PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10200019-B2
Application Number: US-201615259648-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Power removal monitor circuit for interface disconnect detect

Abstract:
Circuits, methods, and apparatus that may compensate for an incompatibility between connection detection schemes used by different interface circuits for different connector receptacles. One example may provide an active pull-down that normally provides a pull-down resistor and provides an open circuit for a period of time following a disconnection of an interface from a cable.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An active pull-down circuit comprising:
 a series network between a first terminal and ground, the series network comprising:
 a pull-down resistor; and 
 a switch in series with the pull-down resistor; and 
 
 a control circuit coupled to open the switch for a first period of time following a disconnection of a first connector receptacle of a first device and a first connector insert of a cable, 
 wherein the first period of time is determined by a discharge rate of a capacitor. 
 
     
     
       2. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 1  wherein the switch is a transistor. 
     
     
       3. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 1  wherein the switch is an N-channel MOSFET. 
     
     
       4. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 1  wherein the active pull-down circuit is housed in the cable. 
     
     
       5. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 1  wherein the active pull-down circuit is housed in the first connector insert. 
     
     
       6. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 5  wherein the first terminal is connected to a connection detect pin in a second connector insert of the cable. 
     
     
       7. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 1  wherein the discharge rate of the capacitor is determined by a discharge resistor. 
     
     
       8. An active pull-down circuit comprising:
 a series network between a first terminal and ground, the series network comprising:
 a pull-down resistor; and 
 a first transistor in series with the pull-down resistor; 
 
 a charge storage circuit comprising:
 a diode having an anode coupled to a second terminal; and 
 a capacitor coupled to a cathode of the diode; and 
 an inverter having a power supply input coupled to the cathode of the diode and the capacitor, and an input coupled to the second terminal; and 
 
 a discharge resistor coupled to an output of the inverter, wherein the output of the inverter is coupled to control the first transistor. 
 
     
     
       9. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 8  wherein the inverter is a Schmidt-trigger inverter. 
     
     
       10. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 8  wherein the output of the inverter is coupled to control the first transistor through a second transistor. 
     
     
       11. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 10  wherein the output of the inverter is coupled to a gate of the second transistor, and a drain of the second transistor is coupled to the gate of the first transistor. 
     
     
       12. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 11  wherein the first terminal is coupled to receive a connection detect signal from a first interface and the second terminal is coupled to receive a power supply from a second interface. 
     
     
       13. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 12  wherein when the second interface is disconnected from the active pull-down circuit, the inverter provides a voltage level supplied by the charge storage circuit, where the voltage level turns off the first transistor until the discharge resistor discharges the voltage level supplied by the charge storage circuit to a threshold voltage of the second transistor. 
     
     
       14. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 8  wherein the first terminal is coupled to receive a connection detect signal from a first interface and the second terminal is coupled to receive a power supply from a second interface. 
     
     
       15. The active pull-down circuit of  claim 14  wherein when the second interface is disconnected from the active pull-down circuit, the inverter provides a voltage level supplied by the charge storage circuit, where the voltage level turns off the first transistor until the discharge resistor discharges the voltage level supplied by the charge storage circuit to a threshold voltage. 
     
     
       16. A cable comprising:
 a first connector insert; 
 a second connector insert; 
 an active pull-down circuit comprising:
 a series network between a first terminal and ground, the series network comprising: 
 a pull-down resistor; and 
 a first transistor in series with the pull-down resistor; 
 
 a charge storage circuit comprising:
 a diode having an anode coupled to a second terminal; and 
 a capacitor coupled to a cathode of the diode; 
 
 an inverter having a power supply input coupled to the cathode of the diode and the capacitor, and an input coupled to the second terminal; and 
 a discharge resistor coupled to an output of the inverter, wherein the output of the inverter is coupled to control the first transistor, 
 wherein the first terminal is coupled to a first pin in the first connector insert and the second terminal is coupled to a first pin in the second connector insert. 
 
     
     
       17. The cable of  claim 16  wherein the first pin in the first connector insert is a connection detect pin. 
     
     
       18. The cable of  claim 16  wherein the first connector insert is a USB Type-C connector insert and the first pin is a CC pin. 
     
     
       19. The cable of  claim 17  wherein the first pin in the second connector insert is a power supply pin.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/215,546, filed Sep. 8, 2015, which is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The number of types of electronic devices that are commercially available has increased tremendously the past few years and the rate of introduction of new devices shows no signs of abating. Devices such as tablet, laptop, netbook, desktop, and all-in-one computers, cell, smart, and media phones, storage devices, portable media players, navigation systems, monitors, and others, have become ubiquitous. 
     Power and data may be provided from one device to another over cables that may include one or more wire conductors, fiber optic cables, or other conductor. Connector inserts may be located at each end of these cables and may be inserted into connector receptacles in the communicating or power transferring devices in order to provide pathways for data and power between them. 
     In some electronic systems, a user may want to connect a first device having a first type of connector receptacle to a second device having a second type of connector receptacle. In some systems, an incompatibility between the two types of connector receptacles cannot be overcome. That is, the interface circuits used by the two connector receptacles may be incompatible. In other systems, there may be no, or only a limited, incompatibility. In this case, a cable having different connector inserts that correspond to the different connector receptacles may be used to convey data, power, or both. In some systems this cable may be a pass-through cable. In other systems, circuitry may be included in the cable to compensate for an incompatibility between the connector receptacles. 
     Thus, what is needed are circuits, methods, and apparatus that may compensate for an incompatibility between different interface circuits for different connector receptacles. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may provide circuits, methods, and apparatus that may compensate for an incompatibility between different interface circuits for different connector receptacles. 
     An illustrative embodiment of the present invention may provide circuits, methods, and apparatus that may compensate for an incompatibility between a first interface circuit for a first connector receptacle of a first device that employs a connection detection scheme and a second interface circuit for a second connector receptacle of a second device that does not employ a connection detection scheme, or employs a different connection detection scheme. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first interface circuit and first connector receptacle may be a Universal Serial Bus Type-C (USB Type-C) interface circuit and connector receptacle, or more generally a USB Type-C interface. 
     In a USB Type-C system, a USB Type-C interface, which may be referred to as a port, may employ a connection detection scheme where a first interface circuit of a first device detects a resistor pull-up or pull-down in a second interface circuit of a second device. As one example, circuitry coupled to a connection detect pin (referred to as a “CC” pin) in a downward-facing port (DFP), or a dual-role port (DRP) acting as a DFP, of the first device may detect the presence of a pull-down resistor on a connection detect or CC pin in an upward-facing port (UFP) of the second device. When a pull-down resistor is detected by the connection detect or CC pin of the DFP of the first device, the DFP of the first device may determine that the first device is connected to the second device. 
     But often it may be desirable to connect a downward-facing port to a second, different type of interface on a second device. This second interface of the second device may not have a pull-down resistor to be detected by the connection detect or CC pin of the downward-facing port of the first device. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may compensate for this incompatibility by providing an active pull-down in a cable that connects the downward-facing USB Type-C port to the second interface. This active pull-down may be detected by the downward-facing port such that the downward-facing port may detect a connection and begin communicating or providing power to the second, different type of interface on the second device. 
     One illustrative embodiment of the present may provide a cable having an active pull-down circuit that appears as a pull-down resistor to the connection detect or CC pin of the downward-facing port of the first device when the cable is connected. This cable may connect the downward-facing port of the first device to a second interface of a second device. The active pull-down circuit may disconnect and appear as an open circuit for a period of time following a disconnection of the cable from the second interface of the second device. This active pull-down circuit may be located in either connector insert or elsewhere in the cable connecting the downward-facing USB Type-C port of a first device to the second, different type of interface on a second device. This active pull-down circuit may include a resistor in series with a switch. The switch may be normally closed such that the connection detect or CC pin of the downward-facing USB Type-C port of the first device may detect a pull-down resistor and may communicate or share power with the second device. When the second interface of the second device is disconnected from the cable, the switch may open for a period of time such that the disconnection is detected by the downward-facing USB Type-C port of the first device, whereby the first device may cease data communications and power sharing with the second device. 
     More specifically, when a cable provided by an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a downward-facing USB Type-C port of a first device, the connection detect or CC pin on the downward-facing port may detect the pull-down resistor in the active pull-down circuit. The DFP may determine that a connection to a second device has been made and may accordingly begin sharing data and providing a power supply voltage. The power supply may be referred to as VBUS. This VBUS power supply voltage may be a relatively low voltage, for example 5 Volts, and may have a series resistance for protection purposes. When a second interface is connected to the cable, the DFP may reduce the series resistance and the DFP and the second interface may negotiate for a higher voltage, such as 20 Volts, to be provided to the second interface. This higher voltage may then be provided. 
     If the second interface were then disconnected and the pull-down resistor remained in place, the DFP would not detect the disconnection and would continue to provide the higher voltage. If the second interface—or a third interface—were to be connected while the DFP was providing this higher voltage, the newly connected interface would likely not accept the higher voltage since it was not negotiated for. The newly connected interface could even become damaged due to the high voltage. 
     Accordingly, the active-pull down circuit may disconnect the pull-down resistor from the connection detect or CC pin of the DFP of the first device for a period of time following a disconnection of the second interface from the cable. This may allow the DFP of the first device to detect the disconnection and stop providing a higher-voltage VBUS power supply. The pull-down resistor may reconnect following this period of time, in which case the DFP may detect a connection and again provide a lower-voltage supply. 
     In an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, an active pull-down circuit may include a pull-down resistor in series with a switch, which may be a transistor or other type of switch. The switch may be controlled by a charge storage circuit that may open the switch for a period of time following a disconnection of the second interface from the cable. The charge storage circuit may discharge during a period of time during which the switch may remain open. Once the charge storage circuit has sufficiently discharged, the switch may again close. 
     Embodiments of the present invention may provide active pull-down and other circuits that may be used with cables connecting various types of devices, such as portable computing devices, tablet computers, desktop computers, laptops, all-in-one computers, wearable computing devices, cell phones, smart phones, media phones, storage devices, portable media players, navigation systems, monitors, power supplies, adapters, remote control devices, chargers, and other devices. These cables may provide pathways for signals and power compliant with various standards such as one of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standards including USB Type-C, High-Definition Multimedia Interface® (HDMI), Digital Visual Interface (DVI), Ethernet, DisplayPort, Thunderbolt™, Lightning™, Joint Test Action Group (JTAG), test-access-port (TAP), Directed Automated Random Testing (DART), universal asynchronous receiver/transmitters (UARTs), clock signals, power signals, and other types of standard, non-standard, and proprietary interfaces and combinations thereof that have been developed, are being developed, or will be developed in the future. 
     Various embodiments of the present invention may incorporate one or more of these and the other features described herein. A better understanding of the nature and advantages of the present invention may be gained by reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates an electronic system according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a cable apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIGS. 3-5  illustrate the operation of a cable apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6-8  illustrate the operation of an active pull-down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 9  illustrates a timing diagram for an active pull-down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
       FIG. 1  illustrates an electronic system according to an embodiment of the present invention. This figure, as with the other included figures, is shown for illustrative purposes and does not limit either the possible embodiments of the present invention or the claims. 
     In this example, a first device  110  having a USB Type-C downward-facing port  112  may be connected to a second device  120  having a second, different type of interface  122  in order to share data, power, or both. Specifically, the downward-facing port  112  on first device  110  may be electrically connected to second interface  122  on second device  120 . Contacts of downward-facing port  112  may be electrically connected to contacts of second interface  122  via cable  130 . 
     Downward-facing port  112  may use a connection detection scheme to determine whether it is connected to a remote interface, such as second interface  122 . But the second interface  122  may not employ a connection detection scheme, or it may employ an incompatible connection detection scheme. Without more, downward-facing port  112  may not be able to determine that the second device  120  is connected via second interface  122 . 
     Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may provide circuitry to interoperate with the downward-facing port in determining whether a second interface  122  that does not employ connection detection, or does not employ connection detection that is compatible with the downward-facing port, is connected. This circuitry may be located in a cable, adapter, dongle, or other assembly, or in another location, such as in devices  110 ,  120 , or both devices  110  and  120 . This circuitry may be located in one of the connector inserts or elsewhere in such an assembly. An example of such a cable assembly is shown in the following figures. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a cable apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this example, cable  130  may connect downward-facing USB Type-C port  112  to a second interface  122 . Downward-facing port  112  may provide power on line  212  to second interface  122  on line  232 . Specifically, downward-facing port  112  may provide a VBUS power supply voltage on line  212 . When a connection is detected, switch  214  may close such that the VBUS power supply voltage on line  212  is provided to power circuitry  250 . Power circuitry  250  may then provide a voltage on line  232  to second interface  122 . Second interface  122  may identify itself over line  234  to power circuitry  250 . When second interface  122  identifies itself to power circuitry  250 , power circuitry  250  may remove a series resistance that may be provided in order to limit current that may be drawn from the power supply on an exposed contact in a cable insert when second interface  122  is not connected. 
     Downward-facing port  112  may include pull-up resistor  216  connected to connection detect or CC pin  217 . Resistor  216  may be connected between the connection detect or CC pin  217  and a positive voltage on line  215 . Cable  130  may include in active pull-down circuit  240 . Active pull-down circuit  240  may provide a pull-down resistor  246  that acts to form a resistor divider with pull-up resistor  216  in downward-facing port  112 . This resistor divider may generate an intermediate voltage at the connection detect or CC pin  217 . This intermediate voltage may be detected by downward-facing port  112  and used to determine that downward-facing port  112  is connected. More specifically, the intermediate voltage on connection detect or CC pin  217  may be used by the downward-facing port  112  to determine that a connection has been made and that switch  214  should be closed such that the VBUS power supply on line  212  may be received by power circuitry  250 . Power circuitry  250  may provide a power supply voltage on line  232  to second interface  122 . The second interface  122  and downward-facing port  112  may negotiate for higher voltages to be provided by downward-facing port  112  to second interface  122 . 
     Second interface  122  may receive power on line  232  from power circuitry  250 . This power supply on line  232  may be used to generate an accessory power supply voltage on line  236 , which may be provided to cable  130 . Active pull-down circuit  240  in cable  130  may receive the accessory power supply voltage on line  236 . Diode  242  may conduct current to charge capacitor  244 . Diode  242  may disconnect when voltage  236  falls to zero following a disconnection of second interface  122 , thereby maintaining the charge on charge storage capacitor  244  following the disconnection. 
     If active pull-down circuit  240  were to be replaced with a simple pull-down resistor, the downward-facing port  112  might not be able to detect a disconnection when a second interface  122  is disconnected from cable  130 . This is a particular problem if a higher voltage on line  232  has been negotiated. This higher voltage would continue to be provided on line  232  since no disconnection has been detected by the downward-facing port  112 . Specifically, if second interface  122  is reconnected, it may be unable to accept this higher voltage since it has not been negotiated after second interface  122  has been reconnected. This higher voltage may also damage the second interface  122 . Also, a third interface (not shown) may be damaged if it is connected and receives the higher voltage. 
     Accordingly, after second interface  122  is disconnected from cable  130 , switch  248  in active pull-down circuitry  240  may open. This may allow a voltage on the connection detect or CC pin  217  to pull high. This high voltage may be used by downward-facing port  112  to determine that a disconnection has occurred. In this case, switch  214  may open and the voltage on line  232  may be reduced. This reduction may allow the second interface  122  or a new third interface to be connected. 
     The circuitry in this figure and the other figures is shown in particular locations for illustrative purposes. In other embodiments of the present invention, these circuits may be located elsewhere. For example, power circuitry  250  may be located in a first device  110  or downward-facing port  112 , in a connector insert or elsewhere in cable  130 , in a second device  120  or second interface  122 , or elsewhere in an electronic system. Active pull-down circuit  240  may be located in a first device  110  or downward-facing port  112 , in a connector insert or elsewhere in cable  130 , in a second device  120  or second interface  122 , or elsewhere in an electronic system. 
     In a specific embodiment of the present invention, switch  248  may remain open for a first period of time following a disconnection of second interface  122  from cable  130 . This first print of time may be determined by a discharge rate on charge storage capacitor  244 . A sequence of events that may occur as cable  130  and second interface  122  are connected and then disconnected is shown in the following figures. 
       FIGS. 3-5  illustrate the operation of a cable apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In  FIG. 3 , cable  130  is not connected to a second interface  122 . Switch  240  is normally closed and provides a pull-down on connection detect or CC pin  217 . This pull-down may generate an intermediate voltage on connection detect or CC pin  217 . This intermediate voltage may be used by the downward-facing port  112  to determine that it is connected to a device and should close switch  214 . Accordingly, downward-facing port  112  may close switch  214  and provide a low voltage, for example 5 V, on line  232  through power circuitry  250 . Power circuitry  250  may include a series resistance to limit current that may be available at an exposed contact of a connector insert. 
     In  FIG. 4 , second interface  122  has been connected to cable  220 . Switch  248  may stay closed, continuing to provide a pull-down resistor  246 . Second interface  122  and downward-facing port  112  may negotiate for the VBUS power supply voltage on line  232  to be increased by downward-facing port  112 . As a result of these negotiations, the VBUS voltage on line  232  may be increased. 
     In  FIG. 5 , second interface  122  may be disconnected. Switch  248  may open, allowing the voltage on connection detect or CC pin  217  to rise. The connection detect or CC pin  217  of downward-facing port  112  may see this rising voltage as a disconnection and turn off the power on line  232 , for example by opening switch  214 . Switch  248  may open until capacitor  244  discharges at which time switch  248  may close. At this time, downward-facing port  112  and cable  130  have returned to the state shown in  FIG. 3  and may again be ready to be connected to second interface  122 , or a new interface. 
     Various circuits may be used for the active pull-down circuit  240  consistent with an embodiment of the present invention. An example is shown in the following figures. 
       FIG. 6-8  illustrates the operation of an active pull-down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In  FIG. 6 , the active pull-down circuit may include a pull-down resistor  246  in series with switch  248 . This circuitry may also include a charge storage circuit including diode  242  and capacitor  244 . A discharge resistor  614  may also be included. 
     When a second interface  122  is not connected to the cable housing this circuitry, then no voltage is received on line  236  and resistor  618  may pull the voltage on the  236  to ground. Similarly, resistor  614  may pull voltages on lines  249  and  643  to ground. This may shut off transistor  612 . 
     Connection detect or CC pin  217  may be connected to the connection detect pin in downward-facing port  112 . The pull-up resistor  216  in downward-facing port  112  may pull-up resistor  610  to turn on transistor  248 . That is, the path through pull-up resistor  216  (as shown in  FIG. 3 ) may form a power supply for transistor  248  in the absence of a power supply on line  236 . Transistor  248  may then conduct, pulling line  611  low. This may connect pull-down resistor  246  to ground. Again, the resistor divider formed by resistors  216  and  246  may generate an intermediate voltage on connection detect or CC pin  217  that may be used by downward-facing port  112  to determine that a connection has been made. 
     In  FIG. 7 , second interface  122  may connect to cable  130 . Accordingly, a voltage supply may be received on line  236 . This voltage may charge capacitor  244  through disconnect diode  242 . Inverter  620  may invert the high-voltage received on line  236  to a low voltage, thereby turning off transistor  612  once again. As before, the voltage on connection detect or CC pin  217  may pull-up on the gate of transistor  248 , thereby turning transistor  248  on and driving line  611  low. The low voltage on line  611  may connect pull-down resistor  246  to the connection detect or CC pin  217 . 
     In  FIG. 8 , second interface  122  may be disconnected. Line  236  may return low. Inverter  620  may invert this signal driving line  249  high. This may turn on transistor  612 , which may in turn shut off transistor  248 . Accordingly, line  611  may go high, thereby disconnecting pull-down resistor  246 . This disconnection of resistor  246  may be seen by downward-facing port  112  as a disconnection of the second interface  122 . Again, downward-facing port  112  may then shut off its power supply that is being provided to second interface  122 . Discharge current may flow out of charge storage capacitor  244 , through an output transistor in inverter  620 , and through discharge resistor  614  to ground. At some point, the voltage on line  249  may discharge to the threshold voltage of transistor  612 . Beyond that point, transistor  612  may turn off. This may then allow resistor  610  to pull-up on the gate of transistor  248 , which may pull line  611  low thereby reconnecting pull-down resistor  246 . When the power supply is removed from line  236 , resistors  618  and capacitor  616  may control the decay of the voltage on line  236 . 
     The types and sizes of these components may vary in different embodiments of the present invention. For example, the charge storage capacitor  244  may have a value of 0.1, 0.2, 0.22, 0.27 uF or other value. The discharge resistor  614  may have a value of 100 k, 200 k, 510 k, 750 k, or other value. Capacitor  616  and resistors  618  may be similarly sized. Resistor  610  may have a value of 100 k, 200 k, 510 k, 750 k, or other value. The transistors  612  and  248  may be N-channel MOSFETs. Inverter  620  may be a Schmidt-trigger inverter or other inverter. Disconnect diode  242  may be a Schottky barrier diode or other type of diode. 
       FIG. 9  illustrates a timing diagram of waveforms in an active pull-down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. At time  910 , a second interface  122  (shown in  FIG. 2 ) may be connected and a voltage provided to the active pull-down circuit by second interface on line  236  may increase. This voltage may fall to zero after a disconnection of the second interface  122 . The drop in voltage on line  236  may be inverted by inverter  620  leading to an increase in voltage on line  249  at time  920 . Again, this voltage may decay over time  922 . This time may be a function of the sizes of charge storage capacity  244  and discharge resistor  614 . When the voltage on line  249  goes high at time  920 , the voltage on line  611  follows and goes high at time  930 . When voltage  249  decays to a threshold voltage of transistor  612 , line  611  may return low at time  932 . This may similarly pull the voltage on the connection detect or CC pin  217  low. 
     Embodiments of the present invention may provide active pull-down and other circuits that may be used with cables connecting various types of devices, such as portable computing devices, tablet computers, desktop computers, laptops, all-in-one computers, wearable computing devices, cell phones, smart phones, media phones, storage devices, portable media players, navigation systems, monitors, power supplies, adapters, remote control devices, chargers, and other devices. These cables may provide pathways for signals and power compliant with various standards such as one of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standards including USB Type-C, HDMI, DVI, Ethernet, DisplayPort, Thunderbolt, Lightning, JTAG, TAP, DART, UARTs, clock signals, power signals, and other types of standard, non-standard, and proprietary interfaces and combinations thereof that have been developed, are being developed, or will be developed in the future. 
     The above description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form described, and many modifications and variations are possible in light of the teaching above. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Thus, it will be appreciated that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents within the scope of the following claims.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20160908
Publication Date: 20190205
Grant Date: 20190205
Priority Date: 20150908
Inventors: ZUPKE, Robert D.
Patel, Priyank D.
SCHNEIDER, GERHARD A.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H03K3/3565", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F13/385", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F13/4081", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03K3/3565", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F13/385", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F13/4081", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F13/385", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F13/4081", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 58191147