syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
Free-space-coupled wavelength-scale disk resonators.

Optical microresonators with low quality factor (q) can be efficiently excited by and scatter freely propagating optical waves, but those with high qtypically cannot.Here, we present a universal model for resonators interacting with freely propagating waves and show that the stored energy of a resonator excited by a plane wave is proportional to the product of its qand directivity.Guided by this result, we devise a microdisk with periodic protrusions in its circumference that couples efficiently to normally incident plane waves.We experimentally demonstrate several microdisk designs, including one with a radius of 0.75λ0and qof 15,000.Our observation of thermally-induced bistability in this resonator at input powers as low as 0.7 m w confirms strong excitation.Their small footprints and mode volumes and the simplicity of their excitation and fabrication make wavelength-scale, free-space-coupled microdisks attractive for sensing, enhancing emission and nonlinearity, and as micro-laser cavities.

Journal: Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
A review of the biological and pharmacological activities of mesalazine or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA): an anti-ulcer and anti-oxidant drug.

Mesalazine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-asa), is a synthetic drug from the family of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) used for inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.However, 5-asa has also been used for various other diseases due to its pharmacological effects, but they are usually scattered across various publications, which may limit further research and clinical use of this drug.This review is a summary of published information on the biological and pharmacological effects of 5-asa with the aim of identifying its anti-oxidant role and medicinal use.5-asa data have been collected from 1987 to february 2021 using major databases such as web of science, pub med, elsevier, wiley online library, springer, google scholar, etc.According to research, the pharmacological and biological effects of 5-asa include treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, and anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-amyloid, gastric protection (gastroprotective), and antidiverticulosis properties.Numerous pharmacological studies have shown that 5-asa is an anti-oxidant and anti-ulcer compound with high therapeutic potential that, if the appropriate dose is discovered, its chemical structure changes and its effectiveness is optimized, 5-asa has been used experimentally for other diseases.

Journal: Inflammopharmacology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Systematic Review
Fluctuations in Seminal Quality throughout the Year: How do Temperature, Humidity and Atmospheric Pressure Impact on Human Sperm Quality?

Most studies evaluating the possible seasonal variation of semen quality have considered temperature as the only causal factor.Aims to assess possible seasonality in sperm quality and associations between semen parameters and several meteorological variables (temperature, humidity, apparent temperature and atmospheric pressure) in a large cohort of andrological patients.Settings and design this was a retrospective, cross-sectional and correlational/descriptive study.Materials and methods patients (n: 15665) were categorised into four groups (summer, winter, spring and autumn) according to the date of assistance at the fertility centre.Daily values of temperature, apparent temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure were provided by the national weather system and were calculated as the average of the 74 days previous to semen collection (spermatogenic cycle).Statistical analysis used as appropriate, the results were analysed by analysis of variance/kruskal-wallis, chi-square test,t-test/mann-whitney, forward conditional regression model and spearman/pearson's correlations.Results we detected seasonality effects on sperm count, total sperm count and total motile sperm count, with the highest values in winter and the lowest in summer.Correlation analysis showed that temperature, apparent temperature and humidity negatively correlated with semen parameters, being humidity the most powerful predictive meteorological variable.Conclusion sperm quality is influenced by seasons; increased environmental temperature and humidity negatively affect semen quality.

Journal: Journal of human reproductive sciences (2023)
Publication types: Journal Article
Assessing the environmental impacts of EU consumption at macro-scale.

Sustainable consumption and production is one of the leading principle towards reducing environmental impacts globally.This study aims at combining environmentally-extended input-output analysis (using exiobase 3) with up-to-date impact assessment models to quantify the environmental impacts induced by final consumption in the eu member states in 2011.The environmental extensions are characterized in 14 environmental impact categories out of the 16 used in the environmental footprint life cycle impact assessment method.A contribution analysis of key products and services as well as emissions and resources, which drive the environmental impacts of eu consumption, is conducted.Environmental impacts are mainly induced along the supply-chain of products and services.Several expenditures relative to services represent large shares both in the total final consumption and in the 14 impacts under study, despite a relatively low impact intensity.Food products, in particular meat and dairy products, are identified as key contributors regarding acidification, eutrophication, land use, and water use, and to a lower extent climate change.Finally, several manufactured products, raw materials and basic products respectively importantly contribute to impacts on human toxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity and resource uses.The total volume of final consumption expenditures per eu member state appears a key explanatory variable to most of the impacts embodied in their consumption, yet to a lower extent regarding water use and fossils resource use.Finally, the current limitations in using exiobase 3 for environmental impact assessment are discussed, with specific attention to exiobase environmental extensions and to the case study on eu consumption.Since the classification of emissions and resources for impact assessment requires a number of assumptions that may influence the results, a sensitivity analysis is performed to exemplify some of the key issues relative to the characterization of impacts based on exiobase environmental extensions.

Journal: Journal of cleaner production (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article
Psychosocial issues and body dysmorphic disorder in aesthetics: Review and debate.

Body dysmorphic disorder (bdd) is a serious and debilitating psychiatric condition that disproportionately presents in dermatologic and cosmetic surgery patients.Bdd is currently underrecognized in cosmetic medical settings and is thought to be underdiagnosed by behavioral health professionals.The significant comorbidities associated with this disorder, as well as potential harm done to both patient and physician, raise ethical and medicolegal concerns regarding its treatment.Although cosmetic interventions have historically been discouraged in bdd, recent studies have provided controversial evidence of benefit in certain cohorts.The rise of "snapchat dysmorphia" and the proposed explanatory phenomenon of perception drift have generated further debate around the de novo development or unmasking of bdd.We critically review and summarize existing debates around the treatment of bdd in cosmetic medicine.We provide guidance for screening, clinical interviewing, and the provision of psychoeducation in cases of suspected bdd.

Journal: Clinics in dermatology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Polysubstance Use Patterns among Outpatients Undergoing Substance Use Disorder Treatment: A Latent Class Analysis.

Substance use disorders (suds) pose significant challenges to both individuals and society at large.The primary focus of existing research with clinical sud populations has been on individual substances, but research is required to better understand the profiles of individuals who use different substances simultaneously.The purpose of the current study was, therefore, to identify patterns of use among subjects (n= 1025) who reported using multiple substances by adopting a latent class analysis (lca) methodology.The addiction severity index (asi-lite) was included as a measure of substance misuse, we performed lca to identify patterns of substance use through the administration of the asi-lite.Responses were collected from the following substances: alcohol, cannabis/cannabinoids, opioids and heroin, and cocaine.Results identified two latent classes: (1) alcohol use dominant, and (2) poly-abuser use dominants.Class 1 represented 60.0% of the sample and refers to individuals with the dominant use of alcohol, of those a higher proportion (47%) reported low-frequency use (1 to 7 days per month) and 26% reported a frequency of use of 24 to 30 days per month.Furthermore, 18% used alcohol in combination with cocaine.Class 2 represents 40.0% of the sample.This class is characterized by low-frequency and high-frequency users of several substances.The results obtained highlight the importance of deepening the study of the concomitant use of substances in individuals with suds to better understand the health risk of the combined use of two or more substances.

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Intractable Cutaneous Nontuberculous Mycobacteriosis (Mycobacterium abscessus) during Treatment for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Mycobacterium abscessus infection tends to occur in patients with an advanced immunocompromised status.We encountered a case of intractable cutaneous m.Abscessus infection that developed in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) during maintenance therapy.A 28-year-old woman developed a fever and redness of the skin on her buttocks.General antibacterial therapy was ineffective, and acid-fast bacteria were detected in the biopsy that was conducted to differentiate the dermal symptoms of sle.The clinical findings eventually improved; however, the symptoms recurred multiple times during treatment.Despite recent advances in sle treatment, m.Abscessus infection remains a considerable complication of sle.

Journal: Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) (2017)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
MiRNA10b-directed nanotherapy effectively targets brain metastases from breast cancer.

Rna interference represents one of the most appealing therapeutic modalities for cancer because of its potency, versatility, and modularity.Because the mechanism is catalytic and affects the expression of disease-causing antigens at the post-transcriptional level, only small amounts of therapeutic need to be delivered to the target in order to exert a robust therapeutic effect.Rna interference is also advantageous over other treatment modalities, such as monoclonal antibodies or small molecules, because it has a much broader array of druggable targets.Finally, the complementarity of the genetic code gives us the opportunity to design rnai therapeutics using computational, rational approaches.Previously, we developed and tested an rnai-targeted therapeutic, termed mn-anti-mi r10b, which was designed to inhibit the critical driver of metastasis and metastatic colonization, mi rna-10b.We showed in animal models of metastatic breast cancer that mn-anti-mi r10b accumulated into tumors and metastases in the lymph nodes, lungs, and bone, following simple intravenous injection.We also found that treatment incorporating mn-anti-mi r10b was effective at inhibiting the emergence of metastases and could regress already established metastases in the lymph nodes, lungs, and bone.In the present study, we extend the application of mn-anti-mi r10b to a model of breast cancer metastatic to the brain.We demonstrate delivery to the metastatic lesions and obtain evidence of a therapeutic effect manifested as inhibition of metastatic progression.This investigation represents an additional step towards translating similar rnai-targeted therapeutics for the systemic treatment of metastatic disease.

Journal: Scientific reports (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Influence of Extracellular Vesicles of the Follicular Fluid on Morphofunctional Characteristics of Human Sperm.

We studied the effect of extracellular vesicles of the follicular fluid on morphofunctional characteristics of human spermatozoa using casa (computer-assisted sperm analysis) analytical system.The vesicles were obtained by sequential centrifugation at different rotational speeds and frozen at -80°c in the sydney ivf gamete buffer medium.The sperm fraction was isolated from the seminal fluid of 21 patients aged 27-36 years by differential centrifugation in a density gradient.The precipitate was suspended in sydney ivf gamete buffer to a concentration of 106/ml and incubated with vesicles (1:2) at 37°c in a co2incubator for 30 min and 1 h.Sperm fraction incubated without vesicles served as the control.After incubation, some sperm samples were centrifuged at 700g for 5 min and fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 m buffer for transmission electron microscopy.After 30-min and 1-h incubation, the progressive and total sperm motility improved, the curvilinear and linear velocity of spermatozoa did not change significantly.Incubation with vesicles significantly changed the trajectory of sperm movement, which can attest to an increase in their hyperactivation and, probably, fertilizing capacity.Analysis of the effect of extracellular vesicles of follicular fluid on sperm motility will help to improve the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technology programs with male infertility factor by improving sperm characteristics in patients with asthenozoospermia and increasing the fertilizing ability of the sperm.

Journal: Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Mucormycosis creeping along the nerves in an immunocompetent individual.

Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection, often life-threatening.We report an unusual case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in an immunocompetent patient.A 23-year-old male presented with headache, speech disturbance and hearing difficulty for 4 weeks.Magnetic resonance imaging (mri) revealed right cerebellar abscess and enhancing soft tissue in the nasal cavity, extending to cranial and infratemporal fossae.Computed tomography (ct) revealed the widening of foramen rotundum and sclerosis involving the sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses.Mr spectroscopy revealed multiple peaks between 3.6 and 3.8 parts per million (ppm) which could represent trehalose.Nasal mucosa scrapings confirmed mucormycosis.Suspicion of a fungal infection needs to be considered even in the absence of immunocompromised status.

Journal: Journal of radiology case reports (2019)
Publication types: Case Reports;Journal Article
Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards face mask use among residents of Greater Chennai Corporation, India, March 2021.

Wearing a mask is one of the simplest ways to reduce the spread of covid-19.Studies reported poor mask compliance in greater chennai corporation, india.Hence, we described the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding mask use among adults (≥18 years) in greater chennai corporation, tamil nadu, india.Methods we conducted a cross-sectional survey among residents of greater chennai corporation in march 2021.We estimated the sample size to be 203 per strata (slum and non-slum).We used a simple random sampling technique to select 20 locations using a digital map in the slum and non-slum areas.After reaching the location chosen, we selected 10 consecutive households and one adult (≥18 years of age) from each household.We used a validated, semi-structured questionnaire for collecting data regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices for mask use.We estimated proportions and 95% ci for key variables and compared the variables between slums and non-slums.Results of 430 participants included in the study, 51.4% were males.The mean (s.d.) age of the participants is 41.1 (14.6) years.The majority (86.7%) of the participants felt that wearing a mask helped in reducing the spread of coronavirus and the knowledge differed (p-value < 0.05) between the slum (81.4%) and non-slum (92.3%).Nearly half (46.5%) of the participants did not like being forced to wear the mask.About 63.9% of the participants reported the practice of mask use while going out which was similar across slums and non-slums.Conclusion although the knowledge regarding mask use was good among the public, the attitude was unfavorable.We suggest continuous reinforcement by spreading awareness and educating the community on the appropriate use of the mask.

Journal: Frontiers in public health (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
The Role of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Pain Signaling.

Acute pain signaling has a key protective role and is highly evolutionarily conserved.Chronic pain, however, is maladaptive, occurring as a consequence of injury and disease, and is associated with sensitization of the somatosensory nervous system.Primary sensory neurons are involved in both of these processes, and the recent advances in understanding sensory transduction and human genetics are the focus of this review.Voltage-gated sodium channels (vgscs) are important determinants of sensory neuron excitability: they are essential for the initial transduction of sensory stimuli, the electrogenesis of the action potential, and neurotransmitter release from sensory neuron terminals.Nav1.1, nav1.6, nav1.7, nav1.8, and nav1.9 are all expressed by adult sensory neurons.The biophysical characteristics of these channels, as well as their unique expression patterns within subtypes of sensory neurons, define their functional role in pain signaling.Changes in the expression of vgscs, as well as posttranslational modifications, contribute to the sensitization of sensory neurons in chronic pain states.Furthermore, gene variants in nav1.7, nav1.8, and nav1.9 have now been linked to human mendelian pain disorders and more recently to common pain disorders such as small-fiber neuropathy.Chronic pain affects one in five of the general population.Given the poor efficacy of current analgesics, the selective expression of particular vgscs in sensory neurons makes these attractive targets for drug discovery.The increasing availability of gene sequencing, combined with structural modeling and electrophysiological analysis of gene variants, also provides the opportunity to better target existing therapies in a personalized manner.

Journal: Physiological reviews (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.;Review
Mechanisms of Scaffold-Mediated Microcompartment Assembly and Size Control.

This article describes a theoretical and computational study of the dynamical assembly of a protein shell around a complex consisting of many cargo molecules and long, flexible scaffold molecules.Our study is motivated by bacterial microcompartments, which are proteinaceous organelles that assemble around a condensed droplet of enzymes and reactants.As in many examples of cytoplasmic liquid-liquid phase separation, condensation of the microcompartment interior cargo is driven by flexible scaffold proteins that have weak multivalent interactions with the cargo.Our results predict that the shell size, amount of encapsulated cargo, and assembly pathways depend sensitively on properties of the scaffold, including its length and valency of scaffold-cargo interactions.Moreover, the ability of self-assembling protein shells to change their size to accommodate scaffold molecules of different lengths depends crucially on whether the spontaneous curvature radius of the protein shell is smaller or larger than a characteristic elastic length scale of the shell.Beyond natural microcompartments, these results have important implications for synthetic biology efforts to target alternative molecules for encapsulation by microcompartments or viral shells.More broadly, the results elucidate how cells exploit coupling between self-assembly and liquid-liquid phase separation to organize their interiors.

Journal: ACS nano (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Structural Diversity of Magnetite and Products of Its Decomposition at Extreme Conditions.

Magnetite, fe3o4, is the oldest known magnetic mineral and archetypal mixed-valence oxide.Despite its recognized role in deep earth processes, the behavior of magnetite at extreme high-pressure high-temperature (hpht) conditions remains insufficiently studied.Here, we report on single-crystal synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiments up to ∼80 gpa and 5000 k in diamond anvil cells, which reveal two previously unknown fe3o4polymorphs, γ-fe3o4with the orthorhombic yb3s4-type structure and δ-fe3o4with the modified th3p4-type structure.The latter has never been predicted for iron compounds.The decomposition of fe3o4at hpht conditions was found to result in the formation of exotic phases, fe5o7and fe25o32, with complex structures.Crystal-chemical analysis of iron oxides suggests the high-spin to low-spin crossover in octahedrally coordinated fe3+in the pressure interval between 43 and 51 gpa.Our experiments demonstrate that hpht conditions promote the formation of ferric-rich fe-o compounds, thus arguing for the possible involvement of magnetite in the deep oxygen cycle.

Journal: Inorganic chemistry (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Autonomic nervous system network and liver regeneration.

To date, various signal transducers, cytokines, growth factors, and hormones have been reported to play an important role in homeostasis of various organs.Various cells and organs are involved in the hepatic regeneration process, which proceeds as a result of the coordination of many factors.While these factors are well known to be involved in the liver regeneration after the liver injury, however, as the details of such mechanisms have not been sufficiently elucidated, the practical applicability of hepatic regeneration based on the action of these and cytokines growth factors is still unclear.In terms of the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in hepatic regeneration, cell proliferation resulting from direct signal transduction to the liver has also been reported and recent studies focusing on the inter-organ communicationvianeural network opened a novel aspect of this field for therapeutic applicability.Therefore, the appropriate understanding of the relationship between autonomic neural network and liver regeneration through various organs including brain, afferent nerve, efferent nerve,etc.Is essential.This mini-review explains the principle of neural system involved in the inter-organ communication and its contribution on the liver regeneration upon the liver injury reviewing recent progress in this field.

Journal: World journal of gastroenterology (2018)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review