PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11831986-B2
Application Number: US-202117472427-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Camera actuator assembly with sensor shift flexure arrangement

Abstract:
Various embodiments include a camera with image sensor shifting capabilities and a flexure arrangement. In various embodiments, the flexure arrangement may include an upper flexure and a lower flexure. The upper flexure may include a suspension wire that extends between two sheets. The lower flexure may include one or more flexure arms that connect a moveable platform to a stationary platform.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A camera, comprising:
 one or more lens elements that define an optical axis; 
 an image sensor configured to capture light that has passed through the one or more lens elements; 
 a moveable platform fixedly coupled to the image sensor such that the image sensor moves together with the moveable platform; 
 an actuator module configured to move the image sensor in one or more directions orthogonal to the optical axis; and 
 a flexure arrangement configured to guide the movement of the moveable platform in a controlled manner, the flexure arrangement comprising:
 an upper flexure coupled to the moveable platform and attached to one or more fixed components of the camera at a location above the movable platform; and 
 a lower flexure that connects the moveable platform to one or more fixed components of the camera. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The camera of  claim 1 , wherein the upper flexure comprises:
 a top sheet component, attached to one or more fixed components of the camera, that defines a first plane that is parallel to the image sensor; 
 a bottom sheet component that defines a second plane that is parallel to the first plane and is fixedly coupled to the moveable platform; and 
 one or more suspension wires. 
 
     
     
       3. The camera of  claim 2 , wherein the one or more suspension wires each comprise:
 a top end portion attached to the top sheet component; and 
 a bottom end portion coupled to the moveable platform. 
 
     
     
       4. The camera of  claim 3 , wherein the one or more suspension wires of the upper flexure extend from the top sheet component to the bottom sheet component in a direction that is orthogonal to a length of the image sensor. 
     
     
       5. The camera of  claim 1 , wherein the actuator module comprises a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator assembly. 
     
     
       6. The camera of  claim 5 , wherein:
 the VCM actuator assembly comprises an optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator to move the image sensor in directions orthogonal to the optical axis; 
 the OIS VCM actuator comprises:
 a magnet attached to a magnet holder; and 
 an OIS coil coupled to the moveable platform; and 
 
 the upper flexure comprises a top sheet that is attached to the magnet holder. 
 
     
     
       7. The camera of  claim 6 , wherein:
 the VCM actuator assembly further comprises an autofocus (AF) VCM actuator to move the one or more lens elements along the optical axis; and 
 the AF VCM actuator comprises:
 the magnet attached to the magnet holder; and 
 an AF coil coupled to a lens carrier that holds the one or more lens elements. 
 
 
     
     
       8. A device, comprising:
 one or more processors; 
 one or more cameras; and 
 a memory comprising program instructions executable by at least one of the one or more processors to control operations of the one or more cameras; 
 wherein at least one of the one or more cameras is a camera comprising:
 one or more lens elements that define an optical axis; 
 an image sensor configured to capture light that has passed through the one or more lens elements; 
 a moveable platform fixedly coupled to the image sensor such that the image sensor moves together with the moveable platform; 
 an actuator module configured to move the image sensor in one or more directions orthogonal to the optical axis; and 
 a flexure arrangement configured to guide the movement of the moveable platform in a controlled manner, the flexure arrangement comprising:
 an upper flexure coupled to the moveable platform and attached to one or more fixed components of the camera at a location above the movable platform; and 
 a lower flexure that connects the moveable platform to one or more fixed components of the camera. 
 
 
 
     
     
       9. The device of  claim 8 , wherein the upper flexure comprises:
 a top sheet component, attached to one or more fixed components of the camera, that defines a first plane that is parallel to the image sensor; 
 a bottom sheet component that defines a second plane that is parallel to the first plane and is fixedly coupled to the moveable platform; and 
 one or more suspension wires. 
 
     
     
       10. The device of  claim 9 , wherein the one or more suspension wires each comprise:
 a top end portion attached to the top sheet component; and 
 a bottom end portion coupled to the moveable platform. 
 
     
     
       11. The device of  claim 10 , wherein the one or more suspension wires of the upper flexure extend from the top sheet component to the bottom sheet component in a direction that is orthogonal to a length of the image sensor. 
     
     
       12. The device of  claim 8 , wherein the actuator module comprises a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator assembly. 
     
     
       13. The device of  claim 12 , wherein:
 the VCM actuator assembly comprises an optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator to move the image sensor in directions orthogonal to the optical axis; 
 the OIS VCM actuator comprises:
 a magnet attached to a magnet holder; and 
 an OIS coil coupled to the moveable platform; and 
 
 the upper flexure comprises a top sheet that is attached to the magnet holder. 
 
     
     
       14. The device of  claim 13 , wherein:
 the VCM actuator assembly further comprises an autofocus (AF) VCM actuator to move the one or more lens elements along the optical axis; and 
 the AF VCM actuator comprises:
 the magnet attached to the magnet holder; and 
 an AF coil coupled to a lens carrier that holds the one or more lens elements. 
 
 
     
     
       15. A voice coil motor (VCM) actuator assembly for a camera, the VCM actuator assembly comprising:
 a moveable platform configured to fixedly couple to an image sensor such that the image sensor moves together with the moveable platform; 
 an actuator module configured to move the moveable platform in one or more directions orthogonal to an optical axis defined by one or more lenses; and 
 a flexure arrangement configured to guide the movement of the moveable platform in a controlled manner, the flexure arrangement comprising:
 an upper flexure configured to couple to the moveable platform and attach to one or more fixed components of the camera at a location above the movable platform; and 
 a lower flexure configured to connect the moveable platform to one or more fixed components of the camera. 
 
 
     
     
       16. The VCM actuator assembly of  claim 15 , wherein the upper flexure comprises:
 a top sheet component, attached to one or more fixed components of the camera, that defines a first plane that is parallel to the image sensor; 
 a bottom sheet component that defines a second plane that is parallel to the first plane and is fixedly coupled to the moveable platform; and 
 one or more suspension wires. 
 
     
     
       17. The VCM actuator assembly of  claim 16 , wherein the one or more suspension wires each comprise:
 a top end portion attached to the top sheet component; and 
 a bottom end portion coupled to the moveable platform. 
 
     
     
       18. The VCM actuator assembly of  claim 15 , wherein the actuator module comprises a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator assembly. 
     
     
       19. The VCM actuator assembly of  claim 18 , wherein:
 the VCM actuator assembly comprises an optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator to move the moveable platform in directions orthogonal to the optical axis; 
 the OIS VCM actuator comprises:
 a magnet attached to a magnet holder; and 
 an OIS coil coupled to the moveable platform; and 
 
 the upper flexure comprises a top sheet that is attached to the magnet holder. 
 
     
     
       20. The VCM actuator assembly of  claim 19 , wherein:
 the VCM actuator assembly further comprises an autofocus (AF) VCM actuator configured to move the one or more lenses along the optical axis.

Description:
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/563,745, filed Sep. 14, 2021, which claims benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/731,715, filed Sep. 14, 2018, titled “Camera Sensor Shift Flexure Arrangement”, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     This disclosure relates generally to architecture for a camera with image sensor shifting capabilities and a flexure arrangement. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     The advent of small, mobile multipurpose devices such as smartphones and tablet or pad devices has resulted in a need for high-resolution, small form factor cameras for integration in the devices. Some small form factor cameras may incorporate optical image stabilization (OIS) mechanisms that may sense and react to external excitation/disturbance by adjusting location of the optical lens on the X and/or Y axis in an attempt to compensate for unwanted motion of the lens. Some small form factor cameras may incorporate an autofocus (AF) mechanism whereby the object focal distance can be adjusted to focus an object plane in front of the camera at an image plane to be captured by the image sensor. In some such autofocus mechanisms, the optical lens is moved as a single rigid body along the optical axis of the camera (e.g. the Z-axis) to refocus the camera. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a cross-sectional view of an example camera that may have image sensor shifting capabilities and that may include a flexure arrangement allowing for motion of the image sensor in the X and/or Y directions, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a perspective view of the example camera and the flexure arrangement of  FIG.  1   , in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates an exploded perspective view of an example camera having a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator to move the lens carrier along an optical axis and one or more additional voice coil motor (VCM) actuators to move the image sensor along one or more axes perpendicular to the optical axis, in accordance with some embodiments. Furthermore,  FIG.  3    shows an example lower flexure of a flexure arrangement of the camera, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  4    is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexure arrangement as shown in  FIG.  1    and an example modeling of the spring coefficients of the example flexure arrangement of  FIG.  1   , in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  5    illustrates a top view of an example lower flexure of a flexure arrangement that may be used in a camera having image sensor shifting capabilities, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  6    illustrates a block diagram of an example portable multifunction device that may include a camera with image sensor shifting capabilities and/or that may include a flexure arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  7    depicts an example portable multifunction device that may include a camera with image sensor shifting capabilities and/or that may include a flexure arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  8    illustrates an example computer system that may include a camera with image sensor shifting capabilities and/or that may include a flexure arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     This specification includes references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment.” The appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure. 
     “Comprising.” This term is open-ended. As used in the appended claims, this term does not foreclose additional structure or steps. Consider a claim that recites: “An apparatus comprising one or more processor units . . . .” Such a claim does not foreclose the apparatus from including additional components (e.g., a network interface unit, graphics circuitry, etc.). 
     “Configured To.” Various units, circuits, or other components may be described or claimed as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is used to connote structure by indicating that the units/circuits/components include structure (e.g., circuitry) that performs those task or tasks during operation. As such, the unit/circuit/component can be said to be configured to perform the task even when the specified unit/circuit/component is not currently operational (e.g., is not on). The units/circuits/components used with the “configured to” language include hardware—for example, circuits, memory storing program instructions executable to implement the operation, etc. Reciting that a unit/circuit/component is “configured to” perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112, sixth paragraph, for that unit/circuit/component. Additionally, “configured to” can include generic structure (e.g., generic circuitry) that is manipulated by software and/or firmware (e.g., an FPGA or a general-purpose processor executing software) to operate in manner that is capable of performing the task(s) at issue. “Configure to” may also include adapting a manufacturing process (e.g., a semiconductor fabrication facility) to fabricate devices (e.g., integrated circuits) that are adapted to implement or perform one or more tasks. 
     “First,” “Second,” etc. As used herein, these terms are used as labels for nouns that they precede, and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.). For example, a buffer circuit may be described herein as performing write operations for “first” and “second” values. The terms “first” and “second” do not necessarily imply that the first value must be written before the second value. 
     “Upper,” “Lower,” etc. As used herein, these terms are used as labels for nouns that they precede, and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.). For example, a flexure arrangement may be described herein as comprising an upper flexure and a lower flexure. The terms “upper” and “lower” do not necessarily imply that the upper flexure must be above the lower flexure. 
     “Based On.” As used herein, this term is used to describe one or more factors that affect a determination. This term does not foreclose additional factors that may affect a determination. That is, a determination may be solely based on those factors or based, at least in part, on those factors. Consider the phrase “determine A based on B.” While in this case, B is a factor that affects the determination of A, such a phrase does not foreclose the determination of A from also being based on C. In other instances, A may be determined based solely on B. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first contact could be termed a second contact, and, similarly, a second contact could be termed a first contact, without departing from the intended scope. The first contact and the second contact are both contacts, but they are not the same contact. 
     The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     As used herein, the term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Some embodiments include camera equipment outfitted with controls, magnets, and voice coil motors to improve the effectiveness of a miniature actuation mechanism for a compact camera module. More specifically, in some embodiments, compact camera modules include actuators to deliver functions such as autofocus (AF) and/or optical image stabilization (OIS). One approach to delivering a very compact actuator for AF and/or OIS is to use a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator. In various embodiments, AF movement may comprise movement of a lens along an optical axis, e.g., along the Z-axis. Furthermore, OIS movement may comprise lateral movement of the image sensor relative to the optical axis, e.g., along the X-Y plane. As used herein, the optical axis may be the path of light as it passes through one or more lenses and impinges on the image sensor. 
     In some embodiments, a camera may include one or more lens elements, an image sensor, a moveable platform, a stationary platform (the platforms are sometimes referred to as a first platform and a second platform, herein), an actuator module, and a flexure arrangement. A lens holder may include the one or more lens elements and the one or more lens elements may define an optical axis for the camera. The image sensor may be configured to capture light that has passed through the one or more lens elements of the lens holder. The moveable platform may be coupled (e.g., fixedly coupled) to the image sensor such that the image sensor moves together with the moveable platform. The stationary platform may be configured to be stationary (relative to the base, for example). The actuator module may be configured to move the image sensor in one or more directions orthogonal to the optical axis, e.g., to provide OIS movement of the image sensor. 
     In embodiments disclosed herein, within the camera there is one or more set of components that are considered to be fixed such that when the OIS actuator is being operated, the OIS actuator causes movement of the image sensor relative to those fixed components. For instance, the image sensor and its substrate attached to the moveable platform may be allowed to move with respect to other components of the camera by a flexure arrangement that flexibly attaches the moveable platform to various stationary components of the camera (e.g., a magnet holder, can, etc.). In at least some embodiments, the term “stationary” is a relative term. For instance, some components of the camera are stationary with respect to the moveable platform. 
     In some designs with only a single or lower flexure, depending upon the weight of the assembly, a more supportive flexure may be required. For example, an individual flexure may be stiffened to support an assembly with a greater weight, or to prevent breakage (e.g., when the camera is dropped). However, stiffening of an individual flexure, in some designs, may impede the desired OIS movement in the X/Y directions in order to obtain the additional stiffness in the Z direction. Also, stiffening of an individual flexure may result in an unwanted increase in height of the flexure (where the height of the flexure corresponds to the Z direction in the camera). This may impact the height of the overall camera assembly. 
     Embodiments with an upper and lower flexure, as described herein, may obtain a desired increase in stiffness and/or strength in the Z direction, while maintaining movement in the X and Y directions for OIS, without impacting the height of the camera assembly. 
     In some examples, the flexure arrangement may be configured to guide motion of the moveable platform in a controlled manner. The flexure arrangement may include an upper flexure and a lower flexure. The upper flexure may include a top sheet, a bottom sheet, and a set of suspension wires. The top sheet may be coupled to a fixed structure of the camera in some cases. For instance, the actuator may include a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator that includes one or more magnets and one or more coils, and the top sheet may be attached to a magnet holder that holds the magnets. The bottom sheet may be coupled to a structure that is moveable relative to the fixed structure. For instance, the bottom sheet may be coupled to the moveable platform that includes the image sensor. The suspension wires may extend from the top sheet to the bottom sheet. For instance, the suspension wires may have a top end portion that is attached to the top sheet, and a bottom end portion that is attached to the bottom sheet. In some embodiments, the top sheet may define a first plane that is parallel to the image sensor. Additionally, or alternatively, the bottom sheet may define a second plane that is parallel to the first plane and/or the image sensor. In some instances, the suspension wires may extend from the top sheet to the bottom sheet in a direction that is orthogonal to the image sensor. In some embodiments, the top end portion of the suspension wires may be attached to a corner portion of the top sheet, and the bottom end portion of the suspension wires may be attached to a corresponding corner portion of the bottom sheet that is proximate the corner portion of the top sheet. 
     In some embodiments, the lower flexure may include one or more flexure arms that connect the moveable platform to the stationary platform. 
     In some embodiments, a flexure arrangement comprising an upper flexure that includes a top sheet and suspension wires connected to a bottom sheet and a lower flexure comprising flexure arms that provide a path to connect electrical traces from an image sensor to a stationary component of the camera may provide more stiffness in the Z-direction than a single flexure sheet. For example, suspension wires may be relatively stiff in the Z-direction but allow movement in the X and Y directions. Also, using separate flexures (e.g. an upper flexure comprising a top sheet, suspension wires, and bottom sheet, and a lower flexure comprising flexure arms) may decouple the stiffness requirements needed to support a moveable platform in different directions. For example the majority of the stiffness required to support the platform in the Z-direction may be provided by the upper flexure comprising a top sheet, suspension wires, and bottom sheet, such that a thickness of a lower flexure comprising flexure arms does not need to support the weight of the platform in the Z-direction. Thus Z-stiffness and X-stiffness and Y-stiffness may be provided by different ones of the flexures. In some embodiments, X-stiffness and Y-stiffness for a moveable platform relative to a stationary platform may be achieved by an X-stiffness and Y-stiffness of suspension wires and additionally by an X-stiffness and Y-stiffness of a lower flexure comprising flexure arms that connect wire traces from the image sensor to components connected to the stationary platform. 
     In some examples, a VCM actuator assembly may include an OIS VCM actuator to move the image sensor in directions orthogonal to the optical axis. For instance, the OIS VCM actuator may include a magnet attached to the magnet holder, and an OIS coil coupled to the moveable platform. In some embodiments, the VCM actuator assembly may include an AF VCM actuator to move the lens along the optical axis. The AF VCM actuator may include the magnet attached to the magnet holder, and an AF coil coupled to a lens carrier that holds the one or more lens elements. In some embodiments, the same magnet or set of magnets may be used to form both the OIS VCM actuator(s) and the AF VCM actuator(s). According to some examples, the top sheet of the upper flexure may include a first portion that is attached to the magnet holder, and a second portion that is attached to the lens carrier. The second portion of the top sheet may suspend the lens carrier from the magnet holder. For example, the second portion of the top sheet may act as a leaf spring that allows the lens carrier to move up and down vertically in the Z-direction relative to the magnet holder. 
     In some embodiments, the camera may be part of a device (e.g., a mobile device, a mobile multifunction device, etc.). In some cases, the device may include a display and one or more processors. The processor(s) may be configured to cause the camera to capture an image via the image sensor. Furthermore, the processor(s) may be configured to cause the display to present the image. In some embodiments, the processor(s) may be configured to cause one or more of the VCM actuators to move the image sensor in one or more directions orthogonal to the optical axis. In some embodiments, the processor(s) may be configured to cause one or more of the VCM actuators to move the lens carrier in a direction along the optical axis (e.g. the Z-direction), such that the lens carrier moves closer to or farther away from the image sensor in the Z-direction. 
     In some embodiments, a VCM actuator (or a VCM actuator assembly) may include one or more magnets, one or more coils, the moveable platform, a magnet holder (which may be stationary), and the flexure arrangement. 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that some embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates a cross-sectional view of an example camera  100  that may have image sensor shifting capabilities and that may include a flexure arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  2    illustrates a perspective view of the camera  100  and the flexure arrangement of  FIG.  1   , in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the camera  100  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS.  3 - 8   . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  100  may include a set of one or more lenses  102 , an image sensor  104 , a flexure arrangement  108 , and one or more actuators. The one or more lenses  102  may include one or more lens elements that define an optical axis (for example, the one or more lenses may include multiple lens elements, each lens element of a transparent material). The one or more lenses  102  (whether or not the lenses includes a single lens element or multiple lens elements) may be held within a lens barrel  110 , which may in turn be connected to a lens carrier  112 , although it should be appreciated that the lens barrel  110  and lens carrier  112  may be a common component in some embodiments. In at least the illustrated embodiment, lens barrel  110  holds one or more lenses  102  in place and acts as a support structure for the one or more lenses  102 . In some embodiments, the lens carrier  112  provides a support structure for connections to other components, such as connections to flexures or connections to other components via flexures. For example, in some embodiments a second portion of a top sheet  138  may include leaf springs that connect lens carrier  112  to magnet holder  132  such that the lens carrier  112  may move in the Z-direction relative to the magnet holder  132 . In at least one example, the lens barrel  110  and lens carrier  112  may be coupled together (e.g., via threads or otherwise) to form a single component, or may be formed of a single common component that performs the functionality of both the lens barrel and the lens carrier, in some examples. The image sensor  104  may be configured to capture light passing through the one or more lenses  102  and may convert the captured light into image signals. The path of light through the one or more lenses and as the light impinges on the image sensor  104  may be referred to as the optical axis in some examples. 
     In some embodiments, an actuator assembly may include an optical image stabilization (OIS) actuator(s) and/or an autofocus (AF) actuator. The actuator assembly may include a first actuator (e.g., an OIS voice coil motor (VCM) actuator  114 ) to perform optical image stabilization. The actuator module may also include a second actuator (e.g., an AF VCM actuator  116 ) which may be used to perform autofocus, in some embodiments. 
     In some examples, the OIS VCM actuator  114  may include one or more magnets  118  and one or more OIS coils  120 . Furthermore, the AF VCM actuator  116  may include one or more magnets  118  and one or more AF coils  122 . In some embodiments, the magnets  118  may be shared magnets that are used for both the OIS VCM actuator  114  and the OIS VCM actuator  116 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  1   . For example, multiple coils of either or both of the AF actuator and the OIS actuator may magnetically interact with a same magnet to cause the lens carrier  112  to move vertically in the Z-direction and to cause the moveable platform  124  that includes the image sensor  104  to move in the X-direction and/or Y-direction. However, in other embodiments, each of the OIS VCM actuator  114  and the AF VCM actuator  116  may have a respective set of one or more magnets that are not shared by the actuators. In some embodiments, the OIS coils and AF coils may be constructed from the same type of material and may be constructed similarly. Generally, an OIS coil is a coil that supports optical image stabilization functionality and is positioned as part of an OIS actuator and an AF coil is a coil that supports autofocus functionality and is positioned as part of an AF actuator. For example, an OIS coil of an OIS actuator may be positioned relative to a corresponding magnet to produce Lorentz forces in the X and Y directions and an AF coil of an AF actuator may be positioned relative to a corresponding magnet (which may be the same magnet as used by the OIS actuator) to produce Lorentz forces in the optical axis direction, e.g. in the Z-direction. It is contemplated that OIS coils and AF coils may be constructed from different types of materials or constructed in a different manner, in some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, the camera  100  and/or the OIS VCM actuator  114  may include a moveable platform  124  and a stationary platform  126 . Movement of the moveable platform may be described with respect to fixed components of the camera, such as the magnet holder  132 , base  130 , or stationary platform  126  mounted to base  130 . For instance, an OIS VCM actuator associated with optical image stabilization functionality may be configured to facilitate movement of the moveable platform  124  orthogonal to the optical axis. 
     In some embodiments, a flexure arrangement, such as flexure arrangement  108 , may allow the moveable platform  124  to move in directions orthogonal to the optical axis while minimizing movement of the moveable platform  124  along the optical axis. For example, a moveable platform  124  may be configured to move, responsive to the OIS VCM actuator, with respect to base  130  in directions orthogonal to the optical axis (e.g., along the X-Y plane). 
     Various arrangements of components (e.g., suspension wires and flexure components) may facilitate movement of the moveable platform orthogonal to the optical axis while limiting movement of the moveable platform along the Z plane. In various embodiments, the moveable platform generally moves with respect to a number of stationary features such as the magnet holder  132 , top sheet  138 , and stationary platform  126 . In some embodiments, a common fixed structure provides support for suspension wires that facilitate movement of the moveable platform along the X-Y plane but restricts movement of the moveable platform along the Z plane. 
     In some embodiments, the common fixed structure (e.g., the top sheet  138  resting on magnet holder  132  that is fixedly attached to the can  146 , in some embodiments) ensures that the suspension wires remain fixed with respect to one another. It is contemplated that the common fixed structure supporting the suspension wires may not remain fixed with respect to the base, in some embodiments. For instance, a structure supporting the suspension wires may itself move slightly with respect to other components of the camera. For example, the top sheet  138  may include semi-flexible tabs to which the suspension wires  142  are connected. In some situations, for example when the camera is dropped, the semi-flexible tabs of the top sheet  138  may flex to absorb forces of impact due to the camera being dropped such that the semi-flexible tabs allow the suspension wires and attached moveable platform to move slightly within a can  146  of the camera  100  and towards or away from base  130 . 
     The moveable platform  124  may be coupled to the image sensor  104  such that the image sensor  104  moves together with the moveable platform  124 . For instance, the moveable platform  124  may be attached to a substrate  128  that is coupled to the image sensor  104 . The stationary platform  126  is configured to be stationary (e.g., relative to the base  130  of the camera). For instance, the stationary platform  126  may be fixedly attached to base  130  of the camera  100 . In some embodiments, stationary platform  126  may be formed as part of the base of the camera  100 . In some embodiments, in order to maintain the fixed relationship to the camera base, the stationary platform may be formed on or connected to some other components of the camera that remains in constant relation to the camera base  130 . 
     The OIS VCM actuator  114  is configured to move the moveable platform  124 , the substrate  128 , and/or the image sensor  104  in one or more directions orthogonal to the optical axis, e.g., as indicated by arrows  130  in  FIG.  1   , to provide OIS movement of the image sensor  104 . According to some examples, the magnets  118  may be attached to a magnet holder  132 . The magnet holder  132  may be a fixed structure of the camera  100  in some embodiments. For example, the magnet holder may be fixedly coupled to or fashioned from one or more of the set of components that are considered to be fixed such that when the OIS actuator is being operated, the OIS actuator causes movement of the image sensor relative to those fixed components (e.g., fixed to the underneath surface of the shield can  146  for the camera). The OIS coils  120  may be attached to, or formed on, the substrate  128 . In some embodiments, each OIS coil  114  may be located below a respective magnet  118 , e.g., as shown in  FIG.  1   . In some instances, the magnets  118  may magnetically interact with the OIS coils  120  to produce Lorentz forces that move the OIS coils  120  (together with the substrate  128 , the moveable platform  124 , and/or the image sensor  104 ) relative to the magnets  118 . 
     In some embodiments, the AF VCM actuator  116  may be configured to move the one or more lenses  102 , the lens barrel  110 , and the lens carrier  112  along the optical axis, e.g., as indicated by arrows  134  in  FIG.  1   , to provide AF movement of the one or more lenses  102 . According to some examples, the AF coil  122  may be attached to the lens carrier  112 . For instance, the AF coil  122  may be configured to circumferentially surround the lens carrier  112 . The AF coil  122  may be located between the magnets  118  and the one or more lenses  102  mounted in the lens carrier  112  in some cases, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  1   . Other embodiments, such as a fixed coil (in place of the fixed magnet in the illustrated embodiments) and moving magnet (moving with the lens carrier) are contemplated (where the magnet is attached to the lens carrier  112  and moves with the lens carrier). In some instances, the magnets  118  may magnetically interact with the AF coil  122  to produce Lorentz forces that move the AF coil  122  (together with the lens carrier  112 , the lens barrel  110 , and the one or more lenses  102 ) relative to the magnets  118 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  100 , and the OIS VCM actuator  114  may include a flexure arrangement  108 . In some instances, the flexure arrangement  108  may be configured to suspend or hold one or more elements of the OIS actuator, moveable platform  124 , the substrate  128 , and/or the image sensor  104  in a controlled manner. In various examples, the flexure arrangement  108  may include an upper flexure  134  (comprising a top sheet  138 , suspension wires  142 , and bottom sheet  140 ) and a lower flexure  136  (comprising flexure arms  144  that provide a path for electrical traces between the image sensor  104  and electronic components coupled to stationary components of the camera, such as base  130 ). 
     Although a particular embodiment with a particular arrangement of top and bottom sheets and suspension wires is illustrated, it is contemplated that other materials and components may be substituted and formed in various other arrangements for the overall flexure arrangement without necessarily departing from the scope of the disclosure. 
     In some embodiments, the upper flexure  134  may include a top sheet  138 , a bottom sheet  140 , and a suspension wire  142 . The top sheet  138  and/or the bottom sheet  140  may be etched sheets in some examples. 
       FIG.  2    illustrates a perspective view of the example camera and the flexure arrangement of  FIG.  1   , in accordance with some embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, the top sheet  138  is coupled to a fixed structure of the camera  100 . For instance, the top sheet  138  is attached to the magnet holder  132 . The bottom sheet  140  may be coupled to a structure that is moveable relative to the fixed structure. For instance, the bottom sheet  140  may be fixedly coupled to substrate  128  that is itself is fixedly coupled to the moveable platform  124 . 
     In embodiments, “fixedly coupled” or “coupled in fixed relation” indicates that there is little to no relative movement between the components that are fixedly coupled. In an example, as the moveable platform  124  moves in the X and/or Y direction(s), the bottom sheet  140  also moves in the X and/or Y direction(s) because they are fixedly coupled. But, note that although there is a connection between the magnet holder  132  and the moveable platform  124  via the upper flexure, the magnet holder remains stationary as the moveable platforms moves in the X and/or Y directions. Such a relationship may be described as moveably coupled (e.g., the moveable platform is moveably coupled to the magnet holder), as used herein. 
     In some examples, the bottom sheet  140  may be attached to the substrate  128 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  1   . The suspension wire  142  may extend from the top sheet  138  to the bottom sheet  140 . For instance, the suspension wire  142  may have a top end portion that is attached to the top sheet  138 , and a bottom end portion that is attached to the bottom sheet  140 . In some embodiments, the top sheet  138  may define a first plane that is parallel to the image sensor  104 . Additionally, or alternatively, the bottom sheet  140  may define a second plane that is parallel to the first plane and/or the image sensor  104 . In some instances, the suspension wire  142  may extend from the top sheet  138  to the bottom sheet bottom sheet  140  in a direction that is orthogonal to a plane of the image sensor  104 . 
     According to various embodiments, the top sheet  138  may also form one or more flexures for the AF VCM actuator  116 . For example an inner portion of the top sheet  138  may be mechanically connected to the lens carrier  112  such that the top sheet  138  restricts motion of the lens carrier  112  in the X and Y directions, but flexes to allow motion of the lens carrier  112  in the Z-direction. In addition, a top sheet, such as top sheet  138 , may include flexible corner tabs that connect to suspension wires, wherein the flexible corner tabs allow for shocks (for example due to dropping) to be absorbed in part by the top sheet  138  to reduce stresses on the suspension wires  142 . For example, top sheet  138  is illustrated with a first portion  115  near the attachment point for supporting the suspension wire  142 . Various shapes and arrangements of the sheet may be formed to impart functionality, such as the tab  117  illustrated proximate to first portion  115 , that acts as a spring/and or damper, in the illustrated embodiment. In embodiments, a damping gel may be added to this area of the sheet to dampen vibrations (e.g., on tab  117  or between tab  117  and first portion  115 ). 
     In the illustrated example, a first portion  115  of the top sheet  138  extends beyond the supporting magnet holder  132  to form a support for suspension wire  142 . An intermediate portion of the top sheet  138  is illustrated as attached to the fixed structure (e.g., attached to the magnet holder  132 , although the intermediate portion may be attached to some other fixed portion of the camera, such as the can  146 , for example), and a second portion  113  of the top sheet  138  may be attached to the lens carrier  112 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  2   . In such examples, the second portion of the top sheet  138  that is attached to the lens carrier  112  may function to suspend the lens carrier  112 , the lens barrel  110 , and/or the one or more lenses  102  from the magnet holder  132  in some embodiments. While the intermediate portion of the top sheet may remain fixed to the magnet holder  132 , the second portion of the top sheet  138  may be configured (e.g., may be flexible) to allow the lens carrier  112  to move along the optical axis, e.g., when the AF VCM actuator  116  is actuated to provide AF movement of the lens carrier  112 . 
     In some embodiments, the lower flexure  136  may include one or more flexure arms  144 . The flexure arms  144  may be configured to connect the moveable platform  124  to the stationary platform  126 . In some embodiments, lower flexure  136  may include components of both the moveable platform  124  as well as the stationary platform  126 . Embodiments of the lower flexure  136  are discussed in further detail below with reference to  FIGS.  3 - 5   . For example,  FIG.  5    illustrates a top view of lower flexure  500 . 
       FIG.  3    illustrates an exploded perspective view of an example camera  300  having a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator to move the image sensor along one or more axis, in accordance with some embodiments. Furthermore,  FIG.  3    shows an example lower flexure of a flexure arrangement of the camera  300 , in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the camera  300  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS.  1 ,  2 , and  4 - 8   . 
     In various embodiments, the camera  300  may include one or more lenses  302 , a shield can  304 , a magnet holder  306 , one or more magnets  308 , a lens carrier  310 , one or more AF coils  312 , a base  314 , one or more OIS coils  316 , an OIS flexible printed circuit (FPC)  318  (e.g., similar in functionality to substrate  128  in  FIG.  1   ), an image sensor  320 , a lower flexure  322  (e.g., similar in functionality to the flexure arms  144  and lower flexure  136  of the flexure arrangement  108  of  FIGS.  1  and  2   ), and/or electrical traces  324 .  FIG.  3    illustrates a particular arrangement of lower flexure  322  that performs functionality similar to that of the lower flexure  136  illustrated in  FIG.  1   . Additionally,  FIG.  3    illustrates a top sheet  326 , similar to top sheet  138  illustrated in  FIGS.  1  and  2   . Note that top sheet  326  is illustrated as a flat sheet in  FIG.  3    for ease of illustration, but may include flex tabs, and other features of the top sheet  138  illustrated in  FIGS.  1  and  2   . Also,  FIG.  3    illustrates suspension wires  328 , which may be similar to suspension wires  142  illustrated in  FIGS.  1  and  2   . In some embodiments, OIS coils  316  image sensor  320  and OIS flexible printed circuit board  328  may be mounted to a bottom sheet, such as bottom sheet  140  (not illustrated in  FIG.  3   ). In some embodiments, suspension wires  328  may connect at a top side of the suspension wires to top sheet  138  and at bottom side of the suspension wires to a bottom sheet connected to OIS FPC  318  and OIS coils  316 . The suspension wires may suspend the OIS flexible printed circuit (FPC)  318 , OIS coils  316 , and image sensor  320  from the top sheet  326  via the suspension wires  328 . 
     In some embodiments, the shield can  304  may be mechanically attached to the OIS base  314 . The camera  300  may include an AF VCM actuator (e.g., AF VCM actuator  116  discussed above with reference to  FIGS.  1  and  2   ) and/or an OIS VCM actuator (e.g., OIS VCM actuator  114  discussed above with reference to  FIGS.  1  and  2   ). 
     In some embodiments, a portion of the lower flexure  322  may be connected to a bottom surface of the base  314 . In some examples, the base  314  may define one or more recesses and/or openings having multiple different cross-sections. For instance, a lower portion of the base  314  may define a recess and/or an opening with a cross-section sized to receive the lower flexure  322 . An upper portion of the base  314  may define a recess and/or an opening with a cross-section sized to receive the OIS FPC  318 . The upper portion of the base  314  may have an inner profile corresponding to the outer profile of the OIS FPC  318 . This may help to maximize the amount of material included in the base  314  (e.g., for providing structural rigidity to the base  314 ) while still providing at least a minimum spacing between the OIS FPC  318  and the base  314 . 
     In some non-limiting examples, the OIS FPC  318  and the image sensor  320  may be separately attached to the lower flexure  322 . For instance, a first set of one or more electrical traces may be routed between the OIS FPC  318  and the lower flexure  322 . A second, different set of one or more electrical traces may be routed between the image sensor  320  and the lower flexure  322 . In other embodiments, the image sensor  320  may be attached to or otherwise integrated into the OIS FPC  318 , such that the image sensor  320  is connected to the lower flexure  322  via the OIS FPC  318 . 
       FIG.  4    is a schematic diagram illustrating example stiffness components  400  of the example flexure arrangement  108  of  FIG.  1   , in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the stiffness components  400  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 3  and  5 - 8   . 
     The particular configuration of the flexures described above in regard to  FIGS.  1 - 3    facilitates movement for OIS in the X and Y directions, while maintaining relatively fixed positioning in the Z direction (e.g., providing a relatively fixed platform in the Z direction, such that the autofocus is relatively unaffected by the OIS mechanism and moveable platform  124 , in embodiments). For instance, upper flexure  134  offloads the weight of the vertical suspension (the Z-direction) from the lower flexure  136 , without adding significant X/Y stiffness to the moveable platform  124 . In some examples, the upper flexure  134  may provide higher stiffness (e.g., an order of magnitude higher stiffness or more) in the Z-direction compared to its stiffness in the X and Y directions. For instance, the upper flexure  134  may have a stiffness component in the Z direction that is represented by spring stiffness  402 . The upper flexure  134  may have a stiffness component in the X (and/or Y) direction that is represented by spring stiffness  404 . The lower flexure  136  may have a stiffness component in the Z direction that is represented by spring stiffness  406 . Furthermore, the lower flexure  136  may have a stiffness component in the X (and/or Y) direction that is represented by spring stiffness  408 . Note that spring stiffness  402 ,  404 ,  406 , and  408  are representative of spring coefficients of upper flexure  134  and lower flexure  136  in the X and Z directions and do not necessarily represent actual springs included in flexure arrangement  108 . 
     In some non-limiting embodiments, the Z stiffness provided by the lower flexure  136  may be substantially lower than the X and/or Y stiffness provided by the lower flexure  136 . In a non-limiting example, spring stiffness  406  may be X N/m, and spring stiffness  408  may be about 3X N/m. Additionally, or alternatively, the Z stiffness provided by the upper flexure  134  may be substantially higher than the X and/or Y stiffness provided by the upper flexure  136 . In a non-limiting example, spring stiffness  402  may be about 70X N/m, and spring stiffness  404  may be about 3X N/m. In some embodiments, the high Z stiffness provided by the upper flexure  134  may allow for the lower flexure  136  to have a low aspect ratio, which may make the lower flexure easier to manufacture than some other flexures that have a higher aspect ratio. For example, a thickness of the lower flexure  136  may be reduced because the lower flexure  136  does not have to support the full weight of the moveable platform  124  because a significant portion of this weight is supported by the suspension wires  142  of the upper flexure arrangement  108 . As a non-limiting example, the flexure arms  144  of the lower flexure  136  may have an aspect ratio of about 1.5 to 1. 
       FIG.  5    illustrates a top view of an example lower flexure  500  of a flexure arrangement that may be used in a camera having image sensor shifting capabilities, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the lower flexure  500  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 4  and  6 - 8   . For example, a lower flexure  136  as illustrated in  FIGS.  1 - 2    and a lower flexure  322  as illustrated in  FIG.  3    may have a similar configuration as lower flexure  500  illustrated in  FIG.  5   . 
     In some embodiments, the lower flexure  500  may be part of a flexure arrangement used in a camera. For instance, the flexure arrangement may also include an upper flexure in some embodiments. The lower flexure  500  may include a moveable platform  502  and a stationary platform  504 . 
     In various examples, the lower flexure  500  may include one or more flexure arms  506 . The flexure arms  506  may be configured to mechanically connect the moveable platform  502  to the stationary platform  504 . The flexure arms may be configured to provide stiffness (e.g., in-plane flexure stiffness) to the OIS VCM actuator while allowing the moveable platform  502  (and an image sensor fixed relative to the moveable platform  502 ) to move along a plane that is orthogonal to an optical axis defined by one or more lenses of the camera. In this manner, the image sensor may be shifted along the plane that is orthogonal to the optical axis to provide OIS movement. Furthermore, one or multiple flexure arms  506  may include electrical traces configured to convey signals (e.g., image signals generated by the image sensor fixed relative to the moveable platform  502 ) from the moveable platform  502  to the stationary platform  504 . 
     In various embodiments, the lower flexure  500  may include one or more flexure stabilizer members  508 . The flexure stabilizer members  508  may be configured to mechanically connect flexure arms  506  to each other such that the flexure stabilizer members  507  prevent interference between the flexure arms  506  that are connected by the flexure stabilizer members  508 . For instance, the flexure stabilizer members  508  may be configured to prevent the flexure arms  506  from colliding and/or entangling with one another, e.g., in drop events, vibration events, etc. Additionally, or alternatively, the flexure stabilizer members  508  may be configured to limit motion of, and/or stabilize relative motion between, the flexure arms  506  that are connected by the flexure stabilizer members  508 . Furthermore, the flexure stabilizer members  507  may be arranged along various portions of the flexure arms  506  to provide in-plane stiffness as needed in the lower flexure  500 , e.g., to satisfy OIS design requirements. 
     In some embodiments, the flexure arms  506  may be arranged in one or more flexure arm groups  510 , or arrays, that individually include multiple flexure arms  506 . For instance, as depicted in  FIG.  5   , the lower flexure  500  may include a first flexure arm group  510   a , a second flexure arm group  510   b , a third flexure arm group  810   c , and a fourth flexure arm group  510   d . In some examples, the flexure arms  506  of a flexure arm group  510  may be parallel to each other along a plane that is orthogonal to the optical axis. In some cases, the flexure arms  506  of one flexure arm group  510  (e.g., the first flexure arm group  510   a ) may not be parallel to the flexure arms  506  of another flexure arm group (e.g., the second flexure arm group  510   b ). In some cases, one or more of the flexure arm group  510  may include one or more flexure stabilizer members  508 . For instance, each of the flexure arm groups  510  may include one or more flexure stabilizer members  508 . Furthermore, one or more of the flexure arm groups  510  may include one or more bend (or “turn”) portions. In some cases, at least one of the flexure arm groups  510  may include a flexure stabilizer member  508  disposed at a bend portion. For example, in  FIG.  5   , each of the flexure arm groups  510  bend at three respective bend portions, and a respective flexure stabilizer member  508  connects the flexure arms  506  of respective flexure arm groups  510  at one respective bend portion of the three respective bend portions. 
     In some examples, the moveable platform  502  and/or the stationary platform  504  may include one or more offsets  512  (e.g., a recess, an extension, etc.). In some cases, one or more flexure arms  506  may connect to the moveable platform  502  and/or the stationary platform  504  at an offset  512 . For instance, as illustrated in  FIG.  5   , the moveable platform  502  may include two recess offsets  512  at opposing sides of the moveable platform  502 . However, in some embodiments, the moveable platform  502  and/or the stationary platform  504  may include a different offset configuration. 
       FIG.  6    illustrates a block diagram of an example portable multifunction device  600  that may include a camera with image sensor shifting capabilities and/or that may include a flexure arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the portable multifunction device  600  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 5 ,  7 , and  8   . 
     Camera(s)  664  is sometimes called an “optical sensor” for convenience, and may also be known as or called an optical sensor system. Device  600  may include memory  602  (which may include one or more computer readable storage mediums), memory controller  622 , one or more processing units (CPUs)  620 , peripherals interface  618 , RF circuitry  608 , audio circuitry  610 , speaker  611 , touch-sensitive display system  612 , microphone  613 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  606 , other input or control devices  616 , and external port  624 . Device  600  may include one or more optical sensors  664 . These components may communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  603 . 
     It should be appreciated that device  600  is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device  600  may have more or fewer components than shown, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG.  6    may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  602  may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  602  by other components of device  600 , such as CPU  620  and the peripherals interface  618 , may be controlled by memory controller  622 . 
     Peripherals interface  618  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU  620  and memory  602 . The one or more processors  620  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  602  to perform various functions for device  600  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, peripherals interface  618 , CPU  620 , and memory controller  622  may be implemented on a single chip, such as chip  604 . In some other embodiments, they may be implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  608  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  608  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  608  may include well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  608  may communicate with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication may use any of a variety of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  610 , speaker  611 , and microphone  613  provide an audio interface between a user and device  600 . Audio circuitry  610  receives audio data from peripherals interface  618 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  611 . Speaker  611  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  610  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  613  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  610  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  618  for processing. Audio data may be retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  602  and/or RF circuitry  608  by peripherals interface  618 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  610  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  712 ,  FIG.  7   ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  610  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  606  couples input/output peripherals on device  600 , such as touch screen  612  and other input control devices  616 , to peripherals interface  618 . I/O subsystem  606  may include display controller  656  and one or more input controllers  660  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  660  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  616 . The other input control devices  616  may include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  660  may be coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  708 ,  FIG.  7   ) may include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  611  and/or microphone  613 . The one or more buttons may include a push button (e.g.,  706 ,  FIG.  7   ). 
     Touch-sensitive display  612  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller  656  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen  612 . Touch screen  612  displays visual output to the user. The visual output may include graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output may correspond to user-interface objects. 
     Touch screen  612  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen  612  and display controller  656  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  602 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen  612  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on touch screen  612 . In an example embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen  612  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     Touch screen  612  may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies may be used in other embodiments. Touch screen  612  and display controller  656  may detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a variety of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen  612 . In an example embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used. 
     Touch screen  612  may have a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user may make contact with touch screen  612  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  600  may include a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen  612  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  600  also includes power system  662  for powering the various components. Power system  662  may include a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     Device  600  may also include one or more optical sensors or cameras  664 .  FIG.  6    shows an optical sensor  664  coupled to optical sensor controller  658  in I/O subsystem  606 . Optical sensor  664  may include charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor  664  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  643  (also called a camera module), optical sensor  664  may capture still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor  664  is located on the back of device  600 , opposite touch screen display  612  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display  612  may be used as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image may be obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. 
     Device  600  may also include one or more proximity sensors  666 .  FIG.  6    shows proximity sensor  666  coupled to peripherals interface  618 . Alternately, proximity sensor  666  may be coupled to input controller  660  in I/O subsystem  606 . In some embodiments, the proximity sensor  666  turns off and disables touch screen  612  when the multifunction device  600  is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  600  includes one or more orientation sensors  668 . In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  668  include one or more accelerometers (e.g., one or more linear accelerometers and/or one or more rotational accelerometers). In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  668  include one or more gyroscopes. In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  668  include one or more magnetometers. In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  668  include one or more of global positioning system (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), and/or other global navigation system receivers. The GPS, GLONASS, and/or other global navigation system receivers may be used for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  600 . In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  668  include any combination of orientation/rotation sensors.  FIG.  6    shows the one or more orientation sensors  668  coupled to peripherals interface  618 . Alternately, the one or more orientation sensors  668  may be coupled to an input controller  660  in I/O subsystem  606 . In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display  612  in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more orientation sensors  668 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  602  include operating system  626 , communication module (or set of instructions)  628 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  630 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  632 , text input module (or set of instructions)  634 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  635 , arbiter module  658  and applications (or sets of instructions)  636 . Furthermore, in some embodiments memory  602  stores device/global internal state  657 . Device/global internal state  657  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display  612 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and input control devices  616 ; and location information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  626  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  628  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  624  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  608  and/or external port  624 . External port  624  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector. 
     Contact/motion module  630  may detect contact with touch screen  612  (in conjunction with display controller  656 ) and other touch sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  630  and display controller  656  detect contact on a touchpad. Contact/motion module  630  may detect a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns. Graphics module  632  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen  612  or other display, including components for changing the intensity of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. Text input module  634 , which may be a component of graphics module  632 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts, e-mail, and any other application that needs text input). GPS module  635  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications  636  (e.g., to a camera application as picture/video metadata). 
     Applications  636  may include one or more modules (e.g., a contacts module, an email client module, a camera module for still and/or video images, etc.) Examples of other applications  636  that may be stored in memory  602  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. Each of the modules and applications correspond to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  602  may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  602  may store additional modules and data structures not described above. 
       FIG.  7    depicts an example portable multifunction device  600  that may include a camera with image sensor shifting capabilities and/or that may include a flexure arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the portable multifunction device  600  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 6  and  8   . 
     The device  600  may have a touch screen  612 . The touch screen  612  may display one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  700 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user may select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  702  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  703  (not drawn to scale in the figure). 
     Device  600  may also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  704 . As described previously, menu button  704  may be used to navigate to any application  636  in a set of applications that may be executed on device  600 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button  704  is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen  612 . 
     In one embodiment, device  600  includes touch screen  612 , menu button  704 , push button  706  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  708 , Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  710 , head set jack  712 , and docking/charging external port  624 . Push button  706  may be used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device  600  also may accept verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  613 . 
     It should be noted that, although many of the examples herein are given with reference to optical sensor(s)/camera(s)  664  (on the front of a device), one or more rear-facing cameras or optical sensors that are pointed opposite from the display may be used instead of, or in addition to, an optical sensor(s)/camera(s)  664  on the front of a device. 
       FIG.  8    illustrates an example computer system  800  that may include a camera with image sensor shifting capabilities and/or that may include a flexure arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system  800  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 7   . 
     The computer system  800  may be configured to execute any or all of the embodiments described above. In different embodiments, computer system  800  may be any of various types of devices, including, but not limited to, a personal computer system, desktop computer, laptop, notebook, tablet, slate, pad, or netbook computer, mainframe computer system, handheld computer, workstation, network computer, a camera, a set top box, a mobile device, a consumer device, video game console, handheld video game device, application server, storage device, a television, a video recording device, a peripheral device such as a switch, modem, router, or in general any type of computing or electronic device. 
     Various embodiments of a camera motion control system as described herein, including embodiments of magnetic position sensing, as described herein may be executed in one or more computer systems  800 , which may interact with various other devices. Note that any component, action, or functionality described above with respect to  FIGS.  1 - 7    may be implemented on one or more computers configured as computer system  800  of  FIG.  8   , according to various embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, computer system  800  includes one or more processors  810  coupled to a system memory  820  via an input/output (I/O) interface  830 . Computer system  800  further includes a network interface  840  coupled to I/O interface  830 , and one or more input/output devices  850 , such as cursor control device  860 , keyboard  870 , and display(s)  880 . In some cases, it is contemplated that embodiments may be implemented using a single instance of computer system  800 , while in other embodiments multiple such systems, or multiple nodes making up computer system  800 , may be configured to host different portions or instances of embodiments. For example, in one embodiment some elements may be implemented via one or more nodes of computer system  800  that are distinct from those nodes implementing other elements. 
     In various embodiments, computer system  800  may be a uniprocessor system including one processor  810 , or a multiprocessor system including several processors  810  (e.g., two, four, eight, or another suitable number). Processors  810  may be any suitable processor capable of executing instructions. For example, in various embodiments processors  810  may be general-purpose or embedded processors implementing any of a variety of instruction set architectures (ISAs), such as the x86, PowerPC, SPARC, or MIPS ISAs, or any other suitable ISA. In multiprocessor systems, each of processors  810  may commonly, but not necessarily, implement the same ISA. 
     System memory  820  may be configured to store camera control program instructions  822  and/or camera control data accessible by processor  810 . In various embodiments, system memory  820  may be implemented using any suitable memory technology, such as static random access memory (SRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), nonvolatile/Flash-type memory, or any other type of memory. In the illustrated embodiment, program instructions  822  may be configured to implement a lens control application  824  incorporating any of the functionality described above. Additionally, existing camera control data  832  of memory  820  may include any of the information or data structures described above. In some embodiments, program instructions and/or data may be received, sent or stored upon different types of computer-accessible media or on similar media separate from system memory  820  or computer system  800 . While computer system  800  is described as implementing the functionality of functional blocks of previous Figures, any of the functionality described herein may be implemented via such a computer system. 
     In one embodiment, I/O interface  830  may be configured to coordinate I/O traffic between processor  810 , system memory  820 , and any peripheral devices in the device, including network interface  840  or other peripheral interfaces, such as input/output devices  850 . In some embodiments, I/O interface  830  may perform any necessary protocol, timing or other data transformations to convert data signals from one component (e.g., system memory  820 ) into a format suitable for use by another component (e.g., processor  810 ). In some embodiments, I/O interface  830  may include support for devices attached through various types of peripheral buses, such as a variant of the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus standard or the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard, for example. In some embodiments, the function of I/O interface  830  may be split into two or more separate components, such as a north bridge and a south bridge, for example. Also, in some embodiments some or all of the functionality of I/O interface  830 , such as an interface to system memory  820 , may be incorporated directly into processor  810 . 
     Network interface  840  may be configured to allow data to be exchanged between computer system  800  and other devices attached to a network  885  (e.g., carrier or agent devices) or between nodes of computer system  800 . Network  885  may in various embodiments include one or more networks including but not limited to Local Area Networks (LANs) (e.g., an Ethernet or corporate network), Wide Area Networks (WANs) (e.g., the Internet), wireless data networks, some other electronic data network, or some combination thereof. In various embodiments, network interface  840  may support communication via wired or wireless general data networks, such as any suitable type of Ethernet network, for example; via telecommunications/telephony networks such as analog voice networks or digital fiber communications networks; via storage area networks such as Fibre Channel SANs, or via any other suitable type of network and/or protocol. 
     Input/output devices  850  may, in some embodiments, include one or more display terminals, keyboards, keypads, touchpads, scanning devices, voice or optical recognition devices, or any other devices suitable for entering or accessing data by one or more computer systems  800 . Multiple input/output devices  850  may be present in computer system  800  or may be distributed on various nodes of computer system  800 . In some embodiments, similar input/output devices may be separate from computer system  800  and may interact with one or more nodes of computer system  800  through a wired or wireless connection, such as over network interface  840 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  8   , memory  820  may include program instructions  822 , which may be processor-executable to implement any element or action described above. In one embodiment, the program instructions may implement the methods described above. In other embodiments, different elements and data may be included. Note that data may include any data or information described above. 
     Those skilled in the art will appreciate that computer system  800  is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of embodiments. In particular, the computer system and devices may include any combination of hardware or software that can perform the indicated functions, including computers, network devices, Internet appliances, PDAs, wireless phones, pagers, etc. Computer system  800  may also be connected to other devices that are not illustrated, or instead may operate as a stand-alone system. In addition, the functionality provided by the illustrated components may in some embodiments be combined in fewer components or distributed in additional components. Similarly, in some embodiments, the functionality of some of the illustrated components may not be provided and/or other additional functionality may be available. 
     Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, while various items are illustrated as being stored in memory or on storage while being used, these items or portions of them may be transferred between memory and other storage devices for purposes of memory management and data integrity. Alternatively, in other embodiments some or all of the software components may execute in memory on another device and communicate with the illustrated computer system via inter-computer communication. Some or all of the system components or data structures may also be stored (e.g., as instructions or structured data) on a computer-accessible medium or a portable article to be read by an appropriate drive, various examples of which are described above. In some embodiments, instructions stored on a computer-accessible medium separate from computer system  800  may be transmitted to computer system  800  via transmission media or signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication medium such as a network and/or a wireless link. Various embodiments may further include receiving, sending or storing instructions and/or data implemented in accordance with the foregoing description upon a computer-accessible medium. Generally speaking, a computer-accessible medium may include a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium or memory medium such as magnetic or optical media, e.g., disk or DVD/CD-ROM, volatile or non-volatile media such as RAM (e.g. SDRAM, DDR, RDRAM, SRAM, etc.), ROM, etc. In some embodiments, a computer-accessible medium may include transmission media or signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication medium such as network and/or a wireless link. 
     The methods described herein may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination thereof, in different embodiments. In addition, the order of the blocks of the methods may be changed, and various elements may be added, reordered, combined, omitted, modified, etc. Various modifications and changes may be made as would be obvious to a person skilled in the art having the benefit of this disclosure. The various embodiments described herein are meant to be illustrative and not limiting. Many variations, modifications, additions, and improvements are possible. Accordingly, plural instances may be provided for components described herein as a single instance. Boundaries between various components, operations and data stores are somewhat arbitrary, and particular operations are illustrated in the context of specific illustrative configurations. Other allocations of functionality are envisioned and may fall within the scope of claims that follow. Finally, structures and functionality presented as discrete components in the example configurations may be implemented as a combined structure or component. These and other variations, modifications, additions, and improvements may fall within the scope of embodiments as defined in the claims that follow.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20210910
Publication Date: 20231128
Grant Date: 20231128
Priority Date: 20180914
Inventors: SHARMA, SHASHANK
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04N23/687", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/646", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B3/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B30/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H02K41/0354", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H02P25/034", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/54", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/57", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/6812", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0007", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0053", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H02K2201/18", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/118", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/189", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H02P25/034", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/687", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/646", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0007", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B3/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0053", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B30/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/54", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/6812", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/687", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/646", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B3/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H02K41/0354", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H02P25/034", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0053", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0007", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/118", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/189", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H02K2201/18", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B30/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/54", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/57", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/6812", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 77665896