syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
A physical therapist-led clinical decision-making program reduced risk of adverse events after total knee arthroplasty over 3 years: A retrospective review.

Context reducing adverse events after total knee arthroplasty has implications for newly developed bundled payment models.Objective to examine the impact of a physical therapist-led clinical decision-making program on the risk of adverse events, function, visits used, or reaching knee range of motion (rom) goals in patients after total knee arthroplasty.Methods the decision-making program consisted of quarterly meetings and recommendations for early risk identification and evidence-based intervention.A retrospective review of electronic records included adult patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty postoperative rehabilitation in an 18-month baseline period from 2014 to 2015 and an intervention period from 2015 to 2018.Relative risk reduction (rrr) determined whether a reduction in risk had occurred.Discharge function was measured with the lower extremity functional scale.Results a total of 160 patients were included, 69 from the 18-month baseline period and 91 from the 36-month intervention period.Mean (sd) age was 68 (9.2) years in the baseline period and 72 (9.7) years in the intervention period.There was an 8.4% (95% ci, 1.1%-64.9%) rrr in adverse events.The rrr for patients not reaching full knee extension was 70.5% (95% ci, 33.4%-87.0%) and the rrr for patients not reaching 120° of knee flexion was 65.5% (95% ci, 5.4%-87.4%).There was significant improvement in the discharge function score (p= 0.05), but not the number of visits used (p= 0.29).Conclusion the physical therapist-led clinical decision-making program reduced the risk of adverse events after total knee arthroplasty.The risk of not reaching rom goals by discharge was also substantially reduced.

Journal: Clinical rehabilitation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Comparison of Patient Clinical characteristics and Outcomes Between Different COVID-19 Peak Periods: A Single Center Retrospective Propensity Matched Analysis.

Introduction while coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) specific treatments have been instituted, overall mortality rates among hospitalized patients remain significant.Our study aimed to evaluate patient clinical characteristics and outcomes comparing the different covid-19 infection peak periods.Methods this is a retrospective study of all adult patients hospitalized with a confirmed diagnosis of covid-19 between march 1 to april 24, 2020 and november 1 to december 31, 2020, which corresponded to the first and second waves of covid-19 infection in our institution, respectively.Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were compared and used for propensity matching.Clinical outcomes, such as need for intubation, renal replacement therapy and inpatient mortality were subsequently compared between the two groups.Results patients in the second covid-19 wave had a significantly higher body mass index (32.58 vs 29.83, p <0.001), as well as prevalence of asthma (14% vs 8%, p=0.019) and chronic kidney disease (42% vs 18%, p <0.001).Almost all patients in the second covid-19 wave received corticosteroid treatment (99% vs 30%, p <0.001), and significantly more patients received remdesivir (43% vs 2%, p <0.001).Meanwhile, none of the patients in the second covid-19 wave were treated with tocilizumab or hydroxychloroquine.Differences in clinical outcomes, such as need for renal replacement therapy or intubation, and median length of stay were not statistically significant.Inpatient mortality remained largely unchanged between the two covid-19 peak periods.Discussion/ conclusion in our institution, after propensity matched analysis, clinical outcomes such as need for renal replacement therapy, intubation and inpatient mortality remained unchanged between the two covid-19 peak periods.

Journal: Cureus (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Prevalence and determinants of musculoskeletal pain among school-going children carrying schoolbags: A cross-sectional study from Central India.

Musculoskeletal disorders constitute 1,194 prevalent cases per 1,00,000 among children aged 5 to 19 years in india.School bags with a weight exceeding 10% of the bodyweight is a common cause of backache in school children.Methods school children aged 8-15 years from four private schools of bhopal were included, resulting in a sample of 934 participants.An author-assisted questionnaire was used for data collection.Results the school bags were 16.5% of the average weight of students.55.9% of the students experienced pain in the last 12 months, 41.6% in the last ten days and 21.3% had visited a doctor for the same.On analysis, bags with 3 three compartments (aor: 3.7), using both shoulders to carry bags (aor: 0.10), and the absence of lockers in schools (aor: 17.80) were significant predictors of pain in the last ten days (p< 0.05).Conclusion massive advocacy and orientation are required at all levels for educational administrators, teachers, parents and students.

Journal: Journal of family medicine and primary care (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Nutrient Digestibility and Fecal Quality in Beagle Dogs Fed Meat and Bone Meal Added to Dry Food.

Meat and bone meal (mbm) is one animal by-product used in pets.This study purposed to provide information on mbm including either coarsely (mbmc) or finely (mbmf) ground with regard to diet digestibility and fecal characteristics in dogs.Three different levels of mbm (6%, 12% and 24%) of each grinding form (mbm6, mbm12 and mbm24) were added to a basic diet.Six beagle dogs (body weight 16.7 kg ± 0.42) participated in a latin square experiment.Each trial began with the animals adapting to the food for a five-day period, followed by five days of fecal collection.The feed particle size had no effect on the apparent digestibility of organic matter, crude protein and crude fat.The fecal score was significantly affected by the particle size × level interaction among treatments (p < 0.0001).It was noted that the different particle sizes or levels of mbm as main effects had no significant effect on the fecal fatty acid concentrations.These findings suggest that using coarse or fine grinding even including mbm up to 24% in dog diets does not affect the apparent digestibility of protein nor fecal quality negatively in our experimental study.

Journal: Veterinary sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Pregnancy associated epigenetic markers of inflammation predict depression and anxiety symptoms in response to discrimination.

Latina mothers, who have one of the highest fertility rates among ethnic groups in the united states (us), often experience discrimination.Psychosocial influences during pregnancy, such as discrimination stress, promotes inflammation.However, the role of epigenetic markers of inflammation as a mediator between, and predictor of, maternal discrimination stress and neuropsychiatric outcomes has not been extensively studied.The current study investigates the role of dna methylation at foxp3treg-cell-specific demethylated region (tsdr), as a marker of regulatory t (treg) cells that are important negative regulators of inflammation, and the promoter of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α) gene, an important pro-inflammatory cytokine, in relation to discrimination stress during pregnancy and depression and anxiety symptomatology.A sample of 148 latina women residing in the us (mean age 27.6 years) were assessed prenatally at 24-32 weeks' gestation and 4-6 weeks postnatally for perceived discrimination exposure (everyday discrimination scale, eds), emotional distress (depression, anxiety, perinatal-specific depression), acculturation, and acculturative stress.Dna methylation levels at the foxp3and tnfαpromoter regions from blood samples collected at the prenatal stage were assessed by bisulphite pyrosequencing.Regression analyses showed that prenatal eds associated with postnatal emotional distress, depression and anxiety symptoms only in those individuals with higher than mean levels of foxp3tsdr and tnfαpromoter methylation; no such significant associations were found in those with lower than mean levels of methylation for either.We further found that these relationships were mediated by tnfαonly in those with high foxp3tsdr methylation, implying that immunosuppression via tnfαpromoter methylation buffers the impact of discrimination stress on postpartum symptomatology.These results indicate that epigenetic markers of immunosuppression and inflammation play an important role in resilience or sensitivity, respectively, to prenatal stress.

Journal: Neurobiology of stress (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Strawberry crinkle (SCV) and Strawberry mottle (SMoV) viruses affect yield and physio-biochemical responses of three strawberry cultivars under different seasonal conditions.

The current study was performed to evaluate the impact of strawberry crinkle virus (scv) and strawberry mottle virus (smo v) viruses, in single and mixed infections, on the yield and physio-biochemical traits of strawberry plants with different genetic backgrounds.Accordingly, the virus-free plantlets were produced via meristem culture and were then transplanted in a research field in different seasons.Methods and results the results indicated that genetic background clearly affects the responses of the strawberry plants to the viral infection.In addition, considering the effects of changing environmental factors, different seasons had significant influences on the strawberry responses to the virus infection.The results indicated that the components indicating destructive effects were significantly higher during the summer season.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using viral specific primers revealed 345 and 461 bp fragments for scv and smo v viruses, respectively, where all plants were positive for studied viruses.The comparison between the influence of scv and smo v viruses on the host plants indicated that scv caused more damaging effects on the strawberry fruit yield and physio-biochemical traits.Simultaneous infection with scv and smo v severely impacted the strawberry plants compared with the effect of each virus individually.Conclusion it is recommended to keep the temperature of the greenhouses producing strawberry at the cooler levels to prevent the spreading of the aphid-transmitted viruses.

Journal: Molecular biology reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Glucocorticoid receptor hypersensitivity enhances inflammatory signaling and inhibits cell cycle progression in porcine PBMCs.

The consequences of glucocorticoid receptor (gr) hypersensitivity during infection have so far received little attention.We previously discovered that a natural gain-of-function ala610val substitution in the porcine gr aggravates response of pigs to lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced endotoxemia, which can be alleviated by dexamethasone (dex) pretreatment.In this work, we investigated the relevant molecular basis of these phenotypes by transcriptomic profiling of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) carrying different gr genotypes, in unstimulated conditions or in response to dex and/or lpsin vitro.The val allele differentially regulated abunda+nt genes in an additive-genetic manner.A subset of more than 200 genes was consistently affected by the substitution across treatments.This was associated with upregulation of genes related i.a.To endo-lysosomal system, lipid and protein catabolism, and immune terms including platelet activation, and antigen presentation, while downregulated genes were mainly involved in cell cycle regulation.Most importantly, the set of genes constitutively upregulated by val includes members of the tlr4/lps signaling pathway, such as ly96.Consequently, when exposing pbmcs to lps treatment, the val variant upregulated a panel of additional genes related to tlr4 and several other pattern recognition receptors, as well as cell death and lymphocyte signaling, ultimately amplifying the inflammatory responses.In contrast, when stimulated by dex treatment, the val allele orchestrated several genes involved in anti-inflammatory responses during infection.This study provides novel insights into the impact of gr hypersensitivity on the fate and function of immune cells, which may be useful for endotoxemia therapy.

Journal: Frontiers in immunology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Genetic inactivation of Semaphorin 3C protects mice from acute kidney injury.

To guide the development of therapeutic interventions for acute kidney injury, elucidating the deleterious pathways of this global health problem is highly warranted.Emerging evidence has indicated a pivotal role of endothelial dysfunction in the etiology of this disease.We found that the class iii semaphorin sema3c was ectopically upregulated with full length protein excreted into the blood and truncated protein secreted into the urine upon kidney injury and hypothesized a role for seam3c in acute kidney injury.Sema3c was genetically abrogated during acute kidney injury and subsequent kidney morphological and functional defects in two well-characterized models of acute kidney injury; warm ischemia/reperfusion and folic acid injection were analyzed.Employing a beta actin-dependent, inducible knockout of sema3c, we demonstrate that in acute kidney injury sema3c promotes interstitial edema, leucocyte infiltration and tubular injury.Additionally, intravital microscopy combined with evans blue dye extravasation and primary culture of magnetically sorted peritubular endothelial cells identified a novel role for sema3c in promoting vascular permeability.Thus, our study points to microvascular permeability as an important driver of injury in acute kidney injury, and to sema3c as a novel permeability factor and potential target for therapeutic intervention.

Journal: Kidney international (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Multimodal Examination of Atrial Fibrillation Substrate: Correlation of Left Atrial Bipolar Voltage Using Multi-Electrode Fast Automated Mapping, Point-by-Point Mapping, and Magnetic Resonance Image Intensity Ratio.

Bipolar voltage mapping, as part of atrial fibrillation (af) ablation, is traditionally performed in a point-by-point (pbp) approach using single-tip ablation catheters.Alternative techniques for fibrosis-delineation include fast-anatomical mapping (fam) with multi-electrode circular catheters, and late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic-resonance imaging (lge-mri).The correlation between pbp, fam, and lge-mri fibrosis assessment is unknown.Objective in this study, we examined af substrate using different modalities (pbp, fam, and lge-mri mapping) in patients presenting for an af ablation.Methods lge-mri was performed pre-ablation in 26 patients (73% males, age 63±8years).Local image-intensity ratio (iir) was used to normalize myocardial intensities.Pbp- and fam-voltage maps were acquired, in sinus rhythm, prior to ablation and co-registered to lge-mri.Results mean bipolar voltage for all 19,087 fam voltage points was 0.88±1.27m v and average iir was 1.08±0.18.In an adjusted mixed-effects model, each unit increase in local iir was associated with 57% decrease in bipolar voltage (p 0.74 corresponded to bipolar voltage <0.5 m v.A total of 1554 pbp-mapping points were matched to the nearest fam-point.In an adjusted mixed-effects model, log-fam bipolar voltage was significantly associated with log-pbp bipolar voltage (ß=0.36, p<0.0001).At low-voltages, fam-mapping distribution was shifted to the left compared to pbp-mapping; at intermediate voltages, fam and pbp voltages were overlapping; and at high voltages, fam exceeded pbp-voltages.Conclusion lge-mri, fam and pbp-mapping show good correlation in delineating electro-anatomical af substrate.Each approach has fundamental technical characteristics, the awareness of which allows proper assessment of atrial fibrosis.

Journal: JACC. Clinical electrophysiology (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Solid Tumor Oncology: An Effectiveness Payday with a Targeted Payload.

Antibody-drug conjugates (adcs) are at the forefront of the drug development revolution occurring in oncology.Formed from three main components-an antibody, a linker molecule, and a cytotoxic agent ("payload"), adcs have the unique ability to deliver cytotoxic agents to cells expressing a specific antigen, a great leap forward from traditional chemotherapeutic approaches that cause widespread effects without specificity.A variety of payloads can be used, including most frequently microtubular inhibitors (auristatins and maytansinoids), as well as topoisomerase inhibitors and alkylating agents.Finally, linkers play a critical role in the adcs' effect, as cleavable moieties that serve as linkers impact site-specific activation as well as bystander killing effects, an upshot that is especially important in solid tumors that often express a variety of antigens.While adcs were initially used in hematologic malignancies, their utility has been demonstrated in multiple solid tumor malignancies, including breast, gastrointestinal, lung, cervical, ovarian, and urothelial cancers.Currently, six adcs are fda-approved for the treatment of solid tumors: ado-trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan, both anti-her2; enfortumab-vedotin, targeting nectin-4; sacituzuzmab govitecan, targeting trop2; tisotumab vedotin, targeting tissue factor; and mirvetuximab soravtansine, targeting folate receptor-alpha.Although they demonstrate utility and tolerable safety profiles, adcs may become ineffective as tumor cells undergo evolution to avoid expressing the specific antigen being targeted.Furthermore, the current cost of adcs can be limiting their reach.Here, we review the structure and functions of adcs, as well as ongoing clinical investigations into novel adcs and their potential as treatments of solid malignancies.

Journal: Pharmaceutics (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Choroid plexus cauterization to treat inadequate abdominal cerebrospinal fluid absorption: case report.

Introduction inadequate absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) in the setting of high csf production is a relatively rare cause of shunt malfunction.Case report we present the unique case of a 3-year-old boy who developed sterile ascites and abdominal distension in a delayed fashion after shunt placement.The shunt was externalized, and the patient was noted to have high csf output.Bilateral choroid plexus cauterization resulted in a significant decrease in csf production and enabled the shunt to be re-inserted into the abdomen.

Journal: Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Identification of Plasma Inositol and Indoxyl Sulfate as Novel Biomarker Candidates for Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. -Findings from Metabolome Analysis Using GC/MS.

An identification of the high-risk group of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (cvd) is important in the management of patients with diabetes.Metabolomics is a potential tool for the discovery of new biomarkers.With this background, we aimed to identify metabolites associated with atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm).Methods a total of 176 patients with t2dm who have never had a cvd event and 40 who were survivors of coronary artery disease (cad) events were enrolled.Non-targeted metabolome analysis of fasting plasma samples was performed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (gc/ms) highly optimized for multiple measurement of blood samples.First, metabolites were screened by analyzing the association with the established markers of subclinical atherosclerosis (i.e., carotid maximal intima-media thickness (max-imt) and flow-mediated vasodilation (fmd)) in the non-cvd subjects.Then, the associations between the metabolites detected and the history of cad were investigated.Result a total of 65 annotated metabolites were detected.Non-parametric univariate analysis identified inositol and indoxyl sulfate as significantly (p<0.05) associated with both max-imt and fmd.These metabolites were also significantly associated with cad.Moreover, inositol remained to be associated with cad even after adjustments for traditional coronary risk factors.Conclusions we identified novel biomarker candidates for atherosclerosis in japanese patients with t2dm using gc/ms-based non-targeted metabolomics.

Journal: Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
The effects of xylo-oligosaccharides on regulating growth performance, nutrient utilization, gene expression of tight junctions, nutrient transporters, and cecal short chain fatty acids profile in Eimeria-challenged broiler chickens.

A 21-d experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of xylo-oligosaccharides (xos) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, gene expression of tight junctions, nutrient transporters, and cecal short chain fatty acids (scfa) profile of broiler chickens challenged with mixed eimeria spp.Two hundred fifty-two zero-day-old chicks were allocated to 6 treatments in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (corn-soybean meal diets supplemented with 0, 0.5, or 1.0 g/kg xos; with or without eimeria challenge).Challenged groups were inoculated with a solution containing e.Maxima, e.Acervulina, and e.Tenella oocysts on d 15.During the infection period (d 15 to d 21), there was a significant (p < 0.05) eimeria × xos interaction for weight gain (wg).Xos significantly (p < 0.05) increased wg in the unchallenged birds but not in the challenged treatments.There was no significant eimeria × xos interaction for n and minerals utilization responses.Xos supplementation at 0.5 g/kg tended to alleviate eimeria-induced depression in apparent ileal digestibility of dm (p = 0.052).Challenged birds had lower (p < 0.01) ame, amen, and total retention of n, ca, and p.Eimeria upregulated (p < 0.01) gene expression of tight junction proteins claudin-1, junctional adhesion molecule-2, and glucose transporter glut1; but downregulated (p < 0.01) the peptide transporter pep t1, amino acid transporters r bat, cat2, y+lat2, and zinc transporter zn t1.Xos alleviated (p < 0.05) eimeria-induced claudin-1 upregulation.Eimeria decreased (p < 0.05) cecal saccharolytic scfa acetate, butyrate, and total scfa, but increased (p < 0.05) branched chain fatty acids isobutyrate and isovalerate.The supplementation of xos tended to decrease the concentration of isobutyrate (p = 0.08) and isovalerate (p = 0.062).In conclusion, 0.5 g/kg xos supplementation alleviated depression in growth performance and nutrient utilization from the eimeria challenge.In addition, supplemental xos reversed the gene expression changes of claudin-1, also showed the potentials of alleviating the negative cecal fermentation pattern induced by eimeria infection.

Journal: Poultry science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article