syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Correlations between neck circumference and serum thyroid hormones levels in postmenopausal women with euthyroid and subclinical hypothyroidism.

Middle-aged and elderly women are at a higher risk of subclinical hypothyroidism (shypo).Menopause is an important period of metabolic change in women and thyroid hormones are closely related to metabolic status.Neck circumference (nc) is a simple anthropometric index that reflects upper body fat accumulation.Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between nc and thyroid hormones in postmenopausal women.A total of 1050 postmenopausal women were enrolled from shanghai zhabei communities (888 euthyroid subjects and 162 shypo patients).Anthropometric parameters, including nc, were measured.The measurements of serum thyroid hormones were performed by electrochemical luminescence immunoassay.The results showed nc was positively correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) (r = .064, p = .039).Tsh and the proportion of shypo patients increased significantly in those with elevated nc (both p .05).And in the subgroup analysis of euthyroid and shypo individuals, nc was also not related to tsh (all p > .05).In conclusion, there was no independent association between nc, a simple anthropometric index for upper body fat accumulation, and serum tsh levels in chinese euthyroid and shypo postmenopausal women.

Journal: Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cross-sectional study of the association between asthma and cataract among 40 years and older in the USA.

This study is aimed to assess the association between asthma and cataract in a representative sample in the united states.Methods the national health interview survey (nhis) is the principal source of information on the health of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the united states.Ten years (2010-2019) of nhis were analyzed in this study.Asthma and cataract status were collected from relevant questionnaires among participants aged 40 years and older.Multivariate regression analyses were applied to explore the association between asthma and cataract.Results from 40,457 participants included, those with asthma had higher prevalence of cataract than those without asthma (29.41% vs 25.87%, p < 0.001).Participants who had asthma had 40% higher odds of cataract compared to those without, after adjusting for potential confounding covariates (odds ratio [or] = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [ci]: 1.29-1.52, p < 0.001).When viewing asthma as the outcome, participants who had cataract had 36% higher odds of asthma compared to those without, after adjusting for potential confounding covariates (odds ratio [or] = 1.36, 95% confidence interval [ci]: 1.25-1.47, p < 0.001).Conclusions with our study, we demonstrated that individuals with asthma were more likely to develop cataract compared with those without asthma.Further rcts are needed to confirm this potential impact of asthma on cataract and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Journal: BMC ophthalmology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Expert Consensus of Syndrome Differentiation for Phlegm Turbidity Syndrome for Coronary Heart Disease.

The purpose of the study was to form a questionnaire of expert consensus about phlegm turbidity syndrome of coronary heart disease (chd) using literature method and delphi method, which could provide the objective evidences for the clinical diagnosis and treatment for chd.Method the cbm, cnki, vip, and pub med were searched.The articles about phlegm turbidity syndrome for chd with the definite related four diagnostic data were included.Based on the results of the literature method, two rounds of delphi method were conducted.The tcm experts about chd were enrolled.Concentration and coordination index of the experts were used to select the items.Results literature method: a total of 118 articles were included.Greasy fur, slippery pulse, chest fullness or chest pain, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, vertigo, excessive phlegm, abdominal fullness, head heaviness, obesity, stringy pulse, physical heaviness, soft pulse, somnolence, fatigue, and pale tongue (16 items) had the relatively high proportion, and they were eligible for delphi process.Delphi method: a total of 93 experts (22 for the first round, 71 for the second round) were included.The reliability of the items was 0.885 for all the experts.The 16 items were not significantly different between the two rounds (p>0.05).According to the results of mean, frequency, sum of ranks and coefficient of variation, the item of nausea and vomiting, somnolence, pale tongue, and soft pulse were deleted.Conclusions the questionnaire of phlegm turbidity syndrome of chd was established, with good reliability.The sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire are still necessary to further validate for clinical or scientific use.

Journal: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effects of Dietary Strategies on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress: A Narrative Review of Human Studies.

Exhaustive exercise can induce excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ros), which may enhance oxidative stress levels.Although physiological levels are crucial for optimal cell signaling and exercise adaptations, higher concentrations have been demonstrated to damage macromolecules and thus facilitate detrimental effects.Besides single dosages of antioxidants, whole diets rich in antioxidants are gaining more attention due to their practicality and multicomponent ingredients.The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the current state of research on this topic and present recent advances regarding the antioxidant effects of whole dietary strategies on exercise-induced oxidative stress in humans.The following electronic databases were searched from inception to february 2021: pub med, scope and web of science.Twenty-eight studies were included in this narrative review and demonstrated the scavenging effects of exercise-induced ros generation, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory markers and antioxidant capacity, with only one study not confirming such positive effects.Although the literature is still scarce about the effects of whole dietary strategies on exercise-induced oxidative stress, the majority of the studies demonstrated favorable effects.Nevertheless, the protocols are still very heterogeneous and further systematically designed studies are needed to strengthen the evidence.

Journal: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
A Large-Scalable, Surfactant-Free, and Ultrastable Ru-Doped Pt3Co Oxygen Reduction Catalyst.

Developing a large-scale method to produce platinum (pt)-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) is highly desirable to propel the commercialization of the membrane electrode assembly (mea).Here, we successfully report the large-scale production of surfactant-free ruthenium-doped pt-cobalt octahedra grown on carbon (ru-pt3co/c), which display a much higher orr activity and stability and mea stability than pt3co/c and pt/c.Significantly, the in-situ x-ray absorption fine structure result reveals that ru can drive the reduced pt atoms to reverse to their initial state after the orr by transferring a redundant electron from pt to ru, preventing the over-reduction of pt active sites and boosting the chemical stability.Theory investigations further confirm that the doped ru can accelerate the breach and desorption of oxygen intermediates, making it active and durable for the orr.The present work sheds light on the exploration of a large-scale strategy for producing advanced pt-based nanocatalysts, which may offer significant advantages for practical fuel cell applications in the future.

Journal: Nano letters (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Radon in groundwater baseline study prior to unconventional shale gas development and hydraulic fracturing in the Karoo Basin (South Africa).

The prospect of unconventional shale gas development in the semi-arid karoo basin (south africa) has created the prerequisite to temporally characterise the natural radioactivity in associated groundwater which is solely depended on for drinking and agriculture purposes.Radon (222rn) was the primary natural radionuclide of interest in this study; however, supplementary radium (226ra and228ra) in-water measurements were also conducted.A total of 53 aquifers spanning three provinces were studied during three separate measurement campaigns from 2014 to 2016.The karoo basin's natural radon-in-water levels can be characterised by a minimum of 1 ± 1 bq/l (consistent with zero or below lld), a maximum of 183 ± 18 bq/l and mean of 41 ± 5 bq/l.The mean radon-in-water levels for shallow aquifers were systematically higher (55 ± 10 bq/l) compared to deep (14 ± 3 bq/l) or mixed aquifers (20 ± 6 bq/l).Radon-in-water activity concentration fluctuations were predominantly observed from shallow aquifers compared to the generally steady levels of deep aquifers.A collective seasonal mean radon-in-water levels increase from the winter of 2014 (44 ± 8 bq/l) to winter of 2016 (61 ± 16 bq/l) was noticed which could be related to the extreme national drought experienced in 2015.Radium-in-water (228ra and226ra) levels ranged from below detection level to a maximum of 0.008 bq/l (226ra) and 0.015 bq/l (228ra).The228ra/226ra ratio was characterised by a minimum of 0.93, a maximum of 6.5 and a mean value of 3.3 ± 1.3.Developing and improving baseline naturally occurring radionuclide groundwater databases is vital to study potential radiological environmental impacts attributed to industrial processes such as hydraulic fracturing or mining.

Journal: Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Alleviation effects ofRubus coreanusMiquel root extract on skin symptoms and inflammation in chronic atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (ad) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by chronic inflammatory dermatitis with immunological manifestations.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of polyphenol-containing rubus coreanus miquel root extract on skin allergy and ad.The protective effects of r.Coreanusroot ethanol extract against ad were investigated using the human keratinocyte cell line ha ca t, human mast cell line hmc-1, and the 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (dncb)-induced ad-like skin nc/nga mouse model.Treatment with r.Coreanusroot ethanol extracts reduced β-hexosaminidase and histamine release from hmc-1 cells stimulated with compound 48/80 compared to treatment with r.Coreanusfruit ethanol extract.Furthermore, topical application of r.Coreanusroot ethanol extract dramatically reduced the severity of skin symptoms and the thickening and swelling of the dorsal skin and ear in dncb-treated nc/nga mice.The protein and m rna expression of several cytokines (il-4, il-5, il-12, ifn-γ, tnf-α, and tarc) and ig e was significantly lowered upon application of the r.Coreanusroot ethanol extract.The promising candidate for the active ingredient of r.Coreanusroot polyphenols was revealed to be ellagic acid.These findings clearly indicate that the r.Coreanusroot polyphenols show strong anti-allergic effects and suppress the symptoms of ad.Therefore, polyphenol-containing r.Coreanusroot ethanol extract could be a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of allergy and ad.

Journal: Food & function (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Classification of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on N6-Methylandenosine-Related lncRNAs Profiling.

Hcc is one of the most common types of malignancies worldwide and the fourth-leading cause of cancer deaths.Thus, there is an urgent need to search for novel targeted therapies in hcc.186 m6a-related lnc rnas were screened for subsequent analysis.Two distinct m6a modification clusters were identified to be associated with the overall prognosis in tcga-lihc based on the m6a-related lnc rnas profiling, followed by univariate cox regression analysis.In addition, four m6a-related lnc rnas prognostic signatures were developed and validated that could predict the os of hcc patients, followed by univariate cox regression, lasso regression, and multivariate cox regression analysis.Moreover, four m6a-related lnc rnas were identified to be related to hcc prognosis.Estimate was used to evaluate the stromal score, immune score, estimate score, and tumor purity of each hcc sample.Ss gsea was performed to identify the enrichment levels of 29 immune signatures in each sample.Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction shown that kdm4a-as1, bace1-as, and nrav expressions were upregulated in hcc patients.We proved that our m6a-related lnc rnas signature had powerful and robust ability for predicting os of different hcc subgroups.

Journal: Frontiers in molecular biosciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Characteristics of Nutraceutical Chewing Candy Formulations Based on Fermented Milk Permeate, Psyllium Husk, and Apple By-Products.

The aim of this study was to develop nutraceutical chewing candy (ccn) formulations based on fermented milk permeate (mp) (source of galactooligosaccharides (gos) and viable lactic acid bacteria (lab)), psyllium husk (source of desirable hydrocolloids), and apple by-products (source of phenolic compounds).For ccn preparation, gelatin (gel) and agar were tested; also, to provide ccn prepared using agar with a desirable hard texture, citric acid (cit) was changed to ascorbic acid.To select the optimal quantities of the ingredients, overall acceptability (oa) and emotions (ems) induced in consumers by different ccn formulations were evaluated.Furthermore, viable lab count during storage, texture, colour, and antioxidant characteristics were analysed.The highest oa (score 8.5) was shown for samples consisting of mp, psyllium husk (ph), apple by-products (app), cit and xylitol (xy); a very strong correlation was found between oa and the em "happy" (r= 0.907**).After 14 days of storage, gel+mp+ph+app+cit samples showed a lab count higher than 6.0 log10cfu g-1; however, better antioxidant properties were found for the ccn prepared with agar.Finally, it can be stated that fermented mp, ph, and app can be used for preparation of added-value ccn in a sustainable manner, and the recommended formulation is gel+ mp+ph+app+cit+xy.

Journal: Foods (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Sarcopenia and frailty in decompensated cirrhosis.

In patients with decompensated cirrhosis, sarcopenia and frailty are prevalent.Although several definitions exist for these terms, in the field of hepatology, sarcopenia has commonly been defined as loss of muscle mass, and frailty has been broadly defined as the phenotypic manifestation of the loss of muscle function.Prompt recognition and accurate assessment of these conditions are critical as they are both strongly associated with morbidity, mortality, poor quality of life and worse post-liver transplant outcomes in patients with cirrhosis.In this review, we describe the complex pathophysiology that underlies the clinical phenotypes of sarcopenia and frailty, their association with decompensation, and provide an overview of tools to assess these conditions in patients with cirrhosis.When available, we highlight data focusing on patients with acutely decompensated cirrhosis, such as inpatients, as this is an area of unmet clinical need.Finally, we discuss management strategies to reverse and/or prevent the development of sarcopenia and frailty, which include adequate nutritional intake of calories and protein, as well as regular exercise of at least moderate intensity, with a mix of aerobic and resistance training.Key knowledge gaps in our understanding of sarcopenia and frailty in decompensated cirrhosis remain, including best methods to measure muscle mass and function in the inpatient setting, racial/ethnic variation in the development and presentation of sarcopenia and frailty, and optimal clinical metrics to assess response to therapeutic interventions that translate into a reduction in adverse outcomes associated with these conditions.

Journal: Journal of hepatology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Review
Microglial inflammation after chronic spinal cord injury is enhanced by reactive astrocytes via the fibronectin/β1 integrin pathway.

After spinal cord injury (sci), glial scarring is mainly formed around the lesion and inhibits axon regeneration.Recently, we reported that anti-β1 integrin antibody (β1ab) had a therapeutic effect on astrocytes by preventing the induction of glial scar formation.However, the cellular components within the glial scar are not only astrocytes but also microglia, and whether or not β1ab treatment has any influence on microglia within the glial scar remains unclear.Methods to evaluate the effects of β1ab treatment on microglia within the glial scar after sci, we applied thoracic contusion sci to c57bl/6n mice, administered β1ab in the sub-acute phase, and analyzed the injured spinal cords with immunohistochemistry in the chronic phase.To examine the gene expression in microglia and glial scars, we selectively collected microglia with fluorescence-activated cell sorting and isolated the glial scars using laser-captured microdissection (lmd).To examine the interaction between microglia and astrocytes within the glial scar, we stimulated bv-2 microglia with conditioned medium of reactive astrocytes (racm) in vitro, and the gene expression of tnfα (pro-inflammatory m1 marker) was analyzed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction.We also isolated both naïve astrocytes (nas) and reactive astrocytes (ras) with lmd and examined their expression of the ligands for β1 integrin receptors.Statistical analyses were performed using wilcoxon's rank-sum test.Results after performing β1ab treatment, the microglia were scattered within the glial scar and the expression of tnfα in both the microglia and the glial scar were significantly suppressed after sci.This in vivo alteration was attributed to fibronectin, a ligand of β1 integrin receptors.Furthermore, the microglial expression of tnfα was shown to be regulated by racm as well as fibronectin in vitro.We also confirmed that fibronectin was secreted by ras both in vitro and in vivo.These results highlighted the interaction mediated by fibronectin between ras and microglia within the glial scar.Conclusion microglial inflammation was enhanced by ras via the fibronectin/β1 integrin pathway within the glial scar after sci.Our results suggested that β1ab administration had therapeutic potential for ameliorating both glial scar formation and persistent neuroinflammation in the chronic phase after sci.

Journal: Journal of neuroinflammation (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The feasibility of18F-FDG gated positron emission tomography (PET) for left ventricular dyssynchrony assessment in comparison with99mTc-MIBI gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) among patients with prior myocardial infarction.

Phase analysis by99m tc-mibi gated single-photon emission computed tomography (gspect) has been considered to be an adequate method in the validation of left ventricular (lv) dyssynchrony.Compared with gspect, prior myocardial infarction patients with myocardial perfusion defects but myocardial viability usually show preserved uptake of18f-fdg, and extensive myocardium is detected by18f-fdg gated positron emission tomography (gpet).Thus, theoretically, it should be more accurate.The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of gpet for lv dyssynchrony assessment in comparison with gspect among infarction patients.Methods a total of 146 patients with infarction underwent 2 consecutive days of gspect and gpet examinations.Quantitative gated spect-derived lv phase analysis was applied to gpet and gspect data to assess the presence of lv dyssynchrony via histogram bandwidth (bw) and phase standard deviation (sd).The correlation and agreement of bw and sd between gspect and gpet were examined.Factors (i.e., total perfusion defect, scar and mismatch) related to the discrepancies of lv dyssynchrony (i.e., bw and sd) in gpet and gspect were assessed by univariate and multivariate regression analysis.Results a moderate correlation between gpet and gspect was found in the measurements of bw (r=0.554) and sd (r=0.537).Bland-altman analysis revealed that gpet overestimated both bw and sd (20.5° and 9.5°, respectively).In addition, the bw and sd measured by gpet were still overestimated after subgroup analysis.Between gpet and gspect, multivariate regression analysis revealed that total perfusion defects were related to the difference in bw measurement (p<0.001), and mismatch was associated with the difference in sd measurement (p<0.01).Conclusions in patients with infarction, gpet moderately correlated with gspect in assessing lv dyssynchrony.Gpet overestimated both bw and sd, so these analyses should not be interchangeable in individual patients.

Journal: Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Neurophysiological Assessments During Continuous Sedation Until Death Put Validity of Observational Assessments Into Question: A Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction in case of untreatable suffering at the end of life, continuous sedation until death (csd) may be the only treatment option left.Because these patients cannot communicate anymore, caregivers have to rely on behavioral observation to assess the patient's comfort.Recently, however, a number of studies from the neurosciences have shown that sometimes consciousness and pain are undetectable with these traditional behavioral methods.The aim of this study was to find out if subjective caregiver assessments of consciousness and pain would be confirmed by objective neurophysiological measures.Methods in this prospective observational study, we observed patients from the start of palliative sedation until death.Subjective caregiver assessments of level of consciousness and pain based on behavioral observations were compared with objective measures from neurophysiological monitoring devices.Results we collected and analyzed 108 subjective caregiver assessments in a sample of 12 patients and 32 assessments by traditionally used observational scales.We compared these with objective neurophysiological measures.Sensitivity and specificity of caregivers' subjective assessments of consciousness was 23.6 and 91.1% respectively, with an accuracy of 54.0% and interrater reliability (κ) of 0.13.For pain, this was 0 and 94.79%, respectively, an accuracy of 88%, and an inter-rater reliability (κ) of - 0.063.Agreement between caregivers' subjective assessments and objective neurophysiological measures of consciousness and pain was very poor.Conclusions caregivers' subjective assessment of level of consciousness and pain during csd is unreliable compared with objective neurophysiological monitoring.Our results suggest that assessments of patient comfort during csd could have been improved substantially by including objective monitoring of level of consciousness and pain.Trial registration the protocol for this observational study has been registered retrospectively at clinical-trials.gov (id nct03273244).

Journal: Pain and therapy (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article