syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Equal Opportunity, Equal Work: Increasing Women's Participation in the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project.

One of the primary control measures for malaria transmission is indoor residual spraying (irs).Historically, few women have worked in irs programs, despite the income-generating potential.Increasing women's roles in irs requires understanding the barriers to women's participation and implementing measures to address them.The u.s.President's malaria initiative (pmi) africa indoor residual spraying (airs) project is the largest implementer of irs globally.To address gender inequity in irs operations, pmi airs assessed the barriers to the participation of women and developed and implemented policies to address these barriers.Methods the pmi airs project initially identified barriers through a series of informal assessments with key stakeholders.Pmi airs then implemented a series of gender-guided policies, starting in 2015, in benin, ethiopia, ghana, mali, madagascar, mozambique, rwanda, senegal, zambia, and zimbabwe.The policies included adapting physical work environments to ensure privacy for women; ensuring the safety of women in the workplace; guaranteeing safety and job security of women during pregnancy; and encouraging qualified women to apply for supervisory positions.The project collected routine programmatic data on staff, spray quality, and spray efficiency; data from 2012 through the end of 2015 were analyzed (up through 1 year after implementation of the gender policies).In addition, pmi airs conducted surveys in 2015, 2016, and 2017 before and after the spray campaigns in 4 countries to determine changes in gender norms among spray operators through questions about decision making and agency.Results the pmi airs project increased women's employment with the program.Specifically, women's employment increased overall from 23% in 2012 to 29% in 2015, with a 2015 range from 16% (mali) to 40% (madagascar).Growth among supervisor roles was even stronger, with the percentage of women in supervisory roles increasing from 17% in 2012 to 46% in 2015, with a 2015 range from 9% (mali) to 50% (madagascar).While the data showed that in most countries women sprayed fewer houses per day than men in 2015, the differences were not meaningful, ranging from 0.1 to 1.2 households per day.Gender norms shifted toward more egalitarian views in 2 of the 4 countries with survey data.Conclusion preliminary results suggest the pmi airs project gender policies are increasing the engagement of women in all aspects of spray operations, especially in supervisory roles.Expansion of these policies to all countries implementing irs and to malaria control implementation more broadly is recommended.

Journal: Global health, science and practice (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Simultaneous Determination of Pyrethroid Insecticides in Foods of Animal Origins Using the Modified QuEChERS Method and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

Pyrethroid insecticides are used in agriculture to treat parasites in livestock.This study developed a simultaneous residue analysis method to measure seventeen pyrethroid insecticides in foods of animal origin, including beef, pork, chicken, milk, and eggs.The method, which comprises instrumental analysis using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and a modified qu ech ers (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for pretreatment, was optimized to verify the applicability of the method.A mixture of acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, and original salt (mg so4 4 g, na cl 1 g) was used as the extraction solvent and salt.Mg so4 (150 mg) primary secondary amine (25 mg) and graphitized carbon black (25 mg) were selected for dispersive solid phase extraction (d-spe).The method limit of quantitation was 0.01 mg/l, and the linearity of the matrix-matched calibration curves was reasonable (r2 > 0.99).Recovery tests were performed at three concentrations (loq, 10 loq, and 50 loq).Good recoveries (75.2109.8%) and reproducibility (coefficient of variation <10%) were obtained.The matrix effects were in the range of −35.8 to 56.0%.The established method was fully validated and can be used as an official analytical method for quantifying pyrethroid insecticides in animal commodities.

Journal: Foods (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Fungal Interactions Strengthen the Diversity-Functioning Relationship of Solid-State Fermentation Systems.

Traditional fermentation processes are driven by complex fungal microbiomes.However, the exact means by which fungal diversity affects fermentation remains unclear.In this study, we systematically investigated the diversity of a fungal community and its functions during the multibatch baijiufermentation process.Metabolomics analysis showed that the metabolic profiles of the baijiuwere enhanced with an increase in the fermentation time, as determined from the characteristic volatile flavors.High-throughput sequencing technology revealed that the major fungal species involved in sauce-flavor baijiufermentation are pichiasp.(41.75%, average relative abundance),saccharomycessp.(13.07%), thermophilic species (9.16%),monascussp.(6.80%), aspergillus sp.(4.69%),schizosaccharomycessp.(3.76%),thermomycessp.(3.74%), and zygosaccharomyces sp.(1.41%).In addition, the fungal diversity increased as the number of fermentation batches increased.Moreover, the increased fungal diversity contributed to the modularity of the fungal communities, wherein pichiasp.,torulasporasp., and saccharomycessp.Maintained the stability of the fungal community.In addition, metatranscriptomics sequencing technologies were used to reconstruct the key metabolic pathways during fermentation, and it was found that the increased microbial diversity significantly promoted glucose-mediated carbon metabolism.Finally, functional gene analysis showed that functional microorganisms, such as zygosaccharomyces and pichia, can enhance fermentation as a result of the high expression of pyruvate decarboxylase and propanol-preferring alcohol dehydrogenase during the metabolism of pyruvate.These results indicate that fungal biodiversity can be exploited to enhance fermentation-based processes via network interactions and metabolism during multiple-batch fermentation.importancebiodiversity and network interactions act simultaneously on the microbial community structure in the baijiufermentation process, thereby rendering the microbiome dynamics challenging to manage and predict.Understanding the complex fermentation community and its relationship to community functions is therefore important in the context of developing improved fermentation biotechnology systems.Our work demonstrates that multiple-batch fermentation steps increase microbial diversity and promote community stability.Crucially, the enhanced modularity in the microbial network increases the metabolism of flavor compounds and ethanol.This study highlights the power of biodiversity and network interactions in regulating the function of the microbiome in food fermentation ecosystems.

Journal: mSystems (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Rapid Construction of Green Nanopesticide Delivery Systems Using Sophorolipids as Surfactants by Flash Nanoprecipitation.

Green delivery carriers of nanopesticides, like sophorolipid biosurfactants, are of great significance to reduce environmental pollution and promote sustainable agricultural development.However, the molecular diversity of an unisolated sophorolipid mixture with almost unpredictable self-assembly properties has limited the in-depth study of its structure-activity relationship and hindered the development of green pesticide delivery systems.In this work, the acidic and lactonic sophorolipids were successfully separated from the sophorolipid mixture through silica gel column chromatography.A series of cost-effective green nanopesticides loaded with lambda-cyhalothrin (lc) were rapidly fabricated based on a combination of the acidic and lactonic sophorolipids as surfactants by flash nanoprecipitation.The effects of the acidic-to-lactonic ratio on particle size, drug loading capacity, and biological activity against hyphantria cuneaof lc-loaded nanoparticles were systematically investigated.The resultant nanopesticides exhibited a better insecticidal efficacy than a commercial emulsifiable concentrate formulation.This work opens up a novel strategy to construct scalable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly nanopesticide systems.

Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Psychological, pharmacological, and combined treatments for binge eating disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To systematically review the efficacy of psychological, pharmacological, and combined treatments for binge eating disorder (bed).Method systematic search and meta-analysis.Results we found 45 unique studies with low/medium risk of bias, and moderate support for the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (cbt) and cbt guided self-help (with moderate quality of evidence), and modest support for interpersonal psychotherapy (ipt), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (ssri), and lisdexamfetamine (with low quality of evidence) in the treatment of adults with bed in terms of cessation of or reduction in the frequency of binge eating.The results on weight loss were disappointing.Only lisdexamfetamine showed a very modest effect on weight loss (low quality of evidence).While there is limited support for the long-term effect of psychological treatments, we have currently no data to ascertain the long-term effect of drug treatments.Some undesired side effects are more common in drug treatment compared to placebo, while the side effects of psychological treatments are unknown.Direct comparisons between pharmaceutical and psychological treatments are lacking as well as data to generalize these results to adolescents.Conclusion we found moderate support for the efficacy of cbt and guided self-help for the treatment of bed.However, ipt, ssri, and lisdexamfetamine received only modest support in terms of cessation of or reduction in the frequency of binge eating.The lack of long-term follow-ups is alarming, especially with regard to medication.Long-term follow-ups, standardized assessments including measures of quality of life, and the study of underrepresented populations should be a priority for future research.

Journal: PeerJ (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
A simple smartphone-aided program to support meaningful occupation in people with severe neuro-motor and speech disabilities.

We assessed a simple smartphone-aided program to help three participants with severe neuro-motor and speech disabilities access preferred songs, call or send messages to distant partners, and call the caregiver.The program relied on the use of a smartphone, five cards with identification tags, and a mini speaker.The participants could select one of the cards (engagement options) by touching it with the smartphone.Using the program, all participants managed to access songs, reach partners, and call the caregiver independently and engaged in the related forms of leisure and communication/interaction throughout the 10-min sessions available.The results suggest that the program might be a valuable aid for people with severe neuro-motor and speech disabilities.

Journal: International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Breast-conserving surgery with 3D-printed surgical guide: a single-center, prospective clinical study.

To facilitate precise tumor resection at the time of breast-conserving surgery (bcs), we developed and implemented a magnetic resonance imaging (mri)-based three-dimensional-printed (3dp) breast surgical guide (bsg).This prospective cohort study was conducted at a single institution from july 2017 to february 2019 on women with breast cancer who underwent partial breast resection using patient-specific 3dp bsgs.Eighty-eight patients with invasive cancer were enrolled, of whom 1 patient had bilateral breast cancer.The mean size of the tumor long-axis on mri before surgery was 2.8 ± 0.9 cm, and multiple tumors were observed in 34 patients.In 16 cases (18.0%), the resection margin was tumor-positive according to intraoperative frozen biopsy; all of these tumors were ductal carcinoma in situ and were re-excised intraoperatively.In 93.3% of the cases, the resection margin was tumor-free in the permanent pathology.The mean pathological tumor size was 1.7 ± 1.0 cm, and the mean distance from the tumor to the border was 1.5 ± 1.0 cm.This exploratory study showed that the tumor area on the mri could be directly displayed on the breast when using a 3dp bsg for bcs, thereby allowing precise surgery and safe tumor removal.trial registration clinical research information service (cris) identifier (no.Kct0002375, kct0003043).

Journal: Scientific reports (2021)
Publication types: Clinical Study;Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Histone deacetylase gene SlHDT1 regulates tomato fruit ripening by affecting carotenoid accumulation and ethylene biosynthesis.

Fruit development and ripening is a complicated biological process, that is not only regulated by plant hormones and transcription factors, but also affected by epigenetic modifications.Histone deacetylation is an important way of epigenetic modification, and little information about it is available.In this study, an rnai vector was constructed and transferred successfully into wild-type tomato for further research on the detailed functions of the histone deacetylation gene sl hdt1.The expression level of psy1 was upregulated, and the transcription levels of lcy-b, lcy-e and cyc-b were downregulated, which was consistent with the increased accumulation of carotenoids.In addition, the expression levels of ethylene biosynthetic genes (acs2, acs4 and aco1, aco3), ripening-associated genes (rin, e4, e8, pg, pti4 and loxb) and fruit cell wall metabolism genes (hex, man, tbg4, xth5 and xyl) were significantly upregulated further strengthening the results, including an increased ethylene content, advanced fruit ripening time and a shortened shelf life of tomato fruits.In addition, the increased total histone h3 acetylation level also provides evidence of a connection between epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylation and fruit development and ripening.Hence, sl hdt1 is a negative regulator and plays an essential role in regulating ethylene and carotenoid biosynthesis during fruit ripening through influences on the acetylation level.

Journal: Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A spontaneous reduction in tumor size of a thymic carcinoma: a case report.

Spontaneous regression of thymic carcinoma is extremely rare.We report a case of a resected thymic carcinoma with preoperative spontaneous regression in a 67-year-old woman.Case presentation the patient presented with low-grade fever and anterior chest pain.Chest computed tomography (ct) showed a 55 × 43 mm exophytic heterogeneously enhancing mass showing some areas of necrosis.Chest ct done one day preoperatively revealed that the tumor had rapidly shrunk for one month.Surgical resection was performed to obtain a definitive diagnosis and achieve complete resection, yielding a postoperative diagnosis of thymic carcinoma.The patient survived without signs of recurrence for 12 months postoperatively.Conclusions mediastinal tumors with necrosis demonstrating spontaneous regression should include thymic carcinomas in the differential diagnosis.

Journal: Surgical case reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Ex Vivo High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS)1H NMR Spectroscopy for Early Prostate Cancer Detection.

The aim of our study was to assess ex vivo hrmas (high-resolution magic angle spinning)1h nmr spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for early pca detection by testing whether metabolomic alterations in prostate biopsy samples can predict future pca diagnosis.In a primary prospective study (04/2006-10/2018), fresh biopsy samples of 351 prostate biopsy patients were nmr spectroscopically analyzed (bruker 14.1 tesla, billerica, ma, usa) and histopathologically evaluated.Three groups of 16 patients were compared: group 1 and 2 represented patients whose nmr scanned biopsy was histobenign, but patients in group 1 were diagnosed with cancer before the end of the study period, whereas patients in group 2 remained histobenign.Group 3 included cancer patients.Single-metabolite concentrations and metabolomic profiles were not only able to separate histobenign and malignant prostate tissue but also to differentiate between samples of histobenign patients who received a pca diagnosis in the following years and those who remained histobenign.Our results support the hypothesis that metabolomic alterations significantly precede histologically visible changes, making metabolomic information highly beneficial for early pca detection.Thanks to its predictive power, metabolomic information can be very valuable for the individualization of pca active surveillance strategies.

Journal: Cancers (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Chronic Inflammation and the Gut Microbiota in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 24-week synbiotic supplementation on chronic inflammation and the gut microbiota in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.We randomized 88 obese patients with type 2 diabetes to one of two groups for 24 weeks: control or synbiotic (lacticaseibacillus paracaseistrain shirota (previously lactobacillus caseistrain shirota) and bifidobacterium brevestrain yakult, and galactooligosaccharides).The primary endpoint was the change in interleukin-6 from baseline to 24 weeks.Secondary endpoints were evaluation of the gut microbiota in feces and blood, fecal organic acids, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, and glycemic control.Synbiotic administration for 24 weeks did not significantly affect changes in interleukin-6 from baseline to 24 weeks (0.35 ± 1.99 vs.-0.24 ± 1.75 pg/m l, respectively).Relative to baseline, however, at 24 weeks after synbiotic administration there were positive changes in the counts of bifidobacteriumand total lactobacilli, the relative abundances of bifidobacteriumspecies such as bifidobacterium adolescentisand bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, and the concentrations of acetic and butyric acids in feces.No significant changes in inflammatory markers were found in the synbiotic group compared to the control group.However, synbiotic administration at least partially improved the gut environment in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Journal: Nutrients (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Aura in trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia is probably mediated by comorbid migraine with aura.

The presence of aura is rare in cluster headache, and even rarer in other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias.We hypothesized that the presence of aura in patients with trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias is frequently an epiphenomenon and mediated by comorbid migraine with aura.Methods the study retrospectively reviewed 480 patients with trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia in a tertiary medical center for 10 years.Phenotypes and temporal correlation of aura with headache were analyzed.Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia patients with aura were further followed up in a structured telephone interview.Results seventeen patients with aura (3.5%) were identified from 480 patients with trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia, including nine with cluster headache, one with paroxysmal hemicrania, three with hemicrania continua, and four with probable trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia.Compared to trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia patients without aura, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia patients with aura were more likely to have a concomitant diagnosis of migraine with aura (odds ratio [or] = 109.0, 95% ci 30.9-383.0,p< 0.001); whereas the risk of migraine without aura remains similar between both groups (or = 1.10, 95% ci = 0.14-8.59,p= 0.931).Aura was more frequently accompanied with migraine-like attacks, but not trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia attacks.Interpretation in most patients with trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia, the presence of aura is mediated by the comorbidity of migraine with aura.Aura directly related to trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia attack may exist but remains rare.Our results suggest that aura may not be involved in the pathophysiology of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia.

Journal: Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Current androgen receptor antagonists under investigation for resistant prostate cancer.

Introduction the gold standard of medical therapy for advanced prostate cancer is based on the use of androgen-receptor inhibitors and taxane-based chemotherapy.Several new agents, such as enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide and abiraterone, are now approved and currently used in clinical practice.Areas covered we present a review of the literature on the current state of the art on the use of androgen receptors inhibitors for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.We also provide an update on recent significant progress and ongoing clinical trials, and discuss the underlying cancer biology of castration resistance.Expert opinion the advent of second-generation androgen receptor inhibitors has radically changed the therapeutic landscape of advanced prostate cancer.Novel strategies targeting the androgenic signaling pathway are being evaluated in order to overcome resistance mechanisms, to optimize the sequence of drugs currently available and to develop new combinational approaches to improve survival outcomes of advanced prostate cancer patients.New clinical trials, predictive biomarkers research, and real-world experience may further improve clinical outcomes and guide clinicians in the decision-making process.

Journal: Expert review of anticancer therapy (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Comparison of the External Morphology of the Sternal Glands for Hornets in the GenusVespa.

Many social wasps in the speciose subfamilies polistinae and vespinae have two sternal glands-the van der vecht gland and the richards gland-that are not found in other insects.The presence of these glands has been confirmed in only 6 of 22 hornet species (genus vespa) and images of their fine structure have not been produced.Here; we characterize the external morphology associated with both glands for workers of nine vespaspecies using scanning electron microscopy.All hornets had similar gland configurations; although gland-associated external features differed among species.Scaled for size, glands were equivalently sized for the giant hornets (v.Mandariniaand v.Soror) and their closest phylogenetic relatives (v.Tropicaand v.Ducalis).Relative size of gland-associated structures was reduced by half for v.Simillima;v.Velutina; and v.Affinisworkers.The remaining species (v.Crabroand v.Analis) had intermediately sized features.Differences among species in external gland structure were best explained by selective pressures related to predatory behavior, rather than defense of nests against ants.However, a lack of information about how vespaworkers use their van der vecht and richards glands limits a comparative interpretation of the function of their external gland morphology.

Journal: Biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article