syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Analysis of national coverage of neonatal cystic fibrosis screening in Brazil from 2008 to 2017.

Introduction the brazilian neonatal screening program established in 2001 included the investigation of cystic fibrosis (cf) in the phase iii of the program.For this purpose, the immunoreactive trypsin (irt) measurement was added to the newborn screening test.The purpose of national neonatal screening program is to reach 100% of live births in brazil.The aim of this study was to analyze the coverage of neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis (cf) in brazil from 2008 to 2017.Materials and methods this is an ecological study design based on data collected from the brazilian outpatient information system regarding the detection of irt as a component of the heel stick test from 2008 to 2017.Moreover, we gathered data from the brazilian live birth information system referring to live births from 2008 to 2017.We calculated the coverage of irt measurement for every 100 live births, using the number of irt measurement procedures as the numerator and the number of live births stratified by federative units (states), as well as by the brazilian regions as the denominator.These regions correspond to the divisions of the national territory based on criteria such as natural, social, cultural and economic aspects.Results from 2008 to 2017, the regions presented the following coverage medians: south (84.1%), southeast (71.4%), midwest (47.3%) northeast (12.3%) and north (10.9%).In the analysis of federative units, in the years 2013 to 2017, paraná and distrito federal presented the highest median of coverage (100%), while the states with the lowest median were rio grande do norte (12.1%), amazonas (16.8%) and paraíba (27.5%).Highest coverage was found in the south region, where are located most of the states with high socioeconomic development and high supply of health services, while the lowest coverage was found in the north region, where are located manly the states with low socioeconomic development and low supply of health services.According to data from the brazilian ministry of health, the universalization of neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis occurred in 2013, however, at the end of this year, most states in the north and northeast regions had not registered irt measurements in the outpatient information system.Conclusion although the coverage of neonatal screening for cf has improved nationwide over the years of the study, the disparity in the coverage of irt measurements at the interregional and interstate levels is notable.Systematic implementation of neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis with equity and access to the entire population is suggested, leading to a greater number of children benefiting from treatment and a better quality of life.

Journal: The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effect of a specificEscherichia coli Nissle 1917strain on minimal/mild hepatic encephalopathy treatment.

Hepatic encephalopathy (he) can be considered a result of dysregulated gut-liver-brain axis function, where cognitive impairment can be reversed or prevented by the beneficial effects induced by "gut-centric" therapies, such as the administration of nonabsorbable disaccharides, nonabsorbable antibiotics, probiotics and prebiotics.Aim to assess the short-term efficacy and safety of the probiotic escherichia coli nissle(ec n) 1917 strain compared to lactulose and rifaximin in patients with minimal/mild he.Methods from january 2017 to march 2020, a total of 45 patients with he were enrolled in this prospective, single-centre, open-label, randomized study.Participants were randomly assigned at a ratio of 1:1:1 to one of the treatment groups: the ec n group (n= 15), lactulose group (n= 15) or rifaximin group (n= 15) for a 1 mo intervention period.The main primary outcomes of the study were changes in serum ammonia and stroop test score.The secondary outcomes were markers of a chronic systemic inflammatory response (іl-6, іl-8, and ifn-γ) and bacteriology of the stool flora evaluated by specialized nonculture techniques after a 1 mo intervention period.Results patients who were given rifaximin or ec n showed a more significant reduction in serum ammonia and normalization of bifidobacteriaand lactobacilliabundance compared to the lactulose group.However, the most pronounced restoration of the symbiotic microflora was associated with ec n administration and characterized by the absence of e.Coliwith altered properties and pathogenic enterobacteria in patient faeces.In the primary outcome analysis, improvements in the stroop test parameters in all intervention groups were observed.Moreover, ec n-treated patients performed 15% faster on the stroop test than the lactulose group patients (p= 0.017).Both ec n and rifaximin produced similar significant reductions in the proinflammatory cytokines inf-γ, il-6 and il-8.Ec n was more efficient than lactulose in reducing proinflammatory cytokine levels.Conclusion the use of the probiotic ec n strain was safe and quite efficient for he treatment.The probiotic reduced the ammonia content and the level of serum proinflammatory cytokines, normalized the gut microbiota composition and improved the cognitive function of patients with he.The application of the ec n strain was more effective than lactulose treatment.

Journal: World journal of hepatology (2022)
Publication types: Clinical Trial;Journal Article
Brush-like gold nanowires-anchored g-C3N4nanosheets with tunable geometry for ultrasensitive and regenerative SERS detection of gaseous molecules.

Strapping plasmonic substrate with a reliable ability to anchor molecules and achieve reproducible result provides trustworthy opportunities for flourishing surface-enhanced raman scattering (sers) technique.Herein, a facile controllable in-situ anisotropic growth strategy was exploited to anchor gold nanowires (au nws) onto two-dimensional g-c3n4nanosheets (g-c3n4/au nws), facilitating a sensitive and recyclable sers sensor for gaseous analytes.Benefiting from the attractive enrichment effect of the brush-like surface formed by numerous small au nws as well as their rich nanotips-mediated enhancement capability, the hybrid substrate showed an outstanding performance in sers-based detection of trace 4-aminothiophenol (4-atp) molecules, demonstrating a monitoring limitation down to 10-8m even in atmosphere.Satisfyingly, under visible light illumination, the efficient green photocatalytic ability derived from the g-c3n4supporting matrix rendered reusable capability for the substrate, whose sers signal was kept at a persistent high level throughout 6 cycles.Attributed to the narrow line width of sers spectrum, the 4-atp assay under the interference of 2-naphthalenethiol (2-nat) was acquired in gas phase and the dependable recovery rates from 85.4 to 93.9% were confirmed as well.Thanks to the intriguing features including excellent sensitivity and recyclability, the g-c3n4/au nws substrate proposed here will pave the way toward the potential application of sers technique in multiplexed gaseous detection.

Journal: Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Psychosocial and clinical characteristics of a patient with Takotsubo syndrome and her healthy monozygotic twin: a case report.

Takotsubo syndrome (tts) is an acute heart failure syndrome characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction, increased myocardial biomarkers, and electrocardiographic changes.Symptoms of tts are similar to those of acute coronary syndromes, but there is often no significant coronary stenosis.Although emotional and physical stressors are often reported as having triggered tts, the pathogenesis is largely unknown.To address this issue, we comprehensively characterized a monozygous pair of twin sisters, one of whom experienced tts.Case summary the 60-year-old caucasian monozygotic female twins with and without tts were examined at the university hospital zurich in switzerland.The twins completed questionnaires and clinical interviews assessing several sociopsychological factors.The twin sister with tts exhibited higher levels of anxiety, vital exhaustion, social inhibition, and alexithymia, and lower levels of quality of and meaning in life.She was given the diagnoses of social phobia, adjustment disorder, specific anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, and an accentuated anxiety-avoidant personality disorder.Additionally, the twin with tts experienced more-and also more severe-stressors involving life-threatening and dangerous situations over the life course.Discussion these monozygous female twins with and without tts differed in several notable aspects of their psychological functioning, psychiatric status, personality, and lifetime stressor exposure.The results thus highlight several factors, besides genetic components, that may play an important role in the pathogenesis of tts.Looking forward, larger studies using experimental and longitudinal designs are needed to elucidate the role that psychosocial factors play in tts.

Journal: European heart journal. Case reports (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Deep learning predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis from pretreatment computed tomography images.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (icis) have revolutionized the treatment of lung cancer, including both non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer.Despite the promising results of immunotherapies, ici-related pneumonitis (icip) is a potentially fatal adverse event.Therefore, early detection of patients at risk for developing icip before the initiation of immunotherapy is critical for alleviating future complications with early interventions and improving treatment outcomes.In this study, we present the first reported work that explores the potential of deep learning to predict patients who are at risk for developing icip.To this end, we collected the pretreatment baseline ct images and clinical information of 24 patients who developed icip after immunotherapy and 24 control patients who did not.A multimodal deep learning model was constructed based on 3d ct images and clinical data.To enhance performance, we employed two-stage transfer learning by pre-training the model sequentially on a large natural image dataset and a large ct image dataset, as well as transfer learning.Extensive experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the key components used in our method.Using five-fold cross-validation, our method accurately distinguished icip patients from non-icip patients, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.918 and accuracy of 0.920.This study demonstrates the promising potential of deep learning to identify patients at risk for developing icip.The proposed deep learning model enables efficient risk stratification, close monitoring, and prompt management of icip, ultimately leading to better treatment outcomes.

Journal: Frontiers in physiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Factors Associated with Survival of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Patients at a Safety Net Hospital in Arizona without On-Site Liver Transplant Program.

With the rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), ongoing efforts should be focused on providing equitable and state-of-the-art care to patients.Purpose the aim of this study was to determine the survival of patients with hcc seen at a high-proportion safety net hospital (h-snh), where loco-regional therapy and hepatology services are available and liver transplantation (lt) is referred to outside facilities.Patients and methods a retrospective cohort study was conducted on all patients with hcc seen at valley wise health center (vwhc) over a ten-year period.Clinical variables, treatment modalities, survival duration, hospice, and lt referrals of 161 patients were collected from the medical records.Survival analysis was used to determine the relationship of clinically relevant variables and survival among patients with hcc.A log rank test was used to compare univariate variables.A cox regression analysis was used to compare and control for multiple variables.Results of the 161 patients included in the study, 33% were uninsured.The median age was 59 (21 to >89) years with 47% hispanic, 31% caucasian, 15% african american and 7% other races included for the analysis.The median survival for the cohort was 20.1 months.In the multivariate model, insurance status, final meld, tumor within the milan criteria and having received treatment for hcc were associated with survival.Surveillance for hcc was associated with hcc in the univariate analysis, but not in the multivariable model.Thirty percent of patients were referred for lt and 1.25% of the entire cohort received it.Conclusion despite the availability of treatment modalities available for hcc at vwhc and the option of liver transplantation for appropriate candidates at outside centers, os was less than reported from programs with on-site liver transplant programs.Reasons for lower survival in centers without liver transplant programs should be further studied.

Journal: Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Composition of naturally occurring compounds decreases activity of Omicron and SARS-CoV-2 RdRp complex.

Naturally-occurring compounds are acknowledged for their broad antiviral efficacy.Little is however known about their mutual cooperation.Here, we evaluated in vitro efficacy of the defined mixture of agents against the rd rp complex of the original sars-co v-2 and omicron variant.This composition of vitamin c, n-acetylcysteine, resveratrol, theaflavin, curcumin, quercetin, naringenin, baicalin, and broccoli extract showed to inhibit activity of rd rp/nsp7/nsp8 both these variants.In vitro exposure of recombinant rd rp complex to individual compounds of this composition pointed to quercetin as the driving inhibitory compound.The outcome of this study supports the motion of antiviral efficacy of natural compounds against sars-co v-2 and omicron and implies that their reciprocal or mutual interaction may augment antiviral action through simultaneous effect on different mechanisms.Consequently, this makes it more difficult for an infectious agent to evade all these mechanisms at the same time.Considering the urgency in finding effective prevention, but also side-effects free treatment of covid-19 our results call for clinical affirmation of the benefits of this micronutrient combination in both preventive and therapeutic aspects.Whether observed effects can be achieved, by concentrations of the active agents used in these in vitro experiments, in in vivo or clinical setting warrants further study.

Journal: European journal of microbiology & immunology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Prognosis after Hip Fracture Surgery in Older Patients in a Dedicated Orthogeriatric Care Pathway.

S vitamin d deficiency is common in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery (hfs) and has been found to be associated with poor post-operative outcome in other settings.This study aimed to analyze the association between vitamin d status and prognosis after hfs.Design observational, prospective, single-center study.Setting and participants all patients admitted in a peri-operative geriatric unit between 2009 and 2020 for hfs were included.Measurements a moderate vitamin d deficiency was defined by a vitamin d level between 25 and 75 nmol/l and a severe deficiency by a vitamin d level <25 nmol/l.Primary endpoint was mortality 6 months after surgery.Secondary endpoints were bacterial infections and delirium during hospitalization.Odds ratio (or) and 95% confidence interval (95%ci) were computed using logistic regression models with adjustment for confounders.Results 1197 patients were included (median age 87 years, iqr [82-91]).Median vitamin d level was 55 nmol/l (iqr [30-75 nmol/l]).Moderate and severe vitamin d deficiencies were reported in 53% and 21% of patients, respectively.There was no significant association between moderate or severe vitamin d deficiencies and 6-month mortality (or 0.91, 95%ci [0.59-1.39], and or 1.31, 95%ci [0.77-2.22], respectively), bacterial infection (or 0.89, 95%ci [0.60-1.31] and or 1.55, 95%ci [0.99-2.41], respectively), nor delirium (or 1.03, 95%ci [0.75-1.40], and or 1.05, 95%ci [0.70-1.57], respectively).Conclusion vitamin d deficiency was not associated with mortality, bacterial infection or delirium after hfs.Our results suggest that comorbidities, functional status and post-operative complications are the main determinants of post-operative outcome after hfs.

Journal: The journal of nutrition, health & aging (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study
Opioid mortality, public health care expenditures, and cross-national homicide rates: findings from 25 OECD countries, 2000-2017.

This study assesses the relationship between opioid mortality and homicide rates across 25 member countries of the organization for economic co-operation and development (oecd) over time and investigates the role of country-level public health expenditures in this relationship.Methods fixed effects linear regression is used to assess the longitudinal association between opioid mortality and cross-national homicide rates in 25 oecd countries between 2000 and 2017.Moderation analyses are conducted to assess the interaction between opioid mortality rates and public health expenditures per capita.Results study findings revealed a positive bivariate association between opioid mortality and homicide rates.However, this association became null after controlling for public health expenditures.Moderation analyses revealed that there is a strong positive association between opioid mortality and homicide rates when public health expenditures are low, which becomes gradually weaker at higher levels of health expenditures.Conclusion this study suggests one consequence of the opioid epidemic may be increased homicide rates, and this association is stronger in countries with lower public health expenditures.These findings highlight the potential role of governments to combat the associated harms of rising opioid use through greater investments in public health care.

Journal: Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Personalized pathology test for Cardio-vascular disease: Approximate Bayesian computation with discriminative summary statistics learning.

Cardio/cerebrovascular diseases (cvd) have become one of the major health issue in our societies.But recent studies show that the present pathology tests to detect cvd are ineffectual as they do not consider different stages of platelet activation or the molecular dynamics involved in platelet interactions and are incapable to consider inter-individual variability.Here we propose a stochastic platelet deposition model and an inferential scheme to estimate the biologically meaningful model parameters using approximate bayesian computation with a summary statistic that maximally discriminates between different types of patients.Inferred parameters from data collected on healthy volunteers and different patient types help us to identify specific biological parameters and hence biological reasoning behind the dysfunction for each type of patients.This work opens up an unprecedented opportunity of personalized pathology test for cvd detection and medical treatment.

Journal: PLoS computational biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Body construction and health itineraries: a survey among travestis and trans people in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The article examines health itineraries followed by brazilian travestis, trans men and trans women in the affirmation of their gender, based on the survey trans uerj: health and citizenship of trans people in brazil.The survey's main objectives were to gauge the trans/travesti population's diversity and sociodemographic profile; and to map the various ways they access their rights as citizens, especially to healthcare services and body modification technologies.Interviewers, mainly trans people and travestis, applied 391 questionnaires in the city of rio de janeiro and its metropolitan region to interviewees of different social classes, schooling levels and gender identity configurations, contacted through the interviewers' social networks.For defining respondents' gender identities the survey used an original method based on self-definitions, which were then aggregated into 6 categories for data analysis purposes.This article discusses the multiple strategies used by this trans population in gender affirmation processes to gain access to regulated and/or unregulated use of hormones and surgical procedures.

Journal: Cadernos de saude publica (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Computational design of a broad-spectrum multi-epitope vaccine candidate against seven strains of human coronaviruses.

Spike (s) proteins are an attractive target as it mediates the binding of the sars-co v-2 to the host through ace-2 receptors.We hypothesize that the screening of the s protein sequences of all the seven known hco vs would result in the identification of potential multi-epitope vaccine candidates capable of conferring immunity against various hco vs.In the present study, several machine learning-basedin-silicotools were employed to design a broad-spectrum multi-epitope vaccine candidate targeting the s protein of seven known strains of human coronaviruses.Herein, multiple b-cell epitopes and t-cell epitopes (ctl and htl) were predicted from the s protein sequences of all seven known hco vs.Post-prediction they were linked together with an adjuvant to construct a potential broad-spectrum vaccine candidate.Secondary and tertiary structures were predicted and validated, and the refined 3d-model was docked with an immune receptor.The vaccine candidate was evaluated for antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility, and its ability to achieve high-level expression in bacterial hosts.Finally, the immune simulation was carried out to evaluate the immune response after three vaccine doses.The designed vaccine is antigenic (with or without the adjuvant), non-allergenic, binds well with tlr-3 receptor and might elicit a diverse and strong immune response.Supplementary information the online version contains supplementary material available at .

Journal: 3 Biotech (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Role of macrophage polarization in osteoarthritis (Review).

Osteoarthritis (oa) is a disease involving the whole joint that seriously reduces the living standards of individuals.Traditional treatments include physical therapy, administration of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs and injection of glucocorticoids or hyaluronic acid into the joints.However, these methods have limited efficacy and it is difficult to reverse the progression of oa, therefore it is urgent to find new effective treatment methods.Immune microenvironment is significant in the occurrence and development of oa.Recent studies have shown that macrophages are important targets for the treatment of oa.Macrophages are polarized into m1 pro-inflammatory phenotype and m2 anti-inflammatory phenotype under stimulation of different factors, which release and regulate inflammatory response and cartilage growth.Accumulating studies have tried to alleviate oa by regulating macrophage homeostasis.The present study summarized the related studies, discuss the mechanism of various therapeutic reagents on oa, expound the molecular mechanism of drug effect on oa and attempted to provide clues for the treatment of oa.

Journal: Experimental and therapeutic medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review