was reported.P-pth absorbs light at uv, visible and near-ir region.Photophysical, photochemical, and computational investigations revealed that p-pth in solution decomposes at all wavelengths by homolytic and heterolytic cleavages and generates cationic and radical species, which could efficiently initiate cationic and free radical polymerizations.It is anticipated that the photoinitiator with such wavelength flexibility may open up new pathways in curing applications of formulations of pigment systems.

Journal: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Transformation of nomifensine using ionizing radiation and exploration of its anticancer effects in MCF-7 cells.

Breast cancer is one of the most challenging diseases to treat in humans worldwide.There are several alternatives in treating this life-threatening disease; however, chemoresistance is probably the biggest obstacle to the treatment of breast cancer.It may be essential to develop a therapeutic candidate material with less reversible effects and high treatment efficiency to solve this problem.The present study applied an ionizing radiation approach employing nomifensine (nf) to transform its chemical characteristics and investigated its potential to kill human breast cancer cells (mcf-7).Irradiated (ir-) nf was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography.The findings showed that nf inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells and increased the rate of apoptosis.In addition, ir-nf induced the accumulation of cytosolic reactive oxygen species and enhanced mitochondrial aggregation.Additionally, mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, p38 and c-jun nh 2-terminal kinase) were involved in damage signaling induced by ir-nf and ir-nf suppressed β-catenin nuclear translocation.It is suggested that irradiation can be an effective method to maximize the efficacy of existing drugs and that ir-nf has the potential to be a drug candidate for treating patients with breast cancer.

Journal: Experimental and therapeutic medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Becker Naevus Syndrome of the Lower Body: One Case and Review of the Literature.

Becker naevus syndrome is a rare epidermal naevus syndrome defined by the co-occurrence of a becker naevus with various cutaneous, muscular and skeletal anomalies.In the majority of cases, abnormalities exclusively consist of ipsilateral hypoplasia of the breast, areola and/or nipple in addition to the naevus.Here, we report on a 42-year-old woman with an extensive becker naevus reaching from the left buttock to the left calf verified on histological examination.In addition, there was marked hypoplasia of the fatty tissue of the left thigh confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging in contrast to hyperplasia of the fatty tissue of the left gluteal area.Underlying muscles and bones were not affected.There was no difference in leg lengths.In addition, we review and discuss the features of becker naevus syndrome with emphasis on 10 reported cases with involvement of the lower body.

Journal: Acta dermato-venereologica (2017)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article;Review
Chemical Characterization and In Vivo Toxicological Safety Evaluation of Emu Oil.

In this study, the physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition, antioxidant activities, and in vitro as well as in vivo toxicological safety of emu oil were investigated.Emu oil was shown to have a low acid and peroxide value, low amounts of carotenoid and phenolic compounds, and high doses of oleic acid and linoleic acid.Furthermore, in a bacterial reverse mutation assay, emu oil demonstrated no change in the amount of revertant colonies for all strains.In a chromosomal assay, no aberrations occurred in any of the emu oil treatment groups (1.25, 2.5, and 5 μg/m l).In the bone marrow micronucleus test, emu oil up to 20 m l/kg showed no significant increase in the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes.Moreover, emu oil up to 19.3 mg/kg body weight did not affect body weight in an acute oral toxicity study.These results are crucial for the adoption of emu oil as an alternative source of edible oil.

Journal: Nutrients (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Azobenzene-containing surfactant directs small features of DNA thermotropic liquid crystals via bottom-up and top-down strategies.

Compared to classical block copolymers, the self-assembly of small molecules shows an advantage in addressing small features.As a new type of solvent-free ionic complexes, azobenzene-containing dna thermotropic liquid crystals (tlcs) form an assembly as block copolymers when using small dna.However, the self-assembly behavior of such biomaterials has not been fully investigated.In this study, photoresponsive dna tlcs are fabricated by employing an azobenzene-containing surfactant with double flexible chains.For these dna tlcs, the self-assembly behavior of dna and surfactants could be guided by the factors of the molar ratio of azobenzene-containing surfactant, ds dna/ss dna, and presence or absence of water, which addresses the bottom-up control on domain spacing of mesophase.Meanwhile, such dna tlcs also gain top-down control on morphology via photoinduced phase change.This work would provide a strategy for regulating the small features of solvent-free biomaterials, facilitating the development of patterning templates based on photoresponsive biomaterials.Statement of significance: the relationship between nanostructure and function is attractive in the science of biomaterials.With biocompatibility and degradability, photoresponsive dna materials in solutions have been widely studied in biological and medical areas, but they are still hard to obtain in a condensed state.The complex created with designed azobenzene-containing surfactants paves the way for obtaining condensed photoresponsive dna materials.However, fine control of the small features of such biomaterials has not yet been achieved.In this study, we present a bottom-up strategy of controlling the small features of such dna materials and, simultaneously, the top-down control of morphology via photoinduced phase change.This work provides a bi-directional approach to controlling the small features of condensed biomaterials.

Journal: Acta biomaterialia (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Application of pelvic floor ultrasound during pregnancy to detect patients at risk of cesarean section due to failure of labor progression in a Spanish population.

Our study is aimed at evaluating the characteristics of the pelvic floor, assessed through transperineal ultrasound, since it may influence or increase the possibility of having a cesarean delivery, with the objective of acting on those variables that can be modified during pregnancy.Study design transperineal ultrasound was performed on 109 primiparous pregnant women in their first trimester of pregnancy, recruited between may 2018 and february 2019, with the purpose of studying the hiatus area at rest, retention and valsalva.We have reassessed them at the end of pregnancy and delivery data were recorded.We selected 8 patients as case-study, who had cesarean section delivery due to failure of labor progression.We selected 4 control-cases for each, reaching the total of 32 controls, with similar age and body mass index, to avoid obtaining a biased result from these data.Results in the study of hiatal areas, patients who delivered by cesarean section had a smaller hiatal area at rest, during levator ani muscle contraction and during valsalva maneuver, at all visits.In early pregnancy, the range of the resting hiatal area was 13.8 ± 2.0 cm2for cesarean sections, compared to 16.2 ± 2.7 cm2for vaginal deliveries with an or of 0.57 (0.34-0.95, 95% ci).For hiatal area on valsalva, the or was 0.55 (0.35-0.88, 95% ci).Therefore, the smaller the hiatal area, the greater the possibility of cesarean section.At the end of pregnancy, between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation, the or of hiatal area on valsalva was 0.78 (0.60-1.00, 95% ci).Conclusion the hiatus area measured by transperineal ultrasonography at the beginning and at the end of the pregnancy may be useful to identify the patients who are at a higher risk of cesarean delivery due to failure of labor progression.

Journal: European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Factors associated with age at autism diagnosis in a community sample of Australian adults.

Autism diagnosis in adulthood has become increasingly common due to a range of factors including changes in awareness, diagnostic criteria, and professional practices.Past research identified a range of demographic and autism-related factors associated with autism diagnosis age in children.However, it is unclear whether these apply to autistic adults.This study aimed to examine predictors of autism diagnosis age in adults while controlling for current age and autistic traits.We used a cross-sectional sample of 657 adults aged 15-80 from three self and carer-report studies: the australian longitudinal study of autism in adulthood (alsaa), study of australian school-leavers with autism (sasla) and pathways, predictors and impact of receiving an autism spectrum diagnosis in adulthood (pathways).Using hierarchical multiplicative heteroscedastic regression, we found that older current age and higher self-reported autistic traits predicted older diagnosis age, and that female gender, lack of intellectual disability, language other than english, family history of autism, lifetime depression, and no obsessive-compulsive disorder predicted older diagnosis age beyond current age and autistic traits.The paradoxical relationship between high autistic traits and older diagnosis age requires further investigation.Based on these findings, we recommended strategies to improve autism recognition in women and people from non-english-speaking backgrounds.Future studies could extend the findings by examining the effects of childhood and adulthood socioeconomic status on adult diagnosis age.Lay summary: we studied the relationship between age at autism diagnosis and other characteristics in adults.We found that both older current age and higher autistic traits, female gender, language other than english, family history of autism, and history of depression were related to older age at diagnosis, while intellectual disability and history of obsessive-compulsive disorder were related to younger age at diagnosis.Our findings suggest more work is needed to help recognize autism in women and people from non-english-speaking backgrounds.

Journal: Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Association of Intrinsic Capacity with Frailty, Physical Fitness and Adverse Health Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Intrinsic capacity (ic) and frailty are complementary in advancing disability prevention through maintaining functionality.Objectives we examined the relationship between ic and frailty status at baseline and 1-year, and evaluated if ic decline predicts frailty onset among robust older adults.The secondary objectives investigated associations between ic, physical fitness and health-related outcomes.Design prospective cohort study.Setting community-based assessments.Participants older adults aged>55 years, who were independent in ambulation (walking aids permitted).Measurements 5 domains of ic were assessed at baseline: locomotion (short physical performance battery, 6-minute walk test), vitality (nutritional status, muscle mass), sensory (self-reported hearing and vision), cognition (self-reported memory, age- and education adjusted cognitive performance), psychological (geriatric depression scale-15, self-reported anxiety/ depression).Composite ic (0-10) was calculated, with higher scores representing greater ic.Frailty status was based on modified fried criteria, with frailty progression defined as incremental fried score at 1-year.Results 809 participants (67.6+6.8 years) had complete data for all 5 ic domains.489 (60.4%) participants were robust but only 213 (26.3%) had no decline in any ic domain.Pre-frail and frail participants were more likely to exhibit decline in all 5 ic domains (p<0.05), with decremental composite ic [9 (8-9), 8 (6-9), 5.5 (4-7.5), p<0.001] across robust, prefrail and frail.Ic was significantly associated with fitness performance, independent of age and gender.Higher composite ic reduced risk for frailty progression (or=0.62, 95% ci 0.48-0.80), and reduced frailty onset among robust older adults (or=0.53, 95% ci 0.37-0.77), independent of age, comorbidities and social vulnerability.Participants with higher ic were less likely to experience health deterioration (or=0.70, 95% ci 0.58-0.83), falls (or=0.76, 95% ci 0.65-0.90) and functional decline (or=0.64, 95% ci 0.50-0.83) at 1-year.Conclusion declining ic may present before frailty becomes clinically manifest, increasing risk for poor outcomes.Monitoring of ic domains potentially facilitates personalized interventions to avoid progressive frailty.

Journal: The Journal of frailty & aging (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article