syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Impact of cognitive behavioural play therapy on social anxiety among school children with stuttering deficit: A cluster randomised trial with three months follow-up.

Stuttering is a speech deficit which is characterized by obstruction of speech eloquence and verbal expression in addition to involuntary flow of air during communication.School children with communication deficit often experience social anxiety in their immediate environment.Currently, reports show that a good number of children with communication deficits are prone to social maladjustment due to their being socially inept.And this has significantly affected their thought pattern, social behaviours and emotional responses.In view of this, we examined the impact of cognitive behavioural play therapy in reducing social anxiety among school children with stuttering.Method this is a pretest-posttest randomized control group design.Participants were 178schoolchildren in inclusive schools in south east nigeria.Participants in the intervention group were treated using cognitive behavioural play therapy programme (cbpt).Participants in the waitlist control group were only assessed at three points of assessment.Data analyses were completed using repeated measures anova.Results the results show that cognitive behavioural play therapy is beneficial in decreasing schoolchildren's social anxiety scores.The intervention equally showed the considerable impacts on the children when exposed to cognitive behavioural play programme at different times of assessment compared to waitlisted control group.Conclusion it is concluded that cbpt is a long-term psychotherapeutic programme that has significant impacts in reducing social anxiety among children with stuttering.This study makes a leading contribution on the limited scholarship focusing on the impact of cbpt on social anxiety of special population with stuttering deficits in developing countries.

Journal: Medicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Online News Coverage of COVID-19 Long Haul Symptoms.

A number of the people who have recovered from the acute effects of covid-19 are facing long term sequelae from the infection.As the covid-19 pandemic is still evolving, so is knowledge of the long-term effects of the virus on patients who still experience symptoms.Clearly, news media play a crucial role in distributing information and this distribution of information can, in turn, influence the actions of the public.The purpose of this study was to describe the content of news coverage of covid-19 long haul symptoms currently posted on the internet.This study utilized google news, a news aggregator service, and included the first 100 english language pieces of news.Video content and news article content were coded in depth for information on covid-19 long haul symptoms.A total of 41% of news reports mentioned the length of time that the covid-19 related symptoms persist.The length of time was reported to range from 1 month to more than 1 year.The symptom most commonly mentioned was tiredness or fatigue (74%), followed by difficulty breathing or shortness of breath (62 cases; 62%), and difficulty thinking or concentrating (50 cases; 50%).Other symptoms were mentioned less frequently.There were no statistically significant differences in any of the content including having video, written news reports, or both video and written news reports by source of the news reports based on consumer, professional, or television or internet-based news (p = .14).More complete coverage by online news media of the long-term effects of covid-19 enhances public awareness of the post-acute syndromes, augments health providers' awareness of the range of chronic covid-19 effects and the possibility of a second infection, increases the probability of patients' seeking and obtaining the proper care for their symptoms, and contributes to preventive actions for enhancing public health.

Journal: Journal of community health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Trait-dependent tolerance of bats to urbanization: a global meta-analysis.

Urbanization is a severe threat to global biodiversity, often leading to taxonomic and functional homogenization.However, current urban ecology research has focused mostly on urban birds and plants, limiting our ability to make generalizations about the drivers of urban biodiversity globally.To address this gap, we conducted a global meta-analysis of 87 studies, including 180 bat species (chiroptera) from urban areas in asia, australia, europe, north and south america.We aimed to (i) understand the importance of functional traits and phylogeny in driving changes in urban bat assemblages, and (ii) assess the capacity of traits for predicting which types of species are most sensitive to urbanization.Our results indicate that species-specific functional traits explain differences in the intensity of urban habitat use.Urban tolerance mainly occurred within the open and edge space foraging and trawling species as well as in bats with flexible roosting strategies.In addition, across bioregions and independent of phylogeny, urban tolerance correlated with higher aspect ratio, a trait enabling fast flight but less agile manoeuvres during aerial food acquisition.Predictive success varied between bioregions, between 43 and 83%.Our analysis demonstrates that the local extinction of bat species in urban areas is non-random, trait-based and predictable, allowing urban landscape managers to tailor local conservation actions to particular types of species.

Journal: Proceedings. Biological sciences (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Management of functional neurological disorder.

Functional neurological disorder (fnd) is a common cause of persistent and disabling neurological symptoms.These symptoms are varied and include abnormal control of movement, episodes of altered awareness resembling epileptic seizures and abnormal sensation and are often comorbid with chronic pain, fatigue and cognitive symptoms.There is increasing evidence for the role of neurologists in both the assessment and management of fnd.The aim of this review is to discuss strategies for the management of fnd by focusing on the diagnostic discussion and general principles, as well as specific treatment strategies for various fnd symptoms, highlighting the role of the neurologist and proposing a structure for an interdisciplinary fnd service.

Journal: Journal of neurology (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) alters transcriptional profiles, lipid metabolism and behavior in zebrafish larvae.

Plasticizers are commonly used in different consumer goods and personal care products to provide flexibility, durability and elasticity to polymers.Due to their reported toxicity, the use of several plasticizers, including phthalates has been regulated and/or banned from the market.Di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (dinch) is an alternative plasticizer that was introduced to replace toxic plasticizers.Increasing global demand and lack of toxicity data and safety assessment of dinch have raised the concern to human and animal health.Hence, in the present study, we investigated the adverse effects of dinch (at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10 μm) in early developmental stages of zebrafish using different endpoints such as hatching rate, developmental abnormalities, lipid content, behavior analysis and gene expression.We found that dinch caused hatching delay in a dose-dependent manner and altered the expression of genes involved in stress response.Lipid staining using oil red o stain showed a slight lipid accumulation around the yolk, brain, eye and neck with increasing concentration.Genes associated with lipid transport such as fatty acid synthesis, β-oxidation, elongation, lipid transport were significantly altered by dinch.Genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and homeostasis were also affected by dinch indicating possible developmental neurotoxicity.Behavioral analysis of larvae demonstrated a distinct locomotor activity upon exposure to dinch.The present data shows that dinch could induce physiological and metabolic toxicity to aquatic organisms.Hence, further analyses and environmental monitoring of dinch should be conducted to determine its safety and toxicity levels.

Journal: Heliyon (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Diagnostic pitfall in a large cell lung cancer with testicular metastasis synchronous malignant pleural mesothelioma patient: A case report.

Large cell lung cancer metastases to the testis are scarce, although it is the most common malignancy and the most common site of metastases for breast, colorectal and kidney cancers.We hereby report a 28-year-old male patient admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of scrotal enlargement, accompanied by chest pain and progressive dyspnea.The definite diagnosis was malignant pleural mesothelioma with the synchronous occurrence of large cell lung cancer with testicular metastasis.Sophisticated clinical manifestation of symptoms led to a time-consuming diagnosis, while the patient's condition deteriorated rapidly.Herein, we present this case to share our hard-learnt experience to increase clinician awareness and contribute to the information in the literature.

Journal: Thoracic cancer (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Journal Article
Outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation in Eyes with Pediatric Keratoplasty.

This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ahmed glaucoma valve (agv) (new world medical inc.) implantation in eyes with pediatric keratoplasty and glaucoma.Design retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series.Participants twenty-eight eyes of 25 children who underwent agv after penetrating keratoplasty (pk) in 22 eyes and descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (dsek) in 6 eyes were included.Methods children (age ≤ 16 years) treated with agv implant after keratoplasty from 2008 to 2019 with documented 6 months follow-up operated by a single surgeon were included.Main outcome measures the primary outcome measure was agv survival (intraocular pressure [iop] between 6 and 21 mm hg with or without topical anti-glaucoma medications [agms]), and the secondary outcome measure was corneal graft survival.Results the mean age (± standard deviation) of patients at agv surgery was 4.8 ± 0.7 years.The mean follow-up after agv was 3.4 ± 0.5 years.The mean iop decreased significantly from 31.5 ± 2.0 mm hg to 21.1 ± 2.3 mm hg at 6 months postsurgery (p 0.04 with bonferroni correction).The cumulative survival probability of agv was 92.9% ± 4.9% at 1 year and 81.3% ± 11.7% at 5 years.The agv success was comparable between pk and dsek eyes (p = 0.73).The cumulative probability of graft survival was 96.2% ± 3.8% at 1 year and 77.8% ± 9.1% at 5 years.The graft survival was also comparable between pk and dsek eyes (p = 0.18).One eye needed tube trimming; none had tube or implant exposure.The major complication noted was corneal graft infection in 8 eyes (28.5%).Conclusions in this cohort, the long-term agv success and graft survival outcomes are satisfactory considering that agv was performed in complex eyes with keratoplasty.

Journal: Ophthalmology. Glaucoma (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Direct and Latent Effects of Pathogen Exposure Across Native and Invasive Amphibian Life Stages.

Emerging infectious diseases are one of the multiple factors contributing to the current "biodiversity crisis".As part of the worldwide biodiversity crisis, amphibian populations are declining globally.Chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease, caused by the fungal pathogen batrachochytrium dendrobatidis(bd), is a major cause of amphibian population declines.This fungus primarily affects keratinized structures in larval, juvenile, and adult amphibians as well as heart function.However, we know little about how bdcan impact embryos as well as potential latent effects of bdexposure over ontogeny.Using two different bdstrains and multiple exposure times, we examined the effects of bdexposure in pacific chorus frog (pseudacris regilla), western toad (anaxyrus boreas) and american bullfrog (lithobates catesbeianus) life stages.Using a factorial experimental design, embryos of these three species were exposed to bdat early and late embryonic stages, with some individuals re-exposed after hatching.Embryonic bdexposure resulted in differential survival as a function of host species,bdstrain and timing of exposure.p.Regillaexperienced embryonic mortality when exposed during later developmental stages to one bdstrain.There were no differences across the treatments in embryonic mortality of a.Boreasand embryonic mortality of l.Catesbeianusoccurred in all bdexposure treatments.We detected latent effects in a.Boreasand l.Catesbeianuslarvae, as mortality increased when individuals had been exposed to any of the bdstrains during the embryonic stage.We also detected direct effects on larval mortality in all three anuran species as a function of bdstrain, and when individuals were double exposed (late in the embryonic stage and again as larvae).Our results suggest that exposure to bdcan directly affect embryo survival and has direct and latent effects on larvae survival of both native and invasive species.However, these impacts were highly context dependent, with timing of exposure and bdstrain influencing the severity of the effects.

Journal: Frontiers in veterinary science (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Discrimination and sleep among Asians and Pacific Islanders adults.

Study objectives to examine the association between discrimination and sleep duration and difficulty among asians and pacific islanders (apis) in the united states, and to test nativity and ethnic identity (ei) as effect modifiers.Methods this cross-sectional study of 1,765 adults from the national epidemiology study of alcohol and related conditions iii, assessed discrimination using the experiences of discrimination scale.Discrimimation was classified as low, moderate, and high.Regression models were used to examine self-reported sleep duration and difficulty.Results in bivariate analyses, individuals with high discrimination had the shortest sleep and reported sleep difficulty most often.Using linear models adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, moderate and high discrimination were associated with 9 min (standard error [se]: 4.8, p < .10) and 14.4 min (se: 6.0, p < .05) less sleep, respectively, relative to low discrimination.Individuals with moderate and high discrimination had higher prevalence of sleep difficulty compared to those with low discrimination (prevalence ratio [pr]: 1.51, 95% confidence interval [ci]: 1.14-1.99 and pr: 1.73, 95% ci: 1.33-2.24, respectively).Interaction effect was observed in sleep difficulty by nativity and ei, but not duration.The association between discrimination and sleep difficulty was stronger among u.s.-born relative to foreign-born participants.Among participants with low ei, moderate and high discrimination were associated with sleep difficulty, whereas among those with high ei, only high discrimination displayed this association.Conclusions discrimination is associated with sleep duration and difficulty, and varies by nativity and ei.Research is needed to improve sleep among apis that experience discrimination.

Journal: Sleep (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Technologies for Size-Based Analysis of Circulating Cell-Free DNA: Limitations and Clinical Implementation.

Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide, and incidence is likely to rise in the next decade.The current screening options have limitations and have been shown to result in over-treatment of clinically insignificant disease.New biomarkers and technologies to detect them are therefore needed to better diagnose and stratify patients in primary care.Circulating cell-free dna (ccf dna) has gained interest as a potential minimally invasive biomarker, detectable in many bodily fluids (such as blood, urine, and cerebral spinal fluid) and reflecting the mutational landscape in tumors.More recently, the size distribution of ccf dna fragments has also gained interest as a specific biomarker, where differences in size distribution have been observed between healthy volunteers and cancer patients, resulting in the new field of fragmentomics.Analysis of ccf dna sizes provides avenues for alternative analytical technologies but commercial options are currently limited.Most focus on mutation detection and are subject to several biases that may affect size distribution.Here, we discuss the available technologies and identify major issues and considerations that may affect their implementation as a clinically useful test based on ccf dna size profiling.

Journal: Critical reviews in oncogenesis (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Ultrafast electro-optical disk modulators for logic, communications, optical repeaters, and wavelength converters.

We propose a u-shaped pn junction in a silicon-on-insulator microdisk resonator to effectively double the junction-mode overlap in the state-of-the-art, vertical pn junction microdisk electro-optical (eo) modulators.The u-shaped pn junction promotes the maximum overlap between the junction depletion zone and the whispering gallery optical mode in the microdisk.By fully depleting the p region of the npn-sequenced u-junction, the capacitance is reduced below 3 f f, which significantly improves the speed and power performance.In this work, we implement the high-efficiency, depleted u-junction design to maximize the operating bandwidth of eo modulators, eo logic elements, eo 2 × 2 switches for wavelength-division cross-connects, 2 × 2 reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers, optical-to-electrical-to-optical (oeo) repeaters-with-gain, oeo wavelength converters, and 2 × 2 optical-optical logic gates.These devices all operate in the 7.6-to-50 ghz bandwidth range with ultralow energy consumption between 0.4 and 9.8 f j/bit.By using cmos-compatible materials and fabrication-feasible design dimensions, our proposed high-performance devices offer a promising potential in next-generation, high-volume electro-optical communications and computing circuits.

Journal: Optics express (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Development of a caffeic acid-phthalimide hybrid compound for NADPH oxidase inhibition.

Nadph oxidases are pharmacological targets for the treatment of inflammation-based diseases.This work presents the synthesis and study of a caffeic acid/phthalimide hybrid compound (c2) as a potential inhibitor of nadph oxidases.Throughout the study, we have compared compound c2 with its precursor caffeic acid (c1).The redox properties were compared using three different antioxidant methodologies and showed that c2 was slightly less effective than c1, a well-established and robust antioxidant.However, c2 was three-fold more effective than albumin (used as a model protein).This chemical feature was decisive for the higher efficiency of c2 as an inhibitor of the release of superoxide anions by stimulated neutrophils and enzymatic activity of cell-free nadph oxidase.Docking simulation studies were performed using the crystal structure of the recombinant dehydrogenase domain of the isoform nox5 of c.Stagnale, which retains the fad cofactor (pdb: 5o0x).Considering that c2 could bind at the fad redox site of nox5, studies were conducted by comparing the interactions and binding energies of c1 and c2.The binding energies were -50.30 (c1) and -74.88 (c2) (k j mol-1), which is in agreement with the higher efficacy of the latter as an nadph oxidase inhibitor.In conclusion, incorporating the phthalimide moiety into caffeic acid was decisive for its effectiveness as an nadph oxidase inhibitor.

Journal: RSC advances (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Grafting, Stripping and Stapling of Helical Peptides from the Dimerization Interface of ONFH-Related Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2.

Transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenetic protein (tgf-β/bmp) signaling plays a fundamental role in embryonic skeletal development and postnatal bone homeostasis.The signaling pivot protein bmp-2 belongs to the tgf-β superfamily and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of femoral head (onfh).The biologically functional bmp-2 is a homodimer that has two tightly packed cores at its dimerization interface; each core is defined by the intermolecular interaction between a helical arm from one monomer and a hydrophobic pocket from another monomer.Inhibition and disruption of bmp-2 dimerization have been recognized as an attractive therapeutic strategy against onfh.Here, we investigate the self-binding behavior of helical arm-derived peptides to the bmp-2 dimerization interface.The native bmp-2 helical arm and its several grafted versions from bmp-4, bmp-6 and bmp-7 are stripped from the intact dimerization interface to generate a number of isolated helical peptides.Computational simulations demonstrate that the stripping does not substantially influence the direct intermolecular interaction between bmp-2 monomer and these helical peptides or desolvation effect upon the interaction.However, the c-terminus of stripped peptides is found to have an intrinsic disorder and large flexibility in the isolated state, which would impair the rebinding of stripped peptides to bmp-2.Next, we rationally design a hydrocarbon bridge across the c-terminal residues 65 and 69 of helical peptides, which can effectively constrain peptide conformational flexibility in the isolated state, thus considerably promoting the binding potency of stripped helical peptides.Circular dichroism (cd) spectroscopy reveals that the peptide helicity increases from 51.8 to 67.9% upon hydrocarbon stapling.Fluorescence polarization assays substantiate that, as designed, the stapling can convert these helical peptides from weak binders to moderate or good binders of bmp-2 protein; their kdvalues are improved by up to ~ fourfold.

Journal: The protein journal (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Progression of Vision in Chinese School-Aged Children Before and After COVID-19.

S:to investigate the changes of vision, including the prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, poor vision, and the spherical equivalent refraction (ser), in school-aged children before and after the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19).methods:a school-based vision screening study was performed on children in 133 primary schools in wuhan.This study was conducted in 4 consecutive years (2018-2021).results:a total of 468,094 children (936,188 eyes) were recruited, 255,863 (54.7%) were boys.The ser decreased in 2020 compared to other years after the age of 10.A positive myopia shift was found in younger children aged 6 (0.1 d), 7 (0.05d), and 8 (0.03 d) in 2020 compared to 2019.The progression of vision has improved slightly in 2021.Among the students included in the study, 33.7% were myopia.conclusion:the vision of older children decreased significantly during the covid-19.After the pandemic, there is still a high risk for them.In the future, the focus on vision prevention and control should move forward to preschool children.

Journal: International journal of public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Tips for managing treatment-resistant enuresis.

Enuresis (bedwetting) is common in school-aged children and can impact health, psychosocial well-being and quality of life.Although effective treatment is available, treatment resistance is encountered in about 50%.This paper discusses the management of treatment-resistant enuresis from a multidisciplinary perspective.Causes of treatment resistance include lower urinary tract problems, constipation, incorrect alarm training techniques, sleep disorders including sleep apnoea and psychological comorbidities.Practical suggestions to address treatment resistance are offered utilising expertise from clinicians from different disciplines.

Journal: Journal of paediatrics and child health (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article