syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Fallopian Tube-Derived Tumor Cells Induce Testosterone Secretion from the Ovary, Increasing Epithelial Proliferation and Invasion.

The fallopian tube epithelium is the site of origin for a majority of high grade serous ovarian carcinomas (hgsoc).The chemical communication between the fallopian tube and the ovary in the development of hgsoc from the fallopian tube is of interest since the fimbriated ends in proximity of the ovary harbor serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (stics).Epidemiological data indicates that androgens play a role in ovarian carcinogenesis; however, the oncogenic impact of androgen exposure on the fallopian tube, or tubal neoplastic precursor lesions, has yet to be explored.In this report, imaging mass spectrometry identified that testosterone is produced by the ovary when exposed to tumorigenic fallopian tube derived pten deficient cells.Androgen exposure increased cellular viability, proliferation, and invasion of murine cell models of healthy fallopian tube epithelium and pax2 deficient models of the preneoplastic secretory cell outgrowths (scouts).Proliferation and invasion induced by androgen was reversed by co-treatment with androgen receptor (ar) antagonist, bicalutamide.Furthermore, ablation of phosphorylated erk reversed proliferation, but not invasion.Investigation of two hyperandrogenic rodent models of polycystic ovarian syndrome revealed that peripheral administration of androgens does not induce fallopian proliferation in vivo.These data suggest that tumorigenic lesions in the fallopian tube may induce an androgenic microenvironment proximal to the ovary, which may in turn promote proliferation of the fallopian tube epithelium and preneoplastic lesions.

Journal: Cancers (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Identifying a quick and efficient method of removing organic matter without damaging microplastic samples.

Natural organic matter may confound the detection of microplastics, requiring a removal step.However, most available protocols are long and lack information on removal efficiency and polymer degradation.Thus, we have determined the digestion efficiency (%) for a pool of organic matter (algae, driftwood, feathers, fish muscle, paraffin, palm oil) for five digestion solutions, hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), hydrogen peroxide with iron catalyst (h2o2+ fe), potassium hydroxide (koh), nitric acid (hno3), and sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds), under two temperatures (room temperature at 25 °c, 50 °c) and two periods (1, 6 h).H2o2+ fe and koh at 50 °c for 1 h had the highest digestion efficiencies, of 65.9% and 58.3% respectively (mostly limited by driftwood and paraffin).Further testing revealed that h2o2+ fe is more appropriate for plant material and koh for animal tissue.Weight loss (%), fourier transform infrared spectrometry and carbonyl index of 9 virgin and 6 weathered polymers (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate, nylon) revealed that only identification of cellulose acetate was hindered.Filters were also tested revealing that quartz and glass fibre filters are resistant to these protocols.Thus, a digestion protocol based on h2o2+ fe or koh at 50 °c for 1 h may be used on microplastic samples.

Journal: The Science of the total environment (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Visual impairment and medication safety: a protocol for a scoping review.

The number of individuals with a visual impairment in the uk was estimated a few years ago to be around 1.8 million.People can be visually impaired from birth, childhood, early adulthood or later in life.Those with visual impairment are subject to health inequities and increased risk for patient safety incidents in comparison to the general population.They are also known to be at an increased risk of experiencing medication errors compared to those without visual impairment.In view of this, this review aims to understand the issues of medication safety for vi people.Methods/design four electronic bibliographic databases will be searched: medline, embase, psyc info and cinahl.Our search strategy will include search combinations of two key blocks of terms.Studies will not be excluded based on design.Included studies will be empirical studies.They will include studies that relate to both medication safety and visual impairment.Two reviewers (sg and lr) will screen all the titles and abstracts.Sg, lr, rm, scs and pl will perform study selection and data extraction using standard forms.Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or third party adjudication.Data to be collected will include study characteristics (year, objective, research method, setting, country), participant characteristics (number, age, gender, diagnoses), medication safety incident type and characteristics.Discussion the review will summarise the literature relating to medication safety and visual impairment.

Journal: Systematic reviews (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Influence of barbed suture oversew of the transverse staple line during functional end-to-end stapled anastomosis in a canine jejunal enterectomy model.

To evaluate the influence of barbed suture oversew of the transverse staple line during functional end-to-end stapled anastomosis (feesa) in dogs.Study design randomized, experimental, ex vivo.Animals or sample population grossly normal jejunal segments from 14 adult canine cadavers.Methods ninety-eight jejunal segments (n = 14/feesa group, n = 14 controls) were harvested and randomly assigned to a control group, feesa + monofilament suture oversew, feesa + unidirectional barbed suture oversew or feesa + bidirectional barbed suture oversew.Oversew techniques were performed using a cushing suture pattern.Initial (ilp) and maximum leakage pressure (mlp), repair time (s), and location of observed leakage were recorded.Results no differences were detected in ilp (p = .439) or mlp (p = .644) respectively between experimental groups.Repairs times using barbed suture were ~ 18% faster (~25 s faster; p < .001) compared to monofilament suture.There was no difference between barbed suture types (p = .697).Mean ilp (p < .001) and mlp (p < .0001) were 6.6x and 5.1x greater respectively in the control group.Leakage location occurred predominately at the crotch of the feesa in all groups.Conclusion feesas closed with a transverse staple line oversew using barbed suture, regardless of barb orientation, were completed faster and resulted in similar resistance to anastomotic leakage compared to monofilament suture.Clinical significance oversewing the transverse staple line following feesa using barbed suture offers similar resistance to anastomotic leakage, and may be associated with decreased surgical times in dogs compared to monofilament suture.Further studies are necessary to determine the benefits of barbed suture use in both open and laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgical applications following feesa in dogs.

Journal: Veterinary surgery : VS (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
Oxyresveratrol exerts ATF4- and Grp78-mediated neuroprotection against endoplasmic reticulum stress in experimental Parkinson's disease.

S:endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress is one of the key mechanisms contributing to parkinson's disease (pd) pathology.Pathways triggered by er stress are protective at early stages and initiate apoptosis when the damage is extensive.methods:we have previously reported that oxyresveratrol rescues cells from oxidative stress and apoptosis in a cell culture model of pd.The aim of this study was to investigate whether the neuroprotective mechanism of oxyresveratrol extends to pd-associated er stress.For this purpose, we employed two cellular models; to induce severe er stress, mes23.5 cells were treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda) and for er stress driven by chaperones, human neuroblastoma cells were stably transfected to overexpress familial mutants of α-synuclein (α-syn).results:our results indicate that oxyresveratrol exhibits distinct modes of protection in both models.In the 6-ohda model, it inhibited the transcription of activating transcription factor 4 (atf4), which controls the fate of pro-apoptotic proteins.On the other hand, in the α-syn model, oxyresveratrol suppressed mutant a30p oligomer formation, thereby facilitating a reduction of the er-chaperone, 78-k da glucose-regulated protein (grp78).discussion:in summary, oxyresveratrol is protective against er stress induced by two different triggers of pd.Owing to its wide range of defense mechanisms, oxyresveratrol is an ideal candidate for a multifactorial disease like pd.

Journal: Nutritional neuroscience (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Decreased Tissue Kallikrein Levels and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Tissue kallikrein (tk) exerts protective effects on cardiac cerebrovascular diseases (ccvds).Changes in tk level in plasma are associated with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (cad); however, a causal correlation could not be established.Therefore, we investigated the association between tk levels and ccvds in a community-based cross-sectional study in china.Methods a total of 6043 subjects (4242 men and 1801 women) were enrolled in this community-based cross-sectional study.Then, tk levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.Multivariate linear regression model and logistic regression were used to assess the correlations between tk levels and ccvds.Subsequently, the receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve was drawn to assess the value of tk level in evaluating the risk of ischemic stroke.Finally, the influence of various medications was evaluated on tk levels.Results the tk level was significantly lower in subjects with ischemic stroke (p < 0.001) and hypertension (p < 0.001) and negatively associated with ischemic stroke (p < 0.001) but not associated with hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes compared to the traditional risk factors.The diagnostic accuracy for ischemic stroke, as quantified by the area under the curve, was 0.892 (95% ci, 0.884-0.900) for tk level, deeming it as a promising assessment tool.Moreover, no appreciable influence of various drugs therapy was found in tk levels (p = 0.222) except for those taking antilipemic agents.Conclusion tk is a strong and independent endogenous protective factor against ischemic stroke in the chinese population and could be a promising biomarker for the risk of ischemic stroke.

Journal: Journal of inflammation research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Gender disparities in child welfare services' assessments of referrals. Findings from Sweden.

Many children referred to the child welfare services are not screened in for further investigation.Factors related to intake decisions have been found on several levels.Many studies, however, lack information about the children's own experiences of child maltreatment and/or behavioral problems.Objective to examine case factors relating to decision to investigate referrals to the child welfare services in sweden.Participants and setting data are used from a prospective longitudinal multisource program (lo rdya) in sweden studying two cohorts of adolescent children in four municipalities (n = 1884).Methods by linking annual self-rating data with registry data from the child welfare services, data are analyzed through latent-class analysis and poisson regression.Results most children who are self-rated severely exposed to maltreatment and/or behavioral problems are never investigated by the child welfare services (74.2 %).Referrals concerning girls are more likely to be investigated than referrals concerning boys (crude ame = 0.09 p = ***).For girls, prior referrals (adj ame = 0.16, p = ***), household poverty (adj ame = 0.09, p = *) and any form of self-rated severe exposure to maltreatment and/or behavioral problems (adj ame = 0.14, p = ***) increased the chance of a decision to investigate.For boys, prior referrals (adj ame = 0.24, p = ***) increased the chance of a decision to investigate, while achieved age (adj ame = -0.03, p = *), and being referred on suspicions of neglect and behavioral problems (adj ame = -0.15, p = **) decreased the chance of a decision to investigate.Conclusions child welfare services assess referrals on boys and girls differently, which may explain why boys have in crude numbers a decreased chance of decisions to investigate.

Journal: Child abuse & neglect (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Anti-β-sheet conformation monoclonal antibody reduces tau and Aβ oligomer pathology in an Alzheimer's disease model.

Oligomeric forms of amyloid-β (aβ) and tau are increasing being recognized as key toxins in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad).Methods we developed a novel monoclonal antibody (m ab), gw-23b7, that recognizes β-sheet secondary structure on pathological oligomers of neurodegenerative diseases.Results the pentameric immunoglobulin m kappa chain (ig mκp) we developed specifically distinguishes intra- and extracellular pathology in human ad brains.Purified gw-23b7 showed a dissociation constant in the nanomolar range for oligomeric aβ and did not bind monomeric aβ.In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, it recognized oligomeric forms of both aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau.Aged triple-transgenic ad mice with both aβ and tau pathology infused intraperitoneally for 2 months showed ig mκp in the soluble brain homogenate, peaking at 24 h postinoculation.Treated mice exhibited significant cognitive rescue on radial arm maze testing compared with vehicle control-infused mice.Immunohistochemically, treatment resulted in a significant decrease of extracellular pathology.Biochemically, treatment resulted in significant reductions of oligomeric forms of aβ and tau.Conclusions these results suggest that gw-23b7, an anti-β-sheet conformational m ab humanized for clinical trials, may be an effective therapeutic agent for human ad.

Journal: Alzheimer's research & therapy (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Assessment of antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in unvaccinated individuals and vaccinees from Omicron-BA.2 infection in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China.

Currently, the majority of the global population has been vaccinated with the covid-19 vaccine, and characterization studies of antibodies in vivo from omicron breakthrough infection and naive infection populations are urgently needed to provide pivotal clues about accurate diagnosis, treatment, and next-generation vaccine design against sars-co v-2 infection.We showed that after infection with omicron-ba.2, the antibody levels of specific ig m against the wuhan strain and specific ig g against omicron were not significantly elevated within 27 days of onset.Interestingly, in this study, the levels of humoral immunity against omicron-specific ig m were significantly increased after breakthrough infection, suggesting that the detection of omicron-specific ig m antibodies can be used as a test criterion of omicron breakthrough infection.In addition, we observed that serums from unvaccinated individuals and the majority of vaccinated infections possessed only low or no neutralizing activity against omicron at the onset of omicron breakthrough infections, and at the later stage of omicron-ba.2 breakthrough infection, levels of neutralization antibody against the wuhan and omicron strains were elevated in infected individuals.The findings of this study provide important clues for the diagnosis of omicron breakthrough infections, antibody characterization studies and vaccine design against covid-19.

Journal: Virology journal (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Phytochemical Profile, Plant Precursors and Some Properties of Georgian Propolis.

Propolis (bee glue) is a resinous substance produced by different species of bees i.a.From available plant resins, balsams, and exudates.It is characterized by significant biological activity (e.g., antimicrobial and antioxidant) and phytochemical diversity related to the available plant sources in specific geographical regions.The available scientific literature on propolis is quite extensive; however, there are only a few reports about propolis originating from georgia.Therefore, our research was focused on the characterization of georgian propolis in terms of phytochemical composition and antimicrobial/antioxidant activity.Performed research included uhplc-dad-ms/ms phytochemical profiling, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, antiradical and antioxidant activity (dpph and frap assays) as well as antibacterial activity of propolis extracts obtained using 70% ethanol (70ee).Georgian propolis extracts exhibited strong activity against gram-positive bacteria (22 mm-disc assay/64 μg/m l-mic for s.Aureus, sample from imereti) and weaker against gram-negative strains as well as strong antioxidant properties (up to 117.71 ± 1.04 mg gae/g in dpph assay, up to 16.83 ± 1.02 mmol fe2+/g in frap assay for samples from orgora and qvakhreli, respectively).The phytochemical profile of georgian propolis was characterized by the presence of flavonoids, free phenolic acids, and their esters.In most of the samples, flavonoids were the main chemical group (52 compounds), represented mainly by 3-o-pinobanksin acetate, pinocembrin, chrysin, galangin, and pinobanksin.The primary plant precursor of the georgian bee glue is black poplar (populus nigra l.) while the secondary is aspen poplar (p.Tremula l.).

Journal: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Increased serum resistin but not G-CSF levels are associated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder: Findings from a case-control study.

Many studies have predicted major depressive disorder (mdd) as the leading cause of global health by 2030 due to its high prevalence, disability, and illness.However, the actual pathophysiological mechanism behind depression is unknown.Scientists consider alterations in cytokines might be tools for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of mdd.Several past studies on several inflammatory cytokine expressions in mdd reveal that an inflammatory process is activated, although the precise causes of that changes in cytokine levels are unclear.Therefore, we aimed to investigate resistin and g-csf in mdd patients and controls to explore their role in the pathogenesis and development of depression.Methods we included 220 participants in this study.Among them, 108 mdd patients and 112 age-sex matched healthy control (hcs).We used dsm-5 to evaluate study participants.Also, we applied the ham-d rating scale to assess the severity of patients.Serum resistin and g-csf levels were measured using elisa kits (boster bio, usa).Results the present study observed increased serum resistin levels in mdd patients compared to hcs (13.82 ± 1.24ng/m l and 6.35 ± 0.51ng/m l, p <0.001).However, we did not find such changes for serum g-csf levels between the groups.Ham-d scores showed a significant correlation with serum resistin levels but not g-csf levels in the patient group.Furthermore, roc analysis showed a fairly predictive performance of serum resistin levels in major depression (auc = 0.746).Conclusion the present study findings suggest higher serum resistin levels are associated with the pathophysiology of mdd.This elevated serum resistin level may serve as an early risk assessment indicator for mdd.However, the role of serum g-csf in the development of mdd is still unclear despite its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.

Journal: PloS one (2022)
Publication types: Clinical Trial;Journal Article
α-Clustering in atomic nuclei from first principles with statistical learning and the Hoyle state character.

A long-standing crucial question with atomic nuclei is whether or not α clustering occurs there.An α particle (helium-4 nucleus) comprises two protons and two neutrons, and may be the building block of some nuclei.This is a very beautiful and fascinating idea, and is indeed plausible because the α particle is particularly stable with a large binding energy.However, direct experimental evidence has never been provided.Here, we show whether and how α(-like) objects emerge in atomic nuclei, by means of state-of-the-art quantum many-body simulations formulated from first principles, utilizing supercomputers including k/fugaku.The obtained physical quantities exhibit agreement with experimental data.The appearance and variation of the α clustering are shown by utilizing density profiles for the nuclei beryllium-8, -10 and carbon-12.With additional insight by statistical learning, an unexpected crossover picture is presented for the hoyle state, a critical gateway to the birth of life.

Journal: Nature communications (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Protrusion of KCNJ13 Gene Knockout Retinal Pigment Epithelium Due to Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death.

This study was performed to elucidate the mechanisms of morphological abnormalities in a leber congenital amaurosis 16 (lca16) cell model using kcnj13 knockout (ko) retinal pigment epithelial cells derived from human i ps cells (hi psc-rpe).Methods in kcnj13 ko and wild-type hi psc-rpe cells, zo-1 immunofluorescence was performed, and confocal images were captured.The area and perimeter of each cell were measured.To detect cell death, ethidium homodimer iii (eth d-iii) staining and ldh assay were used.Scanning electron microscopy (sem) was used to observe the cell surface.The expression levels of oxidative stress-related genes were examined by quantitative pcr.To explore the effects of oxidative stress, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-bhp) was administered to the hi psc-rpe cells.Cell viability was tested by mts assay, whereas oxidative damage was monitored by oxidized (gssg) and reduced glutathione levels.Results the area and perimeter of kcnj13-ko hi psc-rpe cells were enlarged.Eth d-iii-positive cells were increased with more dead cells in the protruded region.The ko rpe had significantly higher ldh levels in the medium.Sem observations revealed aggregated cells having broken cell surfaces on the ko rpe sheet.The kcnj13-deficient rpe showed increased expression levels of oxidative stress-related genes and total glutathione levels.Furthermore, t-bhp induced a significant increase in cell death and gssg levels in the ko rpe.Conclusions we suggest that in the absence of the kir.7.1 potassium channel, human rpe cells are vulnerable to oxidative stress and ultimately die.The dying/dead cells form aggregates and protrude from the surviving kcnj13-deficient rpe sheet.

Journal: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Acquiescence is Not Agreement: The Problem of Marginalization in Pediatric Decision Making.

Although parents are the default legal surrogate decision-makers for minor children in the u.s., shared decision making in a pluralistic society is often much more complicated, involving not just parents and pediatricians, but also grandparents, other relatives, and even community or religious elders.Parents may not only choose to involve others in their children's healthcare decisions but choose to defer to another; such deference does not imply agreement with the decision being made and adds complexity when disagreements arise between surrogate decision-makers for minor children and their physicians.I argue that clinicians and ethicists have a duty to consider voices marginalized by hierarchical structures, including but not limited to gender-based inequalities.This approach involves negotiating potential conflicts: between respecting differences of culture and religion, on one hand, and assuring that the wishes of those who are most invested in children's lives are considered, on the other.

Journal: The American journal of bioethics : AJOB (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article