syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Liposomes: structure, biomedical applications, and stability parameters with emphasis on cholesterol

Liposomes are essentially a subtype of nanoparticles comprising a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head constituting a phospholipid membrane.The spherical or multilayered spherical structures of liposomes are highly rich in lipid contents with numerous criteria for their classification, including structural features, structural parameters, and size, synthesis methods, preparation, and drug loading.Despite various liposomal applications, such as drug, vaccine/gene delivery, biosensors fabrication, diagnosis, and food products applications, their use encounters many limitations due to physico-chemical instability as their stability is vigorously affected by the constituting ingredients wherein cholesterol performs a vital role in the stability of the liposomal membrane.It has well established that cholesterol exerts its impact by controlling fluidity, permeability, membrane strength, elasticity and stiffness, transition temperature (tm), drug retention, phospholipid packing, and plasma stability.Although the undetermined optimum amount of cholesterol for preparing a stable and controlled release vehicle has been the downside, but researchers are still focused on cholesterol as a promising material for the stability of liposomes necessitating explanation for the stability promotion of liposomes.Herein, the prior art pertaining to the liposomal appliances, especially for drug delivery in cancer therapy, and their stability emphasizing the roles of cholesterol.

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (2021)
Publication types: Review Article;
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as a vehicle for cytokine delivery: an emerging approach for tumor immunotherapy

Pro-inflammatory cytokines can effectively be used for tumor immunotherapy, affecting every step of the tumor immunity cycle.Thereby, they can restore antigen priming, improve the effector immune cell frequencies in the tumor microenvironment (tme), and eventually strengthen their cytolytic function.A renewed interest in the anticancer competencies of cytokines has resulted in a substantial promotion in the number of trials to address the safety and efficacy of cytokine-based therapeutic options.However, low response rate along with the high toxicity associated with high-dose cytokine for reaching desired therapeutic outcomes negatively affect their clinical utility.Recently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (mscs) due to their pronounced tropism to tumors and also lower immunogenicity have become a promising vehicle for cytokine delivery for human malignancies.Msc-based delivery of the cytokine can lead to the more effective immune cell-induced antitumor response and provide sustained release of target cytokines, as widely evidenced in a myriad of xenograft models.In the current review, we offer a summary of the novel trends in cytokine immunotherapy using mscs as a potent and encouraging carrier for antitumor cytokines, focusing on the last two decades' animal reports.

Journal: Frontiers in Medicine (2021)
Publication types: Review Article;
Carbon pricing and environmental response: a way forward for China’s carbon and energy market

Addressing the conflict between fossil fuel exploitation, usage, and greenhouse gas emissions is a top priority for china’s low-carbon socioeconomic development.Scalable axisymmetric matrix “a computerized general equilibrium model” is used to assess the impact of carbon tax policies on energy usage, carbon pollution, and macroeconomic drivers at reduction levels of 10%, 20%, and 30% of emissions.In the meantime, we examine the impact of various carbon tax recycling schemes in line with the tax neutrality concept.Although the carbon tax successfully reduces carbon emissions, we conclude that it will have a detrimental effect on the economy and social well-being.To cope with china’s increasing pollution emissions and ecological imbalances, the chinese government promulgated the environmental protection tax law of the people’s republic of china, which was officially implemented in 2018.Although carbon dioxide is not included in the taxable pollutants and single quantity table attached to this law, china has almost reached a consensus on taxing carbon emissions.In 2021, the state council of china issued the opinions on completely, accurately, and comprehensively implementing the new development concept and doing a good job in carbon peak and carbon neutralization, which made a comprehensive deployment to achieve the “double carbon” goal and improved the carbon tax policy and legal system, which is an essential part of it.Therefore, based on fiscal neutrality, an effective carbon tax recycling scheme can mitigate the adverse effects of its adoption.However, due to the current development in china’s energy-generating and transportation sectors, even minor steps can have huge effects on emissions with marginal economic implications.

Journal: Frontiers in Environmental Science (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
The role of Janus kinase/STAT3 pathway in hematologic malignancies with an emphasis on epigenetics

The janus kinase (jak)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (stat) signaling pathway has been known to be involved in cell growth, cellular differentiation processes development, immune cell survival, and hematopoietic system development.As an important member of the stat family, stat3 participates as a major regulator of cellular development and differentiation-associated genes.Prolonged and persistent stat3 activation has been reported to be associated with tumor cell survival, proliferation, and invasion.Therefore, the jak-stat pathway can be a potential target for drug development to treat human cancers, e.g., hematological malignancies.Although stat3 upregulation has been reported in hematopoietic cancers, protein-level stat3 mutations have also been reported in invasive leukemias/lymphomas.The principal role of stat3 in tumor cell growth clarifies the importance of approaches that downregulate this molecule.Epigenetic modifications are a major regulatory mechanism controlling the activity and function of stat3.So far, several compounds have been developed to target epigenetic regulatory enzymes in blood malignancies.Here, we discuss the current knowledge about stat3 abnormalities and carcinogenic functions in hematopoietic cancers, novel stat3 inhibitors, the role of epigenetic mechanisms in stat3 regulation, and targeted therapies, by focusing on stat3-related epigenetic modifications.

Journal: Frontiers in Genetics (2021)
Publication types: Review Article;
The association of COVID-19 pandemic stress with health-related quality of life in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional analytical study

There is a global disaster since who declared covid-19 as a pandemic.With the increase in cases &amp;amp; mortality rate, various health issues viz., stress, mental disorders and altered health-related quality of life have been noted as a result of pandemic and lockdowns.This study aimed to assess the association of covid-19 pandemic stress with health-related quality of life in the kingdom of saudi arabia.Methodology: it was a cross-sectional analytical study.Subjects included 878 citizens and residents of saudi arabia aged 18 years and above.Convenience, non-probability sampling technique was used.A web-based, self-administered, electronic questionnaire in arabic language having three sections; sociodemographic &amp;amp; clinical profile, standard pss-10, and standard sf-12 was used as the study tool and distributed through various social media means.The study period was of 2 months.Data were analyzed using sps version 25.Descriptive statistics, pearson's correlation coefficient, independent sample t -test and the one-way analysis of variance (anova) were employed for suitable statistical analysis.Results: almost two-thirds of the subjects were between the age of 18 to &amp;lt; 40 and majority (74.1%) being females.Majority (83.0%) reported as having no chronic diseases, and 69.5% had no contact history with covid-19 cases.The mean of mcs &amp;amp; pcs was (32.34 ± 25.30) &amp;amp; (41.65 ± 11.82), respectively.Majority (67.6%) had a moderate level of covid-19 stress.A significant negative relationship between total stress scores and hrqol domains was observed.Conclusion: majority subjects had a moderate level of stress related to covid-19 lockdown.Stress during covid-19 has a significant negative association with both physical and mental hrqol in which mcs was significantly lower than pcs.It is recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of stress management program and follow a holistic approach.

Journal: Frontiers in Public Health (2021)
Publication types: Research Article;
Harnessing TRAIL-induced apoptosis pathway for cancer immunotherapy and associated challenges

The immune cytokine tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (trail) has attracted rapidly evolving attention as a cancer treatment modality because of its competence to selectively eliminate tumor cells without instigating toxicity in vivo .Trail has revealed encouraging promise in preclinical reports in animal models as a cancer treatment option; however, the foremost constraint of the trail therapy is the advancement of trail resistance through a myriad of mechanisms in tumor cells.Investigations have documented that improvement of the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and survival or proliferation involved signaling pathways concurrently suppressing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins along with down-regulation of expression of trailr1 and trailr2, also known as death receptor 4 and 5 (dr4/5) are reliable for tumor cells resistance to trail.Therefore, it seems that the development of a therapeutic approach for overcoming trail resistance is of paramount importance.Studies currently have shown that combined treatment with anti-tumor agents, ranging from synthetic agents to natural products, and trail could result in induction of apoptosis in trail-resistant cells.Also, human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (mscs) engineered to generate and deliver trail can provide both targeted and continued delivery of this apoptosis-inducing cytokine.Similarly, nanoparticle (nps)-based trail delivery offers novel platforms to defeat barricades to trail therapeutic delivery.In the current review, we will focus on underlying mechanisms contributed to inducing resistance to trail in tumor cells, and also discuss recent findings concerning the therapeutic efficacy of combined treatment of trail with other antitumor compounds, and also trail-delivery using human mscs and nps to overcome tumor cells resistance to trail.

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology (2021)
Publication types: Review Article;
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based delivery: a rapidly evolving strategy for cancer therapy

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (msc)-based therapy has become an attractive and advanced scientific research area in the context of cancer therapy.This interest is closely linked to the msc-marked tropism for tumors, suggesting them as a rational and effective vehicle for drug delivery for both hematological and solid malignancies.Nonetheless, the therapeutic application of the mscs in human tumors is still controversial because of the induction of several signaling pathways largely contributing to tumor progression and metastasis.In spite of some evidence supporting that mscs may sustain cancer pathogenesis, increasing proofs have indicated the suppressive influences of mscs on tumor cells.During the last years, a myriad of preclinical and some clinical studies have been carried out or are ongoing to address the safety and efficacy of the msc-based delivery of therapeutic agents in diverse types of malignancies.A large number of studies have focused on the msc application as delivery vehicles for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (trail), chemotherapeutic drug such as gemcitabine (gcb), paclitaxel (ptx), and doxorubicin (dox), prodrugs such as 5-fluorocytosine (5-fc) and ganciclovir (gcv), and immune cell-activating cytokines along with oncolytic virus.In the current review, we evaluate the latest findings rendering the potential of mscs to be employed as potent gene/drug delivery vehicle for inducing tumor regression with a special focus on the in vivo reports performed during the last two decades.

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology (2021)
Publication types: Review Article;
Optimizing sgRNA to improve CRISPR/Cas9 knockout efficiency: special focus on human and animal cell

During recent years, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (crispr)/crispr-associated protein 9 (cas9) technologies have been noticed as a rapidly evolving tool to deliver a possibility for modifying target sequence expression and function.The crispr/cas9 tool is currently being used to treat a myriad of human disorders, ranging from genetic diseases and infections to cancers.Preliminary reports have shown that crispr technology could result in valued consequences for the treatment of duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd), cystic fibrosis (cf), β-thalassemia, huntington’s diseases (hd), etc.Nonetheless, high rates of off-target effects may hinder its application in clinics.Thereby, recent studies have focused on the finding of the novel strategies to ameliorate these off-target effects and thereby lead to a high rate of fidelity and accuracy in human, animals, prokaryotes, and also plants.Meanwhile, there is clear evidence indicating that the design of the specific sg rna with high efficiency is of paramount importance.Correspondingly, elucidation of the principal parameters that contributed to determining the sg rna efficiencies is a prerequisite.Herein, we will deliver an overview regarding the therapeutic application of crispr technology to treat human disorders.More importantly, we will discuss the potent influential parameters (e.g., sg rna structure and feature) implicated in affecting the sg rna efficacy in crispr/cas9 technology, with special concentration on human and animal studies.

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (2021)
Publication types: Review Article;
Synthesis of efficient cobalt–metal organic framework as reusable nanocatalyst in the synthesis of new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives with antioxidant activity

Efficient cobalt–metal organic framework (co-mof) was prepared via a controllable microwave-assisted reverse micelle synthesis route.The products were characterized by sem image, n 2 adsorption/desorption isotherm, ftir spectrum, and tg analysis.Results showed that the products have small particle size distribution, homogenous morphology, significant surface area, and high thermal stability.The physicochemical properties of the final products were remarkable compared with other mof samples.The newly synthesized nanostructures were used as recyclable catalysts in the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives.After the confirmation of related structures, the antioxidant activity of derivatives based on the dpph method was evaluated and the relationship between structures and antioxidant activity was observed.In addition to recyclability, the catalytic activity of co-mof studied in this research has remarkable effects on the synthesis of 1,4 dihydropyridine derivatives.

Journal: Frontiers in Chemistry (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Foreign inflows, commercial law, and dutch disease: evidence from developing economies

It is commonly believed that developing markets require inflows of foreign capital to achieve their growth targets; however, recent research has shown that these inflows are either ineffective or even harmful to the economy.A surge in foreign inflows, such as foreign aid, remittances, and foreign direct investment, into developing markets, particularly, have been connected to the dutch disease hypothesis.A sharp rise in such inflows will stimulate real exchange rate in receiving nations due to the uptick in the non-tradable sector and the downturn in the tradable sector.The purpose of this research is to investigate, using quantitative approaches, the variations of real exchange rate adjustments that occur in response to official development assistance, foreign direct investments, and international remittances flowing into developing markets.To investigate the onset of dutch disease over the period 2001–2020, this analysis makes use of panel data estimation techniques in the form of fixed and random effect models the findings of a substantial amount of econometric investigation revealed that dutch disease is present in developing countries.The scope of the study has been broadened to include an investigation of the expansion of both tradable and non-tradable industries.According to the findings of this study, larger inflows of foreign capital slow growth in the tradable sector (the industrial sector), while simultaneously boosting growth in the non-tradable sector (service sector).

Journal: Frontiers in Environmental Science (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
An efficient ultrasound-assisted synthesis of Cu/Zn-hybrid MOF nanostructures with high microbial strain performance

Metal organic frameworks (mofs) are a promising choice for antibacterial and antifungal activity due to their composition, unique architecture, and larger surface area.Herein, the ultrasonic method was used to synthesize the cu/zn-mof material as an effective hybrid nanostructure with ideal properties.Sem images were used to investigate the product’s morphology and particle size distribution.The xrd pattern revealed that the cu/zn hybrid mof nanostructures had a smaller crystalline size distribution than pure cu and zn-mof samples.Furthermore, the bet technique determined that the hybrid mof nanostructures had a high specific surface area.Tg analysis revealed that the hybrid mof structures were more thermally stable than pure samples.The final product, with remarkable properties, was used as a new option in the field of antibacterial studies.Antibacterial activity was assessed using mic and mbc against gram negative and gram positive strains, as well as antifungal activity using mic and mfc.The antimicrobial properties of the synthesized cu/zn hybrid mof nanostructures revealed that they were more effective than commercial drugs in some cases.This study’s protocol could be a new strategy for introducing new hybrid nanostructures with specific applications.

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Green finance, green energy, and green revolution: an impulse response function of food security in developing economies

Recently, it has been observed that fossil fuel utilization increased to manage the issue of food insecurity; however, it has increased the risk of environmental degradation and land availability.Therefore, the role of a farmer is to ensure food security (fs).With the assistance of the green revolution (gr), green finance (gf) and green energy have increased manifold.For this purpose, the current study utilized a time-series dataset between 2071 and 2019 to evaluate the relationship between green finance, green energy, and the green revolution with food security.This objective has been considered with modern econometric methods, including the johansen cointegration model and impulse response.As a result, the johansen model affirmed cointegration between the green revolution, green finance, and green energy with food security.According to the results, food security will rise by 0.17%, 2.05%, 0.006%, and 0.023%, with a 1% increase in fossil fuel utilization, green finance, improved seeds, and water availability, respectively.Furthermore, based on the diagnostic statistics, the johansen model’s credibility, stability, and reliability were corrected.In light of these findings and the impulse response function, all relevant factors will favor future food security.Finally, this study suggested that the public and commercial sectors should invest significantly in r&amp;amp;d to produce organic chemicals and agricultural methods that preserve soil fertility and reduce environmental degradation.

Journal: Frontiers in Environmental Science (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;
Taguchi-assisted optimization technique and density functional theory for green synthesis of a novel Cu-MOF derived from caffeic acid and its anticancerious activities

In this paper, we have reported an innovative greener method for developing copper-metal organic frameworks (cu-mofs) using caffeic acid (ca) as a linker extracted from satureja hortensis using ultrasonic bath.The density functional theory is used to discuss the cu-mof-binding reaction mechanism.In order to achieve a discrepancy between the energy levels of the interactive precursor orbitals, the molecules have been optimized using the b3lyp/6–31g method.The taguchi method was used to optimize the key parameters for the synthesis of cu-mof.Ft-ir, xrd, nitrogen adsorption, and sem analyses are used to characterize it.The adsorption/desorption and sem analyses suggested that cu-mof has a larger surface area of 284.94 m 2 /g with high porosity.Cu-mof has shown anticancer activities against the human breast cancer (mda-mb-468) cell lines, and it could be a potent candidate for clinical applications.

Journal: Frontiers in Chemistry (2021)
Publication types: Research Article;
Diagnostic and Staging Value of Serum Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme in Sarcoidosis

To investigate the diagnostic and staging value of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (s ace) in sarcoidosis.Methods.Patients with suspected sarcoidosis treated in the department of pulmonary and critical care medicine of the china-japan friendship hospital from 2010 to 2020 were included.The data of s ace, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (esr), complete blood count (cbc), lung function, bronchoalveolar lavage, and biopsy were collected.The differences between the sarcoidosis group and the nonsarcoidosis group and between different stages of sarcoidosis were compared.The receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve analysis was used for the diagnostic test of s ace in sarcoidosis.Results.A total of 84 cases with suspected sarcoidosis were included, among which 70 cases were confirmed to be sarcoidosis by biopsy.The mean value of s ace in sarcoidosis patients was 56.61 ± 30.80 u/l, which was significantly higher than that in nonsarcoidosis patients ( 28.07 ± 14.11 u/l, p = 0.001 ).The level of s ace in sarcoidosis patients with peripheral superficial lymph nodes and multiple system involvement was significantly higher than that in intrathoracic sarcoidosis patients ( p = 0.009 ); the percentage of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) of sarcoidosis patients was 45.39 ± 22.87 %, which was significantly higher than that of nonsarcoidosis patients ( p &lt; 0.001 ).There was no correlation between s ace and esr ( correlation coefficient = − 0.167 ).According to roc curve analysis, when s ace ≥ 44.0 u/l, the sensitivity of sarcoidosis diagnosis was 61.4%, the specificity was 92.9%, and the auc was 0.819.Conclusion.S ace has a good specificity in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.S ace values in patients with sarcoidosis with systemic involvement were higher than those with simple intrathoracic sarcoidosis.

Journal: Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine (2022)
Publication types: Research Article;