syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Sonothrombolysis in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With Large Vessel Occlusion: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis.

And purpose evidence about the utility of ultrasound-enhanced thrombolysis (sonothrombolysis) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (ais) is conflicting.We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of sonothrombolysis in patients with ais with large vessel occlusion, by analyzing individual patient data of available randomized-controlled clinical trials.Methods we included all available randomized-controlled clinical trials comparing sonothrombolysis with or without addition of microspheres (treatment group) to intravenous thrombolysis alone (control group) in patients with ais with large vessel occlusion.The primary outcome measure was the rate of complete recanalization at 1 to 36 hours following intravenous thrombolysis initiation.We present crude odds ratios (ors) and ors adjusted for the predefined variables of age, sex, baseline stroke severity, systolic blood pressure, and onset-to-treatment time.Results we included 7 randomized controlled clinical trials that enrolled 1102 patients with ais.A total of 138 and 134 confirmed large vessel occlusion patients were randomized to treatment and control groups respectively.Patients randomized to sonothrombolysis had increased odds of complete recanalization compared with patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis alone (40.3% versus 22.4%; or, 2.17 [95% ci, 1.03-4.54]; adjusted or, 2.33 [95% ci, 1.02-5.34]).The likelihood of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was not significantly different between the 2 groups (7.3% versus 3.7%; or, 2.03 [95% ci, 0.68-6.11]; adjusted or, 2.55 [95% ci, 0.76-8.52]).No differences in the likelihood of asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, 3-month favorable functional and 3-month functional independence were documented.Conclusions sonothrombolysis was associated with a nearly 2-fold increase in the odds of complete recanalization compared with intravenous thrombolysis alone in patients with ais with large vessel occlusions.Further study of the safety and efficacy of sonothrombolysis is warranted.

Journal: Stroke (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Meta-Analysis
Effects of prenatal micronutrients supplementation timing on pregnancy-induced hypertension: Secondary analysis of a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

In this secondary analysis of data from a double-blind randomized controlled trial (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: nct00133744) of micronutrient supplementation (multiple micronutrients [mmn], iron-folic acid [ifa] and folic acid [fa] alone), we examined the potential modifying effect of gestational age at enrolment on the association of antenatal supplementation and pregnancy-induced hypertension (pih).We included 18,775 nulliparous pregnant women with mild or no anaemia who were enrolled at 20 weeks of gestation or earlier from five counties of northern china.Women were randomly assigned to receive daily fa, ifa or mmn from enrolment until delivery.We used logistic regression to evaluate the association between pih and timing of micronutrient supplementation.The incidence of pih was statistically significantly lower among women who began mmn supplementation before 12 gestational weeks compared with women who began mmn supplementation at 12 weeks or later (rr = 0.74, 95% ci: 0.60-0.91).A similar protective effect was observed for both early-onset (<28 weeks, rr 0.45, 0.21-0.96) and late-onset of pih (≥28 weeks, rr 0.77, 0.63-0.96).No statistically significant association was observed between pih occurrence and timing of supplementation for fa or ifa.Maternal mmn supplementation and antenatal enrolment during the first trimester of pregnancy appeared to be of importance in preventing both early- and late-onset of pih.

Journal: Maternal & child nutrition (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Targeting Somatostatin Receptors By Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles - Are We Striking Home?

The concept of delivering nanoformulations to desired tissues by means of targeting membrane receptors of high local abundance by ligands anchored to the nanocarrier has gained a lot of attention over the last decade.Currently, there is no unanimous opinion on whether surface functionalization of nanocarriers by targeting ligands translates into any real benefit in terms of pharmacokinetics or treatment outcomes.Having examined the published nanocarriers designed to engage with somatostatin receptors, we realized that in the majority of cases targetability claims were not supported by solid evidence of targeting ligand-targeted receptor coupling, which is the very crux of a targetability concept.Here, we present an approach to characterize targetability of mesoporous silica-based nanocarriers functionalized with ligands of somatostatin receptors.The targetability proof in our case comes from a functional assay based on a genetically-encoded c amp probe, which allows for real-time capture of receptor activation in living cells, triggered by targeting ligands on nanoparticles.We elaborate on the development and validation of the assay, highlighting the power of proper functional tests in the characterization pipeline of targeted nanoformulations.

Journal: Nanotheranostics (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article
Spontaneous rupture of a renal artery pseudoaneurysm in a hemodialysis patient: A case report.

Rationale renal artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare vascular lesion usually caused by trauma or percutaneous urological procedures.Spontaneous rupture of pseudoaneurysms without predisposing events, especially in hemodialysis patients, has rarely been reported.Patient concerns a 25-year-old man receiving maintenance hemodialysis visited the emergency room because of sudden severe right flank pain.He had no history of trauma or urological procedures except for a left renal biopsy to diagnose alport syndrome 10 years prior.Diagnosis contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a right perirenal hematoma with pseudoaneurysms.Interventions on renal angiography, multiple pseudoaneurysms were observed in the right renal artery branches and embolization was performed.Outcomes post-angiography showed no pseudoaneurysms.His abdominal pain improved, and he was discharged 2 weeks after embolization.Lessons when maintenance dialysis patients complain of severe abdominal pain, spontaneous rupture of a renal pseudoaneurysm should be considered as a differential diagnosis, even if the patient has no history of trauma or previous urological procedures.

Journal: Medicine (2021)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Eukarion-134 Attenuates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells.

Maladaptive endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress is associated with modified reactive oxygen species (ros) generation and mitochondrial abnormalities; and is postulated as a potential mechanism involved in muscle weakness in myositis, an acquired autoimmune neuromuscular disease.This study investigates the impact of ros generation in an in vitro model of er stress in skeletal muscle, using the er stress inducer tunicamycin (24 h) in the presence or absence of a superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic eukarion (euk)-134.Tunicamycin induced maladaptive er stress, which was mitigated by euk-134 at the transcriptional level.Er stress promoted mitochondrial dysfunction, described by substantial loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as a reduction in respiratory control ratio, reserve capacity, phosphorylating respiration, and coupling efficiency, which was ameliorated by euk-134.Tunicamycin induced ros-mediated biogenesis and fusion of mitochondria, which, however, had high propensity of fragmentation, accompanied by upregulated m rna levels of fission-related markers.Increased cellular ros generation was observed under er stress that was prevented by euk-134, even though no changes in mitochondrial superoxide were noticeable.These findings suggest that targeting ros generation using euk-134 can amend aspects of er stress-induced changes in mitochondrial dynamics and function, and therefore, in instances of chronic er stress, such as in myositis, quenching ros generation may be a promising therapy for muscle weakness and dysfunction.

Journal: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
Lenvatinib as an Initial Treatment in Patients with Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Beyond Up-To-Seven Criteria and Child-Pugh A Liver Function: A Proof-Of-Concept Study.

Although transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (tace) is the standard of care for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), this is a largely heterogeneous disease that includes a subgroup of patients who do not benefit from tace.The treatment strategy for this subgroup of patients currently remains an unmet need in clinical practice.Here, we performed a proof-of-concept study that lenvatinib may be a more favorable treatment option over tace as an initial treatment in intermediate-stage hcc patients with large or multinodular tumours exceeding the up-to-seven criteria.This proof-of-concept study included 642 consecutive patients with hcc initially treated with lenvatinib or conventional tace (c tace) between january 2006 and december 2018.Of these patients, 176 who received lenvatinib or c tace as an initial treatment and met the eligibility criteria (unresectable, beyond the up-to-seven criteria, no prior tace/systemic therapy, no vascular invasion, no extrahepatic spread and child-pugh a liver function) were selected for the study.Propensity score matching was used to adjust for patient demographics.After propensity-score matching, the outcome of 30 patients prospectively treated with lenvatinib (14 in clinical trials, one in an early access program and 15 in real world settings) and 60 patients treated with c tace as the initial treatment was compared.The change of albumin-bilirubin (albi) score from baseline to the end of treatment were -2.61 to -2.61 for 30 patients in the lenvatinib group (p= 0.254) and -2.66 to -2.09 in the c tace group (p< 0.01), respectively.The lenvatinib group showed a significantly higher objective response rate (73.3% vs.33.3%;p< 0.001) and significantly longer median progression-free survival than the c tace group (16.0 vs.3.0 months;p< 0.001).Overall survival was significantly longer in the lenvatinib group than in the c tace group (37.9 vs.21.3 months; hazard ratio: 0.48,p< 0.01).In patients with large or multinodular intermediate-stage hcc exceeding the up-to-seven criteria with child-pugh a liver function, who usually do not benefit from tace, lenvatinib provides a more favorable outcome than tace.

Journal: Cancers (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
A peculiar chromatographic selectivity of porous graphitic carbon during the separation of dileucine isomers.

Porous graphitic carbon is a versatile stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography which performs especially well for isomeric separations.Shape-sensitivity of the stationary phase is caused by a steric effect when a molecule interacts with a flat carbon surface.It follows that branched, non-flat molecules are eluted much earlier than flat or linear molecules.In this short communication we show that if a molecule has a highly ionizable group, the "shape" of a molecule part which is farther from the ionizable group affects retention much more than the "shape" of a molecule part which is closer to the ionizable group.Dipeptides which consist of tert-leucine and norleucine were used as an example.Basic and acidic eluents were used.Retention strongly depends on whether a norleucine or tert-leucine residual is located near the non-ionized side in an eluent for both basic and acidic eluents.A residual located on the opposite side is less important.To investigate the possible causes of this peculiar retention behavior we compared the retention behavior of these dipeptides for porous graphitic carbon with the behavior for other types of stationary phases and with the calculated physicochemical properties.Strong and complex dependence of elution order on a mobile phase composition is demonstrated.The separation of other dileucine isomers is also considered.The applicability of porous graphitic carbon for the separation of complex mixtures of isomeric peptides is discussed.

Journal: Journal of chromatography. A (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article
What have we learned from BeSt?

How have the long term outcomes of ra improved in the last decade?Methods patients with dmard naïve ra were randomized to 4 treatment strategies: 1.Sequential dmard monotherapy, 2.Step-up combination therapy, 3.Initial combination therapy including prednisone or 4.Including infliximab.Treatment-to-target was aimed at das≤2.4 (three-monthly calculations).Functional ability (haq), radiologic damage progression (sharp/vander heijde score) and overall survival were reported.Results patients in arms 3 and 4 showed earlier clinical improvement.Up to 50% achieved das-remission (<1.6), up to 29% achieved drug free remission.Damage progression was well suppressed (median after 10years in completers 2 shs points), functional ability approached normality (mean haq 0.6).There was no increased mortality (standardized mortality ratio 1.16, 95% ci 0.92-1.46).Conclusions early treatment determines early clinical improvement, treatment-to-target determines long term outcomes.Prevention of relevant radiologic damage progression and disability, drug free remission and normalized survival are realistic goals.

Journal: Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Randomized Controlled Trial;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Radiomics evaluates the EGFR mutation status from the brain metastasis: a multi-center study.

To develop and externally validate habitat-based mri radiomics for preoperative prediction of the egfr mutation status based on brain metastasis (bm) from primary lung adenocarcinoma (la).approach.we retrospectively reviewed 150 and 38 patients from hospital 1 and hospital 2 between january 2017 and december 2021 to form a primary and an external validation cohort, respectively.Radiomics features were calculated from the whole tumor (w), tumor active area (taa) and peritumoral oedema area (poa) in the contrast-enhanced t1-weighted (t1ce) and t2-weighted (t2w) mri image.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was applied to select the most important features and to develop radiomics signatures (rss) based on w (rs-w), taa (rs-taa), poa (rs-poa) and in combination (rs-com).The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (auc) and accuracy analysis were performed to assess the performance of radiomics models.main results.rs-taa and rs-poa outperformed rs-w in terms of auc, acc and sensitivity.The multi-region combined rs-com showed the best prediction performance in the primary validation (aucs, rs-com versus rs-w versus rs-taa versus rs-poa, 0.901 versus 0.699 versus 0.812 versus 0.883) and external validation (aucs, rs-com versus rs-w versus rs-taa versus rs-poa, 0.900 versus 0.637 versus 0.814 versus 0.842) cohort.significance.the developed habitat-based radiomics models can accurately detect the egfr mutation in patients with bm from primary la, and may provide a preoperative basis for personal treatment planning.

Journal: Physics in medicine and biology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Experimental study on the monotonic mechanical behavior of completely decomposed granite soil reinforced by disposable face-mask chips.

In response to the global outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic (covid-19), a staggering amount of personal protective equipment, such as disposable face masks, has been used, leading to the urgent environmental issue.This study evaluates the feasibility of mask chips for the soil reinforcement, through triaxial tests on samples mixed with complete decomposed granite (cdg) and mask chips (0%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 1%, 5% by volume).The experimental results show that adding a moderate volumetric amount of mask chips (0.3%-1%) improves the soil strength, especially under high confining pressure.The optimum volumetric content of mask chips obtained by this study is 0.5%, raising the peak shear strength up to 22.3% under the confining stress of 120 k pa.When the volumetric content of mask chips exceeds the optimum value, the peak shear strength decreases accordingly.A limited amount of mask chips also increases the elastic modulus and makes the volumetric response more dilative.By contrast, excessive mask chips create additional voids and shift the strong soil-mask contacts to weak mask-mask contacts.The laser scanning microscope (lsm) and scanning electron microscope (sem) images on the typical samples demonstrate the microstructure of mask fibers interlocking with soil particles, highly supporting the macro-scale mechanical behavior.

Journal: Journal of cleaner production (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Endosonographic evaluation of the mediastinum through the i-gel O2supraglottic airway device.

Introduction endobronchial ultrasound (ebus) is an endoscopic diagnostic procedure combining flexible fibrobronchoscopy with ultrasound techniques; it allows transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis and staging of mediastinal masses.We present our preliminary experience with the use of the i-gel o2supraglottic airway device for management of ebus procedures.Methods an observational study on 39 patients who underwent ebus under general anesthesia was performed.Airways were managed with i-gel o2by anesthesiologists unfamiliar with it.Data collected included patient characteristics, i-gel o2positioning, mechanical ventilation, procedure, and complications occurring during and after the ebus.Results the i-gel airway was successfully positioned during the first attempt in 34/39 cases (87.2%).No failed positioning was recorded.The ebus scope easily passed through the i-gel in all patients and in 14 (35.6%) cases it was also inserted through the esophagus allowing the examination or fine needle aspiration of paraesophageal lymph nodes.In one case, during the ebus procedure, the i-gel was dislocated but easily put in place again.During ebus, air leakages were significant in 2 cases (5.1%) and minimal in 14 cases (35.9%).A brief self-solved laryngospasm and a bronchospasm during bronchoscopy were recorded.After recovery, no patients had dysphagia; mild odynophagia and pharyngodinia were referred by 2 (5.1%) and 12 (30.1%) patients, respectively.Conclusions the i-gel o2airway is easy to position and manage even for anesthesiologists unfamiliar with it.This supraglottic airway device is suitable for a complete endosonographic evaluation of the mediastinum.

Journal: Tumori (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Implementing a patient decision aid, a process evaluation of a large-scale pre- and post-implementation trial.

Patient decision aids (pt das) have been reported to have a positive influence on patients making a health care decision in trials.Nevertheless, post-trial implementation is poor.The aim of this study is to explore patient, clinician, and organizational success factors for implementing a pt da designed for breast cancer patients, facing a decision on their radiation treatment.Methods we performed a process evaluation within a multi-center pre- and post-implementation trial.The pt da was incorporated as much as possible in the logistics of 13 participating centers.Tracking data were collected on pt da use.Process characteristics were recorded by both clinicians and patients.A logistic regression method was applied to investigate which process characteristics were significantly related to the probability that patients logged in to the pt da.Results 189 patients received the pt da of whom140 (77%) used the pt da.If patients received the link via the surgery department they were more likely to use the pt da (or 9.77 (1.28-74.51)), compared to patients that received the link via the radiation oncology department.If the report of the multidisciplinary team stated that radiation treatment "had to be discussed with the patient", patients were more likely to use the pt da (or 2.29 (1.12-4.71)).Educational level was not related to the probability of pt da use.Conclusions we accomplished a high level of pt da use.Patients were more likely to use the pt da if they received the link via the surgery department and if "to be discussed with the patient" was written in the multidisciplinary team report.

Journal: Breast cancer research and treatment (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Management Strategies for Early-Onset Pulmonary Events Associated with Brigatinib.

Introduction rare cases of early-onset pulmonary events (eopes) occurring within days of the start of administration of brigatinib have been reported (incidence 3%-6% with use of the recommended dose of 90 mg for 7 days and then a 180-mg step-up dosing regimen).Current prescribing information suggests dose interruption and then dose reduction for grade 1 or 2 events and discontinuation for recurrent or higher grade events.However, clinical experience suggests that alternative strategies exist to safely maintain dosing.Methods case vignettes illustrating different eope clinical scenarios were assembled; they included (1) successful treatment through the initial eope, (2) successful rechallenge after the eope, (3) successful rechallenge after the eope with utilization of a shallower step-up regimen, and (4) unsuccessful rechallenge.Results rapid tolerization to eopes within 5 to 8 days may occur with continued dosing, suggesting that dose interruption could be avoided with close observation and temporary supportive care (including supplemental oxygen).If dose interruption occurs, restarting administration of brigatinib at 30 mg, followed by dose increases in 30-mg increments every 3 days to the full dose as tolerated ("shallow step-up dosing") may maximize safety during rechallenge.As compromised baseline respiratory function may increase the rate of clinically apparent eopes, proactive use of shallow step-up dosing could be considered in select cases.Conclusions clinically apparent eopes are a rare complication of brigatinib.They occur within days of starting administration of the drug, with rapid tolerization possible during continued dosing.Adapting the eope nomenclature to include the word transient (teope) may further clinician and patient understanding in distinguishing these events from the pneumonitis seen with other tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Improved education and appropriate supportive care and dosing should allow more patients to maximally and safely benefit from brigatinib.

Journal: Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (2019)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't