syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
A multilevel Bayesian meta-analysis of the body inversion effect: Evaluating controversies over headless and sexualized bodies.

Face and body perception rely on specialized processing mechanisms to interpret social information efficiently.The body inversion effect (bie), refers to an inversion effect for bodies, such that recognition of bodies is impaired by inversion.The bie, like the face inversion effect (fie), is particularly important because a disproportionate bie relative to inversion effects for objects could be interpreted in much the same way as the disproportionate fie has often been characterized; that is, as evidence of specialized, configural processing.However, research supporting the bie is marked by methodological heterogeneity and mixed findings.Our multilevel bayesian meta-analysis addresses inconsistencies in the literature by pooling data from numerous studies to estimate the magnitude of the bie across various methodological and stimulus properties.We included 180 effect sizes from 41 empirical articles representing data from 2,274 participants.Overall, we found that the bie was moderate-large in magnitude (hedges' g = 0.75).Importantly, the inversion effect was larger for bodies than objects (b = 0.42); however, the inversion effect for faces was larger than for bodies (b = 0.34).We tested the role of discrimination dimension, stimulus type, face/head inclusion, stimulus sexualization, and sexualized stimulus sex as moderators of the bie.We found that the bie was moderated by discrimination dimension, stimulus type, stimulus sexualization, and sexualized stimulus sex.By synthesizing the existing literature, we provide a better theoretical understanding of how underlying visual processing mechanisms may differ for different types of social information (i.e., bodies vs.Faces).

Journal: Psychonomic bulletin & review (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Review
Evidence at time of regulatory approval and cost of new antibiotics in 2016-19: cohort study of FDA approved drugs.

To review the clinical evidence, regulatory background, and cost of antibiotics approved by the us food and drug administration (fda), 2016-19.Design cohort study of fda approved drugs.Data sources fda databases, clinical trials.gov, and drug labelling.Launch prices were extracted from ibm micromedex red book.Eligibility criteria for selecting studies antibiotics approved by the fda from october 2016 to december 2019 were identified, and key features of their clinical development were extracted from publicly available fda databases, clinical trials.gov, and drug labelling.Launch prices were extracted from ibm micromedex red book to evaluate the cost of treatment against comparators.Results 15 new antibiotics received at least one special regulatory designation and were supported by a median of two pivotal trials.More than half of the pivotal trials used an active control non-inferiority design.All drugs were approved based on surrogate outcome measures.52 postmarketing requirements and commitments were included across the cohort (median 3 for each drug).From january 2021, 27 postmarketing requirements and commitments were listed as pending, seven as ongoing, three as delayed, one as submitted, eight as released, and four as fulfilled.The most expensive new antibiotic was pretomanid at $36 399 (£29 618; €34 582) for a course of treatment, and the least expensive was rifamycin ($176).Cost ratios between study drugs and comparators ranged from 0.48 to 134.Conclusions new antibiotics have been approved by the fda in recent years mostly based on fewer, smaller, and non-inferiority pivotal trials that often used surrogate outcome measures but were commonly more costly.Efforts to incentivise the development of antibiotics should balance growing the antibiotic development pipeline with ensuring that clinical trials provide clinically relevant evidence of effectiveness in showing added benefits for the patient.

Journal: BMJ medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The effects of phylogeny, habitat and host characteristics on the thermal sensitivity of helminth development.

Helminth parasites are part of almost every ecosystem, with more than 300 000 species worldwide.Helminth infection dynamics are expected to be altered by climate change, but predicting future changes is difficult owing to lacking thermal sensitivity data for greater than 99.9% of helminth species.Here, we compiled the largest dataset to date on helminth temperature sensitivities and used the metabolic theory of ecology to estimate activation energies (aes) for parasite developmental rates.The median ae for 129 thermal performance curves was 0.67, similar to non-parasitic animals.Although exceptions existed, related species tended to have similar thermal sensitivities, suggesting some helminth taxa are inherently more affected by rising temperatures than others.Developmental rates were more temperature-sensitive for species from colder habitats than those from warmer habitats, and more temperature sensitive for species in terrestrial than aquatic habitats.Aes did not depend on whether helminth life stages were free-living or within hosts, whether the species infected plants or animals, or whether the species had an endotherm host in its life cycle.The phylogenetic conservatism of ae may facilitate predicting how temperature change affects the development of helminth species for which empirical data are lacking or difficult to obtain.

Journal: Proceedings. Biological sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Seizures following vaccination in children: Risks, outcomes and management of subsequent revaccination.

Seizures and status epilepticus can occur within 14 days following administration of inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines.These vaccine-proximate seizures can undermine parental confidence in vaccine safety and affect further vaccination decisions.Vaccine-proximate status epilepticus (vp-se) is uncommon but may be the first manifestation of genetic developmental epileptic encephalopathies, including dravet syndrome.Objective the aim of this article is to review current literature on the risks and outcomes of vaccine-proximate seizures and, using two clinical scenarios, outline management of subsequent revaccination.Discussion vaccine-proximate seizures require careful evaluation of the vaccine(s) involved, seizure type and duration to determine a safe course for revaccination.Vaccine-proximate febrile seizures (vp-fss) have similar outcomes to other febrile seizures and are not associated with increased developmental or behavioural concerns.Vaccination for children with vp-fss can occur safely in the community.However, vp-se cases warrant prompt specialist review, consideration of genetic epilepsy testing and referral to a specialist immunisation clinic for subsequent vaccination under medical supervision.

Journal: Australian journal of general practice (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Impact of strain relaxation on performance of α-formamidinium lead iodide perovskite solar cells.

High-efficiency lead halide perovskite solar cells (pscs) have been fabricated with α-phase formamidinium lead iodide (fapb i3) stabilized with multiple cations.The alloyed cations greatly affect the bandgap, carrier dynamics, and stability, as well as lattice strain that creates unwanted carrier trap sites.We substituted cesium (cs) and methylenediammonium (mda) cations in fa sites of fapb i3and found that 0.03 mol fraction of both mda and cs cations lowered lattice strain, which increased carrier lifetime and reduced urbach energy and defect concentration.The best-performing psc exhibited power conversion efficiency >25% under 100 milliwatt per square centimeter am 1.5g illumination (24.4% certified efficiency).Unencapsulated devices maintained >80% of their initial efficiency after 1300 hours in the dark at 85°c.

Journal: Science (New York, N.Y.) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Inter-arm Blood Pressure Difference is Associated with Recurrent Stroke in Non-cardioembolic Stroke Patients.

Recurrent stroke increases mortality and aggravates the disability of stroke patients.We hypothesized that increased inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference and inter-arm diastolic blood pressure difference would be related to recurrent stroke in non-cardioembolic stroke patients.A total of 1226 consecutive non-cardioembolic first-ever ischemic stroke patients, in whom bilateral brachial blood pressures were measured by an automated ankle-brachial index measuring device, were included in our study.Recurrent stroke was defined as newly developed neurologic symptoms with relevant lesions on brain ct and/or mri after 7 days or hospital discharge.Inter-arm systolic and diastolic blood pressure differences ≥10 mm hg were noted in 9.7% (120/1226) and 5.0% (62/1226) of patients, respectively.During a median 24 months of follow-up, 105 (8.5%) patients experienced recurrent stroke.Patients who had inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference ≥10 mm hg showed increased risk of recurrent stroke (hazard ratio:1.77, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-3.00, p = 0.033).Moreover, inter-arm diastolic blood pressure difference ≥10 mm hg was also independently associated with increased risk of recurrent stroke (hazard ratio:2.92, 95% confidence interval: 1.59-5.34, p = 0.001).In conclusion, inter-arm blood pressure difference ≥10 mm hg may be associated with increased risk recurrent stroke in non-cardioembolic stroke patients.

Journal: Scientific reports (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Prophylactic central neck dissection has no advantage in patients with metastatic papillary thyroid cancer to the lateral neck.

Papillary thyroid cancer (ptc) usually metastasizes via lymphatic channels in a sequential fashion, first to the central compartment, followed by the lateral neck.Ptc patients diagnosed with lateral neck disease (n1b) without proof for central involvement traditionally undergo prophylactic central neck dissection (p cnd).However, substantial evidence on outcomes to support this approach is lacking.Materials and methods we conducted a dual center retrospective study to compare the rate of central neck recurrence between n1b ptc patients undergoing p cnd and those spared p cnd.All patients diagnosed with n1b ptc who underwent total thyroidectomy and lateral neck dissections with or without p cnd between january 1998 and december 2015 were included in this study.The rates of central neck recurrences were compared between the groups.Results the 111 patients who met the inclusion criteria were 44 females (39.6%) and 67 males (60.4%), with a mean age of 50.2 ± 17.7 years, and a mean follow-up of 10.2 ± 5.3 years.Sixty patients (54.1%) underwent a p cnd and 51 patients (45.9%) did not (non-p cnd).During follow-up, 18 patients (16.2%) had level vi recurrences, 13 in the p cnd group and 5 in the non-p cnd group.Cox-regression models with propensity scoring did not reveal any inclination or an advantage for performing p cnd.Conclusion the present study demonstrated no advantage in performing p cnd to prevent central neck recurrence among ptc patients with lateral neck involvement only.These findings question the need for p cnd in patients without clinical evidence of central neck disease.

Journal: Journal of surgical oncology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study
Evaluation of diagnostic components and management of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective study from Istanbul, Turkey.

Introduction the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis is difficult and most of the patients are diagnosed clinically.The objective of this study is to reveal the diagnostic and therapeutic components of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis and to analyze the changes that occurred in our country over the years.Methodology all patients diagnosed with tuberculosis between 2006 and 2016 were included.Demographic characteristics, diagnostic and treatment outcomes were recorded and patients were followed up prospectively.Results a total of 492 patients were included in the study.97% had bacillus calmette-guerin vaccine, 36% were diagnosed with microbiologically-confirmed tuberculosis and 64% were diagnosed with clinically-proven tuberculosis.94% of the patients had symptoms consistent with tuberculosis, all patients had radiologic findings, 74% had a history of tuberculosis contact and 63% had tuberculin skin test positivity.The diagnoses included primary tuberculosis in 62%, secondary tuberculosis in 21%, progressive primary tuberculosis in 13% and miliary tuberculosis in 4%.48% of the patients received a treatment regimen containing three drugs as the initial treatment, and drug-related side effects developed in 12%.Isoniazid resistance was detected in 13% of the patients and rifampicin resistance was detected in 8%.None of the patients died due to tuberculosis.In the last 50 years in turkey, the rates of bacillus calmette-guerin vaccination and diagnosis of tuberculosis cases have increased and the mortality rates have decreased over the years.Conclusions our study is one of the few prospective studies and revealed the differences between the recent data and the past 50 years in childhood tuberculosis in turkey.

Journal: Journal of infection in developing countries (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Isoorientin ameliorates osteoporosis and oxidative stress in postmenopausal rats.

Context isoorientin has many biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor.However, the effect of isoorientin on postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unclear.Objective to evaluate the effect of isoorientin on postmenopausal osteoporosis.Materials and methods sprague-dawley rats were divided into five groups (n= 5): sham, model, 17-β-oestradiol (e2, 10 μg/kg/day), low-dose isoorientin (l-iso, 50 mg/kg), and high-dose isoorientin (h-iso, 100 mg/kg).The rats were ovariectomized, treated by gavage daily for 12 weeks, and serum and femur samples were collected.Bone mineral density, bone metabolism, and oxidative stress were assessed.H&e staining, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were employed.Results isoorientin improved the bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae (2.01 ± 0.05 g/cm3in h-iso group vs.1.74 ± 0.07 g/cm3in model group) and femur (1.46 ± 0.06 g/cm3vs.1.19 ± 0.03 g/cm3), increased the trabecular bone number (1.97 ± 0.03 vs.1.18 ± 0.13) and thickness (0.27 ± 0.02 vs.0.16 ± 0.03 mm).Isoorientin decreased the separation degree of trabecular bone, ameliorated bone histomorphology changes, and significantly improved the mechanical properties.Isoorientin diminished mda (by 60%) and increased sod (by 49.2%), and gsh-px (by 159%) activity.Furthermore, osteoprotegerin (opg), nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (nrf2), haem oxygenase (ho-1), nad(p)h quinone dehydrogenase 1(nqo1), and oestrogen receptor 1(esr1) protein expression increased, while receptor activator of nuclear factor-κb ligand (rankl) protein expression decreased after treatment.Conclusions isoorientin ameliorates osteoporosisviaupregulating opg and nrf2/are signalling, suggesting isoorientin maybe a potential therapeutic drug for pmop.

Journal: Pharmaceutical biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
CharacterizingPTP4A3/PRL-3 as the Potential Prognostic Marker Gene for Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

A large number of cancer-related deaths in the world can be attributed to liver hepatocellular carcinoma (lihc).The purpose of this study is to explore protein tyrosine phosphatase type iv a member 3 (ptp4a3/prl-3) as a new and reliable biomarker to predict the prognosis of lihc and determine the potential therapeutic targets or drugs that can be used for treating lihc.Methods we included three lihc datasets with clinical information and expression profiles from public databases.The expression level of ptp4a3was analyzed, and based on the results, the samples were divided into high- and low-expression groups.The kaplan-meier survival analysis method was used to determine the relationship between ptp4a3and prognosis.The enrichment differences among the functional pathways associated with the high- and low-expression groups were determined using the gene set enrichment analysis (gsea) method.Five methods were used to determine the differences among the tumor microenvironment in the low- and high-expression groups.The sensitivity of the low- and high-expression groups toward different drug treatment methods was predicted by analyzing the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (tide) scores and determining the biochemical half-maximal inhibitory concentration (ic50).Results the expression levels of the lihc and adjacent samples were analyzed, and it was observed that the expression level of ptp4a3in tumor tissue was significantly higher than the expression level of the same gene in the adjacent samples.It was also inferred that it might be a cancer-promoting gene.It was concluded that high-expression results in a significantly poor prognosis.The high-expression group was significantly enriched in the tumor-related pathways, such as the pi3k-akt signaling pathway.In addition, the results obtained by conducting immune infiltration analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between some immune scores and the gene ptp4a3.The drug kin001-135 and gene ptp4a3were also found to correlate positively with each other.Cp466722, pyrimethamine, akt inhibitor viii, embelin, cisplatin, qs11, bexarotene, and midostaurin negatively correlated with ptp4a3associated with the three datasets.Moreover, the drugs cisplatin, qs11, midostaurin, and cp466722 were more sensitive toward the high-expression group than the low ptp4a3expression group.Significant differences were observed in these cases.Conclusion ptp4a3/prl-3 is potentially associated with the progression, metastasis, and invasion of lihc.The prognosis of lihc patients is negatively impacted by the high-expression levels of the gene.The results indicate that ptp4a3/prl-3 is an important prognostic factor for lihc and is a new potential prognostic detection target.The discovery of the 8 drugs that were negatively associated with ptp4a3provided a new direction that can be developed in the future for the treatment of lihc.

Journal: Journal of oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Identification of Key Functions Required for Production and Utilization of the Siderophore Piscibactin Encoded by the High-Pathogenicity Islandirp-HPI inVibrionaceae.

Piscibactin is a widespread siderophore system present in many different bacteria, especially within the vibrionaceaefamily.Previous works showed that most functions required for biosynthesis and transport of this siderophore are encoded by the high-pathogenicity islandirp-hpi.In the present work, using vibrio anguillarumas a model, we could identify additional key functions encoded byirp-hpi that are necessary for piscibactin production and transport and that have remained unknown.Allelic exchange mutagenesis, combined with cross-feeding bioassays and lc-ms analysis, were used to demonstrate that irp4 protein is an essential component for piscibactin synthesis since it is the thioesterase required for nascent piscibactin be released from the nrps irp1.We also show that irp8 is a mfs-type protein essential for piscibactin secretion.In addition, after passage through the outer membrane transporter frp a, the completion of ferri-piscibactin internalization through the inner membrane would be achieved by the abc-type transporter frp bc.The expression of this transporter is coordinated with the expression of frp a and with the genes encoding biosynthetic functions.Since piscibactin is a major virulence factor of some pathogenic vibrios, the elements of biosynthesis and transport described here could be additional interesting targets for the design of novel antimicrobials against these bacterial pathogens.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
COL5A2 Inhibits the TGF-β and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways to Inhibit the Invasion and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most common skeletal malignancy and is the second leading cause of cancer death in adolescents.Its highly aggressive nature and high propensity to metastasize lead to an extremely poor prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma.Therefore, finding a suitable treatment has become a matter of urgency.In this study, we first divided the samples into metastatic and non-metastatic groups using the target database and obtained 1136 differentially expressed genes (degs) using differential analysis.A ppi network was constructed to analyze the network of action relationships among degs, and the top 10 genes were derived using the mcc algorithm in cytoscape software.A risk scoring system for 10 key genes was constructed using the lasso-cox prognostic risk model, and genes associated with osteosarcoma prognosis were screened based on multifactorial cox.Col5a2 gene was highly expressed in metastatic osteosarcoma and led to a poor prognosis.Furthermore, q rt-pcr and immunofluorescence assays confirmed the high expression of col5a2 in human osteosarcoma cells.Cck-8 assay and scratch wb was used to determine whether the downregulation of col5a2 expression inhibits the tgf-β signaling and wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.In this study, we screened col5a2 for prognostic relevance to osteosarcoma through bioinformatics analysis and demonstrated that col5a2 inhibited osteosarcoma invasion and metastasis by suppressing the tgf-β signaling and wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.

Journal: Frontiers in oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Individual muscle contributions to hip joint-contact forces during walking in unilateral transfemoral amputees with osseointegrated prostheses.

Direct skeletal attachment of prostheses in transfemoral amputees circumvents skin-interface complications associated with conventional sockets; however, joint pain and musculoskeletal disease is known to occur postoperatively.This study quantified hip contact forces and the roles of individual muscles in producing hip contact forces during walking in transfemoral amputees with osseointegrated prostheses.Musculoskeletal models were developed for four transfemoral amputees.Gluteus maximus and gluteus medius were the major contributors to the hip contact forces, and the intact limb hip muscles demonstrated greater contributions to hip contact forces than those of the residual limb.The findings may be useful for mitigating walking asymmetry.

Journal: Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article