syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Endogenous Brain Renin-Angiotensin System and Drugs Acting on It.

The ras (renin-angiotensin system) is the part of the endocrine system that plays a prime role in the control of essential hypertension.Since the discovery of brain ras in the seventies, continuous efforts have been put by the scientific committee to explore it more.The brain has shown the presence of various components of brain ras such as angiotensinogen (agt), converting enzymes, angiotensin (ang), and specific receptors (atr).Agt acts as the precursor molecule for ang peptides-i, ii, iii, and iv-while the enzymes such as prorenin, ace, and aminopeptidases a and n synthesize it.At1, at2, at4, and mitochondrial assembly receptor (mas r) are found to be plentiful in the brain.The brain ras system exhibits pleiotropic properties such as neuroprotection and cognition along with regulation of blood pressure, cvs homeostasis, thirst and salt appetite, stress, depression, alcohol addiction, and pain modulation.The molecules acting through ras predominantly arbs and acei are found to be effective in various ongoing and completed clinical trials related to cognition, memory, alzheimer's disease (ad), and pain.The review summarizes the recent advances in the brain ras system highlighting its significance in pathophysiology and treatment of the central nervous system-related disorders.

Journal: Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
The regenerative response of cardiac interstitial cells.

Understanding how certain animals are capable of regenerating their hearts will provide much needed insights into how this process can be induced in humans in order to reverse the damage caused by myocardial infarction.Currently, it is becoming increasingly evident that cardiac interstitial cells play crucial roles during cardiac regeneration.To understand how interstitial cells behave during this process, we performed single-cell rna sequencing of regenerating zebrafish hearts.Using a combination of immunohistochemistry, chemical inhibition, and novel transgenic animals, we were able to investigate the role of cell type-specific mechanisms during cardiac regeneration.This approach allowed us to identify a number of important regenerative processes within the interstitial cell populations.Here, we provide detailed insight into how interstitial cells behave during cardiac regeneration, which will serve to increase our understanding of how this process could eventually be induced in humans.

Journal: Journal of molecular cell biology (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Phosphate Is a Cardiovascular Toxin.

Phosphate is essential for proper cell function by providing the fundamentals for dna, cellular structure, signaling and energy production.The homeostasis of phosphate is regulated by the phosphaturic hormones fibroblast growth factor (fgf) 23 and parathyroid hormone (pth).Recent studies indicate that phosphate induces phosphate sensing mechanisms via binding to surface receptors and phosphate cotransporters leading to feedback loops for additional regulation of serum phosphate concentrations as well as by phosphate itself.An imbalance to either side, enhances or reduces serum phosphate levels, respectively.The latter is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and mortality.Hyperphosphatemia is often due to impaired kidney function and linked to vascular disease, hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy.In contrast, hypophosphatemia either due to reduced dietary intake or intestinal absorption of phosphate or hereditary or acquired renal phosphate wasting, may result in impaired energy metabolism and cardiac arrhythmias.Here, we review the effects and its underlying mechanisms of deregulated serum phosphate concentrations on the cardiovascular system.Finally, we summarize the current therapeutic approaches for both lowering serum phosphate levels and improvement of cardiovascular disease.

Journal: Advances in experimental medicine and biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Comparisons of Hematological and Biochemical Profiles in Brahman and Yunling Cattle.

Brahman cattle are tolerant to parasite challenges and heat stress.Yunling cattle are three-way hybrids that are half brahman cattle, a fourth murray grey cattle and a fourth yunnan yellow cattle, with good beef performance.The hematological and biochemical parameters can reflect the physiology and metabolic conditions of cattle, and there are valuable indicators of production performance and adaptability that can be found by studying the cattle.To assess the health status and differences, we compared 55 hematological and biochemical parameters of 28 brahman cattle and 65 yunling cattle using an automatic biochemical analyzer.Our results showed that 27 hematological and biochemical indices of brahman cattle were lower than those of yunling cattle, whereas the other parameters were higher.There are 20 indices with significant differences that were detected between brahman and yunling cattle (with p ≤ 0.01 or 0.01 ≤ p ≤ 0.05, respectively), and no significant differences were found for other indices (p > 0.05).Based on these results, yunling cattle may have a better physical condition than brahman cattle, may be better at adapting to local environments, and can maintain a good production and reproduction performance.As a new breed that is half brahman, the abilities of yunling cattle, including adaptability, stress resistance and tolerance to crude feed, were better than brahman cattle under the same management conditions.

Journal: Animals : an open access journal from MDPI (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Trypanosoma cruzi: analysis of two different strains after piplartine treatment.

The hemoflagellate protozoan, trypanosoma cruzi, mainly transmitted by triatomine insects through blood transfusion or from mother-to-child, causes chagas' disease.This is a serious parasitic disease that occurs in latin america, with considerable social and economic impact.Nifurtimox and benznidazole, drugs indicated for treating infected persons, are effective in the acute phase, but poorly effective during the chronic phase.Therefore, it is extremely urgent to find innovative chemotherapeutic agents and/or effective vaccines.Since piplartine has several biological activities, including trypanocidal activity, the present study aimed to evaluate it on two t.Cruzi strains proteome.Considerable changes in the expression of some important enzymes involved in parasite protection against oxidative stress, such as tryparedoxin peroxidase (txnpx) and methionine sulfoxide reductase (msr) was observed in both strains.These findings suggest that blocking the expression of the two enzymes could be potential targets for therapeutic studies.

Journal: The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases (2018)
Publication types: Evaluation Study;Journal Article
Improved Synthetic Route of Incorporation of Nanosilicon Species into Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin and Preparation of Novel ZnAl-Layered Double-Hydroxide Hybrid Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin.

Hybrid phenol-formaldehyde (pf) resins represent one of the most important niche groups of binding systems for composites.New industrial needs, environmental requirements, and price fluctuations have led to further research on materials with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties.The preparation of novel hybrid materials can be achieved by inclusion of various elements or functional groups in the organic polymer phenolic framework.Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a pf-based hybrid material with different nanoscale silicone species and zn al-layered double hydroxide (ldh).The main goals of this study were to improve the synthetic pathways of hybrid resin, as well as to prepare granulated composite materials and test samples and determine their characterization.Added inorganic species increased the glass-transition temperature by a minimum of 8 °c, which was determined using differential scanning calorimetry (dsc).Rheological properties (melting viscosity and flow distance) of the hybrid resin were measured.The homogeneity of distribution of added species across the organic matrix was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (sem).With synthesized new hybrid-binding systems, we prepared different granulated composite materials and evaluated them with the measurements of rheological properties (flow curing characteristics).Tensile strength of samples, prepared from granulated composite material, improved by more than 5%.

Journal: Polymers (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Monitoring the active sites for the hydrogen evolution reaction at model carbon surfaces.

Carbon is ubiquitous as an electrode material in electrochemical energy conversion devices.If used as a support material, the evolution of h2 is undesired on carbon.However, recently, carbon-based materials have aroused significant interest as economic and eco-conscious alternatives to noble metal catalysts.The targeted design of improved carbon electrode materials requires atomic scale insight into the structure of the sites that catalyse h2 evolution.This work shows that electrochemical scanning tunnelling microscopy under reaction conditions (n-ec-stm) can be used to monitor the active sites of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite for the hydrogen evolution reaction.With down to atomic resolution, the most active sites in acidic medium are pinpointed near edge sites and defects, whereas the basal planes remain inactive.Density functional theory calculations support these findings and reveal that only specific defects on graphite are active.Motivated by these results, the extensive usage of n-ec-stm on doped carbon-based materials is encouraged to locate their active sites and guide the synthesis of enhanced electrocatalysts.

Journal: Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Sensory-Guided Identification and Characterization of Kokumi-Tasting Compounds in Green Tea (Camellia sinensisL.).

The chemical substances responsible for thekokumitaste of green tea infusion are still unclear.Here, we isolated thekokumicompound-containing fractions from green tea infusion through ultrafiltration, and the majorkokumicompounds were characterized as γ-glu-gln and γ-glu-cys-gly (gsh) through ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (uhplc-ms).The results indicated that peptides and amino acids were essential compounds in the kokumi-enriched fractions for conducting the sense ofkokumi.L-theanine had an enhancing effect on thekokumitaste of green tea infusion, which was confirmed in the sensory reconstitution study.Thus, peptides, especially γ-glu-gln and gsh, are the majorkokumicompounds in green tea infusion, which has the potential of improving the flavor of tea beverages.

Journal: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Evolution of Endophagy in Herbivorous Insects.

Herbivorous feeding inside plant tissues, or endophagy, is a common lifestyle across insecta, and occurs in insect taxa that bore, roll, tie, mine, gall, or otherwise modify plant tissues so that the tissues surround the insects while they are feeding.Some researchers have developed hypotheses to explain the adaptive significance of certain endophytic lifestyles (e.g., miners or gallers), but we are unaware of previous efforts to broadly characterize the adaptive significance of endophagy more generally.To fill this knowledge gap, we characterized the limited set of evolutionary selection pressures that could have encouraged phytophagous insects to feed inside plants, and then consider how these factors align with evidence for endophagy in the evolutionary history of orders of herbivorous insects.Reviewing the occurrence of endophytic taxa of various feeding guilds reveals that the pattern of evolution of endophagy varies strongly among insect orders, in some cases being an ancestral trait (e.g., coleoptera and lepidoptera) while being more derived in others (e.g., diptera).Despite the large diversity of endophagous lifestyles and evolutionary trajectories that have led to endophagy in insects, our consideration of selection pressures leads us to hypothesize that nutritionally based factors may have had a stronger influence on evolution of endophagy than other factors, but that competition, water conservation, and natural enemies may have played significant roles in the development of endophagy.

Journal: Frontiers in plant science (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Differentially Regulated Host Proteins Associated with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Are Correlated with the Sinonasal Microbiome.

The chronic inflammatory nature of chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) makes it a morbid condition for individuals with the disease and one whose pathogenesis is poorly understood.To date, proteomic approaches have been applied successfully in a handful of crs studies.In this study we use a multifaceted approach, including proteomics (i traq labeling) and microbiome (bacterial 16s r rna gene sequencing) analyses of middle meatus swabs, as well as immune cell analysis of the underlying tissue, to investigate the host-microbe interaction in individuals with crs (n= 10) and healthy controls (n= 9).Of the total 606 proteins identified in this study, seven were significantly (p< 0.05) more abundant and 104 were significantly lower in the crs cohort compared with healthy controls.The majority of detected proteins (82% of proteins identified) were not significantly correlated with disease status.Elevated levels of blood and immune cell proteins in the crs cohort, together with significantly higher numbers of b-cells and macrophages in the underlying tissue, confirmed the inflammatory status of crs individuals.Protein prrc2c and ras-related protein (rab14) (two of the seven elevated proteins) showed the biggest fold difference between the healthy and crs groups.Validation of the elevated levels of these two proteins in crs samples was provided by immunohistochemistry.Members of the bacterial community in the two study cohorts were not associated with prrc2c, however members of the genus moraxelladid correlate with rab14 (p< 0.0001, rho = -0.95), which is a protein involved in the development of basement membrane.In addition, significant correlations between certain members of the crs bacterial community and 33 lower abundant proteins in the crs cohort were identified.Members of the genera streptococcus, haemophilusand veillonellawere strongly correlated with crs and were significantly associated with a number of proteins with varying functions.The results from this study reveal a strong association between the host and microbes in the sinonasal cavity.Proteins identified as associated with crs could be new targets for drug therapies and biomarkers for assessment of treatment efficacy.

Journal: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Modified single-port versus multiport laparoscopic choledochal cysts excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy: a retrospective comparative cohort study.

The feasibility, benefit, and safety of multiport laparoscopic choledochal cyst (cdc) excision and roux-en-y hepaticoenterostomy (mpch) have been consistently confirmed.Single-port laparoscopic cdc excision and roux-en-y hepaticoenterostomy (spch) has advantages of less traumatic and more cosmetic beneficial, it has been reported in some case series, but it is technically challenging.We propose a modified technique to reduce technical difficulty in performing spch.The safety and feasibility of modified spch were compared with those of conventional multiport laparoscopic cdc excision.Methods a total of 43 consecutive patients who diagnosed with cdc by preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (mrcp) and underwent spch (n=24) and mpch (n=19) for choledochal cyst (cdc) by a single surgeon between january 1, 2018, and january 1, 2021, were enrolled.The baseline clinical characteristics, efficacy and safety outcomes of short-term were compared.Results the baseline clinical characteristics of the mpch and spch groups are comparable.Average postoperative length of hospital stay was shorter in the spch group than in the mpch group, but the difference was not statistically significant (7.00vs.7.58 days; p>0.99).The operation time (281.75vs.277.3 min; p=0.58) and the amount of blood loss (9.33vs.16.68 m l; p=0.57) were similar in both groups.A significantly greater number of drainage tubes were placed in the mpch group compared to the spch group (11vs.5; p=0.01).One patient suffered from hepaticoenterostomy anastomosis stricture in the spch group.Conclusions the short-term outcome of modified spch is comparable with mpch according to our study.It is easily adaptable treatment of cdc.

Journal: Translational pediatrics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Symptoms In Bangladeshi Patients with Incurable Cancers: Implications for Interventions.

S the poor state of palliative care in low- and middle-income countries has been termed a global crisis by the lancet commission on palliative care.The investigators previously reported on a cross-sectional study of symptoms in 640 bangladeshi adults with incurable cancers.Usual levels of pain were high.The not-reported details of pain and other symptoms offered an opportunity to consider explanations and implications for interventions to lessen these symptoms.Methods at one visit, 640 bangladeshi patients completed a symptom questionnaire.The distributions of 12 symptom level scores and the correlations between pain and different symptom scores were determined.Results the population had significantly high and functionally compromising average usual pain scores, but low percentages of patients with very high and low pain scores.The distributions of scores for multiple symptoms were all skewed to higher mid-scale levels and modestly high (≥0.6) correlations of pain with nausea, anxiety, lack of appetite, constipation, and sleep quality were seen.Conclusions while the types and direct effects of the cancers, the young age distribution, and the true symptomatic status of this bangladeshi population studied may explain the described characteristics, the observations deserve exploration of other causes with specific therapeutic implications.These patients appear to have been partially treated for pain, and in particular, environmental factors such as extreme heat and its consequences appear more likely causes of moderate levels of multiple symptoms, which collectively magnified patients' suffering.Greater attention to gastrointestinal symptoms and sleep disturbance, in particular, seems indicated.

Journal: Indian journal of palliative care (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Moderate to severe hepatic steatosis leads to overestimation of liver stiffness measurement in chronic hepatitis B patients without significant fibrosis.

Liver stiffness measurement (lsm) by transient elastography is a noninvasive method for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.The impact of hepatic steatosis on lsm remains to be explored.Aim to determine whether lsm is affected by hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis b (chb).Methods consecutive patients with biopsy-proven chb were prospectively enrolled.Hepatic steatosis was classified by pathology as none (s0, 33%), and quantitatively by controlled attenuation parameter (cap) as cap s0 (≤247 d b/m), cap s1 (248-267 d b/m) and cap s2-3 (≥268 d b/m).Liver fibrosis was assessed by metavir classification and noninvasively by lsm.Results the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n = 223) in chb patients (n = 593) was 37.6%.Forty-eight belonged to s2-3 and 127 belonged to cap s2-3.In patients without significant fibrosis (f0-1), the median lsm (k pa) was 7.4 in s2-3 and 7.1 in cap s2-3, which was significantly higher than that in s0/s1 (p = 0.005) and cap s0/s1 (p = 0.003).No significant difference was found in significant fibrosis (f2-4).For lsm identifying significant fibrosis (f2-4), the negative predictive value was higher in chb patients with cap ≥ 268 compared to those with cap < 268 (0.81 vs 0.73); the positive predictive value was lower in cap ≥ 268 than its counterpart (0.65 vs 0.76).Conclusions moderate-severe steatosis increased the lsm value in chb patients without significant fibrosis.A cap ≥ 268 did not affect lsm for ruling out, but it slightly affected lsm for ruling in significant fibrosis.Trial registration chi ctr-ddt-13003983.

Journal: Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Embo: a Python package for empirical data analysis using the Information Bottleneck.

We presentembo, a python package to analyze empirical data using the information bottleneck (ib) method and its variants, such as the deterministic information bottleneck (dib).Given two random variables xand y, the ib finds the stochastic mapping mof xthat encodes the most information about y, subject to a constraint on the information that mis allowed to retain about x.Despite the popularity of the ib, an accessible implementation of the reference algorithm oriented towards ease of use on empirical data was missing.Embo is optimized for the common case of discrete, low-dimensional data.Embo is fast, provides a standard data-processing pipeline, offers a parallel implementation of key computational steps, and includes reasonable defaults for the method parameters.Embo is broadly applicable to different problem domains, as it can be employed with any dataset consisting in joint observations of two discrete variables.It is available from the python package index (py pi), zenodo and git lab.

Journal: Journal of open research software (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Yeast Kinesin-5 Motor Protein CIN8 Promotes Accurate Chromosome Segregation.

Accurate chromosome segregation depends on bipolar chromosome-microtubule attachment and tension generation on chromosomes.Incorrect chromosome attachment results in chromosome missegregation, which contributes to genome instability.The kinetochore is a protein complex that localizes at the centromere region of a chromosome and mediates chromosome-microtubule interaction.Incorrect chromosome attachment leads to checkpoint activation to prevent anaphase onset.Kinetochore detachment activates the spindle assembly checkpoint (sac), while tensionless kinetochore attachment relies on both the sac and tension checkpoint.In budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, kinesin-5 motor proteins cin8 and kip1 are needed to separate spindle pole bodies for spindle assembly, and deletion of cin8causes lethality in the absence of sac.To study the function of cin8 and kip1 in chromosome segregation, we constructed an auxin-inducible degron (aid) mutant,cin8-aid.With this conditional mutant, we first confirmed thatcin8-aid kip1∆double mutants were lethal when cin8 is depleted in the presence of auxin.These cells arrested in metaphase with unseparated spindle pole bodies and kinetochores.We further showed that the absence of either the sac or tension checkpoint was sufficient to abolish the cell-cycle delay incin8-aidmutants, causing chromosome missegregation and viability loss.The tension checkpoint-dependent phenotype in cells with depleted cin8 suggests the presence of tensionless chromosome attachment.We speculate that the failed spindle pole body separation incin8mutants could increase the chance of tensionless syntelic chromosome attachments, which depends on functional tension checkpoint for survival.

Journal: Cells (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural