syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
The Combination of Cisplatinum and Doxorubicin Regressed Primary Osteosarcoma of the Breast in a PDOX Mouse Model.

/aim primary osteosarcoma of the breast is an exceedingly-rare malignant tumor that shares histological characteristics with osteosarcoma of the bone.Since effective therapies have not yet been established, standard therapy for osteosarcoma of the bone was examined in the present study for efficacy against primary osteosarcoma of the breast in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (pdox) nude-mouse model.Materials and methods the pdox mouse models were established by surgical implantation of the primary osteosarcoma of the breast specimen into the mammary gland of nude mice.Mice with tumors were randomized into four groups, each n=4: control group; cisplatinum (cddp)-treatment group; doxorubicin (dox)-treatment group; and cddp/dox-combination-treatment group.Mice were treated for twenty-one days, three weeks after implantation.Tumor size and body weight were measured during three weeks of treatment.Results significant tumor growth inhibition was observed, compared to the control, in the cddp-treatment group, the dox-treatment group, and the combination-treatment-group.Only the combination treatment regressed the tumor.Conclusion cddp and dox which are standard first-line therapies for osteosarcoma, may be clinically effective against primary osteosarcoma of the breast, and in particular, their combination.

Journal: Anticancer research (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
HDAC11 Inhibits Myoblast Differentiation through Repression of MyoD-Dependent Transcription.

Abnormal differentiation of muscle is closely associated with aging (sarcopenia) and diseases such as cancer and type ii diabetes.Thus, understanding the mechanisms that regulate muscle differentiation will be useful in the treatment and prevention of these conditions.Protein lysine acetylation and methylation are major post-translational modification mechanisms that regulate key cellular processes.In this study, to elucidate the relationship between myogenic differentiation and protein lysine acetylation/methylation, we performed a pcr array of enzymes related to protein lysine acetylation/methylation during c2c12 myoblast differentiation.Our results indicated that the expression pattern of hdac11 was substantially increased during myoblast differentiation.Furthermore, ectopic expression of hdac11 completely inhibited myoblast differentiation, concomitant with reduced expression of key myogenic transcription factors.However, the catalytically inactive mutant of hdac11 (h142/143a) did not impede myoblast differentiation.In addition, wild-type hdac11, but not the inactive hdac11 mutant, suppressed myo d-induced promoter activities of mef2c and myog (myogenin), and reduced histone acetylation near the e-boxes, the myo d binding site, of the mef2c and myog promoters.Collectively, our results indicate that hdac11 would suppress myoblast differentiation via regulation of myo d-dependent transcription.These findings suggest that hdac11 is a novel critical target for controlling myoblast differentiation.

Journal: Molecules and cells (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Head to toe ultrasound: a narrative review of experts' recommendations of methodological approaches.

Critical care ultrasonography (us) is widely used by intensivists managing critically ill patients to accurately and rapidly assess different clinical scenarios, which include pneumothorax, pleural effusion, pulmonary edema, hydronephrosis, hemoperitoneum, and deep vein thrombosis.Basic and advanced critical care ultrasonographic skills are routinely used to supplement physical examination of critically ill patients, to determine the etiology of critical illness and to guide subsequent therapy.European guidelines now recommend the use of us for a number of practical procedures commonly performed in critical care.Full training and competence acquisition are essential before significant therapeutic decisions are made based on the us assessment.However, there are no universally accepted learning pathways and methodological standards for the acquisition of these skills.therefore, in this review, we aim to provide a methodological approach of the head to toe ultrasonographic evaluation of critically ill patients considering different districts and clinical applications.

Journal: Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
A novel flow-based geometrical upscaling method to represent three-dimensional complex sub-seismic fault zone structures into a dynamic reservoir model.

Most hydrocarbon reservoirs contain faults, which are highly complex heterogeneous and anisotropic three-dimensional (3d) volumes of deformed rock.A major technical challenge in full-field flow simulation is to represent the effects of 3d fault zone structure within the two-dimensional (2d) fault planar surfaces using the industry standard commercial reservoir flow simulator due to its limited functionality.Therefore, a new flow-based geometrical upscaling (fbgu) method has been developed for capturing the effects of 3d fault zone structures in conventional low-resolution upscaled flow simulation models.Geometrical upscaling (gu) is the process of calculating across-fault and up-fault transmissibility arising from 3d flow paths through fault zones, and expressing these transmissibilities as implicit connections in a low-resolution upscaled flow simulation model.The high accuracy of the method is demonstrated by comparing the flow responses of high-resolution (referred as truth model in this paper) simulation models in which the 3d fault zone structure is represented explicitly in the grid geometry, with that of conventional resolution models in which it is upscaled using fbgu method.The flow results show that the newly developed fbgu method is extremely accurate and geometrically flexible.

Journal: Scientific reports (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Understanding non-communicable diseases: combining health surveillance with local knowledge to improve rural primary health care in South Africa.

Ncds are non-infectious, long-term conditions that account for 40 million deaths per annum.87% of premature ncd mortality occurs in low- and middle-income countries.objective: the aims were:develop methods to provide integrated biosocial accounts of ncd mortality; and explore the practical utility of extended mortality data for the primary health care system.methods: we drew on data from research programmes in the study area.Data were analysed in three steps: [a]analysis of levels, causes and circumstances of ncd mortality [n = 4,166] from routine census updates including verbal autopsy and of qualitative data on lived experiences of ncds in rural villages from participatory research; [b] identifying areas of convergence and divergence between the analyses; and [c]exploration of the practical relevance of the data drawing on engagements with health systems stakeholders.results: ncds constituted a significant proportion of mortality in this setting [36%].Va data revealed multiple barriers to access in end-of-life care.Many deaths were attributed to problems with resources and health systems [21%;19% respectively].The qualitative research provided rich complementary detail on the processes through which risk originates, accumulates and is expressed in access to end-of-life care, related to chronic poverty and perceptions of poor quality care in clinics.The exploration of practical relevance revealed chronic under-funding for ncd services, and an acute need for robust, timely data on the ncd burden.conclusions: va data allowed a significant burden of ncd mortality to be quantified and revealed barriers to access at and around the time of death.Qualitative research contextualised these barriers, providing explanations of how and why they exist and persist.Health systems analysis revealed shortages of resources allocated to ncds and a need for robust research to provide locally relevant evidence to organise and deliver care.Pragmatic interdisciplinary and mixed method analysis provides relevant renditions of complex problems to inform more effective responses.

Journal: Global health action (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Measurement of stress-induced birefringence in a thin-disk laser with full-Stokes polarimetry.

Stress-induced birefringence leads to losses in solid-state laser resonators and amplifiers with polarized output beams.A model of stress-induced birefringence in thin disks is presented, as well as measurements of stress-induced birefringence in a thin disk in a multi-kilowatt oscillator.A full-stokes imaging polarimeter was developed to enable fast and accurate polarimetric measurements.Experimental and simulated results are in good agreement qualitatively and quantitatively and show that the polarization loss due to stress-induced birefringence is negligible for ytterbium-doped thin disks with a thickness around 100 μm but becomes relevant in thicker disks.It is concluded that stress-induced birefringence should be taken into consideration when designing a thin-disk laser system.

Journal: Applied optics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Online Training for a Comprehensive Violence Against Women Program: A Pilot Study.

Evaluating violence against women (vaw) training is essential to moving the field forward with proven approaches that can improve service provision for survivors of violence.Given existing resource constraints involved in vaw work, online training represents an economical and flexible option; however, existing evaluations of online programs in the vaw field are scant and face a variety of limitations.This study aimed to fill this gap by using a pre-/posttest design, comparison group, and mixed-method analysis to assess the effectiveness and value of an online training program.The program was intended to provide foundational knowledge in feminist antiviolence principles and values to a range of individuals working with survivors of intimate partner violence (ipv).Program participants (n= 108) included volunteers, students, and professionals from various sectors, allowing for the application of the results to a broader field of vaw support services.This is important as individuals who work with ipv survivors may do so in a range of settings outside of the shelter context.Results demonstrate the potential for online vaw training to improve participants' knowledge of and attitudes about vaw, which can positively inform their work with survivors.Qualitative responses provide further insight into course impact and highlight positive and negative aspects of the course.Although preliminary, these results provide justification for continued development and evaluation of online vaw training programs.

Journal: Journal of interpersonal violence (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
A three-dimensional LUR framework for PM2.5exposure assessment based on mobile unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring.

Land use regression (lur) models have been widely used in epidemiological studies and risk assessments related to air pollution.Although efforts have been made to improve the performance of lur models so that they capture the spatial heterogeneity of fine particulate matter (pm2.5) in high-density cities, few studies have revealed the vertical differences in pm2.5exposure.This study proposes a three-dimensional lur (3-d lur) assessment framework for pm2.5exposure that combines a high-resolution lur model with a vertical pm2.5variation model to investigate the results of horizontal and vertical mobile pm2.5monitoring campaigns.High-resolution lur models that were developed independently for daytime and nighttime were found to explain 51% and 60% of the pm2.5variation, respectively.Vertical measurements of pm2.5from three regions were first parameterized to produce a coefficient of variation for the concentration (cvc) to define the rate at which pm2.5changes at a certain height relative to the ground.The vertical variation model for pm2.5was developed based on a spline smoothing function in a generalized additive model (gam) framework with an adjusted r2of 0.91 and explained 92.8% of the variance.Pm2.5exposure levels for the population in the study area were estimated based on both the lur models and the 3-d lur framework.The 3-d lur framework was found to improve the accuracy of exposure estimation in the vertical direction by avoiding exposure estimation errors of up to 5%.Although the 3-d lur-based assessment did not indicate significant variation in estimates of premature mortality that could be attributed to pm2.5, exposure to this pollutant was found to differ in the vertical direction.The 3-d lur framework has the potential to provide accurate exposure estimates for use in future epidemiological studies and health risk assessments.

Journal: Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Mediterranean diet adherence and metabolic syndrome in US adolescents.

The mediterranean diet (md) has been found to lower the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes in adults.Little is known about its acceptance and relationship to cardiovascular risk markers in us adolescents.Using data from the national health and nutrition examination survey, years 2007-2014, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of adherence to the mediterranean diet among a representative sample of us adolescents (n= 4223), factors that influence adherence, and whether adherence is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors including metabolic syndrome.Md adherence was calculated using the kidmed scoring system.We found that overall md adherence was very low among us adolescents, with mexican american youths having higher adherence compared to other groups.Higher income was associated with greater adherence.There was low intake of key md foods including olive oil and finfish.The unadjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 6.6%.Md adherence was not associated with metabolic syndrome.

Journal: International journal of food sciences and nutrition (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Dating and relationship violence victimization and perpetration among 11-16 year olds in Wales: a cross-sectional analysis of the School Health Research Network (SHRN) survey.

This study examines the prevalence of dating and relationship violence (drv) victimization, perpetration and joint victimization and perpetration, and associations between drv and socio-demographic characteristics.Methods cross-sectional self-report data from 74 908 students aged 11-16 from 193 schools across wales were collected and analysed using generalized estimating equations to examine prevalence and predictors of emotional and physical drv victimization, perpetration and joint victimization and perpetration.Results more girls reported emotional victimization (28%) and perpetration (18%) than boys (20% and 16%, respectively).More girls (8%) than boys (7%) reported physical perpetration.However, boys (17%) reported more physical victimization than girls (12%).Age-related trajectories of drv victimization and perpetration were stronger in girls than in boys.Students from single or step parent homes, those in care, and certain ethnic minority groups had increased odds of drv.No association was found between socioeconomic status and drv.Conclusions age-related trajectories and the lack of social patterning by socioeconomic status point to the value of early, universal interventions, while some evidence of ethnic patterning and family structure-related risk factors suggest areas for further research and targeted interventions.Drv continues to be a major public health problem for which little uk-specific intervention evidence exists.

Journal: Journal of public health (Oxford, England) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The first new species of EuropeanAscocotyleLooss, 1899 (Digenea: Heterophyidae) described in more than half a century.

Ascocotyle(phagicola)trentiniin.Sp.Is described based on adults from experimentally infected ducklings (anas platyrhynchos domesticus) fed with metacercariae from the visceral serosa of the mediterranean banded killifish,aphanius fasciatus(cyprinodontiformes: aphaniidae), from coastal lagoons in northeastern italy (emilia-romagna region).The new species is placed into the subgenus phagicolabecause of the presence of a single row of circumoral spines, vitelline follicles being confined between the ventral sucker and testes, and uterine loops not reaching anterior to the ventral sucker.ascocotyle(p.)trentiniin.Sp.Differs from other members of the subgenus phagicola, as well as other species of ascocotyle, by the number (27-33) of circumoral spines which are 13.5-17 μm long and 3.5-5 μm wide, and by the morphology of a gonotyl which is composed of about 8 large refractile pockets.The occurrence of metacercariae in a.Fasciatusindicates that the life cycle of the new species is completed in brackish water lagoons.It is the fourth species of ascocotyledescribed in europe and may be endemic to the mediterranean region because its second (fish) intermediate host is endemic to this region.

Journal: International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The value of the Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) in assessing the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with camrelizumab: a retrospective cohort study.

The advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ali) is considered a useful prognostic biomarker for clinical outcome in patients with malignancy.However, the prognostic value of ali in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is unclear.In this study we assessed the prognostic value of the ali in patients with hcc treated with camrelizumab.Methods this retrospective study analyzed patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with the ici, camrelizumab alone or in combination at henan cancer hospital from january 2017 to january 2020.Sixty-five patients were finally screened for at least 2 years of follow-up according to the inclusion criteria, with no significant differences in patient baseline data.The receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off point for the ali which was compared to other clinical indicators for predicting survival.A kaplan-meier analysis and cox proportional analysis were conducted to examine the association between the ali and patient prognosis.Results the median overall survival (os) for the overall group of patients was 383 days, the area under the curve for ali was 0.815 and the optimal cut-off value for predicting os was 34.65.The median os for patients with an ali score ≤34.65 was 336 days and that for patients with an ali score >34.65 was 524 days.The univariate analysis showed that the eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) score, aspartate aminotransferase (ast) level, and the ali score predicted os.The multivariate analysis showed that the ali score was an independent prognostic factor of os in patients with advanced hcc who had been treated with immunotherapy [hazard ratio (hr) =0.285, 95% confidence interval (ci): 0.097-0.833, p=0.022].A nomogram that included ali performed well relative to the prediction of prognosis after immunotherapy for patients with advanced liver cancer.Conclusions the ali may be a new prognostic marker in patients with advanced hcc undergoing immunotherapy.

Journal: Annals of translational medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Regulation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Alternative Translation Initiation Mechanisms and Its Implications for Cancer Metastasis.

Translation initiation plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression for development and disease conditions.During the processes of development and disease, cells select specific m rnas to be translated by controlling the use of diverse translation initiation mechanisms.Cells often switch translation initiation from a cap-dependent to a cap-independent mechanism during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (emt), a process that plays an important role in both development and disease.Emt is involved in tumor metastasis because it leads to cancer cell migration and invasion, and is also associated with chemoresistance.In this review we will provide an overview of both the internal ribosome entry site (ires)-dependent and n6-methyladenosine (m6a)-mediated translation initiation mechanisms and discuss how cap-independent translation enables cells from primary epithelial tumors to achieve a motile mesenchymal-like phenotype, which in turn drives tumor metastasis.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Recombination-aware phylogeographic inference using the structured coalescent with ancestral recombination.

Movement of individuals between populations or demes is often restricted, especially between geographically isolated populations.The structured coalescent provides an elegant theoretical framework for describing how movement between populations shapes the genealogical history of sampled individuals and thereby structures genetic variation within and between populations.However, in the presence of recombination an individual may inherit different regions of their genome from different parents, resulting in a mosaic of genealogical histories across the genome, which can be represented by an ancestral recombination graph (arg).In this case, different genomic regions may have different ancestral histories and so different histories of movement between populations.Recombination therefore poses an additional challenge to phylogeographic methods that aim to reconstruct the movement of individuals from genealogies, although also a potential benefit in that different loci may contain additional information about movement.Here, we introduce the structured coalescent with ancestral recombination (scar) model, which builds on recent approximations to the structured coalescent by incorporating recombination into the ancestry of sampled individuals.The scar model allows us to infer how the migration history of sampled individuals varies across the genome from args, and improves estimation of key population genetic parameters such as population sizes, recombination rates and migration rates.Using the scar model, we explore the potential and limitations of phylogeographic inference using full args.We then apply the scar to lineages of the recombining fungus aspergillus flavus sampled across the united states to explore patterns of recombination and migration across the genome.

Journal: PLoS computational biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.