PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11936607-B2
Application Number: US-202117364268-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Portable multifunction device, method, and graphical user interface for an email client

Abstract:
A computer-implemented method is disclosed fix use with a portable electronic device having a display. The method enables switching between electronic inboxes that can be accessed from the electronic device. In some configurations, the method includes, while the device is displaying emails in a first inbox, detecting user selection of a first icon. The method further includes, in response to user selection of the first icon, displaying a set of inbox selection icons; and, in response to user selection of one of the inbox selection icons, displaying emails in a second inbox corresponding to the inbox selection icon selected by the user.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs con-figured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device and a display, the one or more programs including instructions for:
 displaying, via the display, a message that includes a set of media objects; 
 while displaying at least a representation of a first media object from the set of media objects, detecting an input corresponding to a representation of a respective media object from the set of media objects; 
 in response to detecting the input corresponding to the representation of the respective media object from the set of media objects, displaying, via the display, a set of user-interface objects, wherein:
 in accordance with a determination that the set of media objects includes a plurality of media objects, the set of user-interface objects includes a first user-interface object and a second user-interface object; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the set of media objects includes only a single media object, the set of user-interface objects includes the first user-interface object and does not include the second user-interface object; 
 
 detecting an input corresponding to a user-interface object of the set of user-interface objects; and 
 in response to detecting the input corresponding to the user-interface object of the set of user-interface objects, performing an operation associated with the user-interface object. 
 
     
     
       2. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein the set of user-interface objects at least partially overlaps a portion of the message. 
     
     
       3. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein each media object of the set of media objects is associated with a respective image file. 
     
     
       4. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein performing the operation associated with the user-interface object includes saving one or more image files associated with the set of media objects to the electronic device. 
     
     
       5. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 1 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 in response to detecting the input at the location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to one of the media objects of the set of media objects, displaying the one of the media objects of the set of media objects. 
 
     
     
       6. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 1 , wherein the set of user-interface objects that includes the first-user interface object and the second user-interface object includes an affordance to save the entirety of the set of media objects. 
     
     
       7. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 1 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 in response to detecting the input at the location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to one of the media objects of the set of media objects, displaying a name for the one of the media objects of the set of media objects. 
 
     
     
       8. An electronic device, comprising:
 a touch-sensitive surface; 
 a display; 
 one or more processors; and
 a memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
 displaying, via the display, a message that includes a set of media objects; 
 while displaying at least a representation of a first media object from the set of media objects, detecting an input corresponding to a representation of a respective media object from the set of media objects; 
 in response to detecting the input corresponding to the representation of the respective media object from the set of media objects, displaying, via the display, a set of user-interface objects, wherein:
 in accordance with a determination that the set of media objects includes a plurality of media objects, the set of user-interface objects includes a first user-interface object and a second user-interface object; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the set of media objects includes only a single media object, the set of user-interface objects includes the first user-interface object and does not include the second user-interface object; 
 
 detecting an input corresponding to a user-interface object of the set of user-interface objects; and 
 in response to detecting the input corresponding to the user-interface object of the set of user-interface objects, performing an operation associated with the user-interface object. 
 
 
 
     
     
       9. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the set of user-interface objects at least partially overlaps a portion of the message. 
     
     
       10. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein each media object of the set of media objects is associated with a respective image file. 
     
     
       11. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein performing the operation associated with the user-interface object includes saving one or more image files associated with the set of media objects to the electronic device. 
     
     
       12. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the set of user-interface objects that includes the first-user interface object and the second user-interface object includes an affordance to save the entirety of the set of media objects. 
     
     
       13. The electronic device of  claim 8 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 in response to detecting the input at the location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to one of the media objects of the set of media objects, displaying the one of the media objects of the set of media objects. 
 
     
     
       14. The electronic device of  claim 8 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 in response to detecting the input at the location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to one of the media objects of the set of media objects, displaying a name for the one of the media objects of the set of media objects. 
 
     
     
       15. A method comprising:
 at an electronic device having one or more processors, a touch-sensitive surface, and a display:
 displaying, via the display, a message that includes a set of media objects; 
 while displaying at least a representation of a first media object from the set of media objects, detecting an input corresponding to a representation of a respective media object from the set of media objects; 
 in response to detecting the input corresponding to the representation of the respective media object from the set of media objects, displaying, via the display, a set of user-interface objects, wherein:
 in accordance with a determination that the set of media objects includes a plurality of media objects, the set of user-interface objects includes a first user-interface object and a second user-interface object; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the set of media objects includes only a single media object, the set of user-interface objects includes the first user-interface object and does not include the second user-interface object; 
 
 detecting an input corresponding to a user-interface object of the set of user-interface objects; and 
 in response to detecting the input corresponding to the user-interface object of the set of user-interface objects, performing an operation associated with the user-interface object. 
 
 
     
     
       16. The method of  claim 15 , wherein the set of user-interface objects at least partially overlaps a portion of the message. 
     
     
       17. The method of  claim 15 , wherein each media object of the set of media objects is associated with a respective image file. 
     
     
       18. The method of  claim 15 , wherein performing the operation associated with the user-interface object includes saving one or more image files associated with the set of media objects to the electronic device. 
     
     
       19. The method of  claim 15 , further comprising:
 in response to detecting the input at the location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to one of the media objects of the set of media objects, displaying the one of the media objects of the set of media objects. 
 
     
     
       20. The method of  claim 15 , further comprising:
 in response to detecting the input at the location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to one of the media objects of the set of graphical objects, displaying a name for the one of the media objects of the set of media objects. 
 
     
     
       21. The method of  claim 15 , wherein the set of user-interface objects that includes the first-user interface object and the second user-interface object includes an affordance to save the entirety of the set of media objects.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/277,800, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for an Email Client,” Filed Sep. 27, 2016 which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/242,860, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for an Email Client,” filed Sep. 30, 2008, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/033,788, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method and Graphical User Interface for an Email Client,” filed Mar. 4, 2008, and 61/068,584, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method and Graphical User Interface for an Email Client,” filed Mar. 6, 2008. Both of these applications are incorporated by reference herein their entirety. 
     This application is related to the following applications: (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/188,182, “Touch Pad For Handheld Device,” filed on Jul. 1, 2002; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/722,948, “Touch Pad For Handheld Device,” filed on Nov. 25, 2003; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/643,256, “Movable Touch Pad With Added Functionality,” filed on Aug. 18, 2003; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/654,108, “Ambidextrous Mouse,” filed on Sep. 2, 2003; (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed on May 6, 2004; (6) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed on Jul. 30, 2004; (7) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices” filed on Jan. 18, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/057,050, “Display Actuator,” filed on Feb. 11, 2005; (9) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/850,630, “Email Client for a Portable Multifunction Device,” filed Sep. 5, 2007; and (10) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/850,635, “Touch Screen Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Determining Commands by Applying Heuristics,” filed Sep. 5, 2007. All of these applications are incorporated by reference herein. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The disclosed embodiments relate generally to portable electronic devices, and more particularly, to email clients on portable communication devices. 
     BACKGROUND 
     As portable electronic devices become more compact, and the number of functions performed by a given device increases, it has become a significant challenge to design a user interface that allows users to easily interact with a multifunction device. This challenge is particularly significant for handheld portable devices, which have much smaller screens than desktop or laptop computers. This situation is unfortunate because the user interface is the gateway through which users receive not only content but also responses to user actions or behaviors, including user attempts to access a device&#39;s features, tools, and functions. Some portable communication devices (e.g., mobile telephones, sometimes called mobile phones, cell phones, cellular telephones, and the like) have resorted to adding more pushbuttons, increasing the density of push buttons, overloading the functions of pushbuttons, or using complex menu systems to allow a user to access, store and manipulate data. These conventional user interfaces often result in complicated key sequences and menu hierarchies that must be memorized by the user. 
     Many conventional user interfaces, such as those that include physical pushbuttons, are also inflexible. This may prevent a user interface from being configured and/or adapted by either an application running on the portable device or by users. When coupled with the time consuming requirement to memorize multiple key sequences and menu hierarchies, and the difficulty in activating a desired pushbutton, such inflexibility is frustrating, to most users. 
     In particular, many conventional user interfaces for displaying, organizing, managing, and creating emails on a portable communication device are inflexible. The combination of small screens for displaying emails and email lists, complicated pushbutton key sequences, and complex menu hierarchies results in email user interfaces that are not user-friendly. As a result, using an email client on a portable communication device can be frustrating. 
     In addition, many users of portable communication devices have multiple email accounts that they want to access on their devices. However, given the small displays and cramped user interfaces of many such devices it is often unwieldy to switch between those different accounts. Also, it is possible that sending email from a particular email account is not possible when a user is connected to an email server associated with a different email account. Finally, in addition to using email for text communications, many users also send digital media files (e.g., photos) via email. It is often difficult for a user to interact with such digital media files from within an email application provided by the portable device. 
     Accordingly, there is a need for portable multifunction devices with more transparent and intuitive user interfaces for displaying, organizing, managing, and creating emails that are easy to use, configure, and/or adapt. There is also a need for portable multifunction devices that provide convenient access to multiple email accounts and digital media content that is associated with emails. 
     SUMMARY 
     The above deficiencies and other problems associated with user interfaces for portable devices are reduced or eliminated by the disclosed portable multifunction device. In some embodiments, the device has a touch-sensitive display (also known as a “touch screen”) with a graphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors, memory and one or more modules, programs or sets of instructions stored in the memory for performing multiple functions. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the GUI primarily through finger contacts and gestures on the touch-sensitive display. In some embodiments, in addition to emailing, the functions may include telephoning, video conferencing, instant messaging, blogging, digital photographing, digital videoing, web browsing, digital music playing, and/or digital video playing. Instructions for performing these functions may be included in a computer readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors. 
     Some embodiments are directed to providing fast in-box switching among multiple email accounts. In some embodiments, a user of a portable multifunction device can switch easily (e.g., with no more than 2 finger taps) between different email accounts and/or inboxes. The email accounts, for example, might include Gmail, AOL, and corporate email accounts. 
     One embodiment provides a dedicated icon at the bottom of an email application user interface (in some embodiments, the icon can resemble an eye). In response to a user clicking on the icon (i.e., a first click), an active email screen (i.e., the one listing the emails from one of the accounts) appears to peel back, revealing a second underlying page with a list of the user&#39;s email accounts. The user can cause the screen to display the inbox of a different email account by simply selecting one of the listed accounts (i.e., a second finger tap). The emails from the selected, different account are shown on the active email screen as the top page rolls back. In a different embodiment, a user can navigate in one finger tap to a user interface that lists all of their accessible email accounts. By a second finger tap on one of the account names, the user can view the emails associated with the inbox of that account. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a computer-implemented method is performed at a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display. The computer-implemented method includes: on a portable electronic device having a display, switching between electronic inboxes that can be accessed from the electronic device, which includes: while displaying first contents of a first inbox, displaying a first icon; in response to user selection of the first icon, displaying a set of inbox selection icons; and in response to user selection of one of the inbox selection icons, displaying second contents of a second inbox corresponding to the inbox selection icon selected by the user. 
     Some embodiments are directed to providing a unified inbox from which emails from multiple email accounts can be accessed from the same user interface screen. In some embodiments, the unified inbox view can be accessed using a single button that is shown at the top of an inbox UI when the user is viewing thereon email from a single inbox (but only when there is more than one account in the email accounts view). Mail from all available accounts (or, optionally, a selected subset of the accounts) is shown when an “All accounts” button is selected. In some embodiments, emails from the multiple accounts are interleaved by time and date. Emails can also be sorted by sender or other criteria. The emails can also be color-coded based on the account from which they originate. In other embodiments, the emails associated with a particular account can be shown on separate display panels on the unified inbox UI. 
     Some embodiments allow a user to send email through an email server other than their default email server. For example, a user might not be able to send Gmail messages through a corporate email server. Some embodiments provide a list of SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) servers that can be used to send email. For example, a user in the above situation could simply reset his or her portable multifunction device to operate through a Gmail server rather than a corporate server. In some embodiments, a user can populate the list of servers with information for various email services. In other embodiments, an email application that runs on the portable multifunction device suggests SMTP server information based on the user&#39;s known email accounts. In some embodiments, a user can select primary and alternate/backup SMTP servers. Then, if an email fails to go through using the primary SMTP server, the portable multifunction device can automatically attempt to resend the email using one or more of the alternative SMTP servers. 
     In some embodiments, a user is able to download to and display on a portable multifunction device a collection of emails associated with a particular email thread. The emails that are associated with a particular thread are identified on the device using programmed heuristics. In some embodiments, a user can select an email that is part of a thread, in response to which the thread view of that email (in context with other emails in the thread) slides in to view on the device&#39;s display, with the existing inbox view of the emails sliding out of view on the device&#39;s display along the same trajectory. In different embodiments the trajectory of the two screens can be upwards, downwards, at an angle, or sideways. 
     Some embodiments of a touch screen device provide a slideshow capability for photos that are attached to or embedded in email. In some embodiments, in response to a user tap on an inline photo in an email, the device displays multiple options for handling the embedded photo or photos. One option allows a user to view the attached or embedded photos as a slideshow. Another option allows a user to store a an attached or embedded photo on their device. Yet another option enables the user to store all of the attached or embedded photos on their device. In some embodiments, if there are other attachments to an email that are not photos, then only the photos are selected for the “save all photos” and “slideshow” operations. 
     The disclosed email client for a portable multifunction device provides transparent and intuitive user interfaces for displaying, organizing, managing, and creating emails that are easy to use, configure, and/or adapt. The disclosed device thus reduces the frustrations involved with using portable electronic devices for email. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a better understanding of the aforementioned embodiments of the invention as well as additional embodiments thereof, reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures. 
         FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  are block diagrams illustrating portable multifunction devices with touch-sensitive displays in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screen in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates an exemplary user interface for unlocking a portable electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  4 A and  4 B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  5 A- 5 C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for organizing and managing email from multiple accounts in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  6 A- 6 C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for managing and accessing photos that are embedded in emails in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  7 A- 7 B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for managing emails associated with multiple email accounts. 
         FIG.  7 C  illustrates an exemplary user interface for providing quick, unified inbox access to emails associated with one or many email accounts. 
         FIG.  8 A- 8 C  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for switching between different views of email accounts and inboxes available on a portable multifunction device. 
         FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for creating and managing email settings and accounts in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  10 A- 10 C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for managing and accessing threaded email messages in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  11 A- 11 C  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for deleting or moving multiple emails in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  12 A- 12 I  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for managing “From,” “CC” and “BCC” information for emails in an email application in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  13 A- 13 H  are flow diagrams illustrating a process for managing emails and email lists in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first gesture could be termed a second gesture, and, similarly, a second gesture could be termed a first gesture, without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
     The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the description of the invention and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     Embodiments of a portable multifunction device, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device such as a mobile telephone that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. 
     The user interface may include a physical click wheel in addition to a touch screen or a virtual click wheel displayed on the touch screen. A click wheel is a user-interface device that may provide navigation commands based on an angular displacement of the wheel or a point of contact with the wheel by a user of the device. A click wheel may also be used to provide a user command corresponding to selection of one or more items, for example, when the user of the device presses down on at least a portion of the wheel or the center of the wheel. Alternatively, breaking contact with a click wheel image on a touch screen surface may indicate a user command corresponding to selection. For simplicity, in the discussion that follows, a portable multifunction device that includes a touch screen is used as an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood, however, that some of the user interfaces and associated processes may be applied to other devices, such as personal computers and laptop computers that may include one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical click wheel, a physical keyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the email application, the device supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an instant messaging application, a blogging application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that may be executed on the device may use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch screen. One or more functions of the touch screen as well as corresponding information displayed on the device may be adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch screen) of the device may support the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent. 
     The user interfaces may include one or more soft keyboard embodiments. The soft keyboard embodiments may include standard (QWERTY) and/or non-standard configurations of symbols on the displayed icons of the keyboard, such as those described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/459,606, “Keyboards For Portable Electronic Devices,” filed Jul. 24, 2006, and Ser. No. 11/459,615, “Touch Screen Keyboards For Portable Electronic Devices,” filed Jul. 24, 2006, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. The keyboard embodiments may include a reduced number of icons (or soft keys) relative to the number of keys in existing physical keyboards, such as that for a typewriter. This may make it easier for users to select one or more icons in the keyboard, and thus, one or more corresponding symbols. The keyboard embodiments may be adaptive. For example, displayed icons may be modified in accordance with user actions, such as selecting one or more icons and/or one or more corresponding symbols. One or more applications on the portable device may utilize common and/or different keyboard embodiments. Thus, the keyboard embodiment used may be tailored to at least some of the applications. In some embodiments, one or more keyboard embodiments may be tailored to a respective user. For example, one or more keyboard embodiments may be tailored to a respective user based on a word usage history (lexicography, slang, individual usage) of the respective user. Some of the keyboard embodiments may be adjusted to reduce a probability of a user error when selecting one or more icons, and thus one or more symbols, when using the soft keyboard embodiments. 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of the device.  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  are block diagrams illustrating portable multifunction devices  100  with touch-sensitive displays  112  in accordance with some embodiments. The touch-sensitive display  112  is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and may also be known as or called a touch-sensitive display system. The device  100  may include a memory  102  (which may include one or more computer readable storage mediums), a memory controller  122 , one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  120 , a peripherals interface  118 , RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , a speaker  111 , a microphone  113 , an input/output (I/O) subsystem  106 , other input or control devices  116 , and an external port  124 . The device  100  may include one or more optical sensors  164 . These components may communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  103 . 
     It should be appreciated that the device  100  is only one example of a portable multifunction device  100 , and that the device  100  may have more or fewer components than shown, may combine two or more components, or a may have a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  may be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  102  may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  102  by other components of the device  100 , such as the CPU  120  and the peripherals interface  118 , may be controlled by the memory controller  122 . 
     The peripherals interface  118  couples the input and output peripherals of the device to the CPU  120  and memory  102 . The one or more processors  120  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  102  to perform various functions for the device  100  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, the peripherals interface  118 , the CPU  120 , and the memory controller  122  may be implemented on a single chip, such as a chip  104 . In some other embodiments, they may be implemented on separate chips. 
     The RF (radio frequency) circuitry  108  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. The RF circuitry  108  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. The RF circuitry  108  may include well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. The RF circuitry  108  may communicate with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication may use any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)), Wi-MAX, a protocol for email (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), and/or Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS)), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     The audio circuitry  110 , the speaker  111 , and the microphone  113  provide an audio interface between a user and the device  100 . The audio circuitry  110  receives audio data from the peripherals interface  118 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the speaker  111 . The speaker  111  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. The audio circuitry  110  also receives electrical signals converted by the microphone  113  from sound waves. The audio circuitry  110  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to the peripherals interface  118  for processing. Audio data may be retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  102  and/or the RF circuitry  108  by the peripherals interface  118 . In some embodiments, the audio circuitry  110  also includes a headset jack (e.g.  212 ,  FIG.  2   ). The headset jack provides an interface between the audio circuitry  110  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     The I/O subsystem  106  couples input/output peripherals on the device  100 , such as the touch screen  112  and other input/control devices  116 , to the peripherals interface  118 . The I/O subsystem  106  may include a display controller  156  and one or more input controllers  160  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  160  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  116 . The other input/control devices  116  may include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  160  may be coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  208 ,  FIG.  2   ) may include an up/down button for volume control of the speaker  111  and/or the microphone  113 . The one or more buttons may include a push button (e.g.,  206 ,  FIG.  2   ). A quick press of the push button may disengage a lock of the touch screen  112  or begin a process that uses gestures on the touch screen to unlock the device, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549, “Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A longer press of the push button (e.g.,  206 ) may turn power to the device  100  on or off. The user may be able to customize a functionality of one or more of the buttons. The touch screen  112  is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more soft keyboards. 
     The touch-sensitive touch screen  112  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. The display controller  156  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to the touch screen  112 . The touch screen  112  displays visual output to the user. The visual output may include graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output may correspond to user-interface objects, further details of which are described below. 
     A touch screen  112  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. The touch screen  112  and the display controller  156  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on the touch screen  112  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on the touch screen. In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between a touch screen  112  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     The touch screen  112  may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, or LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, although other display technologies may be used in other embodiments. The touch screen  112  and the display controller  156  may detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with a touch screen  112 . 
     A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of the touch screen  112  may be analogous to the multi-touch sensitive tablets described in the following U.S. Patents: U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and/or U.S. Pat. No. 6,677,932 (Westerman), and/or U.S. Patent Publication 2002/0015024A1, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. However, a touch screen  112  displays visual output from the portable device  100 , whereas touch sensitive tablets do not provide visual output. 
     A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of the touch screen  112  may be as described in the following applications: (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/381,313, “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller,” filed May 2, 2006; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30, 2004; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/048,264, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (6) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,758, “Virtual Input Device Placement On A Touch Screen User Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (7) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,700, “Operation Of A Computer With A Touch Screen Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,737, “Activating Virtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen Virtual Keyboard,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; and (9) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Field Device,” filed Mar. 3, 2006. All of these applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
     The touch screen  112  may have a resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In an exemplary embodiment, the touch screen has a resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user may make contact with the touch screen  112  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which are much less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, the device  100  may include a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the touch screen  112  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     In some embodiments, the device  100  may include a physical or virtual click wheel as an input control device  116 . A user may navigate among and interact with one or more graphical objects (henceforth referred to as icons) displayed in the touch screen  112  by rotating the click wheel or by moving a point of contact with the click wheel (e.g., where the amount of movement of the point of contact is measured by its angular displacement with respect to a center point of the click wheel). The click wheel may also be used to select one or more of the displayed icons. For example, the user may press down on at least a portion of the click wheel or an associated button. User commands and navigation commands provided by the user via the click wheel may be processed by an input controller  160  as well as one or more of the modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 . For a virtual click wheel, the click wheel and click wheel controller may be part of the touch screen  112  and the display controller  156 , respectively. For a virtual click wheel, the click wheel may be either an opaque or semitransparent object that appears and disappears on the touch screen display in response to user interaction with the device. In some embodiments, a virtual click wheel is displayed on the touch screen of a portable multifunction device and operated by user contact with the touch screen. 
     The device  100  also includes a power system  162  for powering the various components. The power system  162  may include a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     The device  100  may also include one or more optical sensors  164 .  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  show an optical sensor coupled to an optical sensor controller  158  in I/O subsystem  106 . The optical sensor  164  may include charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. The optical sensor  164  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with an imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), the optical sensor  164  may capture still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of the device  100 , opposite the touch screen display  112  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display may be used as a viewfinder for either still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image may be obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the position of the optical sensor  164  can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and the sensor in the device housing) so that a single optical sensor  164  may be used along with the touch screen display for both video conferencing and still and/or video image acquisition. 
     The device  100  may also include one or more proximity sensors  166 .  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  show a proximity sensor  166  coupled to the peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, the proximity sensor  166  may be coupled to an input controller  160  in the I/O subsystem  106 . The proximity sensor  166  may perform as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/241,839, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device,” filed Sep. 30, 3005; Ser. No. 11/240,788, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device,” filed Sep. 30, 3005; Ser. No. 11/620,702, “Using Ambient Light Sensor To Augment Proximity Sensor Output”; Ser. No. 11/586,862, “Automated Response To And Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices,” filed Oct. 24, 2006; and Ser. No. 11/638,251, “Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration Of Peripherals,” which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables the touch screen  112  when the multifunction device is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). In some embodiments, the proximity sensor keeps the screen off when the device is in the user&#39;s pocket, purse, or other dark area to prevent unnecessary battery drainage when the device is a locked state. 
     The device  100  may also include one or more accelerometers  168 .  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  show an accelerometer  168  coupled to the peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, the accelerometer  168  may be coupled to an input controller  160  in the I/O subsystem  106 . The accelerometer  168  may perform as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 20050190059, “Acceleration-based Theft Detection System for Portable Electronic Devices,” and U.S. Patent Publication No. 20060017692, “Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable Device Based On An Accelerometer,” both of which are which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  102  may include an operating system  126 , a communication module (or set of instructions)  128 , a contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  130 , a graphics module (or set of instructions)  132 , a text input module (or set of instructions)  134 , a Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  135 , and applications (or set of instructions)  136 . 
     The operating system  126  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     The communication module  128  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  124  and also includes various software components for handling data received by the RF circuitry  108  and/or the external port  124 . The external port  124  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted fir coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the 30-pin connector used on iPod (trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.) devices. 
     The contact/motion module  130  may detect contact with the touch screen  112  (in conjunction with the display controller  156 ) and other touch sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). The contact/motion module  130  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred, determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch screen  112 , and determining if the contact has been broken (i.e., if the contact has ceased). Determining movement of the point of contact may include determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations may be applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, the contact/motion module.  130  and the display controller  156  also detects contact on a touchpad. In some embodiments, the contact/motion module  130  and the controller  160  detects contact on a click wheel. 
     The graphics module  132  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on the touch screen  112 , including components for changing the intensity of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. 
     The text input module  134 , which may be a component of graphics module  132 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  137 , e-mail  140 , IM  141 , blogging  142 , browser  147 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     The GPS module  135  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone  138  for use in location-based dialing, to camera  143  and/or blogger  142  as picture/video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets). 
     The applications  136  may include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
         a contacts module  137  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   a telephone module  138 ;   a video conferencing module  139 ;   an e-mail client module  140 ;   an instant messaging (IM) module  141 ;   a blogging module  142 ;   a camera module  143  for still and/or video images;   an image management module  144 ;   a video player module  145 ;   a music player module  146 ;   a browser module  147 ;   a calendar module  148 ;   widget modules  149 , which may include weather widget  149 - 1  stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , dictionary widget  149 - 5 , and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   widget creator module  150  for making user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   search module  151 ;   video and music player module  152 , which merges video player module  145  and music player module  146 ;   notes module  153 ;   map module  154 ; and/or   online video module  155 .       

     Examples of other applications  136  that may be stored in memory  102  include other word processing applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the contacts module  137  may be used to manage an address book or contact list, including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  138 , video conference  139 , e-mail  140 , or IM  141 ; and so forth. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the telephone module  138  may be used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in the address book  137 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication may use any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , contact list  137 , and telephone module  138 , the videoconferencing module  139  may be used to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the e-mail client module  140  may be used to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail. In conjunction with image management module  144 , the e-mail module  140  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  143 . 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the instant messaging module  141  may be used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages may include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , image management module  144 , and browsing module  147 , the blogging module  142  may be used to send text, still images, video, and/or other graphics to a blog (e.g., the user&#39;s blog). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and image management module  144 , the camera module  143  may be used to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  102 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory  102 . 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and camera module  143 , the image management module  144  may be used to arrange, modify or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , and speaker  111 , the video player module  145  may be used to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , and browser module  147 , the music player module  146  allows the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files. In some embodiments, the device  100  may include the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the browser module  147  may be used to browse the Internet, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , e-mail module  140 , and browser module  147 , the calendar module  148  may be used to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to do lists, etc.). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget modules  149  are mini-applications that may be downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , and dictionary widget  149 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget  149 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget creator module  150  may be used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the search module  151  may be used to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  102  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the notes module  153  may be used to create and manage notes, to do lists, and the like. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , and browser module  147 , the map module  154  may be used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location; and other location-based data). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , the online video module  155  allows the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module  141 , rather than e-mail client module  140 , is used to send a link to a particular online video. 
     Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to a set of instructions for performing one or more functions described above. These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. For example, video player module  145  may be combined with music player module  146  into a single module video and music player module  152 ,  FIG.  1 B ). In some embodiments, memory  102  may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  102  may store additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, the device  100  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen  112  and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input/control device for operation of the device  100 , the number of physical input/control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on the device  100  may be reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that may be performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates the device  100  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that may be displayed on the device  100 . In such embodiments, the touchpad may be referred to as a “menu button.” In some other embodiments, the menu button may be a physical push button or other physical input/control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG.  2    illustrates a portable multifunction device  100  having a touch screen  112  in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screen may display one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  200 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user may select one or more of the graphics by making contact or touching the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  202  (fret drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the contact may include a gesture, such as one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward) and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with the device  100 . In some embodiments, inadvertent contact with a graphic may not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon may not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap. 
     The device  100  may also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  204 . As described previously, the menu button  204  may be used to navigate to any application  136  in a set of applications that may be executed on the device  100 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI in touch screen  112 . 
     In one embodiment, the device  100  includes a touch screen  112 , a menu button  204 , a push button  206  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  208 , a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  210 , a head set jack  212 , and a docking/charging external port  124 . The push button  206  may be used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate art unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, the device  100  also may accept verbal input tier activation or deactivation of some functions through the microphone  113 . 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) and associated processes that may be implemented on a portable multifunction device  100 . 
       FIG.  3    illustrates an exemplary user interface for unlocking a portable electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  300  includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Unlock image  302  that is moved with a finger gesture to unlock the device;   Arrow  304  that provides a visual cue to the unlock gesture;   Channel  306  that provides additional cues to the unlock gesture;   Time  308 ;   Day  310 ;   Date  312 ; and   Wallpaper image  314 .       

     In some embodiments, the device detects contact with the touch-sensitive display (e.g., a user&#39;s finger making contact on or near the unlock image  302 ) while the device is in a user-interface lock state. The device moves the unlock image  302  in accordance with the contact. The device transitions to a user-interface unlock state if the detected contact corresponds to a predefined gesture, such as moving the unlock image across channel  306 . Conversely, the device maintains the user-interface lock state if the detected contact does not correspond to the predefined gesture. As noted above, processes that use gestures on the touch screen to unlock the device are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549, “Unlocking A Device By Performing Gestures On An Unlock Image,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, and Ser. No. 11/322,550, “Indication Of Progress Towards Satisfaction Of A User Input Condition,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
       FIGS.  4 A and  4 B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  400 A includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Signal strength indicator(s)  402  for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;   Time  404 ;   Battery status indicator  406 ;   Tray  408  with icons for frequently used applications, such as:   Phone  138 , which may include an indicator  414  of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages;   E-mail client  140 , which tray include an indicator  410  of the number of unread e-mails;   Browser  147 ; and   Music player  146 ; and   Icons for other applications, such as:   IM  141 ;   Image management  144 ;   Camera  143 ;   Video player  145 ;   Weather  149 - 1 ;   Stocks  149 - 2 ;   Blog  142 ;   Calendar  148 ;   Calculator  149 - 3 ;   Alarm clock  149 - 4 ;   Dictionary  149 - 5 ; and   User-created widget  149 - 6 .       

     In some embodiments, user interface  400 B includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  141 ,  148 ,  144 ,  143 ,  149 - 3 ,  149 - 2 ,  149 - 1 ,  149 - 4 ,  410 ,  414 ,  138 ,  140 , and  147 , as described above;   Map  154 ;   Notes  153 ;   Settings  412 , which provides access to settings for the device  100  and its various applications  136 , as described further below;   Video and music player module  152 , also referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.) module  152 ; and   Online video module  155 , also referred to as YouTube (trademark of Google, Inc.) module  155 .       

     In some embodiments. UI  400 A or  400 B displays all of the available applications  136  on one screen so that there is no need to scroll through a list of applications (e.g., via a scroll bar). In some embodiments, as the number of applications increase, the icons corresponding to the applications may decrease in size so that all applications may be displayed on a single screen without scrolling. In some embodiments, having all applications on one screen and a menu button enables a user to access any desired application with at most two inputs, such as activating the menu button  204  and then activating the desired application (e.g., by a tap or other finger gesture on the icon corresponding to the application). 
     In some embodiments, UI  400 A or  400 B provides integrated access to both widget-based applications and non-widget-based applications. In some embodiments, all of the widgets, whether user-created or not, are displayed in UI  400 A or  400 B. In other embodiments, activating the icon for user-created widget  149 - 6  may lead to another UI that contains the user-created widgets or icons corresponding to the user-created widgets. 
     In some embodiments, a user may rearrange the icons in UI  400 A or  400 B, e.g., using processes described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/459,602, “Portable Electronic Device With Interface Reconfiguration Mode,” filed Jul. 24, 2006, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. For example, a user may move application icons in and out of tray  408  using finger gestures. 
     In some embodiments, UI  400 A or  400 B includes a gauge (not shown) that displays an updated account usage metric for an account associated with usage of the device (e.g., a cellular phone account), as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,552, “Account Information Display For Portable Communication Device,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     Managing Multiple Email Accounts 
       FIGS.  5 A- 5 C  illustrate exemplary user interfaces, including an Accounts user interface  3300 A, for organizing and managing multiple email accounts in accordance with some embodiments. The Accounts UI  3300 A shown in  FIG.  5 A  can be displayed by the email client module/application  140 . In some embodiments, the user interface  3300 A includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Elements  402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above.   An “All Accounts” descriptor  3316 . When the “All Accounts” descriptor  3316  is selected by the user, a user interface such as  3600 A or  3600 B (described below with reference to  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B ) is displayed that includes information for emails from two or more of the user&#39;s email inboxes (in what is referred to as a Unified Inbox).   A set of email account descriptors  3318 - i , such as sgold@z.com  3318 - 1 , which may be organized in rows, and which may include unread email indicators  3308 - i  that show the number of unread emails for each email account. In this example, there are three account descriptors: sgold@z.com  3318 - 1 , sgold@mac.com  3318 - 2 , and sgold@gmail.com  3318 - 3 . When any of these account descriptors is selected by the user, an Inbox UI  3500 A (described below in reference to  FIG.  5 B ) is displayed that includes information for emails from the associated inbox.       

     Referring to  FIG.  5 A , if the list of accounts fills more than the screen area, the user may scroll through the accounts using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  3314  on the touch screen. As shown in  FIG.  5 A , the user has tapped on the sgold@gmail.com account descriptor, which has one unread email. The result of this user action is described in reference to  FIG.  5 B . 
     Referring to  FIG.  5 B , in response to the user selecting the account, sgold@gmail.com, an email UI  3500 A displays descriptors  3520  for at least a portion of the emails from the Inbox for that account (i.e., this is not a collection of mailbox folders from which the Inbox would need to be selected in an additional step). The Inbox includes a descriptor  3520 - 1  for one unread email, which is indicated in this embodiment with a filled-in dot  3512 . In some embodiments, a user can view a list of all of the inboxes for different email accounts associated with the user (e.g., the user&#39;s accounts at Z.com (the user&#39;s email account at work), mac.com, and gmail.com.) by selecting the “Accounts” icon  3513  shown in the heading of the UI  3500 A. In some embodiments, information displayed for emails in this UI  3500 A includes: sender  3506 , subject  3508  and date sent (or received)  3510 . The user can update the contents of the Inbox or compose a new email by selecting the update and compose icons  3560 ,  3310 , respectively. An advantage of this method of operation is that it allows a user to view contents of a different Inbox on the UI  3500  in only two steps (e.g., one finger tap to access the Accounts view and a second finger tap to initiate display of the Inbox associated with a different email account). As shown in  FIG.  5 B , the user has tapped/selected an unread email  3520 - 1  from Bob Campbell related to “Dinner Tonight.” The result of this selection is described in reference to  FIG.  5 C . 
       FIG.  5 C  shows the UI  3500 B as it displays the email  3519 - 1  ( FIG.  5 B ) selected by the user for display. The email when displayed includes subject and date information and the complete text of the email. The tray at the bottom of the UI  3500  includes:
         an Update icon  3560 ;   a Folders icon  3522  that, when activated, initiates display of a set of email folders into which the user can move the email  3520 ;   a Trash Can icon  3524  that, when activated, initiates display of a UI for deleting the email; and   a Reply/Forward icon  3526  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI that enables the user to select how to reply or forward the selected email.       

     From this display, the user can return to the Inbox using the back icon  3523  or can navigate to the previous or next email in the Inbox using the up and down arrow icons  3527 ,  3529 . 
     Email with Embedded Photos 
       FIGS.  6 A- 6 E  illustrate an exemplary user interface for managing and accessing photos that are embedded in emails in accordance with some embodiments. Referring to  FIG.  6 A , there is shown an Inbox UI  3500 C with elements that are similar to those already described with reference to  FIG.  5 B . In particular, the UI  3500 C shows an expanded view of an email  3520 - 6  related to the subject. “Van Halen.” In addition to the standard “From” and “To” information, the email  3520 - 6  includes embedded graphics  3521 - 6  (e.g., one or more digital photos) which the user has selected (e.g., tapped) to request further interaction therewith (e.g., via  FIG.  6 B ). 
       FIG.  6 B  illustrates a UI  3500 D that, in response to selection by the user of the embedded graphics  3521  ( FIG.  6 A ), displays a number of options for interacting with the embedded graphics  3521  in accordance with some embodiments. These options may include: “Save to photo”  1708 , “Save all photos”  1710 , “Slideshow”  1712  and “Cancel”  1714 . Different embodiments may provide a subset or superset of these options. Note that in some embodiments these options are only provided by the device  100  when the selected content (such as an embedded graphic  3521 ) is of a predetermined, appropriate type. In some embodiments, such appropriate files have an extension or type that is characteristic of digital photographs, such as “.JPG” for JPEG files. In these and similar embodiments, selection of embedded files of other types, such as HTML web pages or a small GIF icon files, will not initiate display of these photo interaction options  1708 - 1714 . 
     In some embodiments, the illustrated options have the following effect:
         The “Save to photo” option  1708  causes a selected, embedded photo in an email to be saved to the device  100 ;   The “Save all photos” option  1710  causes all embedded photos in an email to be saved to the device  100 ;   The “Slideshow” option  1712  causes a slideshow to be initiated and shown on the device  100  using the embedded photos in an email—this option is selected in  FIG.  6 B , with a result that is described in reference to  FIG.  6 C ;   The “Cancel” option  1714  causes the UI  3500 D to close and UI  3500 C to return ( FIG.  6 A ).       

       FIG.  6 C  illustrates a UI  1600  in which a slide show is displayed using information and images from the embedded graphics  6521  in accordance with some embodiments. This UI displays an expanded view  1608  of each image in the embedded graphics  6521 . In some embodiments, Navigation icons are overlaid on the displayed image  1608 . These navigation icons can be selected by a user to move forward  1614  or backward  1610  in the slideshow, or to simply play the slideshow  1612 . The slideshow UI  1600  also includes vertical and horizontal bars  1622 ,  1624  that indicate to a user the portion of the image  1608  being displayed. In some embodiments, if there is only one image in the embedded graphics  3521 , the user may not be given the slideshow option  1712  to initiate a slide showshow from the UI  3500 D ( FIG.  6 B ). 
     Unified Inboxes 
       FIGS.  7 A- 7 B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces  3600 A and  3600 B for simultaneously displaying and managing one or more Inboxes of an email client  140  in accordance with some embodiments. An analogous user interface may be used to display and manage the other mailboxes (e.g., drafts, sent, trash, personal, and/or work). 
     Some embodiments are directed to providing a unified inbox from which emails from multiple email accounts can be accessed from a common user interface screen  3600 . In some embodiments, the unified inbox view can be accessed using a single icon (e.g., an “All Accounts” icon  3316 ,  FIG.  5 A ). Mail from all available accounts (or, optionally, a selected subset of the accounts) is shown when the “All Accounts” icon  3316  is selected. In some embodiments, emails from the multiple accounts are interleaved by time and date ( FIG.  7 B ). They can also be sorted by sender or other criteria. The emails can also be color-coded based on the account from which they originate. In other embodiments, the emails associated with a particular account can be shown in separate portions of a scrollable display ( FIG.  7 A ). 
     In particular,  FIG.  7 A  illustrates a UI  3600 A for an embodiment where emails associated with two or more Inboxes are shown in separate sections/panes of the UI  3600 A. For example, in  FIG.  7 A , emails from the user&#39;s Mac Inbox  3620 - 1  and emails from the user&#39;s Gmail Inbox  3620 - 2  are shown in separate sections of the UI  3600 A. 
       FIG.  7 B  shows a different exemplary embodiment of a UI  3600 B, where the emails from two or more inboxes are interleaved according to one or more predetermined sorting criteria. For example, in  FIG.  7 B , the emails from the users .Mac and Gmail inboxes are interleaved according to email date  3510 . In different embodiments, different sorting criteria can be employed, including any combination of date, subject, sender, message size, and/or message priority, all of which can be arranged in ascending or descending order. 
     In some embodiments, the user interfaces  3600 A and  3600 B include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Elements  402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  3310  and  3560  as described above.   An “Accounts” icon  3502  that, when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), initiates the display of an Accounts UI  3300 A ( FIG.  5 A ) that lists email accounts available to the user of the device  100 .   Inbox descriptors  3620 - i  ( FIG.  7 A  only), each of which identifies one of the multiple Inboxes associated with the UI  3600 . In the exemplary UI shown in  FIG.  7 A , the inboxes for which information is displayed on the UI  3600 A include a .Mac inbox  3560 - 1  and a Gmail inbox  3620 - 2 .   An Inbox status icon  3604 - i  that displays the number of unread messages in each displayed Inbox. As shown in  FIG.  7 A , the .Mac inbox has 2 unread emails  3604 - 1  and the Gmail inbox has 1 unread email  3604 - 2 .   Email descriptors  3520 - i , each of which may include for a particular email its sender  3506 - i , subject  3508 - i  and date sent (or received)  3510 - i . An email descriptor  3520 - i  that is associated with an unread email also can include an unread email icon  3512 , which, in the illustrated embodiment, is shown as a filled-in dot.       

     If the set of emails fills more than the screen area, the user may scroll through the emails using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  3514  on the touch screen. A user can view the contents of any email that is listed in one of the inboxes  3620  by selecting (e.g., tapping with a finger) the corresponding email descriptor  3520 - i . Thus, a user of the portable device  100  benefits by being able to view and access information and contents from emails from multiple email accounts from one UI  3600 A. 
     In some embodiments, in response to a tap or other predefined gesture by the user on an email descriptor  3520  for a particular email message, some or all of the text in the row is highlighted (e.g., by coloring, shading, or bolding) and the corresponding message is displayed in a preview pane area (not shown in  FIG.  7 A ). Additional information about the preview pane is described in the related applications set out above and incorporated by reference herein. In some embodiments, in response to a tap or other predefined gesture by the user on an email descriptor  3520  for a particular email message, that email message is displayed on the full screen if a preview pane is not being used. 
     The embodiment of the UI  3600 B shown in  FIG.  7 B  uses the same basic elements, and has the advantages described above with reference to  FIG.  7 A , the main difference being that the embodiment  3600 B does not include elements related to the display of information  3620 ,  3604  for separate inboxes/panes. 
     Access to Different Email Accounts Via a Page Curl Effect 
       FIG.  7 C  illustrates a different embodiment of a UI  3500 F that allows a user of a first inbox to access a second inbox in two steps (e.g., two clicks, taps, or other user gestures/UI interactions). The elements of  FIG.  7 C  are similar to those described in reference to  FIG.  7 A . In particular, the UI  3500 F of  FIG.  7 C  may include:
         A heading  3620  that shows the name of the current mailbox (e.g., “.Mac inbox”) and the number of unread email messages in that mailbox  3604 .   A view options icon  608  that, when activated (e.g., by a user tap on the icon), initiates a “page curl” effect in which the email listing on the UI  3500 F appears to bend, fold, or otherwise curl up to reveal a list of email account descriptors  3642  and an “All Accounts” icon  3640 , while at the same time concealing some or all of the email descriptors s previously shown on the UI  3500 F.       

     In some embodiments, an email account descriptor  3642  also includes, where applicable, an indicator  3544  that shows the number of unread emails in the Inbox associated with that account. In response to detecting a gesture (e.g., a finger tap gesture) on one of the email account descriptors  3642  or the all accounts icon  3640 , the device displays (or redisplays) the corresponding Inbox via a “page uncurling” effect. 
     In some embodiments, the view options icon  608  can show using color the status of other email accounts (e.g., the dot in the center of the eye might be colored red to show a high level of unread mail in other accounts, or additional icons/signals (such as exclamation marks, etc. can be layered over the “eye” icon to show other mail status information. 
     As described above, an advantage of this method is that a user can switch from a first inbox associated with one account to a second inbox associated with a different account in just two finger taps/operations. This convenience is beneficial in a portable, multifunction device with limited display and user input space. 
     Account and Inbox Switching 
       FIGS.  8 A- 8 C  illustrate exemplary user interfaces  3300  for displaying and managing (and switching between) one or more inboxes and/or email accounts of an email client  140  in accordance with some embodiments. In particular, these user interfaces provide a user with the ability to manage all of their inboxes and/or accounts in an intuitive manner. In some embodiments, the user interfaces  3300 B and  3300 C include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Elements  402 ,  404 ,  406 , as described above.   An Account icon  3320 , which, when activated, initiates display of an Account View UI  3300 C in which information is displayed for the user&#39;s email accounts, as shown in  FIG.  8 B .   An Inbox icon  3322 , which, when activated, initiates display of an Inbox View UI  3300 B in which information is displayed for the user&#39;s email inboxes, as shown in  FIG.  8 A .   An All Inboxes icon  3324  that, when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), initiates the display of an All Inboxes UI (e.g., UI  3600 A,  FIG.  7 A , or UI  3600 B,  FIG.  7 B ) in which email descriptors are displayed for all inboxes for respective user email accounts.       

     Additional Information icons (e.g., “&gt;”)  3306 , the activation of which may initiate display by the touch screen of additional information for the associated entry on the UI  3300  (e.g., in  FIG.  8 A , initiating display of emails in an inbox or, in  FIG.  8 B , initiating display of mailboxes for a selected account). 
     Referring to  FIG.  8 A , there is shown an Inbox view of the UI  3300 B that displays a collection of inbox descriptors  3326 - i  associated with the user&#39;s email accounts. For example, the inboxes descriptors  33264  correspond to a Z.com Inbox  3326 - 1 , a Gmail Inbox  3326 - 2 , and a .Mac Inbox  3326 - 3 , each of which is associated with a different respective email account. Each inbox descriptor  3326  also includes a number  3304  of unread emails in the respective inbox and an additional information icon (e.g., “&gt;”)  3306 , which is described above. In  FIG.  8 A , the user has selected the Account icon  3320 , which initiates display (shown in  FIG.  8 B ) of an Account view of the users email accounts. 
     Referring to  FIG.  8 B , there is shown an Account view, UI  3300 C, that displays a collection of the user&#39;s email accounts. For example, the listed accounts include a Z.com Account  3328 - 1 , a Gmail Account  3328 - 2 , and a .Mac Account  3328 - 3 . From this window the user can select one of the listed accounts, in response to which the UI  3300  will display detailed information, such as a list of all folders, associated with the selected account. As shown in  FIG.  8 B , the user has selected for further display the Z.com Account  3340 , the result of which is described with reference to  FIG.  8 C . 
       FIG.  8 C  shows an exemplary view of a UI  3800 A that is displayed in response to the user&#39;s selection of the Z.com Account listing  3328 - 1  ( FIG.  8 B ). This view shows all mailboxes/folders associated with the selected account, which can include a subset or superset of the following mailboxes/folders: Inbox  3820 , Drafts  3822 , Sent  3824 , Trash  3826  and Personal  3828 . Each of the mailboxes/folders  3820 - 3828  can also include an indicator  3304  that shows the number of unread or unseat emails associated with that particular mailbox/folder. This view may also include an icon  3830  (e.g., Z.com) that indicates the email account associated with the currently displayed account information. 
     Management of Account Settings 
       FIG.  9 A  shows a device displaying a user interface with a settings menu. In response to detecting a user gesture  9200  on a mail icon  9210 , the device displays a mail settings menu, such as in  FIG.  9 B . 
       FIG.  9 B  shows a device displaying a user interface with a mail settings menu. In response to detecting a user gesture  9230 , the device scrolls a menu of mail accounts. In response to detecting a user gesture  9240  on a respective account, the device displays a list of mail settings for the respective account. 
       FIG.  9 C  shows a device displaying a user interface for adjusting SMTP mail settings. The device displays primary server SMTP mail settings  9310 , including settings  9312 ,  9314 ,  9316 , and  9318  in an exemplary embodiment. The device displays secondary server SMTP mail settings  9320 , including  9322  in an exemplary embodiment. The device also displays an option  9324  to add an additional server. 
     In some embodiments, UI  9000 A ( FIG.  9 A ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406  as described above; and   mail settings icon  9210 .       

     In some embodiments, UI 9000 B ( FIG.  9 B ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above; and   Additional Information icons (e.g., “&gt;”)  3306 , the activation of which may initiate display by the touch screen of additional details for the corresponding email account.       

     In some embodiments, UI 9000 C ( FIG.  9 C ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406  as described above;   primary mail settings  9310 , including exemplary options  9312 ,  9314 ,  9316 , and  9318 ;   secondary mail settings  9320 , including exemplary options  9322 , and  9324 .       

     Threaded Email 
       FIGS.  10 A- 10 C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for managing and accessing threaded email messages in accordance with some embodiments. In particular,  FIG.  10 A  shows a device displaying in a user interface an inbox with a plurality of email descriptors  3520 . The device displays a plurality of thread marker icons  1010 , indicating that for each marked email descriptor  3520 , there are other related emails in an email thread. The device scrolls the list in response to detecting a user gesture  1020 . The device detects a user gesture  1030  on an email descriptor  3520 - 1  that is part of an email thread, and in response the device displays an animation ( FIG.  10 B ) to UI  1000 C ( FIG.  10 C ). 
     In  FIG.  10 B , the device displays an animation  3566  of UI  1000 A sliding off screen and UI  1000 C sliding on screen. In an embodiment, the sliding motion is from right to left, but any slide direction could be used. In other embodiments, other animations such as fading, shredding, pixelating, etc. could be used to indicate a change. In  FIG.  10 B , as the device displays the email descriptors  3520  sliding off the screen, the device displays email descriptors  1050  related to the email thread selected in  FIG.  10 A  sliding onto the screen. 
       FIG.  10 C  shows a device displaying in a user interface an email thread with a plurality of related emails descriptors  1050 . In some embodiments, the device displays an icon  1070  to load more emails from a server or a network. In response to detecting a user gesture  1060 , the device scrolls the emails descriptors  1050 . 
     In some embodiments, UI 1000 A ( FIG.  10 A ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  3310 ,  3520  and  3560 , as described above; and   a plurality of email thread marker icons  1010 .       

     In some embodiments, UI 1000 B ( FIG.  10 B ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  1010 ,  3310 , and  3560  as described above; and   An animation  3566 .       

     In some embodiments, UI 1000 C ( FIG.  10 C ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  3310 , and  3560 , as described above;   a plurality of thread-related email descriptors  1050 ; and   an icon  1070  to initiate loading of more emails.       

     Deleting and/or Moving Multiple Emails 
       FIGS.  11 A- 11 C  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for deleting or moving multiple emails in accordance with some embodiments. In particular,  FIG.  11 A  shows a device displaying in a user interface an inbox with a plurality of email descriptors  3520 . The device displays ‘Edit’ option  1105 . The device detects a user selection gesture  1110  on the edit option  1105 , and in response, displays the user interface of  FIG.  11 B . 
       FIG.  11 B  shows a device displaying in a user interlace an inbox with a plurality of email descriptors  3520 . The device displays a ‘Done’ option  1130  that when activated ends the editing of the list of email descriptors  3520 . Beside each email descriptor  3520 , the device displays a selection icon  1120 . In some embodiments, the device displays a ‘Delete’ icon  3524  and a ‘Move’ icon  3522 . In some embodiments, the Move icon  3522  has a number corresponding to the number of selected emails. 
       FIG.  11 C  shows a device displaying in a user interface an inbox with a plurality of email descriptors  3520 . In response to user selection gesture  1140  on a selection icon  1120 , a selection mark  1150  (e.g., a check mark) is displayed and an updated number of selected emails is displayed in the ‘Move’  2522  icon. In  FIG.  11 C  the device displays three emails selected, in response to the device detecting three user selection gestures on the selection icons associated with the three emails. 
     In some embodiments, UI 1100 A ( FIG.  11 A ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  3310 ,  3520 ,  3560 , as described above; and an edit option  1105 .       

     In some embodiments, UI 1100 B ( FIG.  11 B ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  3310 ,  3520 ,  3560 , as described above;   a delete option  3524 ;   a move option  3522 ;   an done option  1130 ; and   selection icons  1120 .       

     In some embodiments, UI 1100 C ( FIG.  11 C ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  1120 ,  1130 ,  3520 ,  3522 ,  3524 , as described above;   selection marks (e.g., check marks)  1150 .       

       FIGS.  12 A- 12 I  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for managing “From,” “CC” and “BCC” information for emails in an email application in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, when a user opens a compose window to write an e-mail (including a reply to or forward of another email), in addition to the standard “To:” and “Subject:” lines associated with the email, a single blank line is displayed for “CC:/BCC:/From:” address field information. These fields are initially collapsed together in this manner as they are optional. That is, emails do not require CC: or BCC: addresses; and the From address in an email generally corresponds to the sender&#39;s default email address (e.g., the email address of the account from which the sender is sending the email). For example, if a user “sgold” replies to an email sent to their “z.com” account, the reply email will by default be identified as being sent by “sgold@z.com,” without any intervention by the user. Similarly, a new email composed by sgold in their z.com email account would by default be identified as being sent by “sgold@z.com.” 
     In contrast, in some embodiments, a user can specify an email address in the “From:” field of an email that differs from a default email address associated with that user. One reason for doing this is that a device  100  can be configured with multiple email accounts, all of which can be accessed from a unified inbox, as described above. The user might enter the desired “From:” address using a virtual keyboard, or they might select the “From:” address from a list of the addresses associated with email accounts that are available on the device  100 . For example, a email account list displayed for a user might include the following choices: sgold@z.com, sgold@mac.com and sgold@gmail.com. This list can also identify the particular account that is the default account (which would be used by default when the user composes a new email). 
     In some embodiments, a user who wishes to enter information for any or all of these address fields first places the cursor in the corresponding area of the display (e.g., by tapping next to the collapsed “CC:/BCC:/From:” line), which in turn causes individual lines to be displayed respectively for the “CC:,” “BCC”,” and “From:” fields. The user can enter information into any of these fields by tapping the corresponding line of the display, which causes a virtual keyboard to be displayed for entry of address characters. Alternatively, a user can select email addresses for any of these fields from contact information accessible to the email program. Optionally, a default value can be displayed in the expanded “From:” field; the user can then choose to change or keep this default “From:” value. 
     When the user is finished entering address information (e.g., when the user starts to compose the body of the email), the “BCC:,” “CC:” and “From” address fields are once again redisplayed in a compressed manner, which, among other advantages, conserves display space. 
     In some embodiments, information in the From, CC and BCC fields is compressed by eliminating individual display lines/regions for those address fields for which information was either not entered by the user, or which employ default values. For example, if the user enters an address for the “CC:” field, enters no address for the “BCC:” field, and keeps the default “From:” address value, upon entering the email compose mode, the compressed address would include a displayed line for the “CC:” address, and the “BCC:” and “From:” lines would be collapsed to be displayed as a “BCC/From:” line. 
     In particular,  FIG.  12 A  shows a device displaying in a user interface a soft keyboard and email address and subject fields. The device displays a name typed in the ‘To’ field, and the cursor  1205  is displayed in the ‘To’ field. The ‘CC’, ‘BCC’ and ‘From’ fields are displayed as empty and collapsed together. The figure shows the device detecting a contact  1210  on the collapsed ‘CC/BCC/From’ field. In response to detecting the contact  1210  (e.g. a finger gesture or a stylus contact) on the collapsed ‘CC/BCC/From’ field, the device expands these fields, as shown in  FIG.  12 B . 
       FIG.  12 B  shows a device displaying in a user interface a soft keyboard and email address and subject fields. The subject field is displayed partially below the soft keyboard. The device displays an email address of the user of the device in the ‘From’ field, and the cursor  1205  is displayed in the ‘From’ field. 
       FIG.  12 C  shows a device displaying in a user interface a soft keyboard and email address and subject fields. The subject field is displayed partially below the soft keyboard. In response to detecting a contact  1220  (e.g., a finger gesture or a stylus contact) on the ‘CC’ field, the device displays the cursor  1205  in this field. The device displays a name input in the ‘CC’ field. 
       FIG.  12 D  shows a device displaying in a user interface a soft keyboard and email address and subject fields. The subject field is displayed partially below the soft keyboard. In response to detecting a contact  1230  (e.g. a finger gesture or a stylus) on the ‘BCC’ field, the device displays the cursor  1205  in this field. The device displays a name input in the ‘BCC’ field. 
       FIG.  12    E shows a device displaying in a user interface a soft keyboard and email address and subject fields. The subject field is displayed partially below the soft keyboard. In response to detecting a contact  1240  (e.g. a finger gesture or a stylus contact) on the subject field, the device collapses the ‘From’ field and any unfilled ‘CC’ and ‘BCC’ fields, as shown in  FIG.  12 F . 
       FIG.  12 F  shows a device displaying in a user interface a soft keyboard and email address and subject fields. In  FIG.  12 F , the ‘CC’ and ‘From’ fields are displayed collapsed together. The device detects a contact  1250  (e.g. a finger gesture or a stylus) on the collapsed ‘CC/From’ field, and in response displays these expanded fields as shown in  FIG.  12 G . 
       FIG.  12 G  shows a device displaying in a user interface a soft keyboard and email address and subject fields. The subject field is displayed partially below the soft keyboard. 
       FIG.  12 H  shows a device displaying in a user interface a soft keyboard and email address and subject fields. The subject field is displayed partially below the soft keyboard. The device detects a contact  1260  (e.g. a finger gesture or a stylus) on the ‘From’ field, and in response displays a set of ‘From’ sender options as shown in  FIG.  12 I . 
       FIG.  12 I  shows a device displaying in a user interface a set of sender options and email address and subject fields. The subject field is displayed partially below the sender options. The device displays the ‘From’ field as highlighted,  1272  and displays the sender options as a scrollable list and/or ‘wheel’ of options  1270 . The device displays the wheel scrolling vertically in response to a user gesture  1280 . The currently selected sender option (e.g., sgold@mac.com) is displayed in the middle of the wheel and is marked  1275 , for example by a check mark. User selection of one of the other user email addresses in the scrollable list (e.g., a finger tap gesture) lets the user change the email account from which the email is sent. 
     In some embodiments, UI  1200 A-UI  1200 H ( FIGS.  12 A- 12 H ) include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above; and   a cursor  1205 .       

     In some embodiments, UI  1200 I ( FIG.  12 I ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 , as described above;   a highlight  1272 ;   a sender options list and/or ‘wheel’  1270 ; and   a check mark  1275  next to the selected sender email address.       

     Methods of Operating a Mail Application 
       FIGS.  13 A- 13 H  are flow diagrams illustrating methods  1300 ,  1340 ,  1360 ,  1370 ,  1390 ,  1420 ,  1450 , and  1470 , respectively, of operating a mail application in accordance with some embodiments. The methods are performed on a portable electronic device with a touch screen display (e.g., portable multifunction device  100 ). 
     In a method  1300  shown in  FIG.  13 A , a portable electronic device having a display switches ( 1302 ) between electronic inboxes that can be accessed from the electronic device. Method  1300  provides a simple and intuitive way for a user to switch between a first inbox and a second inbox. This is a convenient way to change the inbox viewed with a minimum of user actions required. 
     The device displays ( 1304 ) a first icon while displaying first contents of a first inbox. In some embodiments, the first icon includes ( 1306 ) status information related to the inboxes corresponding to the inbox selection icons. In some embodiments, the status information is conveyed ( 1308 ) using display attributes of the first icon. In some embodiments, the device updates ( 1310 ) the status information by changing color of at least a portion of the first icon to indicate presence of new items in at least one of the inboxes corresponding to the inbox selection icons. 
     In response to user selection of the first icon, the device displays ( 1312 ) a set of inbox selection icons. In some embodiments, each of the inbox selection icons includes ( 1314 ) an inbox identifier for a respective electronic inbox. In some embodiments, each of the inbox selection icons includes ( 1316 ) an inbox counter indicating a total number of unread items in the respective electronic inbox. 
     In some embodiments, the device displays ( 1318 ) status information related to the inboxes corresponding to the inbox selection icons. In some embodiments, the status information is conveyed ( 1320 ) using a badge associated with the icon. 
     In some embodiments, displaying the inbox selection icons includes partially displaying the first inbox as a peel-away page and displaying the inbox selection icons in display space not occupied by the partially displayed first inbox ( 1322 ). In some embodiments, the peel-away page is represented as one or more of: a curled-up page or a folded page ( 1324 ). In some embodiments, in response to user selection of the partially displayed first inbox, the device displays ( 1326 ) first contents of the first inbox. 
     In response to user selection of one of the inbox selection icons, the device displays ( 1328 ) second contents of a second inbox corresponding to the inbox selection icon selected by the user. 
     In a method  1340  shown in  FIG.  13 B , a portable electronic device (e.g., device  100 ) having a display displays ( 1342 ) contents of a plurality of electronic inboxes that can be accessed from the electronic device. 
     The device displays ( 1344 ) a first icon while displaying first contents of a first inbox. 
     In response to user selection of the first icon, the device displays ( 1346 ) unified contents of the plurality of electronic inboxes. In some embodiments, the electronic inboxes comprise email inboxes ( 1348 ). 
     In some embodiments, the device determines ( 1350 ) the plurality of electronic inboxes automatically by identifying accounts used by the user on the electronic device. 
     In some embodiments, the device displays ( 1352 ) a second icon while displaying the unified contents of the plurality of electronic inboxes. In response to user selection of the second icon, the device displays ( 1354 ) a list of the plurality of electronic inboxes. In response to user selection of an item in the list of the plurality of electronic inboxes, the device displays ( 1356 ) contents of a second inbox corresponding to the selected item. 
     In a method  1360  shown in  FIG.  13 C , an electronic device with a display and a user input device provides ( 1362 ) a list of SMTP servers that can be employed by a user of the electronic device to send email. 
     When an attempt to send an email message via a first one of the SMTP servers is unsuccessful, the device repeatedly attempts ( 1364 ) to send the email message via second ones of the SMTP servers until the email is successfully sent. 
     In a method  1370  shown in  FIG.  13 D , an electronic device with a display and a user input device receives ( 1372 ) a plurality of emails at the electronic device. 
     The device identifies ( 1374 ) at least a first email that is part of an email thread having a plurality of thread members. 
     In some embodiments, identifying the first email that is part of an email thread includes: determining ( 1378 ) degree of similarity of at least a subject and a sender identity associated with the thread members; and determining ( 1380 ) that the first email is part of the first thread based on the degree of similarity and one or more heuristics relating to determining thread membership. In some embodiments, the heuristics are applied ( 1382 ) computationally by the electronic device. 
     The device displays ( 1384 ) a plurality of email descriptors corresponding to at least a subset of the emails, including the first email. 
     The device displays ( 1386 ) a first thread descriptor in conjunction with the email descriptor that corresponds to the first email. The first thread descriptor indicates a number of the thread members associated with the first thread. 
     In response to user selection of the email descriptor corresponding to the first email, the device displays ( 1388 ) a second set of email descriptors for the email thread that includes the first email. 
     In a method  1390  shown in  FIG.  13 E , an electronic device with a display and a user input device receives ( 1392 ) a plurality of emails at the electronic device. 
     The device identifies ( 1394 ) at least a first email that includes one or more associated image files. 
     The device displays ( 1396 ) a representation of the one or more associated image files in context of the first email. 
     In response to user selection of the representation, the device displays ( 1398 ) a set of image file options including an option to display a slideshow of the attached photos. 
     In response to user selection of the option to display a slideshow of the attached photos, the device displays ( 1400 ) the slideshow of the attached photos. 
     In some embodiments, if there are other non-image file attachments to the first email, the device selects ( 1402 ) only the image-file attachments for display in the slideshow. 
     In a method  1420  shown in  FIG.  13 F , a portable electronic device having a touch screen display displays ( 1422 ) an email message having a plurality of photo attachments. 
     The device detects ( 1424 ) a user gesture on or near the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the detected user gesture is a finger touch on a displayed image corresponding to one of the photo attachments ( 1426 ). In some embodiments, the detected user gesture is a finger touch on a displayed icon corresponding to one of the photo attachments ( 1428 ). 
     In response to detecting the gesture, the device displays ( 1430 ) a plurality of options for managing the plurality of photo attachments, including an option to save the plurality of photo attachments and an option to display a slideshow of the plurality of photo attachments. 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 1432 ) user selection of the option to display a slideshow. In response to detecting the user selection of the option to display a slideshow, the device displays ( 1434 ) a slideshow of the plurality of photo attachments. 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 1436 ) user selection of the option to save the plurality of photo attachments. In response to detecting the user selection of the option to save the plurality of photo attachments, the device saves ( 1438 ) the plurality of photo attachments. 
     In some embodiments, the slideshow includes display of a sequence of photos corresponding to the plurality of photo attachments and display ( 1440 ) of a file name for each respective photo in the slideshow when the respective photo is displayed. 
     In some embodiments, the slideshow includes display of a sequence of photos corresponding to the plurality of photo attachments, including: the device detects a finger swipe gesture during display of the slideshow, and, in response to detecting the finger swipe gesture, the device advances ( 1442 ) the slideshow to a next photo in the sequence of photos. 
     In a method  1450  shown in  FIG.  13 G , an electronic device with a display and a user input device displays ( 1452 ) a first user interface in which a user can compose an email. The first user interface includes a collapsed field corresponding to CC, BCC and From address information. 
     In response to user selection of the collapsed field, the device displays ( 1454 ) first individual CC, BCC and From fields and the device enables a user to enter address values in at least one of the first CC, BCC and From fields. In some embodiments, enabling the user to enter address values comprises displaying ( 1456 ) a virtual keyboard that overlays a portion of the first interface. 
     In some embodiments, following completion of user entry of address values in at least one of the first CC, BCC and From fields, the device displays ( 1458 ) a recollapsed field in place of the collapsed field. The recollapsed field includes: at least one second individual field displaying respective values of any of the CC, BCC and From fields entered by the user; and, if there are at least two of the CC, BCC or From fields in which the user did not enter a respective value, a second collapsed field corresponding to such at least two of the CC, BCC or From fields. 
     In some embodiments, the device enables ( 1460 ) the user to enter an address value in the From field that is different from a default From address value associated with the user. 
     In a method  1470  shown in  FIG.  13 H , an electronic device with a display and a user input device provides ( 1472 ) a list of SMTP servers that can be employed by the electronic device to send email. 
     When the device fails to successfully transmit a first email via one of the listed SMTP servers, the device attempts ( 1474 ) to transmit the first email via another of the listed SMTP servers. 
     In some embodiments, one of the SMTP servers is characterized as a default server and other SMTP servers on the list of SMTP servers are characterized as alternate servers. A first attempt by the electronic device to send the email is via the default SMTP server ( 1476 ). 
     The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20210630
Publication Date: 20240319
Grant Date: 20240319
Priority Date: 20080304
Inventors: LEMAY, STEPHEN O.
VAN OS, MARCEL
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04L51/42", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04817", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06Q10/107", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04817", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L51/42", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06Q10/107", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04817", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06Q10/107", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L51/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 41054892