Document ID: /roh_data/filtered/swiss_laws_in_ROHinterleaved.jsonl.gz/285

This text was translated from EN into Rumantsch Grischun.

fedlex-data-admin-ch-eli-cc-1992-2521_2521_2521-20220101-en-docx-2921.0English is not an official language of the Swiss Confederation. This translation is provided for information purposes only and has no legal force.Federal Act on Forest(Forest Act, ForA)of 4 October 1991 (Status as of 1 January 2022) The Federal Assembly of the Swiss Confederation,based on the articles 74 paragraph 1, 77 paragraphs 2 and 3, 78 paragraph 4 and 95 paragraph 1 of the Federal Constitution, and having considered the Federal Council Dispatch dated 29 June 1988,decrees:SR 101 Amended by Annex No 8 of the FA of 21 June 2013, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2015 3631; BBl 2009 8533).BBl 1988 III 173Chapter 1 General Provisions Art. 1 Aim  This Act is intended to:a. conserve the forest in its area and spatial distribution;b. protect the forest as a near-natural community;c. ensure that the forest can fulfil its functions, in particular its protective, social and economic functions (forest functions);d. promote and maintain the forestry sector. It is furthermore intended to contribute to the protection of human life and important material assets against avalanches, landslides, erosion and rockfall (natural events).Art. 2 Definition of forest  Forest is defined as any area that is covered with forest trees or forest shrubs and can fulfil forest functions. Origin, type of use and land registry designation are not decisive. Also defined as forest are:a. grazing forests, wooded pastures and chestnut and walnut groves;b. unstocked or unproductive areas of a forest plot, such as clearings, forest roads and other forest structures and installations;c. plots subject to compulsory afforestation. Isolated groups of trees and shrubs, hedges, avenues, gardens, planted areas and parks, tree plantations established on open ground for short-term use and trees and bushes on check dams and in the immediate foreground of such installations are not defined as forest. Within the framework defined by the Federal Council, the cantons may determine the width, area and age, from which an area newly colonised by forest shall be defined as forest, and the width and area from which other wooded areas shall be defined as forest. If the wooded area fulfils social or protective functions, in particular, the cantonal criteria are not definitive.Art. 3 Forest conservation Forest area should not be reduced.Chapter 2 Protection of the Forest against Intervention Section 1 Deforestation and Declaration as Forest Art. 4 Definition of deforestation Deforestation is the permanent or temporary change of use of forest land.Art. 5 Prohibition on deforestation and derogations  Deforestation is prohibited. In exceptional cases a deforestation permit may be granted if the applicant proves that there are important reasons for the deforestation that outweigh the interest of forest conservation and, furthermore, the following conditions are fulfilled:a. the proposed site must be essential to the works for which the deforestation is to be carried out;b. the works must essentially fulfil the spatial planning requirements;c. the deforestation does cause any serious threat to the environment. Important reasons do not include financial interests, such as the potentially profitable use of the land or the low-cost acquisition of land for non-forestry purposes. If the authorities have to decide whether to grant permission for the construction of installations for the generation of renewable energies and for energy transportation and distribution, when weighing up interests the national interest in constructing such installations is to be considered equal to other national interests. The protection of nature and cultural heritage must be taken into account. A time limit shall be set for deforestation permits. Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 6 Responsibility  Exceptional permits are granted by:a. the federal authorities, if they are competent to decide on the construction or alteration of works, for which deforestation is to be carried out;a. the cantonal authorities, if they decide on the construction or alteration of works, for which deforestation is to be carried out. Before the cantonal authority decides on a derogation, it shall hear the Federal Office for the Environment (Federal Office), if:a. the area to be deforested exceeds 5000 m; if several deforestation applications are made for one and the same project, the total area is decisive; b. the forest to be deforested is located in several cantons. Amended by No I 17 of the Federal Act of 18 June 1999 on the Coordination and Simplification of Decision-Making Procedures, in force since 1 Jan. 2000 (AS 1999 3071; BBl 1998 2591). The designation of the administrative entity was amended according to Art. 16 para. 3 of the Publications Ordinance of 17 Nov. 2004 (AS 2004 4937).Art. 7 Compensation for deforestation  For all deforestation, compensation in kind must be provided in the same region and with species that are predominantly suited to the location. Measures may be implemented for the benefit of nature and landscape conservation instead of compensation in kind:a. in areas with increasing forest area;b. in other areas by way of exception in order to conserve arable land and areas of ecological or landscape value. Compensation for deforestation may be dispensed with in the case of deforestation:a. of areas that have grown in the last 30 years in order to reclaim arable land;b. to guarantee flood protection and to rehabilitate waters;c. for the preservation and improvement of biotopes in accordance with Articles 18a and 18b paragraph 1 of the Federal Act of 1 July 1966 on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage. If arable land that has been reclaimed in accordance with paragraph 3 letter is given a different use within 30 years, the compensation for deforestation must be provided retrospectively. Amended by No I of the FA of 16 March 2012, in force since 1 July 2013  (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397, 4425). SR 451Art. 8 Repealed by No I of the FA of 16 March 2012, with effect from 1 July 2013  (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397, 4425).Art. 9 Compensation The cantons shall ensure that considerable benefits arising from deforestation permits that are not covered by Article 5 of the Federal Act on Spatial Planning of 22 June 1979are adequately compensated for.SR 700Art. 10 Declaration as forest  Any person who can demonstrate a legitimate interest may have the canton declare whether a plot of land is a forest. When enacting and revising land-use plans in accordance with the Federal Act of 22 June 1979 on Spatial Planning declaration as forest must be ordered in locations:a. in which development zones border the forest or will border it in the future;b. outside development zones where the canton wants to prevent an increase in forest. If a request for declaration as forest is made in association with an application for deforestation, responsibility is governed by Article 6. The competent federal authority decides at the request of the competent cantonal authority.SR 700 Amended by No I of the FA of 16 March 2012, in force since 1 July 2013  (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397, 4425). Second sentence inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Section 2 Forest and Spatial Planning Art. 11 Deforestation and planning permission  The deforestation permit does not exempt its holder from the obligation to obtain planning permission as stipulated in the Spatial Planning Act of 22 June 1979. Should a construction project require both a deforestation permit and an exceptional permit to build outside the building zone, the latter may only be granted in agreement with the competent authority as stated in Article 6 of this Act.SR 700Art. 12 Inclusion of forest in land-use plans The allocation of forest to a zone requires a deforestation permit.Art. 13 Demarcation of forest and land-use zones  Forest boundaries declared as such under Article 10 paragraph 2 shall be entered in the land-use plans. New wooded areas outside these boundaries are not considered forest. Forest boundaries may be reviewed in the forest declaration procedure under Article 10 if the land-use plans are revised and the actual circumstances have changed substantially. Amended by No I of the FA of 16 March 2012, in force since 1 July 2013  (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397, 4425). Amended by No I of the FA of 16 March 2012, in force since 1 July 2013  (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397, 4425). Amended by No I of the FA of 16 March 2012, in force since 1 July 2013  (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397, 4425).Section 3 Pedestrian and Vehicular Access to the Forest Art. 14 Accessibility  The cantons ensure that the forest is accessible to the general public. Where necessary for the conservation of the forest or other public interests, such as the protection of wild flora and fauna, the cantons shall:a. restrict accessibility to certain forest areas;b. subject the staging of major events in the forest to obtaining a permit.Art. 15 Motorised vehicular traffic  Forests and forest roads may only be accessed by motorised vehicular traffic for forestry purposes. The Federal Council regulates the exceptions to be made for military and other public tasks. The cantons may authorise access to forest roads for other purposes if this does not jeopardise forest conservation or other matters of public interest. The cantons provide traffic signals and signs and the necessary controls. If signals, signs and controls are not sufficient, barriers may be installed.Section 4 Protection against Other Detrimental Effects Art. 16 Detrimental uses  Uses that do not constitute deforestation as defined in Article 4, but which endanger or interfere with the functions or management of the forest are unlawful. Rights of use in such cases shall be revoked, if necessary by compulsory purchase. The cantons shall enact the necessary provisions. The competent authorities may authorise such uses for important reasons subject to certain conditions and requirements. Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 17 Distance from forest edge  Buildings and installations are only admissible in the vicinity of the forest if they do not interfere with its conservation, maintenance and use. The cantons shall specify a suitable minimum distance for buildings and installations from the forest edge. They shall take the location and expected stand height into consideration in the specification of this distance. The competent authorities may authorise constructions at less than the minimum distance if important reasons are given and subject to certain conditions and requirements. Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 18 Environmentally hazardous substances The use of environmentally hazardous substances in the forest is prohibited. Exemptions from this provision are regulated by the environmental protection legislation.Chapter 3 Protection against Natural Events Art. 19Where necessary for the protection of human life and significant material assets, the cantons shall secure avalanche, landslide, erosion and rockfall areas and carry out torrent control works in forests. The measures used should be as natural as possible. Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Chapter 4 Maintenance and Use of the Forest Section 1 Forest Management Art. 20 Forest management principles  The forest shall be managed in such a way that it can fulfil its functions without interruption or restriction (sustainability). The cantons shall enact planning and management regulations; in doing this, they shall take into account the requirements of wood supply, near-natural silviculture and the protection of nature and cultural heritage. Should the state of the forest and forest conservation allow it, the maintenance and use of the forest may be dispensed with entirely or in part for ecological and landscape reasons. The cantons may delimit suitable areas as forest reserves for the conservation of the species diversity of flora and fauna. Where required by the protective function of the forest, the cantons ensure a minimum level of maintenance.Art. 21 Wood harvesting Any person who wishes to fell trees requires a permit issued by the forestry service. The cantons may provide for exemptions.Art. 21a Worker safety In order to ensure worker safety, contractors engaging in wood harvesting in the forest must demonstrate that the workers employed have completed a federally recognised course on the dangers of forestry work.  Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 22 Prohibition of clearcutting  Clearcutting and forms of wood harvesting that have effects similar to clearcutting are prohibited. The cantons may authorise exemptions to allow special silvicultural measures to be carried out.Art. 23 Restocking of forest gaps  Should gaps arise in the forest due to interventions or natural events which endanger the stability or protective function of a forest, their restocking shall be ensured. If this does not occur through natural regeneration, the gaps must be planted with tree and shrubs that are suited to the location.Art. 24 Forest reproductive material  Only reproductive material and plants that are healthy and suited to the location may be used for forest planting. The Federal Council issues regulations on the origin, use, trading and safeguarding of forest reproductive material.Art. 25 Alienation and division  The alienation of forest in the ownership of communes and corporations and the division of forests requires the authorisation of the canton. This may only be granted if the functions of the forest are not impaired as a result. If the alienation or division also requires authorisation in accordance with the Federal Act of 4 October 1991 on Rural Land Rights, the cantons shall ensure that the authorisation processes procedures are combined and concluded by joint decision.SR 211.412.11Section 2 Prevention and Remediation of Forest Damage Art. 26 Federal measures  The Federal Council shall enact regulations on measures for the prevention and remediation of damage that arises as a result of natural disaster or harmful organisms and that could pose a threat to the function of the forest; In order to protect against harmful organisms, it may ban or limit certain organisms, plants or products, or introduce requirements to authorise, report, register or document them. The Confederation shall establish measures at the national borders and ensure that the cantons set and coordinate trans-cantonal measures within the country’s borders. It maintains a federal plant protection service whose forest section is subordinate to the federal office.  Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 27 Cantonal measures  Subject to Article 26, the cantons shall take any measures necessary to prevent the causes and consequences of damage that could compromise the functions of the forest. In particular, they monitor their area for harmful organisms. They shall regulate wild animal populations in such a way that forest conservation, in particular natural regeneration with tree species suited to the location, is guaranteed without protective measures. Where this is not possible, they undertake measures to prevent damage caused by wild animals. Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 27a Prevention of harmful organisms  Persons handling plants must observe the principles of plant protection. The Confederation, in cooperation with the cantons concerned, shall establish strategies and guidelines on measures to be taken against harmful organisms that may considerably compromise forest functions. The measures ensure that:a. newly identified harmful organisms are destroyed in a timely manner;b. established harmful organisms are contained if the expected benefits outweigh the costs of control; c. harmful organisms found outside of the forest area are also monitored, destroyed or contained in order to protect the forest. Owners of trees, shrubs, other plants, cultures, plant material, means of production and objects that are infested or could be infested with harmful organisms, or are themselves harmful organisms, must carry out or allow monitoring, isolation, treatment or destruction thereof in conjunction with the relevant authorities. Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 28 Extraordinary measures in the event of forest disasters In the event of forest disasters, the Federal Assembly may undertake measures, by means of a general federal decree not subject to a referendum, that specifically serve the preservation of the forestry and timber sector.Art. 28a Action against climate change The Confederation and cantons shall take measures to provide sustainable support to the forest in its functions, even under changed climatic conditions. Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Chapter 5 Promotional Measures Section 1 Training, Advice, Research and Data Acquisition Art. 29 Duties of the Confederation in matters of education and training   The Confederation shall coordinate and promote forestry education and training. In conjunction with the cantons, it shall provide theoretical and practical training and continuing education in forestry at tertiary level. ... The legislation on vocational and professional education and training applies to the training of forestry personnel. The Federal Council shall specify the forestry education and training areas, in which the Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications implements this legislation. Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Repealed by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, with effect from 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Amended by Annex No II 6 of the Vocational and Professional Education and Training Act of 13 Dec. 2002, in force since 1 Jan. 2004 (AS 2003 4557; BBl 2000 5686).Art. 30 Duties of the cantons in the areas of training and advice The cantons shall ensure the training of forestry workers and the provision of advice to forest owners.Art. 31 Research and development  The Confederation may commission or provide financial assistance for the following purposes:a. research on the forest;b. research and development of measures for the protection of the forest against harmful effects;c. research and development of measures aimed at protecting human life and significant material assets against natural events;d. research and development of measures to boost the market for wood and the use of wood. It may establish and operate research institutes.Art. 32 Transfer of responsibilities to associations  The Confederation may entrust national organisations with duties relating to forest conservation and provide financial assistance to them for this purpose. It may also entrust to cantonal or regional associations duties of particular significance for certain regions, in particular in the mountain areas.Art. 33 Surveys  The Confederation shall ensure that periodic surveys of the locations, functions and state of the forest, of the production and use of wood and of the structures and economic situation of the forestry sector are carried out. The forest owners and the management bodies of forestry and timber enterprises must provide the authorities with the information required and, if necessary, acquiesce in the conduct of enquiries. All of those responsible for carrying out or evaluating surveys are bound by official secrecy.Art. 34 Information The Confederation and cantons shall ensure that the authorities and public are informed about the significance and state of the forest and about the forestry and timber sector.Section 1a  Timber Production Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Art. 34a Marketing and use of timber The Confederation shall promote the marketing and use of sustainably produced timber, in particular by supporting innovative projects.Art. 34b Federal buildings and installations  The Confederation shall encourage the use of sustainably produced timber where appropriate in the planning, construction and operation of its own buildings and installations. When purchasing wood products, it shall take account of factors such as sustainable and near natural forest management and the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.Section 2 Financing Art. 35 Principles  Subsidies paid in accordance with this Act is granted within the scope of the authorised credits under the condition that:a. the measures are cost effective and carried out professionally;b. the measures are assessed in conjunction with those of other Federal Acts both collectively and according to their actions in combination;c. the beneficiary makes a contribution that is proportionate to its economic performance, the other sources of finance and reasonable self-financing measures;d. third parties, who are beneficiaries or originators of damage, are called on for co-financing;e. a permanent resolution of conflicts that is beneficial to forest conservation is reached. The Federal Council may require that subsidies are only paid to beneficiaries who participate in self-financing measures by the forestry and timber sector. Amended by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029).Art. 36 Protection against natural events  The Confederation grants to the cantons on the basis of programme agreements global compensatory payments for measures that protect human life and significant material assets against natural events, in particular for:a. the erection, maintenance and replacement of protective structures and installations;b. the creation of forest with special protective function and the corresponding young forest maintenance;c. the compilation of hazard registers and hazard maps, the establishment and operation of monitoring stations and the development of early-warning services to secure settlements and transport routes. By way of exception, it may provide financial assistance by means of a ruling for projects that require an individual assessment by the Confederation. The amount of financial assistance provided is determined by the risk posed by natural events and the cost and effectiveness of the measures.Amended by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Amended by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Inserted by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Inserted by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029).Art. 37 Protective forest  The Confederation grants to the cantons on the basis of programme agreements global financial assistance for measures necessary for the fulfilment of function of the protective forest, in particular for:a. the maintenance of the protective forest, including the prevention and remediation of forest damage that endanger the protective forest;b. the guaranteeing of the infrastructure for the maintenance of the protective forest insofar as it takes the forest as a natural community into account. By way of exception, it may provide financial assistance by means of a ruling for projects that originate as the result of an extraordinary natural event.  The amount of financial assistance is determined by the protective forest area to be maintained, the risk to be hindered and the impact of the measures. Amended by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 37a Measures against forest damage outside the protective forest   The Confederation shall grant the cantons on the basis of programme agreements global financial assistance for measures to prevent and mitigate forest damage outside the protective forest which is caused by natural events or harmful organisms. By way of exception, it may provide financial assistance by means of a ruling for individual projects that require an assessment by the Confederation. The amount of financial assistance is determined by the risk to be hindered and the impact of the measures. Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 37b Reimbursement of costs  Those required to take measures against harmful organisms in accordance with Article 27a paragraph 3 may be suitably reimbursed for any costs of prevention, control and re-establishment that are not borne under Article 48a. The amount to be reimbursed is set by the competent authority in a procedure that is as simple as possible and free of charge to the person who has incurred costs. Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 38 Biological diversity of the forest  The Confederation shall provide financial assistance for measures that contribute to the conservation and improvement of biological diversity in the forest, in particular for:a. the protection and maintenance of forest reserves and other ecologically valuable forest habitats;b. the fostering of biodiversity and genetic diversity of the forest;c. the connectivity of forest habitats;d. the conservation of traditional forms of forest management;e. ... ... The level of the financial assistance is based on the significance of the measures in relation to biological diversity and the effectiveness of the measures. Amended by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Repealed by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, with effect from 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Repealed by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, with effect from 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 38a Forest management  The Confederation provides financial assistance for measures that improve the profitability of sustainable forest management, in particular for:a. interoperational planning bases;b. measures to improve the management conditions of the forestry operations;c. temporary joint measures by the forestry and timber sector for advertising and marketing promotion in the case of exceptional wood supply;d. the storage of wood in the case of exceptional wood supply;e. promoting the training of forestry workers and the practical training of forestry experts at university level;f. measures that support the forest in being able to fulfil its functions even under changed climatic conditions, in particular for the management of young forest and propagation of plant material;g. adaptation or reconstitution of public infrastructure facilities, insofar as these are necessary as part of an overall forest management concept and take account of the forest as a near-natural habitat, and overdevelopment is avoided. It provides financial assistance:a. for measures under paragraph 1 letters a, b and d–g: as global subsidies on the basis of programme agreements concluded with the cantons;b. for measures under paragraph 1 letter e: by a ruling of the Federal Office. The level of the financial assistance is based on the effectiveness of the measures. Inserted by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 39 Education and training  The Confederation provides subsidies for the education and training of forestry personnel according to Articles 52–59 of the Vocational and Professional Education and Training Act of 13 December 2002. In derogation from paragraph 1 it assumes up to 50 percent of the occupation-specific costs, in particular for the on-site practical training of forestry personnel and creation of teaching material for forestry personnel.... SR 412.10 Amended by Annex No II 6 of the Vocational and Professional Education and Training Act of 13 December 2002, in force since 1 Jan. 2004 (AS 2003 4557; BBl 2000 5686). Amended by Annex No II 6 of the Vocational and Professional Education and Training Act of 13 December 2002, in force since 1 Jan. 2004 (AS 2003 4557; BBl 2000 5686). Repealed by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, with effect from 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 40 Investment credits  The Confederation may grant interest-free or low-interest repayable credits:a. as building loans;b. for the financing of the residual costs of measures eligible for subsidy under Articles 36, 37 and 38a paragraph 1 letter b;c. for the acquisition of forestry vehicles, machines and equipment and for the creation of forestry installations. The loans are limited in term. Loans are only granted on the application of the canton. If a debtor does not meet his repayment obligation, the relevant canton shall assume responsibility for the repayment in his place. Repayments shall be used to fund new investment credits. Amended by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029).Art. 41 Provision of subsidies  The Federal Assembly shall approve by simple federal degree a temporary four-year guarantee credit for the provision of subsidies and credits. Subsidies for the response to extraordinary natural events are limited in time according to the duration of the corresponding measures. Amended by No II 30 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2006 on the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE), in force since 1 Jan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Term in accordance with Annex No 9 of the FA of 19 March 2021, in force since 1 Jan. 2022 (AS 2021 662; BBl 2020 349). This amendment has been made in the provisions specified in the AS.Section 3 Further Measures Inserted by Annex No 8 of the FA of 21 June 2013, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2015 3631; BBl 2009 8533). Art. 41a The Federal Council may issue regulations on the voluntary declaration of origin of forest products and their processed products in order to promote quality and sales. The registration and protection of labels and the procedures are governed by the Federal Act of 29 April 1998 on Agriculture. SR 910.1Chapter 6 Criminal Provisions Art. 42 Misdemeanours  Any person who wilfully:a. clears forest without authorisation;b. obtains a payment for himself or others, to which he is not entitled by providing untrue or incomplete information;c. fails to comply with or hinders the prescribed generation of forestshall be liable to a custodial sentence not exceeding one year or to a monetary penalty. If the offender acts negligently, he or she shall be liable to a monetary penalty not exceeding 40,000 Swiss francs. Amended by Art. 333 of the Criminal Code (SR 311.0) in its Version according to the Federal Act of 13 Dec. 2002, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 3459; BBl 1999 1979).Art. 43 Contraventions  Any person who wilfully and without authorisation:a. misuses forestry buildings and installations;b. restricts the accessibility of the forest;c. fails to comply with accessibility restrictions according to Article 14;d. drives in the forest or on forest roads with motor vehicles;e. fells trees in the forest;f. hinders investigations or provides untrue or incomplete information or refuses to provide information in breach of the obligation to provide information;g. fails to comply within or outside of the forest with the regulations on measures for the prevention and remediation of forest damage and measures against diseases and pests that may threaten the forest internally; Article 233 of the Criminal Code is reserved;h. fails to comply with the regulations on the origin, use, trade in and safeguarding of forest reproductive material. If an offence is at the same time an offence against the customs legislation, it is prosecuted and judged under the Customs Act of 1 October 1925;shall be liable to a monetary penalty not exceeding 20,000 Swiss francs. Attempts and complicity are also offences. If the offender acts negligently, the penalty is a fine. The cantons may sanction offences against cantonal law as contraventions. Amended by Art. 333 of the Criminal Code (SR 311.0) in its Version according to the FA of 13 Dec. 2002, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 3459; BBl 1999 1979).SR 311.0[BS 6 465; AS 1956 587; 1959 1343 Art. 11 No III; 1973 644; 1974 1857 Annex No 7; 1980 1793 No I 1; 1992 1670 No III; 1994 1634 No I 3; 1995 1816; 1996 3371 Annex 2 No 2; 1997 2465 Annex No 13; 2000 1300 Art. 92, 1891 No VI 6; 2002 248 No I 1 Art. 41; 2004 4763 Annex No II 1; 2006 2197 Annex No 50. AS 2007 1411 Art. 131 para. 1]. See now: the Customs Act of 18 March 2005 (SR 631.0).Art. 44 Misdemeanours and contraventions in businesses If the offence or contravention is committed in the course of business of a legal entity, a partnership or a sole proprietorship or in the course of business of a public law corporation or institution, Articles 6 and 7 of the Federal Act of 22 March 1974 on Administrative Criminal Law apply.SR 313.0Art. 45 Prosecution The cantons are responsible for prosecution.Chapter 7 Procedures and Enforcement Section 1 Procedures Art. 46 Appeals  Appeal proceedings are governed by the general provisions on the administration of federal justice. and  ...  The Federal Office has the right of appeal under federal and cantonal law against rulings by the cantonal authorities made on the basis of this Act and its implementing provisions. The right of appeal of the cantons, communes and organisations concerned with the protection of nature and cultural heritage is based on Articles 12–12g of the Federal Act of 1 July 1966 on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.  It is also accorded against rulings made on the basis of Articles 5, 7, 8, 10, 12 and 13 of this Act. The Federal Council may provide for appeal proceedings against first instance rulings in the implementing legislation. Amended by No 127 of the Administrative Procedure Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). Inserted by Annex No 9 of the Gene Technology Act of 21 March 2003 (AS 2003 4803; BBl 2000 2391). Repealed by Annex No 127 of the Administrative Procedure Act of 17 June 2005, with effect from 1. Jan. 2007 (AS 2002 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). Term in accordiance with No I 17 of the Federal Act of 18 June 1999 on the Coordination and Simplification of Decision-making Procedures, in force since 1. Jan. 2000 (AS 1999 3071; BBl 1998 2591). SR 451Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 47 Effectiveness of authorisations and orders Authorisations and orders in terms of this Act only become effective when they come into force. This is subject to Article 12e of the Federal Act of 1 July 1966 on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage. SR 451 Second sentence inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 48 Compulsory purchase  If required by forest conservation measures or the erection of structures and installations for protection against natural hazards, the cantons may acquire the necessary landed property and any associated easements through compulsory purchase. The cantons may declare the Compulsory Purchase Act of 20 June 1930 to be applicable in their implementing provisions whereby the cantonal government shall rule on any objections that remain in dispute. If the object of the compulsory purchase extends over the territory of more than one canton, the Compulsory Purchase Act applies.SR 711Art. 48a Costs borne by originator The costs of measures that the authorities introduce or order to prevent immediate threat or detriment to the forest and to ascertain and mitigate such threat or detriment shall be transferred to the culpable originator.  Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Section 2 Enforcement Art. 49 Confederation  The Confederation supervises the enforcement of this Act and implements the duties directly assigned to it by this Act. It coordinates its enforcement measures with those of the cantons. Before a federal authority issues a ruling on the basis of the Forest Act based on another Federal Act or an international agreement, it shall consult the cantons concerned. The Federal Office and the other federal agencies concerned cooperate in accordance with Articles 62a and 62b of the Government and Administration Organisation Act of 21 March 1997 in relation to enforcement. The Federal Council enacts the implementing provisions. It may delegate the issuing of provisions of a primarily technical or administrative nature to the Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communication or its agencies and to subordinated federal offices. Amended by No I 17 of the Federal Act of 18 June 1999 on the Coordination and Simplification of Decision-Making Procedures, in force since 1 Jan. 2000 (AS 1999 3071; BBl 1998 2591). Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). SR 172.010 Second sentence inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 50 Cantons  The cantons enforce this Act and enact the necessary regulations; Article 49 is reserved. The cantonal authorities shall undertake immediately the measures necessary to redress unlawful situations. They are authorised to collect security deposits and impose substitutive execution.Art. 50a Delegation of enforcement tasks The enforcement authorities may commission and remunerate public or private agencies to conduct controls and other enforcement measures. Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 51 Forest organisation  The cantons ensure the appropriate organisation of the forestry service. They divide their territory into forest districts and forest areas. These are managed by forestry experts with tertiary-level education and practical experience. Amended by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017  (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 52 Reservation of the right to grant authorisation The cantonal implementing provisions on Articles 16 paragraph 1, 17 paragraph 2 and 20 paragraph 2 require the approval of the Confederation to be valid.Art. 53 Duties to provide information  All cantonal implementing provisions must be made known to the Federal Office prior to their entry into force. The Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications stipulates which cantonal provisions and decisions must be made known to the Federal Office.Chapter 8 Final Provisions Art. 54 Repeal of current legislation The following are repealed:a. the Federal Act of 11 October 1902 on the Supervision of the Forest Police by the Confederation;b. the Federal Act of 21 March 1969 on Investment Credits for the Forestry Sector in the Mountain Region;c. the Federal Decree of 21 December 1956 on the Contribution of the Confederation to the Rehabilitation of Forests Infested with Chestnut Blight;d. the Federal Decree of 23 June 1988 on Extraordinary Measures for the Conservation of the Forest.[BS 9 521; AS 1954 559 No I 5, 1956 1215, 1965 321 Art. 60, 1969 500, 1971 1190, 1977 2249 No I 11.11, 1985 660 No I 23, 1988 1696 Art. 7][AS 1970 761][AS 1957 317, 1977 2249 No I 11.12][AS 1988 1696]Art. 55 Amendment of current legislation ...The amendments may be consulted under AS 1992 2521.Art. 56 Transitional provisions  The new law applies to proceedings pending on the commencement of this Act. The competent authority according to the old law shall complete the pending proceedings. Unlimited deforestation authorisations lapse two years after the commencement of this Act. In individual cases, the competent authority may prolong the deadline on application if the conditions for deforestation are fulfilled. The application must be made before the expiry date. The adaptation of rulings to the new law is reserved. Contractors harvesting wood in the forest are exempt up to five years after the commencement of this Act from the duty imposed by Article 21a, whereby they must demonstrate that the workers employed have completed a federally recognised course raising awareness of the dangers of forestry work. Inserted by No I of the FA of 18 March 2016, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 57 Referendum and commencement  This Act is subject to an optional referendum. The Federal Council determines the commencement date.Commencement date: 1 January 1993Art. 40 and 54 let. b: 1 January 1994FCD of 30 Nov. 1992.

fedlex-data-admin-ch-eli-cc-1992-2521_2521_2521-20220101-rm-docx921.0Rumantsch è ina lingua naziunala, ma ina lingua parzialmain uffiziala da la Confederaziun, numnadamain en la correspundenza cun persunas da lingua rumantscha. La translaziun d’in decret federal serva a l’infurmaziun, n’ha dentant nagina validitad legala.Lescha federala davart il guaud(Lescha dal guaud, LG)dals 4 d’october 1991 (versiun dal 1. da schaner 2022)L’Assamblea federala da la Confederaziun svizra,sa basond sin ils artitgels 74 alinea 1, 77 alineas 2 e 3, 78 alinea 4 e 95 alinea 1 da la Constituziun federala,suenter avair gì invista da la missiva dal Cussegl federal dals 29 da zercladur 1988,concluda: SR 101 Versiun tenor la cifra 8 da l’agiunta da la LF dals 21 da zer. 2013, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2015 3631; BBl 2009 8533).BBl 1988 III 1731. chapitel Disposiziuns generalas Art. 1 Intent  Questa lescha duai:a. conservar il guaud en sia surfatscha ed en sia repartiziun geografica;b. proteger il guaud sco biocenosa natirala;c. procurar ch’il guaud possia ademplir sias funcziuns, en spezial sia funcziun da protecziun, sia funcziun sociala e sia funcziun economica (funcziuns dal guaud);d. promover e mantegnair l’economia forestala. Ella duai ultra da quai gidar a proteger umans e valurs materialas considerablas cunter lavinas, bovas, erosiun e crudada da crappa (eveniments da la natira).Art. 2 Noziun dal guaud  Sco guaud valan tut las surfatschas ch’èn cuvertas cun bostgs da guaud u cun chaglias da guaud e che pon ademplir funcziuns dal guaud. Lur origin, lur moda d’utilisaziun e lur designaziun en il register funsil n’èn betg elements relevants en quest reguard. Sco guaud valan er:a. guauds pasculads, pastgiras surcreschidas cun bostgs e selvas;b. surfatschas betg surcreschidas u nunproductivas d’in guaud, sco cleragls, vias da guaud ed auters edifizis e stabiliments forestals;c. bains immobigliars suttamess a l’obligaziun da replantaziun. Betg sco guaud na valan gruppas da bostgs e da chaglias isoladas, sco saivs vivas, aleas, ierts, spazis verds, parcs, culturas da bostgs plantadas sin terren avert per in’utilisaziun a curta vista sco er bostgs e chaglias sin implants d’accumulaziun u en la proxima vischinanza da tals. Entaifer il rom fixà dal Cussegl federal pon ils chantuns determinar a partir da tge ladezza, surfatscha e vegliadetgna ch’ina surfatscha surcreschenta sco er a partir da tge ladezza e surfatscha ch’ina autra populaziun forestala vala sco guaud. Sche la populaziun forestala ademplescha funcziuns socialas u funcziuns da protecziun spezialmain impurtantas, n’èn ils criteris chantunals betg decisivs.Art. 3 Mantegniment dal guaud La surfatscha da guaud na duai betg vegnir diminuida.2. chapitel Protecziun dal guaud cunter intervenziuns 1. secziun Runcada e determinaziun dal guaud Art. 4 Noziun da la runcada Sco runcada vala la midada permanenta u temporara da l’intent dal terren da guaud.Art. 5 Scumond da runcar e permissiuns excepziunalas  Runcadas èn scumandadas. Ina permissiun excepziunala dastga vegnir concedida, sch’il petent cumprova ch’i sajan avant maun motivs impurtants per la runcada, ils quals predomineschan l’interess da conservar il guaud, e sch’i èn ultra da quai ademplidas las suandantas premissas:a. l’ovra, per la quala i duai vegnir runcà, sto esser dependenta dal lieu previs;b. l’ovra sto ademplir materialmain las premissas da la planisaziun dal territori;c. la runcada na dastga betg chaschunar privels serius per l’ambient. Betg sco motivs impurtants na valan interess finanzials, sco l’utilisaziun dal terren cun il pli grond profit pussaivel u la procuraziun da terren bunmartgà per intents betg forestals. Sch’ina autoritad sto decider davart la permissiun da construir stabiliments che dovran energias regenerablas e da stabiliments che transportan e distribueschan energia, sto – en il rom da la ponderaziun dals interess – l’interess naziunal da realisar quests projects vegnir considerà sco equivalent ad auters interess naziunals. Da la protecziun da la natira e da la patria stoi vegnir tegnì quint. Permissiuns da runcar ston vegnir concedidas per ina durada limitada. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 6 Cumpetenza  Permissiuns excepziunalas vegnan concedidas:a. da las autoritads federalas, sch’ellas decidan davart la construcziun u la midada d’ina ovra, per la quala i duai vegnir runcà;b. da las autoritads chantunalas, sch’ellas decidan davart la construcziun u la midada d’ina ovra, per la quala i duai vegnir runcà. Avant che decider davart ina permissiun excepziunala sto l’autoritad chantunala consultar l’Uffizi federal d’ambient (uffizi federal), sche:a. ina surfatscha da passa 5000 m duai vegnir runcada; en cas ch’i vegnan preschentadas pliras dumondas da runcar per la medema ovra, è decisiva la surfatscha totala;b. il guaud che duai vegnir runcà è situà en plirs chantuns. Versiun tenor la cifra I 17 da la LF dals 18 da zer. 1999 davart la coordinaziun e la simplificaziun da proceduras da decisiun, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2000 (AS 1999 3071; BBl 1998 2591). La designaziun da l’unitad administrativa è vegnida adattada applitgond l’art. 16 al. 3 da l’O dals 17 da nov. 2004 davart las publicaziuns uffizialas (AS 2004 4937).Art. 7 Cumpensaziun per runcadas  Per mintga runcada sto vegnir prestada ina cumpensaziun reala en la medema regiun e cun spezias confurmas al lieu. Empè d’ina cumpensaziun reala pon vegnir prendidas mesiras equivalentas a favur da la protecziun da la natira e da la cuntrada:a. en territoris, nua che la surfatscha da guaud crescha;b. excepziunalmain en ils ulteriurs territoris per schanegiar terren agricul sco er territoris cun in’ecologia u cun ina cuntrada preziusa. Da la cumpensaziun per runcadas poi vegnir desistì:a. per recuperar terren agricul sin surfatschas surcreschidas durant ils ultims 30 onns;b. per garantir la protecziun cunter aua gronda e per revitalisar auas;c. per mantegnair e per augmentar la valur da biotops tenor ils artitgels 18a e 18b alinea 1 da la Lescha federala dal 1. da fanadur 1966 davart la protecziun da la natira e da la patria. Sche terren agricul recuperà tenor l’alinea 3 litera a vegn attribuì entaifer 30 onns ad in auter intent, sto la cumpensaziun per las runcadas vegnir prestada posteriuramain. Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 16 da mars 2012, en vigur dapi il 1. da fan. 2013 (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397 4425). SR 451Art. 8 Abolì tras la cifra I da la LF dals 16 da mars 2012, cun effect dapi il 1. da fan. 2013 (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397 4425).Art. 9 Gulivaziun Ils chantuns procuran per ina gulivaziun commensurada d’avantatgs considerabels che resultan tras permissiuns da runcar, ma che na vegnan betg tractads tenor l’artitgel 5 da la Lescha federala dals 22 da zercladur 1979 davart la planisaziun dal territori.SR 700Art. 10 Determinaziun dal guaud  Tgi che cumprova in interess degn da protecziun, po laschar constatar dal chantun, sch’ina surfatscha sto vegnir considerada sco guaud. En il rom dal decret e da la revisiun da plans d’utilisaziun tenor la Lescha federala dals 22 da zercladur 1979 davart la planisaziun dal territori sto ina determinaziun dal guaud vegnir ordinada en territoris:a. nua che zonas da construcziun cunfineschan u duain cunfinar en l’avegnir cun il guaud;b. ordaifer las zonas da construcziun, nua ch’il chantun vul impedir ina creschientscha dal guaud. Sch’ina dumonda per ina determinaziun dal guaud stat en connex cun ina dumonda da runcar, sa drizza la cumpetenza tenor l’artitgel 6. L’autoritad federala cumpetenta decida sin proposta da l’autoritad chantunala cumpetenta. SR 700 Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 16 da mars 2012, en vigur dapi il 1. da fan. 2013 (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397 4425). Integrà la segunda frasa tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).2. secziun Guaud e planisaziun dal territori Art. 11 Runcada e permissiun da construcziun  La permissiun da runcar na dispensescha betg da dumandar la permissiun da construcziun previsa tenor la Lescha federala dals 22 da zercladur 1979 davart la planisaziun dal territori. Sch’in project da construcziun dovra tant ina permissiun da runcar sco er ina permissiun excepziunala per construir ordaifer la zona da construcziun, dastga la permissiun excepziunala vegnir concedida mo en enclegientscha cun l’autoritad cumpetenta tenor l’artitgel 6 da questa lescha.SR 700Art. 12 Integraziun dal guaud en ils plans d’utilisaziun Per attribuir guaud ad ina zona d’utilisaziun dovri ina permissiun da runcar.Art. 13 Cunfinaziun tranter guaud e zonas d’utilisaziun  Cunfins da guaud ch’èn vegnids determinads tenor l’artitgel 10 alinea 2 vegnan inscrits sin ils plans d’utilisaziun. Novas populaziuns forestalas ordaifer quests cunfins da guaud na valan betg sco guaud. Ils cunfins da guaud pon vegnir examinads en la procedura per la determinaziun dal guaud tenor l’artitgel 10, sch’ils plans d’utilisaziun vegnan revedids e sche las relaziuns effectivas èn sa midadas considerablamain. Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 16 da mars 2012, en vigur dapi il 1. da fan. 2013 (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397 4425). Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 16 da mars 2012, en vigur dapi il 1. da fan. 2013 (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397 4425). Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 16 da mars 2012, en vigur dapi il 1. da fan. 2013 (AS 2013 1981; BBl 2011 4397 4425).3. secziun Access al guaud e charrar en il guaud Art. 14 Accessibladad  Ils chantuns procuran ch’il guaud saja accessibel a la publicitad. Nua che la conservaziun dal guaud u auters interess publics, en spezial la protecziun da plantas e d’animals selvadis, pretendan quai, ston ils chantuns:a. restrenscher l’accessibladad a tscherts territoris da guaud;b. suttametter la realisaziun d’occurrenzas grondas en il guaud a l’obligaziun da dumandar ina permissiun.Art. 15 Traffic da vehichels a motor  En il guaud e sin vias da guaud dastgi vegnir charrà cun vehichels a motor mo per intents forestals. Il Cussegl federal regla las excepziuns per incumbensas militaras e per autras incumbensas publicas. Ils chantuns pon permetter da charrar sin vias da guaud per ulteriurs intents, sche la conservaziun dal guaud u auters interess publics na s’opponan betg a quai. Ils chantuns procuran per la signalisaziun correspundenta e per las controllas necessarias. Nua che la signalisaziun e las controllas na bastan betg, pon vegnir montadas barrieras.4. secziun Protecziun cunter autras influenzas nuschaivlas Art. 16 Utilisaziuns dischavantagiusas  Utilisaziuns che n’èn betg runcadas en il senn da l’artitgel 4, ma che pericliteschan u sminueschan las funcziuns u la cultivaziun dal guaud, èn scumandadas. Dretgs sin talas utilisaziuns ston vegnir annullads, sche necessari sin via d’expropriaziun. Ils chantuns decreteschan las disposiziuns necessarias. Per motivs impurtants pon las autoritads cumpetentas permetter talas utilisaziuns sut cundiziuns e sut pretensiuns. Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 17 Distanza dal guaud  Edifizis e stabiliments en la vischinanza dal guaud èn mo admissibels, sch’els na sminueschan betg la conservaziun, la tgira e l’utilisaziun dal guaud. Per edifizis e per stabiliments prescrivan ils chantuns ina distanza minimala commensurada davent da l’ur dal guaud. Quai fan els tegnend quint da la situaziun e da l’autezza previsibla dals bostgs. Per motivs impurtants pon las autoritads cumpetentas permetter – sut cundiziuns e sut pretensiuns – distanzas minimalas pli pitschnas. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 18 Substanzas privlusas per l’ambient En il guaud na dastgan vegnir utilisadas naginas substanzas privlusas per l’ambient. La legislaziun davart la protecziun da l’ambient regla las excepziuns.3. chapitel Protecziun cunter eveniments da la natira Art. 19Nua che la protecziun da persunas u da valurs materialas considerablas pretenda quai, segireschan ils chantuns ils territoris da lavinas, da bovas, d’erosiun e da crudada da crappa e procuran per rempars d’auals en il guaud. Per las mesiras ston vegnir applitgadas metodas uschè natiralas sco pussaivel. Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).4. chapitel Tgira ed utilisaziun dal guaud 1. secziun Cultivaziun dal guaud Art. 20 Princips da cultivaziun  Il guaud sto vegnir cultivà uschia, ch’el po ademplir permanentamain ed illimitadamain sias funcziuns (persistenza). Ils chantuns decreteschan prescripziuns da planisaziun e da cultivaziun; quai fan els tegnend quint da las necessitads dal provediment cun laina, da la selvicultura natirala sco er da la protecziun da la natira e da la patria. Sch’il stadi dal guaud e la conservaziun dal guaud permettan quai, poi vegnir desistì dal tuttafatg u per part da tgirar e d’utilisar il guaud, en spezial per motivs da l’ecologia e da la cuntrada. Per mantegnair la diversitad da las spezias da la fauna e da la flora pon ils chantuns determinar surfatschas commensuradas sco reservats da guaud. Nua che la funcziun da protecziun pretenda quai, garanteschan ils chantuns ina tgira minimala.Art. 21 Explotaziun da laina Tgi che vul terrar bostgs en il guaud, dovra ina permissiun dal servetsch forestal. Ils chantuns pon prevair excepziuns.Art. 21a Segirezza a la lavur Per garantir la segirezza a la lavur ston mandataris che fan lavurs da racolta da laina en il guaud cumprovar che las forzas da lavur engaschadas hajan frequentà in curs da sensibilisaziun per ils privels da lavurs forestalas, il qual è renconuschì da la Confederaziun. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 22 Scumond da tagls cumplets  Tagls cumplets e furmas da l’explotaziun da laina cun effects sumegliants a tagls cumplets èn scumandads. Per mesiras selviculturalas spezialas pon ils chantuns permetter excepziuns.Art. 23 Replantaziun da cleragls  Sche intervenziuns u eveniments da la natira han chaschunà cleragls che pericliteschan la stabilitad u la funcziun da protecziun d’in guaud, stoi vegnir garantì che questas surfatschas vegnian replantadas. Sche quai na succeda betg tras regiuvinaziun natirala, ston ils cleragls vegnir replantads cun spezias da bostgs e da chaglias confurmas al lieu.Art. 24 Semenza da multiplicaziun forestala  Per plantaziuns forestalas dastgan vegnir utilisadas mo semenzas e plantas ch’èn saunas e confurmas al lieu. Il Cussegl federal decretescha prescripziuns davart l’origin, l’utilisaziun, il commerzi e la segirezza da la semenza da multiplicaziun forestala.Art. 25 Alienaziun e partiziun  L’alienaziun da guaud en proprietad da vischnancas e da corporaziuns e la partiziun da guaud dovran ina permissiun chantunala. Quella dastga vegnir concedida mo, sche las funcziuns dal guaud na vegnan betg sminuidas tras quai. Sche l’alienaziun u la partiziun dovra a medem temp ina permissiun tenor la Lescha federala dals 4 d’october 1991 davart il dretg funsil puril, procuran ils chantuns che las proceduras da permissiun vegnian unidas e terminadas tras ina suletta decisiun.SR 211.412.112. secziun Prevenziun e reparaziun da donns dal guaud Art. 26 Mesiras da la Confederaziun  Il Cussegl federal decretescha prescripziuns davart mesiras per prevegnir e per reparar donns che vegnan chaschunads tras eveniments da la natira u tras organissems nuschaivels e che pon periclitar considerablamain il guaud e sias funcziuns. Per proteger il guaud cunter organissems nuschaivels po il Cussegl federal en spezial scumandar u restrenscher l’utilisaziun da tscherts organissems, da tschertas plantas e da tscherta rauba sco er introducir obligaziuns da permissiun, d’annunzia, da registraziun e da documentaziun. La Confederaziun procura per mesiras als cunfins naziunals sco er per la determinaziun e per la coordinaziun da mesiras interchantunalas dals chantuns a l’intern dal pajais. Ella maina in servetsch federal da protecziun da las plantas ch’è suttamess – en il sectur dal guaud – a l’uffizi federal. Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 27 Mesiras dals chantuns  Cun resalva da l’artitgel 26 prendan ils chantuns mesiras cunter ils motivs e las consequenzas da donns che pon periclitar considerablamain la conservaziun dal guaud e sias funcziuns. Els surveglian en spezial ils organissems nuschaivels sin lur territori. Els reguleschan las populaziuns da selvaschina uschia, che la conservaziun dal guaud, en spezial sia regiuvinaziun natirala cun spezias da bostgs confurmas al lieu, è garantida senza stuair prender mesiras da protecziun. Nua che quai n’è betg pussaivel, prendan els mesiras per prevegnir a donns da selvaschina. Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 27a Mesiras cunter organissems nuschaivels  Tgi che utilisescha material vegetal, sto observar ils princips da la protecziun da las plantas. En cooperaziun cun ils chantuns pertutgads fixescha la Confederaziun strategias e directivas per mesiras cunter organissems nuschaivels che pon periclitar considerablamain il guaud e sias funcziuns. Las mesiras ston vegnir concepidas uschia, che:a. organissems nuschaivels scuverts da nov vegnian eliminads a temp;b. organissems nuschaivels derasads vegnian franads, sch’il niz ch’è da spetgar predominescha ils custs dal cumbat;c. organissems nuschaivels vegnian eliminads u franads er ordaifer l’areal da guaud per proteger il guaud. Possessurs da bostgs, da chaglias, d’ulteriuras plantas, da culturas, da material vegetal, da meds da producziun e d’objects ch’èn infectads u che pudessan esser infectads d’organissems nuschaivels u ch’èn sezs organissems nuschaivels, ston procurar per la surveglianza, l’isolaziun, il tractament u la destrucziun da quels en collavuraziun cun las autoritads cumpetentas u tolerar questas mesiras. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 28 Mesiras extraordinarias en cas da catastrofas forestalas En cas da catastrofas forestalas po l’Assamblea federala prender mesiras che servan en spezial al mantegniment da l’economia forestala e da l’economia da laina, e quai cun agid da conclus federals generalmain liants betg suttamess al referendum.Art. 28a Mesiras en connex cun la midada dal clima La Confederaziun ed ils chantuns prendan mesiras che gidan il guaud ad ademplir sias funcziuns en moda persistenta er sut cundiziuns climaticas midadas. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).5. chapitel Mesiras da promoziun 1. secziun Scolaziun, cussegliaziun, perscrutaziun e procuraziun da las infurmaziuns da basaArt. 29 Incumbensas da scolaziun da la Confederaziun  La Confederaziun coordinescha e promova la scolaziun forestala. En collavuraziun cun ils chantuns procura ella per la scolaziun e per la furmaziun supplementara forestala teoretica e pratica sin il stgalim universitar. ... Per la furmaziun professiunala dal persunal forestal vala la legislaziun davart la furmaziun professiunala. Il Cussegl federal fixescha ils secturs da la scolaziun forestala, en ils quals il Departament federal per ambient, traffic, energia e communicaziun exequescha questa legislaziun. Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Abolì tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, cun effect dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Versiun tenor la cifra II 6 da l’agiunta da la LF dals 13 da dec. 2002 davart la furmaziun professiunala, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2004 (AS 2003 4557; BBl 2000 5686).Art. 30 Incumbensas da scolaziun e da cussegliaziun dals chantuns Ils chantuns procuran per la scolaziun dals lavurants da guaud e per la cussegliaziun dals proprietaris da guaud.Art. 31 Perscrutaziun e svilup  La Confederaziun po surdar lavurs u sustegnair lavurs cun agids finanzials per ils suandants intents:a. la perscrutaziun dal guaud;b. la perscrutaziun ed il svilup da mesiras per proteger il guaud cunter influenzas nuschaivlas;c. la perscrutaziun ed il svilup da mesiras per proteger umans e valurs materialas considerablas cunter eveniments da la natira;d. la perscrutaziun ed il svilup da mesiras per meglierar la vendita e l’utilisaziun da la laina. Ella po endrizzar e manar instituts da perscrutaziun.Art. 32 Delegaziun d’incumbensas ad associaziuns  La Confederaziun po surdar ad associaziuns d’impurtanza naziunala incumbensas che stattan en l’interess da la conservaziun dal guaud e conceder ad ellas agids finanzials per quest intent. Incumbensas particularmain impurtantas per tschertas regiuns, en spezial en il territori da muntogna, po ella er delegar ad associaziuns chantunalas u regiunalas.Art. 33 Retschertgas  La Confederaziun procura per retschertgas periodicas davart ils lieus, las funcziuns ed il stadi dal guaud, davart la producziun e l’utilisaziun da la laina sco er davart las structuras e la situaziun economica da l’economia forestala. Ils proprietaris da guaud sco er ils organs responsabels dals manaschis da l’economia forestala e da l’economia da laina ston dar a las autoritads las infurmaziuns necessarias ed, en cas da basegn, tolerar scleriments. Persunas ch’èn incaricadas cun la realisaziun u cun l’evaluaziun da retschertgas èn suttamessas al secret d’uffizi.Art. 34 Infurmaziun La Confederaziun ed ils chantuns procuran che las autoritads e la publicitad vegnian infurmadas davart l’impurtanza e davart il stadi dal guaud sco er davart l’economia forestala e davart l’economia da laina.1a. secziun Promoziun da la laina Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Art. 34a Vendita ed utilisaziun da laina La Confederaziun promova la vendita e l’utilisaziun da laina producida ecologicamain, en spezial cun sustegnair projects innovativs.Art. 34b Edifizis e stabiliments da la Confederaziun  En il rom da la planisaziun, da la construcziun e da la gestiun d’agens edifizis e stabiliments promova la Confederaziun – uschenavant che quai è cunvegnent – l’utilisaziun da laina producida ecologicamain. En il rom da l’acquisiziun da products da lain resguarda ella ina cultivaziun persistenta dal guaud che s’accorda cun la natira, sco er la finamira da reducir las emissiuns da gas cun effect da serra.2. secziun Finanziaziun Art. 35 Princips  Contribuziuns da promoziun tenor questa lescha vegnan concedidas en il rom dals credits approvads sut la premissa che:a. las mesiras sajan economicas e vegnian exequidas en moda professiunala;b. las mesiras vegnian giuditgadas en moda globala ensemen cun las mesiras d’autras leschas federalas ed en connex cun talas;c. il retschavider furneschia in’atgna prestaziun che stat en ina relaziun adequata cun sia capacitad economica, cun las ulteriuras funtaunas da finanziaziun e cun l’agid a sasez che po vegnir pretendì dad el;d. terzs – saja quai giudiders u chaschunaders da donns – sa participeschian a la finanziaziun;e. conflicts vegnian reglads en moda persistenta a favur da la conservaziun dal guaud. Il Cussegl federal po prevair che contribuziuns vegnan pajadas mo a retschaviders che sa participeschan a mesiras da l’agid a sasez da l’economia forestala e da l’economia da laina. Versiun tenor la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029).Art. 36 Protecziun cunter eveniments da la natira  Sin basa da cunvegnas da program conceda la Confederaziun als chantuns indemnisaziuns globalas per mesiras che protegian umans e valurs materialas considerablas cunter eveniments da la natira, en spezial per:a. construir, reparar e remplazzar ovras e stabiliments da protecziun;b. crear guauds cun ina funcziun da protecziun particulara sco er tgirar correspundentamain il guaud giuven;c. elavurar catasters e chartas da privels, endrizzar e manar posts da mesiraziun sco er stabilir servetschs da preavertiment per segirar abitadis e vias da traffic. Excepziunalmain po ella conceder en il cas singul indemnisaziuns sin basa d’ina disposiziun per projects che pretendan in giudicament da la Confederaziun. L’autezza da las indemnisaziuns sa drizza tenor la periclitaziun tras eveniments da la natira sco er tenor ils custs e tenor l’efficacitad da las mesiras.Versiun tenor la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Versiun tenor la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Integrà tras la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Integrà tras la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029).Art. 37 Guaud da protecziun  Sin basa da cunvegnas da program conceda la Confederaziun als chantuns indemnisaziuns globalas per mesiras ch’èn necessarias per ademplir la funcziun dal guaud da protecziun, en spezial per:a. tgirar il guaud da protecziun, inclusiv prevegnir e reparar donns dal guaud che pericliteschan il guaud da protecziun;b. garantir l’infrastructura per la tgira dal guaud da protecziun, uschenavant che tala prenda resguard dal guaud sco biocenosa natirala. Excepziunalmain po ella conceder indemnisaziuns sin basa d’ina disposiziun per projects che resultan en consequenza d’eveniments da la natira extraordinaris. L’autezza da las indemnisaziuns sa drizza tenor la surfatscha dal guaud da protecziun ch’è da tgirar, tenor la periclitaziun ch’è d’impedir e tenor l’efficacitad da las mesiras. Versiun tenor la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 37a Mesiras cunter donns dal guaud ordaifer il guaud da protecziun  Sin basa da cunvegnas da program conceda la Confederaziun als chantuns indemnisaziuns globalas per mesiras che han l’intent da prevegnir e da reparar donns dal guaud ordaifer il guaud da protecziun, ils quals vegnan chaschunads tras eveniments da la natira u tras organissems nuschaivels. Excepziunalmain po ella conceder en il cas singul indemnisaziuns sin basa d’ina disposiziun per projects che pretendan in giudicament da la Confederaziun. L’autezza da las indemnisaziuns sa drizza tenor la periclitaziun ch’è d’impedir e tenor l’efficacitad da las mesiras. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 37b Indemnisaziun da custs  Als adressats da mesiras cunter organissems nuschaivels tenor l’artitgel 27a alinea 3 po vegnir pajada ina indemnisaziun adequata per ils custs da prevenziun, da cumbat e da restabiliment che na vegnan betg surpigliads tenor l’artitgel 48a. Las indemnisaziuns vegnan fixadas definitivamain da l’autoritad cumpetenta en ina procedura uschè simpla sco pussaivel e gratuita per il donnegià. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 38 Diversitad biologica dal guaud  Sin basa da cunvegnas da program conceda la Confederaziun als chantuns agids finanzials globals per mesiras che gidan ad ademplir ed a meglierar la diversitad biologica en il guaud, en spezial per:a. la protecziun ed il mantegniment da reservats da guaud e d’auters spazis vitals dal guaud ecologicamain prezius;b. la promoziun da la diversitad da las spezias e da la diversitad genetica en il guaud;c. la colliaziun da spazis vitals dal guaud;d. il mantegniment da modas tradiziunalas da cultivar il guaud;e. ... ... L’autezza dals agids finanzials sa drizza tenor l’impurtanza da las mesiras per la diversitad biologica e tenor l’efficacitad da las mesiras. Versiun tenor la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Abolì tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, cun effect dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Abolì tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, cun effect dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 38a Cultivaziun dal guaud  La Confederaziun conceda agids finanzials per mesiras che megliereschan la rentabilitad da la cultivaziun persistenta dal guaud, en spezial per:a. basas da planisaziun che pertutgan plirs manaschis;b. mesiras per meglierar las cundiziuns da cultivaziun dals manaschis da l’economia forestala;c. mesiras temporaras per la reclama e per la promoziun da la vendita prendidas cuminaivlamain da l’economia forestala e da l’economia da laina en cas d’extraordinariamain blera laina;d. il deposit da laina en cas d’extraordinariamain blera laina;e. la promoziun da la scolaziun dals lavurants da guaud e la scolaziun pratica dals spezialists forestals dal stgalim universitar;f. mesiras che gidan il guaud ad ademplir sias funcziuns er sut cundiziuns climaticas midadas, en spezial la tgira dal guaud giuven e la producziun da semenza da multiplicaziun forestala;g. l’adattaziun u la reparaziun da stabiliments d’avertura, uschenavant ch’els èn necessaris per la cultivaziun dal guaud en il rom da concepts generals, ch’els tegnan quint dal guaud sco biocenosa natirala e ch’i vegnan evitadas averturas excessivas. Ella conceda agids finanzials:a. per mesiras tenor l’alinea 1 literas a, b e d–g: sco contribuziuns globalas sin basa da cunvegnas da program concludidas cun ils chantuns;b. per mesiras tenor l’alinea 1 litera c: sin basa d’ina disposiziun da l’uffizi federal. L’autezza dals agids finanzials sa drizza tenor l’efficacitad da las mesiras. Integrà tras la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 39 Scolaziun  La Confederaziun paja contribuziuns per la scolaziun dal persunal forestal tenor ils artitgels 52–59 da la Lescha federala dals 13 da december 2002 davart la furmaziun professiunala. En divergenza da l’alinea 1 surpiglia ella fin 50 pertschient dals custs specifics per la professiun, en spezial per la scolaziun pratica dal persunal forestal liada al lieu e per la creaziun da meds d’instrucziun per il persunal forestal. ... SR 412.10 Versiun tenor la cifra II 6 da l’agiunta da la LF dals 13 da dec. 2002 davart la furmaziun professiunala, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2004 (AS 2003 4557; BBl 2000 5686). Versiun tenor la cifra II 6 da l’agiunta da la LF dals 13 da dec. 2002 davart la furmaziun professiunala, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2004 (AS 2003 4557; BBl 2000 5686). Abolì tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, cun effect dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 40 Credits d’investiziun  La Confederaziun po conceder emprests restituibels senza tschains u a tschains bass:a. sco credits da construcziun;b. per finanziar ils custs restants da mesiras ch’èn subvenziunablas tenor ils artitgels 36, 37 e 38a alinea 1 litera b;c. per acquistar vehichels, maschinas ed apparats forestals sco er per construir stabiliments per manaschis forestals. Ils emprests vegnan concedids per ina durada limitada. Ils emprests vegnan concedids mo sin proposta dal chantun. Sch’in debitur n’ademplescha betg sia obligaziun da restituziun, sto il chantun pertutgà surpigliar la restituziun empè dal debitur. Restituziuns ston vegnir impundidas per novs credits d’investiziun. Versiun tenor la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029).Art. 41 Metter a disposiziun las contribuziuns  Tras in conclus federal simpel permetta l’Assamblea federala mintga 4 onns in credit d’impegn d’ina durada limitada per la garanzia da contribuziuns e d’emprests. Contribuziuns per la superaziun d’eveniments da la natira extraordinaris vegnan concedidas per ina durada limitada tenor la durada da las mesiras correspundentas. Versiun tenor la cifra II 30 da la LF dals 6 d’oct. 2006 davart la nova concepziun da la gulivaziun da finanzas e da la repartiziun da las incumbensas tranter la Confederaziun ed ils chantuns (NGF), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 5779; BBl 2005 6029). Expressiun tenor la cifra 9 da l’agiunta da la LF dals 19 da mars 2021, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2022 (AS 2021 662; BBl 2020 349). Questa midada è vegnida fatga en las disposiziuns numnadas en la AS.3. secziun Ulteriuras mesiras Integrà tras la cifra 8 da l’agiunta da la LF dals 21 da zer. 2013, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2015 3631; BBl 2009 8533). Art. 41a Per promover la qualitad e la vendita po il Cussegl federal decretar prescripziuns davart la designaziun voluntara da products forestals e da lur elavuraziuns. Per la registraziun e per la protecziun da las designaziuns sco er per la procedura vala la Lescha federala dals 29 d’avrigl 1998 davart l’agricultura. SR 910.16. chapitel Disposiziuns penalas Art. 42 Delicts  Cun in chasti da detenziun da fin 1 onn u cun in chasti pecuniar vegn chastià, tgi che fa intenziunadamain il suandant:a. runca guaud senza autorisaziun;b. obtegna – tras indicaziuns nunvairas u incumplettas u en autra moda – per sasez u per in auter ina prestaziun, da la quala el n’ha nagin dretg;c. tralascha u impedescha ina replantaziun prescritta. Sch’il delinquent agescha per negligientscha, importa la multa fin 40 000 francs. Versiun tenor l’art. 333 dal Cudesch penal (SR 311.0) en la versiun da la LF dals 13 da dec. 2002, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2007 (AS 2006 3459; BBl 1999 1979).Art. 43 Surpassaments  Cun ina multa fin 20 000 francs vegn chastià, tgi che fa intenziunadamain e senza autorisaziun il suandant:a. mida l’intent d’edifizis e da stabiliments forestals;b. restrenscha l’accessibladad al guaud;c. na respecta betg las restricziuns d’access tenor l’artitgel 14;d. charrescha cun vehichels a motor en il guaud u sin vias da guaud;e. terrescha bostgs en il guaud;f. impedescha scleriments, violescha l’obligaziun da dar infurmaziuns cun dar infurmaziuns nunvairas u incumplettas u refusa da dar infurmaziuns;g. na respecta betg – entaifer u ordaifer il guaud – las prescripziuns davart mesiras che han l’intent da prevegnir e da reparar donns dal guaud sco er davart mesiras cunter malsognas e cunter parasits che pon periclitar il guaud; l’artitgel 233 dal Cudesch penal resta resalvà;h. na respecta betg prescripziuns davart l’origin, l’utilisaziun, il commerzi e la segirezza da la semenza da multiplicaziun forestala. Sch’ina cuntravenziun è a medem temp ina cuntravenziun cunter la legislaziun da duana, vegn ella persequitada e giuditgada a norma da la Lescha da duana dal 1. d’october 1925. L’emprova e la cumplicitad èn chastiablas. Sch’il delinquent agescha per negligientscha, vegn el chastià cun ina multa. Ils chantuns pon chastiar cuntravenziuns cunter il dretg chantunal sco surpassaments. Versiun tenor l’art. 333 dal Cudesch penal (SR 311.0) en la versiun da la LF dals 13 da dec. 2002, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2007 (AS 2006 3459; BBl 1999 1979).SR 311.0[BS 6 465; AS 1956 587; 1959 1343 art. 11 cifra III; 1973 644; 1974 1857 agiunta cifra 7; 1980 1793 cifra I 1; 1992 1670 cifra III; 1994 1634 cifra I 3; 1995 1816; 1996 3371 agiunta 2 cifra 2; 1997 2465 agiunta cifra 13; 2000 1300 art. 92, 1891 cifra VI 6; 2002 248 cifra I 1 art. 41; 2004 4763 agiunta cifra II 1; 2006 2197 agiunta cifra 50. AS 2007 1411 art. 131 al. 1]. Guardar oz: Lescha da duana dals 18 da mars 2005 (SR 631.0).Art. 44 Delicts e surpassaments en interpresas Sch’il delict u il surpassament vegn commess en l’interpresa d’ina persuna giuridica, d’ina societad da persunas u d’ina firma singula u en il manaschi d’ina corporaziun u d’in institut da dretg public, valan ils artitgels 6 e 7 da la Lescha federala dals 22 da mars 1974 davart il dretg penal administrativ.SR 313.0Art. 45 Persecuziun penala La persecuziun penala è chaussa dals chantuns.7. chapitel Procedura ed execuziun 1. secziun Procedura Art. 46 Giurisdicziun  La procedura da recurs sa drizza tenor las disposiziuns generalas da l’Organisaziun giudiziala. ed  ... L’uffizi federal è autorisà da prender ils meds legals dal dretg federal e chantunal cunter disposiziuns da las autoritads chantunalas en connex cun l’applicaziun da questa lescha e da ses decrets executivs. Il dretg da recurs dals chantuns, da las vischnancas e da las associaziuns per la protecziun da la natira e da la patria sa drizza tenor ils artitgels 12–12g da la Lescha federala dal 1. da fanadur 1966 davart la protecziun da la natira e da la patria. El è er applitgabel cunter disposiziuns che vegnan decretadas sin basa dals artitgels 5, 7, 8, 10, 12 e 13 da questa lescha. Il Cussegl federal po prevair en ils decrets executivs ina procedura da protesta cunter disposiziuns da l’emprima instanza. Versiun tenor la cifra 127 da l’agiunta da la LF dals 17 da zer. 2005 davart il TAF, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). Integrà tras la cifra 9 da la L dals 21 da mars 2003 davart la tecnica genetica (AS 2003 4803; BBl 2000 2391). Abolì tras la cifra 127 da l’agiunta da la LF dals 17 da zer. 2005 davart il TAF, cun effect dapi il 1. da schan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). Expressiun tenor la cifra I 17 da la LF dals 18 da zer. 1999 davart la coordinaziun e la simplificaziun da proceduras da decisiun, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2000 (AS 1999 3071; BBl 1998 2591). SR 451 Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 47 Valaivladad da permissiuns e d’ordinaziuns Permissiuns ed ordinaziuns tenor questa lescha han pir effect giuridic, cur ch’ellas han survegnì forza legala. Resalvà resta l’artitgel 12e da la Lescha federala dal 1. da fanadur 1966 davart la protecziun da la natira e da la patria. SR 451 Integrà la segunda frasa tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 48 Expropriaziun  Sche las mesiras per conservar il guaud u la construcziun d’edifizis e da stabiliments per la protecziun cunter eveniments da la natira pretendan quai, pon ils chantuns acquistar la proprietad funsila necessaria ed eventualas servituts sin via d’expropriaziun. En lur prescripziuns executivas pon els declerar sco applitgabla la Lescha federala dals 20 da zercladur 1930 davart l’expropriaziun; en quest cas decida la regenza chantunala davart protestas ch’èn anc pendentas. Sche l’object da l’expropriaziun s’extenda sin il territori da plirs chantuns, è applitgabla la Lescha federala davart l’expropriaziun.SR 711Art. 48a Adossament dals custs al chaschunader Ils custs da mesiras che las autoritads prendan u ordineschan per defender il guaud cunter ina periclitaziun u ina sminuziun che smanatscha directamain sco er per constatar e per reparar tala, vegnan adossads al chaschunader culpaivel. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).2. secziun Execuziun Art. 49 Confederaziun  La Confederaziun surveglia l’execuziun da questa lescha ed exequescha las incumbensas che questa lescha deleghescha directamain ad ella. Ella coordinescha sias mesiras executivas cun quellas dals chantuns. Avant che decretar ina disposiziun en applicaziun da la Lescha dal guaud sin basa d’ina autra lescha federala u sin basa d’in contract internaziunal, taidla l’autoritad federala ils chantuns pertutgads. L’uffizi federal ed ils ulteriurs servetschs federals pertutgads coopereschan a l’execuziun tenor ils artitgels 62a e 62b da la Lescha federala dals 21 da mars 1997 davart l’organisaziun da la regenza e da l’administraziun. Il Cussegl federal decretescha las prescripziuns executivas. El po delegar al Departament federal per ambient, traffic, energia e communicaziun u a ses servetschs sco er ad uffizis federals subordinads l’incumbensa da decretar prescripziuns da natira principalmain tecnica u administrativa. Versiun tenor la cifra I 17 da la LF dals 18 da zer. 1999 davart la coordinaziun e la simplificaziun da proceduras da decisiun, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2000 (AS 1999 3071; BBl 1998 2591). Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909). SR 172.010 Integrà la segunda frasa tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 50 Chantuns  Ils chantuns exequeschan questa lescha e decreteschan las prescripziuns necessarias; resalvà resta l’artitgel 49. Las autoritads chantunalas prendan immediatamain las mesiras necessarias per eliminar stadis illegals. Ellas èn autorisadas d’incassar cauziuns e d’ordinar execuziuns d’uffizi.Art. 50a Externalisaziun d’incumbensas executivas Las autoritads executivas pon incumbensar – cunter indemnisaziun – corporaziuns da dretg public u persunas privatas da far controllas u d’exequir ulteriuras mesiras executivas. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 51 Organisaziun forestala  Ils chantuns procuran per in’organisaziun cunvegnenta dal servetsch forestal. Els dividan lur territori en cirquits forestals ed en reviers forestals. Quels vegnan manads da spezialists forestals che disponan d’ina scolaziun superiura e d’experientscha pratica. Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 52 Resalva da l’approvaziun Las disposiziuns executivas chantunalas tar ils artitgels 16 alinea 1, 17 alinea 2 e 20 alinea 2 ston vegnir approvadas da la Confederaziun per esser valaivlas.Art. 53 Obligaziuns da communicaziun  Tut las disposiziuns executivas chantunalas ston vegnir communitgadas a l’uffizi federal avant lur entrada en vigur. Il Departament federal per ambient, traffic, energia e communicaziun fixescha tge disposiziuns e tge decisiuns chantunalas che ston vegnir communitgadas a l’uffizi federal.8. chapitel Disposiziuns finalas Art. 54 Aboliziun dal dretg vertent Abolids vegnan:a. la Lescha federala dals 11 d’october 1902 davart la surveglianza suprema da la Confederaziun sin la polizia forestala;b. la Lescha federala dals 21 da mars 1969 davart ils credits d’investiziun per l’economia forestala en muntogna;c. il Conclus federal dals 21 da december 1956 davart la participaziun da la Confederaziun a la reconstituziun dals guauds infectads dal cancer da la scorsa dal chastagner;d. il Conclus federal dals 23 da zercladur 1988 davart mesiras extraordinarias per la conservaziun dal guaud.[BS 9 521; AS 1954 559 cifra I 5, 1956 1215, 1965 321 art. 60, 1969 500, 1971 1190, 1977 2249 cifra I 11.11, 1985 660 cifra I 23, 1988 1696 art. 7][AS 1970 761][AS 1957 317, 1977 2249 cifra I 11.12][AS 1988 1696]Art. 55 Midada dal dretg vertent ...Las midadas pon vegnir consultadas en la AS 1992 2521.Art. 56 Disposiziuns transitoricas  Per las proceduras pendentas il mument da l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha vala il dretg nov. L’autoritad cumpetenta tenor il dretg vegl liquidescha las proceduras pendentas. Permissiuns da runcar senza durada limitada scadan 2 onns suenter l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha. Sin dumonda po l’autoritad cumpetenta conceder en il cas singul ina prolungaziun dal termin, sche las premissas per runcar èn ademplidas. La dumonda sto vegnir inoltrada avant la scadenza dal termin. L’adattaziun da disposiziuns al dretg nov resta resalvada.Mandataris che fan lavurs da racolta da laina en il guaud èn liberads durant 5 onns suenter l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha da l’obligaziun tenor l’artitgel 21a da cumprovar che las forzas da lavur engaschadas hajan frequentà in curs da sensibilisaziun per ils privels da lavurs forestalas, il qual è renconuschì da la Confederaziun. Integrà tras la cifra I da la LF dals 18 da mars 2016, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2017 (AS 2016 3207; BBl 2014 4909).Art. 57 Referendum ed entrada en vigur  Questa lescha è suttamessa al referendum facultativ. Il Cussegl federal fixescha l’entrada en vigur.Data da l’entrada en vigur: 1. da schaner 1993Art. 40 e 54 lit. b: 1. da schaner 1994COCF dals 30 da nov. 1992.