syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Physical Abuse of Children by Stepfathers in Colombia.

Evolutionary psychologists claim that stepparents perpetrate substantially more child physical abuse than genetic parents, and that they do so because they are less invested in genetically unrelated children.The objective of this study was to examine these claims by investigating whether, and why, fathers in a colombian sample physically abused their stepchildren more than their genetic children.Fathers (n= 86) and their partners living in bogotá were interviewed by klevens et al.Half of the fathers had been reported to authorities for child physical abuse, the other half were matched controls.Secondary analysis was conducted of klevens et al.'s data.Hypotheses from the evolutionary and ecological accounts of child maltreatment were tested using logistic and ordinal regression.Both the prevalence and the frequency of physical abuse by stepfathers were considerably greater than those of genetic fathers.Several indicators of adversity-including parental youth and experience of abuse, fathers' chronic stress, and mothers' poor communication with the child-were associated with both abuse and stepparenthood.Models including these variables indicated that they accounted for much of the stepfathers' higher rates of abuse.Consistent with the ecological account, much of the stepfathers' greater prevalence and frequency of abuse in this sample is likely to have resulted from confounding variables, rather than from the step relationship per se.

Journal: Journal of interpersonal violence (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Intergroup resource allocation among children from minority and majority groups in three settings of former conflict.

Intergroup resource allocation was examined among 333 children aged 7-11 (51.9% female) within three settings of former intergroup conflict (january-june 2021).Children represented both ethno-religious minority and majority groups (republic of north macedonia: albanians, macedonians; croatia: serbs, croats; northern ireland: catholics, protestants), from predominantly white and middle-class families.Ingroup bias in average resource allocation amounts was demonstrated by both minority and majority children, across settings, in the context of novel targets (historic conflict rivals).Majority children were also more likely to give equally (which maintains the status quo) than minority children.Giving equally increased with age for both minority and majority children, despite being in "zero-sum," conflict settings.Equitable intergroup resource allocation in such settings has implications for conflict transformation.

Journal: Child development (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Vertical bony step between proximal and distal segments after mandibular setback is related with relapse: A cone-beam computed tomographic study.

Introduction vertical bony step (vbs) occurs between proximal and distal segments of the mandible during mandibular setback surgery with bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy.The purpose of this study was to investigate whether vbs is correlated with the relapse of mandibular setback using 3-dimensional models constructed from cone-beam computed tomography.Methods the subjects consisted of 30 patients who underwent bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy for a mandibular setback.Double jaw surgery was performed in 18 patients, and isolated mandibular setback surgery was performed in 12 patients.Cone-beam computed tomography scans were taken at pretreatment (t0), postsurgery (t1), and posttreatment (t2).Treatment changes and the correlations between measurements were evaluated.Results the mean mandibular setback was -11.9 mm, and the mean vbs was -5.6 mm.Correlations with the relapse of mandibular setback were found in the amount of mandibular setback (t1 - t0), development of vbs (t1 - t0), posterior movement of the proximal segment (t1 - t0), counterclockwise rotation of symphysis (t2 - t1), and the resolution of vbs (t2 - t1).Conclusions the development and resolution of vbs were correlated with the relapse of mandibular setback.Minimizing vbs is recommended to reduce the relapse of mandibular setback.

Journal: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Automated Cluster Detection of Health Care-Associated Infection Based on the Multisource Surveillance of Process Data in the Area Network: Retrospective Study of Algorithm Development and Validation.

The cluster detection of health care-associated infections (hais) is crucial for identifying hai outbreaks in the early stages.Objective we aimed to verify whether multisource surveillance based on the process data in an area network can be effective in detecting hai clusters.Methods we retrospectively analyzed the incidence of hais and 3 indicators of process data relative to infection, namely, antibiotic utilization rate in combination, inspection rate of bacterial specimens, and positive rate of bacterial specimens, from 4 independent high-risk units in a tertiary hospital in china.We utilized the shewhart warning model to detect the peaks of the time-series data.Subsequently, we designed 5 surveillance strategies based on the process data for the hai cluster detection: (1) antibiotic utilization rate in combination only, (2) inspection rate of bacterial specimens only, (3) positive rate of bacterial specimens only, (4) antibiotic utilization rate in combination + inspection rate of bacterial specimens + positive rate of bacterial specimens in parallel, and (5) antibiotic utilization rate in combination + inspection rate of bacterial specimens + positive rate of bacterial specimens in series.We used the receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve and youden index to evaluate the warning performance of these surveillance strategies for the detection of hai clusters.Results the roc curves of the 5 surveillance strategies were located above the standard line, and the area under the curve of the roc was larger in the parallel strategy than in the series strategy and the single-indicator strategies.The optimal youden indexes were 0.48 (95% ci 0.29-0.67) at a threshold of 1.5 in the antibiotic utilization rate in combination-only strategy, 0.49 (95% ci 0.45-0.53) at a threshold of 0.5 in the inspection rate of bacterial specimens-only strategy, 0.50 (95% ci 0.28-0.71) at a threshold of 1.1 in the positive rate of bacterial specimens-only strategy, 0.63 (95% ci 0.49-0.77) at a threshold of 2.6 in the parallel strategy, and 0.32 (95% ci 0.00-0.65) at a threshold of 0.0 in the series strategy.The warning performance of the parallel strategy was greater than that of the single-indicator strategies when the threshold exceeded 1.5.Conclusions the multisource surveillance of process data in the area network is an effective method for the early detection of hai clusters.The combination of multisource data and the threshold of the warning model are 2 important factors that influence the performance of the model.

Journal: JMIR medical informatics (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Unvaccinated Children Are an Important Link in the Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (B1.617.2): Comparative Clinical Evidence From a Recent Community Surge.

To evaluate the necessity of covid-19 vaccination in children aged < 12 y by comparing the clinical characteristics between unvaccinated children aged < 12 y and vaccinated patients aged ≥ 12y during the delta surge (b.1.617.2) in putian, fujian, china.Methods a total of 226 patients with sars-cov-2 delta variant (b.1.167.2; confirmed by real-time pcr positivity and sequencing) were enrolled from sep 10th to oct 20th, 2021, including 77 unvaccinated children (aged < 12y) and 149 people aged ≥ 12y, mostly vaccinated.The transmission route was explored and the clinical data of two groups were compared; the effect factors for the time of the nucleic acid negativization (nan) were examined by r statistical analysis.Results the delta surge in putian spread from children in schools to factories, mostly through family contact.Compared with those aged ≥ 12y, patients aged < 12y accounted for 34.07% of the total and showed milder fever, less cough and fatigue; they reported higher peripheral blood lymphocyte counts [1.84 (1.32, 2.71)×10^9/l vs.1.31 (0.94, 1.85)×10^9/l;p<0.05), higher normal crp rate (92.21% vs.57.72%), lower il-6 levels [5.28 (3.31, 8.13) vs.9.10 (4.37, 15.14);p<0.05].Upon admission, their covid19 antibodies (ig m and ig g) and ig g in convalescence were lower [0.13 (0.00, 0.09) vs.0.12 (0.03, 0.41),p<0.05; 0.02 (0.00, 0.14) vs.1.94 (0.54, 6.40),p<0.05; 5.46 (2.41, 9.26) vs.73.63 (54.63, 86.55),p<0.05, respectively], but longer nan time (18 days vs.16 days,p=0.13).Conclusion unvaccinated children may be an important link in the transmission of sars-co v-2 delta variant (b1.617.2), which indicated an urgent need of vaccination for this particular population.

Journal: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Clinical Value and Prognosis of C Reactive Protein to Lymphocyte Ratio in Severe Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

To investigate the relationship between clr and disease severity and clinical prognosis of a sah.Methods the authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 221 patients with a sah, who were admitted to the intensive care unit from january 2017 to december 2020.The indicators of inflammatory factors in the first blood routine examination within 48 h of bleeding were obtained.The prognosis was evaluated by m rs score at discharge, m rs>2 was a poor outcome.Through the receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve, the area under the curve was calculated and the predicted values of inflammatory factors (clr, crp, wbc, and neutrophils) were compared.Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between clr and the clinical prognosis of patients.Roc curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off threshold, sensitivity, and specificity of clr in predicting prognosis at admission.Results according to the m rs score at discharge, 139 (62.90%) patients were classified with poor outcomes (m rs>2).The inflammatory factor with the best predictive value was clr, which had an optimal cut-off threshold of 10.81 and an area under the roc curve of 0.840 (95%ci.788-0.892,p 3), and the clr value was significantly higher in severe patients with a sah than in mild patients.The optimal cut-off threshold of clr in the severe group was 6.87, and the area under the roc curve was 0.838 (95% ci.752-0.925,p< 0.001).Conclusions the clr value at the admission of patients with a sah was significantly associated with hunt-hess grade, the higher hunt-hess grade, the higher the cl r-value, and the worse the prognosis.Early clr value can be considered as a feasible biomarker to predict the clinical prognosis of patients with a sah.

Journal: Frontiers in neurology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Ficus hispida L.f.: A review.

Ethnopharmacological relevance ficus hispida l.f.(moraceae) has long been used as a traditional medicine in india, china, sri lanka, australia, and myanmar in the treatment of diarrhea, ulcer, anemia, diabetes, inflammation, and cancer.Aim of the review this review provides a systematic comment on the botany, traditional uses, and phytochemical and pharmacological studies of f.Hispida, with an aim to make critical update of the current knowledge and obtain opportunities for further therapeutic potential.Materials and methods the information was derived from scientific literature databases including pub med, baidu scholar, google scholar, web of science, and science direct.Additional information was gathered from books, ph.d.And m.sc.Dissertations, and unpublished materials.Results and discussion f.Hispida is used especially in chinese and indian traditional medical systems as a remedy for skin disorders, respiratory diseases, and urinary diseases.Wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, sedative, antidiarrheal, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antineoplastic, and antidiabetic activities have been reported for crude extracts and isolated metabolites, but the methodologies in these studies often have inadequate design and low technical quality.More than 76 compounds have been isolated from f.hispida, including sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, phenylpropionic acids, benzoic acid derivatives, alkaloids, steroids, other glycosides, and alkanes, but the method of bioassay-guided fractionation is seldom applied in the isolation from f.Hispida.Conclusion f.Hispida is used widely in traditional medicines and has multiple pharmacological effects that could support traditional uses.However, pharmacological studies should be viewed with caution because of the inappropriate experimental design.More in vitro and in vivo research is urgently needed to study the molecular mechanisms and assess the effective and safe dose of f.Hispida.

Journal: Journal of ethnopharmacology (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Case Report: Hemangioblastoma- Like Clear Cell Stromal Tumor of the Left Lower Lung.

Hemangioblastoma-like clear cell stromal tumor (hlccst) is a recently reported neoplasm of the lung.Only 13 cases have been reported in four recent studies.Because hlccst is very rare, it has not been included in the 2021 who classification of lung tumors.Case presentation we report a case of hlccst of the left lower lung in a 40-year-old female who was admitted to our hospital after pulmonary nodules were discovered.A plain chest ct scan showed a nodular high-density shadow measuring approximately 8 mm in diameter in the left lower lung.The lesion had clear borders, uneven internal density, and a low-density central vacuolar area.The left lower lung was partially resected by video-assisted thoracic surgery.Post-operative histopathologic diagnosis "hemangioblastoma-like clear cell stromal tumor" of the left lower lung.Conclusion the hlccst is an extremely rare tumor and needs long-term follow-up after operation.Clinically, it may be easily confused with other benign and malignant tumors of the lung, and diagnosis is solely determined by histopathologic examination.This case suggests that immunohistochemical cd34 can be a strong positive marker.

Journal: Frontiers in medicine (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
The Effects of Freshwater Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Extract on Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells.

The extract of freshwater clams has been used to protect the body against liver diseases in traditional folk medicine.This study aims at investigating the effects of freshwater clam extract on activated hepatic stellate cells (a hscs), which are critical contributors to liver fibrosis.Methods the a hscs used in this study were derived from hepatic stellate cells that were isolated and purified from the livers of male wistar rats and then transformed into the activated phenotype by culturing on uncoated plastic dishes.Freshwater clam extract (ce) was collected after the outflow from the live freshwater clams in a water bath at 100°c for 60 min.The effects of ce on a hscs were analyzed by mtt assay, flow cytometry, oil red o (oro) staining, western blot, and real-time rt-pcr.Results the results indicated that ce suppressed the proliferation of a hscs through g0/g1 cell cycle arrest by downregulating cyclin d1 and upregulating p27.The expression levels ofa-sma, collagen i, tgf-β, and tnf-αwere inhibited in the ce-treated a hscs.In addition, the ce treatment increased the lipid contents in a hscs by promoting pparγexpression.Furthermore, ce modulated the expression of ecm-related genes, i.e., by upregulating mmp-9 and downregulating timp-ii.Conclusions these data revealed that ce could induce the deactivation of a hscs.We therefore suggest that ce has potential as an adjuvant therapeutic agent against hepatic fibrosis.

Journal: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Imaging flow cytometry: a primer.

Imaging flow cytometry combines the high throughput nature of flow cytometry with the advantages of single cell image acquisition associated with microscopy.The measurement of large numbers of features from the resulting images provides rich datasets which have resulted in a wide range of novel biomedical applications.In this primer we discuss the typical imaging flow instrumentation, the form of data acquired and the typical analysis tools that can be applied to this data.Using examples from the literature we discuss the progression of the analysis methods that have been applied to imaging flow cytometry data.These methods start from the use of simple single image features and multiple channel gating strategies, followed by the design and use of custom features for phenotype classification, through to powerful machine and deep learning methods.For each of these methods, we outline the processes involved in analyzing typical datasets and provide details of example applications.Finally we discuss the current limitations of imaging flow cytometry and the innovations which are addressing these challenges.

Journal: Nature reviews. Methods primers (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Head, Face and Neck Cooling as Per-cooling (Cooling During Exercise) Modalities to Improve Exercise Performance in the Heat: A Narrative Review and Practical Applications.

It is well known that uncompensable heat stress greatly impairs endurance and team sport-related performance because an increase in the core temperature directly induces a greater magnitude of the central fatigue in the heat than in thermal neutral environments.Numerous studies have been conducted in an attempt to discover reliable cooling strategies for improving endurance performance and repeated sprint ability while exercising in the heat.Whole-body pre-cooling has been shown to improve endurance performance in both dry and humid heat.Despite this, the reduction in thermal perceptions associated with pre-cooling gradually narrows during intense exercise.Hence, effective per-cooling strategies to improve athletic performance in the heat are required.Unfortunately, due to practical issues, adopting pre-cooling approaches as a per-cooling (cooling during exercise) modality to improve athletic performance is impractical.Thus, we sought to examine the impact of head, neck and face cooling on athletic performance in heat.According to current evidence, cooling the head, neck and face reduced local skin temperature in the areas where cooling was applied, resulting in improved local perceptual sensations.In the heat, neck cooling during exercise improves athletic performance in both endurance and team sports athletes.Furthermore, from a practical standpoint, neck cooling is preferred over head, face and combined head/face and neck cooling for both endurance and team sport athletes in the heat.Nonetheless, for all athletes who have access to water, face cooling is a recommended cooling strategy.There is a lack of research on the systematic selection of per-cooling modalities to improve athletic performance based on environmental conditions and the nature of sports.In addition, powerful but portable head, neck and face cooling systems are urgently needed to assist athletes in improving their performance in hot conditions.

Journal: Sports medicine - open (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Ultra-thin and broadband surface wave meta-absorber.

Perfect absorbers are highly desired in many engineering and military applications, including radar cross section (rcs) reduction, cloaking devices, and sensor detectors.However, most types of present absorbers can only absorb space propagation waves, but absorption for surface waves has not been researched intensively.Surface waves are easily excited on the interfaces between metal and dielectrics for electronic devices, which decreases their working performances due to the electromagnetic disturbances.Thus, it is of great significance to design appropriate absorbers to dissipate undesirable surface waves.Here, we propose the concept of a surface wave absorber, analyze its working principle, and prove its good performances experimentally.To demonstrate our concept, we design and fabricate a realistic surface wave absorber that is fixed on a metal surface.Experiments are performed to verify its electromagnetic characteristics.The results show that our designed meta-absorber can achieve an excellent surface wave absorption within a wide frequency window (5.8-11.2 ghz) and exhibit a very high efficiency over than 90%, but only with the thickness of 1 mm (0.028 λ).Our device can help to solve the issues of absorption at large angles, and it can find wide applications in large antenna array design and other communication systems.

Journal: Optics express (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cognitive Prerequisites in Development of Childhood Anxiety: An Integrative Literature Review and Thematic Analysis.

It has been suggested that cognitive development affects the emotional experience of children, including anxiety.However, an evidence review is needed to extract cognitive prerequisites that contribute to the development of anxiety in children.The purpose of the study is to explore evidence on cognitive prerequisites involved in experiencing anxiety in children.Four electronic databases of scopus, ovid-psyc info, pub med, and science direct were comprehensively searched for 1900 to 2018, yielding 4,618 articles.According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (prisma) and inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 articles were found as eligible.The analysis of literature identified 3 themes, including threat perception, future thinking, and generalization.It is suggested that these cognitive abilities may underlie anxiety.These results have important implications for better understanding the effect of cognitive prerequisites in anxiety phenomena and also could shed light on the explanation of anxiety in some disorders characterized by deficits in cognitive development.

Journal: Iranian journal of child neurology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Post-infarction ventricular septal defect with cardiogenic shock: peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenator as a bridge to surgery.

We present a patient with post-infarction posterior ventricular septal defect complicated by cardiogenic shock who was transferred after percutaneous coronary revascularization.A peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenator was placed as a bridge to definite treatment to stabilize his condition.Patch closure of the ventricular septal defect and tricuspid valve replacement were performed successfully with right atrial approach 3 days after the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) placement and 11 days after the myocardial infarction.The extracorporeal membrane oxygenator was successfully weaned off intraoperatively and the patient was discharged without complications.

Journal: Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article