syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Self-care behavior and associated factors among patients with heart failure in public hospitals of Southeast Ethiopia.

This study was performed to assess self-care behavior and associated factors among patients with heart failure attending public hospitals in southeast ethiopia in 2021.Methods an institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 patients with heart failure from 15 may to 30 june 2021 using a simple random sampling technique.A multivariable binary logistic model was used to identify factors associated with self-care behavior.Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05.Results the magnitude of good self-care behavior among patients with heart failure was 53.6% [95% confidence interval (ci), 48.9-58.3].Factors associated with self-care behavior were treatment with a beta blocker [adjusted odds ratio (aor), 0.49; 95% ci, 0.27-0.89], treatment with digitalis (aor, 0.11; 95% ci, 0.05-0.24), the level of social support (aor, 0.07; 95% ci, 0.03-0.15), and the presence of depressive symptoms (aor, 0.21; 95% ci, 2.70-8.33).Conclusion slightly more than half of the respondents had good self-care behavior.Attention should be given to enhancing good self-care practice through integration of health education as routine care.

Journal: The Journal of international medical research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Accelerating drug development in breast cancer: New frontiers for ER inhibition.

The estrogen receptor (er) is an important driver in the proliferation, tumorigenesis, and progression of breast cancers, and targeting er signaling at different levels is a successful strategy in the control of hormone receptor positive (hr+) breast cancer.Endocrine therapy has been the treatment of choice for hr+ breast cancer in the early and advanced stages with multiple agents, including selective estrogen receptor modulators (serms), selective estrogen receptor degraders (serds), and aromatase inhibitors (ais), which vary in their mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics.Combination strategies also employ cyclin dependent kinase 4 and 6 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to maximize the benefits of endocrine therapy.This paper reviews the clinical development of serds and other novel er inhibitors, as well as combination strategies to overcome mechanisms of er pathway escape.It also assesses the advantages of newer oral er inhibitors with increased bioavailability, improved therapeutic index, better administration, and increased efficacy, as well as discussing future directions in the field.

Journal: Cancer treatment reviews (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Spinal Oxycodone in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Preliminary Study.

The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic efficacy and safety of 1 mg and 0.5 mg oxycodone administration in a spinal block procedure for a total hip arthroplasty (tha).Patients and methods forty-two tha patients aged 59-81 with american society anesthesiology (asa) ii-iii were included.All patients received anesthesia using spinal blockade, with bupivacaine 0.5% spinal heavy 2.5 ml, with 0.5 ml oxycodone hydrochloride 1.0 mg (group a; n = 28) or 0.5 mg (group b; n = 14).During surgery, each patient was sedated with 2-4 mg/kg/h intravenous propofol infusion.They received 100 mg intravenous ketoprofen at the end of the surgery at 8 pm and 8 am, with recommended doses every 12 h thereafter.Subcutaneous morphine 5 mg was used as a rescue analgesic, and the time to morphine use was recorded.After surgery, pain intensity (at the moment of patient report) was assessed using an 11-point numerical rating scale (nrs).The incidence of adverse effects was monitored.Blood samples were taken for assays of serum oxycodone, noroxycodone and bupivacaine levels.Results the time to rescue analgesia was 9.6 ± 5.6 h in group a and 7.3 ± 1.9 h in group b, and it did not differ between patient groups (p = 0.179).The mean nrs pain score was 4.5 in group a and 4.2 in group b.Three group a patients had detectable oxycodone levels: two < 7.1 ng/ml and in 1 spinal block induced anesthesia was unsuccessful and so he/she underwent general anesthesia (this patient was excluded from the analysis).Four group b patients had single values < 5 ng/ml.Noroxycodone levels were in all patients undetectable, and bupivacaine levels were 70-300 ng/ml.Regarding adverse effects, one patient had hypotension, one had bradycardia, and one had pruritus.Conclusion oxycodone in spinal block prolongs analgesia period, does not cause serious adverse effects and seems to be safe and effective opioid for patients undergoing tha.

Journal: Current medicinal chemistry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
History of a disaster: A baseline assessment of the Wakashio oil spill on the coast of Mauritius, Indian Ocean.

Oil spills from tanker ships provide adverse and irreversible impacts of a pollutant over coastal and marine environments.Using sentinel-1 and 2 satellite images, this baseline paper presents the detection, assessment, and monitoring of the aground and further oil spill from the wakashio ship of august 06, 2020, on the mauritius coast.The oil spill started on august 06, after cracks developed on the hull, and continued until the total breakup of the ship on august 15, 2020.Data shows displacements in ship position of about 100 m, and a maximum change of 80° in orientation (from ns to ne).The remote sensing results were validated using met-ocean observations and reanalysis, which showed winds, waves, and tides of high magnitude at the accident site during the incident period.Analysis of the results of this event using reas and cmems data indicate their usefulness to study similar future oil spills events.

Journal: Marine pollution bulletin (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Geographical distinctions of longevity indicators and their correlation with climatic factors in the area where most Chinese Yao are distributed.

Longevity research is a hot topic in the health field.Considerable research focuses on longevity phenomenon in bama yao autonomous county, which has a typical karst landform and is located in southwest china.This study aims to illustrate the spatial feature of longevity indicators in other yao areas, to analyze the correlation between climatic factors and longevity indicators, and to provide new clues and targets for further longevity studies.We collect and integrate population, climate, and terrain data into a spatial database.The main analysis methods include spatial autocorrelation, high/low clustering, and multiscale geographically weighted regression (mgwr).Two longevity clusters are identified in guijiang river basin (longevity index (li%): 2.49 ± 0.63) and liujiang river basin (li%: 2.13 ± 0.60).The spatial distribution of longevity indicators is autocorrelative (moran's i = 0.652, p < 0.001) and clustered significantly (z score = 4.268, p < 0.001).Mgwr shows that the atmospheric pressure significantly affects the spatial distribution of li% (estimate value (ev) = - 0.566, p = 0.012), centenarity index (ci%) (ev = - 0.425, p = 0.007), uc (ev = - 0.502, p = 0.006), and ch (ev = - 0.497, p = 0.007).Rainfall significantly affects the spatial distribution of li% (ev = 0.300, p = 0.003) and ci% (ev = - 0.191, p = 0.016).The spatial distribution of the main longevity indicators shows significant heterogeneity and autocorrelation, and they cluster in the guijiang river and liujiang river basins.Atmospheric pressure and rainfall may contribute to the longevity phenomenon through complex mechanisms.The longevity phenomenon in the yao nationality in guijiang river basin requires further study to improve our understanding of the health effect of meteorological, environmental, and social conditions on longevity.

Journal: International journal of biometeorology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Simultaneous detection of ten kinds of insecticide residues in honey and pollen using UPLC-MS/MS with graphene and carbon nanotubes as adsorption and purification materials.

An analytical method of simultaneous detection of ten insecticide residues in honey and pollen was established.The samples were purified with qu ech ers approach using new adsorbents and analyzed with uplc-ms/ms.The results showed that both of graphene and carbon nanotubes were highly efficient adsorbents for the d spe clean up to eliminate coextractives in the samples, and graphene was superior to carbon nanotubes for the detection of pesticide residues in honey and pollen samples.The proposed method was used to detect pesticide residues in 25 honey samples and 30 pollen samples which were randomly collected from more than ten provinces in china.All honey samples contain 1-27 μg/kg of chlorpyrifos residues.Only 4% of the honey samples were detected containing acetamiprid and imidacloprid, while the other seven pesticides were not detected.Chlorpyrifos residues were found in all pollen samples (5-66 μg/kg), among which twenty percent exceeded the maximum residue limits (mrls, 50 μg/kg, european commission regulation).Most of the pollen samples containing pesticide concentrations higher than mrls were collected from rape, followed by lotus, camellia, and rose.Besides, 36.7% and 33.3% of the pollen samples had imidacloprid and flupyradifurone higher than 5 μg/kg.A total of 26.7% pollen samples were detected containing bifenthrin, while none of the other six pesticides were detected in pollen samples.

Journal: Environmental science and pollution research international (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Hydroxylation Position Rather than Chirality Determines How Efavirenz Metabolites Activate Cytochrome P450 46A1 In Vitro.

(s)-efavirenz (efv) is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an antiviral drug.In addition, (s)-efv can interact off target with cyp46a1, the major cholesterol hydroxylating enzyme in the mammalian brain, and allosterically activate cyp46a1 at a small dose in mice and humans.Studies with purified cyp46a1 identified two allosteric sites on the enzyme surface, one for (s)-efv and the second site for l-glutamate (glu), a neurotransmitter that also activates cyp46a1 either alone or in the presence of (s)-efv.Previously, we found that racemic (rac)-7-hydroxyefavirenz, (rac)-8-hydroxyefavirenz, (s)-8-hydroxyefavirenz, and (rac)-8,14-dihydroxyefavirenz, compounds with the hydroxylation positions corresponding to the metabolism of (s)-efv in the liver, activated cyp46a1 in vitro.Yet, these compounds differed from (s)-efv in how they allosterically interacted with cyp46a1.Herein, we further characterized (rac)-7-hydroxyefavirenz, (rac)-8-hydroxyefavirenz, (s)-8-hydroxyefavirenz, and (rac)-8,14-dihydroxyefavirenz, and, in addition, (r)-efv, (s)-7-hydroxyefavirenz, (rac)-7,8-dihydroxyefavirenz, (s)-7,8-dihydroxyefavirenz, and (s)-8,14-dihydroxyefavirenz for activation and binding to cyp46a1 in vitro.We found that the spatial configuration of all tested compounds neither affected the cyp46a1 activation nor the sites of binding to cyp46a1.Yet, the hydroxylation position determined whether the hydroxylated metabolite interacted with the allosteric site for (s)-efv [(r)-efv, (rac)-7,8-dihydroxyefavirenz, and (s)-7,8-dihydroxyefavirenz], l-glu [(rac)- and (s)-8,14-dihydroxyefavirenz], or both [(rac)-7-hydroxyefavirenz, (s)-7-hydroxyefavirenz, (rac)-8-hydroxyefavirenz, and (s)-8-hydroxyefavirenz].This difference in binding to the allosteric sites determined, in turn, how cyp46a1 activity was changed in the coincubations with (s)-efv and either its metabolite or l-glu.The results suggest efv metabolites that could be more potent for cyp46a1 activation in vivo than (s)-efv.Significance statement: this study found that not only efavirenz but also all its hydroxylated metabolites allosterically activate cyp46a1 in vitro.The enzyme activation depended on the hydroxylation position but not the metabolite spatial configuration and involved either one or two allosteric sites-for efavirenz, l-glutamate, or both.The results suggest that the hydroxylated efavirenz metabolites may differ from efavirenz in how they interact with the cyp46a1 allosteric and active sites.

Journal: Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Phase Transformation after Heat Treatment of Cr-Ni Stainless Steel Powder for 3D Printing.

Today, ni-cr steel is used for advanced applications in the high-temperature and electrical industries, medical equipment, food industry, agriculture and is applied in food and beverage packaging and kitchenware, automotive or mesh.A study of input steel powder from various stages of the recycling process intended for 3d printing was conducted.In addition to the precise evaluation of the morphology, particle size and composition of the powders used for laser 3d printing, special testing and evaluation of the heat-treated powders were carried out.Heat treatment up to 950 °c in an air atmosphere revealed the properties of powders that can appear during laser sintering.The powders in the oxidizing atmosphere change the phase composition and the original fe ni cr stainless steel changes to a two-phase system of fe3ni and cr2o3, as evaluated by x-ray diffraction analysis.Observation of the morphology showed the separation of the oxidic phase in the sense of a brittle shell.The inner part of the powder particle is a porous compact core.The particle size is generally reduced due to the peeling of the oxide shell.This effect can be critical to 3d printing processing, causing defects on the printed parts, as well as reducing the usability of the precursor powder and can also change the properties of the printed part.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Residual Pyramidal Lobe Increases Stimulated Thyroglobulin and Decreases Endogenous Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Stimulation in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients.

To determine the frequency of pyramidal lobe remnants after total thyroidectomy (tt) and the effect on stimulated thyroglobulin (tg).Methods the study included 1740 differentiated thyroid cancer (dtc) patients who were followed up by our center.The department database was searched to identify dtc patients with residual pyramidal lobe after tt.All postoperative technetium-99m pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy images were re-evaluated for pyramidal lobe residue.Serum stimulated tg and thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) levels measured within the first 6 months after tt were retrieved from the database.Results pyramidal lobe residue was detected in 10.4% of the patients who underwent tt.Evidence of the pyramidal lobe was present on preoperative ultrasonography in 1.6% of the patients with residual pyramidal lobe.Stimulated tg in patients with pyramidal lobe residue was significantly higher than that in patients without residue (p = .01).Endogenous stimulated tsh in patients with residual pyramidal lobe was significantly lower than that in patients without residue (p = .036).In 5.7% of patients with pyramidal lobe residue, a tsh level of >30 m iu/l was not achieved, which was a significantly higher rate than that in patients without pyramidal lobe residue (p = .034) and is the level required for maximum radioiodine uptake.Conclusion pyramidal lobe residue was found in almost 10% of dtc patients.The pyramidal lobe is often missed on preoperative ultrasonography.Residual pyramidal lobe increased stimulated tg and decreased endogenous stimulated tsh.Residual pyramidal lobe may complicate the follow-up of dtc patients.

Journal: Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Predictive value of alarm symptoms in Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

Irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is a common functional bowel disease that shares features with many organic diseases and cannot be accurately diagnosed by symptom-based criteria.Alarm symptoms have long been applied in the clinical diagnosis of ibs.However, no study has explored the predictive value of alarm symptoms in suspected ibs patients based on the latest rome iv criteria.Aim to investigate the predictive value of alarm symptoms in suspected ibs patients based on the rome iv criteria.Methods in this multicenter cross-sectional study, we collected data from 730 suspected ibs patients evaluated at 3 tertiary care centers from august 2018 to august 2019.Patients with ibs-like symptoms who completed colonoscopy during the study period were initially identified by investigators through medical records.Eligible patients completed questionnaires, underwent laboratory tests, and were assigned to the ibs or organic disease group according to colonoscopy findings and pathology results (if a biopsy was taken).Independent risk factors for organic disease were explored by logistic regression analysis, and the positive predictive value (ppv) and missed diagnosis rate were calculated.Results the incidence of alarm symptoms in suspected ibs patients was 75.34%.Anemia [odds ratio (or) = 2.825, 95% confidence interval (ci): 1.273-6.267,p= 0.011], fecal occult blood [or = 1.940 (95%ci: 1.041-3.613),p= 0.037], unintended weight loss (p= 0.009), female sex [or = 0.560 (95%ci: 0.330-0.949),p= 0.031] and marital status (p= 0.030) were independently correlated with organic disease.The prevalence of organic disease was 10.41% in suspected ibs patients.The ppv of alarm symptoms for organic disease was highest for anemia (22.92%), fecal occult blood (19.35%) and unintended weight loss (16.48%), and it was 100% when these three factors were combined.The ppv and missed diagnosis rate for diagnosing ibs were 91.67% and 74.77% when all alarm symptoms were combined with rome iv and 92.09% and 34.10% when only fecal occult blood, unintended weight loss and anemia were combined with rome iv, respectively.Conclusion anemia, fecal occult blood and unintended weight loss have high predictive value for organic disease in suspected ibs patients and can help identify patients requiring further examination but are not recommended as exclusion criteria for ibs.

Journal: World journal of clinical cases (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
An Educational Outreach Program: A Trauma System's 5-Year Experience.

The american college of surgeons committee on trauma requires level i and ii trauma centers to provide educational outreach to lower-level facilities.Although outreach is a required part of any trauma system, very little is published on the resources required for a successful program.Objective the purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive roadmap of the required components to achieve a successful trauma outreach program.Methods this project describes the development and implementation of an educational outreach program from january 2016 to december 2020 that has grown from 27 facilities within one western state to 49 facilities across 14 different states.Program components measured include the number and attendance of trauma courses offered, including the trauma nursing core course (tncc), advanced trauma life support (atls), rural trauma team development course (rttdc), the number of trauma meetings and webinars provided, total trauma center designation and reviews, total states reached, and total trauma center collaborations.Results from 2016 to 2020, the program more than doubled the number of tncc and atls courses, maintained the number of rttdc offered, and observed attendance rate increases of 33% and 11% for tncc and atls courses, respectively.Outreach leadership attended 44 trauma meetings and educational webinars using virtual platform technology, nearly doubling the trauma center outreach with expansion across 14 states resulting in important changes in practice.Conclusion with administrative support, effective leadership, and technology, outreach programs can serve as important resources for statewide trauma systems.

Journal: Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
First 15 Years of Assisted Reproductive Technology Using Washed Sperm in HIV-Positive Individuals Under Antiretroviral Therapy: Sweden's Nationwide Outcomes.

Antiretroviral therapy has made hiv a chronic infectious disease.In sweden, assisted reproductive technologies using sperm washing were implemented in 2004 for treatment of all hiv-positive males in serodiscordant couples at karolinska hospital in stockholm.This study aimed to assess efficacy and safety of this approach and to investigate the effect of antiretroviral regimens on sperm quality of men treated for hiv.The study included all hiv-positive men (n= 53) adherent to antiretroviral treatment, including nucleoside/nucleotide analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (nrtis) combined with non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (nnrtis) in 22 cases, or with other medication in 31 cases wishing fertility treatment.Sperm was washed using gradient centrifugation with a double tube system, frozen and thawed.Thereafter, single spermatozoa were injected in oocytes by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi).Treatment outcomes were compared to those of hepatitis b virus (hbv)-seropositive men in serodiscordant couples (n= 56), undergoing similar sperm washing protocols and icsi at the center.In total, 82 fresh and 39 frozen/thawed embryo transfer (fet) cycles were performed in discordant hiv couples and 92 fresh and 36 fet cycles in hbv.Fertilization rates (69.2% vs.64.6%,p= 0.310), clinical pregnancy rates (39.2% vs.32.6%,p= 0.378), and live birth rates (35.8% vs.31.5%,p= 0.565) were similar between the groups and the cumulative results yielded similar outcomes with a live birth rate of 52.8% and 51.8% (p= 0.913), respectively.No post-wash sperm sample was found positive for hiv viral particles.No partner seroconversion or offspring infection was reported.Nnrti-treated men had significantly lower motile sperm concentration than non-nnrti-treated patients (54.48% vs.36.41%,p< 0001).This study showed thatin vitrofertilization/icsi treatment with sperm washing was safe in individuals compliant to antiretroviral treatment and the reproductive outcome was similar to that of hbv-positive men.The observed moderate negative impact on sperm motility of nnrti regimens may be overcome by using icsi.

Journal: AIDS patient care and STDs (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Toll-like receptor 2 orchestrates a tumor suppressor response in non-small cell lung cancer.

Targeting early-stage lung cancer is vital to improve survival.However, the mechanisms and components of the early tumor suppressor response in lung cancer are not well understood.In this report, we study the role of toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2), a regulator of oncogene-induced senescence, which is a key tumor suppressor response in premalignancy.Using human lung cancer samples and genetically engineered mouse models, we show that tlr2 is active early in lung tumorigenesis, where it correlates with improved survival and clinical regression.Mechanistically, tlr2 impairs early lung cancer progression via activation of cell intrinsic cell cycle arrest pathways and the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (sasp).The sasp regulates non-cell autonomous anti-tumor responses, such as immune surveillance of premalignant cells, and we observe impaired myeloid cell recruitment to lung tumors after tlr2 loss.Last, we show that administration of a tlr2 agonist reduces lung tumor growth, highlighting tlr2 as a possible therapeutic target.

Journal: Cell reports (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural