syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Pollen, ovules, and pollination in pea: Success, failure, and resilience in heat.

Field pea (pisum sativum), a major grain legume crop, is autogamous and adapted to temperate climates.The objectives of this study were to investigate effects of high temperature stress on stamen chemical composition, anther dehiscence, pollen viability, pollen interactions with pistil and ovules, and ovule growth and viability.Two cultivars ("cdc golden" and "cdc sage") were exposed to 24/18°c (day/night) continually or to 35/18°c for 4 or 7 days.Heat stress altered stamen chemical composition, with lipid composition of "cdc sage" being more stable compared with "cdc golden." heat stress reduced pollen viability and the proportion of ovules that received a pollen tube.After 4 days at 35°c, pollen viability in flower buds decreased in "cdc golden," but not in "cdc sage." after 7 days, partial to full failure of anthers to dehisce resulted in subnormal pollen loads on stigmas.Although growth (ovule size) of fertilized ovules was stimulated by 35°c, heat stress tended to decrease ovule viability.Pollen appears susceptible to stress, but not many grains are needed for successful fertilization.Ovule fertilization and embryos are less susceptible to heat, but further research is warranted to link the exact degree of resilience to stress intensity.

Journal: Plant, cell & environment (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Efficacy and safety of paranasal sinus balloon catheter dilation in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis: a systematic review.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) negatively affects quality of life (qo l), and balloon catheter sinuplasty (bcs) has shown good outcomes in adult patients.However, there has not been much research on the effects of bcs on pediatric patients.The objective of this review is to systematically assess the literature for studies demonstrating the effectiveness and safety of bcs in pediatric crs patients.Data sources pub med, embase and cochrane library.Study selection we followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis recommendations (prisma) to conduct our study.Observational- and interventional-based studies reporting efficacy and/or side effects of bcs among pediatric populations were included.Efficacy was evaluated by clinically reliable measures including sino-nasal 5 (sn-5) qo l scale.Antibiotic usage and revision surgery were also evaluated.Data extraction articles were screened, and data were obtained.Study design, sample size and demographics, treated sinuses, criteria of inclusion, adjunct procedure(s), follow-up time, and outcomes measured were reported.Main findings out of 112 articles identified, 10 articles were included: two interventional controlled trials and eight observational studies.All studies evaluating qo l by sn-5 showed a remarkable reduction in sn-5 score postoperatively.Improvement in the computed tomography (ct) and endoscopic findings for up to 1 year after operation was reported.Furthermore, the majority of patinets treated with bcs did not recieve any course of sinusitis-indicated antibiotics during long-term follow-up, and they had low surgical revision rates.Minor side effects were reported, most commonly synechia.Conclusion available evidence suggests that bcs is safe and effective for the treatment of crs in pediatric patients.Future randomized controlled studies with large sample size are warranted.Such studies can further determine the efficacy of bcs in managing children with crs.

Journal: Journal of otolaryngology - head & neck surgery = Le Journal d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Systematic Review
Sex Differences in Lung Cancer Treatment and Outcomes at a Large Hybrid Academic-Community Practice.

Introduction lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death and the second most often diagnosed malignancy worldwide.Males have higher incidence of lung cancer and higher mortality.It is hypothesized that the sex differences in survival are primarily driven by a better response of females to treatment.The primary objective of this work is to analyze and describe outcome differences between males and females diagnosed with having lung cancer.Methods data were obtained from a large hybrid academic-community practice institution and validated with surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (seer).The initial cohort included patients aged more than or equal to 18 years diagnosed with having primary malignant lung cancer.Patients were excluded from the analysis if they had an unknown diagnosis date, were missing sex, or had prior history of cancer.Chi-square,ttest, and kruskal-wallis tests were used to compare characteristics of males and females.Risks were estimated by logistic and cox regressions.Results a total of 8909 patients from our institution and 725,018 in seer were analyzed.Male-to-female ratio was 1.0.Females were more likely to undergo surgery and less likely to be treated with immunotherapy.Females had higher rates of documented psychological affections, depression, anxiety, urinary tract infection, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism, while displaying lower rates of acute kidney injury, myocardial infarction, and myocarditis.Paired multivariable models revealed a lower risk of death for females in seer (hazard ratio for females = 0.84, confidence interval: 0.69-1.02,p= 0.08) and equal risks in our institution (hazard ratio for females = 0.84, confidence interval: 0.69-1.02,p= 0.08).Conclusions female sex was associated with higher surgical rates, lower immunotherapy use rates, higher rates of endocrinologic complications after immunotherapy use, and higher rates of psychological disorders.

Journal: JTO clinical and research reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Spectral decision for cognitive radio networks in a multi-user environment.

Cognitive radio networks promote better spectral efficiency of the electric radio spectrum.The vast majority of current spectral decision models for cognitive radio networks evaluate their performance based on a single secondary user.In reality, the network can experience multiple requests from spectral opportunities.Based on this, the intent of this article is to present and evaluate a spectral decision model for cognitive radio networks in a multi-user environment taking into account the effect of the decisions of the su on the usefulness of the other su.To achieve this, a spectral decision model was developed that allows secondary users to share relevant information before accessing the spectrum so that they can select the most appropriate spectral opportunities.The evaluation and validation of the model was performed using three multicriteria decision-making algorithms under the metric of the number of total handoffs in a conventional scenario and a real scenario, in the conventional scenario, only users that match the input of the multiuser module are included; in the real scenario, in addition to the conventional users, users that enter and leave at random times are included, a feature that alters the models for estimating the behavior of the radio environment.The results show better performance of the topsis algorithm over vikor and saw.The most important contribution of this work is the evaluation of the performance of the spectral decision algorithms implemented in a multi-user environment that allows multiple access and exchange of information between users, with experimental spectral occupation data.

Journal: Heliyon (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Spatial analysis of climatic factors and plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence among children in Ghana.

Malaria is a major public health problem especially in africa where 94% of global malaria cases occur.Malaria prevalence and mortalities are disproportionately higher among children.In 2019, children accounted for 67% of malaria deaths globally.Recently, climatic factors have been acknowledged to influence the number and severity of malaria cases.Plasmodium falciparum-the most deadly malaria parasite, accounts for more than 95% of malaria infections among children in ghana.Using the 2017 ghana demographic health survey data, we examined the local variation in the prevalence and climatic determinants of child malaria.The findings showed that climatic factors such as temperature, rainfall aridity and enhanced vegetation index are significantly and positively associated with plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence among children in ghana.However, there are local variations in how these climatic factors affect child malaria prevalence.Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence was highest among children in the south western, north western and northern ghana.

Journal: Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The influence of congenital and developmental cataract surgery on the ocular surface in a six-month follow-up prospective clinical study.

The purpose of this study was to identify changes in tear film function and meibomian gland function in children after congenital/developmental cataract surgery.Methods this study enrolled 16 eyes of 16 congenital/developmental cataract patients (mean age: 8.05 ± 1.43 years) who underwent cataract surgery and 16 eyes of 16 normal volunteers (mean age: 8.31 ± 2.18 years).Clinical assessments were conducted preoperatively and at 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively.Symptom questionnaires, non-invasive tear film break-up time, tear meniscus height, corneal fluorescein staining, lid margin abnormality, meibomian gland expressibility, and meibography were assessed.Results the ocular symptom score was significantly higher in congenital/developmental cataract patients compared to normal controls during the 5 visits (p = 0.009).And the average non-invasive tear film break-up time was significantly lower in congenital/developmental cataract patients compared to normal controls (p = 0.017).The first non-invasive tear film break-up time and average non-invasive tear film break-up time were lowest at 1 month postoperatively compared to baseline levels (p = 0.008 and p = 0.012, respectively).The lid margin score of the upper eyelid was significantly higher in congenital/developmental cataract patients compared to normal controls at 1 week postoperatively (p = 0.027).The meibum expressibility score decreased significantly during the 5 visits (p = 0.024).No significant difference was observed in meibomian gland tortuosity, meibomian gland width, meibomian gland area and meibomian gland length between the congenital/developmental group and normal controls preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively (p > 0.05).Conclusion tear film stability and meibomian gland function are worsened transiently after congenital/developmental cataract surgery without accompanying meibomian gland morphological changes.

Journal: BMC ophthalmology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Latency analysis of resting-state BOLD-fMRI reveals traveling waves in visual cortex linking task-positive and task-negative networks.

Due to the low temporal resolution of bold-f mri, imaging studies on human brain function have almost exclusively focused on instantaneous correlations within the data.Developments in hardware and acquisition protocols, however, are offering data with higher sampling rates that allow investigating the latency structure of bold-f mri data.In this study we describe a method for analyzing the latency structure within bold-f mri data and apply it to resting-state data of 94 participants from the human connectome project.The method shows that task-positive and task-negative networks are integrated through traveling bold waves within early visual cortex.The waves are initiated at the periphery of the visual field and propagate towards the fovea.This observation suggests a mechanism for the functional integration of task-positive and task-negative networks, argues for an eccentricity-based view on visual information processing, and contributes to the emerging view that resting-state bold-f mri fluctuations are superpositions of inherently spatiotemporal patterns.

Journal: NeuroImage (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Suicide-Related Knowledge and Attitudes among a Sample of Mental Health Professionals.

Inadequate knowledge of the potential signs and risk factors of suicide negatively affects the ability of healthcare professionals to recognize patients at risk of suicide.The principal aim of the present study is to assess the attitudes and knowledge about suicide in a large sample of mental health professionals.We examined the relationship between suicide knowledge and skills questionnaire items and the experience of a patient dying by suicide.We also examined whether various healthcare professionals respond differently to the items of the impact of a patient's suicide on professional and personal lives scale.Results demonstrated that healthcare professionals who had experienced a patient suicide reported greater skills than professionals who had not experienced a patient suicide.However, 44% of professionals who had experienced a patient suicide felt that they did not have adequate training on this particular issue.Among those who had experienced a patient suicide, there was an increased tendency to hospitalize patients with suicide risk and an increased use of collegial consultation.Concerning personal emotions, healthcare professionals reported troubled relationships with family members and friends and the loss of self-esteem.In conclusion, better knowledge and attitudes about suicide are necessary for suicide-prevention strategies.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Turmeronol A and turmeronol B from Curcuma longa prevent inflammatory mediator production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, partially via reduced NF-κB signaling.

Chronic inflammation depends on inflammatory mediators produced by activated macrophages and is the common pathological basis for various diseases.Turmeronol is a sesquiterpenoid found in the spice turmeric (curcuma longa), which is known to have anti-inflammatory activity.To elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of turmeronol, we investigated the influence of turmeronol a and turmeronol b in mouse macrophages (raw264.7 cells) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (lps).Pretreatment of raw264.7 cells with either turmeronol a or b significantly inhibited lps-induced production of prostaglandin e2and nitric oxide, as well as expression of m rnas for the corresponding synthetic enzymes.In addition, the turmeronols significantly inhibited lps-induced upregulation of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α at the m rna and protein levels.Both turmeronols also inhibited nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κb (nf-κb), with a similar time course to the nf-κb inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, but not curcumin (another nf-κb inhibitor).Thus, both turmeronols prevented activation of macrophages and inflammatory mediator production, possibly by suppressing activation of nf-κb, and therefore have potential for use in preventing chronic inflammatory diseases.

Journal: Food & function (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Minimally Invasive Surgery and Surgical Volume-Specific Survival and Perioperative Outcome: Unmet Need for Evidence in Gynecologic Malignancy.

This study examined the effect of hospital surgical volume on oncologic outcomes in minimally invasive surgery (mis) for gynecologic malignancies.The objectives were to assess survival outcomes related to hospital surgical volume and to evaluate perioperative outcomes and examine non-gynecologic malignancies.Literature available from the pub med, scopus, and the cochrane library databases were systematically reviewed.All surgical procedures including gynecologic surgery with hospital surgical volume information were eligible for analysis.Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, and nine gastro-intestinal studies, seven genitourinary studies, four gynecological studies, two hepatobiliary studies, and one thoracic study were reviewed.Of those, 11 showed a positive volume-outcome association for perioperative outcomes.A study on mis for ovarian cancer reported lower surgical morbidity in high-volume centers.Two studies were on endometrial cancer, of which one showed lower treatment costs in high-volume centers and the other showed no association with perioperative morbidity.Another study examined robotic-assisted radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer and found no volume-outcome association for surgical morbidity.There were no gynecologic studies examining the association between hospital surgical volume and oncologic outcomes in mis.The volume-outcome association for oncologic outcome in gynecologic mis is understudied.This lack of evidence calls for further studies to address this knowledge gap.

Journal: Journal of clinical medicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Multisystem effects of COVID-19: a concise review for practitioners.

While covid-19 has primarily been characterized by the respiratory impact of viral pneumonia, it affects every organ system and carries a high consequent risk of death in critically ill patients.Higher sequential organ failure assessment (sofa) scores have been associated with increased mortality in patients critically ill patients with covid-19.It is important that clinicians managing critically ill covid-19 patients be aware of the multisystem impact of the disease so that care can be focused on the prevention of end-organ injuries to potentially improve clinical outcomes.We review the multisystem complications of covid-19 and associated treatment strategies to improve the care of critically ill covid-19 patients.

Journal: Postgraduate medicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Hepatitis E virus replication in human intestinal cells.

Hepatitis e virus (hev), one of the most common agent of acute hepatitis worldwide, is mainly transmitted enterically, via contaminated water for hev genotypes 1 (hev1) and hev2, or by eating raw or undercooked infected meat for hev genotype 3 (hev3) and hev4.However, little is known about how the ingested hev reaches the liver or its ability to replicate in intestinal cells.Design we developed human primary cultures of small intestine epithelial cells and intestinal explants obtained from small bowel resections.The epithelial cells were also polarised on transwells.Cells were infected with kernow-p6 strain or clinically derived virions.Results primary intestinal cells supported the growth of kernow-p6 strain and hev1 and hev3 clinically derived virions.Polarised enterocytes infected with hev1 and hev3 strains released hev particles vectorially: mostly into the apical compartment with a little basally.Iodixanol density gradient centrifugation of enterocyte-derived hev virions gave bands at a density of 1.06-1.08 g/cm3, corresponding to that of quasi-enveloped hev particles.Ribavirin therapy inhibited hev excretion from the basal surface but not from the apical side of infected human enterocytes.Hev virions also infected intestinal tissue explants.Lastly, hev rna and antigen were detected in the intestinal crypts of a chronically infected patient.Conclusion hev can replicate in intestinal cells and reaches the liver as quasi-enveloped virions.

Journal: Gut (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Serum albumin is incrementally associated with increased mortality across varying levels of kidney function.

S serum albumin (s alb) may be a strong predictor of longevity in the general population and in chronic kidney disease.This study aimed to determine the relationship between s alb concentrations and mortality risk independent of kidney function.Methods this was a retrospective cohort study of 31 274 adults from the 1999-2010 national health and nutrition examination survey.The estimated glomerular filtration rate (e gfr) was examined as both a confounder and modifier of the association of s alb with mortality risk.We examined the association of s alb (categorized as <3.8, 3.8 to <4.0, 4.0 to <4.2, 4.2 to <4.4, 4.4 to <4.6, 4.6 to <4.8, and ≥4.8 g/d l) with mortality using cox models.Subsequently, we conducted spline analyses to estimate the association of s alb with all-cause mortality across varying e gfr levels.Results in unadjusted analyses, participants with incrementally lower s alb concentrations of <4.6 g/d l had an increasingly higher mortality risk compared with those with s alb levels ranging from 4.6 to <4.8 g/d l (reference), whereas those with higher s alb levels of ≥4.8 g/d l had a lower mortality risk (hazard ratios [95% confidence interval]: 3.88 [3.26-4.62], 3.59 [3.01-4.27], 2.79 [2.37-3.29], 2.10 [1.79-2.48], 1.72 [1.45-2.03], and 0.71 [0.55-0.92] for s alb concentrations of <3.8, 3.8 to <4.0, 4.0 to <4.2, 4.2 to <4.4, 4.4 to <4.6, and ≥4.8 g/d l, respectively).Adjusted analyses showed similar findings, although the association of higher s alb levels of ≥4.8 g/d l with better survival was attenuated to the null.Spline analyses showed that participants with s alb levels of <4.6 g/d l had higher mortality across all concentrations of e gfr, ranging from 30 to 120 m l/min/1.73 m2(reference: s alb ≥ 4.6 g/d l).Conclusions among a nationally representative u.s.Cohort, a graded association was observed between lower s alb concentrations and higher death risk, which was robust across varying levels of kidney function.

Journal: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Two cytotoxic squalene-derived polyethers from the Japanese red algaChondria armata.

The red alga chondria armatais known to produce and contain a rich diversity of secondary metabolites, such as domoic acid-related alkaloids and triterpene polyethers.Our investigation on red alga c.Armatafrom kagoshima coast, japan, resulted in the isolation of two new triterpene polyethers, bandokorols a (1) and b (2).The structures of these compounds were determined based on spectroscopic data such as infrared (ftir),1h-nmr, apt,1h-1h-cosy, hsqc, hmbc, noesy and fab mass spectrometry (hrfabms).The anticancer potentials of these compounds were tested against adult t-cell leukaemia (atl), s1t cells and their ic50values are reported here.

Journal: Natural product research (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article