syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Systemic inflammation increases across distinct stages of advanced chronic liver disease and correlates with decompensation and mortality.

& aims distinct prognostic stages of advanced chronic liver disease (acld) are defined by severity of portal hypertension (ph) and the presence/absence of clinical complications.We characterised the degree of liver dysfunction, ph, and systemic inflammation across the distinct prognostic stages and assessed their relative impact on decompensation and mortality.Methods a single-centre, prospective cohort of acld patients undergoing hepatic venous pressure gradient (hvpg) measurement between 01/2017 and 08/2019 were classified into 6 prognostic stages: mild ph (hvpg 6-9 mm hg, s0), clinically significant ph (hvpg ≥10 mm hg without varices, s1), presence of varices (s2), history of variceal bleeding (s3), first non-bleeding decompensation (s4), and further decompensation (s5).The model for end-stage liver disease (meld), c-reactive protein (crp), and il-6 levels were assessed in relation to their predictive value for decompensation and death.Results among 168 acld patients 78 had compensated (c acld, s0 = 13; s1 = 21; s2 = 44) and 90 had decompensated (d acld, s3 = 10; s4 = 58; s5 = 22) disease.Meld increased across all stages (p <0.001), whereas hvpg mostly increased within c acld substages.Significant increases in crp and il-6 levels were only noted across d acld substages.Il-6 was an independent predictor of decompensation at 1-year follow-up in c acld (hazard ratio [hr] 1.06, 95% ci 1.01-1.10; p = 0.013).In d acld patients, il-6 levels predicted death/transplantation after 1-year of follow-up (hr 1.02, 95% ci 1.01-1.03; p = 0.004).Conclusion hvpg progression occurs mostly in c acld patients, whereas systemic inflammation, as reflected by il-6 levels, only increases substantially across d acld stages.Il-6 levels correlate with the risk of first decompensation in c acld and of death/transplantation in d acld patients.Lay summary patients with advanced chronic liver disease (acld; i.e.Liver cirrhosis) have a certain risk of mortality according to their stage of disease.Progression of disease is greatly influenced by increased pressure in the portal venous system (i.e.Portal hypertension) and occurrence of clinical complications (i.e.Decompensation).Our study demonstrates that systemic inflammation markedly increases across highest disease stages, and the inflammation biomarker il-6 in blood may specifically indicate risk of disease progression in patients with acld.Clinical trials registration the study is registered at clinical trials.gov (nct03267615).

Journal: Journal of hepatology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Layer-Number-Dependent Effects of Graphene Oxide on the Pluripotency of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Through the Regulation of the Interaction Between the Extracellular Matrix and Integrins.

Introduction embryonic stem cells (escs) possess great application prospects in biological research and regenerative medicine, so it is important to obtain escs with excellent and stable cellular states during in vitro expansion.The feeder layer culture system with the addition of leukemia inhibitory factor (lif) is currently applied in esc cultures, but it has a series of disadvantages that could influence the culture efficiency and quality of the escs.With the development of nanotechnology, many studies have applied nanomaterials to optimize the stem cell culture system and regulate the fate of stem cells.In this study, we investigated the layer-number-dependent biofunction of graphene oxide (go) on the pluripotency of escs from mice (m escs).Methods single-layer go (sgo) and multi-layer go (mgo) were characterized and their effects on the cytotoxicity and self-renewal of m escs were detected in vitro.The differentiation potentials of m escs were identified through the formation of embryoid bodies and teratomas.The regulatory mechanism of go was verified by blocking the target receptors on the surface of m escs using antibodies.Results both sgo and mgo were biocompatible with m escs, but only mgo effectively sustained their self-renewal and differentiation potential.In addition, go influenced the cellular activities of m escs by regulating the interactions between extracellular matrix proteins and integrins.Conclusion this work demonstrates the layer-number-dependent effects of go on regulating the cell behavior of m escs and reveals the extracellular regulatory mechanism of this process.

Journal: International journal of nanomedicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Features of the Development of a Mobile Application for Cardiac Patients.

An important global public health problem in many economically developed countries, in particular in kazakhstan, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (cvd), both in urban and rural areas.Objective this study aims to develop the design of a mobile application for smartphones for cardiac patients, taking into account the specifics of outpatient care.Methods this methodological study includes identified educational and prevention content for cvd patients to develop an education and monitoring tool using a smartphone app.The application was developed according to the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation, which is a systematic training model of design.The levels of satisfaction with the developed application for smartphones among 65 outpatients with cvd were assessed using a questionnaire during their visit to a medical organization.Results the «my heart» smartphone app was developed based on a review of the literature related to educating patients with cvd, consulting specialists, monitoring and searching for medical smartphone applications that are already available.The content of education and registration includes three main sections, containing basic questions on registration and monitoring of the condition, materials on education and prevention of cvd, such as a daily questionnaire and nutritional advice.After modification based on expert feedback, the application was finally developed and evaluated by patients who reported being satisfied with the usefulness of the application.Conclusions this application is developed as a research tool to further conduct a study in cvd patients.Current evaluation was a pilot testing wherein this application showed promising results.

Journal: Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Biparietal bidirectional bipolar radiofrequency in hybrid cardiac ablation: an in vitro evaluation.

S the aim of this study was to evaluate the lesion size and depth of radiofrequency (rf) ablation in a simultaneous biparietal bidirectional bipolar (sbb) approach, compared to a simultaneous and staged unipolar and uniparietal bipolar setup [simultaneous uniparietal bipolar (si ub) and staged uniparietal bipolar (st ub), respectively].Methods fresh left atrial porcine tissue was mounted into the abla-box simulator.Different ablation approaches were tested: (i) sbb: a concept consisting of sbb endo-epicardial ablation, (ii) si ub: simultaneous epicardial uniparietal bipolar and endocardial unipolar ablation and (iii) st ub: staged epicardial uniparietal bipolar and endocardial unipolar ablation.In the st ub setup, a 1-h interval between the epi-endo ablation was respected.Results transmural lesions were present in 90% of the bipolar biparietal ablations, yet no full transmurality was observed in the simultaneous nor in the staged unipolar with uniparietal bipolar ablation group.In sbb, the area and volume of the ablation lesions were smaller (523.33 mm2/mm and 52.33 mm3/mm, respectively) than in si ub (588.17 mm2/mm and 58.81 mm3/mm, respectively) and st ub (583.76 mm2/mm and 58.37 mm3/mm, p = 0.044).Also, in sbb, the overall, epicardial and endocardial maximum diameters of the lesions (1.59, 1.57 and 1.52 mm; respectively) were smaller than in si ub (2.38, 2.26 and 2.33 mm; respectively) and in st ub (2.36, 2.28 and 2.14 mm; respectively, all p < 0.001).Conclusions although bipolar biparietal bidirectional rf ablation results in smaller lesions than uniparietal bipolar and unipolar ablation, their capacity to penetrate the tissue is much higher.Moreover, in uniparietal rf applications, the energy spreads in the superficial layers of the tissue but fails to penetrate.Therefore, the degree of transmurality is much higher when using such a 'truly bipolar' ablation approach.

Journal: Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A preliminary evaluation on mixed probiotics as an antimicrobial spraying agent in growing pig barn.

The purpose of this study is to examine whether spraying an anti-microbial agent into the slurry pit will reduce the noxious odor substances from piggery barns.For this, a total of 200 crossbred ([landrace × yorkshire] × duroc) growing pigs with an initial average body weight (bw) of 23.58 ± 1.47 kg were selected and housed in two different rooms, i.e.Control (con) and treatment (trt).Each room has 100 pigs (60 gilts and 40 borrows).For a period of 42 days, all pigs were fed with corn-soybean meal-based basal diet.Later the noxious odor substances were measured by the following methods.First, fecal samples were randomly collected and stored in sealed and unsealed containers, and sprayed with the non-anti-microbial agent (nama) (saline water) and multi-bacterial spraying (mbs) agent (200 :1, mixing ratio-fecal sample : probiotic), second, the slurry pit of con and trt rooms were directly sprayed with nama and mbs, respectively.The fecal sample that was stored in sealed and un-sealed containers and sprayed with mbs significantly reduced nh3 and co2concentration at the end of day 7.However, at the end of day 42, the fecal sample showed a lower h2s, methyl mercaptans, acetic acid, and co2concentration compared to the unsealed container.Moreover, at the end of days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 compared to the con room and trt room slurry pit emits lower concentrations of nh3, acetic acid, h2s, and methyl mercaptans, and co2into the atmosphere.Based on the current findings, we infer that spraying anti-microbial agents on pig dung would be one of the better approaches to suppress the odor emission from the barn in the future.

Journal: Journal of animal science and technology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Incidence of Subacute Thyroiditis During the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea Using the National Health Insurance Service Database.

Subacute thyroiditis (sat) is a thyroid disease initiated by viral infection.Whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can cause sat is unclear.This study investigated changes in the nationwide incidence of sat during the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic.methods:this is a retrospective, cross-sectional population-based study.Data regarding sat and related viral diseases, including covid-19, from 2017 to 2020 were collected from the national health insurance service and korea disease control and prevention agency databases.results:in a total of 15,447 patients, 2484 men and 12,963 women diagnosed with sat from 2017 to 2020 were included in this study.The incidence of sat was significantly higher in 2020 than in 2017-2019 (8.30 vs.7.27 per 100,000 persons,p< 0.001), while the incidence of sat-related respiratory viral diseases, except for covid-19, markedly decreased in 2020.The peak age of sat incidence in 2020 was 50-59 years, and the women-to-men ratio was 5.4 (similar to that in 2017-2019).Corticosteroids were prescribed more often (72% vs.58%,p< 0.001), and the prescription rate exceeding 1 month was significantly higher (45% vs.40%,p< 0.01) in 2020 than in 2017-2019.conclusions:the incidence of sat increased in 2020 in association with covid-19.A diagnostic approach to covid-19 needs to be considered in patients with sat during the covid-19 pandemic.

Journal: Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Access to 5-fluoroalkylated trisubstituted oxazolesviacopper-catalyzed cyclization of α-fluoroalkyl-α-diazoketones with amides.

A novel copper-catalyzed cyclization of α-fluoroalkyl-α-diazoketones with (thio)amides has been developed.This mechanistically distinct protocol provides a robust and straightforward approach to construct 5-fluoroalkylated trisubstituted oxazoles and thiazoles with high efficiency and excellent functional group compatibility.Experimental studies suggest a mechanism involving imidate ligand migratory insertion of a copper carbenoid as the key step.

Journal: Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A 2 year physical activity and dietary intervention attenuates the increase in insulin resistance in a general population of children: the PANIC study.

S/hypothesis we studied for the first time the long-term effects of a combined physical activity and dietary intervention on insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose in a general population of predominantly normal-weight children.Methods we carried out a 2 year non-randomised controlled trial in a population sample of 504 children aged 6-9 years at baseline.The children were allocated to a combined physical activity and dietary intervention group (306 children at baseline, 261 children at 2-year follow-up) or a control group (198 children, 177 children) without blinding.We measured fasting insulin and fasting glucose, calculated homa-ir, assessed physical activity and sedentary time by combined heart rate and body movement monitoring, assessed dietary factors by a 4 day food record, used the finnish children healthy eating index (fchei) as a measure of overall diet quality, and measured body fat percentage (bf%) and lean body mass by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.The intervention effects on insulin, glucose and homa-ir were analysed using the intention-to-treat principle and linear mixed-effects models after adjustment for sex, age at baseline, and pubertal status at baseline and 2 year follow-up.The measures of physical activity, sedentary time, diet and body composition at baseline and 2 year follow-up were entered one-by-one as covariates into the models to study whether changes in these variables might partly explain the observed intervention effects.Results compared with the control group, fasting insulin increased 4.65 pmol/l less (absolute change +8.96 vs +13.61 pmol/l) and homa-ir increased 0.18 units less (+0.31 vs +0.49 units) over 2 years in the combined physical activity and dietary intervention group.The intervention effects on fasting insulin (regression coefficient β for intervention effect -0.33 [95% ci -0.62, -0.04], p = 0.026) and homa-ir (β for intervention effect -0.084 [95% ci -0.156, -0.012], p = 0.023) were statistically significant after adjustment for sex, age at baseline, and pubertal status at baseline and 2 year follow-up.The intervention had no effect on fasting glucose, bf% or lean body mass.Changes in total physical activity energy expenditure, light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, total sedentary time, the reported consumption of high-fat (≥60%) vegetable oil-based spreads, and fchei, but not a change in bf% or lean body mass, partly explained the intervention effects on fasting insulin and homa-ir.Conclusions/interpretation the combined physical activity and dietary intervention attenuated the increase in insulin resistance over 2 years in a general population of predominantly normal-weight children.This beneficial effect was partly mediated by changes in physical activity, sedentary time and diet but not changes in body composition.Trial registration clinical trials.gov nct01803776 graphical abstract.

Journal: Diabetologia (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Public Reporting of Adverse Events From Long-Term Care Facilities for Older Persons and People With Disability in Ireland 2013-2019: Development of an Openly Accessible Database and Descriptive Analyses.

S to describe the development of an analyzable database of statutory notifications received from long-term care facilities (ltcfs) and to describe trends in receipt of notifications from 2013 to 2019.Design description of database development with descriptive and trend analyses.Setting and participants ltcfs for older persons and for people with disability in ireland.Methods data on notifications received and on centers were extracted from a system internal to the health and social services regulator and combined into an analyzable database.Variables were screened for personal information, cleaned, transformed, or redacted and combined into a database suitable for open access publication.Descriptive analyses of the volume of notifications, trends over time and breakdown by service type, notification type, and risk-rating were conducted.Results the database of statutory notifications from social care in ireland was developed and an open access version published in february 2021.Protection of personal data was an important consideration in publishing the data publicly.Uses of the database include examination of national trends and identification of determinants of adverse events and areas for quality improvement.The number of notifications received increased over time.Quarterly notifications contributed to the largest proportion of notifications (older persons, 36.7%; disability, 39.1%).This was followed by serious injury notifications in ltcfs for older persons (33.3%) and abuse allegation notifications in ltcfs for people with disability (36.0%).Less than 1% of individual notifications were risk-rated red (highest severity level of impact on resident welfare).The types of notifications that were collectively risk-rated highest were staff misconduct, abuse allegations, and outbreaks of infectious disease.Conclusions and implications the methodology and findings can inform publications of notifications, planning and resourcing for receipt and submission of notifications, target areas for quality improvement initiatives, mandating of timelines for receipt of notifications, and the mandating of notifications in legislation.

Journal: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
When the going gets tough: the "why" of goal striving matters.

No prior research has examined how motivation for goal striving influences persistence in the face of increasing goal difficulty.This research examined the role of self-reported (study 1) and primed (study 2) autonomous and controlled motives in predicting objectively assessed persistence during the pursuit of an increasingly difficult goal.In study 1, 100 british athletes (64 males; m(age) = 19.89 years, sd(age) = 2.43) pursued a goal of increasing difficulty on a cycle ergometer.In study 2, 90 british athletes (43 males; m(age) = 19.63 years, sd(age) = 1.14) engaged in the same task, but their motivation was primed by asking them to observe a video of an actor describing her or his involvement in an unrelated study.In study 1, self-reported autonomous goal motives predicted goal persistence via challenge appraisals and task-based coping.In contrast, controlled goal motives predicted threat appraisals and disengagement coping, which, in turn, was a negative predictor of persistence.In study 2, primed autonomous (compared to controlled) goal motives predicted greater persistence, positive affect, and future interest for task engagement.The findings underscore the importance of autonomous motivation for behavioral investment in the face of increased goal difficulty.

Journal: Journal of personality (2014)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Non-offending caregiver support in cases of child sexual abuse: An examination of the impact of support on formal disclosures.

Childhood sexual abuse (csa) is a highly prevalent issue, impacting a substantial number of children globally (12 %; stoltenborgh et al., 2011).Past research has found many children who have been sexually abused will delay their disclosure until adulthood, if they disclose at all (mc elvaney, 2015; reitsema & grietens, 2016).This is often likely because of the adverse impact that reporting abuse can have for the child and their families (especially when committed by an intrafamilial perpetrator).Non-offending caregiver support has evidenced promise in increasing rates of disclosure (cyr et al., 2014).Objective it was hypothesized that higher levels of caregiver support would result in shorter delays of disclosure and that less support is given when the abuser is closely related to the child.Participants and setting csa cases (n = 164) were pulled from the rcmp database of reported crimes for the greater okanagan area, british columbia, canada.Methods cases were coded for non-offending caregiver behaviors that indicated support and for relation to perpetrator.Results higher levels of non-offending caregiver support were found to lead to shorter delays of disclosure.Non-offending caregivers were significantly less supportive when the abuser was more closely related.Conclusions caregiver support acted as a protective factor against delays of disclosure.However, this support decreased significantly when the abuser was closely related.The current study provides evidence for the need to support caregivers of children who have been abused with educational programs and resources so they can properly support the child impacted.

Journal: Child abuse & neglect (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Natural History of  Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease in North America: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

The incidence of very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (veoibd) is increasing, yet the phenotype and natural history of veoibd are not well described.Methods we performed a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with veoibd (6 years of age and younger) between 2008 and 2013 at 25 north american centers.Eligible patients at each center were randomly selected for chart review.We abstracted data at diagnosis and at 1, 3, and 5 years after diagnosis.We compared the clinical features and outcomes with veoibd diagnosed younger than 3 years of age with children diagnosed with veoibd at age 3 to 6 years.Results the study population included 269 children (105 [39%] crohn's disease, 106 [39%] ulcerative colitis, and 58 [22%] ibd unclassified).The median age of diagnosis was 4.2 years (interquartile range 2.9-5.2).Most (94%) crohn's disease patients had inflammatory disease behavior (b1).Isolated colitis (l2) was the most common disease location (70% of children diagnosed younger than 3 years vs 43% of children diagnosed 3 years and older; p = 0.10).By the end of follow-up, stricturing/penetrating occurred in 7 (6.6%) children.The risk of any bowel surgery in crohn's disease was 3% by 1 year, 12% by 3 years, and 15% by 5 years and did not differ by age at diagnosis.Most ulcerative colitis patients had pancolitis (57% of children diagnosed younger than 3 years vs 45% of children diagnosed 3 years and older; p = 0.18).The risk of colectomy in ulcerative colitis/ibd unclassified was 0% by 1 year, 3% by 3 years, and 14% by 5 years and did not differ by age of diagnosis.Conclusions very early onset inflammatory bowel disease has a distinct phenotype with predominantly colonic involvement and infrequent stricturing/penetrating disease.The cumulative risk of bowel surgery in children with veoibd was approximately 14%-15% by 5 years.These data can be used to provide anticipatory guidance in this emerging patient population.

Journal: Inflammatory bowel diseases (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't