PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10932185-B2
Application Number: US-201616060401-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Transmitter and receiver for master information block over physical broadcast channel

Abstract:
Described is an apparatus of an Evolved Node-B (eNB) operable to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a wireless network. The apparatus may comprise a circuitry operable to generate a Master Information Block (MIB) for transmission on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs). The apparatus may also comprise a circuitry operable to map the MIB onto at least one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7, 8, 9 , and  10 . Transmission of the PRBs may be subject to an LBT procedure.

Claims:
We claim: 
     
       1. An apparatus of an Evolved Node-B (eNB) operable to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a wireless network, comprising:
 a memory to store instructions; and 
 one or more processors to:
 generate a Master Information Block (MIB) for transmission on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying subframe index information and a set of most significant bits of system frame number (SFN) information, wherein a set of least significant bits of the SFN information is indicated via selection of a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) and a scrambling sequence associated with the MIB; and 
 map the MIB onto at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein transmission of the PRBs is subject to a Listen Before Talk (LBT) procedure. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the subframe index information comprises a subframe offset from a start of a half radio frame. 
     
     
       3. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the subframe index information comprises four bits. 
     
     
       4. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     
     
       5. The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors are to:
 map the MIB onto OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
 
     
     
       6. The apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising a transceiver circuitry for at least one of:
 generating transmissions, encoding transmissions, processing transmissions, or decoding transmissions. 
 
     
     
       7. Machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors of an Evolved Node-B (eNB) operable to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a wireless network to perform operations comprising:
 generating a Master Information Block (MIB) for transmission on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying subframe index information and a set of most significant bits of system frame number (SFN) information, wherein a set of least significant bits of the SFN information is indicated via selection of a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) and a scrambling sequence associated with the MIB; and 
 mapping the MIB onto at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein transmission of the PRBs is subject to a Listen Before Talk (LBT) procedure. 
 
     
     
       8. The machine readable storage media of  claim 7 , wherein the subframe index information comprises a subframe offset from a start of a half radio frame. 
     
     
       9. The machine readable storage media of  claim 7 , wherein the subframe index information comprises four bits. 
     
     
       10. The machine readable storage media of  claim 7 , wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     
     
       11. The machine readable storage media of  claim 7 , the operations further comprising:
 mapping the MIB onto OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
 
     
     
       12. The machine readable storage media of  claim 7 , wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, the set of most significant bits of SFN information comprising eight bits, and a CRC field comprising 16 bits. 
     
     
       13. An apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node-B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising:
 a memory to store instructions; and 
 one or more processors to:
 process a Master Information Block (MIB) received on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying subframe index information and a set of most significant bits of system frame number (SFN) information, wherein a set of least significant bits of the SFN information is indicated via selection of a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) and a scrambling sequence associated with the MIB; and 
 de-map the MIB from at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein the PRBs are received over an unlicensed spectrum. 
 
 
     
     
       14. The apparatus of  claim 13 , wherein the subframe index information comprises a subframe offset from a start of a half radio frame. 
     
     
       15. The apparatus of  claim 13 , wherein the subframe index information comprises four bits. 
     
     
       16. The apparatus of  claim 13 , wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     
     
       17. The apparatus of  claim 13 , wherein the one or more processors are to:
 de-map the MIB from OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
 
     
     
       18. The apparatus of  claim 13 , further comprising a transceiver circuitry for at least one of:
 generating transmissions, encoding transmissions, processing transmissions, or decoding transmissions. 
 
     
     
       19. Machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node-B (eNB) on a wireless network to perform operations comprising:
 processing a Master Information Block (MIB) received on Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying subframe index information and a set of most significant bits of system frame number (SFN) information, wherein a set of least significant bits of the SFN information is indicated via selection of a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) and a scrambling sequence associated with the MIB; and 
 de-mapping the MIB from at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein the PRBs are received over an unlicensed spectrum. 
 
     
     
       20. The machine readable storage media of  claim 19 , wherein the subframe index information comprises a subframe offset from a start of a half radio frame. 
     
     
       21. The machine readable storage media of  claim 19 , wherein the subframe index information comprises four bits. 
     
     
       22. The machine readable storage media of  claim 19 , wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     
     
       23. The machine readable storage media of  claim 19 , the operations further comprising: de-mapping the MIB from OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     
     
       24. The machine readable storage media of  claim 19 , wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, the set of most significant bits of SFN information comprising eight bits, and a CRC field comprising 16 bits.

Description:
CLAIM OF PRIORITY 
     The present application is a National Stage Entry of, and claims priority to PCT Application No. PCT/US16/65463, filed on Dec. 7, 2016, entitled “Transmitter and Receiver for Master Information Block Over Physical Broadcast Channel,” which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/280,575 filed Jan. 19, 2016, entitled “MIB Over PBCH in Multefire Systems” and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/287,306 filed Jan. 26, 2016, entitled “MIB Over PBCH in Multefire Systems,” all of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     A variety of wireless cellular communication systems have been implemented over time, including a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, a 3GPP Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system, and a 3GPP LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system. Next-generation wireless cellular communication systems based upon LTE and LTE-A systems are being developed, such as a fifth generation (5G) wireless system/5G mobile networks system. 
     Meanwhile, although there is a demand for increasingly high data rates in wireless cellular communication systems, license regimes limit the extent of usable spectrum for such systems. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The embodiments of the disclosure will be understood more fully from the detailed description given below and from the accompanying drawings of various embodiments of the disclosure. However, while the drawings are to aid in explanation and understanding, they are only an aid, and should not be taken to limit the disclosure to the specific embodiments depicted therein. 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) structure in a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a scenario of transmission of PBCH and Master Information Block (MIB) over four Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 3-8  illustrate scenarios of transmission of PBCH and MIB over various numbers of OFDM symbols, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates an Evolved Node B (eNB) and a User Equipment (UE), in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 10  illustrates hardware processing circuitries for an eNB for mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates hardware processing circuitries for a UE for mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 12  illustrates methods for an eNB for mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 13  illustrates methods for a UE for mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 14  illustrates example components of a UE device, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Various wireless cellular communication systems have been implemented or are being proposed, including a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a 3GPP Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system, a 3GPP LTE-Advanced system, and a 5th Generation wireless system/5th Generation mobile networks (5G) system/5th Generation new radio (NR) system. 
     Successive generations of wireless cellular technology seek to use ever higher data rates. On one hand, as physical-layer designs and implementations progress, further improvements in spectral efficiency may be marginal. On the other hand, licensed spectrum in lower-frequency bands is scarce. Both of these factors hinder improvements in data rates. 
     The limits on licensed spectrum have fostered an emerging interest in the operation of LTE systems (and successor systems) in unlicensed spectrum. For example, License-Assisted Access (LAA) may facilitate operation of LTE systems compliant with 3GPP Release 13, which may expand system bandwidth by utilizing a flexible Carrier Aggregation (CA) framework introduced in LTE-Advanced systems. 
     Enhanced system operation in unlicensed spectrum is targeted for future 3GPP releases, which may include 5G systems. Under one approach, operation in unlicensed spectrum may include LTE operation via Dual Connectivity (DC) based LAA. Under another approach, operation in unlicensed spectrum may include standalone LTE operation in unlicensed spectrum, in which LTE-based technology may operate in unlicensed spectrum alone and might not require an “anchor.” Standalone LTE operation in unlicensed spectrum may include, for example, MulteFire™ technology by MulteFire Alliance of Fremont Calif., USA. 
     Whereas a CA-based LAA system may have an ideal backhaul between a Primary Cell (PCell) and a Secondary Cell (SCell), and may transmit system information over licensed spectrum, a DC based LAA systems may have a non-ideal backhaul between various Evolved Node-Bs (eNBs), such as between a Master (MeNB) and a Secondary eNB (SeNB). As a result, MeNB and SeNBs might not be synchronized, and a User Equipment (UE) might not be disposed to rely on System Information (SI) of an MeNB in a licensed carrier to determine SI in an unlicensed carrier. In other words, a UE may be disposed to acquiring key SI such as Master Information Block (MIB) from an SCell that may be activated with configured Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) among SeNBs. In some embodiments of DC based LAA systems, such an SCell may be termed a Primary SCell (PSCell). In some embodiments, a UE may be disposed to acquiring some System Information Blocks (SIBs) from an SeNB in scenarios in which the corresponding SI is not provided by Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling from an MeNB. 
     Meanwhile, standalone systems lacking an “anchor” operating in licensed spectrum (which may include MulteFire™ systems) may be disposed to transmitting SI, including MIBs and SIBs, in unlicensed spectrum. 
     An unlicensed frequency band of interest in the operation of LTE systems and successor systems is the 5 Gigahertz (GHz) band, which has both a wide spectrum and common availability globally. The 5 GHz band is governed in the US by Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) rules from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), and in Europe by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). 
     Collectively, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), such as WLANs based on the IEEE 802.11 a/n/ac technologies, represent a significant incumbent technology in the 5 GHz band. Since WLAN systems may be widely deployed by both individuals and operators for carrier-grade access service and data offloading, sufficient care must be taken before deployment of potentially-conflicting LTE systems in the 5 GHz band. 
     In Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) procedures, a radio transmitter may first sense a medium and may then transmit through the medium if the medium is sensed to be idle. Release-13 LTE systems employing LAA may be disposed to incorporate LBT features to promote fair coexistence with incumbent WLAN systems. 
     Meanwhile, MIBs and SIBs may include system information that UEs may be disposed to acquire in order to be able to access and operate properly within a wireless network, or within a specific cell of a wireless network. In legacy LTE systems, a MIB may consist of 3 bits of bandwidth information, 3 bits of Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Indicator Channel (PHICH) configuration information, 8 bits of System Frame Number (SFN) information, 10 reserved bits, and 16 bits of Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) information. 
     These 40 bits may be encoded with a one-third-rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). The resulting encoded 120 bits may then be repeated 16 times for a total output of 1920 bits, which may be scrambled with a scrambling sequence with a length of 1920 bits. These 1920 bits may be divided into four parts, and each part may be transmitted in subframe  0  of various radio frames within 40 milliseconds (ms). Within a duration of 40 ms, the same MIB may be repeatedly broadcast—for example, via a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)—every 10 ms, and a new MIB may be generated every 40 ms. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a PBCH structure in a 3GPP LTE system, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. A PBCH structure  100  may comprise a MIB transmission period  110  in which a plurality of Resource Blocks (RBs)  130  (which may be Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs)) are transmitted across a system bandwidth  115  in a series of radio frames  120 . As depicted in  FIG. 1 , MIB transmission period  110  may comprise 4 radio frames  120 , and each radio frame  120  may in turn comprise 10 subframes encompassing 10 RBs  130 . MIB transmission period  110  may span 40 milliseconds (ms), radio frames  120  may span 10 ms, and the subframes encompassing RBs  130  may span 1 ms. 
     Within MIB transmission period  110 , a MIB may be repeatedly broadcast via PBCH in the first subframe of each radio frame  120 . In some embodiments, the MIB may be broadcast via PBCH in the central 6 RBs  130  of the system bandwidth. Within MIB transmission period  110 , the MIBs being broadcast may be identical. After one MIB transmission period  110  ends, another may begin, in which a new and potentially different MIB may be broadcast. In other words, a new MIB may be generated every 40 ms, and the same MIB may be broadcast repeatedly every 10 ms within the 40 ms period. 
     RBs  130  may comprise pluralities of Resource Elements (REs)  140  spanning a set of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) symbols in the time domain and spanning a set of subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, an RB  130  may comprise REs  140  spanning 14 OFDM symbols (which may be enumerated from 0-13) and spanning 12 subcarriers (which may be enumerated from 0-11). 
     For OFDM symbols  0 ,  4 ,  7 , and  11  at subcarriers  0 ,  3 ,  6 , and  9 , some REs  140  may carry port  0  Cell-specific Reference Signals (CRS) and some REs  140  may carry port  1  CRS. REs  140  in OFDM symbol  5  may carry Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), while REs  140  in OFDM symbol  6  may carry Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS). Various REs  140  in OFDM symbols  7  through  10  may carry PBCH. MIB may in turn be broadcast via REs carrying Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). 
     For example, as depicted in  FIG. 1 , PBCH carrying MIB may be transmitted in the first RB  130  in a radio frame  120 . In some embodiments, PBCH carrying MIB may be transmitted in various REs  140  of the first 4 OFDM symbols of the second slot of the first subframe in the radio frame (e.g., the second half of the first RB  130  in a radio frame  120 ). 
     For some standalone systems (which may include MulteFire™ systems), some system information included in legacy LTE MIB may be less useful. As an example, some MulteFire™ systems may operate merely with a system bandwidth of 10 megahertz (MHz) or 20 MHz, and as a result, 3 bits in a MIB may not be needed for bandwidth indication. With respect to PHICH configuration information, for Release 13 LAA, a UE may not be disposed to receive PHICH. For MulteFire™ systems, a PHICH configuration may be fixed to a smallest value, which may advantageously reduce overhead. A UE may not be disposed to receive PHICH in MulteFire™ systems since an asynchronous HARQ process may be used for UL transmission in MulteFire. As a result, 3 bits in a MIB may not be needed for PHICH configuration indication. 
     On the other hand, for such standalone systems, other system information not included in legacy LTE MIB may be useful. For example, for MulteFire™ systems, MIB may be inserted in Discovery Reference Signal (DRS). In Release 13 LAA (which may provide a baseline for MulteFire™ design), a location for DRS transmission within a DRS Measurement Timing Configuration (DMTC) window may be floating, which may advantageously increase transmission opportunities for DRS. In some embodiments, for example, DRS may be transmitted in any subframe. 
     SSS and/or CRS sequences within DRS may not be unique for each subframe. For example, SSS and/or CRS sequences transmitted in subframes  0  through  4  in Release 13 LAA may use a sequence generated for subframe  0  in Release 12 LTE, and SSS and/or CRS sequences transmitted in subframes  5  through  9  in Release 13 LAA may use a sequence generated for subframe  5  in Release 12 LTE. Accordingly, a UE may perceive the first half and/or second half of a radio frame but might not perceive the subframe index, relying on SSS and/or CRS detection Accordingly, inclusion of subframe index information in MIB may be advantageous. 
     Moreover, since MIB transmission in unlicensed spectrum may be subject to LBT, MIB might not be transmitted frequently. It may be desirable to improve MIB detection performance based on a single PBCH transmission in order to shorten SI acquisition time. One method to improve the performance may be to increase MIB repetitions per transmission, which may lead to either reduced payload, or increased number of symbols per transmission carrying MIB. 
     Discussed herein are mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems (which may include MulteFire™ systems). The MIB may advantageously include subframe index information, have varying numbers of payload bits, and/or be transmitted on OFDM symbols other than symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 . 
     In the following description, numerous details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art, however, that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, in order to avoid obscuring embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     Note that in the corresponding drawings of the embodiments, signals are represented with lines. Some lines may be thicker, to indicate a greater number of constituent signal paths, and/or have arrows at one or more ends, to indicate a direction of information flow. Such indications are not intended to be limiting. Rather, the lines are used in connection with one or more exemplary embodiments to facilitate easier understanding of a circuit or a logical unit. Any represented signal, as dictated by design needs or preferences, may actually comprise one or more signals that may travel in either direction and may be implemented with any suitable type of signal scheme. 
     Throughout the specification, and in the claims, the term “connected” means a direct electrical, mechanical, or magnetic connection between the things that are connected, without any intermediary devices. The term “coupled” means either a direct electrical, mechanical, or magnetic connection between the things that are connected or an indirect connection through one or more passive or active intermediary devices. The term “circuit” or “module” may refer to one or more passive and/or active components that are arranged to cooperate with one another to provide a desired function. The term “signal” may refer to at least one current signal, voltage signal, magnetic signal, or data/clock signal. The meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references. The meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on.” 
     The terms “substantially,” “close,” “approximately,” “near,” and “about” generally refer to being within +/−10% of a target value. Unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinal adjectives “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., to describe a common object, merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner. 
     It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other orientations than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. 
     The terms “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” “over,” “under,” and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing permanent relative positions. 
     For purposes of the embodiments, the transistors in various circuits, modules, and logic blocks are Tunneling FETs (TFETs). Some transistors of various embodiments may comprise metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors, which include drain, source, gate, and bulk terminals. The transistors may also include Tri-Gate and FinFET transistors, Gate All Around Cylindrical Transistors, Square Wire, or Rectangular Ribbon Transistors or other devices implementing transistor functionality like carbon nanotubes or spintronic devices. MOSFET symmetrical source and drain terminals i.e., are identical terminals and are interchangeably used here. A TFET device, on the other hand, has asymmetric Source and Drain terminals. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other transistors, for example, Bi-polar junction transistors-BJT PNP/NPN, BiCMOS, CMOS, etc., may be used for some transistors without departing from the scope of the disclosure. 
     For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrases “A and/or B” and “A or B” mean (A), (B), or (A and B). For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrase “A, B, and/or C” means (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), or (A, B and C). 
     In addition, the various elements of combinatorial logic and sequential logic discussed in the present disclosure may pertain both to physical structures (such as AND gates, OR gates, or XOR gates), or to synthesized or otherwise optimized collections of devices implementing the logical structures that are Boolean equivalents of the logic under discussion. 
     In addition, for purposes of the present disclosure, the term “eNB” may refer to a legacy eNB, a next-generation or 5G eNB, an mmWave eNB, an mmWave small cell, an AP, and/or another base station for a wireless communication system. For purposes of the present disclosure, the term “UE” may refer to a UE, a 5G UE, an mmWave UE, an STA, and/or another mobile equipment for a wireless communication system. 
     Various embodiments of eNBs and/or UEs discussed below may process one or more transmissions of various types. Some processing of a transmission may comprise demodulating, decoding, detecting, parsing, and/or otherwise handling a transmission that has been received. In some embodiments, an eNB or UE processing a transmission may determine or recognize the transmission&#39;s type and/or a condition associated with the transmission. For some embodiments, an eNB or UE processing a transmission may act in accordance with the transmission&#39;s type, and/or may act conditionally based upon the transmission&#39;s type. An eNB or UE processing a transmission may also recognize one or more values or fields of data carried by the transmission. Processing a transmission may comprise moving the transmission through one or more layers of a protocol stack (which may be implemented in, e.g., hardware and/or software-configured elements), such as by moving a transmission that has been received by an eNB or a UE through one or more layers of a protocol stack. 
     Various embodiments of eNBs and/or UEs discussed below may also generate one or more transmissions of various types. Some generating of a transmission may comprise modulating, encoding, formatting, assembling, and/or otherwise handling a transmission that is to be transmitted. In some embodiments, an eNB or UE generating a transmission may establish the transmission&#39;s type and/or a condition associated with the transmission. For some embodiments, an eNB or UE generating a transmission may act in accordance with the transmission&#39;s type, and/or may act conditionally based upon the transmission&#39;s type. An eNB or UE generating a transmission may also determine one or more values or fields of data carried by the transmission. Generating a transmission may comprise moving the transmission through one or more layers of a protocol stack (which may be implemented in, e.g., hardware and/or software-configured elements), such as by moving a transmission to be sent by an eNB or a UE through one or more layers of a protocol stack. 
     In various embodiments discussed herein, a MIB payload may comprise varying numbers of bits. In some embodiments, the MIB payload may comprise other than a number of bits corresponding with a legacy LTE MIB payload size (e.g., other than 40 bits). In other embodiments, the MIB payload may comprise 40 bits. For various embodiments, the bits of the MIB payload may carry one or more indicators and/or fields other than indicators and/or fields of a legacy LTE MIB. In addition, in various embodiments, MIB (as carried by PBCH, for example) may be mapped to various OFDM symbols other than OFDM symbols onto which MIB may be mapped in legacy LTE implementations (e.g., other than OFDM symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 ). 
     In some embodiments, a MIB payload may comprise at least 1 bit of bandwidth indication, 3 bits of subframe index information, 8 bits of System Frame Number (SFN) information, and/or 16 bits of CRC information. With respect to bandwidth indication, a 1-bit bandwidth indication may be sufficient to support a selection between 10 MHz and 20 MHz system bandwidth. 
     With respect to subframe index information, as discussed above, a location of DRS may be floating within a DMTC window or DRS transmission window (DTxW). Moreover, one SSS and/or CRS generation may use one sequence for subframes  0  through  4  and another sequence for subframes  5  through  9 . The half of a radio frame to which a subframe belongs may accordingly be detected based upon an SSS and/or CRS sequence. A 3-bit subframe index may be sufficient to indicate an offset from the start of a half-frame, e.g., an offset of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 subframes from either subframe  0  or subframe  5 . 
     With respect to SFN information, a most significant 8 bits may be transmitted in MIB, and the other 2 bits may be indicated via selection of CRC and scrambling sequence, where four different scrambling sequences may correspond to four values corresponding to the 2 bits. In some embodiments 10 bits may be used for SFN information, and fewer bits may be reserved bits. With respect to CRC information, 16 bits may be transmitted in the MIB payload. 
     A MIB payload may accordingly comprise at least 28 bits corresponding to bandwidth indication, subframe index information, SFN information, and CRC information. A MIB payload may also comprise additional number of bits X. In various embodiments, one or more of the X bits may be reserved for future use and/or used as additional bits for the various MIB payload indicators and fields described herein. For example, 2 of the X additional bits may be used for SFN information in addition to the 8 bits discussed herein. As another example, 1 of the X additional bits may be used for subframe index information in addition to the 3 bits discussed herein to indicate an offset from the start of a full radio frame, e.g., an offset of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, or 9 subframes from subframe  0 . In some embodiments, X may be 12, and the total number of bits in the MIB payload may be 40 bits (which may be similar to a number of bits in a legacy LTE MIB payload). 
     For some embodiments, X may be 4, and a total number of bits in the MIB payload may be 32 bits. In such embodiments, the MIB payload may accordingly comprise 4 additional bits which may be reserved for future use. In some such embodiments, one or more of these bits may be used as additional bits for various MIB payload indicators and fields. In some embodiments, X may be 2, and a total number of bits in the MIB payload may be 30 bits. In such embodiments, the MIB payload may accordingly comprise 2 additional bits, which may be reserved for future use. In some such embodiments, one or both of these bits may be used as additional bits for various MIB payload indicators and fields. 
     In various embodiments, MIB may be transmitted (via PBCH) over sets of OFDM symbols. In the transmission process, a MIB payload may be encoded, rate-matched, punctured, modulated, mapped, and transmitted over a wireless communication channel (e.g., by an eNB, or by an apparatus of an eNB). A MIB payload may be received from a wireless communication channel, de-mapped, de-modulated, zero-padded, de-rate-matched, and decoded (e.g., by a UE, or by an apparatus of a UE). 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a scenario of transmission of PBCH and Master Information Block (MIB) over four Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. A scenario  200  may comprise an encoding circuitry  205 , a rate matching circuitry  210 , a puncturing circuitry  215 , a modulating circuitry  220 , a mapping circuitry  225 , and/or a transmitting circuitry  230 , one or more of which may be implemented in an eNB, or in an apparatus of an eNB. Scenario  200  may also comprise a receiving circuitry  280 , a de-mapping circuitry  275 , a de-modulating circuitry  270 , a zero-padding circuitry  265 , a de-rate-matching circuitry  260 , and/or a decoding circuitry  255 , one or more of which may be implemented in a UE, or in an apparatus of a UE. In scenario  200 , transmitting circuitry  230  and receiving circuitry  280  may communicate over a wireless communication channel  250 . 
     In the transmission path, encoding circuitry  205  may have an input accepting a MIB payload (which may comprise 28+X bits), and an output comprising 3(28+X) bits, where X may be an integer. Encoding circuitry  205  may encode the 28+X bits with a one-third-rate TBCC (which results in the corresponding factor of 3 between the number of input bits and the number of output bits) to produce the 3(28+X) bits. In some embodiments, encoding circuitry  205  may encode the 28+X bits with a code having a rate other than a one-third rate. In such embodiments, the corresponding factor between the number of input bits and the number of output bits may be other than 3. 
     Rate matching circuitry  210  may have an input coupled to the output of encoding circuitry  205 , and an output comprising 3N(28+X) bits, where N may be an integer. Rate matching circuitry  210  may repeat the 3(28+X) bits N times. 
     The bits may be scrambled, for example at the output of rate-matching circuitry  210 . In some embodiments, the scrambling sequence may be the same across different PBCH transmissions. For example, there may be 4 different scrambling sequences, which may be used to scramble 4 PBCH transmissions within every 40 ms, respectively. In some embodiments, the scrambling sequence may be part of a 1920-bit scrambling sequence used for PBCH transmission in a legacy LTE implementation. 
     Puncturing circuitry  215  may have an input coupled to the output of rate matching circuitry  210 , and an output comprising (3N(28+X))−Y, where Y may be an integer. Puncturing circuitry  215  may puncture Y tail bits of the bits provided at its input. In some embodiments, puncturing may be performed before scrambling in the transmission path. 
     Modulation circuitry  220  may have an input coupled to the output of puncturing circuitry  215 , and an output comprising ((3N(28+X))−Y)/2 symbols. Modulating circuitry may modulate input bits onto output symbols. In some embodiments, QPSK modulation may be performed (which may result in the corresponding factor of ½ between the number of input bits and the number of output symbols). In some embodiments, another modulation may be performed. In such embodiments, the corresponding factor between the number of input bits and the number of output symbols may be other than ½. 
     Mapping circuitry  225  may have an input coupled to the output of modulation circuitry  220 , and an output comprising ((3N(28+X))−Y)/2 symbols. Mapping circuitry  225  may map the symbols provided at its input to REs across various OFDM symbols. 
     Transmitting circuitry  230  may have an input coupled to the output of mapping circuitry  225 , and an output coupled to wireless communication channel  250 . Transmitting circuitry  230  may transmit the OFDM symbols at its input onto wireless communication channel  250 . 
     In the receive path, receiving circuitry  280  may have an input coupled to the wireless communication channel  250 , and an output comprising ((3N(28+X))−Y)/2 symbols. Receiving circuitry  280  may transmit OFDM symbols from wireless communication channel  250  to de-mapping circuitry  275 . 
     De-mapping circuitry  275  may have an input coupled to the output of receiving circuitry  280 , and an output comprising ((3N(28+X))−Y)/2 symbols. De-mapping circuitry  275  may de-map the symbols from REs across various OFDM symbols at its input. 
     De-modulation circuitry  270  may have an input coupled to the output of de-mapping circuitry  275 , and an output comprising (3N(28+X))−Y bits. De-modulation circuitry  270  may de-modulate input symbols to output bits. In some embodiments, QPSK modulation may be performed (which may result in the corresponding factor of 2 between the number of input symbols and the number of output bits). In some embodiments, another de-modulation may be performed. In such embodiments, the corresponding factor between the number of input symbols and the number of output bits may be other than 2. 
     Zero-padding circuitry  265  may have an input coupled to the output of de-modulation circuitry, and an output comprising 3N(28+X) bits. Zero-padding circuitry  265  may pad bits provided at its input with a number Y of zeroes. 
     The bits may be de-scrambled, for example at the input to de-rate-matching circuitry  260 . In some embodiments, zero-padding may be performed after de-scrambling in the transmission path. 
     De-rate-matching circuitry  260  may have an input coupled to the output of zero-padding circuitry  265 , and an output comprising 3(28+X) bits. De-rate-matching circuitry  260  may accordingly combine the N repetitions of the 3(28+X) bits. 
     Decoding circuitry  255  may have an input coupled to the output of de-rate-matching circuitry  260 , and an output carrying a MIB payload (which may comprise 28+X bits). Decoding circuitry  255  may decode the 3(28+X) bits with a one-third-rate TBCC (which results in the corresponding factor of ⅓ between the number of input bits and the number of output bits) to produce the 28+X bits. In some embodiments, decoding circuitry may decode the 3(28+X) bits with a code having a rate other than a one-third rate. In such embodiments, the corresponding factor between the number of input bits and the number of output bits may be other than ⅓. 
     In some embodiments, if (3N(28+X)) bits exceeds a number of bits that may be carried in MIB in a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth, puncturing circuitry  215  may puncture, or remove, a number of bits Y from the tail-end of the 3N(28+X) bits provided at the input of puncturing circuitry  215 . In such embodiments, zero-padding circuitry  265  may add zeroes to a tail-end of the (3N(28+X))−Y bits provided at the input of zero-padding circuitry  265 . Otherwise, scenario  200  might not comprise puncturing circuitry  215  and/or zero-padding circuitry  265 . In such embodiments, an input of modulation circuitry  220  may be coupled to an output of rate matching circuitry  210 , and an input of de-rate-matching circuitry  260  may be coupled to an output of de-modulation circuitry  270 . 
     The integer X may have a predetermined value to reflect a number of bits to be reserved, and/or a number of additional bits for use in extending information and/or fields within the MIB payload. Meanwhile, the MIB payload may be mapped onto a predetermined set of OFDM symbols (e.g., four or five or six of OFDM symbols  3 ,  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10  and/or  11 ). The integers N and Y may have predetermined values that depend upon the size of the MIB payload (and in turn upon the predetermined value of X), and upon the predetermined set of OFDM symbols. 
     For example, with reference to  FIG. 1 , OFDM symbols  0 ,  1 ,  4 ,  7 ,  8 , and/or  11  of RB  130  may carry MIB in 8 subcarriers across RB  130  in some embodiments (e.g., for embodiments in which those OFDM symbols carry CRS in 4 subcarriers across RB  130 ). Meanwhile, OFDM symbols  2 ,  3 ,  9 ,  10 ,  12 , and/or  13  may carry MIB in 12 subcarriers across RB  130  in some embodiments (e.g., for embodiments in which those OFDM symbols do not carry CRS in any subcarriers across RB  130 ). In various embodiments, OFDM symbols not carrying CRS may carry MIB in 12 subcarriers across RB  130 , and OFDM symbols carrying CRS may carry MIB in fewer than 12 subcarriers across RB  130 . The number of symbols carrying MIB in the central 6 RBs  130  of a system bandwidth may then span the total number of symbols that may carry MIB within the predetermined set of OFDM symbols multiplied by 6. 
     In various embodiments, MIB with different payloads may be transmitted over different number of OFDM symbols. For example, for MIB payload sizes of 32 bits or 30 bits or 40 bits, MIB may be transmitted over OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and/or  11  (and some tail bits may be punctured to meet resource constraints). As an alternative example, for a MIB payload size of 40 bits, MIB may be transmitted over OFDM symbols  3 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10  (with no puncturing). In some embodiments, other symbols (such as symbols  2 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 ) may also be used for MIB transmission. Moreover, in some embodiments, MIB contents may or may not be the same across PBCH transmissions. 
     The following figures present some illustrative examples.  FIGS. 3-8  illustrate scenarios of transmission of PBCH and MIB over various numbers of OFDM symbols, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.  FIG. 3  illustrates a scenario  300  comprising an encoding circuitry  305 , a rate matching circuitry  310 , a modulating circuitry  320 , a mapping circuitry  325 , and/or a transmitting circuitry  330  (one or more of which may be implemented in an eNB, or in an apparatus of an eNB). Scenario  300  may also comprise a receiving circuitry  380 , a de-mapping circuitry  375 , a de-modulating circuitry  370 , a de-rate-matching circuitry  360 , and/or a decoding circuitry  355  (one or more of which may be implemented in a UE, or in an apparatus of a UE). The various circuitries of scenario  300  may be similar to the similarly-named circuitries of scenario  200 . In scenario  300 , transmitting circuitry  330  and receiving circuitry  380  may communicate over a wireless communication channel  350 . 
     In scenario  300 , MIB may be transmitted over OFDM symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , and may have a 32 bit payload. As discussed above, OFDM symbols  7  and  8  may carry MIB in 8 subcarriers across an RB, and OFDM symbols  9  and  10  may carry MIB in 12 subcarriers across an RB. As a result, an RB may carry MIB in a total of 40 REs (and accordingly 40 symbols), and a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may then carry MIB in a total of 240 symbols. 
     The 240 symbols of MIB may correspond to a 480-bit input to modulation circuitry  320 . Meanwhile, the 32-bit MIB payload may correspond to a 96-bit input to rate-matching circuitry  310 . In turn, scenario  300  may employ an integer N for rate-matching circuitry  310  having a value of 5, and rate-matching circuitry  310  may repeat the MIB payload 5 times for a total of 480 bits. The number of symbols that may be carried in MIB in a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may accordingly correspond to the number of bits that may be output from rate-matching circuitry  310 . As a result, no bits need to be punctured from the tail-end of the bits output from rate-matching circuitry  310 , and as a result scenario  300  might not comprise a puncturing circuitry and/or a zero-padding circuitry. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates a scenario  400  comprising an encoding circuitry  405 , a rate matching circuitry  410 , a modulating circuitry  420 , a mapping circuitry  425 , and/or a transmitting circuitry  430  (one or more of which may be implemented in an eNB, or in an apparatus of an eNB). Scenario  400  may also comprise a receiving circuitry  480 , a de-mapping circuitry  475 , a de-modulating circuitry  470 , a de-rate-matching circuitry  460 , and/or a decoding circuitry  455  (one or more of which may be implemented in a UE, or in an apparatus of a UE). The various circuitries of scenario  400  may be similar to the similarly-named circuitries of scenario  200 . In scenario  400 , transmitting circuitry  430  and receiving circuitry  480  may communicate over a wireless communication channel  450 . 
     In scenario  400 , MIB may be transmitted over OFDM symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11 , and may have a 32 bit payload. As discussed above, OFDM symbols  7 ,  8 , and  11  may carry MIB in 8 subcarriers across an RB, and OFDM symbols  9  and  10  may carry MIB in 12 subcarriers across an RB. As a result, an RB may carry MIB in a total of 48 REs (and accordingly 48 symbols), and a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may then carry MIB in a total of 288 symbols. 
     The 288 symbols of MIB may correspond to a 576-bit input to modulation circuitry  420 . Meanwhile, the 32-bit MIB payload may correspond to a 96-bit input to rate-matching circuitry  410 . In turn, scenario  400  may employ an integer N for rate-matching circuitry  410  having a value of 6, and rate-matching circuitry  410  may repeat the MIB payload 6 times for a total of 576 bits. The number of symbols that may be carried in MIB in a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may accordingly correspond to the number of bits that may be output from rate-matching circuitry  410 . As a result, no bits need to be punctured from the tail-end of the bits output from rate-matching circuitry  410 , and as a result scenario  400  might not comprise a puncturing circuitry and/or a zero-padding circuitry. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a scenario  500  comprising an encoding circuitry  505 , a rate matching circuitry  510 , a modulating circuitry  520 , a mapping circuitry  525 , and/or a transmitting circuitry  530  (one or more of which may be implemented in an eNB, or in an apparatus of an eNB). Scenario  500  may also comprise a receiving circuitry  580 , a de-mapping circuitry  575 , a de-modulating circuitry  570 , a de-rate-matching circuitry  560 , and/or a decoding circuitry  555  (one or more of which may be implemented in a UE, or in an apparatus of a UE). The various circuitries of scenario  500  may be similar to the similarly-named circuitries of scenario  200 . In scenario  500 , transmitting circuitry  530  and receiving circuitry  580  may communicate over a wireless communication channel  550 . 
     In scenario  500 , MIB may be transmitted over OFDM symbols  3 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11 , and may have a 30 bit payload. As discussed above, OFDM symbols  7 ,  8 , and  11  may carry MIB in 8 subcarriers across an RB, and OFDM symbols  3 ,  9 , and  10  may carry MIB in 12 subcarriers across an RB. As a result, an RB may carry MIB in a total of 60 REs (and accordingly 60 symbols), and a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may then carry MIB in a total of 360 symbols. 
     The 360 symbols of MIB may correspond to a 720-bit input to modulation circuitry  520 . Meanwhile, the 30-bit MIB payload may correspond to a 90-bit input to rate-matching circuitry  510 . In turn, scenario  500  may employ an integer N for rate-matching circuitry  510  having a value of 8, and rate-matching circuitry  510  may repeat the MIB payload 8 times for a total of 720 bits. The number of symbols that may be carried in MIB in a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may accordingly correspond to the number of bits that may be output from rate-matching circuitry  510 . As a result, no bits need to be punctured from the tail-end of the bits output from rate-matching circuitry  510 , and as a result scenario  500  might not comprise a puncturing circuitry and/or a zero-padding circuitry. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a scenario  600  comprising an encoding circuitry  605 , a rate matching circuitry  610 , a modulating circuitry  620 , a mapping circuitry  625 , and/or a transmitting circuitry  630  (one or more of which may be implemented in an eNB, or in an apparatus of an eNB). Scenario  600  may also comprise a receiving circuitry  680 , a de-mapping circuitry  675 , a de-modulating circuitry  670 , a de-rate-matching circuitry  660 , and/or a decoding circuitry  655  (one or more of which may be implemented in a UE, or in an apparatus of a UE). The various circuitries of scenario  600  may be similar to the similarly-named circuitries of scenario  200 . In scenario  600 , transmitting circuitry  630  and receiving circuitry  680  may communicate over a wireless communication channel  650 . 
     In scenario  600 , MIB may be transmitted over OFDM symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , and may have a 40 bit payload. As discussed above, OFDM symbols  7  and  8  may carry MIB in 8 subcarriers across an RB, and OFDM symbols  9  and  10  may carry MIB in 12 subcarriers across an RB. As a result, an RB may carry MIB in a total of 40 REs (and accordingly 40 symbols), and a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may then carry MIB in a total of 240 symbols. 
     The 240 symbols of MIB may correspond to a 480-bit input to modulation circuitry  620 . Meanwhile, the 40-bit MIB payload may correspond to a 120-bit input to rate-matching circuitry  610 . In turn, scenario  600  may employ an integer N for rate-matching circuitry  610  having a value of 4, and rate-matching circuitry  610  may repeat the MIB payload 4 times for a total of 480 bits. The number of symbols that may be carried in MIB in a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may accordingly correspond to the number of bits that may be output from rate-matching circuitry  610 . As a result, no bits need to be punctured from the tail-end of the bits output from rate-matching circuitry  610 , and as a result scenario  600  might not comprise a puncturing circuitry and/or a zero-padding circuitry. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a scenario  700  comprising an encoding circuitry  705 , a rate matching circuitry  710 , a puncturing circuitry  715 , a modulating circuitry  720 , a mapping circuitry  725 , and/or a transmitting circuitry  730  (one or more of which may be implemented in an eNB, or in an apparatus of an eNB). Scenario  700  may also comprise a receiving circuitry  780 , a de-mapping circuitry  775 , a de-modulating circuitry  770 , a zero-padding circuitry  765 , a de-rate-matching circuitry  760 , and/or a decoding circuitry  755  (one or more of which may be implemented in a UE, or in an apparatus of a UE). The various circuitries of scenario  700  may be similar to the similarly-named circuitries of scenario  200 . In scenario  700 , transmitting circuitry  730  and receiving circuitry  780  may communicate over a wireless communication channel  750 . 
     In scenario  700 , MIB may be transmitted over OFDM symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11 , and may have a 40 bit payload. As discussed above, OFDM symbols  7 ,  8 , and  11  may carry MIB in 8 subcarriers across an RB, and OFDM symbols  9  and  10  may carry MIB in 12 subcarriers across an RB. As a result, an RB may carry MIB in a total of 48 REs (and accordingly 48 symbols), and a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may then carry MIB in a total of 288 symbols. 
     The 288 symbols of MIB may correspond to a 576-bit input to modulation circuitry  720 . Meanwhile, the 40-bit MIB payload may correspond to a 120-bit input to rate-matching circuitry  710 . In turn, scenario  700  may employ an integer N for rate-matching circuitry  710  having a value of 5, and rate-matching circuitry  710  may repeat the MIB payload 5 times for a total of 600 bits. The number of symbols that may be carried in MIB in a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may accordingly correspond to fewer than the number of bits that may be output from rate-matching circuitry  710 . As a result, 24 bits may be punctured from the tail-end of the bits output from rate-matching circuitry  710 , and 24 bits may be padded to the tail-end of the bits input to de-rate-matching circuitry  760 . 
       FIG. 8  illustrates a scenario  800  comprising an encoding circuitry  805 , a rate matching circuitry  810 , a puncturing circuitry  815 , a modulating circuitry  820 , a mapping circuitry  825 , and/or a transmitting circuitry  830  (one or more of which may be implemented in an eNB, or in an apparatus of an eNB). Scenario  800  may also comprise a receiving circuitry  880 , a de-mapping circuitry  875 , a de-modulating circuitry  870 , a zero-padding circuitry  865 , a de-rate-matching circuitry  860 , and/or a decoding circuitry  855  (one or more of which may be implemented in a UE, or in an apparatus of a UE). The various circuitries of scenario  800  may be similar to the similarly-named circuitries of scenario  200 . In scenario  800 , transmitting circuitry  830  and receiving circuitry  880  may communicate over a wireless communication channel  850 . 
     In scenario  800 , MIB may be transmitted over OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11 , and may have a 40 bit payload. As discussed above, OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 , and  11  may carry MIB in 8 subcarriers across an RB, and OFDM symbols  9  and  10  may carry MIB in 12 subcarriers across an RB. As a result, an RB may carry MIB in a total of 56 REs (and accordingly 56 symbols), and a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may then carry MIB in a total of 336 symbols. 
     The 336 symbols of MIB may correspond to a 672-bit input to modulation circuitry  820 . Meanwhile, the 40-bit MIB payload may correspond to a 120-bit input to rate-matching circuitry  810 . In turn, scenario  800  may employ an integer N for rate-matching circuitry  810  having a value of 6, and rate-matching circuitry  810  may repeat the MIB payload 6 times for a total of 720 bits. The number of symbols that may be carried in MIB in a central 6 RBs of a system bandwidth may accordingly correspond to fewer than the number of bits that may be output from rate-matching circuitry  810 . As a result, 48 bits may be punctured from the tail-end of the bits output from rate-matching circuitry  810 , and 48 bits may be padded to the tail-end of the bits input to de-rate-matching circuitry  860 . 
       FIG. 9  illustrates an eNB and a UE, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.  FIG. 9  includes block diagrams of an eNB  910  and a UE  930  which are operable to co-exist with each other and other elements of an LTE network. High-level, simplified architectures of eNB  910  and UE  930  are described so as not to obscure the embodiments. It should be noted that in some embodiments, eNB  910  may be a stationary non-mobile device. 
     eNB  910  is coupled to one or more antennas  905 , and UE  930  is similarly coupled to one or more antennas  925 . However, in some embodiments, eNB  910  may incorporate or comprise antennas  905 , and UE  930  in various embodiments may incorporate or comprise antennas  925 . 
     In some embodiments, antennas  905  and/or antennas  925  may comprise one or more directional or omni-directional antennas, including monopole antennas, dipole antennas, loop antennas, patch antennas, microstrip antennas, coplanar wave antennas, or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of RF signals. In some MIMO (multiple-input and multiple output) embodiments, antennas  905  are separated to take advantage of spatial diversity. 
     eNB  910  and UE  930  are operable to communicate with each other on a network, such as a wireless network. eNB  910  and UE  930  may be in communication with each other over a wireless communication channel  950 , which has both a downlink path from eNB  910  to UE  930  and an uplink path from UE  930  to eNB  910 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 9 , in some embodiments, eNB  910  may include a physical layer circuitry  912 , a MAC (media access control) circuitry  914 , a processor  916 , a memory  918 , and a hardware processing circuitry  920 . A person skilled in the art will appreciate that other components not shown may be used in addition to the components shown to form a complete eNB. 
     In some embodiments, physical layer circuitry  912  includes a transceiver  913  for providing signals to and from UE  930 . Transceiver  913  provides signals to and from UEs or other devices using one or more antennas  905 . In some embodiments, MAC circuitry  914  controls access to the wireless medium. Memory  918  may be, or may include, a storage media/medium such as a magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or magnetic disks), an optical storage media (e.g., optical discs), an electronic storage media (e.g., conventional hard disk drives, solid-state disk drives, or flash-memory-based storage media), or any tangible storage media or non-transitory storage media. Hardware processing circuitry  920  may comprise logic devices or circuitry to perform various operations. In some embodiments, processor  916  and memory  918  are arranged to perform the operations of hardware processing circuitry  920 , such as operations described herein with reference to logic devices and circuitry within eNB  910  and/or hardware processing circuitry  920 . 
     Accordingly, in some embodiments, eNB  910  may be a device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antenna ports, and an interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device. 
     As is also illustrated in  FIG. 9 , in some embodiments, UE  930  may include a physical layer circuitry  932 , a MAC circuitry  934 , a processor  936 , a memory  938 , a hardware processing circuitry  940 , a wireless interface  942 , and a display  944 . A person skilled in the art would appreciate that other components not shown may be used in addition to the components shown to form a complete UE. 
     In some embodiments, physical layer circuitry  932  includes a transceiver  933  for providing signals to and from eNB  910  (as well as other eNBs). Transceiver  933  provides signals to and from eNBs or other devices using one or more antennas  925 . In some embodiments, MAC circuitry  934  controls access to the wireless medium. Memory  938  may be, or may include, a storage media/medium such as a magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or magnetic disks), an optical storage media (e.g., optical discs), an electronic storage media (e.g., conventional hard disk drives, solid-state disk drives, or flash-memory-based storage media), or any tangible storage media or non-transitory storage media. Wireless interface  942  may be arranged to allow the processor to communicate with another device. Display  944  may provide a visual and/or tactile display for a user to interact with UE  930 , such as a touch-screen display. Hardware processing circuitry  940  may comprise logic devices or circuitry to perform various operations. In some embodiments, processor  936  and memory  938  may be arranged to perform the operations of hardware processing circuitry  940 , such as operations described herein with reference to logic devices and circuitry within UE  930  and/or hardware processing circuitry  940 . 
     Accordingly, in some embodiments, UE  930  may be a device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antennas, a wireless interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, and a touch-screen display. 
     Elements of  FIG. 9 , and elements of other figures having the same names or reference numbers, can operate or function in the manner described herein with respect to any such figures (although the operation and function of such elements is not limited to such descriptions). For example,  FIGS. 10-11 and 14  also depict embodiments of eNBs, hardware processing circuitry of eNBs, UEs, and/or hardware processing circuitry of UEs, and the embodiments described with respect to  FIG. 9  and  FIGS. 10-11 and 14  can operate or function in the manner described herein with respect to any of the figures. 
     In addition, although eNB  910  and UE  930  are each described as having several separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements and/or other hardware elements. In some embodiments of this disclosure, the functional elements can refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements. Examples of software and/or hardware configured elements include Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more microprocessors, DSPs, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFICs), and so on. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates hardware processing circuitries for an eNB for mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. With reference to  FIG. 9 , an eNB may include various hardware processing circuitries discussed below (such as hardware processing circuitry  1000  of  FIG. 10 ), which may in turn comprise logic devices and/or circuitry operable to perform various operations. For example, in  FIG. 9 , eNB  910  (or various elements or components therein, such as hardware processing circuitry  920 , or combinations of elements or components therein) may include part of, or all of, these hardware processing circuitries. 
     In some embodiments, one or more devices or circuitries within these hardware processing circuitries may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements and/or other hardware elements. For example, processor  916  (and/or one or more other processors which eNB  910  may comprise), memory  918 , and/or other elements or components of eNB  910  (which may include hardware processing circuitry  920 ) may be arranged to perform the operations of these hardware processing circuitries, such as operations described herein with reference to devices and circuitry within these hardware processing circuitries. In some embodiments, processor  916  (and/or one or more other processors which eNB  910  may comprise) may be a baseband processor. 
     Returning to  FIG. 10 , an apparatus of eNB  910  (or another eNB or base station), which may be operable to communicate with one or more UEs on a wireless network, may comprise hardware processing circuitry  1000 . In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry  1000  may comprise one or more antenna ports  1005  operable to provide various transmissions over a wireless communication channel (such as wireless communication channel  950 ). Antenna ports  1005  may be coupled to one or more antennas  1007  (which may be antennas  905 ). In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry  1000  may incorporate antennas  1007 , while in other embodiments, hardware processing circuitry  1000  may merely be coupled to antennas  1007 . 
     Antenna ports  1005  and antennas  1007  may be operable to provide signals from an eNB to a wireless communications channel and/or a UE, and may be operable to provide signals from a UE and/or a wireless communications channel to an eNB. For example, antenna ports  1005  and antennas  1007  may be operable to provide transmissions from eNB  910  to wireless communication channel  950  (and from there to UE  930 , or to another UE). Similarly, antennas  1007  and antenna ports  1005  may be operable to provide transmissions from a wireless communication channel  950  (and beyond that, from UE  930 , or another UE) to eNB  910 . 
     Hardware processing circuitry  1000  may comprise various circuitries operable in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. With reference to  FIG. 10 , hardware processing circuitry  1000  may comprise a first circuitry  1010 , a second circuitry  1020 , a third circuitry  1030 , and/or a fourth circuitry  1040 . First circuitry  1010  may be operable to generate a MIB for transmission on a PRB spanning a plurality of OFDM symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits. First circuitry  1010  may provide the MIB over an interface  1015  (which may be coupled to second circuitry  1020  through third circuitry  1030  and fourth circuitry  1040 ). Second circuitry  1020  may be operable to map the MIB onto at least one OFDM symbol of the PRB outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 . Transmission of the PRB may be subject to a LBT procedure. 
     In some embodiments, the subframe index may be an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. For some embodiments, the subframe index may comprise four bits. In some embodiments, the MIB may comprise 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     For some embodiments, second circuitry  1020  may be operable to map the MIB onto OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRB. In some embodiments, the MIB may carry a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a SFN indicator comprising eight bits, and a CRC field comprising 16 bits. 
     For some embodiments, third circuitry  1030  may be operable to encode the MIB with a one-third rate TBCC. Third circuitry  1030  may provide the encoded MIB over an interface  1035  (which may be coupled to fourth circuitry  1040  and/or to second circuitry  1020  through fourth circuitry  1040 ). In some embodiments, fourth circuitry  1040  may be operable to rate-match the MIB an integer number of times N. Fourth circuitry  1040  may provide the rate-matched MIB to second circuitry  1020  over an interface  1045 . 
     In some embodiments, first circuitry  1010 , second circuitry  1020 , third circuitry  1030 , and/or fourth circuitry  1040  may be implemented as separate circuitries. In other embodiments, first circuitry  1010 , second circuitry  1020 , third circuitry  1030 , and/or fourth circuitry  1040  may be combined and implemented together in a circuitry without altering the essence of the embodiments. 
       FIG. 11  illustrates hardware processing circuitries for a UE for mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. With reference to  FIG. 9 , a UE may include various hardware processing circuitries discussed below (such as hardware processing circuitry  1100  of  FIG. 11 ), which may in turn comprise logic devices and/or circuitry operable to perform various operations. For example, in  FIG. 9 , UE  930  (or various elements or components therein, such as hardware processing circuitry  940 , or combinations of elements or components therein) may include part of, or all of, these hardware processing circuitries. 
     In some embodiments, one or more devices or circuitries within these hardware processing circuitries may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements and/or other hardware elements. For example, processor  936  (and/or one or more other processors which UE  930  may comprise), memory  938 , and/or other elements or components of UE  930  (which may include hardware processing circuitry  940 ) may be arranged to perform the operations of these hardware processing circuitries, such as operations described herein with reference to devices and circuitry within these hardware processing circuitries. In some embodiments, processor  936  (and/or one or more other processors which UE  930  may comprise) may be a baseband processor. 
     Returning to  FIG. 11 , an apparatus of UE  930  (or another UE or mobile handset), which may be operable to communicate with one or more eNBs on a wireless network, may comprise hardware processing circuitry  1100 . In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry  1100  may comprise one or more antenna ports  1105  operable to provide various transmissions over a wireless communication channel (such as wireless communication channel  950 ). Antenna ports  1105  may be coupled to one or more antennas  1107  (which may be antennas  925 ). In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry  1100  may incorporate antennas  1107 , while in other embodiments, hardware processing circuitry  1100  may merely be coupled to antennas  1107 . 
     Antenna ports  1105  and antennas  1107  may be operable to provide signals from a UE to a wireless communications channel and/or an eNB, and may be operable to provide signals from an eNB and/or a wireless communications channel to a UE. For example, antenna ports  1105  and antennas  1107  may be operable to provide transmissions from UE  930  to wireless communication channel  950  (and from there to eNB  910 , or to another eNB). Similarly, antennas  1107  and antenna ports  1105  may be operable to provide transmissions from a wireless communication channel  950  (and beyond that, from eNB  910 , or another eNB) to UE  930 . 
     Hardware processing circuitry  1100  may comprise various circuitries operable in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. With reference to  FIG. 11 , hardware processing circuitry  1100  may comprise a first circuitry  1110 , a second circuitry  1120 , a third circuitry  1130 , and/or a fourth circuitry  1140 . First circuitry  1110  may be operable to process a MIB received on a PRB spanning a plurality of OFDM symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits. Second circuitry  1120  may be operable to de-map the MIB from at least one OFDM symbol of the PRB outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 . Second circuitry  1120  may provide the de-mapped MIB over an interface  1125  (which may be coupled to first circuitry  1110  through fourth circuitry  1140  and third circuitry  1130 ). The PRB may be received over unlicensed spectrum. 
     In some embodiments, the subframe index may be an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. For some embodiments, the subframe index may comprise four bits. In some embodiments, the MIB may comprise 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     For some embodiments, second circuitry  1120  may be operable to de-map the MIB from OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRB. In some embodiments, the MIB may carry a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a SFN indicator comprising eight bits, and a CRC field comprising 16 bits. 
     For some embodiments, third circuitry  1130  may be operable to decode the MIB with a one-third rate TBCC. Third circuitry  1130  may provide the decoded MIB over an interface  1135  (which may be coupled to first circuitry  1110 ). In some embodiments, fourth circuitry  1140  may be operable to de-rate-match the MIB an integer number of times N. Fourth circuitry  1140  may provide the de-rate-matched MIB to third circuitry  1130  over an interface  1145 . 
     In some embodiments, first circuitry  1110 , second circuitry  1120 , third circuitry  1130 , and/or fourth circuitry  1140  may be implemented as separate circuitries. In other embodiments, first circuitry  1110 , second circuitry  1120 , third circuitry  1130 , and fourth circuitry  1140  may be combined and implemented together in a circuitry without altering the essence of the embodiments. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates methods for an eNB for mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. With reference to  FIG. 9 , various methods that may relate to eNB  910  and hardware processing circuitry  920  are discussed below. Although the actions in method  1200  of  FIG. 12  are shown in a particular order, the order of the actions can be modified. Thus, the illustrated embodiments can be performed in a different order, and some actions may be performed in parallel. Some of the actions and/or operations listed in  FIG. 12  are optional in accordance with certain embodiments. The numbering of the actions presented is for the sake of clarity and is not intended to prescribe an order of operations in which the various actions must occur. Additionally, operations from the various flows may be utilized in a variety of combinations. 
     Moreover, in some embodiments, machine readable storage media may have executable instructions that, when executed, cause eNB  910  and/or hardware processing circuitry  920  to perform an operation comprising the methods of  FIG. 12 . Such machine readable storage media may include any of a variety of storage media, like magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or magnetic disks), optical storage media (e.g., optical discs), electronic storage media (e.g., conventional hard disk drives, solid-state disk drives, or flash-memory-based storage media), or any other tangible storage media or non-transitory storage media. 
     In some embodiments, an apparatus may comprise means for performing various actions and/or operations of the methods of  FIG. 12 . 
     Returning to  FIG. 12 , various methods may be in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. A method  1200  may comprise a generating  1210 , a mapping  1215 , a mapping  1220 , an encoding  1230 , and/or a rate-matching  1240 . In generating  1210 , a MIB may be generated for transmission on a PRB spanning a plurality of OFDM symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits. In mapping  1215 , the MIB may be mapped onto at least one OFDM symbol of the PRB outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 . Transmission of the PRB is subject to a LBT procedure. 
     In some embodiments, the subframe index may be an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. For some embodiments, the subframe index may comprise four bits. In some embodiments, the MIB may comprise 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In mapping  1220 , the MIB may be mapped onto OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRB. In some embodiments, the MIB may carry a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a SFN indicator comprising eight bits, and a CRC field comprising 16 bits. 
     In encoding  1230 , the MIB may be encoded with a one-third rate TBCC. In rate-matching  1240 , the MIB may be rate-matched an integer number of times N. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates methods for a UE for mechanisms for transmitting MIB in standalone systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. With reference to  FIG. 9 , methods that may relate to UE  930  and hardware processing circuitry  940  are discussed below. Although the actions in the method  1300  of  FIG. 13  are shown in a particular order, the order of the actions can be modified. Thus, the illustrated embodiments can be performed in a different order, and some actions may be performed in parallel. Some of the actions and/or operations listed in  FIG. 13  are optional in accordance with certain embodiments. The numbering of the actions presented is for the sake of clarity and is not intended to prescribe an order of operations in which the various actions must occur. Additionally, operations from the various flows may be utilized in a variety of combinations. 
     Moreover, in some embodiments, machine readable storage media may have executable instructions that, when executed, cause UE  930  and/or hardware processing circuitry  940  to perform an operation comprising the methods of  FIG. 13 . Such machine readable storage media may include any of a variety of storage media, like magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or magnetic disks), optical storage media (e.g., optical discs), electronic storage media (e.g., conventional hard disk drives, solid-state disk drives, or flash-memory-based storage media), or any other tangible storage media or non-transitory storage media. 
     In some embodiments, an apparatus may comprise means for performing various actions and/or operations of the methods of  FIG. 13 . 
     Returning to  FIG. 13 , various methods may be in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. A method  1300  may comprise a processing  1310 , a de-mapping  1315 , a de-mapping  1320 , a decoding  1330 , and/or a de-rating  1340 . In processing  1310 , a MIB received on a PRB spanning a plurality of OFDM symbols may be processed, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits. In de-mapping  1315 , MIB may be de-mapped from at least one OFDM symbol of the PRB outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 . The PRB may be received over unlicensed spectrum. 
     In some embodiments, the subframe index may be an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. For some embodiments, the subframe index may comprise four bits. In some embodiments, the MIB may comprise 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In de-mapping  1320 , the MIB may be de-mapped from OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRB. In some embodiments, the MIB may carry a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a SFN indicator comprising eight bits, and a CRC field comprising 16 bits. 
     In decoding  1330 , the MIB may be decoded with a one-third rate TBCC. In de-rate-matching  1340 , the MIB may be de-rate-matched an integer number of times N. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates example components of a UE device, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. In some embodiments, a UE device  1400  may include application circuitry  1402 , baseband circuitry  1404 , Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry  1406 , front-end module (FEM) circuitry  1408 , a low-power wake-up receiver (LP-WUR), and one or more antennas  1410 , coupled together at least as shown. In some embodiments, the UE device  1400  may include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor, and/or input/output (I/O) interface. 
     The application circuitry  1402  may include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuitry  1402  may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.). The processors may be coupled with and/or may include memory/storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems to run on the system. 
     The baseband circuitry  1404  may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry  1404  may include one or more baseband processors and/or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry  1406  and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry  1406 . Baseband processing circuity  1404  may interface with the application circuitry  1402  for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry  1406 . For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry  1404  may include a second generation (2G) baseband processor  1404 A, third generation (3G) baseband processor  1404 B, fourth generation (4G) baseband processor  1404 C, and/or other baseband processor(s)  1404 D for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., fifth generation (5G), 6G, etc.). The baseband circuitry  1404  (e.g., one or more of baseband processors  1404 A-D) may handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry  1406 . The radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation, encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some embodiments, modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry  1404  may include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, and/or constellation mapping/demapping functionality. In some embodiments, encoding/decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry  1404  may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, and/or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality. Embodiments of modulation/demodulation and encoder/decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functionality in other embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry  1404  may include elements of a protocol stack such as, for example, elements of an EUTRAN protocol including, for example, physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and/or RRC elements. A central processing unit (CPU)  1404 E of the baseband circuitry  1404  may be configured to run elements of the protocol stack for signaling of the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP and/or RRC layers. In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry may include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP)  1404 F. The audio DSP(s)  1404 F may be include elements for compression/decompression and echo cancellation and may include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments. Components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry  1404  and the application circuitry  1402  may be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC). 
     In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry  1404  may provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry  1404  may support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) and/or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN). Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry  1404  is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol may be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry. 
     RF circuitry  1406  may enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry  1406  may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry  1406  may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry  1408  and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry  1404 . RF circuitry  1406  may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry  1404  and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry  1408  for transmission. 
     In some embodiments, the RF circuitry  1406  may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the RF circuitry  1406  may include mixer circuitry  1406 A, amplifier circuitry  1406 B and filter circuitry  1406 C. The transmit signal path of the RF circuitry  1406  may include filter circuitry  1406 C and mixer circuitry  1406 A. RF circuitry  1406  may also include synthesizer circuitry  1406 D for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the receive signal path may be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry  1408  based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry  1406 D. The amplifier circuitry  1406 B may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry  1406 C may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals may be provided to the baseband circuitry  1404  for further processing. In some embodiments, the output baseband signals may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, mixer circuitry  1406 A of the receive signal path may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. 
     In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the transmit signal path may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry  1406 D to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry  1408 . The baseband signals may be provided by the baseband circuitry  1404  and may be filtered by filter circuitry  1406 C. The filter circuitry  1406 C may include a low-pass filter (LPF), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. 
     In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature down-conversion and/or up-conversion respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry  1406 A may be arranged for direct down-conversion and/or direct up-conversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation. 
     In some embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternate embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be digital baseband signals. In these alternate embodiments, the RF circuitry  1406  may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry  1404  may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry  1406 . 
     In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. 
     In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry  1406 D may be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry  1406 D may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider. 
     The synthesizer circuitry  1406 D may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry  1406 A of the RF circuitry  1406  based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry  1406 D may be a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer. 
     In some embodiments, frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement. Divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry  1404  or the applications processor  1402  depending on the desired output frequency. In some embodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor  1402 . 
     Synthesizer circuitry  1406 D of the RF circuitry  1406  may include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator. In some embodiments, the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DPA). In some embodiments, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+1 (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example embodiments, the DLL may include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop. In these embodiments, the delay elements may be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle. 
     In some embodiments, synthesizer circuitry  1406 D may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some embodiments, the output frequency may be a LO frequency (fLO). In some embodiments, the RF circuitry  1406  may include an IQ/polar converter. 
     FEM circuitry  1408  may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas  1410 , amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry  1406  for further processing. FEM circuitry  1408  may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry  1406  for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas  1410 . 
     In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry  1408  may include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry  1406 ). The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry  1408  may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry  1406 ), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas  1410 . 
     In some embodiments, the UE  1400  comprises a plurality of power saving mechanisms. If the UE  1400  is in an RRC_Connected state, where it is still connected to the eNB as it expects to receive traffic shortly, then it may enter a state known as Discontinuous Reception Mode (DRX) after a period of inactivity. During this state, the device may power down for brief intervals of time and thus save power. 
     If there is no data traffic activity for an extended period of time, then the UE  1400  may transition off to an RRC_Idle state, where it disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback, handover, etc. The UE  1400  goes into a very low power state and it performs paging where again it periodically wakes up to listen to the network and then powers down again. Since the device might not receive data in this state, in order to receive data, it should transition back to RRC_Connected state. 
     An additional power saving mode may allow a device to be unavailable to the network for periods longer than a paging interval (ranging from seconds to a few hours). During this time, the device is totally unreachable to the network and may power down completely. Any data sent during this time incurs a large delay and it is assumed the delay is acceptable. 
     In addition, in various embodiments, an eNB device may include components substantially similar to one or more of the example components of UE device  1400  described herein. 
     Reference in the specification to “an embodiment,” “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” or “other embodiments” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments is included in at least some embodiments, but not necessarily all embodiments. The various appearances of “an embodiment,” “one embodiment,” or “some embodiments” are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiments. If the specification states a component, feature, structure, or characteristic “may,” “might,” or “could” be included, that particular component, feature, structure, or characteristic is not required to be included. If the specification or claim refers to “a” or “an” element, that does not mean there is only one of the elements. If the specification or claims refer to “an additional” element, that does not preclude there being more than one of the additional element. 
     Furthermore, the particular features, structures, functions, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. For example, a first embodiment may be combined with a second embodiment anywhere the particular features, structures, functions, or characteristics associated with the two embodiments are not mutually exclusive. 
     While the disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications and variations of such embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures e.g., Dynamic RAM (DRAM) may use the embodiments discussed. The embodiments of the disclosure are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as to fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. 
     In addition, well known power/ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown within the presented figures, for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure the disclosure. Further, arrangements may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the disclosure, and also in view of the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram arrangements are highly dependent upon the platform within which the present disclosure is to be implemented (i.e., such specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the disclosure, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the disclosure can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. The description is thus to be regarded as illustrative instead of limiting. 
     The following examples pertain to further embodiments. Specifics in the examples may be used anywhere in one or more embodiments. All optional features of the apparatus described herein may also be implemented with respect to a method or process. 
     Example 1 provides an apparatus of an Evolved Node B (eNB) operable to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a wireless network, comprising: a memory to store instructions; and one or more processors to: generate a Master Information Block (MIB) for transmission on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits; and map the MIB onto at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein transmission of the PRBs is subject to a Listen Before Talk (LBT) procedure. 
     In example 2, the apparatus of example 1, wherein the subframe index is an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. 
     In example 3, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 2, wherein the subframe index comprises four bits. 
     In example 4, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 3, wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In example 5, the apparatus of either of examples 1 or 4, wherein the one or more processors are to: map the MIB onto OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     In example 6, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 5, wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a Subframe Number (SFN) indicator comprising eight bits, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field comprising 16 bits. 
     In example 7, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 6, wherein the one or more processors are to: encode the MIB with a one-third rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). 
     In example 8, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 7, wherein the one or more processors are to: rate-match the MIB an integer number of times N. 
     In example 9, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 8, wherein the one or more processors are to: puncture a number Y of bits from the tail of the MIB. 
     Example 10 provides an Evolved Node B (eNB) device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antenna ports, and an interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, the eNB device including the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 9. 
     Example 11 provides a method comprising: generating a Master Information Block (MIB) for transmission on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits; and mapping the MIB onto at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein transmission of the PRBs is subject to a Listen Before Talk (LBT) procedure. 
     In example 12, the method of example 11, wherein the subframe index is an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. 
     In example 13, the method of either of examples 11 or 12, wherein the subframe index comprises four bits. 
     In example 14, the method of any of examples 11 through 13, wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In example 15, the method of any of examples 11 through 14, the operation comprising: mapping the MIB onto OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     In example 16, the method of any of examples 11 through 15, wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a Subframe Number (SFN) indicator comprising eight bits, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field comprising 16 bits. 
     In example 17, the method of any of examples 11 through 16, the operation comprising: encoding the MIB with a one-third rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). 
     In example 18, the method of any of examples 11 through 17, the operation comprising: rate-matching the MIB an integer number of times N. 
     In example 19, the method of any of examples 11 through 18, the operation comprising: puncturing a number Y of bits from the tail of the MIB. 
     Example 20 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform a method according to any of examples 11 through 19. 
     Example 21 provides an apparatus of an Evolved Node B (eNB) operable to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a wireless network, comprising: means for generating a Master Information Block (MIB) for transmission on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits; and means for mapping the MIB onto at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein transmission of the PRBs is subject to a Listen Before Talk (LBT) procedure. 
     In example 22, the apparatus of example 21, wherein the subframe index is an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. 
     In example 23, the apparatus of either of examples 21 or 22, wherein the subframe index comprises four bits. 
     In example 24, the apparatus of any of examples 21 through 23, wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In example 25, the apparatus of any of examples 21 through 24, the operation comprising: means for mapping the MIB onto OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     In example 26, the apparatus of any of examples 21 through 25, wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a Subframe Number (SFN) indicator comprising eight bits, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field comprising 16 bits. 
     In example 27, the apparatus of any of examples 21 through 26, the operation comprising: means for encoding the MIB with a one-third rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). 
     In example 28, the apparatus of any of examples 21 through 27, the operation comprising: means for rate-matching the MIB an integer number of times N. 
     In example 29, the apparatus of any of examples 21 through 28, the operation comprising: means for puncturing a number Y of bits from the tail of the MIB. 
     Example 30 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors of an Evolved Node B (eNB) operable to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a wireless network to perform an operation comprising: generate a Master Information Block (MIB) for transmission on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits; and map the MIB onto at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein transmission of the PRBs is subject to a Listen Before Talk (LBT) procedure. 
     In example 31, the machine readable storage media of example 30, wherein the subframe index is an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. 
     In example 32, the machine readable storage media of either of examples 30 or 31, wherein the subframe index comprises four bits. 
     In example 33, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 30 through 32, wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In example 34, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 30 through 33, the operation comprising: map the MIB onto OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     In example 35, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 30 through 34, wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a Subframe Number (SFN) indicator comprising eight bits, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field comprising 16 bits. 
     In example 36, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 30 through 35, the operation comprising: encode the MIB with a one-third rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). 
     In example 37, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 30 through 36, the operation comprising: rate-match the MIB an integer number of times N. 
     In example 38, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 30 through 37, the operation comprising: puncture a number Y of bits from the tail of the MIB. 
     Example 39 provides an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising: a memory to store instructions; and one or more processors to: process a Master Information Block (MIB) received on one or more Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits; and de-map the MIB from at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein the PRBs are received over unlicensed spectrum. 
     In example 40, the apparatus of example 39, wherein the subframe index is an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. 41, the apparatus of either of examples 39 or 40, wherein the subframe index comprises four bits. 
     In example 42, the apparatus of any of examples 39 through 41, wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In example 43, the apparatus of any of examples 39 through 42, wherein the one or more processors are to: de-map the MIB from OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     In example 44, the apparatus of any of examples 39 through 43, wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a Subframe Number (SFN) indicator comprising eight bits, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field comprising 16 bits. 
     In example 45, the apparatus of any of examples 39 through 44, wherein the one or more processors are to: decode the MIB with a one-third rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). 
     In example 46, the apparatus of any of examples 39 through 45, wherein the one or more processors are to: de-rate-match the MIB an integer number of times N. 
     In example 47, the apparatus of any of examples 39 through 46, wherein the one or more processors are to: zero-pad the tail of the MIB with a number Y of zero bits. 
     Example 48 provides a User Equipment (UE) device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antennas, a wireless interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, and a touch-screen display, the UE device including the apparatus of any of examples 39 through 47. 
     Example 49 provides a method comprising: processing a Master Information Block (MIB) received on Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits; and de-mapping the MIB from at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein the PRBs are received over unlicensed spectrum. 
     In example 50, the method of example 49, wherein the subframe index is an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. 
     In example 51, the method of either of examples 49 or 50, wherein the subframe index comprises four bits. 
     In example 52, the method of any of examples 49 through 51, wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In example 53, the method of any of examples 49 through 52, the operation comprising: de-mapping the MIB from OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     In example 54, the method of any of examples 49 through 53, wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a Subframe Number (SFN) indicator comprising eight bits, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field comprising 16 bits. 
     In example 55, the method of any of examples 49 through 54, the operation comprising: decoding the MIB with a one-third rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). 
     In example 56, the method of any of examples 49 through 55, the operation comprising: de-rate-matching the MIB an integer number of times N. 
     In example 57, the method of any of examples 49 through 56, the operation comprising: zero-padding the tail of the MIB with a number Y of zero bits. 
     Example 58 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform a method according to any of examples 49 through 57. 
     Example 59 provides an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising: means for processing a Master Information Block (MIB) received on Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits; and means for de-mapping the MIB from at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein the PRBs are received over unlicensed spectrum. 
     In example 60, the apparatus of example 59, wherein the subframe index is an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. 
     In example 61, the apparatus of either of examples 59 or 60, wherein the subframe index comprises four bits. 
     In example 62, the apparatus of any of examples 59 through 61, wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In example 63, the apparatus of any of examples 59 through 62, the operation comprising: means for de-mapping the MIB from OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     In example 64, the apparatus of any of examples 59 through 63, wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a Subframe Number (SFN) indicator comprising eight bits, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field comprising 16 bits. 
     In example 65, the apparatus of any of examples 59 through 64, the operation comprising: means for decoding the MIB with a one-third rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). 
     In example 66, the apparatus of any of examples 59 through 65, the operation comprising: means for de-rate-matching the MIB an integer number of times N. 
     In example 67, the apparatus of any of examples 59 through 66, the operation comprising: means for zero-padding the tail of the MIB with a number Y of zero bits. 
     Example 68 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node B (eNB) on a wireless network to perform an operation comprising: process a Master Information Block (MIB) received on Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) spanning a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols, the MIB carrying a subframe index comprising three bits; and de-map the MIB from at least one OFDM symbol of the PRBs outside of symbols  7 ,  8 ,  9 , and  10 , wherein the PRBs are received over unlicensed spectrum. 
     In example 69, the machine readable storage media of example 68, wherein the subframe index is an subframe offset from the start of a half radio frame. 
     In example 70, the machine readable storage media of either of examples 68 or 69, wherein the subframe index comprises four bits. 
     In example 71, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 68 through 70, wherein the MIB comprises 28 bits plus a number of bits X, wherein X is an integer other than 12. 
     In example 72, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 68 through 71, the operation comprising: de-map the MIB from OFDM symbols  4 ,  7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10 , and  11  of the PRBs. 
     In example 73, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 68 through 72, wherein the MIB carries a bandwidth indicator comprising one bit, a Subframe Number (SFN) indicator comprising eight bits, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field comprising 16 bits. 
     In example 74, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 68 through 73, the operation comprising: decode the MIB with a one-third rate Tail-Bit Convolutional Code (TBCC). 
     In example 75, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 68 through 74, the operation comprising: de-rate-match the MIB an integer number of times N. 
     In example 76, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 68 through 75, the operation comprising: zero-pad the tail of the MIB with a number Y of zero bits. 
     In example 77, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 9 and 39 through 47, wherein the one or more processors comprise a baseband processor. 
     In example 78, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 9 and 39 through 47, comprising a transceiver circuitry for at least one of: generating transmissions, encoding transmissions, processing transmissions, or decoding transmissions. 
     In example 79, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 9 and 39 through 47, comprising a transceiver circuitry for generating transmissions and processing transmissions. 
     An abstract is provided that will allow the reader to ascertain the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. The following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20161207
Publication Date: 20210223
Grant Date: 20210223
Priority Date: 20160119
Inventors: YE, QIAOYANG
KWON, HWAN-JOON
BHORKAR, ABHIJEET
JEON, JEONGHO
HAMIDI-SEPEHR, Fatemeh
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04J11/00", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W16/14", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0048", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W48/16", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03M13/09", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0053", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0053", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W48/16", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L27/0006", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L27/0006", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L1/0068", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L1/0061", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04J11/00", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L1/0068", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W16/14", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0048", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W48/16", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L27/0006", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03M13/09", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0053", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L1/0061", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 57750594