syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcome of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in Eyes With Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy Versus Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy.

The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcome of descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (dmek) in patients with fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (fecd) and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (pbk).Methods records of consecutive dmek surgeries performed between 2015 and 2016 at the department of ophthalmology, cologne, germany, were retrospectively reviewed from the prospective cologne dmek database.Eyes with either pbk or fecd with a complete 3-year follow-up were enrolled.Main outcome parameters included central corneal thickness (cct), peripheral corneal thickness (pct), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (bscva, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution), and endothelial cell count (ecc) before and after dmek.Results four hundred two eyes from 402 patients were included (fecd n = 371, pbk n = 31).Preoperatively, cct (fecd: 681.91 ± 146.78 μm; pbk: 932.25 ± 319.84 μm) and pct (fecd: 732.26 ± 98.22 μm; pbk: 867.54 ± 88.72 μm) were significantly higher in the pbk group (p < 0.01).Three years after dmek, cct (fecd: 526.56 ± 27.94 μm; pbk 663.71 ± 132.36 μm) was significantly lower in both groups compared with the preoperative values (p < 0.01), whereas pct showed no significant difference.Pct increased during the course in the pbk group from month 12 after dmek (12 mo: 783.73 ± 127.73 μm; 24 mo: 837.50 ± 110.19 μm; 36 mo: 857.79 ± 140.76 μm).The increase in pct correlated with an accelerated ecc loss starting 12 months after dmek (p = 0.036).Before dmek, bscva in fecd was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared with that in pbk.After 3 years, bscva improved in fecd and pbk eyes without significant difference (p = 0.239).Conclusions visual acuity after dmek in pbk and fecd seems to be comparable during the long-term follow-up.Peripheral and central corneal edema seems to recur faster in eyes with pbk than in those with fecd.Therefore, using a donor graft with higher ecc or possibly a larger graft could be a promising approach for pbk patients.

Journal: Cornea (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study
Variation of the seed endophytic bacteria among plant populations and their plant growth-promoting activities in a wild mustard plant species,Capsella bursa-pastoris.

Recent studies have revealed that some bacteria can inhabit plant seeds, and they are likely founders of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere of or inside plants at the early developmental stage.Given that the seedling establishment is a critical fitness component of weedy plant species, the effects of seed endophytic bacteria (seb) on the seedling performance are of particular interest in weed ecology.Here, we characterized the seb in natural populations of capsella bursa-pastoris, a model species of weed ecology.The composition of endophytic bacterial community was evaluated using deep sequencing of a 16s r dna gene fragment.Additionally, we isolated bacterial strains from seeds and examined their plant growth-promoting traits.Actinobacteria, firmicutes, alpha-, and gammaproteobacteria were major bacterial phyla inside seeds.c.bursa-pastorisnatural populations exhibited variable seed microbiome such that the proportion of actinobacteria and alphaproteobacteria differed among populations, and 60 out of 82 otus occurred only in a single population.Thirteen cultivable bacterial species in six genera (bacillus,rhodococcus,streptomyces,staphylococcus,paenibacillus,pseudomonas) were isolated, and none of them except staphylococcus haemolyticuswere previously reported as seed endophytes.Eight isolates exhibited plant growth-promoting traits like phosphate solubilization activity, indole-3-acetic acid, or siderophore production.Despite the differences in the bacterial communities among plant populations, at least one isolated strain from each population stimulated shoot growth of either c.bursa-pastorisor its close relative a.thalianawhen grown with plants in the same media.These results suggest that a weedy plant species,c.bursa-pastoris, contains bacterial endophytes inside their seeds, stimulating seedling growth and thereby potentially affecting seedling establishment.

Journal: Ecology and evolution (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effect of UV-B radiation on morphology, phenolic compound production, gene expression, and subsequent drought stress responses in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

It has been suggested that accumulation of flavonoids could be a key step in development of plant tolerance to different environmental stresses.Moreover, it has been recognized that abiotic stresses such as drought and uv-b radiation (280-315 nm) induce phenolic compound accumulation, suggesting a role for these compounds in drought tolerance.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of uv-b exposure on chili pepper (capsicum annuum, cv.'coronel') plant performance, phenolic compound production, and gene expression associated with response to subsequent drought stress.Additionally, the phenotypic response to drought stress of these plants was studied.Uv-b induced a reduction both in stem length, stem dry weight and number of floral primordia.The largest reduction in these variables was observed when combining uv-b and drought.Uv-b-treated well-watered plants displayed fructification approximately 1 week earlier than non-uv-b-treated controls.Flavonoids measured epidermally in leaves significantly increased during uv-b treatment.Specifically, uv-b radiation significantly increased chlorogenic acid and apigenin 8-c-hexoside levels in leaves and a synergistic increase of luteolin 6-c-pentoside-8-c-hexoside was obtained by uv-b and subsequent drought stress.Gene expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) and chalcone synthase (chs) genes also increased during uv-b treatments.On the other hand, expression of genes related to an oxidative response, such as mitochondrial mn-superoxide dismutase (mn-sod) and peroxidase (pod) was not induced by uv-b.Drought stress in uv-b-treated plants induced mitochondrial mn-sod gene expression.Taken together, the uv-b treatment did not induce significant tolerance in plants towards drought stress under the conditions used.

Journal: Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Convergence of the Laplace and the alternative multipole expansion approximation series for the Coulomb potential.

Multipole expansion is a powerful technique used in many-body physics to solve dynamical problems involving correlated interactions between constituent particles.The laplace multipole expansion series of the coulomb potential is well established in literature.We compare its convergence with our recently developed perturbative and analytical alternative multipole expansion series of the coulomb potential.In our working, we confirm that the laplace and the analytical alternative multipole expansion series are equivalent as expected.In terms of performance, the perturbative alternative multipole expansion series underapproximate the expected results to some extent while the laplace and the analytical alternative multipole expansion series yield results which are relatively accurate but oscillatory in nature even with a higher number of angular momentum terms employed.As a practical example, we have evaluated the slater double integrals for two-electron systems using the multipole expansion techniques and a mean field approximation.The estimated results show that only spherical interactions are dominant while the higher-order interactions are negligible.To highlight the discrepancy in the application of each of the formulations of the multipole expansion series for the electron-electron interaction potential, an estimation of the non-relativistic groundstate energies of some helium-like systems, evaluated using the spherical approximation of the multipole potential, is provided.Our findings are likely to be useful in the treatment of the coulomb potential in electronic structure calculations as well as in celestial mechanics.

Journal: Scientific reports (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Atypical double colorectal metastasis: spleen and uterus.

Oligometastatic disease is a relatively new concept that refers to an intermediate stage between disseminated and localized cancer.Most frequent locations for colorectal metastasis are lung and liver.We present an a typical case of an 85-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a low-grade adenocarcinoma in left colon; she underwent a left laparoscopic hemicolectomy which resulted in a stage iiib.After 24 months of follow-up, an increase of carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) leads to the diagnosis of two metastatic lesions in two uncommon locations: spleen and myometrium.Stepwise surgical resection of both lesions was performed without complications.Spleen and uterus are organs that are rarely affected in colorectal cancer, the affection of both organs being even more infrequent.Despite the atypicality, surgical treatment is a valid strategy in this case of oligometastatic disease, which enables the disease-free survival of the patients.

Journal: Journal of surgical case reports (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Asymmetric Synthesis of Trisubstituted Tetrahydrothiophenes via in Situ Generated Chiral Fluoride-Catalyzed Cascade Sulfa-Michael/Aldol Reaction of 1,4-Dithiane-2,5-diol and α,β-Unsaturated Ketones.

A chiral fluoride-catalyzed asymmetric cascade sulfa-michael/aldol condensation reaction of 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol and a series of α,β-unsaturated ketones is described to access chiral trisubstituted tetrahydrothiophene derivatives.The target products, including the spiro tetrahydrothiophene derivatives bearing a five-, six-, and seven-membered ring, were highly functionalized and showed high ee value.This established protocol realized a highly enantioselective reaction with a catalytic amount of kf and song's chiral oligo eg via in situ generated chiral fluoride to construct useful heterocyclic skeletons with great complexity.

Journal: Organic letters (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Toward a general and interpretable umami taste predictor using a multi-objective machine learning approach.

The umami taste is one of the five basic taste modalities normally linked to the protein content in food.The implementation of fast and cost-effective tools for the prediction of the umami taste of a molecule remains extremely interesting to understand the molecular basis of this taste and to effectively rationalise the production and consumption of specific foods and ingredients.However, the only examples of umami predictors available in the literature rely on the amino acid sequence of the analysed peptides, limiting the applicability of the models.In the present study, we developed a novel ml-based algorithm, named virtuous umami, able to predict the umami taste of a query compound starting from its smiles representation, thus opening up the possibility of potentially using such a model on any database through a standard and more general molecular description.Herein, we have tested our model on five databases related to foods or natural compounds.The proposed tool will pave the way toward the rationalisation of the molecular features underlying the umami taste and toward the design of specific peptide-inspired compounds with specific taste properties.

Journal: Scientific reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The Ethics of Gene Editing from an Islamic Perspective: A Focus on the Recent Gene Editing of the Chinese Twins.

In light of the development of "crispr" technology, new promising advances in therapeutic and preventive approaches have become a reality.However, with it came many ethical challenges.The most recent worldwide condemnation of the first use of crispr to genetically modify a human embryo is the latest example of ethically questionable use of this new and emerging field.Monotheistic religions are very conservative about such changes to the human genome and can be considered an interference with god's creation.Moreover, these changes could cause perpetual changes to future generations.The muslim scholars establish their decisions by addressing five foundations of islamic law i.e."maqāṣid al sharı̄`a"; the purposes of the law.These are dın̄ (religion), nafs (life), nasl (progeny), `aql (intellect) and māl (wealth).To achieve this, the five principles should all be met before approval of an experiment like the chinese embryo modifications; qaṣd (intention) which is achieved in this case as it aims to protect the embryo from hiv.Yaqın̄ (certainty) and ḍarar (injury) were not satisfied as they require strong scientific certainty of the procedures, and evidence of safety.Ḍarūra (necessity) by which the alternatives being compared; in this case more established and proven safe alternatives to protect the hiv transmission from the father are available, so this principle is not met.The final principle is `urf (custom), by which the social context of using any contemporary technology should be taken in consideration, and clearly this was not achieved.Collectively, germline changes are rejected from an islamic perspective until the five principles are fulfilled.In the chinese twins gene editing case, there was clearly no justification or support for it according to the muslim jurisprudence laws.These laws and approaches can serve as an ethical checklist for such controversial research, especially in early stages of the research.

Journal: Science and engineering ethics (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Trends of Acute Ischemic Stroke Reperfusion Therapies from 2012 to 2016 in the United States.

American heart association/american stroke association guidelines recommend endovascular stroke therapy (est) with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-pa) for eligible patients in acute ischemic stroke (ais).Using the national inpatient sample database, we evaluated trends in treatment with rt-pa and est for ais and their outcomes.Methods this is a cross-sectional observational study of patients with ais admitted in us hospitals from 2012 to 2016.Patients were grouped into those who received rt-pa alone, est alone, and rt pa+est.Survey statistical procedures were performed.Multivariable regression analysis with pairwise comparisons of each treatment group with no treatment group was performed for discharge outcomes.Results the study included 2,290,520 patients with ais with the mean age of 70.46 years.Treatment rates increased from 2012 to 2016 for rt-pa by 7% per year (5.86%-7.67%, odds ratio [or] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [ci]: 1.05-1.08) and est by 38% per year (0.55%-1.75%, or = 1.38, 95% ci: 1.31-1.45) but not rt-pa+est (0.54%-0.57%, or = 1.04, 95% ci: 0.99-1.08).The mean length of stay reduced from 2012 to 2016 for rt-pa (6.07-4.91 days, p < 0.0001) and rt-pa+est (9.19-7.10 days, p = 0.0067) but not for est (9.61-8.51 days, p = 0.5074).The odds of patients discharged home increased by 8%, 9%, and 15% among patients who received rt-pa alone, est alone, and rt-pa+est, respectively, compared with no treatment group.Conclusion the utilization of rt-pa alone and est alone increased but that of rt-pa+est remained unchanged from 2012 to 2016 in the national inpatient sample.

Journal: World neurosurgery (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study
Breast Cancer: Reimbursement Policies and Adoption of New Therapeutic Agents by National Health Systems.

Breast cancer is a cause of morbidity for more than half a million of patients in europe, resulting in broad societal impacts that affect patients, families, and societies from a human, emotional, economic, and financial perspective.Expenditure for cancer medicines represents one of the principal driving costs of healthcare.The aim of this review is to describe the european policy and regulatory landscape of innovation uptake in breast oncology - with emphasis on value in cancer healthcare.Summary in europe, several reimbursement models or policy tools have been developed by countries to compose their benefit packages.The most commonly applied scheme is the product-specific eligibility model, prioritizing selected medicines and their indications.Mixed models are commonly developed, addressing the protection of more vulnerable people, ensuring protection from impoverishment caused by cancer and containing disparities.However, the risk to incur significant out-of-pocket expenses for essential or newer medicines for cancer is still substantial in europe, especially in low- and middle-income countries, determining greater financial distress and poorer outcome for patients.Value-based priority setting is an essential mechanism to ensure timely access to the most valuable medicines for breast cancer patients.Estimations of the value of medicines can be provided within health technology assessment services and networks and informed by benefit scales and tools.Key messages there is ample room for reciprocal support across the diverse cultural and legal realities in europe.The aim is common: save cancer patients from premature death by ensuring the timely access to the best care, protecting from financial hardships and distress to leave no cancer patient behind in poverty.Steps are to be taken to promote value-based priority setting, paving the way toward universal health coverage in europe, where health of people is protected, and affordable best quality care is the only standard pursued and acceptable.

Journal: Breast care (Basel, Switzerland) (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Effects of Chinese Mind-Body Exercises on Executive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Chinese mind-body exercises (cmbes) are positively associated with executive function (ef), but their effects on ef, from synthesized evidence using systematic and meta-analytic reviews, have not been conducted.Therefore, the present systematic review with meta-analysis attempted to determine whether cmbes affect ef and its sub-domains, as well as how exercise, sample, and study characteristics moderate the causal relationship between cmbes and ef in middle-aged and older adults.Seven electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published from the inception of each database through june 2020 (pub med, web of science, embase, cochrane controlled trials register, wanfang, china national knowledge infrastructure, and weipu).Randomized controlled trials with at least one outcome measure of cmbes on ef in adults of mean age ≥ 50 years with intact cognition or mild cognitive impairment (mci) and with or without chronic diseases were included.A total of 29 studies (n= 2,934) ultimately were included in this study.The results indicated that cmbes improved overall ef (standardized mean differences = 0.28, 95% ci 0.12, 0.44), as well as its sub-domains of working memory and shifting.The beneficial effects of cmbes on ef occurred regardless of type (tai chi, qigong), frequency of group classes (≤2 time, 3-4 time, ≥5 times), session time (≤45 min, 46-60 min), total training time (≥150 to ≤300 min, >300 min), and length of the cmbes (4-12 week, 13-26 week, and >26 week), in addition to that more frequent participation in both group classes and home practice sessions (≥5 times per week) resulted in more beneficial effects.The positive effects of cmbes on ef were also demonstrated, regardless of participants mean age (50-65 years old, >65 years old), sex (only female, both), and cognitive statuses (normal, mci, not mentioned), health status (with chronic disease, without chronic disease), as well as training mode (group class, group class plus home practice) and study language (english, chinese).This review thus suggests that cmbes can be used as an effective method with small to moderate and positive effects in enhancing ef, and that more frequent group classes and home practice sessions may increase these effects.However, certain limitations, including strictly design studies, limited es (effect size) samples for specific variables, and possible biased publications, required paying particular attention to, for further exploring the effects of cmbes on ef.

Journal: Frontiers in psychology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Global Transcriptome Profiling Identified Transcription Factors, Biological Process, and Associated Pathways for Pre-Harvest Aflatoxin Contamination in Groundnut.

Pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination (pac) in groundnut is a serious quality concern globally, and drought stress before harvest further exacerbate its intensity, leading to the deterioration of produce quality.Understanding the host-pathogen interaction and identifying the candidate genes responsible for resistance to pac will provide insights into the defense mechanism of the groundnut.In this context, about 971.63 million reads have been generated from 16 rna samples under controlled and aspergillus flavusinfected conditions, from one susceptible and seven resistant genotypes.The rna-seq analysis identified 45,336 genome-wide transcripts under control and infected conditions.This study identified 57 transcription factor (tf) families with major contributions from 6570 genes coding for b hlh (719), myb-related (479), nac (437), far1 family protein (320), and a few other families.In the host (groundnut), defense-related genes such as senescence-associated proteins, resveratrol synthase, seed linoleate, pathogenesis-related proteins, peroxidases, glutathione-s-transferases, chalcone synthase, aba-responsive gene, and chitinases were found to be differentially expressed among resistant genotypes as compared to susceptible genotypes.This study also indicated the vital role of aba-responsive abr17, which co-regulates the genes of aba responsive elements during drought stress, while providing resistance against a.Flavusinfection.It belongs to the pr-10 class and is also present in several plant-pathogen interactions.

Journal: Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Evolution of the Teaching of Animal Welfare Science, Ethics and Law in European Veterinary Schools (2012-2019).

Nowadays, animal welfare is seen as a 'common good' and a societal expectation.Veterinarians are expected to promote and ensure the welfare of animals under their care by using their scientific knowledge and skills in ethical reasoning and advocacy.Veterinary education must equip veterinary graduates with the necessary competences to fulfil these roles.In 2013, the federation of veterinarians of europe (fve) and the european association of establishment of veterinary education (eaeve) adopted the day-1 competences on animal welfare science, ethics and law for veterinary undergraduate education after having surveyed european veterinary schools in 2012.In 2019, the fve carried out a follow-up survey to monitor the evolution of animal welfare teaching in europe.A total of 82 responses were received, representing 57 faculties from 25 european countries.Overall results showed that the teaching of animal welfare science, ethics and law has increased in response to growing societal needs, and that welfare is more and more internally embedded in the profession, which is reflected in the curriculum.Nevertheless, at least one quarter of european schools still only partially meet the 2013 day-1 competencies.This indicates the need for greater efforts, both from the eaeve and from individual schools, to ensure that the teaching of animal welfare across europe is standardised.

Journal: Animals : an open access journal from MDPI (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article