PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-9552914-B2
Application Number: US-201514716799-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Simultaneous magnetic balancing of two points

Abstract:
This application relates to devices in which magnets are arranged so that an intensity of a magnetic field emitted by the magnets is substantially the same at a position of interest for at least two discrete positions of the magnets. The application describes how this can be achieved even when the discrete positions are different distances from the position of interest by identifying locations at which magnetic material can be added to balance the field intensity for both discrete locations. In some embodiments, this type of configuration can be helpful in accommodating movement of magnets between two common positions. When the magnetic field intensity for the position of interest is set near zero a magnetically sensitive component can be positioned at the point of interest with little or no effect from the magnetic field when the magnets are in any of the discrete positions.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A device, comprising:
 a substrate comprising a first portion configured to rotatably move with respect to a second portion about a hinge line from a first position to a second position; and 
 a magnetic string coupled directly to the first portion and comprising a number of magnets oriented so that adjacent magnets of the magnetic string have polarities oriented in opposite directions, 
 wherein an intensity of a magnetic field emitted by the magnetic string is substantially the same at a fixed location external to the substrate when the first portion is in either the first position or the second position. 
 
     
     
       2. The device as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the fixed location coincides with a location of a magnetically sensitive component disposed within an electronic device to which the device is configured to be attached. 
     
     
       3. The device as recited in  claim 2 , wherein the intensity of the magnetic field at the fixed location is below a threshold at which the magnetically sensitive component is not adversely effected. 
     
     
       4. The device as recited in  claim 2 , wherein the magnets of the magnetic string are arranged in a linear configuration oriented substantially parallel with the hinge line, which separates the first portion from the second portion. 
     
     
       5. The device as recited in  claim 1 , wherein a distance between the magnetic string and the fixed location in the first position is substantially different than a distance between the magnetic string and the fixed location in the second position. 
     
     
       6. The device as recited in  claim 1 , further comprising a balancing magnet coupled to the first portion and offset from the magnetic string, the balancing magnet causing a portion of the magnetic field that coincides with the fixed location to have substantially the same magnetic field strength in both the first position and the second position. 
     
     
       7. The device as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the first portion comprises a rigid segment that keeps substantially all of the first portion in a single plane. 
     
     
       8. The device as recited in  claim 7 , wherein the second portion comprises another rigid segment that cooperates with the rigid segment of the first portion to define the hinge line. 
     
     
       9. An apparatus suitable for attachment to an electrical device, the apparatus comprising:
 a flap, comprising:
 a first portion comprising a rigid segment and a number of magnets oriented in an alternating polarity pattern along the rigid segment, and 
 a second portion separated from the first portion by a hinge line, the first portion pivoting with respect to the second portion along the hinge line, 
 
 wherein an intensity of a magnetic field emitted by the magnets is substantially the same in a location that correspond to a magnetically sensitive component disposed within the electrical device when the first portion is in either a first position or a second position angularly offset from the first position. 
 
     
     
       10. The apparatus as recited in  claim 9 , wherein in the first position the first portion is coplanar with the second portion. 
     
     
       11. The apparatus as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the first portion rotates about 180 degrees to reach the second position from the first position. 
     
     
       12. The apparatus as recited in  claim 9 , wherein an intensity of the magnetic field does not adversely affect the magnetically sensitive component. 
     
     
       13. The apparatus as recited in  claim 9 , wherein the magnets are arranged in a substantially linear pattern. 
     
     
       14. The device as recited in  claim 13 , wherein the linear pattern of magnets is arranged substantially parallel to the hinge line. 
     
     
       15. A consumer electronic product, comprising:
 an electronic device comprising a magnetically sensitive component overlaid by a protective cover; and 
 a flexible flap pivotally coupled with the electronic device, the flexible flap including a first portion separated from a second portion by a hinge line, the second portion including an arrangement of magnets having alternating polarities, 
 wherein when the first and second portions of the flexible flap are flat against the protective cover of the electronic device an intensity of a magnetic field emitted by the linear arrangement of magnets at the magnetically sensitive component is substantially the same as the intensity at the magnetically sensitive component when the second portion of the flap is rotated away from the protective cover along the hinge line and contacts the first portion of the flexible flap. 
 
     
     
       16. The consumer electronic product as recited in  claim 15 , wherein the linear arrangement of magnets is oriented substantially parallel with the hinge line. 
     
     
       17. The consumer electronic product as recited in  claim 15 , wherein a distance between the linear arrangement of magnets and the magnetically sensitive component when the flexible flap is flat against the protective cover is substantially different than a distance between the linear arrangement of magnets and the magnetically sensitive component when the flexible flap contacts the first portion of the flexible flap. 
     
     
       18. The consumer electronic product as recited in  claim 15 , wherein the hinge line is substantially offset from the magnetically sensitive component. 
     
     
       19. The consumer electronic product as recited in  claim 15 , wherein the magnetically sensitive component is a compass.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a continuation of International Application PCT/US15/31521, with an international filing date of May 19, 2015, entitled “SIMULTANEOUS MAGNETIC BALANCING OF TWO POINTS”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The present application is also related to U.S. application Ser. No. 14/491,583, entitled “BALANCED MAGNETIC ARRAY” filed Sep. 19, 2014 and to U.S. application Ser. No. 13/966,213, entitled “MAGNETIC RELATED FEATURES OF A COVER FOR AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE” filed Aug. 13, 2013, the contents of both applications being incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The described embodiments relate generally to optimizing positions for magnetic arrays in and around electronic devices. More particularly, the present embodiments relate to arranging arrays of magnets so that a device containing the array can transition between at least two configurations while maintaining a magnetic null at a magnetically sensitive component in each configuration. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Electromagnetically sensitive sensors within an electronic device can often be affected by other electrical components within the electronic device that emit magnetic fields. Generally the electromagnetically sensitive sensors can be calibrated so that persistent magnetic fields emitted by the device can be largely ignored. Unfortunately, when the magnetic field generating component associated with or built into the electronic device is movable, calibration for the electromagnetically sensitive sensor can be much more challenging. This is particularly true when the magnetic field generating component is a strong magnet as this type of movement can be especially disruptive to the electromagnetically sensitive sensor(s). 
     SUMMARY 
     This paper describes various embodiments that relate to designing an array of magnets that emit a magnetic field having two magnetic nulls in particular locations. 
     A device is disclosed that includes at least the following elements: a substrate that includes a first portion of the substrate that moves with respect to a second portion of the substrate from a first position to a second position; and a magnetic string coupled directly to the first portion of the substrate and comprising a number of magnets oriented so that adjacent magnets of the magnetic string have polarities oriented in opposite directions. An intensity of a magnetic field emitted by the magnetic string is substantially the same at a location external to the device in both the first position and the second position. 
     An apparatus is disclosed that can be attached to an electronic device. The apparatus includes at least the following elements: a flap, that includes a first portion having a rigid segment and a number of magnets arranged in an alternating polarity pattern along the rigid segment; and a second portion separated from the first portion by a hinge line, the first portion pivoting with respect to the second portion along the hinge line. An intensity of a magnetic field emitted by the magnets is substantially the same in a location that correspond to a magnetically sensitive component disposed within the electronic device when the first portion is in one of a first position and a second position angularly offset from the first position. 
     A consumer electronic product is disclosed and includes at least the following: an electronic device including a magnetically sensitive component; and a flexible flap pivotally coupled with the electronic device. The flexible flap includes a first portion separated from a second portion by a hinge line. The second portion includes a linear arrangement of magnets having alternating polarities. When the first and second portions of the flexible flap are flat against a protective cover of the electronic device an intensity of a magnetic field emitted by the linear arrangement of magnets at the magnetically sensitive component is substantially the same as the intensity at the magnetically sensitive component when the second portion of the flap is rotated away from the protective cover along the hinge line and contacts the first portion of the flexible flap. 
     Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the described embodiments. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The disclosure will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural elements, and in which: 
         FIG. 1  shows an exemplary device suitable for use with the described embodiments; 
         FIG. 2  shows an upper portion of an accessory device with a magnetic string disposed therein; 
         FIGS. 3A-3B  show cross-sectional side views of the exemplary device depicted in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIGS. 4A-4C  show how magnetic fields emitted from a magnetic string can be adjusted by changing a volume of at least one of the magnets of the magnetic string; 
         FIGS. 5A-5B  shows a magnetic string and illustrates where a calculated balancing line indicates magnetic material can be added or subtracted to achieve two magnetic nulls; 
         FIGS. 5C-5H  show configuration shifts driven by adding a balancing magnet to the magnetic string in the case of both linear and non-linear magnetic string configurations; 
         FIGS. 6A-6B  show how the pitch of magnetic strings can be varied to adjust an emitted magnetic field; 
         FIG. 6C  shows a graph having lines corresponding to  FIGS. 6A and 6B  illustrating how the pitch of the spacing of the magnetic material affects a size of a null area of a magnetic field; 
         FIG. 7  shows a block diagram depicting a method for arranging magnets in an accessory device; and 
         FIG. 8  is a block diagram of an electronic device suitable for controlling some of the processes in the described embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Representative applications of methods and apparatus according to the present application are described in this section. These examples are being provided solely to add context and aid in the understanding of the described embodiments. It will thus be apparent to one skilled in the art that the described embodiments may be practiced without some or all of these specific details. In other instances, well known process steps have not been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the described embodiments. Other applications are possible, such that the following examples should not be taken as limiting. 
     In the following detailed description, references are made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the description and in which are shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in accordance with the described embodiments. Although these embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable one skilled in the art to practice the described embodiments, it is understood that these examples are not limiting; such that other embodiments may be used, and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the described embodiments. 
     Integrating magnetic field emitting components into a consumer electronic device can require various design considerations for mitigating any adverse effects caused by the magnetic fields they emit. While electrical components and magnetic sensors can generally be tuned to accommodate persistent magnetic fields associated with a device, when the emitted magnetic field changes or shifts during operation of the electronic device various problems can arise. In particular, magnetic field sensors designed to measure external magnetic fields can be vulnerable to shifting magnetic fields emitted by moving magnetic components, as the shifting magnetic fields can cause substantial errors in measurements performed by the magnetic field sensors. When the magnetic field emitting components primarily occupy discrete positions with respect to a position occupied by a magnetically sensitive component, one solution to the aforementioned problem is to arrange the magnetic field emitting components so that the magnetically sensitive component or components is/are positioned between the discrete positions occupied by the magnetic field emitting components. In this way, a magnitude of the emitted magnetic field can be the same or substantially the same for the magnetically sensitive component for each of the discrete positions. In some embodiments, the emitted magnetic field can be shaped so that the position of the magnetically sensitive component falls within a null area of the emitted magnetic field. Null areas within an emitted magnetic field commonly occur at positions where adjacent magnetic fields cancel each other out. By alternating the polarity of multiple adjacent magnetic field emitting components multiple null areas can be created within the emitted magnetic field. In some embodiments, the magnetic field emitting components can be adjusted so that a magnetic null coincides with a position of the magnetically sensitive components in any one of the discrete positions. 
     In some embodiments, the device can rely upon multiple magnetic attachment features for coupling to another device. When the attachment features are brought into proximity with magnetic attachment points of another device, the magnetic fields can cooperatively interact based upon their respective properties and result in the devices magnetically attaching to each other in a desired and repeatable manner. For example, due at least in part to the cooperative nature of the interaction of the magnetic fields, the objects can attach to each other in a predetermined position and relative orientation without external intervention. For example, the cooperative magnetic interaction can result in the objects self-aligning and self-centering in a desired orientation without external intervention so that a position of the devices with respect to one another is assured. When this type of coupling allows the devices to move with respect to one another, an intensity of the magnetic field emitted by one device changes or shifts in the other device. By shaping the magnetic field as described briefly above, the magnetic field can be laid out so that one or more magnetically sensitive components experience little or no effect from the emitted magnetic field for common configurations of the device. For example, the magnetic field can be arranged so that in both a fully open and fully closed position, a particular magnetically sensitive component experiences little or no effect from the magnetic field. 
     The devices can take many forms and perform many functions. In one embodiment, at least one device can take the form of an accessory device. The accessory device can be magnetically attached to at least one electronic device having a relatively large display in proportion to the overall size of the electronic device (a tablet device is one example). The accessory device can provide services and functions that can be used to enhance the operability of the electronic device. For example, the accessory device can take the form of a protective accessory cover that can be magnetically attached to the electronic device. The protective accessory cover can provide protection to certain aspects (such as a display) of the electronic device while enhancing the overall look and feel of the electronic device. The protective accessory cover can also provide support features that enhance a user interaction with the electronic device. For example, the protective accessory cover can be folded into a shape(s) that can support the electronic device in a various display modes. One such display mode can position the display at an angle with respect to a horizontal support surface that is optimal for presentation of video content by the display. 
     The protective accessory cover can include at least a flexible hinge portion. The flexible hinge portion can include a flexible body that, in turn, incorporates a magnetic attachment mechanism that can include a number of magnets. A magnetic field provided by the magnets can interact with a corresponding magnetic field provided by magnets in the electronic device to magnetically attach the protective accessory cover and the electronic device in a specific orientation and relative position. In other words, the magnetic attachment mechanism can provide both coarse and fine alignment between the protective cover and the electronic device. The protective accessory cover can include a flap made of a substrate that is connected to the flexible hinge portion arranged to smoothly rotate about a pivot line. In one embodiment, the flap can rotate 180° in a first direction towards the display and can rotate 180° in second direction opposite the first direction away from the display. When magnetically coupled to the electronic device, the smooth rotation of the flap about the pivot line in the first direction can bring the flap in contact with the display whereas smooth rotation about the pivot line in the second direction can bring at least a portion of the flap in contact with a rear portion of the electronic device. The protective accessory cover can overlay all or portions of the display depending upon a folded configuration. For example, in a first folded configuration, the protective accessory cover can be folded in a manner that a portion of the display is uncovered and therefore viewable. The flap can be segmented by which it is meant that the flap can be divided into distinct portions that can fold and bend with respect to each other as well as the electronic device and in particular, the display. For example, one distinct portion of the flap can rotate about a hinge line with respect to another distinct portion of the flap. In this way, the segmented flap affords an additional option of revealing only specific portions of the display by folding individual segments to reveal a corresponding portion of the display while other segments remain in contact and therefore obscuring corresponding portions of the display. 
     This configuration in which various distinct portions of the flap fold and bend with respect to each other causes the problem described above when magnets are disposed within the flap and emit substantial magnetic fields that can adversely bias sensors or electronics. In certain situations, which will be described in additional detail below a position of the sensor and/or the magnets within the accessory device can be adjusted so that a magnetic field exerted at a magnetically sensitive point can be kept substantially the same for at least two distinct magnet positions. 
     These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to  FIGS. 1-8 ; however, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. 
       FIG. 1  shows an exemplary electronic device  100 . As depicted, electronic device  100  can take the form of a tablet device. In some embodiments, electronic device  100  can include display assembly  102  positioned within a housing  104 . Housing  104  can be formed of any number of substantially rigid materials along the lines of aluminum, plastic, or steel and can provide protection for various internal components disposed within housing  104 . In some embodiments, electronic device can include any number of user interface elements including for example button  106  that extends through protective cover  108 , which overlays and provides protection for display assembly  102 . In some embodiments, display assembly  102  can provide another means of controlling and manipulating content presented by electronic device  100 . For example, a touch sensitive sensor can overlay display assembly  102  and allow a user of electronic device to directly manipulate objects appearing upon display assembly  102 . Electronic device  100  can include various other features such as additional buttons and switches as well as I/O ports for interacting and exchanging data with electronic device  100  and other electronic devices or peripherals. 
       FIG. 1  also depicts accessory device  110  which can be pivotally coupled with electronic device  100  to take the form of a consumer electronic product. In some embodiments, electronic device  100  can be coupled to accessory device  110  by way of a number of magnets. In some embodiments, accessory device  110  can take the form of a flexible substrate  113 . For example accessory device can be a flap having a number of rigid segments  112  that assist in shaping the accessory device into any one of a number of support configurations. For example, accessory device  110  can be arranged in a triangular formation to support electronic device  100  in various orientations. Rigid segments  112  can be embedded within accessory device  110 . In some embodiments, at least a portion of accessory device  110  can be covered with a cosmetic layer of fabric that maintains a position of each of rigid segments  112  with respect to one another. In addition to the support function discussed above, rigid segments  112  can also be configured to allow a user of electronic device  100  to uncover a predetermined amount of display assembly  102 . For example, when accessory device  110  completely overlays protective cover  108 , folding back a first one of rigid segments  112  can uncover a small amount of display assembly  102 . Furthermore, folding back two of rigid segments  112  can expose even more of display assembly  102 . In some embodiments, electronic device  100  can be configured to display content only on those portions of display assembly  102  that are uncovered. 
       FIG. 2  shows a close up view of an upper portion of accessory device  110 . In particular,  FIG. 2  shows how a group of magnets  202  (indicated by solid rectangular boxes) can be arranged within accessory device  110 . In some embodiments, the magnetic field emitted by magnets  202  can be operable to secure a portion of accessory device  110  surrounding rigid segment  112 - 1  against protective cover  108 . Magnets  202  can be arranged in a magnetic string formation in which each of magnets are linearly disposed with respect to one another. In some embodiments, the linear disposition just means that a line can be drawn through at least a portion of each of the magnets in the magnetic string. For example, some of magnets  202  can be shifted laterally to optimize a shape and/or size of the magnetic field emitted by magnets  202 . In some embodiment, a magnetic field emitted by magnets  202  can be customized by the way magnets  202  are magnetized. The cross marks a position of a magnetically sensitive component disposed beneath accessory device  110 . In some embodiments, the magnetically sensitive component can take the form of a compass sensor disposed within housing  104  of electronic device  100 . The position of the cross shows how far away magnets  202  are from the compass sensor in both the flat configuration indicated by the solid lines and in the bent configuration indicated by the dashed lines. As depicted, magnets  202  are substantially farther from the compass location in the bent configuration than in the flat configuration. By shaping the magnetic field a magnetic field intensity at the compass location can be substantially the same in both the flat configuration and the bent configuration. 
     In some embodiments, magnets  202  can be arranged in such a way that the individual magnetic elements can be arranged in an alternating magnetic polarity pattern (P 1 , P 2 , P 1 , P 2  . . . ; where P 1  represents a first polarity such as North and P 2  represents a second polarity opposite that of P 1  such as South). While  FIG. 2  shows the individual magnets  202  to be equally spaced apart, the spacing between the individual magnets can vary. In some cases, as in the depiction of  FIG. 2  the individual magnets  202  can be characterized as having about the same size, shape and mass. In other cases, the individual magnetic elements can vary in size, shape and mass or any combination thereof. 
       FIGS. 3A-3B  show cross-sectional views of accessory device  110  in accordance with Section Line A-A of  FIG. 2 . In  FIGS. 3A-3B , accessory device  110  is depicted covering at least a portion of protective cover  108 .  FIG. 3A  shows accessory device  110  in a flat configuration in which accessory device  110  completely covers protective cover  108 . Compass  302  is shown adhered to an interior facing surface of protective cover  108 ; however, it should be noted that compass  302  can be positioned within electronic device  100  in any number of manners. For example compass  302  can also be affixed to an interior facing surface of housing  104 .  FIG. 3A  also shows how magnet  202  can be embedded within rigid segment  112 - 1  first distance  304  from compass  302 . It should be noted that magnet  202  could alternatively be attached to an exterior surface of rigid segment  112 - 1 . In  FIG. 3B  rigid segment  112 - 1  is shown after having been folded away from protective cover  108  and adjacent to rigid segment  112 - 2  in a folded configuration. While not depicted in this manner, in some embodiments a portion of accessory device  110  surrounding rigid segment  112 - 1  can be in direct contact with a portion of accessory device surrounding rigid segment  112 - 1 . As depicted, second distance  306  between magnet  202  and compass  302  is clearly larger than first distance  304 . Additionally, both first and second distances  304  and  306  represent lateral and vertical offsets from compass  302 . 
       FIGS. 4A-4C  show different ways in which a magnetic field emitted by magnetic string  400  made up of a number of magnets  402  arranged in an alternating magnetic polarity pattern can be adjusted by varying a configuration or layout of magnets  202  in accordance with the following magnetic string tuning equation (described in further detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/491,583 and entitled “BALANCED MAGNETIC ARRAY”, which is incorporated herein by reference):
 
0= V   m   /x   m   3 +Σ 1   m-1   ±V   i   /x   i   3 .  Eq. (1)
 
     In Eq(1) V i  represents volume for each of m−1 magnets  402 , x i  represents a distance between each of the m−1 th  magnets  402  of magnetic string  400  and a position of interest where a magnetic null is desired, V m  represents volume for a compensating magnetic element and x m  represents a distance between the compensating magnetic element and the position of interest at which a null magnetic value is desired.  FIG. 4A  shows a magnetic string  400  made up of a number of magnets  402 . A simulation of a magnetic field provided by magnetic string  400  is depicted by a number of iso-contour lines. As shown, each iso-contour line can represent a magnetic field strength generally described in terms of Tesla (T) or in this case, micro-Tesla (μT). More particularly, magnetic string  400  shown in  FIG. 4A  has 8 magnetic elements (i.e.,  402 - 1  to  402 - 8 ) so that magnetic field strength H(p) at point P( 1 ) can be on the order of about 250 μT whereas the magnetic field strength at point P can be on the order of 20 μT. This type of configuration can result in the magnetic field having a substantially symmetric yet highly variable arrangement. However,  FIG. 4B  shows magnetic string  404  formed by modifying magnetic string  400  of  FIG. 4A  by, in this embodiment, reducing a volume V 1  of magnetic element  402 - 8  nearest point P (thereby having the greatest effect on the local magnetic properties associated with point P), magnetic field strength H(P) at point P can be substantially reduced to close to zero (0 μT). In this way, magnetically sensitive components proximate to point P can operate substantially free of magnetic interference emitted by magnetic string  404 . 
     Moreover,  FIG. 4C  shows another magnetic string  406  having 8 magnetic elements where modification of a volume V 2  of magnetic element  402 - 8  can be carried out by removing magnetic material closest to point P (i.e., material on the side of a centerline  408  of magnetic element  402 - 8  is removed). This can provide a desirable reduction in magnetic field intensity close to zero as described in  FIG. 4B . Additionally, asymmetric removal of magnetic material volume from magnetic element  402 - 8  causes the magnetic field to be shifted to one side so that the magnetic strength in some areas undergoes a substantial change as magnetic string  406  is rotated. In some embodiments, the magnetic field emitted from a magnetic string can be adjusted in other ways. In some embodiments, at least one magnet within the magnetic string can be configured with a magnetic shunt that redirects energy of the magnetic field in a particular direction. For example, one or two magnets can be configured with magnetic shunts that redirect portions of the magnetic field away from magnetically sensitive components. This type of field direction can be utilized alone or conjunction with the previously discussed techniques to achieve a desirable magnetic field. Alternatively, the magnetic fields emitted by the magnets can be shaped to conform with a desired magnetic field layout. Rare earth element magnets in particular can be configured with particularly complex magnetic fields to achieve a desirable magnetic field configuration. 
     If magnetic field intensity is desired to be controlled simultaneously at two positions from a magnetic string, a location can be calculated for which if adjustments are made for one position as described above the second position is inherently equivalently adjusted. Because magnetic field intensity is proportional to one over a cube of the distance between the magnet and a position at which the magnetic field acts, Eq(2) describes a relationship between field intensity of a magnetic field emitted by a magnet acting at two different distances. CP 1  and CP 2  represent magnetic field intensity at the position of interest (i.e. Compass Position) when the magnets are in first and second locations respectively. Eq(3) can provide a distance D 2  between an additional balancing magnet and the two specific field intensities and one distance. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     
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     The aforementioned equations can be used to determine the location for adjustment of a magnetic string to achieve magnetic intensity values at CP 1  and CP 2  beneath a level at which a magnetically sensitive component at the position of interest is adversely affected. Application of these formulas can define a line along which a desirable distance can be achieved between the second position and the position of interest. Similar to the adjustments used to optimize the magnetic string for one location described in  FIGS. 4A-4C , Eq(2) and Eq(3) can help to further optimize the magnetic string to determine locations at which additional magnetic material can be added to balance the null values in the desired locations. 
       FIG. 5A  illustrates where a balancing magnet or magnetic material can be added to the magnetic string made up of magnets  502  to achieve null values at the compass sensor location for the two magnetic string positions. The x-axis here shows how far the magnetic string is from each of the compass sensor locations illustrated by CP 1  and CP 2 , the distance between the magnetic string and CP 1  being indicated as D 2  while the distance differential between CP 1  and CP 2  is indicated as D 3 . The y-axis shows a pitch or distance between adjacent magnets in the magnetic string. Balancing line  504  can be calculated using Eq(2) and Eq(3) and can guide designers to determine where within accessory device  110  another magnet or additional magnetic material can be added to create locations of dual balancing in which the field intensities are near zero for both magnet string positions. It should be noted that the farther away from CP 1  and CP 2  the magnet or magnetic material is added the more magnetic material is required to achieve a balanced solution. For example, magnetic material added at the portion of balancing line  504  marked indicated by the cross would require substantially less material than adding the magnetic material to the portion of magnet  502 - 4  along the solution line. Addition of magnetic material at either location can help establish null values at the compass position for both magnetic string positions.  FIG. 5B  shows how when CP 1  and CP 2  coincide with locations of dual balancing both points are inherently and simultaneously balanced by adding a sufficient amount of magnetized magnetic material to a point along balancing line  504 . 
       FIGS. 5C-5H  show graphical representations of how a magnetic field can be adjusted by adding a balancing magnet to a magnetic string.  FIG. 5C  shows a magnetic field representation generated by a magnetic string arranged in a linear arrangement with alternating magnetic polarities. As depicted, the magnetic field has a substantially symmetric configuration due to the regular interval and magnetic polarity of magnets  510  making up the magnetic string. Regions  512  of the emitted magnetic field indicate positive field interference areas and region  514  indicates a negative field interference area. While both CP 1  and CP 2  are shown in a negative field interference area, it should be appreciated that the varying distance from the magnetic string causes a magnitude of the magnetic field to be greater at CP 1  than at CP 2 . In  FIG. 5D , by adding balancing magnet  516  to one side of the magnetic string an acceptably balanced area  518  can be created that coincides with both CP 1  and CP 2 . A size and position of balancing magnet  516  can be determined as previously described in conjunction with  FIGS. 5A-5B .  FIG. 5E  shows a representation of a magnetic string arranged in a non-linear arrangement. As shown in  FIG. 5C  the magnetic field includes no acceptably balanced areas  518 . However, after adding balancing magnet  516 , as shown in  FIG. 5F , the non-linear magnetic string can be adjusted so that again an acceptably balanced area  518  can be established.  FIG. 5G  shows the same configuration depicted in  FIG. 5E  and  FIG. 5H  show how a different sized and positioned balancing magnet  516  can be utilized to establish acceptably balanced area  518  as depicted in  FIG. 5H . 
       FIGS. 6A-6B  show another way magnetic strings can be varied to adjust an emitted magnetic field and its properties. In particular  FIGS. 6A-6B  show two different configurations in which sizes, spacing and numbers of magnets  602  and  612  are adjusted while maintaining the same or substantially the same amount of magnetic material. CP 1  and CP 2  represent a distance between a magnetic string and a position of a magnetically sensitive component in a first configuration of accessory device  110  and a second configuration of accessory device  110  respectively. In  FIG. 5A  larger magnets  202  are spaced apart from each other at an interval of about half of the distance in the x-axis between the magnetic string and the compass.  FIG. 6B  shows a spacing that is half as large as the spacing used in  FIG. 6B , while maintaining the same volume of magnetic material, by utilizing magnets  202  half the size of magnets  202  depicted in  FIG. 5A  spaced at half the interval.  FIG. 6C  shows a graph having two lines illustrating how the distribution of magnetic material affects a size of a null area of a magnetic field emitted from the configurations of magnets  202  depicted in  FIGS. 6A and 6B . As depicted, the use of larger magnets with a larger interval therebetween results in a substantially smaller null range, which in turn reduces an upper limit of a difference between CP 1  and CP 2 . The dashed arrows depicted in  FIG. 6C  show how for a magnetic field intensity maximum coincident with the arrows doubling the spacing doubles the sharpness/narrowness of the null region generated by a given magnetic string. 
       FIG. 7  shows a block diagram depicting a method for arranging magnets in an accessory device so that a null in a magnetic field emitted by the magnets coincides with a point of interest both before and after shifting a position of the magnets positioned in the accessory device from a first location to a second location. In some embodiments, a magnetically sensitive component can be positioned at the position of interest. At a first step  702  a number of magnets are arranged in a linear configuration with alternating polarity patterns within the device so that a magnetic field intensity at the point of interest is near zero when the magnets are in the first location. Various magnetic equations such as Eq(1) described above can be utilized to assist in arranging the magnets to achieve a desired field intensity at the point of interest. In some embodiments, addition or subtraction of magnetic material may be required to achieve the desired magnetic field intensity. At step  704  the magnetic intensity of the magnetic field emitted by the magnets at the point of interest for both the first and second locations of the magnets is determined. At step  706 , Eq(3) can be used to calculate a position of a balancing line describing locations at which additional magnetic material can be added to the accessory device to balance the magnetic field intensities for both locations of the magnets. In some embodiments, a spacing and size of the magnets used in the accessory device can be reduced to increase a size of the magnetic nulls in the magnetic field emitted by the magnets. In this way, small variations in a position of the magnets within the accessory device can be accommodated by the larger magnetic nulls. 
       FIG. 8  is a block diagram of an electronic device suitable for controlling some of the processes in the described embodiment. Electronic device  800  can illustrate circuitry of a representative computing device. Electronic device  800  can include a processor  802  that pertains to a microprocessor or controller for controlling the overall operation of electronic device  800 . Electronic device  800  can include instruction data pertaining to operating instructions in a file system  804  and a cache  806 . File system  804  can be a storage disk or a plurality of disks. In some embodiments, file system  804  can be flash memory, semiconductor (solid state) memory or the like. The file system  804  can typically provide high capacity storage capability for the electronic device  800 . However, since the access time to the file system  804  can be relatively slow, the electronic device  800  can also include cache  806 . The cache  806  can include, for example, Random-Access Memory (RAM) provided by semiconductor memory. The relative access time to the cache  806  can substantially shorter than for the file system  804 . However, cache  806  may not have the large storage capacity of file system  804 . Further, file system  804 , when active, can consume more power than cache  806 . Power consumption often can be a concern when the electronic device  800  is a portable device that is powered by battery  824 . The electronic device  800  can also include a RAM  820  and a Read-Only Memory (ROM)  822 . The ROM  822  can store programs, utilities or processes to be executed in a non-volatile manner. The RAM  820  can provide volatile data storage, such as for cache  806 . 
     Electronic device  800  can also include user input device  808  that allows a user of the electronic device  800  to interact with the electronic device  800 . For example, user input device  808  can take a variety of forms, such as a button, keypad, dial, touch screen, audio input interface, visual/image capture input interface, input in the form of sensor data, etc. Still further, electronic device  800  can include a display  810  (screen display) that can be controlled by processor  602  to display information to the user. Data bus  816  can facilitate data transfer between at least file system  804 , cache  806 , processor  802 , and controller  813 . Controller  813  can be used to interface with and control different manufacturing equipment through equipment control bus  814 . For example, control bus  614  can be used to control a computer numerical control (CNC) mill, a press, or other display devices. For example, processor  802 , upon a certain manufacturing event occurring, can supply instructions to control an alternate display through controller  813  and control bus  814 . Such instructions can be stored in file system  804 , RAM  820 , ROM  822  or cache  806 . 
     Electronic device  800  can also include a network/bus interface  811  that couples to data link  812 . Data link  812  can allow electronic device  800  to couple to a host computer or to accessory devices. The data link  812  can be provided over a wired connection or a wireless connection. In the case of a wireless connection, network/bus interface  811  can include a wireless transceiver. Sensor  826  can take the form of circuitry for detecting any number of stimuli. For example, sensor  826  can include any number of sensors for monitoring such as, for example, a Hall Effect sensor responsive to external magnetic field, an audio sensor, a light sensor such as a photometer and so on. 
     The various aspects, embodiments, implementations or features of the described embodiments can be used separately or in any combination. Various aspects of the described embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of hardware and software. The described embodiments can also be embodied as computer readable code on a computer readable medium for controlling manufacturing operations or as computer readable code on a computer readable medium for controlling a manufacturing line. The computer readable medium is any data storage device that can store data which can thereafter be read by a computer system. Examples of the computer readable medium include read-only memory, random-access memory, CD-ROMs, HDDs, DVDs, magnetic tape, and optical data storage devices. The computer readable medium can also be distributed over network-coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion. 
     The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required in order to practice the described embodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the described embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20150519
Publication Date: 20170124
Grant Date: 20170124
Priority Date: 20150519
Inventors: STRYKER JAMES A.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F1/1626", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01F7/021", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01F7/021", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1626", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2200/1634", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01F7/0215", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2200/1634", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01F7/0215", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 57318929