syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Energy-saving hydrogen production by chlorine-free hybrid seawater splitting coupling hydrazine degradation.

Seawater electrolysis represents a potential solution to grid-scale production of carbon-neutral hydrogen energy without reliance on freshwater.However, it is challenged by high energy costs and detrimental chlorine chemistry in complex chemical environments.Here we demonstrate chlorine-free hydrogen production by hybrid seawater splitting coupling hydrazine degradation.It yields hydrogen at a rate of 9.2 mol h-1gcat-1on ni co/mxene-based electrodes with a low electricity expense of 2.75 k wh per m3h2at 500 m a cm-2and 48% lower energy equivalent input relative to commercial alkaline water electrolysis.Chlorine electrochemistry is avoided by low cell voltages without anode protection regardless cl-crossover.This electrolyzer meanwhile enables fast hydrazine degradation to ~3 ppb residual.Self-powered hybrid seawater electrolysis is realized by integrating low-voltage direct hydrazine fuel cells or solar cells.These findings enable further opportunities for efficient conversion of ocean resources to hydrogen fuel while removing harmful pollutants.

Journal: Nature communications (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Since the beginning of this century, beta coronaviruses (co v) have caused three zoonotic outbreaks.However, little is currently known about the biology of the newly emerged sars-co v-2 in late 2019.There is a spectrum of clinical features from mild to severe life threatening disease with major complications like severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute cardiac injury and septic shock.The genome of sars-co v-2 encodes polyproteins, four structural proteins and six accessory proteins.Sars-co v-2 tends to utilize angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace2) of various mammals.The imbalance between ace/ang ii/at1r pathway and ace2/ang(1-7)/mas receptor pathway in the renin-angiotensin system leads to multi-system inflammation.The early symptoms of covid-19 pneumonia are low to midgrade fever, dry cough and fatigue.Vigilant screening is important.The diagnosis of covid-19 should be based on imaging findings along with epidemiological history and nucleic acid detection.Isolation and quarantine of suspected cases is recommended.Management is primarily supportive, with newer antiviral drugs/vaccines under investigation.

Journal: Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
In VitroModelling of Respiratory Virus Infections in Human Airway Epithelial Cells - A Systematic Review.

Respiratory tract infections (rti) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in humans.A large number of rtis is caused by viruses, often resulting in more severe disease in infants, elderly and the immunocompromised.Upon viral infection, most individuals experience common cold-like symptoms associated with an upper rti.However, in some cases a severe and sometimes life-threatening lower rti may develop.Reproducible and scalablein vitroculture models that accurately reflect the human respiratory tract are needed to study interactions between respiratory viruses and the host, and to test novel therapeutic interventions.Multiplein vitrorespiratory cell culture systems have been described, but the majority of these are based on immortalized cell lines.Although useful for studying certain aspects of viral infections, such monomorphic, unicellular systems fall short in creating an understanding of the processes that occur at an integrated tissue level.Novelin vitromodels involving primary human airway epithelial cells and, more recently, human airway organoids, are now in use.In this review, we describe the evolution ofin vitrocell culture systems and their characteristics in the context of viral rtis, starting from advances after immortalized cell cultures to more recently developed organoid systems.Furthermore, we describe how these models are used in studying virus-host interactions, e.g.Tropism and receptor studies as well as interactions with the innate immune system.Finally, we provide an outlook for future developments in this field, including co-factors that mimic the microenvironment in the respiratory tract.

Journal: Frontiers in immunology (2021)
Publication types: Systematic Review;Journal Article
Flexible Actuator Based on Conductive PAM Hydrogel Electrodes with Enhanced Water Retention Capacity and Conductivity.

Conductive polyacrylamide (pam) hydrogels with salts that act as electrolytes have been used as transparent electrodes with high elasticity in flexible electronic devices.Different types and contents of raw materials will affect their performance in all aspects.We tried to introduce highly hydratable salts into pam hydrogels to improve their water retention capacity.Different salts can improve the water retention capacity of pam hydrogels to a certain extent.In particular, pam hydrogels containing higher concentrations of lithium chloride (li cl) and calcium chloride (ca cl2) showed an extremely strong water retention capacity and could retain about 90% and more than 98% of the initial water in the experimental environment at a temperature of 25 °c and a relative humidity of 60% rh, respectively.In addition, we conducted electrical conductivity tests on these pam hydrogels with different salts.The pam hydrogels containing li cl also show outstanding conductivity, and the highest conductivity value can reach up to about 8 s/m.However, the pam hydrogels containing ca cl2, which also performed well in terms of their water retention capacity, were relatively common in terms of their electrical conductivity.On this basis, we attempted to introduce single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts), and graphene (go) electronic conductors to enhance the electrical conductivity of the pam hydrogels containing li cl.The conductivity of the pam hydrogels containing li cl was improved to a certain extent after the addition of these electronic conductors.The highest electrical conductivity was about 10 s/m after we added the swcnts.This experimental result indicates that these electronic conductors can indeed enhance the electrical conductivity of pam hydrogels to a certain extent.After a maximum of 5000 repeated tensile tests, the conductive hydrogel samples could still maintain their original morphological characteristics and conductivity.This means that these conductive hydrogel samples have a certain degree of system reliability.We made the pam conductive hydrogels with high water retention and good conductivity properties into thin electrodes and applied them to an electric response flexible actuator with dielectric elastomer as the functional material.This flexible actuator can achieve a maximum area strain of 18% under an external voltage of 10 k v.This new composite hydrogels with high water retention and excellent conductivity properties will enable more possibilities for the application of hydrogels.

Journal: Micromachines (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Oropharyngeal dysphagia telerehabilitation in the Intensive Care Unit for COVID-19: a case report.

The face-to-face assessment of and training for dysphagia are considered aerosol-generating procedures, and thus are contraindicated for patients who are positive or suspected of having severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.Considering the extremely infectious nature of the virus, transmission to other individuals during rehabilitation is possible.Some patients in the intensive care unit and those who are on endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation often have dysphagia.Therefore, assessment and training for oropharyngeal dysphagia are provided by rehabilitation professionals to restore normal feeding before patient discharged.Thus, we aimed to explore the advantages of telerehabilitation in dysphagia management during the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic.An infected 50-year-old man admitted to the hospital underwent extracorporeal membrane oxygenation rescue therapy and tracheostomy.Upon gradual respiratory status stabilization, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy was discontinued, and he was weaned off the ventilator.He had difficulty swallowing and coughed after attempting to drink fluids.We considered the application of telerehabilitation for managing dysphagia while minimizing the risk of infection and usage of personal protective equipment.A videoconferencing software on a tablet device provided contactless telerehabilitation, thus reducing the risk of infection and preventing personal protective equipment shortage.Moreover, it facilitates discussion on the issues related to the evaluation of oropharyngeal dysphagia telerehabilitation.We highlight important considerations for the application of telerehabilitation in the assessment and treatment of dysphagia during the covid-19 pandemic.

Journal: CoDAS (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
How handling extreme C-reactive protein (CRP) values and regularization influences CRP and depression criteria associations in network analyses.

Increasingly, it has been recognized that analysis at the symptom, rather than diagnostic, level will drive progress in the field of immunopsychiatry.Network analysis offers a useful tool in this pursuit with the ability to identify associations between immune markers and individual symptoms, independent of all other variables modeled.However, investigation into how methodological decisions (i.e., including vs.Excluding participants with c-reactive protein (crp) >10 mg/l, regularized vs.Nonregularized networks) influence results is necessary to establish best practices for the use of network analysis in immunopsychiatry.In a sample of 3,464 adult participants from the 2015-2016 national health and nutrition examination survey dataset, this study found consistent support for associations between crp and fatigue and changes in appetite and some support for additional crp-criterion associations.Methodologically, results consistently demonstrated that including individuals with crp >10 mg/l and estimating nonregularized networks provided better estimates of these associations.Thus, we recommend considering the use of nonregularized networks in immunopsychiatry and inclusion of cases with crp values >10 mg/l when testing the association between crp and depression criteria, unless contraindicated by the research question being tested.Additionally, results most consistently suggest that crp is uniquely related to fatigue and changes in appetite, supporting their inclusion in an immunometabolic phenotype of depression.Finally, these associations suggest that fatigue and changes in appetite might be particularly receptive to anti-inflammatory treatments.However, future research with more nuanced measures is necessary to parse out whether appetite increases or decreases drive this association.Further, longitudinal research is an important next step to test how these relationships manifest over time.

Journal: Brain, behavior, and immunity (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
CRISPR disruption and UK Biobank analysis of a highly conserved polymorphic enhancer suggests a role in male anxiety and ethanol intake.

Excessive alcohol intake is associated with 5.9% of global deaths.However, this figure is especially acute in men such that 7.6% of deaths can be attributed to alcohol intake.Previous studies identified a significant interaction between genotypes of the galanin (gal) gene with anxiety and alcohol abuse in different male populations but were unable to define a mechanism.To address these issues the current study analysed the human uk biobank cohort and identified a significant interaction (n = 115,865; p = 0.0007) between allelic variation (gg or ca genotypes) in the highly conserved human gal5.1 enhancer, alcohol intake (audit questionnaire scores) and anxiety in men.Critically, disruption of gal5.1 in mice using crispr genome editing significantly reduced gal expression in the amygdala and hypothalamus whilst producing a corresponding reduction in ethanol intake in ko mice.Intriguingly, we also found the evidence of reduced anxiety-like behaviour in male gal5.1ko animals mirroring that seen in humans from our uk biobank studies.Using bioinformatic analysis and co-transfection studies we further identified the egr1 transcription factor, that is co-expressed with gal in amygdala and hypothalamus, as being important in the protein kinase c (pkc) supported activity of the gg genotype of gal5.1 but less so in the ca genotype.Our unique study uses a novel combination of human association analysis, crispr genome editing in mice, animal behavioural analysis and cell culture studies to identify a highly conserved regulatory mechanism linking anxiety and alcohol intake that might contribute to increased susceptibility to anxiety and alcohol abuse in men.

Journal: Molecular psychiatry (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptives use in sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence from recent demographic and health surveys data.

In developing countries, most women want to avoid pregnancy for two years after giving birth.However, 70% do not use contraceptives during this time.Unintended pregnancies may occur for couples who delay contraceptive use during the postpartum period.The most effective form of contraceptive methods for postpartum women is long-acting reversible contraceptive (larc).Therefore, this study aimed to assess long-acting reversible contraceptive use and associated factors among postpartum women in sub-saharan africa.Methods secondary data analysis was performed using the recent demographic and health surveys (dhs).Stata version 14 was used to analyze the data.A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with long-acting reversible contraceptive use.Variables with a p-value < 0.05 in the multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model were declared significant factors associated with long-acting reversible contraceptives.Results the magnitude of long-acting reversible contraceptive use among postpartum women was 12.6% (95% ci: 12.3, 12.8).Women primary (a or = 1.51; 95% ci: 1.41, 1.63) and secondary education (a or = 1.62; 95% ci: 1.32, 1.71), media exposure (a or = 1.73; 95% ci: 1.51, 1.85), place of delivery (a or = 1.54; 95% ci: 1.43, 1.67), number of anc visit; 1-3 (a or = 2.62; 95% ci: 2.31, 2.83) and ≥4 (a or = 3.22; 95% ci: 2.93, 3.57), received pnc (a or = 1.34; 95%ci: 1.13, 1.58), and income level; low middle income (a or = 2.41; 95% ci: 2.11, 2.88) and upper middle income (a or = 1.83; 95% ci: 1.56, 1.24) were significantly associated with long-acting reversible contractive use.Conclusion nearly one in 10 postpartum women used long-acting reversible contraceptives.Hence, we suggest that the concerned bodies should promote family planning messages in mass media and give the well-documented benefits of postpartum long-acting contraceptive use.Promote the integration of postpartum larc methods into maternal health care services and give better attention to postpartum women living in low-income countries and uneducated women.

Journal: PloS one (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
End-of-life nickel-cadmium accumulators: characterization of electrode materials and industrial Black Mass.

The aim of this paper is the characterization of spent ni cd batteries and the characterization of an industrial black mass obtained after crushing spent ni cd batteries and physical separation in a treatment plant.The characterization was first performed with five cylindrical ni cd batteries which were manually dismantled.Their characterization includes mass balance of the components, active powders elemental analysis and phase identification by x-ray powder diffraction.Chemical speciation of the two metals was also investigated.For cadmium, speciation was previously developed on solid synthetic samples.In a spent battery, the active powders correspond to about 43% of the battery weight.The other components are the separator and polymeric pieces (5%), the support plates (25%) and the carbon steel external case (27%).The sequential procedure shows that the nickel in the positive powders from the dismantled ni-cd batteries is distributed between ni0 (39.7%), ni(oh)2 (58.5%) and ni ooh (1.8%).Cadmium in the negative powder is about 99.9% as the cd(oh)2 form with 0.1% of metal cadmium.In the industrial black mass, the distribution of cadmium is the same, whereas the distribution of nickel is ni0 (46.9%), ni(oh)2 (43.2%) and ni ooh (9.9%).This material contains also 1.8% cobalt and approx.1% iron.

Journal: Environmental technology (2015)
Publication types: Journal Article
isomiRTar: a comprehensive portal of pan-cancer 5'-isomiR targeting.

Inaccurate cleavage of pri- and pre-mi rna hairpins by drosha and dicer results in the generation of mi rna isoforms known as isomi rs.Isomi rs with 5'-end variations (5'-isomi rs) create a new dimension in mi rna research since they have different seed regions and distinct targetomes.We developed isomi rtar ( comprehensive portal that allows one to analyze expression profiles and targeting activity of 5'-isomi rs in cancer.Using the cancer genome atlas sequencing data, we compiled the list of 1022 5'-isomi rs expressed in 9282 tumor samples across 31 cancer types.Sequences of these isomi rs were used to predict target genes with mi rdb and target scan.The putative interactions were then subjected to the co-expression analysis in each cancer type to identify isomi r-target pairs supported by significant negative correlations.Downstream analysis of the data deposited in isomi rtar revealed both cancer-specific and cancer-conserved 5'-isomi r expression landscapes.Pairs of isomi rs differing in one nucleotide shift from 5'-end had poorly overlapping targetomes with the median jaccard index of 0.06.The analysis of colorectal cancer 5'-isomi r-mediated regulatory networks revealed promising candidate tumor suppressor isomi rs: hsa-mi r-203a-3p-+1, hsa-mi r-192-5p-+1 and hsa-mi r-148a-3p-0.In summary, we believe that isomi rtar will help researchers find novel mechanisms of isomi r-mediated gene silencing in different types of cancer.

Journal: PeerJ (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of styloid process: A retrospective study of 1000 patients.

The styloid process (sp) is a bony projection, located just anterior to the stylomastoid foramen, the normal length of which is approximately 20-30 mm.The length of sp when exceeds 30 mm it is said to "elongated." the purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the prevalence of elongated sp (esp) by cone beam computed tomography (cbct) examination in turkish subpopulation and its relation to gender and age.Materials and methods this study analyzed cbct of 1000 patients who were randomly selected to participate and were aged from 14 to 78 years.Any radiograph with questionable sp was excluded from the study.The apparent length and thickness of the sp were measured by two dental and maxillofacial radiologists.The esp was classified with radiographic appearance-based morphology of elongation.The data were analyzed with the ibm spss statistics 20.0.Results the mean age of patients was 42.49 ± 14.83 years.The length of sp was measured over 30 mm in 151 patients (15.1%).A total of 151 cbct showed esp, of which 87 (57.6%) were noticed in males and 64 (42.4%) in female patients.The length of right-sided sp ranged from 30.05 to 85.49 mm and left-sided sp from 30.14 to 83.72 mm.Conclusion cbct is a valuable diagnostic imaging tool which makes accurate length measurements.It is important for the clinicians to be aware of natural variations of the sp whose clinical importance is not well understood.

Journal: European journal of dentistry (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Concurrent Validity Between Potential Screening Tests for Early Mobility Decline in Independent Community Dwellers.

And purpose standardized screening tests that detect early mobility decline, regardless of etiology, are needed for healthy aging.The locomotive syndrome (ls) tests are designed to identify stages of mobility decline and inform appropriate levels of intervention.The long-term goal of this research is to develop standardized mobility screening tests that can be used across health care settings and throughout a patient's lifespan to guide appropriate medical care.As the first step in this process, this study examines the concurrent validity between the reference and the ls tests.Methods this cross-sectional study examined correlations between the ls functional tests and a set of reference tests and the ability to differentiate the 3 stages of mobility decline.The reference tests included the stair-climbing test, the 30-second chair rise test, the 6-minute walk test, the global physical health (gph) portion of the promis, and the lower extremity functional scale (lefs).The ls tests included the stand-up test, the 2-step test, and the 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale (25-glfs).A total of 115 community dwellers of 61.2 years old on average (±10.0 years), with n = 71 (61%) older than 60 years, voluntary participated in this prospective study.Nonparametric analyses of variance and correlations were used to examine the concurrent validity.Results and discussion performance-based tests were significantly correlated (| r | = 0.38-0.61, p < .001) with ls tests.The lefs was correlated with all ls tests, but the gph was only correlated with the 25-glfs.Also, significant differences were found in reference test scores between the 3 ls stages ( p < .05).Conclusions the ls tests and reference tests demonstrated significant correlations, and participants performed significantly worse on reference tests as ls severity increased.Given these results, it is possible that the ls standardized tests may play an important role in mobility screening.Future research should investigate feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity of these tests.

Journal: Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Astilbin promotes the induction of regulatory NK1.1-CD4+NKG2D+T cells through the PI3K, STAT3, and MAPK signaling pathways.

Astilbin is a potential agent for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and has a protective effect in mice with dss-induced colitis.Nk1.1-cd4+nkg2d+t cells are a subpopulation of regulatory t cells that produce tgf-β1 and il-10.Whether astilbin directly promotes the induction of nk1.1-cd4+nkg2d+t cells and whether these astilbin-stimulated t cells exert an immune-regulatory role remain unclear.Here, we show that astilbin efficiently induces the production of nk1.1-cd4+nkg2d+t cells with high expressions of tgf-β1, il-10, ccr6, and ccr9 in a dose-dependent manner ex vivo.These regulatory t cells also substantially inhibit the activities of cd8+t cells and macrophages.Intraperitoneal injection of astilbin ameliorates the severity of colitis with an increase in the frequency of nk1.1-cd4+nkg2d+t cells in the colon tissue of dss-treated mice.Moreover, adoptive transfer of nk1.1-cd4+nkg2d+t cells induced by astilbin remarkably protects against the onset of dss-induced colitis.Finally, the pi3k, stat3, and mapk signaling pathways are involved in the induction of nk1.1-cd4+nkg2d+t cells by astilbin.Taken together, our study elucidates a new immune-regulatory mechanism of astilbin by inducing the regulatory nk1.1-cd4+nkg2d+t cells and indicates a potential clinical use of astilbin for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

Journal: International immunopharmacology (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article