syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Maternal cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption and congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (cdh) occurs when abnormal diaphragm development allows herniation of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity.Its etiopathogenesis is not well understood, but cigarette smoking and alcohol exposure may impact diaphragm development.Using data from a large, population-based case-control study, we examined associations between maternal cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption and cdh in offspring.Methods we analyzed maternal interview reports of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption during early pregnancy for 831 children with cdh and 11,416 children without birth defects with estimated dates of delivery during 1997-2011.Generalized linear mixed effects models with a random intercept for study site were used to estimate associations between measures of exposure to smoking (any, type, frequency, duration) and alcohol (any, quantity, frequency, variability, type) for all cdh combined and selected subtypes (bochdalek and morgagni).Results mothers of 280 (34.0%) case and 3,451 (30.3%) control children reported early pregnancy exposure to cigarette smoking.Adjusted odds ratios for all cdh were increased for any (1.3; 95% confidence interval 1.1-1.5), active (1.3, 1.0-1.7), and passive (1.4, 1.1-1.7) smoking.Early pregnancy alcohol consumption was reported by mothers of 286 (34.9%) case and 4,200 (37.0%) control children; odds were near the null for any consumption (0.9, 0.8-1.1) and consumption with (0.9, 0.7, 1.1) or without (0.9, 0.8, 1.1) binging.Estimates for smoking and alcohol tended to be higher for bochdalek cdh and morgagni cdh than those for all cdh.Conclusions findings suggest that maternal early pregnancy exposure to cigarette smoking, but less so to alcohol consumption, contributes to cdh.These findings need to be replicated in additional large studies that use systematic case ascertainment and classification, detailed exposure assessment, and examine subtype-specific associations.

Journal: Birth defects research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Effects of Piperlongumine Derivative PL 1-3-Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles on Lipopolysaccharide/d-Galactosamine-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice.

In recent years, piperlongumine (pl) having specific cytotoxicity has attracted considerable attention for anticancer activity.Through structural modification, the active derivative pl 1-3 shows potential anti-inflammatory activity and low cytotoxicity, but its water solubility is low.Here, pl 1-3-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (1-3 nps) were prepared and characterized, which can improve the dissolution.1-3 nps exhibited effective hepatoprotective effects on lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury of mice, which was similar to liver injury in clinical settings.1-3 nps treatment can inhibit inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis via the downregulation of nf-κb signaling pathways, the activation of nrf2/ho-1 signaling pathways, and the inhibition of expression of bax and caspase 3 proteins.The above results demonstrated that pl 1-3-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles possessed potential value in intervention of inflammation-based liver injury.

Journal: Molecular pharmaceutics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Movement disorders in pregnancy.

Movement disorders in women during pregnancy are uncommon.Therefore, high quality studies are limited, and guidelines are lacking for the treatment of movement disorders in pregnancy, thus posing a significant therapeutic challenge for the treating physicians.In this chapter, we discuss movement disorders that arise during pregnancy and the preexisting movement disorders during pregnancy.Common conditions encountered in pregnancy include but are not limited to restless legs syndrome, chorea gravidarum, parkinson disease, essential tremor, and huntington disease as well as more rare movement disorders (wilson's disease, dystonia, etc.).This chapter summarizes the published literature on movement disorders and pharmacologic and surgical considerations for neurologists and physicians in other specialties caring for patients who are pregnant or considering pregnancy.

Journal: Handbook of clinical neurology (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Secretomic analyses ofRuminiclostridium papyrosolvensreveal its enzymatic basis for lignocellulose degradation.

Efficient biotechnological conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to valuable products, such as transportation biofuels, is ecologically attractive, yet requires substantially improved mechanistic understanding and optimization to become economically feasible.Cellulolytic clostridia, such as ruminiclostridium papyrosolvens(previously clostridium papyrosolvens), produce a wide variety of carbohydrate-active enzymes (cazymes) including extracellular multienzyme complexes-cellulosomes with different specificities for enhanced cellulosic biomass degradation.Identification of the secretory components, especially cazymes, during bacterial growth on lignocellulose and their influence on bacterial catalytic capabilities provide insight into construction of potent cellulase systems of cell factories tuned or optimized for the targeted substrate by matching the type and abundance of enzymes and corresponding transporters.Results in this study, we firstly predicted a total of 174 putative cazymes from the genome of r.Papyrosolvens, including 74 cellulosomal components.To explore profile of secreted proteins involved in lignocellulose degradation, we compared the secretomes of r.Papyrosolvensgrown on different substrates using label-free quantitative proteomics.Cazymes, extracellular solute-binding proteins (sbps) of transport systems and proteins involved in spore formation were enriched in the secretome of corn stover for lignocellulose degradation.Furthermore, compared with free cazymes, complex cazymes (cellulosomal components) had larger fluctuations in variety and abundance of enzymes among four carbon sources.In particular, cellulosomal proteins encoded by thecip-celoperon and thexyl-docgene cluster had the highest abundance with corn stover as substrate.Analysis of differential expression of cazymes revealed a substrate-dependent secretion pattern of cazymes, which was consistent with their catalytic activity from each secretome determined on different cellulosic substrates.The results suggest that the expression of cazymes is regulated by the type of substrate in the growth medium.Conclusions in the present study, our results demonstrated the complexity of the lignocellulose degradation systems of r.Papyrosolvensand showed the potency of its biomass degradation activity.Differential proteomic analyses and activity assays of cazymes secreted by r.Papyrosolvenssuggested a distinct environment-sensing strategy for cellulose utilization in which r.Papyrosolvensmodulated the composition of the cazymes, especially cellulosome, according to the degradation state of its natural substrate.

Journal: Biotechnology for biofuels (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Multifocal Neuroarthropathy of the Knee and Foot Induced by Physical Training of the Lower Extremities in a Patient With Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.

Charcot neuroarthropathy is a progressive arthropathy associated with neuropathy.In patients with diabetes, charcot neuroarthropathy mostly affects the foot.In the present case, we encountered a rare presentation of charcot neuroarthropathy of the knee and foot in a patient with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.The patient, who may have developed the disease as a result of inappropriate physical exercise, was treated with total knee arthroplasty.

Journal: Cureus (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Associations between the severity of nasal septal deviation and nasopharynx volume in different ages and sexes: a cone-beam computed tomography study.

Nasal septum deviation (nsd) can cause serious anatomical and clinical complications.It can change the breathing pattern and thus alter the anatomy of the airway structures.Despite its importance, the association between nsd with the nasopharynx volume (npv) has not been assessed before.Therefore, we aimed to investigate it for the first time.Methods archival cbcts of 202 patients older than 17 years and without any history of trauma or pathology of the nasopharynx and without any orthodontic/orthognathic treatments were evaluated (129 women, 73 men, mean age: 36.24 ± 14.61 years).All included cbcts must have been taken with a 12 × 8 field of view and fully covered the nasopharynx areas.The extent of nsd (°) and npv (mm3) were measured.Nsds were categorized as mild (nsd ˂ 9°), moderate (9 ≤ nsd ≤ 15°), and severe (nsd ˃ 15°).Associations between sex, age, nsd, and nasopharynx volume were assessed using independent-samples t test, chi-square, one-way anova, tamhane post hoc test, pearson and point-biserial correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regressions (α = 0.05).Results mean nsds were 11.27 ± 4.69° (range 1-19.5), 11.58 ± 4.63°, and 10.70 ± 4.76° in the sample, females, and males, respectively (p > 0.05).Of females, 27.9%, 40.3%, and 31.8% had mild, moderate, and severe nsds.These were 35.6%, 39.7%, and 24.7% in males (p > 0.05).Mean npvs were 4.88 ± 1.49, 4.80 ± 1.43, and 5.04 ± 1.60 mm3in the sample, females, and males, respectively (p > 0.05).Mean npvs were 6.41 ± 1.21, 4.87 ± 0.73, and 3.30 ± 0.65 mm3in mild, moderate, and severe nsd groups (all p values = 0.000).Mean ages were 27.06 ± 6.49, 29.80 ± 9.64, and 54.73 ± 8.45 years in mild, moderate, and severe nsd groups (severe group being older than the other two groups, p = 0.000).Nsd was strongly, negatively correlated with npv (r = - 0.793, p = 0.000).Sex was not correlated with npv or nsd (p ≥ 0.189).Age was negatively and positively correlated with npv and nsd, respectively (p = 0.000).Modeling nsd (β = -0.776, p = 0.000) as a predictor for npv rendered age effect insignificant (p > 0.05).Conclusions it was found, for the first time, that the more deviated the nasal septum, the smaller the nasopharynx volume.Aging might increase nsd and through it, reduce the nasopharynx volume.Sex might not affect nsd or npv.

Journal: Maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Electrophysiological markers of mind wandering: A systematic review.

The ability to mentally wander away from the external environment is a remarkable feature of the human mind.Although recent years have witnessed a surge of interest in examining mind wandering using eeg, there is no comprehensive review that summarizes and accounts for the variable findings.Accordingly, we conducted a systematic review that synthesizes evidence from eeg studies that examined the electrophysiological measures of mind wandering.Our search yielded 42 studies that met eligibility criteria.The reviewed literature converges on a reduction in the amplitude of canonical erp components (i.e., p1, n1 and p3) as the most reliable markers of mind wandering.Spectral findings were less robust, but point towards greater activity in lower frequency bands, (i.e., delta, theta, and alpha), as well as a decrease in beta band activity, during mind wandering compared to on-task states.The variability in these findings appears to be modulated by the task context.To integrate these findings, we propose an electrophysiological account of mind wandering that explains how the brain supports this inner experience.Conclusions drawn from this work will inform future endeavours in basic science to map out electrophysiological patterns underlying mind wandering and in translational science using eeg to predict the occurrence of this phenomenon.

Journal: NeuroImage (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Systematic Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Global Single Clustering of Phenotype-Associated Human Aging Genes in the Co-Expression and Physical Interaction Networks: An OMIM-Based Investigative Review.

While a large wealth of literature on aging pertains to in silico, experimental, and predicted genes, many of those genes do not have validated phenotypic consequences in human.Online mendelian inheritance in man (omim) provides an exceptional compendium of authoritative, validated aging genes and phenotypes, the interactions among which may enhance the overall perspective of aging mechanisms in human.Methods here, we reviewed and investigated the global clustering pattern of the omim-indexed aging genes (until april 2021) in the gene co-expression and physical interaction networks, using the two keywords "aging" and "ageing".To allow for validity check, we randomly selected six sets of genes from the human genome as control genes, each set consisting of a similar number of genes obtained from the omim search.String was implemented in the weighted setting and using the edge betweenness parameter, to construct the integrated and tissue-specific networks of the age-related and control genes.Results 286 aging (ageing) genes and a wide spectrum of 96 associated phenotypes were detected, including late-onset neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, osteoarthritis, and longevity.Despite the general terms used and the vast range of age-related phenotypes, we detected single clustering of the omim-extracted aging (ageing) genes in each of the integrated weighted co-expression and physical interaction networks (p<0.0005), as opposed to multiple clustering of the control genes (p≥0.04).Tp53 was the overlapping hub gene in each of the networks.Three genes, tp53, app, and sirt1 were the consistent hub genes co-expressed across eleven selected human tissues frequently affected by age-related phenotypes.Conclusion we propose predominant single clustering of the human phenotype-associated aging genes in the co-expression and physical interaction networks, and list the top pathways and genes involved.

Journal: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Maternal inflammation and its ramifications on fetal neurodevelopment.

Exposure to heightened inflammation in pregnancy caused by infections or other inflammatory insults has been associated with the onset of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in children.Rodent models have provided unique insights into how this maternal immune activation (mia) disrupts brain development.Here, we discuss the key immune factors involved, highlight recent advances in determining the molecular and cellular pathways of mia, and review how the maternal immune system affects fetal development.We also examine the roles of microbiomes in shaping maternal immune function and the development of autism-like phenotypes.A comprehensive understanding of the gut bacteria-immune-neuro interaction in mia is essential for developing diagnostic and therapeutic measures for high-risk pregnant women and identifying targets for treating inflammation-induced neurodevelopmental disorders.

Journal: Trends in immunology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review;Comment
Endosonographers performing on-site evaluation of solid pancreatic specimens for EUS-guided biopsy: A formal training method and learning curves.

S this study aimed to examine the effects of a training program combining formal cytological curriculum and practical assessments on endosonographers and to determine how many operations were needed for training through learning curves.Methods a formal cytological curriculum was implemented in november 2019 for four endosonographers.The competency of endosonographers before and after the curriculum was judged by quantitative scores.From december 2019 to october 2020, trainees independently examined the adequacy and atypia grade of pancreatic specimens acquired by eus-guided-fine-needle biopsy based on specific atypical grading criteria.The accuracy of the adequacy and atypia assessment of each trainee was calculated, and learning curves were drawn to evaluate the improvement.Results the median posttraining score improved by 87% from 49 to 91.5 out of 100.Ninety patients were enrolled in the practical assessments.The accuracy for specimen adequacy and atypia assessment of each trainee was 91.7%, 92.8%, 91.0%, and 89.3% and 80.0%, 82.1%, 81.0%, and 78.9%.The learning curves of each trainee showed a steady and significant improvement, and ninety cases were sufficient for satisfactory adequacy assessment.Conclusions basic knowledge of on-site cytopathologic evaluation can be gained through standardized and systematic training.Practical assessments showed that, at the completion of ninety cases, trained endosonographers reached a satisfactory level of recognizing specimen adequacy, but continue practice was needed for atypia assessment.

Journal: Endoscopic ultrasound (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Harnessing Mobile Health Technology for Secondary Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Older Adults: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (cvd), the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, is critical to improving health outcomes and quality of life in our aging population.As mobile health (m health) technology gains universal leverage and popularity, it is becoming more user-friendly for older adults and an adjunct to manage cvd risk and improve overall cardiovascular health.With the rapid advances in m health technology and increasing technological engagement of older adults, a comprehensive understanding of the current literature and knowledge of gaps and barriers surrounding the impact of m health on secondary cvd prevention is essential.After a systematic review of the literature, 26 studies that used m health for secondary cvd prevention focusing on lifestyle behavior change and medication adherence in cohorts with a mean age of ≥60 years were identified.Improvements in health behaviors and medication adherence were observed, particularly when there was a short message service (ie, texting) component involved.Although mobile technologies are becoming more mainstream and are starting to blend more seamlessly with standard health care, there are still distinct barriers that limit implementation particularly in older adults, including affordability, usability, privacy, and security issues.Furthermore, studies on the type of m health that is the most effective for older adults with longer study duration are essential as the field continues to grow.As our population ages, identifying and implementing effective, widely accepted, cost-effective, and time-efficient m health interventions to improve cvd health in a vulnerable demographic group should be a top health priority.

Journal: Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Systematic Review
Pre and postnatal exposure to Chikungunya virus does not affect child neurodevelopmental outcomes at two years of age.

The 2005-06 chikungunya virus (chikv) outbreak in la réunion suggested that mothers could transmit chikv to their neonates while viremic during the intrapartum period, and more than half of the infected neonates showed impaired neurodevelopment at two years of age.However, data sparsity precluded an overview of the developmental impact of vertical infection within the whole prenatal period.Objective & methods the current study assessed two-year old children born to mothers who were infected during the 2014 chikv outbreak in grenada to determine the neurodevelopmental impact of perinatal chikv infection throughout gestation.Mother and child infection status were confirmed by serologic testing (ig g and ig m) for chikv.Cognitive, fine motor, gross motor, language and behavioral outcomes were assessed at two years of age on the intergrowth-21st neurodevelopment assessment (inter-nda).Results no differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes were observed between two-year-old children born to mothers infected with chikv during gestation (n = 149) and those born to mothers not infected with chikv (n = 161).No differences were found in inter-nda scores between children infected with chikv (n = 47) and children not infected with chikv (n = 592).Likewise, there were no differences between children infected with chikv post-partum (n = 19) versus children not infected with chikv (n = 592).Conclusion our findings suggest that children exposed and/or infected with chikv outside of the intrapartum period experience no significant neurodevelopmental delay at two years of age, as measured by the inter-nda, compared to their unexposed and/or uninfected peers.These results complement those of previous studies which showed a neurodevelopmental risk only for children infected during the intrapartum period, while the mother was highly viremic.These results might be reassuring for women of childbearing age and public health officials in chikv-endemic regions.

Journal: PLoS neglected tropical diseases (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Adiaspore development and morphological characteristics in a mouse adiaspiromycosis model.

Lesions of adiaspiromycosis, a respiratory disease affecting wild animals, have been found mainly in dead mammals and free-living mammals captured for surveillance.No report has described an investigation of adiaspore formation progress in the lung.After establishing an experimental mouse model of intratracheal adiaspiromycosis infection with the causative agent emmonsia crescens, we observed adiaspore development.The spores grew and reached a plateau of growth at 70 days post-infection.The median adiaspore diameter showed a plateau of around 40 μm.The characteristic three-layer cell-wall structure of adiaspores was observed in the lung at 70 days post-infection.We examined infection with a few spores, which revealed that adiaspores in the mouse lung progressed from intratracheal infection of at least 400 spores.Moreover, we developed adiaspores in vitro by culture in fetal bovine serum.Although most spores broke, some large spores were intact.They reached about 50 μm diameter.Thick cell walls and dense granules were found as common points between in vitro adiaspores and in vivo adiaspores.These models are expected to be useful for additional investigations of e.Crescens adiaspores and adiaspiromycosis.

Journal: Veterinary research (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article