PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-9215826-B2
Application Number: US-201414245889-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Electronic devices having multi-purpose cowling structures and a compass mounted on a flex circuit

Abstract:
Multi-purpose cowling structures are provided to minimize spacing impact within an electronic device, while maximizing functional utility. In one embodiment, an electromagnetic interference shield may provide one or more anchors for enabling a logic board cowling to apply sufficient downward force to one or more board connectors to prevent inadvertent disconnects. In another embodiment, a cowling can electrically connect the ground plane of a logic board to the ground plane of a housing member and provide a pre-load force to a conductor connection existing on logic board. A compass mounted on a flexible printed circuit board is also provided. Mounting the compass on a flexible printed circuit board enables the compass to be mounted remote from ferrous object that may affect the compass&#39;s performance.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A portable electronic device, comprising:
 a magnetometer; 
 a logic board having a board connector; 
 a flexible circuit, wherein the magnetometer is mounted on the flexible circuit, and wherein the flexible circuit is coupled to the board connector; and 
 a housing having an outer periphery member, wherein the magnetometer and flexible circuit are attached directly to the outer periphery member, and wherein the outer periphery member forms an exterior surface of the portable electronic device. 
 
     
     
       2. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 1 , further comprising a mounting bracket that secures the magnetometer and the flexible circuit to the outer periphery member. 
     
     
       3. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 1 , wherein the flexible circuit includes traces that route data signals between the board connector and the magnetometer. 
     
     
       4. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 3 , wherein the traces provide power from the logic board to the magnetometer. 
     
     
       5. A portable electronic device, comprising:
 a housing having a rigid mounting structure; 
 a logic board having a board connector; 
 a flexible printed circuit board connected to the board connector; 
 a compass mounted to the flexible printed circuit board and to the rigid mounting structure; and 
 a bracket that mounts the compass to the rigid mounting structure. 
 
     
     
       6. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 5 , wherein the rigid mounting structure is separate from the logic board. 
     
     
       7. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 5 , wherein the rigid mounting structure is part of an outer periphery member. 
     
     
       8. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 5 , wherein the compass measures a component of a magnetic field in a particular direction relative to a spatial orientation of the device. 
     
     
       9. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 5 , wherein the bracket covers at least a portion of the compass and the flexible printed circuit board. 
     
     
       10. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 5 , wherein the flexible printed circuit board includes traces that route data signals between the board connector and the compass. 
     
     
       11. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 10 , wherein the traces provide power from the logic board to the compass. 
     
     
       12. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 5 , further comprising:
 a fastener that mounts the compass to the rigid mounting structure. 
 
     
     
       13. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 5 , wherein the rigid mounting structure comprises an inner surface, wherein the compass is mounted to the inner surface of the rigid mounting structure. 
     
     
       14. The portable electronic device of  claim 5 , wherein the rigid mounting structure comprises an internal platform secured to an outer periphery member of the device. 
     
     
       15. The portable electronic device of  claim 14 , wherein the internal platform is secured to the outer periphery member of the device using one selected from the group consisting of: snaps, fasteners, flexures, welds, or adhesive. 
     
     
       16. The portable electronic device of  claim 5 , wherein the portable electronic device is a cellular telephone. 
     
     
       17. The portable electronic device of  claim 5 , wherein the compass is mounted to a first portion of the flexible printed circuit board, and wherein the board connector is mounted to a second portion of the flexible printed circuit board. 
     
     
       18. A portable electronic device, comprising:
 a housing having a rigid mounting structure; 
 a logic board having a board connector; 
 a flexible printed circuit board connected to the board connector; 
 a magnetometer mounted to the flexible printed circuit board and to the rigid mounting structure; and 
 a bracket that mounts the magnetometer to the rigid mounting structure. 
 
     
     
       19. The portable electronic device defined in  claim 1 , further comprising a fastener that attaches the magnetometer and flexible circuit directly to an inner surface of the outer periphery member.

Description:
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/987,978, filed Jan. 10, 2011, which is hereby included in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Portable electronic devices are ubiquitous in today&#39;s society and users of these devices expect each new generation to include more features, more power, longer battery life, and less weight. These expectations can place severe design constraints on packaging and board layout. In addition, the compressed packaging of components can result in electrical or magnetic interference that can affect the device&#39;s performance. Accordingly, structures are needed to alleviate the above-mentioned constraints and interference issues. 
     SUMMARY 
     Multi-purpose cowling structures are provided to minimize spacing impact within an electronic device, while maximizing functional utility. In one embodiment, an electromagnetic interference shield may provide one or more anchors for enabling a logic board cowling to apply sufficient downward force to one or more board connectors to prevent inadvertent disconnects. In another embodiment, a cowling can electrically connect the ground plane of a logic board to the ground plane of a housing member and provide a pre-load force to a conductor connection existing on logic board. A compass mounted on a flexible printed circuit board is also provided. Mounting the compass on a flexible printed circuit board enables the compass to be mounted remote from one or more ferrous objects that may affect the compass&#39;s performance. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other features of the present invention, its nature and various advantages will be more apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic view of an illustrative electronic device that can be provided with mechanical and electrical features in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2A  is a cross-sectional view of an illustrative electronic device structure taken along the device width in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2B  is an exploded cross-sectional view of an illustrative electronic device taken along the device length in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2C  is a top view of an illustrative electronic device in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2D  is a bottom view of an illustrative electronic device in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 3  shows an illustrative top view of a main logic board in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 4  shows a cross-sectional view of the logic board of  FIG. 3  taken along line A-A in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 5  shows an illustrative top view of a logic board with a cowling mounted on top in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 6  shows an illustrative cross-sectional view of the logic board of  FIG. 5  taken across line A-A in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 7  shows an illustrative cross-sectional view of the logic board of  FIG. 5  taken across line B-B in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 8  shows an illustrative schematic of a compass located on a flexible printed circuit board in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  shows an illustrative cut-away top view of a portion of a device having a compass mounted in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 10  illustrates an isometric view of a multi-purpose cowling in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIGS. 11A-C  show respective illustrative top, side, and bottom views of the cowling of  FIG. 10  in accordance with embodiments of the invention; 
         FIG. 12  shows an illustrative partial cut-away view of a device having a cowling mounted therein in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 13A  shows an illustrative top view of a main logic board, a secondary logic board, and a flex connection in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; and 
         FIG. 13B  shows a cross-sectional view of the secondary logic board and the flex connection of  FIG. 13A  taken along line A-A in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     An electronic device can be provided with mechanical and electrical components for providing different functionalities to a user. In some cases, components of an electronic device can be constructed to provide mechanical features that improve the performance, aesthetics, robustness and size of the electronic device. 
     Electronic devices that may be provided with these components can include desktop computers, computer monitors, computer monitors containing embedded computers, wireless computer cards, wireless adapters, televisions, set-top boxes, gaming consoles, routers, portable electronic devices such as laptop computers, tablet computers, and handheld devices such as cellular telephones and media players, and small devices such as wrist-watch devices, pendant devices, headphone and earpiece devices, and other wearable and miniature devices. Portable devices such as cellular telephones, media players, and other handheld electronic devices are sometimes described herein as an example. 
       FIG. 1  shows an illustrative electronic device  10  according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in  FIG. 1 , device  10  can include storage and processing circuitry  12 . Storage and processing circuitry  12  can include one or more different types of storage such as hard disk drive storage, nonvolatile memory (e.g., flash memory or other electrically-programmable-read-only memory), volatile memory (e.g., static or dynamic random-access-memory), or combinations of these. Storage and processing circuitry  12  may be used in controlling the operation of device  10 . Processing circuitry in circuitry  12  can be based on processors such as microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, dedicated processing circuits, power management circuits, audio and video chips, and other suitable integrated circuits. 
     Storage and processing circuitry  12  can be used to run software on device  10 , such as internet browsing applications, voice-over-internet-protocol (VOIP) telephone call applications, email applications, media playback applications, operating system functions, antenna and wireless circuit control functions, or combinations of these. Storage and processing circuitry  12  can be used in implementing suitable communications protocols. Communications protocols that may be implemented using storage and processing circuitry  12  can include internet protocols, wireless local area network protocols (e.g., IEEE 802.11 protocols—sometimes referred to as Wi-Fi®), protocols for other short-range wireless communications links such as the Bluetooth® protocol, protocols for handling cellular telephone communications services, or other such communications protocols. 
     Input-output devices  14  may be used to allow data to be supplied to device  10  and to allow data to be provided from device  10  to external devices. Examples of input-output devices  14  that may be used in device  10  include display screens such as touch screens (e.g., liquid crystal displays or organic light-emitting diode displays), buttons, joysticks, click wheels, scrolling wheels, touch pads, key pads, keyboards, microphones, speakers and other devices for creating sound, cameras, sensors, or combinations of these. A user can control the operation of device  10  by supplying commands through devices  14  or by supplying commands to device  10  through an accessory that communicates with device  10  through a wireless or wired communications link. Devices  14  or accessories that are in communication with device  10  through a wired or wireless connection may be used to convey visual or audio information to the user of device  10 . Device  10  may include connectors for forming data ports (e.g., for attaching external equipment such as computers, accessories, etc.). 
     Various components of electronic device  10  may be contained in housing  16 . Housing  16  can protect the internal components and may help keep the internal components in their assembled positions within device  10 . Housing  16  may also provide aesthetics for device  10  (e.g., an ornamental appearance). The shape and construction of housing  16  can vary widely to accommodate different device  10  configurations. For example, housing  16  can be a multi-piece assembly of different parts that interconnect together to hold electronics and/or components (e.g., glass) in place. The parts may be constructed from the same or different materials. A more detailed example of multi-part assembly for housing  16  is discussed below in connection with  FIG. 2 . As another example, a portion of housing  16  can include a translucent/transparent portion through which internal components may optically communicate to the outside world. 
     Device  10  can include one or more optical systems  18 . Each optical system  18  can include, for example, optical components that transmit and/or receive visual and/or non-visual spectrums of light through window or opening  22  in the housing  16 . The optical components can, for example, correspond to one or more camera modules, proximity sensors, or ambient light sensors. For example, a camera module, which is situated inside housing  16 , may be configured to capture image data outside the device  10  via window  22  by a line of sight that passes through window  22 . Device  10  can include one or more alignment structures for ensuring proper mounting and operation of optical system  18 . 
     A housing member of an electronic device (e.g., housing  16  of electronic device  10  of  FIG. 1 ) can provide a variety of attributes to the electronic device including, for example, structural attributes, functional attributes, cosmetic attributes, or combinations thereof. In some cases, a housing member can form an external component of the electronic device, and therefore provide the mechanical structure for the device. A housing member can be provided in any suitable form. In some embodiments, the housing member can include an outer periphery member.  FIG. 2A  is a cross-sectional view of an illustrative electronic device structure having an outer periphery member taken along the device width in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 2B  is an exploded cross-sectional view of an illustrative electronic device having an outer periphery member taken along the device length in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 2C  is a top view of an illustrative electronic device having an outer periphery member in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 2D  is a bottom view of an illustrative electronic device having an outer periphery member in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. 
     Electronic device  200  can include any suitable type of electronic device including, for example, one or more of the types of electronic devices described above in connection with device  10  ( FIG. 1 ). 
     Electronic device  200  can have any suitable shape including, for example, a shape delimited by front surface  210 , back surface  212 , left surface  214 , right surface  216 , top surface  218  (not shown in the cross-sections of  FIGS. 2A and 2B ) and bottom surface  219  (not shown in the cross-sections of  FIGS. 2A and 2B ). Each surface can be substantially planar, curved, or combinations of these. The surfaces can include one or more chamfers, detents, openings, dips, extensions, or other features modifying the smoothness of the surfaces. 
     Electronic device  200  can be constructed using any suitable structure, including for example using outer periphery member  220 . Outer periphery member  220  can form a loop that surrounds or wraps around some or all of the electronic device. The loop formed by outer periphery member  220  can define internal volume  222  into which electronic device components can be placed. For example, outer periphery member  220  can wrap around the device such that the external surfaces of outer periphery member  220  define some or all of left surface  214 , right surface  216 , top surface  218  and bottom surface  219  of the device. To provide a desired functionality to a user, the electronic device can include several components placed within the device such as, for example, within volume  222 . 
     Outer periphery member  220  can have a particular height (e.g., the device height h) that serves to define an amount of volume  222 . In particular, volume  222 , or individual measurable quantities of outer periphery member  220  (e.g., height, thickness, length, or width) can be selected to provide at least a minimum volume amount required for receiving and securing electronic device components. In some embodiments, other criteria can instead or in addition drive the measurable quantities of outer periphery member  220 . For example, the thickness (e.g., outer periphery member thickness t as shown in  FIG. 2B ), length (e.g., device length l as shown in  FIG. 2A ), height (e.g., device height h as shown in  FIG. 2D ), and cross-section of the outer periphery member can be selected based on structural requirements (e.g., stiffness, or resistance to bending, compression, tension or torsion in particular orientations). As another example, the measurable quantities of outer periphery member  220  can be selected based on a desired device size or shape, which may be driven by industrial design considerations. 
     In some embodiments, the outer periphery member  220  can serve as a structural member to which other electronic device components can be mounted. In particular, it may be desirable to secure individual electronic device components placed within device  200  to ensure that the components do not move and break, which could adversely affect the functionality of the device. Outer periphery member  220  can include any suitable feature for securing a device component. For example, outer periphery member  220  can include one or more depressions, recesses, channels, protrusions, or openings for receiving or engaging electronic device components. In some embodiments, outer periphery member  220  can instead or in addition include features for retaining internal structural device components to which other components can be secured. For example, an internal structure such as an internal platform (described below in more detail) can be coupled to an internal surface of outer periphery member  220 , such that other electrical components can be mounted to the internal platform. In some embodiments, outer periphery member  220  can include one or more openings to provide access to one or more internal components retained within volume  222 . 
     Outer periphery member  220  (or device  200 ) can have any suitable cross-section. For example, outer periphery member  220  can have a substantially rectangular cross-section. In some embodiments, outer periphery member  220  can instead or in addition have a cross-section in a different shape including, for example, a circular, oval, polygonal, or curved cross-section. In some embodiments, the shape or size of the cross-section can vary along the length or width of the device (e.g., an hourglass shaped cross-section). 
     Outer periphery member  220  can be constructed using any suitable approach. In some embodiments, outer periphery member  220  can be constructed by connecting several distinct elements together. For example, outer periphery member  220  can be constructed by connecting three distinct elements together. 
     The elements can be formed from any suitable material including, for example, a metal. The individual elements can also be formed using any suitable approach. For example, an element can be formed using cold work. As another example, an element can instead or in addition be formed using a forging process, an annealing process, a machining process, or any other suitable process or combination of processes. In some embodiments, the elements can be included in one or more electrical circuits (e.g., as part of an antenna assembly, or as a heart-rate monitor). 
     Any suitable approach may be used to connect the individual elements of outer periphery member  220 . In some embodiments, a fastener or adhesive can be used to connect the individual elements. In other embodiments, individual elements can be connected to each other or to other electronic device components using a braising process (e.g., connecting a ceramic material to an individual component serving as part of an antenna). In further embodiments, intermediate elements can instead or in addition be placed between adjacent individual elements to securely connect the individual elements together. For example, an intermediate element can be formed from a material (e.g., a plastic material) that can change from a first state to a second state. In the first state, the material of the intermediate element can flow in a gap between adjacent individual elements. In the second state, the material can adhere to the adjacent individual elements, and provide a structural bond between the individual elements such that the individual elements and the intermediate element form an integral component. 
     In some embodiments, the individual elements can be formed from a conductive material, while the intermediate elements can be formed from an insulating or dielectric material. This can ensure that different electrical circuits that include individual elements do not interfere with one another. In addition, the dielectric material in gaps between individual elements can help control capacitance, radio frequency energy, and other electrical transfers across the gaps. 
     Connecting individual elements together using an intermediate element can create artifacts or other imperfections along the interfaces between the individual elements and the intermediate element. For example, excess material of the intermediate element can flash or spill beyond a boundary of the interface, and onto an external surface of one of the individual elements. To ensure that the resulting component is aesthetically pleasing and satisfies industrial design requirements, the component can be processed to remove excess material from one or more of the individual elements and the intermediate element. For example, a single process or tool can be used to finish the different elements. The single process can be applied at a single setting including, for example, a setting corresponding to the softest material of the individual elements and the intermediate element used to form a component. 
     In some cases, the process can instead or in addition dynamically adjust the manner in which the process is applied based on the material or element being processed. For example, the force, speed or tool type used can vary based on the element being processed. The resulting component can include a continuous surface across an interface between an individual element and an intermediate element. For example, the resulting component can include a smooth surface across a seam between two elements. 
     Electronic device components can be placed within volume  222  using any suitable approach. For example, electronic device  200  can include components  230  and  232  inserted into volume  222 . Each of components  230  and  232  can include individual components, or several components assembled together as a component layer or stack, or include several distinct layers of components to insert within volume  222 . In some embodiments, components  230  and  232  can each represent several components stacked along the height of the device. The component layers can be electrically coupled to each other to enable data and power transfers, as required for the proper operation of electronic device  200 . For example, the component layers can be electrically coupled using one or more of a PCB, flex, solder, SMT, wires, connectors, or combinations of these. The component layers can be inserted into outer periphery member  220  using any suitable approach. For example, components  230  and  232  can all be inserted from front surface  210  or from back surface  212  (e.g., back to front, front to back, or middle to front and back). Alternatively, the components can be inserted from both front surface  210  and back surface  212 . 
     In some embodiments, one or more of the components can serve as a structural element. Alternatively, electronic device  200  can include a distinct structural element placed within volume  222  and coupled to outer periphery member  220 . For example, electronic device  200  can include one or more internal members or platforms  240 , which can serve as a mounting points or regions for helping to secure, hold or pack one or more component layers (e.g., attaching component  230  to the back surface of internal platform  240 , and component  232  to the front surface of internal platform  240 ). Internal platform  240  can be coupled to outer periphery member  220  using any suitable approach including, for example, using snaps, fasteners, flexures, welds, glue, or combinations of these. Alternatively, internal platform  240  may even be part of outer periphery member  220  (e.g., machined, extruded, or cast, or integrally formed as a single unit). Internal platform  240  can have any suitable size including, for example, a size that is smaller than the internal volume of outer periphery member  220 . 
     Internal platform  240  can be positioned at any suitable height within outer periphery member  220  including, for example, substantially at half the height of outer periphery member  220 . The resulting structure (e.g., outer periphery member  220  and internal platform  240 ) can form an H-shaped structure that provides sufficient stiffness and resistance to tension, compression, torsion and bending. 
     Internal platform  240 , inner surfaces of the outer periphery members  220 , or both can include one or more protrusions, depressions, shelves, recesses, channels, or other features for receiving or retaining electronic device components. In some cases, internal platform  240 , outer periphery member  220  or both can include one or more openings for coupling components located in the front and back regions of internal platform  240 . The size of each region can be selected based on any suitable criteria including, for example, operational needs of system, numbers and types of electrical components in device  200 , manufacturing constraints of internal platform  240 , or combinations of these. Internal platform  240  can be constructed as a distinct component from any suitable material (e.g., plastic, metal or both), or instead defined from an existing electronic device component placed within volume  222  defined by outer periphery member  220 . For example, internal platform  240  can be formed by a printed circuit board or chip used by the device. 
     In some embodiments, internal platform  240  can include one or more electrically conductive elements for providing electrical connections between the components. For example, internal platform  240  can include one or more PCB, flex, wire, solder pad, cable, connector, or other electrically conductive mechanism for connecting components within the device. 
     Electronic device  200  can include front cover assembly  250  and back cover assembly  260  defining the front and back surfaces, respectively, of device  200 . The front and back cover assemblies  250  and  260  can include one or more components, or can include at least a front member and a back member that form some or all of the outer front and back surfaces of the device. Front and back cover assemblies  250  and  260  can be flush, recessed or protruding relative to the front and back surfaces of outer periphery member  220 . In the example of  FIGS. 2A and 2B , front cover assembly  250  and back cover assembly  260  can be proud or protrude above front and back edges of outer periphery member  220  (e.g., such than an interior surface of cover assemblies  250  and  260  is flush with a front or back surface of outer periphery member  220 ). 
     Alternatively, one or both of the cover assemblies  250  and  260  can be flush or sub-flush relative to outer periphery member  220  in order, for example, to prevent the edges from engaging other surfaces (e.g., at least a portion of cover assemblies  250  and  260  can be included within volume  222 ). In some embodiments, one or both of front cover assembly  250  and back cover assembly  260  can include one or more windows. Any suitable information or content can pass through the windows. For example, a cover assembly can include a window through which a camera can capture images. As another example, a cover assembly can include a window through which content provided by a display may be made available, or through which light (e.g., from a flashlight) can be provided. 
     In some embodiments, different components of electronic device  200  can be substantially made of glass. For example, portions of the electronic device housing can have at least 75% of its exterior as glass. In one implementation, one or both of cover assemblies  250  and  260  can include a glass element providing a substantial portion of the cover assembly. In particular, front and back surfaces  210  and  212  of the device can include substantial amounts of glass, while left, right, top and bottom surfaces  214 ,  216 ,  218 , and  219  of the device can include substantial amounts of a metal (e.g., steel). 
     In some embodiments, the housing of a portable electronic device  200  can be banged or rubbed against various surfaces. When plastic or softer metal housing surfaces are used, the surfaces tend to become scratched. On the other hand, glass housing surfaces (e.g., glass cover assemblies) can be more scratch resistant. Moreover, glass housing surfaces can offer radio transparency, while metal housing surfaces can disturb or hinder radio communications. In one embodiment, an electronic device housing can use glass housing members (e.g., glass cover assemblies) for front surface  210  and back surface  212  of the electronic device housing. For example, front surface  210  formed from a glass housing member can be transparent to provide visual access to a display device positioned behind the glass housing member at the front surface, while back surface  212  formed from a glass housing member can be transparent or non-transparent. Non-transparency, if desired, can conceal any interior components within the electronic device housing. In one embodiment, a surface coating or film can be applied to the glass housing member to provide non-transparency or at least partial translucency. Such a surface coating or film can be provided on an inner surface or an outer surface of the glass housing member. 
       FIG. 3  shows an illustrative top view of a main logic board (“MLB”)  300  in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. MLB  300  may be positioned on an internal platform (e.g., such as internal platform  240  of  FIGS. 2A and 2B ) or on some other structure within the device. MLB  300  can be populated with integrated circuits, such as IC circuit  310 , board connections  314 A-G, coupling structures  316 A-D, traces (not shown), and any other suitable circuitry or components. IC circuit  310  is shown with dashed lines because it is covered by EMI shield  320 . Board connections  314 A-G can be locations where a physical connection is made. For example, board connection  314  can be locations where traces (e.g., a flex cable or co-axial cable) or IC circuits are connected to the board. 
     Coupling structures  316 A-D enable coupling of MLB  300  to a housing structure such as an internal platform, or enable a cowling to be affixed to the top of MLB  300 , or a combination thereof. The cowling can be a plate that applies a force to board connections  314  in order to prevent these connections from experiencing a disconnect event. But for the cowling, the one or more of board connections  314  may disconnect when the device is dropped, shaken, or subject to some other disconnection event. Coupling structures  316 A-D can receive a fastening component such as a screw or a fastener that physically couples any suitable combination of the cowling, MLB  300 , and housing structure together. In some embodiments, coupling structures  316 A-D can be embedded in MLB  300  or they can be raised structures mounted to a surface of MLB  300 . In other embodiments, coupling structures  316  A-D may be a through-hole that permits passage of a screw, fastener, or other securing component there through to a housing structure. 
     Due to the real estate constraints on MLB  300  and necessary positioning of circuitry such as IC circuit  310  and board connections  314 A-G, it may not be possible to place coupling structures  316 A-D in non-coupling region  330 . As shown, board connections  314 A-D exist in non-coupling region  330 , whereas board connections  314 E-G exist in coupling region  340 . Non-coupling region  330  is a region of MLB  300  devoid of any coupling structures  316 A-D and coupling region  340  is a region of MLB  300  that includes one or more coupling structures  316 A-D. Non-coupling region  330  abuts EMI shield  320  and IC circuit  310 , which prevents inclusion of one or more coupling structure  316 A-D. Moreover, board connections  314 A-G located in non-coupling region  330  may be more susceptible to disconnect events than their coupling region  340  counterparts because the necessary number of coupling structures  316 A-D cannot be placed where needed (e.g., located in the positions of IC circuit  310  and EMI shield  320 ). 
     To compensate for the lack of one or more coupling structures in the locations of IC circuit  310  and EMI shield  320 , EMI shield  320  may be constructed to provide one or more cowling anchor positions to mitigate the potential for any disconnect events in non-coupling region  330 .  FIG. 4  shows a cross-sectional view of MLB  300 , IC circuit  310 , EMI shield  320 , taken along line A-A of  FIG. 3 . In particular,  FIG. 4  shows EMI shield  320  having anchor slots  410  and  412  for receiving cowling tabs (not shown in this FIG., but shown in  FIGS. 5-7 ). Although two anchor slots are shown, EMI shield  320  can include one anchor slot or two or more slots. 
     The size and shape of slots  410  and  412  can vary. For example, the slots  410  and  412  can be rectangular slits in the side wall of EMI shield  320 . As another example, slots  410  and  412  can be cavities existing within EMI shield  320 . Slots  410  and  412  may be constructed to secure cowling tabs in place, which by extension enables the cowling to apply sufficient force to board connections  314 A-D when secured to MLB  300 . For example, slots  410  and  412  may have structures such as spring members that assist in securing the cowling tab(s) in place within EMI shield. 
       FIG. 5  shows an illustrative top view of MLB  300  with a cowling  500  mounted on top of MLB  300  in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. Cowling  500  can be a substantially flat plate constructed from any suitable material such as steel or plastic that is mounted on top of at least a portion of MLB  300 . Cowling  500  can include tabs  510  and  512  and can be shaped to conform to the contours of MLB  300 . Although only two tabs are shown, any suitable number of tabs may form part of cowling  500 . In addition, cowling  500  may take any suitable shape. Cowling  500  also includes through-holes  514  that align with coupling structures (not shown). A fastener such as a pin or screw can be inserted into each through-hole  514  to secure cowling  500  to MLB  300 . 
     When cowling  500  is secured to the top of MLB  300 , and tabs  510  and  512  are inserted into their respective anchor slots, cowling  500  can exert sufficient downward pressure on each of board connections  314 A-D (the connections located in non-coupling region  330 ) to prevent undesired disconnect events. Anchors  410  and  412  ( FIG. 4 ) effectively serve as a coupling structure even though an actual coupling structure (e.g., one of coupling structures  316 A-D of  FIG. 3 ) cannot be placed in the location of anchors  410  and  412 . 
       FIG. 6  shows an illustrative cross-sectional view of MLB  300 , IC circuit  310 , EMI shield  320 , and cowling tab  510  and  512  taken across line A-A of  FIG. 5  in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. As shown, cowling tabs  510  and  512  are positioned within anchor slots  410  and  412 . 
       FIG. 7  shows an illustrative cross-sectional view of MLB  300 , IC circuit  310 , EMI shield  320 , and cowling tab  512  taken across line B-B of  FIG. 5  in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. As shown, cowling tab  512  is shown positioned within anchor slot  412  a predetermined distance past the sidewall of EMI shield  320 . This provides adequate leverage for cowling  500  to exert the necessary force on connections  314 . Note that cowling  500  is flush against connection  314 . 
     Some devices may include a compass, which can be accessed by various programs such as games, navigation programs, and map programs. These devices can use a solid state compass, known as a magnetometer. Different types of magnetometers exist such as scalar magnetometers, which can measure the total strength of a magnetic field, and vector magnetometers, which can measure a component of a magnetic field in a particular direction relative to the spatial orientation of the device. 
     In order for a magnetometer to operate within acceptable performance levels, it needs to be positioned a minimum distance away from ferrous objects such as a speaker or motor, and be mounted on a rigid structure. Ferrous objects can affect the magnetometer&#39;s ability to accurately quantify the earth&#39;s magnetic field. A rigid mounting of the magnetometer is needed to prevent it from moving in any direction, as it would otherwise be unable to accurately determine a direction relative to the device. For example, consider a scenario where a user is holding his or her magnetometer-enabled device. As the user handles the device, it will be pitched and yawed. If the compass is not fixed to a rigid support structure, it will yield erroneous directional readings. 
     Conventionally, in portable electronic devices, magnetometers are mounted onto a logic board, as the board can provide a sufficiently rigid structure. However, as devices continue to shrink in size and incorporate additional hardware to accommodate ever increasing feature sets, space, especially board space, is severely limited. Thus, as boards become more compact and dense with electronics and other components, including ferrous components, there may be a need to position the magnetometer remote from the logic board. 
     In addition, even if the magnetometer can be located off board, it needs to be mounted on a rigid structure and be coupled to circuitry in order to receive power and communicate data. Therefore, in accordance with embodiments of this invention, a magnetometer, which is mounted on a flexible printed circuit board, is located remote to a logic board. The portion of the flexible printed circuit board having the magnetometer attached thereto is mounted to a rigid structure. 
       FIG. 8  shows an illustrative schematic  800  of a compass located on a flexible printed circuit board in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic  800  includes logic board  810  with board connector  812 , flexible printed circuit board  820  having compass  830  attached thereto, and mounting structure  840 . As used herein, compass  830  refers to any suitable solid state or MEMs type of compass, sometimes referred to as a magnetometer. Logic board  810  can be any suitable board such as a printed circuit board that can hold circuitry, board connectors, traces, and mounting fixtures. For example, board  810  can be a simplified version of a board that may be attached to an internal platform (e.g., internal platform  240  of  FIG. 2B ). 
     Board connector  812  can be any suitable connector suitable for interfacing with flexible printed circuit board  820  (hereinafter “flex circuit  820 ”). Flex circuit  820  can be any suitable flexible substrate on which an electronic device such as a compass can be mounted. Flex circuit  820  can include traces for enabling transfer of data and power. These traces can route data signals between board connector  812  and compass  830  and provide power from board  810  to compass  830 . The portion of flex circuit  820  on which compass  830  is mounted may be referred to herein as the compass/flex circuit portion. It is this portion that is securely mounted to mounting structure  840 . 
     Mounting structure  840  can be any structure within the electronic device (other than a logic board) having sufficient structural integrity suitable for mounting the compass/flex circuit portion. In addition, mounting structure  840  can enable the compass/flex portion to be mounted in a desired orientation (e.g., such that compass  830  can be positioned in the proper X, Y, and Z axes orientation). Examples of mounting structure  840  include the internal platform (e.g., internal platform  240  of  FIG. 2B ) or the inner surface of the outer periphery member (e.g., periphery member  220  of  FIGS. 2A-D ). 
     The compass/flex circuit portion can be mounted to mounting structure  840  using any suitable technique. For example, brackets may be placed over the entire compass/flex portion, or a portion thereof, and may be fastened to mounting structure  840 . As another example, the flex portion can be secured to mounting structure  840  by fasteners. 
       FIG. 9  shows an illustrative cut-away top view of a portion of device  900  having a compass mounted in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. Device  900  can include outer periphery member  910 , logic board  920 , connector  922 , flex circuit  930 , and compass  940 . As shown, flex circuit  930  electrically couples compass  940  to board  920  via connector  922 . Compass  940  is mounted to the inside surface of periphery member  910 . Mounting bracket  950  may secure compass  940  and a portion of flex circuit  930  to periphery member  910 . 
     As electronic devices are assembled, various physical and electrical connections are necessary to ensure proper operation of the device. Some of these connections can be grounding connections that provide an electrical pathway between one component (e.g., a logic board) and another component (e.g., chassis ground plane). Other connections may secure a logic board to a device housing (e.g., internal platform  240  of  FIG. 2B ). Yet other connections can secure a co-axial cable, flex circuit, or another signal and/or power conducting medium to a predetermined location within the device. 
     The physical coupling of these connections can be attained by solder connections, threaded screw connections, heat weld connections, pressure connections (e.g., where force such as a spring force makes the connection), or any other suitable connections. Some of these connections provide stronger, more secure, physical connections than others. For example, a threaded screw connection may be a more secure connection than a solder connection. The stronger, more secure, connections (e.g., threaded connections) are generally more desirable, but inclusion of such connections typically command higher space premiums and more limited placement options than their less robust connection counterparts. 
       FIGS. 10-12  discuss in more detail embodiments of multi-purpose cowlings that leverage a strong, secure connection such as a threaded connection to enable the cowling to provide another connection and structural support for a less secure connection. In particular, cowlings according to embodiments of this invention are of single piece construction that provides a grounding connection as well as structural support for a connection that is not part of the cowling. The cowlings are shaped to minimize impact on board space requirements while simultaneously maximizing functional efficiency. This helps to satisfy design constraints that limit available board space while also providing strong connections such as threaded connections. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates an isometric view of a multi-purpose cowling  1000  in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.  FIG. 10  shows a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate legend to help identify which axis various features of cowling  1000  exist. Cowling  1000  can include members that extend in all three axes. As shown, cowling  1000  includes through-hole  1010 , diving-board member  1020 , and spring member  1030 . Through-hole  1010  can represent an origination point of cowling  1000 . The area immediately adjacent to through-hole  1010  may be substantially planar and shaped to accommodate the head portion of a screw (not shown). Thus, the substantially planar portion can be the portion that enables cowling  1000  to be securely connected to a logic board (not shown) or other suitable structure by the screw. 
     Diving-board member  1020  extends in the x-axis direction away from through-hole  1010 . Member  1020  can be stepped up with respect to the plane in which through-hole  1010  exists and can extend a predetermined distance in the x-axis direction. The distal end of member  1020  (the portion opposite through-hole) can be biased to exert a force in the z-axis direction. Member  1020  may be manufactured to achieve this bias or it may be bent down in the z-axis direction. The step up may facilitate bias in the z-axis direction. It is understood that the step up can be eliminated and that member  1020  can exist in the same plane as through-hole  1010 . 
     Spring member  1030  can extend a predetermined distance away from through-hole  1010  in the y-axis direction. The y-axis portion of member  1030  can exist in the same plane as through-hole  1010 . Bracket  1032  exists at the distal end of member  1030  and extends in the z-axis direction. Spring arms  1034  and  1036  extend away from bracket  1032  at an angle between the x and z axes as shown. Spring arms  1034  and  1036  can apply a force in the x-axis direction. The distal end of each arm can have engagement members  1035  and  1037 . 
       FIGS. 11A-C  show respective illustrative top, side, and bottom views of cowling  1000  of  FIG. 10  in accordance with embodiments of the invention. The reference numbers are kept consistent with the numbers used in  FIG. 10 . Cowling  1000  can be single piece construction machined from any suitable conductive material. 
       FIG. 12  shows an illustrative partial cut-away view of device  1200  having cowling  1000  mounted therein in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. Device  1200  shows, among other features, housing member  1210 , cowling  1000 , logic board  1220 , standoff  1224 , screw  1226 , and antenna  1230 . Housing member  1210  can be any suitable structure suitable for holding logic board  1220 . As an example, housing member  1210  can be an internal platform such as internal platform  240  of  FIG. 2B . Housing member  1210  may be constructed with a combination of plastic and metal materials. The metal materials may provide a ground plane for device  1200 . As shown in  FIG. 12 , housing member  1210  has ground plane interface  1212 , which is a metal component connected to the ground plane. 
     Logic board  1220  has its own ground plane (not shown), which may be distributed in one or more layers throughout the board. In order to provide desired grounding in device  1200 , the ground plane of logic board  1220  is electrically coupled to the ground plane of housing member  1210 . Cowling  1000  provides this electrical coupling. As shown, screw  1226  passes through the through-hole of cowling  1000  and engages standoff  1224  to physically secure cowling  1000  to logic board  1220 . In some embodiments, the screw/standoff/board connection can also electrically couple the ground plane of board  1220  to cowling  1000 . 
     When cowling  1000  is secured to board  1220 , bracket  1032  is physically coupled to ground plane interface  1212 . In addition, spring arms  1034  and  1036  are in physical contact with board  1220  when cowling  1000  is secured. Spring arms  1034  and  1036  can be coupled to an interface region inside of board  1220  (as shown) or can be coupled to an edge of board  1220 . In either approach, arms  1034  and  1036  can apply pressure to board  1220 , which ensures that bracket  1032  makes a solid electrical coupling to ground plane interface  1212 . 
     The ground-to-ground coupling between housing member  1210  and board  1220  can be obtained in one of several different embodiments. In one embodiment, the ground coupling can be achieved in the following path: logic board ground plane, standoff  1224 , screw  1226 , spring arm  1030 , bracket  1032 , and ground plane interface  1212 . In another embodiment, arms  1034  and  1036  may also provide an electrical coupling between the ground plane of board  1220  and the ground plane of housing member  1210 . In this embodiment, the ground coupling can be achieved in the following path: logic board ground plane, arms  1034  and  1036 , bracket  1032 , and ground plane interface  1212 . In yet another embodiment, the ground coupling can be achieved through both the screw coupling and arm coupling. 
     Logic board  1220  can include several connection regions for physically coupling IC circuits, conductors, and other components (such as antenna  1230 ). Antenna  1230  can be coupled to a conductor (e.g., a co-axial conductor) via solder connection  1238 . As discussed above, solder connections may not be as secure as threaded connections. Thus, during normal use of device  1200 , such connections may be susceptible to disconnection. Diving board  1020  of cowling applies a pre-load force to connection  1238  to ensure the connection remains fixed throughout the life and intended use of device  1200 . 
     Accordingly, cowling  1000  can advantageously provide both electrical grounding between board  1220  and housing member  1210  and a pre-load force as added insurance for securing a logic board connection. 
       FIG. 13A  shows an illustrative top view of a main logic board (“MLB”)  1300 , a secondary logic board (“SLB”)  1302 , and flex connection  1304  in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. MLB  1300  can be the same as or similar to MLB  300  of  FIG. 3 . In some embodiments, SLB  1302  can provide connections to an audio jack of an electronic device (not shown in  FIG. 13 ). 
     Due to space constraints of the device, board to board connections cannot be formed between MLB  1300  and SLB  1302 . Accordingly, connections between MLB  1300  and SLB  1302  may need to be formed using flex connection  1304 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 13A , flex connection  1304  can extend between board connection  1306  of MLB  1300  and SLB  1302 . In some cases, board connection  1306  can be the same as or similar to one of board connections  314 A-G of  FIG. 3 . 
     In some embodiments, space constraints may require flex connection  1304  to be formed underneath another component of an electronic device. For example, as shown in  FIG. 13A , flex connection  1304  may be formed underneath battery  1308  (as indicated by the dashed line). 
     The thinness of a device may further constrain the type of flex connection that can be used to connect MLB  1300  and SLB  1302 . For example, flex connection  1304  may need to be a single-layer flex connection in order to satisfy the thickness constraints of the device. 
       FIG. 13B  shows a cross-sectional view of SLB  1302  and flex connection  1304  of  FIG. 13A  taken along line A-A. As shown in  FIG. 13B , because there is no gap between battery  1308  and glass  1320  of the electronic device, flex connection  1304  is required to lie underneath battery  1308 . 
     The previously described embodiments are presented for purposes of illustration and not of limitation. It is understood that one or more features of an embodiment can be combined with one or more features of another embodiment to provide systems and/or methods without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20140404
Publication Date: 20151215
Grant Date: 20151215
Priority Date: 20110110
Inventors: MALEK SHAYAN
KOLE JARED M.
LUBINSKI NICHOLAS IAN
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H05K1/147", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/526", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G01C17/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G01R33/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/189", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/02", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G01C17/28", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G01C17/28", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/189", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G01C17/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/147", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/147", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/526", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/02", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G01C17/28", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01Q1/526", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G01R33/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/189", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 46454859