syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Gestational exposure to silver nanoparticles enhances immune adaptation and protection against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice offspring.

Silver nanoparticles (ag nps) possess unique antimicrobial properties.As a result, they are being increasingly used in a wide range of applications.Several studies have shown detrimental effects of ag nps exposure, including inflammation, accumulation, and cellular damage to different organs.However, the effect of ag nps exposure during gestation, a critical and susceptible period of human development, on pregnant females and its long-term effects on offspring's health has not been studied.Therefore, we conducted a long-term study where we assessed the effect of gestational ag nps exposure on pregnant mice and followed their offspring until the age of 12 months.Gestational exposure to ag nps induced systemic inflammation in the pregnant mice at gestational day (gd) 18.Interestingly, developing fetuses exposed to ag nps, showed anti-inflammatory conditions as indicated by reduced expression of inflammatory genes in fetal organs at gd 18 and reduced serum levels of tnf-α, ifn-γ, il-17a, il-6, and mcp-1 in ag nps exposed pups at postnatal day (pd) 2.Surprisingly, post-weaning, ag nps exposed offspring showed a heightened immune activation as shown by upregulation of inflammatory cytokines at pd 28, which persisted till late in life.Moreover, we observed metabolic alterations which persisted until adulthood in mice.To understand the impact of long-term immunometabolic changes on the progression of diabetes and kidney diseases under stressed conditions, we exposed offspring to streptozotocin which revealed a protective role of low-dose gestational ag nps exposure against streptozotocin-induced diabetes and associated nephropathy.

Journal: Nanotoxicology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Winter honeybee (Apis mellifera) populations show greater potential to induce immune responses than summer populations after immune stimuli.

In the temperate climates of central europe and north america, two distinct honeybee (apis mellifera) populations are found in colonies: short-living summer bees emerge in spring and survive until summer, whereas long-living winter bees emerge in late august and overwinter.Besides the difference in their life spans, each of these populations fulfils a different role in the colonies and individual bees have distinct physiological and immunological adaptations depending on their roles.For instance, winter worker bees have higher vitellogenin levels and larger reserves of nutrients in the fat body than summer bees.The differences between the immune systems of both populations are well described at the constitutive level; however, our knowledge of its inducibility is still very limited.In this study, we focus on the response of 10-day-old honeybee workers to immune challenges triggeredin vivoby injecting heat-killed bacteria, with particular focus on honeybees that emerge and live under hive conditions.Responses to bacterial injections differed between summer and winter bees.Winter bees exhibited a more intense response, including higher expression of antimicrobial genes and antimicrobial activity, as well as a significant decrease in vitellogenin gene expression and its concentration in the hemolymph.The intense immune response observed in winter honeybees may contribute to our understanding of the relationships between colony fitness and infection with pathogens, as well as its association with successful overwintering.

Journal: The Journal of experimental biology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Neonatal Kawasaki disease: Case report and literature review.

Rationale kawasaki disease (kd) is a self-limiting and acute systemic vasculitis of childhood that leads to coronary artery abnormality in about 25% of untreated cases.Kd is extremely rare in neonates.The purpose of this paper is to explore the clinical features and diagnosis and treatment of neonatal kawasaki disease for early identification.Patient concerns a 24-day-old male with 3 hours fever and a rash was admitted to our hospital.Diagnoses he had a fever, rash, cracking of lips, lymph node enlargement in the neck, and distal extremity desquamation.Interventions the patient was given intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin with no complications.Outcomes after discharge, the patient was followed up to 1 year old, with good prognosis and no carditis or coronary artery abnormalities.Lessons neonatal kawasaki disease is extremely rare, and its clinical manifestation is not typical and easy to be missed.If not treated early, it will potentially give rise to coronary artery aneurysms or expansion, ischemic heart disease, and sudden death.Early diagnosis and treatment are very important.

Journal: Medicine (2021)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article;Review
Glucose metabolism in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sjia) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease in children.Overproduction of inflammatory cytokines in sjia resembles that in adult onset still disease.Chronic inflammation causes insulin resistance and consequently leading to abnormal glucose metabolism.Adults with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) have increased risks of abnormal glucose metabolism and diabetes.To date, glucose metabolism in patients with sjia has not been elucidated.Methods patients with sjia aged 4-25 years were recruited.All patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt).Indices of insulin sensitivity [homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (homa-ir) and whole-body insulin sensitivity index (wbisi)] and β-cell function [insulinogenic index (igi) and disposition index (di)] were calculated.Obese children with normoglycemia who underwent the ogtt were served as a control group.Results a total of 39 patients with sjia, aged 4-25 years, median (iqr) bmi sds was 0.1 (-0.5 to 1.7).Patients were divided into 2 groups, overweight/obese (ow/ob) (n = 11) and lean (n = 28).Only one obese patient had prediabetes and none had diabetes.In comparison with sex- and age-matched ow/ob controls (n = 33), ow/ob patients with sjia had higher insulin resistance [median (iqr) homa-ir: 2.6 (2.1-3.3) vs 1.5 (0.8-2.0), p = 0.001], lower insulin sensitivity [median (iqr) wbisi: 3.7 (2.7-5.9) vs 5.4 (4.5-8.7), p = 0.024], and higher insulin secretion [median (iqr) igi: 2.5 (2.0-3.5) vs 1.0 (0.8-1.9), p = 0.001].In lean patients with sjia, insulin sensitivity indices seemed to be comparable with those of lean controls.Conclusions overweight/obese children with sjia seemed to have increased insulin resistance and thus may have an increased risk for developing diabetes.

Journal: Pediatric rheumatology online journal (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Central versus paracentral cone location and outcomes of accelerated cross-linking in keratoconus patients.

To compare outcomes 1 year after accelerated cross-linking (cxl) between keratoconus eyes with central cones to those with paracentral cones.Methods in this post hoc analysis of data from a prospective multicentre study, consecutive progressive keratoconus eyes treated with accelerated cxl were included.Preoperative and 1 year post cxl manifest refraction, corneal cylinder, maximal keratometry (kmax), central corneal thickness and coma were assessed.Central and paracentral cones were defined as cones within the central 3 mm and those between 3 and 5 mm, respectively.Eyes with apical scarring and peripheral cones (>5 mm) were excluded.The primary outcome measures were changes in best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (bscva) and kmax.Results overall, 314 eyes (n = 314) with a mean age of 27.5 ± 7.7 years were included.At baseline, the central cone group was younger (p 2d, 6.7% vs.6.5%, respectively, p = 0.83).Conclusions this large-scale study of keratoconus eyes 1 year after accelerated cxl indicates that compared to those with paracentral cones, central cones have on average almost one additional line improvement in bcsva and 1.27 d more reduction in myopia.

Journal: Eye (London, England) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study
Systematic molecular analysis of the human secretome and membrane proteome in gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas.

The human secretome and membrane proteome are a large source of cancer biomarkers.Membrane-bound and secreted proteins are promising targets for many clinically approved drugs, including for the treatment of tumours.Here, we report a deep systematic analysis of 957 adenocarcinomas of the oesophagus, stomach, colon and rectum to examine the cancer-associated human secretome and membrane proteome of gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas (giacs).Transcriptomic data from these giacs were applied to an innovative majority decision-based algorithm.We quantified significantly expressed protein-coding genes.Interestingly, we found a consistent pattern in a small group of genes found to be overexpressed in giacs, which were associated with a cytokine-cytokine interaction pathway (ccri) in all four cancer subtypes.These ccri associated genes, which spanned both one secretory and one membrane isoform were further analysed, revealing a putative biomarker, interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (il1rap), which indicated a poor overall survival, a positive correlation with cancer stemness and a negative correlation with several kinds of t cells.These results were further validated in vitro through the knockdown of il1rap in two human gastric carcinoma cell lines, which resulted in a reduced indication of cellular proliferation, migration and markers of invasiveness.Following il1rap silencing, rna seq results showed a consistent pattern of inhibition related to ccri, proliferation pathways and low infiltration of regulatory t cells (tregs) and cd8 naive cells.The significance of the human secretome and membrane proteome is elucidated by these findings, which indicate il1rap as a potential candidate biomarker for cytokine-mediated cancer immunotherapy in gastric carcinoma.

Journal: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Effects of Salt Stress on Transcriptional and Physiological Responses in Barley Leaves with Contrasting Salt Tolerance.

Salt stress negatively impacts crop production worldwide.Genetic diversity among barley (hordeum vulgare) landraces adapted to adverse conditions should provide a valuable reservoir of tolerance genes for breeding programs.To identify molecular and biochemical differences between barley genotypes, transcriptomic and antioxidant enzyme profiles along with several morpho-physiological features were compared between salt-tolerant (boulifa) and salt-sensitive (testour) genotypes subjected to salt stress.Decreases in biomass, photosynthetic parameters, and relative water content were low in boulifa compared to testour.Boulifa had better antioxidant protection against salt stress than testour, with greater antioxidant enzymes activities including catalase, superoxide dismutase, and guaiacol peroxidase.Transcriptome assembly for both genotypes revealed greater accumulation of differentially expressed transcripts in testour compared to boulifa, emphasizing the elevated transcriptional response in testour following salt exposure.Various salt-responsive genes, including the antioxidant catalase 3, the osmoprotectant betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, and the transcription factors myb20and myb41, were induced only in boulifa.By contrast, several genes associated with photosystems i and ii, and light receptor chlorophylls a and b, were more repressed in testour.Co-expression network analysis identified specific gene modules correlating with differences in genotypes and morpho-physiological traits.Overall, salinity-induced differential transcript accumulation underlies the differential morpho-physiological response in both genotypes and could be important for breeding salt tolerance in barley.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Unintended Consequence of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic on Racial Inequities Associated With Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): Findings From a Population-Based Study.

A rising concern is the covid-19 pandemic effect on adverse childhood experiences (aces) due to increased parental stress and social/physical isolation.These pandemic effects are likely to be higher in already marginalized communities.The objective of this ecological study was to examine the relationship between covid-19 cases and deaths, race/ethnicity, and the estimated number of adults with aces using data from south carolina (sc).Covid-19 reported cases and death data were obtained from the sc department of health and environmental control.Ace data was used from the 2014-2016 sc behavioral risk factor surveillance system.Census data were used to obtain county population data.To measure the relationship between these variables, the spearman rank-order correlation test was used because the data distribution was non-normal.There was a moderate relationship between the estimated number of adults with one or more aces and deaths (ρ = 0.89) and race/ethnicity-specific covid-19 case counts by county (black: ρ = 0.76; =white: ρ = 0.96; hispanic: ρ = 0.89).Further, the spearman correlation test showed the strongest relationship between covid-19 deaths and race-ethnicity-specific county populations was with the black adult population (ρ = 0.90).Given the known link between existing health inequities and exposure to covid-19, these results demonstrate that the current pandemic could have unintended consequences on the well-being of children and caregivers.Response efforts should consider promoting protective factors for children and families and advocating for equitable policies and systems that serve children.

Journal: Frontiers in public health (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Inverse correlation between daily outdoor temperature and blood pressure in six US cities.

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between mean outdoor temperature and mean daily blood pressure (bp) and heart rate (hr) among six, large, geographically and climatically diverse us cities.We collected bp and hr data from higi stations, located in a wide range of neighborhood grocery stores and retail pharmacies, from six us cities (houston, los angeles, miami, boise, chicago, and new york city).Outdoor daily temperature data were collected from the national centers for environmental information's database.Pearson's correlation was used to assess the linear relationship between mean daily outdoor temperature and mean daily bp and hr for each city from may 2016 through april 2017.A total of 2 140 626 bp and hr readings were recorded in the six study cities.Mean outdoor temperature was inversely correlated with both mean daily average systolic (r=-0.69, p<0.0001) and diastolic (r=-0.71; p<0.0001) bps, but not hr (r<0.0001, p=0.48).We also found that temperature change had a larger impact on bp in equatorial climates such as miami compared with colder and more temperature variable cities like chicago and boise.Previous studies have found that bp varies seasonally, but few have looked at the impact of daily temperature on both bp and hr changes.Our study is one of the largest and most climatically diverse populations ever looking at this relationship.Our results suggest that temperature, and perhaps geography, should play a role in tailoring individualized evaluation and treatment for hypertensive diseases.

Journal: Blood pressure monitoring (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study
Evidence for conifer sucrose transporters' functioning in the light-dependent adjustment of sugar allocation.

Sucrose is the central unit of carbon and energy in plants.Active intercellular transport of sucrose is mediated by sucrose transporters (suts), genes for which have been found in the genomes of all land plants.However, they have only been assigned functions in angiosperm species.Here, we cloned two types of suts from two gymnosperms, the conifers cedrus deodara (roxb.G.Don) and pinus massoniana lambert, and analyzed their sucrose transport activities.Uptake of the fluorescent sucrose-analog esculin into tobacco epidermis cells expressing the conifer sut confirmed their transport ability.To determine their function in planta, we investigated their m rna abundance in relation to photosynthesis and sugar levels in leaves, inner bark, wood and roots.Combined with measurements of protein abundance and immunolocalization of c.Deodara suts, our results suggest a role for cd sut1g and cd sut2 in supporting phloem transport under varying environmental conditions.The implications of these findings regarding conifer physiology and sut evolution are discussed.

Journal: Tree physiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Optimising whole body computed tomography doses for paediatric trauma patients: a Swiss retrospective analysis.

We aimed to evaluate the impact of a low-dose whole-body computed tomography (wbct) protocol on radiation doses in paediatric major trauma patients.Retrospective cohort study of paediatric trauma patients (<16 years) at a national level 1 paediatric trauma centre (ptc) over a 6 year period prior and post introduction of a low-dose wbct protocol (2014-2019).Demographic data, patient characteristics, ct device, and exposure information including scan range, dose-length product, and volume ct dose index were collected.Effective dose (ed) and exposure parameters were compared before and after protocol introduction.Forty-eight patients underwent wbct during the study period.Prior to introduction of the low-dose protocol (n= 18), the ed was 20.6 m sv (median 20.1 ± 5.3 m sv [range 12.5-30.7]).After introduction of the low-dose wbct protocol (n= 30), mean ed was 4.8 m sv (median 2.6 ± 5.0 [range: 0.8-19.1]).This resulted in a reduction of 77% in mean ed (pvalue <0.001).Significant radiation dose reduction of 77% can be achieved with low-dose wbct protocols in ptcs.

Journal: Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Parents About Immunization of Infants and Its Associated Factors in Wadla Woreda, North East Ethiopia, 2019.

Introduction improving infant immunization coverage and timeliness is a key health policy objective in many developing countries such as ethiopia.Despite this, full immunization coverage in ethiopia becomes low with the concurrent significant burden of vaccine-preventable diseases among infants.A previously published study acknowledged that parental knowledge, attitude, and practice towards infant immunization are vital issues to improve coverage and influence uptake.Objective to assess parents' knowledge, attitude, practice, and its associated factors regarding immunization of infants at wadla woreda, north east ethiopia, 2019.Material and methods a community-based cross-sectional study was employed among 418 parents from march to april 2019 in wadla woreda, north east ethiopia.A stratified sampling technique was used to approach the study subjects.An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used.The collected data were cleaned, coded, and entered in epi-info 7.2 and transferred to spss version 25.0 for analysis.Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables having a significant association with parental knowledge, attitude, and practice.Variables with ap-value of ≤0.05 and aor with 95% ci were declared as having a statistically significant association during multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results in this study, 65.1%, 57.3%, and 55.3% of the parents had good knowledge, a favorable attitude, and good practice towards infant immunization, respectively.Parent's educational status (aor=5.330), urban residency (aor=2.788), favorable attitude (aor=4.308) and got immunization service two-three times (aor=3.227) and four-five times (aor=2.254) were statistically associated with knowledge of parents.Parents who attend primary school [aor=0.451) and secondary school [aor=0.320), parents who were mothers of the child [aor=3.813), and respondents who had good knowledge about infant immunization (aor= 4.592) were significantly associated with a favorable parental attitude.Infant immunization practice was significantly associated with parental education who attend primary school (aor=2.513), secondary school (aor=2.546) and higher education (aor=11.988), parents who had good knowledge of infant immunization (aor= 4.206), and short waiting time (aor=3.881).Conclusion and recommendation parental kap towards infant immunization was found to be lower than most of the study findings quoted in this study.Improving the knowledge, attitude, and practice of parents about immunization and vaccine-preventable diseases was recommended by providing health education and health promotion interventions.

Journal: Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Climate-induced increase in terrestrial carbon storage in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

Predicting the change in carbon storage in regions of high carbon uptake and those under highly intensive human disturbance is crucial for regional ecosystem management to promote sustainable development of the economy and ecology in the future.We use a process-based model to estimate the terrestrial carbon storage in yangtze river economic belt (yreb) and to predict the change of carbon storage over the next 100 years.The results show that the vegetation carbon (vc) and soil organic carbon (soc) storage were 8.97 and 28.85 pg c in the yreb from 1981 to 2005, respectively.The highest vc density is distributed in the southern region of the yreb, and the highest soc density distributes in subalpine and alpine area of the western region of the yreb.Carbon storage in the yreb continued to increase from 1981 to 2005 and in future projections, under both the representative concentration pathway 4.5 (rcp4.5) and the rcp8.5 scenarios.The increased rate of carbon storage in the yreb under the rcp8.5 scenario is higher than that under the rcp4.5 scenario.Under the rcp4.5 scenario, the increasing trend of vc storage tends to be reduced after the 2060s; conversely, the increase of both vc and soc is accelerated after the 2050s under the rcp8.5 scenario.The soc density in western sichuan will decrease in the future, especially under the rcp8.5 scenario.Western sichuan has the highest soc density in the yreb; therefore, it is important to manage the ecosystems there in order to cope with significant warming.The positive impact of warming and the co2fertilization effect on vegetation growth and carbon uptake will be predominantly attributed to the increase of terrestrial carbon storage in the yreb.However, warming will stimulate the decomposition of soil organic carbon, contributing directly to reducing soc storage in high-altitude regions (e.g., alpine and subalpine regions of western sichuan).

Journal: Ecology and evolution (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article