syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Effects of Substrate Bias Voltage on Structure of Diamond-Like Carbon Films on AISI 316L Stainless Steel: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study.

With the recent significant advances in micro- and nanoscale fabrication techniques, deposition of diamond-like carbon films on stainless steel substrates has been experimentally achieved.However, the underlying mechanism for the formation of film microstructures has remained elusive.In this study, the growth processes of diamond-like carbon films on aisi 316l substrate are studied via the molecular dynamics method.Effects of substrate bias voltage on the structure properties and sp3hybridization ratio are investigated.A diamond-like carbon film with a compact structure and smooth surface is obtained at 120 v bias voltage.Looser structures with high surface roughness are observed in films deposited under bias voltages of 0 v or 300 v.In addition, sp3fraction increases with increasing substrate bias voltage from 0 v to 120 v, while an opposite trend is obtained when the bias voltage is further increased from 120 v to 300 v.The highest magnitude of sp3fraction was about 48.5% at 120 v bias voltage.The dependence of sp3fraction in carbon films on the substrate bias voltage achieves a high consistency within the experiment results.The mechanism for the dependence of diamond-like carbon structures on the substrate bias voltage is discussed as well.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Regional differential stretching of the pectoralis major muscle: An ultrasound elastography study.

Pectoralis major (pma) muscle injuries are becoming more prevalent, and their incidence differs among the pma regions, i.e., the clavicular, sternal, and abdominal regions.Therefore, identifying the position for effectively lengthening each pma region is critical in preventing pma injuries.The purpose of this study was to determine the effective stretching position for each pma region through shear wave elastography, which can indirectly assess individual muscle lengthening.Fifteen men participated in this study.Twelve stretching positions were compounded with shoulder abductions (45°, 90°, and 135°), pelvic rotation (with or without), shoulder external rotation (with or without), and shoulder horizontal abductions.The shear modulus of each pma region was measured through shear wave elastography in the stretching positions mentioned above.At the clavicular region, the shear modulus was higher for three stretching positions: shoulder horizontal abduction at 45° abduction during pelvic rotation and shoulder external rotation, shoulder horizontal abduction at 90° abduction, and shoulder horizontal abduction at 90° abduction while considering shoulder external rotation.For the sternal region, the shear modulus was higher in two stretching positions: shoulder horizontal abduction at 90° abduction while adding external rotation, and combination of pelvic rotation and external rotation.For the abdominal region, the shear modulus was higher in the shoulder horizontal abduction at 135° abduction with pelvic and external rotation.These results indicated that the effective stretching position was different for each pma region.

Journal: Journal of biomechanics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The Immune Response in Adipocytes and Their Susceptibility to Infection: A Possible Relationship with Infectobesity.

The current obesity pandemic has been expanding in both developing and developed countries.This suggests that the factors contributing to this condition need to be reconsidered since some new factors are arising as etiological causes of this disease.Moreover, recent clinical and experimental findings have shown an association between the progress of obesity and some infections, and the functions of adipose tissues, which involve cell metabolism and adipokine release, among others.Furthermore, it has recently been reported that adipocytes could either be reservoirs for these pathogens or play an active role in this process.In addition, there is abundant evidence indicating that during obesity, the immune system is exacerbated, suggesting an increased susceptibility of the patient to the development of several forms of illness or death.Thus, there could be a relationship between infection as a trigger for an increase in adipose cells and the impact on the metabolism that contributes to the development of obesity.In this review, we describe the findings concerning the role of adipose tissue as a mediator in the immune response as well as the possible role of adipocytes as infection targets, with both roles constituting a possible cause of obesity.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
A review of cardio-pulmonary microvascular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension.

Microvascular dysfunction progressing to pulmonary hypertension can be a primary cause of right ventricular failure or a secondary cause because of an underlying systemic illness.Little is known regarding the etiology and epidemiology of coronary microvascular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension.Despite this limitation, its presence has been described in patients with pulmonary hypertension.This review focuses on the pathogenesis of cardiac and pulmonary microvascular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension.Additionally, this review provides a contemporary assessment on the diagnosis and treatment of microvascular dysfunction in patients in pulmonary hypertension.This topic is important to raise awareness of microvascular dysfunction in the coronary and pulmonary circulation, so that future studies will investigate its impact on the pulmonary hypertension patient cohort.

Journal: American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
The effects of low-dose anthracycline-based chemotherapy on the levels of serum NT-proBNP level and left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunctions: A prospective observational study.

And aims the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum n-terminal (nt)-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (bnp) levels and incidence of left ventricular (lv) systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients who underwent low-dose anthracycline chemotherapy.Methods this observational, prospective study was conducted on all patients with proven breast cancer, hodgkin lymphoma, or non-hodgkin lymphoma and no history of previous cardiac or any chronic diseases who were candidates for low-dose anthracycline chemotherapy from march 2017 to february 2018.We evaluated the serum nt-pro bnp level and performed trans-thoracic echocardiography at baseline, 6, and 9 months after the chemotherapy.Results among 57 patients who successfully finished the study, 13 (22.8%) patients were men and 44 (77.19%) patients were women, and the total mean age was 52 ± 14.86 years.Our results revealed that the lv systolic and diastolic function and nt-pro bnp mean levels were in the normal range at all three measured times.Additionally, no significant differences were observed between the levels of nt-pro bnp, lv systolic, and diastolic function at baseline, 6, and 9 months after chemotherapy with low-dose anthracycline (p= 0.6, 0.1, and 0.4, respectively).Conclusion following low-dose anthracycline chemotherapy, none of our patients encountered lv systolic and diastolic dysfunctions and changes in serum nt-pro bnp level.However, further studies with a larger population, longer follow-up duration, and higher dosage of anthracyclines are required to determine the effects of low-dose anthracycline on nt-pro bnp level and lv systolic and diastolic functions.

Journal: Health science reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Randomized, double-blinded, controlled non-inferiority trials evaluating the immunogenicity and safety of fractional doses of Yellow Fever vaccines in Kenya and Uganda.

Introduction:yellow fever is endemic in specific regions of sub-saharan africa and the americas, with recent epidemics occurring on both continents.The yellow fever vaccine is effective, affordable and safe, providing life-long immunity following a single dose vaccination.However, the vaccine production process is slow and cannot be readily scaled up during epidemics.This has led the world health organization (who) to recommend the use of fractional doses as a dose-sparing strategy during epidemics, but there are no randomized controlled trials of fractional yellow fever vaccine doses in africa.methods and analysis:we will recruit healthy adult volunteers, adults living with hiv, and children to a series of randomized controlled trials aiming to determine the immunogenicity and safety of fractional vaccine doses in comparison to the standard vaccine dose.The trials will be conducted across two sites; kilifi, kenya and mbarara, uganda.Recruited participants will be randomized to receive fractional or standard doses of yellow fever vaccine.Scheduled visits will include blood collection for serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) before vaccination and on various days - up to 2 years - post-vaccination.The primary outcome is the rate of seroconversion as measured by the plaque reduction neutralization test (prnt50) at 28 days post-vaccination.Secondary outcomes include antibody titre changes, longevity of the immune response, safety assessment using clinical data, the nature and magnitude of the cellular immune response and post-vaccination control of viremia by vaccine dose.ethics and dissemination:the clinical trial protocols have received approval from the relevant institutional ethics and regulatory review committees in kenya and uganda, and the who ethics review committee.The research findings will be disseminated through open-access publications and presented at relevant conferences and workshops.registration:clinical trials.gov nct02991495 (registered on 13 december 2016) and nct04059471 (registered on 15 august 2019).

Journal: Wellcome open research (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Au20(tBu3P)8: A Highly Symmetric Metalloid Gold Cluster in Oxidation State 0.

Metalloid gold clusters have unique properties with respect to size and structure and are key intermediates in studying transitions between molecular compounds and the bulk phase of the respective metal.In the following, the synthesis of the all-phosphine protected metalloid cluster au20(t bu3p)8, solely built from gold atoms in the oxidation state of 0 is reported.Single-crystal x-ray analysis revealed a highly symmetric hollow cube-octahedral arrangement of the gold atoms, resembling gold bulk structure.Quantum-chemical calculations illustrated the cluster can be described as a 20-electron superatom.Optical properties of the compound have shown molecular-like behavior.

Journal: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Sexual Harassment at the Workplace is Still a Hindrance among Midwives and Nurses Working in Northwestern Ethiopia Referral Hospitals: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction sexual harassment in the workplace is still the tip of the iceberg among front-line health workers, resulting in a high turnover of professionals, job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, and disharmonized health-care delivery.Research on the magnitude of workplace sexual harassment and factors associated with the workplace among nurses and midwives in ethiopia is lacking.The study aimed to assess the magnitude and its associated factors among nurses and midwives working in northwestern ethiopia referral hospitals.Methods this multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from april 11 to may 15, 2021 in northwestern ethiopia referral hospitals.A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data.Data were entered into epi info 7.2.3.2 and analyzed using spss version 25.Binary logistic regression was utilized to identify factors associated with sexual harassment, and associations were deemed significant at p<0.05.Results as the findings show, sexual harassment prevalence in the workplace among female nurses and midwives was found to be 17.4% (95% ci 14.5%-19.5%).Many nurses and midwives who had experienced sexual harassment were harassed by patients' families - 43.2%.Factors associated with sexual harassment in the workplace were being unmarried (aor 4, 95% ci 2.3-12.6), work experience of less than 5 years (aor 5, 95% ci 1.2-19), and participant age of 18-25 (aor 7.2, 95% ci 5.9-17) years, all strongly associated with the outcome variable.Conclusion and recommendation sexual harassment among midwives and nurses employed in northwestern ethiopia referral hospitals is not tolerable, as indicated in these findings.The government should address this by amending and reforming policies and strategies to obviate this problem.

Journal: Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The ongoing HIV epidemic in American youth: challenges and opportunities.

The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has been decreasing in the united states overall, except among youth, and in particular among black and latinx young men who have sex with men (msm).In this review we summarize key drivers of the hiv epidemic among youth, as well as novel interventions geared specifically towards combating the epidemic among high-risk populations.Many factors driving the hiv epidemic among youth are related to systemic inequities, including lack of access to healthcare, inadequate education, and internalized and experience homophobia and racism.Developmentally, youth may feel that they are invulnerable and be willing to engage in risks.Moreover, hiv is often invisible for youth given advances in treatment and community stigma, limiting open discussion of risk and new preventive modalities.Outcomes from the hiv treatment cascade suggest that youth are less likely to be aware of their hiv infection status, less likely to link to and be engaged in care, and less likely to be virologically suppressed than older msm and other populations of people living with hiv.Importantly, pre-exposure prophylaxis (pr ep) has been shown to be an effective tool for prevention of hiv infection that also appears to have disproportionately poor uptake among youth.Barriers to pr ep utilization appear to be quite heterogeneous, and include patient-, provider-, and structural-level barriers.Interventions important in improving hiv prevention will thus have to be multipronged and developed for culturally diverse populations.Cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions are promising strategies as they are able to address a diverse array of barriers.New formulations of pr ep will also likely be instrumental in improving adherence.Since youth spend considerable amounts of time accessing digital media, the deployment of apps and other mobile phone-based interfaces offer unique opportunities to increase education and to facilitate hiv prevention for at risk youth.Multiple studies are underway to better inform the optimal delivery of treatment and prevention services for this complex and diverse population, and include novel sociobiological interventions and new modes of medication delivery that may lend themselves to overcoming obstacles specific to youth.

Journal: mHealth (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Anti-factor H antibody and its role in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (a hus) an important form of a thrombotic microangiopathy (tma) that can frequently lead to acute kidney injury (aki).An important subset of a hus is the anti-factor h associated a hus.This variant of a hus can occur due to deletion of the complement factor h genes,cfhr1and cfhr3, along with the presence of anti-factor h antibodies.However, it is a point of interest to note that not all patients with anti-factor h associated a hus have a cfhr1/r3deletion.Factor-h has a vital role in the regulation of the complement system, specifically the alternate pathway.Therefore, dysregulation of the complement system can lead to inflammatory or autoimmune diseases.Patients with this disease respond well to treatment with plasma exchange therapy along with eculizumab and immunosuppressant therapy.Anti-factor h antibody associated a hus has a certain genetic predilection therefore there is focus on further advancements in the diagnosis and management of this disease.In this article we discuss the baseline characteristics of patients with anti-factor h associated a hus, their triggers, various treatment modalities and future perspectives.

Journal: Frontiers in immunology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Test and Microstructural Analysis of a Steel Slag Cement-Based Material Using the Response Surface Method.

In this study, the silica fume replacement rate, fly ash replacement rate, and curing temperature were regarded as the independent variables, and the compressive and flexural strengths were regarded as the response values.The response surface method was used to construct the response surface polynomial regression model and obtain the optimal preparation parameters of a steel slag cement-based gel slurry (scgs).The univariate and multivariate effects on the scgs's strength were investigated via analysis of variance and a three-dimensional surface model, and the hydration products and strength development law were characterized via scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction.The actual compressive strengths at 3 and 28 d of age were 31.78 and 53.94 mpa, respectively, which were close to the predicted values (32.59 and 55.81 mpa, respectively), demonstrating that the optimized strengths were accurate and reliable.Further, the hydration reaction rate of si o2in the silica fume and the physical filling effect of the inert components of fly ash and steel slag under the optimal parameters were the key factors for the early strength of the material.Moreover, continuous c3s hydration in steel slag and the continuous excitation of the volcanic ash properties of fly ash were important factors for the later strength.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
High-efficacy therapy reduces subcortical grey matter volume loss in Japanese patients with relapse-onset multiple sclerosis: A 2-year cohort study.

Different treatment strategies can have varying effects on disability and whole brain volume in patients with multiple sclerosis (ms).However, the association between regional brain volume and treatment efficacy is currently unclear.Our objective was to determine whether whole brain volume, as well as the regional volume of cortical and subcortical grey matter, differ with the administration of high-efficacy therapy (het) versus low-efficacy therapy (let).Methods we evaluated clinical data and change in regional brain volume in 44 patients with relapse-onset ms, who underwent het (n = 19) or let (n = 25).Regional brain volume was determined with three-dimensional t1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging using free surfer.The association between volume change and treatment type was assessed via generalised linear mixed models (glmms).Results during the observation period (2.0 ± 0.16 years), the proportion of patients with a "no evidence of disease activity-3′′ status was significantly greater in those who underwent het versus let (p = 0.012).Het was positively associated with volume changes in the cortex (β = 0.64, p = 0.0499), left (β = 0.98, p = 0.0033) and right (β = 0.77, p = 0.019) caudate and right putamen (β = 0.87, p = 0.0077), after adjusting for age, sex, and ms severity scores in the glmms.Further correction for multiple comparisons by false discovery rate revealed that het was consistently associated with the volume changes of the left caudate (p = 0.049) and right putamen (p = 0.049).Conclusion het can improve the mid-term prognosis of japanese patients with relapse-onset ms by reducing disease activity and regional brain volume loss.

Journal: Multiple sclerosis and related disorders (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Role of androgen receptor signaling pathway-related lncRNAs in the prognosis and immune infiltration of breast cancer.

Androgen receptor (ar) is strong association with breast cancer (brca).We aimed to investigate the effect of the androgen receptor signaling pathway-related long non-coding rnas (arsp-related lnc rnas) on the process of subtype classification and the tumor microenvironment (tme) of breast cancer (brca).Our study screen arsp-related lnc rnas for the construction of a risk model.The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ss gsea) method was used to detect the differences between the immune responses generated by the patients belonging to the low- and high-risk groups.The relationship between the arsp-related lnc rnas and tme was explored following the process of cluster analysis.The univariate cox analysis and the lasso regression analysis method was used to screen nine of these lnc rnas to develop a risk model.It was observed that risk score could function as an independent prognostic factor, affecting the prognoses of patients suffering from brca.The validity of the model was assessed by analyzing the generated calibration curves and a nomogram.Additionally, the effect of the risk score on the extent of immune cell infiltration realized in tme was explored.M2 macrophages correlated positively, whereas nk cells, cd4+ t cells, and naive b cells correlated negatively with the risk score.Results obtained using the cluster analysis indicated that immune scores correlated with clustered subtypes.Finally, the risk score and cluster subtypes were analyzed to study the sensitivity of the patients toward different drugs to identify the appropriate therapeutic agents.The prognoses of patients suffering from brca can be accurately predicted by arsp-related lnc rnas.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't