PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11314147-B1
Application Number: US-201916417936-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B1

Title: Folded camera with actuator for moving optics

Abstract:
Various embodiments include a camera with folded optics. Some embodiments include a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator module to provide autofocus (AF) and/or optical image stabilization (OIS) movement. Some embodiments include suspension arrangements. Some embodiments include flexure arrangements.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A camera, comprising:
 a folded optics arrangement configured to fold a path of light, the folded optics arrangement comprising:
 a first prism; 
 a second prism; and 
 a lens group disposed between the first prism and the second prism, wherein the lens group includes one or more lens elements; 
 
 an image sensor to capture light that has passed through the first prism, the lens group, and the second prism; and 
 an actuator module configured to tilt the first prism relative to the lens group and relative to the image sensor. 
 
     
     
       2. The camera of  claim 1 , wherein the actuator module comprises one or more voice coil motor (VCM) actuators. 
     
     
       3. The camera of  claim 1 , wherein the actuator module is further configured to move the lens group relative to the image sensor. 
     
     
       4. The camera of  claim 3 , wherein the actuator module comprises:
 a first optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator to tilt the first prism relative to the image sensor to provide OIS movement of an image, captured via the image sensor, in a first direction; 
 a second OIS VCM actuator to translate the lens group relative to the image sensor to provide OIS movement of the image in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction; and 
 an autofocus (AF) VCM actuator to translate the lens group relative to the image sensor to provide AF movement of the lens group in a third direction that is orthogonal to the second direction. 
 
     
     
       5. The camera of  claim 4 , wherein, to tilt the first prism relative to the image sensor, the first OIS VCM actuator is configured to rotate the first prism about an axis that is parallel to the second direction. 
     
     
       6. The camera of  claim 4 , wherein:
 the second OIS VCM actuator comprises:
 OIS magnets, comprising:
 a first OIS magnet; and 
 a second OIS magnet opposite the first magnet with respect to the lens group; and 
 
 OIS coils, comprising:
 a first OIS coil proximate the first magnet; and 
 a second OIS coil proximate the second magnet and opposite the first OIS coil with respect to the lens group; and 
 
 
 the AF VCM actuator comprises:
 an AF magnet; and 
 an AF coil; 
 wherein the AF magnet and the AF coil are located proximate one another and below the lens group. 
 
 
     
     
       7. A system, comprising:
 a camera, comprising:
 a folded optics arrangement configured to fold a path of light, the folded optics arrangement comprising:
 a first prism; 
 a second prism; and 
 a lens group disposed between the first prism and the second prism, wherein the lens group includes one or more lens elements; 
 
 an image sensor to capture light that has passed through the first prism, the lens group, and the second prism; 
 an actuator module configured to translate the lens group, relative to the first prism and the second prism and relative to the image sensor, along two axes; and 
 a suspension arrangement to suspend the lens group and allow movement of the lens group along the two axes. 
 
 
     
     
       8. The system of  claim 7 , wherein the suspension arrangement comprises:
 a spring attached to at least one of a lens barrel that holds the lens group or a lens carrier that is coupled to the lens group; 
 one or more wires, wherein a wire of the one or more wires comprises:
 a top end portion attached to the spring; and 
 a bottom end portion attached to a fixed structure of the camera. 
 
 
     
     
       9. The system of  claim 8 , wherein the suspension arrangement further comprises a viscoelastic material that surrounds at least a portion of the wire to dampen movement of the wire. 
     
     
       10. The system of  claim 8 , wherein the wire extends, from the top end portion to the bottom end portion, in a direction that is orthogonal to an optical axis defined by the lens group. 
     
     
       11. The system of  claim 7 , wherein:
 the suspension arrangement comprises a flexure formed from a sheet; and 
 the flexure comprises:
 a top end portion attached to at least one of a lens barrel that holds the lens group or a lens carrier that is coupled to the lens group; and 
 a bottom end portion attached to a fixed structure of the camera. 
 
 
     
     
       12. The system of  claim 11 , wherein the suspension arrangement further comprises a viscoelastic material that surrounds at least a portion of the flexure to dampen movement of the flexure. 
     
     
       13. The system of  claim 12 , wherein the flexure extends, from the top end portion to the bottom end portion, in a direction that is orthogonal to an optical axis defined by the lens group. 
     
     
       14. A device, comprising:
 a folded optics arrangement configured to fold a path of light, the folded optics arrangement comprising:
 a prism module; and 
 a lens group comprising one or more lens elements; and 
 
 an image sensor to capture light that has passed through the prism module and the lens group; 
 wherein the prism module comprises:
 a prism; 
 a prism carrier; 
 a base; 
 an actuator configured to tilt the prism relative to the lens group and relative to the image sensor; and 
 a flexure arrangement comprising one or more flexures that engage the prism carrier and the base. 
 
 
     
     
       15. The device of  claim 14 , wherein:
 the prism is a first prism of the folded optics arrangement; 
 the folded optics arrangement further comprises a second prism; 
 the lens group is located between the first prism and the second prism; and 
 the image sensor captures light that has passed through the first prism, the lens group, and the second prism. 
 
     
     
       16. The device of  claim 14 , wherein:
 the actuator is a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator; and 
 the VCM actuator tilts the prism relative to the image sensor to provide optical image stabilization (OIS) movement of an image, on the image sensor, in at least one direction. 
 
     
     
       17. The device of  claim 16 , wherein:
 the VCM actuator comprises:
 a magnet attached to the prism carrier; and 
 a coil attached to the base; and 
 
 the VCM actuator tilts the prism, together with the prism carrier, relative to the base. 
 
     
     
       18. The device of  claim 16 , wherein:
 the VCM actuator comprises:
 a coil attached to the prism carrier; and 
 a magnet attached to the base; and 
 
 the VCM actuator tilts the prism, together with the prism carrier, relative to the base. 
 
     
     
       19. The device of  claim 14 , wherein the flexure arrangement comprises:
 a first flexure that has a longest dimension in a first direction; and 
 a second flexure that has a longest dimension in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. 
 
     
     
       20. The device of  claim 19 , wherein:
 the first flexure defines a vertically oriented plane; 
 the second flexure defines a horizontally oriented plane; and 
 an intersection between the vertically oriented plane and the horizontally oriented plane defines an axis about which the prism is tilted when actuated via the actuator.

Description:
This application claims benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/678,928, filed May 31, 2018, titled “Folded Camera with Actuator for Moving Optics”, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     This disclosure relates generally to architecture for a camera with folded optics. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     The advent of small, mobile multipurpose devices such as smartphones and tablet or pad devices has resulted in a need for high-resolution, small form factor cameras for integration in the devices. Some small form factor cameras may incorporate optical image stabilization (OIS) mechanisms that may sense and react to external excitation/disturbance by adjusting location of the optical lens on the X and/or Y axis in an attempt to compensate for unwanted motion of the lens. Some small form factor cameras may incorporate an autofocus (AF) mechanism whereby the object focal distance can be adjusted to focus an object plane in front of the camera at an image plane to be captured by the image sensor. In some such autofocus mechanisms, the optical lens is moved as a single rigid body along the optical axis of the camera to refocus the camera. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a perspective view of an example camera with a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. Furthermore,  FIG. 1  indicates directions of movement of a lens group and a prism of the folded optics arrangement of the camera, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 2A-2D  each illustrates a respective view of an example camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 2A  is a perspective view of the camera that illustrates an example actuator arrangement and an example suspension arrangement of the camera.  FIG. 2B  is a side cross-sectional view of the camera that illustrates the actuator arrangement.  FIG. 2C  is a perspective cross-sectional view of the camera that illustrates the actuator arrangement.  FIG. 2D  is a perspective view of the camera that illustrates the actuator arrangement and the suspension arrangement. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a perspective view of another example suspension arrangement for a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 4A-4D  each illustrates a respective view of an example prism module that may include an example actuator and an example flexure arrangement to control movement of a prism within a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 4A  shows an exploded view of the prism module. 
         FIG. 4B  shows a perspective view of the prism module along with other components of the folded optics arrangement of the camera.  FIG. 4C  shows a perspective view of the prism module that illustrates an aspect of how the flexure arrangement is coupled with a prism carrier and a prism base structure.  FIG. 4D  shows a perspective view of the prism module that illustrates an aspect of how the flexure arrangement is coupled with the prism carrier. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a perspective view of another example prism module that may include another example flexure arrangement to control movement of a prism within a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates a perspective view of yet another example prism module that may include another example flexure arrangement to control movement of a prism within a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a block diagram of an example portable multifunction device that may include a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 8  depicts an example portable multifunction device that may include a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates an example computer system that may include a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     This specification includes references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment.” The appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure. 
     “Comprising.” This term is open-ended. As used in the appended claims, this term does not foreclose additional structure or steps. Consider a claim that recites: “An apparatus comprising one or more processor units . . . .” Such a claim does not foreclose the apparatus from including additional components (e.g., a network interface unit, graphics circuitry, etc.). 
     “Configured To.” Various units, circuits, or other components may be described or claimed as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is used to connote structure by indicating that the units/circuits/components include structure (e.g., circuitry) that performs those task or tasks during operation. As such, the unit/circuit/component can be said to be configured to perform the task even when the specified unit/circuit/component is not currently operational (e.g., is not on). The units/circuits/components used with the “configured to” language include hardware—for example, circuits, memory storing program instructions executable to implement the operation, etc. Reciting that a unit/circuit/component is “configured to” perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112, sixth paragraph, for that unit/circuit/component. Additionally, “configured to” can include generic structure (e.g., generic circuitry) that is manipulated by software and/or firmware (e.g., an FPGA or a general-purpose processor executing software) to operate in manner that is capable of performing the task(s) at issue. “Configure to” may also include adapting a manufacturing process (e.g., a semiconductor fabrication facility) to fabricate devices (e.g., integrated circuits) that are adapted to implement or perform one or more tasks. 
     “First,” “Second,” etc. As used herein, these terms are used as labels for nouns that they precede, and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.). For example, a buffer circuit may be described herein as performing write operations for “first” and “second” values. The terms “first” and “second” do not necessarily imply that the first value must be written before the second value. 
     “Based On.” As used herein, this term is used to describe one or more factors that affect a determination. This term does not foreclose additional factors that may affect a determination. That is, a determination may be solely based on those factors or based, at least in part, on those factors. Consider the phrase “determine A based on B.” While in this case, B is a factor that affects the determination of A, such a phrase does not foreclose the determination of A from also being based on C. In other instances, A may be determined based solely on B. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first contact could be termed a second contact, and, similarly, a second contact could be termed a first contact, without departing from the intended scope. The first contact and the second contact are both contacts, but they are not the same contact. 
     The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     As used herein, the term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Some embodiments include camera equipment outfitted with controls, magnets, and voice coil motors to improve the effectiveness of a miniature actuation mechanism for a compact camera module. More specifically, in some embodiments, compact camera modules include actuators to deliver functions such as autofocus (AF) and/or optical image stabilization (OIS). One approach to delivering a very compact actuator for AF and/or OIS is to use a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator. 
     In some embodiments, a camera may have a folded optics arrangement, an image sensor, and an actuator module. The folded optics arrangement may be configured to fold a path of light. The folded optics arrangement may include a first prism, a lens group, and a second prism. The lens group may include one or more lens elements. Furthermore, the lens group may be disposed between the first prism and the second prism. The image sensor may be configured to capture light that has passed through the first prism, the second prism, the lens group, and the second prism. 
     According to various embodiments, the actuator module may be configured to move the lens group relative to the image sensor. Additionally, or alternatively, the actuator module may be configured to tilt the first prism relative to the image sensor. 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module may include one or more VCM actuators. For instance, the actuator module may include a first OIS VCM actuator to tilt the first prism relative to the image sensor to provide OIS movement of an image (e.g., an image captured via the image sensor) in a first direction. Furthermore, the actuator module may include a second OIS VCM actuator to translate the lens group relative to the image sensor to provide OIS movement of the image in a second direction, e.g., a direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. Furthermore, the actuator module may include an AF VCM actuator to translate the lens group in a third direction, e.g., a direction that is orthogonal to the second direction. In some embodiments, to tilt the first prism relative to the image sensor, the first OIS VCM actuator may be configured to rotate the first prism about an axis that is parallel to the second direction. 
     In some embodiments, the second OIS VCM actuator may include one or more OIS magnets and one or more OIS coils. For instance, the OIS magnets may include a first OIS magnet and a second OIS magnet. The second OIS magnet may be opposite the first magnet with respect to the lens group in some examples. The OIS coils may include a first OIS coil and a second OIS coil. The first OIS coil may be located proximate the first magnet. The second OIS coil may be located proximate the second magnet and opposite the first OIS coil with respect to the lens group. 
     In some examples, the AF VCM actuator may include an AF magnet and an AF coil. The AF magnet and the AF coil may be located proximate one another and below the lens group in some cases. 
     In some embodiments, a system may include a camera having a folded optics arrangement. The folded optics arrangement may be configured to fold a path of light. The folded optics arrangement may include a first prism, a second prism, and a lens group. The lens group may include one or more lens elements. Furthermore, the lens group may be disposed between the first prism and the second prism. In some embodiments, the camera may further include an image sensor to capture light that has passed through the first prism, the lens group, and the second prism. According to various embodiments, the camera may further include an actuator module configured to move the lens group (e.g., relative to an image sensor) along two axes. Furthermore, the camera may include a suspension arrangement to suspend the lens group and allow movement of the lens group along the two axes. 
     In some examples, the suspension arrangement may include a spring and one or more wires. The spring may be attached to a lens barrel that holds the lens group and/or to a lens carrier that is coupled to the lens group. The wires may include a wire having a top end portion that is attached to the spring, and a bottom end portion that is attached to a fixed structure of the camera. In some embodiments, the suspension arrangement may further include a viscoelastic material that surrounds at least a portion of the wire to dampen movement of the wire. In some cases, the wire may extend, from the top end portion to the bottom end portion, in a direction that is orthogonal to an optical axis defined by the lens group. 
     In some examples, the suspension arrangement may include a flexure formed from a sheet. The flexure may have a top end portion that is attached to the lens barrel (and/or the lens carrier), and a bottom end portion that is attached to a fixed structure of the camera. In some embodiments, the suspension arrangement may further include a viscoelastic material that surrounds at least a portion of the flexure to dampen movement of the flexure. In some cases, the flexure may extend, from the top end portion to the bottom end portion, in a direction that is orthogonal to the optical axis defined by the lens group. 
     In some embodiments, a device may include a folded optics arrangement and an image sensor. The folded optics arrangement may be configured to fold a path of light. According to various embodiments, the folded optics arrangement may include a prism module and a lens group. The lens group may include one or more lens elements. The image sensor may be configured to capture light that has passed through the prism module and the lens group. In various embodiments, the prism module may include a prism, a prism carrier, a base, an actuator, and/or a flexure arrangement. The actuator may be configured to tilt the prism relative to the image sensor. The flexure arrangement may include one or more flexures that engage the prism carrier and the base. 
     In some examples, the prism may be a first prism of the folded optics arrangement, and the folded optics arrangement may further include a second prism. The lens group may be located between the first prism and the second prism. The image sensor may be configured to capture light that has passed through the first prism, the lens group, and the second prism. 
     In some embodiments, the actuator may be a VCM actuator that tilts the prism relative to the image sensor to provide OIS movement of an image, on the image sensor, in at least one direction. In some cases, the VCM actuator may include a magnet attached to the prism carrier, and a coil attached to the base. In other cases, the VCM actuator may include a coil attached to the prism carrier, and a magnet attached to the base. The VCM actuator may tilt the prism, together with the prism carrier, relative to the base in some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, the flexure arrangement may include a first flexure and a second flexure. According to some examples, the first flexure may have a longest dimension in a first direction. Furthermore, the second flexure may have a longest dimension in a second direction, e.g., a direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. In some embodiments, the first flexure may define a vertically oriented plane, and the second flexure may define a horizontally oriented plane. An intersection between the vertically oriented plane and the horizontally oriented plan may define an axis about which the prism is tilted when actuated via the actuator. 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that some embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a perspective view of an example camera  100  with a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. Furthermore,  FIG. 1  indicates directions of movement of a lens group and a prism of the folded optics arrangement of the camera  100 , in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the camera  100  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 2A-10 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  100  may include a lens group  102 , a first prism  104 , a second prism  106 , and an image sensor package  108 . The lens group  102  may include one or more lens elements (e.g., held within a lens barrel and/or a lens carrier). In some embodiments, the lens group  102  may be located between the first prism  104  and the second prism  106 , forming the folded optics arrangement. Light may follow an optical path  110  that is folded by the first prism  104  such that the light is directed towards the lens group  102 , passes through the lens group  102 , and is folded by the second prism  106  such that the light is directed towards the image sensor package  108 . As will be discussed in further detail below, the lens group  102  and/or the first prism  104  may be coupled with an actuator module that is configured to move the lens group  102  and/or the first prism  104 , e.g., to provide autofocus (AF) and/or optical image stabilization (OIS) movement. 
     As indicated in  FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the lens group  102  may be shifted (e.g., by one or more actuators such as those discussed in further detail below) along axis  112  to provide AF movement. Additionally, or alternatively, the lens group  102  may be shifted along axis  114  to provide OIS movement in the OIS-Y directions (also referred to herein as “OIS-Y movement”). Additionally, or alternatively, the first prism  104  may be rotated (or tilted) about axis  114  to provide OIS movement in OIS-X directions (also referred to herein as “OIS-X movement”), which are orthogonal to the OIS-Y directions. 
       FIGS. 2A-2D  each illustrates a respective view of an example camera  200  having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 2A  is a perspective view of the camera that illustrates an example actuator arrangement and an example suspension arrangement of the camera.  FIG. 2B  is a side cross-sectional view of the camera that illustrates the actuator arrangement.  FIG. 2C  is a perspective cross-sectional view of the camera that illustrates the actuator arrangement.  FIG. 2D  is a perspective view of the camera that illustrates the actuator arrangement and the suspension arrangement. In some embodiments, the camera  200  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 3A-9 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  200  may include a lens group  202 , a first prism  204 , a second prism  206 , and an image sensor package  208 . The lens group  202  may include one or more lens elements  210  disposed within a lens barrel  212  (and/or a lens carrier). In some embodiments, the image sensor package  208  may include an image sensor  214  and a substrate  216  that is coupled to and/or supports the image sensor  214 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  200  may include an actuator module to move the lens group  202  and/or the first prism  204 , e.g., to provide AF and/or OIS movement. In some embodiments, the actuator module may comprise a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator module that includes one or more VCM actuators. The VCM actuator module may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. The magnets and coils may magnetically interact (e.g., when electrical current is provided to the coils) to produce Lorentz forces that move the lens group  202  and/or the first prism  204 . 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module may include an AF VCM actuator  218 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 2B-2D . The AF VCM actuator  218  may include an AF magnet  220  (e.g., a dual-pole magnet) and an AF coil  222 . The AF magnet  220  and the AF coil  222  may be located proximate one another. In some embodiments, the AF magnet  220  may be coupled to the lens barrel  212 . For instance, the AF magnet  220  may be attached to the lens barrel  212  such that the AF magnet  220  is located below the lens element(s)  210  and/or the lens group  202 . In some cases, the lens barrel  212  may define a recess within which the AF magnet  220  may be at least partially disposed, e.g., as indicated in  FIGS. 2B and 2C . In this manner, the impact of the AF VCM actuator  218  on the dimension of the system along its vertical axis (also referred to herein as the “system Z-axis”) may be reduced. In some embodiments, the AF coil  222  may be coupled to a fixed (or static) structure  224  of the camera  200 . For instance, the AF coil  222  may be attached to the fixed structure  224  such that the AF coil  222  is located below the AF magnet  220 . 
     In some embodiments, the AF magnet  220  may have a longest dimension that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the AF coil  222 . In some embodiments, the AF coil  222  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the AF coil  222  define a plane that is substantially parallel to the image sensor  214 . The AF coil  222  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the AF magnet  220  to produce Lorentz forces that move the AF magnet  220 , the lens barrel  212 , and/or the lens group  202  along an axis (e.g., along axis  112  of  FIG. 1 ) to provide AF movement of the lens group  202 . The AF coil  222 , being attached to the fixed structure  224 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the AF magnet  220 . 
     While the AF magnet  220  and the AF coil  222  are shown as being coupled to the lens barrel  212  and the fixed structure  224 , respectively, it should be understood that in some embodiments the AF coil  222  may be coupled to the lens barrel  212 , and the AF magnet  220  may be coupled to the fixed structure  224 . 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module may include an OIS-Y VCM actuator  226 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2D . The OIS-Y VCM actuator  226  may include one or more OIS-Y magnets  228  (e.g., single-pole magnets) and one or more OIS-Y coils  230 . In some embodiments, each OIS-Y magnet  228  may be located proximate a respective OIS-Y coil  230 . For instance, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  226  may include a pair of OIS-Y magnets  228  that are opposite one another with respect to the lens group  202 , and a pair of OIS-Y coils  230  that are opposite one another with respect to the lens group  202 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG. 2D . 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y magnets  228  may be coupled to the lens barrel  212 . For instance, each OIS-Y magnet  228  may be attached to the lens barrel  212  such that it is located between the lens barrel  212  and a respective OIS-Y coil  230 . In some embodiments, the OIS-Y coils  230  may be coupled to a fixed structure (e.g., fixed structure  224  and/or another fixed structure). According to some examples, the fixed structure  224  may be a flex circuit that is common to (or shared by) the OIS-Y coils  230  and the AF coil  222 . That is, the OIS-Y coils  230  and the AF coil  222  may be formed on, embedded in, and/or otherwise coupled to the common flex circuit. Portions of the common flex circuit at which the OIS-Y coils  230  are located may be folded relative to a portion of the common flex circuit at which the AF coil  222  is located, such that the OIS-Y coils  230  are oriented at an angle (e.g., 90 degrees) to the AF coil  222 . In some embodiments, the OIS-Y coils  230  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-Y coils  230  define a respective plane that is substantially orthogonal to the AF coil  222  and/or the image sensor  214 . The OIS-Y coils  230  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the OIS-Y magnets  228  to produce Lorentz forces that move the OIS-Y magnets  228 , the lens barrel  212 , and/or the lens group  202  along an axis (e.g., along axis  114  of  FIG. 1 ) to provide OIS-Y movement of an image on the image sensor  214 . The OIS-Y coils  230 , being attached to the fixed structure, may remain stationary relative to the movement of the OIS-Y magnets  228 . 
     While the OIS-Y magnets  228  and the OIS-Y coils  230  are shown as being coupled to the lens barrel  212  and the fixed structure, respectively, it should be understood that in some embodiments the OIS-Y coils  230  may be coupled to the lens barrel  212 , and the OIS-Y magnets  228  may be coupled to the fixed structure. 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module may include an OIS-X VCM actuator  232 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 2B and 2C . The OIS-X VCM actuator  232  may be configured to move the first prism  204 . According to various examples, the OIS-X VCM actuator  232  may be configured to tilt the first prism  204  about an axis (e.g., about axis  114  of  FIG. 1 ) to provide OIS-X movement of the image on the image sensor  214 . For instance, the OIS-X movement of the image on the image sensor may be orthogonal to the OIS-Y movement of the image on the image sensor. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-X VCM actuator  232  may include an OIS-X magnet  234  (e.g., a dual-pole magnet) and an OIS-X coil  236 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 2B and 2C . The OIS-X magnet  234  may be located proximate the OIS-X coil  236 . In some cases, the OIS-X magnet  234  may be coupled to a structure that moves together with the prism  204 , and the OIS-X coil  236  may be coupled to a fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the prism  204 . For instance, the structure that moves together with the prism  204  may be a prism carrier  238  and/or a prism base  240  that are part of a prism module, such as the prism module  400  described below with reference to  FIGS. 4A-4D . In some cases, the fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the prism  204  may be the prism base  240 , the fixed structure  224 , and/or another fixed structure. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-X magnet  234  may have a longest dimension that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the OIS-X coil  236 . In some embodiments, the OIS-X coil  236  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-X coil  236  define a plane that is substantially parallel to the image sensor  214 . The OIS-X coil  236  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the OIS-X magnet  234  to produce Lorentz forces that tilt the prism  204  about an axis (e.g., about axis  114  of  FIG. 1 ) to provide OIS-X movement of the image on the image sensor  214 . 
     While the OIS-X magnet  234  and the OIS-X coil  236  are described as being coupled to a structure that moves together with the prism  204  and a fixed structure, respectively, it should be understood that in some embodiments the OIS-X coil  236  may be coupled to the structure that moves together with the prism  204 , and the OIS-X magnet  234  may be coupled to the fixed structure. 
     In various embodiments, the OIS-X VCM actuator  232  may be tucked within a space under a portion of the first prism  204 , e.g., as indicated in  FIGS. 2B and 2C . In this manner, the impact of the OIS-X VCM actuator  232  on the dimension of the system along its long axis (also referred to herein as the “system X-axis”) and along the system Z-axis may be reduced or eliminated. 
     As will be discussed in further detail below with reference to  FIGS. 4A-4D , the prism module may include a flexure arrangement. In some instances, the flexure arrangement may be used to control movement of the first prism  204 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  200  may include a suspension arrangement  242 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2D . For instance, the suspension arrangement  242  may suspend the lens group  202 . Additionally, or alternatively, the suspension arrangement  242  may allow for movement of the lens group  202  along multiple axes. For example, the suspension arrangement  242  may provide for controlled AF and/or OIS-Y movement. In some instances, the suspension arrangement  242  may be configured to limit movement of the lens group  202  along an axis (e.g., an axis that is orthogonal to axis  112  and axis  114  of  FIG. 1 ). 
     In some embodiments, the suspension arrangement  242  may include one or more springs  244  and one or more suspension wires  246 . For instance, the suspension arrangement  242  may include a pair of springs  244  that are opposite one another with respect to the lens group  202 , e.g., as indicated in  FIGS. 2A and 2D . Each of the springs  244  may be attached to the lens barrel  212  in some embodiments. In some examples, the springs  244  may extend from the lens barrel  212  along a plane that is above the OIS-Y magnet  228  and/or the OIS-Y coil  230 . Each suspension wire  246  may extend downward from a respective portion of a respective spring  244 . For example, each spring  244  may have one or more respective end portions, and each suspension wire  246  may have a top end portion that is attached to a respective end portion of a respective spring  244 . Furthermore, each suspension wire  246  may have a bottom end portion that is attached to a fixed structure (e.g., fixed structure  224  and/or another fixed structure). 
     In some embodiments, the lens element(s)  210  of the lens group  202  may define an optical axis that is substantially parallel to a plane defined by the spring(s)  244 . Additionally, or alternatively, the suspension wire(s)  246  may extend in directions that are substantially orthogonal to the optical axis and/or the plane defined by the spring(s)  244 . 
     In various embodiments, the suspension arrangement  242  may provide compliance and/or stiffness for controlled movement of the lens barrel  212  and/or the lens group  202 . According to some examples, the suspension wires  246  may flex to allow controlled AF movement (e.g., along axis  112  of  FIG. 1 ) and/or OIS-Y movement (e.g., along axis  114  of  FIG. 1 ) of the lens group  202 . In some instances, e.g., during such AF and/or OIS-Y movement, the springs  244  may not flex (or may flex substantially less than the suspension wires  246 ). Moreover, in some cases, the springs  244  may substantially limit movement in directions orthogonal to directions of AF movement and/or OIS-Y movement. In some embodiments, the springs  244  may be stiff, but provide a small level of compliance (e.g., in directions orthogonal to directions of AF movement and/or OIS-Y movement) to prevent the suspension wires  246  from snapping or otherwise being damaged in certain circumstances (e.g., a drop event). 
     In some embodiments, the camera  200  and/or the suspension arrangement  242  may include a damper that dampens movement of one or more of the suspension wires  246 . For instance, the suspension wires  246  may be at least partially disposed within a viscoelastic material  248  (e.g., a viscoelastic gel). In some examples, one or more structures  250  may form one or more pockets within which the viscoelastic material  248  may be disposed. The viscoelastic material  248  may be located along any portion(s) of the length of a suspension wire  246 . In some embodiments, the viscoelastic material  248  may be located along a central portion of the length of a suspension wire  246 . 
     In some examples, the camera  200  and/or the image sensor package  208  may include a filter  252  (e.g., an infrared filter) coupled to the substrate  216 . For instance, the filter  252  may be located above the image sensor  214  such that light passes through the filter  262  before reaching the image sensor  214 . 
     According to some embodiments, the camera  200  may include a lens carrier (not shown). The lens carrier may at least partially surround the lens element(s)  210  and/or the lens barrel  212 . In various embodiments, one or more components described herein as having a structural and/or positional relationship with respect to the lens barrel  212  (e.g., being coupled to the lens barrel, being located below the lens barrel, etc.) may additionally or alternatively apply with respect to the lens carrier. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a perspective view of another example suspension arrangement  300  for a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the suspension arrangement  300  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 1-2D and 4A-9 . 
     In some embodiments, the suspension arrangement  300  may suspend a lens group (e.g., lens group  102  of  FIG. 1 , lens group  202  of  FIG. 2 , etc.). Additionally, or alternatively, the suspension arrangement  300  may allow for movement of the lens group along multiple axes. For example, the suspension arrangement  300  may provide for controlled AF and/or OIS-Y movement. In some instances, the suspension arrangement  300  may be configured to limit movement of the lens group along an axis (e.g., an axis that is orthogonal to axis  112  and axis  114  of  FIG. 1 ). 
     In some embodiments, the suspension arrangement  300  may include one or more flexures  302 . In some examples, a flexure  302  may be formed from a sheet. For instance, a sheet may be etched to form the flexure  302 . In some embodiments the suspension arrangement  300  may include two pairs of flexures  302 —a first pair of flexures  302  and a second pair of flexures  302  that are opposite one another with respect to the lens group. 
     In some embodiments, a top end portion of a flexure  302  may be coupled to a lens barrel  304  of the lens group. In some cases, one or more protrusions  306  may extend from the lens barrel  304 , and the top end portion of the flexure  302  may be attached to a protrusion  306 . Furthermore, a bottom end portion of the flexure  302  may be coupled to a fixed structure of the camera. The extension of the flexure  302  from the top end portion to the bottom end portion may define a plane (e.g., a vertically oriented plane) that is orthogonal to an optical axis defined by the lens element(s) of the lens group. The plane defined by the flexure  302  may be orthogonal to a plane defined by the OIS-Y coil(s)  230 . In some examples, a pair of flexures  302  may be opposite one another with respect to the OIS-Y VCM actuator  226 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG. 3 . For instance, the OIS-Y magnet  228  and the OIS-Y coil  230  of the OIS-Y VCM actuator  226  may be located between the pair of flexure  302 . 
     In various embodiments, the suspension arrangement  300  may provide compliance and/or stiffness for controlled movement of the lens barrel  304  and/or the lens group. According to some examples, the flexures  302  may flex to allow controlled AF movement (e.g., along axis  112  of  FIG. 1 ) and/or OIS-Y movement (e.g., along axis  114  of  FIG. 1 ) of the lens group. In some instances, the flexures  302  may substantially limit movement in directions orthogonal to directions of AF movement and/or OIS-Y movement. 
     While not shown in  FIG. 3 , the suspension arrangement  300  and/or the camera may include a damper that dampens movement of one or more of the flexures  302 , e.g., as described above with reference to  FIGS. 2A and 2D . For instance, the flexures  302  may be at least partially disposed within a viscoelastic material (e.g., a viscoelastic gel). In some examples, one or more structures may form one or more pockets within which the viscoelastic material may be disposed. The viscoelastic material may be located along any portion(s) of the flexure  302 . In some embodiments, the viscoelastic material may be located along a central portion of the length of a flexure  302 . 
       FIGS. 4A-4D  each illustrates a respective view of an example prism module  400  that may include an example actuator and an example flexure arrangement to control movement of a prism within a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 4A  shows an exploded view of the prism module  400 .  FIG. 4B  shows a perspective view of the prism module  400  along with other components of the folded optics arrangement of the camera.  FIG. 4C  shows a perspective view of the prism module  400  that illustrates an aspect of how the flexure arrangement engages with a prism carrier and a base structure.  FIG. 4D  shows a perspective view of the prism module  400  that illustrates an aspect of how the flexure arrangement is coupled with the prism carrier. In some embodiments, the prism module  400 , the actuator, and/or the flexure arrangement may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 1-3 and 5-9 . 
     In some embodiments, the prism module  400  may include a prism  402 , a prism carrier  404 , and a base  406 . Furthermore, the prism module  400  may include a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator  408  and/or a flexure arrangement  410 , e.g., to provide controlled tilt movement of the prism  402  (together with the prism carrier  404 ) relative to the base  406 . In various embodiments, the prism  402  may be one of multiple prisms in the folded optics arrangement of the camera. For instance, the prism  402  may be a first prism, and the folded optics arrangement may further include a lens group  412  and a second prism  414 . The lens group  412  may be located between the first prism  402  and the second prism  414 , e.g., as shown in  FIG. 4B . 
     According to some examples, the VCM actuator  408  may include a magnet  416  (e.g., a dual-pole magnet) and a coil  418 . The magnet  416  may be located proximate the coil  418 . In some embodiments, the magnet  416  may be attached to the prism carrier  404 , and the coil  416  may be attached to the base  406 . In other embodiments, the coil  418  may be attached to the prism carrier  404 , and the magnet  416  may be attached to the base  406 . The prism carrier  404  may hold or otherwise support the prism  402  such that the prism  402  moves together with the prism carrier  404 . The base  406  may be a fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the prism  402  and/or the prism carrier  404 . In some embodiments, the magnet  416  may have a longest dimension that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the coil  418 . 
     In some embodiments, the flexure arrangement  410  may include one or more upper flexures  420  and one or more lower flexures  422 . According to some examples, an upper flexure  420  may be attached to the base  406 . For instance, the upper flexure  420  may have a pair of end portions that are opposite one another. A first end portion of the upper flexure  420  may be attached to a first side of the base  406 , and a second end portion of the upper flexure  420  may be attached to a second side of the base  406  that is opposite the first side of the base  406 . Furthermore, a portion of the upper flexure  420  may engage a portion of the prism carrier  404 . For instance, as indicated in  FIGS. 4A-4D , a middle portion of the upper flexure  420  may engage a protrusion  424  of the prism carrier  404 . The protrusion  424  may extend from a side of the prism  402  that faces away from the lens group in some embodiments. In some examples, the upper flexure  420  may engage the protrusion  424  such that the upper flexure  420  flexes when the prism  402  is tilted via the VCM actuator  408 . In some examples, the middle portion of the upper flexure  420  may be attached to the protrusion  424 . 
     In some embodiments, a lower flexure  422  may have a first end portion that is attached to a first side of the base  406 , and a second end portion that is attached to a corresponding first side of the prism carrier  404 , e.g., as indicated in  FIGS. 4A and 4B . As indicated in  FIG. 4A , the flexure arrangement  410  may include a pair of lower flexures  422  that are opposite one another with respect to the prism  402  in some embodiments.  FIG. 4D  illustrates an example of how a lower flexure  422  may flex when the prism  402  is tilted via the VCM actuator  408 . In  FIG. 4D , the base  406  is not shown. 
     According to various examples, the upper flexure  420  may be located closer to an upper surface of the prism  402  than the lower flexures  422 . In some examples, the upper flexure  420  may have a longest dimension in a first direction. Furthermore, each of the lower flexures  422  may have a respective longest dimension in a second direction, e.g., in a direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. In some embodiments, the upper flexure  420  may define a vertically oriented plane. The lower flexures  422  may define a horizontally oriented plane. In some instances, an intersection between the vertically oriented plane and the horizontally oriented plane may define an axis about which the prism  402  is tilted via the VCM actuator  408 . 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a perspective view of another example prism module  500  that may include another example flexure arrangement to control movement of a prism within a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the prism module and/or the flexure arrangement  502  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 1-4D and 6-9 . 
     In some embodiments, the prism module  500  may include a prism  502 , a prism carrier  504 , a base  506 , and the flexure arrangement  508 . The flexure arrangement  508  may include an upper flexure  510  and a lower flexure  512 . 
     According to some examples, the upper flexure  510  may be attached to the base  506 . For instance, the upper flexure  510  may have a pair of end portions that are opposite one another. A first end portion of the upper flexure  510  may be attached to a first side of the base  506 , and a second end portion of the upper flexure  510  may be attached to a second side of the base  506  that is opposite the first side of the base  506 . Furthermore, a portion of the upper flexure  510  may engage a portion of the prism carrier  504 . For instance, as indicated in  FIG. 5 , a middle portion of the upper flexure  510  may engage a protrusion  514  of the prism carrier  504 . The protrusion  514  may extend from a side of the prism  502  that faces away from the lens group in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the upper flexure  510  may engage a first portion of the protrusion  514  such that the upper flexure  510  flexes when the prism  502  is tilted. In some examples, the middle portion of the upper flexure  510  may be attached to the first portion of the protrusion  514 . 
     In some embodiments, the lower flexure  512  may be attached to the base  506 . For instance, the lower flexure  512  may have a pair of end portions that are opposite one another. A first end portion of the lower flexure  512  may be attached to a first side of the base  506 , and a second end portion of the lower flexure  512  may be attached to a second side of the base  506  that is opposite the first side of the base  506 . Furthermore, a portion of the lower flexure  512  may engage a portion of the prism carrier  504 . For instance, as indicated in  FIG. 5 , a middle portion of the lower flexure  512  may engage the protrusion  514 . In some embodiments, the lower flexure  512  may engage a second portion of the protrusion  514  such that the lower flexure  512  flexes when the prism  502  is tilted. In some examples, the middle portion of the lower flexure  512  may be attached to the second portion of the protrusion  514 . 
     According to some embodiments, the first portion of the protrusion  514  may be a first surface that engages the upper flexure  510 , and the second portion of the protrusion  514  may be a second surface that engages the lower flexure  512 . In some instances, the first surface may be substantially orthogonal to second surface. 
     In some cases, the upper flexure  510  may be located closer to an upper surface of the prism  502  than the lower flexure  512 . In some examples, the upper flexure  510  and the lower flexure  512  may each have a respective longest dimension in a same direction. In some embodiments, the upper flexure  510  may define a vertically oriented plane. The lower flexure  512  may define a horizontally oriented plane. In some instances, an intersection between the vertically oriented plane and the horizontally oriented plane may define an axis about which the prism  502  is tilted. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a perspective view of yet another example prism module  600  that may include yet another example flexure arrangement to control movement of a prism within a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the prism module  600  and/or the flexure arrangement may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 1-5 and 7-9 . 
     In some embodiments, the prism module  600  may include prism  502 , prism carrier  504 , base  506 , upper flexure  510 , lower flexure  512 , and protrusion  514  described above with reference to  FIG. 5 . The flexure arrangement  602  of the prism module  600 , however, may further include another set of one or more lower flexures  604 . The lower flexures  604  may be like the lower flexures  422  described above with reference to  FIGS. 4A-4D . 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a block diagram of an example portable multifunction device  700  that may include a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the portable multifunction device  700  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 1-6, 8, and 9 . 
     Camera(s)  764  is sometimes called an “optical sensor” for convenience, and may also be known as or called an optical sensor system. Device  700  may include memory  702  (which may include one or more computer readable storage mediums), memory controller  722 , one or more processing units (CPUs)  720 , peripherals interface  718 , RF circuitry  708 , audio circuitry  710 , speaker  711 , touch-sensitive display system  712 , microphone  713 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  706 , other input or control devices  716 , and external port  724 . Device  700  may include one or more optical sensors  764 . These components may communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  703 . 
     It should be appreciated that device  700  is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device  700  may have more or fewer components than shown, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG. 7  may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  702  may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  702  by other components of device  700 , such as CPU  720  and the peripherals interface  718 , may be controlled by memory controller  722 . 
     Peripherals interface  718  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU  720  and memory  702 . The one or more processors  720  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  702  to perform various functions for device  700  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, peripherals interface  718 , CPU  720 , and memory controller  722  may be implemented on a single chip, such as chip  704 . In some other embodiments, they may be implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  708  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  708  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  708  may include well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  708  may communicate with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication may use any of a variety of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSDPA), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  710 , speaker  711 , and microphone  713  provide an audio interface between a user and device  700 . Audio circuitry  710  receives audio data from peripherals interface  718 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  711 . Speaker  711  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  710  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  713  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  710  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  718  for processing. Audio data may be retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  702  and/or RF circuitry  708  by peripherals interface  718 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  710  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  812 ,  FIG. 8 ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  710  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  706  couples input/output peripherals on device  700 , such as touch screen  712  and other input control devices  716 , to peripherals interface  718 . I/O subsystem  706  may include display controller  756  and one or more input controllers  760  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  760  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  716 . The other input control devices  716  may include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  760  may be coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  808 ,  FIG. 8 ) may include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  711  and/or microphone  713 . The one or more buttons may include a push button (e.g.,  806 ,  FIG. 8 ). 
     Touch-sensitive display  712  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller  756  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen  712 . Touch screen  712  displays visual output to the user. The visual output may include graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output may correspond to user-interface objects. 
     Touch screen  712  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen  712  and display controller  756  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  702 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen  712  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on touch screen  712 . In an example embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen  712  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     Touch screen  712  may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies may be used in other embodiments. Touch screen  712  and display controller  756  may detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a variety of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen  712 . In an example embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used. 
     Touch screen  712  may have a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user may make contact with touch screen  712  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  700  may include a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen  712  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  700  also includes power system  762  for powering the various components. Power system  762  may include a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     Device  700  may also include one or more optical sensors or cameras  764 .  FIG. 7  shows an optical sensor  764  coupled to optical sensor controller  758  in I/O subsystem  706 . Optical sensor  764  may include charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor  764  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  743  (also called a camera module), optical sensor  764  may capture still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor  764  is located on the back of device  700 , opposite touch screen display  712  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display  712  may be used as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image may be obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. 
     Device  700  may also include one or more proximity sensors  766 .  FIG. 7  shows proximity sensor  766  coupled to peripherals interface  718 . Alternately, proximity sensor  766  may be coupled to input controller  760  in I/O subsystem  706 . In some embodiments, the proximity sensor  766  turns off and disables touch screen  712  when the multifunction device  700  is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  700  includes one or more orientation sensors  768 . In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  768  include one or more accelerometers (e.g., one or more linear accelerometers and/or one or more rotational accelerometers). In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  768  include one or more gyroscopes. In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  768  include one or more magnetometers. In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  768  include one or more of global positioning system (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), and/or other global navigation system receivers. The GPS, GLONASS, and/or other global navigation system receivers may be used for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  700 . In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  768  include any combination of orientation/rotation sensors.  FIG. 7  shows the one or more orientation sensors  768  coupled to peripherals interface  718 . Alternately, the one or more orientation sensors  768  may be coupled to an input controller  760  in I/O subsystem  706 . In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display  712  in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more orientation sensors  768 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  702  include operating system  726 , communication module (or set of instructions)  728 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  730 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  732 , text input module (or set of instructions)  734 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  735 , arbiter module  758  and applications (or sets of instructions)  736 . Furthermore, in some embodiments memory  702  stores device/global internal state  757 . Device/global internal state  757  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display  712 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and input control devices  716 ; and location information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  726  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  728  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  724  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  708  and/or external port  724 . External port  724  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector. 
     Contact/motion module  730  may detect contact with touch screen  712  (in conjunction with display controller  756 ) and other touch sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  730  and display controller  756  detect contact on a touchpad. Contact/motion module  730  may detect a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns. Graphics module  732  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen  712  or other display, including components for changing the intensity of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. Text input module  734 , which may be a component of graphics module  732 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts, e-mail, and any other application that needs text input). GPS module  735  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications  736  (e.g., to a camera application as picture/video metadata). 
     Applications  736  may include one or more modules (e.g., a contacts module, an email client module, a camera module for still and/or video images, etc.) Examples of other applications  736  that may be stored in memory  702  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. Each of the modules and applications correspond to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  702  may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  702  may store additional modules and data structures not described above. 
       FIG. 8  depicts an example portable multifunction device  700  that may include a camera with a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the portable multifunction device  700  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 1-7 and 9 . 
     The device  700  may have a touch screen  712 . The touch screen  712  may display one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  800 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user may select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  802  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  803  (not drawn to scale in the figure). 
     Device  700  may also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  804 . As described previously, menu button  804  may be used to navigate to any application  736  in a set of applications that may be executed on device  700 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button  804  is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen  712 . 
     In one embodiment, device  700  includes touch screen  712 , menu button  804 , push button  806  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  808 , Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  810 , head set jack  812 , and docking/charging external port  724 . Push button  806  may be used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device  700  also may accept verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  713 . 
     It should be noted that, although many of the examples herein are given with reference to optical sensor(s)/camera(s)  764  (on the front of a device), one or more rear-facing cameras or optical sensors that are pointed opposite from the display may be used instead of, or in addition to, an optical sensor(s)/camera(s)  764  on the front of a device. 
       FIG. 9  illustrates an example computer system  900  that may include a camera with a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the computer system  900  may include one or multiple features, components, and/or functionality of embodiments described herein with reference to  FIGS. 1-8 . 
     The computer system  900  may be configured to execute any or all of the embodiments described above. In different embodiments, computer system  900  may be any of various types of devices, including, but not limited to, a personal computer system, desktop computer, laptop, notebook, tablet, slate, pad, or netbook computer, mainframe computer system, handheld computer, workstation, network computer, a camera, a set top box, a mobile device, a consumer device, video game console, handheld video game device, application server, storage device, a television, a video recording device, a peripheral device such as a switch, modem, router, or in general any type of computing or electronic device. 
     Various embodiments of a camera motion control system as described herein, including embodiments of magnetic position sensing, as described herein may be executed in one or more computer systems  900 , which may interact with various other devices. Note that any component, action, or functionality described above with respect to  FIGS. 1-14  may be implemented on one or more computers configured as computer system  900  of  FIG. 9 , according to various embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, computer system  900  includes one or more processors  910  coupled to a system memory  920  via an input/output (I/O) interface  930 . Computer system  900  further includes a network interface  940  coupled to I/O interface  930 , and one or more input/output devices  950 , such as cursor control device  960 , keyboard  970 , and display(s)  980 . In some cases, it is contemplated that embodiments may be implemented using a single instance of computer system  900 , while in other embodiments multiple such systems, or multiple nodes making up computer system  900 , may be configured to host different portions or instances of embodiments. For example, in one embodiment some elements may be implemented via one or more nodes of computer system  900  that are distinct from those nodes implementing other elements. 
     In various embodiments, computer system  900  may be a uniprocessor system including one processor  910 , or a multiprocessor system including several processors  910  (e.g., two, four, eight, or another suitable number). Processors  910  may be any suitable processor capable of executing instructions. For example, in various embodiments processors  910  may be general-purpose or embedded processors implementing any of a variety of instruction set architectures (ISAs), such as the x86, PowerPC, SPARC, or MIPS ISAs, or any other suitable ISA. In multiprocessor systems, each of processors  910  may commonly, but not necessarily, implement the same ISA. 
     System memory  920  may be configured to store camera control program instructions  922  and/or camera control data accessible by processor  910 . In various embodiments, system memory  920  may be implemented using any suitable memory technology, such as static random access memory (SRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), nonvolatile/Flash-type memory, or any other type of memory. In the illustrated embodiment, program instructions  922  may be configured to implement a lens control application  924  incorporating any of the functionality described above. Additionally, existing camera control data  932  of memory  920  may include any of the information or data structures described above. In some embodiments, program instructions and/or data may be received, sent or stored upon different types of computer-accessible media or on similar media separate from system memory  920  or computer system  900 . While computer system  900  is described as implementing the functionality of functional blocks of previous Figures, any of the functionality described herein may be implemented via such a computer system. 
     In one embodiment, I/O interface  930  may be configured to coordinate I/O traffic between processor  910 , system memory  920 , and any peripheral devices in the device, including network interface  940  or other peripheral interfaces, such as input/output devices  950 . In some embodiments, I/O interface  930  may perform any necessary protocol, timing or other data transformations to convert data signals from one component (e.g., system memory  920 ) into a format suitable for use by another component (e.g., processor  910 ). In some embodiments, I/O interface  930  may include support for devices attached through various types of peripheral buses, such as a variant of the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus standard or the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard, for example. In some embodiments, the function of I/O interface  930  may be split into two or more separate components, such as a north bridge and a south bridge, for example. Also, in some embodiments some or all of the functionality of I/O interface  930 , such as an interface to system memory  920 , may be incorporated directly into processor  910 . 
     Network interface  940  may be configured to allow data to be exchanged between computer system  900  and other devices attached to a network  985  (e.g., carrier or agent devices) or between nodes of computer system  900 . Network  985  may in various embodiments include one or more networks including but not limited to Local Area Networks (LANs) (e.g., an Ethernet or corporate network), Wide Area Networks (WANs) (e.g., the Internet), wireless data networks, some other electronic data network, or some combination thereof. In various embodiments, network interface  940  may support communication via wired or wireless general data networks, such as any suitable type of Ethernet network, for example; via telecommunications/telephony networks such as analog voice networks or digital fiber communications networks; via storage area networks such as Fibre Channel SANs, or via any other suitable type of network and/or protocol. 
     Input/output devices  950  may, in some embodiments, include one or more display terminals, keyboards, keypads, touchpads, scanning devices, voice or optical recognition devices, or any other devices suitable for entering or accessing data by one or more computer systems  900 . Multiple input/output devices  950  may be present in computer system  900  or may be distributed on various nodes of computer system  900 . In some embodiments, similar input/output devices may be separate from computer system  900  and may interact with one or more nodes of computer system  900  through a wired or wireless connection, such as over network interface  940 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 9 , memory  920  may include program instructions  922 , which may be processor-executable to implement any element or action described above. In one embodiment, the program instructions may implement the methods described above. In other embodiments, different elements and data may be included. Note that data may include any data or information described above. 
     Those skilled in the art will appreciate that computer system  900  is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of embodiments. In particular, the computer system and devices may include any combination of hardware or software that can perform the indicated functions, including computers, network devices, Internet appliances, PDAs, wireless phones, pagers, etc. Computer system  900  may also be connected to other devices that are not illustrated, or instead may operate as a stand-alone system. In addition, the functionality provided by the illustrated components may in some embodiments be combined in fewer components or distributed in additional components. Similarly, in some embodiments, the functionality of some of the illustrated components may not be provided and/or other additional functionality may be available. 
     Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, while various items are illustrated as being stored in memory or on storage while being used, these items or portions of them may be transferred between memory and other storage devices for purposes of memory management and data integrity. Alternatively, in other embodiments some or all of the software components may execute in memory on another device and communicate with the illustrated computer system via inter-computer communication. Some or all of the system components or data structures may also be stored (e.g., as instructions or structured data) on a computer-accessible medium or a portable article to be read by an appropriate drive, various examples of which are described above. In some embodiments, instructions stored on a computer-accessible medium separate from computer system  900  may be transmitted to computer system  900  via transmission media or signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication medium such as a network and/or a wireless link. Various embodiments may further include receiving, sending or storing instructions and/or data implemented in accordance with the foregoing description upon a computer-accessible medium. Generally speaking, a computer-accessible medium may include a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium or memory medium such as magnetic or optical media, e.g., disk or DVD/CD-ROM, volatile or non-volatile media such as RAM (e.g. SDRAM, DDR, RDRAM, SRAM, etc.), ROM, etc. In some embodiments, a computer-accessible medium may include transmission media or signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication medium such as network and/or a wireless link. 
     The methods described herein may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination thereof, in different embodiments. In addition, the order of the blocks of the methods may be changed, and various elements may be added, reordered, combined, omitted, modified, etc. Various modifications and changes may be made as would be obvious to a person skilled in the art having the benefit of this disclosure. The various embodiments described herein are meant to be illustrative and not limiting. Many variations, modifications, additions, and improvements are possible. Accordingly, plural instances may be provided for components described herein as a single instance. Boundaries between various components, operations and data stores are somewhat arbitrary, and particular operations are illustrated in the context of specific illustrative configurations. Other allocations of functionality are envisioned and may fall within the scope of claims that follow. Finally, structures and functionality presented as discrete components in the example configurations may be implemented as a combined structure or component. These and other variations, modifications, additions, and improvements may fall within the scope of embodiments as defined in the claims that follow.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20190521
Publication Date: 20220426
Grant Date: 20220426
Priority Date: 20180531
Inventors: SHARMA, SHASHANK
MIREAULT, ALFRED N.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04N23/54", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/57", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0023", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B30/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/17", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B3/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B13/36", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/04", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/17", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0023", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B13/36", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/17", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/04", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0023", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 81259819