syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Waivers of parental consent for sexual minority youth.

The society for adolescent health and medicine emphasizes the need for research to focus on the health outcomes of sexual minority youth (i.e., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer).However, sexual minority youth (smy) are often less willing to participate in research studies where parental consent is required due to potential victimization and discrimination.This is a major concern given that more research is needed to understand the health needs of this population, especially in terms of suicide, substance use, and hiv prevention.The national suicide prevention strategy classifies smy as a high-risk group, emphasizing the need to explore suicide risks (along with other health outcomes) among this group.However, this high-risk classification also increases the safeguards necessary to conduct research with this population.Many researchers have argued for waivers of parental consent, but such waivers present with several ethical implications.This article discusses ethical principles, risks, benefits, safeguards, and potential alternative approaches to waivers of parental consent for smy.We conclude by emphasizing the need for policy changes to allow parental consent waivers for research targeting smy.

Journal: Accountability in research (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Thermal Detection of Glucose in Urine Using a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer as a Recognition Element.

Glucose bio-sensing technologies have received increasing attention in the last few decades, primarily due to the fundamental role that glucose metabolism plays in diseases (e.g., diabetes).Molecularly imprinted polymers (mips) could offer an alternative means of analysis to a field that is traditionally dominated by enzyme-based devices, posing superior chemical stability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of fabrication.Their integration into sensing devices as recognition elements has been extensively studied with different readout methods such as quartz-crystal microbalance or impedance spectroscopy.In this work, a dummy imprinting approach is introduced, describing the synthesis and optimization of a mip toward the sensing of glucose.Integration of this polymer into a thermally conductive receptor layer was achieved by micro-contact deposition.In essence, the mip particles are pressed into a polyvinyl chloride adhesive layer using a polydimethylsiloxane stamp.The prepared layer is then evaluated with the so-called heat-transfer method, allowing the determination of the specificity and the sensitivity of the receptor layer.Furthermore, the selectivity was assessed by analyzing the thermal response after infusion with increasing concentrations of different saccharide analogues in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs).The obtained results show a linear range of the sensor of 0.0194-0.3300 m m for the detection of glucose in pbs.Finally, a potential application of the sensor was demonstrated by exposing the receptor layer to increasing concentrations of glucose in human urine samples, demonstrating a linear range of 0.0444-0.3300 m m.The results obtained in this paper highlight the applicability of the sensor both in terms of non-invasive glucose monitoring and for the analysis of food samples.

Journal: ACS sensors (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Eriodictyon angustifolium extract, but not Eriodictyon californicum extract, reduces human hair greying.

Yerba santa (eriodictyon angustifolium and eriodictyon californicum) has been used for many years in traditional medicine.However, the effect of yerba santa on melanogenesis has not yet been investigated.We aimed to assess the biological effects of yerba santa on hair pigmentation.Methods yerba santa extracts were assessed for their cytological effects following x-ray irradiation treatment and then tested directly for the prevention of human hair greying.Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (uplc) was utilized to identify the individual extract components.Results eriodictyon angustifolium extract significantly increased melanin synthesis in the melanoma cell line through activation of the wnt/mitf/tyrosinase-signalling pathway.In contrast, e.Californicum had no effect on melanin synthesis.E.Angustifolium extract also demonstrated a protective effect against the damage induced by x-ray irradiation in human keratinocytes.Application of the extracts to subjects who had grey beards demonstrated a reduced number of grey beard hair per year specifically with the e.Angustifolium extract.A significant decrease in grey head hair was also observed after application of e.Angustifolium extract.Upregulation of gene expression related to melanin production and wnt signalling was observed after the application of e.Angustifolium extract.Sterubin was the most abundant flavonoid detected by uplc in e.Angustifolium extract.In addition, sterubin showed the highest difference in terms of quantity, between e.Angustifolium and e.Californicum extract.Conclusion eriodictyon angustifolium extract, which is abundant in sterubin, may be suitable as a potential cosmetic and medical agent for the prevention and improvement of hair greying.

Journal: International journal of cosmetic science (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
On the fluorescence enhancement of arch neuronal optogenetic reporters.

The lack of a theory capable of connecting the amino acid sequence of a light-absorbing protein with its fluorescence brightness is hampering the development of tools for understanding neuronal communications.Here we demonstrate that a theory can be established by constructing quantum chemical models of a set of archaerhodopsin reporters in their electronically excited state.We found that the experimentally observed increase in fluorescence quantum yield is proportional to the computed decrease in energy difference between the fluorescent state and a nearby photoisomerization channel leading to an exotic diradical of the protein chromophore.This finding will ultimately support the development of technologies for searching novel fluorescent rhodopsin variants and unveil electrostatic changes that make light emission brighter and brighter.

Journal: Nature communications (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Intravitreal Bevacizumab Alone Versus Intravitreal Bevacizumab In Combination With Focal Macular Photocoagulation In Diabetic Macular Oedema.

To compare the mean best corrected visual acuity (bcva) between intravitreal bevacizumab (ivb) and combination treatment bevacizumab and focal macular photocoagulation (fmp) for diabetic macular oedema (dme).Methods it is a randomized control trial conducted at department of ophthalmology at institute of ophthalmology, liaquat university of medical and health sciences, jamshoro from 1st november 2019 to 31st october 2020, in which 260 patients between the ages of 40 to 75 years, with dme were included.While patients with macular oedema secondary to other causes than diabetic retinopathy, presence of vitreomacular traction, aphakic patients, history of glaucoma or who had received pan-retinal photocoagulation, ivb, triamcinolone within 12 months, patients with history of stroke or cardiac disease, patients with media opacities such as corneal opacities were also excluded from the study.Two hundred sixty (260) patients were divided in two groups.Group a has 130 patients and they were treated with ivb alone.Group b also included 130, and they were treated with combination of ivb+fmp.The patients were followed-up monthly for 3 months and bcva was checked at the end of 3 months.Results patients in group b showed superior visual outcome, when they were treated with ivb+fmc as compared to patients in group a who received ivb alone.Conclusions combination treatment of ivb+fmp is an effective treatment option for diabetic macular oedema as compared to ivb alone with better mean visual outcome.

Journal: Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Probabilistic exposure assessment of DEEDMAC using measured effluent and sludge concentrations from 41 wastewater treatment plants across the United States.

The cationic surfactant diethyldialkylester dimethyl ammonium chloride (deedmac) is an active ingredient in liquid fabric softeners and, as such, is disposed of down the drain after consumer use.A monitoring program was conducted across the continental united states to measure the concentration of deedmac in the effluent and sludge from 41 wastewater treatment plants (wwtps).The concentration in the effluent ranged from 32.4 to 2660ng/l, with a mean and standard deviation of 232±450ng/l.The concentration in the sludge ranged from 0.707 to 314mg/kg dw, with a mean and standard deviation of 29.2±50mg/kg dw.The distribution of measured effluent concentrations was combined with a distribution of mixing zone dilutions factors to predict the distribution of deedmac concentrations in mixing zones and sediments under mean flow and 10-year, 7 consecutive day lowest flow (7q10 low flow) conditions.Additionally, the distribution of measured sludge concentrations was combined with a distribution of land applied sludge volumes and us tilling practices to obtain a predicted distribution of deedmac concentrations in sludge amended soils.The 90th percentile concentrations of deedmac in mixing zones and sediments under mean flow conditions was 10.3ng/l and 451ng/kg, respectively.The 90th percentile concentration in sludge amended soils was 1.92mg/kg.These predicted exposure concentrations were compared to published eco-toxicity data and showed that deedmac has a wide margin of safety and poses negligible ecologic risk to aquatic, sediment, or terrestrial compartments.

Journal: The Science of the total environment (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Ir-Catalyzed Chemoselective Reductive Condensation Reactions of Tertiary Amides with Active Methylene Compounds.

The catalytic reductive condensation reactions of tertiary amides with active methylene compounds leading to multifunctionalized non-n-containing products is described.The reactions proceed through sequential iridium-catalyzed hydrosilylation of the amides followed by acid-mediated condensation with the active methylene compounds.This scalable method is broad in scope and shows remarkable chemoselectivity for the amide group in the presence of several sensitive or even more reactive functionalities such as ester, cyano, nitro, silyl dienol ether, and ketone.

Journal: Organic letters (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Insights on the molecular targets of cardiotoxicity induced by anticancer drugs: A systematic review based on proteomic findings.

Several anticancer agents have been associated with cardiac toxic effects.The currently proposed mechanisms to explain cardiotoxicity differ among anticancer agents, but in fact, the specific modulation is not completely elucidated.Thus, this systematic review aims to provide an integrative perspective of the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of anticancer agents on heart muscle while using a high-throughput technology, mass spectrometry (ms)-based proteomics.A literature search using pub med database led to the selection of 27 studies, of which 13 reported results exclusively on animal models, 13 on cardiomyocyte-derived cell lines and only one included both animal and a cardiomyocyte line.The reported anticancer agents were the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib, the anthracyclines daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin, the antimicrotubule agent docetaxel, the alkylating agent melphalan, the anthracenedione mitoxantrone, the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tkis) erlotinib, lapatinib, sorafenib and sunitinib, and the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab.Regarding the ms-based proteomic approaches, electrophoretic separation using two-dimensional (2d) gels coupled with tandem ms (ms/ms) and liquid chromatography-ms/ms (lc-ms/ms) were the most common.Overall, the studies highlighted 1826 differentially expressed proteins across 116 biological processes.Most of them were grouped in larger processes and critically analyzed in the present review.The selection of studies using proteomics on heart muscle allowed to obtain information about the anticancer therapy-induced modulation of numerous proteins in this tissue and to establish connections that have been disregarded in other studies.This systematic review provides interesting points for a comprehensive understanding of the cellular cardiotoxicity mechanisms of different anticancer drugs.

Journal: Metabolism: clinical and experimental (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Systematic Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
From the West Indies to Africa: A universal generational decline in health among blacks in the United States.

Research shows that foreign-born blacks have better health profiles than their u.s.-born counterparts.Less is known, however, regarding whether black immigrants' favorable health outcomes persist across generations or whether these patterns differ across the diverse sending regions for black immigrants.In this study, we use data from the 1996-2014 waves of the march current population survey (cps) to investigate generational differences in self-rated health among blacks with west indian, haitian, latin american, and african ancestry.We show that first-generation black immigrants have a lower probability of reporting fair/poor health than third/higher generation blacks.The health advantage of the first generation over the third/higher generation is slightly more prounced among the foreign-born who migrated to the united states after age 13.Second-generation immigrants with two foreign-born parents are generally less likely to report their health as fair/poor than the third/higher generation.However, we find no evidence that self-reported fair/poor health varies between second-generation immigrants with mixed nativity parents (only one foreign-born parent) and the third/higher generation.These general patterns hold across each of the ancestral subgroups in the study sample.In summary, our findings highlight a remarkable convergence in health across immigrant generations among blacks in the united states.

Journal: Social science research (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Improved survival in metastatic breast cancer: results from a 20-year study involving 1033 women treated at a single comprehensive cancer center.

Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer have changed profoundly over the past 25 years.The outcome improved dramatically and was well quantified for early stage breast cancer (ebc).However, progress in the treatment of metastatic disease has been less convincingly demonstrated.We have studied survival data of patients with metastatic breast cancer (mbc) from a large academic cancer center over a period of 20 years.Methods data from 1033 consecutive mbc patients who were treated at the department of medical oncology of the west german cancer center from january 1990 to december 2009 were retrospectively analyzed for overall survival (os) and risk factors.Patients were grouped in 5-year cohorts, and survival parameters of each cohort were compared before and after adjustment for risk factors.Results overall survival of patients with mbc treated at specialized center has significantly improved from 1990 to 2010 (hazard ratio 0.7, 95%ci 0.58-0.84).The increments in os have become less profound over time (median os 1990-1994: 24.2 months, 1995-1999: 29.6 months, 2000-2004: 36.5 months, 2005-2009: 37.8 months).Conclusion survival of patients with mbc has improved between 1990 and 2004, but less from 2005 to 2009.Either this suggests an unnoticed shift in the patient population, or a lesser impact of therapeutic innovations introduced in the most recent period.

Journal: Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Examining the relationship between changes in personality and depression in older adult cancer survivors.

S:despite widespread agreement that personality traits change across the lifespan into older adulthood, the association between changes in personality and depression among older adult cancer survivors is unknown.It was hypothesized that older adults with (vs.Without) a past cancer diagnosis would experience an increase in neuroticism, and decreases in conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, and extraversion, and that changes in these traits would mediate the relationship between receiving a cancer diagnosis and change in depression.Two hypotheses were tested in a cancer survivor sample.First, that increased chronic stressors and decreased physical health would mediate the link between personality change and increased depression.Second, that personality change would mediate the link between changes in chronic stressors/health and increased depression.method:secondary data analysis utilizing three waves of data from the health and retirement study.Data was compiled from 5,217 participants, among whom 707 received a cancer diagnosis.results:older adults with (vs.Without) a cancer diagnosis decreased in conscientiousness, which was associated with increased depression.Among cancer survivors, worsening chronic stressors/health mediated many pathways between personality change and an increased depression.Increased neuroticism mediated the link between worsening health/chronic stressors and increased depression.conclusion:with the exception of conscientiousness, changes in personality did not mediate the link between cancer survivor status and depression.Among older adult cancer survivors, changes in personality traits may increase depression through worsening physical health and chronic stressors, potentially informing targeted interventions.Interventions that target increased neuroticism may be particularly useful in older adult cancer survivors.

Journal: Aging & mental health (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Exploration of Morbidity in a Serial Study of Long-Term Brain Tumor Survivors: A Focus on Pain.

Children surviving brain tumors are frequently identified as having substantially decreased health-related quality of life (hrql) in cross-sectional studies.This study explored the hrql of a cohort of such survivors, who were recruited as adolescents and followed for a decade, in order to determine the trajectory of their morbidities.Method children diagnosed between january 1, 1985, and december 31, 1998, more than 2 years from diagnosis (n = 40), were recruited in 2000/2001 (t1) aged 16.74 ± 4.23 years.Health utilities index questionnaires (hui2/3) were completed in 2000/2001 and again at 5 years (t2) and 10 years (t3), with 37 and 25 participants then aged 21.54 ± 4.29 and 27.97 ± 4.07 years, respectively.In addition to study subjects, parental proxies completed questionnaires at t1 and t2, while study subjects selected proxies at t3.Single attributes (domains/dimensions) of hrql and details of pain were analyzed.Results cognition was the attribute compromised most often (t1 = 66.7% of participants, t2 = 62.2%, t3 = 60.0%).Pain was also reported frequently (t1 = 35%, t2 = 25%, t3 = 52%), and at t3 correlated moderately with hui2 sensation (0.77) and hui3 vision (0.44), speech (0.51), and ambulation (0.50).The lower median utility score for pain at t3 than at t1/t2 was a clinically important difference.Severe pain was identified in the lower extremities, back, upper extremities, and abdomen.Morbidity was observed also in emotion (worry hui2 and unhappiness hui3), sensation, and vision.Conclusion decreased hrql in survivors of brain tumors in childhood is multifaceted.Pain is a prominent burden, along with morbidity in cognition, emotion, sensation, and vision.Further studies should explore pain and neurologic deficits, and potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention.

Journal: Journal of adolescent and young adult oncology (2015)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Matrix-filler interactions and solvent sorption features of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) embedded ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA)-millable polyurethane (MPU) blends.

We report the solvent sorption features and matrix filler interactions of nanohydroxyapatite (n ha) embedded ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (eva)-millable polyurethane (mpu) blends, using toluene, xylene, and t-butylacetate as probe molecules.The eva/mpu blends were initially loaded with different quantities of n-ha, and the interfacial interactions were evaluated through ftir and xrd techniques.The modulation of solvent resistance was subsequently examined in terms of filler loading, temperature and molar volume of the probes.With an increase in the amount of n ha, the solvent resistance of the matrix has been found to be enhanced, with the mechanism of transport regularly deviating from the conventional fickian mode normally followed by elastomer matrices.The flory-rehner equation was employed to compute the molecular mass between crosslinks (mc) and the crosslink density (γ).The observed enhancement in the crosslink density and the degree of reinforcement has been attributed to the increased polar-polar interactions after n ha loading into the matrix.The experimentally obtained values of mchave been compared with phantom and affine models, to identify the type of deformation happening under solvent stress.The reinforcement effect within the matrix, as a function of filler loading, has been verified by using the kraus equation.The swelling resistance of the composites has also been verified in biological fluids in view of the possible biofield applications of the composites.

Journal: Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Differences in working memory coding of biological motion attributed to oneself and others.

The question how the brain distinguishes between information about self and others is of fundamental interest to both philosophy and neuroscience.In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (f mri) study, we sought to distinguish the neural substrates of representing a full-body movement as one's movement and as someone else's movement.Participants performed a delayed match-to-sample working memory task where a retained full-body movement (displayed using point-light walkers) was arbitrarily labeled as one's own movement or as performed by someone else.By using arbitrary associations we aimed to address a limitation of previous studies, namely that our own movements are more familiar to us than movements of other people.A searchlight multivariate decoding analysis was used to test where information about types of movement and about self-association was coded.Movement specific activation patterns were found in a network of regions also involved in perceptual processing of movement stimuli, however not in early sensory regions.Information about whether a memorized movement was associated with the self or with another person was found to be coded by activity in the left middle frontal gyrus (mfg), left inferior frontal gyrus (ifg), bilateral supplementary motor area, and (at reduced threshold) in the left temporoparietal junction (tpj).These areas are frequently reported as involved in action understanding (ifg, mfg) and domain-general self/other distinction (tpj).Finally, in univariate analysis we found that selecting a self-associated movement for retention was related to increased activity in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex.

Journal: Human brain mapping (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't