syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Resistance to Cypermethrin Is Widespread in Cattle Ticks (Rhipicephalus microplus) in the Province of Punjab, Pakistan: In Vitro Diagnosis of Acaricide Resistance.

Control of the cattle tick rhipicephalus(r.)microplusmainly relies on chemical acaricides and cypermethrin is the most widely used acaricide in pakistan.Farmers frequently complain about its low efficacy, thus, the present study was designed to quantify the frequency of cypermethrin resistance in cattle ticks.Engorged female r.Micropluswere collected and tested for the efficacy of cypermethrin using the fao-recommended larval packet test.Resistance factors (rf) were estimated at both the lethal concentration for 50% (lc50) and 99% (lc99) of ticks.Thirty-three samples were tested, of which 8/33 (24.24%) were classified as resistant based on the rf50, and all 33 were classified as resistant based on the rf99.In district sargodha, when only the rf50was considered, 45.5% of samples were classified as resistant, but at rf99, all tested samples were identified as resistant.In district okara, the variation in rf50estimates was 2.2-8.3 and variation in rf99estimates was 10.6-1139.8.Similar results were found in district attock, where variations in rf50were 0.8-8.5 and rf99ranged from 9-237.3.The study showed that cypermethrin resistance is prevalent in these three districts of pakistan and is likely to be overestimated by classification based on the rf99.

Journal: Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Is clinical expertise a conflict of interest in research?

Doctors who research and provide abortion care have had their work characterized as a conflict of interest.We investigated whether surgeons who perform medical procedures other than abortion also routinely conduct research on that procedure and whether they disclose this as a relevant "conflict of interest." method we conducted a two-step literature review of five medical procedures-abortion, rhinoplasty, mohs micrographic surgery, transurethral resection of the prostate, and laminectomy.We identified articles published between june 2011 and may 2012, and we calculated the proportion of articles authored by clinicians who also perform that procedure as well as the percentage that reported clinical care as a conflict of interest.We then screened conflict of interest statements on publications on said procedures from the same journals between 2012 and 2019 and calculated the proportion of publications that reported clinical work as a conflict of interest.Results we identified 135 publications that met inclusion criteria.We calculated that 100% of publications on rhinoplasty, transurethral resection of the prostate, and mohs included a clinician who performs that procedure.Seventy-five percent of publications on laminectomy and 78% of publications on abortion included a clinician.None of the reviewed research articles included a disclosure that the authors also performed the procedure.From 2012 to 2019, there were 1,903 published articles on these procedures.None included a conflict of interest that disclosed clinical work as a conflict of interest.Conclusion although abortion providers publish as clinician-researchers at rates similar to surgeons in other areas of medicine, they alone face accusations that their clinical expertise is a potential conflict of interest.This stigmatizing practice could have wide-ranging consequences including delegitimization of the scientific method and peer review process broadly.

Journal: Women's health (London, England) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Enhanced fluorescence/magnetic resonance dual imaging and gene therapy of liver cancer using cationized amylose nanoprobe.

Recently, various technologies for targeted gene release in cancer treatment have emerged.However, most of these strategies are facing the challenge of untraceable distribution and poor antitumour treatment effects.In this study, we constructed a gene delivery system that integrated a series of components to assemble multifunctional nps, providing a promising theranostic nanoplatform for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) therapy.Cationized amylose (ca), superparamagnetic iron oxide (spio) nanoparticles (nps), and tetraphenylethylene (tpe) were self-assembled to form nanospheres (csp/tpe).The prepared nps was modified with sp94 pepide through amidation reaction, and then survivin small interfering rna (si rna) were loaded into the nps to form csp/tpe@si rna-sp94 nps.Our results showed that the prepared nps had good size distribution, high rna condensation and transfection ability.Csp/tpe@si rna-sp94 nps exhibited excellent fluorescence and magnetic resonance (mr) imaging propertiesin vitroandin vivo.The prepared targeted nps improved huh-7 cellular uptakein vitro, and the biodistribution of csp/tpe@si rna-sp94in vivowas observed throughin/ex vivofluorescence imaging system and mri.As survivin si rna effectively retained in tumour cells, csp/tpe@si rna-sp94 nps considerably inhibited tumour growthin vivo.In addition, h&e staining results showed that all the prepared csp-based nps had good biocompatibilities, as few histological changes or tumour metastasis were observed in major organs of the mice in the treatment group.Therefore, we envisage that the prepared csp/tpe@si rna-sp94 nps can represent a promising strategy for hcc diagnosis and treatment.

Journal: Materials today. Bio (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Blockade of TGF-β (Transforming Growth Factor Beta) Signaling by Deletion ofTgfbr2in Smooth Muscle Cells of 11-Month-Old Mice Alters Aortic Structure and Causes Vasomotor Dysfunction-Brief Report.

To test the hypothesis that smooth muscle cell (smc) tgf-β (transforming growth factor beta) signaling contributes to maintenance of aortic structure and function beyond the early postnatal period.Methods we deleted the tbr2 (type 2 tgf-β receptor) in smc of 11-month-old mice (genotype acta2-cre ert2+/0tgfbr2f/f, termed tbr2smδ) and compared their ascending aorta structure and vasomotor function to controls (acta2-cre ert20/0tgfbr2f/f, termed tbr2f/f).Results we confirmed loss of aortic smc tbr2 by immunoblotting.Four weeks after smc tbr2 loss, tbr2smδmice did not have aortic rupture, ulceration, dissection, dilation, or evidence of medial hemorrhage.However, aortic medial area of tbr2smδmice was increased by 27% (0.14±0.01 versus 0.11±0.01 mm2;p=0.01) and medial thickness was increased by 23% (40±1.9 versus 33±1.3 μm;p=0.004) compared with littermate controls.Wire myography performed on ascending aortic rings showed hypercontractility of tbr2smδaortas to phenylephrine (emax, 15.9±1.2 versus 10.8±0.7 m n;p=0.0003) and reduced relaxation and sensitivity to acetylcholine (emax, 64±14% versus 96±2%;p=0.001; -log ec50, 6.9±0.1 versus 7.7±0.1;p=0.0001).Neither maximal relaxation nor sensitivity to sodium nitroprusside differed (emax, 102±0.3% versus 101±0.3%; -log ec50, 8.0±0.04 versus 7.9±0.08;p>0.4 for both).Conclusions loss of tgf-β signaling in aortic smc of 1-year-old mice does not cause early severe aortopathy or death; however, it causes mild structural and substantial physiological abnormalities.Smc tgf-β signaling plays an important role in maintaining aortic homeostasis in older mice.This role should be considered in the design of clinical studies that aim to prevent aortopathy by blocking smc tgf-β signaling.

Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Three-Dimensional versus Two-Dimensional Evaluations of Cranial Asymmetry in Deformational Plagiocephaly Using a Three-Dimensional Scanner.

This study aimed to assess the measurement precision of a three-dimensional (3d) scanner that detects the geometric shape as surface data and to investigate the differences between two-dimensional (2d) and 3d evaluations in infants with deformational plagiocephaly.Using the 3d scanner that can perform both 2d and 3d evaluations, we calculated cranial asymmetry (ca) for the 2d evaluation, and the anterior symmetry ratio (asr) and posterior symmetry ratio (psr) for the 3d evaluation.Intra- and inter-examiner precision analyses revealed that the coefficients of the variation measurements were extremely low (<1%) for all variables, except ca (5%).In 530 infants, the coincidence rate of ca severity by the 2d evaluation and the 3d evaluation was 83.4%.A disagreement on severity was found between 2d and 3d evaluations in 88 infants (16.6%): 68 infants (12.8%) were assessed as severe by 2d evaluation and mild by the 3d evaluation, while 20 infants (3.8%) were evaluated as mild by 2d and severe by 3d evaluation.Overall, the 2d evaluation identified more infants as severe than the 3d evaluation.The 3d evaluation proved more precise than the 2d evaluation.We found that approximately one in six infants differed in severity between 2d and 3d evaluations.

Journal: Children (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Reduced hydroxymethylation characterizes medulloblastoma while TET and IDH genes are differentially expressed within molecular subgroups.

Introduction medulloblastoma (mb) is an embryonal tumour that originates from genetic deregulation of cerebellar developmental pathways and is classified into 4 molecular subgroups: shh, wnt, group 3, and group 4.Hydroxymethylation levels progressively increases during cerebellum development suggesting a possibility of deregulation in mb pathogenesis.The aim of this study was to investigate global hydroxymethylation levels and changes in tet and idh gene expression in mb samples compared to control cerebellum samples.Methods the methods utilized were q rt-pcr for gene expression, dot-blot and immunohistochemistry for global hydroxymethylation levels and sequencing for the investigation of idh mutations.Results our results show that global hydroxymethylation level was decreased in mb, and low 5hm c level was associated with the presence of metastasis.Tet1 expression levels were decreased in the wnt subgroup, while tet3 expression levels were decreased in the shh subgroup.Reduced tet3 expression levels were associated with the presence of events such as relapse and death.Higher expression of idh1 was observed in mb group 3 samples, whereas no mutations were detected in exon 4 of idh1 and idh2.Conclusion these findings suggest that reduction of global hydroxymethylation levels, an epigenetic event, may be important for mb development and/or maintenance, representing a possible target in this tumour and indicating a possible interaction of tet and idh genes with the developmental pathways specifically activated in the mb subgroups.These genes could be specific targets and markers for each subgroup.

Journal: Journal of neuro-oncology (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Maturation of Platelet Function During Murine Fetal Development In Vivo.

Platelet function has been intensively studied in the adult organism.However, little is known about the function and hemostatic capacity of platelets in the developing fetus as suitable in vivo models are lacking.Approach and results to examine fetal platelet function in vivo, we generated a fetal thrombosis model and investigated light/dye-induced thrombus formation by intravital microscopy throughout gestation.We observed that significantly less and unstable thrombi were formed at embryonic day (e) 13.5 compared with e17.5.Flow cytometry revealed significantly lower platelet counts in e13.5 versus e17.5 fetuses versus adult controls.In addition, fetal platelets demonstrated changed activation responses of surface adhesion molecules and reduced p-selectin content and mobilization.Interestingly, we also measured reduced levels of the integrin-activating proteins kindlin-3, talin-1, and rap1 during fetal development.Consistently, fetal platelets demonstrated diminished spreading capacity compared with adults.Transfusion of adult platelets into the fetal circulation led to rapid platelet aggregate formation even in young fetuses.Yet, retrospective data analysis of a neonatal cohort demonstrated no correlation of platelet transfusion with closure of a persistent ductus arteriosus, a process reported to be platelet dependent.Conclusions taken together, we demonstrate an ontogenetic regulation of platelet function in vivo with physiologically low platelet numbers and hyporeactivity early during fetal development shedding new light on hemostatic function during fetal life.

Journal: Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology (2017)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article;Video-Audio Media;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
IL-13 antagonists in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (ad) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease.Il-13 contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of ad in several ways, and beneficial results have been demonstrated with anti-il-13 therapies.Currently, the only monoclonal antibody (m ab) approved for ad treatment is dupilumab, an antagonist of the il-4 receptor alpha (il-4rα) subunit common to il-4 and il-13 receptors, but clinical trials evaluating anti-il-13 m abs are providing promising results.The topics of this review will be m abs targeting il-13 for the treatment of ad such as dupilumab, tralokinumab and lebrikizumab, small molecules targeting the il-13 pathway, and a brief explanation of therapies targeting il-13 for the treatment of other skin diseases.

Journal: Immunotherapy (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
'Root of all success': Plasticity in root architecture of invasive wild radish for adaptive benefit.

Successful plant establishment in a particular environment depends on the root architecture of the seedlings and the extent of edaphic resource utilization.However, diverse habitats often pose a predicament on the suitability of the fundamental root structure of a species that evolved over a long period.We hypothesized that the plasticity in the genetically controlled root architecture in variable habitats provides an adaptive advantage to worldwide-distributed wild radish (raphanus raphanistrum,rr) over its close relative (r.Pugioniformis,rp) that remained endemic to the east mediterranean region.To test the hypothesis, we performed a reciprocal comparative analysis between the two species, growing in a common garden experiment on their native soils (hamra/sandy for rr, terra rossa for rp) and complementary controlled experiments mimicking the major soil compositions.Additionally, we analyzed the root growth kineticsviasemi-automated digital profiling and compared the architecture between rrand rp.In both experiments, the primary roots of rrwere significantly longer, developed fewer lateral roots, and showed slower growth kinetics than rp.Multivariate analyses of seven significant root architecture variables revealed that rrcould successfully adapt to different surrogate growth conditions by only modulating their main root length and number of lateral roots.In contrast,rpneeds to modify several other root parameters, which are very resource-intensive, to grow on non-native soil.Altogether the findings suggest an evo-devo adaptive advantage for rras it can potentially establish in various habitats with the minimal tweak of key root parameters, hence allocating resources for other developmental requirements.

Journal: Frontiers in plant science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Recent advances in therapeutic options for rare hemostatic disorders: selected poster extracts of recent research in hemophilia A, congenital hemophilia with inhibitors, von Willebrand disease, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura presented at the 29th congress of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH 2021, Jul 17-21; virtual congress).

Hemophilia, von willebrand disease (vwd), and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp) are rare diseases affecting normal hemostasis.Although they differ in their pathogenesis and clinical manifestation, if left undiagnosed and untreated, all these conditions can result in severe long-term consequences and can be potentially life-threatening.This article summarizes a poster series funded by takeda and presented virtually at the 29th annual congress of the international society on thrombosis and haemostasis (isth) in 2021: data from real-world evidence highlight the importance of joint health and personalized prophylaxis to prevent bleeding for patients with hemophilia, the need to further raise disease awareness in support of timely diagnosis and access to treatment in general practice settings for patients with vwd, and describe the clinical burden for patients with ttp and the importance to advance treatment options for these patients.

Journal: Expert review of hematology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Value of red cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio as a predictor for morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care unit.

Scoring neonatal acute physiology is significant for improving the survival rate of neonates in neonatal intensive care units (nicu).Red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio (rpr) has been used to evaluate physiology of multiple diseases.However, the value of rpr as a predictor for morbidity and mortality in nicu remains unclear.The score for neonatal acute physiology and perinatal extension ii (snape-ii) was used to evaluate the physiology and separate neonates into mild (n = 45), moderate (n = 45) and severe (n = 45) groups.White blood cell count (wbc), procalcitonin (pct) and c-reactive protein (crp) in cord blood were examine.Spearman's correlation and receiver operating characteristic analysis were performed to demonstrated the correlations of these indicators.There was a positive correlation between the snape-ii scores and rpr in neonates in nicu.The wbc, pct and crp levels increased with the upregulation of snape-ii scores in neonates in nicu and there were positive correlations between rpr and wbc, pct and crp, respectively.Rpr could be used as a supplementary predictor for the evaluation of neonatal morbidity and mortality in nicu beside snape-ii.

Journal: Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Genomic Structure ofArcobacter skirrowiiIsolates.

Campylobacterspp.Are considered the most common bacterial cause of foodborne gastroenteritis in the world.The family campylobacteraceaeincludes the genus arcobacterwith the three species arcobacter butzleri,arcobacter cryaerophilus, and arcobacter skirrowiias emergent enteropathogens and potential zoonotic agents.Here, we characterized genome sequences of arcobacterthat were isolated from water poultry on farms in germany.Isolates were cultured, identified by maldi-tof ms and identification was verified with pcr assays.Antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolates was carried out with erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, tetracycline, gentamicin, and streptomycin using the gradient strip method (e-test).We also sequenced whole genomes and predicted antibiotic resistance determinants, virulence factors, performed a phylogenetic analysis to determine the genetic relatedness of these isolates and searched for plasmids.

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Intrahepatic Carcinosarcoma With Cholangiocarcinoma Elements and Prominent Bile Duct Spread.

Carcinosarcomas with elements of cholangiocarcinoma and sarcoma are rare and have a poor prognosis.The spreading pattern and radiological findings of these lesions remain unclear.A 74-year-old man presented with a high γ-glutamyl transferase level.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed dilation of the right intrahepatic and common bile ducts, consistent with an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (ipnb), and diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) indicated an area of high signal intensity in the intrahepatic bile duct.Bile duct biopsy yielded a small amount of atypical spindle cells, and the patient underwent a right hepatectomy.Microscopically, the tumor contained cholangiocarcinoma and sarcomatous components, including osteosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, leading to a diagnosis of intrahepatic carcinosarcoma.The tumor spread primarily through the intrahepatic bile duct.An accurate radiological diagnosis of carcinosarcoma was challenging, given the apparent similarities with ipnb.The findings from dwi and pathology of a bile duct biopsy may assist with preoperative diagnosis.

Journal: International journal of surgical pathology (2019)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Impact of fruit orientation and pelleting material on water uptake and germination performance in artificial substrate for sugar beet.

Water uptake into seeds is a fundamental prerequisite of germination and commonly influenced by commercial seed enhancement technologies.The effect of fruit orientation and contrasting pelleting materials on germination and biological performance of sugar beet was assessed.The results indicated there was orientation dependent fruit shrinkage of 37% for the operculum side supplied by moisture compared to 4% for the basal pore side.The expansion rate of 5% compared to the original size, which was also observed for non-shrinking seeds, indicated this was a temporary effect.This behaviour has importance for the application pelleting materials to seeds.Pellets composed of materials exhibiting low levels of swelling act as a water distribution layer which increased germination rates.Careful selection of pelleting material is crucial as it has direct implications on germination speed and subsequent establishment rates.

Journal: PloS one (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A hybrid adaptive approach for instance transfer learning with dynamic and imbalanced data.

Machine learning has demonstrated success in clinical risk prediction modeling with complex electronic health record data.However, the evolving nature of clinical practices can dynamically change the underlying data distribution over time, leading to model performance drift.Adopting an outdated model is potentially risky and may result in unintentional losses.In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid adaptive boosting approach (ha-boost) for transfer learning.Ha-boost is characterized by the domain similarity-based and class imbalance-based adaptation mechanisms, which simultaneously address two critical limitations of the classical tr ada boost algorithm.We validated ha-boost in predicting hospital-acquired acute kidney injury using real-world longitudinal electronic health records data.The experiment results demonstrate that ha-boost stably outperforms the competing baselines in terms of both auroc and auprc across a 7-year time span.This study has confirmed the effectiveness of transfer learning as a superior model updating approach in dynamic environment.

Journal: International journal of intelligent systems (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article