syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Leveraging behavioral economics and implementation science to engage patients at risk for suicide in mental health treatment: a pilot study protocol.

Primary care is an ideal setting to connect individuals at risk for suicide to follow-up care; however, only half of the patients referred from the primary care attend an initial mental health visit.We aim to develop acceptable, feasible, low-cost, and effective new strategies to increase treatment initiation among at-risk individuals identified in primary care.Methods we will conduct a multi-phase, mixed-methods study.First, we will conduct a chart review study by using administrative data, including medical records, to identify characteristics of primary care patients at risk for suicide who do or do not attend an initial mental health visit following a referral.Second, we will conduct a mixed methods study by using direct observations and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders (n = 65) to understand barriers and facilitators to mental health service initiation among at-risk individuals.Stakeholders will include patients with suicidal ideation referred from primary care who do and do not attend a first mental health visit, primary care and behavioral health providers, and individuals involved in the referral process.We also will collect preliminary self-report and behavioral data regarding potential mechanisms of behavior change (i.e., self-regulation and social support) from patients.Third, we will leverage these findings, relevant frameworks, and the extant literature to conduct a multi-arm, non-randomized feasibility trial.During this trial, we will rapidly prototype and test strategies to support attendance at initial mental health visits.Strategies will be developed with subject matter experts (n = 10) and iteratively pilot tested (~5 patients per strategy) and refined.Research will be completed in the penn integrated care program (pic), which includes fourteen primary care clinics in philadelphia that provide infrastructure for electronic referrals, patient communication, and data access.Discussion we will leverage frameworks and methods from behavioral economics and implementation science to develop strategies to increase mental health treatment initiation among individuals at risk for suicide identified in primary care.This project will lead to an evaluation of these strategies in a fully powered randomized trial and contribute to improvements in access to and engagement in mental health services for individuals at risk for suicide.Trial registration clinical trials.gov identifier: nct05021224.

Journal: Pilot and feasibility studies (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
16q22.1 microdeletion and anticipatory guidance.

The widespread availability of comparative genomic hybridization (cgh) array analysis has led to the discovery of several genomic microdeletion-associated syndromes and has identified possible genetic causes for patients with previously unexplained clinical features.We report the case of four unrelated patients who share common clinical characteristics, namely failure to thrive, developmental delay, dysmorphic features, and congenital anomalies.Cgh array analysis revealed that all four patients had a de novo microdeletion at 16q22.1.In this case report, we describe the clinical features of these patients and offer possible explanations for how their 16q22.1 microdeletion may account for their symptoms.We also suggest guidelines for the management of 16q22.1 microdeletion based on the phenotypes seen in our patients and the function of the genes affected by this microdeletion.

Journal: American journal of medical genetics. Part A (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Treated with Tocilizumab.

We describe a case of pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with sars-co v-2 (pims-ts) in an 8-year-old child.The patient developed multiorgan dysfunction, including mixed shock, cardiac dysfunction with myocarditis, pneumonia, acute kidney failure, and gastrointestinal involvement characterized by inflammation of the wall of the bowel and pancreatitis.After treatment with tocilizumab and corticoid therapy, he presented clinical improvement and normalization of inflammatory markers.Pims-ts is a new disease developed in a small percentage of patients, so a high degree of suspicion is necessary to establish the diagnosis.Supportive care is of paramount importance.The use of tocilizumab to control the inflammatory response is likely to be beneficial, but the best immunotherapeutic agent has not yet been established.Randomized clinical studies should be run to determine the best treatment.

Journal: Pediatric reports (2020)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Structural disconnection-based prediction of poststroke depression.

Poststroke depression (psd) is a common complication of stroke.Brain network disruptions caused by stroke are potential biological determinants of psd but their conclusive roles are unavailable.Our study aimed to identify the strategic structural disconnection (sdc) pattern for psd at three months poststroke and assess the predictive value of sdc information.Our prospective cohort of 697 first-ever acute ischemic stroke patients were recruited from three hospitals in central china.Sociodemographic, clinical, psychological and neuroimaging data were collected at baseline and depression status was assessed at three months poststroke.Voxel-based disconnection-symptom mapping found that sdcs involving bilateral temporal white matter and posterior corpus callosum, as well as white matter next to bilateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex, were associated with psd.This psd-specific sdc pattern was used to derive sdc scores for all participants.Sdc score was an independent predictor of psd after adjusting for all imaging and clinical-sociodemographic-psychological covariates (odds ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.07, 1.48; p = 0.006).Split-half replication showed the stability and generalizability of above results.When added to the clinical-sociodemographic-psychological prediction model, sdc score significantly improved the model performance and ranked the highest in terms of predictor importance.In conclusion, a strategic sdc pattern involving multiple lobes bilaterally is identified for psd at 3 months poststroke.The sdc score is an independent predictor of psd and may improve the predictive performance of the clinical-sociodemographic-psychological prediction model, providing new evidence for the brain-behavior mechanism and biopsychosocial theory of psd.

Journal: Translational psychiatry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Origin of vibrational features in the excitation energy transfer dynamics of perylene bisimide J-aggregates.

We investigate the role of intramolecular normal mode vibrations in the excitation energy transfer (eet) dynamics of perylene bisimide j-aggregates composed of 2 or 25 units using numerically exact methods.The calculations employ a frenkel exciton hamiltonian where the ground and excited electronic states of each molecular unit are coupled to 28 intramolecular normal mode vibrations at various temperatures.The electronic populations exhibit strong damping effects, a lengthening of the eet time scale, and complex dynamical patterns, which depend on aggregate length, temperature, as well as electronic and vibrational initial conditions and which are not additive.The early evolution is dominated by high-frequency vibrational modes, but all modes are responsible for the observed dynamics after the initial 25 fs.Overall, we observe significant changes in the electronic populations upon varying the temperature between 0 and 600 k.With a franck-condon (fc) initial excitation, a strongly coupled vibrational mode introduces new peaks to the dimer populations, which show very weak temperature sensitivity.The first of these peaks is also seen in the long aggregate, but subsequent recurrences appear strongly quenched and merged.These structures are drastically altered if a non-fc initial condition is assumed.Additional insights are obtained from the diagonal elements of the dimer electronic-vibrational reduced density matrix.We find that the vibronic peaks result from depletion of the crossing region during the early coherent evolution of the vibrational density away from the crossing point, which allows the premature back-transfer of excitation to the initially excited unit.

Journal: The Journal of chemical physics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Lipid Metabolism Interplay in CRC-An Update.

Colorectal cancer (crc) to date still ranks as one of the deadliest cancer entities globally, and despite recent advances, the incidence in young adolescents is dramatically increasing.Lipid metabolism has recently received increased attention as a crucial element for multiple aspects of carcinogenesis and our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms is steadily growing.However, the mechanism how fatty acid metabolism contributes to crc is still not understood in detail.In this review, we aim to summarize our vastly growing comprehension and the accompanied complexity of cellular fatty acid metabolism in crc by describing inputs and outputs of intracellular free fatty acid pools and how these contribute to cancer initiation, disease progression and metastasis.We highlight how different lipid pathways can contribute to the aggressiveness of tumors and affect the prognosis of patients.Furthermore, we focus on the role of lipid metabolism in cell communication and interplay within the tumor microenvironment (tme) and beyond.Understanding these interactions in depth might lead to the discovery of novel markers and new therapeutic interventions for crc.Finally, we discuss the crucial role of fatty acid metabolism as new targetable gatekeeper in colorectal cancer.

Journal: Metabolites (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the Thoracic Spine Presented Initially as an Epigastric Pain.

Non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) compromises the vast majority of lymphomas and predominantly takes on the form of b-cell lymphomas.More specifically, 30% of all newly diagnosed cases of nhl in the united states (us) are of diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (dlbcl) type, making it the most prevalent form of nhl in the us.Arising from either nodal or extra-nodal lymphatic tissue origin, dlbcl is an aggressive tumor which is fatal if left untreated.Primary central nervous system lymphoma is rare; however, when diagnosed, it presents as a dlbcl in 90% of patients.Herein, we present an elderly male complaining initially of acute epigastric pain but soon afterward developed acute spinal cord compressive symptoms; subsequently, it was found to be caused by a primary dlbcl diagnosed in the thoracic spinal cord.This case report presents a rare condition with unexpected initial presentation, and we attempt to illustrate the importance of early detection and treatment of dlbcl in attaining more favorable prognostic and survival rates among patients.Written consent was obtained from the patient after reading a written summary of the case report.This consent was checked and approved from the scientific board of the university of aleppo.

Journal: Asian journal of neurosurgery (2020)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Efficacy of Mobile phone use on adherence to Nevirapine prophylaxis and retention in care among the HIV-exposed infants in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV: a randomized controlled trial.

Hiv is a major contributor to infant mortality.A significant gap remains between the uptake of infant and maternal antiretroviral regimens and only a minority of hiv-exposed infants receives prophylaxis and safe infant feeding.Losses to follow-up of hiv-exposed infants are associated with shortcomings of facility-based pmtct models with weak community support of linkages.Use of mobile phones offers an opportunity for improving care and promoting retention assessed by timely attendance of scheduled appointments for the mother-baby pairs and achievement of an hiv-free generation.The objective of this study was to compare self-reported adherence to infant nevirapine (nvp) prophylaxis and retention in care assessed by timely attendance of scheduled appointments over 10 weeks in hiv exposed infants randomized to 2-weekly mobile phone calls (intervention) versus no phone calls (control).Methods in this open label randomized controlled study, one hundred and fifty hiv infected women drawn from 3 health facilities in western kenya and their infants were randomly assigned to receive either phone-based reminders on pmtct messages or standard health care messages (no calls) within 24 h of delivery.Women in the intervention arm continued to receive fortnightly phone calls.At 6- and 10-weeks following randomization we collected data on infant adherence to nevirapine, mode of infant feeding, early hiv testing and retention in care in both study arms.All analyses were intention to treat.Results at 6 weeks follow-up, 90.7% (n = 68) of participants receiving phone calls reported adherence to infant nvp prophylaxis, compared with 72% (n = 54) of participants in the control group (p = 0.005).Participants in the intervention arm were also significantly more likely to remain in care than participants in the control group [78.7% (n = 59) vs.58.7% (n = 44), p = 0.009 at 6 weeks and 69.3% (n = 52) vs.37.3% (n = 28), p < 0.001 at 10 weeks].Conclusions these results suggest that phone calls are potentially an important tool to improve adherence to infant nvp prophylaxis and retention in care for hiv-exposed infants.Trial registration pactr202007654729602.Registered 6 june 2018 - retrospectively registered, display.aspx?trial id=3449.

Journal: BMC pediatrics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes Associated With the Omicron Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection.

Two years into the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic, we have now seen three main variant waves.We performed a retrospective cohort study of all pregnant patients with covid-19 at our institution from march 22, 2020, to february 26, 2022, to evaluate disease severity and perinatal outcomes among the variants.Patients were categorized as pre-delta (march 22, 2020-may 31, 2021), delta (july 1, 2021-december 15, 2021), or omicron (december 16, 2021- february 26, 2022) based on variant tracking from the centers for disease control and prevention and genotype sequencing at our institution.There were fewer cases of severe-critical disease (1.8% omicron vs 13.3% pre-delta and 24.1% delta) and adverse perinatal outcomes during the omicron wave compared with the pre-delta and delta waves.

Journal: Obstetrics and gynecology (2022)
Publication types: Letter
Posttraumatic stress disorder in the World Mental Health Surveys.

Traumatic events are common globally; however, comprehensive population-based cross-national data on the epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd), the paradigmatic trauma-related mental disorder, are lacking.Methods data were analyzed from 26 population surveys in the world health organization world mental health surveys.A total of 71 083 respondents ages 18+ participated.The composite international diagnostic interview assessed exposure to traumatic events as well as 30-day, 12-month, and lifetime ptsd.Respondents were also assessed for treatment in the 12 months preceding the survey.Age of onset distributions were examined by country income level.Associations of ptsd were examined with country income, world region, and respondent demographics.Results the cross-national lifetime prevalence of ptsd was 3.9% in the total sample and 5.6% among the trauma exposed.Half of respondents with ptsd reported persistent symptoms.Treatment seeking in high-income countries (53.5%) was roughly double that in low-lower middle income (22.8%) and upper-middle income (28.7%) countries.Social disadvantage, including younger age, female sex, being unmarried, being less educated, having lower household income, and being unemployed, was associated with increased risk of lifetime ptsd among the trauma exposed.Conclusions ptsd is prevalent cross-nationally, with half of all global cases being persistent.Only half of those with severe ptsd report receiving any treatment and only a minority receive specialty mental health care.Striking disparities in ptsd treatment exist by country income level.Increasing access to effective treatment, especially in low- and middle-income countries, remains critical for reducing the population burden of ptsd.

Journal: Psychological medicine (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study
Empirical evidence for biometal dysregulation in Parkinson's disease from a systematic review and Bradford Hill analysis.

The bradford hill model evaluates the causal inference of one variable on another by assessing whether evidence of the suspected causal variable aligns with a set of nine criteria proposed by bradford hill, each representing fundamental tenets of a causal relationship.The aim of this study was to use the bradford hill model of causation to assess the level of empirical evidence supporting our hypotheses that alterations to iron and copper levels, and iron- and copper-associated proteins and genes, contribute to parkinson's disease etiology.We conducted a systematic review of all available articles published to september 2019 in four online databases.8437 articles matching search criteria were screened for pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.181 studies met study criteria and were subsequently evaluated for study quality using established quality assessment tools.Studies meeting criteria for moderate to high quality of study design (n = 155) were analyzed according to the bradford hill model of causation.Evidence from studies considered of high quality (n = 73) supported a causal role for iron dysregulation in parkinson's disease.A causal role for copper dysregulation in parkinson's disease was also supported by high quality studies, although substantially fewer studies investigated copper in this disorder (n = 25) compared with iron.The available evidence supports an etiological role for iron and copper dysregulation in parkinson's disease, substantiating current clinical trials of therapeutic interventions targeting alterations in brain levels of these metals in parkinson's disease.

Journal: NPJ Parkinson's disease (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
A combined treatment with selective androgen and estrogen receptor modulators prevents bone loss in orchiectomized rats.

Enobosarm (en), a selective androgen receptor modulator and raloxifene (ral), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, have been shown to improve bone tissue in osteoporotic males.The present study evaluated the effects of a combination therapy of en and ral on bone properties in orchiectomized rats compared to the respective single treatments.Methods eight-month-old male sprague-dawley rats were either left intact (non-orx) or orchiectomized (orx).The orx rats were divided into four groups (n = 15 each): 1) orx, 2) en treatment (orx + en), 3) ral treatment (orx + ral), 4) combined treatment (orx + en + ral).En and ral (0.4 mg and 7 mg/kg body weight/day) were applied immediately after orx with a soy-free pelleted diet for up to 18 weeks.The lumbar spine and femora were examined by micro-ct, biomechanical, histomorphological, ashing, and gene expression analyses.Results en exhibited an anabolic effect on bone, improving some of its parameters in orx rats, but did not affect biomechanical properties.Ral exhibited antiresorptive activity, maintaining the biomechanical and trabecular parameters of orx rats at the levels of non-orx rats.En + ral exerted a stronger effect than the single treatments, improving most of the bone parameters.Liver weight increased after all treatments; the kidney, prostate, and levator ani muscle weights increased after en and en + ral treatments.Bw was reduced due to a decreased food intake in the orx + ral group and due a reduced visceral fat weight in the orx + en + ral group.Conclusion the en + ral treatment appeared to be promising in preventing male osteoporosis, but given the observed side effects on liver, kidney, and prostate weights, it requires further investigation.

Journal: Journal of endocrinological investigation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Associations of Greenness, Parks, and Blue Space With Neurodegenerative Disease Hospitalizations Among Older US Adults.

Importance exposure to natural environments has been associated with health outcomes related to neurological diseases.However, the few studies that have examined associations of natural environments with neurological diseases report mixed findings.Objective to evaluate associations of natural environments with hospital admissions for alzheimer disease and related dementias (adrd) and parkinson disease (pd) among older adults in the us.Design, setting, and participants this open cohort study included fee-for-service medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older who lived in the contiguous us from january 1, 2000, to december 31, 2016.Beneficiaries entered the cohort on january 1, 2000, or january 1 of the year after enrollment.Data from us medicare enrollment and medicare provider analysis and review files, which contain information about individual-level covariates and all hospital admissions for medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, were analyzed between january 2021 and september 2022.Exposures differences in iqrs for zip code-level greenness (normalized difference vegetation index [ndvi]), percentage park cover, and percentage blue space cover (surface water; ≥1.0% vs <1.0%).Main outcomes and measures the main outcome was first hospitalizations with a primary or secondary discharge diagnosis of adrd or pd.To examine associations of exposures to natural environments with adrd and pd hospitalization, we used cox-equivalent poisson models.Results we included 61 662 472 and 61 673 367 medicare beneficiaries in the adrd and pd cohorts, respectively.For both cohorts, 55.2% of beneficiaries were women.Most beneficiaries in both cohorts were white (84.4%), were not eligible for medicaid (87.6%), and were aged 65 to 74 years (76.6%) at study entry.We observed 7 737 609 and 1 168 940 first adrd and pd hospitalizations, respectively.After adjustment for potential individual- and area-level confounders (eg, medicaid eligibility and zip code-level median household income), ndvi was negatively associated with adrd hospitalization (hazard ratio [hr], 0.95 [95% ci, 0.94-0.96], per iqr increase).We found no evidence of an association of percentage park and blue space cover with adrd hospitalization.In contrast, ndvi (hr, 0.94 [95% ci, 0.93-0.95], per iqr increase), percentage park cover (hr, 0.97 [95% ci, 0.97-0.98], per iqr increase), and blue space cover (hr, 0.97 [95% ci, 0.96-0.98], ≥1.0% vs <1.0%) were associated with a decrease in pd hospitalizations.Patterns of effect modification by demographics differed between exposures.Conclusions and relevance the findings of this cohort study suggest that some natural environments are associated with a decreased risk of adrd and pd hospitalization.

Journal: JAMA network open (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural