syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Giant and Extensive Localized Xanthoma Associated with Primary Lymphedema.

Lymphedema is extravasation of lymphatic fluid into extracellular spaces and may be primary or secondary.Primary lymphedema may be caused by truncular lymphatic malformation.Long-standing lymphedema may result in various complications due to increased porosity of lymphatics, defective valves, and increased lymphatic pressure.There are few reports of normolipidemic xanthoma in association with lymphedema.We report a case of giant xanthoma associated with primary lymphedema.

Journal: Indian journal of dermatology (2019)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Sex-Related Differences on Chemical Composition, Anatomy, Histochemistry, and Biological Activities of Juniperus rigida.

Sex-related differences on phenolic profiles, chemical composition of essential oils, anatomy, histochemistry and biological activities (antioxidant and antibacterial activities) of juniperus rigida needles collected from yijun and fugu region were first studied.In two regions, female and male had similar contents of total phenolic and total flavonoid.10 phenolic compounds were analyzed by rp-hplc, amentoflavone content was significantly higher in female than male in yijun, and chlorogenic acid content was significantly higher in female than male in fugu.30 compounds (over 0.5 %) were detected in the essential oils, and the total contents of female were lower than male in yijun.This difference mainly comes from germacrene d, which was about twice as high in male as in female.Male needles had significantly larger mechanical tissue and phloem in yijun.Histochemical analysis indicated that the phenols were stored in epidermal cells, sponge tissue, endodermis cells, edge of resin duct, stomatal bands, and the flavonoids were stored in epidermal cells, endodermis cells, edge of resin duct, stomatal bands.No sex-related differences were found in histochemical analysis, antioxidant activities (abts, frap) and antibacterial activities (9 strains).This preliminary study provided a reference for production practice and theoretical research of j.Rigida.

Journal: Chemistry & biodiversity (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Treatment outcomes and predicting factors for diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab - One-year real-life results in Taiwan.

To report the one-year outcomes of diabetic macular edema (dme) treated with ranibizumab under a real-life setting in taiwan, and to identify the prognostic factors.Methods between july 2013 and january 2015, 119 eyes receiving intravitreal ranibizumab for dme were retrospectively recruited.Best-corrected visual acuity (bcva) and central foveal thickness (cft) measured with optical coherence tomography were collected at baseline and at month 3, 6, and 12.Linear regression was used to identify the predicting factors for changes in bcva and cft at month 12.Results the average number of ranibizumab given within one year was 4.36 ± 1.87.The bcva (log mar) improved from 0.74 ± 0.30 at baseline to 0.64 ± 0.37 at month 12 (p = 0.002).A better improvement in bcva at month 3 was significantly correlated with a better visual improvement at month 12 (p < 0.001).The existence of subretinal fluid at baseline (p = 0.02) and a greater reduction in cft at month 3 (p < 0.001) were both correlated with a greater reduction in cft at month 12.Previous subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide was associated with fewer additional ivr after month 3 (odds ratio = 0.35, 95% ci = 0.14-0.89).Conclusion compared with existing prospective studies, the one-year real-life data in taiwan showed fewer ranibizumab injections for dme and a less prominent yet still significant visual improvement.Both visual and anatomical improvements at month 3 were correlated with the level of improvements at month 12.Previous subtenon steroid injection might reduce the need of additional ranibizumab injections.

Journal: Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
B Vitamins: Functions and Uses in Medicine.

B vitamins are a group of 8 water-soluble vitamins.The body does not store them, so they need to be replaced daily.B vitamins are found in animal proteins, dairy products, leafy green vegetables, and beans.Overall, their function can generally be divided into catabolic metabolism, leading to energy production, and anabolic metabolism, resulting in bioactive molecules.They are critical cofactors for axonal transport, synthesis of neurotransmitters, and many cellular metabolic pathways.B vitamins are cofactors for many essential enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of rna and dna.B vitamin deficiencies have been considered as etiological factors in the development of various neurologic disorders and a broad spectrum of pathological states.Reductions in food intake and absorption efficiency in some populations, including the geriatric population, may warrant attention to their dietary b vitamin levels.Most b vitamins are generally safe even at intake levels reached with fortified food or supplements.

Journal: The Permanente journal (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
The protective effect of the spleen in sickle cell patients. A comparative study between patients with asplenia/hyposplenism and hypersplenism.

Sickle cell disease (scd) is caused by a point mutation in the beta-globin gene.Scd is characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, vaso-occlusive events leading to tissue ischemia, and progressive organ failure.Chronic inflammatory state is part of the pathophysiology of scd.Patients with scd have extremely variable phenotypes, from mild disease to severe complications including early age death.The spleen is commonly injured in scd.Early splenic dysfunction and progressive spleen atrophy are common.Splenomegaly and hypersplenism can also occur with the loss of the crucial splenic function.Acute, life-threatening spleen-related complications in scd are well studied.The association of laboratory parameters with the spleen status including hyposplenism, asplenia, and splenomegaly/hypersplenism, and their implication in vaso-occlusive crisis and long-term complications in scd remain to be determined.We evaluated the association between the spleen status with clinical and laboratory parameters in 31 scd patients: group a) patients with asplenia/hyposplenism (n = 22) (including auto-splenectomy and splenectomized patients) vs.Group b) patients with splenomegaly and or hypersplenism (n = 9).Laboratory studies included: complete blood count, reticulocyte count, iron metabolism parameters, c reactive protein (crp), hb variant distribution, and d-dimer.Metabolic and morphological red blood cell (rbc) studies included: density gradient (by percoll), glucose consumption, lactate release, and k+leakage, fetal rbc (f-cells) and f-reticulocytes, annexin v+, cd71+, oxidative stress measured by gsh presence in rbc and finally howell jolly bodies count were all analyzed by flow cytometry.Scanning electron microscopy analysis of rbc was also performed.Patients with asplenia/hyposplenism showed significantly higher wbc, platelet, hematocrit, hemoglobin s, crp, d-dimer, gamma glutamyl transferase (ggt), cholesterol, transferrin, annexin v+ rbcs, cd71+rbcs, together with a markedly lower f reticulocyte levels in comparison with splenomegaly/hypersplenism patients.In summary, important differences were also found between the groups in the studied rbcs parameters.Further studies are required to elucidate the effect of the spleen including hyper and hypo-splenia on laboratory parameters and in clinical manifestations, vascular pathology, and long-term complications of scd.The benefits and risks of splenectomy compared to chronic transfusion need to be evaluated in clinical trials and the standard approach managing hypersplenism in scd patients should be re-evaluated.

Journal: Frontiers in physiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Novel DNA Aptamers for Parkinson's Disease Treatment Inhibit α-Synuclein Aggregation and Facilitate its Degradation.

Parkinson's disease (pd) is one of the most prevalent forms of synucleinopathies, and it is characterized neuropathologically by the presence of intracellular inclusions composed primarily of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn) in neurons.The previous immunotherapy targeting the α-syn in pd models with monoclonal antibodies has established α-syn protein as an effective target for neuronal cell death.However, due to the essential weaknesses of antibody and the unique features of aptamers, the aptamers could represent a promising alternative to the currently used antibodies in immunotherapy for pd.In this study, the purified human α-syn was used as the target for in vitro selection of aptamers using systematic evolution by exponential enrichment.This resulted in the identification of two 58-base dna aptamers with a high binding affinity and good specificity to the α-syn, with kdvalues in the nanomolar range.Both aptamers could effectively reduce α-syn aggregation in vitro and in cells and target the α-syn to intracellular degradation through the lysosomal pathway.These effects consequently rescued the mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular defects caused by α-syn overexpression.To our knowledge, this is the first study to employ aptamers to block the aberrant cellular effects of the overexpressed α-syn in cells.

Journal: Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Musculoskeletal disorders and the physical activity of territorial army soldiers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of self-reported musculoskeletal disorders (msd) among polish territorial army soldiers during the covid-19 pandemic and to investigate whether there was a relationship between occupational physical activity (opa), leisure time physical activity (ltpa), and msd.Methods the study used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 373 territorial army soldiers ages 18-55 who had not previously suffered from covid-19 and were not convalescents.The symptoms prevalence data was collected using the standardized nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire.Opa and ltpa data was collected using the seven-day physical activity recall (sdpar).Results the opa, ltpa, and total physical activity (pa) among the studied soldiers was very diverse and the mean level of pa was relatively high.A total of 56 and 40% of territorial army soldiers had experienced pain or other discomfort in one or more of nine body regions during the past 12 months and during the past 7 days, respectively.The most common msd among polish territorial army soldiers were low back pain, followed by pain in the neck and knees.Conclusions the study revealed that the opa of the studied soldiers, especially vigorous-intensity and high vigorous-intensity opa, was associated with a higher prevalence of msd in several regions of the body, i.e.The lower back, elbows, wrists or hands, hips or thighs, and ankles or feet.Along with the increase in energy expenditure on total pa, a greater percentage of respondents experienced low back pain.Vigorous and high vigorous-intensity pa may contribute to the occurrence of msd.

Journal: BMC musculoskeletal disorders (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The effect of antenatal depression on birth weight among newborns in South Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a population-based prospective cohort study.

There is a high prevalence of antenatal depression and low birth weight (lbw) (< 2.5 kg) in ethiopia.Prior evidence revealed that the association between antenatal depression and lbw in high- and low-income countries is conflicting.The effect of antenatal depression on birth weight is under-researched in ethiopia.We aimed to examine the independent effect of antenatal depression on newborn birth weight in an urban community in northwest ethiopia.Methods a total of 970 pregnant women were screened for antenatal depression in their second and third trimester of pregnancy through the use of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale (epds).A logistic regression model was used to adjust confounders and determine associations between antenatal depression and low birth weight.Information was collected on the birth weight of newborns and mother's socio-demographic, anthropometric, obstetric, clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral factors.Results the cumulative incidence of lbw was found to be 27.76%.The cumulative incidence of lbw in those born from depressed pregnant women was 40% as compared to 21% in none depressed.While considering all other variables constant, mothers who had antenatal depression were 2.51 (cor = 2.51 (95 ci: 1.87, 3.37)) more likely to have a child with low birth weight.After adjusting for potential confounders, antenatal depression in the second and third trimester of pregnancy (aor = 1.92 (95% ci: 1.31, 2.81)) remained significantly associated with lbw.Mid-upper arm circumference (muac) ≤21, lack of anc follow up, and preterm births were also associated with lbw.Conclusion this study showed that antenatal depression during the second and third trimester of pregnancy is associated with lbw of newborns and replicates results found in high-income countries.Linking early screening, detection, and treatment of antenatal depression into routine antenatal care could be essential to improve pregnancy outcomes.

Journal: Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Reinventing Virtual Reference Services during a Period of Crisis: Decisions that Help Us Move Forward.

This article focuses on providing virtual reference services at the mcphs university libraries as a response to the physical space closing due to the covid-19 pandemic.The study emphasizes the importance of interdepartmental collaboration between all library staff members, and highlights important enhancements implemented to successfully meet the growing demand for live chat services and research consultations.Enhancements include expanding online chat hours, offering individualized virtual reference sessions, and integrating zoom functionality into lib answers platform.Extensive data findings allowed for critical decision-making about eliminating the reference desk on one of the campuses, training student workers, and scheduling library staff for virtual services.

Journal: Medical reference services quarterly (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Predicting local material thickness from steady-state ultrasonic wavefield measurements using a convolutional neural network.

Acoustic steady-state excitation spatial spectroscopy (assess) is a full-field, ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation (nde) technique used to locate and characterize defects in plate-like structures.Assess generates a steady-state, single-tone ultrasonic excitation in a structure and a scanning laser doppler vibrometer (ldv) measures the resulting full-field surface velocity response.Traditional processing techniques for assess data rely on wavenumber domain analysis.This paper presents the alternative use of a convolutional neural network (cnn), trained using simulated assess data, to predict the local plate thickness at every pixel in the wavefield measurement directly.The defect detection accuracy of cnn-based thickness predictions are shown to improve for defects of greater size, and for defects with higher thickness reductions.The cnn demonstrates the ability to predict thickness accurately in regions where lamb wave dispersion relations are complex or unknown, such as near the boundaries of a test specimen, so long as the cnn is trained on data that accounts for these regions.The cnn also shows generalizability to assess experimental data, despite an entirely simulated training dataset.

Journal: Ultrasonics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Betaine in ameliorating alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis.

Alcohol-associated liver disease (aald) is one of most common chronic liver diseases.Hepatic steatosis is the earliest stage in aald pathological spectrum, reversible by alcohol abstinence.Untreated steatosis can progress to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and/or cirrhosis.Considering the difficulties in achieving complete abstinence, challenges in disease reversal at advanced stages, high costs of aald management and lack of standardised prescribed medications for treatment, it is essential to explore low-cost natural compounds that can target aald at an early stage and halt or decelerate disease progression.Betaine is a non-hazardous naturally occurring nutrient.Here, we address the mechanisms of alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis, the role of betaine in reversing the effects i.e., its action against hepatic steatosis in animal models and humans, and the associated cellular and molecular processes.Accordingly, the review discusses how betaine restores the alcohol-induced reduction in methylation potential by elevating the levels of s-adenosylmethionine and methionine.It details how betaine reinstates alcohol-induced alterations in the expressions and/or activities of protein phosphtase-2a, foxo1, ppar-α, ampk, srebp-1c, fatty acid synthase, diacylglycerol transferase-2, adiponectin and nitric oxide.Interrelationships between these factors in preventing de novo lipogenesis, reducing hepatic uptake of adipose-tissue-derived free fatty acids, promoting vldl synthesis and secretion, and restoring β-oxidation of fatty acids to attenuate hepatic triglyceride accumulation are elaborated.Despite its therapeutic potential, very few clinical trials have examined betaine's effect on alcohol-induced hepatic lipid accumulation.This review will provide further confidence to conduct randomised control trials to enable maximum utilisation of betaine's remedial properties to treat alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis.

Journal: European journal of nutrition (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Investigation of Spaceflight Induced Changes to Astronaut Microbiomes.

The international space station (iss) is a uniquely enclosed environment that has been continuously occupied for the last two decades.Throughout its operation, protecting the health of the astronauts on-board has been a high priority.The human microbiome plays a significant role in maintaining human health, and disruptions in the microbiome have been linked to various diseases.To evaluate the effects of spaceflight on the human microbiome, body swabs and saliva samples were collected from four iss astronauts on consecutive expeditions.Astronaut samples were analyzed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and microarrays to characterize the microbial biodiversity before, during, and after the astronauts' time onboard the iss.Samples were evaluated at an individual and population level to identify changes in microbial diversity and abundance.No significant changes in the number or relative abundance of taxa were observed between collection time points when samples from all four astronauts were analyzed together.When the astronauts' saliva samples were analyzed individually, the saliva samples of some astronauts showed significant changes in the relative abundance of taxa during and after spaceflight.The relative abundance of prevotellain saliva samples increased during two astronauts' time onboard the iss while the relative abundance of other commensal taxa such as neisseria,rothia, and haemophilusdecreased.The abundance of some antimicrobial resistance genes within the saliva samples also showed significant changes.Most notably, elfamycin resistance gene significantly increased in all four astronauts post-flight and a cfx a6 beta-lactam marker significantly increased during spaceflight but returned to normal levels post-flight.The combination of both shotgun metagenomic sequencing and microarrays showed the benefit of both technologies in monitoring microbes on board the iss.There were some changes in each astronaut's microbiome during spaceflight, but these changes were not universal for all four astronauts.Two antimicrobial resistance gene markers did show a significant change in abundance in the saliva samples of all four astronauts across their collection times.These results provide insight for future iss microbial monitoring studies and targets for antimicrobial resistance screenings.

Journal: Frontiers in microbiology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Renal, cardiac, neurological, cutaneous and coagulopathic long-term manifestations of COVID-19 after recovery; A review.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-co v-2) caused the novel global coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) disease outbreak.Its pathogenesis is mostly located in the respiratory tract.However, other organs are also affected.Hence, realising how such a complex disturbance affects patients after recovery is crucial.Regarding the significance of control of covid-19-related complications after recovery, the current study was designed to review the cellular and molecular mechanisms linking covid-19 to significant long-term signs including renal and cardiac complications, cutaneous and neurological manifestations, as well as blood coagulation disorders.This virus can directly influence on the cells through angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ace-2) to induce cytokine storm.Acute release of interleukin-1 (il1), il6 and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (pai-1) have been related to elevating risk of heart failure.Also, inflammatory cytokines like il-8 and tumour necrosis factor-αcause the secretion of von willebrand factor (vwf) from human endothelial cells and then vwf binds to neutrophil extracellular traps to induce thrombosis.On the other hand, the virus can damage the blood-brain barrier by increasing its permeability and subsequently enters into the central nervous system and the systemic circulation.Furthermore, sars-induced ace2-deficiency decreases [des-arg9]-bradykinin (des arg9-bk) degradation in kidneys to induce inflammation, thrombotic problems, fibrosis and necrosis.Notably, the angiotensin ii-angiotensin ii type 1 receptor binding causes an increase in aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptors on the surface of dendritic cells cells, leading to recalling macrophage and monocyte into inflammatory sites of skin.In conclusions, all the pathways play a key role in the pathogenesis of these disturbances.Nevertheless, more investigations are necessary to determine more pathogenetic mechanisms of the virus.

Journal: Epidemiology and infection (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review