syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Risk of Myocarditis and Pericarditis among Young Adults following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccinations.

There have been reports of cases of myocarditis and pericarditis as rare complications following m rna covid-19 vaccinations among young adults.While most reported cases are mild, this potential vaccine safety signal should be closely monitored.Using data from the cdc and the vaccine adverse event reporting system (vaers), we calculated the combined reporting rate of myocarditis and pericarditis stratified by age group, sex, vaccine dose, and manufacturer, and compared these rates to the crude background incidence rates.Compared to the general population prior to the administration of the first covid-19 vaccines in december 2020, we identified a higher-than-expected reporting rate of myocarditis and pericarditis following m rna vaccination; the risk was higher after a second vaccine dose, higher in males than in females, and decreased with age.The highest risk was seen in males 12-17 years of age with approximately 6 cases per 100,000 second doses.Our findings suggest an increased risk of myocarditis and pericarditis in young males following a second dose of an m rna covid-19 vaccine.Since these findings are based on safety signals derived from passive surveillance data, confirmatory epidemiological studies should be undertaken.

Journal: Vaccines (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Basic Motor Competencies of (Pre)School Children: The Role of Social Integration and Health-Related Quality of Life.

In (pre)school, children acquire and deepen their basic motor competencies (bmcs) and interact with peers and friends.Bmcs are a central developmental goal in childhood and the prerequisite for participation in sportive aspects of social life.Both motor competencies and social integration are linked to children's health-related quality of life (hrqo l).The aim of the present study was to describe the connection between bmcs, social relationships, and aspects of hrqo l in (pre)school children.In this study, the bmcs of n = 1163 preschool children (m= 5.7 years,sd= 0.57, 52% boys) and n = 880 first and second graders (m= 7.5 years,sd= 0.58, 51% boys) were tested.The children's social integration was assessed by the teachers; the hrqo l was recorded from the parents' perspective.In both preschool and primary school, children with better bmcs also showed higher values in their social integration.Moreover, the results indicated a connection between bmcs and general hrqo l in primary school and bmcs and physical well-being in preschool.As bmcs, social integration, and hrqo l seem to be connected in (pre)school, this should be considered both from developmental and health-oriented perspectives, as well as for physical education (pe) lessons.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Faintly tired: a systematic review of fatigue in patients with orthostatic syncope.

Orthostatic syncope (transient loss of conscious when standing-fainting) is common and negatively impacts quality of life.Many patients with syncope report experiencing fatigue, sometimes with "brain fog", which may further impact their quality of life, but the incidence and severity of fatigue in patients with syncope remain unclear.In this systematic review, we report evidence on the associations between fatigue and conditions of orthostatic syncope.Methods we performed a comprehensive literature search of four academic databases to identify articles that evaluated the association between orthostatic syncope [postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (pots), vasovagal syncope (vvs), orthostatic hypotension (oh)] and fatigue.Studies were independently screened using a multi-stage approach by two researchers to maintain consistency and limit bias.Results our initial search identified 2797 articles, of which 13 met our inclusion criteria (pots n = 10; vvs n = 1; oh n = 1; vvs and pots n = 1).Fatigue scores were significantly higher in patients with orthostatic syncope than healthy controls, and were particularly severe in those with pots.Fatigue associated with orthostatic syncope disorders spanned multiple domains, with each dimension contributing equally to increased fatigue."brain fog" was an important symptom of pots, negatively affecting productivity and cognition.Finally, fatigue was negatively associated with mental health in patients with pots.Conclusion in conditions of orthostatic syncope, fatigue is prevalent and debilitating, especially in patients with pots.The consideration of fatigue in patients with orthostatic disorders is essential to improve diagnosis and management of symptoms, thus improving quality of life for affected individuals.

Journal: Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Systematic Review;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Determinants of mortality in cancer patients with unscheduled admission to the Intensive Care Unit: A prospective multicenter study.

S to analyze clinical features associated to mortality in oncological patients with unplanned admission to the intensive care unit (icu), and to determine whether such risk factors differ between patients with solid tumors and those with hematological malignancies.Design an observational study was carried out.Setting a total of 123 intensive care units across spain.Patients all cancer patients with unscheduled admission due to acute illness related to the background oncological disease.Interventions none.Main variables demographic parameters, severity scores and clinical condition were assessed, and mortality was analyzed.Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed.Results a total of 482 patients were included: solid cancer (n=311) and hematological malignancy (n=171).Multivariate regression analysis showed the factors independently associated to icu mortality to be the apache ii score (or 1.102; 95% ci 1.064-1.143), medical admission (or 3.587; 95% ci 1.327-9.701), lung cancer (or 2.98; 95% ci 1.48-5.99) and mechanical ventilation after the first 24h of icu stay (or 2.27; 95% ci 1.09-4.73), whereas no need for mechanical ventilation was identified as a protective factor (or 0.15; 95% ci 0.09-0.28).In solid cancer patients, the apache ii score, medical admission, antibiotics in the previous 48h and lung cancer were identified as independent mortality indicators, while no need for mechanical ventilation was identified as a protective factor.In the multivariate analysis, the apache ii score and mechanical ventilation after 24h of icu stay were independently associated to mortality in hematological cancer patients, while no need for mechanical ventilation was identified as a protective factor.Neutropenia was not identified as an independent mortality predictor in either the total cohort or in the two subgroups.Conclusions the risk factors associated to mortality did not differ significantly between patients with solid cancers and those with hematological malignancies.Delayed intubation in patients requiring mechanical ventilation might be associated to icu mortality.

Journal: Medicina intensiva (2022)
Publication types: Observational Study;Multicenter Study;Journal Article
Impaired Speckle-Tracking-Derived Left Ventricular Longitudinal Strain Is Associated with Transposition of Great Arteries in Neonates: A Single-Center Study.

The transposition of great arteries (tga) is one of the most frequent and severe congenital heart diseases.After newborn stabilization and while pending surgical correction, echocardiographic monitoring with a careful evaluation of left ventricle (lv) performance is warranted.In this study, our objectives were (i) to compare myocardial function, assessed via speckle-tracking echocardiography, between neonates with tga and neonates without tga and (ii) to identify a strain parameter with a good discriminatory ability for tga.We conducted a retrospective, single-center study.A total of 90 neonates were examined, of whom 66 were included (16 comprised the tga group and 50 comprised the control group).The results of a bivariate analysis showed that classic echocardiography parameters displayed no significant differences between the two studied groups (p= 0.785 for ef,p= 0.286 for mapse andp= 0.315 for tapse).We found a statistically significant difference between the two groups for the mean values of the lvp gls parameter (adjustedp= 0.0047), with impaired lv myocardium function being observed in the tga group after adjusting for other covariates.Regarding segmental strain, the mean medial and apical inter-ventricular septum strain values were found to be significantly lower in the neonates with tga than in the controls (95% ci for difference in means: [-6.45, -0.65], [-8.56, -1.97]).The results of an roc analysis showed that lvp gls had a significant ability to differentiate between neonates with tga and controls (auc = 0.712, 95% ci: [0.52, 0.903],p= 0.011).In conclusion, lvp gls is a parameter with a significant discriminatory ability for lv dysfunction, and it is useful in the evaluation of ventricular myocardial function in newborns with tga.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Comparing the reporting and conduct quality of exercise and pharmacological randomised controlled trials: a systematic review.

Evaluate the quality of exercise randomised controlled trial (rct) reporting and conduct in clinical populations (ie, adults with or at risk of chronic conditions) and compare with matched pharmacological rcts.Design systematic review.Data sources embase (elsevier), pub med (nlm) and cinahl (ebsco).Study selection rcts of exercise in clinical populations with matching pharmacological rcts published in leading clinical, medical and specialist journals with impact factors ≥15.Review methods overall rct quality was evaluated by two independent reviewers using three research reporting guidelines (ie, consolidated standards of reporting trials (consort; pharmacological rcts)/consort for non-pharmacological treatments; exercise rcts), consort-harms, template for intervention description and replication) and two risk of bias assessment (research conduct) tools (ie, cochrane risk of bias, jadad scale).We compared research reporting and conduct quality within exercise rcts with matched pharmacological rcts, and examined factors associated with quality in exercise and pharmacological rcts, separately.Findings forty-eight exercise rcts (11 658 patients; median sample n=138) and 48 matched pharmacological rcts were evaluated (18 501 patients; median sample n=160).Rcts were conducted primarily in cardiovascular medicine (43%) or oncology (31%).Overall quality score (composite of all research reporting and conduct quality scores; primary endpoint) for exercise rcts was 58% (median score 46 of 80; iqr: 39-51) compared with 77% (53 of 68; iqr: 47-58) in the matched pharmacological rcts (p≤0.001).Individual quality scores for trial reporting and conduct were lower in exercise rcts compared with matched pharmacological rcts (p≤0.03).Factors associated with higher overall quality scores for exercise rcts were journal impact factor (≥25), sample size (≥152) and publication year (≥2013).Conclusions and relevance research reporting and conduct quality within exercise rcts is inferior to matched pharmacological rcts.Suboptimal rct reporting and conduct impact the fidelity, interpretation, and reproducibility of exercise trials and, ultimately, implementation of exercise in clinical populations.Prospero registration number crd42018095033.

Journal: BMJ open (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Systematic Review
Teachers' Knowledge and Stigmatizing Attitudes Associated With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Effectiveness of a Brief Educational Intervention.

Because children and adolescents are vulnerable to developing obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd), classroom teachers play an important role in the early identification and intervention in students with ocd.The present study aims to explore the recognition of ocd, general knowledge about this disorder, implications in the classroom, and stigmatizing attitudes among teachers, as well as the effectiveness of a brief educational intervention about ocd.Participants (n= 95; mean age = 43.29 years old; 64.3% female) were primary and secondary school teachers who were randomly assigned to an experimental group or a control group.All of them completed a set of self-report questionnaires, read an educational fact sheet (either about ocd in the experimental group or about a healthy diet in the control group), and again completed the questionnaires.Results show that prior to the intervention, most of the teachers identified the contamination and order ocd symptoms described in a vignette as specific to ocd (82.1%) and would recommend talking about the problem (98.9%) and seeking help (94.7%).However, only a few (36.8%) knew about the most effective ocd treatments or identified compulsions as a main ocd symptom (33%).Moreover, only about half of the teachers correctly identified ocd's possible interference in classroom routines, such as delays to achieve perfection or concentration problems, and strategies for dealing with ocd, such as continuing with the class rhythm.Stigma levels were from low to moderate.After the brief educational intervention, participants in the experimental group increased their knowledge about ocd, improved their strategies for managing a student with ocd symptoms, and had fewer stigmatizing attitudes associated with pity (p< 0.05).These changes were not observed in the control group.We can conclude that this brief and easy-to-administer intervention is an effective educational intervention to significantly improve teachers' knowledge and attitudes, at least in the short-term.These results are especially relevant because ocd is associated with high interference and long delays in seeking treatment, and teachers have a unique opportunity to help with prevention, early identification, and recommending an adequate intervention for ocd.

Journal: Frontiers in psychiatry (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effects of low-concentration atropine eye drops on the optical quality of the eyes in myopic children.

The present study was performed to compare the optical quality of the eyes of myopic children before and after treatment with atropine eye drops of different concentrations.Methods in the study population of 71 patients (131 eyes), 34 patients (63 eyes) were given 0.01% atropine eye drops and 37 patients (68 eyes) were given 0.05% atropine eye drops.The modulation transfer function (mtf) cutoff frequency, strehl ratio, objective scattering index (osi), and predicted visual acuities (pvas 100%, 20%, and 9%) under different lighting conditions were measured before and after two weeks of atropine treatment.Results after using 0.05% atropine eye drops for two weeks, the strehl ratio decreased from 0.27 ± 0.07 to 0.23 ± 0.07 (p = 0.0026), pva 20% decreased from 1.15 ± 0.32 to 1.03 ± 0.36 (p = 0.0344), and pva 9% decreased from 0.74 ± 0.23 to 0.64 ± 0.23 (p = 0.0073).The osi was significantly higher after using 0.05% than 0.01% atropine eye drops (p = 0.0396), while both the strehl ratio and pva 20% were lower after using 0.05% than 0.01% atropine eye drops (p = 0.0087 and p = 0.0492, respectively).Conclusion the children's optical quality did not change significantly after using 0.01% atropine eye drops, whereas it decreased after using 0.05% atropine eye drops.

Journal: Indian journal of ophthalmology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Impact of Personal Protection Habits on the Spread of Pandemics: Insights from an Agent-Based Model.

After several waves of spread of the covid-19 pandemic, countries around the world are struggling to regain their economies by slowly lifting mobility restrictions and social distance measures applied during the crisis.Meanwhile, recent studies provide compelling evidence on how contact distancing, the use of face masks, and handwashing habits can reduce the risk of sars-co v-2 transmission.In this context, we investigated the effect that these personal protection habits can have in preventing new waves of contagion.Methods we extended an agent-based covid-19 epidemic model in a simulated community to incorporate the mechanisms of these aforementioned personal care habits and measure their incidence in person-to-person transmission.A full factorial experiment design was performed to illustrate the extent to which the interplay between these personal habits is effective in mitigating the spread of disease.A global sensitivity analysis was performed on the parameters that control these habits to further validate the results.Results we found that observing physical distance is the dominant habit in reducing disease transmission, although adopting either or both of the other two habits is necessary to some extent to suppress a new outbreak entirely.When physical distance is not observed, adherence to the use of masks or handwashing has a significant decrease in infections and mortality, but the epidemic still unfolds.We also found that in all scenarios, the combined effect of adhering to the three habits is more powerful than adopting them separately.Conclusions our findings suggest that a broad adherence of the population to voluntary self-care habits would help contain unfold of new outbreaks.The purpose of our model is illustrative and contributes to ratify the importance of urging citizens to adopt the amalgam of personal care habits as a primary collective protection measure to prevent communities from returning to confinements, while immunisation is carried out in late stages of the pandemic.

Journal: TheScientificWorldJournal (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Association between anxiety and eating behaviors in patients with obesity.

Given the link between eating behavior and obesity, it is critical to identify individuals who have eating behaviors which contribute to obesity etiology.This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between symptoms of anxiety and eating behaviors in patients with obesity.Methods this was a cross-sectional study analyzing baseline characteristics of 438 patients with obesity (bmi>30).Patients completed the hospital anxiety and depression scale (hads) questionnaire, the three-factor eating questionnaire r21 (tfeq-r21), and the weight efficacy lifestyle questionnaire (wel).Pearson correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the association between questionnaires.Two-sample independentt-test were conducted to examine differences in the tfeq-r21 and wel between low and moderate to severe levels of symptoms of anxiety.Results anxiety scores (hads-a) positively correlated with two factors of the tfeq, emotional eating (r = 0.36) and uncontrolled eating (r = 0.27).The hads-a score was negatively correlated with self-efficacy to resist eating in all five situational factors on the wel (p < 0.01).Patients with symptoms of anxiety additionally showed higher mean scores for emotional eating and uncontrolled eating (p < 0.001, respectively),and lower levels of cognitive restraint (p = 0.04)) on the tfeq-r21.Conclusion patients with obesity who reported having anxiety symptoms had lower self-confidence to manage their eating and more emotional eating than patients with low anxiety symptoms.Clearly more needs to be learned about symtoms of anxiety and eating behaviors.

Journal: Obesity pillars (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Thermoresponsive polymer nanocarriers for biomedical applications.

Polymer nanocarriers allow drug encapsulation leading to fragile molecule protection from early degradation/metabolization, increased solubility of poorly soluble drugs and improved plasmatic half-life.However, efficiently controlling the drug release from nanocarriers is still challenging.Thermoresponsive polymers exhibiting either a lower critical solution temperature (lcst) or an upper critical solution temperature (ucst) in aqueous medium may be the key to build spatially and temporally controlled drug delivery systems.In this review, we provide an overview of lcst and ucst polymers used as building blocks for thermoresponsive nanocarriers for biomedical applications.Recent nanocarriers based on thermoresponsive polymer exhibiting unprecedented features useful for biomedical applications are also discussed.While lcst nanocarriers have been studied for over two decades, ucst nanocarriers have recently emerged and already show great potential for effective thermoresponsive drug release.

Journal: Advanced drug delivery reviews (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
Fabrication of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Contained in Gelatin/Hyaluronate Copolymer Mixed with Hydroxyapatite for Use in Traumatic Bone Defects

Bone defects of orthopedic trauma remain a challenge in clinical practice.Regarding bone void fillers, besides the well-known osteoconductivity of most bone substitutes, osteoinductivity has also been gaining attention in recent years.It is known that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (sdf-1) can recruit mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) in certain circumstances, which may also play an important role in bone regeneration.In this study, we fabricated a gelatin/hyaluronate (gel/ha) copolymer mixed with hydroxyapatite (hap) and sdf-1 to try and enhance bone regeneration in a bone defect model.After material characterization, these gel/ha-hap and gel/ha-hap-sdf-1 composites were tested for their biocompatibility and ability to recruit mscs in vitro.A femoral condyle bone defect model of rats was used for in vivo studies.For the assessment of bone healing, micro-ct analysis, second harmonic generation (shg) imaging, and histology studies were performed.As a result, the gel/ha-hap composites showed no systemic toxicity to rats.Gel/ha-hap composite groups both showed better bone generation compared with the control group in an animal study, and the composite with the sdf-1 group even showed a trend of faster bone growth compared with the composite without sdf-1 group.In conclusion, in the management of traumatic bone defects, gel/ha-hap-sdf-1 composites can be a feasible material for use as bone void fillers.

Journal: Micromachines (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article