PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10712824-B2
Application Number: US-201816144950-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Content-based tactile outputs

Abstract:
The present disclosure generally relates to content-based tactile outputs. In some embodiments, user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs are described. In some embodiments, user interfaces associated with end-of-content tactile outputs are described. In some embodiments, user interfaces associated with moving a user interface in response to different types of input are described. In some embodiments, user interfaces associated with adjustable item-based tactile outputs are described. In some embodiments, user interfaces associated with input velocity-based tactile outputs are described.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An electronic device, comprising:
 a display; 
 a rotatable input element; 
 one or more tactile output generators; 
 one or more processors; and 
 memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
 displaying, on the display, a user interface; 
 while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a first input; and 
 
 in response to detecting the first input:
 navigating through the user interface, wherein navigating through the user interface comprises:
 moving a first portion of the user interface off of the display such that the first portion of the user interface is no longer visible on the display; and 
 while moving the first portion of the user interface off of the display, concurrently moving a second portion of the user interface onto the display such that the second portion of the user interface becomes visible on the display; and 
 
 generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including:
 in accordance with a determination that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an amount or speed of rotation of the rotatable input element caused by the first input; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a second type of content different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an amount of movement of predefined units of content on the display, and while navigating through the user interface, generating the tactile output comprises generating the tactile output in response to a movement of a first predefined unit of content into alignment on the display. 
 
 
 
     
     
       2. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the first type of tactile output sequence is different from the second type of tactile output sequence. 
     
     
       3. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the first type of tactile output sequence is determined independently of the movement of content in the user interface. 
 
     
     
       4. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the predefined units of content correspond to visually distinguished content elements within the content. 
     
     
       5. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the user interface does not include content that is the second type of content. 
     
     
       6. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the user interface does not include content that is the first type of content. 
     
     
       7. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, further including:
 in accordance with a determination that the user interface is displaying a terminal portion of the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a third type of tactile output sequence, different from the first type of tactile output sequence, indicating that the content is at the terminal portion; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user interface is not displaying a terminal portion of the first type of content, the tactile output portion corresponding to the navigation does not include the third type of tactile output sequence. 
 
 
     
     
       8. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein, in accordance with the determination that the user interface includes the second type of content, and:
 in accordance with a determination that the predefined units of content are of a first type, the tactile output has a first amplitude; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the predefined units of content are of a second type different from the first type; the tactile output has a second amplitude smaller than the first amplitude. 
 
     
     
       9. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the number of tactile outputs generated in the first type of tactile output sequence corresponds to a speed of the first input, wherein the first input is a rotational input on the rotatable input element. 
     
     
       10. The electronic device of  claim 1 , including, while navigating through the user interface, in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the second type of content, generating the tactile output comprises generating the tactile output in response a movement of a first predefined unit of content out of alignment on the display. 
     
     
       11. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 displaying, on the display, a second user interface different from the user interface; 
 while displaying the second user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a second input; and 
 in response to detecting the second input:
 in accordance with a determination that the second input does not cause a navigation of the second user interface, forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a tactile output; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the second input causes a navigation of the second user interface, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output. 
 
 
     
     
       12. The electronic device of  claim 11 , wherein the second user interface corresponds to a notification, and wherein the notification replaces display of the user interface. 
     
     
       13. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 while displaying the user interface, detecting, via a second input element different from the rotatable input element, a second input; and 
 in response to detecting the second input:
 navigating through the user interface; and 
 forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface. 
 
 
     
     
       14. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 in response to detecting the first input:
 generating audio output associated with the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including:
 in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the first type of content, the audio output includes a first type of audio output sequence that is associated with the first type of tactile output sequence; and 
 in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the second type of content, the audio output includes a second type of audio output sequence that is associated with the second type of tactile output sequence. 
 
 
 
     
     
       15. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 in accordance with a determination that an event triggering a notification is detected while not detecting input via the rotatable input element, generating a tactile output corresponding to the notification; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the event triggering the notification is detected while detecting input via the rotatable input element, forgoing generating the tactile output corresponding to the notification. 
 
     
     
       16. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 in accordance with a determination that an event triggering a notification is detected while detecting the first input, forgoing generating a tactile output corresponding to the notification until predefined criteria are met; and 
 in response to a determination that the predetermined criteria have been met, generating the tactile output corresponding to the notification. 
 
     
     
       17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, a rotatable input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for:
 displaying, on the display, a user interface; 
 while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a first input; and 
 in response to detecting the first input:
 navigating through the user interface, wherein navigating through the user interface comprises:
 moving a first portion of the user interface off of the display such that the first portion of the user interface is no longer visible on the display; and 
 while moving the first portion of the user interface off of the display, concurrently moving a second portion of the user interface onto the display such that the second portion of the user interface becomes visible on the display; and 
 
 generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including:
 in accordance with a determination that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an amount or speed of rotation of the rotatable input element caused by the first input; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a second type of content different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an amount of movement of predefined units of content on the display, and while navigating through the user interface, generating the tactile output comprises generating the tactile output in response to a movement of a first predefined unit of content into alignment on the display. 
 
 
 
     
     
       18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the first type of tactile output sequence is different from the second type of tactile output sequence. 
     
     
       19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein:
 the first type of tactile output sequence is determined independently of the movement of content in the user interface. 
 
     
     
       20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the predefined units of content correspond to visually distinguished content elements within the content. 
     
     
       21. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the user interface does not include content that is the second type of content. 
     
     
       22. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the user interface does not include content that is the first type of content. 
     
     
       23. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, further including:
 in accordance with a determination that the user interface is displaying a terminal portion of the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a third type of tactile output sequence, different from the first type of tactile output sequence, indicating that the content is at the terminal portion; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user interface is not displaying a terminal portion of the first type of content, the tactile output portion corresponding to the navigation does not include the third type of tactile output sequence. 
 
 
     
     
       24. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein, in accordance with the determination that the user interface includes the second type of content, and:
 in accordance with a determination that the predefined units of content are of a first type, the tactile output has a first amplitude; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the predefined units of content are of a second type different from the first type, the tactile output has a second amplitude smaller than the first amplitude. 
 
     
     
       25. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the number of tactile outputs generated in the first type of tactile output sequence corresponds to a speed of the first input, wherein the first input is a rotational input on the rotatable input element. 
     
     
       26. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , including, while navigating through the user interface, in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the second type of content, generating the tactile output comprises generating the tactile output in response a movement of a first predefined unit of content out of alignment on the display. 
     
     
       27. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 displaying, on the display, a second user interface different from the user interface; 
 while displaying the second user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a second input; and 
 in response to detecting the second input:
 in accordance with a determination that the second input does not cause a navigation of the second user interface, forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a tactile output; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the second input causes a navigation of the second user interface, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output. 
 
 
     
     
       28. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 27 , wherein the second user interface corresponds to a notification, and wherein the notification replaces display of the user interface. 
     
     
       29. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 while displaying the user interface, detecting, via a second input element different from the rotatable input element, a second input; and 
 in response to detecting the second input:
 navigating through the user interface; and 
 forgoing generating; via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface. 
 
 
     
     
       30. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 in response to detecting the first input:
 generating audio output associated with the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including:
 in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the first type of content, the audio output includes a first type of audio output sequence that is associated with the first type of tactile output sequence; and 
 in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the second type of content, the audio output includes a second type of audio output sequence that is associated with the second type of tactile output sequence. 
 
 
 
     
     
       31. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 in accordance with a determination that an event triggering a notification is detected while not detecting input via the rotatable input element, generating a tactile output corresponding to the notification; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the event triggering the notification is detected while detecting input via the rotatable input element, forgoing generating the tactile output corresponding to the notification. 
 
     
     
       32. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 in accordance with a determination that an event triggering a notification is detected while detecting the first input, forgoing generating a tactile output corresponding to the notification until predefined criteria are met; and 
 in response to a determination that the predetermined criteria have been met, generating the tactile output corresponding to the notification. 
 
     
     
       33. A method, comprising:
 at an electronic device with a display, a rotatable input element, and one or more tactile output generators:
 displaying, on the display, a user interface; 
 while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a first input; and 
 in response to detecting the first input:
 navigating through the user interface, wherein navigating through the user interface comprises:
 moving a first portion of the user interface off of the display such that the first portion of the user interface is no longer visible on the display; and 
 while moving the first portion of the user interface off of the display, concurrently moving a second portion of the user interface onto the display such that the second portion of the user interface becomes visible on the display; and 
 
 generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including:
 in accordance with a determination that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an amount or speed of rotation of the rotatable input element caused by the first input; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a second type of content different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an amount of movement of predefined units of content on the display, and while navigating through the user interface, generating the tactile output comprises generating the tactile output in response to a movement of a first predefined unit of content into alignment on the display. 
 
 
 
 
     
     
       34. The method of  claim 33 , wherein the first type of tactile output sequence is different from the second type of tactile output sequence. 
     
     
       35. The method of  claim 33 , wherein:
 the first type of tactile output sequence is determined independently of the movement of content in the user interface. 
 
     
     
       36. The method of  claim 33 , wherein the predefined units of content correspond to visually distinguished content elements within the content. 
     
     
       37. The method of  claim 33 , wherein the user interface does not include content that is the second type of content. 
     
     
       38. The method of  claim 33 , wherein the user interface does not include content that is the first type of content. 
     
     
       39. The method of  claim 33 , further comprising:
 generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, further including:
 in accordance with a determination that the user interface is displaying a terminal portion of the firm type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a third type of tactile output sequence, different from the first type of tactile output sequence, indicating that the content is at the terminal portion; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user interface is not displaying a terminal portion of the first type of content, the tactile output portion corresponding to the navigation does not include the third type of tactile output sequence. 
 
 
     
     
       40. The method of  claim 33 , wherein, in accordance with the determination that the user interface includes the second type of content, and:
 in accordance with a determination that the predefined units of content are of a first type, the tactile output has a first amplitude; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the predefined units of content are of a second type different from the first type, the tactile output has a second amplitude smaller than the first amplitude. 
 
     
     
       41. The method of  claim 33 , wherein the number of tactile outputs generated in the first type of tactile output sequence corresponds to a speed of the first input, wherein the first input is a rotational input on the rotatable input element. 
     
     
       42. The method of  claim 33 , including, while navigating through the user interface, in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the second type of content, generating the tactile output comprises generating the tactile output in response a movement of a first predefined unit of content out of alignment on the display. 
     
     
       43. The method of  claim 33 , further comprising:
 displaying, on the display, a second user interface different from the user interface; 
 while displaying the second user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a second input; and 
 in response to detecting the second input:
 in accordance with a determination that the second input does not cause a navigation of the second user interface, forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a tactile output; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the second input causes a navigation of the second user interface, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output. 
 
 
     
     
       44. The method of  claim 43 , wherein the second user interface corresponds to a notification, and wherein the notification replaces display of the user interface. 
     
     
       45. The method of  claim 33 , wherein the one or more programs further include instructions for:
 while displaying the user interface, detecting, via a second input element different from the rotatable input element, a second input; and 
 in response to detecting the second input:
 navigating through the user interface; and 
 forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface. 
 
 
     
     
       46. The method of  claim 33 , further comprising:
 in response to detecting the first input:
 generating audio output associated with the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including:
 in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the first type of content, the audio output includes a first type of audio output sequence that is associated with the first type of tactile output sequence; and 
 in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the second type of content, the audio output includes a second type of audio output sequence that is associated with the second type of tactile output sequence. 
 
 
 
     
     
       47. The method of  claim 33 , further comprising:
 in accordance with a determination that an event triggering a notification is detected while not detecting input via the rotatable input element, generating a tactile output corresponding to the notification; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the event triggering the notification is detected while detecting input via the rotatable input element, forgoing generating the tactile output corresponding to the notification. 
 
     
     
       48. The method of  claim 33 , further comprising:
 in accordance with a determination that an event triggering a notification is detected while detecting the first input, forgoing generating a tactile output corresponding to the notification until predefined criteria are met; and 
 in response to a determination that the predetermined criteria have been met, generating the tactile output corresponding to the notification.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This applications claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/729,978, entitled “CONTENT-BASED TACTILE OUTPUTS,” filed Sep. 11, 2018, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates generally to computer user interfaces, and more specifically to techniques for managing content-based tactile outputs. 
     BACKGROUND 
     At present, there is a need for electronic devices that provide sensory feedback (e.g., tactile and/or audio outputs) based on the type of content being displayed and navigated on the display to enhance the user experience, enhance user efficiency, and convenience in utilizing the device. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     Some techniques for managing content-based tactile outputs using electronic devices, however, are generally cumbersome and inefficient. For example, some existing techniques use a complex and time-consuming user interface, which may include multiple key presses or keystrokes. Existing techniques require more time than necessary, wasting user time and device energy. This latter consideration is particularly important in battery-operated devices. 
     Accordingly, the present technique provides electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for managing content-based tactile outputs. Such methods and interfaces optionally complement or replace other methods for managing content-based tactile outputs. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For example, such methods and interfaces enhance user experience and convenience in navigating content shown on a device, and thus enable the user to more easily and efficiently navigate content shown on the device. For battery-operated computing devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method performed at an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators is described. The method comprises: displaying, on the display, a user interface; while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the input element, a first input; and in response to detecting the first input: navigating through the user interface; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including: in accordance with a determination that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an input metric of the first input; and in accordance with a determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a second type of content different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on movement of predefined units of content in the user interface. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface; while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the input element, a first input; and in response to detecting the first input: navigating through the user interface; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including: in accordance with a determination that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an input metric of the first input; and in accordance with a determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a second type of content different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on movement of predefined units of content in the user interface. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface; while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the input element, a first input; and in response to detecting the first input: navigating through the user interface; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including: in accordance with a determination that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an input metric of the first input; and in accordance with a determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a second type of content different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on movement of predefined units of content in the user interface. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises a display, an input element, one or more tactile output generators, one or more processors, and memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface; while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the input element, a first input; and in response to detecting the first input: navigating through the user interface; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including: in accordance with a determination that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an input metric of the first input; and in accordance with a determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a second type of content different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on movement of predefined units of content in the user interface. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises: a display; an input element; one or more tactile output generators; means for displaying, on the display, a user interface; means, while displaying the user interface, for detecting, via the input element, a first input; and means, in response to detecting the first input, for: navigating through the user interface; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface, including: in accordance with a determination that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an input metric of the first input; and in accordance with a determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes a second type of content different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on movement of predefined units of content in the user interface. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method performed at an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators is described. The method comprises: displaying, on the display, a first portion of content; while displaying the first portion of content, detecting, via the input element, a first input; in response to detecting the first input: navigating through the content to display a second portion of the content; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs; while displaying the second portion of the content, detecting, via the input element, a second input; and in response to detecting the second input and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion of the content: displaying a visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content; and forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a first portion of content; while displaying the first portion of content, detecting, via the input element, a first input; in response to detecting the first input: navigating through the content to display a second portion of the content; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs; while displaying the second portion of the content, detecting, via the input element, a second input; and in response to detecting the second input and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion of the content: displaying a visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content; and forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a first portion of content; while displaying the first portion of content, detecting, via the input element, a first input; in response to detecting the first input: navigating through the content to display a second portion of the content; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs; while displaying the second portion of the content, detecting, via the input element, a second input; and in response to detecting the second input and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion of the content: displaying a visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content; and forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises: a display, an input element, one or more tactile output generators, one or more processors, and memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a first portion of content; while displaying the first portion of content, detecting, via the input element, a first input; in response to detecting the first input: navigating through the content to display a second portion of the content; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs; while displaying the second portion of the content, detecting, via the input element, a second input; and in response to detecting the second input and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion of the content: displaying a visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content; and forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises: a display; an input element; one or more tactile output generators; means for displaying, on the display, a first portion of content; means, while displaying the first portion of content, for detecting, via the input element, a first input; means, in response to detecting the first input, for: navigating through the content to display a second portion of the content; and generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first type of tactile output sequence that includes one or more tactile outputs; means, while displaying the second portion of the content, for detecting, via the input element, a second input; and means, in response to detecting the second input and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion of the content, for: displaying a visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content; and forgoing generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method performed at an electronic device with a touch-sensitive display and a rotatable input element is described. The method comprises: displaying, on the display, a user interface; while displaying the user interface, detecting a first portion of an input at the device: in response to detecting a first portion of the input, moving a user interface object across the display of the device in accordance with the movement of the input; and after detecting the first portion of the input, detecting a second portion of the input at the device; and in response to detecting the second portion of the input: in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by more than a first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to a respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by less than the first threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by more than a second threshold amount that is less than the first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; and in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by less than the second threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a touch-sensitive display and a rotatable input element, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface; while displaying the user interface, detecting a first portion of an input at the device: in response to detecting a first portion of the input, moving a user interface object across the display of the device in accordance with the movement of the input; and after detecting the first portion of the input, detecting a second portion of the input at the device; and in response to detecting the second portion of the input: in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by more than a first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to a respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by less than the first threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by more than a second threshold amount that is less than the first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; and in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by less than the second threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a touch-sensitive display and a rotatable input element, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface; while displaying the user interface, detecting a first portion of an input at the device: in response to detecting a first portion of the input, moving a user interface object across the display of the device in accordance with the movement of the input; and after detecting the first portion of the input, detecting a second portion of the input at the device; and in response to detecting the second portion of the input: in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by more than a first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to a respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by less than the first threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by more than a second threshold amount that is less than the first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; and in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by less than the second threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises: a touch-sensitive display, a rotatable input element, one or more processors, and memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface; while displaying the user interface, detecting a first portion of an input at the device: in response to detecting a first portion of the input, moving a user interface object across the display of the device in accordance with the movement of the input; and after detecting the first portion of the input, detecting a second portion of the input at the device; and in response to detecting the second portion of the input: in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by more than a first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to a respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by less than the first threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by more than a second threshold amount that is less than the first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; and in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by less than the second threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises: a display; a rotatable input element; means for displaying, on the display, a user interface; means, while displaying the user interface, for detecting a first portion of an input at the device: means, in response to detecting a first portion of the input, for moving a user interface object across the display of the device in accordance with the movement of the input; and means, after detecting the first portion of the input, for detecting a second portion of the input at the device; and means, in response to detecting the second portion of the input, for: in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by more than a first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to a respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by less than the first threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by more than a second threshold amount that is less than the first threshold amount, moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display; and in accordance with a determination that the input includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by less than the second threshold amount, forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method performed at an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators is described. The method comprises: displaying, on the display, a user interface that includes a first adjustable item and a second adjustable item; while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the input element, a rotational input; and in response to detecting the rotational input: in accordance with a determination that the first adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the first adjustable item; and while adjusting the first adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a first amplitude; and in accordance with a determination that the second adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the second adjustable item; and while adjusting the second adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a second sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a second amplitude that is different from the first amplitude. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface that includes a first adjustable item and a second adjustable item; while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the input element, a rotational input; and in response to detecting the rotational input: in accordance with a determination that the first adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the first adjustable item; and while adjusting the first adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a first amplitude; and in accordance with a determination that the second adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the second adjustable item; and while adjusting the second adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a second sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a second amplitude that is different from the first amplitude. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, an input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface that includes a first adjustable item and a second adjustable item; while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the input element, a rotational input; and in response to detecting the rotational input: in accordance with a determination that the first adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the first adjustable item; and while adjusting the first adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a first amplitude; and in accordance with a determination that the second adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the second adjustable item; and while adjusting the second adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a second sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a second amplitude that is different from the first amplitude. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises: a display, an input element, one or more tactile output generators, one or more processors, and memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: displaying, on the display, a user interface that includes a first adjustable item and a second adjustable item; while displaying the user interface, detecting, via the input element, a rotational input; and in response to detecting the rotational input: in accordance with a determination that the first adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the first adjustable item; and while adjusting the first adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a first amplitude; and in accordance with a determination that the second adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the second adjustable item; and while adjusting the second adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a second sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a second amplitude that is different from the first amplitude. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises: a display; an input element; one or more tactile output generators; means for displaying, on the display, a user interface that includes a first adjustable item and a second adjustable item; means, while displaying the user interface, for detecting, via the input element, a rotational input; and means, in response to detecting the rotational input, for: in accordance with a determination that the first adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the first adjustable item; and while adjusting the first adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a first sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a first amplitude; and in accordance with a determination that the second adjustable item is currently-selected: adjusting, based on the rotational input, the second adjustable item; and while adjusting the second adjustable item, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a second sequence of tactile outputs including one or more tactile outputs having a second amplitude that is different from the first amplitude. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method performed at an electronic device with a display, a rotatable input element, and one or more tactile output generators is described. The method comprises: while displaying, on the display, a user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a rotational input; and while detecting the rotational input, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a plurality of tactile outputs, wherein a type of the tactile outputs is associated with a modification of the user interface, and wherein: in accordance with a determination that a speed of the rotational input is a first speed, generating a first number of tactile outputs for a respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element; and in accordance with a determination that the speed of the rotational input is a second speed that is different from the first speed, generating a second number of tactile outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, a rotatable input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for: while displaying, on the display, a user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a rotational input; and while detecting the rotational input, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a plurality of tactile outputs, wherein a type of the tactile outputs is associated with a modification of the user interface, and wherein: in accordance with a determination that a speed of the rotational input is a first speed, generating a first number of tactile outputs for a respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element; and in accordance with a determination that the speed of the rotational input is a second speed that is different from the first speed, generating a second number of tactile outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a transitory computer-readable storage medium is described. The transitory computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs configured to be executed by one or more processors of an electronic device with a display, a rotatable input element, and one or more tactile output generators, the one or more programs including instructions for: while displaying, on the display, a user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a rotational input; and while detecting the rotational input, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a plurality of tactile outputs, wherein a type of the tactile outputs is associated with a modification of the user interface, and wherein: in accordance with a determination that a speed of the rotational input is a first speed, generating a first number of tactile outputs for a respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element; and in accordance with a determination that the speed of the rotational input is a second speed that is different from the first speed, generating a second number of tactile outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises: a display, a rotatable input element, one or more tactile output generators, one or more processors, and memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: while displaying, on the display, a user interface, detecting, via the rotatable input element, a rotational input; and while detecting the rotational input, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a plurality of tactile outputs, wherein a type of the tactile outputs is associated with a modification of the user interface, and wherein: in accordance with a determination that a speed of the rotational input is a first speed, generating a first number of tactile outputs for a respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element; and in accordance with a determination that the speed of the rotational input is a second speed that is different from the first speed, generating a second number of tactile outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     In accordance with some embodiments an electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises a display; a rotatable input element; one or more tactile output generators; means, while displaying, on the display, a user interface, for detecting, via the rotatable input element, a rotational input; and means, while detecting the rotational input, for generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, a plurality of tactile outputs, wherein a type of the tactile outputs is associated with a modification of the user interface, and wherein: in accordance with a determination that a speed of the rotational input is a first speed, generating a first number of tactile outputs for a respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element; and in accordance with a determination that the speed of the rotational input is a second speed that is different from the first speed, generating a second number of tactile outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     Executable instructions for performing these functions are, optionally, included in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors. Executable instructions for performing these functions are, optionally, included in a transitory computer-readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors. 
     Thus, devices are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for managing content-based tactile outputs, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace other methods for managing content-based tactile outputs. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
       For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures. 
         FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction device with a touch-sensitive display, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screen, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4A  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4B  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunction device with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 5A  illustrates a personal electronic device, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 5B  is a block diagram illustrating a personal electronic device, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 5C-5H  illustrate example tactile output patterns that have a particular waveform, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 6A-6AF  illustrate example user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 7A-7D  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for managing user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 8A-8T  illustrate example user interfaces associated with end-of-content tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 9A-9B  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for managing user interfaces associated with end-of-content tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 10A-10K  illustrate example user interfaces associated with moving a user interface in response to different types of input, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 11A-11C  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for moving a user interface in response to different types of input, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 12A-12L  illustrate example user interfaces associated with adjustable item-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 13A-13B  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for managing user interfaces associated with adjustable item-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 14A-14H  illustrate example user interfaces associated with input velocity-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 15A-15C  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for managing user interfaces associated with input velocity-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The following description sets forth exemplary methods, parameters, and the like. It should be recognized, however, that such description is not intended as a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure but is instead provided as a description of exemplary embodiments. 
     There is a need for electronic devices that provide efficient methods and interfaces for managing content-based tactile outputs. For example, there is a need for electronic devices that provide sensory feedback (e.g., tactile and/or audio outputs) based on the type of content being displayed and navigated on the display to enhance user experience and convenience and user efficiency in utilizing the device. Such techniques can reduce the cognitive burden on a user who accesses displayed content associated with content-based tactile outputs, thereby enhancing productivity. Further, such techniques can reduce processor and battery power otherwise wasted on redundant user inputs. 
     Below,  FIGS. 1A-1B, 2, 3, 4A-4B, and 5A-5H  provide a description of exemplary devices for performing the techniques for managing event notifications.  FIGS. 6A-6AF  illustrate example user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS. 7A-7D  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for managing user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 6A-6AF  are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 7A-7D .  FIGS. 8A-8T  illustrate example user interfaces associated with end-of-content tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS. 9A-9B  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for managing user interfaces associated with end-of-content tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 8A-8T  are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 9A-9B .  FIGS. 10A-10K  illustrate example user interfaces associated with moving a user interface in response to different types of input, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS. 11A-11C  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for moving a user interface in response to different types of input, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 10A-10K  are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 11A-1C .  FIGS. 12A-12L  illustrate example user interfaces associated with adjustable item-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS. 13A-13B  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for managing user interfaces associated with adjustable item-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 12A-12L  are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 13A-13B .  FIGS. 14A-14H  illustrate example user interfaces associated with input velocity-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS. 15A-15C  are a flow diagram illustrating methods for managing user interfaces associated with input velocity-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 14A-14H  are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 15A-15C . 
     Although the following description uses terms “first,” “second,” etc. to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first touch could be termed a second touch, and, similarly, a second touch could be termed a first touch, without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments. The first touch and the second touch are both touches, but they are not the same touch. 
     The terminology used in the description of the various described embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various described embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     The term “if” is, optionally, construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” is, optionally, construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context. 
     Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as a mobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touchpads), are, optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screen display and/or a touchpad). 
     In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should be understood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse, and/or a joystick. 
     The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a workout support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that are executed on the device optionally use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface as well as corresponding information displayed on the device are, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the device optionally supports the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user. 
     Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices with touch-sensitive displays.  FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating portable multifunction device  100  with touch-sensitive display system  112  in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display  112  is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience and is sometimes known as or called a “touch-sensitive display system.” Device  100  includes memory  102  (which optionally includes one or more computer-readable storage mediums), memory controller  122 , one or more processing units (CPUs)  120 , peripherals interface  118 , RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  106 , other input control devices  116 , and external port  124 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more optical sensors  164 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on device  100  (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100 ). Device  100  optionally includes one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs on device  100  (e.g., generating tactile outputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100  or touchpad  355  of device  300 ). These components optionally communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  103 . 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values that includes at least four distinct values and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., a weighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are converted to an estimated force or pressure, and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). Using the intensity of a contact as an attribute of a user input allows for user access to additional device functionality that may otherwise not be accessible by the user on a reduced-size device with limited real estate for displaying affordances (e.g., on a touch-sensitive display) and/or receiving user input (e.g., via a touch-sensitive display, a touch-sensitive surface, or a physical/mechanical control such as a knob or a button). 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output” refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component (e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relative to a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user with the user&#39;s sense of touch. For example, in situations where the device or the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a user that is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of a user&#39;s hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or the component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally, interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensation such as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user&#39;s movements. As another example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a user will be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a large majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “up click,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that will generate the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user. 
     It should be appreciated that device  100  is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device  100  optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG. 1A  are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application-specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  102  optionally includes high-speed random access memory and optionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Memory controller  122  optionally controls access to memory  102  by other components of device  100 . 
     Peripherals interface  118  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU  120  and memory  102 . The one or more processors  120  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  102  to perform various functions for device  100  and to process data. In some embodiments, peripherals interface  118 , CPU  120 , and memory controller  122  are, optionally, implemented on a single chip, such as chip  104 . In some other embodiments, they are, optionally, implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  108  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  108  optionally communicates with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The RF circuitry  108  optionally includes well-known circuitry for detecting near field communication (NFC) fields, such as by a short-range communication radio. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols, and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, and/or IEEE 802.11ac), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , and microphone  113  provide an audio interface between a user and device  100 . Audio circuitry  110  receives audio data from peripherals interface  118 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  111 . Speaker  111  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  113  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  118  for processing. Audio data is, optionally, retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  102  and/or RF circuitry  108  by peripherals interface  118 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  110  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  212 ,  FIG. 2 ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  110  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  106  couples input/output peripherals on device  100 , such as touch screen  112  and other input control devices  116 , to peripherals interface  118 . I/O subsystem  106  optionally includes display controller  156 , optical sensor controller  158 , depth camera controller  169 , intensity sensor controller  159 , haptic feedback controller  161 , and one or more input controllers  160  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  160  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input control devices  116 . The other input control devices  116  optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  160  are, optionally, coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, an infrared port, a USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  208 ,  FIG. 2 ) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  111  and/or microphone  113 . The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g.,  206 ,  FIG. 2 ). 
     A quick press of the push button optionally disengages a lock of touch screen  112  or optionally begins a process that uses gestures on the touch screen to unlock the device, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549, “Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, U.S. Pat. No. 7,657,849, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A longer press of the push button (e.g.,  206 ) optionally turns power to device  100  on or off. The functionality of one or more of the buttons are, optionally, user-customizable. Touch screen  112  is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more soft keyboards. 
     Touch-sensitive display  112  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller  156  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen  112 . Touch screen  112  displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output optionally corresponds to user-interface objects. 
     Touch screen  112  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor, or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen  112  and convert the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages, or images) that are displayed on touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen  112  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  optionally detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone® and iPod Touch® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen  112  is, optionally, analogous to the multi-touch sensitive touchpads described in the following U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and/or U.S. Pat. No. 6,677,932 (Westerman), and/or U.S. Patent Publication 2002/0015024A1, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. However, touch screen  112  displays visual output from device  100 , whereas touch-sensitive touchpads do not provide visual output. 
     A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen  112  is described in the following applications: (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/381,313, “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller,” filed May 2, 2006; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30, 2004; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/048,264, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (6) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,758, “Virtual Input Device Placement On A Touch Screen User Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (7) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,700, “Operation Of A Computer With A Touch Screen Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,737, “Activating Virtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen Virtual Keyboard,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; and (9) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device,” filed Mar. 3, 2006. All of these applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally has a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user optionally makes contact with touch screen  112  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  100  optionally includes a touchpad for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen  112  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  100  also includes power system  162  for powering the various components. Power system  162  optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more optical sensors  164 .  FIG. 1A  shows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller  158  in I/O subsystem  106 . Optical sensor  164  optionally includes charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor  164  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lenses, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), optical sensor  164  optionally captures still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  on the front of the device so that the touch screen display is enabled for use as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image is, optionally, obtained for video conferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the position of optical sensor  164  can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and the sensor in the device housing) so that a single optical sensor  164  is used along with the touch screen display for both video conferencing and still and/or video image acquisition. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more depth camera sensors  175 .  FIG. 1A  shows a depth camera sensor coupled to depth camera controller  169  in I/O subsystem  106 . Depth camera sensor  175  receives data from the environment to create a three dimensional model of an object (e.g., a face) within a scene from a viewpoint (e.g., a depth camera sensor). In some embodiments, in conjunction with imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), depth camera sensor  175  is optionally used to determine a depth map of different portions of an image captured by the imaging module  143 . In some embodiments, a depth camera sensor is located on the front of device  100  so that the user&#39;s image with depth information is, optionally, obtained for video conferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display and to capture selfies with depth map data. In some embodiments, the depth camera sensor  175  is located on the back of device, or on the back and the front of the device  100 . In some embodiments, the position of depth camera sensor  175  can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and the sensor in the device housing) so that a depth camera sensor  175  is used along with the touch screen display for both video conferencing and still and/or video image acquisition. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165 .  FIG. 1A  shows a contact intensity sensor coupled to intensity sensor controller  159  in I/O subsystem  106 . Contact intensity sensor  165  optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112 , which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors  166 .  FIG. 1A  shows proximity sensor  166  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, proximity sensor  166  is, optionally, coupled to input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . Proximity sensor  166  optionally performs as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/241,839, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device”; Ser. No. 11/240,788, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device”; Ser. No. 11/620,702, “Using Ambient Light Sensor To Augment Proximity Sensor Output”; Ser. No. 11/586,862, “Automated Response To And Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices”; and Ser. No. 11/638,251, “Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration Of Peripherals,” which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touch screen  112  when the multifunction device is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators  167 .  FIG. 1A  shows a tactile output generator coupled to haptic feedback controller  161  in I/O subsystem  106 . Tactile output generator  167  optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices such as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on the device). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module  133  and generates tactile outputs on device  100  that are capable of being sensed by a user of device  100 . In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in/out of a surface of device  100 ) or laterally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as a surface of device  100 ). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112 , which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more accelerometers  168 .  FIG. 1A  shows accelerometer  168  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, accelerometer  168  is, optionally, coupled to an input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . Accelerometer  168  optionally performs as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 20050190059, “Acceleration-based Theft Detection System for Portable Electronic Devices,” and U.S. Patent Publication No. 20060017692, “Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable Device Based On An Accelerometer,” both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. Device  100  optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s)  168 , a magnetometer and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  100 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  102  include operating system  126 , communication module (or set of instructions)  128 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  130 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  132 , text input module (or set of instructions)  134 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  135 , and applications (or sets of instructions)  136 . Furthermore, in some embodiments, memory  102  ( FIG. 1A ) or  370  ( FIG. 3 ) stores device/global internal state  157 , as shown in  FIGS. 1A and 3 . Device/global internal state  157  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display  112 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and input control devices  116 , and location information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  126  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, iOS, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  128  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  124  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  108  and/or external port  124 . External port  124  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with, the 30-pin connector used on iPod® (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices. 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects contact with touch screen  112  (in conjunction with display controller  156 ) and other touch-sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module  130  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact), determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module  130  receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  and display controller  156  detect contact on a touchpad. 
     In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments, at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device  100 ). For example, a mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of a large range of predefined threshold values without changing the trackpad or touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations, a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjusting one or more of the sets of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity” parameter). 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns (e.g., different motions, timings, and/or intensities of detected contacts). Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (liftoff) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (liftoff) event. 
     Graphics module  132  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen  112  or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast, or other visual property) of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including, without limitation, text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations, and the like. 
     In some embodiments, graphics module  132  stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module  132  receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller  156 . 
     Haptic feedback module  133  includes various software components for generating instructions used by tactile output generator(s)  167  to produce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device  100  in response to user interactions with device  100 . 
     Text input module  134 , which is, optionally, a component of graphics module  132 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  137 , e-mail  140 , IM  141 , browser  147 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     GPS module  135  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone  138  for use in location-based dialing; to camera  143  as picture/video metadata; and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets). 
     Applications  136  optionally include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
         Contacts module  137  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   Telephone module  138 ;   Video conference module  139 ;   E-mail client module  140 ;   Instant messaging (IM) module  141 ;   Workout support module  142 ;   Camera module  143  for still and/or video images;   Image management module  144 ;   Video player module;   Music player module;   Browser module  147 ;   Calendar module  148 ;   Widget modules  149 , which optionally include one or more of: weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , dictionary widget  149 - 5 , and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   Widget creator module  150  for making user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   Search module  151 ;   Video and music player module  152 , which merges video player module and music player module;   Notes module  153 ;   Map module  154 ; and/or   Online video module  155 .       

     Examples of other applications  136  that are, optionally, stored in memory  102  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , contacts module  137  are, optionally, used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state  192  of contacts module  137  in memory  102  or memory  370 ), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  138 , video conference module  139 , e-mail  140 , or IM  141 ; and so forth. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , telephone module  138  are optionally, used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in contacts module  137 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation, and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols, and technologies. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , contacts module  137 , and telephone module  138 , video conference module  139  includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140  includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module  144 , e-mail client module  140  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  143 . 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the instant messaging module  141  includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages, and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in an MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , map module  154 , and music player module, workout support module  142  includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store, and transmit workout data. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , and image management module  144 , camera module  143  includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  102 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory  102 . 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and camera module  143 , image management module  144  includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , browser module  147  includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , calendar module  148  includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to-do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , widget modules  149  are mini-applications that are, optionally, downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , and dictionary widget  149 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget  149 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo!Widgets). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget creator module  150  are, optionally, used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , search module  151  includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  102  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , and browser module  147 , video and music player module  152  includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present, or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch screen  112  or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ). In some embodiments, device  100  optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , notes module  153  includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to-do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , and browser module  147 , map module  154  are, optionally, used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions, data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location, and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact/motion module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , online video module  155  includes instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module  141 , rather than e-mail client module  140 , is used to send a link to a particular online video. Additional description of the online video application can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/936,562, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” filed Jun. 20, 2007, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/968,067, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” filed Dec. 31, 2007, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     Each of the above-identified modules and applications corresponds to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise rearranged in various embodiments. For example, video player module is, optionally, combined with music player module into a single module (e.g., video and music player module  152 ,  FIG. 1A ). In some embodiments, memory  102  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  102  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, device  100  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device  100 , the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device  100  is, optionally, reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device  100  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that is displayed on device  100 . In such embodiments, a “menu button” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  ( FIG. 1A ) or  370  ( FIG. 3 ) includes event sorter  170  (e.g., in operating system  126 ) and a respective application  136 - 1  (e.g., any of the aforementioned applications  137 - 151 ,  155 ,  380 - 390 ). 
     Event sorter  170  receives event information and determines the application  136 - 1  and application view  191  of application  136 - 1  to which to deliver the event information. Event sorter  170  includes event monitor  171  and event dispatcher module  174 . In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes application internal state  192 , which indicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch-sensitive display  112  when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device/global internal state  157  is used by event sorter  170  to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, and application internal state  192  is used by event sorter  170  to determine application views  191  to which to deliver event information. 
     In some embodiments, application internal state  192  includes additional information, such as one or more of: resume information to be used when application  136 - 1  resumes execution, user interface state information that indicates information being displayed or that is ready for display by application  136 - 1 , a state queue for enabling the user to go back to a prior state or view of application  136 - 1 , and a redo/undo queue of previous actions taken by the user. 
     Event monitor  171  receives event information from peripherals interface  118 . Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display  112 , as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface  118  transmits information it receives from I/O subsystem  106  or a sensor, such as proximity sensor  166 , accelerometer(s)  168 , and/or microphone  113  (through audio circuitry  110 ). Information that peripherals interface  118  receives from I/O subsystem  106  includes information from touch-sensitive display  112  or a touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, event monitor  171  sends requests to the peripherals interface  118  at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface  118  transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripherals interface  118  transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration). 
     In some embodiments, event sorter  170  also includes a hit view determination module  172  and/or an active event recognizer determination module  173 . 
     Hit view determination module  172  provides software procedures for determining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views when touch-sensitive display  112  displays more than one view. Views are made up of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display. 
     Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes herein called application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) in which a touch is detected optionally correspond to programmatic levels within a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is, optionally, called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs are, optionally, determined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture. 
     Hit view determination module  172  receives information related to sub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module  172  identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which should handle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowest level view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (e.g., the first sub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determination module  172 , the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view. 
     Active event recognizer determination module  173  determines which view or views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that all views that include the physical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, and therefore determines that all actively involved views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touch sub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain as actively involved views. 
     Event dispatcher module  174  dispatches the event information to an event recognizer (e.g., event recognizer  180 ). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module  173 , event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined by active event recognizer determination module  173 . In some embodiments, event dispatcher module  174  stores in an event queue the event information, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver  182 . 
     In some embodiments, operating system  126  includes event sorter  170 . Alternatively, application  136 - 1  includes event sorter  170 . In yet other embodiments, event sorter  170  is a stand-alone module, or a part of another module stored in memory  102 , such as contact/motion module  130 . 
     In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes a plurality of event handlers  190  and one or more application views  191 , each of which includes instructions for handling touch events that occur within a respective view of the application&#39;s user interface. Each application view  191  of the application  136 - 1  includes one or more event recognizers  180 . Typically, a respective application view  191  includes a plurality of event recognizers  180 . In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers  180  are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit or a higher level object from which application  136 - 1  inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respective event handler  190  includes one or more of: data updater  176 , object updater  177 , GUI updater  178 , and/or event data  179  received from event sorter  170 . Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176 , object updater  177 , or GUI updater  178  to update the application internal state  192 . Alternatively, one or more of the application views  191  include one or more respective event handlers  190 . Also, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a respective application view  191 . 
     A respective event recognizer  180  receives event information (e.g., event data  179 ) from event sorter  170  and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer  180  includes event receiver  182  and event comparator  184 . In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  also includes at least a subset of: metadata  183 , and event delivery instructions  188  (which optionally include sub-event delivery instructions). 
     Event receiver  182  receives event information from event sorter  170 . The event information includes information about a sub-event, for example, a touch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as location of the sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the event information optionally also includes speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation (also called device attitude) of the device. 
     Event comparator  184  compares the event information to predefined event or sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines an event or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  includes event definitions  186 . Event definitions  186  contain definitions of events (e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event  1  ( 187 - 1 ), event  2  ( 187 - 2 ), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in an event ( 187 ) include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, the definition for event  1  ( 187 - 1 ) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first liftoff (touch end) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second liftoff (touch end) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition for event  2  ( 187 - 2 ) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, for example, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitive display  112 , and liftoff of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers  190 . 
     In some embodiments, event definition  187  includes a definition of an event for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which user-interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view in which three user-interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display  112 , when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display  112 , event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which of the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler  190 , the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler  190  should be activated. For example, event comparator  184  selects an event handler associated with the sub-event and the object triggering the hit test. 
     In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event ( 187 ) also includes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-events does or does not correspond to the event recognizer&#39;s event type. 
     When a respective event recognizer  180  determines that the series of sub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions  186 , the respective event recognizer  180  enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other event recognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  includes metadata  183  with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively involved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  activates event handler  190  associated with an event when one or more particular sub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  delivers event information associated with the event to event handler  190 . Activating an event handler  190  is distinct from sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view. In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  throws a flag associated with the recognized event, and event handler  190  associated with the flag catches the flag and performs a predefined process. 
     In some embodiments, event delivery instructions  188  include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver event information to event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved views receive the event information and perform a predetermined process. 
     In some embodiments, data updater  176  creates and updates data used in application  136 - 1 . For example, data updater  176  updates the telephone number used in contacts module  137 , or stores a video file used in video player module. In some embodiments, object updater  177  creates and updates objects used in application  136 - 1 . For example, object updater  177  creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of a user-interface object. GUI updater  178  updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater  178  prepares display information and sends it to graphics module  132  for display on a touch-sensitive display. 
     In some embodiments, event handler(s)  190  includes or has access to data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178 . In some embodiments, data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a single module of a respective application  136 - 1  or application view  191 . In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules. 
     It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding event handling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies to other forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices  100  with input devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movements such as taps, drags, scrolls, etc. on touchpads; pen stylus inputs; movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements; biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to be recognized. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a portable multifunction device  100  having a touch screen  112  in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screen optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  200 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabled to select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  202  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  203  (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward), and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with device  100 . In some implementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap. 
     Device  100  optionally also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  204 . As described previously, menu button  204  is, optionally, used to navigate to any application  136  in a set of applications that are, optionally, executed on device  100 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen  112 . 
     In some embodiments, device  100  includes touch screen  112 , menu button  204 , push button  206  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  208 , subscriber identity module (SIM) card slot  210 , headset jack  212 , and docking/charging external port  124 . Push button  206  is, optionally, used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval, to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device  100  also accepts verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  113 . Device  100  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on touch screen  112  and/or one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  100 . 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. Device  300  need not be portable. In some embodiments, device  300  is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child&#39;s learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device  300  typically includes one or more processing units (CPUs)  310 , one or more network or other communications interfaces  360 , memory  370 , and one or more communication buses  320  for interconnecting these components. Communication buses  320  optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communications between system components. Device  300  includes input/output (I/O) interface  330  comprising display  340 , which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface  330  also optionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)  350  and touchpad  355 , tactile output generator  357  for generating tactile outputs on device  300  (e.g., similar to tactile output generator(s)  167  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A ), sensors  359  (e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s)  165  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A ). Memory  370  includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid state memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. Memory  370  optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from CPU(s)  310 . In some embodiments, memory  370  stores programs, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG. 1A ), or a subset thereof. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100 . For example, memory  370  of device  300  optionally stores drawing module  380 , presentation module  382 , word processing module  384 , website creation module  386 , disk authoring module  388 , and/or spreadsheet module  390 , while memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG. 1A ) optionally does not store these modules. 
     Each of the above-identified elements in  FIG. 3  is, optionally, stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the above-identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing a function described above. The above-identified modules or programs (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise rearranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  370  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces that are, optionally, implemented on, for example, portable multifunction device  100 . 
       FIG. 4A  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on portable multifunction device  100  in accordance with some embodiments. Similar user interfaces are, optionally, implemented on device  300 . In some embodiments, user interface  400  includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Signal strength indicator(s)  402  for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;   Time  404 ;   Bluetooth indicator  405 ;   Battery status indicator  406 ;   Tray  408  with icons for frequently used applications, such as:
           Icon  416  for telephone module  138 , labeled “Phone,” which optionally includes an indicator  414  of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages;   Icon  418  for e-mail client module  140 , labeled “Mail,” which optionally includes an indicator  410  of the number of unread e-mails;   Icon  420  for browser module  147 , labeled “Browser;” and   Icon  422  for video and music player module  152 , also referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module  152 , labeled “iPod;” and   
           Icons for other applications, such as:
           Icon  424  for IM module  141 , labeled “Messages;”   Icon  426  for calendar module  148 , labeled “Calendar;”   Icon  428  for image management module  144 , labeled “Photos;”   Icon  430  for camera module  143 , labeled “Camera;”   Icon  432  for online video module  155 , labeled “Online Video,”   Icon  434  for stocks widget  149 - 2 , labeled “Stocks;”   Icon  436  for map module  154 , labeled “Maps;”   Icon  438  for weather widget  149 - 1 , labeled “Weather;”   Icon  440  for alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , labeled “Clock;”   Icon  442  for workout support module  142 , labeled “Workout Support;”   Icon  444  for notes module  153 , labeled “Notes;” and   Icon  446  for a settings application or module, labeled “Settings,” which provides access to settings for device  100  and its various applications  136 .   
               

     It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in  FIG. 4A  are merely exemplary. For example, icon  422  for video and music player module  152  is labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Other labels are, optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, a label for a respective application icon includes a name of an application corresponding to the respective application icon. In some embodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct from a name of an application corresponding to the particular application icon. 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 ) with a touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., a tablet or touchpad  355 ,  FIG. 3 ) that is separate from the display  450  (e.g., touch screen display  112 ). Device  300  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors  359 ) for detecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or one or more tactile output generators  357  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  300 . 
     Although some of the examples that follow will be given with reference to inputs on touch screen display  112  (where the touch-sensitive surface and the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects inputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, as shown in  FIG. 4B . In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG. 4B ) has a primary axis (e.g.,  452  in  FIG. 4B ) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g.,  453  in  FIG. 4B ) on the display (e.g.,  450 ). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detects contacts (e.g.,  460  and  462  in  FIG. 4B ) with the touch-sensitive surface  451  at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in  FIG. 4B, 460  corresponds to  468  and  462  corresponds to  470 ). In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts  460  and  462 , and movements thereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG. 4B ) are used by the device to manipulate the user interface on the display (e.g.,  450  in  FIG. 4B ) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other user interfaces described herein. 
     Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., a mouse-based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detect the contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneously detected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are, optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are, optionally, used simultaneously. 
       FIG. 5A  illustrates exemplary personal electronic device  500 . Device  500  includes body  502 . In some embodiments, device  500  can include some or all of the features described with respect to devices  100  and  300  (e.g.,  FIGS. 1A-4B ). In some embodiments, device  500  has touch-sensitive display screen  504 , hereafter touch screen  504 . Alternatively, or in addition to touch screen  504 , device  500  has a display and a touch-sensitive surface. As with devices  100  and  300 , in some embodiments, touch screen  504  (or the touch-sensitive surface) optionally includes one or more intensity sensors for detecting intensity of contacts (e.g., touches) being applied. The one or more intensity sensors of touch screen  504  (or the touch-sensitive surface) can provide output data that represents the intensity of touches. The user interface of device  500  can respond to touches based on their intensity, meaning that touches of different intensities can invoke different user interface operations on device  500 . 
     Exemplary techniques for detecting and processing touch intensity are found, for example, in related applications: International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040061, titled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application,” filed May 8, 2013, published as WIPO Publication No. WO/2013/169849, and International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069483, titled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display Output Relationships,” filed Nov. 11, 2013, published as WIPO Publication No. WO/2014/105276, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     In some embodiments, device  500  has one or more input mechanisms  506  and  508 . Input mechanisms  506  and  508 , if included, can be physical. Examples of physical input mechanisms include push buttons and rotatable mechanisms. In some embodiments, device  500  has one or more attachment mechanisms. Such attachment mechanisms, if included, can permit attachment of device  500  with, for example, hats, eyewear, earrings, necklaces, shirts, jackets, bracelets, watch straps, chains, trousers, belts, shoes, purses, backpacks, and so forth. These attachment mechanisms permit device  500  to be worn by a user. 
       FIG. 5B  depicts exemplary personal electronic device  500 . In some embodiments, device  500  can include some or all of the components described with respect to  FIGS. 1A, 1B , and  3 . Device  500  has bus  512  that operatively couples I/O section  514  with one or more computer processors  516  and memory  518 . I/O section  514  can be connected to display  504 , which can have touch-sensitive component  522  and, optionally, intensity sensor  524  (e.g., contact intensity sensor). In addition, I/O section  514  can be connected with communication unit  530  for receiving application and operating system data, using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), cellular, and/or other wireless communication techniques. Device  500  can include input mechanisms  506  and/or  508 . Input mechanism  506  is, optionally, a rotatable input device or a depressible and rotatable input device, for example. Input mechanism  508  is, optionally, a button, in some examples. 
     Input mechanism  508  is, optionally, a microphone, in some examples. Personal electronic device  500  optionally includes various sensors, such as GPS sensor  532 , accelerometer  534 , directional sensor  540  (e.g., compass), gyroscope  536 , motion sensor  538 , and/or a combination thereof, all of which can be operatively connected to I/O section  514 . 
     Memory  518  of personal electronic device  500  can include one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage mediums, for storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by one or more computer processors  516 , for example, can cause the computer processors to perform the techniques described below, including processes  700  ( FIGS. 7A-7D ),  900  ( FIGS. 9A-9B ),  1100  ( FIGS. 11A-11C ),  1300  ( FIGS. 13A-13B ), and  1500  ( FIGS. 15A-15C ). A computer-readable storage medium can be any medium that can tangibly contain or store computer-executable instructions for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In some examples, the storage medium is a transitory computer-readable storage medium. In some examples, the storage medium is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, magnetic, optical, and/or semiconductor storages. Examples of such storage include magnetic disks, optical discs based on CD, DVD, or Blu-ray technologies, as well as persistent solid-state memory such as flash, solid-state drives, and the like. Personal electronic device  500  is not limited to the components and configuration of  FIG. 5B , but can include other or additional components in multiple configurations. 
     As used here, the term “affordance” refers to a user-interactive graphical user interface object that is, optionally, displayed on the display screen of devices  100 ,  300 , and/or  500  ( FIGS. 1A, 3, and 5A-5B ). For example, an image (e.g., icon), a button, and text (e.g., hyperlink) each optionally constitute an affordance. 
     As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector” so that when an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad  355  in  FIG. 3  or touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 4B ) while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations that include a touch screen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112  in  FIG. 1A  or touch screen  112  in  FIG. 4A ) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touch screen display, a detected contact on the touch screen acts as a “focus selector” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected on the touch screen display at a location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations, focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region of the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on a touch screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with movement of focus between different regions of the user interface. Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, the focus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on a touch screen display) that is controlled by the user so as to communicate the user&#39;s intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interface with which the user is intending to interact). For example, the location of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact, or a selection box) over a respective button while a press input is detected on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicate that the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposed to other user interface elements shown on a display of the device). 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “characteristic intensity” of a contact refers to a characteristic of the contact based on one or more intensities of the contact. In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is based on multiple intensity samples. The characteristic intensity is, optionally, based on a predefined number of intensity samples, or a set of intensity samples collected during a predetermined time period (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 seconds) relative to a predefined event (e.g., after detecting the contact, prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, before or after detecting a start of movement of the contact, prior to detecting an end of the contact, before or after detecting an increase in intensity of the contact, and/or before or after detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact). A characteristic intensity of a contact is, optionally, based on one or more of: a maximum value of the intensities of the contact, a mean value of the intensities of the contact, an average value of the intensities of the contact, a top 10 percentile value of the intensities of the contact, a value at the half maximum of the intensities of the contact, a value at the 90 percent maximum of the intensities of the contact, or the like. In some embodiments, the duration of the contact is used in determining the characteristic intensity (e.g., when the characteristic intensity is an average of the intensity of the contact over time). In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is compared to a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user. For example, the set of one or more intensity thresholds optionally includes a first intensity threshold and a second intensity threshold. In this example, a contact with a characteristic intensity that does not exceed the first threshold results in a first operation, a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds the first intensity threshold and does not exceed the second intensity threshold results in a second operation, and a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds the second threshold results in a third operation. In some embodiments, a comparison between the characteristic intensity and one or more thresholds is used to determine whether or not to perform one or more operations (e.g., whether to perform a respective operation or forgo performing the respective operation), rather than being used to determine whether to perform a first operation or a second operation. 
     In some embodiments, a portion of a gesture is identified for purposes of determining a characteristic intensity. For example, a touch-sensitive surface optionally receives a continuous swipe contact transitioning from a start location and reaching an end location, at which point the intensity of the contact increases. In this example, the characteristic intensity of the contact at the end location is, optionally, based on only a portion of the continuous swipe contact, and not the entire swipe contact (e.g., only the portion of the swipe contact at the end location). In some embodiments, a smoothing algorithm is, optionally, applied to the intensities of the swipe contact prior to determining the characteristic intensity of the contact. For example, the smoothing algorithm optionally includes one or more of: an unweighted sliding-average smoothing algorithm, a triangular smoothing algorithm, a median filter smoothing algorithm, and/or an exponential smoothing algorithm. In some circumstances, these smoothing algorithms eliminate narrow spikes or dips in the intensities of the swipe contact for purposes of determining a characteristic intensity. 
     The intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, characterized relative to one or more intensity thresholds, such as a contact-detection intensity threshold, a light press intensity threshold, a deep press intensity threshold, and/or one or more other intensity thresholds. In some embodiments, the light press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, the deep press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations that are different from operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, when a contact is detected with a characteristic intensity below the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and above a nominal contact-detection intensity threshold below which the contact is no longer detected), the device will move a focus selector in accordance with movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface without performing an operation associated with the light press intensity threshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally, unless otherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistent between different sets of user interface figures. 
     An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the light press intensity threshold to an intensity between the light press intensity threshold and the deep press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as a “light press” input. An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the deep press intensity threshold to an intensity above the deep press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as a “deep press” input. An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity between the contact-detection intensity threshold and the light press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as detecting the contact on the touch-surface. A decrease of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as detecting liftoff of the contact from the touch-surface. In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is zero. In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is greater than zero. 
     In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations are performed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respective press input or in response to detecting the respective press input performed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), where the respective press input is detected based at least in part on detecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality of contacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective press input). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). 
     In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid accidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationship to the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensity threshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90%, or some reasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press input is detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of the contact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and, optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g., the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity of the contact, depending on the circumstances). 
     For ease of explanation, the descriptions of operations performed in response to a press input associated with a press-input intensity threshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are, optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase in intensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-input intensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensity threshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-input intensity threshold. 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) and associated processes that are implemented on an electronic device, such as portable multifunction device  100 , device  300 , or device  500 . 
       FIGS. 6A-6AF  illustrate exemplary user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 7A-7D . 
       FIG. 6A  illustrates electronic device  600  (e.g., a smartwatch) with a display  602 , a input element  604  (e.g., a rotatable input device that is rotatable relative to a housing of the device; a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a fixed socket and a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) attached to or affixed to a shaft, where the rotatable component and shaft rotate together in the fixed socket; a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) that rotates relative to a fixed component (e.g., a fixed shaft); a rotatable input device/mechanism that rotates, in response to a rotational input, on an axis such that the direction of the rotation is parallel to the display of the electronic device; a rotatable input device/mechanism that can detect rotational input (e.g., via a touch-detection mechanism) without the device itself being physically rotated; a rotatable and press-able input device; a rotatable crown), and one or more tactile output generators (e.g., incorporated within rotatable input element  604  and/or within a housing of the device). In some embodiments, electronic device  600  also includes an input button  606  (e.g., a mechanical input button, a press-able input button). 
     Electronic device  600  includes one or more tactile output generators that are enclosed in and/or integrated with input element  604  and/or a housing of the device, or otherwise are mechanically coupled either directly or indirectly such that tactile outputs generated by the tactile output generators generate tactile outputs at input element  604 . The one or more tactile output generators generate different types of tactile output sequences, as described below in Table 1, based on the type of content (e.g., continuous content, such as continuous text, or discrete content, such as platters, affordances, buttons) being displayed and navigated/scrolled/adjusted on display  602  of the device. In some embodiments, the one or more tactile output generators also generate different types of audio output sequences that are associated with the different types of tactile output sequences. Tactile output sequences  610 ,  620 ,  630 , and  1220  described herein are generated by the one or more tactile output generators described above. In some embodiments, the audio output sequences described herein that are associated with tactile output sequences  610 ,  620 ,  630 , and  1220  are also generated by the one or more tactile output generators described above. 
     In some embodiments, a particular type of tactile output sequence generated by the one or more tactile output generators of the device described directly above corresponds to a particular tactile output pattern. For example, a tactile output pattern specifies characteristics of a tactile output, such as the amplitude of the tactile output, the shape of a movement waveform of the tactile output, the frequency of the tactile output, and/or the duration of the tactile output. When tactile outputs with different tactile output patterns are generated by a device (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators that move a moveable mass to generate tactile outputs), the tactile outputs may invoke different haptic sensations in a user holding or touching the device. While the sensation of the user is based on the user&#39;s perception of the tactile output, most users will be able to identify changes in waveform, frequency, and amplitude of tactile outputs generated by the device. 
     More specifically,  FIGS. 5C-5E  provide a set of sample tactile output patterns that may be used, either individually or in combination, either as is or through one or more transformations (e.g., modulation, amplification, truncation, etc.), to create suitable haptic feedback in various scenarios and for various purposes, such as those mentioned above and those described with respect to the user interfaces and methods discussed herein. This example of a palette of tactile outputs shows how a set of three waveforms and eight frequencies can be used to produce an array of tactile output patterns. In addition to the tactile output patterns shown in these figures, each of these tactile output patterns is optionally adjusted in amplitude by changing a gain value for the tactile output pattern, as shown, for example for FullTap 80 Hz, FullTap 200 Hz, MiniTap 80 Hz, MiniTap 200 Hz, MicroTap 80 Hz, and MicroTap 200 Hz in  FIGS. 5F-5H , which are each shown with variants having a gain of 1.0, 0.75, 0.5, and 0.25. As shown in  FIGS. 5F-5H , changing the gain of a tactile output pattern changes the amplitude of the pattern without changing the frequency of the pattern or changing the shape of the waveform. In some embodiments, changing the frequency of a tactile output pattern also results in a lower amplitude as some tactile output generators are limited by how much force can be applied to the moveable mass and thus higher frequency movements of the mass are constrained to lower amplitudes to ensure that the acceleration needed to create the waveform does not require force outside of an operational force range of the tactile output generator (e.g., the peak amplitudes of the FullTap at 230 Hz, 270 Hz, and 300 Hz are lower than the amplitudes of the FullTap at 80 Hz, 100 Hz, 125 Hz, and 200 Hz). 
       FIGS. 5C-5H  show tactile output patterns that have a particular waveform. The waveform of a tactile output pattern represents the pattern of physical displacements relative to a neutral position (e.g., Xzero) versus time that a moveable mass goes through to generate a tactile output with that tactile output pattern. For example, a first set of tactile output patterns shown in  FIG. 5C  (e.g., tactile output patterns of a “FullTap”) each have a waveform that includes an oscillation with two complete cycles (e.g., an oscillation that starts and ends in a neutral position and crosses the neutral position three times). A second set of tactile output patterns shown in  FIG. 5D  (e.g., tactile output patterns of a “MiniTap”) each have a waveform that includes an oscillation that includes one complete cycle (e.g., an oscillation that starts and ends in a neutral position and crosses the neutral position one time). A third set of tactile output patterns shown in  FIG. 5E  (e.g., tactile output patterns of a “MicroTap”) each have a waveform that includes an oscillation that include one half of a complete cycle (e.g., an oscillation that starts and ends in a neutral position and does not cross the neutral position). The waveform of a tactile output pattern also includes a start buffer and an end buffer that represent the gradual speeding up and slowing down of the moveable mass at the start and at the end of the tactile output. The example waveforms shown in  FIGS. 5C-5H  include Xmin and Xmax values which represent the maximum and minimum extent of movement of the moveable mass. For larger electronic devices with larger moveable masses, there may be larger or smaller minimum and maximum extents of movement of the mass. The examples shown in  FIGS. 5C-5H  describe movement of a mass in one dimension, however similar principles would also apply to movement of a moveable mass in two or three dimensions. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 5C-5E , each tactile output pattern also has a corresponding characteristic frequency that affects the “pitch” of a haptic sensation that is felt by a user from a tactile output with that characteristic frequency. For a continuous tactile output, the characteristic frequency represents the number of cycles that are completed within a given period of time (e.g., cycles per second) by the moveable mass of the tactile output generator. For a discrete tactile output, a discrete output signal (e.g., with 0.5, 1, or 2 cycles) is generated, and the characteristic frequency value specifies how fast the moveable mass needs to move to generate a tactile output with that characteristic frequency. As shown in  FIGS. 5C-5H , for each type of tactile output (e.g., as defined by a respective waveform, such as FullTap, MiniTap, or MicroTap), a higher frequency value corresponds to faster movement(s) by the moveable mass, and hence, in general, a shorter time to complete the tactile output (e.g., including the time to complete the required number of cycle(s) for the discrete tactile output, plus a start and an end buffer time). For example, a FullTap with a characteristic frequency of 80 Hz takes longer to complete than FullTap with a characteristic frequency of 100 Hz (e.g., 35.4 ms vs. 28.3 ms in  FIG. 5C ). In addition, for a given frequency, a tactile output with more cycles in its waveform at a respective frequency takes longer to complete than a tactile output with fewer cycles its waveform at the same respective frequency. For example, a FullTap at 150 Hz takes longer to complete than a MiniTap at 150 Hz (e.g., 19.4 ms vs. 12.8 ms), and a MiniTap at 150 Hz takes longer to complete than a MicroTap at 150 Hz (e.g., 12.8 ms vs. 9.4 ms). However, for tactile output patterns with different frequencies this rule may not apply (e.g., tactile outputs with more cycles but a higher frequency may take a shorter amount of time to complete than tactile outputs with fewer cycles but a lower frequency, and vice versa). For example, at 300 Hz, a FullTap takes as long as a MiniTap (e.g., 9.9 ms). 
     As shown in  FIGS. 5C-5E , a tactile output pattern also has a characteristic amplitude that affects the amount of energy that is contained in a tactile signal, or a “strength” of a haptic sensation that may be felt by a user through a tactile output with that characteristic amplitude. In some embodiments, the characteristic amplitude of a tactile output pattern refers to an absolute or normalized value that represents the maximum displacement of the moveable mass from a neutral position when generating the tactile output. In some embodiments, the characteristic amplitude of a tactile output pattern is adjustable, e.g., by a fixed or dynamically determined gain factor (e.g., a value between 0 and 1), in accordance with various conditions (e.g., customized based on user interface contexts and behaviors) and/or preconfigured metrics (e.g., input-based metrics, and/or user-interface-based metrics). In some embodiments, an input-based metric (e.g., an intensity-change metric or an input-speed metric) measures a characteristic of an input (e.g., a rate of change of a characteristic intensity of a contact in a press input or a rate of movement of the contact across a touch-sensitive surface) during the input that triggers generation of a tactile output. In some embodiments, a user-interface-based metric (e.g., a speed-across-boundary metric) measures a characteristic of a user interface element (e.g., a speed of movement of the element across a hidden or visible boundary in a user interface) during the user interface change that triggers generation of the tactile output. In some embodiments, the characteristic amplitude of a tactile output pattern may be modulated by an “envelope” and the peaks of adjacent cycles may have different amplitudes, where one of the waveforms shown above is further modified by multiplication by an envelope parameter that changes over time (e.g., from 0 to 1) to gradually adjust amplitude of portions of the tactile output over time as the tactile output is being generated. 
     Although specific frequencies, amplitudes, and waveforms are represented in the sample tactile output patterns in  FIGS. 5C-5E  for illustrative purposes, tactile output patterns with other frequencies, amplitudes, and waveforms may be used for similar purposes. For example, waveforms that have between 0.5 to 4 cycles can be used. Other frequencies in the range of 60 Hz-400 Hz may be used as well. Table 1 below provides examples of tactile output/haptic feedback behaviors and configurations, and examples of their use with respect to the user interfaces for managing content-based tactile outputs that are illustrated and described herein. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Textural 
                 Associated 
                   
               
               
                 Type of Tactile 
                   
                 (continuous) or 
                 Content 
                 Used 
               
               
                 Output Sequence 
                 Waveform 
                 Discrete 
                 Type 
                 Examples 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 “Major” 
                 MiniTap at 180 Hz 
                 Discrete 
                 Discrete 
                 Tactile Output 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Sequence 610 
               
               
                 “Minor” 
                 MicroTap at 200 Hz 
                 Textural 
                 Continuous 
                 Tactile Output 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Sequence 620 
               
               
                 “Major-reduced” 
                 MiniTap at 200 Hz 
                 Discrete 
                 Discrete 
                 Tactile Output 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Sequence 1220 
               
               
                 “Limit” 
                 MiniTap at 180 Hz 
                 Discrete 
                 End-of- 
                 Tactile Output 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Content 
                 Sequence 630 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Returning to the exemplary user interfaces of  FIGS. 6A-6AF , in  FIG. 6A , electronic device  600  displays, on display  602 , a user interface  608  of a workout application that includes a plurality of platters (e.g., a predefined unit of a user interface that is a visually discrete and selectable user interface object, item, or element that is separate in functionality and/or purpose from other platters within the user interface, and is visually distinct and/or distinguishable from other platters and other user interface objects, items, or elements within the user interface), including a platter  608 A and a platter  608 B. While displaying user interface  608  showing platters  608 A and  608 B, electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  601  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). 
     In  FIG. 6B , in response to detecting rotational input  601  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  scrolls (e.g., in the downwards direction in accordance with the direction of the rotational input, which is in a clockwise direction) the plurality of platters of user interface  608 , including platters  608 A and  608 B. In  FIG. 6B , while scrolling the plurality of platters of user interface  608  in response to detecting rotational input  601 , electronic device  600  continues to detect, via input element  604 , rotational input  601 . 
     Electronic device  600  continues to scroll the plurality of platters, including platters  608 A and  608 B, of user interface  608  while continuing to detect rotational input  601  on input element  604 . In  FIG. 6C , as the plurality of platters are being scrolled, platter  608 A slides off of an edge (e.g., the top edge) of the display while platter  608 B is moved to a focal region (e.g., the center region, the middle region) of the display. In some embodiments, a user interface item or element, such as a platter, is deemed to have “reached” the focal region when a focal point of the user interface item or element is moved to the focal region. In some embodiments, a user interface item or element, such as a platter, is deemed to have “reached” the focal region when an edge (e.g., the top or bottom edge) of the user interface item/element is moved to the focal region. In some embodiments, upon reaching the focal region, a user interface item or element “snaps” to the focal region. 
     In  FIG. 6C , platter  608 B is moved towards and “snaps” to the focal region of the display. Upon platter  608 B “snapping” to the focal region of the display, electronic device  600  generates a tactile output sequence  610  (e.g., a “major” tactile output, as described in Table 1). As described in greater detail below, the type of tactile output that is generated is based on the type of user interface item or element that is currently being moved, navigated, and/or manipulated on the display. In some embodiments, electronic device  600  also generates an audio output sequence (e.g., having a first type of audio pattern), via the one or more tactile output generators, associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
     Electronic device  600  continues to scroll the plurality of platters, including platter  608 B, of user interface  608  while continuing to detect rotational input  601  on input element  604 . In  FIG. 6D , as the plurality of platters are being scrolled, platter  608 B begins to slide off of an edge (e.g., the top edge) of the display while a platter  608 C is moved on to display from an opposite edge (e.g., the bottom edge) of the display. 
     Electronic device  600  continues to scroll the plurality of platters, including platter  608 C, of user interface  608  while continuing to detect rotational input  601  on input element  604 . In  FIG. 6E , as the plurality of platters are being scrolled, platter  608 B slides off of an edge (e.g., the top edge) of the display while platter  608 C is moved to the focal region (e.g., the center region, the middle region) of the display. 
     In  FIG. 6E , platter  608 C is moved towards and “snaps” to the focal region of the display. Upon platter  608 C “snapping” to the focal region of the display, electronic device  600  again generates tactile output sequence  610  (e.g., a “major” tactile output, as described in greater detail above in Table 1). In some embodiments, electronic device  600  also generates the audio output sequence (e.g., having a first type of audio pattern) associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
     In  FIG. 6F , electronic device  600  receives (e.g., via a wireless communication radio of the device) a message associated with a messaging application (e.g., an email for an email application, a text message for a text messaging application, a chat message or a chat application). In response to receiving the message, electronic device  600  displays, on display, a notification  612  indicating that the message has been received. Additionally, electronic device  600  generates a notification tactile output  614  notifying that a new message has been received. In some embodiments, notification tactile output  614  is generated via one or more tactile output generates that are different from the one or more tactile output generators that generate tactile output sequence  610 . In some embodiments, notification tactile output  614  and tactile output sequence  610  are generated by the same one or more tactile output generators. 
     In  FIG. 6G , subsequent to displaying, on display  602 , notification  612  corresponding to the received message (e.g., an email message), electronic device  600  detects (e.g., via a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ) a user selection  603  of notification  612 . 
     In  FIG. 6H , in response to detecting user selection  603  of notification  612 , electronic device  600  displays, on display  602 , a user interface  616  of an email application corresponding to the received message and text  618  (e.g., continuous text content of the received message) of the received message. As shown in  FIG. 6H , text  618  of the received message comprises continuous text that cannot simultaneously shown in its entirety on the display, and thus must be scrolled for a user to view the remaining portions of the content of the message. 
     In  FIG. 6H , while displaying, in user interface  616  of the email application, text  618  of the received message, electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  605  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). In response to and while detecting rotational input  605  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  scrolls text  618  on the display. 
     While scrolling text  618  on the display, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, a tactile output sequence  620  (e.g., a “minor” tactile output, as described in Table 1). In some embodiments, electronic device  600  also generates an audio output sequence (e.g., having a second type of audio pattern) associated with tactile output sequence  620 . 
       FIGS. 6I-6J  illustrate electronic device  600  continuing to detect rotational input  605  on input element  604  and, in response to and while detecting rotational input  605 , scrolling (e.g., downward) text  618  of the received message on the display. As shown in  FIGS. 6I-6J , while detecting rotational input  605  and scrolling text  618 , electronic device  600  continues generating tactile output sequence  620 . 
     In  FIG. 6K , after continuing to scroll text  618  of the received message in response to and while detecting rotational input  605  on input element  604 , the end of the continuous text constituting text  618  is reached. As shown in  FIG. 6K , electronic device  600  displays, in user interface  616  of the email application below text  618 , an affordance  622  (e.g., a reply button) for performing a function associated with the received message. In some embodiments, upon displaying (e.g., fully displaying) affordance  622  on the display, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with the tactile output sequence  610 , first described above with reference to  FIG. 6E . Alternatively, in some embodiments, electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  610  when affordance  622  “snaps” to the display from an edge (e.g., the bottom edge) of the display. Alternatively, in some embodiments, electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  610  when affordance  622  is moved to (e.g., and “snaps” to) a focal region of the display (e.g., a center region of the display). 
     In  FIG. 6L , electronic device  600  is no longer detecting rotational input  605  but is still displaying, on display  602 , bottom portion of text  618  and affordance  622  of user interface  616 . 
     In  FIG. 6M , while displaying bottom portion of text  618  and affordance  622  of user interface  616 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  607  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). In response to detecting and while continuing to detect rotational input  607 , electronic device  600  scrolls (e.g., in a downwards direction in accordance with the direction of rotational input  607 ) user interface  616 . 
     In  FIG. 6N , while scrolling user interface  616  in response to rotational input  607  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  displays, below affordance  622  in user interface  616 , an affordance  624  (e.g., a delete button) for performing another function associated with the received message, and is the same type of user interface element (e.g., an affordance of the email application) as affordance  622 . In some embodiments, upon displaying (e.g., fully displaying) affordance  624  on the display, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  610  when affordance  622  “snaps” to the display from an edge (e.g., the bottom edge) of the display. Alternatively, in some embodiments, electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  610  when affordance  622  is moved to (e.g., and “snaps” to) a focal region of the display (e.g., a center region of the display). 
     In  FIG. 6O , while continuing to scroll user interface  616  in response to rotational input  607  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  displays, below affordance  624  in user interface  616 , an affordance  626  (e.g., a dismiss button) for performing another function associated with the received message, and is the same type of user interface element (e.g., an affordance of the email application) as affordances  622  and  624 . Further, affordance  626  is a terminus user interface element of user interface  616 . 
     In some embodiments, upon displaying (e.g., fully displaying) affordance  626  on the display, as shown in  FIG. 6O , electronic device generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, a tactile output sequence  630  (e.g., a “limit” tactile output, as described in Table 1). In some embodiments, electronic device  600  also generates an audio output sequence (e.g., having a third type of audio pattern) associated with tactile output sequence  630 . 
     Alternatively, as with affordances  622  and  624 , in some embodiments, upon displaying (e.g., fully displaying) affordance  626  on the display, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  610  when affordance  622  “snaps” to the display from an edge (e.g., the bottom edge) of the display. Alternatively, in some embodiments, electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  610  when affordance  622  is moved to (e.g., and “snaps” to) a focal region of the display (e.g., a center region of the display). 
     In  FIG. 6O , electronic device  600  continues detecting, even after fully displaying the terminus user interface element (e.g., affordance  626 ) of user interface  616  and generating tactile output sequence  630 , rotational input  607  on input element  604 . As a result of continued rotational input  607  on input element  604 , user interface  616  is further scrolled beyond the terminus user interface element (e.g., affordance  626 ) such that an empty region beyond affordance  626  is shown, as shown in  FIG. 6P  (e.g., user interface  616  is “stretched” beyond its terminus element). 
     After scrolling beyond affordance  626 , electronic device  600  no longer detects rotational input  607 .  FIGS. 6Q-6R  illustrate user interface  616 , in response to no longer detecting rotational input  607 , moving back (e.g., “bouncing back”) to its initial position in  FIG. 6O  prior to being stretched beyond its terminus user interface element (e.g., affordance  626 ). For the sake of convenience, the stretch and subsequent bounce-back effect of the user interface illustrated in  FIGS. 6O-6R  is referred to from hereon as the “rubberbanding” effect. In some embodiments, after generating tactile output sequence  630  upon reaching the terminus user interface element, electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output during a subsequent rubberbanding movement of the user interface. 
       FIG. 6S  illustrates electronic device  600  displaying, on display  602 , a middle portion of text  618  of the received message within user interface  616  of the email application. While displaying text  618 , electronic device  600  detects a non-rotational input  609  (e.g., a press input, a press-and-hold input) on input element  604 . 
     In  FIG. 6T , in response to detecting non-rotational input  609  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  displays, on display  602 , a user interface  628  (e.g., a time user interface, a home use interface, a main user interface) different from user interface  616 . Further, electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output in response to non-rotational input  609  on input element  604 . 
       FIGS. 6U-6AF  illustrate electronic device  600  navigating through a solar clock user interface  632  in response to rotational inputs on input element  604 . As shown in  FIG. 6U , solar clock user interface  632  includes a solar path  634  and a solar indicator  636  (e.g., a curved line indicative of the position of the sun during the course of a day). In  FIG. 6U , while displaying solar clock user interface  632 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  611  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). 
     In  FIG. 6V , while detecting rotational input  611  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  moves solar indicator  636  along solar path  634  in a forward direction and generates (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators of the device) tactile output sequence  620  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 . As also shown in  FIG. 6V , while moving solar indicator  636  on solar path  634 , electronic device  600  indicates, on solar path  634 , discrete positions  638 A- 638 E corresponding to milestone times during the course of a day (e.g., dawn, solar noon, twilight, sunset, dusk). 
     In  FIG. 6W , while continuing to detect rotational input  611  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  continues moving solar indicator  636  along solar path  634  in a forward direction until solar indicator  636  is moved to position  638 C (e.g., solar noon). Upon reaching position  638 C, electronic device  600  generates (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators of the device) tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
     In  FIGS. 6X-6Y , while continuing to detect rotational input  611  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  continues moving solar indicator  636  along solar path  634 , between discrete positions  638 C and  638 D, in a forward direction and, while moving solar indicator  636 , generates (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators of the device) tactile output sequence  620  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 . 
     In  FIG. 6Z , while continuing to detect rotational input  611  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  continues moving solar indicator  636  along solar path  634  in a forward direction until solar indicator  636  is moved to position  638 D (e.g., sunset). Upon reaching position  638 D, electronic device  600  generates (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators of the device,) tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
     In  FIG. 6AA , after reaching position  638 D, electronic device  600  detects rotational input  613  on input element  604  (e.g., in a counter-clockwise direction). In response to detecting rotational input  613 , electronic device  600  moves solar indicator  636  along solar path  634 , between discrete positions  638 C and  638 D, in a backwards direction and, while moving solar indicator  636 , generates (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators of the device) tactile output sequence  620  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 . 
     In  FIG. 6AB , electronic device  600  detects rotational input  615  on input element  604  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). In response to detecting rotational input  615 , electronic device  600  moves solar indicator  636  along solar path  634  back in a forward direction until solar indicator  636  is again moved to position  638 D (e.g., sunset). Upon reaching position  638 D, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
     In  FIG. 6AC , while continuing to detect rotational input  615  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  continues moving solar indicator  636  along solar path  634 , between discrete positions  638 D and  638 E, in a forward direction and, while moving solar indicator  636 , generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  620  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 . 
     In  FIG. 6AD , while continuing to detect rotational input  615  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  continues moving solar indicator  636  along solar path  634  in a forward direction until solar indicator  636  is moved to position  638 E (e.g., Dusk). Upon reaching position  638 E, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
     In  FIG. 6AE , while continuing to detect rotational input  615  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  continues moving solar indicator  636  along solar path  634  (e.g., past discrete position  638 E) in a forward direction and, while moving solar indicator  636 , generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  620  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 . 
     In  FIG. 6AF , while continuing to detect rotational input  615  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  continues moving solar indicator  636  along solar path  634  in a forward direction until solar indicator  636  is moved to position an end position of solar path  634  (e.g., Solar Midnight). Upon reaching the end position of solar path  634 , electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
       FIGS. 7A-7D  are a flow diagram illustrating a method for managing user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. Method  700  is performed at a device (e.g.,  100 ,  300 ,  500 ,  600 ) with a display (e.g., display  602 ), an input element (e.g.,  604 ), and one or more tactile output generators (e.g., the one or more tactile output generators of electronic device described above with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6AF ). Some operations in method  700  are, optionally, combined, the orders of some operations are, optionally, changed, and some operations are, optionally, omitted. 
     As described below, method  700  provides an intuitive way for managing user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user for managing and navigating user interfaces, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, enabling a user to navigate user interfaces faster and more efficiently by providing content-based tactile outputs conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) displays ( 702 ), on the display (e.g.,  602 ), a user interface (e.g.,  608 ,  616 , a user interface that includes continuous content, such as continuous text of a messaging application, and/or discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs). In some embodiments, a platter is a predefined unit of a user interface that is a visually discrete and selectable user interface object, item, or element that is separate in functionality and/or purpose from other platters within the user interface, and is visually distinct and/or distinguishable from other platters and other user interface objects, items, or elements within the user interface. 
     While displaying the user interface (e.g.,  608 ,  616 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 704 ), via the input element (e.g.,  604 ), a first input (e.g.,  601 ,  605 , a rotational input on the input element, where the rotational input is in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction). 
     In response to detecting ( 706 ) the first input (e.g.,  601 ,  605 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) navigates ( 708 ) through (e.g., scrolls through) the user interface (e.g.,  608 ,  616 ). In response to detecting ( 706 ) the first input, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 710 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output (e.g.,  610 ,  620 , a sequence of a number of discrete, individual tactile outputs) corresponding to the navigation through the user interface. Generating a tactile output in response to a rotational input on an input element and while navigating through content enables a user to quickly and easily recognize that content on the user interface is being scrolled and the type of content that is displayed and scrolled on the user interface, thereby enhancing operability of the device and user efficiency. This in turn enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. Generating a tactile output in response to the rotational input 
     The tactile output (e.g.,  610 ,  620 , a sequence of a number of discrete, individual tactile outputs) corresponding to the navigation through the user interface (e.g.,  616 ) includes, in accordance with a determination ( 712 ) that a currently-displayed portion of the user interface (e.g.,  616 ) (e.g., a currently-selected (e.g., and displayed) portion of the user interface or a currently-selected user interface element within the user interface that is currently-displayed, a top portion or middle portion of the currently-selected user interface element) includes a first type of content (e.g.,  618 , continuous content, such as continuous text), the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes ( 714 ) a first type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  620 , a textural tactile output sequence) that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an input metric (e.g., a speed and/or magnitude) of the first input (e.g., without regard to movement of predefined units of content in the user interface). In some embodiments, the first type of tactile output sequence comprises variable tactile output spacing that is determined, for example, by the application corresponding to the displayed content. Generating a different type of tactile output sequence depending on the type of content that is being navigated in the user interface enables a user to quickly and easily recognize the nature, functionality, and/or features of the content that is being navigated while navigating/scrolling the content. Providing additional control of the device and reducing the number of inputs needed to perform an operation enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, the number of tactile outputs generated in the first type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  620 , generated within a fixed period of time (e.g., a rate of output)) corresponds to (e.g., is proportional to) a speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the first input, the first input is a rotational input on the input element. In some embodiments, as described in greater detail below with reference to  FIGS. 14A-14H , the number of tactile outputs in the sequence of tactile outputs increases, and thus the tactile outputs are generated at a higher rate of occurrence, as the speed (e.g., rotational speed) of a rotational input on the input element increases, and the number of tactile outputs in the sequence of tactile outputs decreases (e.g., and thus the tactile outputs are generated at a lower rate of occurrence) as the speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input on the input element decreases. Generating a tactile output sequence where the number of tactile outputs correspond to the speed of the rotational input provides sensory feedback about a nature/characteristic of the user&#39;s input on the device, thereby enabling the user to easily respond accordingly (e.g., by increasing or decreasing the speed of the rotational input). Providing improved feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     The tactile output (e.g., a sequence of a number of discrete, individual tactile outputs) corresponding to the navigation through the user interface (e.g.,  608 ) includes, in accordance with a determination ( 716 ) that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface (e.g., a currently-selected (e.g., and displayed) portion of the user interface or a currently-selected user interface element within the user interface that is currently-displayed, a top portion or middle portion of the currently-selected user interface element) includes a second type of content (e.g., discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs) different from the first type of content, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a second type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  610 , a content-driven tactile output sequence) that includes ( 718 ) one or more tactile outputs determined based on movement of predefined units of content in the user interface. In some embodiments, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) does not generate tactile outputs corresponding to the second type of tactile output sequence if the content being navigated is of the second type. In some embodiments, the predefined units of content correspond to visually distinguished content elements (e.g., buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs) within the content. 
     In some embodiments, the user interface does not include content that is the second type of content. In some embodiments, the user interface is a notification user interface (e.g.,  612 ) that includes continuous notification text without including discrete content items (e.g., buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs) 
     In some embodiments, the user interface (e.g.,  608 ) does not include content that is the first type of content. In some embodiments, the user interface includes discrete content items (e.g., buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs) without including continuous content such as a block of text or an image. 
     In some embodiments, a particular type of tactile output corresponds to a particular tactile output pattern. For example, as described with reference to  FIGS. 5C-5H  and in Table 1, a tactile output pattern specifies characteristics of a tactile output, such as the amplitude of the tactile output, the shape of a movement waveform of the tactile output, the frequency of the tactile output, and/or the duration of the tactile output. When tactile outputs with different tactile output patterns are generated by a device (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators that move a moveable mass to generate tactile outputs), the tactile outputs may invoke different haptic sensations in a user holding or touching the device. While the sensation of the user is based on the user&#39;s perception of the tactile output, most users will be able to identify changes in waveform, frequency, and amplitude of tactile outputs generated by the device. 
     In some embodiments, the first type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  620 , a textural tactile output sequence) is different from (e.g., distinguishable from) the second type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  610 , a content-driven tactile output sequence). In some embodiments, the first type of tactile output sequence is different from the second type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  610 ) in that the number, amplitudes, and/or pattern of the one or more tactile outputs of the first type of tactile output sequence is different from the number, amplitudes, and/or pattern of the one or more tactile outputs of the second type of tactile output. That is, from the perspective of a user of the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ), the sensory sensation felt by the user from first type of tactile output sequence and from the second type of tactile output sequence are distinguishable. 
     In some embodiments, the second type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  610 , a content-driven tactile output sequence) is determined based on (e.g., synchronized to, aligned with, matches with) the movement of the predefined units of content (e.g., affordances, platters) in the user interface (e.g.,  608 ) (e.g., a predefined unit starting to be displayed on the display (e.g.,  602 ), being fully displayed on the display, moving in a snapping animation, starting to leave the display, being fully scrolled off of the display, or being scrolled to some predefined position on the display such as a center of the display), and the first type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  620 , a textural tactile output sequence) is determined independently of (e.g., not synchronized to) the movement of content in the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, generating ( 710 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface (e.g.,  616 ) includes, in accordance with a determination ( 736 ) that the user interface is displaying a terminal portion (e.g., a beginning or end portion, a top or bottom portion, an edge portion, a border portion) of the first type of content (e.g., continuous content, such as continuous text), the tactile output corresponding to the navigation includes a third type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  630 ), different from the first type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  620 ), indicating that the content is at the terminal portion. Providing a different type of tactile output to indicate that the content is at the terminal portion improves sensory feedback by enabling the user to quickly and easily recognize that the user has reached the end of the content (e.g., without having to attempt to further navigate/scroll the content). Providing improved feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. In some embodiments, generating ( 710 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface includes, in accordance with a determination ( 738 ) that the user interface is not displaying a terminal portion of the first type of content, the tactile output portion corresponding to the navigation does not include the third type of tactile output sequence (e.g., although the tactile output portion corresponding to the navigation optionally includes the first type of tactile output sequence or the second type of tactile output sequence depending on the type of content and the amount of navigation through the user interface). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination ( 716 ) that the user interface includes the second type of content (e.g.,  608 A,  608 B, discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs), and in accordance with a determination ( 728 ) that the predefined units of content are of a first type (e.g., relatively large discrete user interface objects), the tactile output has a first amplitude. In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination ( 716 ) that the user interface includes the second type of content (e.g., discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs), and in accordance with a determination ( 730 ) that the predefined units of content are of a second type (e.g., relatively small discrete user interface objects) different from the first type, the tactile output has a second amplitude smaller than the first amplitude (e.g., a reduced amplitude). In some embodiments, the tactile output corresponding to the second type of predefined units of content is an amplitude-reduced version of the tactile output corresponding to the first type of predefined units of content. Different types of tactile outputs are described in greater detail above with reference to  FIGS. 5C-5H  and in Table 1. 
     In some embodiments, while navigating through the user interface (e.g.,  608 ,  616 ,  632 ), in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the second type of content (e.g. discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs), generating ( 732 ) the tactile output (e.g., that includes the second type of tactile output sequence) comprises generating the tactile output in response to a movement (e.g., a snapping movement) of a first predefined unit of content (e.g.,  608 A,  608 B,  622 ,  624 ) into alignment on the display (e.g.,  602 ) (e.g., the first predefined unit snapping into a region of the display, such as a focal region, center region, or main viewing region of the display). Generating a tactile output in response to a movement of a first predefined unit of content into alignment on the display improves sensory feedback by enabling a user to quickly and easily recognize that the predefined unit of content is now the currently-selected content, and thus the user can proceed with using a feature/functionality associated with the predefined unit of content. Providing improved feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, while navigating through the user interface (e.g.,  608 ,  616 ,  632 ), in accordance with the determination that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface includes the second type of content (e.g. discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs), generating ( 734 ) the tactile output (e.g., that includes the second type of tactile output sequence) comprises generating the tactile output in response a movement (e.g., a snapping movement) of a first predefined unit of content (e.g.,  608 A,  608 B,  622 ,  624 ) out of alignment on the display (e.g.,  602 ) (e.g., the first predefined unit snapping out of a region of the display, such as a focal region, center region, or main viewing region of the display). 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) displays ( 746 ) (e.g., subsequent to detecting the first input), on the display, a second user interface (e.g.,  612 , a non-scrollable user interface, a non-modifiable user interface, a non-navigable user interface, a notification) different from the user interface (e.g.,  608 ,  616 ,  632 , a scrollable user interface, a modifiable user interface, a navigable user interface). In some embodiments, while displaying the second user interface, the electronic device detects ( 748 ), via the input element, a second input (e.g., a rotational input, a rotational input on the input element in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction). In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 750 ) the second input, the electronic device, in accordance with a determination that the second input does not cause a navigation of the second user interface (e.g., because the second user interface is non-scrollable), forgoes generating ( 752 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, a tactile output. Thus, in some embodiments, if an input (e.g., rotational input) on the input element causes a change and/or modification of the displayed user interface, the electronic device does not generate a tactile output in response to the input, thereby enabling the user to quickly and easily recognize, while making an input on the device, that the input caused a change and/or modification of the displayed user interface. This in turn enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 750 ) the second input, the electronic device, in accordance with a determination that the second input causes a navigation of the second user interface (e.g., because the second user interface is scrollable), generates ( 754 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output. In some embodiments, if the navigation of the second user interface includes (e.g., only includes) a navigation of continuous content (e.g., continuous text), the generated tactile output is the first type of tactile output/tactile output sequence (e.g., a textural tactile output sequence). In some embodiments, if the navigation of the second sure interface includes (e.g., only includes) a navigation of discrete content (e.g., buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs), the generated tactile output is the second type of tactile output/tactile output sequence (e.g., a content-driven tactile output sequence) different from the first type of tactile output/tactile output sequence. 
     In some embodiments, the second user interface (e.g.,  612 ) corresponds to a notification (e.g., of an incoming electronic communication, an alert), and the notification replaces display of the user interface (e.g.,  608 ). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the user interface (e.g.,  608 ,  616 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 720 ), via a second input element (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of the display of the electronic device) different from the input element (e.g.,  604 ), a second input (e.g., a touch-based navigational gesture or scrolling gesture on the display (e.g.,  602 )). In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 722 ) the second input, the electronic device navigates ( 724 ) through the user interface (e.g., scrolls through the user interface). In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 722 ) the second input, the electronic device forgoes generating ( 726 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 706 ) the first input (e.g.,  601 ,  605 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 740 ) (e.g., via the one or more tactile out generators and/or one or more speakers of or connected to the electronic device) audio output associated with the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface (e.g.,  608 ,  616 ,  632 ). In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination ( 742 ) that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface (e.g.,  616 ) includes the first type of content (e.g., continuous content), the audio output includes an audio output sequence that is associated with (e.g., based on) tactile output sequence  610 . In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination ( 744 ) that the currently-displayed portion of the user interface (e.g.,  608 ) includes the second type of content (e.g., discrete content), the audio output includes a second type of audio output sequence that is associated with (e.g., based on) the second type of tactile output sequence. Providing an audio output associated with the tactile output improves feedback by providing another avenue for the user to recognize that content is being scrolled and the types of content that are being scrolled in the user interface. Providing improved feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination ( 7526 ) that an event triggering a notification (e.g.,  612 , activation of an alert, receiving an electronic communication, such as a text or email message) is detected while not detecting input via the input element (e.g.,  604 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates a tactile output (e.g.,  614 ) corresponding to the notification and, optionally, displaying, on the display, the notification. In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the event triggering the notification (e.g., activation of an alert, receiving an electronic communication, such as a text or email message) is detected while detecting input via the first input element, the electronic device forgoes generating the tactile output corresponding to the notification and, optionally, forgoing displaying, on the display, the notification. In some embodiments, the tactile output corresponding to the notification is suppressed. In some embodiments, the tactile output corresponding to the notification is delayed until input via the first input element ceases to be detected. In some embodiments, the electronic device displays the notification upon detecting that the first input is no longer being detected. 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that an event triggering a notification (e.g.,  612 , activation of an alert, receiving an electronic communication, such as a text or email message) is detected while detecting the first input (e.g.,  601 ,  605 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) forgoes generating ( 756 ) a tactile output (e.g.,  614 ) corresponding to the notification (e.g., an alert tactile output) until predefined criteria (e.g., a predetermined amount of time) are met and, optionally, displaying, on the display, the notification for a predetermined amount of time. In some embodiments, in response to a determination that the predetermined criteria have been met (e.g., that the predetermined amount of time has passed), the electronic device generates ( 758 ) the tactile output corresponding to the notification and, optionally, displaying, on the display, the notification. In some embodiments, the electronic device displays the notification after the predetermined amount of time has passed even if the first input is still being detected. Thus, in some embodiments, the tactile output corresponding to the notification (e.g., an alert tactile output) does not interfere with the tactile output corresponding to the navigation through the user interface via the first input. 
     Note that details of the processes described above with respect to method  700  (e.g.,  FIGS. 7A-7D ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to the methods described below. For example, method  900  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  700 . For example, a different type of tactile output sequence is generated during scrolling of content and at the end of content, as described in method  900 . For another example, method  1100  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  700 . For example, a tactile output sequence is generated when adjusting via rotational input on an input element, as opposed to a touch input on a display, as described in method  1100 . For another example, method  1300  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  700 . For example, one or more different types of tactile output sequences are provided while adjusting a time setting via a rotational input on an input element, as described in method  1300 . For another example, method  1500  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  700 . For example, a magnitude/amplitude and/or number of discrete tactile outputs in a generated tactile output sequence changes in response to a change in rotational speed of a rotational input on an input element, as described in method  1500 . For brevity, these details are not repeated below. 
       FIGS. 8A-8T  illustrate exemplary user interfaces associated with end-of-content tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 9A-9B . 
       FIG. 8A  illustrates electronic device  600 , as described above with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6AF . In  FIG. 8A , electronic device  600  displays, on display  602 , text  804  of a received message (e.g., comprising continuous text of the received message) in a user interface  802  of a messaging application (e.g., an email application, a text message application, a chat application). Text  804  is shown in a user interface item  806  of user interface  802 , where the user interface item  806  is a terminus user interface element (e.g., a first user interface element) of user interface  802  and is displayed in its initial position, with the beginning of text  804  shown on the display. 
     In  FIG. 8A , while displaying user interface item  806  in its initial position within user interface  802 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  801  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). In response to detecting rotational input  801 , electronic device  600  scrolls text  804  downwards to display portions of text  804  that, in  FIG. 8A , was not visible on the display. As shown in  FIG. 8B , while scrolling text  804  (e.g., comprising continuous text), electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  620  (e.g., a “minor” tactile output sequence, as described in Table 1). In some embodiments, electronic device  600  also generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, the audio output sequence (e.g., having a second type of audio pattern) associated with tactile output sequence  620 . 
     In  FIG. 8B  after scrolling text  804  downwards, electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  803  (e.g., in a counter-clockwise direction). In response to detecting rotational input  803 , electronic device  600  scrolls text  804  back upwards towards the initial position of text  804  on the display. As shown in  FIG. 8C , while scrolling text  804  (e.g., comprising continuous text), electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  620  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 . 
     In  FIG. 8C , electronic device  600  continues detecting rotational input  803  on input element  604 . In response to continuing to detect rotational input  803 , electronic device  600  continues scrolling text  804  upwards until user interface item  806  is back to its initial position on the display, and the top-end of user interface  802  is reached on the top-edge of the display. 
     In  FIG. 8D , upon user interface  802  reaching its top-end on the display, electronic device generates tactile output sequence  630  (e.g., a “limit” tactile output sequence, as described in Table 1). In some embodiments, electronic device  600  also generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, the audio output sequence (e.g., having a third type of audio pattern) associated with tactile output sequence  630 . 
     In  FIG. 8D , electronic device  600  continues detecting rotational input  803  on input element  604 , even after user interface  802  reaching its top-end on the display. 
       FIGS. 8E-8F  illustrate user interface item  806  including text  804  being scrolled beyond its initial position in  FIG. 8A  in a “rubberbanding” effect, as first described above with reference to  FIGS. 6P-6R . In  FIGS. 8E-8F , electronic device  600  continues detecting rotational input  803  on input element  604 . As a result of continued rotational input  803  on input element  604 , user interface  802  is further scrolled beyond the terminus user interface item (e.g., user interface item  806 ) such that an empty region beyond user interface item  806  is shown (e.g., a region that is blank or has a different color or texture from the user interface item) and, once rotational input  803  is no longer detected, user interface item  806  “bounces back” to its initial position in  FIG. 8A  in a rubberbanding effect, as shown in  FIG. 8G . During the rubberbanding effect illustrated in  FIGS. 8E-8F , electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output (e.g., nor an audio output). Further, electronic device  600  does not generate tactile output sequence  630  sequence after the “bounce-back” of user interface item  806  to its initial position, as shown in  FIG. 8G . 
       FIGS. 8H-8K  illustrate text  804  being scrolled via a touch scrolling input (e.g., on a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ). In  FIG. 8H , while displaying user interface item  806  in its initial position, electronic device  600  detects (e.g., via a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ) a touch scrolling gesture  805  (e.g., in an upwards direction) on text  804 . 
     In  FIG. 8I , in response to detecting touch scrolling gesture  805 , electronic device  600  scrolls text  804  (e.g., in a downwards direction) such that portions of text  804  that was not visible in  FIG. 8H  is visible in  FIG. 8I . In  FIG. 8J , after scrolling text  804  in response to detecting touch scrolling gesture  805 , electronic device  600  detects (e.g., via a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ) another touch scrolling gesture  807  (e.g., in an upwards direction). As shown in  FIGS. 8G-8J , electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output (e.g., tactile output sequence  620 ) when scrolling text  804  in response to a touch scrolling input (e.g., as opposed to a rotational input on input element  604 ). 
     In  FIG. 8K , in response to detecting touch scrolling gesture  807 , electronic device  600  further scrolls text  804  (e.g., in a downwards direction) such that the bottom-end of text  804  is displayed and an affordance  808  (e.g., a reply button) below user interface item  806  is shown in the display. As shown in  FIG. 8K , electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output (e.g., tactile output sequence  610 ) when displaying affordance  808  in response to a touch scrolling input (e.g., as opposed to a rotational input on input element  604 ). 
     In some embodiments, affordance  808  is a terminus user interface item (e.g., the last, bottom-most user interface item) of user interface  802 . In some embodiments, even if affordance  808  is a terminus user interface item of user interface  802 , electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output (e.g., tactile output sequence  630 ) when the display reaches an end of user interface  802 . 
       FIGS. 8L-8P  illustrate a plurality of platters of a workout application (e.g., the workout application first described above with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6E ) being scrolled by a rotational input  809  on input element  604 . As mentioned, a platter is a discrete user interface element/item (e.g., as opposed to the continuous text of text  804 , which is a continuous user interface element/item). 
     In  FIG. 8L , while displaying, on display  602 , a user interface  810  of the workout application, where user interface  810  includes a plurality of platters, including a platter  812 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , rotational input  809 . 
     In response to detecting and while continuing to detect rotational input  809  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  scrolls the plurality of platters of user interface  810 . In  FIG. 8M , platter  812  is gradually moved off of a top-edge of the display and a platter  814  (e.g., positioned below platter  812 ) is gradually moved onto the display, where platter  814  is a terminus user interface item (e.g., the last, bottom-most platter) of user interface  810 . 
     In  FIG. 8N , platter  814  is fully moved onto the display as a result of rotational input  809  on input element  604 . In response to platter  814  being fully moved onto the bottom of the display, as shown in  FIG. 8N , electronic device  600  generates tactile output sequence  630  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with the tactile output sequence  630 . 
     In  FIGS. 8O-8P , electronic device  600  continues detecting rotational input  809  on input element  604 . As a result of continued rotational input  809  on input element  604 , user interface  810  is further scrolled beyond the terminus user interface item (e.g., platter  814 ) such that an empty region beyond user interface item  814  is shown (e.g., the “stretch” portion of the rubberbanding effect). 
     In  FIG. 8Q , electronic device  600  no longer detects rotational input  809  on input element  604 . Upon no longer detecting rotational input  809  on input element  604 , platter  814  “bounces back” to its initial position in  FIG. 8N  (e.g., the “bounce-back” portion of the rubberbanding effect). During the rubberbanding effect illustrated in  FIGS. 8O-8Q , electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output (e.g., nor an audio output). Further, electronic device  600  does not generate tactile output sequence  630  after the “bounce-back” of platter  814  to its initial position, as shown in  FIG. 8Q . This lack of tactile output after an end of the content has been reached when scrolling inputs before reaching the end of the content generated tactile outputs during the scrolling inputs provides the user with an indication that an end of the content has been reached. 
       FIGS. 8R-8T  illustrate the rubberbanding effect of platter  814  in response to a touch scrolling gesture  811  (e.g., on a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ), as opposed to rotational input  809  on input element  604 . Prior to the rubberbanding effect, contrary to scrolling in response a rotational input on input element  604  (e.g., rotational input  809 ), electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output (e.g., does not generate tactile output sequence  630 ) upon initially reaching an end of user interface  810  (e.g., platter  814  being fully moved onto the bottom of the display, as shown in  FIG. 8N ) in response to a touch scrolling gesture. Further, during the rubberbanding effect illustrated in  FIGS. 8R-8T , electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output (e.g., nor an audio output). 
       FIGS. 9A-9B  are a flow diagram illustrating a method for managing user interfaces associated with end-of-content tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. Method  900  is performed at a device (e.g.,  100 ,  300 ,  500 ,  600 ) with a display, an input element (e.g., a rotatable input device that is rotatable relative to a housing of the device; a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a fixed socket and a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) attached to or affixed to a shaft, where the rotatable component and shaft rotate together in the fixed socket; a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) that rotates relative to a fixed component (e.g., a fixed shaft); a rotatable input device/mechanism that rotates, in response to a rotational input, on an axis such that the direction of the rotation is parallel to the display of the electronic device; a rotatable input device/mechanism that can detect rotational input (e.g., via a touch-detection mechanism) without the device itself being physically rotated; a rotatable and press-able input device; a rotatable crown), and one or more tactile output generators (e.g., located in the input element and/or located in the main housing of the electronic device). Some operations in method  900  are, optionally, combined, the orders of some operations are, optionally, changed, and some operations are, optionally, omitted. 
     As described below, method  900  provides an intuitive way for managing user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user for managing and navigating user interfaces, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, enabling a user to navigate user interfaces faster and more efficiently by providing content-based tactile outputs conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) displays ( 902 ), on the display (e.g.,  602 ), a first portion (e.g., a non-terminal portion) of content (e.g., continuous content, such as continuous text of a messaging application (e.g., an email application or a chat application), discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs). 
     While displaying the first portion of content (e.g.,  804 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 904 ), via the input element (e.g.,  604 ), a first input (e.g.,  801 ,  803 , a rotational input on the input element, a rotational input in a particular direction, such as a clockwise direction or a counter-clockwise direction). Detecting a rotational input via an input element (e.g., a rotatable input element) enhances usability and user efficiency of the device by enabling a user to quickly, easily, and intuitively navigate/scroll through displayed content. This is in turn enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In response to detecting ( 906 ) the first input (e.g.,  801 ,  803 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) navigates ( 908 ) through the content (e.g.,  804 ) (e.g., scrolling through the content) to display a second portion of the content (e.g., a different portion of the content that was previously not displayed). In response to detecting ( 906 ) the first input (e.g.,  801 ,  803 ), the electronic device generates ( 910 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, a first type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  620 ) that includes one or more tactile outputs (e.g., a textural tactile output sequence that is based on an input metric of the input). 
     While displaying the second portion of the content, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 912 ), via the input element (e.g.,  604 ), a second input (e.g., a rotational input on the input element, a rotational input in a particular direction, such as a clockwise direction or a counter-clockwise direction). 
     In response to detecting ( 914 ) the second input and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion (e.g., a beginning or end portion, a border portion, an edge portion) of the content, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) displays ( 916 ) a visual indication (e.g., shifting animation, a bouncing animation (e.g., prior to a bounce-back animation), a rubberbanding-effect animation of the content) that the content (e.g.,  804 ) is a terminal portion of the content. In some embodiments, the terminal portion of the content is a beginning portion (e.g., top portion, a top-edge portion) of the content or an end portion (e.g., a bottom portion, a bottom-edge portion) of the content. Displaying a visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content improves visual feedback by providing an intuitive visual effect that enables a user to quickly and easily recognize that an end of the content has been reached while the user interface can still be moved. Providing improved visual feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, displaying the visual indication (e.g., the rubberbanding effect) that the content is a terminal portion of the content includes displaying a visual effect that changes as the input (e.g.,  803 ) continues such as displaying an area (e.g., a background) beyond the terminus of the visual content, displaying a graphical element that increases or decreases in size, opacity or brightness as the input continues to be detected after reaching at terminus of the content, or continuing to move the content on the display (e.g.,  602 ) in a respective direction but decreasing the amount by which a unit of movement of the input moves the content in the respective direction as the input continues. Displaying a visual effect that changes as the input continues, such as displaying an area (e.g., a background) beyond the terminus of the visual content improves visual feedback by providing an intuitive visual effect that enables a user to quickly and easily recognize that an end of the content has been reached while the user interface can still be moved. Providing improved visual feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, displaying the visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content comprises shifting (e.g., moving the portion of content a particular distance in a particular direction on the display (e.g.,  602 ), bouncing the portion of content off of its initial position on the display) the second portion of the content on the display. In some embodiments, after shifting the second portion of the content, the content is subsequently shifted back to its initial position on the display. Displaying a shifting of the content and then a subsequent bounce-back of the content improves visual feedback by providing an intuitive visual effect that enables a user to quickly and easily recognize that an end of the content has been reached while the user interface can still be moved. Providing improved visual feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, shifting the second portion of the content on the display (e.g.,  602 ) comprises moving the second portion of the content at least partially off of an edge of the display. In some embodiments, after moving/shifting the second portion of the content at least partially off of an edge of the display, the second portion of the content is subsequently moved/shifted back onto the display, and the content is returned to its initial position. 
     In some embodiments, a visual characteristic (e.g., a rate of movement of a shifting indication, a color, a brightness, a frequency of a recurring visual effect) of the visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content is based on an input metric (e.g., speed and/or magnitude) of the second input. 
     In response to detecting ( 914 ) the second input and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion (e.g., a beginning or end portion, a border portion, an edge portion) of the content, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) forgoes generating ( 918 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  620 ) or, optionally, forgoing generating any tactile output. In some embodiments, a particular type of tactile output corresponds to a particular tactile output pattern. For example, as described in greater detail above with reference to  FIGS. 5C-5H  and in Table 1, a tactile output pattern specifies characteristics of a tactile output, such as the amplitude of the tactile output, the shape of a movement waveform of the tactile output, the frequency of the tactile output, and/or the duration of the tactile output. When tactile outputs with different tactile output patterns are generated by a device (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators that move a moveable mass to generate tactile outputs), the tactile outputs may invoke different haptic sensations in a user holding or touching the device. While the sensation of the user is based on the user&#39;s perception of the tactile output, most users will be able to identify changes in waveform, frequency, and amplitude of tactile outputs generated by the device. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 914 ) the second input (e.g.,  803 , a rotational input on the input element (e.g.,  604 ), a rotational input in a particular direction, such as the clockwise direction or a counter-clockwise direction) and in accordance with the determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion (e.g., a beginning or end portion, a border portion, an edge portion) of the content, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 934 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, a third type of tactile output sequence (e.g., different from the first type of tactile output sequence, a reduced-amplitude version first type of tactile output sequence). Generating the tactile output sequence upon first reaching an end of the content improves sensory feedback and user efficiency by enabling the user to quickly and easily recognize, while providing a rotational input on an input element, that the end of the content has been reached. Providing improved feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, subsequent to detecting the second input (e.g.,  803 ) and while displaying the second portion of the content, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 936 ), via the input element, a third input (e.g., a rotational input on the input element), where the second input (e.g., a rotational input) is in a first direction (e.g., a clockwise direction or a counter-clockwise direction) and the third input is in a direction opposite of that of the second input. In some embodiments, in response to detecting the third input, the electronic device forgoes generating ( 938 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, the third type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  630 , and instead generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence). Forgoing generating the tactile output upon reaching the end of the content a second time (e.g., after a bounce-back from a rubberbanding effect) improves the operability and user convenience of the device by forgoing generating unnecessary feedback, which in turn makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, the third type of tactile output sequence (e.g.,  630 ) corresponds to (e.g., has the same types/pattern of tactile outputs as) the first type of tactile output sequence, the first type of tactile output sequence is associated with a first type of audio output sequence, and the third type of tactile output sequence is associated with a second type of audio output sequence different from (e.g., different in types and/or pattern) the first type of audio output sequence. In some embodiments, similar to a tactile output, a particular type of audio output corresponds to a particular type of audio output pattern. For example, an audio output pattern specifies characteristics of an audio output, such as the magnitude/amplitude/volume of the audio output, the shape of a sound waveform of the audio output, the frequency of the audio output, and/or the duration of the audio output. When audio outputs with different audio output patterns are generated by a device (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators that move a moveable mass to generate audio outputs, via one or more speakers), the audio outputs may invoke different audio-related sensations in a user holding or touching the device or proximate to the device. 
     In some embodiments, subsequent to detecting the second input (e.g.,  803 ) and while displaying the second portion of the content, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 926 ), via the input element (e.g.,  604 ), a third input (e.g., a third rotation of the input element), where the third input is in a direction opposite of the second input. In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 928 ) the third input, the electronic device navigates back ( 930 ) (e.g., navigating in the opposite direction from the navigation caused by the first input) through the content to display the first portion of the content. In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 928 ) the third input, the electronic device generates ( 932 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence (e.g., a textural tactile output sequence that is based on an input metric of the input). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the second portion of the content, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 940 ), on the display (e.g.,  602 , via a touch-sensitive surface of the display), a fourth input (e.g., a touch-based scrolling input on a touch-sensitive surface of the display and not on the input element). In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 942 ) the scrolling input and in accordance with the determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion (e.g., a beginning or end portion, a border portion, an edge portion) of the content, the electronic device displays ( 944 ) the visual indication that the content is a terminal portion of the content. In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 942 ) the scrolling input and in accordance with the determination that the second portion of the content is a terminal portion (e.g., a beginning or end portion, a border portion, an edge portion) of the content, the electronic device forgoes generating ( 946 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence and, optionally, forgoing any tactile output/tactile output sequence associated with navigating through the content. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 920 ) the second input (e.g.,  803 ) and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is not a terminal portion (e.g., a beginning or end portion, a border portion, an edge portion) of the content, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) displays ( 922 ), on the display (e.g.,  602 ), a third portion of the content (e.g., navigating through the content to display a portion of the content adjacent to/continuous with the second portion of the content). In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 920 ) the second input and in accordance with a determination that the second portion of the content is not a terminal portion (e.g., a beginning or end portion, a border portion, an edge portion) of the content, the electronic device generates ( 924 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, the first type of tactile output sequence (e.g., a textural tactile output sequence that is based on an input metric of the input). Generating a different type of tactile output for navigating/scrolling through content and for reaching an end of the content improves feedback by enabling the user to quickly and easily recognize that whether the displayed content is being scrolled and can be further scrolled. Providing improved feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     Note that details of the processes described above with respect to method  900  (e.g.,  FIGS. 9A-9B ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to the methods described above and below. For example, method  700  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  900 . For example, one or more tactile output sequences, as described in method  700  are provided while scrolling content in response to a rotational input on an input element and upon reaching the end of the content. For another example, method  1100  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  900 . For example, as in method  900 , tactile outputs are generated in response to rotational input on an input element, but not in response to touch input on a display. For another example, method  1300  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  900 . For example, similar types of tactile output sequences can be generated in a time setting user interface, as described in method  1300 , as when scrolling content and reaching an end of content, as described in method  900 . For another example, method  1500  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  900 . For example, as described in method  1500 , the magnitude/amplitude and/or rate of occurrence of tactile outputs can change based on changes in speed of a rotational input when scrolling content and reaching an end of content. For brevity, these details are not repeated below. 
       FIGS. 10A-10K  illustrate exemplary user interfaces associated with moving a user interface in response to different types of input, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 11A-11C . 
       FIGS. 10A-10E  illustrate a user interface  1002  of a workout application (e.g., the workout application first described above with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6E ) being scrolled on display  602  by a rotational input  1001  on input element  604 , where user interface  1002  includes a plurality of platters, including platter  1004 . 
     In  FIG. 10A , platter  1004  is currently aligned to (e.g., “snapped” to) a focal point (e.g., a center point, a focal region, a center region) of display  602 , as indicated by the N-number showing “No” in  FIG. 10A . While platter  1004  is aligned to the focal point of the display, electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1001  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). 
     In  FIG. 10B , in response to detecting rotational input  1001  on input element  604 , and while rotational input  1001  is maintained on input element  604  (e.g., but input element  604  is not being further rotated), electronic device  600  moves platter  1004  upwards by a first linear distance over the focal point of the display, as indicated by the N 1  N-number in  FIG. 10B . 
     In  FIG. 10C , rotational input  1001  is no longer maintained on input element  604 . Upon detecting that rotational input  1001  is no longer maintained on input element  604 , platter  1004  moves back (e.g., “snaps” back) to again align to the focal point of the display. 
     After moving back (e.g., “snapping” back) to the focal point of the display, electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1003 . In  FIG. 10D , in response to detecting rotational input  1003  on input element  604 , and while rotational input  1003  is maintained on input element  604  (e.g., but input element  604  is not being further rotated), electronic device  600  moves platter  1004  upwards by a second linear distance, greater than the first linear distance, over the focal point of the display, as indicated by the N 2  N-number in  FIG. 10D . Further, a platter  1006  (e.g., positioned below platter  1004 ) is also moved upwards by the second linear distance on the display. 
     In  FIG. 10E , rotational input  1003  is no longer maintained on input element  604 . Upon detecting that rotational input  1003  is no longer maintained on input element  604 , platter  1004  (e.g., partially) slides off of the top-edge of the display and platter  1006  now aligns to (e.g., “snaps” to) the focal point of the display, as indicated by the No N-number. Further, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  upon platter  1006  aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the focal point of the display. In some embodiments, in addition to generating tactile output sequence  610 , electronic device  600  also generates (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators that generate tactile output sequence  610 ) the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
       FIGS. 10F-10K  illustrate user interface  1002  of the workout application being scrolled on display  602  by a touch scrolling gesture (e.g., detected via a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ). 
     In  FIG. 10F , platter  1004  is currently aligned to (e.g., “snapped” to) the focal point (e.g., a center point, a focal region, a center region) of display  602 , as indicated by the No N-number. While platter  1004  is aligned to the focal point of the display, electronic device  600  detects (e.g., via a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ) a touch scrolling gesture  1005  (e.g., in an upwards direction). 
     In  FIG. 10G , in response to detecting touch scrolling gesture  1005 , and while the touch gesture  1005  is maintained on display  602  (e.g., but is not being further moved), electronic device  600  moves platter  1004  upwards by the second linear distance over the focal point of the display, as indicated by the N 2  N-number in  FIG. 10G , and the same linear distance that platter  1004  was moved in  FIG. 10D . Further, platter  1006  is also moved upwards by the second linear distance on the display. 
     In  FIG. 10H , touch scrolling gesture  1005  is no longer maintained on display  602 . Upon detecting that touch scrolling gesture  1005  is no longer maintained, platter  1004  moves back (e.g., “snaps” back) to again align to the focal point of the display. 
     In  FIG. 10I , after moving back (e.g., “snapping” back) to the focal point of the display, electronic device  600  detects (e.g., via a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ) a touch scrolling gesture  1007  (e.g., in an upwards direction). 
     In  FIG. 10J , in response to detecting touch scrolling gesture  1007  on display  602 , and while touch scrolling gesture  1007  is maintained on display  602  (e.g., the touch scrolling gesture is not being further moved but is still detected on the display), electronic device  600  moves platter  1004  upwards by a third linear distance, greater than the second linear distance, over the focal point of the display, as indicated by the N 3  N-number in  FIG. 10J . Further, platter  1006  is also moved upwards by the third linear distance on the display. 
     In  FIG. 10K , touch scrolling gesture  1007  is no longer maintained on display  602 . Upon detecting that touch scrolling gesture  1007  is no longer maintained, platter  1004  (e.g., partially) slides off of the top-edge of the display and platter  1006  now aligns to (e.g., “snaps” to) the focal point of the display, as indicated by the No N-number. Further, electronic device generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  upon platter  1006  aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the focal point of the display. In some embodiments, in addition to generating tactile output sequence  610 , electronic device  600  also generates (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators that generate tactile output sequence  610 ) the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . 
     Thus, as shown by  FIGS. 10A-10E , a first type of user interface item/element (e.g., a discrete user interface item/element, such as a platter) moved by the second linear distance via a rotational input on input element  604  causes the next user interface item/element to align to (e.g., “snap” to) the focal point of the display, whereas, as shown by  FIGS. 10F-10K , the first type of user interface item/element moved by the second linear distance via a touch input on display  602  does not cause the next user interface item/element to align to the focal point of the display-instead, if a touch input on display  602  (e.g., as opposed to a rotational input on input element  604 ) is detected, the user interface item/element needs to be moved by at least the third linear distance, greater than the second linear distance, to cause the next user interface item/element to align to (e.g., “snap” to) the focal region of the display. 
       FIGS. 11A-11C  are a flow diagram illustrating a method for moving a user interface in response to different types of input, in accordance with some embodiments. Method  1100  is performed at a device (e.g.,  100 ,  300 ,  500 ,  600 ) with a touch-sensitive display and a rotatable input element (e.g., a rotatable input device that is rotatable relative to a housing of the device; a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a fixed socket and a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) attached to or affixed to a shaft, where the rotatable component and shaft rotate together in the fixed socket; a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) that rotates relative to a fixed component (e.g., a fixed shaft); a rotatable input device/mechanism that rotates, in response to a rotational input, on an axis such that the direction of the rotation is parallel to the display of the electronic device; a rotatable input device/mechanism that can detect rotational input (e.g., via a touch-detection mechanism) without the device itself being physically rotated; a rotatable and press-able input device; a rotatable crown). Some operations in method  1100  are, optionally, combined, the orders of some operations are, optionally, changed, and some operations are, optionally, omitted. 
     As described below, method  1100  provides an intuitive way for managing user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user for managing and navigating user interfaces, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, enabling a user to navigate user interfaces faster and more efficiently by providing content-based tactile outputs conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) displays ( 1102 ), on the display (e.g.,  602 ), a user interface (e.g.,  1002 , a user interface that includes continuous content, such as continuous text of a messaging application, and/or discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs). 
     While displaying the user interface (e.g.,  1002 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 1104 ) a first portion of an input (e.g.,  1001 ,  1005 , a rotational input on the rotatable input element or a touch gesture on the touch-sensitive display) at the device. Detecting a rotational input via an input element (e.g., a rotatable input element) enhances usability and user efficiency of the device by enabling a user to quickly, easily, and intuitively navigate/scroll through displayed content. This is in turn enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In response to detecting a first portion of the input (e.g.,  1001 ,  1005 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) moves ( 1106 ) a user interface object (e.g.,  1004 , a unit of content of the user interface) across the display of the device in accordance with the movement of the input. Moving the user interface object across the display in accordance with the movement of the input provides visual feedback that the rotational input is controlling the movement of the user interface object. Providing improved visual feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     After detecting the first portion of the input, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 1108 ) a second portion of the input (e.g.,  1003 ,  1007 ) at the device (e.g., an end of the input or movement of the user interface object beyond (e.g.,  1004 ) a threshold amount, where the second portion of the input is a continuation of the first portion of the same input). 
     In response to detecting ( 1110 ) the second portion of the input (e.g.,  1003 ,  1007 , an end of the input or movement of the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ) beyond a threshold amount), in accordance with a determination that the input (e.g.,  1007 ) includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display (e.g.,  602 ) and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by more than a first threshold amount (e.g., before an end of the input is detected), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) moves ( 1112 ) (e.g., by snapping) the user interface object to a respective (e.g., predefined) position on the display. In some embodiments, the movement of the user interface object to the respective position on the display occurs upon detecting an end of the input (e.g., liftoff of the contact). In some embodiments, the movement of the user interface object to the respective position on the display occurs upon detecting movement of the user interface object by more than the first threshold amount without regard to whether or not the input has ended. In some embodiments, moving the user interface object to the respective (e.g., predefined) position on the display comprises “snapping” the user interface object to the respective position on the display, where “snapping” the user interface object comprises moving and aligning the object to the next alignment point (e.g., the respective position) on the display. 
     In response to detecting ( 1110 ) the second portion of the input (e.g.,  1003 ,  1007 , an end of the input or movement of the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ) beyond a threshold amount), in accordance with a determination that the input (e.g.,  1007 ) includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display (e.g.,  602 ) and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by less than the first threshold amount (e.g., before an end of the input is detected), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) forgoes moving ( 1114 ) the user interface object to the respective (e.g., predefined) position on the display. Forgoing moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display in response to an input provides visual feedback that the input is insufficient to move the user interface object to the respective position. Further, it helps to prevent a user from accidently moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display against the user&#39;s intention. Providing improved visual feedback and additional control options and reducing the number of inputs needed to perform an operation enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In response to detecting ( 1110 ) the second portion of the input (e.g.,  1003 ,  1007 , an end of the input or movement of the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ) beyond a threshold amount), in accordance with a determination that the input (e.g.,  1003 ) includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ) and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by more than a second threshold amount that is less than the first threshold amount (e.g., before an end of the input is detected), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) moves ( 1116 ) (e.g., by snapping) the user interface object to the respective (e.g., predefined) position on the display (e.g., the object snaps into the respective position on the display even if it moves by less than the first threshold amount so long as it moves by more than the second threshold amount). In some embodiments, the movement of the user interface object to the respective position on the display occurs upon detecting an end of the input (e.g., an end of a touch on the rotatable input element or ceasing to detect rotation of the rotatable input element for at least a threshold amount of time). In some embodiments, the movement of the user interface object to the respective position on the display occurs upon detecting movement of the user interface object by more than the first threshold amount without regard to whether or not the input has ended. 
     In response to detecting ( 1110 ) the second portion of the input (e.g.,  1003 ,  1007 , an end of the input or movement of the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ) beyond a threshold amount), in accordance with a determination that the input (e.g.,  1003 ) includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ) and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by less than the second threshold amount (e.g., before an end of the input is detected), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) forgoes moving ( 1118 ) the user interface object to the respective (e.g., predefined) position on the display. In some embodiments, the second portion of the input includes one or more of: liftoff of the contact from the touch-sensitive display or ceasing to detect a touch on the rotatable input element or ceasing to detect rotation of the rotatable input element for more than a threshold amount of time, or detecting rotation of the rotatable input element that moves the user interface object across the display by more than the second threshold amount. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 1110 ) the second portion of the input (e.g.,  1003 ,  1007 , an end of the input or movement of the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ) beyond a threshold amount), in accordance with a determination that the input (e.g.,  1007 ) includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display (e.g.,  602 ) and that the movement moves the user interface object across the display by less than the first threshold amount, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) moves ( 1132 ) (e.g., by snapping) the user interface object back in the opposite direction (e.g., snapping the user interface object back to the previous location of the user interface object before the input started). 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 1110 ) the second portion of the input (e.g.,  1003 ,  1007 , an end of the input or movement of the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ) beyond a threshold amount), in accordance with a determination that the input (e.g.,  1003 ) includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ) and that the rotational input moves the user interface object across the display by less than the second threshold amount, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) moves ( 1134 ) (e.g., by snapping) the user interface object back in the opposite direction (e.g., snapping the user interface object back to the previous location of the user interface object before the input started). Setting a higher threshold for moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display for one type of input (e.g., a touch input) over a different type of input (e.g., a rotational input on the input element) helps to prevent a user from accidently moving the user interface object to the respective position on the display against the user&#39;s intention when one type of input (e.g., a touch input) is more prone to accidental inputs than the different type of input (e.g., the rotational input). Providing additional control options and reducing the number of inputs needed to perform an operation enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) includes a (e.g., single) tactile output generator (e.g., wherein the tactile output generator is located in and is connected to (e.g., and configured to generate tactile outputs to) the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ) and a housing of the electronic device). 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) includes one or more tactile output generators that generate localized tactile outputs directed to the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ) and one or more separate tactile output generators that generate tactile outputs for the electronic device that are not specifically directed to the rotatable input element (e.g., and instead is located in and is connected to (e.g., and configured to generate tactile outputs to) a main housing of the electronic device or generate tactile outputs that are localized to a different component of the electronic device). In some embodiments, the tactile output generator located in or near the rotatable input element, and is configured to generate tactile outputs that move the rotatable input element relative to the housing (e.g., by moving the shaft of the rotatable input element). 
     In some embodiments, the one or more tactile output generators are configured to (e.g., in addition to generating tactile outputs) generate audio outputs (e.g., wherein the audio outputs correspond to and/or are associated with tactile outputs generated by the one or more tactile output generators and are generated in a coordinated manner with the tactile outputs to generate combined audio/tactile outputs). 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 1110 ) the second portion of the input (e.g., an end of the input or movement of the user interface object beyond a threshold amount), in accordance with the determination that the input (e.g.,  1003 ) includes rotational input directed to the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ) and that the rotational input meets criteria for moving (e.g., snapping) the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ) to the respective (e.g., predefined) position on the display, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) moves ( 1136 ) the user interface object to the respective position on the display in conjunction with generating (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators) a tactile output (e.g., a sequence of tactile outputs) corresponding to the movement of the user interface object. In some embodiments, if the displayed content is a first type of content (e.g., continuous content, such as continuous text), the tactile output includes a first type of tactile output sequence (e.g., a textural tactile output sequence) that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on an input metric (e.g., a speed and/or magnitude) of the input. In some embodiments, if the displayed content is a second type of content (e.g., discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, rows, platters, paragraphs), the tactile output includes a second type of tactile output sequence (e.g., a content-driven tactile output sequence) that includes one or more tactile outputs determined based on movement of predefined units of content in the user interface. In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 1110 ) the second portion of the input, in accordance with the determination that the input includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive display that meets criteria for moving (e.g., snapping) the user interface object to the respective (e.g., predefined) position on the display, the electronic device moves ( 1138 ) the user interface object to the respective position on the display without generating (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators) the tactile output. Generating the tactile output for one type of input (e.g., a rotational input on the input element) but not for another type of input (e.g., a touch input) enables the device to conserve battery power and thus improve battery life by providing sensory feedback for (e.g., only for) types of input that will have a greater benefit to user experience and convenience if the sensory feedback were provided. 
     In some embodiments, an amplitude of the tactile output is based on (e.g., corresponds to) a size of the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ). In some embodiments, the amplitudes of the one or more tactile outputs are larger if the user interface object is a relatively larger object and are smaller if the user interface object is a relatively smaller object. 
     In some embodiments, the tactile output (e.g., a sequence of tactile outputs) corresponding to the movement (e.g., snapping) of the user interface object (e.g.,  1004 ) to the respective (e.g., predefined) position on the display (e.g.,  602 ) comprise a tactile output sequence having a first predetermined frequency range (e.g., 180-200 Hz) that is different from a second predetermined frequency range (e.g., around 100 Hz) corresponding to a tactile output sequence associated with displaying a notification (e.g., for an alert, for an incoming electronic communication) on the display. Thus, from the perspective of a user of the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ), the sensory sensation experienced from tactile output sequence having the first predetermined frequency (e.g., 180-200 Hz) and from the tactile output sequence having the second predetermined frequency (e.g., around 100 Hz) are distinguishable. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the user interface (e.g.,  1002 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 1120 ) a second input (e.g., a press input, a press-and-hold input, an input applied with a downward pressing force, a non-rotational input, a non-rotational touch input, a tap input) directed to the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the second input directed to the rotatable input element, the electronic device forgoes (e.g., suppresses) generating ( 1122 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output corresponding to rotation of the rotatable input element (e.g., even when the second input includes both a press of the rotatable input element and rotational input directed to the rotatable input element). Thus, in some embodiments, certain types of inputs on the rotatable input element (e.g., a rotatable input that causes a modification of the user interface) causes the electronic device to generate (e.g., via a tactile output generator) tactile outputs, whereas certain types of inputs on the rotatable input element (e.g., a press input, a press-and-hold input, or a touch input) does not cause the electronic device to generate (e.g., via a tactile output generator) tactile outputs. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the user interface (e.g.,  1002 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 1124 ) a third input directed to the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ). In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 1126 ) the third input directed to the rotatable input element, in accordance with a determination that the third input includes rotation of the rotatable input element without a press of the rotatable input element, the electronic device generates ( 1128 ), via the one or more input devices, tactile output corresponding to rotation of the rotatable input element. In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 1134 ) the third input directed to the rotatable input element, in accordance with a determination that the third input includes rotation of the rotatable input element and a press of the rotatable input element, the electronic device forgoes generating ( 1130 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, the tactile output corresponding to rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     Note that details of the processes described above with respect to method  1100  (e.g.,  FIG. 11A-11C ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to the methods described above and below. For example, method  700  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1100 . For example, a tactile output sequence, as described in method  700 , is generated when a user interface object aligns to a focal point. For another example, method  900  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1100 . For example, a rubberbanding effect, as described in method  900 , can be provided when reaching the end of a user interface via a rotational input on an input element. For another example, method  1300  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1100 . For example, the tactile output sequence generated upon an alignment, as described in method  1300 , can also be generated upon an alignment of a user interface object to a focal point. For another example, method  1500  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1100 . For example, dynamic tactile outputs, as described in method  1500 , can be provided when scrolling user interface objects via a rotational input on an input element. For brevity, these details are not repeated below. 
       FIGS. 12A-12L  illustrate exemplary user interfaces f associated with adjustable item-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 13A-13B . 
       FIG. 12A  illustrates electronic device  600  displaying, on display  602 , a time setting user interface  1202  (e.g., for setting the current time, for setting a timer, for setting an alarm). Time setting user interface  1202  includes an hour setting  1204  and a minute setting  1206 . Time setting interface  1202  also includes a current unit indicator  1208  indicating the currently-selected unit (e.g., hour or minute) to be adjusted. In  FIG. 12A , the currently-selected unit is hour, as indicated by indicator  1208  (e.g., by highlighting hour setting  1204 ). Time setting user interface  1202  also includes a plurality of selectable options  1210  used to select a new setting for the currently-selected unit (e.g., a new hour setting or a new minute setting). In  FIG. 12A , the currently-selected unit is hour, and thus selectable options  1210  show the selectable hour units (e.g., as tickmarks and/or as numerical values between 1 and 12), where each selectable unit corresponds to an alignment point. Time setting user interface  1202  also includes a current selection indicator  1212  (e.g., a circular object or a rectangular object) that moves along selectable options  1210  to indicate the currently-selected new unit value and, while moving along selectable options  1210 , aligns to (e.g., “snaps” to) each alignment point. In  FIG. 12A , current selection indicator  1212  is at a position on selectable options  1210  corresponding to the hour 2. 
     In  FIG. 12A , while displaying time setting user interface  1202  with hour as the currently-selected unit, electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1201  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). 
     In  FIG. 12B , in response to detecting rotational input  1201  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  moves/navigates current selection indicator  1212  from its previous alignment point (e.g., the 2 hour value) in selectable options  1210  in a clockwise direction towards a next alignment point in selectable options  1210  (e.g., the 3 hour value). In some embodiments, while current selection indicator  1212  is moving between alignment points in selectable options  1210 , electronic device  600  does not generate a tactile output (e.g., nor an audio output). 
     In  FIG. 12C , as electronic device  600  continues detecting rotational input  1201  on input element  604 , current selection indicator  1212  is moved and aligns to (e.g., “snaps” to) a next alignment point in selectable options  1210  (e.g., the 3 hour value). Upon aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the next alignment point, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . Electronic device  600  also updates hour setting  1204  to reflect the currently-selected hour value (e.g., 3). 
     In  FIG. 12D , in response to continuing to detect rotational input  1201  on input element  604 , current selection indicator  1212  is moved and aligns to (e.g., “snaps” to) a next alignment point in selectable options  1210  (e.g., the 4 hour value). Upon aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the next alignment point, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . Electronic device  600  also updates hour setting  1204  to reflect the currently-selected hour value (e.g., 4). 
     In  FIG. 12D , after hour setting  1204  is set to the new hour value (e.g., 4), electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1203  (e.g., in a counter-clockwise direction). 
     In  FIG. 12E , in response to detecting rotational input  1203  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  moves/navigates current selection indicator  1212  from its previous alignment point (e.g., the 4 hour value) in selectable options  1210  in a counter-clockwise direction towards a previous alignment point in selectable options  1210  (e.g., the 3 hour value). Upon aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the previous alignment point, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . Electronic device  600  also updates hour setting  1204  to reflect the currently-selected hour value (e.g., 3). 
     In  FIG. 12F , while displaying time user interface  1202  with hour set as the currently-selected unit, electronic device  600  detects (e.g., via a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ) an input  1205  (e.g., a tap gesture) on minute setting  1206 . 
     In  FIG. 12G , in response to detecting input  1205  on minute setting  1206 , electronic device  600  moves current unit indicator  1208  from hour setting  1204  to minute setting  1206 . Further, electronic device  600  updates selectable options  1210  to show the selectable minute units (e.g., as tickmarks and/or as numerical values that are between 0 and 59), where each selectable unit corresponds to an alignment point. Further, current selection indicator  1212  indicates the currently-set minute value (e.g., 15). 
     In  FIG. 12G , while displaying time user interface  1202  with minute set as the currently-selected unit, electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1207  (e.g., in a counter-clockwise direction). 
     In  FIG. 12H , in response to detecting rotational input  1207  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  moves/navigates current selection indicator  1212  from its previous alignment point (e.g., the 15 minute value) in selectable options  1210  in a counter-clockwise direction towards a previous alignment point in selectable options  1210  (e.g., the 14 minute value). In some embodiments, upon aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the previous alignment point, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, a tactile output sequence  1220  (e.g., a “majored-reduced” tactile output sequence, as described in Table 1/a modified version of tactile output sequence  610 ) and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  1220 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, electronic device  600  generates the first type of tactile output sequence and the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  610 . Electronic device  600  also updates minute setting  1206  to reflect the currently-selected minute value (e.g., 14). 
     In  FIG. 12I , as electronic device  600  continues detecting rotational input  1207  on input element  604 , current selection indicator  1212  is moved and aligns to (e.g., “snaps” to) a previous alignment point in selectable options  1210  (e.g., the 13 minute value). Upon aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the previous alignment point, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  1220  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  1220 . Electronic device  600  also updates minute setting  1206  to reflect the currently-selected hour value (e.g., 13). 
     In  FIG. 12J , in response to detecting rotational input  1207  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  moves and aligns (e.g., “snaps”) current selection indicator  1212  to a previous alignment point in selectable options  1210  (e.g., the 12 minute value). Upon aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the previous alignment point, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  1220  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  1220 . Electronic device  600  also updates minute setting  1206  to reflect the currently-selected hour value (e.g., 12). 
     Subsequently, electronic device  600  further detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1209  (e.g., in a clockwise direction). In  FIG. 12K , in response to detecting rotational input  1209  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  moves and aligns (e.g., “snaps”) current selection indicator  1212  to a next alignment point in selectable options  1210  (e.g., the 13 minute value). Upon aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) the previous alignment point, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  1220  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  1220 . Electronic device  600  also updates minute setting  1206  to reflect the currently-selected hour value (e.g., 13). 
     In  FIG. 12L , while displaying time user interface  1202  with a new hour setting (e.g.,  3 ) and a new minute setting (e.g.,  13 ), electronic device  600  detects (e.g., via a touch-sensitive surface of display  602 ), an input  1211  on a set affordance  1214  for confirming the new time setting. In response to detecting input  1211  on set affordance  1214 , electronic device  600  sets a time (e.g., the current time, a timer, an alarm) to the newly-selected time. 
       FIGS. 13A-13B  are a flow diagram illustrating a method for managing user interfaces associated with adjustable item-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. Method  1300  is performed at a device (e.g.,  100 ,  300 ,  500 ,  600 ) with a display, an input element (e.g., a rotatable input device that is rotatable relative to a housing of the device; a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a fixed socket and a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) attached to or affixed to a shaft, where the rotatable component and shaft rotate together in the fixed socket; a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) that rotates relative to a fixed component (e.g., a fixed shaft); a rotatable input device/mechanism that rotates, in response to a rotational input, on an axis such that the direction of the rotation is parallel to the display of the electronic device; a rotatable input device/mechanism that can detect rotational input (e.g., via a touch-detection mechanism) without the device itself being physically rotated; a rotatable and press-able input device; a rotatable crown), and one or more tactile output generators (e.g., located in the input element and/or located in the main housing of the electronic device). Some operations in method  1300  are, optionally, combined, the orders of some operations are, optionally, changed, and some operations are, optionally, omitted. 
     As described below, method  1300  provides an intuitive way for managing user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user for managing and navigating user interfaces, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, enabling a user to navigate user interfaces faster and more efficiently by providing content-based tactile outputs conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) displays ( 1302 ), on the display (e.g.,  602 ), a user interface (e.g.,  1202 , a time user interface correlated to changing a time setting of the device) that includes a first adjustable item (e.g.,  1204 , a first time item, such as hours) and a second adjustable item (e.g.,  1206 , a second time item, such as minutes). In some embodiments, the user interface is a time user interface, where the time user interface includes a display of the current time, and where the current hour is displayed in the first adjustable item and the current minute is displayed in the second adjustable item. In some embodiments, the time user interface includes a plurality of selectable setting options (e.g.,  1210 ) that are used to adjust the first adjustable time item or the second adjustable time item. In some embodiments, the plurality of selectable setting options surround (e.g., in a circular shape, such as a wheel) the current time setting that is displayed at the center of the time user interface. Displaying the first and second adjustable items together with the selectable settings options enables a user to quickly and easily view adjustments being made to an adjustable item while the adjustment is being made. Providing additional control options and reducing the number of inputs needed to perform an operation enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, the first adjustable item corresponds to a first portion (e.g., the hour of the time) of a user interface setting (e.g., time) and the second adjustable item corresponds to a second portion (e.g., the minute of the time) of the user interface setting. 
     In some embodiments, the user interface corresponds to a time-setting user interface (e.g., a “wheel of time” user interface), the first adjustable item corresponds to an hour setting of the electronic device (e.g., for an alarm of the electronic device), and the second adjustable item corresponds to a minute setting of the electronic device (e.g., for an alarm of the electronic device). 
     While displaying the user interface (e.g.,  1202 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 1304 ), via the input element (e.g.,  604 ), a rotational input (e.g.,  1201 ,  1203 ,  1205 ,  1207 ,  1209 , in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction). 
     In response to detecting ( 1306 ) the rotational input (e.g.  1201 ,  1203 ,  1205 ,  1207 ,  1209 ), in accordance with a determination ( 1308 ) that the first adjustable item (e.g.,  1204 ) is currently-selected, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) adjusts ( 1310 ), based on the rotational input, the first adjustable item (e.g., changing the current hour setting). While adjusting the first adjustable item, the electronic device generates ( 1312 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, a first sequence of tactile outputs (e.g.,  610 ) including one or more tactile outputs having a first amplitude (e.g., without generating tactile outputs having a second amplitude that is different from the first amplitude). Generating the first sequence of tactile outputs in response to detecting the rotational input improves sensory feedback and enhances user experience by enabling the user to perceive of adjustments being made to an adjustable item while the adjustments are being made. Providing additional control options and reducing the number of inputs needed to perform an operation enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In response to detecting ( 1306 ) the rotational input, in accordance with a determination ( 1318 ) that the second adjustable item (e.g.,  1206 ) is currently-selected, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) adjusts ( 1320 ) (e.g., without adjusting the first adjustable item), based on the rotational input (e.g.,  1201 ,  1203 ,  1205 ,  1207 ,  1209 ), the second adjustable item (e.g., changing the current minute setting). While adjusting the second adjustable item, the electronic device generates ( 1322 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, a second sequence of tactile outputs (e.g.,  1220 ) including one or more tactile outputs having a second amplitude that is different from the first amplitude (e.g., without generating tactile outputs having the first amplitude). In some embodiments, the second amplitude is smaller than the first amplitude, and thus the second type of tactile output is a smaller-amplitude tactile output than the first type of tactile output. Generating the second sequence of tactile outputs while adjusting the second adjustable item and generating the first sequence of tactile outputs while adjusting the first adjustable item improves feedback by enabling a user to quickly and easily recognize, without looking closely into the display, whether the user is adjusting the first or second adjustable item. Providing improved visual feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, adjusting, based on the rotational input (e.g.,  1201 ,  1203 ,  1205 ,  1207 ,  1209 , an input having an input magnitude (e.g., an amount of rotation of the rotational input)), the first adjustable item (e.g.,  1204 ) comprises adjusting the first adjustable item by a first number of values (e.g., values between 1 through 12 for hours). In some embodiments, adjusting, based on the rotational input, the second adjustable item (e.g.,  1206 ) comprises adjusting the second adjustable items by a second number of values, the second number of values (e.g., values between 1 through 60 for minutes) different from the first number of values. In some embodiments, the same magnitude of input (e.g., an amount of rotation) adjusts the values of the first adjustable item by a greater amount than that same magnitude of input adjusts the second adjustable item. 
     In some embodiments, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the first sequence of tactile outputs (e.g.,  610 ) including one or more tactile outputs having the first amplitude comprises generating the first sequence of tactile outputs irrespective of the direction (e.g., clockwise direction, counter-clockwise direction) of the rotational input (e.g.,  1201 ,  1203 ,  1205 ,  1207 ,  1209 ). In some embodiments, generating, via the one or more tactile output generators, the second sequence of tactile outputs (e.g.,  1220 ) including one or more tactile outputs having the second amplitude comprises generating the second sequence of tactile outputs irrespective of the direction (e.g., clockwise direction, counter-clockwise direction) of the rotational input. 
     In some embodiments, while adjusting the first adjustable item (e.g.,  1204 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) moves ( 1314 ), on the user interface (e.g.,  1202 ), an indicator (e.g.,  1212 ) through a plurality of predetermined alignment points (e.g.,  1210 ), where the indicator snaps to (e.g., aligns to, fits to, stops at) the alignment points of the plurality of alignment point of the predetermined alignment points, and the one or more tactile outputs of the first sequence of tactile outputs are coordinated with the snapping of the indicator to the alignment points of the plurality of alignment points. In some embodiments, the indicator snapping to an alignment point comprises using a particular threshold to determine the amount of rotation of the rotatable input element is required to reach the alignment point, and if the threshold is not reached, then snapping to a prior alignment point, and if the threshold is reached, then snapping to the next alignment point. Moving the indicator through the plurality of predetermined alignment points improves visual feedback by enabling the user to quickly and easily view adjustments being made to the first or second adjustable items in an intuitive manner. Providing improved visual feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, while adjusting the first adjustable item (e.g.,  1204 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) displays ( 1316 ), on the display (e.g.,  602 ), the plurality of predetermined alignment points (e.g.,  1210 ), where the plurality of predetermined alignment points includes a first number of alignment points. In some embodiments, while adjusting the second adjustable item (e.g.,  1206 ), the electronic device displays ( 1324 ), on the display, a second plurality of predetermined alignment points (e.g.,  1210 ), where the second plurality of predetermined alignment points includes a second number of alignment points different from the first number. In some embodiments, the first adjustable item corresponds to the hour setting of a time, and each of the plurality of predetermined alignment points corresponds to a particular hour setting. Thus, in some embodiment, the first number is twelve, with each alignment point corresponding to a particular hour setting. In some embodiments, the second adjustable item corresponds to the minute setting of a time, and each of the plurality of predetermined alignment points corresponds to a particular minute setting. Thus, in some embodiments, the second number is sixty, with each alignment point corresponding to a particular minute setting. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 1326 ) the rotational input (e.g.,  1201 ,  1203 ,  1205 ,  1207 ,  1209 ), in accordance with a determination that the rotational input is of a first rotational speed, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) moves ( 1328 ) the indicator (e.g.,  1212 ) through the plurality of displayed values (e.g.,  1210 ) at a first speed associated with the first rotational speed. In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 1326 ) the rotational input, in accordance with a determination that the rotational input is of a second rotation speed different from the first rotational speed, the electronic device moves ( 1330 ) the indicator through the plurality of displayed values at a second speed associated with the second rotational speed, the second speed different from the first speed. In some embodiments, if the second rotational speed of the rotational input is greater than the first rotational speed, the second speed of the indicator moving through the plurality of displayed values is greater than the first speed of the indicator, and if the second rotational speed of the rotational input is slower than the second rotational speed, then the second speed of the indicator moving through the plurality of displayed values is slower than the first speed of the indicator. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the user interface (e.g.,  1202 ) and while the first adjustable item (e.g.,  1204 ) is a currently-selected adjustable item, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 1332 ) (e.g., via one or more input devices of the electronic device, such as a touch-sensitive surface of the display) a first input (e.g.,  1205 , a tap gesture on the display). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the first input, the electronic device sets ( 1334 ) the second adjustable item (e.g.,  1206 ) (e.g., instead of the first adjustable item) as the currently-selected adjustable item. 
     Note that details of the processes described above with respect to method  1300  (e.g.,  FIGS. 13A-13B ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to the methods described above and below. For example, method  700  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1300 . For example, one or more of the different types of tactile output sequences described in method  700  can be provided while navigating the time setting user interface. For another example, method  900  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1300 . For example, in method  900 , different types of tactile output sequences can be generated while scrolling content and when reaching an end of content, while in method  1300 , different types of tactile output sequences can be generated when adjusting a first adjustable item and a second adjustable item. For another example, method  1100  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1300 . For example, as in method  1100 , tactile outputs are generated upon a user interface object, item, or element aligning to (e.g., “snapping” to) an alignment if the user interface is navigated via a rotational input on an input element. For another example, method  1500  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1300 . For example, as described in method  1500 , the magnitude/amplitude and/or rate of occurrence of the tactile outputs can be dynamic in response to changes in speed of a rotational input while adjusting a time. For brevity, these details are not repeated below. 
       FIGS. 14A-14H  illustrate exemplary user interfaces associated with input velocity-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 15A-15C . 
       FIG. 14A  illustrates electronic device  600  displaying, on display  602 , a user interface  1402  of a messaging application (e.g., the email application first described above with reference to  FIGS. 6H-6S ). In  FIG. 14A , electronic device  600  displays, in user interface  1402 , text  1404  (e.g., comprising continuous text) corresponding to a continuous type of user interface item/element. 
     In  FIG. 14A , while displaying user interface  1402  with text  1404 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1401  (e.g., in a clockwise direction) comprising a respective amount of rotation of input element  604 , where rotational input  1401  has a first rotational speed. In response to detecting rotational input  1401  on input element  604  with the first rotational speed, electronic device  600  begins scrolling text  1404 . Further, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  620 , where tactile output sequence  620  has a first magnitude (e.g., an amplitude) and/or a first number of tactile outputs (e.g., discrete, individual tactile outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1401 . As described in greater detail above with reference to  FIGS. 5C-5H , in some embodiments, a discrete, individual tactile output is one tactile output signal (e.g., 0.5, 1, or 2 cycle(s) of a tactile output waveform), and a tactile output sequence is a plurality of (e.g., the same) discrete, individual tactile outputs that are generated in sequence (e.g., for a predetermined amount of time). 
     In some embodiments, in addition to generating tactile output sequence  620  in  FIG. 14A , electronic device  600  also generates (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators used to generate the tactile outputs) the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 , where the audio output sequence has a first magnitude (e.g., an amplitude) and/or a first number of audio outputs (e.g., discrete, individual audio outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1401 . In some embodiments, similar to a discrete, individual tactile output, a discrete, individual audio output is one audio output signal (e.g., 0.5, 1, or 2 cycle(s) of an audio output waveform), and an audio output sequence is a plurality of (e.g., the same) discrete, individual audio outputs that are generated in sequence (e.g., for a predetermined amount of time). 
     In  FIG. 14B , subsequent to detecting rotational input  1401 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1403  (e.g., in a clockwise direction) comprising the respective amount of rotation of input element  604 , where rotational input  1403  has a second rotational speed that is faster than the first rotational speed. In response to detecting rotational input  1403  on input element  604  with the second rotational speed, electronic device  600  scrolls text  1404  (e.g., at a faster speed than in  FIG. 14A ). Further, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  620 , where tactile output sequence  620  has the same first magnitude and/or the same first number of tactile outputs (e.g., discrete, individual tactile outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1403 . 
     In some embodiments, in addition to generating tactile output sequence  620  in  FIG. 14B , electronic device  600  also generates (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators used to generate the tactile outputs) the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 , where the audio output sequence has the same first magnitude and/or the same first number of audio outputs (e.g., discrete, individual audio outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1403 . 
     In  FIG. 14C , subsequent to detecting rotational input  1403 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1405  (e.g., in a clockwise direction) comprising the respective amount of rotation of input element  604 , where rotational input  1403  has a third rotational speed that is even faster than the second rotational speed. In response to detecting rotational input  1405  on input element  604  with the third rotational speed, electronic device  600  scrolls text  1404  (e.g., at a faster speed than in  FIG. 14B ). Further, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  620 , where tactile output sequence  620  has a second magnitude and/or a second number of tactile outputs (e.g., discrete, individual tactile outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1405 , where the second magnitude is smaller than the first magnitude and the second number of tactile outputs is smaller than the first number of tactile outputs. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to generating tactile output sequence  620  in  FIG. 14C , electronic device  600  also generates (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators used to generate the tactile outputs) the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 , where the audio output sequence has a second magnitude and/or a second number of audio outputs (e.g., discrete, individual audio outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1405 , where the second magnitude is smaller than the first magnitude and the second number of audio outputs is smaller than the first number of audio outputs. 
     In  FIG. 14D , subsequent to detecting rotational input  1405 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1407  (e.g., in a clockwise direction) comprising the respective amount of rotation of input element  604 , where rotational input  1407  has a fourth rotational speed that is even faster than the third rotational speed. In response to detecting rotational input  1407  on input element  604  with the fourth rotational speed, electronic device  600  scrolls text  1404  (e.g., at a faster speed than in  FIG. 14C ). Further, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  620 , where tactile output sequence  620  has a third magnitude and/or a third number of tactile outputs (e.g., discrete, individual tactile outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1407 , where the third magnitude is smaller than the second magnitude and the third number of tactile outputs is smaller than the second number of tactile outputs. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to generating tactile output sequence  620  in  FIG. 14D , electronic device  600  also generates (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators used to generate the tactile outputs) the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 , where the audio output sequence has a third magnitude and/or a third number of audio outputs (e.g., discrete, individual audio outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1407 , where the third magnitude is smaller than the second magnitude and the third number of audio outputs is smaller than the second number of audio outputs. 
     In  FIG. 14E , subsequent to detecting rotational input  1407 , electronic device  600  detects, via input element  604 , a rotational input  1409  (e.g., in a clockwise direction) comprising the respective amount of rotation of input element  604 , where rotational input  1409  has a fifth rotational speed that is even faster than the fourth rotational speed. In response to detecting rotational input  1409  on input element  604  with the fifth rotational speed, electronic device  600  scrolls text  1404  (e.g., at a faster speed than in  FIG. 14D ). Further, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  620 , where tactile output sequence  620  has the same third magnitude and/or the same third number of tactile outputs (e.g., discrete, individual tactile outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1409 . 
     In some embodiments, in addition to generating tactile output sequence  620  in  FIG. 14D , electronic device  600  also generates (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators used to generate the tactile outputs) the audio output sequence associated with tactile output sequence  620 , where the audio output sequence has the same third magnitude and/or the same third number of audio outputs (e.g., discrete, individual audio outputs) during the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  of rotational input  1409 . 
     In  FIG. 14F , while continuing to detect rotational input  1409  on input element  604 , electronic device  600  displays (e.g., adjacent to/below text  1404 ) an affordance  1406  (e.g., a reply button) corresponding to a discrete type of user interface item/element. Upon displaying (e.g., fully displaying) affordance  1406  or, alternatively, upon affordance  1406  aligning to a focal point or region of the display, such as a center point or center region of the display, electronic device  600  generates, via the one or more tactile output generators, tactile output sequence  610  and, in some embodiments, the audio output sequence corresponding to tactile output sequence  610 . 
       FIG. 14G  illustrates a graph  1410  on a x, y plane, where x-axis  1414  corresponds to the speed of rotation of input element  604  and y-axis  1412  corresponds to the magnitude (e.g., amplitude, strength) of a discrete tactile output within a tactile output sequence (e.g., tactile output sequence  610 , tactile output sequence  620 ). Graph  1410  includes a curve  1416  illustrating the relationship between the speed of rotation of input element  604  and the resulting magnitude of generated tactile outputs. 
     In some embodiments, as shown by graph  1410 , the magnitude (e.g., amplitude) of generated tactile outputs remains constant when the speed of rotation of a detected rotational input on input element  604  is less than a speed  1418 . The magnitude of generated tactile outputs decreases (e.g., linearly) when the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input on input element  604  is between speed  1418  and a speed  1420 . The magnitude of generated tactile outputs again remains constant when the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input on input element  604  is greater than speed  1420 . 
     In some embodiments, the number of discrete tactile outputs that are generated for a respective rotation of input element  604  from a detected rotational input shares a similar (e.g., but inverse) relationship with the speed of rotation of the rotational input. That is, the number of discrete tactile outputs for the respective rotation of input element  604  remains constant when the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input for the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  is less than a first speed (e.g., speed  1418 ). The number of generated tactile outputs becomes greater (e.g., linearly) as the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input for the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  increases between the first speed (e.g., speed  1418 ) and a second speed (e.g., speed  1420 ). The number of discrete tactile outputs of generated tactile outputs remains constant when the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input for the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  is greater than the second speed (e.g., speed  1418 ). 
       FIG. 14H  illustrates graph  1422  on a x, y plane, where x-axis  1426  corresponds to the speed of rotation of input element  604  and y-axis  1424  corresponds to the magnitude (e.g., amplitude, strength) of a discrete tactile output within a tactile output sequence (e.g., tactile output sequence  610 , tactile output sequence  620 ) or of a discrete audio output within an associated audio output sequence (e.g., the first audio output sequence associated with first tactile output sequence  610 , the second audio output sequence associated with the second tactile output sequence  620 ). 
     Graph  1422  includes a curve  1428  (e.g., similar to curve  1416 ) illustrating the relationship between the speed of rotation of input element  604  and the resulting magnitude of generated tactile outputs. Graph  1422  also includes a curve  1430  illustrating the relationship between the speed of rotation of input element  604  and the resulting magnitude of generated audio outputs. 
     In some embodiments, as shown by graph  1430 , the magnitude (e.g., amplitude) of generated audio outputs remains constant when the speed of rotation of a detected rotational input on input element  604  is less than a speed  1430 . The magnitude of generated audio outputs decreases (e.g., linearly) when the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input on input element  604  is between speed  1430  and a speed  1432 . The magnitude of generated audio outputs again remains constant when the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input on input element  604  is greater than speed  1432 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 14H , in some embodiments, the speeds that result in changes to the magnitude of audio outputs, as indicated by audio curve  1430  (e.g., speeds  1430  and  1432 ), is not the same as the speeds that result in changes to the magnitude of tactile outputs, as indicated by the tactile output curve  1428  (e.g., speeds  1418  and  1420 ). Speed  1430  can be less than, equal to, or greater than speed  1418  and, similarly, speed  1432  can be less than, equal to, or greater than speed  1420 . 
     In some embodiments, the number of discrete audio outputs that are generated for a respective rotation of input element  604  from a detected rotational input shares a similar (e.g., but inverse) relationship with the speed of rotation of the rotational input. That is, the number of discrete audio outputs for the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  remains constant when the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input for the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  is less than a first speed (e.g., speed  1430 ). The number of generated audio outputs becomes greater (e.g., linearly) as the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input for the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  increases between the first speed (e.g., speed  1430 ) and a second speed (e.g., speed  1432 ). The number of discrete audio outputs respective amount of rotation of input element  604  remains constant when the speed of rotation of the detected rotational input for the respective amount of rotation of input element  604  is greater than the second speed (e.g., speed  1432 ). 
     As with the magnitude of audio outputs, in some embodiments, the speeds that result in changes to the number of discrete audio outputs (e.g., speeds  1430  and  1432 ) respective amount of ration of rotational input  604  is not the same as the speeds that result in changes to the number of discrete tactile outputs for the respective amount of ration of rotational input  604  (e.g., speeds  1418  and  1420 ). Speed  1430  can be less than, equal to, or greater than speed  1418  and, similarly, speed  1432  can be less than, equal to, or greater than speed  1420 . 
       FIGS. 15A-15C  are a flow diagram illustrating a method for managing user interfaces associated with input velocity-based tactile outputs, in accordance with some embodiments. Method  1500  is performed at a device (e.g.,  100 ,  300 ,  500 ,  600 ) with a display, a rotatable input element (e.g., a rotatable input device that is rotatable relative to a housing of the device, a rotatable input device/mechanism that includes a rotatable component (e.g., a crown) that rotates relative to a fixed component (e.g., a fixed shaft), a rotatable input device/mechanism that rotates, in response to a rotational input, on an axis such that the direction of the rotation is parallel to the display of the electronic device, a rotatable input device/mechanism that can detect rotational input (e.g., via a touch-detection mechanism) without the device itself being physically rotated, a rotatable and press-able input device, a rotatable crown), and one or more tactile output generators (e.g., located in the input element and/or located in the main housing of the electronic device). Some operations in method  1500  are, optionally, combined, the orders of some operations are, optionally, changed, and some operations are, optionally, omitted. 
     As described below, method  1500  provides an intuitive way for managing user interfaces associated with content-based tactile outputs. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user for managing and navigating user interfaces, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated computing devices, enabling a user to navigate user interfaces faster and more efficiently by providing content-based tactile outputs conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     While displaying, on the display (e.g.,  602 ), a user interface (e.g.,  1402 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) detects ( 1502 ), via the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ), a rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 , a continuous rotational input on the rotatable input element that continues for a period of time, such as 1 second or 2 seconds). 
     While detecting the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 1506 ), via the one or more tactile output generators, a plurality of tactile outputs (e.g.,  620 , a sequence of tactile outputs (e.g., discrete, individual tactile outputs)), where a type (e.g., a major-type of tactile output, a minor-type of tactile output, a major-reduced-type tactile output) of the tactile outputs is associated with a modification of the user interface (e.g.,  1402 ), and where, in accordance with a determination ( 1508 ) that a speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ) is a first speed (e.g., a first rotational speed), the electronic device generates ( 1510 ) a first number of tactile outputs for a respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ), and in accordance with a determination ( 1514 ) that the speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input (e.g.,  1405 ) is a second speed (e.g., a second rotational speed) that is different from (e.g., faster than or slower than) the first speed, the electronic device generates ( 1516 ) a second number of tactile outputs (e.g., different from the first number of tactile outputs) for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. Generating a plurality of tactile outputs in response to the rotational input, where one or more characteristics (e.g., magnitude/amplitude, rate of occurrence) of the tactile outputs differ based on a rotation speed of the rotational input improves sensory feedback by enabling the user to quickly and easily perceive of the speed and which the user is navigating/scrolling the user interface, and to adjust accordingly. Providing improved feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, the second speed (e.g.,  1420 ) is greater than the first speed (e.g.,  1418 ) (e.g., the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ) is rotated at a faster speed/rate for the second speed than for the first speed), and the second number of tactile outputs is smaller than the first number of tactile outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. In some embodiments, if the second speed is slower than the first speed (e.g., the rotatable input element is rotated at a slower speed/rate for the second speed than for the first speed), the second number of tactile outputs is greater than the first number of tactile outputs for the same respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     In some embodiments, the second speed (e.g.,  1420 ) is greater than the first speed (e.g.,  1418 ) (e.g., the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ) is rotated at a faster speed/rate for the second speed than for the first speed), and amplitudes of the second number of tactile outputs is smaller than amplitudes of the first number of tactile outputs. In some embodiments, if the second speed is slower than the first speed (e.g., the rotatable input element is rotated at a slower speed/rate for the second speed than for the first speed), the amplitudes of the second number of tactile outputs is greater than amplitudes of the first number of tactile outputs. 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with the modification of the user interface (e.g.,  1402 ) being a first type of modification (e.g. navigating/scrolling continuous content, such as a notification or continuous text), the generated plurality of tactile outputs (e.g.,  620 ) are ( 1536 ) of a first type (e.g., plurality of tactile outputs having a first number of tactile outputs in the sequence and/or a first amplitude). In some embodiments, in accordance with the modification of the user interface being a second type of modification (e.g., navigating/scrolling discrete content, such as buttons, affordances, platters, paragraphs), the generated plurality of tactile outputs are ( 1538 ) of a second type different from the first type (e.g., plurality of tactile outputs having a second number of tactile outputs in the sequence and/or a second amplitude). Generating a particular type of tactile outputs for a particular type of modification of the user interface improves sensory feedback by enabling a user to quickly and easily recognize the type of modification that was made to the user interface, in particular if the modification was accidental and against the user&#39;s intent. Providing improved feedback to the user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. In some embodiments, the type of the tactile outputs that are generated is based (e.g., based at least in part) on content displayed in the user interface that is being modified while the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ) is detected, as described above with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6AF . In some embodiments, the type of the tactile outputs that are generated is based (e.g., based at least in part) on a direction (e.g., clockwise or counter-clockwise) of the rotational input. 
     In some embodiments, the number of tactile outputs of the plurality of tactile outputs (e.g.,  620 ) is at least in part based on a size characteristic (e.g., a size of the display of the device) of the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ). For example, the display (e.g.,  602 ) of the electronic device is of a first size, the number of tactile outputs included in the plurality of tactile outputs is smaller than if the display of the electronic device is of a second size, where the second size is larger than the first size. 
     In some embodiments, amplitudes of the plurality of tactile outputs (e.g.,  620 ) are at least in part based on a size characteristic (e.g., a size of the display of the device) of the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ). For example, if the display (e.g.,  602 ) of the electronic device is of a first size, the amplitudes are relatively smaller than if the display of the electronic device is of a second size, where the second size is larger than the first size. Basing (e.g., at least in part) the number of tactile outputs of the plurality of tactile outputs and/or the amplitudes of the tactile outputs based on the size of the device improves operability of the device by customizing the number of tactile outputs to be functionality appropriate with the size of the device, which in turn makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ), in accordance with a determination ( 1524 ) that a speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input is a third speed (e.g., a third rotational speed) that is faster than the first speed and slower than the second speed (e.g., the third speed corresponds to a rotational speed that is in between the rotational speed corresponding to the first speed and the rotational speed corresponding to the third speed), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 1526 ) the first number of tactile outputs (e.g.,  620 ) for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ). Thus, in some embodiments, the number of tactile outputs generated for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element at the first speed of the rotational input and at the third speed of the rotational input (e.g., where the third speed is faster than the first speed but slower than the second speed, and thus is a speed that is between the first and second speeds) is the same, but the number of tactile outputs generated for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element at the second speed is different from the number of tactile outputs generated at the first and third speeds. 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input, in accordance with the determination ( 1508 ) that the speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ) is the first speed (e.g., a first rotational speed), the plurality of tactile outputs has ( 1512 ) a first amplitude. In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input, in accordance with a determination ( 1524 ) that a speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input is a third speed (e.g., a third rotational speed) that is faster than the first speed and slower than the second speed (e.g., the third speed corresponds to a rotational speed that is in between the rotational speed corresponding to the first speed and the rotational speed corresponding to the third speed), the plurality of tactile outputs have ( 1528 ) the first amplitude. Thus, in some embodiments, the plurality of tactile outputs (e.g.,  620 ) have the same amplitude while the rotational input is detected at the first speed and at the third speed, even though the third speed is greater than the first speed. In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination ( 1514 ) that the speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input is the second speed (e.g., a second rotational speed) that is different from (e.g., faster than or slower than) the first speed and from the third speed, the plurality of tactile outputs have ( 1518 ) a second amplitude different from (e.g., greater than, smaller than) the first amplitude. In some embodiments, the second speed is a threshold speed of the rotational input at which the rotational input causes the amplitudes of the plurality of tactile outputs to change (e.g., become bigger or smaller). 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input, in accordance with the determination ( 1514 ) that the speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ) is the second speed (e.g., a first rotational speed), a number of the tactile outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element is ( 1520 ) a third number, where the third number corresponds to a minimum number (e.g., the smallest number of tactile outputs generated by the electronic device). In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination ( 1530 ) that a speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input is a fourth speed (e.g., a fourth rotational speed) that is faster than the second speed (e.g., the fourth speed corresponds to a rotational speed that is greater than the rotational speed corresponding to the second speed), the number of tactile outputs corresponds to ( 1532 ) the third number. Thus, in some embodiments, the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) does not generate a smaller number of tactile outputs than the third number (e.g., a minimum number) of tactile outputs even if the speed of the rotation input further changes (e.g., becomes even faster). 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ), in accordance with the determination ( 1514 ) that the speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input is the second speed (e.g., a first rotational speed), the plurality of tactile outputs have ( 1522 ) a third amplitude, where the third amplitude corresponds to a minimum amplitude (e.g., the smallest greater-than-zero tactile output amplitude generated by the one or more tactile output generators of the electronic device). In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination ( 1530 ) that a speed (e.g., rotational speed) of the rotational input is a fourth speed (e.g., a fourth rotational speed) that is faster than the second speed (e.g., the fourth speed corresponds to a rotational speed that is greater than the rotational speed corresponding to the second speed), the plurality of tactile outputs have ( 1534 ) the third amplitude. Thus, in some embodiments, the plurality of tactile outputs have the same amplitude while the rotational input is detected at the second speed and at the fourth speed, even though the fourth speed is greater than the second speed. 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ), in accordance with a determination that the second speed corresponds to a maximum threshold speed (e.g., a maximum threshold rotational speed), the second number of tactile outputs corresponds to ( 1526 ) a maximum number of tactile outputs that can be generated for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. Thus, in some embodiments, even if the second speed goes over the maximum threshold speed, the second number of tactile outputs no longer increases (e.g., but rather stays constant at the maximum number of tactile outputs (e.g., at space of 15 ms between tactile outputs). 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 1540 ) (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators and/or via one or more other output devices of the electronic device, such as one or more internal speakers and/or one or more external speakers (e.g., headphones, earphones) connected to the electronic device) a plurality of audio outputs associated with the plurality of tactile outputs. In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination that the speed of the rotational input is the first speed, the electronic device generates ( 1544 ) a first number of audio outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination that the speed of the rotation input is the second speed, the electronic device generates ( 1550 ) a second number of audio outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. Generating associated audio outputs in addition to the tactile outputs provides another feedback method, thus enhancing the operability of the device by enhancing the versatility of the device. 
     In some embodiments, the audio outputs are generated via the one or more tactile output generators (e.g., integrated into the rotatable input element and/or a housing of the electronic device). 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 1540 ) (e.g., via the one or more tactile output generators and/or via one or more other output devices of the electronic device, such as one or more internal speakers and/or one or more external speakers (e.g., headphones, earphones) connected to the electronic device) a plurality of audio outputs associated with the plurality of tactile outputs. In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination ( 1542 ) that the speed of the rotational input is the first speed, the electronic device generates ( 1546 ) the audio outputs at a first magnitude (e.g., a first volume) for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination ( 1548 ) that the speed of the rotation input is the second speed, the electronic device generates ( 1552 ) the audio outputs at a second magnitude (e.g., a second volume) different from the first magnitude (e.g., greater/louder than the first magnitude or smaller/quieter than the first magnitude) for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     In some embodiments, the second speed (e.g.,  1420 ) is greater than the first speed (e.g.,  1418 ) (e.g., the rotatable input element is rotated at a faster speed/rate for the second speed than for the first speed), and the second number of audio outputs is smaller than the first number of audio outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. In some embodiments, if the second speed is slower than the first speed (e.g., the rotatable input element is rotated at a slower speed/rate for the second speed than for the first speed), the second number of audio outputs is greater than the first number of audio outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     In some embodiments, the difference in the number of outputs between the second number of audio outputs and the first number of audio outputs is different from the difference in the number of outputs between the second number of tactile outputs and the first number of tactile outputs. Thus, in some embodiments, when the speed of rotation of the rotatable input element changes (e.g., becomes faster or becomes slower), the change in the number of audio outputs generated by the electronic device for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element changes at a different rate than the change in the number of tactile outputs generated by the electronic device for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ), in accordance with a determination ( 1554 ) that the speed of the rotational input is of an initial speed (e.g., the initial speed of the rotational input the moment/right after the rotational input is detected), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 1556 ) an initial number of tactile outputs and an initial number of audio outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element (e.g.,  604 ). In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input, in accordance with a determination ( 1560 ) that the speed of the rotational input is of a threshold speed (e.g., the speed of the rotational input that first triggers a change in the number of tactile outputs that are generated), the electronic device generates ( 1562 ) a threshold number of tactile outputs and the initial number of audio outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element, the threshold number of tactile outputs different from (e.g., greater than) the initial number of tactile outputs. In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination ( 1560 ) that the speed of the rotational input is of the threshold speed, the electronic device generates the initial number of tactile outputs and a threshold number of audio outputs for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element, the threshold number of audio outputs different from (e.g., greater than) the initial number of audio outputs. In some embodiments, the tactile outputs and the audio outputs are generated by the same tactile output generators of the one or more tactile output generators. 
     In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input (e.g.,  1401 ,  1403 ,  1405 ,  1407 ,  1409 ), in accordance with a determination ( 1554 ) that the speed of the rotational input is of an initial speed (e.g., the initial speed of the rotational input the moment/right after the rotational input is detected), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 1558 ) the plurality of tactile outputs having an initial amplitude and the plurality of audio outputs having an initial magnitude (e.g., an initial volume) for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element. In some embodiments, while detecting ( 1504 ) the rotational input, in accordance with a determination ( 1560 ) that the speed of the rotational input is of a threshold speed (e.g., the speed of the rotational input that first triggers a change in the number of tactile outputs that are generated), the electronic device (e.g.,  600 ) generates ( 1564 ) the plurality of tactile outputs having a threshold amplitude and the plurality of audio outputs having the initial magnitude (e.g., the initial volume) for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element, the threshold amplitude different from (e.g., greater than) the initial amplitude. In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the speed of the rotational input is of the threshold speed, the electronic device generates the plurality of tactile outputs having the initial amplitude and the plurality of audio outputs having a threshold magnitude for the respective amount of rotation of the rotatable input element, the threshold magnitude different from (e.g., greater than) the initial magnitude. In some embodiments, the tactile outputs and the audio outputs are generated by the same tactile output generators of the one or more tactile output generators. 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with the modification of the user interface (e.g.,  1402 ) corresponding to a navigation of the user interface in a first direction (e.g., an upwards scrolling direction, a forwards navigation direction), the generated plurality of tactile outputs (e.g.,  620 ) and the generated plurality of audio outputs are of a first type (e.g., plurality of tactile outputs having a first number of tactile outputs in the sequence and/or a first amplitude, plurality of audio outputs having a first number of audio outputs in the sequence and/or a first magnitude). In some embodiments, in accordance with the modification of the user interface corresponding to a navigation of the user interface in a second direction (e.g., a downwards scrolling direction, a backwards navigation direction), the generated plurality of tactile outputs and the generated plurality of audio outputs are of a second type different from the first type (e.g., plurality of tactile outputs having a second number of tactile outputs in the sequence and/or a second amplitude, plurality of audio outputs having a second number of audio outputs in the sequence and/or a second magnitude). 
     In some embodiments, a particular type of tactile output corresponds to a particular tactile output pattern. For example, as described in greater detail above with reference to  FIGS. 5C-5H  and in Table 1, a tactile output pattern specifies characteristics of a tactile output, such as the amplitude of the tactile output, the shape of a movement waveform of the tactile output, the frequency of the tactile output, and/or the duration of the tactile output. When tactile outputs with different tactile output patterns are generated by a device (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators that move a moveable mass to generate tactile outputs), the tactile outputs may invoke different haptic sensations in a user holding or touching the device. While the sensation of the user is based on the user&#39;s perception of the tactile output, most users will be able to identify changes in waveform, frequency, and amplitude of tactile outputs generated by the device. 
     Similarly, in some embodiments, a particular type of audio output corresponds to a particular type of audio output pattern. For example, an audio output pattern specifies characteristics of an audio output, such as the magnitude/amplitude/volume of the audio output, the shape of a sound waveform of the audio output, the frequency of the audio output, and/or the duration of the audio output. When audio outputs with different audio output patterns are generated by a device (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators that move a moveable mass to generate audio outputs, via one or more speakers), the audio outputs may invoke different audio-related sensations in a user holding or touching the device or proximate to the device. 
     Note that details of the processes described above with respect to method  1500  (e.g.,  FIGS. 15A-15C ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to the methods described above. For example, method  700  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1500 . For example, the different types of tactile and audio output sequences described in method  700  can be adjusted dynamically as described in method  1500 . For another example, method  900  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1500 . For example, the tactile and audio output sequence generated during scrolling of content described in method  900  can be adjusted dynamically as described in method  1500 . For another example, method  1100  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1500 . For example, the tactile and audio output sequences generated while scrolling through user interface objects, items, or elements that align to a focal point on the display as the objects, items, or elements are being scrolled can be adjusted dynamically as described in method  1500 . For another example, method  1300  optionally includes one or more of the characteristics of the various methods described above with reference to method  1500 . For example, the tactile outputs generated while adjusting a time setting, as described in method  1300 , can be adjusted dynamically as described in method  1500 . For brevity, these details are not repeated below. 
     The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the techniques and their practical applications. Others skilled in the art are thereby enabled to best utilize the techniques and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. 
     Although the disclosure and examples have been fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of the disclosure and examples as defined by the claims. 
     As described above, one aspect of the present technology is the gathering and use of data available from various sources to improve sensor feedback to users, and thus enhance user experience, convenience, and efficiency, as a user navigates through content of a user interface displayed on an electronic device. The present disclosure contemplates that in some instances, this gathered data may include personal information data that uniquely identifies or can be used to contact or locate a specific person. Such personal information data can include demographic data, location-based data, telephone numbers, email addresses, twitter IDs, home addresses, data or records relating to a user&#39;s health or level of fitness (e.g., vital signs measurements, medication information, exercise information), date of birth, or any other identifying or personal information. 
     The present disclosure recognizes that the use of such personal information data, in the present technology, can be used to the benefit of users. Further, other uses for personal information data that benefit the user are also contemplated by the present disclosure. 
     The present disclosure contemplates that the entities responsible for the collection, analysis, disclosure, transfer, storage, or other use of such personal information data will comply with well-established privacy policies and/or privacy practices. In particular, such entities should implement and consistently use privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining personal information data private and secure. Such policies should be easily accessible by users, and should be updated as the collection and/or use of data changes. Personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable uses of the entity and not shared or sold outside of those legitimate uses. Further, such collection/sharing should occur after receiving the informed consent of the users. Additionally, such entities should consider taking any needed steps for safeguarding and securing access to such personal information data and ensuring that others with access to the personal information data adhere to their privacy policies and procedures. Further, such entities can subject themselves to evaluation by third parties to certify their adherence to widely accepted privacy policies and practices. In addition, policies and practices should be adapted for the particular types of personal information data being collected and/or accessed and adapted to applicable laws and standards, including jurisdiction-specific considerations. For instance, in the US, collection of or access to certain health data may be governed by federal and/or state laws, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA); whereas health data in other countries may be subject to other regulations and policies and should be handled accordingly. Hence different privacy practices should be maintained for different personal data types in each country. 
     Despite the foregoing, the present disclosure also contemplates embodiments in which users selectively block the use of, or access to, personal information data. That is, the present disclosure contemplates that hardware and/or software elements can be provided to prevent or block access to such personal information data. In addition to providing “opt in” and “opt out” options, the present disclosure contemplates providing notifications relating to the access or use of personal information. For instance, a user may be notified upon downloading an app that their personal information data will be accessed and then reminded again just before personal information data is accessed by the app. 
     Moreover, it is the intent of the present disclosure that personal information data should be managed and handled in a way to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use. Risk can be minimized by limiting the collection of data and deleting data once it is no longer needed. In addition, and when applicable, including in certain health related applications, data de-identification can be used to protect a user&#39;s privacy. De-identification may be facilitated, when appropriate, by removing specific identifiers (e.g., date of birth, etc.), controlling the amount or specificity of data stored (e.g., collecting location data a city level rather than at an address level), controlling how data is stored (e.g., aggregating data across users), and/or other methods. 
     Therefore, although the present disclosure broadly covers use of personal information data to implement one or more various disclosed embodiments, the present disclosure also contemplates that the various embodiments can also be implemented without the need for accessing such personal information data. That is, the various embodiments of the present technology are not rendered inoperable due to the lack of all or a portion of such personal information data.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20180927
Publication Date: 20200714
Grant Date: 20200714
Priority Date: 20180911
Inventors: MOUSSETTE, Camille
BLOOM, DAVID H.
BUTCHER, GARY IAN
EDWARDS, DYLAN ROSS
FENNIS, Jules K.
GLEESON, BRIAN T.
HE, Miao
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F3/04883", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04847", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04845", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0346", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/016", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/163", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0346", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/01", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04883", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/016", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/163", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/016", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04845", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/048", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04883", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04847", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0487", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/016", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0487", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04883", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/016", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04847", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 69156095