syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Effects of isothermic crystalloid coload on maternal hypotension and fetal outcomes during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section: A randomized controlled trial.

Spinal anesthesia induced hypotension (saih) is a common occurrence during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section resulting in perturbing effects on maternal and fetal outcomes.Previous studies conducted to attenuate saih focused on the timing of intravenous fluid infusion and demonstrated the superiority of coload strategy on traditional preload strategy but neither of them focused on the effect of the temperature of crystalloid infused on saih and fetal outcomes.The current study aimed to assess the effect of the temperature of the crystalloid infused with coload strategy on the incidence of saih and fetal outcomes.Materials and methods seventy-six parturients were enrolled into the study and data of 60 parturients were analyzed.Patients were randomly assigned to receive crystalloid coload at room temperature (group rt, n = 30) or warmed at 37 °c (group w, n = 30).The incidence of hypotension, cumulative hypotension episodes, heart rate, core body temperature, ephedrine dose, and fetal outcomes were recorded.Results there was no significant difference in the incidence of maternal hypotension, cumulative hypotension episodes, and ephedrine dose (p = 0,625, p = 0,871, p = 0,460 respectively).Umbilical arterial p h and fetal apgar scores at first and fifth minutes were higher in group w than in group rt (p = 0.013, p = 0.006 and p = 0.045 respectively).One fetus in group rt but none in group w had umbilical arterial p h lower than seven.Fetal birth weight and rectal temperature measurements were comparable in both groups (p = 0.639 and p = 0.675 respectively).Demographic data, patient characteristics, and surgery data were comparable between groups.Conclusions isothermic crystalloid coload strategy results in higher umbilical p h values and apgar scores in parturients scheduled for cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Journal: Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial
Intrastromal corneal ring segments followed by PRK for postkeratoplasty high astigmatism: prospective study.

To evaluate refractive and topographic results of the association of intrastromal corneal ring segments (icrs) with photorefractive keratectomy (prk) for the correction of high (>6.0 diopters [d]) postkeratoplasty astigmatism (pka).Setting university of são paulo, são paulo, brazil.Design prospective interventional study.Methods postpenetrating keratoplasty patients, intolerant to contact lens fitting, and with corneal astigmatism higher than 6.0 d were treated by the combination of icrs and prk from january 2017 to june 2019.First, patients underwent femtosecond laser-assisted icrs implantation to reduce and regularize corneal astigmatism, and 3 months later, submitted to prk for the residual astigmatism.Outcomes were obtained 12 months after prk.Results the study comprised 30 eyes of 29 patients.Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (log mar) changed from 1.16 ± 0.37 in the preoperative to 0.69 ± 0.40 after icrs ( p < .0001) and to 0.34 ± 0.29 12 months after prk ( p < .0001).Mean spherical equivalent decreased from -5.19 ± 4.81 d in the preoperative to -3.38 ± 4.51 d after icrs ( p < .0001) and to -2.30 ± 2.84 d after prk ( p = .132).Mean topographic astigmatism decreased from 7.88 ± 2.13 d in the preoperative to 5.47 ± 2.29 d after icrs ( p < .0001) and to 4.12 ± 2.93 d after prk ( p = .003).Mean refractive astigmatism decreased from 7.10 ± 1.13 d in the preoperative to 4.61 ± 1.61 d after icrs ( p < .0001) and to 2.58 ± 1.49 d after prk ( p < .0001).After prk, the mean correction index (ci) for corneal astigmatism was 0.77 ± 0.36.The icrs/prk combination resulted in a higher ci than icrs only, both for corneal and refractive astigmatism.2 eyes (8%) presented clinically significant opacification.Other complications were endothelial rejection (n = 1, 4%), infectious keratitis (n = 1, 4%), and icrs extrusion after corneal melting (n = 1, 4%).Conclusions the association of icrs and prk was effective for treating high pka.This strategy improved visual acuity, spherical equivalent, topographic and refractive astigmatism and resulted in a high ci.Safety questions remain open and must be balanced against benefits.

Journal: Journal of cataract and refractive surgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Multicentric Evaluation of the Bio-Evolution Toxoplasma gondii Assay for the Detection ofToxoplasmaDNA in Immunocompromised Patients.

Pcr-based methods are a key tool for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients.Laboratory-developed protocols lack standardization.This study aimed to assess the performances of a commercial kit for the detection of toxoplasma dna in different specimens drawn from immunocompromised patients.This multicentric retrospective study included 227 dna specimens (157 blood specimens, 22 bronchoalveolar fluid [balf] specimens, 39 cerebrospinal fluid [csf] specimens, and 9 miscellaneous specimens) collected between 2010 and 2015 from 126 immunocompromised patients.The specimens were selected based on previous laboratory-developed quantitative pcr (q pcr) analyses targeting either the rep529 element or the b1gene, and the results were classified as positive, negative, and "negative of interest," where the latter was defined as representing either the last specimen with a negative result before a positive one or the first with a negative result following a positive result(s).All specimens were secondary tested using the bio-evolution toxoplasma dna assay targeting the t.Gondiirep529 element.We found a 95.6% concordance rate for qualitative results obtained with laboratory-developed q pcr techniques and the commercial kit.The rate reached 99.3% in comparisons of rep529-based laboratory-developed pcr methods and the commercial kit.The quantifications obtained with the commercial kit and the rep529 laboratory-developed pcrs were in very good agreement.Sensitivity and specificity of the commercial kit were calculated at 98.8% and 100%, respectively.The bio-evolution toxoplasma dna assay appears to be a valuable method for the detection of toxoplasma dna in blood, balf, and csf specimens from immunocompromised patients.

Journal: Journal of clinical microbiology (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study
Assessment of vegetation change on the Mongolian Plateau over three decades using different remote sensing products.

As a major component of temperate steppes in the eurasian continent, the mongolian plateau (mp) plays a pivotal role in the east asian and global carbon cycles.This paper describes the use of five remote sensing indices derived from satellite data to characterize vegetation cover on mp, namely: gross primary production (gpp), net primary production (npp), normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi), leaf area index (lai) and fractional vegetation cover (fvc).It is found that gpp, npp, and ndvi exhibit increasing trends, whereas lai and fvc present decreasing trends on the mp since 1982.The different indices highlight discrepancies in the spatial pattern of vegetation growth, with the greatest increase in the southeast of mp.Only 3.4% of the total land area of mp exhibited consistent trends in the indices (0.1% degradation and 3.3% growth, p < 0.01), with the synchronous change of both lai and npp exhibiting higher consistency than that of raw ndvi and npp.Understanding of the characteristics and status of vegetation change on the mp has far-reaching implications for its ecological protection management, and climate change mitigation.

Journal: Journal of environmental management (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Development and Use of an EHR-Linked Database for Glomerular Disease Research and Quality Initiatives.

And objective the use of electronic health record (ehr) data can facilitate efficient research and quality initiatives.The imprecision of icd-10 codes for kidney diagnoses has been an obstacle to discrete data-defined diagnoses in the ehr.This manuscript describes the kidney research network (krn) registry and database that provide an example of a prospective, real-world data glomerular disease registry for research and quality initiatives.Methods krn is a multicenter collaboration of patients, physicians, and scientists across diverse health-care settings with a focus on improving treatment options and outcomes for patients with glomerular disease.The registry and data warehouse amasses retrospective and prospective data including ehr, active research study, completed clinical trials, patient reported outcomes, and other relevant data.Following consent, participating sites enter the patient into krn and provide a physician-confirmed primary kidney diagnosis.Kidney biopsy reports are redacted and uploaded.Site programmers extract local ehr data including demographics, insurance type, zip code, diagnoses, encounters, laboratories, procedures, medications, dialysis/transplant status, vitals, and vital status monthly.Participating sites transform data to conform to a common data model prior to submitting to the data analysis and coordinating center (dacc).The dacc stores and reviews each site's ehr data for quality before loading into the krn database.Results as of january 2021, 1,192 patients have enrolled in the registry.The database has been utilized for research, clinical trial design, clinical trial end point validation, and supported quality initiatives.The data also support a dashboard allowing enrolling sites to assist with clinical trial enrollment and population health initiatives.Conclusion a multicenter registry using ehr data, following physician- and biopsy-confirmed glomerular disease diagnosis, can be established and used effectively for research and quality initiatives.This design provides an example which may be readily replicated for other rare or common disease endeavors.

Journal: Glomerular diseases (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Fatigue and endocrine symptoms among women with early breast cancer randomized to endocrine versus chemoendocrine therapy: Results from the TAILORx patient-reported outcomes substudy.

Tailorx (trial assigning individualized options for treatment) prospectively assessed fatigue and endocrine symptoms among women with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and a midrange risk of recurrence who were randomized to endocrine therapy (e) or chemotherapy followed by endocrine therapy (ct+e).Methods participants completed the functional assessment of chronic illness therapy-fatigue, the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system-fatigue short form, and the functional assessment of cancer therapy-endocrine symptoms at the baseline and at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months.Linear regression was used to model outcomes on baseline symptoms, treatment, and other factors.Results participants (n = 458) in both treatment arms reported greater fatigue and endocrine symptoms at early follow-up in comparison with the baseline.The magnitude of change in fatigue was significantly greater for the ct+e arm than the e arm at 3 and 6 months but not at 12, 24, or 36 months.The ct+e arm reported significantly greater changes in endocrine symptoms from the baseline to 3 months in comparison with the e arm; change scores were not significantly different at later time points.Endocrine symptom trajectories by treatment differed by menopausal status, with the effect larger and increasing for postmenopausal patients.Conclusions adjuvant ct+e was associated with greater increases in fatigue and endocrine symptoms at early time points in comparison with e.These differences lessened over time, and this demonstrated early chemotherapy effects more than long-term ones.Treatment arm differences in endocrine symptoms were more evident in postmenopausal patients.Lay summary participants in tailorx (trial assigning individualized options for treatment) with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and an intermediate risk of recurrence were randomly assigned to endocrine or chemoendocrine therapy.Four hundred fifty-eight women reported fatigue and endocrine symptoms at the baseline and at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months.Both groups reported greater symptoms at early follow-up versus the baseline.Increases in fatigue were greater for the chemoendocrine group than the endocrine group at 3 and 6 months but not later.The chemoendocrine group reported greater changes in endocrine symptoms in comparison with the endocrine group at 3 months but not later.

Journal: Cancer (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
How to avoid future "Covid-19 origins" questions?

Origins debates regarding covid-19 are gaining momentum again.In light of the continued infections and deaths of covid-19 seen in countries rich and poor, rather than focusing the approach with "whodunit", developing solutions that can help societies become better prepared for future pandemics might be a more meaningful way to move forward.In this paper, we propose a solution that could help society better predict and prevent future pandemics.A system could allow humans to anonymously report potential infectious disease outbreaks without fearing backlash or prejudice and could automatically surveil for potential disease transfers or virus leaks.The proposed autonomous and anonymous pandemic reporting and surveillance system has the potential to help health officials locate infectious disease outbreaks before they form into pandemics.And in turn, it better prevents future pandemics and avoids covid-19 origins debates.

Journal: Ethics, medicine, and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Uterine transcriptome analysis reveals mRNA expression changes associated with the ultrastructure differences of eggshell in young and aged laying hens.

Lower eggshell quality in the late laying period leads to economic loss.It is a major threat to the quality and safety of egg products.Age-related variations in ultrastructure were thought to induce this deterioration.Eggshell formation is a highly complex process under precise regulation of genes and biological pathways in uterus of laying hens.Herein, we evaluated the physical, mechanical and ultrastructure properties of eggshell and conducted rna sequencing to learn the transcriptomic differences in uterus between laying hens in the peak (young hens) and late phase (aged hens) of production.Results the declined breaking strength and fracture toughness of eggshell were observed in aged hen group compared to those in young hen group, accompanied with ultrastructure variations including the increased thickness of mammillary layer and the decreased incidence of early fusion.During the initial stage of eggshell formation, a total of 183 differentially expressed genes (degs; 125 upregulated and 58 downregulated) were identified in uterus of laying hens in the late phase in relative to those at peak production.The degs annotated to gene ontology terms related to antigen processing and presentation were downregulated in aged hens compared to young hens.The contents of proinflammatory cytokine il-1β in uterus were higher in aged hens relative to those in young hens.Besides, the genes of some matrix proteins potentially involved in eggshell mineralization, such as ovalbumin, versican and glypican 3, were also differentially expressed between two groups.Conclusions altered gene expression of matrix proteins along with the compromised immune function in uterus of laying hens in the late phase of production may conduce to age-related impairments of eggshell ultrastructure and mechanical properties.The current study enhances our understanding of the age-related deteriorations in eggshell ultrastructure and provides potential targets for improvement of eggshell quality in the late laying period.

Journal: BMC genomics (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Two new species of the braconid wasp genus Bracon (Braconinae) from Los Tuxtlas region in Veracruz, Mexico, reared from fruits of three species of Lauraceae.

Two new species belonging to the braconid genus bracon (braconinae) are described from the tropical rainforest of los tuxtlas in the state of veracruz, mexico, b.Laurae sp.Nov.And b.Rosamondae sp.Nov.These species are morphologically similar and were reared from fruits of three lauraceae species, damburneya ambigens, d.Salicifolia and nectandra turbacensis.However, comparison of their dna barcoding locus and a fragment of the nuclear ribosomal 28s gene confirmed their allospecificity.These two species share a number of morphological features with the two described neotropical bracon species that are known to be phytophagous (seed predators), b.Phytophagus quicke and b.Zuleideae perioto lara.We therefore propose a new species-group for the above four species, the b.Phytophagus quicke species-group, and suggest that the two newly described species also have a phytophagous feeding strategy.

Journal: Zootaxa (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
SUS management in interstate health regions: assessment of the government's capacity.

This study displays an assessment of sus management in a brazilian interstate health region.An evaluative study was conducted with levels of regional analysis and data production, combining interviews with key informants and documentary analysis.Sources and data were compared and linked to analytical categories of the government triangle, showing a cutout of the outcomes and the government's capacity assessment.There is a low capacity for government in interstate health regions when managers and co-management spaces are unable to influence regional political decisions, limiting themselves to normative and ratifying government strategies.Disparities in the management capacity among the border states prevent the sustainability of coordinating state decision-making goals, exposing that management strategies are not enough to institutionalize interstate regionalization.There is a predominance of low sus governance capacity in interstate health regions, and its political pattern becomes an unclear project restricted to the ideological level.The broad documentary appreciation with the use of powerful theoretical referential are methodological contributions of this research for the political analysis of sus management in spaces that were the least examined, such as interstate borders.

Journal: Ciencia & saude coletiva (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Assessing the impact of fire on spiders through a global comparative analysis.

In many regions fire regimes are changing due to anthropogenic factors.Understanding the responses of species to fire can help to develop predictive models and inform fire management decisions.Spiders are a diverse and ubiquitous group and can offer important insights into the impacts of fire on invertebrates and whether these depend on environmental factors, phylogenetic history or functional traits.We conducted phylogenetic comparative analyses of data from studies investigating the impacts of fire on spiders.We investigated whether fire affects spider abundance or presence and whether ecologically relevant traits or site-specific factors influence species' responses to fire.Although difficult to make broad generalizations about the impacts of fire due to variation in site- and fire-specific factors, we find evidence that short fire intervals may be a threat to some spiders, and that fire affects abundance and species compositions in forests relative to other vegetation types.Orb and sheet web weavers were also more likely to be absent after fire than ambush hunters, ground hunters and other hunters suggesting functional traits may affect responses.Finally, we show that analyses of published data can be used to detect broad-scale patterns and provide an alternative to traditional meta-analytical approaches.

Journal: Proceedings. Biological sciences (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Agile Development of Polymer Power Transmission Systems for e-Mobility-A Novel Methodology Based on an e-Bike Drive Case Study.

The market for electric bicycles has grown extremely and developed rapidly in recent years.To enter such a market with a new product, the development process has to be fast, and throughout the process, feedback from future potential customer(s) should be sought in order to achieve the best possible market acceptance.The article presents the design process of a pedelec e-bike central drive system.The authors were members of the development team and the designers of the mechanical transmission, and therefore had a good overview of the whole project.The development process and the set-up of production require a certain amount of time, during which design changes are inevitable due to changes in customer expectations and demands.The development team should respond to these changes and take them into account during development.Only the ability to react to changes and constant communication with the customer will ultimately lead to a product that can be commercially successful.Based on a critical review of the successfully completed project, general guidelines were established for the development of mechatronic products that consider the principles of agile methodology.Particular attention was paid to the development of polymer gears, as these were the most demanding components in the system.The presented guidelines were based on an overview of the e-bike r&d process presented, but they can be generalized and used in the development process of any technical physical product.Agile methods were developed in the field of software development and therefore cannot be directly transferred to the field of physical product development.The article highlights and discusses individual special features that distinguish agile development of physical products from software development.

Journal: Polymers (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Reimagining Rural: Shifting Paradigms About Health and Well-Being in the Rural United States.

Rural health disparities have attracted increased national attention, compelling an expanded focus on rural health research.In this article, we deconstruct the definitions and narratives of "rural" communities and suggest that a paradigm shift is needed that centers the complexity and strength of rural places.We discuss the relevance of health equity frameworks, implementation science, and community-engaged approaches to promote rural well-being.Focusing on rural in its own right will lead to intervention innovations and reinvention with implications beyond rural areas.We conclude with suggestions for research and practice to inspire renewed interest in partnering with rural communities to promote health equity.

Journal: Annual review of public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.