syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
The changing pattern of acute spinal referrals during primary and secondary waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction the covid-19 pandemic has had a devastating effect on health systems globally.This led to changes in patient access to healthcare particularly spinal services.This study investigates the impact of the pandemic on the volume of patients being referred to and accessing spinal services during both the first and second waves.Methods all emergency spinal referrals and related hospital attendances to the emergency department in a busy district general hospital were analysed.The data were evaluated at three time points each covering a 3-month period.Data collected included patient demographics, duration and nature of symptoms, reason for referral, clinical and mri findings, length of stay in hospital, any interventions performed and the follow-up plan.Results there were a total of 316 emergency referrals across the three time periods.The number of referrals fell by 15% between the pre-covid-19 period and the first wave.Comparing the first and second waves, the number of referrals was increased by 58%.Comparing the second wave to the pre-covid-19 period, referrals were 34% greater in the second wave (p < 0.005).Conclusion we highlight an increase in referrals to our spinal service during the secondary wave, having fallen during the first wave.We hypothesise that the increase in referrals, despite similar restrictions to the first wave, is a result of changing patterns of behaviour due to the fear of contracting covid during the first wave and difficulty in accessing primary care services in the second wave.

Journal: Musculoskeletal care (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Prevalence of renal abnormalities in chronic HBV infection: the HARPE study.

& aims few data are available on the prevalence of renal abnormalities in chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv)-infected patients.The multicentric cross-sectional harpe study evaluated the prevalence of kidney disease indicators, in chronic hbv surface antigen carriers patients (hbs ag+) with active or inactive infection.Patients and methods two hundred and sixty-eight hbs ag+ adult patients, naïve of any oral antihepatitis b virus treatment were prospectively included over 2 years.Data for renal assessment were collected once from patient files.Univariate tests and multiple linear regressions were performed with the sas software, version 8.02 (sas, inc., cary, nc, usa).Results among the 260 patients analysed, 58% were men, the mean age was 42 ± 14 years, 59.6% were inactive carriers whereas 47 patients, mostly active, were about to start an antiviral therapy.Prevalence of proteinuria, haematuria, glycosuria, uninfectious leukocyturia was 38.1%, 20.6%, 3.9% and 9% respectively.According to the international definition, a total of 64.6% of patients were found to have kidney disease.Diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia were observed, respectively, in 4.6%, 9.2% and 38.8% patients.There were no significant differences in these results within the three subgroups.Conclusion renal abnormalities are highly prevalent in our population and pre-exist before the initiation of any antihepatitis b virus treatment.This emphasizes the need for: (i) a baseline renal evaluation in all hbs antigen-positive patients; (ii) a regular renal monitoring before and during antihepatitis b virus treatment to diagnose and manage renal impairment and adjust antihepatitis b virus treatment doses to renal function when necessary.

Journal: Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver (2015)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A Mechanochemical Route for ZnS Nanocrystals, and Batch Sorting along Size Distribution.

The assistances of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (sdbs) and aging treatment were introduced to further improve the room-temperature mechanochemical synthesis of the quantum-sized zinc sulfide (zn s) nanocrystals.As a result, a green strategy for synthesizing the monodisperse nanocrystals with tunable size and crystallinity was developed, holding convenient, highly efficient and low pollution.Size evolution shows a gradually increasing trend along the aging-temperature.A model that the independent reaction cells constructed by sdbs-wrapped reactant packages (solid state vesicles, ssvs) for the confined growth of zn s nanocrystals was proposed to access the formation mechanism of zn s quantized crystal in a solid-state synthesis system.The band gaps and band-edge luminescent emissions of as-prepared zn s nanocrystals experienced the size-dependent quantum confinement effect, while the trap-state emissions exhibited the lattice integrity-dependence.Furthermore, zn s quantum-sized nanocrystals with narrower size distribution can be obtained by a batch-sorting process through adjusting the centrifugal speed.

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Types of Errors Hiding in Google Scholar Data.

Google scholar (gs) is a free tool that may be used by researchers to analyze citations; find appropriate literature; or evaluate the quality of an author or a contender for tenure, promotion, a faculty position, funding, or research grants.Gs has become a major bibliographic and citation database.For assessing the literature, databases, such as pub med, psyc info, scopus, and web of science, can be used in place of gs because they are more reliable.The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of citation data collected from gs and provide a comprehensive description of the errors and miscounts identified.For this purpose, 281 documents that cited 2 specific works were retrieved via publish or perish software (po p) and were examined.This work studied the false-positive issue inherent in the analysis of neuroimaging data.The results revealed an unprecedented error rate, with 279 of 281 (99.3%) examined references containing at least one error.Nonacademic documents tended to contain more errors than academic publications (u=5117.0; p<.001).This viewpoint article, based on a case study examining gs data accuracy, shows that gs data not only fail to be accurate but also potentially expose researchers, who would use these data without verification, to substantial biases in their analyses and results.Further work must be conducted to assess the consequences of using gs data extracted by po p.

Journal: Journal of medical Internet research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effect of Immersive Virtual Reality on Post-Baccalaureate Nursing Students' In-Dwelling Urinary Catheter Skill and Learning Satisfaction.

A fundamental skill required from nursing students is how to manage the insertion of in-dwelling urinary catheters, and this skill is a core competency for nurses.However, practice with conventional test models is insufficient for learning this skill and leads to inadequate proficiency among students.To address this problem, this study created an immersive virtual reality (ivr) scheme, based on the theory of situated learning, to simulate clinical situations.Innovative approaches were adopted to design clinical cases, construct three-dimensional environments, design character dialogs, and integrate artificial intelligence voice recognition.The effect of these design elements on students' in-dwelling urinary catheter skills and learning satisfaction was explored.First, nursing experts assessed the quality of the ivr scheme.Over a 4-week period, 43 students in a post-baccalaureate nursing program used conventional test models to practice the management of in-dwelling urinary catheters in female patients, and their learning was supplemented by at least two practice sessions with ivr.Data were collected from in-class observation records, a questionnaire survey on student satisfaction, and focused group interviews.The results showed that the participating students were highly satisfied with the ivr scheme and stated that it provided a pleasurable learning experience and exerted a positive impact on them.The ivr scheme provided situations closely resembling real clinical environments, helping the students to memorize the steps for catheter management.The students also noted that the ivr scheme should incorporate other nursing skills, such as empathetical and solicitous care and patient companionship.This enables nursing students to fulfill their role and care for patients in clinical settings.

Journal: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Hyperglycemia in acute ischemic stroke: physiopathological and therapeutic complexity.

Diabetes mellitus and associated chronic hyperglycemia enhance the risk of acute ischemic stroke and lead to worsened clinical outcome and increased mortality.However, post-stroke hyperglycemia is also present in a number of non-diabetic patients after acute ischemic stroke, presumably as a stress response.The aim of this review is to summarize the main effects of hyperglycemia when associated to ischemic injury in acute stroke patients, highlighting the clinical and neurological outcomes in these conditions and after the administration of the currently approved pharmacological treatment, i.e.Insulin.The disappointing results of the clinical trials on insulin (including the hypoglycemic events) demand a change of strategy based on more focused therapies.Starting from the comprehensive evaluation of the physiopathological alterations occurring in the ischemic brain during hyperglycemic conditions, the effects of various classes of glucose-lowering drugs are reviewed, such as glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dpp-4 inhibitors and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, in the perspective of overcoming the up-to-date limitations and of evaluating the effectiveness of new potential therapeutic strategies.

Journal: Neural regeneration research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Optimize the number of cycles of induction chemotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis.

There is no conclusive on the optimal number of cycles of induction chemotherapy (ic) with the greatest benefit to patient survival.This study aimed to assess the efficiency and acute toxicities of different cycles of ic for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (la-npc).methods:we reviewed data from patients with la-npc treated with ic plus concurrent chemoradiation (ccrt).Propensity score matching (psm) was applied to match paired patients.After psm, survival outcomes of matched patients were compared between two and three cycles of ic groups.Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis were carried out to identify potentially independent predictors.Treatment-related acute toxicities between the two groups were compared by pearson x2test or fisher's exact test.results:in total, 189 pairs were selected.The median follow-up time was 60 months (range 5 to 126 months).There was no difference between two and three cycles of ic in terms of 5-year overall survival (87.0% vs.89.7%, p = 0.991), distant metastasis-free survival (90.1% vs.86.8%, p = 0.587), locoregional recurrence-free survival (97.0% vs.93.8%, p = 0.488), or progression-free survival (79.4% vs.79.3%, p = 0.896).Multivariate cox analysis showed that t stage, n stage, and clinical stage were independent prognostic factors.Three cycles of ic were associated with a higher incidence of grade 1-2 acute toxicity than two cycles during ic period.conclusion:the efficacy of two cycles of ic achieved similar survival outcomes as three cycles and has a lower incidence of treatment-related acute toxicity.

Journal: Journal of Cancer (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Customized Cochlear Implant Positioning in a Patient With a Low- Grade Glioma: Towards the Best MRI Artifact Management.

To report the personalized decision-making pro- cess adopted for a cochlear implant (ci) candidate requiring magnetic resonance imaging (mri) brain surveillance.Study design clinical capsule report.Setting tertiary academic referral center.Patient a 23-year-old man affected by posttraumatic bilat- eral profound hearing loss, already in radiological follow-up for a suspected small left cuneal low-grade glioma.Interventions a multidisciplinary approach involving preoperative mri simulations and 3d printed (3dp) models aiming to adapt the ci position to facilitate mri brain lesion visibility.Main outcome measures mri visibility and surgical approach.Results preoperative mri scans with the placement of an ultra 3d ci were performed simulating different implant location to assess the brain lesion visibility in mri.Ci was positioned 9 cm away from the external auditory canal with an angle of 90 degrees.To assess the technical feasibility of the surgical procedure, a patient-specific 3dp head model was produced preoperatively.The postoperative course was uneventful, the patient showed a significant benefit from ci, and the brain lesion was highly visible at the mri follow-up.Conclusions the employment of strategies aimed at improving the mri quality in ci recipients still represents a topic requiring attention.Thanks to multidisciplinary team collaboration, in our case, the ci position was successfully determined to allow unhindered mri visibility of a specific intracranial structure.

Journal: Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Alternative trastuzumab dosing strategies in HER2-positive early breast cancer are associated with patient out-of-pocket savings.

Patients with breast cancer frequently experience financial hardship, often due to the high costs of anti-cancer drugs.We sought to develop alternative trastuzumab dosing strategies, compare their pharmacokinetic effectiveness to standard dosing, and assess the expected financial implications of transitioning to them.We extracted clinical data from the records of 135 retrospectively identified patients with her2-positive early breast cancer at a single, urban comprehensive cancer center who were treated with trastuzumab between 2017 and 2019.We performed pharmacokinetic simulations on a range of trastuzumab dose levels and frequencies, assessing efficacy by trough trastuzumab concentration (ctrough) and population and individual likelihoods of ctroughexceeding trastuzumab minimum effective concentration (mec).We performed deterministic financial modeling to estimate the treatment-associated financial savings from alternative dosing strategies.Trastuzumab maintenance doses of 4 mg/kg every 3 weeks (q3w) and 6 mg/kg every 4 weeks (q4w) had nearly identical probabilities of ctroughbeing above mec as standard of care 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks.In the primary financial analysis, both trastuzumab 4 mg/kg q3w and 6 mg/kg q4w were associated with significant drug- and administration-related out-of-pocket cost savings over the duration of therapy, ranging from $765 (neoadjuvant, q4w) to $2791 (adjuvant, q4w).In particular, q4w trastuzumab increased savings related to lost wages and travel cost avoidance.Low-dose and reduced frequency trastuzumab in appropriately selected patients may significantly reduce total drug utilization and meaningfully reduce patient financial toxicity.Prospective clinical trials evaluating low-dose or reduced-frequency administration of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are warranted and needed.

Journal: NPJ breast cancer (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
STAT6 Upregulates NRP1 Expression in Endothelial Cells and Promotes Angiogenesis.

The role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (stat6) in tumor growth has been widely recognized.However, its effects on the regulation of angiogenesis remain unclear.In this study, we found that stat6 promoted angiogenesis, possibly by increasing the expression of neuropilin-1 (nrp1) in endothelial cells (ecs).Both stat6 inhibitor (as1517499) and stat6 si rna reduced ec proliferation, migration, and tube-formation, accompanied by downregulation of nrp1, an angiogenesis regulator.Furthermore, il-13 induced activation of stat6 and then increased nrp1 expression in ecs.Il-13-induced ec migration and tube formation were inhibited by nrp1 si rna.Luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that stat6 could directly bind to human nrp1 promoter and increase the promoter activity.In tumor xenograft models, inhibition of stat6 reduced xenograft growth, tumor angiogenesis, and nrp1 expressionin vivo.Overall, these results clarified the novel mechanism by which stat6 regulates angiogenesis, and suggested that stat6 may be a potential target for anti-angiogenesis therapy.

Journal: Frontiers in oncology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
The mechanism of miR-16-5p protection on LPS-induced A549 cell injury by targeting CXCR3.

To study the effect of mi r-16-5p on lung cancer cell injury and apoptosis, and its mechanism.Methods lps induced lung cancer cell a549 injury; q rt-pcr method was applied to detect the expression of mi r-16-5p and cxcr3 in a549 cells.Con (without lps treatment), lps + mi r-nc group (transfected negative control samples), lps + mi r-16-5p group (transfected mi r-16-5p mimics); lps + si-nc group (transfected negative control samples), lps + si-cxcr3 group (transfected si-cxcr3); lps + mi r-16-5p + pc dna3.1 group (co-transfected mi r-16-5p mimics and pc dna3.1), lps + mi r-16-5p + pc dna3.1-cxcr3 group (co-transfected mi r-16-5p mimics and pc dna3.1-cxcr3) were transfected into a549 cells by liposome method.Western blot was used to detect protein expression of cxcr3, il-6 and tnf-α in a549 cells; apoptosis of a549 cells was detected by flow cytometry.Results compared with the control group, the expression of mi r-16-5p m rna was significantly decreased in a549 cells in lps group, and the m rna and protein expression of cxcr3 were significantly increased (p < .05).Overexpression of mi r-16-5p and knockdown of cxcr3 both can down-regulated protein expression of il-6 and tnf-α, and up-regulated apoptosis in lps-induced a549 cell; cxcr3 is a target of mi r-16-5p.Overexpression of cxcr3 rescued the protective effect of mi r-16-5p on lps-induced a549 cell injury.Conclusion mi r-16-5p can protect lps-induced a549 cell injury, and its mechanism may be related to the targeted regulation of cxcr3, which could provide a new target for targeted therapy of lung cancer.

Journal: Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Systematic Review - Combining Neuroprotection With Reperfusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Clinical trials of neuroprotection in acute ischemic stroke (ais) have provided disappointing results.Reperfusion may be a necessary condition for positive effects of neuroprotective treatments.This systematic review provides an overview of efficacy of neuroprotective agents in combination with reperfusion therapy in ais.Methods a literature search was performed on the following databases, namely pub med, embase, web of science, cochrane library, emcare.All databases were searched up to september 23rd 2021.All randomized controlled trials in which patients were treated with neuroprotective strategies within 12 h of stroke onset in combination with intravenous thrombolysis (ivt), endovascular therapy (evt), or both were included.Results we screened 1,764 titles/abstracts and included 30 full reports of unique studies with a total of 16,160 patients.In 15 studies neuroprotectants were tested for clinical efficacy, where all patients had to receive reperfusion therapies, either ivt and/or evt.Heterogeneity in reported outcome measures was observed.Treatment was associated with improved clinical outcome for: 1) uric acid in patients treated with evt and ivt, 2) nerinetide in patients who underwent evt without ivt, 3) imatinib in stroke patients treated with ivt with or without evt, 4) remote ischemic perconditioning and ivt, and 5) high-flow normobaric oxygen treatment after evt, with or without ivt.Conclusion studies specifically testing effects of neuroprotective agents in addition to ivt and/or evt are scarce.Future neuroprotection studies should report standardized functional outcome measures and combine neuroprotective agents with reperfusion therapies in ais or aim to include prespecified subgroup analyses for treatment with ivt and/or evt.

Journal: Frontiers in neurology (2022)
Publication types: Systematic Review;Journal Article
Transplantation of Mature Adipocyte-Derived Dedifferentiated Fat Cells Facilitates Periodontal Tissue Regeneration of Class II Furcation Defects in Miniature Pigs.

Adipose tissue is composed mostly of adipocytes that are in contact with capillaries.By using a ceiling culture method based on buoyancy, lipid-free fibroblast-like cells, also known as dedifferentiated fat (dfat) cells, can be separated from mature adipocytes with a large single lipid droplet.Dfat cells can re-establish their active proliferation ability and transdifferentiate into various cell types under appropriate culture conditions.Herein, we sought to compare the regenerative potential of collagen matrix alone (control) with autologous dfat cell-loaded collagen matrix transplantation in adult miniature pigs (microminipigs; mmps).We established and transplanted dfat cells into inflammation-inducing periodontal class ii furcation defects.At 12 weeks after cell transplantation, a marked attachment gain was observed based on the clinical parameters of probing depth (pd) and clinical attachment level (cal).Additionally, micro computed tomography (ct) revealed hard tissue formation in furcation defects of the second premolar.The cemento-enamel junction and alveolar bone crest distance was significantly shorter following transplantation.Moreover, newly formed cellular cementum, well-oriented periodontal ligament-like fibers, and alveolar bone formation were observed via histological analysis.No teratomas were found in the internal organs of recipient mmps.Taken together, these findings suggest that dfat cells can safely enhance periodontal tissue regeneration.

Journal: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Neurology-Psychiatry Interface: Uncommon Presentation of Moyamoya Disease.

Moyamoya disease (mmd) is a rare arteriopathy associated with cerebral ischemia, due to stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery and its branches and primarily presenting with stroke.However, neuropsychiatric symptoms such as acute psychosis, manic symptoms, attention deficits, and behavioral problems are reported in relation to mmd.We describe here a case of an adult female, who presented with headache, easy irritability, and suspiciousness against family members, inability to identify familiar objects and faces, and inability to perform activities easily done earlier.This case appears informative as the presence and excessive importance given to behavioral symptoms lead to substantial delay in her diagnosis.

Journal: Journal of neurosciences in rural practice (2019)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article