syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Macrophage-Targeting and Complete Lysosomal Degradation of Self-assembled Two-Dimensional Poly(ε-caprolactone) Platelet Particles.

Understanding cellular uptake and particle trafficking within the cells is essential for targeted drug delivery applications.Existing studies reveal that the geometrical aspects of nanocarriers, for example, shape and size, determine their cell uptake and sub-cellular transport pathways.However, considerable efforts have been directed toward understanding the cell uptake mechanism and trafficking of spherical particles.Detailed analysis on the uptake mechanism and downstream intracellular processing of non-spherical particles remains elusive.Here, we used polymeric two-dimensional platelets based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (pcl) prepared by living crystallization-driven self-assembly as a platform to investigate the cell uptake and intracellular transport of non-spherical particlesin vitro.Pcl is known to degrade only slowly, and these platelets were still stable after 2 days of incubation in artificial lysosomal media.Upon cell uptake, the platelets were transported through an endo/lysosomal pathway and were found to degrade completely in the lysosome at the end of the cell uptake cycle.We observed a morphological transformation of the lysosomes, which correlates with the stages of platelet degradation in the lysosome.Overall, we found an accelerated degradation of pcl, which was likely caused by mechanical forces inside the highly stretched endosomes.

Journal: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Loss of endangered frugivores from seed dispersal networks generates severe mutualism disruption.

Many tropical seed-dispersing frugivores are facing extinction, but the consequences of the loss of endangered frugivores for seed dispersal is not well understood.We investigated the role of frugivore endangerment status via robustness-to-coextinction simulations (in this context, more accurately described as robustness-to-partner-loss simulations) using data from the brazilian atlantic forest biodiversity hotspot.By simulating the extinction of endangered frugivores, we found a rapid and disproportionate loss of tree species with dispersal partners in the network, and this surprisingly surpassed any other frugivore extinction scenario, including the loss of the most generalist frugivores first.A key driver of this pattern is that many specialist plants rely on at-risk frugivores as seed-dispersal partners.Moreover, interaction compensation in the absence of endangered frugivores may be unlikely because frugivores with growing populations forage on fewer plant species than frugivores with declining populations.Therefore, protecting endangered frugivores could be critical for maintaining tropical forest seed dispersal, and their loss may have higher-than-expected functional consequences for tropical forests, their regeneration processes, and the maintenance of tropical plant diversity.

Journal: Proceedings. Biological sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Synthesis of novel pyrroles and fused pyrroles as antifungal and antibacterial agents.

Pyrroles and its fused forms possess antimicrobial activities, they can easily interact with biomolecules of living systems.A series of substituted pyrroles, and its fused pyrimidines and triazines forms have been synthesised, all newly synthesised compound structures were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis.Generally, the compounds inhibited growth of some important human pathogens, the best effect was given by:2a, 3c, 4don gram-positive bacteria and was higher on yeast (c.Albicans), by5con gram-negative bacteria and by5a then 3con filamentous fungi(a.Fumigatusand f.Oxysporum).Such results present good antibacterial and antifungal potential candidates to help overcome the global problem of antibiotic resistance and opportunistic infections outbreak.Compound3cgave the best anti-phytopathogenic effect at a 50-fold lower concentration than kocide 2000, introducing a safe commercial candidate for agricultural use.The effect of the compounds on dna was monitored to detect the mode of action.

Journal: Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Gabi wheat a panel of European elite lines as central stock for wheat genetic research.

In plant sciences, curation and availability of interoperable phenotypic and genomic data is still in its infancy and represents an obstacle to rapid scientific discoveries in this field.To that end, supplementing the efforts being made to generate open access wheat genome, pan wheat genome and other bioinformatic resources, we present the gabi-wheat panel of elite european cultivars comprising 358 winter and 14 summer wheat varieties released between 1975 to 2007.The panel has been genotyped with snp arrays of increasing density to investigate several important agronomic, quality and disease resistance traits.The robustness of investigated traits and interoperability of genomic and phenotypic data was assessed in the current publication with the aim to transform this panel into a public data resource for future genetic research in wheat.Consecutively, the phenotypic data was formatted to comply with fair principles and linked to online databases to substantiate panel origin information and quality.Thus, we were able to make a valuable resource available for plant science in a sustainable way.

Journal: Scientific data (2022)
Publication types: Dataset;Journal Article
Design and synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives for a novel PAC1 receptor antagonist.

Since pa-8 (5-(4-(allyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-amino-5,8-dihydro-3h,6h-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,7-dione) was recently identified as a novel small-molecule antagonist of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) type i (pac1) receptor, a series of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives have been designed, synthesized and subsequently evaluated for antagonistic activity on the pac1 receptor.In this study, we synthesized 21 derivatives based on the pa-8 structure.Among them, the compound 2o (2-amino-5-(3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-5,8-dihydro-3h,6h-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,7-dione) showed more potent antagonistic activities than pa-8.Intrathecal (i.t.) injection of 2o blocked the induction of pacap-induced aversive behaviors and mechanical allodynia in mice, and the effects were more potent than those of pa-8.A single i.t.Injection of 2o also inhibited spinal nerve ligation (snl)-induced mechanical allodynia.Repeated intraperitoneal administration of 2o gradually reduced the snl-induced mechanical allodynia, and this effect appeared earlier than for pa-8.In addition, 2o exhibited a favorable adme and pharmacokinetics profiles.These results suggest that 2o may become an analgesic for the treatment of neuropathic pain.

Journal: European journal of medicinal chemistry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Enzyme-extracted raspberry pectin exhibits a high-branched structure and enhanced anti-inflammatory properties than hot acid-extracted pectin.

To characterize the structure of purified raspberry pectin and discuss the impact of different extraction methods on the pectin structure, raspberry pectin was extracted by hot-acid and enzyme method and purified by stepwise ethanol precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography isolation.Enzyme-extracted raspberry pectin (rpe50%-3) presented relatively intact structure with molecular weight of 5 × 104g/mol and the degree of methylation was 39%.The 1d/2d nmr analysis demonstrated rpe50%-3 was a high-branched pectin mainly containing 50% homogalacturonan, 16% branched α-1,5-arabinan and α-1,3-arabinan, 18% β-1,4-galactan and β-1,6-galactan.Acid-extracted raspberry pectin (rpa50%-3) contained less arabinan than rpe50%-3.Moreover, rpe50%-3 inhibited the nitric oxide (no), tnf-α, il-6 production of lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages by 67%, 22% and 46% at the dosage of 200 ug/m l, while the inhibitory rate of rpa50%-3 were 33%, 9%, and 1%, respectively.These results suggested that enzyme-extracted raspberry pectin contained more arabinan sidechains and exhibited better immunomodulatory effect.

Journal: Food chemistry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Elemental Characteristics and Human Health Risk of PM2.5during Haze Episode and Non-Haze Episode in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand.

Fine particle matter (pm2.5) was directly related to seasonal weather, and has become the influencing factor of air quality that is harmful for human health in chiang rai province.The aims were determining the elemental composition in pm2.5and human health risk in haze (march 2021) and non-haze episodes (july-august 2021).Nine elements in pm2.5were measured by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and an enrichment factor was used to identify the emission source.The results showed that the average concentration of pm2.5was 63.07 μg/m3in haze episodes, and 25.00 μg/m3in a non-haze episode.The maximum concentration was 116.7 μg/m3in march.The majority of elements originated from anthropogenic sources.In haze episodes, pm2.5mean concentration was approximately 4.2 times that of the who guidelines (15 μg/m324 h), and 1.3 times that of the thai ambient air quality standard (50 μg/m3).The analysis of backward air mass trajectory showed that transboundary and local sources significantly influenced pm2.5at the monitoring site in the sampling period.In the health risk assessment, the non-carcinogenic risk of cd was the highest, with a hazard quotient (hq) of 0.048, and the cancer risk of cr was classified as the highest cancer risk, with the values of 1.29 × 10-5, higher than the minimum acceptable level.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Mobile phones, women's physical mobility, and contraceptive use in India.

Women's economic and social empowerment is facilitated by their ability to move around independently and safely.However, in many developing countries women's physical mobility is restricted by social norms, structural impediments related to poor quality of roads and transport systems, and security issues.Restrictions on female physical mobility and low levels of empowerment can also have negative implications for women's access to healthcare services.Mobile phones could help connect women to information and social networks and thus also strengthen their bargaining power within the household.Here, we use nationally representative data from 39,523 women in india collected in 2011-12 to analyse associations between women's use of mobile phones and selected indicators of female autonomy and empowerment.Results indicate that women's mobile phone use is positively associated with their physical mobility range and use of non-surgical contraceptives, whereas it is negatively associated with surgical contraceptive methods.We also analyse to what extent these associations are influenced by other socioeconomic and cultural factors.Our findings suggest that mobile phones can play an important positive role for women's empowerment in india.

Journal: Social science & medicine (1982) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Rapid Accumulation of Proline Enhances Salinity Tolerance in Australian Wild RiceOryza australiensisDomin.

Proline has been reported to play an important role in helping plants cope with several stresses, including salinity.This study investigates the relationship between proline accumulation and salt tolerance in an accession of australian wild rice oryza australiensis domin using morphological, physiological, and molecular assessments.Seedlings of o.Australiensiswild rice accession jc 2304 and two other cultivated rice oryza sativa l.Cultivars, nipponbare (salt-sensitive), and pokkali (salt-tolerant), were screened at 150 m m na cl for 14 days.The results showed that o.Australiensiswas able to rapidly accumulate free proline and lower osmotic potential at a very early stage of salt stress compared to cultivated rice.The q rt-pcr result revealed that o.Australiensiswild rice jc 2304 activated proline synthesis genes os p5cs1, os p5cs2,and os p5crand depressed the expression of proline degradation gene os pro dhas early as 1 h after exposure to salinity stress.Wild rice o.Australiensisand pokkali maintained their relative water content and cell membrane integrity during exposure to salinity stress, while the salt-sensitive nipponbare failed to do so.An analysis of the sodium and potassium contents suggested that o.Australiensiswild rice jc 2304 adapted to ionic stress caused by salinity by maintaining a low na+content and low na+/k+ratio in the shoots and roots.This demonstrates that o.Australiensiswild rice may use a rapid accumulation of free proline as a strategy to cope with salinity stress.

Journal: Plants (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Herd Behavior in Medicine: Examples From COVID-19.

Herd behavior is a commonly used term to describe the conduct of different individuals in a group acting without using an individual thought process.The term was first coined by british surgeon wilfred trotter in 1914.This editorial will elaborate on how herd behavior has affected the healthcare industry and will include examples from the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic.Many interventions were introduced during the initial period of the pandemic, some of them later proved to be either incorrect or only beneficial to a selected group of patients.The nonmedical intervention included personal protective equipment (ppe), the establishment of fever clinics, and telemedicine.Some of these interventions were beneficial and will likely continue after the pandemic.The aim of this editorial is to highlight observed herd behavior in medical practice during pandemics and endorses the need for evaluation of evidence rigorously.

Journal: Cureus (2022)
Publication types: Editorial
Birmingham Intervention Tent Technique (BITT): A Technical Note.

We describe a novel and safe ct biopsy technique that we have termed the "birmingham intervention tent technique (bitt)." this technique is ideal for biopsying osseous lesions where a direct approach is not possible due to difficult positioning.methods the bitt uses a plastic surgical forceps clamp attached at an angle to the biopsy needle, creating a tent shape.The finger rings of the forceps is stabilized on the table.results in our institution, we have already used the bitt successfully in over 10 cases.conclusion the bitt is an inexpensive and reproducible technique.

Journal: The Indian journal of radiology & imaging (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Synthesis and Characterization of the Mixed Metal Oxide of ZnO-TiO2Decorated by Polyaniline as a Protective Film for Acidic Steel Corrosion: Experimental, and Computational Inspections.

In this work, the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of a novel nanocomposite using polyaniline (pani) functionalized bi-metal oxide zn o-ti o2(zn ti o@pani) as shielding film for carbon steel (cs)-alloy in acidic chloride solution at 298 k was studied.Different spectroscopic characterization techniques, such as uv-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (dls), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (xps), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) approaches, as well as other physicochemical methods, such as x-ray diffraction (xrd), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (hr-tem), and field emission scanning electron microscope (fesem), were used to describe the produced nanocomposites.The significance of these films lies in the zn o-ti o2nanoparticle's functionalization by polyaniline, a material with high conductivity and electrochemical stability in acidic solutions.The mechanistic findings of the corrosion inhibition method were obtained by the use of electrochemical methods including open-circuit potentials (ocp) vs.Time, potentiodynamic polarization (pdp), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (eis).The results indicate that the synthesized zn ti o@pani is a powerful acidic corrosion inhibitor, and its inhibition effectiveness is 98.86% in the presence of 100 ppm.Additionally, the charge transfer resistance (rp) value augmented from 51.8 to 432.7, and 963.7 ω cm2when the dose of pani, and zn ti o@pani reached 100 ppm, respectively.The improvement in rpand inhibition capacity values with an increase in nanocomposite dose is produced by the nanocomposite additives covering a larger portion of the surface, resulting in a decrease in alloy corrosion.By identifying the probable regions for molecule adsorption on the steel substrate, theoretical and computational studies provided significant details regarding the corrosion mitigation mechanism.The possibility of substituting old poisonous small substances with inexpensive and non-hazardous polymeric materials as shielding layers for utilization in the oilfield sectors is an important suggestion made by this research.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Laparoscopic management of suspected postpartum uterine rupture: a novel approach.

Exploratory laparotomy is considered the gold standard treatment for women with suspected uterine rupture.We aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopy as an alternative for laparotomy for the management of hemodynamically stable women with suspected postpartum uterine rupture.Study design we conducted a case series study including all women who were diagnosed with postpartum uterine rupture following vaginal delivery in a university-affiliated tertiary hospital, between november 2012 and july 2021.Until 2016, all women with suspected post-partum uterine rupture underwent laparotomy.Following 2016, a new tailored protocol based on laparoscopy for the management of postpartum uterine rupture in hemodynamically stable women was implemented.A comparison was made between women who underwent emergent laparoscopy to laparotomy.Results during the study period 17 women were diagnosed with postpartum uterine rupture.From january 2012 to january 2016, four cases of uterine rupture were diagnosed, all of whom underwent laparotomy.Since 2016, thirteen cases of uterine rupture were diagnosed, of whom seven women (54%) underwent laparoscopy and 6 (46%) laparotomy.The median time interval from delivery to surgery was 70.5 min iqr (40-179) in the laparotomy group and 202 min iqr (70-485) in the laparoscopy group.The median operative time for laparoscopic surgery was 80 min (iqr 60-114) and 78 min (iqr 58-114) for the laparotomy group.Four women who underwent laparotomy (40%) and one who underwent laparoscopy (14.2%) were admitted to the intensive care unit following surgery.Blood products transfusion was required in six women who had laparotomy (60%) and one who had laparoscopy (14.2%).Median hospitalization period was 5 d iqr (4-5) in the laparotomy group as compared to 3 d iqr (3-4) in the laparoscopy group.There were no conversions to laparotomy in the laparoscopy group.Conclusions in hemodynamic stable women laparoscopic surgery for suspected postpartum uterine rupture is feasible and safe.

Journal: The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
An Innovative Biomedical Research Training Model: Rationale, Design, and Evaluation.

Much is told regarding the need for greater diversity in the biomedical research workforce in terms of race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.However, there are few evidence-based models that are tested and can have significant effects in this regard.Thus, there is a need for development and evaluation of innovative models that may help train a more diverse biomedical research workforce.In this study, we provided the rationale, conceptual model, and preliminary evaluation of a program called "a student-centered entrepreneurship development (ascend)".This training program was designed, implemented, and evaluated between 2017 and 2020 at morgan state university, baltimore, maryland, united states.The program's conceptual model is based on four stages: attraction and inspiration, ideation and innovation, research implementation, and career growth.Results of the comparative survey between 50 students who participated in ascend and 86 non-member controls showed an increase in science identity, academic self-concept, science self-efficacy, and peer support.The only domain that did not show a larger increase in participants in our program compared to controls was social self-concept.In addition, a total of 59 students submitted 48 research concepts, and 16 undergraduate student projects were funded.Of participants in the health research concepts competition, 39 students graduated, and 13 were pursuing graduate programs in stem fields at the time of evaluation.The number of research projects and trainees who started a graduate degree were also reported.The ascend training model fosters an entrepreneurial mindset among undergraduate students.Such a program might be effective in diversifying the biomedical research workforce.While this preliminary evaluation indicates the efficacy of the ascend model, there is a need for further long-term and multi-center evaluations with the trainees' research productivity and receipt of independent funding as outcomes.

Journal: European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Height and bone mineral content after inhaled corticosteroid use in the first 6 years of life.

Infants and young children might be particularly susceptible to the potential side effects from inhaled corticosteroid (ics) on height and bone mineral content (bmc), but this has rarely been studied in long-term prospective studies.Methods children from two copenhagen prospective studies on asthma in childhood cohorts were included.Ics use was registered prospectively from birth to age 6 and the cumulative dose was calculated.Primary outcomes were height and bmc from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) scans at age 6.Results at age 6, a total of 930 children (84%) from the cohorts had a valid height measurement and 792 (71%) had a dxa scan.291 children (31%) received a cumulated ics dose equivalent to or above 10 weeks of standard treatment before age 6.We found an inverse association between ics use and height, -0.26 cm (95% ci: -0.45 to -0.07) per 1 year standard treatment from 0 to 6 years of age, p=0.006.This effect was mainly driven by children with ongoing treatment between age 5 and 6 years (-0.31 cm (95% ci: -0.52 to -0.1), p=0.004), while there was no significant association in children who stopped treatment at least 1 year before age 6 (-0.09 cm (95% ci: -0.46 to 0.28), p=0.64).There was no association between ics use and bmc at age 6.Conclusions ics use in early childhood was associated with reduced height at age 6 years but only in children with continued treatment in the sixth year of life.

Journal: Thorax (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't