syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
3D particle transport in multichannel microfluidic networks with rough surfaces.

The transport of particles and fluids through multichannel microfluidic networks is influenced by details of the channels.Because channels have micro-scale textures and macro-scale geometries, this transport can differ from the case of ideally smooth channels.Surfaces of real channels have irregular boundary conditions to which streamlines adapt and with which particle interact.In low-reynolds number flows, particles may experience inertial forces that result in trans-streamline movement and the reorganization of particle distributions.Such transport is intrinsically 3d and an accurate measurement must capture movement in all directions.To measure the effects of non-ideal surface textures on particle transport through complex networks, we developed an extended field-of-view 3d macroscope for high-resolution tracking across large volumes ([formula: see text]) and investigated a model multichannel microfluidic network.A topographical profile of the microfluidic surfaces provided lattice boltzmann simulations with a detailed feature map to precisely reconstruct the experimental environment.Particle distributions from simulations closely reproduced those observed experimentally and both measurements were sensitive to the effects of surface roughness.Under the conditions studied, inertial focusing organized large particles into an annular distribution that limited their transport throughout the network while small particles were transported uniformly to all regions.

Journal: Scientific reports (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Optical fiber with homogeneous material by side-array cladding.

Optical fibers are the core elements for various fiber-optic applications in communication, lasers, sensors, tweezers, quantum optics, and bio-photonics.Current optical fibers are based on a core-cladding structure with different refractive indices and are mainly fabricated using the stack-draw method.However, such a traditional fabrication method limits the realization of fibers with various advanced optical materials, thereby restricting the utilization of excellent optical properties offered by these materials.In this study, a novel structure for side-array cladding by laser drilling on the side of the fiber with homogeneous material is proposed.Accordingly, the confinement loss, mode characteristics, birefringence, and dispersion of the side-array cladding fiber are investigated based on the numerical simulation performed via the finite element method.Subsequently, an optimal fiber structure is obtained by taking the crystal material as an example.Essentially, our proposed side-array cladding fiber can eliminate the mismatch problem of core-cladding materials in the current stack-draw fabrication method.Potentially, the proposed approach can serve as a standard design and fabrication method of optical fibers with homogeneous material, by utilizing the rapid development of laser processing.In other words, a large number of advanced optical materials can be fabricated into optical fibers with the proposed technique, thus maximizing their technical advantages for different applications.

Journal: Applied optics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Longitudinal study of intravenous versus subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy in hematological malignancy.

To present findings from a longitudinal study on infection risk, mortality, and patient perspective of intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) and subcutaneous immunoglobulin (scig) treatment for patients with hypogammaglobulinemia secondary to hematological malignancy or its treatment (abbreviated as sid).Methods observational study period included final year of ivig (13 patients) and of the first 3 years of scig (17 patients) with sid.Data were collected on clinical outcomes from medical records and patient perception via study specific questionnaire.Results the median age was 63 years (53-76 years), and for 82.4% of patients their hematological malignancy was in complete remission.The annual mean serum ig g trough levels remained stable over the 4 years and were 7.0 g/l (±2.77 g/l) with ivig, and 8.0 g/l (±1.75 g/l), 8.7 g/l (±2.75 g/l), and 7.6 g/l (±2.89 g/l) (year 1, 2, and 3, respectively) with scig.While the annual infection rate was similar, the rate of hospitalization due to infection fluctuated, with 37%, 9%, 15%, and 32% in year 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively.There were no systemic adverse events with ivig or scig.Patients reported a strong preference for scig.One patient died due to progression of underlying disease and infection within the study period.Conclusion scig was the preferred treatment mode over ivig in our cohort, but both were well tolerated without any systemic adverse events in 4-year follow up.The dosage and serum ig g levels were stable throughout.However, the number of infections requiring hospitalization fluctuated.It is anticipated that these findings encourage more hospitals to offer scig for sid patients.

Journal: Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study
Survey of Localizing Gradient Damage in Static and Dynamic Tension of Concrete.

The continuum damage model should be regularized to ensure mesh-insensitive results in simulations of strain localization, e.g., for concrete cracking under tension.The paper confronts the conventional gradient damage model with its upgrade including a variable internal length scale.In these models, the helmholtz free energy depends additionally on an averaged strain measure and its gradient.In the formulation for dynamics the equations of motion are discretized simultaneously with an averaging equation.If gradient regularization is employed with a constant internal length parameter, then an artificially expanded damage zone can occur in the strain softening analysis.This broadening effect can be inhibited by a gradient activity function.The localizing character of the gradient activity has physical motivation-the nonlocal interactions in the fracture zone are reduced with the damage growth.The internal length can decrease exponentially or as a cosine function.After presentation of the theory, including the free energy definition, the finite element analyses of three different examples connected with tensile cracking in concrete are discussed: static tension of a double-edge-notched specimen, dynamic direct tension for a configuration without or with a reinforcing bar and tension of an l-shaped specimen under static and dynamic loading.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Fluoroless and contrast-free catheter ablation without a lead apron in routine clinical practice.

The technique of catheter ablation has been improved within the past few decades, especially by three-dimensional (3d) mapping system.3d mapping system has reduced radiation exposure but ablation procedures still require fluoroscopy.Our previous study showed the safety and efficacy of catheter ablation based on intracardiac echogram combined with cartosound/carto3 system, however fluoroscopy use for an average of 16 min is required for this procedure.The present study was aimed to reduce radiation exposure to zero and establish a radiation free catheter ablation method with the goal of utilizing it in routine clinical practice.We conducted single center, retrospective study during 2019 april to 2020 february.Consecutive 76 patients were enrolled.In the first 18 cases, the previously reported procedure (cartosound/carto3 method) was used.The remaining 58 cases were transitioned to fluoroless catheter ablation.The procedure time, success rates and complication rates were analyzed.Not only af patients but atrial flutter (afl), paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (psvt) and ventricular arrhythmia patients were included.Catheter positioning, catheter visualization and collecting the geometry of each camber of the heart were conducted by using contact force and ice based geometry on carto system without either prior computed tomography (ct) or magnetic resonance image (mri).In fluoroless group, all catheter ablations were successfully performed without lead aprons.No complications occurred in either group.There were no significant differences in procedure time in any type of procedure (total procedure time fluoro-group; 149 ± 51 min vs.Fluoroless-group; 162 ± 43 min, n.s.), (psvt 170 ± 53 min vs.162 ± 29 min, n.s.), (afl 110 ± 70 min vs.123 ± 43 min, n.s.), (af 162 ± 43 min vs.163 ± 32 min, n.s.).The total radiation time was reduced to zero in fluoroless group.Catheter ablation with ice and 3d mapping system guide without fluoroscopy could be safely performed with a high success rate, without any prior ct/mri 3d images.Radiation was reduced completely for patients and staff, negating the need for protective wear for operators.

Journal: Scientific reports (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Effectiveness and Safety of Huangqi Xixin Decoction for Cough Variant Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

A comprehensive and systematic review is needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of huangqi xixin decoction (hqxxd) for cough variant asthma (cva).In this systematic review, we comprehensively interrogate the safety and effectiveness of hqxxd for cva.Methods an overall search for studies in main english and chinese electronic databases from their inception to june 30, 2022, was performed.Randomized controlled trials (rcts) involving hqxxd for cva were included.According to cochrane reviewer's handbook, the risk of bias related to the included studies was evaluated.A meta-analysis using rev man 5.4 software from the cochrane collaboration was used to integrate the outcomes of the included rcts.Results a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using the seven eligible rcts that had been retrieved.The included rct-related risk of bias was evaluated.According to the findings of the meta-analysis, the hqxxd group had significantly higher total effective rates of clinical efficacy and airway responsiveness, and a significantly lower recurrence rate in comparison with the conventional western medicine treatment group.Conclusion in the treatment of cva patients, hqxxd is safe and effective, which benefits clinical efficacy and airway responsiveness, reduces the recurrence rate, and has no adverse effects.

Journal: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Exploring the User Interaction Network in an Anxiety Disorder Online Community: An Exponential Random Graph Model with Topical and Emotional Effects.

The increasing number of people with anxiety disorders presents challenges when gathering health information.Users in anxiety disorder online communities (adocs) share and obtain a variety of health information, such as treatment experience, drug efficacy, and emotional support.This interaction alleviates the difficulties involved in obtaining health information.Users engage in community interaction via posts, comments, and replies, which promotes the development of an online community as well as the wellbeing of community users, and research concerning the formation mechanism of the user interaction network in adocs could be beneficial to users.Taking the anxiety disorder post bar as the research object, this study constructed an adoc user interaction network based on users' posts, comments, and personal information data.With the help of exponential random graph models (ergms), we studied the effects of the network structure, user attributes, topics, and emotional intensity on user interaction networks.We found that there was significant reciprocity in the user interaction network in adocs.In terms of user attributes, gender homogeneity had no impact on the formation of the user interaction network.Experienced users in the community had obvious advantages, and experienced users could obtain replies more easily from other members.In terms of topics, pathology popularization showed obvious homogeneity, and symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder showed obvious heterogeneity.In terms of emotional intensity, users with polarized emotions were more likely to receive replies from users with positive emotions.The probability of interaction between two users with negative emotions was small, and users with opposite emotional polarity tended to interact, especially when the interaction was initiated by users with positive emotions.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The beneficial effects of intradialytic parenteral nutrition in hemodialysis patients with protein energy wasting: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

In hemodialysis (hd) patients, protein-energy wasting (pew) is highly prevalent and firstly treated with oral nutritional supplements (ons).The extent to which intradialytic parenteral nutrition (idpn) contributes to improve pew status in hd patients intolerable to ons remains unclear.Maintenance pew hd patients being unable to tolerate ons adverse effects, and having spontaneous energy and protein intake of ≥ 20 kcal/kg/day and ≥ 0.8 g/kg/day, respectively were randomly assigned 1:1 into idpn and control groups.In idpn group, most concentrated 3-in-1, fish-oil based parenteral nutrition was infused during hd for 3 months.The control group received intensive dietary counselling once weekly for 3 months.Both groups were then followed for additional 3 months after intervention.A total of 38 patients were randomized (mean age 67.6 years).After 3 months, serum albumin was significantly higher in the idpn (n = 18) compared with control group (from 3.5 ± 0.3 to 3.8 ± 0.2 vs from 3.6 ± 0.3 to 3.5 ± 0.3 g/d l, respectively, p = 0.01).Spontaneous dietary intake (p = 0.04), body weight (p = 0.01), and malnutrition inflammation score (mis, p = 0.01) were improved in the idpn, but not in the control group.Muscle mass, strength, serum prealbumin, interleukin-6, high sensitivity-c reactive protein, and acylated ghrelin were not significantly different but leptin levels increased in the control group after 3 months (p = 0.03).At 6 months, serum albumin in the idpn group was persistently higher than baseline (p = 0.04).Neither volume overload nor uncontrolled hyperglycemia was found throughout the study.In conclusion, a 3-month idpn supplementation demonstrated a significant increase in serum albumin, body weight, spontaneous oral intake, and mis; and appeared to be superior to continuing intensive dietary counselling among hd patients intolerable to ons.The impacts of idpn therapy on clinical outcomes may require larger scale with longer period of study.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Living With Cervical Spinal Cord Injury During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.

To understand how covid-19 has affected the daily lives of people living with cervical spinal cord injury (sci).Design cross sectional qualitative study.Setting academic medical center in the midwestern united states.Participants ten community-dwelling individuals (8 men, 2 women), average 11.6 years post-mid-cervical level sci (n=10).Interventions not applicable.Main outcome measures semistructured interviews were completed by phone.The research team used thematic analysis and inductive strategies to analyze the data in this exploratory investigation.Results people with cervical sci living in the united states during the spring of 2020 experienced changes to their daily lives.Participants described how interactions with caregivers for activities of daily living were complicated by fear about contracting and/or transmitting covid-19.The pandemic limited this population's access to medical care and adversely affected their mental and physical health.Telemedicine was seen as a helpful alternative to in-person visits.Some participants felt that their previous life-altering experience (sci) better prepared them to cope with the pandemic and "roll with things." conclusions learning about how people with sci cope, persevere, and survive to overcome adversity during the pandemic should inform future research to support those with sci.Improving telemedicine and rewarding and recognizing caregivers for their role in maintaining health are important first steps.We must continue to be creative about improving our health care systems and access for people with disabilities, particularly during this and future public health crises.

Journal: Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Case report:ETS1gene deletion associated with a low number of recent thymic emigrants in three patients with Jacobsen syndrome.

Jacobsen syndrome is a rare genetic disorder associated with a terminal deletion in chromosome 11.The clinical presentation is variable.Although immunodeficiency has been described in patients with jacobsen syndrome, a clear genotype-phenotype correlation has not yet been established.Here, we report on the immunologic phenotypes of four patients with jacobsen syndrome.All four patients showed one or more atypical immunologic features.One patient suffered from recurrent viral infections, two patients had experienced a severe bacterial infection and one had received antibiotic prophylaxis since early childhood.One patient had experienced severe, transient immune dysregulation.Hypogammaglobulinemia and low b cell counts were found in two patients, while the number of recent thymic emigrants (cd31+cd45ra+ cd4 cells) was abnormally low in three.When considering the six immune-related genes located within the affected part of chromosome 11 (ets1, tirap, fli1, nfrkb, thyn1, and snx19), only the ets1gene was found be deleted in the three patients with low numbers of recent thymic emigrants and non-switched memory b cells.Our findings support the hypothesis whereby jacobsen syndrome is associated with a combined immunodeficiency with variable presentation.Further investigations of potential genotype-phenotype correlations are warranted and might help to personalize patient management in individuals lacking immune-related genes.In addition, we recommend immunologic follow-up for all patients with jacobsen syndrome, as immune abnormalities may develop over time.

Journal: Frontiers in immunology (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Journal Article
A Comparison of Three Methods for the Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Early and Metastatic Breast Cancer.

We directly compared ctc detection rates and prognostic significance, using three different methods in patients with breast cancer (bc).Methods early (n=200) and metastatic (n=164) patients were evaluated before initiating adjuvant or first-line chemotherapy, using the cell search tm system, an rt-q pcr for ck-19 m rna detection and by double immunofluorescence (if) microscopy using a45-b/b3 and cd45 antibodies.Results using the cell search tm system, 37% and 16.5% of early bc patients were ctc-positive (at ≥1 and ≥2 ctcs/23 ml of blood), 18.0% by rt-q pcr and 16.9% by if; no agreement was observed between methods.By the cell search tm 34.8% and 53.7% (at≥ 5 and ≥ 2 ctcs/7.5 ml) of metastatic patients were ctc-positive, 37.8% by rt-q pcr and 28.5% by if.A significant agreement existed only between the cell search tm and rt-q pcr.In 60.8% of cases, differential ep cam and ck-19 expression on ctcs by if could explain the discrepancies between the cell search tm and rt-q pcr.Ctc-positivity by either method was associated with decreased overall survival in metastatic patients.Conclusion a significant concordance was observed between the cell search tm and rt-q pcr in metastatic but not in early bc.Discordant results could be explained in part by ctc heterogeneity.Ctc detection by all methods evaluated had prognostic relevance in metastatic patients.

Journal: Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology (2017)
Publication types: Comparative Study;Journal Article
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of naphthalimide-benzimidazole conjugates as potential antitumor agents.

A series of novel naphthalimide-benzimidazoles was designed and synthesized for the first time and studied for their effect on antiproliferative activity.Some of these compounds possessed good antitumor activity towards the tested cancer cell lines.Noticeably, (diethylamino)ethyl 15 and (dimethylamino)ethyl 23 derivatives displayed superior antiproliferative activity towards human cancer cell lines with mg_mid gi50 values of 1.43 and 1.83 μm, respectively.Preliminary investigation revealed that compounds 15 and 23 might bind with ct-dna through the intercalation mode which is responsible for potent bioactivity.Moreover, transportation behaviour indicated that these molecules could efficiently bind to and be carried by bovine albumin, and the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions played important roles in interaction with serum albumin.

Journal: Organic & biomolecular chemistry (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for intravenous lenalidomide in mice.

Lenalidomide is used widely in b-cell malignancies for its immunomodulatory activity.It is primarily eliminated via the kidneys, with a significant proportion of renal elimination attributed to active processes.Lenalidomide is a weak substrate of p-glycoprotein (p-gp), though it is unclear whether p-gp is solely responsible for lenalidomide transport.This study aimed to determine whether the current knowledge of lenalidomide was sufficient to describe the pharmacokinetics of lenalidomide in multiple tissues.Methods a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was developed using the open systems pharmacology suite to explore the pharmacokinetics of lenalidomide in a variety of tissues.Data were available for mice dosed intravenously at 0.5, 1.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, with concentrations measured in plasma, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, and spleen.P-gp expression and activity were sourced from the literature.Results the model predictions in plasma, liver, and lung were representative of the observed data (median prediction error 13%, - 10%, and 30%, respectively, with 90% confidence intervals including zero), while other tissue predictions showed sufficient similarity to the observed data.Contrary to the data, model predictions for the brain showed no drug reaching brain tissue when p-gp was expressed at the blood-brain barrier.The data were better described by basolateral transporters at the intracellular wall.Local sensitivity analysis showed that transporter activity was the most sensitive parameter in these models for exposure.Conclusion as p-gp transport at the blood-brain barrier did not explain the observed brain concentrations alone, there may be other transporters involved in lenalidomide disposition.

Journal: Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural