syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Myasthenia gravis complicating the surgical management of achondroplasia: a case-based update.

Achondroplasia is the commonest skeletal dysplasia of autosomal dominant inheritance caused by "gain of function" mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (fgfr3) gene.Foramen magnum compression due to accelerated ossification and spinal canal stenosis secondary to reduced interpedicular distance is a hallmark of achondroplasia, driven by g380r nucleotide pair substitution.In severe cases, limb weakness and neurogenic claudication will require surgical decompression.Rarely, a neurological condition may mimic the compressive spinal dysfunction and therefore, non-surgical causes must also be considered in cases of acute neurological deterioration in children with achondroplasia.Myasthenia gravis (mg) is an autoimmune condition resulting in fatigable muscle weakness.There are no reported cases of myasthenia gravis in achondroplasia in the literature.Results we report a child with achondroplasia scheduled for decompressive surgery for severe lumbar canal stenosis presenting with neurological claudication and knee weakness.While waiting for surgery during the covid-19 pandemic, she developed generalized fatigability and severe weakness raising concerns of acute worsening of cord compression.Urgent investigations ruled out spinal cord compression but identified an unexpected concurrent myasthenia gravis with positive antibodies to acetylcholine receptors.The surgical intervention was postponed averting the potential risk of life-threatening anaesthetic complications.She was successfully managed with a combination of pyridostigmine, steroids, azathioprine, and plasma exchange.Conclusion we report the first case of myasthenia gravis in achondroplasia and review implications in the management.

Journal: Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article;Review
MYCN Directly Targets NeuroD1 to Promote Cellular Proliferation in Neuroblastoma.

Neuro d1 is a neuronal differentiation factor that contains a basic helixloophelix (b hlh) motif.Recently, neuro d1 was found to be associated with tumorigenesis in neuroblastoma (nb) and is known to promote cell proliferation and migration in these cells.Here we found that mycn regulates the expression of neuro d1 in nb cells and that the downregulation of mycn using short hairpin rnas (sh rna) results in the inhibition of cellular proliferation in nb cells.Moreover, the phenotype induced by mycn sh rna was rescued by the exogenous expression of neuro d1.Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ch ip) assay showed that mycn directly binds to the e-box element in the neuro d1 promoter region.In addition, our evaluation of two clinical databases showed that there was a positive correlation between the expression of mycn and neuro d1 in nb patients, which supports our in vitro data.In conclusion, this study demonstrates that mycn-regulated neuro d1 expression is one of the important mechanisms underlying enhanced cellular proliferation induced by the increase in mycn expression in nb, and our results provide an important therapeutic target for nb in the future.

Journal: Oncology research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Brain-machine interface control of a manipulator using small-world neural network and shared control strategy.

The improvement of the resolution of brain signal and the ability to control external device has been the most important goal in bmi research field.This paper describes a non-invasive brain-actuated manipulator experiment, which defined a paradigm for the motion control of a serial manipulator based on motor imagery and shared control.The techniques of component selection, spatial filtering and classification of motor imagery were involved.Small-world neural network (swnn) was used to classify five brain states.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed classifier, we replace the swnn classifier by a radial basis function (rbf) networks neural network, a standard multi-layered feed-forward backpropagation network (smn) and a multi-svm classifier, with the same features for the classification.The results also indicate that the proposed classifier achieves a 3.83% improvement over the best results of other classifiers.We proposed a shared control method consisting of two control patterns to expand the control of bmi from the software angle.The job of path building for reaching the 'end' point was designated as an assessment task.We recorded all paths contributed by subjects and picked up relevant parameters as evaluation coefficients.With the assistance of two control patterns and series of machine learning algorithms, the proposed bmi originally achieved the motion control of a manipulator in the whole workspace.According to experimental results, we confirmed the feasibility of the proposed bmi method for 3d motion control of a manipulator using eeg during motor imagery.

Journal: Journal of neuroscience methods (2014)
Publication types: Journal Article
Antioxidant Status of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Supplemented with Vinification By-Products: A Valorization Approach.

Vinification by-products display great potential for utilization as feed additives rich in antioxidant compounds.Thus, the effect of dietary ground grape pomace (ggp), wine lees extract rich in yeast cell walls (wyc), and grape stem extracts (pe) on the relative expression of several genes involved in liver oxidative mechanisms and the oxidative status of the blood and breast muscle of broiler chickens was investigated.In total, 240 one-day-old as hatched chicks (ross 308) were assigned to four treatments, with four replicate pens and 15 birds in each pen.Birds were fed either a basal diet (con) or a basal diet supplemented with 25 g/kg ggp, or 2 g/kg wyc, or 1 g starch including 100 mg pure stem extract/kg (pe) for 42 days.The polyphenolic content of vinification by-products was determined using an lc-ms/ms library indicating as prevailing compounds procyanidin b1 and b2, gallic acid, caftaric acid, (+)-catechin, quercetin, andtrans-resveratrol.Body weight and feed consumption were not significantly affected.The relative transcript level of gpx1and sod1tended to increase in the liver of wyc-fed broilers, while nox2tended to decrease in the pe group.Sod activity in blood plasma was significantly increased in wyc and pe compared to the con group.The total antioxidant capacity measured with frap assay showed significantly higher values in the breast muscle of pe-fed broilers, while the malondialdehyde concentration was significantly decreased in both wyc- and pe-fed broilers compared to the con group.The exploitation of vinification by-products as feed additives appears to be a promising strategy to improve waste valorization and supply animals with bioactive molecules capable of improving animals' oxidative status and products' oxidative stability.

Journal: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Introduction to the special issue on prosociality in adult development and aging: Advancing theory within a multilevel framework.

Prosociality refers to a broad set of behavioral, motivational, cognitive, affective, and social processes that contribute to, and/or are focused on, the welfare of others.This overview summarizes 10 articles included in the special issue on this topic.In discussing this research relative to existing theories, we situate this work within penner et al.'s (annual review of psychology, 56, 2005, 365-392) multilevel framework that recognizes distinct yet integrated levels of analysis to characterize micro- (i.e., intraindividual), meso- (i.e., interpersonal), and macro- (i.e., sociocultural and organizational contexts) level effects.While there is some evidence for lifespan continuity in prosocial dispositions at the micro level, the influences of long-term learning and socialization processes at the meso and macro levels are likely to be maximized in older age.Aside from formal voluteering, the adult lifespan development of prosociality has only recently received attention, especially with respect to influences beyond the micro level.This special issue encompasses research examining developmental change and stability in prosociality that collectively cuts across levels of analysis to inform theories in both adult development and aging and prosociality more generally.We propose future directions that take an integrative approach to understanding the development of prosociality by considering interactions among micro, meso, and macro levels.(psyc info database record (c) 2021 apa, all rights reserved).

Journal: Psychology and aging (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Outpatient oral anticancer agent utilization and costs in Manitoba from 2003 to 2016: a population-based study.

Intervention in april 2012, the manitoba home cancer drug program (hcdp) was introduced to allow 100% coverage for eligible oral anticancer agents (oaa) and supportive medications for manitobans with cancer requiring these therapies.Research questions what is the extent of use and cost of oaas among outpatients in manitoba from 2003/04 to 2015/16?Did the hcdp change oaa user and prescription patterns?Methods this was a retrospective, population-based study using administrative data to measure the prevalence of drug utilization over time and the impact of hcdp on oaa use and prescriptions using generalized linear models.Manitobans with cancer who filled an oaa or supportive medication covered by hcdp from 2003/04 to 2015/16 were included.Results this study included 22,393 people with cancer who filled an oaa prescription.The prevalence of oaa use increased from 222 per 100,000 to 328 per 100,000 from 2003/04 to 2015/16.Hormone therapy for breast cancer was the most common class of oaa used (increased from 154 per 100,000 to 231 per 100,000).We observed a 2.6-fold decrease in the prevalence of oral alkylating agents and a 10.7-fold increase in the prevalence of protein kinase inhibitors during the study period.The total cost of targeted oaas per year for all manitobans with cancer increased from $1.8 million to $19 million.Conclusion we observed an increase in oaa prevalence and the cost of oral targeted chemotherapy is high.Our findings underline the need for addressing these high-cost medications in future developments of a national drug program.

Journal: Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The nature of persistent interactions in two model β-grasp proteins reveals the advantage of symmetry in stability.

Two proteins within the β-grasp superfamily, the b1-domain of protein g and the small archaeal modifier protein 1, were investigated to elucidate the key determinants of structural stability at the level of individual interactions.These symmetrical proteins both contain two β-hairpins which form a sheet flanked by a central α-helix.They were subjected to high temperature molecular dynamics simulations and the detailed behavior of each long-range interaction was characterized.The results revealed that in gb1 the most stable region was the c-terminal hairpin and in samp1 it was the opposite, the n-terminal hairpin.Experimental results for gb1 support this finding.In conclusion, it appears that the difference in the location and number of hydrophobic interactions dictate the differential stability which is accommodated due to structural symmetry of the β-grasp fold.Thus, the hairpins are interchangeable and in nature this lends itself to adaptability and flexibility.

Journal: Journal of computational chemistry (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
TRIM5α Restriction of HIV-1-N74D Viruses in Lymphocytes Is Caused by a Loss of Cyclophilin A Protection.

The core of hiv-1 viruses bearing the capsid change n74d (hiv-1-n74d) do not bind the human protein cpsf6.In primary human cd4+t cells, hiv-1-n74d viruses exhibit an infectivity defect when compared to wild-type.We first investigated whether loss of cpsf6 binding accounts for the loss of infectivity.Depletion of cpsf6 in human cd4+t cells did not affect the early stages of wild-type hiv-1 replication, suggesting that defective infectivity in the case of hiv-1-n74d viruses is not due to the loss of cpsf6 binding.Based on our previous result that cyclophilin a (cyp a) protected hiv-1 from human tripartite motif-containing protein 5α (trim5αhu) restriction in cd4+t cells, we found that depletion of trim5αhuin cd4+t cells rescued the infectivity of hiv-1-n74d, suggesting that hiv-1-n74d cores interacted with trim5αhu.Accordingly, trim5αhubinding to hiv-1-n74d cores was increased compared with that of wild-type cores, and consistently, hiv-1-n74d cores lost their ability to bind cyp a.In agreement with the notion that n74d capsids are defective in their ability to bind cyp a, we found that hiv-1-n74d viruses were 20-fold less sensitive to trimcyp restriction when compared to wild-type viruses in omk cells.Structural analysis revealed that n74d hexameric capsid protein in complex with pf74 is different from wild-type hexameric capsid protein in complex with pf74, which explains the defect of n74d capsids to interact with cyp a.In conclusion, we showed that the decreased infectivity of hiv-1-n74d in cd4+t cells is due to a loss of cyp a protection from trim5αhurestriction activity.

Journal: Viruses (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Extended aperture sample reception method for high-order orbital angular momentum vortex beam mode number measurement.

The traditional phase gradient method can effectively measure the orbital angular momentum (oam) number of the vortex beam.However, its spatial sampling phase aperture span is strictly restricted within only π radian.In this paper, we presented a more flexible extended aperture sampling reception (easr) method for the radio frequency (rf) applications, which can break through this restriction condition.It could make the reception and measurement methods about the oam mode number become more complete and versatile.By converting the higher-order oam mode to a lower-order oam mode, the spatial phase aperture span between the adjacent receiving sampling points can realize extensions.We have conducted a comprehensive theoretical analysis and summarized the general guidelines of this easr method in the main body of the paper.Subsequently, we perform the related numerical simulation calculations to receive and measure the oam mode number of a high-order mode vortex beam using the easr method.Simulation results and theoretical analysis are in good agreement.

Journal: Optics express (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Predicting 30-Day Readmissions: Evidence From a Small Rural Psychiatric Hospital.

To improve quality of care and patient outcomes, and to reduce costs, hospitals in the united states are trying to mitigate readmissions that are potentially avoidable.By identifying high-risk patients, hospitals may be able to proactively adapt treatment and discharge planning to reduce the likelihood of readmission.Our objective in this study was to derive and validate a predictive model of 30-day readmissions for a small rural psychiatric hospital in the northeast.However, this model can be adapted by other rural psychiatric hospitals-a context that has been understudied in the literature.Our sample consisted of 1912 adult inpatients (1281 in the derivation cohort and 631 in the validation cohort), who were admitted between august 1, 2014, and july 31, 2016.We used deidentified data from the hospital's electronic medical record, including physician orders and discharge summaries.These data were merged with community-level variables that reflected the availability of care in the patients' zip codes.We first considered the correlates of 30-day readmission in a regression framework.We found that the probability of readmission increased with the number of previous admissions (vs.No readmissions).Moreover, the probability of readmission was much higher for patients with a depressive disorder (vs.No depressive disorder), with another mood disorder (vs.No other mood disorder), and/or with a psychotic disorder (vs.No psychotic disorder).We used these associations to derive a predictive model, in which we used the regression coefficients to construct a score for each patient.We then estimated the predicted probability of 30-day readmission on the basis of that score.After validating the model, we discuss the implications for clinical practice and the limitations of our approach.

Journal: Journal of psychiatric practice (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Metoclopramide, Dexamethasone, or Palonosetron for Prevention of Delayed Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting After Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy (MEDEA): A Randomized, Phase III, Noninferiority Trial.

For the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (cinv) during the delayed phase (24-120 hours) after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (mec), the use of 3-day dexamethasone (dex) is often recommended.This study compared the efficacy and safety of two dex-sparing regimens with 3-day dex, focusing on delayed nausea.Patients and methods this open-label, randomized, phase iii study was designed to demonstrate noninferiority of two dex-sparing regimens: ondansetron + dex on day 1 + metoclopramide on days 2-3 (mcp arm), and palonosetron + dex on day 1 (pal arm) versus ondansetron on day 1 + dex on days 1-3 (dex arm) in chemotherapy-naïve patients receiving mec.Primary efficacy endpoint was total control (tc; no emetic episodes, no use of rescue medication, no nausea) in the delayed phase.Noninferiority was defined as a lower 95% ci greater than the noninferiority margin set at -20%.Secondary endpoints included no vomiting, no rescue medication, no (significant) nausea, impact of cinv on quality of life, and antiemetics-associated side effects.Results treatment arms were comparable for 189 patients analyzed: predominantly male (55.7%), median age 65.0 years, colorectal cancer (85.7%), and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (81.5%).Mcp demonstrated noninferiority to dex for delayed tc (mcp 56.1% vs.Dex 50.0%; 95% ci, -11.3%, 23.5%).Pal also demonstrated noninferiority to dex (pal 55.6% vs.Dex 50.0%; 95% ci, -12.0%, 23.2%).There were no statistically significant differences for all secondary endpoints between treatment arms.Conclusion this study showed that dex-sparing regimens are noninferior to multiple-day dex in terms of delayed tc rate in patients undergoing mec.Clinical trials.gov identifier.Nct02135510.Implications for practice chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (cinv) in the delayed phase (24-120 hours after chemotherapy) remains one of the most troublesome adverse effects associated with cancer treatment.In particular, delayed nausea is often poorly controlled.The role of dexamethasone (dex) in the prevention of delayed nausea after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (mec) is controversial.This study is the first to include nausea assessment as a part of the primary study outcome to better gauge the effectiveness of cinv control and patients' experience.Results show that a dex-sparing strategy does not result in any significant loss of overall antiemetic control: dex-sparing strategies incorporating palonosetron or multiple-day metoclopramide are safe and at least as effective as standard treatment with a 3-day dex regimen with ondansetron in controlling delayed cinv-and nausea in particular-following mec.

Journal: The oncologist (2021)
Publication types: Clinical Trial, Phase III;Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Bromodomains: a new target class for drug development.

Less than a decade ago, it was shown that bromodomains, acetyl lysine 'reader' modules found in proteins with varied functions, were highly tractable small-molecule targets.This is an unusual property for protein-protein or protein-peptide interaction domains, and it prompted a wave of chemical probe discovery to understand the biological potential of new agents that targeted bromodomains.The original examples, inhibitors of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (bet) class of bromodomains, showed enticing anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, and several compounds have since advanced to human clinical trials.Here, we review the current state of bet inhibitor biology in relation to clinical development, and we discuss the next wave of bromodomain inhibitors with clinical potential in oncology and non-oncology indications.The lessons learned from bet inhibitor programmes should affect efforts to develop drugs that target non-bet bromodomains and other epigenetic readers.

Journal: Nature reviews. Drug discovery (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
A Natural Polymer Captor for Immobilizing Polysulfide/Polyselenide in Working Li-SeS2Batteries.

Se s2has become a promising cathode material owing to its enhanced electrical conductivity over sulfur and higher theoretical specific capacity than selenium; however, the working li-se s2batteries have to face the practical challenges from the severe shuttling of soluble dual intermediates of polysulfide and polyselenide, especially in high-se s2-loading cathodes.Herein, a natural organic polymer, nicandra physaloides pectin (npp), is proposed to serve as an effective polysulfide/polyselenide captor to address the shuttling issues.Informed by theoretical calculations, npp is competent to provide a lewis base-based strong binding interaction with polysulfides/polyselenides via forming lithium bonds, and it can be homogeneously deposited onto a three-dimensional double-carbon conductive scaffold to finally constitute a polysulfide/polyselenide-immobilizing interlayer.Operando spectroscopy analysis validates the enhanced polysulfide/polyselenide trapping and high conversion efficiency on the constructed interlayer, hence bestowing the li-se s2cells with ultrahigh rate capability (448 m ah g-1at 10 a g-1), durable cycling lifespan (≈ 0.037% capacity attenuation rate per cycle), and high areal capacity (> 6.5 m ah cm-2) at high se s2loading of 15.4 mg cm-2.Importantly, pouch cells assembled with this interlayer exhibit excellent flexibility, decent rate capability with relatively low electrolyte-to-capacity ratio, and stable cycling life even under a low electrolyte condition, promising a low-cost, viable design protocol toward practical li-se s2batteries.

Journal: Nano-micro letters (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article