syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Canopy arthropod declines along a gradient of olive farming intensification.

Arthropod declines have been linked to agricultural intensification.However, information about the impacts of intensification is still limited for many crops, as is our understanding of the responses of different arthropod taxa and trophic groups, thus hindering the development of effective mitigation measures.We investigated the impacts of olive farming intensification on canopy-dwelling arthropods in the mediterranean region.Intensification involves the increased use of agrochemicals, mechanisation and irrigation, but also structural changes from traditional orchards with low densities of large and old trees, to intensive and superintensive orchards with high to very high densities of smaller and younger trees, respectively.Canopy arthropods were vacuum-sampled at 53 sites representing the three orchard intensification levels, in spring, summer and autumn 2017.We evaluated how the arthropod community varied across intensification levels, and in response to orchard structure, management and landscape context.We found no changes in the diversity of arthropod taxa across intensification levels after correcting for sample coverage, but arthropod abundance declined markedly along the intensification gradient.Decreased abundance was associated with changes in orchard structure, lower herbaceous cover, and higher herbicide and insecticide use.The abundance of a specialized olive pest was lower in landscapes with higher woodland cover.The negative effects of intensification were stronger in spring and summer than in autumn, and parasitoids and predators were particularly affected.Overall, results suggest that retaining herbaceous cover, reducing agrochemical inputs and preserving natural woody elements in the landscape, may contribute to mitigate impacts of olive farming intensification on canopy arthropods, particularly on beneficial species.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Root and canal morphology of the permanent teeth in medieval and current French population.

This work describes and compares the root and root canal morphology of a medieval population dating from the 8th to 10th century from the southwest of france, and a current french population.Design the root morphology of 579 teeth from 70 medieval individuals was analyzed using cone beam computed tomography, and compared with 690 teeth from a current french population of 329 individuals.The vertucci classification was used to describe the root canal configuration.Results in the medieval population, the maxillary first premolar usually had one root.In contrast, in the current population this tooth predominantly had two roots, and the three-root form had appeared.Mandibular canine with two roots was observed in 5.7% of cases, and in the current population this form was found in 1.6% but the difference was not significative.The greatest variability between the two populations in terms of root canal configuration was in one-rooted maxillary first and second premolars, the mandibular canines, and the distal roots of the mandibular first molars.Differences in root numbers and canal configurations of the maxillary molars investigated among the two populations were not significant.Conclusions this study indicated that the upper first premolar of the current population tended to have more than one root, while this tooth type of the medieval group mostly appeared with only one.For the root canal configuration, studies in the upper premolars, lower canines and first molars of the current population apparently revealed a significant simplification compared with the ancient group.

Journal: Archives of oral biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Ansa pancreatica: a rare cause of acute recurrent episode in chronic pancreatitis.

Ansa pancreatica is a rare anatomic variation of pancreatic ducts.It is a predisposing factor of recurrent pancreatitis.In this case report, we describe a case of a 24-year-old male suffering from an ansa pancreatica with a non-patent major papilla, diagnosed on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (mrcp).the ansa pancreatica was revealed by an episode of acute pancreatitis attacks in chronic pancreatitis.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) confirmed important abrupt dilation in the main pancreatic duct with an ansa loop in the pancreatic duct in the head of the pancreas, and a sphincterotomy of the minor papilla was performed.The procedure was difficult and the placement of a long-term pancreatic stent during the ercp was impossible, thus a surgical pancreatico-jejunostomy was proposed as a treatment of an ansa pancreatica with a non-patent major papilla.

Journal: BJR case reports (2021)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Fingernail onychomycosis caused by Microsporum canis in a teenager.

A healthy 15-year-old girl presented with a total dystrophic nail plate and subungual hyperkeratosis over her left 3rd fingernail.Her 2-year-old shorthair cat had circular erythematous patches of alopecia on the left aspect of its forehead.Fungal culture from the affected nail and her cat both grew microsporum canis.The girl was treated with terbinafine with clinical and mycological cure.

Journal: Pediatric dermatology (2021)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Effect of inclusion on 4H-SiC during nano-scratching from an atomistic perspective.

Inclusion, a common three-dimension defect, can be introduced during si c epitaxy.In this study, we constructed nano-scratching molecular dynamics models embedded in two common types of inclusion-c-inclusion and si-inclusion-to explore the effect of inclusion during scratching.Furthermore, the microstructure and atomistic behavior, surface morphology, scratching force, stress, and temperature were analyzed to bridge the simulation and processing parameters.The results showed that inclusion could affect the microstructure and atomistic behavior, and machinability.To eliminate inclusion completely, high penetration depth was required, but it would promote the process parameter sensitivity of inclusion.In summary, the behavior of c-inclusion embedded in si c more likes a hard particle, while the behavior of si-inclusion embedded in si c more likes a soft particle.

Journal: Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Brief Report: Impact of COVID-19 on Cabotegravir Plus Rilpivirine Long-Acting Dosing Across 6 Ongoing Global Phase IIb and III Clinical Trials.

Cabotegravir + rilpivirine long-acting (la) is a novel antiretroviral therapy (art) administered intramuscularly monthly or every 2 months by a health care provider.The covid-19 pandemic presents a potential challenge to patients' ability to attend scheduled clinic visits for dosing administration.Setting this analysis evaluated implementation fidelity across 6 phase iib/iii/iiib cabotegravir + rilpivirine la clinical trials in 16 countries during the covid-19 pandemic.Methods covid-19-impacted visits were defined as modified dosing visits for which oral therapy was provided to participants unable to attend the clinic or injection visits that were rescheduled.Data from december 1, 2019, to march 1, 2021, were aggregated and analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results of 2127 participants in cabotegravir + rilpivirine la trials, 1997 (94%) had la dosing visits proceed as planned during the covid-19 pandemic.Of 130 (6%) participants with injection visits affected by covid-19, most were from north america (57%) and europe (26%).Most participants with covid-19-impacted visits used oral therapy with cabotegravir + rilpivirine (75%) or alternative oral standard-of-care art (21%) to maintain continuous art.The most common reasons for missed visits were clinic closure/staffing constraints (48%) and covid-19-related travel restrictions (23%).Most (98%) participants who used oral art maintained virologic suppression; 2 participants had viral load between 50 and 100 copies/m l.Conclusion during the covid-19 pandemic, most trial participants maintained their la dosing schedules.Flexibility of the la dosing regimen, with the ability to switch to oral therapy, facilitated continuous art provision and implementation fidelity.

Journal: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
[Characteristics of Microbial Colony Counts on Agar Plates for Food and Microbial Culture Samples].

Microbial colony counts of concern of food products are one of the most important items in microbiological examinations.The distributions of colony counts per agar plate of food samples are considered to be reflected with microbial cell distributions in food homogenates.However, (i) the probabilistic distributions of the colony counts per agar plate at the dilution of counting and (ii) the relationship between the colony counts per plate and the number of agar plates for food samples have not been intensively studied so far.In this study, therefore, these two points were studied with raw food samples of raw minced beef and chicken and raw milk and microbial culture samples of escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, and saccharomyces cerevisiae.Among four major probabilistic distributions, it was found that aerobic plate counts per plate of the foods were well described with negative binomial, poisson, and normal distributions and that the colony counts per plate of microbial cultures were described well with binomial, poisson, and normal distributions.The effect of the number of agar plates on the estimation of the mean of colony counts per plate of a sample was then studied with the data randomly resampled from the experimental data.The resampled data showed that with more number of plates the mean of counts fluctuated less and the coefficients of variation of colony counts per plate decreased further, which were coincident to the estimated by the central limit theory.Our study would provide useful information on the characteristics of colony counts per plate of food samples which are routinely examined.

Journal: Shokuhin eiseigaku zasshi. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Behavior Momentum Theory and Humans: A Review of the Literature.

Behavioral momentum theory (bmt) is often described as analogous to newton's (1687) laws of motion.That is to say, similar to an object in motion continuing in motion unless acted upon by a force, responses occurring in a static environment will continue to occur at the same rate, unless presented with a disruptor (nevin, tota, torquato, & shull,journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 53,359-379, 1990).When evaluating response rates through a behavioral momentum framework, responding continuing after a change in reinforcer conditions is said to persist.Previous research conducted with nonhuman animals indicates greater response persistence following conditions with either higher reinforcer rates or higher reinforcer magnitudes (nevin,journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 21(3), 389-408, 1974; nevin et al.,journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 53, 359-379, 1990).Although bmt's implications extend across human and nonhuman species, this literature review attempts to provide practitioners and researchers information regarding response persistence across various conditions with human participants.

Journal: The Psychological record (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Bilateral and unilateral load-velocity profiling in a machine-based, single-joint, lower body exercise.

To analyze the goodness of fit of the load-velocity relationship in a machine-based, single-joint exercise performed both in a bilateral and unilateral manner, as well as to study its accuracy to estimate one repetition maximum (1-rm).Methods fifteen resistance trained males performed an incremental test in the bilateral and unilateral leg extension exercise up to the 1-rm in two separate occasions.Mean vertical velocity of the weight plates in the leg extension machine was measured for every repetition using a smartphone application (my lift).Results linear regression analyses showed a high goodness of fit (r2 > 0.93) and small standard errors of estimate (see 1.0, p 0.05).Conclusions this proof of concept highlights that computing load-velocity relationships in a machine-based, single-joint, angular exercise can be appropriately performed by measuring the mean vertical velocity of the weight plates.These results could help strength and conditioning researchers and coaches who wish to analyze load-velocity relationship in other common machine-based exercises.

Journal: PloS one (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Systemic immune-checkpoint blockade with anti-PD1 antibodies does not alter cerebral amyloid-β burden in several amyloid transgenic mouse models.

Chronic inflammation represents a central component in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad).Recent work suggests that breaking immune tolerance by programmed cell death-1 (pd1) checkpoint inhibition produces an ifn-γ-dependent systemic immune response, with infiltration of the brain by peripheral myeloid cells and neuropathological as well as functional improvements even in mice with advanced amyloid pathology (baruch et al., (): nature medicine, 22:135-137).Immune checkpoint inhibition was therefore suggested as potential treatment for neurodegenerative disorders when activation of the immune system is appropriate.Because a xenogeneic rat antibody (m ab) was used in the study, whether the effect was specific to pd1 target engagement was uncertain.In the present study we examined whether pd1 immunotherapy can lower amyloid-β pathology in a range of different amyloid transgenic models performed at three pharmaceutical companies with the exact same anti-pd1 isotype and two mouse chimeric variants.Although pd1 immunotherapy stimulated systemic activation of the peripheral immune system, monocyte-derived macrophage infiltration into the brain was not detected, and progression of brain amyloid pathology was not altered.Similar negative results of the effect of pd1 immunotherapy on amyloid brain pathology were obtained in two additional models in two separate institutions.These results show that inhibition of pd1 checkpoint signaling by itself is not sufficient to reduce amyloid pathology and that additional factors might have contributed to previously published results (baruch et al., (): nature medicine, 22:135-137).Until such factors are elucidated, animal model data do not support further evaluation of pd1 checkpoint inhibition as a therapeutic modality for alzheimer's disease.

Journal: Glia (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Inhibitor of Hyaluronic Acid Synthesis 4-Methylumbelliferone Suppresses the Secretory Processes That Ensure the Invasion of Neutrophils into Tissues and Induce Inflammation.

Integrin-dependent adhesion of neutrophils to tissue, accompanied by the development of neutrophil-induced inflammation, occurs both in the focus of infection and in the absence of infection in metabolic disorders such as reperfusion after ischemia, diabetes mellitus, or the development of pneumonia in patients with cystic fibrosis or viral diseases.Hyaluronic acid (ha) plays an important role in the recruitment of neutrophils to tissues.4-methylumbilliferon (4-mu), an inhibitor of ha synthesis, is used to treat inflammation, but its mechanism of action is unknown.We studied the effect of 4-mu on neutrophil adhesion and concomitant secretion using adhesion to fibronectin as a model for integrin-dependent adhesion.4-mu reduced the spreading of neutrophils on the substrate and the concomitant secretion of granule proteins, including pro-inflammatory components.4-mu also selectively blocked adhesion-induced release of the free amino acid hydroxylysine, a product of lysyl hydroxylase, which can influence cell invasion by modifying the extracellular matrix.Finally, 4-mu inhibited the formation of cytonemes, the extracellular membrane secretory structures containing the pro-inflammatory bactericides of the primary granules.The anti-inflammatory effect of 4-mu may be associated with the suppression of secretory processes that ensure the neutrophil invasion and initiate inflammation.We suggest that ha, due to the peculiarities of its synthesis, can promote the release of secretory carriers from the cell and 4-mu can block this process.

Journal: Biomedicines (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Use of uterine manipulator in endometrial cancer: A French survey from Francogyn group.

Introduction since the lacc study in 2018, the use of the uterine manipulator (um) has been questioned in oncological surgery.Nowadays, there are few data on um use in patients eligible for minimally invasive surgery for endometrial cancer.Our objective was to evaluate the practices and modalities of um use by french onco-gynecologic surgeons in the management of endometrial cancer.Methods we surveyed the practices of 3 french medical societies-affiliated onco-gynecological surgeons with a web questionnaire composed of 16 questions.Results a total of 165 responses were collected.In the case of minimally invasive hysterectomy for endometrial cancer, the routine use of um was 42.7%.Of the 40.9% of surgeons who never used um, 83.6% justified it with the risk of tumor spillage.When um was used, surgeons mentioned reducing operating time and reducing complications in 67.0% and 59.8% of cases respectively as its main advantages.Um was set up without laparoscopic control in 54.6% of cases.In 47.4% of cases, the medical student was in charge of um instrumentation.Tubal obliteration at the beginning of the procedure was performed systematically in 35.4% of cases.For 63.5% of um users, the adjuvant treatment could be modified in case of uterine perforation.Conclusion this survey confirms the heterogeneity of practices regarding the use of um in endometrial cancer surgery.Prospective data on the benefit (reduction of surgical complications)/risk (impact on survival) balance are needed to recommend or not the use of this device.

Journal: European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Screening of cashmere fineness-related genes and their ceRNA network construction in cashmere goats.

Competitive endogenous rna (ce rna) is a transcript that can be mutually regulated at the post-transcriptional level by competing shared mi rnas.The ce rna network connects the function of protein-encoded m rna with the function of non-coding rna, such as micro rna (mi rna), long non-coding rna (lnc rna), and circular rna (circ rna).However, compared with the ce rna, the identification and combined analysis of lnc rnas, m rnas, mi rnas, and circ rnas in the cashmere fineness have not been completed.Using rna-seq technology, we first identified the mi rnas presented in liaoning cashmere goat (lcg) skin, and then analyzed the m rnas, lnc rnas, circ rnas expressed in lcg and inner mongolia cashmere goat (mcg) skin.As a result, 464 known and 45 new mi rnas were identified in lcg skin.In lcg and mcg skin, 1222 differentially expressed m rnas were identified, 170 differentially expressed lnc rnas and 32 differentially expressed circ rnas were obtained.Then, q rt-pcr was used to confirm further the representative lnc rnas, m rnas, circ rnas and mi rnas.In addition, mi randa predicted the relationships of ce rna regulatory network among lnc rnas, circ rnas, mi rnas and m rnas, the potential regulatory effects were investigated by go and kegg analysis.Through the screening and analysis of the results, the ce rna network regulating cashmere fineness was constructed.Lnc rna mstrg14109.1 and circ rna452 were competed with mi rna-2330 to regulated the expression of tchh, krt35 and junb, which may provide a potential basis for further research on the process of regulating the cashmere fineness.

Journal: Scientific reports (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Synthesis of Enantioenrichedgem-Disubstituted 4-Imidazolidinones by Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation.

A variety of enantioenrichedgem-disubstituted 4-imidazolidinones were prepared in up to >99% yield and 95% ee by the pd-catalyzed decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation of imidazolidinone-derived β-amidoesters.In the process of preparing these substrates, a rapid synthetic route to 4-imidazolidinone derivatives was developed, beginning from 2-thiohydantoin.The orthogonality of the benzoyl imide andtert-butyl carbamate groups used to protect these nitrogen-rich products was demonstrated, enabling potential applications in drug design.

Journal: Organic letters (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Generalized quasi-linear mixed-effects model.

The generalized linear mixed model (glmm) is one of the most common method in the analysis of longitudinal and clustered data in biological sciences.However, issues of model complexity and misspecification can occur when applying the glmm.To address these issues, we extend the standard glmm to a nonlinear mixed-effects model based on quasi-linear modeling.An estimation algorithm for the proposed model is provided by extending the penalized quasi-likelihood and the restricted maximum likelihood which are known in the glmm inference.Also, the conditional aic is formulated for the proposed model.The proposed model should provide a more flexible fit than the glmm when there is a nonlinear relation between fixed and random effects.Otherwise, the proposed model is reduced to the glmm.The performance of the proposed model under model misspecification is evaluated in several simulation studies.In the analysis of respiratory illness data from a randomized controlled trial, we observe the proposed model can capture heterogeneity; that is, it can detect a patient subgroup with specific clinical character in which the treatment is effective.

Journal: Statistical methods in medical research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Tailoring optical properties and stimulated emission in nanostructured polythiophene.

Polythiophenes are the most widely utilized semiconducting polymers in organic electronics, but they are scarcely exploited in photonics due to their high photo-induced absorption caused by interchain polaron pairs, which prevents the establishment of a window of net optical gain.Here we study the photophysics of poly(3-hexylthiophene) configured with different degrees of supramolecular ordering, spin-coated thin films and templated nanowires, and find marked differences in their optical properties.Transient absorption measurements evidence a partially-polarized stimulated emission band in the nanowire samples, in contrast with the photo-induced absorption band observed in spin-coated thin films.In combination with theoretical modeling, our experimental results reveal the origin of the primary photoexcitations dominating the dynamics for different supramolecular ordering, with singlet excitons in the nanostructured samples superseding the presence of polaron pairs, which are present in the disordered films.Our approach demonstrates a viable strategy to direct optical properties through structural control, and the observation of optical gain opens the possibility to the use of polythiophene nanostructures as building blocks of organic optical amplifiers and active photonic devices.

Journal: Scientific reports (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article