PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10503388-B2
Application Number: US-201615049049-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Crown input for a wearable electronic device

Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to manipulating a user interface on a wearable electronic device using a mechanical crown. In some examples, the user interface can be scrolled or scaled in response to a rotation of the crown. The direction of the scrolling or scaling and the amount of scrolling or scaling can depend on the direction and amount of rotation of the crown, respectively. In some examples, the amount of scrolling or scaling can be proportional to the change in rotation angle of the crown. In other examples, a speed of scrolling or a speed of scaling can depend on a speed of angular rotation of the crown. In these examples, a greater speed of rotation can cause a greater speed of scrolling or scaling to be performed on the displayed view.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions for:
 at an electronic device with a housing, a touch-sensitive display, and a physical crown that has a fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing:
 receiving crown position information associated with the physical crown of the electronic device including a rotational position of the physical crown; 
 determining whether a rotation of the physical crown about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing has occurred based on the received rotational position of the physical crown; 
 in response to determining that the rotation of the physical crown has occurred about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing, causing at least a portion of a first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled in a first direction parallel to the fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing; 
 determining whether the rotation of the physical crown about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing has stopped based on the received rotational position of the physical crown; and 
 in response to determining that the rotation of the physical crown has stopped, causing at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled in a second direction opposite the first direction parallel to the fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein the first data comprises all applications stored on the electronic device. 
     
     
       3. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein the first data comprises all open applications on the electronic device. 
     
     
       4. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein the first data comprises a user-generated set of applications on the electronic device. 
     
     
       5. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein the electronic device comprises a watch. 
     
     
       6. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein determining whether the rotation of the physical crown has occurred based on the received crown position information comprises determining an amount of rotation of the physical crown of the electronic device, and wherein causing at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled comprises causing the touch-sensitive display to scroll through the at least the portion of the first data by a distance that is proportional to the amount of rotation of the physical crown. 
     
     
       7. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein determining whether the rotation of the physical crown has occurred based on the received crown position information comprises determining a speed and a direction of rotation of the physical crown of the electronic device, and wherein causing at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled comprises causing the touch-sensitive display to scroll through the at least the portion of the first data by a distance that is based on the speed and direction of rotation of the physical crown. 
     
     
       8. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein the crown position information comprises a change in rotational position of the physical crown over a length of time. 
     
     
       9. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein the physical crown is a mechanical crown. 
     
     
       10. A computer-implemented method comprising:
 at an electronic device with a housing, a touch-sensitive display, and a physical crown that has a fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing:
 receiving crown position information associated with the physical crown of the electronic device including a rotational position of the physical crown; 
 determining whether a rotation of the physical crown about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing has occurred based on the received rotational position of the physical crown; 
 in response to determining that the rotation of the physical crown has occurred about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing, causing at least a portion of a first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled in a first direction parallel to the fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing; 
 determining whether the rotation of the physical crown about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing has stopped based on the received rotational position of the physical crown; and 
 in response to determining that the rotation of the physical crown has stopped, causing at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled in a second direction opposite the first direction parallel to the fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing. 
 
 
     
     
       11. The method of  claim 10 , wherein the first data comprises all applications stored on the electronic device. 
     
     
       12. The method of  claim 10 , wherein the first data comprises all open applications on the electronic device. 
     
     
       13. The method of  claim 10 , wherein the first data comprises a user-generated set of applications on the electronic device. 
     
     
       14. The method of  claim 10 , wherein the electronic device comprises a watch. 
     
     
       15. The method of  claim 10 , wherein determining whether the rotation of the physical crown has occurred based on the received crown position information comprises determining an amount of rotation of the physical crown of the electronic device, and wherein causing at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled comprises causing the touch-sensitive display to scroll through the at least the portion of the first data by a distance that is proportional to the amount of rotation of the physical crown. 
     
     
       16. The method of  claim 10 , wherein determining whether the rotation of the physical crown has occurred based on the received crown position information comprises determining a speed and a direction of rotation of the physical crown of the electronic device, and wherein causing at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled comprises causing the touch-sensitive display to scroll through the at least the portion of the first data by a distance that is based on the speed and direction of rotation of the physical crown. 
     
     
       17. The method of  claim 10 , wherein the crown position information comprises a change in rotational position of the physical crown over a length of time. 
     
     
       18. The method of  claim 10 , wherein the physical crown is a mechanical crown. 
     
     
       19. An electronic device comprising:
 a housing; 
 one or more processors; 
 a touch-sensitive display; 
 a physical crown that has a fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing operatively coupled to the one or more processors; and 
 the touch-sensitive display operatively coupled to the one or more processors, the one or more processors configured to:
 receive crown position information associated with the physical crown of the electronic device including a rotational position of the physical crown; 
 determine whether a rotation of the physical crown about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing has occurred based on the received rotational position of the physical crown; 
 in response to determining that the rotation of the physical crown has occurred about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing, cause at least a portion of a first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled in a first direction parallel to the fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing; 
 determine whether the rotation of the physical crown about the fixed axis relative to the touch-sensitive display and to the housing has stopped based on the received rotational position of the physical crown; and 
 in response to determining that the rotation of the physical crown has stopped, cause at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled in a second direction opposite the first direction parallel to the fixed axis about which the physical crown rotates relative to the touch-sensitive display and the housing. 
 
 
     
     
       20. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein the first data comprises all applications stored on the electronic device. 
     
     
       21. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein the first data comprises all open applications on the electronic device. 
     
     
       22. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein the first data comprises a user-generated set of applications on the electronic device. 
     
     
       23. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein the electronic device comprises a watch. 
     
     
       24. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein determining whether the rotation of the physical crown has occurred based on the received crown position information comprises determining an amount of rotation of the physical crown of the electronic device, and wherein causing at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled comprises causing the touch-sensitive display to scroll through the at least the portion of the first data by a distance that is proportional to the amount of rotation of the physical crown. 
     
     
       25. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein determining whether the rotation of the physical crown has occurred based on the received crown position information comprises determining a speed and a direction of rotation of the physical crown of the electronic device, and wherein causing at least the portion of the first data displayed on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device to be scrolled comprises causing the touch-sensitive display to scroll through the at least the portion of the first data by a distance that is based on the speed and direction of rotation of the physical crown. 
     
     
       26. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein the crown position information comprises a change in rotational position of the physical crown over a length of time. 
     
     
       27. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein the physical crown is a mechanical crown.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/913,345, filed Feb. 19, 2016, entitled “CROWN INPUT FOR A WEARABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE,” which is a national stage application of International Patent Application Serial Number PCT/US2014/053951, filed Sep. 3, 2014, entitled “CROWN INPUT FOR A WEARABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE”, which claims priority to: U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/873,356, filed Sep. 3, 2013, entitled “CROWN INPUT FOR A WEARABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE”; U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/873,359, filed Sep. 3, 2013, entitled “USER INTERFACE OBJECT MANIPULATIONS IN A USER INTERFACE”; U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/959,851, filed Sep. 3, 2013, entitled “USER INTERFACE FOR MANIPULATING USER INTERFACE OBJECTS”; U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/873,360, filed Sep. 3, 2013, entitled “USER INTERFACE FOR MANIPULATING USER INTERFACE OBJECTS WITH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES. International Patent Application Serial Number PCT/US2014/053951, filed Sep. 3, 2014, entitled “CROWN INPUT FOR WEARABLE A ELECTRONIC DEVICE,” is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. Non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/476,657, filed Sep. 3, 2014, entitled “USER INTERFACE FOR MANIPULATING USER INTERFACE OBJECTS WITH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES”. The content of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. 
     This application is related to International Patent Application Serial Number PCT/US2014/053961, filed Sep. 3, 2014, entitled “USER INTERFACE FOR MANIPULATING USER INTERFACE OBJECTS WITH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES”; International Patent Application Serial Number PCT/US2014/053957, filed Sep. 3, 2014, entitled “USER INTERFACE FOR MANIPULATING USER INTERFACE OBJECTS”; and International Patent Application Serial Number PCT/US2014/053958 filed Sep. 3, 2014, entitled “USER INTERFACE OBJECT MANIPULATIONS IN A USER INTERFACE”. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The following disclosure relates generally to wearable electronic devices and, more specifically, to interfaces for wearable electronic devices. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Advanced personal electronic devices can have small form factors. These personal electronic devices can include, but are not limited to, tablets and smart phones. Use of such personal electronic devices involves manipulation of user interface objects on display screens that also have small form factors to complement the design of the personal electronic devices. 
     Exemplary manipulations that users can perform on personal electronic devices can include navigating a hierarchy, selecting a user interface object, adjusting the position, size, and zoom of user interface objects, or otherwise manipulating the user interfaces. Exemplary user interface objects can include digital images, video, text, icons, maps, control elements, such as buttons, and other graphics. A user can perform such manipulations in image management software, video editing software, word processing software, software execution platforms, such as an operating system&#39;s desktop, website browsing software, and other environments. 
     Existing methods for manipulating user interface objects on reduced-size touch-sensitive displays can be inefficient. Further, existing methods generally provide less precision than is preferable. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present disclosure relates to manipulating a user interface on a wearable electronic device using a mechanical crown. In some examples, the user interface can be scrolled or scaled in response to a rotation of the crown. The direction of the scrolling or scaling and the amount of scrolling or scaling can depend on the direction and amount of rotation of the crown, respectively. In some examples, the amount of scrolling or scaling can be proportional to the change in rotation angle of the crown. In other examples, a velocity of scrolling or a velocity of scaling can depend on a velocity of angular rotation of the crown. In these examples, a greater velocity of rotation can cause a greater velocity of scrolling or scaling to be performed on the displayed view. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary wearable electronic device according to various examples. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary wearable electronic device according to various examples. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an exemplary process for scrolling through applications using a crown according to various examples. 
         FIGS. 4-8  illustrate screens showing the scrolling of applications using the process of  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 9  illustrates an exemplary process for scrolling a view of a display using a crown according to various examples. 
         FIGS. 10-14  illustrate screens showing the scrolling of a view of a display using the process of  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 15  illustrates an exemplary process for scaling a view of a display using a crown according to various examples. 
         FIGS. 16-20  illustrate screens showing the scaling of a view of a display using the process of  FIG. 15 . 
         FIG. 21  illustrates an exemplary process for scrolling a view of a display based on a angular velocity of rotation of a crown according to various examples. 
         FIGS. 22-40  illustrate screens showing the scrolling of a view of a display using the process of  FIG. 21 . 
         FIG. 41  illustrates an exemplary process for scaling a view of a display based on a angular velocity of rotation of a crown according to various examples. 
         FIGS. 42-44  illustrate screens showing the scaling of a view of a display using the process of  FIG. 41 . 
         FIG. 45  illustrates an exemplary computing system for modifying a user interface in response to a rotation of a crown according to various examples. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description of the disclosure and examples, reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which it is shown by way of illustration specific examples that can be practiced. It is to be understood that other examples can be practiced and structural changes can be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. 
     The present disclosure relates to manipulating a user interface on a wearable electronic device using a mechanical crown. In some examples, the user interface can be scrolled or scaled in response to a rotation of the crown. The direction of the scrolling or scaling and the amount of scrolling or scaling can depend on the direction and amount of rotation of the crown, respectively. In some examples, the amount of scrolling or scaling can be proportional to the change in rotation angle of the crown. In other examples, a velocity of scrolling or a velocity of scaling can depend on a velocity of angular rotation of the crown. In these examples, a greater velocity of rotation can cause a greater velocity of scrolling or scaling to be performed on the displayed view. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates exemplary personal electronic device  100 . In the illustrated example, device  100  is a watch that generally includes body  102  and strap  104  for affixing device  100  to the body of a user. That is, device  100  is wearable. Body  102  can be designed to couple with straps  104 . Device  100  can have touch-sensitive display screen (hereafter touchscreen)  106  and crown  108 . Device  100  can also have buttons  110 ,  112 , and  114 . 
     Conventionally, the term ‘crown,’ in the context of a watch, refers to the cap atop a stem for winding the watch. In the context of a personal electronic device, the crown can be a physical component of the electronic device, rather than a virtual crown on a touch sensitive display. Crown  108  can be mechanical meaning that it can be connected to a sensor for converting physical movement of the crown into electrical signals. Crown  108  can rotate in two directions of rotation (e.g., forward and backward). Crown  108  can also be pushed in towards the body of device  100  and/or be pulled away from device  100 . Crown  108  can be touch-sensitive, for example, using capacitive touch technologies that can detect whether a user is touching the crown. Moreover, crown  108  can further be rocked in one or more directions or translated along a track along an edge or at least partially around a perimeter of body  102 . In some examples, more than one crown  108  can be used. The visual appearance of crown  108  can, but need not, resemble crowns of conventional watches. Buttons  110 ,  112 , and  114 , if included, can each be a physical or a touch-sensitive button. That is, the buttons may be, for example, physical buttons or capacitive buttons. Further, body  102 , which can include a bezel, may have predetermined regions on the bezel that act as buttons. 
     Display  106  can include a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), light-emitting diode (LED) display, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, or the like, positioned partially or fully behind or in front of a touch sensor panel implemented using any desired touch sensing technology, such as mutual-capacitance touch sensing, self-capacitance touch sensing, resistive touch sensing, projection scan touch sensing, or the like. Display  106  can allow a user to perform various functions by touching over hovering near the touch sensor panel using one or more fingers or other object. 
     In some examples, device  100  can further include one or more pressure sensors (not shown) for detecting an amount of force or pressure applied to the display. The amount of force or pressure applied to display  106  can be used as an input to device  100  to perform any desired operation, such as making a selection, entering or exiting a menu, causing the display of additional options/actions, or the like. In some examples, different operations can be performed based on the amount of force or pressure being applied to display  106 . The one or more pressure sensors can further be used to determine a position that the force is being applied to display  106 . 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of some of the components of device  100 . As shown, crown  108  can be coupled to encoder  204 , which can be configured to monitor a physical state or change of physical state of crown  108  (e.g., the position of the crown), convert it to an electrical signal (e.g., convert it to an analog or digital signal representation of the position or change in position of crown  108 ), and provide the signal to processor  202 . For instance, in some examples, encoder  204  can be configured to sense the absolute rotational position (e.g., an angle between 0-360° of crown  108  and output an analog or digital representation of this position to processor  202 . Alternatively, in other examples, encoder  204  can be configured to sense a change in rotational position (e.g., a change in rotational angle) of crown  108  over some sampling period and to output an analog or digital representation of the sensed change to processor  202 . In these examples, the crown position information can further indicate a direction of rotation of the crown (e.g., a positive value can correspond to one direction and a negative value can correspond to the other). In yet other examples, encoder  204  can be configured to detect a rotation of crown  108  in any desired manner (e.g., velocity, acceleration, or the like) and can provide the crown rotational information to processor  202 . The rotational velocity can be expressed in numerous ways. For example, the rotational velocity can be expressed in a direction and a speed of rotation, such as hertz, as rotations per unit of time, as rotations per frame, as revolutions per unit of time, as revolutions per frame, as a change in angle per unit of time, and the like. In alternative examples, instead of providing information to processor  202 , this information can be provided to other components of device  100 . While the examples described herein refer to the use of rotational position of crown  108  to control scrolling or scaling of a view, it should be appreciated that any other physical state of crown  108  can be used. 
     In some examples, the physical state of the crown can control physical attributes of display  106 . For example, if crown  108  is in a particular position (e.g., rotated forward), display  106  can have limited z-axis traversal ability. In other words, the physical state of the crown can represent physical modal functionality of display  106 . In some examples, a temporal attribute of the physical state of crown  108  can be used as an input to device  100 . For example, a fast change in physical state can be interpreted differently than a slow change in physical state. 
     Processor  202  can be further coupled to receive input signals from buttons  110 ,  112 , and  114 , along with touch signals from touch-sensitive display  106 . Processor  202  can be configured to interpret these input signals and output appropriate display signals to cause an image to be produced by touch-sensitive display  106 . While a single processor  202  is shown, it should be appreciated that any number of processors or other computational devices can be used to perform the general functions discussed above. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates an exemplary process  300  for scrolling through a set of displayed applications using a crown according to various examples. In some examples, process  300  can be performed by a wearable electronic device similar to device  100 . In these examples, a visual representation (e.g., icons, graphical images, textual images, and the like) of one or more applications of a set of applications can be displayed on display  106  of device  100  and process  300  can be performed to visually scroll through the set of applications by sequentially displaying the applications in response to a turning of crown  108 . In some examples, the scrolling can be performed by translating the displayed contents along a fixed axis. 
     At block  302 , crown position information can be received. In some examples, the crown position information can include an analog or digital representation of the absolute position of the crown, such as an angle between 0-360°. In other examples, the crown position information can include an analog or digital representation of a change in rotational position of the crown, such as a change in rotational angle. For example, an encoder similar to encoder  204  can be coupled to a crown similar to crown  108  to monitor and measure its position. The encoder can convert the position of crown  108  into crown position information that can be transmitted to a processor similar to processor  202 . 
     At block  304 , it can be determined if a change in position has been detected. In some examples, where the crown position information includes an absolute position of the crown, determining whether a change in position has occurred can be performed by comparing the position of the crown at two different instances in time. For example, the processor (e.g., processor  202 ) can compare the most recent position of the crown (e.g., crown  108 ) as indicated by the crown position information to an earlier (e.g., immediately preceding) position of the crown as indicated by previously received crown position information. If the positions are the same or within a threshold value (e.g., a value corresponding to a tolerance of the encoder), it can be determined that no change in position has occurred. If, however, the positions are not the same or are different by at least the threshold value, it can be determined that a change in position has occurred. In other examples, where the crown position information includes a change in position over some length of time, determining whether a change in position has occurred can be performed by determining whether the absolute value of the change in position is equal to zero or is less than a threshold value (e.g., a value corresponding to a tolerance of the encoder). If the absolute value of the change in position is equal to zero or is less than the threshold value, it can be determined that no change in position has occurred. If, however, the absolute value of the change in position is greater than zero or the threshold value, it can be determined that a change in position has occurred. 
     If it is determined at block  304  that no change in position of the crown has been detected, the process can return to block  302  where new crown position information can be received. If, however, it is instead determined at block  304  that that a change in position of the crown has been detected, the process can proceed to block  306 . As described herein, a positive determination at block  304  can cause the process to proceed to block  306 , while a negative determination can cause the process to return to block  302 . However, it should be appreciated that the determination performed at block  304  can be reversed such that a positive determination can cause the process to return to block  302 , while a negative determination can cause the process to proceed to block  306 . For example, block  304  can alternatively determine if no change in position is detected. 
     At block  306 , at least a portion of a set of applications can be scrolled through based on the detected change in position. The set of applications can include any ordered or unordered set of applications. For example, the set of applications can include all applications stored on the wearable electronic device, all open applications on the wearable electronic device, a user-selected set of applications, or the like. Additionally, the applications can be ordered based on frequency of use, a user-defined ordering, relevance, or any other desired ordering. 
     In some examples, block  306  can include visually scrolling through the set of applications by sequentially displaying the applications in response to the detected change in position of the crown. For example, the display (e.g., display  106 ) can be displaying one or more applications of the set of applications. In response to detecting a change in position of the crown (e.g., crown  108 ), the currently displayed one or more applications can be translated off the display to make room for one or more other applications to be translated onto the display. In some examples, the one or more other applications being translated onto the display can be selected for display based on their relative ordering within the set of applications corresponding to the direction opposite the direction of translation. The direction of the translation can depend on the direction of the change in position of the crown. For example, turning the crown clockwise can cause a scrolling of the display in one direction, while turning the crown counter-clockwise can cause a scrolling of the display in a second (e.g., opposite) direction. Additionally, the distance or speed of scrolling can depend on the amount of detected change in the position of the crown. The distance of scrolling can refer to the on-screen distance that the content is scrolled. The speed of scrolling can refer to the distance that the content is scrolled over a length of time. In some examples, the distance or speed of the scrolling can be proportional to the amount of detected rotation. For instance, the amount of scroll corresponding to a half-turn of the crown can be equal to 50% of the amount of scroll corresponding to a full turn of the crown. In some examples where the set of applications includes an ordered list of applications, the scrolling can stop in response to reaching the end of the list. In other examples, the scrolling can continue by looping around to the opposite end of the list of applications. The process can then return to block  302  where new crown position information can be received. 
     It should be appreciated that the actual values used to linearly map the change in crown position to the distance or speed of scrolling can be varied depending on the desired functionality of the device. Moreover, it should be appreciated that other mappings between the scroll amount or speed and the change in the position of the crown can be used. For example, acceleration, velocity (described in greater detail below with respect to  FIGS. 21-44 ), or the like, can be used to determine the distance or speed of scrolling. Additionally, non-linear mappings between the crown characteristic (e.g., position, velocity, acceleration, etc.) and the scroll amount or scroll speed can be used. 
     To further illustrate the operation of process  300 ,  FIG. 4  depicts an example interface of device  100  having a visual representation (e.g., icons, graphical images, textual images, and the like) of application  406  and portions of the visual representations of applications  404  and  408 . Applications  404 ,  406 , and  408  can be part of a set of applications that includes any group of any number of ordered or unordered applications (e.g., all applications on device  100 , all open applications on device  100 , user favorites, or the like). At block  302  of process  300 , processor  202  of device  100  can receive crown position information from encoder  204 . Since crown  108  is not being rotated in  FIG. 4 , a negative determination can be made by processor  202  at block  304 , causing the process to return to block  302 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 5 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward direction as indicated by rotation direction  502 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  302  of process  300 . Thus, processor  202  can make a positive determination at block  304 , causing the process to proceed to block  306 . At block  306 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to scroll through at least a portion of the set of applications on device  100 . The scrolling can have a scroll direction  504  corresponding to the rotation direction  502  of crown  108  and a scroll amount or speed based on a characteristic (e.g., distance, velocity, acceleration, or the like) of the rotation of crown  108 . In the illustrated example, the scroll distance can be proportional to the amount of rotation of crown  108 . As shown, display  106  can scroll through the set of applications by causing the visual representations of the applications to translate in scroll direction  504 . As a result, application  408  has been completely removed from display  106 , a portion of application  406  has been removed from display  106 , and a greater portion of application  404  is displayed on display  106 . As the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  502 , processor  202  can continue to cause display  106  to scroll the view of the set of applications in scroll direction  504 , as shown in  FIG. 6 . In  FIG. 6 , application  406  is barely visible on the right side of display  106 , application  404  is centered within display  106 , and a newly displayed application  402  is displayed on the left side of display  106 . In this example, application  402  can be another application within the set of applications and can have an ordered position to the left or previous to application  404 . In some examples, if application  402  is the first application in the list of applications and the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  502 , processor  202  can limit the scrolling of display  106  to stop scrolling once application  402  is centered within the display. Alternatively, in other examples, processor  202  can continue the scrolling of display  106  by looping to the end of the set of applications to cause the last application (e.g., application  408 ) of the set of applications to be displayed to the left of application  402 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 7 , crown  108  is being rotated in the downward rotation direction  506 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  302  of process  300 . Thus, processor  202  can make a positive determination at block  304 , causing the process to proceed to block  306 . At block  306 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to scroll the view of applications in scroll direction  508  corresponding to rotation direction  506 . In this example, scroll direction  508  is in the opposite direction of scroll direction  504 . However, it should be appreciated that scroll direction  508  can be in any desired direction. Similar to the scrolling performed in response to rotation of crown  108  in rotation direction  502 , the scrolling performed in response to the rotation of crown  108  in rotation direction  506  can depend on a characteristic (e.g., distance, velocity, acceleration, or the like) of the rotation of crown  108 . In the illustrated example, the scroll distance can be proportional to the amount of rotation of crown  108 . As shown, display  106  can scroll through the set of applications by causing the visual representations of the applications to translate in scroll direction  508 . As a result, application  402  has been completely removed from display  106 , a portion of application  404  has been removed from display  106 , and a greater portion of application  406  is displayed on display  106 . As the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  506 , processor  202  can continue to cause display  106  to scroll the view of the set of applications in scroll direction  508 , as shown in  FIG. 8 . In  FIG. 8 , application  404  is barely visible on the left side of display  106 , application  406  is centered within display  106 , and application  408  is again displayed on the right side of display  106 . In some examples, if application  408  is the last application in the list of applications and the user were to continue to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  508 , processor  202  can limit the scrolling of display  106  to stop scrolling once application  408  is centered within the display. Alternatively, in other examples, processor  202  can continue the scrolling of display  106  by looping to the start of the set of applications to cause the first application (e.g., application  402 ) of the set of applications to be displayed to the right of application  408 . 
     While a specific scrolling example is provided, it should be appreciated that other displays of applications can similarly be scrolled using a mechanical crown of a wearable electronic device in a similar manner. Additionally, the distance or speed of scrolling can be configured to depend on any characteristic of the crown. 
       FIG. 9  illustrates an exemplary process  900  for scrolling a view of a display using a crown according to various examples. The view can include a visual representation of any type of data being displayed. For example, the view can include a display of a text, a media item, a webpage, a map, or the like. Process  900  can be similar to process  300 , except that it can be more generally applied to any type of content or view being displayed on the display of a device. In some examples, process  900  can be performed by a wearable electronic device similar to device  100 . In these examples, content or any other view can be displayed on display  106  of device  100  and process  900  can be performed to visually scroll the view in response to a turning of crown  108 . In some examples, the scrolling can be performed by translating the displayed contents along a fixed axis. 
     At block  902 , crown position information can be received in a manner similar or identical to that described above with respect to block  302 . For instance, the crown position information can be received by a processor (e.g., processor  202 ) from an encoder (e.g., encoder  204 ) and can include an analog or digital representation of the absolute position of the crown, a change in rotational position of the crown, or other positional information of the crown. 
     At block  904 , it can be determined if a change in position has been detected in a manner similar or identical to that described above with respect to block  304 . For instance, block  904  can include comparing the position of the crown at two different instances in time, or can include determining if an absolute value of a change in crown position is equal to zero or below a threshold value. If no change in position is detected, the process can return to block  902 . Alternatively, if a change in position is detected, the process can proceed to block  906 . As described herein, a positive determination at block  904  can cause the process to proceed to block  906 , while a negative determination can cause the process to return to block  902 . However, it should be appreciated that the determination performed at block  904  can be reversed such that a positive determination can cause the process to return to block  902 , while a negative determination can cause the process to proceed to block  906 . For example, block  904  can alternatively determine if no change in position is detected. 
     At block  906 , a view of a display can be scrolled based on the detected change in position. Similar to block  306  of process  300 , block  906  can include visually scrolling a view by translating the view of the display in response to the detected change in position of the crown. For example, the display (e.g., display  106 ) can be displaying a portion of some content. In response to detecting a change in position of the crown (e.g., crown  108 ), the currently displayed portion of the content can be translated off the display to make room for other portions of the content that were not previously displayed. The direction of the translation can depend on the direction of the change in position of the crown. For example, turning the crown clockwise can cause a scrolling of the display in one direction, while turning the crown counter-clockwise can cause a scrolling of the display in a second (e.g., opposite) direction. Additionally, the distance or speed of scrolling can depend on the amount of detected change in the position of the crown. In some examples, the distance or speed of the scrolling can be proportional to the amount of detected rotation. For instance, the amount of scroll corresponding to a half-turn of the crown can be equal to 50% of the amount of scroll corresponding to a full turn of the crown. The process can then return to block  902  where new crown position information can be received. 
     It should be appreciated that the actual values used to linearly map the change in crown position to the distance or speed of scrolling can be varied depending on the desired functionality of the device. Moreover, it should be appreciated that other mappings between the scroll amount and change in position can be used. For example, acceleration, velocity (described in greater detail below with respect to  FIGS. 21-44 ), or the like, can be used to determine the distance or speed of scrolling. Additionally, non-linear mappings between the crown characteristic (e.g., position, velocity, acceleration, etc.) and the scroll amount or scroll speed can be used. 
     To further illustrate the operation of process  900 ,  FIG. 10  depicts an example interface of device  100  having a visual representation of lines of text containing numbers  1 - 9 . At block  902  of process  900 , processor  202  of device  100  can receive crown position information from encoder  204 . Since crown  108  is not being rotated in  FIG. 10 , a negative determination can be made by processor  202  at block  904 , causing the process to return to block  902 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 11 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward rotation direction  1102 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  902  of process  900 . Thus, processor  202  can make a positive determination at block  904 , causing the process to proceed to block  906 . At block  906 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to scroll through the lines of text being displayed on display  106 . The scrolling can have a scroll direction  1104  corresponding to the rotation direction  1102  of crown  108  and a scroll amount or speed based on a characteristic (e.g., distance, velocity, acceleration, or the like) of the rotation of crown  108 . In the illustrated example, the scroll distance can be proportional to the amount of rotation of crown  108 . As shown, display  106  can scroll through the lines of text by causing the text to translate in scroll direction  1104 . As a result, a portion of line  1002  has been removed from display  106 , while a portion of line  1004  is newly displayed on the bottom of display  106 . The lines of text between lines  1002  and  1004  have similarly been translated in scroll direction  1104 . As the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  1102 , processor  202  can continue to cause display  106  to scroll the lines of text in scroll direction  1104 , as shown in  FIG. 12 . In  FIG. 12 , line  1002  is no longer visible within display  106  and line  1004  is now completely in view of display  106 . In some examples, if line  1004  is the last line of text and the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  1102 , processor  202  can limit the scrolling of display  106  to stop scrolling once line  1004  is fully displayed within display  106 . In other examples, processor  202  can continue the scrolling of display  106  by looping to the start of the lines of text to cause the first line of text (e.g., line  1002 ) to be displayed below line  1004 . In yet other examples, a rubberbanding effect can be performed by displaying a blank space below line  1004 , and snapping the lines of text back to align line  1004  with the bottom of display  106  in response to a stop in rotation of crown  108 . It should be appreciated that the action performed in response to reaching the end of content displayed within display  106  can be selected based on the type of data being displayed. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 13 , crown  108  is being rotated in the downward rotation direction  1106 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  902  of process  900 . Thus, processor  202  can make a positive determination at block  904 , causing the process to proceed to block  906 . At block  906 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to scroll the lines of text in scroll direction  1108  corresponding to rotation direction  1106 . In this example, scroll direction  1108  is in the opposite direction of scroll direction  1104 . However, it should be appreciated that scroll direction  1108  can be in any desired direction. Similar to the scrolling performed in response to rotation of crown  108  in rotation direction  1102 , the scrolling performed in response to the rotation of crown  108  in rotation direction  1106  can depend on a characteristic (e.g., distance, velocity, acceleration, or the like) of the rotation of crown  108 . In the illustrated example, the scroll distance can be proportional to the amount of rotation of crown  108 . As shown, display  106  can scroll through the lines of text by causing the lines of text to translate in scroll direction  1108 . As a result, a portion of line  1004  can be removed from display  106 , while a portion of line  1002  can again be displayed at the top of display  106 . As the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  1106 , processor  202  can continue to cause display  106  to scroll the lines of text in scroll direction  1108 , as shown in  FIG. 14 . As shown in  FIG. 14 , line  1004  has been translated off of display  106 , while line  1002  is now fully visible. In some examples, if line  1002  is the first line of text and the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  1106 , processor  202  can limit the scrolling of display  106  to stop scrolling once line  1002  is at the top of display  106 . In other examples, processor  202  can continue the scrolling of display  106  by looping to the end of the lines of text to cause the last line of text (e.g., line  1004 ) to be displayed above line  1002 . In yet other examples, a rubberbanding effect can be performed by displaying a blank space above line  1002 , and snapping the lines of text back to align line  1002  with the top of display  106  in response to a stop in rotation of crown  108 . It should be appreciated that the action performed in response to reaching the end of content displayed within display  106  can be selected based on the type of data being displayed. 
     While a specific scrolling example is provided, it should be appreciated that other types of data, such as media items, webpages, or the like, can similarly be scrolled using a mechanical crown of a wearable electronic device in a similar manner. Additionally, the distance or speed of scrolling can be configured to depend on any characteristic of the crown. 
       FIG. 15  illustrates an exemplary process  1500  for scaling a view (e.g., zooming in or out) of a display using a crown according to various examples. The view can include a visual representation of any type of data being displayed. For example, the view can include a display of a text, a media item, a webpage, a map, or the like. Process  1500  can be similar to processes  300  and  900 , except that instead of scrolling between applications or scrolling a view of a device, the view can be scaled positively or negatively in response to rotation of the crown. In some examples, process  1500  can be performed by a wearable electronic device similar to device  100 . In these examples, content or any other view can be displayed on display  106  of device  100  and process  1500  can be performed to visually scale the view in response to a turning of crown  108 . 
     At block  1502 , crown position information can be received in a manner similar or identical to that described above with respect to block  302  or  902 . For instance, the crown position information can be received by a processor (e.g., processor  202 ) from an encoder (e.g., encoder  204 ) and can include an analog or digital representation of the absolute position of the crown, a change in rotational position of the crown, or other positional information of the crown. 
     At block  1504 , it can be determined if a change in position has been detected in a manner similar or identical to that described above with respect to block  304  or  904 . For instance, block  1504  can include comparing the position of the crown at two different instances in time, or can include determining if an absolute value of a change in crown position is equal to zero or below a threshold value. If no change in position is detected, the process can return to block  1502 . Alternatively, if a change in position is detected, the process can proceed to block  1506 . As described herein, a positive determination at block  1504  can cause the process to proceed to block  1506 , while a negative determination can cause the process to return to block  1502 . However, it should be appreciated that the determination performed at block  1504  can be reversed such that a positive determination can cause the process to return to block  1502 , while a negative determination can cause the process to proceed to block  1506 . For example, block  1504  can alternatively determine if no change in position is detected. 
     At block  1506 , a view of a display can be scaled based on the detected change in position. Block  1506  can include visually scaling a view (e.g., zooming in/out) in response to the detected change in position of the crown. For example, the display (e.g., display  106 ) can be displaying a portion of some content. In response to detecting a change in position of the crown (e.g., crown  108 ), the view can be scaled by increasing or decreasing the size of the currently displayed portion of the content in the view depending on the direction of the change in position of the crown. For example, turning the crown clockwise can cause the contents within a view of the display to increase in size (e.g., zooming in), while turning the crown counter-clockwise can cause the contents within the view of the display to decrease in size (e.g., zooming out). Additionally, the amount or speed of scaling can depend on the amount of detected change in the position of the crown. In some examples, the amount or speed of the scaling can be proportional to the amount of detected rotation of the crown. For instance, the amount of scaling corresponding to a half-turn of the crown can be equal to 50% of the amount of scaling corresponding to a full turn of the crown. The process can then return to block  1502  where new crown position information can be received. 
     It should be appreciated that the actual values used to linearly map the change in crown position to the amount or speed of scaling can be varied depending on the desired functionality of the device. Moreover, it should be appreciated that other mappings between the scale amount and change in position can be used. For example, acceleration, velocity (described in greater detail below with respect to  FIGS. 21-44 ), or the like, can be used to determine the amount or speed of scaling. Additionally, non-linear mappings between the crown characteristic (e.g., position, velocity, acceleration, etc.) and the scale amount or scale speed can be used. 
     To further illustrate the operation of process  1500 ,  FIG. 16  depicts an example interface of device  100  showing a triangle  1602 . At block  1502  of process  1500 , processor  202  of device  100  can receive crown position information from encoder  204 . Since crown  108  is not being rotated in  FIG. 16 , a negative determination can be made by processor  202  at block  1504 , causing the process to return to block  1502 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 17 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward rotation direction  1702 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  1502  of process  1500 . Thus, processor  202  can make a positive determination at block  1504 , causing the process to proceed to block  1506 . At block  1506 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to scale the view being displayed on display  106 . The scaling can increase or decrease the size of the view depending on the rotation direction of crown  108  and can have a scale amount or speed based on a characteristic (e.g., distance, velocity, acceleration, or the like) of the rotation of crown  108 . In the illustrated example, the scale amount can be proportional to the amount of rotation of crown  108 . As shown, display  106  can scale the view containing triangle  1602  using a positive scaling factor. As a result, triangle  1602  in  FIG. 17  appears larger than that shown in  FIG. 16 . As the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  1702 , processor  202  can continue to cause display  106  to scaling the view containing the image of triangle  1602  using a positive scaling factor, as shown in  FIG. 18 . In  FIG. 18 , triangle  1602  appears larger than those shown in  FIGS. 16 and 17 . When the rotation of crown  108  stops, the scaling of the view containing triangle  1602  can similarly stop. In some examples, if the view of triangle  1602  has been scaled to its maximum amount and the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  1702 , processor  202  can limit the scaling of display  106 . In yet other examples, a rubberbanding effect can be performed by allowing the view containing triangle  1602  to increase in size to a rubberbanding limit that is greater than the maximum scaling amount for the view and then snapping the size of the view back to its maximum scaling amount in response to a stop in rotation of crown  108 . It should be appreciated that the action performed in response to reaching the scaling limit of display  106  can be configured in any desired manner. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 19 , crown  108  is being rotated in the downward rotation direction  1704 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  1502  of process  1500 . Thus, processor  202  can make a positive determination at block  1504 , causing the process to proceed to block  1506 . At block  1506 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to scale the view using a negative scaling factor corresponding to rotation direction  1704 . Similar to the scaling performed in response to rotation of crown  108  in rotation direction  1702 , the scaling performed in response to the rotation of crown  108  in rotation direction  1704  can depend on a characteristic (e.g., distance, velocity, acceleration, or the like) of the rotation of crown  108 . In the illustrated example, the scaling amount can be proportional to the amount of rotation of crown  108 . As shown, display  106  can scale the view containing the image of triangle  1602  using a negative scaling factor. As a result, triangle  1602  in  FIG. 19  is smaller than that shown in  FIG. 18 . As the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  1704 , processor  202  can continue to cause display  106  to scale the view of containing image of triangle  1602  using a negative scaling factor, as shown in  FIG. 20 . In  FIG. 20 , triangle  1602  is smaller than those shown in  FIGS. 18 and 19 . When the rotation of crown  108  stops, the scaling of the view containing triangle  1602  can similarly stop. In some examples, if the view containing triangle  1602  has been scaled to its minimum amount and the user continues to rotate crown  108  in rotation direction  1704 , processor  202  can limit the scaling of display  106 . In yet other examples, a rubberbanding effect can be performed by allowing the view containing triangle  1602  to decrease in size to a rubberbanding limit that is less than the minimum scaling amount for the view, and then snapping the size of the view back to its minimum scaling amount in response to a stop in rotation of crown  108 . It should be appreciated that the action performed in response to reaching the scaling limit of display  106  can be configured in any desired manner. 
     While a specific scaling example is provided, it should be appreciated that views of other types of data, such as media items, webpages, or the like, can similarly be scaled using a mechanical crown of a wearable electronic device in a similar manner. Additionally, the amount or speed of scaling can be configured to depend on any characteristic of the crown. Moreover, in some examples, when reaching a minimum or maximum scaling of a view, continued rotation of the crown in the same direction can cause the scaling to reverse direction. For example, an upward rotation of the crown can cause a view to zoom-in. However, upon reaching a scaling limit, the upward rotation of the crown can then cause the view to scale in the opposite direction (e.g., zoom-out). 
       FIG. 21  illustrates an exemplary process  2100  for scrolling a view of a display based on an angular velocity of rotation of a crown according to various examples. The view can include a visual representation of any type of data being displayed. For example, the view can include a display of a text, a media item, a webpage, or the like. Process  2100  can be similar to process  900 , except that it can scroll the view based on a scrolling velocity that depends on the angular velocity of rotation of the crown. In some examples, process  2100  can be performed by a wearable electronic device similar to device  100 . In these examples, content or any other view can be displayed on display  106  of device  100  and process  2100  can be performed to visually scroll the view in response to a turning of crown  108 . In some examples, the scrolling can be performed by translating the displayed contents along a fixed axis. 
     At block  2102 , a view of the display of the wearable electronic device can be displayed. As mentioned above, the view can include any visual representation of any type of data that is displayed by a display of the device. 
     At block  2104 , crown position information can be received in a manner similar or identical to that described above with respect to block  902  of process  900 . For instance, the crown position information can be received by a processor (e.g., processor  202 ) from an encoder (e.g., encoder  204 ) and can include an analog or digital representation of the absolute position of the crown, a change in rotational position of the crown, or other positional information of the crown. 
     At block  2106 , the scroll velocity (e.g., speed and scroll direction) can be determined. In some examples, the scrolling of a view can be determined using a physics-based modeling of the motion. For example, the view can be treated as an object having a movement velocity that corresponds to the velocity of scrolling across the display of the device. The rotation of the crown can be treated as a force being applied to the view in a direction corresponding to the direction of rotation of the crown, where the amount of force depends on the speed of angular rotation of the crown. For example, a greater speed of angular rotation can correspond to a greater amount of force being applied to the view. Any desired linear or non-linear mapping between the speed of angular rotation of the crown and the force being applied to the view can be used. In addition, a drag force can be applied in a direction opposite the direction of scroll. This can be used to cause the velocity of scrolling to decay over time, allowing the scrolling to stop absent additional input from the user. Thus, the velocity of scrolling at discrete moments in time can take the general form of:
 
 V   T   =V   (T−1)   +ΔV   CROWN   −ΔV   DRAG .  (1.1)
 
     In equation 1.1, V T  represents the determined scroll velocity (speed and direction) at time T, V (T−1)  represents the previous scroll velocity (speed and direction) at time T−1, ΔV CROWN  represents the change in velocity caused by the force applied to the view in response to the rotation of the crown, and ΔV DRAG  represents the change in velocity of the view caused by the drag force opposing the motion of the view (scrolling of the view). As mentioned above, the force applied to the view by the crown can depend on the speed of angular rotation of the crown. Thus, ΔV CROWN  can also depend on the speed of angular rotation of the crown. Typically, the greater the speed of angular rotation of the crown, the greater the value of ΔV CROWN  will be. However, the actual mapping between the speed of angular rotation of the crown and ΔV CROWN  can be varied depending on the desired user feel of the scrolling effect. For example, various linear or non-linear mappings between the speed of angular rotation of the crown and ΔV CROWN  can be used. In some examples, ΔV DRAG  can depend on the velocity of scrolling such that at greater velocities, a greater opposing change in velocity can be produced. In other examples, ΔV DRAG  can have a constant value. However, it should be appreciated that any constant or variable amount of opposing change in velocity can be used to produce a desired scrolling effect. Note, typically, in the absence of user input in the form of ΔV CROWN . V T  will approach (and become) zero based on ΔV DRAG  in accordance with equation 1.1, but V T  would not change signs without user input in the form of crown rotation (ΔV CROWN ). 
     As can be seen from equation 1.1, the velocity of scrolling can continue to increase as long as ΔV CROWN  is greater than ΔV DRAG . Additionally, the velocity of scrolling can have non-zero values even when no ΔV CROWN  input is being received. Thus, if the view is scrolling with a non-zero velocity, it can continue to scroll without the user rotating the crown. The scroll distance and time until the scrolling stops can depend on the scroll velocity at the time the user stops rotating the crown and the ΔV DRAG  component. 
     In some examples, when the crown is rotated in a direction corresponding to a scroll direction that is opposite the direction that the view is currently being scrolled, the V (T−1)  component can be reset to a value of zero, allowing the user to quickly change the direction of the scrolling without having to provide a force sufficient to offset the current scroll velocity of the view. 
     At block  2108 , the display can be updated based on the scroll speed and direction determined at block  2106 . This can include translating the displayed view by an amount corresponding to the determined scroll speed and in a direction corresponding to the determined scroll direction. The process can then return to block  2104 , where additional crown position information can be received. 
     It should be appreciated that blocks  2104 ,  2106 , and  2108  can be repeatedly performed at any desired frequency to continually determine the velocity of scrolling and to update the display accordingly. 
     To further illustrate the operation of process  2100 ,  FIG. 22  depicts an example interface of device  100  having a visual representation of lines of text containing numbers  1 - 9 . At block  2102  of process  2100 , processor  202  of device  100  can cause display  106  to display the illustrated interface. At block  2104 , processor  202  can receive crown position information from encoder  204 . At block  2106 , a scroll speed and scroll direction can be determined. Since the current scroll speed is zero and since crown  108  is not currently being rotated, it can be determined using equation 1.1 that the new velocity of scrolling is zero. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display using the speed and direction determined at block  2106 . However, since the determined velocity was zero, no change to the display need be made. For purposes of explanation,  FIGS. 23-29  depict subsequent views of the interface shown in  FIG. 22  at different points of time, where the length of time between each view is equal. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 23 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward rotation direction with rotation speed  2302 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2106 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scrolling V T . In this example, rotation of crown  108  in the upward direction corresponds to an upward scroll direction. In other examples, other directions can be used. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 23 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the upward direction with scroll speed  2304 . Since crown  108  has only begun to rotate, rotation speed  2302  can be relatively low compared to typical rotation speeds of the crown. Thus, scroll speed  2304  can similarly have a relatively low value compared to typical or maximum scroll speeds. As a result, only a portion of the line of text containing the value “1” has been translated off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 24 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward rotation direction with rotation speed  2306 , which can be greater than rotation speed  2302 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2106 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scrolling V T . Since the display previously had a non-zero scroll speed value (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 23 ), the new ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2306  can be added to the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2304 ). Thus, as long as the new ΔV CROWN  value is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  2308  can be greater than scroll speed  2304 . However, if the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2306  is less than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  2308  can be less than scroll speed  2304 . In the illustrated example, the new ΔV CROWN  value is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 24 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the upward direction with scroll speed  2308 . Since the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2306  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  2308  can be greater than scroll speed  2304 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a greater distance over the same length of time, causing a full line of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 25 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward rotation direction with rotation speed  2310 , which can be greater than rotation speed  2306 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2106 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scrolling V T . Since the display previously had a non-zero scroll speed value (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 24 ), the new ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2310  can be added to the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2308 ). Thus, as long as the new ΔV CROWN  value is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  2312  can be greater than scroll speed  2308 . However, if the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2310  is less than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  2312  can be less than scroll speed  2308 . In the illustrated example, the new ΔV CROWN  value is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 25 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the upward direction with scroll speed  2312 . Since the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2310  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  2312  can be greater than scroll speed  2308 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a greater distance over the same length of time, causing 1.5 lines of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 26 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward rotation direction with rotation speed  2314 , which can be greater than rotation speed  2310 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2110 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scrolling V T . Since the display previously had a non-zero scroll speed value (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 25 ), the new ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2314  can be added to the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2312 ). Thus, as long as the new ΔV CROWN  value is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  2316  can be greater than scroll speed  2312 . However, if the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2314  is less than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  2316  can be less than scroll speed  2312 . In the illustrated example, the new ΔV CROWN  value is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 26 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the upward direction with scroll speed  2316 . Since the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  2314  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  2316  can be greater than scroll speed  2312 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a greater distance over the same length of time, causing two lines of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 27 , crown  108  is not being rotated in any direction. Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2110 , processor  202  can determine the new velocity of scrolling V T  based on the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2316 ) and the ΔV DRAG  value. Thus, as long as the previous scroll speed  2316  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the scroll speed can have a non-zero value even when no rotation of the crown is being performed. However, if the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2316 ) is equal to the ΔV DRAG  value, the scroll speed can have a value of zero. In the illustrated example, the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2316 ) is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 27 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the upward direction with scroll speed  2318 . Since ΔV DRAG  can have a non-zero value and because the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2316 ) can be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  2318  can have a non-zero value that is less than scroll speed  2316 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a shorter distance over the same length of time, causing 1.5 lines of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 28 , crown  108  is not being rotated in any direction. Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2110 , processor  202  can determine the new velocity of scrolling V T  based on the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2318 ) and the ΔV DRAG  value. Thus, as long as the previous scroll speed  2318  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the scroll speed can have a non-zero value even when no rotation of the crown is being performed. However, if the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2318 ) is equal to the ΔV DRAG  value, the scroll speed can have a value of zero. In the illustrated example, the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2318 ) is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 28 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the upward direction with scroll speed  2320 . Since ΔV DRAG  can have a non-zero value and because the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2318 ) can be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  2320  can have a non-zero value that is less than scroll speed  2318 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a shorter distance over the same length of time, causing one line of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 29 , crown  108  is not being rotated in any direction. Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2110 , processor  202  can determine the new velocity of scrolling V T  based on the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2320 ) and the ΔV DRAG  value. Thus, as long as the previous scroll speed  2320  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the scroll speed can have a non-zero value even when no rotation of the crown is being performed. However, if the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2320 ) is equal to the ΔV DRAG  value, the scroll speed can have a value of zero. In the illustrated example, the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2320 ) is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 29 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the upward direction with scroll speed  2322 . Since ΔV DRAG  can have a non-zero value and because the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  2320 ) can be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  2322  can have a non-zero value that is less than scroll speed  2320 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a shorter distance over the same length of time, causing 0.5 lines of text to be translated vertically off the display. This decay in scroll velocity can continue until the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  is equal to the ΔV DRAG  value, causing the scroll velocity to fall to zero. Alternatively, the decay in scroll velocity can continue until the previous scroll velocity V (T−1)  falls below a threshold value, after which it can be set to a value of zero. 
     To further illustrate the operation of process  2100 ,  FIG. 30  depicts an example interface of device  100  having a visual representation of lines of text containing numbers  1 - 9  similar to that shown in  FIG. 22 .  FIGS. 31-36  illustrate the scrolling of the display at scroll speeds  3104 ,  3108 ,  3112 ,  3116 ,  3118 , and  3120  based on input rotation speeds  3102 ,  3106 ,  3110 , and  3114 , in a similar manner as described above with respect to  FIGS. 23-28 . Thus, the lengths of time between subsequent views shown in  FIGS. 31-36  are equal. For purposes of explanation,  FIGS. 37-40  depict subsequent views of the interface shown in  FIG. 36  at different points of time, where the length of time between each view is equal. 
     In contrast to  FIG. 29  where no rotation input was received, a downward rotation having rotation speed  3702  can be performed at  FIG. 37 . In this instance, processor  202  can again receive crown position information from encoder  204  reflecting this downward rotation at block  2104 . At block  2106 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scrolling V T . Since the downward rotation of crown  108  is in the opposite direction of the scrolling shown in  FIG. 36 , the ΔV CROWN  value can have a polarity that is opposite that of the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1) . In some examples, the new velocity of scrolling V T  can be calculated by adding the new ΔV CROWN  value (having an opposite polarity) to the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1)  and subtracting the ΔV DRAG  value. In other examples, such as that shown in  FIG. 37 , the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1)  can be set to zero when rotation of crown  108  is in a direction opposite that of the previous scrolling (e.g., the polarity of ΔV CROWN  is opposite that of V (T−1) ). This can be performed to allow the user to quickly change the direction of scrolling without having to offset the previous velocity of scrolling. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 37 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the downward direction with scroll speed  3704 . Since crown  108  has only begun to rotate, rotation speed  3702  can be relatively low compared to typical rotation speeds of the crown. Thus, scroll speed  3704  can similarly have a relatively low value compared to typical or maximum scroll speeds. As a result, a relatively slow scrolling can be performed, causing 0.5 lines of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 38 , crown  108  is being rotated in the downward rotation direction with rotation speed  3706 , which can be greater than rotation speed  3702 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2106 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scrolling V T . Since the display previously had a non-zero scroll speed value (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 37 ), the new ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3706  can be added to the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  3704 ). Thus, as long as the new ΔV CROWN  value is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  3708  can be greater than scroll speed  3704 . However, if the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3706  is less than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  3708  can be less than scroll speed  3704 . In the illustrated example, the new ΔV CROWN  value is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 38 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the downward direction with scroll speed  3708 . Since the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3706  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  3708  can be greater than scroll speed  3704 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a greater distance over the same length of time, causing a full line of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 39 , crown  108  is being rotated in the downward rotation direction with rotation speed  3710 , which can be greater than rotation speed  3706 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2106 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scrolling V T . Since the display previously had a non-zero scroll speed value (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 38 ), the new ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3710  can be added to the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  3708 ). Thus, as long as the new ΔV CROWN  value is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  3712  can be greater than scroll speed  3708 . However, if the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3710  is less than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  3712  can be less than scroll speed  3708 . In the illustrated example, the new ΔV CROWN  value is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 39 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the downward direction with scroll speed  3712 . Since the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3710  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  3712  can be greater than scroll speed  3708 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a greater distance over the same length of time, causing 1.5 lines of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 40 , crown  108  is being rotated in the downward rotation direction with rotation speed  3714 , which can be greater than rotation speed  3710 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  2104 . Thus, at block  2110 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scrolling V T . Since the display previously had a non-zero scroll speed value (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 39 ), the new ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3714  can be added to the previous scroll velocity value V (T−1)  (e.g., having scroll speed  3712 ). Thus, as long as the new ΔV CROWN  value is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  3716  can be greater than scroll speed  3712 . However, if the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3714  is less than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scroll speed  3716  can be less than scroll speed  3712 . In the illustrated example, the new ΔV CROWN  value is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  2108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scroll speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 40 , this update has caused the lines of text to translate in the downward direction with scroll speed  3716 . Since the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  3714  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, scroll speed  3716  can be greater than scroll speed  3712 . As a result, the lines of text have been translated a greater distance over the same length of time, causing two lines of text to be translated vertically off the display. 
     While not shown, if the rotation of crown  108  stops, the view can continue to be scrolled in a downward direction in a manner similar to that described above with respect to  FIGS. 35 and 36 . The speed and amount of scroll that can be performed can depend on the scroll speed when the rotation of crown  108  stopped and the value used for ΔV DRAG . 
     While a specific scrolling example is provided, it should be appreciated that other types of data, such as media items, webpages, applications, or the like, can similarly be scrolled using process  2100  in a similar manner. For example, process  2100  can be performed to scroll through a list of applications in a manner similar to that described above with respect to process  300 . However, the velocity of scrolling through the applications when using process  2100  can depend on the velocity of angular rotation of the crown. 
       FIG. 41  illustrates an exemplary process  4100  for scaling a view of a display based on an angular velocity of rotation of a crown according to various examples. The view can include a visual representation of any type of data being displayed. For example, the view can include a display of a text, a media item, a webpage, or the like. Process  4100  can be similar to process  2100 , except that process  4100  can determine a scaling velocity (e.g., an amount and direction of change in size per unit time) rather than determine a scrolling velocity. While the quantities being determined are different, they can be determined in a similar manner. In some examples, process  4100  can be performed by a wearable electronic device similar to device  100 . In these examples, content or any other view can be displayed on display  106  of device  100  and process  4100  can be performed to visually scale the view in response to a turning of crown  108 . 
     At block  4102 , a view of the display of the wearable electronic device can be displayed. As mentioned above, the view can include any visual representation of any type of data that is displayed by a display of the device. 
     At block  4104 , crown position information can be received in a manner similar or identical to that described above with respect to block  902  of process  900 . For instance, the crown position information can be received by a processor (e.g., processor  202 ) from an encoder (e.g., encoder  204 ) and can include an analog or digital representation of the absolute position of the crown, a change in rotational position of the crown, or other positional information of the crown. 
     At block  4106 , the scale velocity (e.g., speed and positive/negative scaling direction) can be determined. In some examples, the scaling of a view can be determined using a physics-based modeling of motion. For example, the velocity of scaling can be treated as a velocity of a moving object. The rotation of the crown can be treated as a force being applied to the object in a direction corresponding to the direction of rotation of the crown, where the amount of force depends on the speed of angular rotation of the crown. As a result, the scaling velocity can increase or decrease and can move in different directions. For example, a greater speed of angular rotation can correspond to a greater amount of force being applied to the object. Any desired linear or non-linear mapping between speed of angular rotation and force being applied to the object can be used. In addition, a drag force can be applied in a direction opposite the direction of motion (e.g., scaling). This can be used to cause the velocity of scaling to decay over time, allowing the scaling to stop absent additional input from the user. Thus, the velocity of scaling at discrete moments in time can take the general form of:
 
 V   T   =V   (T−1)   +ΔV   CROWN   −ΔV   DRAG .  (1.2)
 
     In equation 1.2, V T  represents the determined scale velocity (speed and direction) at time T, V (T−1)  represents the previous scale velocity (speed and direction) at time T−1, ΔV CROWN  represents the change in scale velocity caused by the force applied in response to the rotation of the crown, and ΔV DRAG  represents the change in scale velocity caused by the drag force opposing the motion of the scaling. As mentioned above, the force applied to the scaling by the crown can depend on the speed of angular rotation of the crown. Thus, ΔV CROWN  can also depend on the speed of angular rotation of the crown. Typically, the greater the speed of angular rotation of the crown, the greater the value of ΔV CROWN  will be. However, the actual mapping between the speed of angular rotation of the crown and ΔV CROWN  can be varied depending on the desired user feel of the scaling effect. In some examples, the ΔV DRAG  can depend on the velocity of scaling, such that at greater velocities, a greater opposing change in scaling can be produced. In other examples, ΔV DRAG  can have a constant value. However, it should be appreciated that any constant or variable amount of opposing change in velocity can be used to produce a desired scaling effect. Note, typically, in the absence of user input in the form of ΔV CROWN , V T  will approach (and become) zero based on ΔV DRAG  in accordance with equation 1.2, but V T  would not change signs without user input in the form of crown rotation (ΔV CROWN ). 
     As can be seen from equation 1.2, the velocity of scaling can continue to increase as long as ΔV CROWN  is greater than ΔV DRAG . Additionally, the velocity of scaling can have non-zero values even when no ΔV CROWN  input is being received. Thus, if the view is scaling with a non-zero velocity, it can continue to scale without the user rotating the crown. The scale amount and time until the scaling stops can depend on the scale velocity at the time the user stops rotating the crown and the ΔV DRAG  component. 
     In some examples, when the crown is rotated in the opposite direction corresponding to a scale direction that is opposite the direction that the view is currently being scaled, the V (T−1)  component can be reset to a value of zero, allowing the user to quickly change the direction of the scaling without having to provide a force sufficient to offset the current scale velocity of the view. 
     At block  4108 , the display can be updated based on the scale speed and direction determined at block  4106 . This can include scaling the view by an amount corresponding to the determined scale speed and in a direction (e.g., larger or smaller) corresponding to the determined scale direction. The process can then return to block  4104 , where additional crown position information can be received. 
     It should be appreciated that blocks  4104 ,  4106 , and  4108  can be repeatedly performed at any desired frequency to continually determine the speed of scaling and to update the display accordingly. 
     To further illustrate the operation of process  4100 ,  FIG. 42  depicts an example interface of device  100  having an image of triangle  4202 . At block  4102  of process  4100 , processor  202  of device  100  can cause display  106  to display the illustrated triangle  4202 . At block  4104 , processor  202  can receive crown position information from encoder  204 . At block  4106 , a scale speed and scale direction can be determined. Since the current scroll velocity is zero and since crown  108  is not currently being rotated, it can be determined using equation 1.2 that the new velocity of scaling is zero. At block  4108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display using the speed and direction determined at block  4106 . However, since the determined velocity was zero, no change to the display need be made. For purposes of explanation,  FIGS. 43 and 44  depict subsequent views of the interface shown in  FIG. 42  at different points of time, where the length of time between each view is equal. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 43 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward rotation direction with rotation speed  4302 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  4104 . Thus, at block  4106 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scaling V T . In this example, rotation of crown in the upward direction equates to a positive scaling direction (e.g., increasing the size of the view). In other examples, other directions can be used. At block  4108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scale speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 43 , this update has caused triangle  4202  to increase in size with a rate of change corresponding to the determined scale speed. Since crown  108  has only begun to rotate, rotation speed  4302  can be relatively low compared to typical rotation speeds of the crown. Thus, the scale speed can similarly have a relatively low value compared to typical or maximum scroll speeds. As a result, only a small change in size of triangle  4202  can be observed. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 43 , crown  108  is being rotated in the upward rotation direction with rotation speed  4304 , which can be greater than rotation speed  4302 . Processor  202  can again receive crown position information that reflects this rotation from encoder  204  at block  4104 . Thus, at block  4106 , processor  202  can convert this rotation speed into a ΔV CROWN  value to determine the new velocity of scaling V T . Since the display previously had a non-zero scale velocity value (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 43 ), the new ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  4304  can be added to the previous scale velocity value V (T−1) . Thus, as long as the new ΔV CROWN  value is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scale velocity can be greater than the previous scale velocity. However, if the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  4304  is less than the ΔV DRAG  value, the new scale velocity can be less than the previous scale velocity. In the illustrated example, the new ΔV CROWN  value is assumed to be greater than the ΔV DRAG  value. At block  4108 , processor  202  can cause display  106  to update the display based on the determined scale speed and direction. As shown in  FIG. 44 , this update has caused triangle  4202  to increase in size with the determined scale velocity. Since the ΔV CROWN  value corresponding to rotation speed  4304  is greater than the ΔV DRAG  value, the scale velocity can be greater than the previous scale velocity. As a result, a larger change in size of triangle  4202  can be observed than that illustrated in  FIG. 43 . 
     Similar to the scrolling performed using process  2100 , the scaling of the view containing triangle  4202  can continue after rotation of crown  108  has ceased. However, the rate at which the view containing triangle  4202  increases in size can decrease over time due to the ΔV DRAG  value of equation 1.2. Additionally, a similar scaling that decreases the size of the view containing triangle  4202  can be performed in response to crown  108  being rotated in the opposite direction. The velocity of the scaling can be calculated in a similar manner as that used to calculate the positive scaling shown in  FIGS. 42-44 . Moreover, similar to the scrolling performed using process  2100 , the speed and direction of scaling can be set to zero in response to a rotation of crown  108  in a direction opposite the direction of scaling. This can be performed to allow the user to quickly change the direction of the scaling. 
     Moreover, in some examples, when reaching a minimum or maximum scaling of a view, the velocity scaling can reverse directions. For example, the velocity of scaling can cause the view to zoom-in with a non-zero speed. Upon reaching a scaling limit, the direction of the scaling can reverse to cause the view to scale in the opposite direction (e.g., zoom-out) with the same speed that the view was scaling prior to reaching the scaling limit. 
     In some examples, the scrolling or scaling performed in any of the processes described above (e.g., process  300 ,  900 ,  1500 ,  2100 , or  4100 ) can be stopped in response to a change of context of the electronic device. A context can represent any condition that makes up the environment in which the crown position information is being received. For example, a context can include a current application being executed by the device, a type of application or process being displayed by the device, a selected object within a view of the device, or the like. To illustrate, if crown position information indicating that a change in position of crown  108  is being received while performing process  300 , device  100  can scroll through a list of applications, as described above. However, in response to a change in context in the form of a user selecting one of the displayed applications, which causes device  100  to open the application, device  100  can cease to perform the previously occurring scrolling function of block  306  to prevent the scrolling function from being performed within the opened application. In some examples, after detecting a change in context, device  100  can also ignore inputs from crown  108  by ceasing to perform the scrolling function of block  306  even if crown  108  continues to be rotated. In some examples, device  100  can cease to perform the scrolling function of block  306  in response to a change in position of crown  108  for a threshold length of time after detecting a change in context. The threshold length of time can be any desired time, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, or more seconds. A similar behavior can also be performed in response to detecting a change in context while performing process  900  or  1500 . For example, device  100  can cease to perform a previously occurring scrolling or scaling function in response to detecting a change in context. Additionally, in some examples after detecting a change in context, device  100  can also ignore inputs from crown  108  by ceasing to scroll or zoom a view in response to changes in position of crown  108  for a threshold length of time after detecting the change in context. A similar behavior can also be performed in response to detecting a change in context while performing blocks  2100  or  4100 . For example, device  100  can stop a previously occurring scrolling or zooming function having a non-zero speed in response to detecting a change in context. Additionally, in some examples after detecting a change in context, device  100  can also ignore inputs from crown  108  by ceasing to scroll or zoom a view in response to changes in position of crown  108  for a threshold length of time after detecting the change in context. Stopping a scrolling or scaling function and/or ignoring future inputs from crown  108  in response to detecting a change in context can advantageously prevent an input entered while operating in one context from carrying over to another context in an undesired way. For example, a user can use crown  108  to scroll through a list of applications using process  300  and can select a desired music application while the momentum of crown  108  causes crown  108  to continue to spin. Without stopping the scrolling function and without ignoring inputs from crown  108  in response to detecting the change in context, device  100  can cause a scrolling function to be performed within the selected application or can interpret the input from crown  108  in another manner (e.g., to adjust a volume of the music application) unintended by the user. 
     In some examples, changes in certain types of contexts may not result in device  100  stopping an ongoing scrolling or scaling function and/or causing device  100  to ignore future inputs from crown  108 . For example, if device  100  is simultaneously displaying multiple views or objects within display  106 , selection between the displayed views or objects may not cause device  100  to stop the scrolling or scaling function and/or may not cause device  100  to ignore future inputs of crown  108 , as described above. For example, device  100  can simultaneously display two sets of lines of text similar to that shown in  FIG. 10 . In this example, device  100  can scroll through one of the sets using process  900 . In response to a user selection of the other set of lines of text (e.g., via a tap on the touch-sensitive display of device  100  at a location corresponding to the other set of lines of text), device  100  can begin to scroll through the other set of lines of text based on the previous scroll speed and/or current detected changes in position of crown  108 . However, if a different type of change in context occurs (e.g., a new application is opened, an item not currently being displayed by device  100  is selected, or the like), device  100  can stop an ongoing scrolling or scaling function and/or can ignore inputs from crown  108  for a threshold length of time, as described above. In other examples, rather than begin to scroll through the other set of lines of text based on the previous scroll speed and/or the current change in position of crown  108  in response to a user selection of the other set of lines of text (e.g., via a tap on the touch-sensitive display of device  100  at a location corresponding to the other set of lines of text), device  100  can stop an ongoing scrolling or scaling function and/or can ignore inputs from crown  108  for a threshold length of time. However, the threshold length of time can be shorter than the threshold length of time used for changes in other types of changes in context (e.g., a new application is opened, an item not currently being displayed by device  100  is selected, or the like). While specific types of context changes are provided above, it should be appreciated that any type of context changes can be selected. 
     In some examples, device  100  can include a mechanism for detecting physical contact with crown  108 . For example, device  100  can include a capacitive sensor configured to detect changes in capacitance caused by contact with crown  108 , a resistive sensor configured to detect changes in resistance caused by contact with crown  108 , a pressure sensor configured to detect a depression of crown  108  caused by contact with crown  108 , a temperature sensor configured to detect a change in temperature of crown  108  caused by contact with crown  108 , or the like. It should be appreciated that any desired mechanism for detecting contact with crown  108  can be used. In these examples, the presence or absence of contact with crown  108  can be used to stop the scrolling or scaling performed in any of the processes described above (e.g., process  300 ,  900 ,  1500 ,  2100 , or  4100 ). For instance, in some examples, device  100  can be configured to perform scrolling or scaling functions as described above with respect to processes  300 ,  900 ,  1500 ,  2100 , or  4100 . In response to detecting an abrupt stop in the rotation of crown  108  (e.g., a stop or decrease in rotation speed that exceeds a threshold value) while contact with crown  108  is detected, device  100  can stop the scrolling or scaling being performed. This occurrence can represent the situation where the user quickly rotates crown  108 , but intentionally brings it to a stop, indicating a desire to halt the scrolling or scaling. However, in response to detecting an abrupt stop in the rotation of crown  108  (e.g., a stop or decrease in rotation speed that exceeds a threshold value) while contact with crown  108  is not detected, device  100  can continue the scrolling or scaling being performed. This occurrence can represent the situation where the user quickly rotates crown  108  by performing a forward or backwards flicking gesture, removes their finger from crown  108 , and rotates their wrist back in order to further wind crown  108  using another flicking gesture. In this situation, it is likely that the user does not intend for the scrolling or scaling to stop. 
     While processes  300 ,  900 ,  2100 , ad  4100  have been described above as being used to perform scrolling or scaling of objects or views of a display, it should be appreciated that they can more generally be applied to adjust any type of value associated with the electronic device. For example, rather than scroll or scale a view in a particular direction in response to a change in position of crown  108 , device  100  can instead increase a selected value (e.g., a volume, a time within a video, or any other value) by an amount or a speed in a manner similar to that described above for scrolling or scaling. Additionally, rather than scroll or scale a view in an opposite direction in response to a change in position of crown  108  in the opposite direction, device  100  can instead decrease the selected value by an amount or a speed in a manner similar to that described above for scrolling or scaling. 
     One or more of the functions relating to scaling or scrolling a user interface can be performed by a system similar or identical to system  4500  shown in  FIG. 45 . System  4500  can include instructions stored in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as memory  4504  or storage device  4502 , and executed by processor  4506 . The instructions can also be stored and/or transported within any non-transitory computer readable storage medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “non-transitory computer readable storage medium” can be any medium that can contain or store the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) (magnetic), a portable optical disc such a CD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, DVD-R, or DVD-RW, or flash memory such as compact flash cards, secured digital cards, USB memory devices, memory sticks, and the like. 
     The instructions can also be propagated within any transport medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “transport medium” can be any medium that can communicate, propagate or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The transport medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic or infrared wired or wireless propagation medium. 
     In some examples, system  4500  can be included within device  100 . In these examples, processor  4506  can be used as processor  202 . Processor  4506  can be configured to receive the output from encoder  204 , buttons  110 ,  112 , and  114 , and from touch-sensitive display  106 . Processor  4506  can process these inputs as described above with respect to  FIGS. 3, 9, 15, 21 , and  41 , and processes  300 ,  900 ,  1500 ,  2100 , and  4100 . It is to be understood that the system is not limited to the components and configuration of  FIG. 45 , but can include other or additional components in multiple configurations according to various examples. 
     Although the disclosure and examples have been fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of the disclosure and examples as defined by the appended claims.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20160220
Publication Date: 20191210
Grant Date: 20191210
Priority Date: 20130903
Inventors: ZAMBETTI, NICHOLAS
CHAUDHRI, IMRAN
DASCOLA, JONATHAN R.
DYE, ALAN C.
FOSS, CHRISTOPHER PATRICK
GUZMAN, Aurelio
KARUNAMUNI, CHANAKA G.
KERR, DUNCAN ROBERT
LEMAY, STEPHEN O.
WILSON, CHRISTOPHER
WILSON, ERIC LANCE
YANG, LAWRENCE Y.
BUTCHER, GARY IAN
IVE, JONATHAN P.
LYNCH, KEVIN
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/163", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/163", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/163", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 56111170