syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Additive or subtractive manufacturing of crown patterns used for pressing or casting: A trueness analysis.

S to investigate the effect of subtractive and additive manufacturing techniques on the trueness of crown patterns used for pressing or casting.Material and methods a complete-coverage mandibular right first molar crown was designed in standard tessellation language (stl) format.This stl served as the control (c-stl) and was used to fabricate 30 crown patterns in 3d-printed resin (pr, pro art print wax), millable wax suitable for casting (bw, pro art cad wax blue), and millable wax suitable for pressing (yw, pro art cad wax yellow) (n = 10).Subtractively manufactured patterns were fabricated by using a 5-axis milling unit (progra mill pm7), while 3d-printed patterns were fabricated by using a digital light processing-based 3d printer (progra print pr5; ivoclar vivadent, schaan, liechtenstein).All fabricated patterns were digitized by using an intraoral scanner (cerec primescan sw 5.2) to generate test-stls.C-stl and test-stls were transferred into a 3d analysis software (medit link v 2.4.4).Trueness evaluation was performed at 4 different surfaces (external, intaglio with margin, marginal, and intaglio without margin) and for complete scan meshes (overall) by using the root mean square (rms) method.Data were analyzed with kruskal-wallis and mann-whitney u tests (α = .05).Results rms values varied significantly at all surfaces (p < .001), except for marginal surface (p = .151).Pr had the highest rms values at external surface (p ≤ .007), intaglio surfaces (with (p ≤ .003) and without margin (p ≤ .005)), and overall (p ≤ .01).No significant differences were observed between yw and bw (p ≥ .223).Conclusion patterns fabricated by using subtractive manufacturing exhibited high trueness.The deviation values, in general, were small, particularly at intaglio and marginal surfaces; thus, clinical difference in crown-fit may be negligible using additive or subtractive technique.Clinical significance the fit of definitive crowns may be similar when tested crown patterns are additively or subtractively manufactured.However, crowns fabricated by using tested 3d-printed resin patterns may require more chairside adjustments compared with those fabricated by using subtractively manufactured wax patterns.

Journal: Journal of dentistry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Dissecting Fc signatures of protection in neonates following maternal influenza vaccination in a placebo-controlled trial.

Influenza is an important cause of illness and morbidity for infants.Seasonal influenza vaccination during pregnancy aims to provide protection to mothers, but it can also provide immunity to infants.The precise influence of maternal vaccination on immunity in infants and how vaccine-elicited antibodies provide protection in some but not all infants is incompletely understood.We comprehensively profiled the transfer of functional antibodies and defined humoral factors contributing to immunity against influenza in a clinical trial of maternal influenza vaccination.Influenza-specific antibody subclass levels, fc ɣ receptor (fcgr) binding levels, and antibody-dependent innate immune functions were all profiled in the mothers during pregnancy and at birth, as well as in cord blood.Vaccination increased influenza-specific antibody levels, antibody binding to fcgr, and specific antibody-dependent innate immune functions in both maternal and cord blood, with fcgr binding most enhanced via vaccination.Influenza-specific fcgr binding levels were lower in cord blood of infants who subsequently developed influenza infection.Collectively these data suggest that in addition to increased antibody amounts, the selective transfer of fcgr-binding antibodies contributes to the protective immune response in infants against influenza.

Journal: Cell reports (2022)
Publication types: Clinical Trial;Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Prefrontal hyperactivation during dual-task walking related to apathy symptoms in older individuals.

Increasing evidence associates apathy with worsening in cognitive performance and greater risk of dementia, in both clinical and healthy older populations.In older adults with neurocognitive disorders, apathy has also been related to specific fronto-subcortical structural abnormalities, thus differentiating apathy and major depressive disorder.Yet, the neural mechanisms associated with apathy in healthy older adults are still unclear.In the present study, we investigated the frontal cortical response during a dual-task walking paradigm in forty-one healthy older adults with and without apathy symptoms, controlling for depressive symptoms.The dual-task walking paradigm included a single cognitive task (2-back), a single motor task (walking), and a dual-task condition (2-back whilst walking).The cortical response was measured by means of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (f nirs).The results revealed that participants with apathy symptoms showed greater activation of subregions of the prefrontal cortex and of the premotor cortex compared to healthy controls during the single cognitive component of the dual-task paradigm, whilst cognitive performance was equivalent between groups.Moreover, increased cortical response during the cognitive task was associated with higher odds of exhibiting apathy symptoms, independently of depressive symptoms.These findings suggest that apathy may be related to differential brain activation patterns in healthy older individuals and are in line with previous evidence of the distinctiveness between apathy and depression.Future research may explore the long-term effects of apathy on the cortical response in healthy older adults.

Journal: PloS one (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Simultaneous Dechlorination and Advanced Oxidation Using Electrically Conductive Carbon Nanotube Membranes.

Electrically conductive membranes have shown significant promise in combining conventional separations with in situ contaminant oxidation, but little has been done to consider chlorine removal.This study demonstrates the simultaneous chlorine removal and oxidation of organic compounds during filtration using an electrochemically assisted electrically conductive carbon nanotube (cnt) membrane.As much as 80% of chlorine was removed in the feed by cnt membranes at the initial phase of continuous filtration.The efficacy of these cnt membranes toward chlorine removal was dependent on the mass of cnts within the membranes and the applied pressure to the membranes, indicating the central role of available cnt active sites and sufficient reaction time.Furthermore, the removal mechanism of chlorine by cnts was revealed by studying the degradation of benzoic acid and cyclic voltammetry on the membrane surface.Reactive oxidants were generated by the reductive decomposition of chlorine through the catalytic interaction with cnts.Subsequently, electrical potentials were applied to the cnt membrane surfaces during the filtration of chlorinated feed waters.The simultaneous decomposition of chlorine and oxidation of benzoic acid were significantly enhanced by applying a cathodic current to cnt membranes enabling continuous dechlorination.The cathodic current applied to cnt membranes is believed to regenerate cnt membranes by providing electrons for the reductive decomposition of chlorine.In situ chemical-free dechlorination coupled with membrane filtration offers great opportunity to reducing the environmental impact of desalination, while maximizing the lifetime of reverse osmosis membranes and demonstrating greener approaches available to industrial water treatment.

Journal: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
De novo Mutations in Domestic Cat are Consistent with an Effect of Reproductive Longevity on Both the Rate and Spectrum of Mutations.

The mutation rate is a fundamental evolutionary parameter with direct and appreciable effects on the health and function of individuals.Here, we examine this important parameter in the domestic cat, a beloved companion animal as well as a valuable biomedical model.We estimate a mutation rate of 0.86 × 10-8 per bp per generation for the domestic cat (at an average parental age of 3.8 years).We find evidence for a significant paternal age effect, with more mutations transmitted by older sires.Our analyses suggest that the cat and the human have accrued similar numbers of mutations in the germline before reaching sexual maturity.The per-generation mutation rate in the cat is 28% lower than what has been observed in humans, but is consistent with the shorter generation time in the cat.Using a model of reproductive longevity, which takes into account differences in the reproductive age and time to sexual maturity, we are able to explain much of the difference in per-generation rates between species.We further apply our reproductive longevity model in a novel analysis of mutation spectra and find that the spectrum for the cat resembles the human mutation spectrum at a younger age of reproduction.Together, these results implicate changes in life-history as a driver of mutation rate evolution between species.As the first direct observation of the paternal age effect outside of rodents and primates, our results also suggest a phenomenon that may be universal among mammals.

Journal: Molecular biology and evolution (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Findings of virtual bronchoscopic navigation can predict the diagnostic rate of primary lung cancer by bronchoscopy in patients with peripheral lung lesions.

Despite being minimally invasive, bronchoscopy does not always result in pathological specimens being obtained.Therefore, we investigated whether virtual bronchoscopic navigation (vbn) findings were associated with the rate of diagnosis of primary lung cancer by bronchoscopy in patients with peripheral lung lesions.Methods this study included patients with suspected malignant peripheral lung lesions who underwent bronchoscopy at st.Luke's international hospital between october 2013 and march 2020.Patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer were grouped according to whether their pathology could be diagnosed by bronchoscopy, and their clinical factors were compared.In addition, the distance between the edge of the lesion and the nearest branch ("distance by vbn") was calculated.The distance by vbn and various clinical factors were compared with the diagnostic rates of primary lung cancer.Results the study included 523 patients with 578 lesions.After excluding 55 patients who underwent multiple bronchoscopies, 381 patients were diagnosed with primary lung cancer.The diagnostic rate by bronchoscopy was 71.1% (271/381).Multivariate analysis revealed that the lesion diameter (odds ratio [or] 1.107), distance by vbn (or 0.94) and lesion structure (solid lesion or ground-glass nodule; or 2.988) influenced the risk of a lung cancer diagnosis.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for diagnosis based on lesion diameter and distance by vbn was 0.810.Conclusion the distance by vbn and lesion diameter were predictive of the diagnostic rates of primary lung cancer by bronchoscopy in patients with peripheral lung lesions.

Journal: BMC pulmonary medicine (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Low kappa, narrow bandwidth Si(3)N(4) Bragg gratings.

We investigate three approaches to low perturbation gratings to achieve lower linewidths in filters and semiconductor lasers.The three designs, which are labeled post, sampled, and high order, are duv lithography compatible and were fabricated on 90 nm thick si(3)n(4) strip waveguides.Reflection and transmission spectra measurements show coupling constant, kappa, values ranging from 0.23 cm(‐1) to 1.2 cm(‐1) with fwhm values of 74 pm to 116 pm.We discuss the tradeoffs between these geometries in terms of lowest linewidth, apodization, and curved waveguide layout.These results enable long cavity single mode lasers with k hz level linewidths on a monolithic platform.

Journal: Optics express (2015)
Publication types: Journal Article
Gram-positive bacteriocins: usage as antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine.

Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide spread phenomenon that affects both human and veterinary medicine.This issue has led to a "one health" approach in order to coordinate efforts and set back the development of drug-resistant microbes.In the search for alternatives therapies, bacteriocins or antimicrobial peptides have proven to be effective both in vitro and in vivo for multiples pathogens, even those resistant to many classic antibiotics.Gram-positive bacteriocins have been the most studied to the present.The use of bacteriocins as therapeutically active molecules is limited mainly due to difficulties in production, purification, delivery systems and regulatory approvals.To overcome some of these limitations, biotechnological and nanotechnological approaches are evaluated.Bacteriocins proved to be a good complement for conventional antibiotics therapy.Antimicrobial peptides are nowadays included in the veterinary products such as udder disinfectant for dairy cattle and dermatological medicated wipe for topical use on dogs, cats, and horses.But there are other potential uses to explore in the veterinary field for both companion and production animals.

Journal: Veterinary research communications (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Comparison of the effect of two methods of sucking on pacifier and mother's finger on oral feeding behavior in preterm infants: a randomized clinical trial.

Oral feeding problems will cause long-term hospitalization of the infant and increase the cost of hospitalization.This study aimed to compare the effect of two methods of sucking on pacifier and mother's finger on oral feeding behavior in preterm infants.Methods this single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in the neonatal intensive care unit of babol rouhani hospital, iran.150 preterm infants with the gestational age of 31 to 33 weeks were selected and were divided into three groups of 50 samples using randomized block method, including non-nutritive sucking on mother's finger (a), pacifier (b) and control (c).Infants in groups a and b were stimulated with mother's finger or pacifier three times a day for five minutes before gavage, for ten days exactly.For data collection, demographic characteristics questionnaire and preterm infant breastfeeding behavior scale were used.Results the mean score of breastfeeding behavior in preterm infants in the three groups of a,b,c was 12.34 ± 3.37, 11.00 ± 3.55, 10.40 ± 4.29 respectively, which had a significant difference between the three groups (p = 0.03).The mean rooting score between three groups of a, b, and c was 1.76 ± 0.47, 1.64 ± 0.48, and 1.40 ± 0.90 (p 0.05).The mean time to achieve independent oral feeding between the three groups of a, b, c was 22.12 ± 8.15, 22.54 ± 7.54 and 25.86 ± 7.93 days respectively (p = 0.03), and duration of hospitalization was 25.98 ± 6.78, 27.28 ± 6.20, and 29.36 ± 5.97 days (p = 0.02), which had a significant difference.But there was no significant difference between the two groups of a and b in terms of rooting, sucking, the total score of breastfeeding behavior and time of achieving independent oral feeding (p > 0.05).Conclusion considering the positive effect of these two methods, especially non-nutritive sucking on mother's finger, on increasing oral feeding behaviors, it is recommended to implement these low-cost methods for preterm infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit.Trial registration trial registration: irct, irct20191116045460n1 .Registered 11 january 2020- prospective registered.

Journal: BMC pediatrics (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
A New Nano-Platform of Erythromycin Combined with Ag Nano-Particle ZnO Nano-Structure against Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus.

Nano-particles have been combined with antibiotics in recent studies to overcome multidrug-resistant bacteria.Here, we synthesized a nano-material in which ag nano-particles were assembled with a zn o nano-structure to form an ag-zn o (azo) nano-composite at low temperature.This material was combined with erythromycin (ery), an antibiotic effective towards gram-positive bacteria, using three different approaches (azo + ery (aze) [centrifuged (aze1), used separately after 1-h gap (aze2), without centrifugation (aze3)]) to prepare a nano-antibiotic against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(mrsa).X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of ag nano-particles and zn o nano-structure.The elemental and chemical state of the elements present in the azo nano-composite were assessed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The antibacterial activity of aze samples against both escherichia coliand s.Aureusstrains including mrsa was evaluated in antibacterial and morphological analyses.The aze3 sample showed greater antibacterial activity than the other samples and was comparable to erythromycin.Aze3 was ~20-fold less prone to developing bacterial resistance following multiple exposures to bacteria compared to erythromycin alone.The aze3 nano-composite showed good biocompatibility with 293 human embryonic kidney cells.Our newly synthesized nano-platform antibiotics may be useful against multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacteria.

Journal: Pharmaceutics (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Lung Immune Prognostic Index Could Predict Metastasis in Patients With Osteosarcoma.

The lung immune prognostic index (lipi), composed of serum lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) and the derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (d nlr), is a novel prognostic factor of lung cancer.The prognostic effect of the lipi has never been verified in osteosarcoma.Methods we retrospectively reviewed the osteosarcoma patients with metachronous metastasis from january 2016 to january 2021 in west china hospital.We collected and analyzed the clinical data and constructed the lipi for osteosarcoma.The correlation between the lipi and metastasis was analyzed according to the kaplan-meier method and cox regression analysis with hazard ratios (hrs) and 95% confidence intervals (cis).Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were conducted to clarify the independent risk factors of metastasis.The nomogram model was established by r software, version 4.1.0.Results the area under the curve (auc) and best cutoff value were 0.535 and 91, 0.519, and 5.02, 0.594 and 2.77, 0.569 and 227.14, 0.59 and 158, and 0.607 and 2.05 for alp, lmr, nlr, plr, ldh, and d nlr, respectively.The lipi was composed of ldh and d nlr and showed a larger auc than other hematological factors in the time-dependent operator curve (t-roc).In total, 184 patients, 42 (22.8%), 96 (52.2%), and 46 (25.0%) patients had lipis of good, moderate, and poor, respectively (p< 0.0001).Univariate analysis revealed that pathological fracture, the initial ct report of suspicious nodule, and the nlr, plr, alp, and the lipi were significantly associated with metastasis, and multivariate analysis showed that the initial ct report of suspicious nodule and the plr, alp, and lipi were dependent risk factors for metastasis.Metastatic predictive factors were selected and incorporated into the nomogram construction, including the lipi, alp, plr, initial ct report, and pathological fracture.The c-index of our model was 0.71.According to the calibration plot, this predictive nomogram could accurately predict 3- and 5-year metachronous metastasis.Based on the result of decision curve and clinical impact curve, this predictive nomogram could also help patients obtain significant net benefits.Conclusion we first demonstrated the metastatic predictive effect of the lipi on osteosarcoma.This lipi-based model is useful for clinicians to predict metastasis in osteosarcoma patients and could help conduct timely intervention and facilitate personalized management of osteosarcoma patients.

Journal: Frontiers in surgery (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Dancing with oils - the interaction of lipases with different oil/water interfaces.

The use of enzymes as biocatalysts in industrial applications has received much attention during the last few years.Lipases are widely employed in the food and cosmetic industry, for the synthesis of novel biomaterials and as a greener solution for the treatment of waste cooking oils (wco).The latter topic has been widely explored with the use of enzymes from several origins and types, for the treatment of different used and non-used cooking oils.The experimental conditions of such works are also quite broad, hampering the detailed understanding of the process.In this work we present a detailed characterization of the interaction of several commonly used lipases with different types of vegetal oils and food fats through coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations.First, the molecular details of the oil/water (o/w) mixtures, namely at the o/w interface, are described.The o/w interface was found to be enriched in triglyceride molecules with higher polarity.Then, the interaction of lipases with oil mixtures is characterized from different perspectives, including the identification of the most important protein residues for this process.The lipases from thermomyces lanuginosus (tll), rhizomucor miehei (rml) and candida antarctica (calb) were found to bind to the o/w interface in a manner that makes the protein binding site more available for the oil molecules.These enzymes were also found to efficiently bind to the o/w interface of all oil mixtures, which in addition to reactivity factors, may explain the efficient applicability of these enzymes to a large variety of edible oils and wco.

Journal: Soft matter (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Effects of a bioactive olive pomace extract from Olea europaea on growth performance, gut function, and intestinal microbiota in broiler chickens.

The present study aims to investigate the effects of supplementing broiler diets with a bioactive olive pomace extract (oe) from olea europaea on growth performance, digestibility, gut microbiota, bile acid composition, and immune response.To this end, three hundred and six 1-day-old broiler chickens (ross 308) were housed in floor pens (6 pens/treatment, with 17 birds/pen).Animals were fed with a standard non-medicated starter diet for 21 d, and from 22 to 42 d of age with their respective experimental diet: a negative control with no additives (control), a positive control with 100 ppm of monensin (monensin) and the basal diet supplemented with 750 ppm of an oe (lucta s.a., spain).Feed intake and growth rate were monitored weekly throughout the trial.From 21 to 42 d of age, no significant differences in feed intake were observed among dietary treatments; however, lower average daily gain and higher feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05) was observed in birds fed the control compared to monensin and oe groups.Performance of birds fed oe or monensin was similar throughout the trial.The apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein was higher in birds fed monensin than control treatment (p < 0.05).No significant changes on bacterial composition at a family level were observed in the caeca of birds fed the experimental diets.Moreover, no significant differences on plasma and intestinal bile acid composition were observed among treatments.Birds fed the oe showed a significant decrease of il-8 expression in the ileum (p < 0.05).Additionally, the expression of tgf-β4, and bu-1 was significantly upregulated (p < 0.01) in broilers fed the oe and monensin diets compared to those fed the control.In conclusion, the inclusion of 750 ppm of a bioactive olive pomace extract from olea europaea in broiler chicken diets improved animal growth likely as result of its anti-inflammatory properties.

Journal: Poultry science (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article