syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Redesigning College Professional Development Resources to Meet the Needs of Emerging Public Health Professionals.

The university of south florida, college of public health, is dedicated to providing career planning and professional development services for students in varying formats.However, changing public health training needs and an emerging need for focused attention on professional development necessitated the development of an evaluative program to better understand our students' needs in these areas.Specifically, anecdotal student feedback about feeling unprepared professionally and survey feedback from students, preceptor feedback regarding the need for students to be better trained in core professional concepts, and low rates of attendance in standard professional development events resulted in a quality improvement study to identify students' perceived career planning and professional development needs.Findings were used to redesign current services and provided the basis for developing more targeted trainings to ensure that public health graduates are better prepared to meet employer expectations and to excel in the workforce.This article provides an overview of this transformative process, including the results of the qualitative survey on student, faculty, alumni, and community preceptor perspectives, and resulting prototypes developed for the professional development pilot along with preliminary insights.

Journal: Health promotion practice (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Mechanistic Effects of E-Liquids on Biofilm Formation and Growth of Oral Commensal Streptococcal Communities: Effect of Flavoring Agents.

Vaping has become a global health concern.As research continues, more studies are beginning to question the relative safety of e-liquid flavoring additives.The oral cavity is the first site of exposure to e-liquid aerosol, making it critical for investigation.Because of the importance of commensal bacterial biofilms for oral health, we sought to explore the effects of e-liquids ± flavors on the formation and growth of single- and multi-species biofilms and to investigate the mechanism of inhibition.methods:quantitative and confocal biofilm analysis, death curves, and colony-forming units (cfu) were evaluated with flavorless and flavored (tobacco, menthol, cinnamon, strawberry, blueberry) e-liquids using four strains of oral commensal bacteria (streptococcus gordonii,streptococcus intermedius,streptococcus mitis,and streptococcus oralis).results:all flavoring agents show a dose-dependent inhibition in the growth of single-species and multi-species biofilms.Furthermore, cfus, death curves, and light microscopy show that flavoring agents have a bactericidal mode of inhibition on the growth of these oral streptococci.conclusions:these results show that flavored, rather than unflavored, e-liquids are more detrimental to biofilm formation and growth of oral commensal bacteria.Consequently, e-liquid flavorings agents could pose risks to the oral microenvironment, and by extension, to systemic health.

Journal: Dentistry journal (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Oral nimodipine treatment has no effect on amyloid pathology or neuritic dystrophy in the 5XFAD mouse model of amyloidosis.

Dysregulation of calcium homeostasis has been hypothesized to play a role in alzheimer's disease (ad) pathogenesis.Increased calcium levels can impair axonal transport, disrupt synaptic transmission, and ultimately lead to cell death.Given the potential role of calcium dyshomeostasis in ad, there is interest in testing the ability of already approved drugs targeting various calcium channels to affect amyloid pathology and other aspects of disease.The objective of this study was to test the effects of fda-approved l-type calcium channel antagonist nimodipine on amyloid accumulation and dystrophic neurite formation in 5xfad mice, a mouse model of amyloid pathology.5xfad transgenic mice and non-transgenic littermates were treated with vehicle or nimodipine-containing chow from two to eight months of age, then brains were harvested and amyloid pathology assessed by immunoblot and immunofluorescence microscopy analyses.Nimodipine was well tolerated and crossed the blood brain barrier, as expected, but there was no effect on aβ accumulation or on the relative amount of neuritic dystrophy, as assessed by either immunoblot, dot blot or immunofluorescence imaging of aβ42 and dystrophic neurite marker lamp1.While we conclude that nimodipine treatment is not likely to improve amyloid pathology or decrease neuritic dystrophy in ad, it is worth noting that nimodipine did not worsen the phenotype suggesting its use is safe in ad patients.

Journal: PloS one (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Meaning of socioeconomic status for mental health of adolescents in East China.

There is limited evidence on the association between different dimensions of socioeconomic status and mental health on adolescents in developing nations.The aim of this study was to examine this association among adolescents in east china.A school-based study that recruited 6902 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years was conducted in suzhou, hefei and hangzhou.Multiple of indicators of socioeconomic status and mental health in adolescents were examined.Results revealed that girls showed significantly higher score of the global severity index, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, hostility, and phobic anxiety symptoms than boys.As expected, there was a slightly negative correlation between different dimensions of socioeconomic status to different domains of mental health problems (rranged from -0.044 to 0.124).Furthermore, we found that maternal education and occupation were significantly associated with mental health for both boys and girls, while subjective socioeconomic status only was significantly associated with girls.In conclusion, adolescents in families with socioeconomic disadvantage, in the form of lower educational level and occupational prestige of mothers, had greater risk of mental health problem.Meanwhile, higher subjective socioeconomic status positively affects the mental health of female adolescents.

Journal: Psychology, health & medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Role of whole-body vibration exposure and posture of dumper operators in musculoskeletal disorders: a case study in metalliferous mines.

S.the combined role of whole-body vibration (wbv) exposure and awkward posture on musculoskeletal disorders (msds) experienced by dumper operators in two metalliferous mines in india was evaluated through a cross-sectional study.methods.frequency-weighted root mean square (rms) acceleration was used for wbv exposure assessment.Anthropometry and rapid upper limb assessment (rula) were used for static and dynamic posture assessment, respectively.Prevalence of msds was assessed using the nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (nmq).Logistic regression was used to assess the factors contributing to msd problems.results.the rms values revealed that the operators exceeded the lower limit of standard no.Iso 2631-1:1997.The dynamic posture study revealed that the majority of dumper operators were taking awkward postures and 58-74% of them were subjected to high and medium levels of msd risk.The adjusted odds ratio (7.96, 95% confidence interval [1.24, 41.35]) for the most awkward postures revealed wbv exposure as the significant risk factor for msd problems among the operators.conclusion.wbv exposure and posture of operators should be regularly monitored and corrective actions implemented to reduce their msd problems.Ergonomic seat design based on the anthropometry of the operators should be assessed at the time of procuring new equipment.

Journal: International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics : JOSE (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Clinical precursors of tics: an EMTICS study.

Children with tourette syndrome (ts) often have comorbid disorders, particularly attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd).While subtle premorbid symptoms have been described in various psychiatric disorders, the presence of clinical precursors that may exist before the onset of tics is unknown.This longitudinal study aimed to find clinical precursors of tics by assessing a range of clinical characteristics prior to tic onset in comparison with children without onset of tics.Methods a sample of 187 3- to 10-year-old first-degree unaffected relatives of children with ts were followed up to 7 years in the european multicentre tics in children study (emtics).We investigated whether clinical characteristics assessed at baseline predicted tic onset, comparing 126 children without tic onset to 61 children who developed tics.We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) method, a penalised logistic regression approach.We also explored sex differences and repeated our analyses in an age- and sex-matched subsample.Results children with tic onset were more frequently male (β = -0.36), had higher baseline severity of conduct problems (β = 0.23), autism spectrum disorder symptoms (asd; β = 0.08), compulsions (β = 0.02) and emotional problems (β = 0.03) compared to children without tic onset.Conduct and asd problems were male-specific predictors, whereas severity of compulsions and oppositional (β = 0.39) and emotional problems were female-specific predictors.Conclusion this study supports the presence of clinical precursors prior to tic onset and highlights the need of sex-specific monitoring of children at risk of developing tics.This may aid in the earlier detection of tics, particularly in females.We moreover found that tics most often persisted one year after tic onset, in contrast to the common belief that tics are mostly transient.

Journal: Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PE MIMICS: a structured approach for the emergency radiologist in the evaluation of chest pain.

Chest pain is a common reason for presentation to the emergency department.In many cases, a ctpa or ct thoracic aorta is performed during work up to assess for pulmonary embolism and aortic pathology, critical diagnoses that can be difficult to out rule clinically.However, the causes of chest pain are myriad.It is therefore crucial for the interpreting radiologist to be cognizant of other potential etiologies when interpreting these studies.The purpose of this pictorial essay is to highlight the causes of non-pe or aortic-related chest pain and provide radiologists with a structured approach to interpreting these studies, ensuring a comprehensive search strategy so that important pathologies are not missed.

Journal: Emergency radiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A systematic review of pharmacokinetic studies on herbal drug Fuzi: Implications for Fuzi as personalized medicine.

Fuzi, which is the processed lateral roots of aconitum carmichaeli debx.(ranunculaceae), is a traditional herbal medicine that is well known for its excellent pharmacological effects and acute toxicity.Aconitum alkaloids are responsible for its pharmacological activity and toxicity.Although a large number of studies on fuzi have been reported, no comprehensive review on its pharmacokinetics has yet been published.Purpose this paper seeks to present a comprehensive review regarding the phytochemistry, pharmacokinetic features and toxicity of fuzi.The regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes (dmes) and efflux transporters (ets) by fuzi is also concluded.Additionally, the use of fuzi as a personalized medicine based on the bioavailability barrier (bb), which mainly comprises dmes and ets, is discussed.Methods all available information on fuzi was collected by searching for key words in pub med, science direct, cnki, google scholar, baidu scholar, and web of science.Results aconitum alkaloids, which mainly include diester-diterpene alkaloids (ddas), monoester-diterpene alkaloids (mdas) and unesterified-diterpene alkaloids (udas), could be detected after fuzi ingestion in vivo.The aconitum alkaloids are rapidly absorbed in the intestine and extensively distributed in the body.Dmes, especially cyp3a4/5, are responsible for various types of metabolic reactions of the aconitum alkaloids.Ets, including p-glycoprotein (p-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (mrp2), and breast cancer resistance protein (bcrp), are involved in the efflux of the ddas and mdas.The kidney is the most important organ involved in the excretion of the aconitum alkaloids.Ddas are the main toxic compounds present in fuzi, and their acute toxicity is mainly due to their effects on the voltage-dependent sodium channels.Furthermore, fuzi can substantially regulate dmes and ets.Conclusions the toxicity of ddas is acute.However, further investigations are necessary to determine the exact toxicological mechanisms.The significant impact of fuzi on dmes and ets suggests that the co-administration of fuzi with drugs that are substrates of dmes and/or ets may cause herb-drug interactions (hdis).The bb network controlled exposure to the aconitum alkaloids in vivo.Polymorphisms of dmes and ets in different individuals contribute to the differences in the efficacy and toxicity of fuzi ingestion.In the future, the use of fuzi as personalized medicine based on the bb network is necessary and practical to achieve ideal therapeutic efficacy with minimal toxicity.

Journal: Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Review;Systematic Review
Blooming of a microbial community in an Ediacaran extreme volcanic lake system.

Ancient aquatic sediments are critical archives for studying early microbial life and the types of environments in which they thrived.The recently characterized amane tazgart microbialites in the anti-atlas, morocco, are a rare and well-preserved non-marine deposit that evolved in an alkaline volcanic lake setting during the ediacaran period.A multiproxy geochemical toolbox reveals evidence pointing to spatio-temporal ecosystem organization and succession related to changing lake water chemistry.This is marked by secular transition from a cold/dry climate, hypersaline alkaline thermophilic and anoxic-oxic community, to a stable state warm/wet climate fully oxygenated fresh to brackish water ecosystem, predominated by oxygenic stromatolites.Extreme dissolved arsenic concentrations suggest that these polyextremophiles required robust detoxification mechanisms to circumvent arsenic toxicity and phosphate deficiency.We propose that self-sustaining and versatile anoxic to oxic microbial ecosystems thrived in aquatic continental settings during the ediacaran period, when complex life co-evolved with a rise in atmospheric oxygen content.

Journal: Scientific reports (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Upper extremity nerve transfers for acute flaccid myelitis: a systematic literature review.

Acute flaccid myelitis (afm) is a rare disease that commonly affects young children.Afm's pathophysiology involves loss of lower motor neurons following a viral infection and induces acute asymmetric flaccid paralysis most commonly in the upper extremities.Nerve transfers have emerged as a treatment option for these patients with permanent motor deficits.Objective to summarize the literature and report safety and efficacy outcomes following nerve transfers for recovery of shoulder abduction and external rotation, and elbow flexion and extension in pediatric patients with afm.Recovery of at least antigravity function was defined as a successful outcome.This systematic review was performed according to the prisma guidelines.The pub med, embase and cochrane databases were utilized.Results five studies comprising 44 patients (median age 2.95 years; 71% male), and 93 upper extremity nerve transfers were included.Thirty-eight patients received 65 nerve transfer procedures aiming for recovery of shoulder abduction and/or external rotation with a transfer to the axillary and/or suprascapular nerve.The recovery of shoulder abduction and external rotation was achieved in 40.7% (n = 11/27) and 60% (n = 6/10) of patients, respectively.Time from injury to surgery showed an inverse relationship with the odds for successful recovery (or: 0.81; 95% ci: 0.64-1.02; p = 0.07); however, statistical significance was not reached.Successful recovery of elbow flexion with a transfer to the musculocutaneous was reported at a rate of 92.3% (n = 12/13).Successful re-innervation of the radial nerve with recovery of elbow extension was found in 75% (n = 6/8) of patients.No complications were reported.Conclusions upper extremity nerve transfers appear to be promising and safe for afm patients.Shoulder abduction is the most challenging upper extremity function to recover.Further studies are warranted to identify whether nerve transfers are associated with superior outcomes when performed earlier.

Journal: Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Systematic Review
Patient-Specific Patch for an Intra-Atrial Rerouting Procedure Developed Through Surgical Simulation.

In pediatric cardiac surgery, an application of three-dimensional (3d) modeling to develop custom-made prostheses is limited, and currently surgeons use their intraoperative visual estimation to develop 3d complex structures from 2d patch materials.Contemporary 3d designers are developing complex surfaces using surface modeling in other industries, which can be applied to pediatric cardiac surgery.However, its free-form nature may lead to intradesigner variability.Methods a patient with a body weight of 4 kg with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection and preoperative computed tomography data was selected, and a patient-specific 3d heart model was obtained.Through collaboration with a pediatric cardiologist and a pediatric cardiac surgeon, a 3d designer developed two patient-specific 3d patches for an intra-atrial rerouting procedure (iar) for the patient using different methods of surface modeling.The shape and size of two flattened patches were analyzed using a geometric morphometrics (gm) approach.Computational fluid dynamics (cfd) analysis was also performed to calculate pressure drop across streamlines and flow energy loss in the right atrium for both patches.Results the gm analysis showed that the size and shape of the two patches around the systemic vein orifice, crucial to prevent systemic venous obstruction, were almost equivalent.However, the cfd analysis showed that the pressure drop and flow energy loss were almost twice for one patch compared with the other.Conclusions our platform of developing a patient-specific 3d patch for an iar procedure using surface modeling seemed promising, although intradesigner patch variability was not neglectable in our small-sized patient.

Journal: World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Evaluating the antimicrobial use on dairy farms in Chiba Prefecture in Japan using the antimicrobial treatment incidence, an indicator based on Japanese defined daily doses from 2014-2016.

The use of antimicrobial agents in food-producing animals may lead to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin.However, there is a paucity of data on the quantity of antimicrobials use on dairy farms in japan.This study describes antimicrobial use on dairy farms from 1 january 2014 to 31 december 2016 in five administrative districts (central, eastern, western, southern and northern) of chiba prefecture.The use of antimicrobial agents in dairy cattle over these three years was evaluated in terms of the antimicrobial treatment incidence (ati; theoretical number of animals per 1,000 animal-days subjected to antimicrobial treatment) using data collected from a total of 442 dairy farms in that prefecture.Our results revealed that the average ati on these farms for these years ranged from 38.7 to 39.4 with no significant difference between years and that the average ati for these administrative districts varied between 32.9 and 43.2 with a significant variation between some of the districts.Approximately 84% of antimicrobials were administered intramammarily, 13-14% by injection and 1-2% orally.Scenario analyses were performed to assess the effect of changes in some of the defined daily dose (dddjp) values used to calculate the ati.Our results revealed that the calculated ati is considerably affected by the changes in the long-acting factor used for assigning the dddjp values of intramammary products for dry cows and the way in which ddd values are assigned for combination products.

Journal: The Journal of veterinary medical science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Comparative Study of Preparation, Evaluation, and Pharmacokinetics in Beagle Dogs of Curcumin β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex, Curcumin Solid Dispersion, and Curcumin Phospholipid Complex.

Curcumin is a natural acidic polyphenol extracted from turmeric with a wide range of biological and pharmacological effects.However, the application of curcumin for animal production and human life is limited by a low oral bioavailability.In this study, natural curcumin was prepared for the curcumin β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (cur-β-cd), curcumin solid dispersion (cur-peg-6000), and curcumin phospholipid complex (cur-hspc) using co-precipitation, melting, and solvent methods, respectively.Curcumin complex formations were monitored using scanning electron microscopy (sem), x-ray diffraction (xrd), and fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) techniques via the shifts in the microscopic structure, molecular structure, and crystalline state.Subsequently, twenty-four female beagle dogs were randomly divided into four groups to receive unmodified curcumin and three other curcumin preparations.The validated uplc-ms assay was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies of curcumin in beagle dog plasma, which were collected after dosing at 0 min (predose), 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 40 min, 50 min, 1.5 h, 3 h, 4.5 h, 5.5 h, 6 h, 6.5 h, 9 h, and 24 h.The relative bioavailabilities of cur-β-cd, cur-peg-6000, and cur-hspc were 231.94%, 272.37%, and 196.42%, respectively.This confirmed that cur-β-cd, cur-hspc, and especially cur-peg-6000 could effectively improve the bioavailability of curcumin.

Journal: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article