syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Malignant Melanoma-Derived Exosomes Induce Endothelial Damage and Glial Activation on a Human BBB Chip Model.

Malignant melanoma is a type of highly aggressive tumor, which has a strong ability to metastasize to brain, and 60-70% of patients die from the spread of the tumor into the central nervous system.Exosomes are a type of nano-sized vesicle secreted by most living cells, and accumulated studies have reported that they play crucial roles in brain tumor metastasis, such as breast cancer and lung cancer.However, it is unclear whether exosomes also participate in the brain metastasis of malignant melanoma.Here, we established a human blood-brain barrier (bbb) model by co-culturing human brain microvascular endothelial cells, astrocytes and microglial cells under a biomimetic condition, and used this model to explore the potential roles of exosomes derived from malignant melanoma in modulating bbb integrity.Our findings showed that malignant melanoma-derived exosomes disrupted bbb integrity and induced glial activation on the bbb chip.Transcriptome analyses revealed dys-regulation of autophagy and immune responses following tumor exosome treatment.These studies indicated malignant melanoma cells might modulate bbb integrity via exosomes, and verified the feasibility of a bbb chip as an ideal platform for studies of brain metastasis of tumors in vitro.

Journal: Biosensors (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The predictive value of atherogenic index of plasma in the prediction of cardiovascular events; a fifteen-year cohort study.

Cardiovascular events (cve) are the most prominent cause of death worldwide.Therefore, achieving a precise affordable index for the prediction of healthy cases at increased risk of cve in early stages and subsequently lessening the rate of cve mortality is a critical goal of healthcare systems.We aimed to assess the value of atherogenic index of plasma (aip) in the prediction of cve and mortality through a 15-year cohort study.Materials/methods this study was conducted on 6323 over 35-year-old healthy adults from 2001 to 2016.The baseline aip was measured based on the formula of tg to hdl logarithm and divided into three subgroups of low, intermediate, and high risk of cvd, as <0.11, 0.11-0.21, and ≥0.21, respectively.Eventually, the association of aip with sociodemographic, lifestyle, traditional cve-related factors and cve-induced mortality was evaluated.Results the multiple cox regression study of aip values for the prediction of cve incidence revealed a significant association (or: 1.57, 95%ci: 1.33-1.85); similar remarkable associations were achieved by controlling age and sex (or: 1.55, 95%ci: 1.31-1.83), sociodemographic factors (or: 1.51, 95%ci: 1.29-1.79), sociodemographic plus lifestyle factors (or: 1.54, 95%ci: 1.30-1.81) and sociodemographic, lifestyle and the traditional cve-related factors (or: 1.28, 95%ci: 1.07-1.54).The kaplan-meier survival study showed a significant association between aip levels and cve-related mortality (p <0.001).Conclusion in conclusion, aip is an independent stand-alone factor for the prediction of developing cve and its-related mortality.

Journal: Advances in medical sciences (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Construction of a Prediction Model for the Mortality of Elderly Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy.

To construct a prediction model for all-cause mortality in elderly diabetic nephropathy (dn) patients, in this cohort study, the data of 511 dn patients aged ≥65 years were collected and the participants were divided into the training set (n= 358) and the testing set (n= 153).The median survival time of all participants was 2 years.The data in the training set were grouped into the survival group (n= 203) or the death group (n= 155).Variables with p≤ 0.1 between the two groups were selected as preliminary predictors and involved into the multivariable logistic regression model and the covariables were gradually adjusted.The receiver operator characteristic (roc), kolmogorov-smirnov (ks), and calibration curves were plotted for evaluating the predictive performance of the model.Internal validation of the performance of the model was verified in the testing set.The predictive values of the model were also conducted in terms of people with different genders and ages or accompanied with chronic kidney disease (ckd) or cardiovascular diseases (cvd), respectively.In total, 216 (42.27%) elderly dn patients were dead within 2 years.The prediction model for the 2-year mortality of elderly patients with dn was established based on length of stay (los), temperature, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation (sp o2), serum creatinine (scr), red cell distribution width (rdw), the simplified acute physiology score-ii (saps-ii), hyperlipidemia, and the chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation for estimated glomerular filtration rate (e gfr-ckd-epi).The auc of the model was 0.78 (95% ci: 0.73-0.83) in the training set and 0.72 (95% ci: 0.63-0.80) in the testing set.The auc of the model was 0.78 (95% ci: 0.65-0.91) in females and 0.78 (95%ci: 0.68-0.88) in patients ≤75 years.The auc of the model was 0.74 (95% ci: 0.64-0.84) in patients accompanied with ckd.The model had good predictive value for the mortality of elderly patients with dn within 2 years.In addition, the model showed good predictive values for female dn patients, dn patients ≤75 years, and dn patients accompanied with ckd.

Journal: Journal of healthcare engineering (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Organically tuned white-light emission from two zero-dimensional Cd-based hybrids.

In this work, we report two zero-dimensional cd-based hybrid compounds, denoted cd acp and cd oda, where the cd atoms adopt tetrahedral geometry.The optical analysis reveals that these materials are classified as wide-gap semi-conductors which makes them suitable for optoelectronic applications.The photoluminescence analysis proves the wavelength dependent white-light emission behavior of the investigated materials.The structural-optical property studies show that, thanks to the heavy halide effect, the cd acp exhibits both fluorescence and room temperature phosphorescence through harvesting triplet states.Meanwhile, in contrast to cd acp, the white light emission from cd oda is purely fluorescence in nature.In fact, within cd oda, both c-h⋯π and n-h⋯n interactions facilitate the intramolecular proton transfer (esipt) between the different cations which leads to ultra-fast fluorescence through excited state esipt.Under sub-gap excitations, the inorganic sub-lattice is responsible for the blue-green emission through the ste mechanism, while the organic cations contribute by an intense red emission.

Journal: RSC advances (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Is There a Role for Levo-Thyroxine for the Treatment of Arterial Erectile Dysfunction? The Clinical Relevance of the Mean Platelet Volume.

Arterial erectile dysfunction (ed) is an early sign of vascular damage.Rare evidence has been published so far as to whether subclinical hypothyroidism (sch) affects arterial erectile function.Therefore, the objective of this study was to fill this gap.Methods patients with arterial ed and sch were consecutive enrolled and randomly divided into group a (n= 20) and group b (n= 20).Group a was treated with levo-thyroxine (lt4) at the dose of 1 μg/kg/day for six months, whereas patients of the group b did not receive any treatment.Thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh), free-thyroxine (ft4), peak systolic velocity (psv), international index of erectile function 5-item version (iief-5) score, mean platelet volume (mpv), and total cholesterol were evaluated at enrollment (t0) and after six months (t1).Patients without hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, not on drugs, and with normal total testosterone (tt) values were included in this study.Results group a and b did not differ for age (61.2 ± 4.8 vs.60.3 ± 5.6 years), body-mass index (28.7 ± 2.5 vs.28.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2), and serum tt levels (481.2 ± 54.0 vs.492.1 ± 59.7 ng/d l).At t0, serum tsh levels (6.5 ± 1.2 vs.6.0 ± 1.0 μiu/m l), ft4 (8.8 ± 0.6 vs.8.8 ± 0.6 pmol/l), psv (26.5 ± 1.4 vs.25.8 ± 2.1 cm/s), iief-5 score (8.2 ± 1.7 vs.9.0±1.7), and total cholesterol (167.8 ± 21.7 vs.171.6 ± 21.3 mg/d l) did not significantly differ in patients of group a vs.Those of group b.Mpv was significantly higher in group a than in group b (12.3 ± 0.3 vs.11.8±0.7 f l).At t1, group a showed significantly lower tsh (2.26 ± 0.5 μiu/m l), mpv (9.5 ± 0.3 f l), and total cholesterol (137.8 ± 29.2 mg/d l) and significantly higher ft4 (9.3 ± 0.4 pmol/l), psv (40.0 ± 2.6 cm/s), and iief-5 score (20.2 ± 3.6) compared to pre-treatment values.None of these endpoints showed significant change at t1 compared to t0 in patients of group b.Conclusions lt4 therapy is associated with an improvement of the erectile function at the vascular level, a decrease in mpv and total cholesterol.Lt4 therapy should be considered in patients with arterial ed and sch.

Journal: Journal of clinical medicine (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Computed Tomography Angiography Quantification of Intracranial and Extracranial Vascular Narrowing in Ischemic Stroke: Differences Between Patients With and Without Illicit Drug Use.

Previous studies have linked illicit drug consumption and stroke.The purpose of this study is to identify specific imaging findings depicted on computed tomography angiography on patients with illicit drug-associated stroke.Methods this is a retrospective case-control study that included ischemic stroke patients.Subjects who tested positive for cocaine or marijuana were considered as cases, while patients who tested negative were included as controls.Matching of the controls was carried out based on the presence of stroke risk factors.A previously validated scale was used to calculate narrowing scores through computed tomography angiography.Comparison between cases and matched controls was evaluated by paired t test for age and body mass index, and by wilcoxon signed rank test for intracranial, extracranial, and total scores.Results one hundred seventy-four patients were included in the study, 87 subjects for each group.Because of matching, baseline status differed only on body mass index, with a greater proportion of obese subjects among controls ( p < 0.016).Subgroup analysis demonstrated that it is more likely to find any intracranial abnormality among cocaine consumers when compared with controls ( p = 0.041).Conclusions by using computed tomography angiography, we found that stroke patients with history of cocaine consumption had a higher incidence of intracranial circulation narrowing compared with matched controls.

Journal: Journal of computer assisted tomography (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Reproducibility of Maximum Respiratory Pressure Assessment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Accurate assessment of maximum respiratory pressure is vital when tracking disease progression and devising treatment strategies.Previous studies indicate a learning effect when undertaking maximum respiratory pressure measurements.The extent of this learning effect and methodologies undertaken to mitigate this learning effect have not been investigated systematically.Research question what is the magnitude of improvements in maximum respiratory pressure in response to respiratory muscle warm-up protocols and repeated measures of maximum respiratory pressure in healthy individuals and clinical populations?Methods a comprehensive search of electronic databases was undertaken during august 2021 for studies examining the intrarater reliability of maximum inspiratory or expiratory pressure, or both, studies developing a protocol or an intervention to obtain maximum values, and studies analyzing the reliability of repeated maneuvers in a single testing session in healthy individuals and clinical populations.Included articles were analyzed critically using two appraisal tools.Standardized mean differences with 95% cis were calculated and corrected for the sample size as a measure of the magnitude of change in maximum respiratory pressure outcomes.Results of the 1,969 articles retrieved, 32 were included in the meta-analysis.Eighteen studies included healthy individuals and 14 studies included individuals with chronic medical conditions.The overall effect of inspiratory muscle warm-up protocols was higher (effects size [es], 0.40; 95% ci, 0.17-0.63) in comparison with single testing session studies (es, 0.20; 95% ci, 0.05-0.35) and studies performing repeated testing sessions of maximum respiratory pressure (es, 0.14; 95% ci, 0.07-022).Interpretation inspiratory muscles warm-up procedures induce higher increases in maximum inspiratory pressure in comparison with single and repeated testing sessions of maximum respiratory pressure in healthy individuals.Warm-up protocols are more effective to obtain the maximum performance of inspiratory muscles in one testing session in comparison with other methods.Trial registry prospero; no.: crd42022304591; url:

Journal: Chest (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Systematic Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Locking compression plate fixation versus intramedullary nailing of humeral shaft fractures: which one is better? A single-centre prospective randomized study.

To compare the radiological and clinical outcomes of interlocking nail (iln) and locking plate fixation (lcp) for humeral shaft fractures.Methods a total of 63 patients with displaced humeral shaft fractures between october 2014 and january 2017 were evaluated prospectively.They were divided randomly into two as lcp fixation (group 1) and interlocking nail (iln) (group 2).Functional outcomes were evaluated using the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (dash), american shoulder and elbow surgeons (ases), the university of california at los angeles (ucla) shoulder scores, and short form-36 (sf-36) questionnaires, and pain was assessed with visual analogue scale (vas).Results after fracture callus was radiologically observed, dash, ases, and ucla scores as well as sf-36 questionnaires and vas results were noted to have no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.109, p = 0.082, p = 0.146, p = 0.322, and p = 0.175, respectively).At the last follow-up (post-operative 24 months), the ucla score was significantly better in group 1 (p = 0.034), whereas vas result was significantly worse in group 2 (p = 0.017).Dash, ases scores, and sf-36 questionnaires had no difference (p = 0.193, p = 0.088, p = 0.289).Other parameters revealed no significant differences.Fracture consolidation was observed at a mean of four months in both groups (3 to 7 months in group 1 and 3 to 8 months in group 2) (p = 0.189).Four patients in group 1 and five patients in group 2 underwent surgery for nonunion (p = 0.725).Post-operative radial nerve palsy was seen in one patient in group 2.Two patients in group 1 with superficial infection were treated with antibiotics, and they recovered.Conclusions regarding our results, the lcp group had significantly better shoulder function than the iln group, whereas the iln group had significantly less pain, with similar complication rates.Therefore, both procedures are favourable surgical options for patients with humeral shaft fractures.

Journal: International orthopaedics (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Chemisorption-Induced Formation of Biphenylene Dimer on Ag(111).

We report an example that demonstrates the clear interdependence between surface-supported reactions and molecular-adsorption configurations.Two biphenyl-based molecules with two and four bromine substituents, i.e., 2,2'-dibromobiphenyl (dbbp) and 2,2',6,6'-tetrabromo-1,1'-biphenyl (tbbp), show completely different reaction pathways on a ag(111) surface, leading to the selective formation of dibenzo[e,l]pyrene and biphenylene dimer, respectively.By combining low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations, we unravel the underlying reaction mechanism.After debromination, a biradical biphenyl can be stabilized by surface ag adatoms, while a four-radical biphenyl undergoes spontaneous intramolecular annulation due to its extreme instability on ag(111).Such different chemisorption-induced precursor states between dbbp and tbbp consequently lead to different reaction pathways after further annealing.In addition, using bond-resolving scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we determine with atomic precision the bond-length alternation of the biphenylene dimer product, which contains 4-, 6-, and 8-membered rings.The 4-membered ring units turn out to be radialene structures.

Journal: Journal of the American Chemical Society (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Non-invasive left ventricular myocardial work indices in healthy adolescents at rest.

Global myocardial work (gmw) provides a metric of left ventricular (lv) function and energy consumption.Its non-invasive assessment by echocardiography correlates with invasive measures and normal values have been reported in healthy adults.We aimed to establish normal values in a healthy adolescent population.Fifty-two healthy adolescents (mean age = 14.5 ± 2.0 years, range 11-19 years, 62% male) with normal echocardiograms were included.Brachial cuff blood pressure was obtained immediately following apical imaging in the supine position.Post-processing of echocardiograms for speckle tracking strain measurement and derivation of global myocardial work indices from lv pressure-strain loops was performed.The mean global work index (gwi) was 1802.0 ± 264.4 mm hg% with mean global work efficiency of 95.5 ± 1.1%.The mean global constructive work (gcw) was 2054.5 ± 297.3 mm hg%, and the mean global wasted work 83.8 ± 28.1 mm hg%.On multivariable analysis, there were significant associations between both gwi and gcw with systolic blood pressure (β coefficient = 0.57, p < 0.001; β coefficient = 0.67, p < 0.001 respectively) and lv global longitudinal strain (gls) (β coefficient = - 0.56, p < 0.001; β coefficient = - 0.52, p < 0.001 respectively).There were no associations with any of the work indices with age, sex, body surface area, heart rate or lv ejection fraction.This study provides echocardiographic reference ranges for non-invasive indices of gmw in normal adolescents.

Journal: The international journal of cardiovascular imaging (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Both epicardial and peri-aortic adipose tissue blunt heart rate recovery beyond body fat mass.

Epicardial adipose tissue (eat) as a marker of metabolic disorders has been shown to be closely associated with a variety of unfavorable cardiovascular events and cardiac arrhythmias.Data on regional-specific visceral adiposity outside the heart and its modulation on autonomic dysfunction, particularly heart rate recovery after exercise, remain obscure.Methods we studied 156 consecutive subjects (mean age: 49.3 ± 8.0 years) who underwent annual health surveys and completed treadmill tests.Multi-detector computed tomography-based visceral adiposity, including eat and peri-aortic fat (paf) tissue, was quantified using dedicated software (aquarius 3d workstation, tera recon, san mateo, ca, usa).We further correlated eat and paf with blood pressure and heart rate (hr) recovery information from an exercise treadmill test.Metabolic abnormalities were scored by anthropometrics in combination with biochemical data.Results increased eat and paf were both associated with a smaller reduction in systolic blood pressure during the hyperventilation stage before exercise compared to supine status (β-coefficient (coef.): -0.19 and -0.23, respectively, bothp< 0.05).Both visceral adipose tissue mediated an inverted relationship with heart rate recovery at 3 (eat: β-coef.: -0.3; paf: β-coef.: -0.36) and 6 min (eat: β-coef.: -0.32; paf: β-coef.: -0.34) after peak exercise, even after adjusting for baseline clinical variables and body fat composition (allp< 0.05).Conclusion excessive visceral adiposity, whether proximal or distal to the heart, may modulate the autonomic response by lowering the rate of hr recovery from exercise after accounting for clinical metabolic index.Cardiac autonomic dysfunction may partly explain the increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality related to both visceral fats.

Journal: Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
MALDI-TOF MS Using a Custom-Made Database, Biomarker Assignment, or Mathematical Classifiers Does Not DifferentiateShigellaspp. andEscherichia coli.

Shigellaspp.And e.Coliare closely related and cannot be distinguished using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) with commercially available databases.Here, three alternative approaches using maldi-tof ms to identify and distinguish shigellaspp.,e.Coli, and its pathotype eiec were explored and evaluated using spectra of 456shigellaspp., 42e.Coli, and 61 eiec isolates.Identification with a custom-made database resulted in >94%shigellaidentified at the genus level and >91%s.Sonneiand s.Flexneriat the species level, but the distinction of s.Dysenteriae,s.Boydii, and e.Coliwas poor.With biomarker assignment, 98%s.Sonneiisolates were correctly identified, although specificity was low.Discriminating markers for s.Dysenteriae,s.Boydii, and e.Coliwere not assigned at all.Classification models using machine learning correctly identified shigellain 96% of isolates, but most e.Coliisolates were also assigned to shigella.None of the proposed alternative approaches were suitable for clinical diagnostics for identifying shigellaspp.,e.Coli, and eiec, reflecting their relatedness and taxonomical classification.We suggest the use of maldi-tof ms for the identification of the shigellaspp./e.Colicomplex, but other tests should be used for distinction.

Journal: Microorganisms (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
CaV1.2 channelopathic mutations evoke diverse pathophysiological mechanisms.

The first pathogenic mutation in ca v1.2 was identified in 2004 and was shown to cause a severe multisystem disorder known as timothy syndrome (ts).The mutation was localized to the distal s6 region of the channel, a region known to play a major role in channel activation.Ts patients suffer from life-threatening cardiac symptoms as well as significant neurodevelopmental deficits, including autism spectrum disorder (asd).Since this discovery, the number and variety of mutations identified in ca v1.2 have grown tremendously, and the distal s6 regions remain a frequent locus for many of these mutations.While the majority of patients harboring these mutations exhibit cardiac symptoms that can be well explained by known pathogenic mechanisms, the same cannot be said for the asd or neurodevelopmental phenotypes seen in some patients, indicating a gap in our understanding of the pathogenesis of ca v1.2 channelopathies.Here, we use whole-cell patch clamp, quantitative ca2+ imaging, and single channel recordings to expand the known mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ca v1.2 channelopathies.Specifically, we find that mutations within the s6 region can exert independent and separable effects on activation, voltage-dependent inactivation (vdi), and ca2+-dependent inactivation (cdi).Moreover, the mechanisms underlying the cdi effects of these mutations are varied and include altered channel opening and possible disruption of cdi transduction.Overall, these results provide a structure-function framework to conceptualize the role of s6 mutations in pathophysiology and offer insight into the biophysical defects associated with distinct clinical manifestations.

Journal: The Journal of general physiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article