syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Clinical Utility of MicroPure US Imaging for Breast Microcalcifications.

To evaluate the performance of micro pure us imaging to detect and characterize microcalcifications.Materials and methods a total of 171 lesions with suspicious microcalcifications seen on mammography and b-mode us were included and simultaneously evaluated using micro pure us imaging.The size of microcalcifications was divided into small (punctate, amorphous, fine pleomorphic, and fine linear) and large (coarse heterogeneous), and the extent was divided into narrow (grouped) and wide (others).Micro pure us imaging visibility was divided into four types based on the number of microcalcifications on the two images: b > m (more on b-mode), b = m (similar), b < m (more on micro pure), and negative.Triple pairwise comparison was used to evaluate the imaging features according to the micro pure us imaging visibility.Results among the 171 lesions examined, 157 lesions (91.8%) were detected by micro pure us imaging.The proportion of breast imaging reporting and data system (bi-rads) category 4a was significantly higher in the micro pure positive group, and that of category 4b was significantly higher in the micro pure negative group (p= 0.035).The other imaging features did not differ.Among the positive micro pure subgroups, all features showed no significant difference.Conclusion micro pure us imaging demonstrated 91.8% positivity in detecting microcalcifications on b-mode us.Micro pure us imaging visibility correlated with the bi-rads category of microcalcifications.

Journal: Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Fresh pomegranate juices from cultivars and local ecotypes grown in southeastern Italy: comparison of physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds.

Pomegranate juice has gained attention for its health properties, becoming consequently a highly demanded product.The revival of the pomegranate in italy, as in other mediterranean countries, starts with the planting of new intensive orchards characterized by both the new cultivation technique and new varieties.As a result of growing demand and high productivity, pomegranate could become an interesting crop to diversify farm income.This study seeks to determine the aril juice quality attributes and bioactive compounds of six pomegranate cultivars ('mollar', 'dente di cavallo', 'acco', 'jolly red', 'wonderful' and 'wonderful super') and two local ecotypes ('eco ba' and 'eco fg') grown in apulia region, southern italy.Results the aril juices were evaluated for their main physicochemical properties (yield, color, p h, total soluble solids content, titratable acidity, sugar-acid ratio), chemical and bioactive compounds (vitamin c, phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant activities).'eco ba', 'mollar' and 'jolly red' genotypes were characterized by the highest maturity index, and then could be considered to be sweet-sour in taste.Total phenols and antioxidant activity were higher in 'dente di cavallo' and 'eco fg' genotypes.'eco fg' was also the richest in vitamin c, punicalagin and ellagic acids, while 'dente di cavallo', 'acco' and 'wonderful' showed the highest content of the detected anthocyanin compounds.Conclusion these results contribute to current knowledge about chemical composition, phenolic contents, anthocyanin profiles and antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice from different genotypes, showing in most cases an appreciable juice quality and bioactive profile, although significant differences among them were detected.© 2021 the authors.Journal of the science of food and agriculture published by john wiley & sons ltd on behalf of society of chemical industry.

Journal: Journal of the science of food and agriculture (2022)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article
Recent advances in treatment Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus: A concise overview.

The crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is widespread in africa, asia, and europe, among other places.The disease was initially discovered in the crimean cities of the soviet union and the congo, and it was given the name crimean congo because it induces hemorrhagic fever.According to studies, when the virus enters the body, it settles in immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, causing them to malfunction and secrete inflammatory cytokines such as tnf-alpha, il1, and il6, resulting in cytokine storms that induces shock via endothelial activation and vascular leakage, while on the other hand, clots and disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic) formation causes massive defects in various organs such as the liver and kidneys, as well as fatal bleeding.Disease prevention and treatment are crucial since no other effective vaccination against the disease has yet been developed.Immunotherapy is utilized as a consequence.One of the most effective treatments, when combined with compensatory therapies such as blood and platelet replacement, water, electrolytes, fresh frozen plasma (ffp) replacement, and other compensatory therapies, is one of the most effective treatments.Studies; show that immunotherapy using ivig and neutralizing and non-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies; cytokine therapy, and anti-inflammatory therapy using corticosteroids are effective ways to treat the disease.

Journal: Microbial pathogenesis (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Optimizing the Composition of Irrigation Fluid to Reduce the Potency ofStaphylococcus aureusα-Toxin: Potential Role in the Treatment of Septic Arthritis.

Septic arthritis is commonly caused by staphylococcus aureusand is a medical emergency requiring antibiotics and joint irrigation.The bacteria produce α-toxin causing rapid cartilage cell (chondrocyte) death.Saline (0.9%na cl) lavage is normally used to remove bacteria and toxins, however, its composition might be suboptimal to suppress the lethal effects of α-toxin.We utilized rabbit erythrocyte hemolysis as a sensitive, biologically relevant assay of α-toxin levels to determine if changes to osmolarity, temperature, p h, and divalent cation (mg2+, ca2+) concentration were protective.Design erythrocytes were incubated in the various conditions and then exposed to α-toxin ("chronic" challenge) or incubated with α-toxin and then exposed to experimental conditions ("acute" challenge).Results raising osmolarity from 300 m osm (0.9%na cl) to 400, 600, or 900 m osm (sucrose addition) when applied chronically, significantly reduced hemolysis linearly.As an acute challenge, osmotic protection was significant and similar over 400 to 900 m osm.Reducing temperature chronically from 37°c to 25°c and 4°c significantly reduced hemolysis, however, when applied as an acute challenge although significant, was less marked.Divalent cations (mg2+, ca2+at 5m m) reduced hemolysis.Varying p h (6.5, 7.2, 8.0) applied chronically marginally reduced hemolysis.The optimized saline (0.9% na cl; 900 m osm with sucrose, 5 m m mg cl2(37°c)) rapidly and significantly reduced hemolysis compared with saline and hank's buffered saline solution applied either chronically or acutely.Conclusions these results on the effect of s.Aureusα-toxin on erythrocytes showed that optimizing saline could markedly reduce the potency of s.Aureusα-toxin.Such modifications to saline could be of benefit during joint irrigation for septic arthritis.

Journal: Cartilage (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Identification of biotransformation products of organophosphate ester from various aquatic species by suspect and non-target screening approach.

Organic pollutants that are introduced into the aquatic ecosystem can transform by various mechanisms.Biotransformation is an important process for predicting the remaining structures of pollutants in the ecosystem, and their toxicity.This study focused on triphenyl phosphate (tphp), which is a commonly used organophosphate flame retardant and plasticizer.Since tphp is particularly toxic to aquatic organisms, it is essential to understand its biotransformation in the aquatic environment.In the aquatic ecosystem, based on consideration of the producer-consumer-decomposer relationship, the biotransformation products of tphp were identified, and their toxicity was predicted.Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was used for target, suspect, and non-target analysis.The obtained biotransformation products were estimated for toxicity based on the prediction model.As a result, 29 kinds of tphp biotransformation products were identified in the aquatic ecosystem.Diphenyl phosphate was detected as a common biotransformation product through a hydrolysis reaction.In addition, products were identified by the biotransformation mechanisms of green algae, daphnid, fish, and microorganism.Most of the biotransformation products were observed to be less toxic than the parent compound due to detoxification except some products (hydroquinone, beta-lyase products, palmitoyl/stearyl conjugated products).Since various species exist in a close relationship with each other in an ecosystem, an integrated approach for not only single species but also various connected species is essential.

Journal: Water research (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Protocol for the Request of Knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Elderly Patients with Suspected Osteoarthritis: Reduction in Test Requests and Impact on Management and Diagnosis.

To develop an evidence-based protocol to guide magnetic resonance imaging (mri) requests in elderly patients with suspected knee osteoarthrosis and to evaluate its effectiveness after implementation.methods the institutional protocol was developed after reviewing the literature during the first semester of 2018.The control group was defined as patients cared for in the first semester of 2018, before the implementation/dissemination of the institutional protocol, and the study group was composed by patients cared for during the second semester of 2018 after the standardization of mri requests for suspected knee osteoarthrosis.results our sample included 826 patients undergoing knee mri, with a mean age of 69.3 years.Protocol implementation decreased mri requests and increased radiograph requests (p< 0.001).After the implementation of the protocol, the mri changed the diagnosis or treatment in only 11.2% of the cases.conclusion protocol implementation resulted in a 47.5% reduction in the number of requests for knee mri, with most (89%) patients with alteration in diagnosis or treatment.Level of evidence: case-control study (iiib).

Journal: Revista brasileira de ortopedia (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Sex differences in mental disorder symptoms among Canadian police officers: the mediating role of social support, stress, and sleep quality.

Police officers, and specifically women officers, report elevated mental disorder rates relative to the general population, which may be impacted by sleep quality, policing-related stress, and social support.In a sample of canadian police officers, sex was indirectly related to post traumatic stress, depression, generalized anxiety, panic, and social anxiety symptoms through its relationships with social support and sleep quality, but not through policing-related stress.Sex was indirectly related to problematic alcohol use symptoms through sleep quality only.Differences in clinical symptom severity between both sexes may be partially accounted for by the worsened sleep quality reported by women officers relative to their men counterparts.Conversely, general social support appears to be a protective, albeit insufficient, factor influencing the mental health of women police officers.Male and women police officers did not differ in their reports of policing-related stress.The current results underscore the importance of incorporating strategies to improve sleep practices into police workplace environments.Additionally, findings that general social support and policing-related stress do not help explain the trend of increased clinical severity reported by women police suggest that more research is still needed to identify and delineate other contributing factors.

Journal: Cognitive behaviour therapy (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Wheat drought-responsive WXPL transcription factors regulate cuticle biosynthesis genes.

The cuticle forms a hydrophobic waxy layer that covers plant organs and provides protection from biotic and abiotic stresses.Transcription of genes responsible for cuticle formation is regulated by several types of transcription factors (tfs).Five orthologous to wax production (wxp1 and wxp2) genes from medicago truncatula were isolated from a c dna library prepared from flag leaves and spikes of drought tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum, breeding line rac875) and designated ta wxp-like (ta wxpl) genes.Tissue-specific and drought-responsive expression of ta wxpl1d and ta wxpl2b was investigated by quantitative rt-pcr in two australian wheat genotypes, rac875 and kukri, with contrasting glaucousness and drought tolerance.Rapid dehydration and/or slowly developing cyclic drought induced specific expression patterns of wxpl genes in flag leaves of the two cultivars rac875 and kukri.Ta wxpl1d and ta wxpl2b proteins acted as transcriptional activators in yeast and in wheat cell cultures, and conserved sequences in their activation domains were localised at their c-termini.The involvement of wheat wxpl tfs in regulation of cuticle biosynthesis was confirmed by transient expression in wheat cells, using the promoters of wheat genes encoding two cuticle biosynthetic enzymes, the 3-ketoacyl-co a-synthetase and the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase.Using the yeast 1-hybrid (y1h) assay we also demonstrated the differential binding preferences of ta wxpl1d and ta wxpl2b towards three stress-related dna cis-elements.Protein structural determinants underlying binding selectivity were revealed using comparative 3d molecular modelling of ap2 domains in complex with cis-elements.A scheme is proposed, which links the roles of wxpl and cuticle-related myb tfs in regulation of genes responsible for the synthesis of cuticle components.

Journal: Plant molecular biology (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Validation of multiplex PCR sequencing assay of SIV.

The generation of accurate and reproducible viral sequence data is necessary to understand the diversity present in populations of rna viruses isolated from clinical samples.While various sequencing methods are available, they often require high quality templates and high viral titer to ensure reliable data.Methods we modified a multiplex pcr and sequencing approach to characterize populations of simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) isolated from nonhuman primates.We chose this approach with the aim of reducing the number of required input templates while maintaining fidelity and sensitivity.We conducted replicate sequencing experiments using different numbers of quantified viral rna (v rna) or viral c dna as input material.We performed assays with clonal sivmac239 to detect false positives, and we mixed sivmac239 and a variant with 24 point mutations (sivmac239-24x) to measure variant detection sensitivity.Results we found that utilizing a starting material of quantified viral c dna templates had a lower rate of false positives and increased reproducibility when compared to that of quantified v rna templates.This study identifies the importance of rigorously validating deep sequencing methods and including replicate samples when using a new method to characterize low frequency variants in a population with a small number of templates.Conclusions because the need to generate reproducible and accurate sequencing data from diverse viruses from low titer samples, we modified a multiplex pcr and sequencing approach to characterize siv from populations from non-human primates.We found that increasing starting template numbers increased the reproducibility and decreased the number of false positives identified, and this was further seen when c dna was used as a starting material.Ultimately, we highlight the importance of vigorously validating methods to prevent overinterpretation of low frequency variants in a sample.

Journal: Virology journal (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Validation Study
Development of a New Voltammetric Method for Aceclofenac Determination on Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Hierarchical Nanocomposite.

Aceclofenac (acl) is an anti-inflammatory drug, which is taken by patients who mainly suffer from rheumatoid conditions.In this work, we propose a new voltammetric method that allows the determination of acl in pharmaceutics, urine, and plasma.As a working electrode, a glassy carbon electrode (gce) modified with carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and ni co nanoparticles (e cnf/cnt/ni co-gce) was used.The mentioned sensors are characterized by good repeatability and sensitivity, and their process of preparation is simple, fast, and cost-effective.Instrumental and method parameters were optimized, and the influence of interferences was investigated.To validate the analytical performance of the method, calibration was conducted.Good linearity was obtained (0.05-1.4 μm, r = 0.998), as well as excellent limit of detection (lod) and limit of quantification (loq) values (0.7 n m and 2.1 n m, respectively).Calculated recoveries that were in the range of 98%-105% indicate that this method is accurate and might be used in routine laboratory practice.

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Association between Serum Triglycerides and Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) among U.S. Males: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003-2010.

(1) background: increasing evidence indicates that lipid metabolism may influence the concentration of prostate-specific antigen (psa).However, the association between triglycerides and psa remains unclear and complicated.Hence, we evaluated the correlation between triglycerides and psa based on the u.s.National health and nutrition examination survey (nhanes) database.(2) methods: a total of 2910 participants out of 41,156 participants fit into our study after conducting the screening from the 2003 to 2010 nhanes survey.Serum triglycerides were the independent variable of our study, and psa was the dependent variable; (3) results: in our study, the average age of chosen participants was 59.7 years (±12.7).After adjusting for covariates, the result indicated that for each additional unit of serum triglyceride (mg/d l), the psa concentrations were reduced by 0.0043 ng/m l (-0.0082, -0.0005) with a statistical difference.Furthermore, we used machine learning of the xgboost model to determine the relative importance of selected variables as well as constructed a smooth curve based on the fully adjusted model to investigate the possible linear relationship between the triglyceride and psa concentrations.(4) conclusions: the serum triglyceride is independently and negatively correlated with psa among american males, which may make it hard to detect asymptomatic prostate cancer and diagnose at an advance stage with higher triglycerides due to detection bias.

Journal: Nutrients (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Assessment of Body Mass Index, Polygenic Risk Score, and Development of Colorectal Cancer.

Importance excess weight, the prevalence of which is high and increasing in many countries, is linked to multiple adverse health outcomes, including increased colorectal cancer (crc) risk.Better communication of health risks associated with excess weight might support efforts of prevention.Objective to evaluate the individual and joint associations of body mass index (bmi) and polygenic risk with crc, to assess potential interactions among them, and to quantify by how much increased polygenic risk for crc can be offset by having a bmi within reference range.Design, setting, and participants this population-based case-control study was conducted in the rhine-neckar region of southwest germany, with recruitment from 2003 to 2017.Participants with both risk factor and genetic information were included for analysis.Data analysis was conducted from december 8, 2021, to february 17, 2022.Exposures bmi was calculated as self-reported weight in kilograms approximately 10 years before diagnosis or interview and current height in meters squared.A polygenic risk score (prs) was built based on 140 crc-related risk loci.Main outcomes and measures individual and joint associations of bmi and prs with crc were estimated using multiple logistic regression.Associations of excess weight with crc were quantified by adjusted odds ratios (a ors) and genetic risk equivalents (gres), the equivalent outcomes conveyed by defined differences in prs percentiles.Results among 9169 participants (median [iqr] age, 69 [62-76] years; 5589 [61.0%] male participants) included, 5053 had crc and 4116 did not.Bmi of 30 or greater was associated with higher odds of having crc compared with bmi less than 25 (a or, 1.71; 95% ci, 1.49-1.97), independent of prs levels (p for interaction = .45).Participants with bmi of 30 or greater and a prs in the highest tertile had higher odds of crc compared with participants with bmi less than 25 and a prs in the lowest tertile (a or, 3.82; 95% ci, 3.03-4.82).The estimated association of bmi greater than 30 with crc risk was equivalent to that of having a 41 (95% ci, 29-53)-percentile higher prs.Bmi of 30 or greater was particularly associated with stage iv crc (a or, 2.21; 95% ci, 1.71-2.84).Conclusions and relevance these findings suggest that excess weight was associated with crc regardless of prs levels.The association of having a bmi within reference range may be similar to that of having a substantially lower polygenic risk for crc.

Journal: JAMA network open (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A chocolate cake or a chocolate vape? Young adults describe their relationship with food and weight in the context of nicotine vaping.

Introduction emerging research has found that some young adults report vaping nicotine to control appetite and lose weight.Yet, there is little research on how young adults use vaping to manage weight, where they learn about weight-motivated vaping, and the role that food and weight motivations play in decisions to vape.Methods we conducted one-on-one qualitative interviews with young adults aged 18-25 years old in los angeles, california (n = 62) from june 2018 to june 2019, who self-reported using e-cigarettes on a weekly basis or more for at least 5 months prior to study enrollment.Interviews examined participants' thoughts, feelings, and experiences related to e-cigarette use, including their understanding of the relation of vaping with eating behaviors and weight management.We analyzed the interviews using the rigorous and accelerated data reduction (rada r) technique.Results participants reported pairing nicotine vaping with caffeinated beverages like coffee, pop/soda, tea, and after every meal (like patterns of combustible cigarette use).Participants also reported vaping nicotine as a tool to avoid binge eating and increase concentration while studying.Reports of vaping effecting appetite and eating behaviors also emerged.Vaping nicotine to suppress appetite and/or achieve weight loss was often reported in conjunction with an eating disorder.Participants reported learning about weight-motivated vaping from peers or deducing from cigarette effects and their own experiences with nicotine.Others mentioned controlling food cravings by vaping a similar e-liquid flavor.Conclusion nicotine vaping was used as a tool to control weight and suppress appetite, paralleling food- and weight-related behaviors associated with cigarette use.Findings suggest a need for targeted interventions that address the role of nicotine vaping in eating/weight-related behaviors.

Journal: Appetite (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article