syedzayyan/paper_mill_benchmark huggingface dataset:
CSF GFAP levels in double seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: no evidence of astrocyte damage.

Despite rigorous confirmation with reliable assays, some individuals showing the neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (nmosd) phenotype remain negative for both aquaporin-4 (aqp4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (mog) antibodies.Objective we aimed to investigate whether double seronegative nmosd (dn-nmosd) and nmosd with aqp4 antibody (aqp4-nmosd) share the same pathophysiological basis, astrocytopathy, by measurement of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) levels as a marker of astrocyte damage.Methods seventeen participants who (1) satisfied the 2015 diagnostic criteria for nmosd, and (2) tested negative for aqp4 and mog antibodies confirmed with repeated cell-based assays, and (3) had available csf samples obtained at the point of clinical attacks, were enrolled from 4 medical centers (south korea, germany, thailand, and denmark).Thirty age-matched participants with aqp4-nmosd, 17 participants with mog antibody associated disease (mogad), and 15 participants with other neurological disorders (ond) were included as controls.The concentration of csf gfap was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results csf gfap levels in the dn-nmosd group were significantly lower than those in the aqp4-nmosd group (median: 0.49 versus 102.9 ng/m l; p < 0.001), but similar to those in the ond (0.25 ng/m l) and mogad (0.39 ng/m l) control groups.The majority (90% (27/30)) of participants in the aqp4-nmosd group showed significantly higher csf gfap levels than the highest level measured in the ond group, while no participant in the dn-nmosd and mogad groups did.Conclusions these results suggest that dn-nmosd has a different underlying pathogenesis other than astrocytopathy, distinct from aqp4-nmosd.

Journal: Journal of neuroinflammation (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Cladonia verticillaris (lichen) indicates negative impacts derived from the combustion of biodiesel blends: an alert for the environmental management for biofuels use.

The use of biodiesel blends with petroleum diesel in vehicular engines demands the evaluation of the possible impacts and effects of the gases emitted from their combustion on the environment.Among studies on these questions, biomonitoring using lichens is a viable alternative, given their interactions with the elements dispersed in the atmosphere, as well as its sensitivity and capacity to retain contaminants.In this study, we analyzed the effects of gas emissions from the combustion of biodiesel mixture with petroleum diesel on cladonia verticillaris thalli.Samples of the lichen (10 g) were exposed to the gases emitted by the exhaust of the generator engine during the combustion process of biodiesel mixtures to petroleum diesel (7% (b7), 10% (b10), 40% (b40), 50% (b50), and 70% (b70)).At 90 days after exposure, samples were analyzed for n-alkane profiles, thallus morphology, photosynthetic pigment contents, and secondary lichen metabolites (protocetraric and fumarprotocetraric acids).Sets b7 and b10 showed better resistance of the lichen to pollutants.Set b40 showed a high stress evidenced by the chain elongation of n-alkanes structure and high chlorophyll production, presenting high morphological damages when compared to the control sets, b7 and b10.The results showed significant reductions of n-alkanes profiles for mixtures with high concentrations of biodiesel (b50 and b70), as well as decreases in the chlorophyll content.These groups showed an increase in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, corroborating the hypothesis that high concentrations of biodiesel in the mixture with petroleum diesel have greater impacts on the lichen.Schematic model for demonstration of using the lichen cladonia verticillaris as biomonitor of effects from gas emissions from the combustion of biodiesel blends with petroleum diesel by a stationary engine.

Journal: Environmental monitoring and assessment (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Sepsis Presenting in Hospitals versus Emergency Departments: Demographic, Resuscitation, and Outcome Patterns in a Multicenter Retrospective Cohort.

Differences between hospital-presenting sepsis (hps) and emergency department-presenting sepsis (edps) are not well described.Objectives we aimed to (1) quantify the prevalence of hps versus edps cases and outcomes; (2) compare hps versus edps characteristics at presentation; (3) compare hps versus edps in process and patient outcomes; and (4) estimate risk differences in patient outcomes attributable to initial resuscitation disparities.Design retrospective consecutive-sample cohort.Setting nine hospitals from october 1, 2014, to march 31, 2016.Patients all hospitalized patients with sepsis or septic shock, as defined by simultaneous (1) infection, (2) ≥2 systemic inflammatory response syndrome (sirs) criteria, and (3) ≥1 acute organ dysfunction criterion.Edps met inclusion criteria while physically in the emergency department (ed).Hps met the criteria after leaving the ed.Measurements we assessed overall hps versus edps contributions to case prevalence and outcomes, and then compared group differences.Process outcomes included 3-hour bundle compliance and discrete bundle elements (eg, time to antibiotics).The primary patient outcome was hospital mortality.Results of 11,182 sepsis hospitalizations, 2,509 (22.4%) were hospital-presenting.Hps contributed 785 (35%) sepsis mortalities.Hps had more frequent heart failure (or: 1.31, ci: 1.18-1.47), renal failure (or: 1.62, ci: 1.38-1.91), gastrointestinal source of infection (or: 1.84, ci: 1.48-2.29), euthermia (or: 1.45, ci: 1.10-1.92), hypotension (or: 1.85, ci: 1.65-2.08), or impaired gas exchange (or: 2.46, ci: 1.43-4.24).Hps were admitted less often from skilled nursing facilities (or: 0.44, ci: 0.32-0.60), had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (or: 0.53, ci: 0.36-0.78), tachypnea (or: 0.76, ci: 0.58-0.98), or acute kidney injury (or: 0.82, ci: 0.68-0.97).In a propensity-matched cohort (n = 3,844), hps patients had less than half the odds of 3-hour bundle compliant care (17.0% vs 30.3%, or: 0.47, ci: 0.40-0.57) or antibiotics within three hours (66.2% vs 83.8%, or: 0.38, ci: 0.32-0.44) vs edps.Hps was associated with higher mortality (31.2% vs 19.3%, or: 1.90, ci: 1.64-2.20); 23.3% of this association was attributable to differences in initial resuscitation (resuscitation-adjusted or: 1.69, ci: 1.43-2.00).Conclusions hps differed from edps by admission source, comorbidities, and clinical presentation.These patients received markedly less timely initial resuscitation; this disparity explained a moderate proportion of mortality differences.

Journal: Journal of hospital medicine (2019)
Publication types: Journal Article;Multicenter Study;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
On-site rainwater harvesting and treatment for drinking water supply: assessment of cost and technical issues.

This study assessed the performance of rainwater-harvesting systems installed for selected public utilities in the northern provinces of vietnam where rainwater was collected, stored in stainless steel tanks, and treated with a complex filtration unit and ultraviolet (uv) disinfection system (full system).Results from an operation of over 5 years show that the untreated rainwater could not be used directly for drinking purposes as it was contaminated with bacteria (total coliforms tc = 200-300 cfu/100 ml, pseudomonas aeruginosa pa = 40-160 cfu/100 ml), and turbidity = 2-4 ntu.Most of the heavy metals detected were found below the standard limits.Phenol and its derivatives were detected occasionally as higher than the standard value (1 μg/l).After treatment, all parameters met the drinking water standards.The capital costs of the rainwater systems were approximately us$200/m3and us$180/m3for a full system and simplified system (without complex filtration unit), respectively, while the operation and maintenance (o&m) costs were 3 cents/l and 0.8 cents/l on average for a full system and simplified one, correspondingly.

Journal: Environmental science and pollution research international (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Trends in antihypertensive prescription for pregnant women with hypertension and their peripartum outcomes before and after label and guideline revisions in Japan.

We investigated the trends in the proportion of antihypertensive prescriptions listed in the guidelines for pregnant patients and their pregnancy outcomes before and after regulatory actions in japan.This retrospective cohort study used the japan medical data center claims data from january 2005 to april 2020.We identified women who had delivered and had hypertensive disorders before childbirth.To evaluate the influence of regulatory actions (label revision in 2011 and guideline updates in 2014), we divided the study period into three terms based on the year of the last menstrual period.We assessed the time trend of the prescription proportion of antihypertensives and conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to assess the impact of the investigation terms on pregnancy outcomes (preterm birth, cesarean section, emergency cesarean section, and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome).Among the 13,797 eligible patients, 1739 (12.6%) were treated with oral antihypertensives during pregnancy.Before the policy revisions, the most frequently prescribed antihypertensive medication was methyldopa, but after the label and guideline revisions, nifedipine was the most frequently prescribed.The trend in the prescription proportion of nifedipine increased (p < 0.001) and that of hydralazine decreased (p < 0.001), while those of methyldopa and labetalol showed no significant trend.The adjusted odds ratios for all four pregnancy outcomes showed no significant differences according to the investigation terms.By investigating the three terms before and after the label and guideline revisions, significant changes were identified in the trend of the prescription proportion for pregnant women-an increase in nifedipine and a decrease in hydralazine-but not in pregnancy outcomes.

Journal: Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article
Factors affecting access to health services by older adults in an urban community in Thailand: a cross-sectional study.

The impending rapid change in thailand's older population has many important implications for health policy, especially older adults' health problems, which are major cause of them accessing health services.This study aimed to study factors affecting access to health services for older adults in urban communities in thailand, as well as performing a situational survey of health service utilization.methods:this cross-sectional study included 886 older adults from four types of urban communities (slum, city, suburban, and community building).Data were collected using an interview questionnaire.Information about health service variables were extracted and followed the five dimensions of accessibility by penchansky & thomas: availability, accessibility, accommodation, affordability and acceptability.Data were analyzed using percentage mean and standard deviation (sd).Analysis of factors affecting access to health service was performed using logistic regression.results:the utilization of health services was high among five dimensions.They were composed of availability (mean 4.2, sd.=0.59), accessibility (mean 4.1, sd.=0.69), accommodation (mean 3.9, sd.=0.67), affordability (mean 4.2, sd.= 0.62), and acceptability (mean 4.1, sd.=0.62).A summary of all dimensions revealed a mean of 4.1 (sd.= 0.52).Factors affecting older adults access to health services were using health insurance rights for health care service, and concern about the necessity of health care.conclusions:encouraging older adults to change their health insurance rights to the nearest hospital and promoting the provision of holistic health information, which will support older adults in accessing more health services to improve their health outcomes.

Journal: F1000Research (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Loss of CTRP4 alters adiposity and food intake behaviors in obese mice.

Central and peripheral mechanisms are both required for proper control of energy homeostasis.Among circulating plasma proteins, c1q/tnf-related proteins (ctrps) have recently emerged as important regulators of sugar and fat metabolism.Ctrp4, expressed in brain and adipose tissue, is unique among the family members in having two tandem globular c1q domains.We previously showed that central administration of recombinant ctrp4 suppresses food intake, suggesting a central nervous system role in regulating ingestive physiology.Whether this effect is pharmacological or physiological remains unclear.We used a loss-of-function knockout (ko) mouse model to clarify the physiological role of ctrp4.Under basal conditions, ctrp4 deficiency increased serum cholesterol levels and impaired glucose tolerance in male but not female mice fed a control low-fat diet.When challenged with a high-fat diet, male and female ko mice responded differently to weight gain and had different food intake patterns.On an obesogenic diet, male ko mice had similar weight gain as wild-type littermates.When fed ad libitum, ko male mice had greater meal number, shorter intermeal interval, and reduced satiety ratio.Female ko mice, in contrast, had lower body weight and adiposity.In the refeeding period following food deprivation, female ko mice had significantly higher food intake due to longer meal duration and reduced satiety ratio.Collectively, our data provide genetic evidence for a sex-dependent physiological role of ctrp4 in modulating food intake patterns and systemic energy metabolism.

Journal: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Untangling the origin and function of granulovacuolar degeneration bodies in neurodegenerative proteinopathies.

In the brains of tauopathy patients, tau pathology coincides with the presence of granulovacuolar degeneration bodies (gvbs) both at the regional and cellular level.Recently, it was shown that intracellular tau pathology causes gvb formation in experimental models thus explaining the strong correlation between these neuropathological hallmarks in the human brain.These novel models of gvb formation provide opportunities for future research into gvb biology, but also urge reevaluation of previous post-mortem observations.Here, we review neuropathological data on gvbs in tauopathies and other neurodegenerative proteinopathies.We discuss the possibility that intracellular aggregates composed of proteins other than tau are also able to induce gvb formation.Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of gvb formation and the downstream functional implications hereof are outlined in view of the current available data.In addition, we provide guidelines for the identification of gvbs in tissue and cell models that will help to facilitate and streamline research towards the elucidation of the role of these enigmatic and understudied structures in neurodegeneration.

Journal: Acta neuropathologica communications (2020)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;Review
The effect of microstructure on mechanical properties of corn cob.

As a natural biomass resource, corn cob has excellent mechanical properties and a special layered structure.To investigate the relationship between the mechanical properties and microstructure of corn cob, the ultra-deep field 3d microscope was used to characterize the macro geometric parameters, and the scanning electron microscopy (sem) was observe the microstructure of the corn cob.The fourier transform infrared spectrometer was used to analyze the fiber composition, revealing the contribution of fiber composition to the mechanical properties.Axial compression, radial compression, and three-point bending tests were performed on corn cob using a universal testing machine.Moreover, an impact testing machine was used for impact tests.The results show that a corn cob is structurally divided into the pith, woody ring, and glume, mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in fiber composition, respectively.The pith is a porous sponge-like tissue that has a greater bearing capacity while maintaining a low density.It is also a progressively hardening material with good buffering properties under impact loads.The woody ring is the primary source of mechanical strength, whose microstructure is a hollow tubular structure composed of cellulose and bonded by lignin.The internal microstructure of the glume is also porous and spongy, but the mechanical properties are mainly manifested in its macrostructure.The results of this study may provide a reference for the subsequent processing and industrial application of corn cob, and the unique structure of corn cob is also an excellent bionic prototype for lightweight design.

Journal: Micron (Oxford, England : 1993) (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Vaccination and immunotherapies in neuroimmunological diseases.

Neuroimmunological diseases and their treatment compromise the immune system, thereby increasing the risk of infections and serious illness.Consequently, vaccinations to protect against infections are an important part of the clinical management of these diseases.However, the wide variety of immunotherapies that are currently used to treat neuroimmunological disease - particularly multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders - can also impair immunological responses to vaccinations.In this review, we discuss what is known about the effects of various immunotherapies on immunological responses to vaccines and what these effects mean for the safe and effective use of vaccines in patients with a neuroimmunological disease.The success of vaccination in patients receiving immunotherapy largely depends on the specific mode of action of the immunotherapy.To minimize the risk of infection when using immunotherapy, assessment of immune status and exclusion of underlying chronic infections before initiation of therapy are essential.Selection of the required vaccinations and leaving appropriate time intervals between vaccination and administration of immunotherapy can help to safeguard patients.We also discuss the rapidly evolving knowledge of how immunotherapies affect responses to sars-co v-2 vaccines and how these effects should influence the management of patients on these therapies during the covid-19 pandemic.

Journal: Nature reviews. Neurology (2022)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review
Patient-specific cruciate-retaining total knee replacement with individualized implants and instruments (iTotal™ CR G2).

Treatment of tricompartimental osteoarthritis (oa) using customized instruments and implants for cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty.Use of patient-specific instruments and implants (confor mis i total tmcr g2) together with a 3d-planning protocol (i view®).Retropatellar resurfacing is optional.Indications symptomatic tricompartmental oa of the knee (kellgren-lawrence stage iv) with preserved posterior cruciate ligament (pcl) after unsuccessful conservative or joint-preserving surgical treatment.Contraindications knee ligament instabilities of the posterior cruciate or collateral ligaments.Infection.Relative contraindication: knee deformities >15° (varus, valgus, flexion); prior partial knee replacement.Surgical technique midline or parapatellar medial skin incision, medial arthrotomy; distal femoral resection with patient-specific cutting block; tibial resection using either a cutting jig for the anatomic slope or a fixed 5° slope.Balancing the knee in extension and flexion gap using patient-specific spacer.The final tibial preparation achieved with gap-balanced placement of the femoral cutting jigs.Kinematic testing using anatomic trial components.Final implant components are cemented in extension.Wound layers are sutured.Drainage is optional.Postoperative management sterile wound dressing; compressive bandage.No limitation of the active and passive range of motion.Optional partial weight bearing during the first 2 weeks, then transition to full weight bearing.Follow-up directly after surgery, at 12 and 52 weeks, then every 1-2 years.Results overall 60 patients with tricompartmental knee oa and preserved pcl were treated.Mean age was 66 (range 45-76) years.Minimum follow-up was 12 months.There was 1 septic revision after a low-grade infection, 1 reoperation to replace the patellar due to patellar osteoarthritis and 3 manipulations under anesthesia (muas) to increase range of motion.Radiographic analyses demonstrated an ideal implant fit with less than 2 mm subsidence or overhang.The womac score improved from 154.8 points preoperatively to 83.5 points at 1 year and 59.3 points at 2 years postoperatively.The euro qol-5d score also improved from 11.1 points preoperatively to 7.7 points at 1 year postoperatively.

Journal: Operative Orthopadie und Traumatologie (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article
Molecular Components of Store-Operated Calcium Channels in the Regulation of Neural Stem Cell Physiology, Neurogenesis, and the Pathology of Huntington's Disease.

One of the major ca2+signaling pathways is store-operated ca2+entry (soce), which is responsible for ca2+flow into cells in response to the depletion of endoplasmic reticulum ca2+stores.Soce and its molecular components, including stromal interaction molecule proteins, orai ca2+channels, and transient receptor potential canonical channels, are involved in the physiology of neural stem cells and play a role in their proliferation, differentiation, and neurogenesis.This suggests that ca2+signaling is an important player in brain development.Huntington's disease (hd) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by polyglutamine expansion in the huntingtin (htt) protein, characterized by the loss of γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba)-ergic medium spiny neurons (msns) in the striatum.However, recent research has shown that hd is also a neurodevelopmental disorder and ca2+signaling is dysregulated in hd.The relationship between hd pathology and elevations of soce was demonstrated in different cellular and mouse models of hd and in induced pluripotent stem cell-based gabaergic msns from juvenile- and adult-onset hd patient fibroblasts.The present review discusses the role of soce in the physiology of neural stem cells and its dysregulation in hd pathology.It has been shown that elevated expression of stim2 underlying the excessive ca2+entry through store-operated calcium channels in induced pluripotent stem cell-based msns from juvenile-onset hd.In the light of the latest findings regarding the role of ca2+signaling in hd pathology we also summarize recent progress in thein vitrodifferentiation of msns that derive from different cell sources.We discuss advances in the application of established protocols to obtain msns from fetal neural stem cells/progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and induced neural stem cells and the application of transdifferentiation.We also present recent progress in establishing hd brain organoids and their potential use for examining hd pathology and its treatment.Moreover, the significance of stem cell therapy to restore normal neural cell function, including ca2+signaling in the central nervous system in hd patients will be considered.The transplantation of msns or their precursors remains a promising treatment strategy for hd.

Journal: Frontiers in cell and developmental biology (2021)
Publication types: Journal Article;Review