PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11262797-B1
Application Number: US-201916678976-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B1

Title: Computer systems with wearable force sensing devices

Abstract:
A system may include a wearable electronic device that gathers force input. The device may transmit force measurement information and other input to external equipment such as a head-mounted device. The wearable electronic device may have a force sensor that gathers force measurements as the wearable electronic device is being worn. The force sensor may have a force sensor housing structure configured to form a fluid-filled channel and one or more collapsible force sensor elements such as collapsible fluid-filled domes or other protruding portions of the force sensor housing structure. A pressure sensor may monitor changes in pressure in a fluid that fills the channel and the fluid-filled domes. The monitored changes in pressure represent force measurements for force applied by a user&#39;s body part or other objects on the collapsible force sensor elements.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A wearable electronic device, comprising:
 control circuitry; and 
 a force sensor that supplies a force sensor output signal to the control circuitry, wherein the force sensor comprises:
 a collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion having opposing first and second surfaces; 
 a pressure sensor; and 
 a force sensor structure that is configured to form a channel, wherein the channel is filled with fluid and is coupled between the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion and the pressure sensor, wherein the first surface of the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion faces the fluid, wherein the pressure sensor is configured to generate the force sensor output signal in response to a force on the second surface of the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion, and wherein the pressure sensor is configured to provide the force sensor output signal to the control circuitry. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  further comprising a wearable device housing that is configured to be worn on a body part, wherein the force sensor structure comprises flexible polymer that is coupled to the wearable device housing, wherein the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion comprises a collapsible fluid-filled polymer dome, and wherein the collapsible fluid-filled polymer dome faces the body part when the wearable device housing is worn on the body part. 
     
     
       3. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 2  wherein the body part comprises a finger and wherein the wearable device housing is configured to be worn on the finger. 
     
     
       4. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 2  wherein the body part comprises a body part selected from the group consisting of: a finger, a palm, a wrist, an arm, a leg, an ankle, and a head and wherein the wearable device housing is configured to support the collapsible fluid-filled polymer dome in an orientation where the collapsible fluid-filled polymer dome faces the body part. 
     
     
       5. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the channel has a circular cross section. 
     
     
       6. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the fluid comprises air and wherein the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion comprises a hemispherical protrusion. 
     
     
       7. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the fluid comprises a liquid and wherein the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion comprises a hemispherical protrusion. 
     
     
       8. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion is a fluid-filled collapsible dome and wherein the force sensor structure comprises a polymer structure with multiple additional fluid-filled collapsible domes. 
     
     
       9. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  further comprising a capacitive force sensor electrode on the force sensor structure. 
     
     
       10. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 9  wherein the capacitive force sensor electrode overlaps the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion. 
     
     
       11. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  further comprising a glove-shaped wearable device housing structure coupled to the force sensor. 
     
     
       12. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  further comprising a wearable device housing, wherein the wearable device housing is configured to receive a body part, and wherein the force sensor is supported by the wearable device housing in a configuration in which the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion faces the body part, and wherein the force sensor is configured to make a physiological measurement on the body part. 
     
     
       13. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  further comprising an air pressure equalization opening in the force sensor structure. 
     
     
       14. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the force sensor structure comprises first and second layers of polymer that are coupled to each other to form the channel and wherein the first layer of polymer is configured to form the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion. 
     
     
       15. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  further comprising:
 a printed circuit to which the pressure sensor is mounted; and 
 an attachment structure that is coupled to the printed circuit, wherein the attachment structure has a recessed surface and wherein the force sensor structure has a flexible polymer portion that is coupled to the attachment structure at the recessed surface. 
 
     
     
       16. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 15  further comprising sealant between the flexible polymer portion and the attachment structure at the recessed surface. 
     
     
       17. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  further comprising an electromagnetic actuator that is configured to pressurize the fluid and that is controlled by the control circuitry. 
     
     
       18. The wearable electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the pressure sensor comprises a microelectromechanical systems pressure sensor. 
     
     
       19. A force sensor comprising:
 a polymer structure forming a fluid-filled collapsible protrusion and a fluid-filled channel coupled to the fluid-filled collapsible protrusion, wherein the fluid-filled collapsible protrusion and fluid-filled channel are filled with a fluid, and wherein the fluid-filled collapsible protrusion has a first surface facing the fluid and a second surface facing away from the fluid; and 
 a pressure sensor coupled to the channel and configured to monitor pressure changes in the fluid to measure force on the second surface of the fluid-filled collapsible protrusion. 
 
     
     
       20. The force sensor defined in  claim 19  wherein the fluid-filled collapsible protrusion comprises a collapsible fluid-filled dome. 
     
     
       21. A wearable electronic device, comprising:
 a device housing configured to be worn on a body part of a user; 
 a polymer structure coupled to the device housing, wherein the polymer structure is configured to form a fluid-filled channel and a set of fluid-filled domes that are configured to contact the body part and that are coupled to the fluid-filled channel, wherein the fluid-filled domes and fluid-filled channel are filled with a fluid, and wherein the fluid-filled domes are configured to receive a force from the user; 
 a pressure sensor coupled to the channel and configured to monitor pressure changes in the fluid to measure the force on the fluid-filled domes; and 
 wireless communications circuitry configured to wirelessly transmit information on the measured force. 
 
     
     
       22. An electronic device configured to be used by a user, the electronic device comprising:
 control circuitry; and 
 a force sensor that supplies a force sensor output signal to the control circuitry, wherein the force sensor comprises:
 a collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion having a cross-sectional shape that includes a circular arc, wherein the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion is configured to receive a force from the user; 
 a pressure sensor; and 
 a force sensor structure that is configured to form a channel, wherein the channel is filled with fluid and is coupled between the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion and the pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is configured to generate the force sensor output signal in response to the force, and wherein the pressure sensor is configured to provide the force sensor output signal to the control circuitry. 
 
 
     
     
       23. The electronic device defined in  claim 22  wherein the collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion includes a portion forming a semi-circular channel. 
     
     
       24. The electronic device defined in  claim 23  further comprising a wearable device housing that includes fabric and that is configured to be worn on a body part.

Description:
This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application No. 62/793,292, filed Jan. 16, 2019, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     This relates generally to electronic systems, and, more particularly, to systems with electronic devices such as wearable electronic devices. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Electronic devices such as computers can be controlled using computer mice and other input accessories. Cellular telephones and computers may have touch sensitive input surfaces that gather user input. In computer-generated-reality systems, input accessories such as force-feedback gloves can be used to control virtual objects. 
     Devices such as these may not be convenient for a user, may be cumbersome or uncomfortable, or may not satisfactorily gather input or provide output. 
     SUMMARY 
     A system may include a wearable electronic device that gathers force input. The device may transmit force measurement information and other input to external equipment such as a head-mounted device to control the external equipment. For example, the device may have wireless communications circuitry that wirelessly transmits force measurement information to an external electronic device to control the external device. 
     The wearable electronic device may have a force sensor that gathers force measurements from a body part of a user as the wearable electronic device is being worn against the body part of the user. The force sensor may have a force sensor housing structure that is coupled to a wearable electronic device housing structure. The wearable electronic device housing structure may be configured to be worn on a finger, hand, arm, foot, leg, head, wrist, or other body part of a user. 
     The force sensor may be used to make measurements of forces applied to the force sensor by the user as the body part of the user or other external object presses against the force sensor. The force sensor housing structure in the force sensor may be configured to form a fluid-filled channel and one or more collapsible force sensor elements such as collapsible fluid-filled domes or other protruding portions of the force sensor housing structure. The housing structure may be supported by the wearable electronic device housing structure so that the domes face the body part of the user and are compressed by force from the body part (e.g., force that arises as the body part presses against the force sensor as the body part moves through the air and/or as the body part contacts an external object). A pressure sensor may monitor changes in pressure in a fluid that fills the channel and the fluid-filled domes. The monitored changes in pressure represent force measurements for force applied by the user&#39;s body part or other external objects on the collapsible force sensor elements. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an illustrative system with electronic devices in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5  are views of wearable electronic devices being worn on illustrative body parts of a user in accordance with embodiments. 
         FIG. 6  is a side view of an illustrative wearable electronic device with a force sensor in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 7A  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative force sensor in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIGS. 7B, 7C, and 7D  are cross-sectional end views of illustrative force sensor structures for forming a fluid-filled cavity structure such as a fluid-filled channel in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative force sensor having a flexible structure coupled to an attachment structure on a substrate such as a printed circuit to which a fluid pressure sensor has been mounted in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 9  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative force sensor device with haptic output capabilities in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 10  is a top view of an illustrative network of collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusions in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 11  is a cross-sectional end view of an illustrative wearable device on a finger of a user showing how a force sensor housing structure may be coupled to and supported by a wearable electronic device housing structure in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative force sensor oriented so that collapsible domes face a finger and palm of a user in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 13  is a side view of an illustrative force sensor for a wearable device showing how the force sensor housing may have locally thinned regions between respective pairs of collapsible force sensor elements in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 14  is a side view of an illustrative wearable electronic device with a force sensor and a fabric housing in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view of an illustrative half-cylinder fluid-filled structure having a semi-circular cross-sectional shape in accordance with an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Electronic devices may be used to gather user input and to provide a user with output. For example, a wearable device may gather force input from a user&#39;s fingers or other body parts. This force input may be gathered as the wearable device is being worn on the user&#39;s body part and, if desired, as the user is touching or otherwise interacting with external objects. Gathered force input may be provided to electronic equipment with a display such as a head-mounted device and/or a computer. For example, force input may be used in moving objects that are displayed on a display in a system such as a computer-generated-reality system. Wearable devices with force sensor input may be worn on a user&#39;s fingers, hand, arm, foot, and/or other body parts. If desired, haptic output and/or other output may be supplied to the user with the wearable device. 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an illustrative system of the type that may include one or more wearable devices and/or other input-output devices for gathering user input by making force measurements and/or other sensor measurements. As shown in  FIG. 1 , system  8  may include electronic devices such as wearable device(s)  10  and other electronic device(s)  24 . Each wearable device  10  may be worn by a user. Devices  10  may gather user input and may therefore sometimes be referred to as user input devices. Devices  10  may serve as output devices (e.g., by providing haptic output and other output and/or by otherwise serving as an input-output device for system  8 ). Additional electronic devices in system  8  such as devices  24  may, if desired, provide output to a user using one or more devices  10  and may receive user input from one or more devices  10 . For example, device  10  may have wireless communications circuitry that wirelessly transmits force measurement information to one or more devices  24  for use in controlling devices  24 . Devices  24  may perform operations in response to this user input (e.g., devices  24  may be controlled using the user input from wearable devices  10 ). 
     Devices  24  may include devices such as a laptop computer, a computer monitor containing an embedded computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer (e.g., a display on a stand with an integrated computer processor and other computer circuitry), a cellular telephone, a media player, or other handheld or portable electronic device, a smaller device such as a wristwatch device, a pendant device, a headphone or earpiece device, a head-mounted device such as glasses, goggles, a helmet, or other equipment worn on a user&#39;s head, or other wearable or miniature device, a television, a computer display that does not contain an embedded computer, a gaming device, a remote control, a navigation device, an embedded system such as a system in which equipment is mounted in a kiosk, in an automobile, airplane, or other vehicle, a removable external case for electronic equipment, a strap, a wrist band or head band, a removable cover for a device, a case or bag that has straps or that has other structures to receive and carry electronic equipment and other items, a necklace or arm band, a wallet, sleeve, pocket, or other structure into which electronic equipment or other items may be inserted, part of a chair, sofa, or other seating (e.g., cushions or other seating structures), part of an item of clothing or other wearable item (e.g., a hat, belt, wrist band, headband, sock, glove, shirt, pants, etc.), a mouse, trackpad, stylus, ear buds, or other accessories, or equipment that implements the functionality of two or more of these devices. Devices  24  may, if desired, include cloud-based computing equipment (e.g., one or more computers that are accessed over the internet or other wide area network and/or over local area networks). 
     In some arrangements, a single device  24  (e.g., a head-mounted device) may be used with one or more wearable devices  10 . In other arrangements, multiple devices  24  (e.g., a head-mounted device and an associated host computer or a head-mounted device, host computer, and online computer) may be used in system  8  with one or more wearable devices  10 . In yet other configurations, system  8  includes only one or more wearable devices  10  (e.g., a device worn on a user&#39;s hand, head, arm, leg, foot, wrist, finger, palm, ankle, elbow, torso, or other body part). In some arrangements, device may have a wearable device housing such as an external shell structure or other housing member that is flexible, but that creates resistance when bent by a user&#39;s fingers or other body part. In this type of arrangement, force measurements with a force sensor inside the flexible member or other housing structure of the device may be used as user input as a user is wearing device  10  in the air without contacting external objects. If desired, wearable device  10  may have force sensing circuitry that detects when a user who is wearing device  10  touches and presses against external objects. Input from wearable device  10  may control one or more devices  24 , which may include a cellular telephone, tablet computer, laptop computer, wristwatch device, head-mounted device, a device with a speaker, and/or other electronic devices (e.g., a device with a display, audio components, and/or other output components). Configurations in which system  10  includes one or more devices  10  and one or more devices  24  may sometimes be described herein as an example. 
     Devices  10  and  24  may include control circuitry  12  and  26 . Control circuitry  12  and  26  may include storage and processing circuitry for supporting the operation of system  8 . The storage and processing circuitry may include storage such as nonvolatile memory (e.g., flash memory or other electrically-programmable-read-only memory configured to form a solid state drive), volatile memory (e.g., static or dynamic random-access-memory), etc. Processing circuitry in control circuitry  12  and  26  may be used to gather input from sensors and other input devices and may be used to control output devices. The processing circuitry may be based on one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, baseband processors and other wireless communications circuits, power management units, audio chips, application specific integrated circuits, etc. 
     To support communications between devices  10  and  24  and/or to support communications between equipment in system  8  and external electronic equipment, control circuitry  12  may communicate using communications circuitry  14  and/or control circuitry  26  may communicate using communications circuitry  28 . Circuitry  14  and/or  28  may include antennas, radio-frequency transceiver circuitry, and other wireless communications circuitry and/or wired communications circuitry. Circuitry  14  and/or  26 , which may sometimes be referred to as control circuitry and/or control and communications circuitry, may, for example, support bidirectional wireless communications between devices  10  and  24  over wireless link  38  (e.g., a wireless local area network link, a near-field communications link, or other suitable wired or wireless communications link (e.g., a Bluetooth® link, a WiFi® link, a 60 GHz link or other millimeter wave link, etc.). Devices  10  and  24  may also include power circuits for transmitting and/or receiving wired and/or wireless power and may include batteries. In configurations in which wireless power transfer is supported between devices  10  and  24 , in-band wireless communications may be supported using inductive power transfer coils (as an example). 
     Devices  10  and  24  may include input-output devices such as devices  16  and  30 . Input-output devices  16  and/or  30  may be used in gathering user input, in gathering information on the environment surrounding the user, and/or in providing a user with output. Devices  16  may include sensors  18  and devices  30  may include sensors  32 . Sensors  18  and/or  32  may include force sensors (e.g., strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, resistive force sensors, force sensors that include pressure sensors that detect pressure in a fluid that is coupled to one or more force sensing elements formed from collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusions, etc.), audio sensors such as microphones, touch and/or proximity sensors such as capacitive sensors, optical sensors such as optical sensors that emit and detect light, ultrasonic sensors, and/or other touch sensors and/or proximity sensors, monochromatic and color ambient light sensors, image sensors, sensors for detecting position, orientation, and/or motion (e.g., accelerometers, magnetic sensors such as compass sensors, gyroscopes, and/or inertial measurement units that contain some or all of these sensors), muscle activity sensors (EMG) for detecting finger actions, radio-frequency sensors, depth sensors (e.g., three-dimensional optical sensors such as structured light sensors configured to project dots of infrared light onto three-dimensional surfaces of real-world objects and sense three-dimensional shapes by capturing images of the dots using an infrared image sensor and/or optical depth sensors based on stereo imaging devices), optical sensors such as self-mixing sensors and light detection and ranging (lidar) sensors that gather time-of-flight measurements, optical sensors such as visual odometry sensors that gather position and/or orientation information using images gathered with digital image sensors in cameras, gaze tracking sensors, visible light and/or infrared cameras having digital image sensors, humidity sensors, moisture sensors, and/or other sensors. In some arrangements, devices  10  and/or  24  may use sensors  18  and/or  32  and/or other input-output devices  16  and/or  30  to gather user input (e.g., buttons may be used to gather button press input, touch sensors overlapping displays can be used for gathering user touch screen input, touch pads may be used in gathering touch input, microphones may be used for gathering audio input, accelerometers may be used in monitoring when a finger contacts an input surface and may therefore be used to gather finger press input, etc.). If desired, device  10  and/or device  24  may include rotating buttons (e.g., a crown mechanism on a watch or finger device or other suitable rotary button that rotates and that optionally can be depressed to select items of interest). Alphanumeric keys and/or other buttons may be included in devices  16  and/or  30 . 
     Devices  16  and/or  30  may include haptic output devices  20  and/or  34 . Haptic output devices  20  and/or  34  can produce motion that is sensed by the user (e.g., through the user&#39;s fingertips). Haptic output devices  20  and/or  34  may include actuators such as electromagnetic actuators such as solenoids, motors, piezoelectric actuators, electroactive polymer actuators, vibrators, linear actuators, rotational actuators, actuators that bend bendable members, actuator devices that create and/or control repulsive and/or attractive forces between devices  10  and/or  24  (e.g., components for creating electrostatic repulsion and/or attraction such as electrodes, components for producing ultrasonic output such as ultrasonic transducers, components for producing magnetic interactions such as electromagnets for producing direct-current and/or alternating-current magnetic fields, permanent magnets, magnetic materials such as iron or ferrite, and/or other circuitry for producing repulsive and/or attractive forces between devices  10  and/or  24 ). In some configurations, actuators for creating forces in device  10  may be used in pressuring fluid that in turn presses against a user&#39;s finger and/or other body parts. 
     If desired, input-output devices  16  and/or  30  may include other devices  22  and/or  36  such as displays (e.g., in device  24  to display images for a user), status indicator lights (e.g., a light-emitting diode in device  10  and/or  24  that serves as a power indicator, and other light-based output devices), speakers and other audio output devices, electromagnets, permanent magnets, structures formed from magnetic material (e.g., iron bars or other ferromagnetic members that are attracted to magnets such as electromagnets and/or permanent magnets), batteries, etc. Devices  10  and/or  24  may also include power transmitting and/or receiving circuits configured to transmit and/or receive wired and/or wireless power signals. 
     Wearable device  10  may be worn on any body part of a user (see, e.g., illustrative body parts  40  of  FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5 ). As shown in  FIG. 2 , body part  40  may be a finger and device  10  may serve as a finger-mounted device that is worn on the tip of the finger. As shown in  FIG. 3 , body part  40  may be a user&#39;s hand and device  10  may be a glove, a fingerless glove, or other device that is worn over a user&#39;s palm and/or one or more fingers. As shown in  FIG. 4 , device  10  may be worn on a user&#39;s appendage such as a user&#39;s arm. Body part  40  may be, for example, a user&#39;s arm, leg, or other appendage and device  10  may have the shape of a circular band or cuff that is worn around the user&#39;s arm, leg, or other appendage (e.g., device  10  may form a blood pressure measuring device and/or a device that measures heart rate). As shown in  FIG. 5 , device  10  may be worn one or against a surface of the user&#39;s foot (e.g., body part  40  may be a foot). Device  10  may, for example, cover the sole and/or side surfaces of the user&#39;s foot. Device  10  of  FIG. 5  may be a shoe, sock, foot pad, or other item that is worn on the user&#39;s foot. Body part motions, body part pressure against housing structures in device  10  and/or against external objects, and/or other user activity can be measured as the user&#39;s body part moves and device  10  moves. If desired, arrangements in which device  10  is worn against user body parts other than the body parts of  FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5  may be used. The configurations of  FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5  are illustrative. 
       FIG. 6  is a diagram of device  10  showing how device  10  may have force sensing circuitry. In the example of  FIG. 6 , device  10  includes a force sensor that has a pressure sensor such as pressure sensor  48  that is coupled by fluid  46  to a force sensor element such as a collapsible force sensor element at a different location than sensor  48 . The force sensor element of  FIG. 6  is formed from collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusion such as dome  52 . Dome  52  may form a hemispherical protrusion that collapses fully or partially in direction  58  due to pressure between dome  52  and the user&#39;s body  40  or other external object. For example, device  10  may be compressed between body  40  and object  50  when body part  40  moves in direction  51 . Object  50  may be an external object or a housing structure in wearable device  10  (e.g., a housing member that covers at least the rear face of the force sensor while the front face of the force sensor with dome  52  faces the user&#39;s body part). If desired, collapsible fluid-filled force sensor protrusions may have other shapes such as half-cylinder shapes (e.g., elongated ridges having a semi-circular cross-sectional shape on one side and a flat shape on an opposing side), other elongated ridge-shaped protrusions, or protrusions with other shapes. 
     Fluid  46  may be a gas such as air, nitrogen, argon, or other gaseous substance or may be a liquid such as water, oil, a non-flammable fluorocarbon liquid that does not conduct electricity, a gel such as silicone gel, or other suitable fluid that may be pressurized by compression of dome  52 . Force sensor housing  44  forms a cavity that is filled with fluid  46 . This cavity may include fluid-filled channel CH and is in communication with dome  52  and pressure sensor  48 . The walls of housing  44  may be configured so that channel CH has a circular cross-sectional shape, a half-cylinder shape, or other shape in which any plane normal to fluid-filled channel CH intersects the channel with an arc such as a circular arc, or other cross-sectional shape that helps channel CH resist expansion under pressure. In this way, channel CH may help convey fluid pressure changes due to compression of dome  52  to pressure sensor  48  for measurement. Fluid-filled sensing protrusions such as dome  52  can have a dome shape, a half-cylinder shape, or other fluid-filled shape in which any plane normal to the fluid-filled protrusion intersects the protrusion with an arc such as a circular arc. As an example, fluid-filled sensing protrusions can include half-cylinder portions that form semi-circular channels (e.g., channels where the cross-sectional shape includes a circular arc). 
     Pressure sensor  48  may be formed from an absolute or differential pressure sensor such as a microelectromechanical systems (MEMs) pressure sensor. Housing  44  may be formed from polymer, metal, glass, ceramic, and/or other materials and may include flexible and/or rigid structures. To facilitate flexibility in dome  52 , portions of housing  44  such as the portion of housing  44  that forms dome  52  may be formed from flexible material such silicone, urethane, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon (polyamide), and/or other flexible polymer. When the force sensing element formed from dome  52  is compressed in direction  58 , fluid  46  is pressurized within the cavity formed in force sensor housing  44 . This causes fluid  46  to press against pressure sensor  48  in direction  60 . 
     During operation of system  8 , pressure sensor  48  produces output data (e.g., a pressure output signal) that is processed by processing circuitry in control circuitry  12 . The output signal from pressure sensor  48  is indicative of the amount of force applied to collapsible dome  52 , so this output signal serves as a measure of the amount of force detected by the force sensor formed from pressure sensor  48  and collapsible dome  52  (e.g., the output of sensor  48  serves as a force measurement output signal for the force sensor of device  10 ). The force sensor output signal from sensor  48  may be supplied to control circuitry  12  and, if desired, control circuitry  12  may use wireless or wired communications circuitry (e.g., circuitry  14 ) to transmit the force sensor measurement information from device  10  to device(s)  24  (e.g., wirelessly or via a wired link). 
     Force measurements may be used to control the operation of device  10  and/or device(s)  24 . For example, force measurements that are gathered by device  10  and that are transmitted wirelessly or via a wired path(s) to device(s)  24  may serve as user input for controlling device(s)  24  while device(s)  24  and/or devices  10  present images, audio output, haptic output, and/or other output to a user. The user may be, as an example, interacting with a computer-generated-reality environment that is created by system  8  (e.g., device  10  may gather force input to control a computer-generated-reality system). 
     If desired, the force sensing circuitry of device  10  may be provided with capacitive force sensing circuitry. For example, metal traces  54  may be formed on the inner and/or outer surfaces of dome  52  and opposing portions of the walls of housing  44  to form a capacitive force sensor. Metal traces  52  may, for example, include upper and lower capacitive sensor electrodes that are coupled to capacitive sensor circuitry  56 . Circuitry  56  may use the capacitive sensor electrodes to measure capacitance changes that result when the spacing between the upper and lower electrodes is varied due to deformation of dome  52 . 
     Measurements from a capacitive force sensor circuit of the type shown in  FIG. 6  may be used in place of pressure sensor measurements with pressure sensor  48  and/or may be used in addition to pressure sensor measurements made with pressure sensor  48 . As an example, one or more pressure sensors  48  may be coupled to one or more corresponding rows (or columns) of one or more domes  52  using one or more corresponding fluid-filled channels CH running along a first dimension and one or more columns (or rows) of capacitive force sensor electrodes running along a second dimension that is orthogonal to the first dimension may be used in making capacitive force sensor measurements. In this way, fluid-based force sensing may be used in providing a first dimension of spatial discrimination for the force sensor of device  10  and capacitive-based force sensing may be used in providing a second dimension of spatial for the force sensor of device  10 . A spatially addressable two-dimensional force sensor of this type may use both capacitive and fluid-based sensing to provide force measurements over a desired surface area of device  10 . If desired, a one-dimensional force sensor or a single element force sensor may use both capacitive and fluid-based sensing. Arrangements with only capacitive sensing or only fluid-based sensing may also be used. The foregoing examples are illustrative. 
     The force sensor of device  10  may, if desired, be enclosed on one or more sides by an outer housing structure such as housing  42  and may be coupled to housing  42  and supported by housing  42  during operation of device  10 . Polymer, metal, wood, other natural materials such as natural fibers of cotton, wool, or silk, polymer fibers such as rayon fibers, and/or other fibers, ceramic, glass, foam formed from polymer or other materials, and/or other materials (e.g., sheets of these materials, fabric formed from these materials, frame members and other members made from these materials, shell members, foam inserts located between a user&#39;s body part and other portions of device  10  and/or other structure such as a foam layer located between a user&#39;s foot and the sole of a shoe being worn by a user, etc.) may be used in forming wearable device housing  42 . Housing  42  may form an exterior covering, an internal frame, and/or other support structures for device  10 . If desired, force sensor housing  44  may be mounted partly or completely within a cavity formed in the interior of the housing walls that form housing  42  and may be coupled to housing  42  using adhesive or other attachment structures. In some arrangements, openings may be formed in device housing  42  (e.g., to allow domes  52  to directly contact body part  40  and/or other external objects). For example, housing  42  may have a portion that covers housing  44  and may have an opening that allows one or more domes  52  to be exposed while facing and contacting the user&#39;s body and/or domes  52  and other portions of a force sensor may be mounted in an inwardly facing configuration on an inner surface of housing  42  (as examples). If desired, a thin flexible fabric covering or other flexible layer in housing  42  may be interposed between domes  52  and the user&#39;s body. 
     A cross-sectional side view of an illustrative arrangement for forming fluid-based force sensing circuitry for device  10  is shown in  FIG. 7A . As shown in  FIG. 7A , force sensor housing  44  may have a first portion such as portion  44 - 1  that is coupled to a second portion such as portion  44 - 2 . Portions  44 - 1  and  44 - 2  may be formed from flexible material and/or rigid material (e.g., rigid material linked by flexible hinges, etc.). By forming housing  44  at least partly using flexible materials, the force sensor of  FIG. 7A  may be comfortably worn close to the user&#39;s body while bending to accommodate changes in the shape of body part  40  during use of device  10 . 
     Portion  44 - 1  and portion  44 - 2  may be different portions of a single unitary structure (e.g., a molded polymer part) or portions  44 - 1  and  44 - 2  may be separate structures (e.g., separate polymer layers) that are joined using attachment structures  64 . Structures  64  may be formed from adhesive (e.g., polymer adhesive), polymer welds (e.g., joints formed from molten and/or softened parts of portions  44 - 1  and  44 - 2 ), and/or other attachment structures. 
     Fluid-filled channels such as channel CH of  FIG. 6  and  FIG. 7A  may be characterized by a length L and diameter D 1 . Channel CH may have a circular cross-sectional shape (e.g., to resist expansion when fluid  46  is pressurized) and/or other suitable cross-sectional shape. The value of length L may be larger than diameter D 1  (e.g., L may be at least two times D 1 , at least 5 times D 1 , at least 15 times D 1 , at least 40 times D 1 , at least 1000 times D 1 , less than 10,000 D 1 , less than 2000 D 1 , less than 500 times D 1 , etc.). The value of D 1  may be at least 1 micron, at least 10 microns, at least 100 microns, at least 1 mm, at least 10 mm, less than 5 mm, less than 500 microns, less than 200 microns, less than 75 microns, less than 25 microns, or other suitable size. Channel CH may be coupled to pressure sensor  48  through an opening in portion  44 - 1  such as opening  62  (e.g., an opening with a size of at least 1 micron, at least 50 microns, at least 1 mm, less than 5 mm, less than 700 microns, less than 200 microns, or other suitable size). Channel CH may be coupled to one or more domes  52  (e.g., two domes in the example of  FIG. 7A ) and may therefore be used in supplying pressured fluid  46  to sensor  48  due to compression of any one or more of these domes  52 . 
     Domes  52  may have a circular footprint (outline when viewed from above). The lateral dimension of domes  52  (e.g., diameter D 2 ) may be at least 1 micron, at least 10 microns, at least 100 microns, at least 1 mm, at least 5 mm, less than 10 mm, less than 4 mm, less than 700 microns, less than 400 microns, less than 250 microns, less than 120 microns, less than 70 microns, less than 30 microns, less than 15 microns, less than 7 microns, or other suitable size. The height H of domes  52  may be less than 75% of D 2 , less than 70% of D 2 , less than 50% of D 2 , or less than 15% of D 2  (as examples). Other dome heights may be used, if desired. Domes  52  may have a hemispherical shape or other suitable protruding shape that collapses under applied pressure and that returns to its uncollapsed shape when pressure is removed (e.g., with minimal lag). The thickness T of the walls of housing  44  may be at least 1 micron, at least 10 microns, at least 100 microns, at least 1 mm, at least 4 mm, less than 5 mm, less than 500 microns, less than 50 microns, less than 5 microns, or other suitable thickness. 
     In some configurations, fluid  46  may be air. To help equalize the pressure of the air in the cavity formed from force sensor housing  44  relative to ambient air pressure (e.g., the air pressure of the operating environment for device  10 ), housing  44  may have a pressure equalization opening such as opening  63 . Opening  63  may be a through-hole opening that is unfilled with any material, may have a porous filler structure such as a fabric plug (e.g., a fabric formed from polytetrafluoroethylene or other polymer that is sufficiently porous to allow air to pass while helping to prevent ingress of moisture or other contaminants into the cavity within housing  44 ), and/or may have any other suitable configuration that allows air pressure to equalize between the interior of housing  44  and the exterior of housing  44  when device  10  is moved between environments of different pressures. 
     To prevent excessive air pressure leakage from the cavity in housing  44  that might reduce force measurement accuracy by pressure sensor  48  when dome  52  is depressed, the amount of air flow through pressure equalization openings such as opening  63  may be restricted. For example, consider an example in which ambient pressure transitions from 0.75 atm to 1 atm in time T. Opening  63  can be configured so that this 0.25 atm difference in air pressure can be accommodated within time T (e.g., so that the cavity air pressure will reach 1 atm after starting at 0.75 atm within time T), provided that time T is at least 10 s, at least 1 m, at least 1 hour, less than 2 hours, less than 0.5 hours, less than 10 m, less than 100 s, less than 5 s, or other suitable value. 
       FIG. 7B  shows how housing portion  44 - 1  and housing portion  44 - 2  may have protruding portions that form mating halves of channel CH. For example, channel CH may have a circular cross-sectional shape and housing portions  44 - 1  and  44 - 2  may have mating half-cylinder protrusions that form channel CH. In the example of  FIG. 7C , portion  44 - 1  has a semicircular protrusion for forming channel CH and portion  44 - 2  has a planar shape. As shown in the illustrative configuration of  FIG. 7D , channel CH may have a circular or nearly circular cross-sectional shape that is formed entirely or almost entirely from portion  44 - 1 , whereas portion  44 - 2  may have a planar shape or other suitable shape that is used in sealing the lower edge of channel CH. Other arrangements and/or combinations of these arrangements may be used, if desired. The examples of  FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D  are merely illustrative. 
     If desired, sensor  48  may be mounted to a substrate such as a rigid printed circuit. This type of arrangement is shown in  FIG. 8 . In the example of  FIG. 8 , pressure sensor  48  is mounted (e.g., with solder, etc.) to metal traces that form signal lines in a printed circuit such as printed circuit  69 . A connector on printed circuit  69  may be used to couple the signal paths in the printed circuit to integrated circuits and other components (e.g., control circuitry  12 ) that are mounted on other printed circuits in device  10 . Printed circuit  69  may form force sensor housing structures for the force sensor. 
     Flexible housing member attachment structure  71  may be attached to printed circuit  69  using adhesive, by molding attachment structure  71  to printed circuit  69 , or using other attachment mechanisms. Structure  71  may be formed from molded rigid polymer or other suitable material. Force sensor housing portion  44 - 1  may be a flexible polymer member with a flexible protruding portion  73  that stretches over and squeezes against recessed portions of attachment structure  71  such as recessed (grooved) surface  66  of attachment structure  71 , thereby holding portion  44 - 1  to printed circuit  69  while forming a seal for the cavity of force sensor housing  44  that retains fluid  46 . If desired, sealant  68  (e.g., polymer adhesive) may be used in sealing the joint formed along surfaces  66 . An optional band such as elastic band  70  may be stretched around housing portion  44 - 1  and printed circuit  69  to help hold portion  44 - 1  and printed circuit  69  together. Portion  44 - 1  may have a channel structure CH′ that communicates with channel CH of  FIG. 7A  (as an example). 
     If desired, wearable device  10  may include haptic output devices. For example, haptic output may be provided to a user with device  10  by coupling a haptic output component to force sensor housing  44  and/or other support structures in device  10  such as exterior housing  42  ( FIG. 6 ). In the illustrative configuration of  FIG. 9 , haptic output is provided to body part  40  of a user by selectively pressurizing fluid  46  in channel CH, thereby forcing domes  52  outward in direction  80  against body part  40 . Control circuitry  12  may, for example, direct a solenoid or other haptic component such as haptic output device  20  to extend plunger  76  momentarily into fluid  46  in direction  78 , thereby creating a momentary pulse in the pressure of fluid  46  and expanding domes  52  outwardly (away from channel CH) in direction  80  toward body part  40 . This approach may be used to create vibrations and/or other haptic output as domes  52  are in direct or indirect contact with body part  40 . Solenoids and/or other haptic output devices that can selectively pressurize fluid  46  may also be used to create slowly varying pressure changes in fluid  46  (e.g., to tighten device  10  about a user&#39;s body or too loosen device  10  such as when housing  42  is configured to form a band or strap that surrounds body part  40 ). If desired, pressure measurements with pressure sensor  48  may be temporarily halted during pressurization of fluid  46  with haptic output device (component)  20  and/or measurements with pressure sensor  48  may be performed when fluid  46  is being pressurized by an electrically controlled actuator such as device  20 . 
     As shown in the top view of the illustrative force sensor housing  44  of  FIG. 10 , force sensor housing  44  may be configured to form a network of interconnected channels CH and domes  52 . By spreading out the locations of domes  52 , force may be sensed over a desired enlarged surface area of device  10 . Domes  52  may be arranged in one-dimensional arrays (e.g., linear sets of domes may be used), may be formed in two-dimensional arrays (e.g., rows and columns of domes  52  may cover some or all of the exposed surfaces of device  10 ), and/or other patterns of compressible fluid-filled force sensor protrusions may be used. The pattern of channels and domes of  FIG. 10  is illustrative. Any suitable patterns for the fluid-filled cavity structures of housing  44  may be used, if desired. 
       FIG. 11  is a cross-sectional end view of device  10  in an illustrative configuration in which force sensor housing  44  has a first set of fluid-filled domes  52  (domes  52 L) that are coupled to a first pressure sensor  48 L on the left-hand side of a user&#39;s finger (body part  40 ) and in which force sensor housing  44  has an independent second set of fluid-filled domes  52  (domes  52 R) that are coupled to a second pressure sensor  48 R on the right-hand side of the user&#39;s finger. With this type of arrangement, for example, forces can be measured when a user rolls the finger pad of the user&#39;s finger slightly to the left or right while pressing the finger against an external object (e.g., the sensor can detect the magnitudes of the forces on both sides of a user&#39;s finger and thus can measure finger rotation as the user&#39;s finger presses against a surface). External device housing  42  (e.g., a fabric layer, a polymer wall, and/or other housing structures) may be used to cover the force sensor structures formed from housing  44 . 
       FIG. 12  is a side view of device  10  in an illustrative configuration in which body part  40  is a user&#39;s hand. As shown in  FIG. 12 , housing  44  may have domes  52  that cover the underside of the user&#39;s fingers and, if desired, cover the palm of the user&#39;s hand. Channel CH may be configured so that pressure sensor  48  can be located in a portion of device  10  that is not typically compressed as a user touches external objects. For example, housing structures  44  may be arranged so that pressure sensor  48  can be located above fingernail  40 F on the upper surface of the user&#39;s fingertip. Device housing  42  may support housing structures  44 , as described in connection with  FIGS. 6 and 11 . 
     Device housing  42  may, in general, be configured to support housing  44  and domes  52  so that domes  52  face the user&#39;s skin or other portion of body part  40  when device housing  42  is being worn by the user. For example, when device  10  is a glove or other device that is worn on a user&#39;s hand or finger, housing  42  may be configured to be worn on the user&#39;s hand or finger and housing  44  may be coupled to housing  42  in an orientation that causes domes  52  to face the skin of the user&#39;s hand or finger for direct or indirect contact with the user&#39;s hand or finger. In this way, forces created between the skin of the user&#39;s hand or finger can collapse domes  52  when device housing  42  and device  10  are pressed against external objects by the user&#39;s hand or finger. As domes  52  collapse, fluid  46  is pressurized and the increase in pressure due to the collapse of domes  52  is conveyed via fluid  46  to pressure sensor  48  so that pressure sensor  48  can produce a corresponding force sensor output signal for use by control circuitry  12  and, following wired or wireless transmission by communications circuitry  14 , for use by control circuitry  26  of device  24 . 
     If desired, device housing  42  may be configured to be worn on a user&#39;s foot (e.g., with domes  52  oriented to face the sole of the user&#39;s foot or other skin on the user&#39;s foot). The force sensor in this type of arrangement may provide circuitry in system  8  with information on the steps taken by the user, the user&#39;s running pace, and/or other foot force sensor information. Housing  42  can also be configured to be worn on a user&#39;s head (e.g., to measure head band pressure or other force between device  10  and the user&#39;s head) and/or may be worn on other body parts. 
     If desired, device  10  may be used to gather physiological measurements. For example, housing  42  may have a ring shape (e.g., housing  42  may form a circular band, wristwatch strap, or other housing structure with an opening that receives a user&#39;s arm, wrist, leg, ankle, finger, or other body part in which blood flows). In arrangements in which housing  42  is configured to be worn on a user&#39;s arm, wrist, leg, ankle, finger, or other body part in which blood flows, the force sensor may measure force variations on domes  52  by monitoring for corresponding fluid pressure fluctuations at pressure sensor  48  to measure blood pressure, heart rate, or other physiological attributes of the user. 
     In the example of  FIG. 13 , housing portion  44 - 1  has been coupled to attachment structure  71  so that pressure sensor  48 , which is mounted to printed circuit  69 , is coupled to the fluid-filled cavity in force sensor housing  44 . As shown in  FIG. 13 , domes  52  have been formed in housing portion  44 - 2 , which is coupled to housing portion  44 - 1  to form flexible force sensor housing  44 . Locally thinned regions of housing  44  may be formed in regions  90  between respective pairs of collapsible force sensor elements such as domes  52  to facilitate bending of housing  44  during use of the force sensor to gather force sensor measurements while device  10  is being worn on a body part of a user. 
     In the example of  FIG. 14 , housing  42  includes fabric. The fabric may be formed from intertwined strands of material. The strands of material may be formed from polymer (e.g., rayon), metal, natural materials such as cotton, wool, silk, other materials, and/or combinations of these materials. Strand in the fabric may be intertwined by weaving, knitting, braiding, and/or other strand intertwining techniques. As shown in  FIG. 14 , for example, strands in the fabric of housing  42  may include woven warp strands  42 A and weft strands  42 B. This is illustrative. Fabric for housing  42  may include knit strands, braided strands, and/or other strands of material. Layers of polymer and/or other materials may be incorporated into housing  42  (e.g., inside and/or outside of one or more layers of fabric). There may be more than one type of fluid in the interior of the sensor. For example, fluid  46  in  FIG. 14  may include first portion  46 B that fills a region of channel CH that is adjacent to pressure sensor  48  and second portion  46 A that fills the remainder of channel CH and protrusion  52 . First portion  46 B may be air or other fluid (e.g., an air bubble) and second portion  46 A may be a liquid, gel, or other fluid. 
       FIG. 15  is a perspective view of an illustrative half-cylinder shape that may be used in forming some or all of channel CH and/or that may be used in forming some or all of a fluid-filled protrusion (e.g., in addition to or instead of using dome  52 ). In general, channel CH and/or the fluid-filled protrusion(s) of device  10  may have any suitable shape such as a cross-sectional shape in which any plane that is normal to the fluid-filled structure intersects the structure with a circular arc. 
     As described above, one aspect of the present technology is the gathering and use of information such as sensor information. The present disclosure contemplates that in some instances, data may be gathered that includes personal information data that uniquely identifies or can be used to contact or locate a specific person. Such personal information data can include demographic data, location-based data, telephone numbers, email addresses, twitter ID&#39;s, home addresses, data or records relating to a user&#39;s health or level of fitness (e.g., vital signs measurements, medication information, exercise information), date of birth, username, password, biometric information, or any other identifying or personal information. 
     The present disclosure recognizes that the use of such personal information, in the present technology, can be used to the benefit of users. For example, the personal information data can be used to deliver targeted content that is of greater interest to the user. Accordingly, use of such personal information data enables users to calculated control of the delivered content. Further, other uses for personal information data that benefit the user are also contemplated by the present disclosure. For instance, health and fitness data may be used to provide insights into a user&#39;s general wellness, or may be used as positive feedback to individuals using technology to pursue wellness goals. 
     The present disclosure contemplates that the entities responsible for the collection, analysis, disclosure, transfer, storage, or other use of such personal information data will comply with well-established privacy policies and/or privacy practices. In particular, such entities should implement and consistently use privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining personal information data private and secure. Such policies should be easily accessible by users, and should be updated as the collection and/or use of data changes. Personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable uses of the entity and not shared or sold outside of those legitimate uses. Further, such collection/sharing should occur after receiving the informed consent of the users. Additionally, such entities should consider taking any needed steps for safeguarding and securing access to such personal information data and ensuring that others with access to the personal information data adhere to their privacy policies and procedures. Further, such entities can subject themselves to evaluation by third parties to certify their adherence to widely accepted privacy policies and practices. In addition, policies and practices should be adapted for the particular types of personal information data being collected and/or accessed and adapted to applicable laws and standards, including jurisdiction-specific considerations. For instance, in the United States, collection of or access to certain health data may be governed by federal and/or state laws, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), whereas health data in other countries may be subject to other regulations and policies and should be handled accordingly. Hence different privacy practices should be maintained for different personal data types in each country. 
     Despite the foregoing, the present disclosure also contemplates embodiments in which users selectively block the use of, or access to, personal information data. That is, the present disclosure contemplates that hardware and/or software elements can be provided to prevent or block access to such personal information data. For example, the present technology can be configured to allow users to select to “opt in” or “opt out” of participation in the collection of personal information data during registration for services or anytime thereafter. In another example, users can select not to provide certain types of user data. In yet another example, users can select to limit the length of time user-specific data is maintained. In addition to providing “opt in” and “opt out” options, the present disclosure contemplates providing notifications relating to the access or use of personal information. For instance, a user may be notified upon downloading an application (“app”) that their personal information data will be accessed and then reminded again just before personal information data is accessed by the app. 
     Moreover, it is the intent of the present disclosure that personal information data should be managed and handled in a way to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use. Risk can be minimized by limiting the collection of data and deleting data once it is no longer needed. In addition, and when applicable, including in certain health related applications, data de-identification can be used to protect a user&#39;s privacy. De-identification may be facilitated, when appropriate, by removing specific identifiers (e.g., date of birth, etc.), controlling the amount or specificity of data stored (e.g., collecting location data at a city level rather than at an address level), controlling how data is stored (e.g., aggregating data across users), and/or other methods. 
     Therefore, although the present disclosure broadly covers use of information that may include personal information data to implement one or more various disclosed embodiments, the present disclosure also contemplates that the various embodiments can also be implemented without the need for accessing personal information data. That is, the various embodiments of the present technology are not rendered inoperable due to the lack of all or a portion of such personal information data. 
     The foregoing is merely illustrative and various modifications can be made to the described embodiments. The foregoing embodiments may be implemented individually or in any combination.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20191108
Publication Date: 20220301
Grant Date: 20220301
Priority Date: 20190116
Inventors: HOEN, STORRS T.
CREWS, KATHRYN P.
Smith, J. Stephen
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F3/014", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/011", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B2562/168", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B2562/028", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B2562/0247", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/7455", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/681", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/6807", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/6806", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/6803", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/1125", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/02438", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/02141", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B2027/014", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B2562/0219", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/163", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/011", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/1118", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/017", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/02438", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/681", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/011", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/017", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/681", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/1118", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B2562/0219", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A61B5/02438", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/163", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 80442497