syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Prehospital Noninvasive Ventilation: An NAEMSP Position Statement and Resource Document.

Noninvasive ventilation (niv), including bilevel positive airway pressure and continuous positive airway pressure, is a safe and important therapeutic option in the management of prehospital respiratory distress.Naemsp recommends:niv should be used in the management of prehospital patients with respiratory failure, such as those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and pulmonary edema.niv is a safe intervention for use by emergency medical technicians.medical directors must assure adequate training in niv, including appropriate patient selection, niv system operation, administration of adjunctive medications, and assessment of clinical response.medical directors must implement quality assessment and improvement programs to assure optimal application of and outcomes from niv.novel niv methods such as high-flow nasal cannula and helmet ventilation may have a role in prehospital care.

Journal: Prehospital emergency care (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Coping strategies in response to different levels of elevated water hardness in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus): Insight into ion-regulatory and histopathological modulations.

Water hardness above the optimal level can incite toxic effects in fish, which are often species specific.Hence, we aimed at obtaining insights on the potential effects of elevated water hardness as well as coping strategies in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus).First, a toxicity assay was performed where the 96 h-lc50was calculated as 4939 mg/l ca co3.Thereafter, to gain knowledge on the underlying adaptive strategies to high water hardness, fish were exposed to seven hardness levels (150, 600, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000 and 4000 mg/l ca co3at p h 8.15) for 15 days.Results showed that branchial activities of ca2+-atpase and na+/k+-atpase, which facilitate ca2+uptake, reduced starting respectively from 1000 mg/l and 1500 mg/l ca co3.Nevertheless, ca2+burden in plasma and tissue (gills, liver and intestine) remained elevated.Hardness exposure also disturbed cations (na+, k+, mg2+) and minerals (iron and phosphorus) homeostasis in a tissue-specific and dose-dependent manner.Both hemoglobin content and hematocrit dropped significantly at 3000-4000 mg/l ca co3, with a parallel decline in iron content in plasma and gills.Muscle water content rose dramatically at 4000 mg/l ca co3, indicating an osmo-regulation disruption.Higher hardness of 3000-4000 mg/l ca co3also incited a series of histopathological modifications in gills, liver and intestine; most likely due to excess ca2+accumulation.Overall, these data suggest that channel catfish can adapt to a wide range of elevated hardness by modulating ca2+regulatory pathways and histomorphological alterations, however, 1500 mg/l ca co3and above can impair the performance of this species.

Journal: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Tree nut-induced anaphylaxis in Canadian emergency departments: Rate, clinical characteristics, and management.

Data are sparse regarding tree nut-induced anaphylaxis (tna).Objective to characterize rate, clinical characteristics, and management of tna in children (0-17 years old) across canada and evaluate factors associated with severe reactions and epinephrine use.Methods between april 2011 and may 2020, data were collected on children presenting to 5 emergency departments in canada.Multivariate logistic analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with severe reactions (stridor, cyanosis, circulatory collapse, or hypoxia) and epinephrine use.Results among 3096 cases of anaphylaxis, 540 (17%) were induced by tree nut.The median age was 5.2 (interquartile range, 2.5-9.5) years and 65.4% were of male sex.Among all reactions, 7.0% were severe.The major tree nuts accounting for anaphylaxis were cashew (32.8%), hazelnut (20.0%), and walnut (11.5%).Cashew-induced anaphylaxis was more common in british columbia (14.0% difference [95% confidence interval (ci), 1.6-27.6]) vs ontario and quebec, whereas pistachio-induced anaphylaxis was more common in ontario and quebec (6.3% difference [95% ci, 0.5-12.2]).Prehospital and emergency department intramuscular epinephrine administration was documented in only 35.2% and 52.4% of cases, respectively.Severe reactions were more likely among of male sex (adjusted odds ratio [a or], 1.05 [95% ci, 1.01-1.10]), older children (a or, 1.00 [95% ci, 1.00-1.01]), and in reactions triggered by macadamia (a or, 1.27 [95% ci, 1.03-1.57]).Conclusion different tna patterns in canada may be because of differences in lifestyle (higher prevalence of asian ethnicity in british columbia vs arabic ethnicity in ontario and quebec).Intramuscular epinephrine underutilization urges for epinephrine autoinjector stocking in schools and restaurants, patient education, and consistent policies across canada.

Journal: Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Subgrouping and analysis of relationships between classical swine fever virus identified during the 2018-2020 epidemic in Japan by a novel approach using shared genomic variants.

Classical swine fever (csf) is a worldwide devastating disease of the pig industry caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv).In september 2018, an outbreak of csf occurred in japan where the disease had been eradicated and was officially designated a csf-free country since 2015.Following the detection of the first 2018 case on a farm in gifu prefecture, the disease spread among both farm pigs and wild boars and still continues.Epigenome analysis using whole-genome information is helpful in identifying the infection route, but the current approaches provide an insufficient resolution.In this study, a novel method of using single-nucleotide variants (snvs) was employed to identify the associations among 158 isolates (65 from farms and 93 from wild boars).The identified groups of csfv strains were plotted in different colours on a map, identifying the location where each strain was collected.The lack of an snv set shared between the index case and the other strains suggested the first infection in japan during the outbreak occurred in wild boars, not at the index farm.For the atsumi peninsula outbreaks, where nine farms were found infected within a 10-km radius area, the farm strains were assembled into three groups, suggesting these outbreaks resulted from at least three different infection events in this area.For the infections in the area around saitama prefecture, an area remote from the epicentre, strains from both the farms and wild boars were identified as being in the same group, suggesting they resulted from one viral introduction.Likewise, seven infected farms in okinawa prefecture, almost 1,500 km from gifu prefecture, were identified as being in a common, but separate group.By demonstrating the variety of transmission routes and possibility of long-distance infection, these results will help improve disease control measures.

Journal: Transboundary and emerging diseases (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Enhanced Adsorption of Anionic Polymer on Montmorillonite by Divalent Cations and the Effect of Salinity.

Adsorption of polymers from an aqueous solution onto clay minerals is of great interest to many applications such as water purification and soil conditioning.Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the adsorption of anionic polyacrylamide (apam) on anionic montmorillonite, in an aqueous solution containing monovalent or divalent salts.Compared with monovalent salts (na cl), the enhancement of apam adsorption brought by divalent salts (ca cl2) was significant, which could not be explained by the poisson-boltzmann theory alone.Each solvated ca2+was coordinated by 4-6 water oxygens in its first coordination shell.One to two of these water molecules were displaced when apam formed a complex with ca2+.Ca2+ions in the adsorbed ca2+-apam complexes did not serve as bridges sandwiched between apam and mt; instead, the complexes carried a residual positive charge and were subsequently attracted to montmorillonite.The number of adsorbed ca2+-apam complexes changed with salinity in a nonmonotonic manner, due to the modulation of apparent charges of montmorillonite and apam by ca2+.Increasing adsorption of ca2+-apam complexes also promoted apam adsorption through direct hydrogen bonding with montmorillonite.The findings provided new molecular insights into the long-standing debates on the role of divalent ions in promoting polymer adsorption on like-charged solid surfaces.

Journal: The journal of physical chemistry. A (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Conserving elastic turbulence numerically using artificial diffusivity.

To simulate elastic turbulence, where viscoelasticity dominates, numerical solvers introduce an artificial stress diffusivity term to handle the steep polymer stress gradients that ensue.This has recently been shown [a.Gupta and d.Vincenzi, j.Fluid mech.870, 405 (2019)0022-112010.1017/jfm.2019.224; v.Dzanic et al., j.Fluid mech.937, a31 (2022)0022-112010.1017/jfm.2022.103] to introduce unphysical artifacts with a detrimental impact on simulations.In this letter, we propose that artificial diffusion is limited to regions where stress gradients are steep instead of seeking the zero-diffusivity limit.Through the cellular forcing and four-roll mill problem, we demonstrate that this modified artificial diffusivity is devoid of unphysical artifacts, allowing all features of elastic turbulence to be retained.Results are found to conform with direct simulations, reducing the impact of artificial diffusivity from a qualitative scale to a quantitative scale while only requiring a fraction of the numerical resolution.

Journal: Physical review. E (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Drug Repurposing Applications to Overcome Male Predominance via Targeting G2/M Checkpoint in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (escc) is strongly characterized by a male predominance with higher mortality rates and worse responses to treatment in males versus females.Despite the role of sex hormones, other causes that may contribute to sex bias in escc remain largely unknown, especially as age increases and the hormone difference begins to diminish between sexes.In this study, we analyzed genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics from 663 escc patients and found that g2/m checkpoint pathway-related sex bias and age bias were significantly present in multi-omics data.In accordance with gene expression patterns across sexes, ten compounds were identified by applying drug repurposing from three drug sensitivity databases: the connective map (cmap), genomics of drug sensitivity in cancer (gdsc), and the cancer therapeutic response portal (ctrp).Mk1775 and decitabine showed better efficacy in two male escc cell lines in vitro and in vivo.The drugs' relevance to the transition between g2 and m was especially evident in male cell lines.In our study, we first validated the sex bias of the g2/m checkpoint pathway in escc and then determined that g2/m targets may be included in combination therapy for male patients to improve the efficacy of escc treatment.

Journal: Cancers (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Isoliquiritigenin mitigates oxidative damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage in vivo and in vitro by regulating Nrf2-dependent Signaling Pathway via Targeting of SIRT1.

Oxidative stress is a crucial factor leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage (sah)-induced early brain injury (ebi).Isoliquiritigenin has been verified as a powerful anti-oxidant in a variety of diseases models and can activate sirtuin 1 and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2) pathways.However, the effects of isoliquiritigenin against ebi after sah and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.Purpose the primary goal of this study is to verify the therapeutic effects of isoliquiritigenin on ebi after sah and the possible molecular mechanisms.Study design a prechiasmatic cistern sah model in rats and a hemoglobin incubation sah model in primary neurons were established.Isoliquiritigenin was administered after sah induction.Ex527 was employed to inhibit sirtuin 1 activation and ml385 was used to suppress nrf2 signaling.Methods in our study, neurological scores, brain edema, biochemical estimation, western blotting, and histopathological study were performed to explore the therapeutic action of isoliquiritigenin against sah.Results our data revealed that isoliquiritigenin significantly mitigated oxidative damage after sah as evidenced by decreased reactive oxygen species overproduction and enhanced intrinsic anti-oxidative system.Concomitant with the reduced oxidative insults, isoliquiritigenin improved neurological function and reduced neuronal death in the early period after sah.Additionally, isoliquiritigenin administration significantly enhanced nrf2 and sirtuin 1 expressions.Inhibition of nrf2 by ml385 reversed the anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects of isoliquiritigenin against sah.Moreover, inhibiting sirtuin 1 by ex527 pretreatment suppressed isoliquiritigenin-induced nrf2-dependent pathway and abated the cerebroprotective effects of isoliquiritigenin.In primary cortical neurons, isoliquiritigenin treatment also ameliorated oxidative insults and repressed neuronal degeneration.The beneficial aspects of isoliquiritigenin were attributed to the promotion of sirtuin 1 and nrf2 signaling pathways and were counteracted by ex527.Conclusion our findings suggest that isoliquiritigenin exerts cerebroprotective effects against sah-induced oxidative insults by modulating the nrf2-mediated anti-oxidant signaling in part through sirtuin 1 activation.Isoliquiritigenin might be a new potential drug candidate for sah.

Journal: Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Genome-wide identification of NOD-like receptors and their expression profiling in mucosal tissues of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) upon bacteria challenge.

The innate immune system plays an important role in host defense against pathogenic infections.In the innate immune system, several families of innate pattern recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors, rig-i-like receptors, nod-like receptors (nlrs), and dna receptors (cytosolic sensors for dna), are known to play vital roles in detecting and responding to various pathogens.In this study, we identified 29 nlrs in turbot including 4 nlrs from subfamily a: nod1, nod2, ciita, nlrc5, 1 nlr from subfamily b: nlrb1, 21 nlrs from subfamily c: nlr-c3.1∼nlrc3.21, 1 from nlrx subfamily, and two that do not fall within these subfamilies: apaf1, nwd1.Phylogenetic analysis showed that these nlr genes were clearly divided into five subfamilies.Protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that some of these nlr genes shared same interacting genes and might participate in signal transductions associated with immunity.The evolutionary pressure selection analysis showed that the ka/ks ratios for all detected nlr genes were much less than one, implying more synonymous changes than non-synonymous changes.In addition, tissue expression analysis showed that the relative higher expression levels were observed in gill, skin and intestine.Meanwhile, nlr genes expression after bacterial infection results showed that most nlr genes participated in the process of defense of v.Anguillarum and a.Salmonicida infections in mucosal tissues.Taken together, identification and expression profiling analysis of nlr genes can provide valuable information for further functional characterization of these genes in turbot.

Journal: Molecular immunology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Cryopreservation process alters the expression of genes involved in pathways associated with the fertility of bull spermatozoa.

In bovines, cryopreserved semen is used for artificial insemination; however, the fertility of cryopreserved semen is far lower than that of fresh semen.Although cryopreservation alters sperm phenotypic characteristics, its effect on sperm molecular health is not thoroughly understood.The present study applied next-generation sequencing to investigate the effect of cryopreservation on the sperm transcriptomic composition of bull spermatozoa.While freshly ejaculated bull spermatozoa showed 14,280 transcripts, cryopreserved spermatozoa showed only 12,375 transcripts.Comparative analysis revealed that 241 genes were upregulated, 662 genes were downregulated, and 215 genes showed neutral expression in cryopreserved spermatozoa compared to fresh spermatozoa.Gene ontology analysis indicated that the dysregulated transcripts were involved in nucleic acid binding, transcription-specific activity, and protein kinase binding involving protein autophosphorylation, ventricular septum morphogenesis, and organ development.Moreover, the dysregulated genes in cryopreserved spermatozoa were involved in pathways associated with glycogen metabolism, mapk signalling, embryonic organ morphogenesis, ectodermal placode formation, and regulation of protein auto-phosphorylation.These findings suggest that the cryopreservation process induced alterations in the abundance of sperm transcripts related to potential fertility-associated functions and pathways, which might partly explain the reduced fertility observed with cryopreserved bull spermatozoa.

Journal: Frontiers in genetics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Mare and stallion effects on blastocyst production in a commercial equine ovum pick-up-intracytoplasmic sperm injection program.

This study retrospectively examined the degree to which success within a commercial ovum pick-up (opu)-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) program varied between individual mares and stallions.Over 2 years, 552 opu sessions were performed on 323 privately owned warmblood mares.For mares that yielded at least one blastocyst during the first opu-icsi cycle, there was a 77% likelihood of success during subsequent attempts; conversely, when the first cycle yielded no blastocyst, the likelihood of failure (no embryo) in subsequent cycles was 62%.In mares subjected to four or more opu sessions, the mean percentage of blastocysts per injected oocyte was 20.5% (range 1.4-46.7%), whereas the mean number of blastocysts per opu-icsi session was 1.67 (0.2-4.2).Age did not differ significantly between mares that yielded good or poor results.The number of recovered oocytes per opu was positively associated with the likelihood of success (p<0.001).Although there were considerable between-stallion differences, most stallions (14/16) clustered between 15.6% and 26.8% blastocysts per injected oocyte, and the number of blastocysts per opu (mean 1.4; range 0.2-2.2) was less variable than among mares.In conclusion, although both mare and stallion affect the success of opu-icsi, mare identity and the number of oocytes recovered appear to be the most reliable predictors of success.

Journal: Reproduction, fertility, and development (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Effect of Topical Celecoxib as an Anti-Psoriasis Agent.

Our previous research showed that, in a mice tail model for psoriasis, topical celecoxib might have an antipsoriatic effectin vivoby increasing granular layer development.The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of three celecoxib concentrations using a mice model for psoriasis.Topical application of celecoxib (2%, 4% and 8%), with two negative controls (untreated and white soft paraffin as ointment base) and one positive control (tretinoin 0.05%), was performed for two weeks.The effect on granular layer development and epidermal thickness was measured on hematoxylin-eosin staining.The morphometric assessment was made by using mean orthokeratosis degree and mean epidermal thickness as main parameters.All celecoxib concentrations have significantly increased the mean orthokeratosis degree as a marker of an anti-psoriatic effect.Celecoxib 8% and 4% lead to a statistically significant increase in orthokeratosis degree when compared with celecoxib 2% and tretinoin 0.05%.Along with cyclo-oxygenase inhibition, other mechanisms of action of celecoxib are discussed.This study offers valuable information for future clinical trials with celecoxib as a topical anti-psoriasis agent.

Journal: Maedica (2022)
Publication types: Editorial
MXenes as a versatile platform for reactive surface modification and superior sodium-ion storages.

Owing to the large surface area and adjustable surface properties, the two-dimensional (2d) mxenes have revealed the great potential in constructing hybrid materials and for na-ion storage (sis).In particular, the facilitated na-ion adsorption, intercalation, and migration on mxenes can be achieved by surface modification.Herein, a new surface modification strategy on mxenes, namely, the reactive surface modification (rsm), is focused and illustrated, while the recent advances in the research of sis performance based on mxenes and their derivatives obtained from the rsm process are briefly summarized as well.In the second section, the intrinsic surface chemistries of mxenes and their surface-related physicochemical properties are first summarized.Meanwhile, the close relationship between the surface characters and the na-ion adsorption, intercalation, and migration on mxenes is emphasized.Following the sis properties of mxenes, the surface-induced sis property variations, and the sis performance of rsm mxene-based hybrids are discussed progressively.Finally, the existing challenges and prospects on the rsm mxene-based hybrids for sis are proposed.

Journal: Exploration (Beijing, China) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review