syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Impact of dedicated multidisciplinary service on patient selection and outcomes for surgical treatment of primary aldosteronism.

Primary aldosteronism is the most common surgically curable cause of endocrine hypertension.Management of the unilateral subtype of primary aldosteronism with adrenalectomy requires multidisciplinary input.It is unclear if a dedicated endocrine hypertension service confers better outcomes compared to standard care offered by individual clinicians.Methods in this retrospective study, patients from the monash university endocrine surgery database were divided into either the endocrine hypertension service group, where patients were managed by a dedicated multidisciplinary team, or the standard group, where patients were managed by individual clinicians.The comparisons included patient selection for surgery, perioperative blood pressure control, and surgical cure rate.Results despite similar perioperative blood pressure, patients in the endocrine hypertension service group (n = 41) were on fewer antihypertensive medications (1 vs 2, p = .011) compared to the standard group (n = 55).A larger proportion of patients in the endocrine hypertension service group had either bilateral adrenal nodules or no adrenal lesions on computed tomography (41% vs 18%, p = .013).Patients in the standard group had larger adrenal lesions on computed tomography (median 15 mm vs 10 mm, p = .032).Postoperatively, the biochemical cure rate was higher in the endocrine hypertension service group at 6 to 12 months (97% vs 76%, p = .021).Conclusion patients managed by endocrine hypertension service were more likely to be diagnosed with surgically curable primary aldosteronism without a unilateral adrenal adenoma on imaging, required fewer medications for perioperative blood pressure control, and experienced superior postoperative outcomes.Referral to a dedicated endocrine hypertension service is recommended for patients with primary aldosteronism who wish to pursue a surgical cure.

Journal: Surgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Utilizing a Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire and Machine Learning to Differentiate Movement Disorders.

Parkinson's disease (pd) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that severely impacts quality of life as the condition progresses.Early diagnosis and treatment is important to reduce burden and costs.Here, we evaluate the diagnostic potential of the non-motor symptoms (nms) questionnaire by the international parkinson and movement disorder society based on patient-completed answers from a large single-center prospective study.In this study data from 489 study participants consisting of a pd group, a healthy control (hc) group and patients with differential diagnosis (dd) have been recorded with a smartphone-based system.Evaluation of the study data has shown a significant difference in nms between the representative groups.Cross-validation of machine learning based classification achieves balanced accuracy scores of 88.7% in pd vs.Hc, 72.1% in pd vs.Dd and 82.6% when discriminating between all movement disorders (pd + dd) and the hc group.The results indicate potentially high feature importance of a simple self-administered questionnaire that could support early diagnosis.

Journal: Studies in health technology and informatics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
"We face the same risk as the other health workers": Perceptions and experiences of community pharmacists in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

In many countries, community pharmacies have played an important role during the covid-19 pandemic, providing essential medicines and personal protective equipment (ppe), disseminating information on disease prevention and management, and referring clients to health facilities.In recognition of this, there are increasing calls for an improved understanding of the challenges and experiences faced by these providers during the covid-19 pandemic, with a view to providing them with better support and guidance now and during future emergencies.Between january and february 2021 we conducted 21 qualitative interviews to explore the experiences, safety concerns, and attitudes of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians during the covid-19 crisis in indonesia, a country that has recorded more than four million cases since the start of the pandemic.Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic content analysis.Findings indicate that covid-19 has had a significant impact on pharmacy practices in indonesia.Most participants implemented preventive measures and adapted their business models to the changing circumstances.The shift to remote sales and home delivery allowed many pharmacies to maintain, and even increase their profit margins due to greater demand for medicines and ppe.However, many participants were concerned about the increased risk of infection due to limited social distancing and prolonged interactions with clients, many of whom displayed covid-19 symptoms.Importantly, there was a general perception that the government did not sufficiently recognize these risks.In conclusion, the government should consider developing additional operational guidelines and regulatory frameworks to improve the safety, operation, and involvement of community pharmacies in the current pandemic response efforts and any future public health emergencies.

Journal: PLOS global public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Feasibility and acceptability of a pilot, peer-led HIV self-testing intervention in a hyperendemic fishing community in rural Uganda.

Novel interventions are needed to reach young people and adult men with hiv services given the low hiv testing rates in these population sub-groups.We assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a peer-led oral hiv self-testing (hivst) intervention in kasensero, a hyperendemic fishing community (hiv prevalence: 37-41%) in rakai, uganda.Methods this study was conducted among young people (15-24 years) and adult men (25+ years) between may and august 2019.The study entailed distribution of hivst kits by trained "peer-leaders," who were selected from existing social networks and trained in hivst distribution processes.Peer-leaders received up to 10 kits to distribute to eligible social network members (i.e.Aged 15-24 years if young people or 25+ years if adult man, not tested in the past 3 months, and hiv-negative or of unknown hiv status at enrolment).The intervention was evaluated against the feasibility benchmark of 70% of peer-leaders distributing up to 70% of the kits that they received; and the acceptability benchmark of >80% of the respondents self-testing for hiv.Results of 298 enrolled into the study at baseline, 56.4% (n = 168) were young people (15-24 years) and 43.6% (n = 130) were adult males (25+ years).Peer-leaders received 298 kits and distributed 296 (99.3%) kits to their social network members.Of the 282 interviewed at follow-up, 98.2% (n = 277) reported that they used the hivst kits.Hiv prevalence was 7.4% (n = 21).Of the 57.1% (n = 12) first-time hiv-positives, 100% sought confirmatory hiv testing and nine of the ten (90%) respondents who were confirmed as hiv-positive were linked to hiv care within 1 week of hiv diagnosis.Conclusion our findings show that a social network-based, peer-led hivst intervention in a hyperendemic fishing community is highly feasible and acceptable, and achieves high linkage to hiv care among newly diagnosed hiv-positive individuals.

Journal: PloS one (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Electrochemical removal of nitrate from a Donnan dialysis waste stream.

The objective of this work was to investigate electrochemical removal of nitrate from a high salinity waste stream generated by donnan dialysis.Donnan dialysis for nitrate removal is a promising technique.It produces a distinctive composition of a high salinity waste stream of na cl or na2so4that requires a viable disposal method.The waste stream has the full anionic composition of contaminated groundwater, but the only cation is sodium.Experiments were conducted in a batch system setup.A copper cathode was chosen over brass, aluminum and graphite cathodes.A dimensionally stable anode (dsa), ti/pb o2, was selected over a ti/pt anode.Electrochemical denitrification of high salinity donnan dialysis nitrate wastes was successfully achieved, with different behavior exhibited in high salinity na cl solution than in high salinity na2so4solution.Na cl inhibited nitrate removal at high salinities while na2so4did not.The maximum removals after 4 h operation in the high salinity wastes were 69 and 87% for the na cl and na2so4solutions respectively.

Journal: Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Eravacycline, a newly approved fluorocycline.

Complicated intra-abdominal infections (c iais) are commonly associated with multimicroorganisms and treatment choices are becoming narrower due to developing resistance, especially in the gram-negative enterobacteriaceae species.Eravacycline is a newly developed, fully synthetic tetracycline derivative that has shown potent broad-spectrum activity against a wide variety of microorganisms, including those such as extended spectrum β-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae and acinetobacter.Eravacycline has shown activity against many gram-positive organisms such as methicillin-resistant s.Aureus and vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium (vre), gram-negative organisms such as escherichia coli, and anaerobic species of microorganisms such as bacteroides.This fluorocycline has been compared to ertapenem and meropenem for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and levofloxacin for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.Eravacycline was shown to be noninferior to ertapenem but did not meet noninferiority criteria in comparison to levofloxacin.Oral and iv formulations on eravacycline were tested in clinical trials, but at this time, only the iv formulation is fda approved.Eravacycline has been noted to have a half-life of 20 h with protein binding around 80%; auc over minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) has also been shown to be eravacycline's best predictor of efficacy.Of note, eravacycline does not require any renal dose adjustments, as the majority of its clearance is by nonrenal pathways.

Journal: European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Age-Dependent Impact of Concomitant Radio-Chemotherapy and MGMT Promotor Methylation on PFS and OS in Patients with IDH Wild-Type Glioblastoma: The Real-Life Data.

Biological but not chronological age plus performance have more impact on decision making in glioblastoma patients.We investigated how progression-free survival (pfs) and overall survival (os) in older patients with idh wild-type glioblastoma were influenced by concomitant radio-chemotherapy and mgmt promotor methylation status in real-life settings.In total, 142 out of 273 (52%) evaluated patients were older than 65 years, and 77 (55%) of them received concomitant radio-chemotherapy.In senior patients, the initiation of concomitant radio-chemotherapy was associated with significantly better pfs: 15.3 months (ci95: 11.7−18.9) vs.7.0 months (ci95: 4.3−9.6; p = 0.002).The favorable influence on pfs was not related to mgmt promotor methylation status as it was in the younger cohort.In seniors, concomitant radio-chemotherapy was related to significantly better os: 20.0 months (ci95: 14.3−26.7) vs.4.9 months (ci95: 3.5−6.2), p < 0.001.Mgmt promotor methylation was related to a more favorable os only, if concomitant radio-chemotherapy was initiated.In conclusion, more than half of the glioblastoma cohort was older than 65 years of age.Even if pfs and os were shorter than in the younger cohort, concomitant radio-chemotherapy provided a survival advantage.In real life, mgmt promotor methylation had a positive impact on os only if the adjuvant therapy was applied.

Journal: Cancers (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment.

Clinical and research interest in sarcopenia has burgeoned internationally, asia included.The asian working group for sarcopenia (awgs) 2014 consensus defined sarcopenia as "age-related loss of muscle mass, plus low muscle strength, and/or low physical performance" and specified cutoffs for each diagnostic component; research in asia consequently flourished, prompting this update.Awgs 2019 retains the previous definition of sarcopenia but revises the diagnostic algorithm, protocols, and some criteria: low muscle strength is defined as handgrip strength <28 kg for men and <18 kg for women; criteria for low physical performance are 6-m walk <1.0 m/s, short physical performance battery score ≤9, or 5-time chair stand test ≥12 seconds.Awgs 2019 retains the original cutoffs for height-adjusted muscle mass: dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, <7.0 kg/m2in men and <5.4 kg/m2in women; and bioimpedance, <7.0 kg/m2in men and <5.7 kg/m2in women.In addition, the awgs 2019 update proposes separate algorithms for community vs hospital settings, which both begin by screening either calf circumference (<34 cm in men, <33 cm in women), sarc-f (≥4), or sarc-cal f (≥11), to facilitate earlier identification of people at risk for sarcopenia.Although skeletal muscle strength and mass are both still considered fundamental to a definitive clinical diagnosis, awgs 2019 also introduces "possible sarcopenia," defined by either low muscle strength or low physical performance only, specifically for use in primary health care or community-based health promotion, to enable earlier lifestyle interventions.Although defining sarcopenia by body mass index-adjusted muscle mass instead of height-adjusted muscle mass may predict adverse outcomes better, more evidence is needed before changing current recommendations.Lifestyle interventions, especially exercise and nutritional supplementation, prevail as mainstays of treatment.Further research is needed to investigate potential long-term benefits of lifestyle interventions, nutritional supplements, or pharmacotherapy for sarcopenia in asians.

Journal: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Capsular Reconstruction of the Hip Using Modified Kite Technique: A Technical Guide for Efficient Graft Management and Fixation.

Preserving capsular integrity has become an important principle of hip preservation surgery given the increasingly recognized deleterious effects of instability in cases of capsular insufficiency.When capsular tissue is deficient, capsular reconstruction may be indicated to restore function of the iliofemoral ligament and improve hip biomechanics.To date, few studies have presented technical guidance on performing arthroscopic capsular reconstruction of the hip.In this technical note, we introduce a modified kite technique for arthroscopic entry, control, and fixation of a capsular reconstruction graft.Similar to flying a kite with multiple fly lines, and to the previously described kite technique for hip labral reconstruction, the principles of this method are founded on the belief that control sutures within a pulley system facilitate safe and efficient graft management during capsular reconstruction procedures.

Journal: Arthroscopy techniques (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of PCL-microencapsulated olive leaves polyphenols and its application in yogurt.

Polycaprolactone (pcl)was used via double emulsion/solvent evaporation technique for the encapsulation of polyphenols olive leaves (ols) extracts.In this study, the pcl-microcapsules loaded with ols polyphenols extract powder were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectrometry analysis.Their total phenolic (tpc), total flavonoid (tfc) contents, and antioxidant activities (dpph, frap, and abts), and polyphenols stability were measured after oral, gastric, and intestinal steps of in vitro digestion.Pcl-microcapsules were utilized in formulating novel functional yogurt containing 0, 25, 50, and 75 mg of tpc estimated as mg gae (added as pcl-microcapsules) per 100g yogurt.All yogurt samples were evaluated for their p h, acidity, syneresis, viscosity, and color during storage.In vitro digestion significantly affected the phenolic composition in non-encapsulated extract whereas it had a lower impact on encapsulated phenolics.Higher protection was provided for encapsulated ols extract and their higher release was observed at the intestinal phase.Unlike the undigested ols extract, which had a tpc of 490 mg gae/100 g, lower values of tpc (136 and 289 mg gae/100 g) were obtained for non-encapsulated and encapsulated ols extract, respectively, in the intestinal fluids.Yogurt with pcl-microcapsules had lower viscosity, syneresis, and color parameters, compared to control yogurt.Thus, ols represent a valuable and cheap source of polyphenols that can be successfully applied in microencapsulated form, in formulating functional yogurt.

Journal: Journal of food science (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Percutaneous ultrasound-guided ganglion fenestration in children: initial results.

To evaluate our pediatric experience with percutaneous ultrasound-guided fenestration of ganglia (pugg).Materials and methods retrospective study of pediatric patients who underwent pugg from june 2016 to october 2018 at a free-standing tertiary referral academic children's hospital with a minimum of 6 months follow-up.Electronic medical records, picture archiving system, and post-procedural calls were utilized for patient demographics, lesion characteristics, procedure details, and recurrence.The procedure itself consisted of assessment by child life, application of topical anesthetic cream, sterile preparation and draping, and intra-procedural ultrasound guidance for local anesthetic instillation, ganglion aspiration, fenestration, and intra-remnant steroid instillation.Post-procedure care included an ice pack, compression dressing for 48 h, and 4 weeks of brace wear and activity restriction.Results forty-five patients met the inclusion criteria, ages 3-18 years, mean 13.5 years, and female to male ratio of 2:1.Ganglion locations consisted of 80% (36/45) in the wrist and 20% (9/45) in other locations (elbow, ankle, and foot).Ninety-eight percent (44/45) of procedures were performed non-sedated, including 20% (9/44) between ages 7 and 11 years.28.9% (13/45) of ganglia recurred, the earliest at 3 weeks, the latest at 10 months, and an average of 3 months' time.No complication occurred and no patients required post-procedural narcotics or emergency department visitation for pain control.Conclusion percutaneous ultrasound-guided fenestration of ganglia (pugg) is a safe, minimally invasive alternative to surgical excision in the pediatric population, which can be performed without sedation and does not leave a scar.

Journal: Skeletal radiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Role of PARP1 in Monocyte and Macrophage Commitment and Specification: Future Perspectives and Limitations for the Treatment of Monocyte and Macrophage Relevant Diseases with PARP Inhibitors.

Modulation of parp1 expression, changes in its enzymatic activity, post-translational modifications, and inflammasome-dependent cleavage play an important role in the development of monocytes and numerous subtypes of highly specialized macrophages.Transcription of parp1is governed by the proliferation status of cells at each step of their development.Higher abundance of parp1 in embryonic stem cells and in hematopoietic precursors supports their self-renewal and pluri-/multipotency, whereas a low level of the enzyme in monocytes determines the pattern of surface receptors and signal transducers that are functionally linked to the nfκb pathway.In macrophages, the involvement of parp1 in regulation of transcription, signaling, inflammasome activity, metabolism, and redox balance supports macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory phenotype (m1), which drives host defense against pathogens.On the other hand, it seems to limit the development of a variety of subsets of anti-inflammatory myeloid effectors (m2), which help to remove tissue debris and achieve healing.Parp inhibitors, which prevent protein adp-ribosylation, and parp1‒dna traps, which capture the enzyme on chromatin, may allow us to modulate immune responses and the development of particular cell types.They can be also effective in the treatment of monocytic leukemia and other cancers by reverting the anti- to the proinflammatory phenotype in tumor-associated macrophages.

Journal: Cells (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Genetic diversity ofDiaphorina citri(Hemiptera: Liviidae) unravels phylogeographic structure and invasion history of eastern African populations.

The asian citrus psyllid (diaphorina citri kuwayama) is a key pest of citrussp.Worldwide, as it acts as a vector for candidatus liberibacter asiaticus, the bacterial pathogen that causes citrus huanglongbing.diaphorina citrihas been reported in kenya, tanzania, and more recently in ethiopia.This study assessed the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of the pest to gain insights into the potential sources of its introduction into africa.Population structure and differentiation of d.Citripopulations from china, ethiopia, kenya, tanzania, and the usa were assessed using 10 microsatellite loci.Additionally, five new complete mitogenomes of d.Citricollected in china, ethiopia, kenya, tanzania, and the usa were analyzed in the context of publicly available sequences.Genotype data grouped the d.Citripopulations from kenya and tanzania in one cluster, and those from ethiopia formed a separate cluster.The two genetic clusters inferred from genotype data were congruent with mitochondrial sequence data.The mitogenomes from kenya/tanzania/china had 99.0% similarity, and the ethiopia/usa had 99.9% similarity.In conclusion,d.Citripopulations in eastern africa have different sources, as the kenyan and tanzanian populations probably originated from southeastern asia, while the ethiopian population most probably originated from the americas.

Journal: Ecology and evolution (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article