syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic-prescribing and antibiotic-resistance patterns among elderly citizens residing in two Nordic regions.

The objective of this study was to compare antibiotic-prescribing rates in 2016 and antibiotic-resistance rates in 2017 among citizens aged ≥85 years between the capital region in denmark and the skåne region in sweden, with regards to overall antibiotic use and antibiotics of choice for urinary tract infections (utis) and skin and soft tissue infections (sstis).methods:inhabitants ≥85 year old on the date of prescription during 2016 and residing in the capital region or the skåne region were included for antibiotic-prescription analyses.Samples from 2017 from residents of the same regions who were ≥85 years old were included for antibiotic-resistance analyses.Antimicrobial use was determined according to the drugs of choice for utis and sstis in denmark and sweden.Studentst-tests were used to compare antibiotic prescribing while a chi-squared test was performed to compare antibiotic resistance.results:there was a significantly higher overall prescription rate among citizens ≥85 years in the capital region than in the skåne region.The same pattern was evident for the antibiotics of choice for utis and sstis except for clindamycin.Antibiotic resistance against all antibiotics included was more prominent in the capital region than in the skåne region.conclusion:considerable variation in antibiotic prescribing and resistance exists among elderly citizens between these two adjacent nordic regions.Information and reflection on current practices and resistance patterns may direct attention towards antimicrobial stewardship as a higher priority and may help inform and motivate prescribing behaviours.

Journal: Infectious diseases (London, England) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Personality, self-esteem, familiarity, and mental health stigmatization: a cross-sectional vignette-based study.

There has been little research exploring the relationship between personality traits, self-esteem, and stigmatizing attitudes toward those with mental disorders.Furthermore, the mechanisms through which the beholder's personality influence mental illness stigma have not been tested.The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between big five personality traits, self-esteem, familiarity, being a healthcare professional, and stigmatization.Moreover, this study aims to explore the mediating effect of perceived dangerousness on the relationship between personality traits and desire for social distance.We conducted a vignette-based representative population survey (n = 2207) in the canton of basel-stadt, switzerland.Multiple regression analyses were employed to examine the associations between personality traits, self-esteem, familiarity, and being a healthcare professional with the desire for social distance and perceived dangerousness.The mediation analyses were performed using the process macro by hayes.Analyses showed associations between personality traits and stigmatization towards mental illness.Those who scored higher on openness to experience (β = - 0.13, p < 0.001), (β = - 0.14, p < 0.001), and those who scored higher on agreeableness (β = - 0.15, p < 0.001), (β = - 0.12, p < 0.001) showed a lower desire for social distance and lower perceived dangerousness, respectively.Neuroticism (β = - 0.06, p = 0.012) was inversely associated with perceived dangerousness.Additionally, high self-esteem was associated with increased stigmatization.Personal contact or familiarity with people having mental disorders was associated with decreased stigmatization.Contrarily, healthcare professionals showed higher perceived dangerousness (β = 0.04, p = 0.040).Finally, perceived dangerousness partially mediated the association between openness to experience (indirect effect = - .57, 95% ci [- .71, - 0.43]) as well as agreeableness (indirect effect = - 0.57, 95% ci [- 0.74, - 0.39]) and desire for social distance.Although the explained variance in all analyses is < 10%, the current findings highlight the role of personality traits and self-esteem in areas of stigma.Therefore, future stigma research and anti-stigma campaigns should take individual differences into consideration.Moreover, the current study suggests that perceived dangerousness mediates the relationship between personality traits and desire for social distance.Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms of such relationship.Finally, our results once more underline the necessity of increasing familiarity with mentally ill people and of improving the attitude of healthcare professionals towards persons with mental disorders.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Comparison of the United- and All-Atom Representations of (Halo)alkanes Based on Two Condensed-Phase Force Fields Optimized against the Same Experimental Data Set.

The level of accuracy that can be achieved by a force field is influenced by choices made in the interaction-function representation and in the relevant simulation parameters.These choices, referred to here as functional-form variants (ffvs), include for example the model resolution, the charge-derivation procedure, the van der waals combination rules, the cutoff distance, and the treatment of the long-range interactions.Ideally, assessing the effect of a given ffv on the intrinsic accuracy of the force-field representation requires that only the specific ffv is changed and that this change is performed at an optimal level of parametrization, a requirement that may prove extremely challenging to achieve in practice.Here, we present a first attempt at such a comparison for one specific ffv, namely the choice of a united-atom (ua) versus an all-atom (aa) resolution in a force field for saturated acyclic (halo)alkanes.Two force-field versions (ua vs aa) are optimized in an automated way using the combi ff approach against 961 experimental values for the pure-liquid densities ρliqand vaporization enthalpies δhvapof 591 compounds.For the aa force field, the torsional and third-neighbor lennard-jones parameters are also refined based on quantum-mechanical rotational-energy profiles.The comparison between the ua and aa resolutions is also extended to properties that have not been included as parameterization targets, namely the surface-tension coefficient γ, the isothermal compressibility κt, the isobaric thermal-expansion coefficient αp, the isobaric heat capacityc p, the static relative dielectric permittivity ε, the self-diffusion coefficient d, the shear viscosity η, the hydration free energy δgwat, and the free energy of solvation δgchein cyclohexane.For the target properties ρliqand δhvap, the ua and aa resolutions reach very similar levels of accuracy after optimization.For the nine other properties, the aa representation leads to more accurate results in terms of η; comparably accurate results in terms of γ, κt, αp, ε,d, and δgche; and less accurate results in terms ofc pand δgwat.This work also represents a first step toward the calibration of a gromos-compatible force field at the aa resolution.

Journal: Journal of chemical theory and computation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Magnetism-mediated targeting hyperthermia-immunotherapy in "cold" tumor with CSF1R inhibitor.

Immunotherapy has profoundly changed the landscape of cancer management and represented the most significant breakthrough.Yet, it is a formidable challenge that the majority of cancers - the so-called "cold" tumors - poorly respond to immunotherapy.To find a general immunoregulatory modality that can be applied to a broad spectrum of cancers is an urgent need.methods:magnetic hyperthermia (mht) possesses promise in cancer therapy.We develop a safe and effective therapeutic strategy by using magnetism-mediated targeting mht-immunotherapy in "cold" colon cancer.A magnetic liposomal system modified with cell-penetrating tat peptide was developed for targeted delivery of a csf1r inhibitor (blz945), which can block the csf1-csf1r pathway and reduce m2 macrophages.The targeted delivery strategy is characterized by its magnetic navigation and tat-promoting intratumoral penetration.results:the liposomes (termed tat-blzmlips) can induce icd and cause excessive crt exposure on the cell surface, which transmits an "eat-me" signal to dcs to elicit immunity.The combination of mht and blz945 can repolarize m2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment to relieve immunosuppression, normalize the tumor blood vessels, and promote t-lymphocyte infiltration.The antitumor effector cd8+t cells were increased after treatment.conclusion:this work demonstrated that tat-blzmlips with magnetic navigation and mht can remodel tumor microenvironment and activate immune responses and memory, thus inhibiting tumor growth and recurrence.

Journal: Theranostics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Denitrification strategy of Pantoea sp. MFG10 coupled with microbial dissimilatory manganese reduction: Deciphering the physiological response based on extracellular secretion.

In this study, the manganese (mn) reduction-coupled denitrification strategy of dissimilatory mn reducing bacteria was insightfully investigated.Different parameters (mn o2level, p h, and temperature) were optimized by kinetic fitting to improve denitrification and mn reduction effects.The 300 mg l-1mn o2addition achieved 98.72% no3--n removal in 12 h, which was 54.62% higher than blank group without mn o2.Scale-up studies showed that the metabolic activity of the bacteria was effectively enhanced by the addition of mn o2.Besides the deepening of humification in the system, tryptophan-like protein and polysaccharide as potential electron donor precursors revealed remarkable contributions to the extracellular secretion-dependent denitrification process of dmrb.The effect of eps on mn reduction depends mainly on the capture of mn o2by the lb-eps layer versus its dissolution in the tb-eps layer.Ultimately, the eps possess a dual effect of accelerated denitrification and mn reduction efficiency due to the enhanced eet process.

Journal: Bioresource technology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Incidence of Staphylococcus aureus Infections After Elective Surgeries in US Hospitals.

Although staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of postsurgical infections, national estimates of these infections after elective surgeries based on microbiology data are limited.This study assessed cumulative 180-day postsurgical s.Aureus incidence in real-world hospital settings.Methods a retrospective study of adults (≥18 years) undergoing inpatient or hospital-based outpatient elective surgeries from 1/7/2010-30/6/2015 at hospitals (n = 181) reporting microbiology results in the premier healthcare database (phd).86 surgical categories were identified from the national healthcare safety network procedures.We classified positive s.Aureus cultures using a hierarchy (bloodstream [bsi], surgical site [ssi], and all other types [urinary tract, respiratory, other/unknown site]) and calculated incidence (number of infections divided by the number of elective surgery discharges).We estimated national infection case volumes by multiplying incidence by national inpatient elective surgical discharge estimates using the entire phd and weights based on hospital characteristics.Results following 884 803 inpatient elective surgical discharges, 180-day s.Aureus infection incidence was 1.35% (0.30% bsi, 0.74% ssi no bsi, 0.32% all other types only).Among 1 116 994 hospital-based outpatient elective surgical discharges, 180-day s.Aureus incidence was 1.19% (0.25% bsi, 0.75% ssi no bsi, 0.19% all other types only).Methicillin resistance was observed in ~45% of the s.Aureus infections.We estimated 55 764 s.Aureus postsurgical infections occurred annually in the us following 4.2 million elective inpatient surgical discharges.Conclusions the high burden of s.Aureus infections after both inpatient and outpatient elective surgeries highlights the continued need for surveillance and novel infection prevention efforts.

Journal: Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
iEEGview: an open-source multifunction GUI-based Matlab toolbox for localization and visualization of human intracranial electrodes.

The precise localization of intracranial electrodes is a fundamental step relevant to the analysis of intracranial electroencephalography (i eeg) recordings in various fields.With the increasing development of i eeg studies in human neuroscience, higher requirements have been posed on the localization process, resulting in urgent demand for more integrated, easy-operation and versatile tools for electrode localization and visualization.With the aim of addressing this need, we develop an easy-to-use and multifunction toolbox called i eegview, which can be used for the localization and visualization of human intracranial electrodes.Approach i eegview is written in matlab scripts and implemented with a gui.From the gui, by taking only pre-implant mri and post-implant ct images as input, users can directly run the full localization pipeline including brain segmentation, image co-registration, electrode reconstruction, anatomical information identification, activation map generation and electrode projection from native brain space into common brain space for group analysis.Additionally, i eegview implements methods for brain shift correction, visual location inspection on mri slices and computation of certainty index in anatomical label assignment.Main results all the introduced functions of i eegview work reliably and successfully, and are tested by images from 28 human subjects implanted with depth and/or subdural electrodes.Significance i eegview is the first public matlab gui-based software for intracranial electrode localization and visualization that holds integrated capabilities together within one pipeline.I eegview promotes convenience and efficiency for the localization process, provides rich localization information for further analysis and offers solutions for addressing raised technical challenges.Therefore, it can serve as a useful tool in facilitating i eeg studies.

Journal: Journal of neural engineering (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Delayed Infection 34 Months After IntraSPINE®Dynamic Internal Insertion.

Introduction postoperative surgical site infection remains one of the major complications after spinal surgery.Intra spine®(intraspine) is a dynamic intralaminar device introduced by cousin biotech and is indicated for the surgical treatment of lumbar spine disorders.There are no reports on delayed surgical site infection (ssi) after lumbar surgery using this device.Case presentation a 29-year-old male patient was admitted to our department with complaints of moderate pain and chronic subcutaneous abscess with purulent flow from his old surgical scar.Thirty-four months ago, he underwent a traditional open bilateral l4 laminotomy without discectomy and intraspine insertion for the treatment of l4-5 central lumbar spinal stenosis at another hospital.The patient was discharged 4 days after surgery without radiating pain, and the surgical wound was well healed.He gradually returned to his normal activity and work.However, he experienced moderate pain, redness and swelling of his old surgical scar approximately one month before coming to our hospital, but he did not receive any treatment.One month later, he had a mass with purulent discharge at the surgical scar site, and he visited our hospital on december 29th, 2020.Based on the physical examination and mri findings, delayed -ssi was diagnosed.The patient underwent removal of the intraspine device, debridement and wound closure with closed drainage.The wound healed satisfactorily, and the patient had no complaints more than 2 years later.Conclusion a delayed surgical site infection following intraspine insertion may have occurred.

Journal: International medical case reports journal (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
MXene/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids: Synthesis, Structures, Properties, and Applications.

Since the successful preparation of few-layer transition metal carbides from three-dimensional max phases in 2011, mxenes (known as a family of layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have been intensively studied.Though mxenes have been adopted as active materials in many applications, issues including aggregation and restacking are likely to hamper their potential applications.In order to address these prevailing challenges, the concept of mxene/carbon nanotube (cnt) hybrids was proposed initially in 2015, where cnts were incorporated as the spacers and conductive additives.Ever since, mxene/cnt hybrids with different architectures have been synthesized by a number of methods and applied in numerous fields.Herein, after the discussion about general synthesis approaches, architectures, and properties of the hybrids, this review summarized the recent advances in the application of mxene/cnt hybrids in energy storage devices, sensors, electrocatalysis, electromagnetic interference shielding, and water treatment, in which the function of individual components was clarified.In the end, the current research trend in this field were discussed and several technical issues were highlighted along with some suggestions on future research directions.

Journal: ChemSusChem (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Interaction of Mannose-Binding Lectin With Lipopolysaccharide Outer Core Region and Its Biological Consequences.

Lipopolysaccharide (lps, endotoxin), the main surface antigen and virulence factor of gram-negative bacteria, is composed of lipid a, core oligosaccharide, and o-specific polysaccharide (o-ps) regions.Each lps region is capable of complement activation.We have demonstrated that lps of hafnia alvei, an opportunistic human pathogen, reacts strongly with human and murine mannose-binding lectins (mbls).Moreover, mbl-lps interactions were detected for the majority of other gram-negative species investigated.h.Alveiwas used as a model pathogen to investigate the biological consequences of these interactions.The core oligosaccharide region of h.Alvei lps was identified as the main target for human and murine mbl, especially l-glycero-d-manno-heptose (hep) and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine (glc nac) residues within the outer core region.Mbl-binding motifs of lps are accessible to mbl on the surface of bacterial cells and lps aggregates.Generally, the accessibility of outer core structures for interaction with mbl is highest during the lag phase of bacterial growth.The lps core oligosaccharide-mbl interactions led to complement activation and also induced an anaphylactoid shock in mice.Unlike klebsiella pneumoniae o3 lps, robust lectin pathway activation of h.Alvei lpsin vivowas mainly the result of outer core recognition by mbl; involvement of the o-ps is not necessary for anaphylactoid shock induction.Our results contribute to a better understanding of mbl-lps interaction and may support development of therapeutic strategies against sepsis based on complement inhibition.

Journal: Frontiers in immunology (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Heparin detection based on the fluorescent turn-on probe of amino carbon quantum dots.

Amino-rich carbon quantum dots (cds) were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of ethylene glycol, glucose and polyethyleneimine.Cds have green fluorescence (excitation/emission peaks 435 nm/515 nm) and can be enhanced by the addition of heparin (hep).A linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and heparin concentration was observed.The fluorescence turn-on probe used for hep detection showed a very large detection range of 0.02-16 μm, covering different therapeutic ranges in clinical applications.The probe exhibited an ultra-low detection limit of 0.007 n m.

Journal: Carbohydrate research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Upregulated PPARG2 facilitates interaction with demethylated AKAP12 gene promoter and suppresses proliferation in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (pca) is one of the most common male genitourinary tumors.However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the occurrence and progression of pca have not been fully clarified.The present study aimed to investigate the biological function and molecular mechanism of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 (pparg2) in pca.Our results revealed that pparg2 was downregulated in pca, and overexpression of pparg2 inhibited cell migration, colony formation, invasion and induced cell cycle arrest of pca cells in vitro.In addition, pparg2 overexpression modulated the activation of the akt signaling pathway, as well as inhibited tumor growth in vivo.Moreover, mechanistic analysis revealed that pparg2 overexpression induced increased expression level of mi r-200b-3p, which targeted 3' utr of the downstream targets dnmt3a/3b, and facilitated interaction with demethylated akap12 gene promoter and suppressed cell proliferation in pca.Our findings provided the first evidence for a novel pparg2-akap12 axis mediated epigenetic regulatory network.The study identified a molecular mechanism involving an epigenetic modification that could be possibly targeted as an antitumoral strategy against prostate cancer.

Journal: Cell death & disease (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
When intelligence hurts and ignorance is bliss: Global pandemic as an evolutionarily novel threat to happiness.

Introduction the savanna theory of happiness posits that it is not only the current consequences of a given situation that affect happiness but also its ancestral consequences, and that the effect of ancestral consequences on happiness is stronger among less intelligent individuals.But what about situations that did not exist in the ancestral environment and thus have no ancestral consequences?Global pandemic is one such situation that has no ancestral analog, and the theory predicts such evolutionarily novel threats to have a negative effect disproportionately on the life satisfaction of more intelligent individuals.Methods we analyzed prospectively longitudinal data from population samples from the national child development study (study 1) and the british cohort study (study 2).Results consistent with the theoretical prediction, while more intelligent individuals were generally more satisfied with their lives than less intelligent individuals were throughout adulthood (albeit not because they were more intelligent but because they earned more money, were more likely to be married, and healthier), more intelligent individuals were less satisfied with their lives during the covid-19 global pandemic because they were more intelligent.Conclusion higher intelligence may have a downside in the modern world, by allowing life satisfaction to be more vulnerable from being better able to comprehend the severity of problems that did not exist in the ancestral world.

Journal: Journal of personality (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article