syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Ethylene-nitrogen synergism induces tolerance to copper stress by modulating antioxidant system and nitrogen metabolism and improves photosynthetic capacity in mustard.

This study aimed to test the efficiency of ethylene (eth; 200 μl l-1ethephon) in presence or absence of nitrogen (n; 80 mg n kg-1soil) in protecting photosynthetic apparatus from copper (cu; 100 mg cu kg-1soil) stress in mustard (brassica juncea l.) and to elucidate the physio-biochemical modulation for eth plus n-induced cu tolerance.Elevated cu-accrued reductions in photosynthesis and growth were accompanied by significantly higher cu accumulation in leaves and oxidative stress with reduced assimilation of n and sulfur (s).Ethylene in coordination with n considerably reduced cu accumulation, lowered lipid peroxidation, lignin accumulation, and contents of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide, h2o2, and superoxide anion, o2•-), and mitigated the negative effect of cu on n and s assimilation, accumulation of non-protein thiols and phytochelatins, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic antioxidants (activity of ascorbate peroxidase, apx, and glutathione reductase, gr; content of reduced glutathione, gsh, and ascorbate, as a), cell viability, photosynthesis, and growth.Overall, the effect of ethylene-nitrogen synergism was evident on prominently mitigating cu stress and protecting photosynthesis.The approach of supplementing ethylene with n may be used as a potential tool to restrain cu stress, and protect photosynthesis and growth of mustard plants.

Journal: Environmental science and pollution research international (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Alcohol use is associated with thinner cerebral cortex and larger ventricles in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and healthy controls.

Excessive alcohol use is associated with brain damage but less is known about brain effects from moderate alcohol use.Previous findings indicate that patients with severe mental illness, particularly schizophrenia, are vulnerable to alcohol-related brain damage.We investigated the association between levels of alcohol consumption and cortical and subcortical brain structures in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients and healthy controls, and investigated for group differences for this association.Method 1.5 t structural magnetic resonance images were acquired of 609 alcohol-using participants (165 schizophrenia patients, 172 bipolar disorder patients, 272 healthy controls), mean (s.d.) age 34.2 (9.9) years, 52% men.Past year alcohol use was assessed with the alcohol use disorder identification test - consumption part (audit-c).General linear models were used to investigate associations between audit-c score and cortical thickness, surface area, and total brain and subcortical volumes.Results increasing audit-c score was linearly associated with thinner cortex in medial and dorsolateral frontal and parieto-occipital regions, and with larger left lateral ventricle volume.There was no significant interaction between audit-c score and diagnostic group.The findings remained significant after controlling for substance use disorders, antipsychotic medication and illness severity.Conclusion the results show a dose-dependent relationship between alcohol use and thinner cortex and ventricular expansion.The findings are present also at lower levels of alcohol consumption and do not differ between schizophrenia or bipolar disorder patients compared to healthy controls.Our results do not support previous findings of increased vulnerability for alcohol-related brain damage in severe mental illness.

Journal: Psychological medicine (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Measurement and Mitigation of Intracochlear Pressure Transients During Cochlear Implant Electrode Insertion.

Hypothesis high intracochlear pressure transients associated with cochlear implant placement are reduced with smaller, non-styleted arrays, and longer insertion durations.Background with increasing focus on hearing preservation during cochlear implant surgery, atraumatic technique is of the utmost importance.Previous studies revealed that high intensity pressure transients can be generated during the insertion of implant electrodes.Resulting acoustic trauma may be one contributing factor to postoperative loss of residual hearing.Methods thirty ears in cadaveric specimens were surgically prepared with placement of intracochlear pressure sensors.Sequential implant insertions were made over 10, 30, or 60 seconds using seven randomly ordered electrode styles.Pressures were also measured during common post-insertion electrode manipulations and removal.Measurements were compared between electrode styles and characteristics using analysis of variance (anova) and pearson correlation.Results implant insertion and post-insertion manipulations produced high-intensity pressure transients with all electrodes tested, with some measurements exceeding 170 d b peak spl.Average peak pressures were significantly lower for straight, non-stylet electrodes (p << 0.001).The likelihood of generating transients was lowest with the slowest insertions (p << 0.001).Conclusions cochlear implant insertion can generate transients in intralabyrinthine pressure levels equivalent to high intensity, impulsive acoustic stimuli known to cause hearing loss.Although transients were observed in all conditions, exposure may be mitigated by using non-styleted electrodes and slow insertion speeds.Additional surgical manipulations can also produce similar high-pressure events.Results from this investigation suggest that use of non-styleted electrodes, slow but steady insertion speeds, and avoidance of post-insertional manipulations are important to reduce cochlear trauma.

Journal: Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Serum-Induced Expression of Brain Natriuretic Peptide Contributes to Its Increase in Patients with HFpEF.

Brain natriuretic peptide (bnp) levels are increased in both patients with heart failure with preserved (hfp ef) and reduced ejection fraction (hfr ef), but the reasons for this remain unclear.Our purpose was to examine whether serum-induced bnp (i bnp) expression partly contributes to increased bnp in patients with hfp ef.Bnp reporter cardiomyocytes from p bnp-luc-ki mice were stimulated with serum from patients with hfp ef or hfr ef (n = 114 and n = 82, respectively).Luciferase activity was examined as i bnp and the i bnp-to-bnp ratio was evaluated.Patient characteristics and clinical parameters were compared, and multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of the i bnp-to-bnp ratio.Female sex and frequencies of atrial fibrillation, hypertension and the use of a calcium channel blocker (ccb) were higher in hfp ef.The i bnp-to-bnp ratio was significantly higher in hfp ef (26.9) than in hfr ef (16.1, p < 0.001).Multivariate regression analysis identified the existence of hfp ef as an independent predictor of the i bnp-to-bnp ratio after adjusting for all other measurements (β = 0.154, p = 0.032).Age, hemoglobin, ccb usage and deceleration time were also independent predictors (β = 0.167, p = 0.025; β = 0.203, p = 0.006; β = 0.138, p = 0.049; and β = 0.143, p = 0.049, respectively).These results indicate that the elevated bnp in patients with hfp ef is partly due to i bnp from the heart.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A NanoLuc Luciferase Reporter Pseudorabies Virus for Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection.

Pseudorabies (pr), also known as aujeszky's disease, is an acute infectious disease of pigs, resulting in significant economic losses to the pig industry in many countries.Since 2011, pr outbreaks have occurred in many bartha-k61-vaccinated pig farms in china.The emerging pseudorabies virus (prv) variants possess higher pathogenicity in pigs and mice than the strains isolated before.Here, a recombinant prv (r prvtj-nluc) stably expressing the nano luc (nluc) luciferase fusion with the red fluorescent protein (ds red) was constructed to trace viral replication and spread in mice.Moreover, both ds red and nluc luciferases were stably expressed in the infected cells, and there was no significant difference between wild-type and recombinant viruses in both growth kinetics and pathogenicity.Seven-week-old balb/c mice were infected with 10350% tissue culture infective dose r prvtj-nluc and subjected to daily imaging.The mice infected with r prvtj-nluc displayed robust bioluminescence that started 4 days postinfection (dpi), bioluminescence signal increased over time, peaked at 5 dpi, remained detectable for at least 6 dpi, and disappeared at 7 dpi, meanwhile, the increased flux accompanied by the spread of the virus from the injection site to the superior respiratory tract.However, the signal was also observed in the spinal cord, trigeminal ganglion, and partial region of the brain from separated tissues, not in living mice.Our results depicted a new approach to rapidly access the replication and pathogenicity of emerging prvs in mice.

Journal: Frontiers in veterinary science (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Novel transthyretin gene mutation in familial amyloid neuropathy in India: Case.

Familial amyloid polyneuropathy (pn), also known as amyloid transthyretin (ttr)-pn is an autosomal dominant adult-onset fatal disease, if not treated.It occurs due to mutations in (ttr) gene which leads to a faulty ttr protein which folds up to form amyloid and gets deposited mainly on nerves and causes length-dependent pn and autonomic dysfunction.We report a case of a 45-year-old female who presented with symptoms of painful peripheral neuropathy for 5 months, a history of deafness for 5 years, and cardiac pacemaker implantation 2 years ago for complete heart block.She denied any symptoms of autonomic dysfunction.Her brother with similar symptoms died of cardiac arrest at the age of 50 years.Clinical examination was suggestive of symmetrical sensorimotor pn.The nerve conduction study was suggestive of axonal sensorimotor pn.Abdominal fat biopsy was negative for amyloid.Sural nerve biopsy was suggestive of amyloid neuropathy.Genetic analysis showed c.165g > t mutation encoding amino acid p.Lys55asn on exon-4 of ttr gene.This mutation has not been reported from india.

Journal: Annals of African medicine (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
One-Pot Reducing Agent-Free Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles/Nitrocellulose Composite Surface Coating with Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities.

Nitrocellulose with silver nanoparticle (ag np/nc) composite was preparedin situusing ag(ch3co2) and nitrocellulose without any reducing agent.The composite materials synthesized were spray coated onto glass substrates to obtain thin films.The ag nps/nc composites were characterized by ultraviolet-visible, fourier transform infrared, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.The antimicrobial activity of ag nps/nc composite was investigated by tube method and time-kill kinetic studies against three microbial species, including pseudomonas aeruginosa(atcc 27853),staphylococcus aureus(atcc 25923), and candida albicans(atcc 10231).The antibiofilm activities were qualitatively determined against all three organisms.Prepared ag nps/nc films exhibited good antimicrobial activity and significant inhibition of biofilm development against all three microbial species.The effective dispersion of ag nps/nc in biofilm was responsible for the significant antibiofilm activity of the prepared material.The reported ag nps/nc composite can be used as coating additive in bacteriocidal paint which can be applied onto surfaces such as in healthcare environments.

Journal: BioMed research international (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Self-reported cognitive biases in psychosis: Validation of the Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale (DACOBS) in a Spanish sample of psychotic patients and healthy controls.

Cognitive biases have been demonstrated to be important in developing and maintaining psychosis.However, self-report measures for everyday clinical practice have been developed only recently.We aimed to study one of these instruments for assessing cognitive biases: the davos assessment of cognitive biases scale (dacobs).In a spanish sample of 84 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and 152 healthy controls, we examined a) the factor structure using confirmatory factor analysis (cfa) to test the original one-, three- and seven-factor solutions, b) the reliability (cronbach's alpha), c) the discriminative power (multivariate analysis of covariance - mancova) and d) the relationships of cognitive biases with positive psychotic-like experiences (pples) in healthy individuals and with psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia-spectrum patients.The cfa revealed that the seven-factor solution achieved the best fit.The dacobs overall scale (cronbach's alpha = .92) and subscales obtained good internal consistencies.Mancova, controlling for age and education, demonstrated that all subscales differentiated between healthy controls and psychotic patients (wilks' lambda = 0.87; f7, 226= 4.70; p < .000; partial eta squared = 0.13).In addition, the dacobs showed high correlations with pples (controls) and moderate correlations with positive and general symptoms (patients), demonstrating its predictive validity.Concluding, the dacobs proved to be a psychometrically suitable instrument for assessing cognitive biases in psychosis and adequately differentiated between patients and healthy individuals within the spanish population.Norm scores are provided.

Journal: Journal of psychiatric research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Long COVID and rheumatology: Clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications.

As of this writing, it is estimated that there have been nearly 600 million cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) around the world with over six million deaths.While shocking, these figures do not fully illustrate the morbidity associated with this disease.It is also estimated that between 10% and 30% of those who survive covid-19 develop persistent symptoms after the acute infection has passed.These individuals, who most often experienced initial infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-co v-2) considered mild to moderate in severity, often display a broad array of symptoms.Collectively, this disorder or syndrome is now referred to as long covid (among other designations), and it represents a national/international health crisis.The most frequently reported symptoms associated with long covid include chronic fatigue with post exertional features, neurocognitive dysfunction, breathlessness, and somatic pain.Long covid can range in severity from mild to severely debilitating, with resultant loss of quality of life and productivity.For now, there are many unanswered questions surrounding long covid: how can it be best defined, what is needed for accurate diagnosis, what is causing it, and how should it be best managed.How rheumatologists will engage in the long covid pandemic is another question; at the minimum, we will be called upon to evaluate and manage our own patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases who have developed it.This review focuses on addressing the disease essentials, providing both declarative and procedural knowledge to prepare rheumatologists for how to address long covid: understanding its origins, its current case definitions, epidemiology, pathobiology and clinical manifestations.Finally, it will provide an outline on how to clinically approach patients with possible long covid and initiate treatment and/or guide them on how to best manage it.

Journal: Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Microbial Butyrate Synthesis Indicates Therapeutic Efficacy of Azathioprine in IBD Patients.

And aims the microbial ecosystem seems to be an important player for therapeutic intervenption in inflammatory bowel disease [ibd].We assessed longitudinal microbiome changes in ibd patients undergoing therapy with either azathioprine [aza] or anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-tnf] antibodies.We predicted the metabolic microbial community exchange and linked it to clinical outcome.Methods faecal and blood samples were collected from 65 ibd patients at baseline and after 12 and 30 weeks on therapy.Clinical remission was defined as crohn's disease activity index [cdai] < 150 in crohn ́s disease [cd], partial mayo score <2 in ulcerative colitis [uc], and faecal calprotectin values <150 μg/g and c-reactive protein <5 mg/dl.16s r rna amplicon sequencing was performed.To predict microbial community metabolic processes, we constructed multispecies genome-scale metabolic network models.Results paired bray-curtis distance between baseline and follow-up time points was significantly different for uc patients treated with anti-tnf antibodies.Longitudinal changes in taxa composition at phylum level showed a significant decrease of proteobacteria and an increase of bacteroidetes in cd patients responding to both therapies.At family level, lactobacilli were associated with persistent disease and bacteroides abundance with remission in cd.In-silico simulations of microbial metabolite exchange predicted a 1.7-fold higher butyrate production capacity of patients in remission compared with patients without remission [p = 0.041].In this model, the difference in butyrate production between patients in remission and patients without remission was most pronounced in the cd group treated with aza [p = 0.008].Conclusions in-silico simulation identifies microbial butyrate synthesis predictive of therapeutic efficacy in ibd.

Journal: Journal of Crohn's & colitis (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Latin American Expert Consensus for Comprehensive Management of Type 2 Diabetes from a Metabolic-Cardio-Renal Perspective for the Primary Care Physician.

Growing scientific evidence from studies on type 2 diabetes (t2d) has recently led to a better understanding of the associated metabolic-cardio-renal risks.The large amount of available information makes it essential to have a practical guide that summarizes the recommendations for the initial management of patients with t2d, integrating different aspects of endocrinology, cardiology, and nephrology.The expert consensus presented here does not attempt to summarize all the evidence in this regard but rather attempts to define practical summary recommendations for the primary care physician to improve the clinical prognosis and management of patients with t2d, while ensuring economic sustainability of health systems, beyond glycemic control.

Journal: Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Lipid-based carriers for the delivery of local anesthetics.

Introduction there is a clinical need for pharmaceutical dosage forms devised to prolong the acting time of local anesthetic (la) agents or to reduce their toxicity.Encapsulation of la in drug delivery systems (ddss) can provide long-term anesthesia for inpatients (e.g.In immediate postsurgical pain control, avoiding the side effects from systemic analgesia) and diminished systemic toxicity for outpatients (in ambulatory/dentistry procedures).The lipid-based formulations described here, such as liposomes, microemulsions, and lipid nanoparticles, have provided several nanotechnological advances and therapeutic alternatives despite some inherent limitations associated with the fabrication processes, costs, and preclinical evaluation models.Areas covered a description of the currently promising lipid-based carriers, including liposomes, microemulsions, and nanostructured lipid carriers, followed by a systematic review of the existing lipid-based formulations proposed for la.Trends in the research of these la-in-dds are then exposed, from the point of view of administration route and alternatives for non-traditionally administered la molecules.Expert opinion considering the current state and potential future developments in the field, we discuss the reasons for why dozens of formulations published every year fail to reach clinical trials; only one lipid-based formulation for the delivery of local anesthetic (exparel®) has been approved so far.

Journal: Expert opinion on drug delivery (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
Prebiotic synthesis of noncanonical nucleobases under plausible alkaline hydrothermal conditions.

Herein, the potential of alkaline hydrothermal environments for the synthesis of possible ancestral pre-rna nucleobases using cyanide as a primary source of carbon and nitrogen is described.Water cyanide polymerizations were assisted by microwave radiation to obtain high temperature and a relatively high pressure (mwr, 180 °c, 15 bar) and were also carried out using a conventional thermal system (cts, 80 °c, 1 bar) to simulate subaerial and aerial hydrothermal conditions, respectively, on the early earth.For these syntheses, the initial concentration of cyanide and the diffusion effects were studied.In addition, it is well known that hydrolysis conditions are directly related to the amount and diversity of organic molecules released from cyanide polymers.Thus, as a first step, we studied the effect of several hydrolysis procedures, generally used in prebiotic chemistry, on some of the potential pre-rna nucleobases of interest, together with some of their isomers and/or deamination products, also presumably formed in these complex reactions.The results show that the alkaline hydrothermal scenarios with a relatively constant p h are good geological scenarios for the generation of noncanonical nucleobases using cyanide as a prebiotic precursor.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Structural Modifications and Solution Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid Degraded with High pH and Temperature.

Hyaluronic acid (ha) is a macromolecule with valuable benefits over its range of molar masses (mm).Degradation studies are relevant to maintain the same purity level in biomedical studies when using ha of different mm.We degraded ha via high p h and temperature and evaluated its mm, solution behavior, and structure over time.After 24 h, low mm ha was predominant, and the mm decreased from 753 to 36.2 k da.Dynamic light scattering (dls) showed a decrease in the number of ha populations, and the solution tended to be less polydispersed.The zeta potential varied from - 10 to - 30 m v, close to the stable range.Ftir showed that the primary structure of ha was affected after only 48 h of reaction.These results are relevant for the production of low mm ha to be used or mixed with high mm ha, generating structured biomaterials for biomedical applications.

Journal: Applied biochemistry and biotechnology (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article