syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Estimating need for alcohol treatment in Ireland using national treatment surveillance data.

International evidence indicates that about 10% of people with alcohol dependence will seek and commence treatment each year.Based upon irish estimates of prevalence of dependence, a target of 690.0 treated cases per 100,000 population per annum is expected.Aims this study analyses routine national surveillance data on alcohol treatment to measure how treatment need is being met.Methods national treatment surveillance data on problem alcohol use collected by the national drug treatment reporting system (ndtrs) were analysed.The study included cases resident in ireland, aged 18-64 years entering treatment for alcohol use disorder (aud) between 2015 and 2019 (n = 44,079).Treatment rates were calculated per 100,000 of the population.Descriptive and exploratory statistics were used to describe characteristics of cases treated.Results national rate of treated aud was 270 cases per 100,000 annually, with a rate of treated alcohol dependence of 165/100,000.There was a fivefold difference between the lowest and highest rates (119 cases per 100,000 in meath versus 633 in waterford).Drinking patterns indicate high levels of alcohol consumption and prolonged use prior to treatment.The use of other drugs alongside alcohol was common.Conclusions despite high rates of alcohol consumption and dependence, the rate of treatment entry nationally is sub-optimal, although there are wide geographic variations.There is a need to better understand the reasons for low treatment entry rates in ireland for people with alcohol dependence.Monitoring and surveillance play a key role in measuring the successful efforts to reduce the harm of alcohol.

Journal: Irish journal of medical science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Different Effects of 2 mA and 4 mA Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Muscle Activity and Torque in a Maximal Isokinetic Fatigue Task.

Studies investigating the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (t dcs) on fatigue and muscle activity have elicited measurable improvements using stimulation intensities ≤2 m a and submaximal effort tasks.The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 2 m a and 4 m a anodal t dcs over the primary motor cortex (m1) on performance fatigability and electromyographic (emg) activity of the leg muscles during a maximal isokinetic task in healthy young adults.A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled crossover study design was applied.Twenty-seven active young adults completed four sessions, each spaced by 5-8 days.During session 1, dominance was verified with isokinetic strength testing, and subjects were familiarized with the fatigue task (ft).The ft protocol included 40 continuous maximum isokinetic contractions of the knee extensors and flexors (120°/s, concentric/concentric).During sessions 2-4, t dcs was applied for 20 min with one of three randomly assigned intensities (sham, 2 m a or 4 m a) and the ft was repeated.The anode and cathode of the t dcs device were placed over c3 and the contralateral supraorbital area, respectively.A wireless emg system collected muscle activity during the ft.The 2 m a t dcs condition had significantly less torque (65.9 ± 32.7 nm) during the ft than both the sham (68.4 ± 33.9 nm,p< 0.001) and 4 m a conditions (68.4 ± 33.9 nm,p= 0.001).Furthermore, the 2 m a condition (33.8 ± 11.7%) had significantly less emg activity during the ft than both the sham (39.7 ± 10.6%,p< 0.001) and 4 m a conditions (40.5 ± 13.4%,p= 0.001).Contrary to previous submaximal isometric fatigue investigations, the 2 m a t dcs condition significantly reduced torque production and emg activity of the leg extensors during a maximal isokinetic ft compared with the sham and 4 m a conditions.Also, torque production and emg activity in the 4 m a condition were not significantly different from sham.Thus, the effects of t dcs, and the underlying mechanisms, might not be the same for different tasks and warrants more investigation.

Journal: Frontiers in human neuroscience (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Growth Hormone Therapy and Brain Tumors.

As one of the projects of the adverse events study group of the foundation for growth science in japan, the literatures on the recurrence and / or regrowth or new formation of brain tumors in patients treated with growth hormone (gh) were reviewed.Since the tumor volume of the sellar lesion can be accurately evaluated only by magnetic resonance imaging (mri), the related literatures published after 1990 were retrieved by searching under keywords, such as gh, replacement therapy, brain tumor, recurrence, tumor formation, etc.It is undeniable that gh therapy may result in tumor enlargement only in a very small percentage of cases.However, within a scientifically reliable range of confirmation with large-scale researches and case-control studies, it can be considered that there is no relation between gh therapy and the recurrence or new formation of brain tumors.

Journal: Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Two-Photon Vertical-Flow Lithography for Microtube Synthesis.

Two-photon vertical-flow lithography is demonstrated for synthesis of complex-shaped polymeric microtubes with a high aspect ratio (>100:1).This unique microfluidic approach provides rigorous control over the morphology and surface topology to generate thin-walled (<1 μm) microtubes with a tunable diameter (1-400 μm) and pore size (1-20 μm).The interplay between fluid-flow control and two-photon lithography presents a generic high-resolution method that will substantially contribute toward the future development of biocompatible scaffolds, stents, needles, nerve guides, membranes, and beyond.

Journal: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Learning Low-Dimensional Semantics for Music and Language via Multi-Subject fMRI.

Embodied cognition (ec) states that semantics is encoded in the brain as firing patterns of neural circuits, which are learned according to the statistical structure of human multimodal experience.However, each human brain is idiosyncratically biased, according to its subjective experience, making this biological semantic machinery noisy with respect to semantics inherent to media, such as music and language.We propose to represent media semantics using low-dimensional vector embeddings by jointly modeling the functional magnetic resonance imaging (f mri) activity of several brains via generalized canonical correlation analysis (gcca).We evaluate the semantic richness of the resulting latent space in appropriate semantic classification tasks: music genres and language topics.We show that the resulting unsupervised representations outperform the original high-dimensional f mri voxel spaces in these downstream tasks while being more computationally efficient.Furthermore, we show that joint modeling of several subjects increases the semantic richness of the learned latent vector spaces as the number of subjects increases.Quantitative results and corresponding statistical significance testing demonstrate the instantiation of music and language semantics in the brain, thereby providing further evidence for multimodal embodied cognition as well as a method for extraction of media semantics from multi-subject brain dynamics.

Journal: Neuroinformatics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Temperature-controlled molecular weight of hyaluronic acid produced by engineered Bacillus subtilis.

To produce high-, medium- and low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (ha) at different temperatures using engineered bacillus subtilis expressing hyaluronidase (haase) from leech.By overexpressing the haase gene hya in the ha-producing strain wm b using temperature-sensitive plasmid p ksv7, the engineered strain wm b-pyh produced ha with different molecular weights (8.61 k da at 32 °c, 0.615 mda at 42 °c, and 6.19 mda at 47 °c).In this study, the molecular weight of ha was regulated by using leech haase expressed from a temperature-sensitive plasmid.We thus obtained different molecular weight has by using a single bacterial strain at different culture temperatures.

Journal: Biotechnology letters (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Combined modality therapy for thoracic and head and neck cancers: a review of updated literature based on a consensus meeting.

Combined modality therapy is a mainstay option for thoracic malignancies and head and neck cancers.The integration of different strategies is based on the multidisciplinary approach of modern clinical oncology.Radiation oncologists have to be educated, trained, and updated to provide state-of-the-art care to cancer patients and thus educational meetings are crucial.Methods the italian association of radiation oncology young members working group (airo giovani) organized its 8th national meeting, focused on combination therapy in lung, esophageal, and head and neck cancer (with a specific focus on larynx-preservation strategies for larynx/hypopharynx tumors), involving young professionals working in italy.The meeting was addressed to young radiation oncologists, presenting state-of-the-art knowledge, based on the latest evidence in this field.We performed a review of the current literature based on the highlights of the congress.Results the multimodality approach of head and neck and thoracic malignancies includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, but also has to take into account new information and data coming from basic and translational research and including molecular biology, genetics, and immunology.All these aspects are crucial for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer and esophageal, esophagogastric junction, and larynx/hypopharynx malignancies.The integration of different treatments in the clinical decision-making process to combine therapies is crucial.Conclusions combination therapy has proved to be a consolidated approach in these specific oncologic settings, highlighting the importance of multimodality management in modern clinical oncology.Dedicated meetings on specific topics are helpful to improve knowledge and skills of young professionals in radiation oncology.

Journal: Tumori (2016)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Review
Evaluating differential expression of fibrosis-related genes and their correlation with blood vessel density in chronic cutaneous graft-versus-host disease.

Sclerodermoid graft-versus-host disease (gvhd) is the most severe form of chronic gvhd (c gvhd) and represents a considerable therapeutic challenge.Due to the scarcity of human studies on sclerodermoid c gvhd, the pathogenesis of this entity is not fully understood.Objective to identify the differential expression of fibrosis-related genes in skin lesions of human lichenoid and sclerodermoid c gvhd and to assess the expression of their corresponding proteins.Methods pcr array analysis was performed on rna extracted from three skin biopsies of sclerodermoid c gvhd patients and three normal skin samples, for fibrosis-related gene expression profiles followed by evaluation of their corresponding protein expressions.The expressions of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (timp3), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (mmp1), timp1, and timp2 were further studied by immunohistochemistry.Demographic, clinical and immunohistochemical parameters of the two c gvhd groups and the control group were compared.The pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation between data among the study groups.Results we identified 44 upregulated and 14 downregulated genes in the skin samples of sclerodermoid c gvhd compared to the control group.Timp3 was positive in 13/21 biopsies of c gvhd and in one biopsy of the control group.The average staining intensity was significantly higher in the c gvhd group compared to the control group.Timp3 was expressed mainly in dermal blood vessels.C gvhd specimens with positive timp3 staining had a statistically significantly higher total microvascular area than the negative specimens.Conclusion timp3 levels are increased in both subtypes of c gvhd and are associated with increased dermal vascularity.

Journal: Journal of dermatological science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Removal of Doxycycline from Water usingDalbergia sissooWaste Biomass Based Activated Carbon and Magnetic Oxide/Activated Bioinorganic Nanocomposite in Batch Adsorption and Adsorption/Membrane Hybrid Processes.

The carbonaceous adsorbents, an activated carbon (ac) and a bioinorganic nanocomposite (mac), were prepared using dalbergia sissoosawdust as waste biomass, in this study.Both the adsorbents were characterized by ftir, edx, sem, xrd, tg/dta, surface area, and a pore size analyzer.The adsorbents were used for the removal of an antibiotic, doxycycline (dc) antibiotic, from wastewater in order to minimize a load of antibiotics in industrial effluents and consequently the drug resistance problem.Initially, the effectiveness of adsorbent was confirmed using batch adsorption experiments where isothermal models like langmuir, freundlich temkin, jovanovic, and harkins-jura were utilized to govern the maximum adsorption capacity of ac and mac while pseudo-first- and second-order kinetic models were used to estimate the values of different kinetic parameters.Langmuir model best accommodated the equilibrium data whereas the pseudo-second-order kinetic model finest trimmed the kinetics data.The effect of p h on adsorption was also evaluated where maximum removal was observed between p h 5 and 7 by both adsorbents.The effect of temperature on adsorption was evaluated where the entropy change (δs0) comes out to have a numerically positive value whereas gibbs free energy change (δg0) and enthalpy change (δh0) were negative indicating the spontaneous nature and feasibility of the procedure.The robust technology of membrane separation is rapidly replacing the conventional technologies but at the same time suffers from the problem of membrane fouling.As pretreatment, the ac and mac were used in hybrid with ultrafiltration (uf), nanofiltration (nf), and reverse osmosis (ro) membranes whereas permeate fluxes and percent retention of dc were compared for naked membrane operations and ac/membrane and mac/membrane process.The permeate fluxes for mac/membrane processes were greater as compared to ac/membrane and naked membrane processes showing the effectiveness of the bioinorganic composite as foul control and consequently recovery of dc from effluents.The percent retention of the uf membrane was lower as compared to nf and ro membranes.Improvement in percent retention for uf/ac, uf/mac, nf/ac, nf/mac, ro/ac, and ro/mac was observed.The bioinorganic composite mac contains a magnetic iron oxide which was effectively removed from slurry after use through the magnetic process and that was the main reason for high permeate fluxes in mac/membrane operations.

Journal: Bioinorganic chemistry and applications (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Korean Organ Transplantation Registry (KOTRY): an overview and summary of the kidney-transplant cohort.

As the need for a nationwide organ-transplant registry emerged, a prospective registry, the korean organ transplantation registry (kotry), was initiated in 2014.Here, we present baseline characteristics and outcomes of the kidney-transplant cohort for 2014 through 2019.Methods the kotry consists of five organ-transplant cohorts (kidney, liver, lung, heart, and pancreas).Data and samples were prospectively collected from transplant recipients and donors at baseline and follow-up visits; and epidemiological trends, allograft outcomes, and patient outcomes, such as posttransplant complications, comorbidities, and mortality, were analyzed.Results from 2014 to 2019, there were a total of 6,129 registered kidney transplants (64.8% with living donors and 35.2% with deceased donors) with a mean recipient age of 49.4 ± 11.5 years, and 59.7% were male.Abo-incompatible transplants totaled 17.4% of all transplants, and 15.0% of transplants were preemptive.The overall 1- and 5-year patient survival rates were 98.4% and 95.8%, respectively, and the 1- and 5-year graft survival rates were 97.1% and 90.5%, respectively.During a mean follow-up of 3.8 years, biopsy-proven acute rejection episodes occurred in 17.0% of cases.The mean age of donors was 47.3 ± 12.9 years, and 52.6% were male.Among living donors, the largest category of donors was spouses, while, among deceased donors, 31.2% were expanded-criteria donors.The mean serum creatinine concentrations of living donors were 0.78 ± 0.62 mg/d l and 1.09 ± 0.24 mg/d l at baseline and 1 year after kidney transplantation, respectively.Conclusion the kotry, a systematic korean transplant cohort, can serve as a valuable epidemiological database of korean kidney transplants.

Journal: Kidney research and clinical practice (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Epitaxially aligned submillimeter-scale silver nanoplates grown by simple vapor transport.

Epitaxially aligned large silver (ag) nanoplate arrays with ultraclean surfaces are very attractive for novel plasmonic applications.Although solution-phase methods have been extensively employed to synthesize ag nanoplates, these cannot be used to grow epitaxial large ag nanoplates on substrates.Here we report a vapor-phase synthetic strategy to epitaxially grow submillimeter-scale ag nanoplates on a variety of substrates.By simply transporting ag vapor to the substrates at an optimal temperature (820 °c), we synthesize ∼100 μm-sized ag nanoplates with atomically clean surfaces, which are three-dimensionally aligned on the substrates.We demonstrate that both the type of supported seed and their interfacial lattice matching with the substrates determine the epitaxial growth habit of the nanoplates, directing their crystallinity, shape, and orientation.(i) on r-cut sapphire substrates, twinned pentagonal nanoplates grow vertically from twinned triangular seeds through a seed → nanoplate process.(ii) on m-cut sapphire substrates, twinned trapezoidal ag nanoplates grow slantingly from twinned decahedral seeds through a seed → nw → nanoplate process.(iii) interestingly, twin-free single-crystalline trapezoidal ag nanoplates grow from twin-free square pyramidal seeds on sto (001) substrates through a seed → nw → nanoplate process.The epitaxially aligned ag nanoplate arrays could serve as a new platform for two-dimensional (2d) guiding of surface plasmons as well as for hierarchical 3d plasmonic nanoarchitecturing.

Journal: Nanoscale (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Mapping Information Needs of Patients With Sexually Transmitted Infections Using Web-Based Data Sources: Grounded Theory Investigation.

According to the world health organization (who), more than 1 million sexually transmitted infections (stis) are acquired each day across the world.The incidence rates of stis in the united states are at a record high for the fourth consecutive year.Owing to the stigma associated with the incidence of sti, there is a general reluctance to seek information in person.Instead, web-based information sources remain the primary avenues of information-seeking.However, these sources are designed without a comprehensive understanding of the information needs of individuals who have contracted stis.Objective this study aimed to investigate the information needs of individuals who have or suspect they have contracted an sti.A better understanding of their information needs can drive the design of more effective digital interventions.Methods this is a qualitative and analytical study of 549 transcripts (consisting of queries posted over the last 10 years) from web-based forums of the american sexual health association (asha), which allows patients, volunteers, and health care providers connect anonymously.The analysis follows a grounded theory (gt) approach with multiple coding stages to uncover categories and themes.Results three categories of information needs emerged.The first two, clinical and logistical, are similar to other contexts.However, our analysis shows that there is a significant need for the last category-psychosocial information.Approximately 59% of instances are linked to concerns such as confusion, discretion, remorse, and others.These needs vary across the stages of a patient's journey from symptom manifestation to treatment maintenance.Conclusions responding to the needs of individuals who have or suspect they have contracted an sti requires compassionate and personalized responses (beyond factual clinical and logistical information).Web-based forums provide anonymity but do not adequately incorporate mechanisms, practices, or incentives to respond to diverse psychosocial concerns.Innovative approaches to add such support can make the digital interventions more effective for this group of individuals.

Journal: Journal of medical Internet research (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Advanced cancer patients in a randomized clinical trial of night-simulating eyeglasses observed to have a normal 24-h circadian rhythm during chemotherapy.

S cancer patients routinely exhibit dysfunctional circadian organization.Indeed, a dysfunctional circadian organization is a hallmark of advanced cancer.A cohort of advanced cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy was recruited to investigate whether manipulating exposure to blue light could restore or ameliorate their circadian organization.Methods thirty advanced metastatic cancer patients participated in a randomized crossover trial to evaluate whether blue light-blocking night-simulating eyeglasses could ameliorate a disrupted circadian organization better than sham eyeglasses.Circadian organization was evaluated by actigraphy and patients' self-reports of sleep, fatigue, and quality of life.Kruskal-wallis tests compared patients' outcomes in circadian organization with a cohort of non-cancer, disease-free individuals with normal sleep as a negative control, and with advanced cancer patients with disrupted circadian organization as a positive control.Quality-of-life outcomes of the patients were compared with population-based controls (negative controls) and with cohorts of advanced cancer patients (positive controls).Results actigraphy measurements, self-reported sleep, fatigue levels, and quality-of-life outcomes of trial participants were similar to those of negative controls with a normal circadian organization, in spite of the trial patients' concurrent chemotherapy.Night-simulating glasses did not improve circadian organization.The 24-h correlation of day-to-day rhythms of rest and activity was 0.455 for the experimental eyeglasses and 0.476 for the sham eyeglasses (p= 0.258).Actigraphic and patient-reported outcomes compared favorably to outcomes of positive controls.Conclusion the circadian organization of patients in this study unexpectedly resembled that of healthy controls and was better than comparison populations with disrupted circadian organization.The study clinic implements chronomodulated chemotherapy and a systematic, supportive integrative treatment protocol.Results suggest a need for further research on interventions for circadian rhythm.Although the study intervention did not benefit the participants, this work highlights the value of supporting circadian time structure in advanced cancer patients.

Journal: SAGE open medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article