syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of early stage oral tongue cancer: Main cause of treatment failure and second primary malignancy.

We attempted to investigate the long-term outcomes, prognostic factors, treatment failures, second primary malignancies, and salvage therapies in early (p t1-2n0) oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (otscc).Methods we retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 295 early stage otscc patients.Results two hundred ninety-five patients were enrolled.The average follow-up period was 64.5 months (range, 1-190 months).Five-year recurrence-free survival rate was 84.8% and disease-specific survival rate was 91.2%.On multivariate analysis, only the depth of invasion (doi) exhibited significant correlations with the disease recurrence.Patient's age and doi demonstrated a significant association with survival.A total of 53 recurrence and 35 death events occurred, with the main cause of treatment failure being regional or local recurrence.In recurrent cases, the success rate of salvage treatment was 42% at 5 years.During the follow-up period, second primary malignancy occurred in 13 patients, and 8 (61.5%) of those patients were successfully treated.Conclusions in p t1-2n0 otscc, regional or local recurrence is the main recurrence pattern, whereas age and doi >5 mm are significant prognostic factors related to recurrence and survival.Since several patients experienced second primary malignancies in the head and neck, careful and thorough surveillance may be required to detect second primary lesions.Level of evidence 4.

Journal: Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
An Information Theoretic Approach to Symbolic Learning in Synthetic Languages.

An important aspect of using entropy-based models and proposed "synthetic languages", is the seemingly simple task of knowing how to identify the probabilistic symbols.If the system has discrete features, then this task may be trivial; however, for observed analog behaviors described by continuous values, this raises the question of how we should determine such symbols.This task of symbolization extends the concept of scalar and vector quantization to consider explicit linguistic properties.Unlike previous quantization algorithms where the aim is primarily data compression and fidelity, the goal in this case is to produce a symbolic output sequence which incorporates some linguistic properties and hence is useful in forming language-based models.Hence, in this paper, we present methods for symbolization which take into account such properties in the form of probabilistic constraints.In particular, we propose new symbolization algorithms which constrain the symbols to have a zipf-mandelbrot-li distribution which approximates the behavior of language elements.We introduce a novel constrained em algorithm which is shown to effectively learn to produce symbols which approximate a zipfian distribution.We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approaches on some examples using real world data in different tasks, including the translation of animal behavior into a possible human language understandable equivalent.

Journal: Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The First-Trimester Gestational Weight Gain Associated Withde novoHypertensive Disorders During Pregnancy: Mediated by Mean Arterial Pressure.

The relationship between first-trimester gwg (t1gwg) and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (hdp) remained uncertain.This study aimed to investigate the association between t1gwg and risk ofde novo hdp.Meanwhile, we explored the mediated effect and constructed an early gwg category to evaluate the predictive capacity for hdp.t1gwg was defined as the weight difference between 13 ± 1 gestational weeks and pre-conception.Hdp group was defined as having diagnosis ofde novo hdp, including gestational hypertension orde novopre-eclampsia (pe) during the current pregnancy.Early gwg category was constructed according to the risk of hdp within each pre-pregnancy body mass index (bmi) group.Cox regression model was utilized to check the association between the t1gwg and hdp.Serial mediation model was adopted to evaluate the potential mediators including mean arterial pressure (map) at 13th and 20th week.The logistic regression model with bootstrap was performed to assess the predictive capacity of early gwg category and map for the risk of hdp.A total of 17,901 pregnant women (mean age, 29.0 years) were recruited from 2013 to 2017 at the tongzhou maternal and child health hospital in beijing, china.Compared to women in class 1 of early gwg category, women in the class 2, 3, 4 have increased risks of hdp by 1.42, 4.27, and 4.62 times, respectively (hazard ratio [hr] = 2.42, 95%ci: 2.11-2.77;hr= 5.27, 95%ci: 4.05-6.86;hr= 5.62, 95%ci: 4.05-7.79).The map measured at 13th and 20th week totally mediated 33.1 and 26.7% of association between t1gwg gwg and hdp in total participants and overweight/obesity pregnancies, respectively.The area under receiver operator characteristic curve for predictive model utilizing early gwg category and map measured at 13th and 20th week for the risk of hdp is 0.760 (95%ci: 0.739-0.777).The t1gwg was associated withde novo hdp, which was partially mediated by map measured at 13th and 20th week.Early gwg category showed a better predictive capacity for the risk of hdp compared to the national academy of medicine criteria for t1gwg.

Journal: Frontiers in nutrition (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The use of Lean Methodology to reduce personal protective equipment wastage in children undergoing congenital cardiac surgery, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The covid-19 pandemic has compounded many existing healthcare delivery challenges including long waiting lists and cost containment.New challenges have arisen, such as demand on supply of personal protective equipment (ppe) and the implications of social distancing on staff, patients, and their families.Despite the pandemic, the need to deliver safe, urgent congenital cardiac surgery has remained.Objective to demonstrate how lean methodology can improve ppe supply chain demand and reduce staff exposure to children with unknown sars-co v-2 status undergoing congenital cardiac surgery, during the covid-19 pandemic.Methods we implemented the define, measure, analyze, improve, and control method (dmaic) and value stream maps to eliminate waste steps during testing for sars-co v-2 for children undergoing congenital cardiac surgery.Results following a 3-week period of implementation of this new value stream map, we reduced ppe set usage from 13 to 1 per patient, resulting in an annual saving of over €36,000 and reducing single-use plastic waste by nearly 70 000 pieces per annum.We reduced numbers of staff exposed to patients with an unknown sars-co v-2 status from 13 to 1.Conclusion the use of lean methodology can reduce waste of ppe and plastic, resulting in cost savings, while reducing staff exposure when testing patients with congenital cardiac disease for sars-co v-2.By preventing admission of sars-co v-2-positive patients, we can reduce use of isolation beds and prevent cancellation of surgery, improving patient flow and departmental efficiency.Other departments in our institution are implementing similar admission pathways to allow surgical services to restart during the ongoing pandemic.

Journal: Paediatric anaesthesia (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A quantitative global review of species population monitoring.

Species monitoring, defined here as the repeated, systematic collection of data to detect long-term changes in the populations of wild species, is a vital component of conservation practice and policy.We created a database of nearly 1200 schemes, ranging in start date from 1800 to 2018, to review spatial, temporal, taxonomic, and methodological patterns in global species monitoring.We identified monitoring schemes through standardized web searches, an online survey of stakeholders, in-depth national searches in a sample of countries, and a review of global biodiversity databases.We estimated the total global number of monitoring schemes operating at 3300-15,000.Since 2000, there has been a sharp increase in the number of new schemes being initiated in lower- and middle-income countries and in megadiverse countries, but a decrease in high-income countries.The total number of monitoring schemes in a country and its per capita gross domestic product were strongly, positively correlated.Schemes that were active in 2018 had been running for an average of 21 years in high-income countries, compared with 13 years in middle-income countries and 10 years in low-income countries.In high-income countries, over one-half of monitoring schemes received government funding, but this was less than one-quarter in low-income countries.Data collection was undertaken partly or wholly by volunteers in 37% of schemes, and such schemes covered significantly more sites and species than those undertaken by professionals alone.Birds were by far the most widely monitored taxonomic group, accounting for around half of all schemes, but this bias declined over time.Monitoring in most taxonomic groups remains sparse and uncoordinated, and most of the data generated are elusive and unlikely to feed into wider biodiversity conservation processes.These shortcomings could be addressed by, for example, creating an open global meta-database of biodiversity monitoring schemes and enhancing capacity for species monitoring in countries with high biodiversity.Article impact statement: species population monitoring for conservation purposes remains strongly biased toward a few vertebrate taxa in wealthier countries.

Journal: Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.;Review
Intracellular Siderophore Detection in an Egyptian, Cobalt-Treated F. solani Isolate Using SEM-EDX with Reference to its Tolerance.

An egyptian, plant pathogenic fusarium solani isolate was grown on cobalt concentrations of 0, 50, 200, 500, 800, and 1000 ppm.The isolate survived concentrations up to 800 ppm, however failed to grow at 1000 ppm.Morphology and elemental analysis of the isolate under the investigated co concentrations were studied using scanning electron microscopy (sem) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (edx).The isolate reserved its morphology up to a concentration of 200 ppm.Morphological distortions were dramatic at 500 and 800 ppm.Edx detected co uptake through the hyphae, microconidia, macroconidia, and chlamydospores.Iron, calcium, and potassium were also detected.Edx results showed a linear relationship between co% and fe% up to a concentration of 500 ppm reflecting the possible ability of the isolate to synthesize intracellular siderophores storing iron and their release from the vacuoles.The participation of such siderophores in conferring tolerance against cobalt is discussed.At 800 ppm, the % of fe was greatly reduced with an accompanying increase in morphological distortions and absence of microconidia.Increasing the implicated cobalt concentrations resulted in increasing the percentages of the chelated cobalt reflecting the possible implication of the cell wall as well as extracellular siderophores in the uptake of cobalt.The current results recommend the absence of cobalt in any control regime taken to combat the investigated f.Solani isolate and highlights the accomplishment of biochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular studies on such isolate to approve the production of siderophores and the role of cell wall in cobalt uptake.

Journal: Polish journal of microbiology (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Steroidogenic effect of Erxian decoction for relieving menopause via the p-Akt/PKB pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Ethnopharmacological relevance erxian decoction (exd), an empirical chinese medicine formula, is effectively used in the clinical treatment of menopause-related symptoms in china.Previous data from our group show that exd has steroidogenic effect on natural menopausal sprague-dawley-rats (sd-rats) as an animal model of menopause.However, the mechanistic studies on steroidogenic effects of exd are still inadequate.Hence, the mechanisms of steroidogenic effects of exd were studied in vitro and in vivo in this study.Materials and methods menopause causes a decline of endocrine function and a series of symptoms.In this study, 16-20-month-old female sd rats with a low serum estradiol level were employed.Their endocrine functions after treatment with exd (4.1g/kg) were assessed by determination of their serum estradiol level.Proteins involved in the steroidogenic pathway including st ar, 17βhsd, 3βhsd, aromatase, and activation of phosphorylated protein kinase b (p-akt/pkb), as well as estradiol receptor proteins (erα & erβ) after exd treatment were analyzed.Kinase inhibition assay was conducted to confirm the mechanism of steroidogenic effects of exd in vitro.Mcf-7 and bt-483 cells were used to investigate whether exd stimulated breast cancer cell proliferation.Results results revealed a significantly ameliorated serum estradiol level, and a significantly increased expression of ovarian aromatase and pkb in the exd-treated rats.Exd attenuated 17β-estradiol stimulated proliferation of breast cancer cells.Conclusions the results obtained from immunoblotting and measurements of serum estradiol level of the present investigation revealed that exd may relieve the menopausal syndrome through an upregulation of ovarian aromatase and p-pkb expression without stimulating the growth of breast cancer cells.

Journal: Journal of ethnopharmacology (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Expression of metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in degenerated and extruded intervertebral disks in chondrodystrophic dogs.

We analyzed the m rna expression of matrix metalloproteinases (mmps), metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motifs (adamtss), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (timps) in degenerated and herniated intervertebral disks (ivds) in chondrodystrophic dogs.In degenerated ivds, mmp3, 7, 13, and 14; adamts4 and 5; and timp1-3 expression was significantly higher vs healthy controls (p<0.05).In herniated ivds, mmp2, 3, 9, 13, and 14; adamts4 and 5; and timp1 expression was significantly greater, and mmp7 expression was significantly lower vs degenerated ivds (p<0.05).These results suggest that metalloproteinase may play a role in extracellular matrix degradation in ivd degeneration.Decreased mmp7 transcription may prevent proteoglycan degradation and reduces macrophage infiltration, which might affect the resorption process of herniated ivds.

Journal: The Journal of veterinary medical science (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Outcomes of manual versus remote magnetic navigation for catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis.

Ventricular tachycardia (vt) ablation is a complex procedure that requires remarkable catheter manipulation skill, great mapping accuracy and catheter stability, and can expose patients to serious complications.Magnetic navigation system (rmn)-guided ablation and contact force-sensing (cfs) catheters have the potential to overcome these obstacles.We performed a systematic review and updated meta-analysis of all available studies evaluating the outcomes of vt ablation by using rmn-guided compared to manual navigation (man)-guided, with and without cfs catheters.Methods medline/pub med, cochrane, and google scholar were searched for randomized controlled trials (rct) or observational studies with multivariate adjustment comparing rmn-guided versus man-guided vt ablation.Results thirteen studies enrolling 1348 patients (656 rmn-guided vs.692 man-guided) were included.Cfs catheter were used in 14% of man-guided patients.In comparison to man-guided and cfs-guided, rmn-guided vt ablation was associated with a significant higher acute ablation success (or 2.32, 1.66-3.23 and or 2.91, 1.29-6.53, respectively) but similar results in term of long-term vt recurrence (or 0.75, 0.56-1.01 and or 0.79, 0.27-2.36, respectively).Rmn-guided showed a better safety profile (for all complications, or 0.52, 0.34-0.81) and allowed a significant x-ray reduction compared to man-guided (or 0.21, 0.14-0.32) and cfs-guided vt ablation (or 0.23, 0.11-0.52, all 95% ci).Conclusions rmn-guided was superior to man-guided and cfs-guided vt ablation in term of acute ablation success, all complications endpoint, and reduction of fluoroscopy exposure, but did not reduce long-term vt recurrence.Large prospective multicenter randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Journal: Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Systematic Review
World Café- a community conversation: a Canadian perspective on stroke survivors needs for community integration.

Stroke is an acute condition that requires immediate care and long-term community-based chronic care supports.Communities vary in their ability to support the complex needs of this population.Objectives to bring stroke recovery stakeholders together to discuss the needs of community-based stroke recovery and develop possible solutions across one province in canada.Methods the participatory research approach of the world café was used to explore topics related to community-based stroke recovery.Three world cafés were held in three communities, including rural, urban-multicultural, and indigenous communities.Sixty-one stakeholders participated in this study.The data was analyzed following an inductive approach for all three word cafés.Results four main themes were revealed from the data.First,individual needs, but holistic careencompassed the idea that stroke survivors' needs are complex and changing.Second,whole of the communityindicated that all the people in stroke survivors' communities should be considered when designing solutions.Third,transition in carefocused on the needs and solutions during the transition from hospital to community.Lastly, participants emphasized that better connection, collaboration, and communicationare needed among all stakeholders.Conclusions while some similarities in needs and solutions were identified for stroke survivors across three diverse communities, differences between them were also reported.Approaches to enhance better communication among all stakeholders and facilitate a continuous transition from hospital to community are needed.Co-creating solutions with each local community should be considered as individual needs, and challenges are specific to each community.

Journal: Topics in stroke rehabilitation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A note on the stability characteristics of the respiratory events.

The present outbreak enables the researchers from fluid mechanics to widen the understanding of expelling respiratory liquids from a unique perspective to diminish the persistence of covid-19.This article focuses on uncovering the instability mechanism responsible for forming droplets and aerosols during respiratory events such as breathing, talking, coughing and sneezing.We illustrate a mathematical framework by revisiting the model (vadivukkarasan and panchagnula, 2017) and show the associated instabilities during respiratory events.We envisage the combined rayleigh-taylor-kelvin-helmholtz (r-t-k-h) model as a robust tool for respiratory events.This study highlights the distinct possibility of respiratory droplet formation over multiple instabilities and provides a fundamental understanding.We present the different dominant modes through a ternary phase diagram for three-dimensional numbers (bond number and weber numbers).Furthermore, this model can be extended phenomenologically to viscous fluids to satisfy mucus and saliva in the respiratory liquids.

Journal: European journal of mechanics. B, Fluids (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
"Is There Room for Both Loves?": The Experience of Couplehood Among Women Living With a Widower With Young Children.

Very few studies to date have explored the couplehood relationship in blended families with young children created after widowhood.This study sought to add to our knowledge of this issue by examining the couplehood experience of women who started a family with a widower with young children, with no children of their own.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 israeli women aged 32-78 years.The findings indicate that many participants feel that the deceased wife continues to be present in their partner's life and that she is an integral part of their couplehood relationship.The participants described two subsystems existing alongside the couple subsystem with their partner, namely, the partner's spousal subsystem with his first wife; and a triadic subsystem consisting of the woman, her partner, and his deceased wife.The perceived presence of the first wife raised poignant questions concerning the place of the two women in the partner's life.Participants' narratives revealed the dissonance between understanding and acknowledging their partner's continuing bond with and affection for his deceased wife on the one hand, and recognition of his love for them on the other hand.The findings shed light on the complexity inherent in a couple relationship with a widower and may assist professionals who provide support to blended families in understanding the unique challenges faced by these women.This would enable them to tailor their counseling and the therapeutic process to the particular needs of these women.

Journal: Frontiers in psychology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Importance of the polarity on nanostructured silica materials to optimize the hydrolytic condensation with molecules related to CO2adsorption.

The present work reports the changes for the mesoporous materials sba-15 and kit-6 associated with the structural, textural, and chemical properties when they are subjected to thermo-alkaline treatment.Despite the fact that the silica supports have not a strong affinity for co2adsorption, the adsorption enthalpy profiles (δhads) reported that the substrates subjected to the thermo-alkaline treatment (s15h and k6h) have a greater energetic affinity towards co2capture if compared to the precursory solids (s15 and k6).The δhadsis - 26.7 k j mol-1at 0.15 mmol g-1by supported s15h and k6h while the δhadsis - 20.7 k j mol-1and - 18.7 k j mol-1by k6 and s15, respectively, at the same co2coverage.Furthermore, the co2adsorption performances by the hydrolytic condensation between silica supports and the n ́- (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)diethylenetriamine (naeptes) or 3-aminopropiltriethoxysilane (aptes) are presented and it can be seen that the best performer for co2adsorption is reported for the s15hn since it is able to absorb 0.93 mmol at 0.15 atm at 318 k.Thereby, the outcomes show that the effects of porous curvature and the magnitude of the amine species are parameters to be considered, as well as the thermo-alkaline treatment, in order to improve the subsequent surface reactions on silica supports.The materials were characterized by xrd, tem, and n2adsorption at 77 k, nir, and pyridine thermodesorption using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir-py), nmr for29si and13c, dsc, and co2adsorption.

Journal: Environmental science and pollution research international (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review