PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11449182-B2
Application Number: US-202017067579-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Active area routing for touch electrodes

Abstract:
Touch sensor panels/screens can include metal mesh touch electrodes and routing in the active area. In some examples, the touch sensor panel/screen can include row electrodes and column electrodes disposed over the active area of the display. In some examples, the routing traces for the row electrodes and/or column electrodes can be disposed in a border region and some of the routing traces for the row electrodes and/or column electrodes can be disposed in the active area. In some examples, some row electrodes can be shaved down to create an offset from the edge of the active area to accommodate routing traces in the active area. In some examples, the row electrodes can be formed in a first metal mesh layer and some routing traces in the active area can be formed in a second metal mesh layer, different from the first metal mesh layer.

Claims:
The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A touch screen comprising:
 a display having an active area; 
 row electrodes disposed over the active area of the display formed in a first metal mesh layer, the row electrodes comprising horizontally interconnected conductive segments; 
 a first routing trace coupled to a first row electrode of the row electrodes, wherein the first routing trace is disposed in the active area of the display, and wherein the first routing trace is formed in a second metal mesh layer different from the first metal mesh layer; and 
 a second routing trace coupled to a second row electrode of the row electrodes, wherein the second routing trace is disposed in a border region around the active area of the display; 
 wherein the first routing trace crosses from the active area of the display to the border region over a first edge of the display and the second routing trace crosses from the active area of the display to the border region over a second edge of the display, different from the first edge of the display. 
 
     
     
       2. The touch screen of  claim 1 ,
 wherein the second edge of the display is perpendicular to the first edge of the display. 
 
     
     
       3. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the second row electrode is greater than a threshold distance from the first edge. 
     
     
       4. The touch screen of  claim 3 , wherein the first row electrode is less than the threshold distance from the first edge of the display. 
     
     
       5. The touch screen of  claim 3 , wherein the first routing trace coupled to the first row electrode of the row electrodes is a first distance from the second edge of the display, and a third routing trace coupled to a third row electrode of the row electrodes is a second distance from the second edge of the display different from the first distance, wherein the third routing trace is disposed in the active area of the display and the third routing trace is formed in the second metal mesh layer different from the first metal mesh layer. 
     
     
       6. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the first routing trace is narrower than the second routing trace. 
     
     
       7. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the first routing trace is shorter than the second routing trace. 
     
     
       8. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the first routing trace and the second routing trace are formed in different layers. 
     
     
       9. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the horizontally interconnected conductive segments have a ground electrode disposed within, wherein one of the horizontally interconnected conductive segments is coupled to a corresponding routing trace in the border region via a bridge bypassing a ground electrode in the border region. 
     
     
       10. The touch screen of  claim 9 , wherein the bridge bypassing the ground electrode in the border region is disposed at least partially in the second metal mesh layer. 
     
     
       11. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the horizontally interconnected conductive segments have diamond shapes. 
     
     
       12. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein a first plurality of the row electrodes including the first row electrode are coupled to a plurality of routing traces including the first routing trace to corresponding touch electrodes of the first plurality of the row electrodes within a first distance from a first edge of the display, and wherein the plurality of routing traces including the first routing trace are disposed in the active area of the display. 
     
     
       13. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the first routing trace comprises metal mesh wires forming at least two paths from the first row electrode. 
     
     
       14. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the first routing trace comprises metal mesh wires forming polygonal shapes in the active area. 
     
     
       15. The touch screen of  claim 1 , wherein the horizontally interconnected conductive segments have a ground electrode disposed within. 
     
     
       16. The touch screen of  claim 15 , wherein the ground electrode of the horizontally interconnected conductive segments comprises a first ground electrode within the first row electrode and a second ground electrode within the second row electrode, and wherein the first ground electrode and the second ground electrode are coupled together by a bridge in the second metal mesh layer. 
     
     
       17. The touch screen of  claim 15 , wherein the ground electrode of the horizontally interconnected conductive segments is coupled to a ground electrode in a border region around the active area of the display in the first metal mesh layer. 
     
     
       18. A device comprising:
 an energy storage device; 
 communication circuitry; and 
 a touch screen comprising:
 a display having an active area; 
 row electrodes disposed over the active area of the display formed in a first metal mesh layer, the row electrodes comprising horizontally interconnected conductive segments; 
 a first routing trace coupled to a first row electrode of the row electrodes, wherein the first routing trace is disposed in the active area of the display, and wherein the first routing trace is formed in a second metal mesh layer different from the first metal mesh layer; and 
 a second routing trace coupled to a second row electrode of the row electrodes, wherein the second routing trace is disposed in a border region around the active area of the display; 
 wherein the first routing trace crosses from the active area of the display to the border region over a first edge of the display and the second routing trace crosses from the active area of the display to the border region over a second edge of the display, different from the first edge of the display. 
 
 
     
     
       19. A touch screen comprising:
 a display having an active area; 
 row electrodes disposed over the active area of the display, wherein a first row electrode of the row electrodes is a first distance from a first linear edge of the display perpendicular to the row electrodes, and a second row electrode of the row electrodes is a second distance, different from the first distance, from the first linear edge of the display; 
 a first routing trace coupled to the first row electrode disposed in the active area of the display; and 
 a second routing trace coupled to the second row electrode disposed in a border region around the active area of the display. 
 
     
     
       20. The touch screen of  claim 19 , wherein the first routing trace crosses from the active area of the display to the border region over a second edge of the display perpendicular to the first linear edge of the display, wherein the first row electrode is less than a threshold distance from the second edge.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/933,894, filed Nov. 11, 2019, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     This relates generally to touch sensor panels/screens, and more particularly to touch sensor panels/screens including metal mesh touch electrodes and routing in the active area. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     Many types of input devices are presently available for performing operations in a computing system, such as buttons or keys, mice, trackballs, joysticks, touch sensor panels, touch screens and the like. Touch screens, in particular, are popular because of their ease and versatility of operation as well as their declining price. Touch screens can include a touch sensor panel, which can be a clear panel with a touch-sensitive surface, and a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), light emitting diode (LED) display or organic light emitting diode (OLED) display that can be positioned partially or fully behind the panel so that the touch-sensitive surface can cover at least a portion of the viewable area of the display device. Touch screens can allow a user to perform various functions by touching the touch sensor panel using a finger, stylus or other object at a location often dictated by a user interface (UI) being displayed by the display device. In general, touch screens can recognize a touch and the position of the touch on the touch sensor panel, and the computing system can then interpret the touch in accordance with the display appearing at the time of the touch, and thereafter can perform one or more actions based on the touch. In the case of some touch sensing systems, a physical touch on the display is not needed to detect a touch. For example, in some capacitive-type touch sensing systems, fringing electrical fields used to detect touch can extend beyond the surface of the display, and objects approaching near the surface may be detected near the surface without actually touching the surface. 
     Capacitive touch sensor panels can be formed by a matrix of partially or fully transparent or non-transparent conductive plates (e.g., touch electrodes) made of materials such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). In some examples, the conductive plates can be formed from other materials including conductive polymers, metal mesh, graphene, nanowires (e.g., silver nanowires) or nanotubes (e.g., carbon nanotubes). It is due in part to their substantial transparency that some capacitive touch sensor panels can be overlaid on a display to form a touch screen, as described above. Some touch screens can be formed by at least partially integrating touch sensing circuitry into a display pixel stack-up (i.e., the stacked material layers forming the display pixels). 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     This relates to touch sensor panels/screens including metal mesh touch electrodes and routing in the active area. In some examples, the touch sensor panel/screen can include row electrodes and column electrodes disposed over the active area of the display (the area of the display visible to a user). In some examples, the routing traces for the row electrodes and/or column electrodes can be disposed in a border region and some of the routing traces for the row electrodes and/or column electrodes can be disposed in the active area. In some examples, some row electrodes can be shaved down to create an offset from the edge of the active area to accommodate routing traces in the active area. In some examples, the row electrodes can be formed in a first metal mesh layer and some routing traces in the active area can be formed in a second metal mesh layer, different from the first metal mesh layer. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1A-1E  illustrate example systems that can include a touch screen according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates an example computing system including a touch screen according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 3A  illustrates an exemplary touch sensor circuit corresponding to a self-capacitance measurement of a touch node electrode and sensing circuit according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 3B  illustrates an exemplary touch sensor circuit corresponding to a mutual-capacitance drive line and sense line and sensing circuit according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 4A  illustrates touch screen with touch electrodes arranged in rows and columns according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 4B  illustrates touch screen with touch node electrodes arranged in a pixelated touch node electrode configuration according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 5A  illustrates an example touch screen stack-up including a metal mesh layer according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 5B  illustrates a top view of a portion of a touch screen according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 5C  illustrates a top view of a portion of a touch screen in a diamond pattern according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates an example touch screen including row and column electrodes according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates an example touch screen with some routing traces routed within the active area according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates a portion of a touch screen including some routing traces routed within the active area according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 9A  illustrates example routing traces and touch electrodes according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 9B-9C  illustrate example metal mesh routing traces according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 10  illustrates an example touch screen including row and column electrodes according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a bridge between a ground electrode and a ground routing trace according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 12  illustrates an example touch screen including routing traces routed within the active area according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 13  illustrates an example touch screen including row and column electrodes according to examples of the disclosure 
         FIG. 14  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a row electrode routing trace over a ground electrode in the active area according to examples of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 15  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a bridge between a row touch electrode and a row electrode routing trace in a border region according to examples of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     In the following description of examples, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which it is shown by way of illustration specific examples that can be practiced. It is to be understood that other examples can be used and structural changes can be made without departing from the scope of the disclosed examples. 
     This relates to touch sensor panels/screens including metal mesh touch electrodes and routing in the active area. In some examples, the touch sensor panel/screen can include row electrodes and column electrodes disposed over the active area of the display (the area of the display visible to a user). In some examples, the routing traces for the row electrodes and/or column electrodes can be disposed in a border region and some of the routing traces for the row electrodes and/or column electrodes can be disposed in the active area. In some examples, some row electrodes can be shaved down to create an offset from the edge of the active area to accommodate routing traces in the active area. In some examples, the row electrodes can be formed in a first metal mesh layer and some routing traces in the active area can be formed in a second metal mesh layer, different from the first metal mesh layer. 
       FIGS. 1A-1E  illustrate example systems that can include a touch screen according to examples of the disclosure.  FIG. 1A  illustrates an example mobile telephone  136  that includes a touch screen  124  according to examples of the disclosure.  FIG. 1B  illustrates an example digital media player  140  that includes a touch screen  126  according to examples of the disclosure.  FIG. 1C  illustrates an example personal computer  144  that includes a touch screen  128  according to examples of the disclosure.  FIG. 1D  illustrates an example tablet computing device  148  that includes a touch screen  130  according to examples of the disclosure.  FIG. 1E  illustrates an example wearable device  150  that includes a touch screen  132  and can be attached to a user using a strap  152  according to examples of the disclosure. It is understood that a touch screen can be implemented in other devices as well. 
     In some examples, touch screens  124 ,  126 ,  128 ,  130  and  132  can be based on self-capacitance. A self-capacitance based touch system can include a matrix of small, individual plates of conductive material or groups of individual plates of conductive material forming larger conductive regions that can be referred to as touch electrodes or as touch node electrodes (as described below with reference to  FIG. 4B ). For example, a touch screen can include a plurality of individual touch electrodes, each touch electrode identifying or representing a unique location (e.g., a touch node) on the touch screen at which touch or proximity is to be sensed, and each touch node electrode being electrically isolated from the other touch node electrodes in the touch screen/panel. Such a touch screen can be referred to as a pixelated self-capacitance touch screen, though it is understood that in some examples, the touch node electrodes on the touch screen can be used to perform scans other than self-capacitance scans on the touch screen (e.g., mutual capacitance scans). During operation, a touch node electrode can be stimulated with an alternating current (AC) waveform, and the self-capacitance to ground of the touch node electrode can be measured. As an object approaches the touch node electrode, the self-capacitance to ground of the touch node electrode can change (e.g., increase). This change in the self-capacitance of the touch node electrode can be detected and measured by the touch sensing system to determine the positions of multiple objects when they touch, or come in proximity to, the touch screen. In some examples, the touch node electrodes of a self-capacitance based touch system can be formed from rows and columns of conductive material, and changes in the self-capacitance to ground of the rows and columns can be detected, similar to above. In some examples, a touch screen can be multi-touch, single touch, projection scan, full-imaging multi-touch, capacitive touch, etc. 
     In some examples, touch screens  124 ,  126 ,  128 ,  130  and  132  can be based on mutual capacitance. A mutual capacitance based touch system can include electrodes arranged as drive and sense lines that may cross over each other on different layers (in a double-sided configuration), or may be adjacent to each other on the same layer (e.g., as described below with reference to  FIG. 4A ). The crossing or adjacent locations can form touch nodes. During operation, the drive line can be stimulated with an AC waveform and the mutual capacitance of the touch node can be measured. As an object approaches the touch node, the mutual capacitance of the touch node can change (e.g., decrease). This change in the mutual capacitance of the touch node can be detected and measured by the touch sensing system to determine the positions of multiple objects when they touch, or come in proximity to, the touch screen. As described herein, in some examples, a mutual capacitance based touch system can form touch nodes from a matrix of small, individual plates of conductive material. 
     In some examples, touch screens  124 ,  126 ,  128 ,  130  and  132  can be based on mutual capacitance and/or self-capacitance. The electrodes can be arrange as a matrix of small, individual plates of conductive material (e.g., as in touch node electrodes  408  in touch screen  402  in  FIG. 4B ) or as drive lines and sense lines (e.g., as in row touch electrodes  404  and column touch electrodes  406  in touch screen  400  in  FIG. 4A ), or in another pattern. The electrodes can be configurable for mutual capacitance or self-capacitance sensing or a combination of mutual and self-capacitance sensing. For example, in one mode of operation electrodes can be configured to sense mutual capacitance between electrodes and in a different mode of operation electrodes can be configured to sense self-capacitance of electrodes. In some examples, some of the electrodes can be configured to sense mutual capacitance therebetween and some of the electrodes can be configured to sense self-capacitance thereof. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an example computing system including a touch screen according to examples of the disclosure. Computing system  200  can be included in, for example, a mobile phone, tablet, touchpad, portable or desktop computer, portable media player, wearable device or any mobile or non-mobile computing device that includes a touch screen or touch sensor panel. Computing system  200  can include a touch sensing system including one or more touch processors  202 , peripherals  204 , a touch controller  206 , and touch sensing circuitry (described in more detail below). Peripherals  204  can include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) or other types of memory or storage, watchdog timers and the like. Touch controller  206  can include, but is not limited to, one or more sense channels  208 , channel scan logic  210  and driver logic  214 . Channel scan logic  210  can access RAM  212 , autonomously read data from the sense channels and provide control for the sense channels. In addition, channel scan logic  210  can control driver logic  214  to generate stimulation signals  216  at various frequencies and/or phases that can be selectively applied to drive regions of the touch sensing circuitry of touch screen  220 , as described in more detail below. In some examples, touch controller  206 , touch processor  202  and peripherals  204  can be integrated into a single application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and in some examples can be integrated with touch screen  220  itself. 
     It should be apparent that the architecture shown in  FIG. 2  is only one example architecture of computing system  200 , and that the system could have more or fewer components than shown, or a different configuration of components. In some examples, computing system  200  can include an energy storage device (e.g., a battery) to provide a power supply and/or communication circuitry to provide for wired or wireless communication (e.g., cellular, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc.). The various components shown in  FIG. 2  can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Computing system  200  can include a host processor  228  for receiving outputs from touch processor  202  and performing actions based on the outputs. For example, host processor  228  can be connected to program storage  232  and a display controller/driver  234  (e.g., a Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD) driver). It is understood that although some examples of the disclosure may described with reference to LCD displays, the scope of the disclosure is not so limited and can extend to other types of displays, such as Light-Emitting Diode (LED) displays, including Organic LED (OLED), Active-Matrix Organic LED (AMOLED) and Passive-Matrix Organic LED (PMOLED) displays. Display driver  234  can provide voltages on select (e.g., gate) lines to each pixel transistor and can provide data signals along data lines to these same transistors to control the pixel display image. 
     Host processor  228  can use display driver  234  to generate a display image on touch screen  220 , such as a display image of a user interface (UI), and can use touch processor  202  and touch controller  206  to detect a touch on or near touch screen  220 , such as a touch input to the displayed UI. The touch input can be used by computer programs stored in program storage  232  to perform actions that can include, but are not limited to, moving an object such as a cursor or pointer, scrolling or panning, adjusting control settings, opening a file or document, viewing a menu, making a selection, executing instructions, operating a peripheral device connected to the host device, answering a telephone call, placing a telephone call, terminating a telephone call, changing the volume or audio settings, storing information related to telephone communications such as addresses, frequently dialed numbers, received calls, missed calls, logging onto a computer or a computer network, permitting authorized individuals access to restricted areas of the computer or computer network, loading a user profile associated with a user&#39;s preferred arrangement of the computer desktop, permitting access to web content, launching a particular program, encrypting or decoding a message, and/or the like. Host processor  228  can also perform additional functions that may not be related to touch processing. 
     Note that one or more of the functions described herein, can be performed by firmware stored in memory (e.g., one of the peripherals  204  in  FIG. 2 ) and executed by touch processor  202 , or stored in program storage  232  and executed by host processor  228 . The firmware can also be stored and/or transported within any non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “non-transitory computer-readable storage medium” can be any medium (excluding signals) that can contain or store the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In some examples, RAM  212  or program storage  232  (or both) can be a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. One or both of RAM  212  and program storage  232  can have stored therein instructions, which when executed by touch processor  202  or host processor  228  or both, can cause the device including computing system  200  to perform one or more functions and methods of one or more examples of this disclosure. The computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM) (magnetic), a read-only memory (ROM) (magnetic), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) (magnetic), a portable optical disc such a CD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, DVD-R, or DVD-RW, or flash memory such as compact flash cards, secured digital cards, USB memory devices, memory sticks, and the like. 
     The firmware can also be propagated within any transport medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “transport medium” can be any medium that can communicate, propagate or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The transport medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic or infrared wired or wireless propagation medium. 
     Touch screen  220  can be used to derive touch information at multiple discrete locations of the touch screen, referred to herein as touch nodes. Touch screen  220  can include touch sensing circuitry that can include a capacitive sensing medium having a plurality of drive lines  222  and a plurality of sense lines  223 . It should be noted that the term “lines” is sometimes used herein to mean simply conductive pathways, as one skilled in the art will readily understand, and is not limited to elements that are strictly linear, but includes pathways that change direction, and includes pathways of different size, shape, materials, etc. Drive lines  222  can be driven by stimulation signals  216  from driver logic  214  through a drive interface  224 , and resulting sense signals  217  generated in sense lines  223  can be transmitted through a sense interface  225  to sense channels  208  in touch controller  206 . In this way, drive lines and sense lines can be part of the touch sensing circuitry that can interact to form capacitive sensing nodes, which can be thought of as touch picture elements (touch pixels) and referred to herein as touch nodes, such as touch nodes  226  and  227 . This way of understanding can be particularly useful when touch screen  220  is viewed as capturing an “image” of touch (“touch image”). In other words, after touch controller  206  has determined whether a touch has been detected at each touch nodes in the touch screen, the pattern of touch nodes in the touch screen at which a touch occurred can be thought of as an “image” of touch (e.g., a pattern of fingers touching the touch screen). As used herein, an electrical component “coupled to” or “connected to” another electrical component encompasses a direct or indirect connection providing electrical path for communication or operation between the coupled components. Thus, for example, drive lines  222  may be directly connected to driver logic  214  or indirectly connected to drive logic  214  via drive interface  224  and sense lines  223  may be directly connected to sense channels  208  or indirectly connected to sense channels  208  via sense interface  225 . In either case an electrical path for driving and/or sensing the touch nodes can be provided. 
       FIG. 3A  illustrates an exemplary touch sensor circuit  300  corresponding to a self-capacitance measurement of a touch node electrode  302  and sensing circuit  314  according to examples of the disclosure. Touch node electrode  302  can correspond to a touch electrode  404  or  406  of touch screen  400  or a touch node electrode  408  of touch screen  402 . Touch node electrode  302  can have an inherent self-capacitance to ground associated with it, and also an additional self-capacitance to ground that is formed when an object, such as finger  305 , is in proximity to or touching the electrode. The total self-capacitance to ground of touch node electrode  302  can be illustrated as capacitance  304 . Touch node electrode  302  can be coupled to sensing circuit  314 . Sensing circuit  314  can include an operational amplifier  308 , feedback resistor  312  and feedback capacitor  310 , although other configurations can be employed. For example, feedback resistor  312  can be replaced by a switched capacitor resistor in order to minimize a parasitic capacitance effect that can be caused by a variable feedback resistor. Touch node electrode  302  can be coupled to the inverting input (−) of operational amplifier  308 . An AC voltage source  306  (Vac) can be coupled to the non-inverting input (+) of operational amplifier  308 . Touch sensor circuit  300  can be configured to sense changes (e.g., increases) in the total self-capacitance  304  of the touch node electrode  302  induced by a finger or object either touching or in proximity to the touch sensor panel. Output  320  can be used by a processor to determine the presence of a proximity or touch event, or the output can be inputted into a discrete logic network to determine the presence of a proximity or touch event. 
       FIG. 3B  illustrates an exemplary touch sensor circuit  350  corresponding to a mutual-capacitance drive line  322  and sense line  326  and sensing circuit  314  according to examples of the disclosure. Drive line  322  can be stimulated by stimulation signal  306  (e.g., an AC voltage signal). Stimulation signal  306  can be capacitively coupled to sense line  326  through mutual capacitance  324  between drive line  322  and the sense line. When a finger or object  305  approaches the touch node created by the intersection of drive line  322  and sense line  326 , mutual capacitance  324  can change (e.g., decrease). This change in mutual capacitance  324  can be detected to indicate a touch or proximity event at the touch node, as described herein. The sense signal coupled onto sense line  326  can be received by sensing circuit  314 . Sensing circuit  314  can include operational amplifier  308  and at least one of a feedback resistor  312  and a feedback capacitor  310 .  FIG. 3B  illustrates a general case in which both resistive and capacitive feedback elements are utilized. The sense signal (referred to as Vin) can be inputted into the inverting input of operational amplifier  308 , and the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier can be coupled to a reference voltage Vref. Operational amplifier  308  can drive its output to voltage Vo to keep Vin substantially equal to Vref, and can therefore maintain yin constant or virtually grounded. A person of skill in the art would understand that in this context, equal can include deviations of up to 15%. Therefore, the gain of sensing circuit  314  can be mostly a function of the ratio of mutual capacitance  324  and the feedback impedance, comprised of resistor  312  and/or capacitor  310 . The output of sensing circuit  314  Vo can be filtered and heterodyned or homodyned by being fed into multiplier  328 , where Vo can be multiplied with local oscillator  330  to produce Vdetect. Vdetect can be inputted into filter  332 . One skilled in the art will recognize that the placement of filter  332  can be varied; thus, the filter can be placed after multiplier  328 , as illustrated, or two filters can be employed: one before the multiplier and one after the multiplier. In some examples, there can be no filter at all. The direct current (DC) portion of Vdetect can be used to determine if a touch or proximity event has occurred. Note that while  FIGS. 3A-3B  indicate the demodulation at multiplier  328  occurs in the analog domain, output Vo may be digitized by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and blocks  328 ,  332  and  330  may be implemented in a digital fashion (e.g.,  328  can be a digital demodulator,  332  can be a digital filter, and  330  can be a digital NCO (Numerical Controlled Oscillator). 
     Referring back to  FIG. 2 , in some examples, touch screen  220  can be an integrated touch screen in which touch sensing circuit elements of the touch sensing system can be integrated into the display pixel stack-ups of a display. The circuit elements in touch screen  220  can include, for example, elements that can exist in LCD or other displays (LED display, OLED display, etc.), such as one or more pixel transistors (e.g., thin film transistors (TFTs)), gate lines, data lines, pixel electrodes and common electrodes. In a given display pixel, a voltage between a pixel electrode and a common electrode can control a luminance of the display pixel. The voltage on the pixel electrode can be supplied by a data line through a pixel transistor, which can be controlled by a gate line. It is noted that circuit elements are not limited to whole circuit components, such as a whole capacitor, a whole transistor, etc., but can include portions of circuitry, such as only one of the two plates of a parallel plate capacitor. 
       FIG. 4A  illustrates touch screen  400  with touch electrodes  404  and  406  arranged in rows and columns according to examples of the disclosure. Specifically, touch screen  400  can include a plurality of touch electrodes  404  disposed as rows, and a plurality of touch electrodes  406  disposed as columns. Touch electrodes  404  and touch electrodes  406  can be on the same or different material layers on touch screen  400 , and can intersect with each other, as illustrated in  FIG. 4A . In some examples, the electrodes can be formed on opposite sides of a transparent (partially or fully) substrate and from a transparent (partially or fully) semiconductor material, such as ITO, though other materials are possible. Electrodes displayed on layers on different sides of the substrate can be referred to herein as a double-sided sensor. In some examples, touch screen  400  can sense the self-capacitance of touch electrodes  404  and  406  to detect touch and/or proximity activity on touch screen  400 , and in some examples, touch screen  400  can sense the mutual capacitance between touch electrodes  404  and  406  to detect touch and/or proximity activity on touch screen  400 . 
     Although  FIG. 4A  illustrates touch electrodes  404  and touch electrodes  406  as rectangular electrodes, in some examples, other shapes and configurations are possible for row and column electrodes. For example, in some examples, some or all row and column electrodes can be formed from multiple touch electrodes formed on one side of substrate from a transparent (partially or fully) semiconductor material. The touch electrodes of a particular row or column can be interconnected by coupling segments and/or bridges. Row and column electrodes formed in a layer on the same side of a substrate can be referred to herein as a single-sided sensor. For example, as described in more detail below (e.g., in  FIG. 6 ), row and column electrodes can have a diamond architecture in which a plurality of diamond-shaped touch electrodes (touch electrodes having diamond shapes) are arranged to form rows and a plurality of diamond-shaped touch electrodes are arranged to form columns. 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates touch screen  402  with touch node electrodes  408  arranged in a pixelated touch node electrode configuration according to examples of the disclosure. Specifically, touch screen  402  can include a plurality of individual touch node electrodes  408 , each touch node electrode identifying or representing a unique location on the touch screen at which touch or proximity (i.e., a touch or proximity event) is to be sensed, and each touch node electrode being electrically isolated from the other touch node electrodes in the touch screen/panel, as previously described. Touch node electrodes  408  can be on the same or different material layers on touch screen  402 . In some examples, touch screen  402  can sense the self-capacitance of touch node electrodes  408  to detect touch and/or proximity activity on touch screen  402 , and in some examples, touch screen  402  can sense the mutual capacitance between touch node electrodes  408  to detect touch and/or proximity activity on touch screen  402 . 
     As described herein, in some examples, touch electrodes of the touch screen can be formed from a metal mesh.  FIG. 5A  illustrates an example touch screen stack-up including a metal mesh layer according to examples of the disclosure. Touch screen  500  can include a substrate  509  (e.g., a printed circuit board) upon which display LEDs  508  can be mounted. In some examples, the LEDs  508  can be partially or fully embedded in substrate  509  (e.g., the components can be placed in depressions in the substrate). Substrate  509  can include routing traces in one or more layers (e.g., represented by metal layer  510  in  FIG. 5A ) to route the LEDs to display driving circuitry (e.g., display driver  234 ). The stack-up of touch screen  500  can also include one or more passivation layers deposited over the LEDs  508 . For example, the stack-up of touch screen  500  illustrated in  FIG. 5  can include a passivation layer  507  (e.g., transparent epoxy) and passivation layer  517 . Passivation layers  507  and  517  can planarize the surface for respective metal mesh layers. Additionally, the passivation layers can provide electrical isolation (e.g., between metal mesh layers and between the LEDs and a metal mesh layer. Metal mesh layer  516  (e.g., copper, silver, etc.) can be deposited on the planarized surface of the passivation layer  517  over the display LEDs  508 , and metal mesh layer  506  (e.g., copper, silver, etc.) can be deposited on the planarized surface of passivation layer  507 . In some examples, the passivation layer  517  can include material to encapsulate the LEDs to protect them from corrosion or other environmental exposure. Metal mesh layer  506  and/or metal mesh layer  516  can include a pattern of conductor material in a mesh pattern described below. Additionally, although not shown in  FIG. 5A , a border region (e.g., a region that is not visible to a user) around the display active area can include metallization (or other conductive material) that may not be a metal mesh pattern. In some examples, metal mesh is formed of a non-transparent material but the metal mesh wires are sufficiently thin and sparse to appear transparent to the human eye. The touch electrodes (and some routing) as described herein can be formed in the metal mesh layer(s) from portions of the metal mesh. In some examples, polarizer  504  can be disposed above the metal mesh layer  506  (optionally with another planarization layer disposed over the metal mesh layer  506 ). Cover glass (or front crystal)  502  can be disposed over polarizer  504  and form the outer surface of touch screen  500 . It is understood that although two metal mesh layers (and two corresponding planarization layers) are illustrated, in some examples more or fewer metal mesh layers (and corresponding planarization layers) can be implemented 
       FIG. 5B  illustrates a top view of a portion of touch screen  500  according to examples of the disclosure. The top view shows metal mesh  520  (e.g., a portion of metal mesh layer  506 ) together with LEDs  508  of touch screen  500 . The LEDs can be arranged in groups of three proximate LEDs, including a red LED (e.g., red LED  524 ), a green LED (e.g., green LED  526 ), and a blue LED (e.g., blue LED  528 ), to form standard red-green-blue (RGB) display pixels. Although primarily described herein in terms of an RGB display pixel, it is understood that other touch pixels are possible with different numbers of LEDs and/or different color LEDs. The metal mesh can be formed of conductors (e.g., metal mesh wires) disposed in a pattern to allow light to pass (at least vertically) through the gaps in the mesh (e.g., the LEDs  508  can be disposed in the LED layer opposite openings in the metal mesh disposed in the metal mesh layer(s)  506  and/or  516 ). In other words, the conductors of metal mesh layer can be patterned so that conceptually flattening the metal mesh layer and LEDs into the same layer, the conductors and the LEDs do not overlap. In some examples, the metal mesh wires in the metal mesh layer may overlap (at least partially) some of the LEDs  508 , but may be thin enough or sparse enough to not obstruct a human&#39;s view of the LEDs. 
       FIG. 5B  includes example metal mesh unit  522  (shown in bold) including an example display pixel and corresponding metal mesh unit (shown in bold). Example unit  522  includes a display pixel with a red LED  524 , a green LED  526 , and a blue LED  528 . The corresponding metal mesh can be formed of conductive material  530  (e.g., a metallic conductor such as copper, silver, etc.) disposed in the metal mesh layer around the perimeter of the LEDs (optionally with some space between the LED and the metal material in the plane of the touch screen). The metal mesh can, in some examples, form a rectangular shape (or other suitable shape including polygonal shapes, etc.) around each of the LEDs, as illustrated in  FIG. 5B . The pattern of LEDs forming the display pixels can be repeated across the touch screen to form the display. During fabrication, the metal mesh in the example unit  522  can repeat across the touch screen to form a touch screen with uniform optical characteristics. It should be understood that the arrangement of LEDs and the corresponding metal mesh are merely an example, and other arrangements of LEDs and corresponding metal mesh patterns are possible. 
     For example,  FIG. 5C  illustrates a top view of a portion of touch screen  500  in a diamond pattern according to examples of the disclosure. The top view shows metal mesh  540  (e.g., a portion of metal mesh layer  506 ) together with LEDs  508  of touch screen  500 . The LEDs can be arranged in groups of three proximate LEDs, including a red LED (e.g., red LED  544 ), a green LED (e.g., green LED  546 ), and a blue LED (e.g., blue LED  548 ), to form standard red-green-blue (RGB) display pixels. Although primarily described herein in terms of an RGB display pixel, it is understood that other touch pixels are possible with different numbers of LEDs and/or different color LEDs. The metal mesh can be formed of conductors (e.g., metal mesh wires) disposed in a pattern to allow light to pass (at least vertically) through the gaps in the mesh (e.g., the LEDs  508  can be disposed in the LED layer opposite openings in the metal mesh disposed in the metal mesh layer(s)  506  and/or  516 ). In other words, the conductors of metal mesh layer can be patterned so that conceptually flattening the metal mesh layer(s) and LEDs into the same layer, the conductors and the LEDs do not overlap. In some examples, the metal mesh wires in the metal mesh layer may overlap (at least partially) some of the LEDs  508 , but may be thin enough or sparse enough to not obstruct a human&#39;s view of the LEDs. The metal mesh  540  can formed in a diamond pattern around LEDs arranged in a diamond configuration. 
     As described herein, the touch electrodes and/or routing can be formed from the metal mesh. To form the electrically isolated touch electrodes or electrically isolated groups of touch electrodes (e.g., groups of touch electrodes forming row electrodes or column electrodes), the metal mesh can be cut (e.g., chemically or laser etched, among other possibilities) to form a boundary between two adjacent touch electrodes, between two adjacent routing traces or between a routing trace and adjacent touch electrode. The cut in the metal mesh can electrically isolate the metal mesh forming a first touch electrode (or first group of touch electrodes) from the metal mesh forming a second touch electrode (or second group of touch electrodes). Similarly, cuts to the metal mesh can be made to electrically isolate the metal mesh forming a first touch electrode from a first routing trace or to electrically isolate the first routing trace from a second routing trace. 
     As mentioned above, in some examples, a touch screen can include row electrodes and/or column electrodes formed from multiple touch electrodes having a diamond architecture.  FIG. 6  illustrates an example touch screen  600  including row and column electrodes according to examples of the disclosure. Touch screen  600  illustrated in  FIG. 6  includes row electrodes  602  formed of diamond-shaped touch electrodes  602 ′ and column electrodes  604  formed of diamond-shaped touch electrodes  604 ′. Touch electrodes near the perimeter of touch screen  600  can be truncated such that the touch electrode is a portion of a diamond-shaped touch electrode (e.g., a half-diamond). The touch electrodes forming a respective row electrode or column electrode can be connected. For example, touch electrodes  602 ′ of a respective row electrode  602  can be connected via conductors  602 ″ (e.g., conductive segments) and touch electrodes  604 ′ of a respective column electrode  604  can be connected via conductors  604 ″ (e.g., bridges). As described herein with respect to  FIGS. 5A-5C , in some examples, row electrodes  602  and column electrodes  604  can be formed of metal mesh. In some examples, the touch electrodes  602 ′ and  604 ′ forming row electrodes  602  and column electrodes  604  can be disposed in a first metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  506 ) and bridging conductors  604 ″ can be formed of metal mesh in a second metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  516 ), and can be coupled to the touch electrodes  604 ′ in the first metal mesh layer (e.g., by a via). In some examples, a conductor  604 ″ may be a wire bond or other bridge formed without using a second metal mesh layer. 
     Touch screen  600  can include row electrodes  602  and column electrodes  604  disposed over a display. In some examples, row electrodes  602  and column electrodes  604  can overlap the display such that the touch electrodes overlay the active area  610  (visible area) of the display (indicated by the dashed line). In some examples, the touch electrodes may cover more or less than the active area  610 . In some examples, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , row electrodes  602  and column electrodes  604  can be routed to touch sensing circuitry (e.g., touch controller  206 ) via routing traces in the border region  620  outside of active area  610 . For example, routing traces  606  in the left hand side of border region  620  can route row electrodes  602  from the active area to the bottom side of border region  620  and routing traces  608  in the bottom side of border region  620  can route column electrodes  604  from the active area to the bottom side of border region  620 . In some examples, the routing traces  606  and  608  can terminate in bond pads for a flexible circuit. It is understood that  FIG. 6  represents one implementation of routing traces and that other implementations are possible. For example, row electrodes  602  can additionally or alternatively be routed via optional routing traces  606 ′ (in the right hand side of border region  620 ) and column traces can be additionally or alternatively routed from the top side of border region  620  (via optional routing traces, not shown). Additionally, in some examples, the routing traces  606  can terminate on the left hand side of the border area in bond pads. Although  FIG. 6  illustrates touch screen  600  as including six row electrodes and five column electrodes, it is understood that touch screen  600  can include different numbers of row electrodes and/or column electrodes. 
     In some examples, the border region (e.g., border region  620 ) of a touch screen can be reduced by routing some (or all) of the traces within the active area (e.g., active area  610 ) of a touch screen.  FIG. 7  illustrates an example touch screen  700  with some routing traces routed within the active area according to examples of the disclosure. Touch screen  700  can include row electrodes  702  and column electrodes  704  overlaid over active area  710  (e.g., corresponding to row electrodes  602 , column electrodes  604 , and active area  610 ). Although  FIG. 7  illustrates touch screen  700  as including six row electrodes and five column electrodes, it is understood that touch screen  700  can include different numbers of row electrodes and/or column electrodes. Some row electrodes  702  can be routed via routing traces  706  in border region  720  and column electrodes  704  can be routed via routing traces  708  in the border region  720  (e.g., corresponding to routing traces  606 ,  608  in border region  620 ). Unlike in touch screen  600  in  FIG. 6 , however, in touch screen  700  of  FIG. 7 , some row electrodes  702  can be routed via routing traces  712  disposed at least partially (or entirely) within active area  710 . For example,  FIG. 7  illustrates a touch sensor panel including four row electrodes  702 A- 702 D with routing traces  712  disposed in active area  710  (not in the left hand side of border region  720 ) and two row electrodes with routing traces not disposed in active area  710  (disposed in the left hand side of border region  720 ). In some examples, the routing can also be mirrored on the right hand side of touch screen  700 . It should be understood that the touch screen can include a different number of row electrodes with routing in the active area and a different number of row electrodes with routing outside the active area. 
     By using routing traces  712  within the active area  710 , the border region can be reduced. For example, the width of the left hand side of border region  720  (labeled “W” in  FIG. 7 ) can be reduced with respect to the width of the left hand side of border region  620  (labeled “W” in  FIG. 6 ). In a similar manner the right hand side of border region  720  can be reduced compared with the right hand side of border region  620  by routing some of the routing traces in active area  710 . Although not illustrated in  FIG. 7 , in some examples, the border on the top and bottom can also be reduced by moving some routing traces for column electrodes  704  at least partially within the active area  710 . 
     To make space for routing traces  712  in active area  710  (in the same metal mesh later as the row electrodes), some touch electrodes of row electrodes along the edge of active area  710  can be reduced in size. In some examples, to make space for routing traces  712  in active area  710  some touch electrodes of a column electrode proximate to the edge of active area  710  can be reduced in size.  FIG. 8  illustrates a portion of a touch screen  700  including some routing traces routed within the active area according to examples of the disclosure. For example,  FIG. 8  includes touch electrodes  802 A- 802 F (e.g., corresponding to left-most touch electrodes  702 ′ in  FIG. 7 ) and corresponding routing traces  804 A- 804 F (e.g., corresponding to routing traces  706 ,  712 ). Routing traces  804 A and  804 B corresponding to touch electrodes  802 A and  802 B can be routed in border region  820  and routing traces  804 C- 804 F corresponding to touch electrodes  802 C- 802 F can be routed in active area  810 . To accommodate routing traces  804 C- 804 F, touch electrodes  802 D- 802 F can be shaved to reduce their size (e.g., by removing metal mesh in corresponding regions to form routing traces). For example, touch electrode  802 F can have an offset ΔX 3  from the left hand side of active area  810 , touch electrode  802 E can have an offset ΔX 2  from the left hand side of active area  810 , and touch electrode  802 D can have an offset ΔX 1  from the left hand side of active area  810 , where ΔX 1 &lt;ΔX 2 &lt;ΔX 3 . Touch electrode ΔX 2  can have an offset of zero, such that touch electrode  802 C can be the same size offset as touch electrodes  802 A and  802 B. As a result of non-zero offsets, touch electrodes  802 D- 802 F can, in some examples, have a smaller area. In some examples, touch electrode  802 C can also have a non-zero offset. Although not shown in  FIG. 8  (but shown in  FIG. 7 ), the touch electrode of a column electrode closest to the left hand side of active area  810  can also be shaved down, in some examples, to accommodate the routing traces in the active area (formed in the same metal mesh layer). 
     As described herein, some routing traces (e.g., routing traces  804 C- 804 F) can be disposed in the active area and some routing traces (e.g., routing traces  804 A and  804 B) can be disposed in the border region. In some examples, a row electrode within a threshold distance of a (bottom) edge of the active area can be routed by routing traces in the active area, and a row electrode outside of the threshold distance can be routed in the border region. For example, row electrodes corresponding to touch electrodes  802 C- 802 F can have offsets ΔY 0-3  respectively that can be less than the threshold distance from the bottom edge of the active area (the edge proximate to the termination of the routing traces in the bottom side of the border region). Thus, routing traces with longer paths (that can negatively impact the routing trace impedance) can be disposed in the border region where the width of the routing trace can be increased (to counteract the increased impedance due to trace length). Routing traces with shorter paths can have narrower routing traces and can be disposed in the active area (where the narrowness of the routing trace least impacts the touch performance due to minimal shaving of the touch electrodes). As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the widths (W 1  and W 2 ) of routing traces  804 A and  804 B can be greater than the widths (W 3 -W 6 ) of routing traces  804 C- 804 F. In some examples, routing traces  804 A and  804 B can have the same width (W 1 =W 2 ). In some examples, routing traces  804 A and  804 B can have different widths (W 1 !=W 2 ). For example, the width of routing trace  804 A can be greater than the width of routing trace  804 B due to the relatively longer path length of routing trace  804 A compared with routing trace  804 B (W 1 &gt;W 2 ). In a similar manner, in some examples, the width of the routing traces in the active area can be the same width (W 3 =W 4 =W 5 =W 6 ) or different widths. In some examples, the widths of the routing traces in the active area can decrease the closer the respective touch electrode is to the bottom edge (edge proximate to termination of the routing traces) of the active area (W 3 &gt;W 4 &gt;W 5 &gt;W 6 ). 
     In some examples, the number of routing traces in the border region and the number of routing traces in the active area (or the threshold distance) can determined based on a tradeoff between impedance performance and border region size. For example, increasing the number of active area routing traces can reduce the border region size. However, increasing the number of active area routing traces can also increase the routing trace impedance as the distance to the row electrodes increases (due to the relative narrowness of active area traces over border area traces). As a result, the maximum routing trace impedance can increase for shorter active area routing traces compared with longer border region routing traces. In some examples, empirical data can be used to optimize the number of routing traces in the active area (to reduce the border width) such that the maximum routing trace impedance is minimized for the routing traces. 
     As described herein, the touch electrodes and routing traces in the active area can be formed of metal mesh.  FIG. 9A  illustrates example routing traces and touch electrodes according to examples of the disclosure, including touch electrodes and routing traces in the active area formed from metal mesh (in the same metal mesh layer). As an alternative to the rectangular metal mesh illustrated in  FIG. 5B , in some examples, the metal mesh can also be formed in a diamond pattern (or other polygonal-shaped pattern) as shown in  FIG. 5C . As illustrated in  FIG. 9A , touch electrodes  902 B,  902 C and  902 D (e.g., corresponding to  802 B,  802 C and  802 D, respectively) can be formed from metal mesh wires forming diamond shapes. In addition to forming touch electrodes  902 B,  902 C and  902 D from metal mesh, routing traces in the active area can also be formed from the metal mesh. For example, routing traces  904 C and  904 D in the active area can be formed from metal mesh. In some examples, routing traces in the border region (e.g., routing traces  904 A and  904 B) can be formed from conductors other than metal mesh. In some examples, routing traces formed in the border area can also be formed of metal mesh. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 9A , routing traces  904 C and  904 D can have a width of two “metal mesh wire paths” (including the pitch distance spacing therebetween) such that the metal mesh wires form a closed diamond shape (or other polygonal shape). For example, an imaginary vertical line bisecting routing trace  904 C or  904 D can be viewed as providing two unique “metal mesh wire paths,” each metal mesh wire path capable of providing an electrical coupling path. By using two metal mesh wire paths (effectively doubling number of metal mesh wires forming the routing trace), the effective impedance of the routing trace can be reduced. In some examples, the routing trace can be separated by cuts or electrical discontinuities in the metal mesh wires between the routing traces. 
       FIG. 9B  illustrates example metal mesh routing traces  914 C and  914 D according to examples of the disclosure that can correspond to a magnified view of a portion of routing traces  904 C and  904 D. As shown in  FIG. 9B , routing traces  914 C and  914 D can have a width of two metal mesh wire paths (including the pitch distance therebetween). In some examples, the routing traces  914 C and  914 D can be separated by a width of one metal mesh wire path (and associated pitch distance). In some examples, the metal mesh forming the one metal mesh wire path between the routing traces can be removed entirely (e.g., the dashed line representing the metal mesh wire path can be removed entirely). In some examples, the routing trace can be separated by cuts or electrical discontinuities in the metal mesh wires between the routing traces without entirely removing the metal mesh wire path between the routing traces. In some examples, the spacing between routing traces can be more than the width of one metal mesh wire path. 
     Although a width of two metal mesh wire paths (forming a closed polygonal shape are shown in  FIGS. 9A-9B ), it should be understood that a different width is possible. For example, the width can be one metal mesh wire path (e.g., half of the routing trace illustrated in  FIGS. 9A-9B , bisected by the imaginary vertical line) or more than two metal mesh wire paths (e.g., 3, 4, etc.). For example,  FIG. 9C  illustrates example metal mesh routing traces  924 C and  924 D according to examples of the disclosure that can be routed in the active area to touch electrodes. As shown in  FIG. 9C , routing traces  924 C and  924 D can have a width of one metal mesh wire path. In some examples, the routing traces  924 C and  924 D can be separated by a width of one metal mesh wire path in a similar manner as described above with respect to  FIG. 9B . 
     Additionally, although the width of routing traces is uniform for each routing trace illustrated in  FIGS. 9A-9C , it should be understood that in some examples, the width may not be uniform. For example, as described above, in some example, the further a row electrode is from the bottom edge of the active area, the wider the routing trace can be. Additionally, although the width of routing traces is uniform for the length of the routing traces illustrated in  FIG. 9A-9C , it should be understood that the width could vary within the active area (or outside the active area). For example, the width can be two metal mesh wire paths in a first region of the active area and can be more or less than two metal mesh wire paths in a second region of the active area. Additionally, although the two metal mesh wire paths are shown together (adjacent paths forming closed polygonal shapes) in  FIGS. 9A-9B , it should be understood that metal mesh wire paths for a given touch electrode can be separated (e.g., spaced to form non-adjacent metal mesh wire paths), but remain electrically connected (e.g., at the touch electrode and/or in the border region). 
     In some examples, the width (and arrangement) of the metal mesh wires forming the routing traces in the active area can be optimized. For example, the width of the metal mesh wires (the number of metal mesh wires) can be tradeoff between the routing trace impedance and the impact on touch sensor performance. For example, increasing the width of the routing trace (or number of metal mesh wires) can reduce the impedance of the routing trace. However, increasing the width of the routing trace (or number of metal mesh wires) can require more shaving of the metal mesh forming touch electrodes (to make space for the wider routing traces in the same metal mesh layer). More shaving the metal mesh touch electrodes can reduce the optical uniformity of the touch screen and can reduce uniformity of the touch signal measured at edges of the touch screen. 
     Referring back to  FIGS. 6 and 7 , touch screens  600  and  700  including row and column electrodes formed of diamond-shaped touch electrodes (or a portion of a diamond along the edges of the touch screen). In some examples, one or more of the diamond-shaped touch electrodes can include a ground (or other potential) electrode or a floating electrode. For example, the ground or floating electrodes can be regions of conductive material positioned within a larger touch electrode (e.g., in the same metal mesh layer), and resistively isolated from the touch electrode. In some examples, the touch electrode, the ground electrode and the floating electrode can be formed of metal mesh with the ground electrode and/or floating electrode isolated from the touch electrode by cuts or electrical discontinuities in the metal mesh wires forming the touch electrode. In some examples, the ground or floating electrodes can be formed of other conductive materials/films (e.g., ITO or other electrical conductors, transparent or otherwise, rather than metal mesh). In some examples, row electrodes can include one or more ground electrodes in one or more of its touch electrodes, and column electrodes can include one or more floating electrodes in one or more of its touch electrodes. In some examples, column electrodes can include one or more ground electrodes in one or more of its touch electrodes, and row electrodes can include one or more floating electrodes in one or more of its touch electrodes. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates an example touch screen  1000  including row and column electrodes according to examples of the disclosure. Touch screen  1000  includes row electrodes  1002  and column electrodes  1004  formed of diamond-shaped touch electrodes (e.g., similar to touch screens  600  and  700 ). One or more of the diamond-shaped touch electrodes in rows electrodes  1002  can include a ground (or other potential) electrode(s)  1014 A and  1014 B. One or more of the diamond-shaped touch electrodes in column electrodes  1004  can include a floating electrode  1022 . In some examples, the ground electrodes embedded within the touch electrodes can be electrically coupled together and to a ground routing trace  1018  (e.g., in border region  1020 ). For example, ground electrodes  1014 A and  1014 B can be coupled via bridge  1016 B (illustrated as a diamond), and ground electrode  1014 B can be coupled to ground routing trace  1018  via bridge  1016 A. Bridges  1016 A and/or  1016 B can be formed in a different layer than the metal mesh layer in which touch electrodes are formed, in some examples. In some examples, bridges  1016 A and/or  1016 B can be coupled via metal layer  510  in or proximate to substrate  509 . In some examples, touch electrodes forming row electrodes  1002 , column electrodes  1004 , ground electrodes  1014 A- 1014 B, and floating electrodes  1022  can be disposed in a first metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  506 ) and bridges  1016 A and/or  1016 B can be formed of metal mesh in a second metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  516 ), and can be coupled to the ground electrodes in the first metal mesh layer. In some examples, bridges between the active area and the border region can be partially formed of metal mesh (e.g., in the active area) and partially formed of non-metal mesh conductors (e.g., in the border region). 
       FIG. 11  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a bridge between a ground electrode and a ground routing trace according to examples of the disclosure. Ground electrode  1102  can correspond to a ground electrode  1014 B, ground routing trace  1104  can correspond to ground routing trace  1018 , and row electrode routing trace(s)  1106  can correspond to one or more row electrode routing traces  1006  (e.g., in border region  1020 ) and/or  1012  (e.g., in active area  1010 ). Ground electrode  1102 , ground routing trace  1104 , and row electrode routing traces  1106  can be disposed in the same layer of metal mesh (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  506 ) and/or other conductive material (e.g., in the border region). Bridge  1108  can correspond to bridge  1016 B. Bridge  1108  can bypass the one or more row electrode routing trace(s)  1106 , and can electrically couple ground electrodes embedded in the row electrodes, such as ground electrode  1002 , to ground routing trace  1104 . In some examples, bridge  1108  can be formed of metal mesh in a second metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  516 ), and can be coupled to ground electrodes (and routing traces) formed in the first metal mesh layer (e.g., by vias). In a similar manner, bridges between ground electrodes  1014 A and  1014 B (e.g., corresponding to bridge  1016 A) can be formed in the second metal mesh layer to couple ground electrodes formed in the first metal mesh layer. 
     In some examples, rather than reducing the size of some touch electrodes of row electrodes along the edge of the active area, some (or all) of the routing traces for row electrodes can be disposed within the active area of a touch screen in another layer.  FIG. 12  illustrates an example touch screen  1200  including routing traces routed within the active area according to examples of the disclosure. Touch screen  1200  can include row electrodes  1202  and column electrodes  1204  overlaid over active area  1210  (e.g., corresponding to row electrodes  1202 , column electrodes  1204 , and active area  1210 ). Although  FIG. 12  illustrates touch screen  1200  as including six row electrodes and five column electrodes, it is understood that touch screen  1200  can include different numbers of row electrodes and/or column electrodes. Unlike in touch screen  600  in  FIG. 6 , in touch screen  1200  of  FIG. 12 , some row electrodes  1202  can be routed via routing traces  1206  disposed at least partially (or entirely) within active area  1210 . For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 12 , all illustrated row electrodes  1202  can be routed via routing traces  1206 . In some examples, the routing can also be mirrored on the right hand side of touch screen  1200  such that the row electrodes  1202  can also be routed by routing traces  1206 ′. Although  FIG. 12  illustrates all row electrodes  1202  routed via routing traces in the active area, it should be understood that in some examples, some row electrodes  1202  can be routed via routing traces in border region  1220  (e.g., as illustrated in  FIG. 13 ). For example, routing traces within a threshold distance of the (bottom) edge of the active area can be routed by routing traces in the active area, and a row electrode outside of the threshold distance can be routed in the border region (e.g., due to the increased impedance associated with longer routing traces). 
     Routing traces  1206  within the active area  1210  can be formed from metal mesh. For example, row electrodes  1202  (and column electrodes  1204 ) can be formed in a first metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  506 ) and routing traces  1206  can be formed in a second metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  516 ). Routing some or all of the row electrodes in the active area can allow for reducing the border region by removing the routing for some or all of the row electrodes from the border region. For example, the width of the left hand side of border region  1220  (labeled “W” in  FIG. 12 ) can be reduced with respect to the width of the left hand side of border region  620  (labeled “W” in  FIG. 6 ). In a similar manner the right hand side of border region  1220  can be reduced compared with the right hand side of border region  620  by routing some or all of the routing traces in active area  1210 . Additionally, because routing traces  1206  can be formed of metal mesh over active area  1210 , touch electrodes of row electrodes along the edge of the active area may not be reduced in size (e.g., in contrast to the illustration of reducing touch electrode size in  FIGS. 7 and 8 ). 
     In some examples, routing traces  1206  can have a width of two “metal mesh wire paths” (including the pitch distance spacing therebetween) such that the metal mesh wires form a closed diamond shape (or other polygonal shape), as illustrated in  FIG. 9B . It should be understood that a different width is possible. For example, the width can be one metal mesh wire path as illustrated in  FIG. 9C . In some examples, the width of routing traces can be the same for each routing trace. In some examples, the width of routing traces may not be uniform. For example, the further a row electrode is from the (bottom) edge of the active area, the wider the routing trace can be. In some examples, the width of routing traces can be uniform or non-uniform for the length of the routing traces (e.g., the width can be two metal mesh wire paths in a first region of the active area and can be more or less than two metal mesh wire paths in a second region of the active area). 
     Although routing traces  1206  (and  1206 ′) are shown at or near (within a threshold distance of) the edges of active area  1210 , it should be understood that the routing trace to a respective row electrode can be coupled to a non-edge touch electrode of a row electrode. For example, dashed circles  1250  in  FIG. 12  can represent an additional or alternative point of coupling of routing traces to touch electrodes of respective row electrodes. 
     In some examples, a touch screen including routing traces in the active area as described with respect to  FIG. 12  can also include ground and/or floating electrodes (e.g., similar to touch screen  1000  of  FIG. 10 ).  FIG. 13  illustrates an example touch screen  1300  including row and column electrodes according to examples of the disclosure. Touch screen  1300  includes row electrodes  1302  and column electrodes  1304  formed of diamond-shaped touch electrodes. One or more of the diamond-shaped touch electrodes in rows electrodes  1302  can include a ground (or other potential) electrode(s)  1314 A and  1314 B. One or more of the diamond-shaped touch electrodes in column electrodes  1304  can include a floating electrode  1322 . In some examples, the ground electrodes embedded within the touch electrodes can be coupled together and to a ground routing trace  1318  (e.g., in border region  1320 ). For example, ground electrodes  1314 A and  1314 B can be coupled via bridge  1316  (illustrated as a diamond), and ground electrode  1314 B can be coupled to ground routing trace  1318 . Bridges  1316  can be formed in a different layer than the metal mesh, in some examples. In some examples, bridges  1316  can be coupled via metal layer  510  in or proximate to substrate  509 . In some examples, touch electrodes forming row electrodes  1302 , column electrodes  1304 , ground electrodes  1314 A- 1314 B, and floating electrodes  1322  can be disposed in a first metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  506 ) and bridges  1316  can be formed of metal mesh in a second metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  516 ), and can be coupled to the ground electrodes in the first metal mesh layer. 
     In addition, some row electrodes  1302  (or all row electrodes as illustrated in  FIG. 12 ) can be routed in active area  1310  by routing traces  1312  formed of metal mesh in a second metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  516 ), and can be coupled to the row electrodes in the first metal mesh layer (e.g., by a via). In some examples, some of row electrodes  1302  can be routed by routing traces  1306  in border region  1320 . In some examples, a connection between a routing trace  1306  in the border region  1320  and a row electrode  1302  in active region  1310  can be made via a bridge  1307  over ground routing trace  1318 . In some examples, bridge  1307  can be formed in a metal layer (e.g., metal layer  510 ) or at least partially in a metal mesh layer (e.g., metal mesh layer  516 ). In some examples, bridges between the active area and the border region (e.g., such as bridges  1307 ) can be partially formed of metal mesh (e.g., in the active area) and partially formed of non-metal mesh conductors (e.g., in the border region). 
       FIG. 14  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a row electrode routing trace over a ground electrode in the active area according to examples of the disclosure. Ground electrode  1406  can correspond to a ground electrode  1314 B, and row touch electrode  1404  can correspond a touch electrode of a row electrode  1302 . Ground electrode  1406  and row touch electrode  1404  can be disposed in the same layer of metal mesh (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  506 ) in the active region. Bridge  1408  can correspond to at least part of a row touch electrode routing trace  1312  in the active area. Bridge  1408  can bypass one (or more) ground electrodes  1406  in the active area (and can couple to additional routing outside of the active area). In some examples, bridge  1408  can be formed of metal mesh in a second metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  516 ), and can be coupled to row touch electrodes formed in the first metal mesh layer (e.g., by vias). In a similar manner, bridges between ground electrodes  1314 A and  1314 B (e.g., corresponding to bridge  1316 ) can be formed in the second metal mesh layer to couple ground electrodes formed in the first metal mesh layer. 
       FIG. 15  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a bridge between a row touch electrode and a row electrode routing trace in a border region (over a ground routing trace) according to examples of the disclosure. Ground routing trace  1504  can correspond to ground routing trace  1318 , row electrode routing trace  1506  can correspond to one or more row electrode routing traces  1306  and row touch electrode  1502  can correspond to a touch electrode of a row electrode  1302 . Ground routing trace  1504 , row touch electrode  1502 , and row electrode routing trace  1506  can be disposed in the same layer of metal mesh (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  506 ) and/or other conductive material (e.g., in the border region). Bridge  1508  can correspond to bridge  1307 . Bridge  1508  can bypass ground routing trace  1504  (and, in some examples, one or more row electrode routing trace(s)), and can couple the row electrodes to a row electrode routing trace, such as row touch electrode  1502  to row electrode routing trace  1506 . In some examples, bridge  1508  can be formed of metal mesh in a second metal mesh layer (e.g., corresponding to metal mesh layer  516 ), and can be coupled to row touch electrode  1502  formed in the first metal mesh layer (e.g., by vias) and/or to row electrodes routing trace  1506  in the border area. 
     Although  FIGS. 7 and 10 , for example, illustrate reducing the size of one or more metal mesh touch electrodes to enable active area row electrode routing in the same metal mesh layer, and  FIGS. 12 and 13 , for example, illustrate active area row electrode routing in a different metal mesh layer, it should be understood that the features of these figures are not mutually exclusive. For example, some row electrodes can be routed by active area routing traces (e.g., to the bottom border region) in the same metal mesh layer as the row electrodes (e.g., by reducing the size of one or more touch electrodes) and some row electrodes can be routed by active area routing traces in a different metal mesh layer than the row electrodes. In some examples, reducing the size of one or more metal mesh touch electrodes can be implemented to improve manufacturing yield when the impact on touch performance by reducing the size of one or more metal touch electrodes is within the design/application specification (e.g., less than a threshold). In some examples, routing in the active area without reducing the size of one or more touch electrodes can be employed where the impact on touch performance by reducing the size of one or more metal touch electrodes is outside the design/application specification (e.g., greater than a threshold). 
     Therefore, according to the above, some examples of the disclosure are directed to a touch screen. The touch screen can comprise: a display having an active area and row electrodes disposed over the active area of the display. A first row electrode of the row electrodes can be a first distance from a first edge of the display perpendicular to the row electrodes, and a second row electrode of the row electrodes can be a second distance, different from the first distance, from the first edge of the display. The touch screen can further comprise a first routing trace coupled to the first row electrode disposed in the active area of the display; and a second routing trace coupled to the second row electrode disposed in a border region around the active area of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, a first plurality of the row electrodes including the second row electrode can be at the first distance from the first edge. One routing trace corresponding to one of the first plurality of row electrodes can be disposed in the active area of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the touch screen can further comprise a plurality of routing traces disposed in the active area of the display, each of the plurality of routing traces coupled to a corresponding one of a plurality of the row electrodes. Each of the plurality of row electrodes can be at different distances from the first edge. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first row electrode can comprise a plurality of coupled touch electrodes having diamond shapes. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can cross from the active area of the display to the border region over a second edge of the display perpendicular to the first edge of the display. The first row electrode can be less than a threshold distance from the second edge. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the second row electrode can be greater than the threshold distance from the second edge of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the second routing trace can be wider than the first routing trace. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the second routing trace can be longer than the first routing trace. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can be formed from metal mesh. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can comprise metal mesh wires forming at least two paths from the first row electrode. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can comprise metal mesh wires forming polygonal shapes in the active area. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace and the second routing trace can be formed in a common layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first row electrode can comprise a plurality of coupled touch electrodes having a ground electrode disposed within. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the ground electrode of a first of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes and the ground electrode of a second of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes can be coupled together by a bridge. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the ground electrode of a first of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes can be coupled to a ground electrode in the border region via a bridge bypassing the first routing trace. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the plurality of coupled touch electrodes having the ground electrode disposed within can be formed in a first metal mesh layer and the bridge can be formed at least partially in a second metal mesh layer different from the first metal mesh layer. 
     Some examples of the disclosure are directed to a touch screen. The touch screen can comprise: a display having an active area; row electrodes disposed over the active area of the display formed in a first metal mesh layer; and a first routing trace coupled to a first row electrode of the row electrodes. The first routing trace can be disposed in the active area of the display, and the first routing trace can be formed in a second metal mesh layer different from the first metal mesh layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the touch screen can further comprise: a second routing trace coupled to a second row electrode, the second routing trace disposed in a border region around the active area of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can cross from the active area of the display to the border region over a first edge of the display and the second routing trace can cross from the active area of the display to a border region over a second edge of the display perpendicular to the first edge of the display. The second row electrode can be greater than a threshold distance from the first edge. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first row electrode can be less than the threshold distance from the first edge of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace coupled to a first row electrode of the row electrodes can be a first distance from the second edge of the display perpendicular to the row electrodes, and a third routing trace coupled to a third row electrode of the row electrodes can be a second distance from the second edge of the display different from the first distance. The third routing trace can be disposed in the active area of the display and the third routing trace can be formed in the second metal mesh layer different from the first metal mesh layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first row electrode can comprise a plurality of coupled touch electrodes having diamond shapes. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, a first plurality of the row electrodes including the first row electrode can be coupled to a plurality of routing traces including the first routing trace to corresponding touch electrodes of the first plurality of row electrodes within a first distance from a first edge of the display. The plurality of routing traces including the first routing trace can be disposed in the active area of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can be narrower than the second routing trace. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can be shorter than the second routing trace. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can comprise metal mesh wires forming at least two paths from the first row electrode. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can comprise metal mesh wires forming polygonal shapes in the active area. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace and the second routing trace can be formed in different layers. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first row electrode can comprise a plurality of coupled touch electrodes having a ground electrode disposed within. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the ground electrode of a first of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes and the ground electrode of a second of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes can be coupled together by a bridge in the second metal mesh layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the ground electrode of a first of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes can be coupled to a ground electrode in the border region in the first metal mesh layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the row electrodes can comprise a plurality of coupled touch electrodes having a ground electrode disposed within. One of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes can be coupled to a corresponding routing trace the border region via a bridge bypassing a ground electrode in the border region. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the bridge bypassing the ground electrode in the border region can be disposed at least partially in the second metal mesh layer. 
     Some examples of the disclosure are directed to a device. The device can comprise an energy storage device, communication circuitry, and a touch screen. The touch screen can comprise: a display having an active area; row electrodes disposed over the active area of the display formed in a first metal mesh layer; and a first routing trace coupled to a first row electrode of the row electrodes. The first routing trace can be disposed in the active area of the display, and the first routing trace can be formed in a second metal mesh layer different from the first metal mesh layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the touch screen can further comprise: a second routing trace coupled to a second row electrode, the second routing trace disposed in a border region around the active area of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can cross from the active area of the display to the border region over a first edge of the display and the second routing trace can cross from the active area of the display to a border region over a second edge of the display perpendicular to the first edge of the display. The second row electrode can be greater than a threshold distance from the first edge. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first row electrode can be less than the threshold distance from the first edge of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace coupled to a first row electrode of the row electrodes can be a first distance from the second edge of the display perpendicular to the row electrodes, and a third routing trace coupled to a third row electrode of the row electrodes can be a second distance from the second edge of the display different from the first distance. The third routing trace can be disposed in the active area of the display and the third routing trace can be formed in the second metal mesh layer different from the first metal mesh layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first row electrode can comprise a plurality of coupled touch electrodes having diamond shapes. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, a first plurality of the row electrodes including the first row electrode can be coupled to a plurality of routing traces including the first routing trace to corresponding touch electrodes of the first plurality of row electrodes within a first distance from a first edge of the display. The plurality of routing traces including the first routing trace can be disposed in the active area of the display. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can be narrower than the second routing trace. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can be shorter than the second routing trace. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can comprise metal mesh wires forming at least two paths from the first row electrode. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace can comprise metal mesh wires forming polygonal shapes in the active area. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first routing trace and the second routing trace can be formed in different layers. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the first row electrode can comprise a plurality of coupled touch electrodes having a ground electrode disposed within. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the ground electrode of a first of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes and the ground electrode of a second of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes can be coupled together by a bridge in the second metal mesh layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the ground electrode of a first of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes can be coupled to a ground electrode in the border region in the first metal mesh layer. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the row electrodes can comprise a plurality of coupled touch electrodes having a ground electrode disposed within. One of the plurality of coupled touch electrodes can be coupled to a corresponding routing trace the border region via a bridge bypassing a ground electrode in the border region. Additionally or alternatively to one or more of the examples disclosed above, in some examples, the bridge bypassing the ground electrode in the border region can be disposed at least partially in the second metal mesh layer. 
     Although examples of this disclosure have been fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of examples of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20201009
Publication Date: 20220920
Grant Date: 20220920
Priority Date: 20191111
Inventors: GOGTE, Ashray Vinayak
BLONDIN, Christophe
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F3/04164", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0412", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0448", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/044", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0448", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04111", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04112", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04103", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0446", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0443", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04112", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0412", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04112", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04107", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04107", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04111", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04111", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0412", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0448", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0446", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04112", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 75846566