syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Outcome of pregnancies among women with sickle cell disease.

To evaluate the outcome of pregnancies among women affected by sickle cell disease (scd).Material and methods this retrospective comparative cohort study was carried out between 1 january 2014 and 31 december 2018.The files of pregnant women with and without scd were analyzed.The main variables recorded included parity, diseases that occurred during pregnancy, maternal and gestational ages at delivery, mode of delivery, birthweight and apgar score.Data were analyzed using spss 21.0.Fisher exact test and thet-test was used for comparison.p< .05 was considered statistically significant.Results our frequency of delivery of women with scd was 0.1% (35/34,895).Significant complications associated with scd were maternal anemia (rr = 17.00, 95%ci = 5.35-53.99), intra-uterine fetal demise (rr = 12.00, 95%ci = 1.39-103.22), low birthweight (rr = 2.52, 95%ci = 1.50-4.25), neonatal asphyxia (rr = 7.70, 95%ci = 2.57-22.99), transfer of newborn to the neonatal intensive care unit (rr = 3.42, 95%ci = 1.94-6.03), early neonatal death (rr = 4.56, 95%ci = 1.09-19.10), and maternal postpartum severe anemia (rr = 4.50, 95%ci = 1.36-14.87).Conclusions pregnancies amongst women with scd are still associated with increased risk of maternal anemia as well as perinatal morbidity and mortality despite frequent blood transfusion.Therefore, new strategies should be explored to improve such pregnancies.

Journal: The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Transcriptome Profiling and Network Analysis Provide Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus.

Vulvar lichen sclerosus (vls) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that affects female anogenital skin.Although vls is considered a t cell-mediated autoimmune disease, the diagnosis criteria, molecular mechanism, and universally accepted therapies for this disease remain largely unresolved.To explore disease pathogenesis and potential biomarkers, we performed an rna-seq-based transcriptome analysis to profile the gene expression of vls lesions.Differentially expressed gene (deg) analysis revealed profound changes in expressions of coding genes, micro rnas, and long non-coding rnas.Pathway and network analysis suggested that t cell activation-associated genes, including cd3g,cd3d,cd8b,lat,lck,zap70,ccr5,cxcr3,cxcl9,cxcl10, and cxcl11, were highly expressed in vls, while nr4afamily genes (nr4a1,nr4a2,nr4a3), whose coding products inhibit t cell activity, were significantly downregulated, suggesting heightened t cell response in vls.Neutrophil chemoattractant genes cxcl1,cxcl2,cxcl3,cxcl8, and their cognate receptor cxcr2were downregulated, suggesting dampened neutrophil activity.We also found the downregulation of genes involved in cell cycle progression, including cyclins (ccnb1,ccnb2,ccnl1,ccne1, and ccnk) and centrosome factors (cenpa,cenpe,cenpf, and cenpn), while micro rna-203a and let-7, micro rnas known to inhibit cell growth, were found to be upregulated.These data collectively indicate that cell proliferation in vls is compromised.In sum, these findings comprehensively deciphered key regulatory genes and networks in vls, which could further our understanding of disease mechanisms and point toward therapeutic strategies.

Journal: Frontiers in genetics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The influence of cross-interactions between dilute cosolutes upon liquid interfaces.

We employ a statistical mechanical dilute solution theory (dst) and lattice monte carlo simulations to investigate the interfacial properties of ternary solutions with a dominant solvent and two dilute cosolutes.We consider cosolutes with weak interfacial preferences in order to focus on the impact of cross-interactions between the two cosolute species.When the cross-interaction is properly balanced, the two cosolutes make independent, additive contributions to both bulk and interfacial properties.Conversely, repulsive cross-interactions slightly enhance the interfacial preference of both solutes.In contrast, attractive cross-interactions reduce interfacial preferences and can convert weak surfactants into weak depletants.We observe a particularly interesting transition in the symmetric case of two equivalent self-repelling cosolutes with attractive cross-interactions.In this regime, the major cosolute acts as a weak surfactant in order to avoid repulsive self-interactions, while the minor cosolute acts as a weak depletant in order to form attractive cross-interactions.The two equivalent cosolutes switch roles depending upon their relative concentration.Dst very accurately describes the surface tension and surface excess of simulated lattice solutions up to molar concentrations.More importantly, dst provides quantitative and qualitative insight into the mechanism by which cosolute interactions modulate interfacial preferences.

Journal: The Journal of chemical physics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Identifying parameters associated with delayed diagnosis in axial spondyloarthritis: data from the European map of axial spondyloarthritis.

To identify the parameters associated with self-reported diagnostic delay (dd) in axial spondyloarthritis (ax sp a) patients across europe.Methods data from 2652 patients from 13 countries who participated in the european map of axial spondyloarthritis (emas) were collected through an online survey (2017-2018).Dd was calculated as the difference between age at diagnosis and age at symptom onset reported by participants.Associations between dd and sociodemographic characteristics, as well as disease-related factors were explored through univariable and multivariable linear regression analysis.Results average dd was 7.4 (8.4) years with a variation between countries.The variables associated with longer dd in the final multivariable regression model were: younger age at symptom onset (b = -0.26; 95% ci: -0.28, -0.23), female gender (b = 1.34; 95% ci: 0.73, 1.96) and higher number of health-care professionals (hcps) seen before diagnosis (b = 1.19; 95% ci: 0.95, 1.43).There was a significant interaction between the female gender and the number of hcps seen before diagnosis.A substantial variation of the dd across european countries was observed.Conclusion in this sample of ax sp a patients, average dd was greater than 7 years.Younger age at symptom onset, female gender, higher number of hcps seen before diagnosis, and being diagnosed by rheumatologist were the parameters associated with a longer dd in ax sp a.These findings indicate a need for continuing efforts dedicated to recognition of patients with a high probability of ax sp a on the level of non-rheumatology specialists and facilitating referral to a rheumatologist for timely diagnosis.

Journal: Rheumatology (Oxford, England) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A retrospective multicenter study of bone mineral density in adolescents and adults with Turner syndrome in Japan.

Osteoporosis is one of the clinical features of women with turner syndrome (ts).The reasons for low bone mineral density (bmd) and increased bone fragility are multifactorial, including estrogen deficiency, x-chromosome abnormalities, and environmental factors.Few, large-scale studies on bone mineral density in either adolescents or adults with ts have been done in japan.The goal of the present study was to investigate spinal bmd in women with ts, assess its relationship with clinical parameters, especially estrogen replacement therapy, and investigate its longitudinal changes.The spinal bmd and clinical data of 149 japanese women with ts aged 15 to 49 years who were followed at the four participating hospitals were retrospectively analyzed.The bmd z-scores of the women with ts ranged from -5.30 to +1.89.Women with ts aged 15-39 years had lower bmd than healthy japanese women (p < 0.01) while women with spontaneous menstruation had a significantly higher bmd z-score than those without spontaneous menstruation (-0.73 ± 1.11 vs.-1.67 ± 1.18, p < 0.01).In women without spontaneous menstruation, bmd z-scores correlated with the duration of their estrogen therapy (r = 0.167, p < 0.01).Women aged 15-39 years with ts had low bmd, which was associated with primary amenorrhea and short estrogen replacement therapy duration.

Journal: Endocrine journal (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study
Diuretic combinations in critically ill patients with respiratory failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In patients with respiratory failure, loop diuretics remain the cornerstone of the treatment to maintain fluid balance, but resistance is common.Aim to determine the efficacy and safety of common diuretic combinations in critically ill patients with respiratory failure.Methods we searched medline, embase, cochrane library and prospero for studies reporting the effects of a combination of a loop diuretic with another class of diuretic.A meta-analysis using mean differences (md) with 95% confidence interval (ci) was performed for the 24-h fluid balance (primary outcome) and the 24-h urine output, while descriptive statistics were used for safety events.Results nine studies totalling 440 patients from a total of 6510 citations were included.When compared to loop diuretics alone, the addition of a second diuretic is associated with an improved negative fluid balance at 24 h [md: -1.06 l (95%ci: -1.46; -0.65)], driven by the combination of a thiazide plus furosemide [md: -1.25 l (95%ci: -1.68; -0.82)], while no difference was observed with the combination of a loop-diuretic plus acetazolamide [md: -0.40 l (95%ci: -0.96; 0.16)] or spironolactone [md: -0.65 l (95%ci: -1.66; 0.36)].Heterogeneity was high and the report of clinical and safety endpoints varied across studies.Conclusion based on limited evidence, the addition of a second diuretic to a loop diuretic may promote diuresis and negative fluid balance in patients with respiratory failure, but only when using a thiazide.Further larger trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of such interventions in patients with respiratory failure are required.

Journal: World journal of critical care medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Air pollution and mental health: associations, mechanisms and methods.

Of review there is increasing interest in the links between exposure to air pollution and a range of health outcomes.The association with mental health however is much less established.This article reviews developments in the field over the past 12 months, highlighting the evidence for causation, associations between multiple air pollutants and mental health outcomes, and assesses the challenges of researching this topic.Recent findings increasingly rigorous methods are being applied to the investigation of a broader range of mental health outcomes.These methods include basic science, neuroimaging, and observational studies representing diverse geographical locations.Cohort studies with linked high-resolution air pollutant exposure data are common, facilitating advanced analytic methods.To date, meta-analyses have demonstrated small and significant positive associations between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and depressive symptoms and cognitive decline.Methodological complexities in measuring exposure and outcome pose ongoing difficulties for the field.Summary literature on this topic has recently seen an appreciable expansion.Work that better estimates daily exposure, controls for complex confounders, and is driven by hypotheses founded in candidate causal mechanisms would help clarify associations, and inform targeted interventions and policymakers.

Journal: Current opinion in psychiatry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Compartmentalized into Bacteriocytes but Highly Invasive: the Puzzling Case of the Co-Obligate Symbiont Serratia symbiotica in the AphidPeriphyllus lyropictus.

Dependence on multiple nutritional symbionts that form a metabolic unit has evolved many times in insects.Although it has been postulated that host dependence on these metabolically interconnected symbionts is sustained by their high degree of anatomical integration (these symbionts are often housed in distinct symbiotic cells, the bacteriocytes, assembled into a common symbiotic organ, the bacteriome), the developmental aspects of such multipartner systems have received little attention.Aphids of the subfamilies chaitophorinae and lachninae typically harbor disymbiotic systems in which the metabolic capabilities of the ancient obligate symbiont buchnera aphidicola are complemented by those of a more recently acquired nutritional symbiont, often belonging to the species serratia symbiotica.Here, we used microscopy approaches to finely characterize the tissue tropism and infection dynamics of the disymbiotic system formed by b.Aphidicola and s.Symbiotica in the norway maple aphid periphyllus lyropictus (chaitophorinae).Our observations show that, in this aphid, the co-obligate symbiont s.Symbioticaexhibits a dual lifestyle: intracellular by being housed in large syncytial bacteriocytes embedded between b.Aphidicola-containing bacteriocytes in a well-organized compartmentalization pattern, and extracellular by massively invading the digestive tract and other tissues during embryogenesis.This is the first reported case of an obligate aphid symbiont that is internalized in bacteriocytes but simultaneously adopts an extracellular lifestyle.This unusual infection pattern for an obligate insect symbiont suggests that some bacteriocyte-associated obligate symbionts, despite their integration into a cooperative partnership, still exhibit invasive behavior and escape strict compartmentalization in bacteriocytes.importancemultipartner nutritional endosymbioses have evolved many times in insects.In chaitophorinae aphids, the eroded metabolic capabilities of the ancient obligate symbiont b.Aphidicolaare complemented by those of more recently acquired symbionts.Here, we report the atypical case of the co-obligate s.Symbioticasymbiont associated with p.Lyropictus.This bacterium is compartmentalized into bacteriocytes nested into the ones harboring the more ancient symbiont b.Aphidicola, reflecting metabolic convergences between the two symbionts.At the same time,s.Symbioticaexhibits highly invasive behavior by colonizing various host tissues, including the digestive tract during embryogenesis.The discovery of this unusual phenotype for a co-obligate symbiont reveals a new face of multipartner nutritional endosymbiosis in insects.In particular, it shows that co-obligate symbionts can retain highly invasive traits and suggests that host dependence on these bacterial partners may evolve prior to their strict compartmentalization into specialized host structures.

Journal: Microbiology spectrum (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Evaluation of Two Beta-Tricalcium Phosphates with Different Particle Dimensions in Human Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation: A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial.

This study aimed to compare two beta-tricalcium phosphates with different particle sizes in human maxillary sinuses lifting.The immunolabeling of cells for runx2 and vegf were performed to evaluate the osteoblast precursor cells and the vascular formation after 6 months of bone repair.Ten maxillary sinuses were grafted with autogenous bone graft (group 1), 10 were grafted with chron os®(group 2), and 10 were grafted with beta-tcp®(group 3).After 6 months of bone healing, biopsies were obtained to assess the new bone formed by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical evaluation for runx2 and vegf.The mean bone formation for group 1 was 51.4 ± 17.4%.Group 2 presented 45.5 ± 9.9%, and group 3 conferred 35.4 ± 8.0% of new bone formation.The runx2 offered low for groups 1 and 2 with high cellular activity for osteoblast in group 3.The vegf immunolabeling was moderate for groups 1 and 2 and intense for group 3.In conclusion, it was possible to show that the bone substitutes evaluated in the present study presented suitable outcomes for bone regeneration, being an alternative for the autogenous bone graft in maxillary sinus bone height reconstruction.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Associations Between Sleep and Metabolic Outcomes in Preadolescent Children.

Context growing evidence suggests an important role for sleep for the metabolic health of children.Objective we aimed to determine how sleep is related to insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, beta-cell function, and adiposity (bmi z-scores, body fat %, waist to height ratio) using objectively measured sleep and oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt)-derived measures.Methods sixty-two children aged 7-11 years, born at kaiser permanente southern california, wore wrist accelerometers for 7 days to objectively measure sleep, completed an ogtt, and had anthropometric measures (height [cm], weight [kg], waist [cm], body fat [%]) collected.Using linear regression, associations between matsuda insulin sensitivity index (isi), insulinogenic index (igi), disposition index (di), bmi z-score, waist to height ratio, and body fat % with sleep parameters [total sleep time (tst; min), sleep efficiency (se; %), time in bed (tib; min), wake after sleep onset (waso; min), and sleep latency (sl; min)] were assessed.Body fat % was tested as a mediator of the relationship between tst and isi.Results longer tst was associated with better insulin sensitivity (p= 0.02), but not after adjusting for body fat %.Sleep parameters were not associated with igi or di.Longer tst was associated with lower % body fat (p= 0.01) and lower waist-to-height-ratios (p= 0.05).Body fat % explained 62% (p= 0.01) of the relationship between tst and isi.Longer tib was associated with lower adiposity measures (p< 0.05).There were no associations between se, waso, or sl and metabolic outcomes.Conclusion objectively measured sleep duration was associated with lower adiposity, and the relationship between sleep duration and isi appeared partly through adiposity levels in preadolescent children.Longer sleep duration may be important for metabolic health.

Journal: Journal of the Endocrine Society (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global neurosurgical education: a systematic review.

The covid-19 pandemic has disrupted neurosurgical training worldwide, with the shutdown of academic institutions and the reduction of elective surgical procedures.This impact has disproportionately affected lmics (lower- and/or middle-income countries), already burdened by a lack of neurosurgical resources.Thus, a systematic review was conducted to examine these challenges and innovations developed to adapt effective teaching and learning for medical students and neurosurgical trainees.A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols (prisma-p) and the cochrane handbook of systematic reviews of interventions.Medline, pub med, embase and cochrane databases were accessed, searching and screening literature from december 2019 to 5th december 2020 with set inclusion and exclusion criteria.Screening identified 1254 articles of which 26 were included, providing data from 96 countries.Twenty-three studies reported transition to online learning, with 8 studies also mentioned redeployment into covid wards with 2 studies mentioning missed surgical exposure as a consequence.Of 7 studies conducted in lmics, 3 reported residents suffering financial insecurities from reduced surgical caseload and recession.Significant global disruption in neurosurgical teaching and training has arisen from the covid-19 pandemic.Decreased surgical exposure has negatively impacted educational provision.However, advancements in virtual technology have allowed for more affordable, accessible training especially in lmics.Using this, initiatives to reduce physical and mental stress experienced by trainees should be paramount.

Journal: Neurosurgical review (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Systematic Review
Urachal Remnant Calcification: A Rare Cause of Calcification Within the Urinary Bladder.

Calcification of the urachal remnant is a rare cause of urinary bladder calcification.We present a case of calcification of the urachal remnant found incidentally on computed tomography (ct) scan in the setting of trauma.Our case clearly illustrates that reformatting images in the sagittal plane can clearly delineate the median umbilical ligament and its relationship to the calcification for confirmation of the diagnosis.Recognition of the characteristic appearance of this entity ensures prompt diagnosis and avoids unnecessary workup for other causes of calcification within the bladder.

Journal: Cureus (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
A genetic typing method for albino mutation in the Mongolian gerbil by PCR-RFLP analysis.

1.We established a pcr-rflp analysis targeting r77h mutation in the tyr gene as a more effective genotyping to identify carrier (c/c) with the albino allele and the agouti phenotypes.2.Our breeding system, which targets the r77h site, is a useful cue for detecting c/c carriers with the agouti-phenotype and helps us to obtain albinos by mating agouti-phenotype carriers.

Journal: Integrative zoology (2021)
Publication types: Letter
Spinal Anesthesia Associated With Increased Length of Stay Compared to General Anesthesia for Ankle Open Reduction Internal Fixation: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

General and spinal anesthesia are both utilized for patients undergoing open reduction internal fixation of the ankle, but there are little data comparing early complication rates.The purpose of this study was to compare duration of surgery, length of stay, and rates of postoperative adverse events within 30 days in patients undergoing open reduction internal fixation of ankle fracture using spinal versus general anesthesia.Adult patients who underwent open reduction internal fixation of a closed ankle fracture from 2012 to 2016 were retrospectively identified from american college of surgeons national surgical quality improvement program.Duration of surgery, length of stay, 30-day adverse events, and unplanned readmissions were compared between patients who received general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia.Propensity adjustment with respect to known risk factors for complications and adjunctive regional block was used to match patients.Of the 10,795 patients included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9862 (91.36%) received general anesthesia and 933 (8.64%) received spinal anesthesia.Using propensity-scored matching, 841 patients in the spinal cohort were matched to 3364 patients in the general cohort.Spinal anesthesia was associated with increased length of stay (+0.5 days, 95% confidence interval 0.23-0.77, p < .001).There were no differences in the rates of major/minor complications, mortality, transfusions, unplanned readmissions, or duration of surgery.General anesthesia is predominantly used for fixation of ankle fractures.While spinal anesthesia is associated with lower complication rates in hip and knee surgery, we found that it is associated with increased length of stay in patients undergoing open reduction internal fixation of the ankle within 30 days of surgery.

Journal: The Journal of foot and ankle surgery : official publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article