syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Treacher Collins syndrome: A case report and review of literature.

Treacher collins syndrome (tcs) is one of the rare genetic syndromes which is specified by symmetrical craniofacial dysmorphism without growth abnormalities or neurological disorders.The inheritance is usually autosomal dominant but sometimes it is a sporadic mutation.Prenatal diagnosis could be realized by genetic testing of a chorionic villus sample or amniocentesis if one of the parents is affected.At birth, the most common features are downward-sloping palpebral clefts, small badly hemmed and folded ears, and mandibular hypoplasia which could lead to respiratory distress.All of these clinical features exist in our case.Goldenhar syndrome shares with tcs some facial features which are not symmetrical and it is also associated with vertebral abnormalities.Some patients with tcs are exposed to many complications and they require multi-disciplinary medical care.But all of them need psychiatric care to fight social rejection.The aim of our report is to describe the most common features of tcs and similar syndromes.Also, report the involved genetic mutations, some associated complications, and their management.

Journal: Clinical case reports (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Upper thoracic empyema and concomitant superior vena cava syndrome treated with reconstructive surgery using a pedicled omental flap.

Superior vena cava (svc) syndrome refers to a constellation of symptoms secondary to obstruction of blood flow through the svc.In this condition, venous blood that usually drains into the svc is diverted into the inferior vena cava (ivc) via collateral veins.Reconstructive surgery is challenging in such cases owing to the anomalous venous system.In this case report, we describe reconstructive surgery using a pedicled omental flap in a patient with upper thoracic empyema and concomitant svc syndrome.A 68-year-old man underwent resection of malignant thymoma, the bilateral brachiocephalic veins, and a part of the right upper lobe, followed by polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) graft placement for venous system reconstruction, 2 years prior to presentation.He developed postoperative upper thoracic cavity empyema, which necessitated ptfe graft removal.Although the infection was controlled after 2 months, multiple right upper lobe pulmonary fistulas persisted, and the patient was referred to our department for further evaluation.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed svc syndrome characterized by svc obstruction and consequent drainage of venous blood from the upper trunk into the ivc via collateral vessels.We debrided necrotic and infected tissues, and a pedicled omental flap was placed for upper lobe fistula coverage.The patient showed an uncomplicated postoperative course, and no recurrent empyema or pulmonary fistulas were observed 3 years postoperatively.Flaps associated with the svc system show high venous pressures.The use of a pedicled omental flap was deemed feasible because this graft reaches the upper thorax even though it is associated with the ivc system.

Journal: Nagoya journal of medical science (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Systematic Study on the Cytotoxic Potency of Commonly Used Dimeric Metal Precursors in Human Cancer Cell Lines.

The cytotoxicities of seven dimeric metal species of the general formula [m(arene)cl2]2, commonly used as precursors for complex synthesis and deemed biologically inactive, are investigated in seven commonly employed human cancer cell lines.Four of these complexes featured a ruthenium(ii) core, where p-cymene, toluene, benzene and indane were used as arenes.Furthermore, the osmium(ii) p-cymene dimer, as well as the cp* dimers of rhodium(iii) and its heavier analogue iridium(iii) were included in this work (cp*=1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienide).While the cytotoxic potencies of the ruthenium(ii) and osmium(ii) dimers are very low (or not even detectable at applicable concentrations), surprising activity, especially in cells from ovarian malignancies (with one or two-digit micromolar ic50values), have been found for the rhodium(iii) and iridium(iii) representatives.This publication is aimed at all researchers using synthetic procedures based on functionalization of these dimeric starting materials to rationalize changes in biological properties, especially cytotoxicity in cancer cells.

Journal: ChemistryOpen (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Preparation of quantum correlations assisted by a steering Maxwell demon.

A maxwell demon can reduce the entropy of a quantum system by performing measurements on its environment.The nonsignaling theorem prevents the demon from affecting the average state of the system.We study the preparations of quantum correlations from a system qubit and an auxiliary qubit, assisted by a demon who obtains information of the system qubit from measurements on its environment.The demon can affect the postmeasured states of system by choosing different measurements, which establishes the relationships between quantum steering and other correlations in the thermodynamic framework.We present the optimal protocols for creating mutual information, entanglement, and bell-nonlocality.These maximal correlations are found to relate exactly to the steerable boundary of the system-environment state with maximally mixed marginals.We also present upper bounds of the prepared correlations by utilizing classical environment-system correlation, which can be regarded as steering-type inequalities bounding the correlations created with the aid of classical demons.

Journal: Physical review. E (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Development and Consumer Perception of a Snack Machine Producing Customized Spoonable and Drinkable Products Enriched in Dietary Fiber and Protein.

The aim of the study was to evaluate consumer perceptions toward customized snacks produced with a healthy snack machine (hsm) prototype, at-site of the purchase and consumption.The present study had a multi-disciplinary approach including both snack product and hsm development (hardware and user interface).Snack development included both instrumental (viscosity, colloidal stability) and sensory characterization (by trained sensory (n= 10) and consumer (n= 55) panels) of spoonable and drinkable, oat- and dairy-based snack products, fortified with protein and/or dietary fiber.The protein and fiber addition reduced viscosity in spoonable products but did not affect the consistency of drinkable samples.Oat-based samples differed from dairy-based in multiple attributes in sensory profiling.In consumer sample testing, sample odor and taste were the most and least preferred aspects, respectively.In the snack machine testing, a qualitative consumer study (n= 33) showed that the hsm was easy to use, the user interface was clear, the ordering process was quick, and the participants were interested in using the hsm in the future.The snack choices (spoonable/drinkable and dairy/oat base) made by the consumers were distributed equally, but the berry-flavor was preferred over cocoa and vanilla.The most common hsm usage scenarios were "between work/school and hobbies" and "in transit from one place to another".

Journal: Foods (Basel, Switzerland) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Super-resolution fluorescence imaging of carbon nanotubes using a nonlinear excitonic process.

Highly efficient exciton-exciton annihilation process unique to one-dimensional systems is utilized for super-resolution imaging of air-suspended carbon nanotubes.Through the comparison of fluorescence signals in linear and sublinear regimes at different excitation powers, we extract the efficiency of the annihilation processes using conventional confocal microscopy.Spatial images of the annihilation rate of the excitons have resolution beyond the diffraction limit.We investigate excitation power dependence of the annihilation processes by experiment and monte carlo simulation, and the resolution improvement of the annihilation images can be quantitatively explained by the superlinearity of the annihilation process.We have also developed another method in which the cubic dependence of the annihilation rate on exciton density is utilized to achieve further sharpening of single nanotube images.

Journal: Optics express (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
A simple hydrothermal route for the preparation of novel Na-Y-W nano-oxides and their application in dye degradation.

The fabricated na y(wo4)2was identified through diverse analysis methods.Therefore, to optimize na y(wo4)2morphology, saccharide carbohydrates were manipulated as a capping agent.In this study, glucose, fructose, lactose, cellulose, and starch were utilized as the capping agents.Sem images show that fructose was the optimal capping agent for achieving uniform and well-shaped nanoparticles.The photodegradation of organic dyes such as m.o and rd.b by na y(wo4)2was evaluated under uv and vis light.The bandgap energy of the as-prepared sample was measured by the tauc plot, and was found to be nearly 3.85 e v.To study the photocatalytic characteristics, the influence of dye dosage and reusability on photodegradation behavior were investigated.

Journal: RSC advances (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A simple and rapid RP-HPLC method for the assessment of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in tilapia and snoek fishes.

This study developed a rapid reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc) method equipped with a uv-vis detector.The aquaponics system›s tilapia and marine snoek fishes were extracted using an autoclaving process and enzymatic treatment.The technique enabled the separation and quantification of cobalamin present in these fishes extracts.Phenomenex luna®5 μm c18 (2) 100 a lc-column (150 × 4.6 mm) was used as a stationary phase, while the mobile phase consisted of methanol and phosphoric acid in a ratio of 35:65 (v/v), respectively.The developed method was revealed to be rapid (a retention time of less than 5.0 min), linear (r2= 0.9988), sensitive (limits of detection and quantification showed to be 0.0004 and 0.0011 μg/m l, respectively), precise (percentage relative standard deviation of 0.14% to 0.76%), and accurate (percentage mean recovery of 87.44 ± 0.33% to 97.08 ± 0.74%).The quantified concentrations of this vitamin in extracts of tilapia and snoek fishes were found to be 08.95 ± 0.35 and 14.97 ± 0.04 μg/m l, respectively.Therefore, we suggested that the developed rp-hplc technique could be applicable for quality control evaluation in the food and pharmaceutical industries.Besides, the method could be vital for diagnostic analysis in clinical laboratories.

Journal: Turkish journal of chemistry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Hypothalamus-Muscle Parallel Induction of Metabolic Pathways Following Physical Exercise.

The modern lifestyle requires less physical activity and skills during our daily routine, leading to multiple pathologies related to physical disabilities and energy accessibility.Thus, exploring the mechanisms underlying the metabolic regulation of exercise is crucial.Here, we characterized the effect of forced and voluntary endurance exercises on three key metabolic signaling pathways, sirtuins, ampk, and m tor, across several metabolic tissues in mice: brain, muscles, and liver.Both voluntary and forced exercises induced ampk with higher intensity in the first.The comparison between those metabolic tissues revealed that the hypothalamus and the hippocampus, two brain parts, showed different metabolic signaling activities.Strikingly, despite the major differences in the physiology of muscles and hypothalamic tissues, the hypothalamus replicates the metabolic response of the muscle in response to physical exercise.Specifically, muscles and hypothalamic tissues showed an increase and a decrease in ampk and m tor signaling, respectively.Overall, this study reveals new insight into the relation between the hypothalamus and muscles, which enhances the coordination within the muscle-brain axis and potentially improves the systemic response to physical activity performance and delaying health inactivity disorders.

Journal: Frontiers in neuroscience (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Enhanced efficacy of a Cu2+complex of curcumin against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: Attributes of complex formation.

Curcumin is a tantalizing molecule with multifaceted therapeutic potentials.However, its therapeutic applications are severely hampered because of poor bioavailability, attributed to its instability and aqueous insolubility.In an attempt to overcome this inherent limitation and develop curcumin-based antibacterials, we had earlier synthesized and characterized a metal complex of cu(ii) with curcumin, having the formula [cu(curcumin)(ococh3)(h2o)], hereafter referred to as cu(cur).In this study, the complex, i.e., cu(cur), was investigated for its stability and antibacterial activity along with its possible mechanism of action in comparison to the parent molecule, curcumin.Complex formation resulted in improved stability as cu(cur) was found to be highly stable under different physiological conditions.Such improved stability was verified with the help of uv-vis spectroscopy and hplc.With improved stability, cu(cur) exhibited potent and significantly enhanced activity over curcumin against both e.Coli and s.Aureus.Calcein leakage assay revealed that the complex triggered immediate membrane permeabilization in s.Aureus.This membrane disruptive mode of action was further corroborated by microscopic visualization.The excellent potency of the complex was augmented by its safe toxicological profile as it was non-hemolytic and non-cytotoxic towards mammalian cells, making it a suitable candidate for in vivo investigations.Altogether, this investigation is a critical appraisal that advocates the antibacterial potential of this stable, membrane-targeting and non-toxic complex, thereby presenting new perspectives for its therapeutic application against bacterial infections.

Journal: Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Transcatheter therapy of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection with dual drainage and coarctation of the aorta in a single patient.

A 12-year-old boy was found to have aortic coarctation and a partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection.Historically, multiple cardiac pathologies, such as in the present case, required a surgical approach.We describe transcatheter treatment of the coarctation with a stent and occlusion of the partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection with an amplatzer vascular plug in a single patient without complications.

Journal: Journal of the Saudi Heart Association (2018)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Analysis of ancestry heterozygosity suggests that hybrid incompatibilities in threespine stickleback are environment dependent.

Hybrid incompatibilities occur when interactions between opposite ancestry alleles at different loci reduce the fitness of hybrids.Most work on incompatibilities has focused on those that are "intrinsic," meaning they affect viability and sterility in the laboratory.Theory predicts that ecological selection can also underlie hybrid incompatibilities, but tests of this hypothesis using sequence data are scarce.In this article, we compiled genetic data for f2 hybrid crosses between divergent populations of threespine stickleback fish (gasterosteus aculeatus l.) that were born and raised in either the field (seminatural experimental ponds) or the laboratory (aquaria).Because selection against incompatibilities results in elevated ancestry heterozygosity, we tested the prediction that ancestry heterozygosity will be higher in pond-raised fish compared to those raised in aquaria.We found that ancestry heterozygosity was elevated by approximately 3% in crosses raised in ponds compared to those raised in aquaria.Additional analyses support a phenotypic basis for incompatibility and suggest that environment-specific single-locus heterozygote advantage is not the cause of selection on ancestry heterozygosity.Our study provides evidence that, in stickleback, a coarse-albeit indirect-signal of environment-dependent hybrid incompatibility is reliably detectable and suggests that extrinsic incompatibilities can evolve before intrinsic incompatibilities.

Journal: PLoS biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Outcome of patient with myasthenia gravis with the use of immunotherapy in metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma.

We report on a 79-year-old man diagnosed with localized merkel cell carcinoma (mcc) who also had acetylcholine receptor antibody (ach-r-ab)-positive myasthenia gravis (mg) controlled on prednisolone, mycophenolate and intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig).His mcc was initially treated with radiation, followed by chemotherapy on metastatic recurrence.Chemotherapy initially stabilized the disease, but he experienced significant fatigue and his disease progressed within 3 months.After careful consideration of the risk of a myasthenic crisis, he was commenced on avelumab.He had initial partial response, though he ultimately developed progressive disease which led to a decision for best supportive care at 10 months post starting immunotherapy.Importantly, as per spirometry, his mg remained stable throughout immunotherapy.We present the current case to demonstrate that mg should not be viewed as an absolute contraindication to immunotherapy in scenarios where there are limited alternate therapeutic options.

Journal: Oxford medical case reports (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Evaluating the impact of varying expired carbon monoxide thresholds on smoking relapse identification: insights from the E3 trial on e-cigarette efficacy for smoking cessation.

S expired carbon monoxide (eco) is often used in smoking cessation trials to biochemically validate self-reported smoking status.The optimal eco threshold to distinguish individuals who smoke from those who do not is debated.Design the data from the 'evaluating the efficacy of e-cigarette use for smoking cessation (e3) trial' were used; the e3 trial was a randomised controlled trial that examined e-cigarettes efficacy for smoking cessation.Settings participants were recruited from 17 canadian sites across 4 provinces.Participants this substudy included data from participants who returned for at least one of the clinical visits at week 4 (291), 12 (257) or 24 (218) and provided both self-reported smoking status and eco measures.Analyses were based on 766 paired measures (ie, self-reported smoking status with corresponding eco).Results the ability of eco measurements to discriminate between adults who reported smoking and those who reported abstinence varied with the threshold used.Eco thresholds of 6, 7, 8 and 9 parts per million (ppm) yielded the greatest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.84).These thresholds produced sensitivities of 84%, 82%, 78% and 76% and specificities of 84%, 87%, 90% and 91%, respectively.However, at a threshold of 6 ppm, intersecting sensitivity (84%) and specificity (84%) were maximised with respect to each other.Biochemical validation had the highest agreement with self-report at an eco threshold of 6 ppm (κ=0.57; 95% ci, 0.51 to 0.64).Conclusion the classification of participants' smoking status depends on the eco threshold used for biochemical validation.We recommend that future smoking cessation trial investigators analyse and report the impact that varying eco thresholds has on trial results.Trial registration number nct02417467.

Journal: BMJ open (2023)
Publication types: Randomized Controlled Trial;Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Tolerability and treatment outcome of pembrolizumab in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma and severe renal dysfunction.

S pembrolizumab, an anti-pd-1 monoclonal antibody, revolutionized the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma.However, the tolerability and outcomes of pembrolizumab in patients with severe renal dysfunction [creatinine clearance (cr cl) <30 ml/min] are unclear because no clinical trials included such patients.We analyzed the safety profile and outcomes of these patients in the real world.Methods we extracted data for 739 pembrolizumab-treated patients from a japanese nationwide cohort of platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma.Using propensity score matching, the overall survival (os) and adverse events (aes) of patients with cr cl <30 and ≥30 were compared.Results ninety-two patients (12.4%) had cr cl <30 ml/min.The median number of doses was similar between the cr cl ≥ 30 and cr cl <30 groups (5 and 4, respectively), and there was no difference in the frequency of grade ≥2 treatment-related aes between the groups (35.5% vs.35.7%).The overall response rate was similar between the groups (27.2% vs.29.7%, p = 0.184).Using propensity score matching, the median os times in the cr cl ≥30 and cr cl <30 groups were 10.3 (95% confidence interval [ci] = ci 7.3-13.0) and 8.1 months (95% ci = 5.4-14.6, p = 0.626), respectively.The 1-year os rates in these groups were 41.5% and 38.2%, respectively, and the 2-year os rates were 21.3% and 20.2%, respectively.In multivariate cox regression analysis, performance status ≥2 (hazard ratio [hr] = 5.56, 95% ci = 2.64-11.71, p < 0.0001) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥3 (hr = 2.20, 95% ci =1.15-4.19, p = 0.013) were independently associated with patient prognosis in the cr cl <30 group.Conclusions this report illustrated that pembrolizumab can be safely administered to patients with severe renal dysfunction, who had similar outcomes as patients without severe renal dysfunction.

Journal: Urologic oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Roles of N- and C-terminal domains in the ligand-binding properties of cytoglobin.

Cytoglobin (cygb) is a member of the hexacoordinated globin protein family and is expressed ubiquitously in rat and human tissues.Although cygb is reportedly upregulated under hypoxic conditions both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting a physiological function to protect cells under hypoxic/ischemic conditions by scavenging reactive oxygen species or by signal transduction, the mechanisms associated with this function have not been fully elucidated.Recent studies comparing cygbs among several species suggest that mammalian cygbs show a distinctly longer c-terminal domain potentially involved in unique physiological functions.In this study, we prepared human cygb mutants (δc, δn, and δnc) with either one or both terminal domains truncated and investigated the enzymatic functions and structural features by spectroscopic methods.Evaluation of the superoxide-scavenging activity between cygb variants showed that the δc and δnc mutants exhibited slightly higher activity involving superoxide scavenging as compared with wild-type cygb.Subsequent experiments involving ligand titration, flash photolysis, and resonance raman spectroscopic studies suggested that the truncation of the c- and n-terminal domains resulted in less effective to dissociation constants and binding rates for carbon monoxide, respectively.Furthermore, structural stability was assessed by guanidine hydrochloride and revealed that the c-terminal domain might play a vital role in improving structure, whereas the n-terminal domain did not exert a similar effect.These findings indicated that long terminal domains could be important not only in regulating enzymatic activity but also for structural stability, and that the domains might be relevant to other hypothesized physiological functions for cygb.

Journal: Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article