syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Experimental assessment of convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients for various clothing ensembles.

The convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients of clothing are important parameters for human thermoregulation and comfort models.Many researchers have studied convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients of the naked human body.However, there is limited information on convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients for the clothed human body.Therefore, this study aims to confirm whether the convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients vary with different clothing ensembles in addition to clarifying how the difference in clothing heat transfer coefficients affects the prediction of thermal comfort index, such as the predicted mean vote (pmv) index.The convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients for eight sets of clothing ensembles were measured through a manikin experiment.The results demonstrated that (1) the largest difference between convective heat transfer coefficients for various clothing ensembles was 32%, and (2) pmv values differed between the clothing ensembles with the largest value being approximately 0.2, which corresponds nearly 1 °c change in the indoor temperature.Therefore, it is necessary to consider the actual clothing convective heat transfer coefficient for the precise prediction of thermal comfort.

Journal: International journal of biometeorology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Distribution of Adiponectin Receptors in the Brain of Adult Mouse: Effect of a Single Dose of the Adiponectin Receptor Agonist, AdipoRON, on Ischemic Stroke.

Adiponectin exhibits pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective ones.Although some studies have documented brain expression in different rodent models of its receptors, adipo r1 and adipo r2, their global distribution remains incomplete.Here, we demonstrated that both adipo r are widely distributed in the brains of adult mice.Furthermore, by double immunostaining studies, we showed that adipo r1 and adipo r2 are mainly expressed in neurons and blood vessels.Then, considering the wide distribution of both receptors and the neuroprotective effects of adiponectin, we tested the therapeutic effect of a single injection of the adiponectin receptor agonist, adipo ron (5 mg.kg-1), 24 h after stroke in a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion technique (mcao).Under our experimental conditions, we demonstrated that adipo ron did not modulate the infarct volume, cell death, neuroinflammatory parameters including microglia activation and oxidative stress.This study suggests that a protocol based on multiple injections of adipo ron at a higher dose after mcao could be considered to promote the therapeutic properties of adipo ron on the brain repair mechanism and recovery.

Journal: Brain sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
With rhyme and reason: Recognizing reasons for disliked practices increases tolerance.

Disapproval of others' beliefs and practices is an inevitable consequence of living with diversity, and the ability to tolerate, or put up with, these differences is crucial to maintain a functional society.Considering reasons to condone what one disapproves of is considered a key aspect of tolerance.Across three national samples (n = 1,708), the current research examines how recognizing arguments to support practices that one disapproves of increases tolerance.Studies 1-2 demonstrate that when participants generate arguments to support muslim minority practices (study 1) and orthodox protestant minority practices (study 2), they disapprove of, they show increased tolerance towards such practices in society.In study 3, the importance of considerations is experimentally extended by demonstrating that perceiving objectionable behaviour as more reasonable increases tolerance.Collectively, these studies demonstrate the importance of engaging in and perceiving reasonable considerations to enhance tolerance of dissenting beliefs or practices.

Journal: The British journal of social psychology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Update: the Miller Fisher variants of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Of review this article will update and review the miller fisher variants (mfv) of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) including the clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, and treatment.Recent findings although the diagnosis of gbs and mfv can be made on clinical grounds, cerebrospinal fluid (csf) analysis, nerve conduction studies, imaging (e.g.Ultrasound and mri), and serologic testing can help to confirm the diagnosis.Some patients may need immunotherapy with either intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) or plasma exchange, and recent studies suggest that complement inhibition combined with ivig could be of benefit, but further studies are needed to prove efficacy.Summary gbs is characterized by an acute, ascending polyneuropathy, ataxia, areflexia, and csf albuminocytologic dissociation.The mfv of gbs is associated with ophthalmoplegia.Clinicians should have high index of suspicion for mfv of gbs in patients with acute ophthalmoplegia in order to establish the diagnosis, perform appropriate evaluation, and start treatment.Sdc video link:.

Journal: Current opinion in ophthalmology (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma masquerading as liver abscess: A case report with typical imaging features.

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma (ues) is an uncommon paediatric hepatic tumour that clinically simulates a liver abscess when present with fever.This report describes a case of ues in a 12-year-old boy, who presented with abdominal pain, swelling and fever, all simulating a liver abscess.The possibility of ues was considered at imaging, based on the solid appearance on ultrasound and cystic appearance with serpiginous peripheral vessels on computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging.The diagnosis was confirmed at histopathology.

Journal: SA journal of radiology (2021)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
The role of gender in the decision to pursue a surgical career: A qualitative, interview-based study.

Previous literature has explored the underrepresentation of women in surgery.However, this research has often been quantitative or limited by considering only the perspectives and experiences of women at more advanced career stages.Here, we use a qualitative methodology and a sample of women and men across the career continuum to identify the role that gender plays in the decision to pursue a surgical career.Methods we audio-recorded and transcribed semi-structured interviews conducted with 12 women and 12 men ranging in their level of medical training from medical students to residents to staff surgeons.We used braun and clarke's six-step approach to thematic analysis to analyze the data, maintaining trustworthiness and credibility by employing strategies including reflexivity and participant input.Results our findings suggested that the characteristics of surgery and early exposure to the profession served as important factors in participants' decisions to pursue a surgical career.Although not explicitly mentioned by participants, each of these areas may implicitly be gendered.Gender-based factors explicitly mentioned by participants included the surgical lifestyle and experiences with gender discrimination, including sexual harassment.These factors were perceived as challenges that disproportionately affected women and needed to be overcome when pursuing a surgical career.Conclusions our findings suggest that gender is more likely to act as a barrier to a career in surgery than as a motivator, especially among women.This suggests a need for early experiences in the operating room and mentorship.Policy change promoting work-life integration and education to target gender discrimination is also recommended.

Journal: Canadian medical education journal (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Analysis of the regional difference in the number of multi-drug prescriptions and its predictors in Japan, 2015-2018.

Polypharmacy and multi-drug prescription are major public health problems in japan, but only a few studies have investigated the regional differences.By revealing regional differences in the multi-drug prescriptions, we can infer regions with high rates of multimorbidity or inappropriate prescribing.This study revealed regional differences in multi-drug prescriptions (the number of simultaneous prescriptions of seven or more internal medicines) and investigated the factors affecting the difference using the national database of health insurance claims and specific health checkups of japan data.Results the standardized claim ratio (scr) of the number of multi-drug prescriptions, which corrected the difference in sex and age distribution of prefectures, varied depending on prefectures.A panel data analysis investigating the association between the scr and explanatory variables (medical institutions, socioeconomic factors, and physical characteristics of people in prefectures) revealed that the number of public assistance recipients per 1,000 persons was positively and significantly associated with the scr (standardized partial regression coefficient = 0.244, p-value = 0.038).In conclusion, regional differences in the number of the multi-drug prescriptions were revealed in japan, suggesting that public assistance recipients tend to experience multi-drug prescriptions.

Journal: BMC research notes (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Parental Involvement in Adolescents' Learning and Academic Achievement: Cross-lagged Effect and Mediation of Academic Engagement.

Parental involvement in adolescents' learning has been linked to high academic achievement, yet few studies have examined its reverse relationship at the same time and the potential mechanisms that underly these associations.To address this research gap, this study investigated the reciprocal relationship between parental involvement and academic achievement as well as the mediating role of adolescents' academic engagement among chinese adolescents.In addition, the current study explored whether these relationships varied by gender.Using a longitudinal design, a total of 2381 secondary school students (48.8% girls, mage = 13.38 ± 0.59) participated in the study.The results found significant positive directional effects from academic achievement to parental involvement among total sample, but not vice versa.The cross-lagged effect from academic achievement to parental involvement only existed among adolescent girls.Bootstrap analyses in the total sample revealed that parental involvement was related to academic achievement through the indirect effects of adolescents' behavioral engagement.In terms of gender differences, behavioral engagement totally mediated the path from academic achievement to parental involvement for boys, while no significant mediation effect was found for girls.These results have provided empirical evidence of the evocative role of adolescents' academic characteristics on parenting behaviors and the double-edged effect of parental involvement on adolescents' academic performance, they also suggest that further research is needed to explore effective and appropriate ways for parents to get involved in adolescents' learning in order to promote their children's academic achievement.

Journal: Journal of youth and adolescence (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Postoperative Surgical Site Infections in the Department of General Surgery of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction surgical site infection is defined by the centres for disease control and prevention as a wound infection that occurs within 30 days of an operative procedure or within a year if an implant is left in place and the infection is thought to be secondary to surgery.It occupies 20% to 39% of all the infections acquired in hospitals.The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of postoperative surgical site infections in the department of general surgery of a tertiary care centre.Methods a descriptive cross-sectional study on a total of 384 post-operative patients of abdominal surgery was conducted in the department of general surgery of a tertiary care centre from august 1, 2020 to july 30, 2021 with ethical approval from the institutional review committee (reference number: 267).Convenience sampling was done.Post-operative patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study.Data were entered in microsoft excel and analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences version 21.0.Point estimate was done at a 95% confidence interval along with frequency and percentages for binary data and mean with standard deviation for continuous data.Results among 384 patients, the prevalence of surgical site infection was found to be 65 (16.92%) (13.15-20.65 at a 95% confidence interval).The patients had a mean age of 42.06±21.92 years.Conclusions the prevalence of surgical site infection was higher in our study in comparison to other similar studies conducted in similar settings.Keywords cross-sectional studies; prevalence; surgical wound infection.

Journal: JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Development and Implementation of the Military Treatment Facility Engagement Committee (MTFEC) to Support Pragmatic Clinical Trials in the Military Health System.

Introduction within the population of military service members and veterans, chronic pain is highly prevalent, often complex, and frequently related to traumatic experiences that are more likely to occur to members of this demographic, such as individuals with traumatic brain injury or limb loss.In september 2017, the national institutes of health (nih), department of defense (dod), and department of veterans affairs (va) pain management collaboratory (pmc) was formed as a significant and innovative inter-government agency partnership to support a multicomponent research initiative focusing on nonpharmacological approaches for pain management addressing the needs of service members, their dependents, and veterans.Methods a pain management collaboratory coordinating center (pmc3) was also established to facilitate collective learning across 11 individually funded pragmatic clinical trials (pcts) designed to optimize the impact of the pmc as an integrated whole.Although the dod and va health care systems are ideal sites for the enactment of pcts, executing these trials within the local context of dod military treatment facilities (mtfs) can present unique challenges.The military treatment facility engagement committee (mtfec) was created to support the efforts of the pmc3 in its role as a national resource for development and refinement of innovative tools, best practices, and other resources in the conduct of high impact pcts.Results the mtfec is composed of experts from each service who bring experiences in executing clinical pain management trials that can enhance the planning and execution of the pcts.It provides expertise and leadership in the execution of research studies at within mtfs and within the dod health care system, with guidance from pmc3 directors and in collaboration with nih, dod, and va program and scientific officers.Discussion/conclusion considering the importance of enacting large-scale, pragmatic studies to implement effective strategies in clinical practice for chronic pain management, the mtfec has begun to actualize its purpose by identifying potential barriers and challenges to study implementation and exploring how the pmc can support and aid in the execution of pcts by applying similar approaches to stakeholder and subject matter engagement for their research.

Journal: Military medicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Pragmatic Clinical Trial;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Fine needle aspiration cytology of cervical lymph nodes: Comparison of liquid based cytology (SurePath) and conventional preparation.

Fine needle aspiration cytology (fnac) is the first diagnostic step in patient with cervical lymphadenopathy because of its simplicity, safety and early availability of the results.Liquid-based cytology (lbc) is an alternative processing method which is used for both gynecological and nongynecological samples.Literature reviewed show few studies comparing lbc with conventional preparation (cp).Aim the present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of lbc and comparison of lbc and cp in cervical lymphadenopathy.Materials and methods in this prospective study, a total of 75 cases of fnac with cervical lymphadenopathy were included.The first pass was used for cp followed by lbc with the use of sure path (sp) technique.Both the smears were compared for cellularity, background containing blood, cell debris, lymphoglandular bodies, stromal fragments, cytoarchitectural pattern, etc., by semiquantitative scoring system.Results there was no statistical difference in the cellularity, cell architecture, and monolayer cells (p > .05).On the basis of background containing blood, cell debris, lympho-glandular bodies, stromal fragments (p < .001), nuclear, and cytoplasmic details (p < .05), lbc was found to be superior to cp.Conclusion lbc is a relatively simple technique and superior to cp in respect of better nuclear and cytoplasmic details with loss of background blood and debris.It has a diagnostic accuracy equivalent to that of cp.However, use of both lbc and cp can result in better diagnostic accuracy.

Journal: Diagnostic cytopathology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Exploring the fatty acid amide hydrolase and cyclooxygenase inhibitory properties of novel amide derivatives of ibuprofen.

Inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase (faah) reduces the gastrointestinal damage produced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents such as sulindac and indomethacin in experimental animals, suggesting that a dual-action faah-cyclooxygenase (cox) inhibitor could have useful therapeutic properties.Here, we have investigated 12 novel amide analogues of ibuprofen as potential dual-action faah/cox inhibitors.n-(3-bromopyridin-2-yl)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanamide (ibu-am68) was found to inhibit the hydrolysis of [3h]anandamide by rat brain homogenates by a reversible, mixed-type mechanism of inhibition with a kivalue of 0.26 μm and an α value of 4.9.At a concentration of 10 μm, the compound did not inhibit the cyclooxygenation of arachidonic acid by either ovine cox-1 or human recombinant cox-2.However, this concentration of ibu-am68 greatly reduced the ability of the cox-2 to catalyse the cyclooxygenation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol.It is concluded that ibu-am68 is a dual-acting faah/substrate-selective cox inhibitor.

Journal: Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Ultrasound-guided posterior quadratus lumborum block can reduce postoperative opioid consumption and promote rapid recovery in patients undergoing sutureless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: A triple-blind, randomized, controlled study.

We hypothesized that posterior quadratus lumborum block would reduce postoperative opioid consumption and improve the quality of recovery in patients undergoing sutureless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Materials and methods the study included 60 patients, ages 18-65 with american society of anesthesiologists scores of i-ii scheduled for elective sutureless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Before general anesthesia, 60 participating patients were randomly allocated to receive a 30-ml injection posterior to the quadratus lumborum muscle with either 0.375% ropivacaine (n= 30) or normal saline (n= 30).The primary outcomes included cumulative opioid consumption within 12 h postoperatively and quality of postoperative recovery at 48 h.Secondary outcomes included the numerical rating scale (nrs), opioid consumption by period, first time to press the analgesic pump, number of patients needing rescue analgesia, blood glucose and cortisol concentrations, early postoperative recovery indicators, and adverse events.Results there were 48 patients included in the final analysis.The intervention group had lower cumulative consumption of sufentanil within 12 h postoperatively and higher quality of postoperative recovery scores at 48 h postoperatively compared with the control group (p< 0.001).The nrs at resting and movement of the intervention group was lower at 0 h, 6 h, and 12 h after surgery than in the control group (p< 0.05).At prespecified intervals (0 to 2 h, 2 to 6 h, 6 to 12 h, 12 to 24 h, and 24 to 48 h) after surgery, the intervention group had lower consumption of sufentanil compared with the control group (p< 0.05).The intervention group took longer to press the analgesic pump for the first time within 48 h after surgery compared with the control group (p< 0.001).The postoperative blood glucose and cortisol concentrations in the intervention group were lower than in the control group (p< 0.05).The times to first excretion, ambulation, and discharge were shorter in the intervention group compared with the control group (p< 0.05).There was no significant difference in adverse events between the two groups.Conclusions our trial demonstrated that patients who received posterior quadratus lumborum block had significantly lower opioid consumption within 12 h postoperatively and had a better quality of recovery at 48 h postoperatively.Therefore, we recommend posterior quadratus lumborum block as an option for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing sutureless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Trial registration identifier chi ctr2100053439.

Journal: Frontiers in oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Characterization, isolation, and in vitro culture of leptomeningeal fibroblasts.

Meninges, or the membranous coverings of the brain and spinal cord, play host to dozens of morbid pathologies.In this study we provide a method to isolate the leptomeningeal cell layer, identify leptomeninges in histologic slides, and maintain leptomeningeal fibroblasts in in vitro culture.Using an array of transcriptomic, histological, and cytometric analyses, we identified icam1 and slc38a2 as two novel markers of leptomeningeal cells in vivo and in vitro.Our results confirm the fibroblastoid nature of leptomeningeal cells and their ability to form a sheet-like layer that covers the brain and spine parenchyma.These findings will enable researchers in central nervous system barriers to describe leptomeningeal cell functions in health and disease.

Journal: Journal of neuroimmunology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Insecticidal activity of copper (II) complexes with flavanone derivatives.

In this work, we describe the insecticidal activity against spodoptera frugiperdaof flavanone derivatives (naringin, naringenin and hesperidin) complexed to copper (ii).For the assays, the compounds were incorporated into an artificial diet and offered to s.Frugiperdaduring its larval period.The duration of larval and pupal phases, the weight of pupae and the percentage of dead insects at the end of the larval phase were evaluated.Among the tested compounds, the free flavanones1and3and the complexes4and6showed a shortening of the larval phase when compared to the control.Complex9showed the highest toxicity, with 96.66% larval mortality.This is the first report on the insecticidal activity of the cu2+complexes of the flavanones naringin, naringenin and hesperidin.[formula: see text].

Journal: Natural product research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article