syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Performance of non-invasive stroke volume variation during passive leg raising as a predictor of hypotension following induction of spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery: a single cohort study.

Spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery is accompanied by hypotension in up to 70% of cases.To date, there is no gold standard for predicting hypotension after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery.The clearsighttm device is a non-invasive system that uses a digital cuff to calculate stroke volume.We hypothesized that stroke volume variation induced with passive leg raising before spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery could predict the occurrence of hypotension.Methods we conducted a prospective observational study, including third trimester parturients undergoing elective cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia.We analyzed the stroke volume variation performance for predicting hypotension.Stroke volume was collected in the semi-recumbent position (baseline) and during passive leg raising before spinal anesthesia.Systolic arterial blood pressure measurement was followed for 15 min after spinal anesthesia.Hypotension was defined as a ≥20% decrease from the baseline measurement.All parturients received appropriate hypotension prophylaxis.Results data from 42 parturients were analyzed.Hypotension occurred in 45%.The area-under-the curve for predicting hypotension using the stroke volume variation was 0.83 (95% ci 0.68 to 0.98; p=0.001).The best cut-off value for predicting hypotension was 7%, having a sensitivity of 87% (95% ci 0.70 to 0.99) and a specificity of 83% (95% ci 0.69 to 0.97).Conclusion in our study of third trimester parturients undergoing cesarean delivery and receiving appropriate hypotension prophylaxis, a digital non-invasive monitoring device of stroke volume variation analysis was useful for predicting the occurrence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia.

Journal: International journal of obstetric anesthesia (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Observational Study
Prediction of knee osteoarthritis progression using radiological descriptors obtained from bone texture analysis and Siamese neural networks: data from OAI and MOST cohorts.

Trabecular bone texture (tbt) analysis has been identified as an imaging biomarker that provides information on trabecular bone changes due to knee osteoarthritis (koa).In parallel with the improvement in medical imaging technologies, machine learning methods have received growing interest in the scientific osteoarthritis community to potentially provide clinicians with prognostic data from conventional knee x-ray datasets, in particular from the osteoarthritis initiative (oai) and the multicenter osteoarthritis study (most) cohorts.Patients and methods this study included 1888 patients from oai and 683 patients from most cohorts.Radiographs were automatically segmented to determine 16 regions of interest.Patients with an early stage of oa risk, with kellgren and lawrence (kl) grade of 1 < kl < 4, were selected.The definition of oa progression was an increase in the oarsi medial joint space narrowing (m jsn) grades over 48 months in oai and 60 months in most.The performance of the tbt-cnn model was evaluated and compared to well-known prediction models using logistic regression.Results the tbt-cnn model was predictive of the jsn progression with an area under the curve (auc) up to 0.75 in oai and 0.81 in most.The predictive ability of the tbt-cnn model was invariant with respect to the acquisition modality or image quality.The prediction models performed significantly better with estimated kl (klprob) grades than those provided by radiologists.Tbt-based models significantly outperformed klprob-based models in most and provided similar performances in oai.In addition, the combined model, when trained in one cohort, was able to predict oa progression in the other cohort.Conclusion the proposed combined model provides a good performance in the prediction of m jsn over 4 to 6 years in patients with relevant koa.Furthermore, the current study presents an important contribution in showing that tbt-based oa prediction models can work with different databases.

Journal: Arthritis research & therapy (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A highly conserved ontogenetic limb allometry and its evolutionary significance in the adaptive radiation ofAnolislizards.

Diversifications often proceed along highly conserved, evolutionary trajectories.These patterns of covariation arise in ontogeny, which raises the possibility that adaptive morphologies are biased towards trait covariations that resemble growth trajectories.Here, we test this prediction in the diverse clade of anolislizards by investigating the covariation of embryonic growth of 13 fore- and hindlimb bones in 15 species, and compare these to the evolutionary covariation of these limb bones across 267anolisspecies.Our results demonstrate that species differences in relative limb length are established already at hatching, and are resulting from both differential growth and differential sizes of cartilaginous anlagen.Multivariate analysis revealed that antillean anolisshare a common ontogenetic allometry that is characterized by positive allometric growth of the long bones relative to metapodial and phalangeal bones.This major axis of ontogenetic allometry in limb bones deviated from the major axis of evolutionary allometry of the antillean anolisand the two clades of mainland anolislizards.These results demonstrate that the remarkable diversification of locomotor specialists in anolislizards are accessible through changes that are largely independent from ontogenetic growth trajectories, and therefore likely to be the result of modifications that manifest at the earliest stages of limb development.

Journal: Proceedings. Biological sciences (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Polypharmacy in Older People With Heart Failure: Roles of the Geriatrician and Pharmacist.

Heart failure (hf) is a common health condition that typically affects older adults.Many people with hf are cared for on an inpatient basis, by noncardiologists, such as acute medical physicians, geriatricians and other physicians.Treatment options for hf are ever increasing, and adherence to guidelines for prognostic therapy contributes to polypharmacy, which is very familiar to clinicians who care for older people.This article explores the recent trials in both hf with reduced ejection fraction and hf with preserved ejection fraction and the limitations of international guidance in their management with respect to older people.In addition, this article discusses the challenge of managing polypharmacy in those with advanced age, and the importance of involving a geriatrician and pharmacist in the hf multidisciplinary team to provide a holistic and person-centred approach to optimisation of hf therapies.

Journal: Cardiac failure review (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
A novel scoring system for acute myeloid leukemia risk assessment based on the expression levels of six genes.

Acute myeloid leukemia (aml) is the most common type of acute leukemia and is a heterogeneous clonal disorder.At present, the pathogenesis of aml and potential methods to effectively prevent aml have become areas of interest in research.In the present study, two messenger ribonucleic acid sequencing datasets of patients with aml were downloaded from the cancer genome atlas and gene expression omnibus databases.The differentially expressed genes (degs) of the poor and good prognosis groups were screened using the linear models for microarray data package, and the prognosis‐related genes were screened using univariate cox regression analysis.A total of 206 significant degs were identified.Following univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis, 14 genes significantly associated with prognosis were screened and six of these genes, including triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (treml2), cysteine‐glutamate transporter (slc7a11), nacht, lrr, and pyd domains‐containing protein 2 (nlrp2), dna damage‐inducible transcript 4 protein (ddit4), lymphocyte‐specific protein 1 (lsp1) and c‐type lectin domain family 11 member a (clec11a), were used to construct model equations for risk assessment.The prognostic scoring system was used to evaluate risk for each patient, and the results showed that patients in the low‐risk group had a longer survival time, compared with those in the high‐risk group (p=9.59e‐06 for the training dataset and p=0.00543 for the validation dataset).A total of eight main kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathways were identified, the top three of which were hematopoietic cell lineage, focal adhesion, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton.Taken together, the results showed that the scoring system established in the present study was credible and that the six genes were identified, which were significantly associated with the risk assessment of aml, offer potential as prognostic biomarkers.These findings may provide clues for further clarifying the pathogenesis of aml.

Journal: International journal of molecular medicine (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Mapping the human corticoreticular pathway with multimodal delineation of the gigantocellular reticular nucleus and high-resolution diffusion tractography.

The corticoreticular pathway (crp) is a major motor tract that transmits cortical input to the reticular formation motor nuclei and may be an important mediator of motor recovery after central nervous system damage.However, its cortical origins, trajectory and laterality are incompletely understood in humans.This study aimed to map the human crp and generate an average crp template in standard mri space.Following recently established guidelines, we manually delineated the primary reticular formation motor nucleus (gigantocellular reticular nucleus [grn]) using several group-mean mri contrasts from the human connectome project (hcp).Crp tractography was then performed with hcp diffusion-weighted mri data (n = 1065) by selecting diffusion streamlines that reached both the cortex and grn.Corticospinal tract (cst) tractography was also performed for comparison.Results suggest that the human crp has widespread origins, which overlap with the cst across most of the motor cortex and include additional exclusive inputs from the medial and anterior prefrontal cortices.The estimated crp projected through the anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsule before partially decussating in the midbrain tegmentum and converging bilaterally on the pontomedullary reticular formation.Thus, the crp trajectory appears to partially overlap the cst, while being more distributed and anteromedial to the cst in the cerebrum before moving posterior to the cst in the brainstem.These findings have important implications for neurophysiologic testing, cortical stimulation and movement recovery after brain lesions.We expect that our grn and tract maps will also facilitate future crp research.

Journal: Journal of the neurological sciences (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Suppressive Effects of Anisomycin on the Proliferation of B16 Mouse Melanoma CellsIn Vitro.

Anisomycin, a potential anticancer therapeutic drug, exerts an antitumor effect on melanoma cells at a lower concentration than that required for other cancer cells.However, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear.Materials and methods the sensitivity to and cytotoxicity of anisomycin, as well as the effects of anisomycin on glucose metabolism and relative m rna expression of senescence- and cancer-associated genes, were studied using b16 mouse melanoma cells.Results the viability of anisomycin-treated cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, and the growth of cell spheroids was suppressed by 50 n m anisomycin.Glucose metabolism was reduced by anisomycin treatment, and the m rna expression of genes responsible for growth inhibition, such as p21, p53 and txnip was upregulated.Conclusion the results suggest that anisomycin may be a promising future anticancer drug that is effective at low concentrations against melanoma by reducing glucose metabolism, causing cell senescence-like phenomena.

Journal: Anticancer research (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Comparison of Fluorescein Angiography Findings in Stage 3 Retinopathy of Prematurity in Zone II Treated With or Without Anti-VEGF.

To define late-stage fluorescein angiography (fa) findings in patients who received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) agents (intravitreal bevacizumab or aflibercept) as a treatment for stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity (rop) in zone ii.We also compared the findings of untreated eyes.Method infants with a history of rop who underwent fluorescein angiography were evaluated retrospectively.The patients were divided into 2 groups: those who received anti-vegf treatment and those who regressed spontaneously without treatment.Vascular abnormalities, such as vascular leakage, shunts at the vascular-avascular junction, periarteriolar areas with hypoperfusion, fine branching and blunt termination of the vessels and, were recorded.Results angiography evaluations revealed leakage in the eyes of 27.69% of the infants in the anti-vegf-treated group and in 21.7% of the untreated group (p= .638).Among the abnormal vascular findings in the peripheral retina, the ratios of fine branching and blunt termination, numbers of shunts along the vascular-avascular junction, and sizes of periarteriolar areas of hypoperfusion were significantly larger in the untreated group than in the treated group (p< .05;p< .01).The gestational ages and birth weights were significantly lower (p≤ .05) in infants with vascular findings in both groups.Conclusion vascular abnormalities in the peripheral retina are likely due to the rop itself.Although these abnormalities were detected by fa imaging in both treated and untreated infants with rop, they were significantly less frequent in patients treated with anti-vegf, indicating that anti-vegf treatments have a partially positive effect on the retinal vascularization process.

Journal: European journal of ophthalmology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The effect of the rescue plans and the need for policies to increase economic growth.

This paper evaluates the economic impact of discretionary fiscal and monetary actions taken in the united states during 2020 and 2021.The fiscal actions are the coronavirus aid, relief, and economic security act, or the "cares" act, passed in march 2020; the consolidated appropriations act, passed in december 2020; and the american rescue plan act, passed in march 2021.The paper focuses on the impact of the "economic impact payments" that underlie these fiscal actions.The paper also examines discretionary monetary policy actions taken during the same period.The overall implication is that there is a need to return to policies that increase economic growth and stability, including rules-based fiscal and monetary policy, rather than to continue with these one-time discretionary actions.

Journal: Journal of policy modeling (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Local IL-23 is required for proliferation and retention of skin-resident memory TH17 cells.

The cytokine interleukin-23 (il-23) is critical for development and maintenance of autoimmune inflammation in nonlymphoid tissues; however, the mechanism through which il-23 supports tissue-specific immunity remains unclear.In mice, we found that circulating memory t cells were dispensable for anamnestic protection from candida albicansskin infection, and tissue-resident memory (trm) cell-mediated protection from c.Albicansreinfection required il-23.Administration of anti-il-23 receptor antibody to mice after resolution of primary c.Albicansinfection resulted in loss of cd69+cd103+tissue-resident memory t helper 17 (trm17) cells from skin, and clinical anti-il-23 therapy depleted trm17cells from skin of patients with psoriasis.Il-23 receptor blockade impaired trm17cell proliferation but did not affect apoptosis susceptibility or tissue egress.Il-23 produced by cd301b+myeloid cells was required for trm17maintenance in skin after c.Albicansinfection, and cd301b+cells were necessary for trm17expansion during the development of imiquimod dermatitis.This study demonstrates that locally produced il-23 promotes in situ proliferation of cutaneous trm17cells to support their longevity and function and provides mechanistic insight into the durable efficacy of il-23 blockade in the treatment of psoriasis.

Journal: Science immunology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Are Indoor Cycling Instructors Riding Their Way to Vocal Injury? Acute Effects of a Single Class on Measures of Voice Production.

/hypothesis there is an increased need for vocal education programs in group fitness instructors due to the reported risk of phonotraumatic injury in this population.Most research has focused on aerobics class instructors with limited research detailing the vocal demand response of cycling instruction, specifically.We hypothesized that instruction of a single indoor cycling class would produce evidence of acute vocal fold edema manifested by worsening of acoustic and self-perceptual voice measures and changes in ratings of laryngeal appearance.Study design prospective cohort study.Methods acoustic and self-perceptual voice measures that were potentially sensitive to laryngeal edema were collected from ten cycling instructors (mean age: 31 ± 6.14 years, 3m and 7f) before and after instruction of a typical 45-minute cycling class.Two laryngologists then rated pairs of laryngeal exams from five instructors (mean age: 30 ± 6.22 years, 1m and 4f) on the measure of vocal fold edema using a 10-inch visual analogue scale.Paired t-test comparisons were completed on normalized data to compare pre- and postinstruction.Results majority of acoustic and self-perceptual measures significantly worsened following cycling instruction but the magnitude of change in these measures were small.In terms of laryngeal appearance, no measurable change in vocal fold edema was observed at both time points.Conclusion the vocal demand response to a single cycling class may be insufficient to cause significant vocal fold edema in our cycling instructors.Future research is required to determine the effects of repeated cycling instruction.

Journal: Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Mass balance of metals during the phytoremediation process using Noccaea caerulescens: a pot study.

There are two widely used methods to estimate the time taken for phytoremediation for the removal of the target pollutants, i.e., using the data of metal uptake by the harvested parts of the selected plant or using the decrement in average element content between the beginning and end of the remediation.The latter not only depends on sampling points but is also determined by sampling time because even if the soil is initially perfectly homogenized, plant growth itself heterogenizes the soil as time goes by.In this study, phytoremediation was tested on one homogenized soil obtained from various soil samples taken within an e-waste dismantling and recycling site, and the remediation time for different points of bulk and rhizosphere soil was estimated using the two methods.Phytoremediation efficiency, as assessed by the change in soil metal concentrations over 100 days, widely varied depending on which of the six soil compartments of the pot was sampled, and the standard deviations of cd, zn, pb, and cu increased as the experiment proceeded, indicating the inaccuracy of this method.When applied to rhizosphere soil, this method led to a large overestimation of phytoremediation efficiency for cd and zn, which was 81- and 77-fold that was obtained by measuring the actual amount of metals taken up by noccaea caerulescens.The significant difference between the two methods indicated that the blended soil became heterogeneous during the phytoremediation process because the species extracted metals from different soil parts, manifested by the variation in the metal content.The gap between these two estimation methods decreased when the soil was mixed thoroughly at the end of the experiment.This work shows that calculating the metal decontamination efficiency based on the measurement of the actual amount of metal taken by the plant is more robust than estimating it based on the evolution of soil metal concentration over time.In addition, our study reveals that using n.Caerulescens may not be appropriate in pb- or cu-polluted soil, since this species mobilized these metals but did not extract them.

Journal: Environmental science and pollution research international (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
The leaf senescence-promoting transcription factor AtNAP activates its direct target gene CYTOKININ OXIDASE 3 to facilitate senescence processes by degrading cytokinins.

Cytokinins (cks) are a class of adenine-derived plant hormones that plays pervasive roles in plant growth and development including cell division, morphogenesis, lateral bud outgrowth, leaf expansion and senescence.Cks as a "fountain of youth" prolongs leaf longevity by inhibiting leaf senescence, and therefore must be catabolized for senescence to occur.At nap, a senescence-specific transcription factor has a key role in promoting leaf senescence.The role of at nap in regulating ck catabolism is unknown.Here we report the identification and characterization of at nap-at ckx3 (cytokinin oxidase 3) module by which cks are catabolized during leaf senescence in arabidopsis.Like at nap, at ckx3 is highly upregulated during leaf senescence.When at nap is chemically induced at ckx3 is co-induced; and when at nap is knocked out, the expression of at ckx3 is abolished.At nap physically binds to the cis element of the at ckx3 promoter to direct its expression as revealed by yeast one-hybrid assays and in planta experiments.Leaves of the atckx3 knockout lines have higher ck concentrations and a delayed senescence phenotype compared with those of wt.In contrast, leaves with inducible expression of at ckx3 have lower ck concentrations and exhibit a precocious senescence phenotype compared with wt.This research reveals that at nap transcription factor-at ckx3 module regulates leaf senescence by connecting two antagonist plant hormones abscisic acid and cks.

Journal: Molecular horticulture (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article