syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the successful clinical treatment of 140 patients with parathyroid adenoma: A retrospective study.

Parathyroid adenoma (pa) sometimes recurs after surgery, how to improve the surgical success rate of pa is the key to the treatment of this disease.Aim to investigate the clinical features, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of patients with pa.Methods patients who were pathologically confirmed with pa and had undergone surgery for the first time between january 2010 and december 2017 at the beijing shijitan hospital affiliated to capital medical university were included in the study.The clinical features, localization diagnosis, and surgical treatment of these patients were analyzed.Results of the 140 patients, 32 were male and 108 were female; 132 cases had one adenoma, and 8 had two adenomas.In addition, 114 cases had clinical symptoms, among which 51, 28, 23, 8, and 4 had urinary system, skeletal system, digestive system, neuromuscular system, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, respectively, while 26 cases had no obvious symptoms.The median level of preoperative parathyroid hormone (pth) was 201.0 pg/m l.The positive detection rate of technetium-99m sestamibi (tc-99m mibi) single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (spect/ct), ultrasound examination, and the combined use of tc-99m mibi spect/ct and ultrasound examination was 92.9%, 85.5%, and 96.4%, respectively.Open surgery was performed in all patients, and pth was monitored during surgery.The success rate of surgery was 98.6%.After surgery, 21 cases developed hypocalcemia, 1 case developed temporary hoarseness, and 19 cases had transient hypoparathyroidism but there was no permanent hypoparathyroidism, postoperative hemorrhage, or hematoma in the surgical area.Conclusion for patients with clinically unexplained skeletal system, urinary system, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, the possibility of pa should be considered.Imaging examinations such as ultrasound and tc-99m mibi spect/ct could be integrated before surgery to obtain accurate localization diagnosis.Precise preoperative localization, intraoperative pth monitoring, and delicate surgery to protect the integrity of the pa capsule ensure a minimally invasive and successful surgery.

Journal: World journal of clinical cases (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Multilevel population and socioeconomic variation in health insurance coverage in India.

S this study explores population-level variation in different types of health insurance coverage in india.We aimed to estimate the extent to which contextual factors at community, district, and state levels may contribute to place-based inequalities in coverage after accounting for household-level socioeconomic factors.Methods we used data from the 2015-2016 national family health survey in india, which provides the most recent and comprehensive information available on reports of different types of household health insurance coverage.We used multilevel regression models to estimate the relative contribution of different population levels to variation in coverage by national, state, and private health insurance schemes.Results among 601,509 households in india, 29% reported having coverage in 2015-2016.Variation in each type of coverage existed between population levels before and after adjusting for differences in the distribution of household socioeconomic and demographic factors.For example, the state level accounted for 36% of variation in national scheme coverage and 41% of variation in state scheme coverage after adjusting for household characteristics.In contrast, the community level was the largest contextual source of variation in private insurance coverage (accounting for 24%).Each type of coverage was associated with higher socioeconomic status and urban location.Conclusions contextual factors at community, district, and state levels contribute to variation in household health insurance coverage even after accounting for socioeconomic and demographic factors.Opportunities exist to reduce disparities in coverage by focusing on drivers of place-based differences at multiple population levels.Future research should assess whether new insurance schemes exacerbate or reduce place-based disparities in coverage.

Journal: Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cell size homeostasis under the circadian regulation of cell division in cyanobacteria.

Bacterial cells maintain their characteristic cell size over many generations.Several rod-shaped bacteria, such as escherichia coli and the cyanobacteria synechococcus elongatus, divide after adding a constant length to their length at birth.Through this division control known as the adder mechanism, perturbation in cell length due to physiological fluctuation decays over generations at a rate of 2-1per cell division.However, previous experiments have shown that the circadian clock in cyanobacteria reduces cell division frequency at a specific time of day under constant light.This circadian gating should modulate the division control by the adder mechanism, but its significance remains unknown.Here we address how the circadian gating affects cell length, doubling time, and cell length stability in cyanobacteria by using mathematical models.We show that a cell subject to circadian gating grows for a long time, and gives birth to elongated daughter cells.These elongated daughter cells grow faster than the previous generation, as elongation speed is proportional to cell length and divide in a short time before the next gating.Hence, the distributions of doubling time and cell length become bimodal, as observed in experimental data.Interestingly, the average doubling time over the population of cells is independent of gating because the extension of doubling time by gating is compensated by its reduction in the subsequent generation.On the other hand, average cell length is increased by gating, suggesting that the circadian clock controls cell length.We then show that the decay rate of perturbation in cell length depends on the ratio of delay in division by the gating τgto the average doubling time τ0as [formula: see text] .We estimated τg≈2.5, τ0≈13.6 hours, and τg/τ0≈0.18 from experimental data, indicating that a long doubling time in cyanobacteria maintains the decay rate similar to that of the adder mechanism.Thus, our analysis suggests that the acquisition of the circadian clock during evolution did not impose a constraint on cell size homeostasis in cyanobacteria.

Journal: Journal of theoretical biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Combined biochar and nitrogen application stimulates enzyme activity and root plasticity.

Biochar (bc) and nitrogen (n) fertilizers are frequently applied to improve soil properties and increase crop productivity.Nonetheless, our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions under single or combined application of bc and n remains incomplete.For the first time, we applied a split-root system to evaluate how bc or n contributes to the changes in soil enzyme activities, n and phosphorus (p) cycling as well as root plasticity.Left and right parts of rhizoboxes were filled with silty-clay loamy soil amended with bc (15 g kg-1soil, from wheat straw, 300 °c), n (0.05 g kno3-n kg-1soil) or a control (no amendments), resulting in the following combinations: bc/control, n/control, bc/n.Soil enzyme activities, available n and p, root morphology and plant biomass were analyzed after plant harvest.Plant biomass (shoot + root) ranged from 0.56 g pot-1(bc/control) to 0.91 g pot-1(bc/n).The decreased soil bulk density and increased p availability in the bc compartment (bc/control and bc/n) stimulated root length by 1.4-1.8 times - an effect that was independent of n availability in the same rhizobox.Biochar stimulated activities of β-glucosidase and leucine aminopeptidase (by 33-39%) compared to n due to the coupling of c, n and p cycles in bc/n treated soil.Nitrogen fertilization also increased β-glucosidase activity compared to the unfertilized control, whereas root elongation remained unaffected.Thus, the combined application of bc/n had more efficient benefits for plant growth than bc or n alone.This is linked with i) the stimulation of enzyme activities at the bc locations to reduce n limitation for both microorganisms and plants, and ii) an increase of fine root production to improve n uptake efficiency.Thus, combined bc/n application is potentially especially sustainable to overcome nutrient limitation as well as to maintain crop productivity because it accelerates root-microbial interactions.

Journal: The Science of the total environment (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
ALDH2C4 regulates cuticle thickness and reduces water loss to promote drought tolerance.

In arabidopsis thaliana, aldh2c4 encodes coniferaldehyde dehydrogenase, which oxidizes coniferaldehyde to ferulic acid.Drought stress is one of the important abiotic stresses affecting plant growth.However, the role of ferulic acid in drought resistance is unknown.To investigate the contribution of ferulic acid to cuticle composition and drought resistance, we used two arabidopsis aldh2c4 mutant lines.Compared with wild-type (wt) leaves, ferulic acid contents were significantly lower (by more than 50 %) in mutants.The mutants also had lower amounts of cutin and wax, primarily due to reductions in c18:2dioic acid and alkanes, respectively.Furthermore, the leaves of the mutant plants exhibited greater rates of water loss and released chlorophyll faster than wt leaves when immersed in 80 % ethanol, indicating a defective cuticle barrier.The growth of aldh2c4 mutants was severely inhibited, and their leaves showed a higher degree of wilting relative to the wt plants under drought conditions.In aldh2c4 complementation lines, the growth inhibition of the mutant plants under drought stress was alleviated.Taken together, our results demonstrate that ferulic acid plays an important role in the composition and structural properties of the cuticle and that a ferulic acid deficiency in the cutin leads to reduced drought tolerance.

Journal: Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Experimental Study on the Manufacturing of Steel Inclined Walls by Directed Energy Deposition Based on Dimensional and 3D Surface Roughness Measurements.

Robotic-directed energy deposition has attracted the attention of the research community and industry as a process capable of producing large metallic parts.The selection of the manufacturing conditions is a critical step in improving the process efficiency and quality of the produced parts.The present work aims at analyzing the geometry and surface topography of walls built using several conditions and inclination angles, without additional supports except for the substrate.The walls were made of aws a5.18.Er70s-6 steel using the wire arc additive manufacturing process.The study used both dimensional and 3d topography measurements to analyze the results.As findings, the travel speed played an important role in the size of the cross-section due to the heat input to the welding zone.Heat accumulation was a critical factor in the size and accuracy of the beads.Moreover, intermediate cooling provided structures with more uniform dimensions, smaller width, and higher layer growth.The inclination of the pieces influenced the width and uniformity of the beads, generating minor imperfections on the downside of the pieces because of gravity.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cu2+-Chelating Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Synergistic Chemotherapy/Chemodynamic Therapy.

In this study, a p h-responsive controlled-release mesoporous silica nanoparticle (msn) formulation was developed.The msns were functionalized with a histidine (his)-tagged targeting peptide (b3int) through an amide bond, and loaded with an anticancer drug (cisplatin (cp)) and a lysosomal destabilization mediator (chloroquine (cq)).Cu2+was then used to seal the pores of the msns via chelation with the his-tag.The resultant nanoparticles showed p h-responsive drug release, and could effectively target tumor cells via the targeting effect of b3int.The presence of cp and cu2+permits reactive oxygen species to be generated inside cells; thus, the chemotherapeutic effect of cp is augmented by chemodynamic therapy.In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the nanoparticles are able to effectively kill tumor cells.An in vivo cancer model revealed that the nanoparticles increase apoptosis in tumor cells, and thereby diminish the tumor volume.No off-target toxicity was noted.It thus appears that the functionalized msns developed in this work have great potential for targeted, synergistic anticancer therapies.

Journal: Pharmaceutics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Colon Microbiocenosis and Its Correction in Patients Receiving Programmed Hemodialysis.

The aim of the investigationwas to study the species composition of colon microbiocenosis in patients with chronic kidney disease receiving programmed hemodialysis treatment and to evaluate the efficacy of its correction using a new immobilized synbiotic.Materials and methods samples of colon microbiota from 62 patients undergoing programmed hemodialysis were studied before and after a course of diet therapy that included probiotic components, in particular, the immobilized synbiotic lb-complex l.Isolation of microorganisms was carried out according to our original method; for bacteria identification, a maldi-tof autoflex speed mass spectrometer (bruker daltonik, germany) was used in the biotyper program mode.The results were assessed using the criteria proposed by the authors and based on the ost 91500.11.0004-2003.The efficacy of the immobilized synbiotic was determined based on the clinical data, questionnaires, and bacteriological tests.Results in patients receiving programmed hemodialysis (before the start of the diet therapy), chronic moderate inflammation and azotemia were found.Dysbiotic changes in microbiocenosis were revealed in all the examined patients; in the absence or suppression of lacto- and bifidoflora, the number and diversity of bacteroides spp.,clostridium spp.,collinsella spp.,eggerthella spp.and other bacteria increased, which was consistent with the theory of functional redundancy of gut microbiota.From the answers to the questionnaires, a decrease in the quality of life was found (up to 70 points out of 100) according to six of the eight scales used.After the combined therapy using the synbiotic lb-complex l in the study group, 56% of the examined patients showed their microbiocenosis restored to normal; no grade iii dysbiosis was detected in any patient.There was a significant decrease in crp and esr in these patients and an improvement in the quality of life by criteria reflecting physical health.Conclusion in patients receiving programmed hemodialysis, the addition of a probiotic component in the diet therapy restores the evolutionarily determined structure of the microbiocenosis, normalizes its functions, and leads to an overall improvement in health and quality of life.

Journal: Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Wireless Power Transmission with Uniform Power Delivery in the 3D Space of the Human Body using Resonators in Parallel.

This paper presents a novel resonance-based multi-coil wireless power transmission (wpt) system for powering implantable devices inside the 3d space of the human body.This design consists of a power amplifier, a transmitter coil, a cluster of resonators in parallel configuration, and a receiver unit, working at 13.56 mhz (the fcc-approved ism-band).The proposed cluster configuration of the resonators in parallel configuration guarantees homogenous electromagnetic fields and uniform wireless power distribution in the 3d space of the body.It localizes the transmitted power at the receiver location naturally by activating the resonators near the receiver.We have modeled the proposed inductive link and the human body with hfss software to optimize the design and study the body's safety by evaluating the specific absorption rate (sar) level.The proposed wpt system is implemented, and the measured results show that the inductive link with multiple resonators in parallel configuration can continuously deliver power, >120 m w, wirelessly inside the 3d space of the human-torso with a power transfer efficiency (pte) of 15%, uniformly.We have also extended the coverage area to the human forearm by paralleling resonators with the resonators in the central body.The power delivered to the load and pte between the resonators on the forearm area are measured >90 m w and ~14%, respectively.

Journal: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Learning to Localize Cross-Anatomy Landmarks in X-Ray Images with a Universal Model.

And impact statement.In this work, we develop a universal anatomical landmark detection model which learns once from multiple datasets corresponding to different anatomical regions.Compared with the conventional model trained on a single dataset, this universal model not only is more light weighted and easier to train but also improves the accuracy of the anatomical landmark location.introduction.The accurate and automatic localization of anatomical landmarks plays an essential role in medical image analysis.However, recent deep learning-based methods only utilize limited data from a single dataset.It is promising and desirable to build a model learned from different regions which harnesses the power of big data.methods.Our model consists of a local network and a global network, which capture local features and global features, respectively.The local network is a fully convolutional network built up with depth-wise separable convolutions, and the global network uses dilated convolution to enlarge the receptive field to model global dependencies.results.We evaluate our model on four 2d x-ray image datasets totaling 1710 images and 72 landmarks in four anatomical regions.Extensive experimental results show that our model improves the detection accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art methods.conclusion.Our model makes the first attempt to train a single network on multiple datasets for landmark detection.Experimental results qualitatively and quantitatively show that our proposed model performs better than other models trained on multiple datasets and even better than models trained on a single dataset separately.

Journal: BME frontiers (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cigarette butts in beach litter: Snapshot of a summer holiday.

Cigarette butts are considered the most common form of personal litter around the world.It is estimated that 5.5 trillion cigarettes are consumed globally each year and that 4.95 trillion are discarded in some natural or anthropic environment around the world.This study evaluated the pollution of urban beaches in the brazilian northeast by cigarette butts in relation to other types of litter.Samplings were conducted in a month of high season (january 2016), at eight heavily used beaches.In the place with the highest concentration of users in each beach, a 200 m transect (3 m width) was established parallel to the water on the most recent strandline.All items >1 cm were counted and classified into categories according to composition (plastic, cigarette butts, wood, glass, metal, paper and organic, such as food leftovers and coconuts) using a standard worksheet.Cigarette butts were considered as an isolated category of litter.A total of 10,880 items was registered.The most abundant items were plastics (44.96%) and cigarette butts (38.36%).Among plastics, the most abundant items were straws, metallic food packaging, sticks (lollipop and popsicle) and cups.Plastic fragments were also abundant in all beaches evaluated, corresponding to 14.5% of the total plastics.

Journal: Marine pollution bulletin (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The Importance of Providing Play and Learning Materials for Children with Physical Disabilities in Saudi Arabia: The Perceptions of Parents.

The purposes of this exploratory, qualitative research are to (a) examine the parental role in providing materials to facilitate learning and play for children with physical disabilities, and (b) identify the difficulties expressed by parents that affect the support provided to their children with physical disabilities.We conducted semi-structured interviews with 21 saudi arabian parents of children with physical disabilities to identify the parental role in providing play and learning materials as well as the challenges identified by parents in providing this support.Parents recommended that they initiate and maintain contact with other parents of children with physical disabilities and with associated organisations.Parents also recommended that teachers welcome parents to be involved in support of their children with physical disabilities, especially in the provision of play and learning materials.The authors conclude that disability awareness programs for peers and staff members may improve physical and psychological health for children with physical disabilities.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A predictive nomogram for two-year growth of CT-indeterminate small pulmonary nodules.

S lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.The optimal management of computed tomography (ct)-indeterminate pulmonary nodules is important.To optimize individualized follow-up strategies, we developed a radiomics nomogram for predicting 2-year growth in case of indeterminate small pulmonary nodules.Methods a total of 215 histopathology-confirmed small pulmonary nodules (21 benign and 194 malignant) in 205 patients with ultra-high-resolution ct (u-hrct) were divided into growth and nongrowth nodules and were randomly allocated to the primary (n = 151) or validation (n = 64) group.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) method was used for radiomics feature selection and radiomics signature determination.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop a radiomics nomogram that integrated the radiomics signature with significant clinical parameters (sex and nodule type).The area under the curve (auc) was applied to assess the predictive performance of the radiomics nomogram.The net benefit of the radiomics nomogram was assessed using a clinical decision curve.Results the radiomics signature and nomogram yielded aucs of 0.892 (95% confidence interval [ci]: 0.843-0.940) and 0.911 (95% ci: 0.867-0.955), respectively, in the primary group and 0.826 (95% ci: 0.727-0.926) and 0.843 (95% ci: 0.749-0.937), respectively, in the validation group.The clinical usefulness of the nomogram was demonstrated by decision curve analysis.Conclusions a radiomics nomogram was developed by integrating the radiomics signature with clinical parameters and was easily used for the individualized prediction of two-year growth in case of ct-indeterminate small pulmonary nodules.Key points • a radiomics nomogram was developed for predicting the two-year growth of ct-indeterminate small pulmonary nodules.• the nomogram integrated a ct-based radiomics signature with clinical parameters and was valuable in developing an individualized follow-up strategy for patients with indeterminate small pulmonary nodules.

Journal: European radiology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial