syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-assisted carbon nanoparticle suspension mapping versus dual tracer-guided sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with early breast cancer (ultraCars): phase III randomized clinical trial.

Appropriate tracing methods for sentinel lymph node biopsy (slnb) play a key role in accurate axillary staging.This prospective, non-inferiority, phase iii rct compared the feasibility and diagnostic performance of ultrasound-assisted carbon nanoparticle suspension (cns) mapping with dual tracer-guided slnb in patients with early breast cancer.Methods eligible patients had primary breast cancer without nodal involvement (c n0), or had clinically positive lymph nodes (c n1) that were downstaged to c n0 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Patients were randomly assigned (1 : 1) to undergo either ultrasound-assisted cns sentinel lymph node (sln) mapping (uc group) or dual tracer-guided mapping with cns plus indocyanine green (icg) (gc group).The primary endpoint was the sln identification rate.Results between 1 december 2019 and 30 april 2021, 330 patients were assigned randomly to the uc (163 patients) or gc (167 patients) group.The sln identification rate was 94.5 (95 per cent c.i.90.9 to 98.0) per cent in the uc group and 95.8 (92.7 to 98.9) per cent in the gc group.The observed difference of -1.3 (-5.9 to 3.3) per cent was lower than the prespecified non-inferiority margin of 6 per cent (pnon-inferiority = 0.024).No significant difference was observed in metastatic node rate (30.5 versus 24.4 per cent; p = 0.222), median number of slns harvested (3 (range 1-7) versus 3 (1-8); p = 0.181), or duration of surgery (mean(s.d.) 7.53(2.77) versus 7.63(3.27) min; p = 0.316) between the groups.Among the subgroup of patients who had undergone neoadjuvant treatment, the sln identification rate was 91.7 (82.2 to 100) per cent in the uc group and 90.7 (81.7 to 99.7) per cent in the gc group.Conclusion the diagnostic performance of ultrasound-assisted cns mapping was non-inferior to that of dual tracer-guided sln mapping with cns plus icg in patients with early breast cancer.Registration number nct04951245 (

Journal: The British journal of surgery (2022)
Publication types: Randomized Controlled Trial;Clinical Trial, Phase III;Journal Article
Polymer Assembly Encapsulation of Lanthanide Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents for In Vivo Micro-CT.

Despite recent technological advancements in microcomputed tomography (micro-ct) and contrast agent development, preclinical contrast agents are still predominantly iodine-based.Higher contrast can be achieved when using elements with higher atomic numbers, such as lanthanides; lanthanides also have x-ray attenuation properties that are ideal for spectral ct.However, the formulation of lanthanide-based contrast agents at the high concentrations required for vascular imaging presents a significant challenge.In this work, we developed an erbium-based contrast agent that meets micro-ct imaging requirements, which include colloidal stability upon redispersion at high concentrations, evasion of rapid renal clearance, and circulation times of tens of minutes in small animals.Through systematic studies with poly(ethylene glycol) (peg)-poly(propylene glycol), peg-polycaprolactone, and peg-poly(l-lactide) (pla) block copolymers, the amphiphilic block copolymer peg114-pla53was identified to be ideal for encapsulating oleate-coated lanthanide-based nanoparticles for in vivo intravenous administration.We were able to synthesize a contrast agent containing 100 mg/m l of erbium that could be redispersed into colloidally stable particles in saline after lyophilization.Contrast enhancement of over 250 hu was achieved in the blood pool for up to an hour, thereby meeting the requirements of live animal micro-ct.

Journal: Biomacromolecules (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Simplified LC-MS/MS method for quantification of IG-105, a novel tubulin ligand, and its application to the pharmacokinetic study in rats at the anticancer effective dose.

Ig-105, n-(2, 6-dimethoxypyridine-3-yl)-9-methylcarbazole-3-sulfonamide, a novel carbazole sulfonamide, shows a potent anticancer activity in a variety of human tumor cellsin vitroandin vivo.In the present study, a rapid and convenient liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) method was developed and applied to the pharmacokinetic study of ig-105 in rats.Chromatographic separation was accomplished on a c18column using an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile-water-acetic acid (56:44:0.2, v/v/v).The ion transitions of ig-105 and combretastatin a4 (internal standard) in selected reaction monitoring mode were m/z 398→154 and m/z 317→286, respectively.The assay exhibited good linearity over the range of 2-512 ng/m l.Intra- and inter-day precisions were within 8.2 %, and the accuracies ranged from -6.0 to 3.7 %.The extraction recoveries were higher than 90 %, and the matrix effects were negligible.All quality control samples were stable at different storage conditions.The validated lc-ms/ms method was successfully applied to a preclinical pharmacokinetic study of ig-105 in rats after a single oral dose of 100, 250, or 1000 mg/kg which showed tumor growth inhibition activity.The absorption of ig-105 was proved to be rapid but saturated to a certain extent into the blood circulation, from where it was distributed and eliminated gradually.

Journal: Die Pharmazie (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Comparison of acute appendicitis before and within lockdown period in COVID-19 era: A retrospective study from rural Nepal.

Introduction the world has been engulfed with the pandemic of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-co v-2) which have created significant impact in the emergency surgical health delivery including acute appendicitis.The main aim of this study was to compare the demographic and clinical parameters between two cohorts before the onset of lockdown and within the pandemic.Methods a retrospective analysis was performed between two groups a and b, who presented with acute appendicitis three months prior to and after initiation of lockdown on march 24 2020 respectively in one of the tertiary centers of nepal.These two cohorts were compared in demographics, clinicopathological characteristics and surgical aspects of acute appendicitis.Results there were 42 patients in group a and 50 patients in group b.Mean age of the patients was 31.32±17.18 years with male preponderance in group b (n = 29).Mean duration of pain increased significantly in group b [57.8±25.9(b) vs 42.3±25.0(a) hours, p = 0.004] along with mean duration of surgery [51.06±9.4(b) vs 45.27±11.8(a) minutes, p = 0.015].There was significant decrease in post-operative hospital stay among group b patients [3.04±1.1(b) vs 3.86±0.67(a) days, p = 0.0001].Complicated cases increased in group b including appendicular perforation in 10 cases.Similarly, mean duration of presentation to hospital significantly increased in group b patients with perforation [69.6±21.01 vs 51.57±17.63 hours, p = 0.008].Conclusion during the adversity of the current pandemic, increased number of cases of acute appendicitis can be dealt with surgery as the chances of late presentation and complexity of the lesion exists.

Journal: PloS one (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effectiveness and Safety of Apixaban Versus Warfarin in Obese Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Enrolled in Medicare and Veteran Affairs.

Real-world studies have evaluated the use of anticoagulants in obese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (nvaf), but they have been limited by sample size or the use of diagnosis codes on claims to define obesity.This retrospective study used body weight data of ≥100 kg or a body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2to identify elderly (aged ≥65 years) nvaf patients with obesity in dually enrolled veterans affairs and fee-for-service medicare patients.It evaluated the risk of stroke/systemic embolism (se) and major bleeding (mb) in patients that initiated apixaban versus warfarin.Stabilized inverse probability treatment weighting was used to balance the baseline characteristics between patients prescribed apixaban and warfarin in obese patients.Cox models were used to evaluate the relative risk of stroke/se and mb.Overall, 35.9% (n = 26,522) of the nvaf population were obese, of which 13,604 apixaban and 12,918 warfarin patients were included.After inverse probability treatment weighting, patient characteristics were balanced.The mean age was 75 years, the mean cha2ds2-vasc score (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 [doubled], diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack [doubled], vascular disease, age 65-74, female) was 3.8, the mean has-bled (hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile inr, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly) score was ∼2.6, and >98% of patients were males.Obese apixaban patients were associated with a similar risk of stroke/se (hazard ratio: 0.82; 95% confidence interval: 0.66 to 1.03) and a significantly lower risk of mb (hazard ratio: 0.62; 95% confidence interval: 0.54 to 0.70) versus warfarin.No significant interaction was observed between treatment and obesity status (nonobese, obese/nonmorbid, obese/morbid) for stroke/se (interaction p = 0.602) or mb (interaction p = 0.385).In obese patients with nvaf, apixaban was associated with a similar risk of stroke/se and a significantly lower risk of mb versus warfarin.

Journal: The American journal of cardiology (2022)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Strategies for development of decellularized heart valve scaffolds for tissue engineering.

Valvular heart diseases (vhds) are currently treated using either mechanical or bioprosthetic heart valves.Unfortunately, mechanical valves require lifelong anticoagulation therapy, and bioprosthetic valves calcify and degrade over time, requiring subsequent valve replacement surgeries.Besides, both valves cannot grow with patients.Heart valve tissue engineering uses scaffolds as valve replacements with the potential to grow with patents, function indefinitely, and not require anticoagulation medication.These scaffolds provide three-dimensional supports for cellular adhesion and growth, leading to tissue formation and, finally, a new functional heart valve development.Heart valve scaffolds are made of either polymeric materials or decellularized tissue obtained from allogeneic or xenogeneic sources.This review discusses processes for preparing decellularized heart valve scaffolds, including decellularization, crosslinking, surface-coating, and sterilization.We also examine the predominant issues in scaffold development.Further, decellularized heart valve scaffold function in vitro and in vivo is evaluated.

Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Characterizing Tissue Remodeling and Mechanical Heterogeneity in Cerebral Aneurysms.

Accurately assessing the complex tissue mechanics of cerebral aneurysms (cas) is critical for elucidating how cas grow and whether that growth will lead to rupture.The factors that have been implicated in ca progression - blood flow dynamics, immune infiltration, and extracellular matrix remodeling - all occur heterogeneously throughout the ca.Thus, it stands to reason that the mechanical properties of cas are also spatially heterogeneous.Here, we present a new method for characterizing the mechanical heterogeneity of human cas using generalized anisotropic inverse mechanics, which uses biaxial stretching experiments and inverse analyses to determine the local kelvin moduli and principal alignments within the tissue.Using this approach, we find that there is significant mechanical heterogeneity within a single acquired human ca.These results were confirmed using second harmonic generation imaging of the ca's fiber architecture and a correlation was observed.This approach provides a single-step method for determining the complex heterogeneous mechanics of cas, which has important implications for future identification of metrics that can improve accuracy in prediction risk of rupture.

Journal: Journal of vascular research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
High-Lithium-Affinity Chemically Exfoliated 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Covalent organic frameworks (cofs) with reversible redox behaviors are potential electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (libs).However, the sluggish lithium diffusion kinetics, poor electronic conductivity, low reversible capacities, and poor rate performance for most reported cof materials limit their further application.Herein, a new 2d cof (tfpb-cof) with six unsaturated benzene rings per repeating unit and ordered mesoporous pores (≈2.1 nm) is designed.A chemical stripping strategy is developed to obtain exfoliated few-layered cof nanosheets (e-tfpb-cof), whose restacking is prevented by the in situ formed mn o2nanoparticles.Compared with the bulk tfpb-cof, the exfoliated tfpb-cof exhibits new active li-storage sites associated with conjugated aromatic π electrons by facilitating faster ion/electron kinetics.The e-tfpb-cof/mn o2and e-tfpb-cof electrodes exhibit large reversible capacities of 1359 and 968 m ah g-1after 300 cycles with good high-rate capability.

Journal: Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Strong Bathochromic Shift of Conjugated Polymer Nanowires Assembled with a Liquid Crystalline Alkyl Benzoic Acid via a Film Dispersion Process.

We present aqueous dispersions of conjugated polymer nanowires (cpnws) with improved light absorption properties aimed at aqueous-based applications.We assembled films of a donor-acceptor-type conjugated polymer and liquid crystalline 4-n-octylbenzoic acid by removing a cosolvent of their mixture solutions, followed by annealing of the films, and then formed aqueous-dispersed cpnws with an aspect ratio >1000 by dispersing the films under ultrasonication at a basic p h.X-ray and spectroscopy studies showed that the polymer and liquid crystal molecules form independent domains in film assemblies and highly organized layer structures in cpnws.Our ordered molecular assemblies in films and aqueous dispersions of cpnws open up a new route to fabricate nanowires of low-band-gap linear conjugated polymers with the absorption maximum at 794 nm remarkably red-shifted from 666 nm of cpnws prepared by an emulsion process.Our results suggest the presence of semicrystalline polymorphs β1and β2phases in cpnws due to long-range π-π stacking of conjugated backbones in compactly organized lamellar structures.The resulting delocalization with a reduced energy bang gap should be beneficial for enhancing charge transfer and energy-conversion efficiencies in aqueous-based applications such as photocatalysis.

Journal: ACS omega (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Eicosanoid-Activated PPARα Inhibits NFκB-Dependent Bacterial Clearance During Post-Influenza Superinfection.

Secondary bacterial infection (superinfection) post influenza is a serious clinical complication often leading to pneumonia and death.Eicosanoids are bioactive lipid mediators that play critical roles in the induction and resolution of inflammation.Cyp450 lipid metabolites are anti-inflammatory lipid mediators that are produced at an excessive level during superinfection potentiating the vulnerability to secondary bacterial infection.Using nanostring n counter technology, we have defined the targeted transcriptional response where cyp450 metabolites dampen the toll-like receptor signaling in macrophages.Cyp450 metabolites are endogenous ligands for the nuclear receptor and transcription factor, pparα.Activation of pparα hinders nfκb p65 activities by altering its phosphorylation and nuclear translocation during tlr stimulation.Additionally, activation of pparα inhibited anti-bacterial activities and enhanced macrophage polarization to an anti-inflammatory subtype (m2b).Lastly,ppara-/-mice, which are partially protected in superinfection compared to c57bl/6 mice, have increased lipidomic responses and decreased m2-like macrophages during superinfection.

Journal: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Curcumin against gastrointestinal cancer: A review of the pharmacological mechanisms underlying its antitumor activity.

Gastrointestinal cancer (gic) poses a serious threat to human health globally.Curcumin (cur), a hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of curcuma longa, has shown reliable anticancer function and low toxicity, thereby offering broad research prospects.Numerous studies have demonstrated the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of cur against gic, including the induction of apoptosis and autophagy, arrest of the cell cycle, inhibition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt) processes, inhibition of cell invasion and migration, regulation of multiple signaling pathways, sensitization to chemotherapy and reversal of resistance to such treatments, and regulation of the tumor survival environment.It has been confirmed that cur exerts its antitumor effects on gic through these mechanismsin vitroandin vivo.Moreover, treatment with cur is safe and tolerable.Newly discovered types of regulated cell death (rcd), such as pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, may provide a new direction for research on the efficacy of cur against gic.In this review, we discuss the recently found pharmacological mechanisms underlying the effects of cur against gic (gastric and colorectal cancers).The objective is to provide a reference for further research on treatments against gic.

Journal: Frontiers in pharmacology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Perceiving gender while perceiving language: Integrating psycholinguistics and gender theory.

There is a substantial body of literature showing that men and women speak differently and that these differences are endemic to the speech signal.However, the psycholinguistic mechanisms underlying the integration of social category perception and language are still poorly understood.Speaker attributes such as emotional state, age, sex, and race have often been treated in the literature as dissociable, but perceptual systems for social categories demonstrably rely on interdependent cognitive processes.We introduce a diversity science framework for evaluating the existing literature on gender and speech perception, arguing that differences in beliefs about gender may be defined as differences in beliefs about differences.Treating individual, group, and societal level contrasts in ideological patterns as phenomenologically distinctive, we enumerate six ideological arenas which define claims about gender and examine the literature for treatment of these issues.We argue that both participants and investigators predictably show evidence of differences in ideological attitudes toward the normative definition of persons.The influence of social knowledge on linguistic perception therefore occurs in the context of predictable variation in both attention and inattention to people and the distinguishing features which mark them salient as kinds.We link experiences of visibility, invisibility, and hypervisibility with ideological variation regarding the significance of physiological, linguistic, and social features, concluding that gender ideologies are implicated both in linguistic processing and in social judgments of value between groups.We conclude with a summary of the key gaps in the current literature and recommendations for best practices studies that may use in future investigations of socially meaningful variation in speech perception.This article is categorized under: linguistics > language in mind and brain psychology > language linguistics > language acquisition psychology > perception and psychophysics.

Journal: Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Diagnostic performance of body mass index in detection of obesity using different cutoff points for excess body fat.

S the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic sensitivity of body mass index (bmi) in detecting obesity according to different cutoff points in order to classify a high body fat percentage (%bf) in adolescents and young adults.Methods this was a cross-sectional study conducted with 2447 adolescents 18 and 19 y of age residing in são luís, brazil and 951 young adults 21 to 23 y of age residing in ribeirão preto, brazil.Three references were used to define a high %bf (i.e., those of williams et al., ramírez-vélez et al., and macias et al.).The area under the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (auc) was used to assess the performance of bmi.Results sensitivity ranged from 38.3% to 54.1% among boys and from 12.7% to 72.7% among girls.Among young adults, it ranged from 52.3% to 67.1% in men and from 33.7% to 86.6% in women.The auc ranged from 0.69 to 0.76 among boys, from 0.56 from 0.85 among girls, from 0.75 to 0.80 among men, and from 0.67 to 0.88 among women.The best cutoff points for the bmi were 24.79 to 25.10 kg/m2for boys, 21.89 to 27.04 kg/m2for girls, 26.43 to 28.22 kg/m2for men, and 23.34 to 29.28 kg/m2for women.Conclusion the use of different references for the classification of a high %bf implied a difference in the diagnostic sensitivity of the bmi.Higher cutoff points resulted in greater sensitivity and ability to differentiate individuals with and without obesity.

Journal: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Comparison of Early T-Cell Precursor and Non-ETP Subtypes Among 122 Chinese Adults With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Adult t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (t-all) is a rare hematological malignancy and significantly linked to poor outcomes.Early t-cell precursor (etp) leukemia is a unique subtype of t-all.The aim of this study is to compare the differences between etp and non-etp alls in china.methods:we retrospectively analyzed the records of 122 adult t-all patients diagnosed and treated at our center between january 2014 and june 2019.All the patients enrolled were categorized into etp and non-etp all by immunophenotype, and further statistical analyses about clinical data and prognostic factors were performed.results:among the 122 cases, the male-to-female ratio was 2.8:1, and the median age is 29 (range, 16-82) years.Except for 10 patients with insufficient immunophenotyping results, 47.3% (53/112) are etp and 52.7% (59/112) are non-etp.Compared with non-etp patients, etp-all patients had lower white blood cell counts and lactate dehydrogenase levels, while they were older and had higher platelet counts and fibrinogen levels (allp 0.05).In the landmark analysis of cr1 patients who had a survival of more than 6 months, the allo-sct group had significantly better survival outcomes than the chemotherapy group, and the 2-year os rates and rfs rates were 80.1 ± 7.3 vs.28.4 ± 8.4% and 68.9 ± 8.8 vs.12.8 ± 7.2%, respectively (bothp< 0.0001).A multivariate analysis suggests that allo-sct acts as an independent prognostic factor for both os and rfs.conclusions:our results revealed that etp accounted for a high proportion of t-all in chinese.There are no cr rates and prognosis differences between etp and non-etp.Allo-sct in cr1 can significantly improve patients' survival.

Journal: Frontiers in oncology (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article