syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Nursing Workload as a Mortality Predictor in Intensive Care Units (ICU) Using the Nursing Activities Score (NAS) Scale.

Introduction nursing activities score scales are valuable instruments for assessing the quality of nursing care provided in critically ill patients and easy to use in validating nurse staffing.The aim of this study was the assessment of nursing workload (nw) as a predictive factor of mortality by using the nursing activities score (nas) scale.Materials and methods in this cross-sectional study of 91 days during 2019, convenience sampling was employed to recruit 82 registered nurses (rn) from three intensive care units (icus) of two public hospitals with 41 beds in total.Data were collected using the nas scale, the researcher's observation, the information given by the staff, and the nursing care reports.Descriptive and inductive statistics were used with significance level α = 0.05.The statistical package for social sciences (spss 25.0) was used for analyzing the data.Results females were the majority of the sample (84.1%), with a mean age of 38.9 (7.7) years, 87.8% had a nursing degree from a technological educational institute (t.e.i), the average working experience was 14 (8.1) years and the icu experience was 12.9 (8.5) years.There were 3764 daily records of nas with an average of 54.81 (2.34) and total nas of 756.51 (150.27).The nw of the first day's admission in the icu was 65.15 (13.05), nw was 13.15 h/day and the nw of patients who died was 57.37 (4.06).The optimal nurse/patient ratio (npr) was 1:1.82, while the existing npr was 1:2.86.The mortality rate was 28.7%.Conclusion although the study results did not demonstrate a significant correlation between nw and mortality, the nw in icu appeared to be relatively higher for patients who died than for those who survived.This result may serve as an indication for a positive correlation between these two variables.In addition, nw was found to be moderate, while one icu nurse can take care of more than one patient.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Association between Working Time and Burnout Syndrome in Peruvian Military during the Second Epidemic Wave of COVID-19.

There is scant evidence on the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on burnout in front-line military personnel and how working time may influence on this condition.We aimed to determine the association between working time and burnout syndrome in military personnel.A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data among 576 military personnel from lambayeque, peru during the second wave of covid-19 in 2021.We used the maslach burnout inventory instrument to measure burnout syndrome.We evaluated its association with work time, measured as the number of months that the military member worked during the pandemic.The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 9%.Of the total sample, 39.1% and 10.3% presented depersonalization and emotional exhaustion, respectively.Military personnel working for more than 18 months had a 104% higher prevalence of burnout syndrome (pr: 2.04, 95%ci: 1.02-4.10).Exposure to a prolonged work time during the pandemic increased the prevalence of burnout syndrome in military personnel.This information helps to understand the potential effects of the pandemic on this population and provides insight into the time the military members would need rest to prevent burnout syndrome.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Different roles of concurring climate and regional land-use changes in past 40 years' insect trends.

Climate and land-use changes are main drivers of insect declines, but their combined effects have not yet been quantified over large spatiotemporal scales.We analysed changes in the distribution (mean occupancy of squares) of 390 insect species (butterflies, grasshoppers, dragonflies), using 1.45 million records from across bioclimatic gradients of switzerland between 1980 and 2020.We found no overall decline, but strong increases and decreases in the distributions of different species.For species that showed strongest increases (25% quantile), the average proportion of occupied squares increased in 40 years by 0.128 (95% credible interval: 0.123-0.132), which equals an average increase in mean occupancy of 71.3% (95% ci: 67.4-75.1%) relative to their 40-year mean occupancy.For species that showed strongest declines (25% quantile), the average proportion decreased by 0.0660 (95% ci: 0.0613-0.0709), equalling an average decrease in mean occupancy of 58.3% (95% ci: 52.2-64.4%).Decreases were strongest for narrow-ranged, specialised, and cold-adapted species.Short-term distribution changes were associated to both climate changes and regional land-use changes.Moreover, interactive effects between climate and regional land-use changes confirm that the various drivers of global change can have even greater impacts on biodiversity in combination than alone.In contrast, 40-year distribution changes were not clearly related to regional land-use changes, potentially reflecting mixed changes in local land use after 1980.Climate warming however was strongly linked to 40-year changes, indicating its key role in driving insect trends of temperate regions in recent decades.

Journal: Nature communications (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Is intersexuality a mere difference or disorder?

Is intersexuality a mere difference or disorder?Since the 2006 chicago consensus statement's disorder of sexual development (dsd) nomenclature, intersex scholars have criticized and repudiated the use of "disorder" by arguing that it is medically inaccurate, yields unwarranted surgical implications, unnecessarily pathologizes intersex individuals, and that, most importantly, intersex individuals do not prefer it.They argue for linguistic alternatives such as "difference" and other similar alternatives, for example, "variation," "divergence," and so forth.These criticisms of "disorder" have had significant uptake by scholars writing on intersexuality.While the motivation(s) for using "mere difference" is doubtless rooted in beneficence for intersex persons, medically inaccurate intersex terminology compromises optimal clinical care and should consequently be either abandoned or revised.This focus paper argues (moderately) for the thesis that some cases of intersex are disorders, and some mere differences.The upshot of my proposal is not only that it conceptually disambiguates disorder and mere difference, but by failing to generalize unique intersex individuals their care is prioritized.

Journal: Bioethics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Phase Composition, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia.

It is known that the yttria-stabilized zirconia (ysz) material has superior thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties.This material is used for manufacturing products and components of air heaters, hydrogen reformers, cracking furnaces, fired heaters, etc.This work is aimed at searching for the optimal sintering mode of ysz ceramics that provides a high crack growth resistance.Beam specimens of zr o2ceramics doped with 6, 7, and 8 mol% y2o3(hereinafter: 6ysz, 7ysz, and 8ysz) were prepared using a conventional sintering technique.Four sintering temperatures (1450 °c, 1500 °c, 1550 °c, and 1600 °c) were used for the 6ysz series and two sintering temperatures (1550 °c and 1600 °c) were used for the 7ysz and 8ysz series.The series of sintered specimens were ground and polished to reach a good surface quality.Several mechanical tests of the materials were performed, namely, the microhardness test, fracture toughness test by the indentation method, and single-edge notch beam (senb) test under three-point bending.Based on xrd analysis, the phase balance (percentages of tetragonal, cubic, and monoclinic zr o2phases) of each composition was substantiated.The morphology of the fracture surfaces of specimens after both the fracture toughness tests was studied in relation to the mechanical behavior of the specimens and the microstructure of corresponding materials.Sem-edx analysis was used for microstructural characterization.It was found that both the yttria percentage and sintering temperature affect the mechanical behavior of the ceramics.Optimal chemical composition and sintering temperature were determined for the studied series of ceramics.The maximum transformation toughening effect was revealed for zr o2-6 mol% y2o3ceramics during indentation.However, in the case of a senb test, the maximum transformation toughening effect in the crack tip vicinity was found in zr o2-7 mol% y2o3ceramics.The conditions for obtaining ysz ceramics with high fracture toughness are discussed.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Assessment of Subclinical Deterioration of Right Ventricular Function by Three-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy.

This study was aimed at assessing the longitudinal strain changes of rv function using three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3d ste) in breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline chemotherapy.Patients and methods a total of 95 women with breast cancer receiving epirubicin (360 mg/m2) underwent 3d ste at baseline, the end of chemotherapy and 12 months after chemotherapy.3d ste assessment included rv ejection fraction (ef), lv global longitudinal strain (gls), rv gls, and rv free wall longitudinal strain (rv fwls).Meanwhile, serum hs-c tn i and nt-pro bnp were measured.Chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction (ctrcd) was defined as an absolute decrease in 3d lvef > 10% to a value 15% indicated subclinical ctrcd.Results subclinical ctrcd occurred in 10 (10.5%) patients during follow-up.Compared to baseline, the 3d gls of lv and gls and fwls of rv decreased significantly at 12months after chemotherapy (all p<0.01).Variations of 3d rv gls and rv fwls had a good discrimination for predicting subclinical ctrcd.The variation of 3d rv fwls was the only independent predictor of subclinical ctrcd (or, 1.37; 95% ci, 1.12-2.87; p = 0.028) in multivariate analysis.The cutoff value with -17.5% of 3d rv fwls variation had a high predictive accuracy for subclinical ctrcd, with an auc of 0.74, 80.5% sensitivity and 65.8% specificity.The association between 3d rv fwls and the cumulative dose of anthracyclines was calculated by spearman's test (r = -0.71, p < 0.001).Conclusion longitudinal strain analysis by 3d ste allows the identification of subclinical rv dysfunction when conventional indices of rv function are unaffected.3d rv fwls was superior to other parameters in early detection of the development of ctrcd in breast cancer patients receiving epirubicin therapy.

Journal: International journal of general medicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Patient factors associated with new prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications in multimorbid US older adults using multiple medications.

The use of potentially inappropriate medications (pims) is common in older adults and is associated with potential negative consequences, such as falls and cognitive decline.Our objective was to investigate measurable patient factors associated with new outpatient prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications in older multimorbid adults already using multiple medications.Methods in this retrospective us cohort study, we used linked medicare pharmacy and medical claims and electronic health record data from a large healthcare system in massachusetts between 2007 and 2014.We identified patients aged ≥65 years with an office visit who had not been prescribed or used a pim in the prior 180 days.Pims were defined using 2019 beers criteria of the american geriatrics society.To specifically evaluate factors in patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, we selected those who filled medications for ≥90 days (i.e., chronic use) from ≥5 pharmaceutical classes in the prior 180 days and had ≥2 chronic conditions.Multivariable cox regression analysis was used to estimate the association between baseline demographic and clinical characteristics on the probability of being prescribed a pim in the 90-day follow-up period.Results in total, we identified 17,912 patients aged ≥65 years with multimorbidity and polypharmacy who were naïve to a pim in the prior 180 days.Of those, 10,497 (58.6%) were female, and mean age was 78 (sd = 7.5).On average, patients had 5.1 (sd = 2.3) chronic conditions and previously filled 6.1 (sd = 1.4) chronic medications.In total, 447 patients (2.5%) were prescribed a pim during the 90-day follow-up.Male sex (adjusted hazard ratio (hr) = 1.29; 95%ci: 1.06-1.57), age (≥85 years: hr = 0.75, 95%ci: 0.56-0.99, 75-84 years: hr = 0.87, 95%ci: 0.71-1.07; reference: 65-74 years), ambulatory visits (18-29 visits: hr = 1.42, 95%ci: 1.06-1.92; ≥30 visits: hr = 2.12, 95%ci: 1.53-2.95; reference: ≤9 visits), number of prescribing orders (hr = 1.02, 95%ci: 1.01-1.02 per 1-unit increase), and heart failure (hr = 1.38, 95%ci: 1.07-1.78) were independently associated with being newly prescribed a pim.Conclusion several demographic and clinical characteristics, including factors suggesting lack of care coordination and increased clinical complexity, were found to be associated with the new prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications.This knowledge could inform the design of interventions and policies to optimize pharmacotherapy for these patients.

Journal: BMC geriatrics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Objectively Measured Intensity-specific Physical Activity and Hippocampal Volume Among Community-dwelling Older Adults.

The hippocampus is a brain structure important for memory and cognitive function.Physical activity may help prevent hippocampal atrophy.However, few studies have measured sedentary behavior (sb) and intensity-specific physical activity using an accelerometer.This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations of objectively-determined sb, light-intensity physical activity (lpa), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (mvpa) measured by an accelerometer with hippocampal volume among community-dwelling older adults using compositional data analysis (co da) approach.Methods this cross-sectional study was part of the neuron to environmental impact across generations (neige) study.A randomly recruited sample of 485 japanese older adults (47% male; aged 65-84 years) wore tri-axial accelerometers (omron healthcare) for 7 consecutive days in 2017.Hippocampal volume was measured with magnetic resonance imaging and the left and right hippocampal volumes were automatically segmented using free surfer software.Associations of sedentary and physically active behaviors with hippocampal volume were examined with compositional linear regression analysis based on isometric log-ratio transformations of time use adjusted for potential confounding factors.Results the relative proportion of time spent in mvpa, compared to the other two activities, was significantly positively associated with right hippocampal volume (β: 57.1, p-value = 0.027).However, no association existed between higher proportions of mvpa and left hippocampal volume, or between proportions of sb or lpa with either left or right hippocampal volumes.Conclusion the proportion of time spent in mvpa, relative to the other two activities, was significantly positively associated with right hippocampal volume.Mvpa may be beneficial for maintaining hippocampal volume.

Journal: Journal of epidemiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
On Investigating the Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of Hybrid FeGr1/SiC/Gr Metal Matrix Composites.

In recent years, studies of different properties of hybrid metal matrix composites, as well as very detailed issues, have been published.In this article, ready-made iron, graphite, and silicon carbide powders were used to produce the base material and composites.An analysis of some microstructural and mechanical properties, as well as the tribological behavior of metal matrix composites (mmcs), based on fe gr1 sintered material with the single and hybrid addition of a silicon carbide and graphite was undertaken.During the study, the flexural and compressive strength of mmcs were analyzed and changes of the momentary coefficient of friction, the temperature of friction, as well as wear rates of the mmcs tested were monitored.Based on the results, it was revealed that wear rates decreased 12-fold in comparison to the base material when si c or si c + gr were added.Further research into mmcs with ceramic particle additives is proposed.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Child Sexual Abuse, Self-esteem, and Delinquent Behaviors During Adolescence: The Moderating Role of Gender.

To reflect the complex phenomena of child sexual abuse (csa), studies should examine possible gender specificities and explore potentially explanatory mechanisms.The current study aimed to test the moderating effect of gender in the mediated relationship between csa, self-esteem, and delinquency during adolescence.A moderated mediation model was tested among a representative sample of 8,194 high school students (57.8% girls and 42.2% boys) age 14 to 18 in the province of quebec in canada.Results showed that self-esteem has an indirect effect on the relationship between csa and delinquency.Gender (being a boy) was associated with a higher level of self-esteem and an increased risk of delinquent behaviors.Among victims of csa, boys reported lower levels of self-esteem than girls, which was associated with an increased risk of displaying delinquent behaviors.Self-esteem may be an important target of intervention for sexually abused youth, especially for boys.Focusing on promoting positive self-esteem may also reduce the risk for male adolescents struggling with the deleterious consequences of delinquency.

Journal: Journal of interpersonal violence (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Pain descriptors and determinants of pain sensitivity in knee osteoarthritis: a community-based cross-sectional study.

S the aim was to explore pain characteristics in individuals with knee oa (koa), to compare pain sensitivity across individuals with koa, individuals with chronic back pain (cbp) and pain-free individuals (np) and to examine the relationship between clinical characteristics and pain sensitivity and between pain characteristics and pain sensitivity in koa.Methods we carried out a cross-sectional, community-based online survey.Two data sets were combined, consisting of dutch individuals ≥40 years of age, who were experiencing chronic knee pain (koa,n= 445), chronic back pain (cbp,n= 504) or no pain (np,n= 256).Demographic and clinical characteristics, global health, physical activity/exercise and pain characteristics, including intensity, spreading, duration, quality (short-form mc gill pain questionnaire) and sensitivity (pain sensitivity questionnaire), were assessed.Differences between (sub)groups were examined using analyses of variance or χ2tests.Regression analyses were performed to examine determinants of pain sensitivity in the koa group.Results the quality of pain was most commonly described as aching, tender and tiring-exhausting.Overall, the koa group had higher levels of pain sensitivity compared with the np group, but lower levels than the cbp group.Univariately, pain intensity, its variability and spreading, global health, exercise and having co-morbidities were weakly related to pain sensitivity (standardized β: 0.12-0.27).Symptom duration was not related to pain sensitivity.Older age, higher levels of continuous pain, lower levels of global health, and exercise contributed uniquely, albeit modestly, to pain sensitivity (p<0.05).Conclusion continuous pain, such as aching and tenderness, in combination with decreased physical activity might be indicative for a subgroup of individuals at risk for pain sensitivity and, ultimately, poor treatment outcomes.

Journal: Rheumatology advances in practice (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Evaluation of menopausal hormone therapy use in Korea (2002-2013): A nationwide cohort study.

The study aimed to evaluate the degree of menopausal hormonal therapy (mht) use and the related trends, as well as the characteristics of korean women who used mht by type of hormone therapy.Methods women aged ≥40 years were selected using data from the korea national insurance service-national sample cohort 2002-2013 database.Mht entailed either estrogen therapy or estrogen plus progestogen therapy, as categorized by the anatomical therapeutic chemical system.The prevalence of mht use was calculated as the number of women with prescriptions annually and the level of hormone consumption was calculated using the defined daily dose (ddd).Results the proportion of mht users among women aged ≥40 years was 7.8 % in 2002, which decreased to 6.3 % in 2013.The overall mht consumption level in 2002 was 27.5 ddds/1000 inhabitants/day.There was a sharp decline in the first few years after 2002 and this value decreased to 12.5 did in 2013; however, the decrease had lessened from 2006 to 2013 and differed by ht type, administration route, age, and income level.During the 11-year follow-up, over 70 % of women were prescribed mht for less than 1 year, while only 11.8 % had a prescription for 3 years or more, and women who started treatment at age 45-59 years showed longer treatment duration.Conclusions since 2002, mht use among korean women, especially overall mht consumption, has declined remarkably.Regarding the pattern of use among women who took hormone preparations during 2002-2013, mht was used around menopause, over the short term only, and at low dose.

Journal: Maturitas (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Emerging resistance to beta-lactams in Pantoea ananatis isolated from an immunocompetent patient with bacteremia.

We observed an emerging resistance to β-lactams in a p.Ananatis bacteremia case.Whole genome sequence analysis detected two β-lactamase genes as well as related genes that regulate the β-lactamase genes in the chromosome.The induction experiment resulted in the expression of the class a β-lactamase gene in the isolate.

Journal: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Report on antennal sensilla of Aphelocheirus ellipsoideus (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Aphelocheiridae).

The comparative morphology study on antennal sensilla of aphelocheirus ellipsoideus from the family aphelocheiridae, carried out with the use of a scanning electron microscope, is provided.Five main types of mechano-, chemo-, and thermo-hygroreceptive sensilla with two subtypes of sensilla basiconica were found and described on their surface, including sensilla trichodea, campaniformia, basiconica, ampullacea, and plate-like.Antennal sensilla of a.Ellipsoideus on macropterous and brachypterous forms were different.

Journal: Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article