PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-9461357-B2
Application Number: US-201514956799-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Antenna on sapphire structure

Abstract:
An antenna on a sapphire structure. The antenna includes a sapphire structure having a first side, and a second side positioned opposite the first side. The antenna also includes a first antenna trace positioned on the first side of the sapphire structure, and a second antenna trace positioned on the second side of the sapphire structure. Additionally, the antenna includes at least one via formed through the sapphire structure. The at least one via electrically connects the first antenna trace to the second antenna trace.

Claims:
We claim: 
     
       1. An electronic device comprising:
 an enclosure; 
 a display positioned at least partially within the enclosure; 
 a communication system positioned within the enclosure 
 a sapphire structure positioned above the display and comprising;
 an antenna positioned on a side of the sapphire structure facing the display, the antenna operatively coupled to the communication system; and 
 a decorative layer formed on the side of the sapphire structure. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the sapphire structure includes at least two sidewalls having a C-plane crystallographic plane orientation. 
     
     
       3. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the side of the sapphire structure has an M-plane crystallographic plane orientation. 
     
     
       4. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the antenna includes a loop pattern. 
     
     
       5. The electronic device of  claim 4 , wherein the antenna includes:
 a first contact line including a first contact pad; and 
 a second contact line including a second contact pad, the second contact line distinct from the first contact line. 
 
     
     
       6. The electronic device of  claim 5 , wherein the antenna is operatively coupled to the communication system by the first and second contact pads. 
     
     
       7. The electronic device of  claim 1 , further comprising a grounding layer positioned proximate to the antenna. 
     
     
       8. An electronic device comprising:
 an enclosure formed from a conductive material and defining an opening; 
 a sapphire structure positioned over the opening; and 
 an antenna coupled to the sapphire structure on a surface that faces the enclosure; and 
 an ink layer deposited on the sapphire structure in a region proximate to the antenna. 
 
     
     
       9. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the antenna is a trace formed on the surface of the sapphire structure. 
     
     
       10. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the enclosure includes multiple internal components positioned within an internal cavity of the enclosure. 
     
     
       11. The electronic device of  claim 10 , further comprising a display positioned within the opening of the enclosure. 
     
     
       12. The electronic device of  claim 10 , wherein the ink layer masks the antenna and a window aligned with an internal component of the electronic device. 
     
     
       13. The electronic device of  claim 10 , wherein the multiple internal components includes a communication system that is operatively coupled to the antenna. 
     
     
       14. The electronic device of  claim 13 , wherein the communication system includes a wireless communication system configured to send and receive data. 
     
     
       15. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the antenna is a trace formed on the surface of the sapphire structure. 
     
     
       16. A method of forming an antenna on a sapphire structure, the method comprising:
 depositing a conductive material on a side of the sapphire structure to form the antenna; and 
 depositing a decorative layer on the side of the sapphire structure in a region proximate to the antenna. 
 
     
     
       17. The method of  claim 16 , further comprising:
 depositing a ground element on the side of the sapphire structure, adjacent the antenna. 
 
     
     
       18. The method of  claim 16 , wherein the depositing of the conductive material on the side of the sapphire structure includes one of:
 screen printing the conductive material on the side of the sapphire structure, 
 sputtering the conductive material on the side of the sapphire structure, or 
 etching the conductive material on the side of the sapphire structure. 
 
     
     
       19. The method of  claim 16 , further comprising patterning the deposited conductive material to form an antenna trace on the side of the sapphire structure.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation patent application of U.S. Non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/178,623, filed Feb. 12, 2014, and titled “Antenna on Sapphire Structure,” the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The disclosure relates generally to electronic devices, and more particularly, to electronic device antennas formed on sapphire structures and methods for forming the antennas on sapphire structures. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Conventional electronic devices typically include a plurality of wireless communication systems for transmitting data. For example, where the electronic device includes a cellular telephone, the device may include variety of wireless communication systems including: a cellular communication system, a local area communication system, a Wifi system, a Bluetooth system and a near field communication (NFC) system. These conventional wireless communication systems typically include antennas used to transmit data. That is, the wireless communication systems included within the electronic device typically rely on antennas to send and receive information or data specific to the wireless communication system utilizing the antenna. As a result of conventional electronic devices including a plurality of wireless communication systems, the electronic device may typically include a plurality of antennas, distinct to each wireless communication system. 
     For example, most conventional electronic devices include NFC systems, which allow electronic devices to wirelessly share and/or transmit data to distinct electronic devices. That is, the NFC system allows the wireless sharing of data between electronic devices that are contacting or within close proximity to one another. Conventional NFC systems utilize flexible printed circuits (FPC) in combination with coil antennas for transmitting the data between electronic devices. The FPC typically include multiple layers, that are laminated together, to electrically couple the antennas and/or other components of the NFC system included on the FPC. Additionally, the FPC typically includes a layer of ferrite material positioned adjacent the FPC to prevent interference between the antenna of the FPC and other components of the electronic device. As a result of the laminated, multi-layer construction of the FPC, and the inclusion of a layer of ferrite material, the FPC can occupy a large amount of space within the housing of the electronic device. 
     Additionally, the FPC used in conventional NFC systems typically lack structural integrity. That is, the FPC include substantially flexible properties, which adds further processing and/or operational risks when utilizing an FPC in an NFC system of an electronic device. For example, when installing an FPC in an electronic device, the FPC may require additional components to substantially fix the FPC within the housing of the electronic device. As such, the components used to fix the FPC may require even more space within the housing of the electronic device. Additionally, where the FPC is loosened or floating within the housing of the electronic device, undesirable flexion of the FPC may disconnect the FPC from other components of the electronic device, or may disrupt the connection of the components (e.g., antenna) on the PFC. 
     SUMMARY 
     Generally, embodiments discussed herein are related to electronic device antennas formed on sapphire structures and methods for forming the antennas on sapphire structures. The antenna may include antenna traces formed on distinct sides of a sapphire structure, where the respective traces are in electronic communication with one another by a plurality of vias formed in the sapphire structure or through doping the sapphire structure. By utilizing a sapphire structure to form the antenna of a wireless communication system in an electronic device, the overall size of the antenna may be substantially reduced. That is, as single sapphire structure may be used to form the antenna. By reducing the size of the antenna, the space required for the antenna within the enclosure of the electronic device may also be substantially reduced, and may allow more space within the enclosure for other components of the electronic device (for example, providing additional space for a battery). 
     Additionally, the sapphire structure of the antenna may include a custom configuration (e.g., shape). As a result of the custom configuration, the antenna may be placed in a variety of places within the enclosure of the electronic device and/or may include an increased area for the antenna. Furthermore, by forming the antenna on the sapphire structure, where the sapphire structure is substantially rigid, the antenna may be more easily fixed within the enclosure of the electronic device and/or may substantially prevent disconnection of the antenna from other components of the electronic device and/or disruption of the traces on the sapphire structure. 
     One embodiment may include an antenna. The antenna may be formed on, or include, a sapphire structure having a first side, and a second side positioned opposite the first side. The antenna may also include a first antenna trace positioned on the first side of the sapphire structure, and a second antenna trace positioned on the second side of the sapphire structure. Additionally, the antenna may include at least one via formed through the sapphire structure. The at least one via may electrically couple the first antenna trace to the second antenna trace. 
     A further embodiment may include an electronic device. The electronic device may include a enclosure, and an antenna coupled to the enclosure. The antenna may include: a sapphire structure, a first antenna trace positioned on the sapphire structure, and a second antenna trace positioned on sapphire structure opposite the first antenna trace. The first antenna trace may be electrically coupled to the second antenna trace. 
     Another embodiment may include a method of forming an antenna on a sapphire structure. The method may include providing a sapphire structure. The provided sapphire structure may include: a first side, and a second side positioned opposite the first side. The method may also include depositing a conductive material on the first side of the sapphire structure to form a first antenna trace, and depositing the conductive material on the second side of the sapphire structure to form a second antenna trace. Additionally, the method may include electrically coupling the first antenna trace of the sapphire structure to the second antenna trace of the sapphire structure. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The disclosure will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural elements, and in which: 
         FIG. 1A  shows an illustrative plane view of an antenna formed on a sapphire structure, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 1B  shows an illustrative bottom view of the antenna formed on the sapphire structure of  FIG. 1A , according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  shows an illustrative cross-sectional side view of the antenna of  FIG. 1A  along line  2 - 2 . The antenna of  FIG. 2  is formed on a sapphire structure, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  shows an illustrative cross-sectional side view of an antenna formed on a sapphire structure, according to alternative embodiments. 
         FIG. 4  shows an illustrative perspective view of an electronic device utilizing an antenna, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 5  shows an illustrative cross-sectional plane view of the electronic device of  FIG. 4  along line  5 - 5 . The electronic device in  FIG. 5  includes an antenna, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 6  shows an illustrative cross-sectional plane view of the electronic device of  FIG. 4  along line  5 - 5 . The electronic device in  FIG. 6  includes an antenna, according to alternative embodiments. 
         FIG. 7A  shows an illustrative front view of the electronic device of  FIG. 4 . The electronic device in  FIG. 7A  includes a portion of an antenna, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 7B  shows an illustrative back view of an interior surface of the electronic device of  FIG. 4 . The electronic device in  FIG. 7B  includes a portion of an antenna, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 8  shows an illustrative front view of the electronic device of  FIG. 4 . The electronic device in  FIG. 8  includes a portion of an antenna covered by a decorative layer, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 9  shows a flow chart illustrating a method for forming an antenna on a sapphire structure. This method may be performed on the antenna including the sapphire structure as shown in  FIGS. 1A-3 . 
     
    
    
     It is noted that the drawings of the invention are not necessarily to scale. The drawings are intended to depict only typical aspects of the invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. In the drawings, like numbering represents like elements between the drawings. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to representative embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following descriptions are not intended to limit the embodiments to one preferred embodiment. To the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as can be included within the spirit and scope of the described embodiments as defined by the appended claims. 
     The following disclosure relates generally to electronic devices, and more particularly, to electronic device antennas formed on sapphire structures and methods for forming the antennas on sapphire structures. 
     In a particular embodiment an antenna may include electrical traces formed on distinct sides of a sapphire structure, where the respective traces are in electronic communication with one another through one or more vias formed in the sapphire structure or through doping the sapphire structure. By utilizing a sapphire structure to form the antenna of a wireless communication system in an electronic device, the overall size of the antenna may be substantially reduced. That is, a single sapphire structure may be used to form the antenna. By reducing the size of the antenna, the required space for the antenna within the enclosure of the electronic device may also be substantially reduced, and may allow more space within the enclosure for other components of the electronic device (such as a battery, electrical circuit or other component). Additionally, the sapphire structure of the antenna may include a custom configuration, such as a custom shape. As a result of the custom configuration, the antenna may be placed in a variety of places within the enclosure of the electronic device and/or may include an increased area for the antenna. Furthermore, by forming the antenna on the sapphire structure, where the sapphire structure is substantially rigid, the antenna may be more easily fixed within the enclosure of the electronic device and/or may substantially prevent disconnection of the antenna from other components of the electronic device and/or disruption of the traces on the sapphire structure. 
     One sample, non-limiting antenna may include a sapphire structure including: a first side, and a second side positioned opposite the first side. The antenna may also include a first antenna trace positioned on the first side of the sapphire structure, and a second antenna trace positioned on the second side of the sapphire structure. Additionally, the antenna may include at least one via formed through the sapphire structure. The at least one via may electrically couple the first antenna trace to the second antenna trace. 
     A sample, non-limiting electronic device may include an enclosure, and an antenna coupled to the enclosure. The antenna may include: a sapphire structure, a first antenna trace positioned on the sapphire structure, and a second antenna trace positioned on sapphire structure opposite the first antenna trace. The first antenna trace may be electrically coupled to the second antenna trace. 
     A sample, non-limiting method forming an antenna on a sapphire structure may include providing a sapphire structure. The provided sapphire structure may include: a first side, and a second side positioned opposite the first side. The method may also include depositing a conductive material on the first side of the sapphire structure to form a first antenna trace, and depositing the conductive material on the second side of the sapphire structure to form a second antenna trace. Additionally, the method may include electrically coupling the first antenna trace of the sapphire structure to the second antenna trace of the sapphire structure. 
     These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to  FIGS. 1-8 . However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these Figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 1A and 1B  a plane and bottom view, respectively, of one example of an antenna  100  on a sapphire structure  102  is shown. Sapphire structure  102  may include a pre-cut piece of artificially grown corundum. That is, sapphire structure  102 , as shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B  may include a custom configured portion of sapphire, formed from a large, artificially grown piece of corundum. The artificially grown corundum used to form sapphire structure  102  may be grown using any conventional growth process including, but not limited to: hydrothermal growth; vertical horizontal gradient freezing (“VHGF”); edge-defined film-fed growth (“EFG”); horizontal moving growth (e.g., Bridgman growth); and Kyropoulos growth. 
     Sapphire structure  102  may include a first side  104  ( FIG. 1A ) and a second side  106  ( FIG. 1B ) positioned opposite or adjacent first side  104 . Sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100 , as shown in  FIG. 1B , may illustrate second side  106  by flipping or turning sapphire structure  102  including first side  104  of  FIG. 1A  about axis A. In a non-limiting example, as shown in  FIG. 1A , first side  104  may include a top surface for sapphire structure  102 , and second side  106  of  FIG. 1B  may include a bottom surface of sapphire structure  102 , where the top surface and bottom surface are positioned opposite one another on sapphire structure  102 . However, first side  104  and second side  106  may include other portions of sapphire structure  102 . For example, in alternative embodiments, first side  104  and/or second side  106  may include adjacent/opposite sidewalls  108 ,  110 , a top or bottom surface and sidewall  108 ,  110 , and any other combination of portions making up sapphire structure  102 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , sapphire structure  102  may also include a plurality of plane orientations for the surfaces of sapphire structure  102 . More specifically, each of the surfaces of sapphire structure  102  may be in alignment with a crystallographic plane orientation determined by the formation of sapphire structure  102 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 1A , sidewalls  108  of sapphire structure  102  may include an A-plane crystallographic orientation, while sidewalls  110  may include a C-plane crystallographic orientation. The crystallographic plane orientation of sapphire structure  102  used to form antenna  100  may affect the properties of antenna  100 . That is, depending upon the crystallographic plane orientation of sapphire structure  102 , the physical properties for antenna  100  may be distinct. In a non-limiting example, sapphire structure  102  may include first side  104  in an M-plane crystallographic plane orientation. As a result of first side being formed in an M-plane crystallographic plane orientation, sapphire structure  102  may include a substantially strong or rigid structure that may not be susceptible to deformation (for example, twisting). As such, and as discussed herein, because of sapphire structures  102  substantially rigid structure, sapphire structure may include a substantially reduced thickness compared to conventional antenna components. 
     It is understood that corundum (e.g., sapphire) is an anisotropic material. As a result, the crystallographic orientation of the surfaces of components made from corundum or sapphire (e.g., sapphire structure  102 ) may affect the physical properties and/or material characteristics (e.g., strength, ductility, elasticity) of the component. Additionally, the crystallographic orientation of sapphire structure  102  may also affect the electrical properties (e.g., radio-frequency (RF) properties, RF field) of the wireless communication system utilizing antenna  100 , as discussed herein. It is also understood that the crystallographic orientation of the various surfaces may be dependent on the growing processes used for creating the corundum of sapphire structure  102  and/or the cutting process for forming sapphire structure  102  from the corundum. For example, the corundum from which sapphire structure  102  is formed may be grown using an EFG growth process. In the growth process, the seed crystal may include a plane orientation to yield corundum that may allow for specific, desired planes (e.g., C-plane, A-plane) to be utilized in components formed from the corundum (e.g., sapphire structure  102 ). By knowing the orientation of the seed crystal used in the EFG growth process, and ultimately knowing the crystallographic orientation of the grown corundum, manufactures can cut the corundum in a specific direction to form components with surfaces having specific plane crystallographic orientations, or substantially desirable plane crystallographic orientations. 
     Antenna  100  may include a first antenna trace  112  positioned on sapphire structure  102 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 1A , first antenna trace  112  of antenna  100  may be positioned on first side  104  of sapphire structure  102 . First antenna trace  112  may for one or more loops on first side  104  of sapphire structure  102 . That is, first antenna trace  112  positioned on first side  104  of sapphire structure  102  may include a multi-loop pattern  114 . In a non-limiting example, as shown in  FIG. 1A , first antenna trace  112  may include six (6) loops of conductive material for forming a portion of antenna  100 . It is understood that first antenna trace  112 , as shown in  FIG. 1A  is merely exemplary, and in other embodiments first antenna trace  112  may include a single loop pattern or a plurality of loops of conductive material for forming antenna  100 . The conductive material forming first antenna trace  112  may include any material including electrically conductive properties including, but not limited to: copper, aluminum and indium tin oxide (ITO). 
     As shown in  FIG. 1A , first antenna trace  112  of antenna  100  may include a first end  116  and second end  118  positioned opposite first end  116 . More specifically, first end  116  may be positioned substantially within and/or may be substantially surrounded by the multi-loop pattern  114  of first antenna trace  112 , and may be positioned adjacent the center of sapphire structure  102 . Second end  118  may be positioned substantially outside of multi-loop pattern  114  of first antenna trace  112 . Second end  118  may also be positioned adjacent or within proximity of an exposed edge  120  of sapphire structure  102 . As shown in  FIG. 1A , first end  116  and second end  118  may not be aligned on first side  104  of sapphire structure  102 . That is, and as discussed herein, first end  116  and second end  118  of first antenna trace  112  may be separated to not interfere with additional connection points of antenna  100  used to couple and/or electrically connect antenna  100  to the wireless communication system utilizing antenna  100  and/or additional components of the electronic device (see,  FIG. 4 ) including antenna  100 . 
     Antenna  100  may also include a ground element  122  positioned on first side  104  of sapphire structure  102 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 1A , ground element  122  may be positioned on first side  104 , substantially adjacent to and/or surrounding first antenna trace  112 . Ground element  122  may be positioned adjacent sidewalls  108 ,  110  of sapphire structure  102 , and may include at least one break or opening  124  to form exposed edge  120  of sapphire structure  102 . That is, ground element  122  may substantially surround first antenna trace  112 , but may include opening  124  to form exposed edge  120 , where second end  118  of first antenna trace  112  may be positioned within opening  124  of ground element  122 , proximate to exposed edge  120 . As discussed herein, ground element  122  of antenna  100  may be electrically coupled to the electronic device (see,  FIG. 4 ) for substantially grounding antenna  100  during operation within the electronic device. 
     Turning to  FIG. 1B , antenna  100  may also include a second antenna trace  126  positioned on sapphire structure  102  opposite first antenna trace  112 . That is, second antenna trace  126  may be positioned on second side  106  of sapphire structure  102 , opposite first antenna trace  112  positioned on first side  104 . Second antenna trace  126  may include two distinct lines of a conductive material formed on second side  106 . More specifically, second antenna trace  126  may include a first contact line  128  including a first contact pad  130 , and a second contact line  132  including a second contact pad  134 , wherein second contact line  132  is distinct from first contact line  128 . As shown in  FIG. 1B , first contact pad  130  and second contact pad  134  may be positioned substantially adjacent to exposed edge  120  of sapphire structure  102 . That is, first contact pad  130  and second contact pad  134  may be positioned within opening  124 ′ formed in ground element  122 ′ of second side  106 , adjacent to exposed edge  120 . As shown in  FIG. 1B , ground element  122 ′ may be positioned on second side  106  of sapphire structure  102 , adjacent and/or substantially surrounding second antenna trace  126 . Ground element  122 ′ and opening  124 ′ of second side  106  may be substantially similar to ground element  122  and opening  124  of first side  104 . As such, redundant explanation of these components is omitted for clarity. 
     First contact pad  130  and second contact pad  134  may be separated by a distance equal to the distance separating first end  116  and second end  118  of first antenna trace  112 , as shown in  FIG. 1A . As discussed herein, first contact pad  130  and second contact pad  134  may be configured to electrically connect antenna  100  to the wireless communication system utilizing antenna  100  and/or additional components of the electronic device (see, for example,  FIG. 4 ). That is, and as discussed herein, first contact pad  130  and second contact pad  134  of second antenna trace  126  may contact distinct components, circuitries or systems that may utilize antenna  100  during the operation of the electronic device (see, for example,  FIG. 4 ). 
     The conductive material forming first contact line  128  and second contact line  132  of second antenna trace  126  may include any material including electrically conductive properties similar to the conductive material used to form first antenna trace  112 . That is, the conductive material used to form second antenna trace  126  may include, but is not limited to: copper, aluminum and indium tin oxide (ITO). The conductive material used to form first antenna trace  112  (see,  FIG. 1A ) and second antenna trace  126  of antenna  100  may be the same material or distinct materials. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1B , first contact line  128  may include an end  136  positioned opposite first contact pad  130 , and second contact line  132  may include an end  138  positioned opposite second contact pad  134 . As discussed herein, end  136  of first contact line  128  may be in substantial alignment with first end  116  of first antenna trace  112  (see,  FIG. 1A ) through sapphire structure  102 . Additionally, end  138  of second contact line  132  may be in substantial alignment with second end  118  of first antenna trace  112  (see,  FIG. 1A ) through sapphire structure  102 , as discussed herein. 
     Turning to  FIG. 2 , a cross-sectional side view of sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100  along line  2 - 2  of  FIG. 1A  is shown. As shown in  FIG. 2 , antenna  100  may also include at least one via  140 ,  142  formed through sapphire structure  102 . A first via  140  and a second via  142  (shown in phantom) may be formed through sapphire structure  102  to electrically couple first antenna trace  112  to second antenna trace  126 . First via  140  may be formed through sapphire structure  102  to electrically couple first end  116  of first antenna trace  112  and end  136  of first contact line  128  of second antenna trace  126 . That is, where first end  116  of first antenna trace  112  and end  136  of first contact line  128  of second antenna trace  126  are in substantial alignment, first via  140  may be formed through sapphire structure  102 , in alignment with first end  116  and end  136 , to electrically coupled first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126 . First via  140  may be filled with a conductive material to electrically coupled first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 2 , first via  140  may be filled with the same conductive material used to form first antenna trace  112  and/or second antenna trace  126 , to electrically couple first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126 . 
     Second via  142  (shown in phantom) may be formed through sapphire structure  102  substantially adjacent to exposed edge  120  of sapphire structure  102 . More specifically, second via  142  may be formed through sapphire structure  102  to electrically couple second end  118  of first antenna trace  112  and end  138  of second contact line  132  of second antenna trace  126 . End  138  of second contact line  132  may be in substantial alignment with second end  118  of first antenna trace  112 . As a result, second via  142  may be formed through sapphire structure  102 , in alignment with second end  118  and end  138 , to electrically couple first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126 . As similarly discussed with respect to first via  140 , second via  142  may be filled with the conductive material to electrically coupled first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , by electrically coupling first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126  using vias  140 ,  142 , first antenna trace  112  may also be electrically coupled to first contact pad  130  and second contact pad  134 , respectively. That is, by electrically coupling first end  116  to end  136  using first via  140 , and electrically coupling second end  118  to end  138  (see,  FIG. 1B ) by second via  142  (shown in phantom), first antenna trace  112  may be electrically coupled to first contact pad  130  of first contact line  128  and second contact pad  134  of second contact line  132 , respectively. As discussed herein, where antenna  100  is included within an electronic device (see,  FIG. 4 ), the electrical coupling of the first antenna trace  112  to the first contact pad  130  and the second contact pad  134 , respectively, may allow antenna  100  to transmit data to/from the electronic device to/from another electronic device. 
     In another embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 3 , antenna  100  may not include at least one via  140 ,  142 , as discussed herein with respect to  FIG. 2 . It is understood that similarly numbered components may function in a substantially similar fashion. Redundant explanation of these components has been omitted for clarity. As shown in  FIG. 3 , at least a portion of sapphire structure  102  may be substantially doped  144 . More specifically, the areas of sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100  that are positioned between the substantially aligned respective ends (e.g., first end  116 , second end  118 , ends  136 ,  138 ) of first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126  may be substantially doped  144 , to increase conductively between first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126 . That is, dopants may be added to sapphire structure  102  during the formation of antenna  100 , as discussed herein, to dope at least a portion  144  of sapphire structure  102 , such that first antenna trace  112  may be electrically coupled to second antenna trace  126  via the doped areas  144  of sapphire structure  102 . End  116  of first antenna trace  112  may be electrically coupled to end  136  of first contact line  128  of second antenna trace  126  via the doped area  144  of sapphire structure  102  positioned between, and in substantial alignment with first end  116  and end  136 , respectively. Additionally, second end  118  of first antenna trace  112  may be electrically coupled to end  138  of second contact line  132  of second antenna trace  126  via the doped area  144  of sapphire structure  102  positioned between, and in substantial alignment with second end  118  and end  138 , respectively. It is understood that by doping at least a portion sapphire structure  102 , the electrical properties of sapphire structure  102  may be substantial modified. More specifically, the doped areas  144  of sapphire structure  102  may be more electrically conductive and/or may allow electrical current to pass through sapphire structure  102  from the first antenna trace  112  to second antenna trace  126 . 
     Turning to  FIG. 4 , a perspective view of one example of an electronic device  400  including an antenna  100  ( FIGS. 1A and 1B ) is shown. In the illustrated embodiment, electronic device  400  is implemented as a smart telephone. Other embodiments can implement electronic device  400  differently, such as, for example, as a laptop or desktop computer, a tablet computing device, a gaming device, a display, a digital music player, a wearable computing device or display, a health monitoring device, and so on. 
     Electronic device  400  includes an enclosure  402  at least partially surrounding a display  404  and one or more buttons  406  or input devices. Enclosure  402  can form an outer surface or partial outer surface and protective case for the internal components of the electronic device  400 , and may at least partially surround display  404 . Enclosure  402  can be formed of one or more components operably connected together, such as a front piece and a back piece. Alternatively, enclosure  402  can be formed of a single piece operably connected to display  404 . Additionally, enclosure  402  may be formed from a variety of material including, but not limited to: reinforced glass, plastic, artificially grown corundum, and any combination of material. That is, enclosure  402  may be formed from identical or substantially similar sapphire material used to form sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100  (see,  FIGS. 1A and 1B ). 
     Display  404  can be implemented with any suitable technology, including, but not limited to, a multi-touch sensing touchscreen that uses liquid crystal display (LCD) technology, light emitting diode (LED) technology, organic light-emitting display (OLED) technology, organic electroluminescence (OEL) technology, or another type of display technology. Button  406  can take the form of a home button, which may be a mechanical button, a soft button (e.g., a button that does not physically move but still accepts inputs), an icon or image on a display, and so on. Further, in some embodiments, button  406  can be integrated as part of a cover glass of the electronic device. 
     Electronic device  400  may also include a plurality of openings throughout enclosure  402 . The openings in enclosure  402  of electronic device  400  may provide access from external comments of electronic device  400  to internal components. In a non-limiting example, electronic device  400  may include a battery charging port  408  included in enclosure  402 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , battery charging port  408  may be in electronic communication with a battery  410  (see,  FIG. 5 ) of electronic device  400  included within an internal cavity  412  (see,  FIG. 5 ) of enclosure  402 . More specifically, battery charging port  408  may include an aperture formed in enclosure  402 , configured to receive a portion of a charging device (not shown) for charging battery  410 . That is, battery charging port  408  positioned on the exterior of enclosure  402  may be coupled to a charging device, such that the charging device may provide an electric current to electronic device  400  to substantially charge battery  410  positioned within enclosure  402 . 
       FIG. 5  shows a cross-sectional plane view of electronic device  400  along line  5 - 5 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , enclosure  402  of electronic device  400  may substantially surround internal cavity  412  of electronic device  400 . As discussed herein, internal cavity  412  of enclosure  402  may include battery  410  in electronic communication with battery charging port  408  of electronic device  400 . Internal cavity  412  of enclosure  402  may also include a plurality of internal components  414 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 5 , electronic device  400  may include a plurality of internal component  414  that may be positioned within internal cavity  412  of enclosure  402 . The plurality of internal components  414  may include various electronic components and/or systems that provide electronic device  400  with functionality. For example, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the plurality of internal component  414  may include a communication system  416 , that may utilize antenna  100  for transmitting data of electronic device  400 , as discussed herein. The plurality of internal components  414  may also include, but are not limited to: graphic card, processor(s), memory or storage device(s), and sensors. 
     As shown in  FIG. 5 , and discussed herein, electronic device  400  may include antenna  100 . Antenna  100  as shown in  FIG. 5 , may be substantially similar to, and function similarly to antenna  100  discussed herein with respect  FIGS. 1A-3 . As such, redundant explanation is omitted for clarity. Antenna  100  may be coupled to enclosure  402  of electronic device  400 . More specifically, antenna  100  may be positioned within and/or coupled to internal cavity  412  of enclosure  402 , adjacent the plurality of internal component  414  of electronic device  400 . Antenna  100 , as shown in  FIG. 5 , may display second side  106  of sapphire structure  102  including second antenna trace  126 . Second side  106  of sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100  may be positioned adjacent display  404  ( FIG. 4 ) within internal cavity  412  based on the positioning of communication system  416  of electronic device  400 . That is, second side  106  may be positioned adjacent display  404  and visible in  FIG. 5 , rather than first side  104  (see,  FIG. 1A ), based upon the connection terminals  418  of communication system  416 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , first contact pad  130  of first contact line  128 , and second contact pad  134  of second contact line  132  may be electrically coupled to connection terminals  418  of communication system  416  via a plurality of connecters  420 . Antenna  100  may be in electronic communication with communication system  416  to transmit data of electronic device  400 , as discussed herein. Communication system  416  may include any wireless communication that may be included in electronic device  400  for sending/receiving data including, but not limited to: a cellular communication system, a local area communication system, a Wifi system, a Bluetooth system and a near field communication (NFC) system. 
     Sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100  may include a configuration to fit within internal cavity  412  of enclosure  402  of electronic device  400 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 5 , sapphire structure  102  of antenna may include a configuration or shape that may be positioned within a void  421  within internal cavity  412 . Void  421  may include an unoccupied space within internal cavity  412  that does not include a portion of the plurality of internal components  414  of electronic device  400 . As a result, sapphire structure&#39;s  102  configuration or shape may be dependent upon the size of internal cavity  412  and/or the positioning of the plurality of internal components  414  within internal cavity  412  of enclosure  402 . Because sapphire structure&#39;s  102  configuration is dependent on the shape/size of internal cavity  412  and/or the plurality of internal components  414 , sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100  may be substantially customizable and/or may be installed within electronic device  400  subsequent to the installation of the plurality of internal components  414 . The configuration dependency and/or customizable option of sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100  may enable antenna  100  to include a large sapphire structure  102 , and/or larger first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126 , which may ultimately increase the strength of antenna  100 . In a non-limiting example, as shown in  FIG. 6 , sapphire structure  102  may include a substantially polygonal configuration or shape that may fit within void  421  of internal component  414 . More specifically, sapphire structure  102 , may include a non-uniform configuration, that may be positioned within void  421  and may be substantially surround by protrusion  422  formed by the plurality of internal components  414  positioned within internal cavity  412  of enclosure  402 . 
       FIG. 7A  shows a front view of a portion of electronic device  400  including battery charging port  408  and a portion of antenna  100 . As discussed herein, enclosure  402  of electronic device  400  may be made from the same sapphire material (e.g., artificially grown corundum) used to form sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100 . Where enclosure  402  is made from a sapphire material, as shown in  FIG. 7A , enclosure  402  may include an outer surface or protective case for electronic device  400 , and may also provide the sapphire structure  102  ( FIGS. 1A-3 ) for antenna  100 . In an embodiment where enclosure  402  is made from sapphire material and provides sapphire structure  102  for antenna  100 , a portion of antenna  100  may be positioned on enclosure  402  of electronic device  400 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 7A , first antenna trace  112  of antenna  100  may be positioned on an exterior surface  424  of enclosure  402 . Exterior surface  424  of enclosure  402  may be substantially similar to first side  104  of sapphire structure  102 , as discussed herein with respect to  FIG. 1A . As shown in  FIG. 7A , first antenna trace  112  may include multi-loop pattern  114  that may be formed on exterior surface  424  around the openings formed through enclosure  402 . That is, first antenna trace  112  may be formed on exterior surface  424  around battery charging port  408  and additional openings, including connection aperture  426 , and speaker/microphone aperture  427  formed through enclosure  402 . Connection aperture  426  may include an aperture or hole formed through enclosure  402  and configured to receive a fastening component (not shown) to coupled enclosure  402  to internal component  414  and/or couple the various components forming enclosure  402 . 
     Antenna  100  may utilize openings (e.g., battery charging port  408 , connection aperture  426 ) formed in enclosure  402  to act as vias  140 ,  142  (see,  FIG. 2 ) for connecting first antenna trace  112  to second antenna trace  126 . That is, where a portion of antenna  100  is formed on exterior surface  424  of electronic device  400 , antenna  100  may utilize pre-existing openings formed in enclosure  402  for distinct purposes (e.g., charge battery) to also act or be configured as vias for electrically connecting first antenna trace  112  to second antenna trace  126 . As shown in  FIG. 7A , first end  116  of first antenna trace  112  may be positioned within a portion of connection aperture  426 . That is, first end  116  of first antenna trace  112  may be in alignment with connection aperture  426  formed in enclosure  402 . Additionally, as shown in  FIG. 7A , second end  118  of first antenna trace  112  may be positioned within a portion of battery charging port  408  of electronic device  400 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 7A , second end  118  may be in alignment with a portion of battery charging port  408  formed in enclosure  402 . Each of the respective openings (e.g., battery charging port  408 , connection aperture  426 ) formed through enclosure  402  of electronic device  400  may include conductive material formed in the portion of the opening in alignment with the respective ends (e.g., first end  116 , second end  118 ). The conductive material in the respective openings of enclosure  402  may be substantially similar to the conductive material positioned within vias  140 ,  142 , as discussed herein with respect to  FIG. 2 . That is, connection aperture  426  may include conductive material, similar to the conductive material of first antenna trace  112 , positioned through the portion of connection aperture  426  in alignment with first end  116  of first antenna trace  112 , and end  136  of first contact line  128  of second antenna trace  126 , as discussed herein. Additionally, the portion of battery charging port  408  in alignment with second end  118  of first antenna trace  112  and end  138  of second contact line  132  of second antenna trace  126  may include the conductive material. As similarly discussed herein with respect to  FIG. 2 , the conductive material in battery charging portion  408  and connection aperture  426 , respectively, may electrically couple first antenna trace  112  positioned on exterior surface  424  of enclosure  402  and second antenna trace  126  positioned within internal cavity  412  (see,  FIG. 7B ). It is understood that the conductive material positioned within the respective openings (e.g., battery charging port  408 , connection aperture  426 ) formed through enclosure  402  of electronic device  400  may not substantially obstruct the primary function of the openings. That is, the conductive material may only be positioned on a portion of the sidewalls of the respective openings, enough to electrically coupled first antenna trace  112  and second antenna trace  126 , without interfering with the function of the openings with respect to electronic device  400 . 
     It is understood that the multi-loop pattern  114  of first antenna trace  112  formed on enclosure  402  may include any pattern that forms a continuous trace of conductive material between first end  116  and second end  118 . That is, first antenna trace  112  may include multi-loop pattern  114  that may include any customizable configuration or shape for providing an antenna trace for antenna  100 . In another exemplary embodiment, multi-loop pattern  114  of first antenna trace  112  may include a pattern substantially similar to a logo or brand mark of the manufacturer or seller of electronic device  400 . 
       FIG. 7B  shows a back view of the portion of electronic device  400  including battery charging port  408 , as shown in  FIG. 7A . That is,  FIG. 7B  may shows an interior surface  428  of a portion of enclosure  402  of electronic device  400 , positioned adjacent internal cavity  412  of enclosure  402  (see,  FIG. 5 ). Interior surface  428  may be opposite exterior surface  424  of enclosure  402  (see,  FIG. 7A ). As shown in  FIG. 7B , second antenna trace  126  may be positioned on interior surface  428  of enclosure  402 . More specifically, interior surface  428  may include first contact line  128  including first contact pad  130  and end  136 , second contact line  132  including second contact pad  134  and end  138 . Where enclosure  402  may be formed from a sapphire material, interior surface  428  may be substantially similar to second side  106  of sapphire structure  102  of antenna  100 , as discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1B . 
     As shown in  FIG. 7B , end  136  of first contact line  128  may be positioned within a portion of connection aperture  426 , and may be substantially aligned with first end  116  of first antenna trace  112  (see,  FIG. 7A ). That is, end  136  of first contact line  128  positioned on interior surface  428  may be substantially in alignment with first end  116 , and may be electrically coupled to first antenna trace  112  via the conductive material positioned within connection aperture  426 , as discussed herein. Additionally, end  138  of second contact line  132  may be positioned within a portion of battery charging port  408 , and may be substantially aligned with second end  118  of first antenna trace  112  (see,  FIG. 7A ). That is, end  138  of second contact line  132  positioned on interior surface  428  may be substantially in alignment with second end  118 , and may be electrically coupled to first antenna trace  112  via the conductive material positioned within battery charging port  408 . 
     By utilizing existing openings (e.g., battery charging port  408 , connection aperture  426 ) formed in enclosure  402 , antenna  100  may be included on exterior surface  424  of enclosure  402  without requiring additional holes to be formed in enclosure  402  of electronic device  400 . That is, antenna  100  may utilize existing openings in enclosure  402  to perform the primary function of electronic device  400 , and the openings may also include conductive material for electrically coupling first antenna trace  112  to second antenna trace  126  of antenna  100 , without forming openings specific to antenna  100 . With less openings in enclosure  402  of electronic device  400 , electronic device  400  may substantially less susceptible to damage caused by contaminants (e.g., liquids, dust, etc.) entering internal cavity  412  via the openings. 
     Turning to  FIG. 8 , a front view of a portion of electronic device  400  including battery charging port  408  and a portion of antenna  100  is shown. As shown in  FIG. 8 , first antenna trace  112  (shown in phantom) of antenna  100  may be positioned on exterior surface  424  of enclosure  402 , as discussed herein with respect to  FIG. 7A . Additionally, as shown in  FIG. 8 , enclosure  402  may include a decorative layer  430  applied to exterior surface  424  of enclosure  402  including first antenna trace  112  of antenna  100 . Decorative layer  430  may be deposited on enclosure  402  including first antenna trace  112  of antenna  100  to substantially coat enclosure  402  in a uniform material. The decorative layer  430  may also substantially cover first antenna trace  112  of antenna  100  positioned on enclosure  402  to hide or prevent first antenna trace  112  from being visible to a user of electronic device  400 . Decorative layer  430  may include any conventional material that be substantially opaque and substantially heat resistant including, but not limited to: paint, ink, polymer sticker, etc. 
     Turning to  FIG. 9 , a method for forming an antenna  100  on a sapphire structure  102  (see,  FIGS. 1A-3 ) is now discussed. Specifically,  FIG. 9  is a flowchart depicting one sample method  900  for forming antenna  100  on sapphire structure  102  as discussed herein with respect to  FIGS. 1A-3 . 
     In operation  902 , a sapphire structure may be provided. The sapphire structure provided may include a first side, and a second side positioned opposite to the first side. As discussed herein, the provided sapphire structure may include a customized or unique shape or configuration. The configuration or shape of the provided sapphire structure may be dependent upon the dimensions of the space within an electronic device which the antenna may be positioned and/or the size of the components positioned adjacent the antenna within the electronic device. 
     In operation  904 , a conductive material may be deposited on the first side of the sapphire structure to form a first antenna trace. The conductive material may be deposited directly on the first side of the sapphire structure without an intermediate layer. The depositing of the conductive material on the first side may be performed using a plurality of deposition techniques. More specifically, the depositing of the conductive material may include, but is not limited to: screen printing the conductive material on the first side of the sapphire structure, sputtering the conductive material on the first side of the sapphire structure, etching the conductive material on the first side of the sapphire structure, or any combination of deposition techniques discussed herein. The depositing of the conductive material to form the first antenna trace may also include patterning the deposited conductive material. As discussed herein, the first antenna trace may include a multi-loop pattern formed on the first side of the sapphire structure. The multi-loop pattern of the first antenna trace may be formed by performing a patterning process on the conductive material deposited on the first side of the sapphire structure for the antenna. In a non-limiting example, the patterning process may include performing a photolithography process on the first side of the sapphire structure using a photomask which includes the multi-loop pattern of the first antenna trace. 
     In operation  906 , a conductive material may be deposited on the second side of the sapphire structure to form a second antenna trace. The conductive material may be deposited directly on the second side of the sapphire structure using similar deposition techniques discussed above with respect to operation  904 . The depositing of the conductive material to form the second antenna trace may include depositing the conductive material to form a first contact line and a second contact line. More specifically, operation  906  may include depositing the conductive material to form the first contact line that may include: an end in substantial alignment with a first end of the first antenna trace, and a first contact pad that may electrically couple the antenna with a communication system utilizing the antenna, as discussed herein. Additionally, operation  906  may include depositing the conductive material to form the second contact line that may include: an end in substantial alignment with a second end of the first antenna trace, and a second contact pad that may also electrically couple the antenna with the communication system utilizing the antenna, as discussed herein. 
     Intermediate steps may also be performed in forming an antenna using the sample method  900  as depicted in  FIG. 9 . For example, the intermediate steps of depositing a ground element to the first side and the second side of the sapphire structure may be performed. More specifically, a first ground element may be deposited on the first side of the sapphire structure, adjacent the first antenna trace, and a second ground element may be deposited on the second side of the sapphire structure, adjacent the second antenna trace. The depositing of the first ground element and second ground element may be performed before or after operation  904  and/or operation  906 . That is, the depositing of the first ground element may be performed before or after the depositing of the conductive material on the first side and/or the depositing of the conductive material on the second side. Additionally, the depositing of the second ground element may be performed before or after the depositing of the conductive material on the second side and/or the depositing of the conductive material on the second side. 
     In operation  908 , the first antenna trace of the sapphire structure may be electrically coupled to the second antenna trace of the sapphire structure. More specifically, the first antenna trace formed on the first side of the sapphire structure may be in electronic communication with the second antenna trace formed on the second side of the sapphire structure, opposite the first side. The electrical coupling of the first antenna trace and the second antenna trace may allow the antenna to transmit data to and from the electronic device utilizing the antenna and respective communication systems, as discussed herein. 
     The electrical coupling of the first antenna trace and the second antenna trace in operation  908  may include a plurality of distinct processes and configurations for the antenna. In an embodiment, the electrical coupling of the first antenna trace to the second antenna trace in operation  908  may also include forming at least one via through the sapphire structure of the antenna and depositing a conductive material into the at least one via. The forming of the via and the depositing of the conductive material into the via may be performed before or after operations  904  and/or  906 . As discussed herein, two vias may be formed through the sapphire structure, and each via may be formed in substantially alignment with the actual or anticipated ends of the respective first antenna trace and the second antenna trace. Additionally, as discussed herein, the depositing of the conductive material into the vias that may be in substantial alignment with the ends of the respective first antenna trace and the second antenna trace may electrically couple the antenna traces of the antenna. That is, the conductive material deposited into the vias may contact both the first antenna trace and the second antenna trace and may provide an electrical connection between the first antenna trace and the second antenna trace, as discussed herein. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the electrical coupling in operation  908  may include doping at least a portion of the sapphire structure of the antenna. More specifically, the electrical coupling of the first antenna trace and the second antenna trace of the antenna may include: doping at least the portions of the sapphire structure positioned between the ends of the first antenna trace and the ends of the second antenna trace. As discussed herein with respect to operation  404  and operation  406 , the respective ends of the second antenna trace may be in substantial alignment with the respective ends of the first antenna trace. By doping at least the portions of the sapphire structure positioned between the substantially aligned, respective ends of the first antenna trace and the second antenna trace, the sapphire structure may allow electrical communication between the first antenna trace and the second antenna trace, as discussed herein. 
     In utilizing a sapphire structure to form an antenna, as discussed herein, the manufacturing of the antenna may be simplified. More specifically, by including a sapphire structure in the antenna, the antenna traces may be formed directly on the sapphire structure instead of distinct components. Additionally, because of the sapphire structure&#39;s rigid structural characteristics, the overall height of the antenna may be substantially decreased. That is, only a single, thin, rigid layer of sapphire may be used to form the antenna. The decrease in height may result in additional space within the electronic device utilizing the antenna, and/or may separate the antenna further from other communication devices within the electronic device. The increased separation between the antenna and other components of the electronic device may substantially minimize the risk of antenna causing interference with other components of the electronic device. As such, the use of a ferrite material to block or protect the antenna signal may be substantially eliminated. Furthermore, as a result of the structural characteristics of the sapphire structure, the sapphire structure of the antenna may include a customized or unique shape, that may allow antenna to be placed in different portions of the electronic device and/or allow antenna to include a larger surface area for the antenna traces, without occupying additional space within the electronic device. As a result of the increased surface area for the antenna traces, the signal strength of the antenna may be increased, while the space the antenna occupies in the electronic device decreases. Finally, a portion of the antenna may be formed on the exterior surface of the electronic device, where the electronic device includes a sapphire structure. The antenna formed on the exterior surface of the electronic device may utilize openings formed in the electronic device for distinct functions other than the functions of the antenna. As such, the antenna including a portion formed on the exterior surface of the electronic device may not create more openings within the electronic device, while providing a stronger antenna signal for the electronic device. 
     The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required in order to practice the described embodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of the specific embodiments described herein are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not target to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20151202
Publication Date: 20161004
Grant Date: 20161004
Priority Date: 20140212
Inventors: POPE BENJAMIN J.
MYERS SCOTT A.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H01Q3/44", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/48", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/38", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K3/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "Y10T29/49016", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/243", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q3/26", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/24", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q7/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/38", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/24", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q3/44", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q7/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K3/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/243", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "Y10T29/49016", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q3/26", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 53775752