syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Management of fresh odontoid fractures using posterior C1-2 fixation without fusion: a long-term clinical follow-up study.

Posterior c1-2 fixation without fusion makes it possible to restore atlantoaxial motion after removing the implant, and it has been used as an alternative technique for odontoid fractures; however, the long-term efficacy of this technique remains uncertain.The purpose of the present study was to explore the long-term follow-up outcomes of patients with odontoid fractures who underwent posterior c1-2 fixation without fusion.Methods a retrospective study was performed on 62 patients with type ii/iii fresh odontoid fractures who underwent posterior c1-2 fixation without fusion and were followed up for more than 5 years.The patients were divided into group a (23 patients with implant removal) and group b (39 patients without implant removal) based on whether they underwent a second surgery to remove the implant.The clinical outcomes were recorded and compared between the two groups.In group a, the range of motion (rom) of c1-2 was calculated, and correlation analysis was performed to explore the factors that influence the rom of c1-2.Results a solid fracture fusion was found in all patients.At the final follow-up, no significant difference was found in visual analog scale score or american spinal injury association impairment scale score between the two groups (p > 0.05), but patients in group a had a lower neck disability index score and milder neck stiffness than did patients in group b (p < 0.05).In group a, 87.0% (20/23) of the patients had atlantoodontoid joint osteoarthritis at the final follow-up.In group a, the c1-2 rom in rotation was 6.1° ± 4.5° at the final follow-up, whereas the c1-2 rom in flexion-extension was 1.8° ± 1.2°.A negative correlation was found between the c1-2 rom in rotation and the severity of tissue injury in the atlantoaxial region (r = -0.403, p = 0.024) and the degeneration of the atlantoodontoid joint (r = -0.586, p = 0.001).Conclusions posterior c1-2 fixation without fusion can be used effectively for the management of fresh odontoid fractures.The removal of the implant can further improve the clinical efficacy, but satisfactory atlantoaxial motion cannot be maintained for a long time after implant removal.A surgeon should reconsider the contribution of posterior c1-2 fixation without fusion and secondary implant removal in preserving atlantoaxial mobility for patients with fresh odontoid fractures.

Journal: Journal of neurosurgery. Spine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Multiscale analysis on otolith structural features reveals differences in ontogenesis and sex inMerluccius merlucciusin the western Adriatic Sea.

Otolith biomineralization results from biochemical processes regulated by the interaction of internal (physiological) and external (environmental) factors which lead to morphological and ultrastructural variability at intra- and interspecific levels.The aim of this study was to conduct a multi-scale analysis of the sagittal otoliths of the merlucius merlucius(european hake) from the western adriatic sea in order to correlate otolith features with fish ontogeny and sex.We show that otoliths of sexually undifferentiated (non-sexed) individuals having a fish body total length (tl) less than 15 cm had faster growth in length, width, area, perimeter, volume and weight and a higher amount of organic matrix compared with otoliths of sexually differentiated individuals (females and males) having a fish size range of 15-50 cm.Most importantly, with increasing fish tl, female saccular otoliths contained a higher number of protuberances and rougher surface compared with male specimens, which showed more uniform mean curvature density.The differences between females and males discovered in this study could be associated with fish hearing adaptation to reproductive behavioural strategies during the spawning season.The outcomes of this research provide insights on how size and sex-related variations in otolith features may be affected by fish ecological and behavioural patterns.

Journal: Royal Society open science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Photoelectrochemistry and Drift-Diffusion Simulations in a Polythiophene Film Interfaced with an Electrolyte.

Although the efficiency of organic polymer-based retinal devices has been proved, the interpretation of the working mechanisms that grant photostimulation at the polymer/neuron interface is still a matter of debate.To contribute solving this issue, we focus here on the characterization of the interface between poly(3-hexyltiophene) films and water by the combined use of electrochemistry and mathematical modeling.Simulations well reproduce the buildup of photovoltage (zero current condition) upon illumination of the working electrode made by a polymer film deposited onto an indium tin oxide (ito) substrate.Due to the essential unipolar transport in the photoexcited film, diffusion leads to a space charge separation that is responsible for the initial photovoltage.Later, electron transfer reactions toward oxygen in the electrolyte extract negative charge from the polymer.In spite of the simple model studied, all of these considerations shed light on the possible coupling mechanisms between the polymeric device and the living cell, supporting the hypothesis of pseudocapacitive coupling.

Journal: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Overall Physician Visits and Telemedicine Use Among Patients With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes in Japan.

Regular visits with healthcare professionals are important for preventing serious complications in patients with diabetes.The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to clarify whether there was any suppression of physician visits among patients with diabetes during the spread of the novel coronavirus 2019 (covid-19) in japan and to assess whether telemedicine contributed to continued visits.Methods we used the jmdc claims database, which contains the monthly claims reported from july 2018 to may 2020 and included 4,595 (type 1) and 123,686 (type 2) patients with diabetes.Using a difference-in-differences analysis, we estimated the changes in the monthly numbers of physician visits or telemedicine per 100 patients in april and may 2020 compared with the same months in 2019.Results for patients with type 1 diabetes, the estimates for total overall physician visits were -2.53 (95% confidence interval [ci], -4.63 to 0.44) in april and -8.80 (95% ci, -10.85 to -6.74) in may; those for telemedicine visits were 0.71 (95% ci, 0.47-0.96) in april and 0.54 (95% ci, 0.32-0.76) in may.For patients with type 2 diabetes, the estimates for overall physician visits were -2.50 (95% ci, -2.95 to -2.04) in april and -3.74 (95% ci, -4.16 to -3.32) in may; those for telemedicine visits were 1.13 (95% ci, 1.07-1.20) in april and 0.73 (95% ci, 0.68-0.78) in may.Conclusion the covid-19 pandemic was associated with suppression of physician visits and a slight increase in the utilization of telemedicine among patients with diabetes during april and may 2020.

Journal: Journal of epidemiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A Case Report of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitors in an Active Duty Service Member with Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp Resistant to Treatment.

Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp represents a disease of follicular occlusion that may be worsened by tight-fitting clothing, such as the patrol cap or advanced combat helmet used by military service members.Treatment poses a challenge to the clinician, and the treatment of choice, oral retinoids, may not improve the condition sufficiently to maintain active duty status.Early treatment augmentation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors may improve efficacy of oral retinoids and prevent medical separation of the active duty service member.

Journal: Military medicine (2020)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Prospective Study of a Multimodal Convulsive Seizure Detection Wearable System on Pediatric and Adult Patients in the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit.

Using machine learning to combine wrist accelerometer (acm) and electrodermal activity (eda) has been shown effective to detect primarily and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures, here termed as convulsive seizures (cs).A prospective study was conducted for the fda clearance of an acm and eda-based cs-detection device based on a predefined machine learning algorithm.Here we present its performance on pediatric and adult patients in epilepsy monitoring units (emus).methods:patients diagnosed with epilepsy participated in a prospective multi-center clinical study.Three board-certified neurologists independently labeled cs from video-eeg.The detection algorithm was evaluated in terms of sensitivity and false alarm rate per 24 h-worn (far) on all the data and on only periods of rest.Performance were analyzed also applying the detection algorithm offline, with a less sensitive but more specific parameters configuration ("active mode").results:data from 152 patients (429 days) were used for performance evaluation (85 pediatric aged 6-20 years, and 67 adult aged 21-63 years).Thirty-six patients (18 pediatric) experienced a total of 66 cs (35 pediatric).The sensitivity (corrected for clustered data) was 0.92, with a 95% confidence interval (ci) of [0.85-1.00] for the pediatric population, not significantly different (p> 0.05) from the adult population's sensitivity (0.94, ci: [0.89-1.00]).The far on the pediatric population was 1.26 (ci: [0.87-1.73]), higher (p< 0.001) than in the adult population (0.57, ci: [0.36-0.81]).Using the active mode, the far decreased by 68% while reducing sensitivity to 0.95 across the population.During rest periods, the far's were 0 for all patients, lower than during activity periods (p< 0.001).conclusions:performance complies with fda's requirements of a lower bound of ci for sensitivity higher than 0.7 and of a far lower than 2, for both age groups.The pediatric far was higher than the adult far, likely due to higher pediatric activity.The high sensitivity and precision (having no false alarms) during sleep might help mitigate sudep risk by summoning caregiver intervention.The active mode may be advantageous for some patients, reducing the impact of the far on daily life.Future work will examine the performance and usability outside of emus.

Journal: Frontiers in neurology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Starch-Assisted Synthesis of Bi2S3Nanoparticles for Enhanced Dielectric and Antibacterial Applications.

Starch [(c6h10o5)n]-stabilized bismuth sulfide (bi2s3) nanoparticles (nps) were synthesized in a single-pot reaction using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (bi(no3)3·5h2o) and sodium sulfide (na2s) as precursors.Bi2s3nps were stable over time and a wide band gap of 2.86 e v was observed.The capping of starch on the bi2s3nps prevents them from agglomeration and provides regular uniform shapes.The synthesized bi2s3nps were quasispherical, and the measured average particle size was ∼11 nm.The nps are crystalline with an orthorhombic structure as determined by powder x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.The existence and interaction of starch on the np's surface were analyzed using circular dichroism.Impedance spectroscopy was used to measure the electronic behavior of bi2s3nps at various temperatures and frequencies.The dielectric measurements on the nps show high dielectric polarizations.Furthermore, it was observed that the synthesized bi2s3nps inhibited bacterial strains (bacillus subtilis,escherichia coli,pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus) and demonstrated substantial antibacterial activity.

Journal: ACS omega (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Wide-Range Humidity-Temperature Hybrid Flexible Sensor Based on Strontium Titanate and Poly 3,4 Ethylenedioxythiophene Polystyrene Sulfonate for Wearable 3D-Printed Mask Applications.

In this paper, we report a fast, linear wide-range hybrid flexible sensor based on a novel composite of strontium titanate (sr ti o3) and poly 3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene polystyrene sulfonate (pedot: pss) as a sensing layer.Inter-digitate electrodes (ides) were printed for humidity monitoring (finger: 250 μm; spacing: 140 μm; length: 8 mm) whilst a meander-based pattern was printed for the temperature measurement (meander thickness: 180 μm; spacing: 400 μm) on each side of the pet substrate using silver ink.Moreover, active layers with different concentration ratios were coated on the electrodes using a spray coating technique.The as-developed sensor showed an excellent performance, with a humidity measurement range of (10-90% rh) and temperature measurement range of (25-90 °c) with a fast response (humidity: 5 s; temperature: 4.2 s) and recovery time (humidity: 8 s; temperature: 4.4 s).The reliability of the sensor during mechanical bending of up to 5.5 mm was validated with a reliable performance.The sensor was also used in real-world applications to measure human respiration.For this, a suggested sensor-based autonomous wireless node was included in a 3d-printed mask.The manufactured sensor was an excellent contender for wearable and environmental applications because of its exceptional performance, which allowed for the simultaneous measurement of both quantities by a single sensing device.

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Risk factors, clinical presentations and predictors of stroke among adult patients admitted to stroke unit of Jimma university medical center, south west Ethiopia: prospective observational study.

Stroke is the second-leading global cause of death behind heart disease in 2013 and is a major cause of permanent disability.The burden of stroke in terms of mortality, morbidity and disability is increasing across the world.It is currently observed to be one of the commonest reasons of admission in many health care setups and becoming an alarming serious public health problem in our country ethiopia.Despite the high burden of strokes globally, there is insufficient information on the current clinical profile of stroke in low and middle income countries (lmics) including ethiopia.So, this study was aimed to assess risk factors, clinical presentations and predictors of stroke subtypes among adult patients admitted to stroke unit of jimma university medical center (jumc).Methods prospective observational study design was carried out at stroke unit (su) of jumc for 4 consecutive months from march 10-july 10, 2017.A standardized data extraction checklist and patient interview was used to collect data.Data was entered into epi data version 3.1 and analyzed using spss version 20.Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of stroke subtypes.Result a total of 116 eligible stroke patients were recruited during the study period.The mean age of the patients was 55.1 ± 14.0 years and males comprised 62.9%.According to world health organization (who) criteria of stroke diagnosis, 51.7% of patients had ischemic while 48.3% had hemorrhagic stroke.The most common risk factor identified was hypertension (75.9%) followed by family history (33.6%), alcohol intake (22.4%), smoking (17.2%) and heart failure (17.2%).The most common clinical presentation was headache complained by 75.0% of the patients followed by aphasia 60.3% and hemiparesis 53.4%.Atrial fibrillation was the independent predictor of hemorrhagic stroke (aor: 0.08, 95% ci: 0.01-0.68).Conclusion the clinical characteristics of stroke in this set up were similar to other low- and middle-resource countries.As stroke is a high priority chronic disease, large-scale public health campaign should be launched focusing on public education regarding stroke risk factors and necessary interventions.

Journal: BMC neurology (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study
Economic Considerations in Access to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (tavr) has revolutionized the treatment of aortic stenosis, with the number of procedures and sites offering the procedure steadily rising over the past decade in the united states.Despite this, growth into certain markets has been limited as hospitals have to balance high tavr costs with the ability to offer a complete array of state-of-the-art therapies for aortic stenosis.This trade-off often results in decreased access to tavr services by patients cared for in hospitals that cannot afford these services or have difficulty meeting procedural requirements, recruiting skilled physicians, and initiating and then maintaining a functioning tavr program.The lack of access is more common among patients of color or those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged.The purpose of this review is to describe the hospital-level economic considerations of tavr in the united states and the resulting effects on geographic, racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic access for americans.

Journal: Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β: A True Foe in Pancreatic Cancer.

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (gsk-3β) is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in multiple normal and pathological cell functions, including cell signalling and metabolism.Gsk-3β is highly expressed in the onset and progression of multiple cancers with strong involvement in the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, and chemoresistance.Multiple studies showed pro- and anti-cancer roles of gsk-3β creating confusion about the benefit of targeting gsk-3β for treating cancer.In this mini-review, we focus on the role of gsk-3β in pancreatic cancer.We demonstrate that the proposed anti-cancer roles of gsk-3β are not relevant to pancreatic cancer, and we argue why gsk-3β is, indeed, a very promising therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
OsCERK1 Contributes to Cupric Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Phytotoxicity and Basal Resistance against Blast by Regulating the Anti-Oxidant System in Rice.

Cu o nps (cupric oxide nanoparticles) are widely used in various fields due to their high electrical conductivity, electronic correlation effect, and special physical property.Notably, cu o nps have good application prospects in agricultural production because of its antifungal activity to prevent crop diseases.However, the increasing release of cu o nps into the environment has resulted in a serious threat to the ecosystem, including plants.Previous studies have reported the toxicity of cu o nps on rice, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms or specific genes involved in the response to cu o nps.In this study, we found that the rice well-known receptor chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 (os cerk1), which is essential for basal resistance against pathogens, is involved in cu o nps stress in rice.Knockout of os cerk1gene resulted in enhanced tolerance to cu o nps stress.Furthermore, it was revealed that os cerk1 reduces the tolerance to cu o nps stress by regulating the anti-oxidant system and increasing the accumulation of h2o2in rice.In addition, cu o nps treatment significantly enhances the basal resistance against m.Oryzaewhich is mediated by os cerk1.In conclusion, this study demonstrated a dual role of os cerk1 in response to cu o nps stress and m.Oryzaeinfection by modulating ros accumulation, which expands our understanding about the crosstalk between abiotic and biotic stresses.

Journal: Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Impact of the use of hydroxyethyl starch in granulocyte apheresis using Spectra Optia.

S to determine the impact of the use of hydroxyethyl starch (hes) in granulocyte apheresis using spectra optia.Background granulocyte transfusion (gt) is a therapeutic option for neutropenic patients with severe bacterial or fungal infections.Recent studies in emergency medicine have shown the potential risk of using hes, which is routinely used in granulocyte apheresis to increase yield by sedimenting red blood cells.We hypothesized that the use of a newer device (spectra optia) would spare the need for hes.Methods we retrospectively compared granulocyte apheresis with hes (hes group, n = 89) and without hes (non-hes group, n = 36) using spectra optia.Results the granulocyte yield was significantly higher in the hes group (7.3 × 1010vs.2.0 × 10, p < 0.01) and was attributed to the difference in collection efficiency (36% vs.7.7%, p < 0.01).The absolute neutrophil count on the following morning of gt was significantly higher in the hes group than in the non-hes group (2460/μl vs.505/μl, p < 0.01).There were no significant differences in the occurrence of adverse events between the hes and non-hes groups.The renal function was unchanged in both groups after apheresis.Conclusions we demonstrated that the advantage of using hes remained unchanged in granulocyte apheresis using spectra optia.

Journal: Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Laboratory Exposures from an Unsuspected Case of Human Infection with Brucella canis.

We report a case of human infection with a brucella canis isolate in an adult in canada who was receiving a biologic immunomodulating medication.We detail subsequent investigations, which showed that 17 clinical microbiology staff had high-risk exposures to the isolate, 1 of whom had a positive result for b.Canis.

Journal: Emerging infectious diseases (2021)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Impact of Reverse Causation on Estimates of Cancer Risk Associated With Radiation Exposure From Computerized Tomography: A Simulation Study Modeled on Brain Cancer.

Use of computed tomography (ct) scanning has increased substantially since its introduction in the 1990s.Several authors have reported increased risk of leukemia and brain tumors associated with radiation exposure from ct scans.However, reverse causation is a concern, particularly for brain cancer; in other words, the ct scan may have been taken because of preexisting cancer and therefore not have been a cause.We assessed the possibility of reverse causation via a simulation study focused on brain tumors, using a simplified version of the data structure for recent ct studies.Five-year-lagged and unlagged analyses implied an observed excess risk per scan up to 70% lower than the true excess risk per scan, particularly when more than 10% of persons with latent cancer had increased numbers of scans or the extra scanning rate after development of latent cancer was greater than 2 scans/year; less extreme values of these parameters imply little risk attenuation.Without a lag and when more than 20% of persons with latent cancer had increased scans-an arguably implausible scenario-the excess risk per scan was increased over the true excess risk per scan by up to 35%-40%.This study suggests that with a realistic lag, reverse causation results in downwardly biased risk, a result of induced classical measurement error, and is therefore unlikely to produce a spurious positive association between cancer and radiation dose from ct scans.

Journal: American journal of epidemiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural