syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Algebraical Entropy and Arrow of Time.

Usually, it is supposed that irreversibility of time appears only in macrophysics.Here, we attempt to introduce the microphysical arrow of time assuming that at a fundamental level nature could be non-associative.Obtaining numerical results of a measurement, which requires at least three ingredients: object, device and observer, in the non-associative case depends on ordering of operations and is ambiguous.We show that use of octonions as a fundamental algebra, in any measurement, leads to generation of unavoidable 18.6 bit relative entropy of the probability density functions of the active and passive transformations, which correspond to the groups g2 and so(7), respectively.This algebraical entropy can be used to determine the arrow of time, analogically as thermodynamic entropy does.

Journal: Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
For safe and adequate blood purification therapy in severe COVID-19 ‒ what we have learned so far.

Acute kidney injury (aki) is defined as an increase in serum creatinine within 48 h or 1 week, or a decrease in urine output within 6-24 h.Continuous renal replacement therapy (crrt) plays an important role in patients with severe aki.In addition to direct cytotoxicity caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, patients with coronavirus disease (covid-19) experience endothelial cell damage, increased thrombogenic inflammation, and impaired immune responses.It has been reported that the more severe the case, the greater overproduction of cytokines and the more advanced the multiorgan failure.The kidney is widely recognized as one of the primary target organs; and covid-19 positive aki has been reported to have a greater rate of subsequent decline in renal function than covid-19 negative aki.Blood purification therapy has been used to prevent or alleviate organ damage in patients with moderate-to-severe covid-19.Cytokine regulation is one of the primary therapeutic goals for these patients.Even with the widespread use of vaccines and antibody therapy, a certain percentage of patients develop moderate-to-severe diseases.

Journal: Global health & medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Invasive versus echocardiographic gradients in degenerated surgical aortic valve prostheses: A multicenter study.

S to compare echocardiographic and invasive mean gradients obtained concomitantly in degenerated bioprosthetic surgical aortic valves (savrs).Methods in a multicenter study, we compared concomitant echocardiographic and invasive mean gradients of savr, obtained before valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement in all patients, patients with primary stenosis (as), primary aortic regurgitation (ar), and mixed aortic valve disease (mavd), and in small versus large valves (≤ or >23 mm).Dimensionless index (di) was calculated in all groups.Results in total, 74 patients were included and data presented as median (interquartile range).Echocardiography-catheterization mean gradient discordance was observed in all patients (invasive = 22 mm hg [11-34] vs echocardiographic = 32 mm hg [21-42],p= .013), small valves (invasive = 15 mm hg [8-34] vs echocardiographic = 28 mm hg [21-41],p= .013), and large valves (invasive = 20 mm hg [8.5-27.13] vs echocardiographic = 32 mm hg [25.5 - 41.5],p< .0001), with a bias of 8 ± 15 mm hg and wide limits of agreement (-22 to 39 mm hg) on bland-altman plots, indicating these modalities may not be interchangeable.Discordance occurred in ar (invasive = 3 mm hg [1-6] vs echocardiographic = 12 mm hg [7-22],p= .017) and in mavd (invasive = 19 mm hg [12-29] vs echocardiographic = 31 mm hg [23-39],p< .0001) but not in as (invasive = 35 mm hg [24-45] vs echocardiographic = 41 mm hg [30-50],p= .45).A lower di (0.21 [0.14-0.25]) occurred in as compared with mavd (0.31 [0.19-0.39]) and ar (0.55 [0.51-0.69]),p< .0001.Conclusions discordance between echocardiography and invasive mean gradients exists in degenerated savr, regardless of valve size, but depends on mechanism of failure and di helps stratify these patients.With a discrepancy between echocardiographic mean gradients and the patient's symptoms or the valve leaflet structure and/or mobility on imaging, especially before redo-savr or valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement, invasive gradients may adjudicate the true valvular hemodynamics.

Journal: JTCVS open (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The ABI3 Transcription Factor Interaction and Antagonism with Ubiquitin E3 Ligase ScPRT1 inSyntrichia caninervis.

The ubiquitination pathway has been found to regulate plant responses to environmental stress.However, the role of e3 ubiquitin ligase in desiccation tolerant moss has not yet been elucidated.Previous research has shown that the abscisic acid (aba) signaling factor sc abi3 can significantly increase desiccation tolerance and reduce aba sensitivity in the desert moss syntrichia caninervis.In this study, we identified a ring-type e3 ubiquitin ligase, sc prt1, and showed that sc abi3 can directly interact with sc prt1 in vitro and in vivo.Furthermore, we found that the high expression of sc prt1can interfere with the transcription of sc abi3under aba treatment.Therefore, we speculate that sc prt1 may degrade sc abi3 through the ubiquitin-26s proteasome system and participate in aba-dependent signaling in response to aba-insensitivity or desiccation tolerance in s.Caninervis.The findings from our study may enrich our knowledge of the role of e3 ubiquitin ligase in desiccation tolerance and lay a theoretical foundation for an in-depth study of the relationship between ubiquitination modification and aba signal transduction under environmental stress.

Journal: Genes (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Identifying SARS-CoV-2 'memory' NK cells from COVID-19 convalescent donors for adoptive cell therapy.

Covid-19 disease is the manifestation of syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-co v-2) infection, which is causing a worldwide pandemic.This disease can lead to multiple and different symptoms, being lymphopenia associated with severity one of the most persistent.Natural killer cells (nk cells) are part of the innate immune system, being fighting against virus-infected cells one of their key roles.In this study, we determined the phenotype of nk cells after covid-19 and the main characteristic of sars-co v-2-specific-like nk population in the blood of convalescent donors.Cd57+ nkg2c+ phenotype in sars-co v-2 convalescent donors indicates the presence of 'memory'/activated nk cells as it has been shown for cytomegalovirus infections.Although the existence of this population is donor dependent, its expression may be crucial for the specific response against sars-co v-2, so that, it gives us a tool for selecting the best donors to produce off-the-shelf living drug for cell therapy to treat covid-19 patients under the release clinical trial (nct04578210).

Journal: Immunology (2022)
Publication types: Clinical Trial;Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Effects of Macroporous Resin Extract of Dendrobium officinale Leaves in Rats with Hyperuricemia Induced by Fructose and Potassium Oxonate.

S and objectives fructose, as a ubiquitous monosaccharide, can promote atp consumption and elevate circulating uric acid (ua) levels.Our previous studies have confirmed that the macroporous resin extract of dendrobium officinale leaves (do mre) could reduce the ua level of rats with hyperuricemia induced by a high-purine diet.This study aimed to investigate whether do mre had a ua-lowering effect on rats with hyperuricemia caused by fructose combined with potassium oxonate, so as to further clarify the ua-lowering effect of do mre, and to explore the ualowering effect of do mre on both ua production and excretion.Materials and methods rats with hyperuricemia induced by fructose and potassium oxonate were administered with do mre and vehicle control, respectively, to compare the effects of the drugs.At the end of the experiment, the serum uric acid (sua) and creatinine (cr) levels were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer, the activities of xanthine oxidase (xod) were measured using an assay kit, and the protein expressions of urate transporter 1 (urat1), glucose transporter 9 (glut9), and atp-binding cassette superfamily g member 2 (abcg2) were assessed using immune-histochemical and western blot analyses.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess the histological changes in the kidney, liver, and intestine.Results fructose and potassium induced hyperuricemia in rats.Meanwhile, the activities of xod were markedly augmented, the expression of urat1 and glut9 was promoted, and the expression of abcg2 was reduced, which were conducive to the elevation of ua.However, exposure to do mre reversed these fructose- and potassium oxonate-induced negative alternations in rats.The activities of xod were recovered to the normal level, reducing ua formation; the expressions of urat1, abcg2, and glut9 returned to the normal level, resulting in an increase in renal urate excretion.Conclusion do mre reduces ua levels in rats with hyperuricemia induced by fructose combined with potassium oxonate by inhibiting xod activity and regulating the expression of abcg2, urat1, and glut9.Do mre is a potential therapeutic agent for treating hyperuricemia through inhibiting ua formation and promoting ua excretion.

Journal: Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
How are public engagement health festivals evaluated? A systematic review with narrative synthesis.

The evaluation of public engagement health festivals is of growing importance, but there has been no synthesis of its practice to date.We conducted a systematic review of evidence from the evaluation of health-related public engagement festivals published since 2000 to inform future evaluation.Primary study quality was assessed using the mixed methods appraisal tool.Extracted data were integrated using narrative synthesis, with evaluation methods compared with the queen mary university of london public engagement evaluation toolkit.407 database records were screened; eight studies of varied methodological quality met the inclusion criteria.Evaluations frequently used questionnaires to collect mixed-methods data.Higher quality studies had specific evaluation aims, used a wider variety of evaluation methods and had independent evaluation teams.Evaluation sample profiles were often gender-biased and not ethnically representative.Patient involvement in event delivery supported learning and engagement.These findings and recommendations can help improve future evaluations.(research registry id reviewregistry1021).

Journal: PloS one (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Systematic Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Multifunctional Dental Composite with Piezoelectric Nanofillers for Combined Antibacterial and Mineralization Effects.

After nearly seven decades of development, dental composite restorations continue to show limited clinical service.The triggering point for restoration failure is the degradation of the bond at the tooth-biomaterial interface from chemical, biological, and mechanical sources.Oral biofilms form at the bonded interfaces, producing enzymes and acids that demineralize hard tissues and damage the composite.Removing bacteria from bonded interfaces and remineralizing marginal gaps will increase restorations' clinical service.To address this need, we propose for the first time the use of piezoelectric nanoparticles of barium titanate (ba ti o3) as a multifunctional bioactive filler in dental resin composites, offering combined antibacterial and (re)mineralization effects.In this work, we developed and characterized the properties of dental piezoelectric resin composites, including the degree of conversion and mechanical and physical properties, for restorative applications.Moreover, we evaluated the antibacterial and mineralization responses of piezoelectric compositesin vitro.We observed a significant reduction in biofilm growth (up to 90%) and the formation of thick and dense layers of calcium phosphate minerals in piezoelectric composites compared to control groups.The antibacterial mechanism was also revealed.Additionally, we developed a unique approach evaluating the bond strength of dentin-adhesive-composite interfaces subjected to simultaneous attacks from bacteria and cyclic mechanical loading operating in synergy.Our innovative bioactive multifunctional composite provides an ideal technology for restorative applications using a single filler with combined long-lasting nonrechargeable antibacterial/remineralization effects.

Journal: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The effect of Glucomannan on fasting and postprandial blood glucose in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Glucomannan is a dietary fiber that slows the absorption of carbohydrates and suppresses appetite, thereby reducing blood glucose.This meta-analysis sought to examine the effect of glucomannan supplementation on fasting blood glucose (fbg) and postprandial glucose (ppg) in adults.Method we searched pub med, and scopus databases, and google scholar from inception to may 2020, using relevant keywords.All randomized controlled clinical trials (rcts) that examined the effect of glucomannan supplementation on fbg and ppg in adults were included.Weighted mean differences (wmd) and their 95% confidence interval (ci) were calculated using stata.Subgroup analysis was used to discern possible sources of heterogeneity.Results overall, 6 trials were included, consisting of 124 participants.We found that glucomannan supplementation significantly reduced fbg (wmd): -0.60 mmol/l, 95% ci: -1.16, -0.05;p=0.03, but not ppg (wmd: -2.07mmol/l ; 95% ci: -5.09, 0.95;p=0.18), compared with controls group.We conducted subgroup analysis based on dosage and duration of intervention and health status of the population.Findings from subgroup analysis revealed a significant effect of glucomannan supplementation on fbg in diabetic patients (wmd: -1.28 mmol/l, 95% ci: -2.54, -0.02;p=0.04).Conclusion glucomannan supplementation can elicit significant reductions in fbg, but has no significant impact on ppg, in adults.More rcts may find the exact effect of glucomannan on fbg and ppg.Supplementary information the online version contains supplementary material available at .

Journal: Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Thermochemistry and Kinetics of the Atmospheric Oxidation Reactions of Propanesulfinyl Chloride Initiated by OH Radicals: A Computational Approach.

The thermochemistry and kinetics of the atmospheric oxidation mechanism for propanesulfinyl chloride (ch3-ch2-ch2-s(═o)cl; psicl) initiated by the hydroxyl (oh) radical were investigated with high level quantum chemistry calculations and the master equation solver for multi-energy well reaction (mesmer) kinetic code.The mechanism for the oxidation of psicl in the presence of oh radical can proceed via h-abstraction and substitution pathways.The ccsd(t)/aug-cc-p v(t+d)z//mp2/aug-cc-p v(t+d)z level calculated energies revealed addition of the oh radical to the s-atom of the sulfinyl (-s(═o)) moiety, followed by cleavage of the cl-s(═o) single bond, leading to formation of propanesulfinic acid (psia) and the cl radical to be the major pathway when compared to all other possible channels.The transition state barrier height for this reaction was found to be -3.0 kcal mol-1relative to the energy of the starting psicl + oh radical reactants.The rate coefficients were calculated for all possible paths in the atmospherically relevant temperature range of 200-320 k and at 1 atm.The rate coefficient for the formation of the psia + cl radical from the psicl + oh radical reaction was found to be 8.2 × 10-12cm3molecule-1s-1at 298 k and a pressure of 1 atm.From branching ratio calculations, it was revealed that the reaction resulting in the formation of the psia + cl radical contributed ∼52% to the total reaction.The overall rate coefficient for the psicl + oh reaction was also calculated and found to be 1.6 × 10-11cm3molecule-1s-1at 298 k and a pressure of 1 atm.In the aggregate, the results indicate the atmospheric lifetime of psicl to be ∼12-20 h in the temperature range between 200 and 320 k, which suggests that its contribution to global warming is negligible.However, the degradation products revealed to be formed in its interactions with the oh radical, which include that so2, cl radical, ho2radical, and propylene have significant effects on the formation of acid rain, secondary organic aerosols, the ozone layer, and global warming.

Journal: The journal of physical chemistry. A (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Subcellular Characterization of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Biosynthesis in Metastatic Melanoma by Using Organelle-Specific Biosensors.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad+) plays central roles in a wide array of normal and pathological conditions.Inhibition of nad+biosynthesis can be exploited therapeutically in cancer, including melanoma.To obtain quantitation of nad+levels in live cells and to address the issue of the compartmentalization of nad+biosynthesis, we exploited a recently described genetically encoded nad+biosensor (lig a-circularly permutated venus), which was targeted to the cytosol, mitochondria, and nuclei of braf-v600ea375 melanoma cells, a model of metastatic melanoma (mm).results:fk866, a specific inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (nampt), the main nad+-producing enzyme in mm cells, was used to monitor nad+depletion kinetics at the subcellular level in biosensor-transduced a375 cells.In addition, we treated fk866-blocked a375 cells with nad+precursors, including nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide riboside, and quinolinic acid, highlighting an organelle-specific capacity of each substrate to rescue from nampt block.Expression of nad+biosynthetic enzymes was then biochemically studied in isolated organelles, revealing the presence of nampt in all three cellular compartments, whereas nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase was predominantly cytosolic and mitochondrial, and nicotinamide riboside kinase mitochondrial and nuclear.In keeping with biosensor data, quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase was expressed at extremely low levels.innovation and conclusions:throughout this work, we validated the use of genetically encoded nad+biosensors to characterize subcellular distribution of nad+production routes in mm.The chance of real-time monitoring of nad+fluctuations after chemical perturbations, together with a deeper comprehension of the cofactor biosynthesis compartmentalization, strengthens the foundation for a targeted strategy of nad+pool manipulation in cancer and metabolic diseases.

Journal: Antioxidants & redox signaling (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The Influence of Trabectome Surgery on Corneal Endothelial Cells.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of trabectome surgery on corneal endothelial cells by site.Methods retrospective observational study.Trabectome surgeries were performed on 159 eyes of 132 adult japanese patients.Corneal endothelial cells were measured at the center (c), inferior (i), nasal inferior (ni), nasal superior (ns), superior (s), temporal superior (ts), and temporal inferior (ti) sectors at <1 month preoperatively and 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months postoperatively, for changes in corneal endothelial cell density (ecd), coefficient of variation (cv), and incidence of hexagonal cells (6a).Results mean preoperative ecd in all groups were 2401±451 (sd) cells/mm (c), 2366±450 cells/mm (i), 2397±479 cells/mm (ni), 2476±554 cells/mm (ns), 2493±596 cells/mm (s), 2464±558 cells/mm (ts), and 2329±510 cells/mm (ti).The 12-month postoperative mean ecds were 2344±480 cells/mm (c), 2312±469 cells/mm (i), 2325±536 cells/mm (ni), 2473±517 cells/mm (ns), 2438±607 cells/mm (s), 2227±578 cells/mm (ts), and 2193±523 cells/mm (ti).There was no change in ecd in all sectors before and after surgery.Ecd decreased at the ts and ti in combination with cataract surgery (2620±430 and 2445±384 cells/mm) preoperatively to 2264±501 and 2216±477 cells/mm at 12 months postoperatively.Cv and 6a did not change at all sites in all surgical procedures before and after surgery.Conclusions trabectome surgery involves minimal effects to corneal endothelial cells, although long-term prospective studies with greater sample sizes are necessary to confirm this conclusion.

Journal: Journal of glaucoma (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Didactic Physician Assistant Students' Perceptions of Evidence-Based Medicine Resources: A Preliminary Investigation.

Evidence-based medicine (ebm) instruction is required for physician assistant (pa) students.This pilot study surveyed didactic pa students at three geographically diverse pa programs at the end of their didactic ebm course to understand which attributes of ebm resources they find most and least useful, and their self-efficacy in searching and appraising medical literature.Thematic analysis identified the most important student-reported attributes of a resource.Pa students in this sample preferred up to date and pub med as their top ebm tools based on attribute ratings.However, each database included in this pilot study received positive feedback, despite a low usage rate across institutions.The most important attributes were ease of use/search, information presentation, and conclusion/critical appraisal skill.After one ebm course, on average, students rated their self-efficacy searching the literature and appraising the literature as "moderately confident." this suggests that instructors and librarians have an opportunity to expose students to more tools as well as encourage "the right tool for the right job."

Journal: Medical reference services quarterly (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cholinergic REST-G9a gene repression through HMGB1-TLR4 neuroimmune signaling regulates basal forebrain cholinergic neuron phenotype.

Lipopolysaccharide (lps) and high-mobility group box 1 (hmgb1) are toll-like receptor (tlr4) agonists that activate proinflammatory neuroimmune signaling linked to loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (bfcns) and cognitive deficits.Loss of choline acetyltransferase immunoreactive (ch at + ir) bfcns is generally interpreted as cell death, but recentin vivostudies find anti-inflammatory interventions restore adolescent ethanol exposure-induced persistent loss of adult ch at + ir neurons and cognitive deficits, suggesting proinflammatory signaling-induced reversible gene repression of ch at in bfcns.Using anex vivo wistar rat basal forebrain slice culture (fsc) model to investigate tlr4 involvement in repression of the bfcn phenotype, we report that direct tlr4 activation with lps decreases expression of multiple bfcn markers in the absence of observable neuronal loss or cell death.Inhibition of hmgb1 blunts while inhibition of tlr4 blocks the lps-induced loss of ch at + ir neurons.Tlr4 activation induces the transcriptional repressor re1-silencing transcription factor (rest) and the methyltransferase g9a while increasing repressive histone 3 lysine 9 dimethylation and rest occupancy at cholinergic gene promoters.G9a inhibitors both prevent and reverse the lps-induced loss of ch at + ir whereas si rna inhibition of rest blocks the lps-induced loss of ch at + ir bfcns.These data suggestin vivo hmgb1-tlr4 signaling in bfcns leads to a reversible loss of the cholinergic neuron phenotype through epigenetic gene repressive mechanisms.

Journal: Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article