syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
A "quasi" confocal droplet reader based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) cytometry for highly-sensitive and contamination-free detection.

Highly-sensitive and contamination-free droplet digital pcr (dd pcr) is an enabling technology and widely needed for accurate quantification of nucleic acid in clinical applications.In this paper, a novel droplet reader was developed by combining a "quasi" confocal laser-induced fluorescence (lif) cytometry with a delicate microfluidic chip design.The droplets with a size of 90 μm was illuminated at an out-of-focus position by two aligned laser beams to generate maximum fluorescent signal.Additionally, the lateral offset position of the microfluidic chip should be precisely tuned so that the bandwidth of the fam and vic channels were configured at the matching sizes.Then, pmt gain voltages and pneumatic pressures were optimized for better droplet detection efficiencies.An aerosol adsorption experiment was performed to demonstrate that there was no aerosol contamination, and detected copy numbers of both mutants and wild types scaled linearly with the expected input copy numbers (r2>0.998) with a lo b of 0.0 copies and lo d of 3.0 copies.The results demonstrated that this droplet reader with the delicate chip is a convenient, highly-sensitive and contamination-free to detect fluorescence signals inside droplets after dd pcr, which is highly promising for broad applications of dd pcr in clinical diagnosis.

Journal: Talanta (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Nucleus accumbens core acetylcholine receptors modulate the balance of flexible and inflexible cue-directed motivation.

Sign-tracking is a conditioned response where animals interact with reward-predictive cues due to the cues having motivational value, or incentive salience.The nucleus accumbens core (nac) has been implicated in mediating the sign-tracking response.Additionally, acetylcholine (ach) transmission throughout the striatum has been attributed to both incentive motivation and behavioral flexibility.Here, we demonstrate a role for nac ach receptors in the flexibility of sign-tracking.Sign-tracking animals were exposed to an omission contingency, in which vigorous sign-tracking was punished by reward omission.Animals rapidly adjusted their behavior, but they maintained sign-tracking in a less vigorous manner that did not cancel reward.Within this context of sign-tracking being persistent yet flexible in structure, blockade of nac nicotinic receptors (n ach rs) led to a persistence in the initial sign-tracking response during omission followed by a period of change in the makeup of sign-tracking, whereas blockade of muscarinic receptors (m ach rs) oppositely enhanced the omission-related development of the new sign-tracking behaviors.Later, once omission learning had occurred, n ach r blockade uniquely led to reduced sign-tracking and elevated reward-directed behaviors instead.These results indicate that nac ach receptors have opposing roles in maintaining learned patterns of sign-tracking, with n ach rs having a special involvement in regulating the structure of the sign-tracking response.

Journal: Scientific reports (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave for post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.

Post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome (psshs) is one of the most common sequelae in patients with stroke.Previous studies have reported that extracorporeal shock wave (epsw) has been used to treat this condition effectively.However, its conclusions are still inconsistent.Therefore, this study will provide evidence to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of epsw for the treatment of psshs.Methods we will comprehensively search relevant randomized controlled trials (rcts) assessing the effectiveness and safety of epsw for the treatment of psshs in the following databases from their start to february 1, 2020 without language and publication date limitations: cochrane library, medline, embase, cinahl, web of science, psyc info, chinese biomedical literature database, and china national knowledge infrastructure.For trials that meet all inclusion criteria, 2 researchers will independently extract the data from them and appraise study quality by cochrane risk of bias.Any differences will be solved by discussion with the help of another researcher.All data will be performed and analyzed using rev man 5.3 software.Results we will summarize up-to-date high quality rcts to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of epsw for the treatment of psshs.Conclusions this study will provide a comprehensive evidence summary to determine whether epsw is effective and safety for the treatment of psshs or not.Prospero registration number prospero crd42020175630.

Journal: Medicine (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
The differences of serum lipid profiles between primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

The data on lipid profile differences between primary aldosteronism (pa) and essential hypertension (eh) patients are inconsistent and inconclusive.Most studies reported lower levels of lipid profiles in pa than in eh.This meta-analysis aimed to explore differences in serum lipid profiles including triglyceride (tg), total cholesterol (tc), ldl and hdl levels in pa patients and eh patients.Methods a search of published studies was performed using pub med, embase and scopus databases from their inception through august 2022.Thirty studies involving 11,175 patients were identified.Inclusion criteria included 1) observational studies which contained data on any of the lipid profiles of interest (tg, tc, ldl and hdl) which could be acquired from baseline data or the outcomes, 2) data which should be compared between adult pa and eh patients and 3) the use of appropriate methods to diagnose pa.Standardized mean difference (smd) with a 95% confidence interval (95% ci) was calculated to assess effect size by using stata program version 15.0.Risk of bias was assessed by joanna briggs institute (jbi) critical appraisal tools for cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies.Results levels of the lipid parameters tg (smd - 0.16 mmol/l; 95%ci (- 0.25, - 0.07)), tc (smd - 0.30 mmol/l; 95%ci (- 0.41, - 0.19)) and ldl (smd - 0.17 mmol/l; 95%ci (- 0.27, - 0.08)) were significantly lower in pa than in eh patients.There was no statistically significant difference in hdl between pa and eh patients (smd - 0.08 mmol/l; 96%ci (- 0.23,0.07)).High levels of heterogeneity for tg, tc, hdl and ldl were observed in all studies.Risk of bias among the studies was low to moderate.Conclusion lower levels of tg, tc and ldl were observed in pa than in eh patients.Further study should be conducted to address the underlying mechanisms of lipid alteration in pa.

Journal: BMC endocrine disorders (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis;Systematic Review
Effect of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling on supercurrent rectification and magnetochiral anisotropy of ballistic Josephson junctions.

Simultaneous breaking of inversion- and time-reversal symmetry in josephson junction (jj) leads to a possible violation of the i(φ) = -i(-φ) equality for the current-phase relation.This is known as anomalous josephson effect and it produces a phase shiftφ0in sinusoidal current-phase relations.In ballistic jjs with non-sinusoidal current phase relation the observed phenomenology is much richer, including the supercurrent diode effect and the magnetochiral anisotropy (mca) of josephson inductance.In this work, we present measurements of both effects on arrays of jjs defined on epitaxial al/in as heterostructures.We show that the orientation of the current with respect to the lattice affects the mca, possibly as the result of a finite dresselhaus component.In addition, we show that the two-fold symmetry of the josephson inductance reflects in the activation energy for phase slips.

Journal: Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Zfhx3 modulates retinal sensitivity and circadian responses to light.

Mutations in transcription factors often exhibit pleiotropic effects related to their complex expression patterns and multiple regulatory targets.One such mutation in the zinc finger homeobox 3 (zfhx3) transcription factor, short circuit (sci, zfhx3sci/+), is associated with significant circadian deficits in mice.However, given evidence of its retinal expression, we set out to establish the effects of the mutation on retinal function using molecular, cellular, behavioral and electrophysiological measures.Immunohistochemistry confirms the expression of zfhx3 in multiple retinal cell types, including gabaergic amacrine cells and retinal ganglion cells including intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ip rgcs).Zfhx3sci/+mutants display reduced light responsiveness in locomotor activity and circadian entrainment, relatively normal electroretinogram and optomotor responses but exhibit an unexpected pupillary reflex phenotype with markedly increased sensitivity.Furthermore, multiple electrode array recordings of zfhx3sci/+retina show an increased sensitivity of ip rgc light responses.

Journal: FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The clinical utility of cfRNA for disease detection and surveillance: A proof of concept study in non-small cell lung cancer.

Ct scans are used in routine clinical practice for the diagnosis and treatment surveillance of non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc).However, more sensitive methods are desirable.Liquid biopsy analyses of rna and dna can offer more sensitive diagnostic approaches.Cell-free rna (cf rna) has been described in several malignancies, but its clinical utility has not previously been explored.Methods we evaluated the clinical utility of cf rna for early detection and surveillance of tumor disease in a proof-of-concept study.Using real-time-droplet digital polymerase chain reaction we characterized a candidate transcript (morf4l2) in plasma samples from 41 advanced stage, 38 early stage nsclc and 39 healthy samples.We compared its diagnostic performance with tumor markers and evaluated its utility for disease monitoring.Results morf4l2 cf rna was more abundant in patients than in healthy donors (p < 0.0001).Using the youden index approach (cutoff value of 537 copies/ml was established) with a sensitivity of 0.73 (95% ci: 0.61-0.82) and a specificity of 0.87 (95% ci: 0.73-0.96).Positive and negative predictive values of 0.92 (95% ci: 0.83-0.95) and 0.59 (95% ci: 0.47-0.83) were achieved.Combination of cf rna and cyfra21-1 improved its predictive value from 89.5% to 94.7%.Low baseline morf4l2 levels were associated with better overall survival (hr:0.25, 95% ci: 0.09-0.7, p = 0.009) and progression-free survival for patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (p = 0.011) and chemotherapy (p = 0.019).Morf4l2 profile between baseline and follow-up mirrored radiological response and tumor dynamics better than tumor markers.Cf rna transcripts allowed monitoring tumor dynamics in patients without tumor-reported genetic alterations.Conclusion our data support clinical utility of cf rna for detection and surveillance of nsclc.Further studies with larger cohorts are required.

Journal: Thoracic cancer (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The effect of policies regulating tobacco consumption on smoking initiation and cessation in Spain: is it equal across socioeconomic groups?

In spain, the law 28/2005, which came into effect on january 2006, was a turning point in smoking regulation and prevention, serving as a guarantee for the progress of future strategies in the direction marked by international organizations.It is expected that this regulatory policy should benefit relatively more to lower socioeconomic groups, thus contributing to a reduction in socioeconomic health inequalities.This research analyzes the effect of tobacco regulation in spain, under law 28/2005, on the initiation and cessation of tobacco consumption, and whether this effect has been unequal across distinct socioeconomic levels.Methods micro-data from the national health survey in its 2006 and 2011 editions are used (study numbers: 4382 and 5389 respectively; inventory of statistical operations (iso) code: 54009), with a sample size of approximately 24,000 households divided into 2,000 census areas.This allows individuals' tobacco consumption records to be reconstructed over five years before the initiation of each survey, as well as identifying those individuals that started or stopped smoking.The methodology is based on "time to event analysis".Cox's proportional hazard models are adapted to show the effects of a set of explanatory variables on the conditional probability of change in tobacco consumption: initiation as a daily smoker by young people or the cessation of daily smoking by adults.Results initiation rates among young people went from 25% (95% confidence interval (ci), 23-27) to 19% (95% ci, 17-21) following the implementation of the law, and the change in cessation rates among smokers was even greater, with rates increasing from 12% (95% ci, 11-13) to 20% (95% ci, 19-21).However, this effect has not been equal by socioeconomic groups as shown by relative risks.Before the regulation policy, social class was not a statistically significant factor in the initiation of daily smoking (p> 0.05); however, following the implementation of the law, young people belonging to social classes iv-v and vi had a relative risk of starting smoking 63% (p= 0.03) and 82% (p= 0.02) higher than young people of higher social classes i-ii.On the other hand, lower social class also means a lower probability of smoking cessation; however, the relative risk of cessation for a smoker belonging to a household of social class vi (compared to classes i-ii) went from 24% (p< 0.001) lower before the law to 33% (p< 0.001) lower following the law's implementation.Conclusion law 28/2005 has been effective, as after its promulgation there has been a decrease in the rate of smoking initiation among young people and an increase in the rate of cessation among adult smokers.However, this effect has not been equal by socioeconomic groups, favoring relatively more to those individuals belonging to higher social classes.

Journal: Tobacco induced diseases (2017)
Publication types: Journal Article
Novel Wastewater Treatment by Using Newly Prepared Green Seaweed-Zeolite Nanocomposite.

A dependent step-by-step study that included experimental and field study was applied to explore the simplest and most effective system that could be applied for adsorption of congo red (cr) dye from the effluent of wastewater that comes out from different industries.Zeolite (z) surface and pores were subjected to a modification process using green seaweed (gs) algae.Thereafter, each z, gs, and composite from both were evaluated based on the adsorption efficacy to clean up cr dyes from aqueous solutions.A wet impregnation method was followed to fabricate the zeolite/algae (zgs) nanocomposite which was characterized using the most appropriate characterization techniques.Batch experiments were selected to be the method of choice in order to follow up the performance of the adsorption process versus different practical variables.Moreover, dye adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated as well.At lowered concentrations of cr, the novel nanocomposite zgs revealed more efficacy than its counterparts, z and gs, in terms of the adsorption capacity.The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 8.10, 10.30, and 19.70 mg/g for z, gs, and zgs, respectively.Laboratory tests confirmed that the novel nanocomposite zgs could be introduced as a new and economical nanoadsorbent to capture and remove negatively charged dyes from wastewater effluents that come out from industries at lower concentrations of cr dye and analogous compounds.The dye adsorption on gs, z, and zgs coincide with the pseudo-first, langmuir isotherm, and second-order models.Evaluation for the sorption mechanism was conducted using a diffusion model known as weber's intraparticle.Depending on the last findings, field experiments on removing dyes from industrial wastewater revealed optimistic findings as the efficiency of our modern and eco-friendly nanoadsorbent reached 91.11%, which helps in the reuse of industrial wastewater.

Journal: ACS omega (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Screening for Low-Tract Genital Infections in Women with Threatened Preterm Labor: Which Role?

S the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between cultural specimens and preterm birth in women admitted for threatened preterm labor.Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and antenatal hospitalization; several risk factors including intrauterine infections have been identified, but its real causes remain poorly understood.Design this is a retrospective, multicenter, cohort study including 250 women admitted for threatened preterm labor.Methods, participants/materials, setting: all women admitted for threatened preterm labor, i.e., presenting with cervical changes and uterine activity before 37 weeks at the obstetrics unit of the hospitals of modena, monza, carate, and vimercate were included in the study.We excluded twin pregnancies and cases with preterm premature rupture of membranes at admission.Data about maternal history, pregnancy complications, cervical length, vaginal swabs, and urine culture at admission and gestational age at delivery were collected from clinical records in order to compare the incidence of preterm birth according to some known risk factors, cervical length, and microbiological test at admission.Results 250 women were included in the study; preterm birth at less than 37 weeks occurred in 44.4% women admitted for threatened preterm labor.The incidence of preterm birth was not different between those with a positive or a negative vaginal swab (48.3 vs.38.4%, p = 0.22) or positive versus negative urine culture (31.8 vs.42.1%, p = 0.23) at admission.A shorter cervical length at admission was found in women with subsequent preterm birth (17 vs.19.5 mm, p = 0.03).Cervical length <15 mm (or 1.82, 95% ci: 1.03-3.23, p = 0.039) predicted the risk of preterm birth.Furthermore, only the history of a previous preterm birth (p = 0.02) and a previous uterine curettage (p = 0.045) was associated with preterm birth.Limitations the observational and retrospective nature of the study and its small sample size are important limitations of the study.Moreover, women were not systematically or randomly assigned to the screening for vaginal or urinary infections.Conclusions there is no evidence that the search for vaginal or urinary infections in women admitted for threatened preterm labor is helpful to identify those at increased risk of preterm birth.Although several studies have explored the role of screening for bacterial vaginosis in asymptomatic women and some studies evaluated vaginal or urinary infections in women with preterm birth, none of them focused on the possible role of microbiological specimens as a predictive tool in women admitted for threatened ptl.No association was found in our study, but prospective randomized controlled trials are required to confirm the results of this observation.

Journal: Gynecologic and obstetric investigation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study
An improved strategy for effectively managing the transboundary movement of waste based on the basel convention: A case study in South Korea.

Despite the efforts made to minimize the illegal trafficking of hazardous waste and prevent environmental pollution worldwide in accordance with the 1989 basel convention (bc), the illegal transboundary movement of waste and associated environmental pollution are ongoing.This study proposes a three-stage theoretical approach to effectively managing this waste.In stage one, the convention, including its 2019 revisions, stipulates six primary requirements: clear declaration, hazardous waste, onsite inspection, responsibility, transport management, and final disposal after import.In stage two, the export and import management system is divided into four facets: customs preprocessing, customs processing, follow-up, and law.The challenges are presented of how to align the waste disposal with the basel convention's main requirements.Stage three presents a discussion of the effectiveness of the countermeasures derived in stage two for disposing of waste both within individual nations and internationally.Then, the theoretical approach was applied to analyzing south korea ministry of environment's act on the transboundary movement of hazardous waste and their disposal (revised in 2017).The strategy was demonstrated to be an improvement, and these study results can be foundational data to newly establish laws or revise existing acts on transboundary movement of waste (tmw) in each country.

Journal: Heliyon (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Level among Renal Transplant Recipients: A Case Report from Nepal.

Globally, sars-co v-2 has caused significant public health burden, mainly in patients with underlying comorbidities including both communicable and noncommunicable diseases.Solid organ transplant recipients under immunesupressive medication are also amongst the high risk group.There is only sparse data on immunity against sars-co v-2 infection among renal transplant recipients.In this case report, we present the level of anti-sars-co v-2 antibody of three kidney transplant recipients after vaccination against covid-19 virus.All three cases had received two doses of oxford-astra zeneca covid-19 vaccine azd1222 (ch ad ox1).Serological analysis showed protective level of circulating antibodies in the blood of all three cases.Although two out of three patients in the study acquired covid-19 infection after immunization, they recovered with mild clinical course.Hence, we conclude that despite immune-suppressed status of transplant recipients, covid-19 vaccination could protect them against severe illness.

Journal: Case reports in urology (2022)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Peri-Implant bone response around porous-surface dental implants: A preclinical meta-analysis.

Introduction thismeta-analysis of relevant animal studies was conducted to assess whether the use of porous-surface implants improves osseointegration compared to the use of non-porous-surface implants.Material and methods an electronic search of pub med (medline) resulted in the selection of ten animal studies (out of 865 publications) for characterization and quality assessment.Risk of bias assessment indicated poor reporting for the majority of studies.The results for bone-implant contact (bic%) and peri-implant bone formation (bf%) were extracted from the eligible studies and used for the meta-analysis.Data for porous-surface implants were compared to those for non-porous-surface implants, which were considered as the controls.Results the random-effects meta-analysis showed that the use of porous-surface implants did not significantly increase overall bic% (mean difference or md: 3.63%; 95% confidence interval or 95% ci: -1.66 to 8.91; p = 0.18), whereas it significantly increased overall bf% (md: 5.43%; ci: 2.20 to 8.67; p = 0.001), as compared to the controls.Conclusion porous-surface implants promote osseointegration with increase in bf%.However, their use shows no significant effect on bic%.Further preclinical and clinical investigations are required to find conclusive evidence on the effect of porous-surface implants.

Journal: The Saudi dental journal (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article