PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11347189-B1
Application Number: US-201916368613-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B1

Title: Watch having a camera

Abstract:
A watch having a camera is disclosed. The watch can include a housing having a front side, a back side, and an attachment interface configured to couple to a watch band. A camera can be mounted to the housing and configured to capture a picture of a scene through the back side of the housing. A display can be visible through the front side of the housing and configured to display the picture.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A watch comprising:
 a housing having a front side, a back side opposite the front side, and an attachment interface configured to couple to a watch band; 
 a camera mounted to the housing and configured to capture a picture of a scene through the back side of the housing; and 
 a display visible through the front side of the housing and configured to display the picture. 
 
     
     
       2. The watch of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a light emitter configured to illuminate the scene when the housing is removed from a wrist and illuminate the wrist for physiological sensing when the housing is worn on the wrist. 
 
     
     
       3. The watch of  claim 2 , wherein the light emitter is configured to illuminate the scene with a first spectral band of light in connection with the capture of the picture and illuminate the wrist with a second spectral band of light different from the first spectral band in connection with the physiological sensing. 
     
     
       4. The watch of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a light emitter configured to illuminate a wrist when the housing is worn on the wrist; 
 wherein the camera comprises an image sensor and a lens configured to focus an image of the scene onto the image sensor when the housing is removed from the wrist; and 
 wherein the image sensor is configured to detect reflected light from the wrist for physiological sensing when the housing is worn on the wrist. 
 
     
     
       5. The watch of  claim 4 , wherein the image sensor is configured to operate in a first power mode to capture the picture and operate in a second power mode having lower power consumption than the first power mode to detect the reflected light for physiological sensing. 
     
     
       6. The watch of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the housing comprises a front cover disposed on the front side and a back cover disposed on the back side; 
 the display is configured to display the picture through the front cover; and 
 the camera is configured capture the picture through the back cover. 
 
     
     
       7. The watch of  claim 6 , further comprising:
 a physiological sensor disposed in an area beside the camera; 
 wherein the physiological sensor is configured to obtain a measurement of a wrist when the back cover is coupled to the wrist; and 
 wherein the camera is configured to capture the picture when the back cover is removed from the wrist. 
 
     
     
       8. The watch of  claim 7 , wherein the physiological sensor includes an optical device configured to emit and detect light through the back cover. 
     
     
       9. An assembly for a watch, the assembly comprising:
 an image sensor; and 
 a dial rotatable with respect to the image sensor, 
 wherein the image sensor is configured to capture an image of a scene outside of the watch through an aperture of the dial and configured to detect a rotation of the dial with respect to the image sensor. 
 
     
     
       10. The assembly of  claim 9 , wherein the image sensor is disposed on a first side of the dial and the image sensor is configured to view a scene on a second side of the dial opposite to the first side. 
     
     
       11. The watch of  claim 9 , wherein the image sensor is configured to operate in a first power mode to capture the image and operate in a second power mode having lower power consumption than the first power mode to detect the rotation. 
     
     
       12. The assembly of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the dial includes a marking; and 
 the image sensor is configured to detect a rotation of the marking. 
 
     
     
       13. The assembly of  claim 12 , wherein:
 the dial includes an outer region disposed around the aperture; 
 the marking is disposed in the outer region; and 
 the image sensor is configured to detect the rotation of the dial by optically sensing movement of the marking and capture the image through the dial by optically sensing a scene through the aperture. 
 
     
     
       14. The assembly of  claim 13 , further comprising a lens disposed in the aperture. 
     
     
       15. The assembly of  claim 9 , further comprising:
 a housing, wherein the image sensor is fixed relative to the housing and the dial is mounted rotatably with respect to the housing. 
 
     
     
       16. The assembly of  claim 15 , wherein:
 the housing has a front side, a back side opposite to the front side, and a sidewall adjoining the front side and the back side; 
 the dial is disposed on the sidewall; and 
 the assembly includes an electronic display configured to present a graphic through the front side and modify the graphic in response to the rotation detected by the image sensor. 
 
     
     
       17. The assembly of  claim 16 , wherein the electronic display is further configured to present the image captured by the image sensor. 
     
     
       18. A watch comprising:
 a housing having an attachment interface, comprising a channel for releasably receiving an end of a watch band, wherein a portion of the channel is formed by a window; and 
 an image sensor disposed within the housing and configured to capture an image through the window. 
 
     
     
       19. The watch of  claim 18 , wherein the window includes an integrated lens. 
     
     
       20. The watch of  claim 18 , wherein the window comprises a solid transparent material forming a seal against a sidewall of the housing.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/733,012, entitled “WATCH HAVING A CAMERA,” filed Sep. 18, 2018, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present description relates generally to electronic wearable devices, and more particularly, to a watch having a camera. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Wearable electronic devices, such as watches, fitness trackers, and other wrist-worn devices, can be attractive choices for users due to their portability, aesthetic appeal, or potential to provide new functionalities over traditional electronic products. Typically, wearable electronic devices include internal electronics, such as one or more processors, housed within an assembly containing one or more input/output (I/O) devices that interface externally with the user, such as a display, a sensor, or the like. However, it remains a significant challenge to integrate many I/O devices within the practical constraints of a wearable device package, which may be small in size or designed for aesthetic appeal and wearable functionality. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Certain features of the subject technology are set forth in the appended claims. However, for purpose of explanation, several embodiments of the subject technology are set forth in the following figures. 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a watch, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram of a watch, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of a watch worn on a user&#39;s wrist, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4  is a cross section view of an assembly for a watch, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 5  is a plan view of the assembly from  FIG. 4 . 
         FIG. 6  is an illustration of a watch housing held by a user&#39;s hand to take a picture, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 7  is a cross section view of a watch having a back-facing camera, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 8  is a cross section view of a watch having a back-facing camera and a physiological sensor when worn on a user&#39;s wrist, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 9  is a cross section view of the watch from  FIG. 8  during scene capture, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 10  is a cross section view of a watch having an image sensor configured to capture pictures and detect a physiological signal, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 11  is a cross section view of a watch having light emitter configure to illuminate a scene for picture capture and illuminate a wrist for physiological sensing, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 12  is a perspective view of a watch having a camera window integrated with a watch band attachment interface, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 13  is another view of the watch from  FIG. 12 , in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 14  is a perspective view of a watch having a lens component integrated with a housing, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 15  is a cut away view of the watch from  FIG. 14 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The detailed description set forth below is intended as a description of various configurations of the subject technology and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the subject technology may be practiced. The appended drawings are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the detailed description. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the subject technology. However, it will be clear and apparent to those skilled in the art that the subject technology is not limited to the specific details set forth herein and may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the subject technology. 
     The following disclosure relates to a watch having a camera. According to some embodiments, a watch can include a rotatable dial, such as a rotatable crown used for digital inputs. A camera can be included in the assembly to allow for images to be captured through an aperture extending through the dial. A lens can be integrated within the aperture and/or behind the aperture of the dial to focus an image of a scene. An image sensor disposed behind the aperture can further be configured to detect movement of a marking on the dial to allow the image sensor to function both as a camera for capturing pictures of a scene, and as a sensor that detects rotation of the dial for sensing rotational inputs. Accordingly, a camera can be integrated in a relatively compact watch housing package, and the multi-purposed functionality of the camera image sensor can avoid a need for a separate sensing component on the dial. 
     Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments a camera can be implemented as a back-facing camera configured capture pictures through a back side of a watch housing. Although the wrist may occlude the camera from taking pictures of a scene when the watch housing is worn on the wrist, the housing may be removable from the wrist via a release mechanism in the attachment interface, or by removing the housing together with the watch band, to capture pictures with the back-facing camera. A display presented through a front side of the housing can be used to display pictures captured with the camera concurrently to help guide the user in the picture taking task, while the back-facing camera may provide a convenient location for assembling a camera in what may be an otherwise small and compact watch housing assembly. Additionally or alternatively, the back-facing camera may permit components associated with the camera operation such as an image sensor and/or a camera flash to be multi-purposed for optical heart rate monitoring or other physiological sensing applications when the watch is worn on the wrist. Accordingly, a convenient and compact watch assembly having multiple functions may be achieved. 
     These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to  FIGS. 1-15 . However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these Figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an example of an electronic device  100 , such as a watch. While embodiments discussed herein are described with reference to a watch, it will be appreciated that the teachings relating to a watch can be applied to other electronic devices, including other wearable and/or portable computing devices. Examples include cell phones, smart phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, timekeeping devices, computerized glasses, headphones, head mounted displays, wearable navigation devices, sports devices, accessory devices, health-monitoring devices, medical devices, electronic bracelets and other jewelry. Hereinafter device  100  will be referred to as watch  100 . 
     The watch  100  shown in  FIG. 1  is implemented as a wrist-worn device having a housing  102  and a band  104 . The band  104  is configured to wrap around a wrist of a user to secure the device in place on the user&#39;s body. The band  104  is coupled to the housing  102  to permit the housing  102  to be worn on the user&#39;s body together with the band  104 . 
     With reference to  FIG. 1 , the housing  102  provides a structure that serves to enclose and support one or more internal components of the watch, such as, for example, one or more integrated circuit chips, circuit boards, display devices, batteries, memory devices, or other functional components. It is contemplated that the housing can in general be implemented as any suitable structure that serves to enclose functional and/or operative components of the device, such as a watch, and that can be directly or indirectly coupled to the band  104  to permit the housing to be worn on the user&#39;s body. Although shown in  FIG. 1  with a generally rectangular structure providing a rectangular footprint, it is contemplated that the housing  102  can have any appropriate size or shape, such as round, hexagonal, square, or other shapes. 
     In some embodiments, for example as shown in  FIG. 1 , the housing  102  can provide main casing or casing assembly that provides an external structural framework of the watch  100  with which the user can directly interact. The housing  102  and each component of the housing  102  can have a front side  117  and a back side  119  opposite to the front side  117 , which are oriented as generally shown by the dotted line in  FIG. 1 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , the housing  102  can include a perimeter sidewall  108  adjoining a front cover  116  and a back cover  118 . The front cover  116  can be disposed on a front side  117  of the sidewall  108  and a front side  117  of the housing  102 , while the back cover  118  can be disposed on a back side  119  of the sidewall  108  and the housing  102  that is opposite to the front side  117 . Internal components can be disposed in an interior cavity between the front cover  116  and the back cover  118 , while the sidewall  108  can extend peripherally or circumferentially around the interior cavity and internal components contained therein. 
     It is contemplated that the front cover  116 , back cover  118 , and sidewall  108  can each be made from discrete components or pieces that are attached or otherwise assembled together. Alternatively, it is contemplated that any two or more of the housing components can be integrally formed from a substantially monolithic structure to provide for the desired enclosure and/or support framework. It is also contemplated that any one of the front cover  116 , the back cover  118 , and the sidewall  108  can be made from multiple discrete pieces, layers, or other components that are attached or otherwise assembled together. In some embodiments, the housing  102  or any one or more parts of the housing  102  can be made from rigid materials. Examples of rigid materials that can be utilized for the housing  102  include glass, ceramics, crystalline materials such as sapphire, aluminum, steel, and/or plastics. 
     In some embodiments, for example as shown in  FIG. 1 , one or more external functional components such as input/output (I/O) devices can be supported by or coupled to the housing  102  to allow for manipulation by or other interaction with a user. As used herein, “I/O device” refers to any user interface device configured to receive input from a user and/or provide output to a user. “Input device” as used herein refers to any user interface device configured to receive input from a user and which may or may not be configured to provide output. “Output device” as used herein refers to any user interface device configured to provide output to a user and which may or may not be configured to receive input. For example, the watch  100  can include one or more buttons  114  disposed externally on or as part of the housing  102 . The buttons  114  can, for example, be implemented as mechanical push buttons or touch-sensitive buttons. Additionally or alternatively, the watch  100  can include a rotatable dial  112  disposed externally on the housing  102 . The rotatable dial  112  can be disposed rotatably with respect to the sidewall  108 , and configured to provide for scrolling, sliding, or user interface (UI) navigation inputs. The dial  112  can be implemented as a digital crown in which mechanical rotation of the dial  112  provides for electronic input functionality to the watch  100 . The button  114  and dial  112  are examples of I/O devices configured to interact with a user, and more particularly, are examples of input devices configured to receive input from a user for providing one or more functional inputs to the watch  100 . It is contemplated that the I/O devices disposed on or supported by the housing can be positioned on the sidewall  108 , as shown in  FIG. 1 , or positioned in any other suitable location on the housing. 
     With respect to the example shown in  FIG. 1  and the frame of reference of a watch or wrist-worn device, the back cover  118  and back side  119  correspond to a side of the housing  102  and the watch  100  that faces a wrist of the user when the watch  100  is worn on the wrist. More generally, the back cover  118  and the back side  119  can face a body part of the user when the wearable device is worn on the body part. The front cover  116  and front side  117  correspond to a side of the housing  102  and the watch that face away from the wrist of the user. More generally, the front cover  116  and the front side  117  can face away from a body part of a user when the wearable device is worn on the body part. A display can be provided to present images or output various graphical information on or through the front side  117  of the housing  102  and through the front cover  116 . In some embodiments, the front cover  116  can provide an input surface for a touch-sensitive device included in or overlapping with the display, such as a touch screen interface, force sensing device, and/or a fingerprint sensor. The input surface can, for example, permit a user to interact with graphical user interface (GUI) elements presented on the display. It is also contemplated that other wrist-worn devices can omit a display. Additionally or alternatively, it is contemplated that other I/O devices can be included, such as speakers, microphones, gesture interfaces, motion sensors, and the like. 
     The band  104  shown in  FIG. 1  is implemented as a wristband that includes a first band strap  120  and a second band strap  122 . The first band strap  120  and the second band strap  122  can connect to each other through a connector  124  that may, for example, be implemented as a clasp, a buckle, a magnetic attachment, or any other suitable mechanism for adjoining the first band strap  120  to the second band strap  122 . Each of the first band strap  120  and the second band strap  122  can be made from any suitable flexible and/or rigid components that can generally conform to the outer surface of a user&#39;s wrist. Examples include, without limitation, leather, fabrics, rubber, nylon, plastics, and metallic bracelets. It is contemplated that the band  104  can be implemented in numerous different configurations and can generally include any suitable flexible or rigid components that can be removably wrapped around a wrist of a user. For example, in some embodiments the band  104  can omit the connector  124 , such as an implementation having a single continuous watch band loop that is expandable to permit the expanded band  104  to be slid around a user&#39;s hand. Additionally or alternatively, the band  104  can include a sleeve or envelope that overlaps with the housing  102  in whole or in part to couple to the band  104  to the housing and hold the housing  102  in place on the user&#39;s wrist. Various other configurations are possible. Likewise, while the band  104  is implemented as a wristband, it will be appreciated that the teachings of the watch band can be applied to other bands that are configured to wrap around other body parts of a user. 
     The attachment interface  106  shown in  FIG. 1  includes multiple attachment points, and in particular, includes an attachment point on one edge of the housing  102  and another attachment point on an opposing edge of the housing  102  to connect the first band strap  120  to the housing  102  and the second band strap  122  to the housing  102 , respectively. The attachment interface  106  can include, for example, a slot, a lug, a threaded fastener, or any other suitable component to connect the band  104  to the housing  102 . In some embodiments, the attachment interface  106  can provide for a latch, button, magnetic coupling, and/or other mechanism that releasably attaches the band  104  to the housing  102  to permit a user to easily remove the housing  102  from and reattach the housing  102  to the band  104  without a need for special tools. Although multiple attachment points are shown in  FIG. 1 , it is contemplated that other implementations can utilize more attachment points or a single attachment point for connecting the band  104  to the housing  102 . Although the attachment interface  106  is shown disposed on the sidewall  108  in  FIG. 1 , it is contemplated that the attachment interface  106  can be disposed on or coupled to any other feasible location on the housing  102 . 
       FIG. 2  shows a block diagram of watch  100  showing various functional components that may, for example, be housed within the housing  102 . The watch  100  can further include one or more other user interfaces  238  for receiving input from and/or providing output to a user. For example, one or more buttons, dials, crowns, switches, or other devices can be provided for receiving input from a user. The user interface  238  can include a speaker, a microphone, and/or a haptic device. A haptic device can be implemented as any suitable device configured to provide force feedback, vibratory feedback, tactile sensations, and the like. For example, in one embodiment, the haptic device may be implemented as a linear actuator configured to provide a punctuated haptic feedback, such as a tap or a knock. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 2 , the watch  100  includes one or more processing circuit(s)  240  (referred to generally herein as processing circuitry) that is/are configured to perform one or more functions for the watch  100 . By way of example, the processing circuitry can include one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) such as I/O controller ICs, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), discrete circuit elements, and/or other suitably configured electronic circuitry or computing elements. In particular embodiments, the processing circuitry  240  can include, for example, one or more light emitting diode (LED) drivers, image sensor controllers, readout integrated circuits (ROIC), display driver ICs, host processors, and/or other suitable configured circuitry configured to control, process signals from, or otherwise cooperate with one or more I/O devices or I/O device controllers. 
     The processing circuitry can include or be configured to access a memory having instructions stored thereon. The instructions or computer programs may be configured to perform one or more of the operations or functions described with respect to the watch  100 . The processing circuitry  240  can be implemented as an electronic device capable of processing, receiving, or transmitting data, signals, or instructions. As described herein, the term “processing circuitry” is meant to encompass a single processor or processing unit, a single integrated circuit, multiple processors, multiple integrated circuits, multiple processing units, or other suitably configured computing element or elements. The memory can store electronic data that can be used by the watch  100 . For example, a memory can store electrical data or content such as, for example, audio and video files, documents and applications, device settings and user preferences, timing and control signals or data for the various modules, data structures or databases, and so on. The memory can be configured as any type of memory. By way of example only, the memory can be implemented as random access memory, read-only memory, Flash memory, removable memory, or other types of storage elements, or combinations of such devices. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 2 , the watch  100  may include a communication component  242  that facilitates transmission of data and/or power to or from other electronic devices across standardized or proprietary protocols. For example, a communication component  242  can transmit electronic signals via a wireless and/or wired network connection. Examples of wireless and wired network connections include, but are not limited to, cellular, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, infrared, RFID and Ethernet. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 2 , the watch  100  may also include one or more sensors  244 , such as biosensors or physiological sensors, positioned substantially anywhere on the watch  100 . The one or more sensors  244  may be configured to sense substantially any type of characteristic such as, but not limited to, images, pressure, light, touch, force, temperature, position, motion, and so on. For example, the sensor(s)  244  may be a photodetector, a temperature sensor, a light or optical sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a magnet, a gyroscope, an accelerometer, and so on. In some examples, the watch  100  may include one or more health sensors. In some examples, the health sensors can be disposed on or configured to sense through a bottom surface of the watch  100 , such as on or near the back cover  118 . The one or more sensors  244  can include optical and/or electronic biometric sensors that may be used to compute one or more physiological characteristics. A sensor  244  can include a light source and a photodetector to form a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor. Light can be transmitted from the sensor  244 , to the user, and back to the sensor  244 . For example, the back cover  118  or other part of the housing  102  can provide one or more windows (e.g., opening, transmission medium, and/or lens) to transmit light to and/or from the sensor  244 . The optical (e.g., PPG) sensor or sensors may be used to compute various physiological characteristics including, without limitation, a heart rate, a respiration rate, blood oxygenation level, a blood volume estimate, blood pressure, or a combination thereof. One or more of the sensors  244  may also be configured to perform an electrical measurement using one or more electrodes. Additionally or alternatively, a sensor  244  can be configured to measure body temperature, exposure to UV radiation, and other health-related information. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 2 , the watch  100  may include a battery  246  that is used to store and provide power to the other components of the watch  100 . The battery  246  may be a rechargeable power supply that is configured to provide power to the watch  100 . The watch  100  may also be configured to recharge the battery  246  using a wireless charging system using, for example, an electromagnetic device such as an inductive charging coil. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 2 , the watch  100  can include a display  248 . The display can include, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a microLED panel, projector device, or any other suitable electronic display technology or display panel. In some embodiments, the display  248  can be configured to present information relating to other components of the watch  100  as images, video, text, or other graphical information. For example, the display  248  can be configured to present an ECG graph, GSR information, a heart rate, or other information gathered with the sensor(s)  244 . The various components shown in  FIG. 2  can be coupled together or to the processing circuitry  240  via one or more busses, wireless communication links, or other interconnection technologies. 
       FIG. 3  shows an example of a usage of a watch  100  having a camera, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 3  shows an example of the watch  100  as it is worn on a user&#39;s wrist  354 . In the example shown in  FIG. 3 , the watch  100  includes a rotatable dial  112  and camera integrated in or otherwise disposed on the dial  112 . The band  104  is wrapped around the user&#39;s wrist  354  to secure the watch  100  including the housing  102  in place on the user&#39;s body. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , the watch  100  can be worn so that the dial  112  points in a general direction towards the user&#39;s hand and towards the user&#39;s fingers, and away from the user&#39;s forearm and away from the user&#39;s upper arm (not visible in  FIG. 3 ). This is a natural orientation for users to use when wearing a watch with a crown, as it permits the user to more easily rotate or otherwise interact with the crown using their other free hand (not visible in  FIG. 3 ) without having to cross over the main display or body of the watch  100  with their free hand. 
     According to some embodiments, for example as shown in  FIG. 3 , the watch  100  can include a camera integrated with or otherwise disposed on the dial  112  and having a field of view (FOV)  355  extending in the same direction in which the dial  112  points. In particular, and as shown in  FIG. 3 , the FOV  355  of the camera in the example shown in  FIG. 3  points in a general direction towards the user&#39;s hand and fingers of the arm wearing the watch  100 , and away from the user&#39;s forearm and upper arm of the arm wearing the watch  100 . This can permit the user to capture pictures with the camera while the watch  100 , including housing  102  and band  104  remains worn to the user&#39;s wrist  354 . For example, the user may be able to simply point their hand wearing the watch  100  and point the dial  112  towards the scene which they desire to capture with the camera. Alternatively, the user may be able to remove the watch  100  and/or watch housing  102  to take a picture, if desired. 
       FIGS. 4 and 5  show an example of an assembly  401 , such as a watch crown assembly, containing a camera integrated with the rotatable dial  112 , in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 4  shows a cross section view of the assembly  401 , while  FIG. 5  shows the assembly in plan view. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , the assembly  401  can include a rotatable dial  112  containing an aperture  457 . The aperture  457  can include any suitable hole or optical opening that permits light in the wavelengths of interest to propagate through the aperture  457  and be incident on light-sensitive components of the camera. For example, the aperture  457  can include an air gap, transparent solid material or materials, and/or a lens or other optical element disposed therein. 
     With continued reference to the example shown in  FIG. 4 , the camera can include an image sensor  459  that can be disposed behind the aperture  457  so that all or a portion of the aperture is positioned between the image sensor  459  and the FOV  355  of the image sensor  459  and camera. In this configuration, the image sensor  459  can be disposed on one side of the dial  112  and can be configured to view a scene on an opposite side of the dial  112 . The image sensor  459  can include, for example, an active photosensitive area having a photodetector array  461 . The photodetector array  461  can, for example, be aligned with the aperture  457  to permit light propagating through the aperture  457  to be incident onto the photodetector array  461 , although any other arrangement is feasible that permits an optical path to be formed through the aperture  457  and to the photodetector array  461 . 
     The photodetector array  461  can include, for example, a plurality of photodiodes, phototransistors, and/or any other suitable plurality light sensitive elements. The light sensitive elements can, for example, be arranged in a regular two-dimensional array of pixels that provides for sufficient resolution for capturing a scene or other information of interest. By way of example, photodetector array  461  can include 1 or more megapixels (MP), such as an array having approximately 1 MP, 2 MP, 3 MP, 4 MP, 5 MP, 6 MP, 7 MP, 8 MP, 10 MP, 12 MP, 16 MP, or more. It is contemplated other resolutions and/or pixels densities can be utilized, and the arrangement of the photodetector array  461  can be selected based on considerations such as the desired image resolution, power consumption, and/or information of interest to be captured. The image sensor can be implemented in a silicon die, thin-film transistor substrate, integrated circuit (IC), and/or other suitable electronic component capable of provide active electronic circuitry and/or light sensitive elements that can optically capturing an image. In some embodiments, the photodetector array  461  can be sensitive to and be configured to capture a full spectrum of visible light to allow for a user to capture images that provide still pictures (photographs) and/or moving pictures (videos) that can substantially replicate the scene as they view them through their human eyes. Additionally or alternatively, the image sensor  459  can be configured to capture any desired wavelength(s) of light in the visible and/or non-visible spectrum (such as infrared and/or ultraviolet wavelengths). For example, invisible light can be captured to provide for object recognition (such as facial recognition), depth sensing capabilities, thermal imaging, and/or other purposes. 
     With continued reference to the example shown in  FIG. 4 , the camera can include a lens  463 , which can be disposed within the aperture  457 . Additionally or alternatively, other implementations are contemplated in which the lens  463  or a portion of the lens is disposed below behind the aperture  457  and in front of the image sensor  459 , between the image sensor  459  and the aperture  457  and dial  112 . The lens  463  provides an optical element that can be configured to focus an image of a scene from within the FOV  355  of the camera onto the image sensor  459 , e.g., onto an image plane defined by the photodetector array  461 . The lens  463  can include, for example, a single layer or multiple refractive layers that singly or collectively act on the light to provide to focus the image. 
     It is contemplated that any one or more components of the camera, such as the lens  463  and image sensor  459  can be disposed to rotate together with the dial  112  and/or be fixed relative to the housing  102 . According to some embodiments, the image sensor  459  can be fixed relative to the housing  102 . For example the image sensor  459  can be mounted directly to the housing  102  or indirectly via one or more substrates, frames, brackets, or other mounting components that are fixed to the housing  102 . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the fixed image sensor  459  can be configured to detect a rotation of the dial  112  with respect to the housing  102  and with respect to the image sensor  459 . To facilitate optical detection of the rotation of the dial  112 , the dial  112  can include a marking  467  to facilitate detection of rotation in either or both circumferential directions shown by the arrows in  FIG. 5 . The marking  467  can include, for example, any visible ink, surface texture, or other non-uniformity on the dial  112  or on a surface of the dial  112  that is within a view of the image sensor  459  so that the image sensor  459  can optically sense movement of the marking  467 . As shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the marking  467  can be disposed on the dial  112  in an outer region or area outside of the aperture  457  to permit the marking  467  to rotate around the aperture  457 , which can be disposed in an inner area or region at or near the center of the dial  112 . 
     The marking  467  can permit the image sensor  459 , or processing circuitry  240  that can be communicatively coupled directly or indirectly to the image sensor  459 , to discriminate a relative and/or absolute rotation of the dial  112  based on pattern recognition or other signal processing with respect to the marking  467  in images or other optical information captured with the sensor. This can, for example, allow the image sensor  459  to provide multi-purpose functionality in which it both captures pictures of scenes through the dial  112  for remote image sensing, and detects the rotation of the dial  112  to provide for control inputs or other user inputs that can be used to interact with a user interface of the device. For example, the inputs to the dial  112  captured by the image sensor  459  can be used for graphical user interface (GUI) scrolling inputs, selection inputs, panning, or other manipulations of a graphic presented on the display  248 . This can allow for the image sensor  459  of the camera to provide functionality that avoids a need for a separate sensor or device to detect the dial  112  rotation for providing input functionality. In some embodiments, the image sensor  459  can be configured to operate in distinct modes of operation to detect the rotation and to capture the image. For example, the image sensor  459  can be configured to operate in a low power mode of operation to detect the rotation of the dial, as detailed image capture or high resolution pictures may not be required in the rotational input sensing mode for tracking or otherwise detecting movement of the dial. The low power mode may have lower power consumption than the picture capture mode by, for example, capturing a lower resolution image or data, having a lower duty cycle, or through other techniques. 
       FIG. 6  shows another example of a usage of a watch  100  having a camera, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 6  shows an example of the watch  100  with a band  104  as it is worn on a user&#39;s wrist  354 , and with the housing  102  removed or detached from the band  104  during a capture of a picture. In the example shown in  FIG. 6 , the watch  100  includes a camera mounted directly or indirectly to the housing  102  and configured to capture a picture of a scene through the back side  119  of the housing  102 . A display can be visible through the front side  117  of the housing  102  to permit the captured picture to be displayed during or after the picture is captured with the camera. A release mechanism in the attachment interface  106 , such as described previously, can provide a convenient mechanism for removing the watch housing  102  from the band  104  to take a picture with a back facing camera on the watch housing, although other implementations are contemplated in which the watch housing  102  can be removed from the wrist  354  together with the band  104  to take the picture. 
       FIG. 7  shows the example from  FIG. 6  in a cross section view. The image sensor  459  of the camera is disposed behind the back cover  118  of the housing  102  relative to a FOV  355  of the camera and the scene  771  to be captured. In particular, the back cover  118  is disposed between the image sensor  459  and the scene  771  viewed by the image sensor  459  and the camera. A lens of the camera configured to focus an image onto the image sensor  459  can, for example, be integrated within the back cover  118 . Additionally or alternatively, all or a portion of the lens can be disposed between the image sensor  459  and the back cover  118 . In some embodiments for example as shown in  FIG. 7 , the back cover  118  can include an opaque region  773  disposed in an area beside and/or around the image sensor  459 , and an optical window  775  aligned with the photodetector array  461  or otherwise aligned with the active area of the image sensor  459 . 
       FIGS. 8 and 9  show an example of a watch  100  in which a camera is mounted to capture a picture of a scene through a back side  119  of a watch housing  102 , and in particular, through a back cover  118 . Another optical device having a light emitter  881  and light detector  883  is included to also detect light through the back cover in addition to the image sensor  459  of the camera. It is contemplated that the light emitter  881  and detector  883  can be positioned in any suitable location. In  FIGS. 8 and 9 , the light emitter  881  and detector  883  are positioned in an area beside the image sensor  459 , e.g., in a plane above, below, or in the same plane as the image sensor  459 . The other optical device can be, for example, a physiological sensor such as a PPG sensor and/or heart rate monitor configured to illuminate the wrist  354  for physiological sensing when the watch  100 , including the housing  102 , is worn on the user&#39;s wrist  354 . As shown for example in  FIGS. 8 and 9 , the other optical device can be configured to sense or otherwise interact with the user&#39;s wrist  354  when the watch housing  102  is worn on the user&#39;s wrist, and the image sensor  459  can be configured to capture a picture of a scene  771  when the housing  102  is removed or not worn on the user&#39;s wrist. 
     The light emitter  881  can include, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) or other appropriate electronic device capable of emitting light. The light detector  883  can include, for example, a photodiode (LED) or other appropriate light sensitive element capable of detecting light. Although one light emitter  881  and one light detector  883  is shown in the figures, the optical device can in general include any suitable number of one or more light emitters and one or more light detectors capable of detecting a response signal, such as detecting reflected light that is emitted by the light emitter and reflected off of the user&#39;s wrist. According to some embodiments, for example, two or more light emitters that emit light two or more different spectral bands of light, such as a one or more green LEDs and one or more IR LEDs, or any other appropriate combination, can be used to illuminate the wrist for a pulse oximetry to detect a response that varies based on the presence or absence of oxygenated blood in the user&#39;s wrist and that can be used to determine a heart rate. Additionally or alternatively, two or more light detectors that detect two or more different spectral bands of light, such as a one or more green photodiodes and one or more IR photodiodes. In various embodiments, the spectral properties of optical components such as the light emitter  881  and/or light detector  883  can be tuned, for example, using color filters or based on electrical characteristics of the light emitter/detector. 
     In some embodiments, for example as shown in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , one or more components of the camera and/or the other optical device can be dual purposed or otherwise multi-purposed to implement functionality with both applications. For example, one or more components of the camera such as the image sensor and/or a camera flash can be configured for both remote sensing to capture a picture of a scene when the housing is removed from the user&#39;s wrist, and for contact sensing to capture a PPG or other physiological signal when the housing is in contact with or otherwise worn on the user&#39;s body. 
     Referring to the example shown in  FIG. 10 , the image sensor  459  can be configured to optically detect a PPG or other reflectance signal from the user&#39;s wrist  354  when the housing is on the user&#39;s wrist  354 . As shown in  FIG. 10 , the light emitter  881  can illuminate the wrist  354  (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIGS. 8 and 9 ), and the image sensor  459  can be configured to operate in a physiological sensing mode to detect the reflectance signal. The reflectance signal detected by the image sensor  459  can include a response to the emitted light used to illuminate the wrist  354  with the light emitter  881 . In some embodiments, the image sensor  459  can be configured to operate in a low power mode of operation to detect the reflectance signal, as detailed image capture or high resolution pictures may not be required in the physiological sensing mode for heart rate monitoring or other purposes. The low power mode may have lower power consumption than the picture capture mode by, for example, capturing a lower resolution image or data, having a lower duty cycle, or through other techniques. Thus, the same sensor can be utilized for both picture capture or remote sensing, and physiological sensing or contact sensing, thereby avoiding a need for a separate dedicated detector component. 
     Referring to the example shown in  FIG. 11 , the watch  100  can additionally or alternatively be configured to utilize the light emitter  881  for both physiological sensing or contact sensing (e.g., reflectance based PPG sensing as described above), and as a camera flash to illuminate the scene  771  during picture capture. For example, the light emitter  881  can be configured to emit light in a first spectral band (e.g., a green light) to operate as an illuminator for PPG sensing when the housing  102  is worn on the wrist  354 , and then configured to emit light in a second spectral band (e.g., white light) to operate as a camera flash for scene capture. Since both a PPG sensor and a camera flash may utilize a Fresnel lens or similar optical element over the light emitter, utilizing the light emitter for both purposes may provide a convenient solution in which a need for a separate light emitter is avoided. 
     It is contemplated that the examples shown in  FIGS. 10 and 11  may further be combined in some embodiments. For example, in some embodiments, the watch  100  can include an image sensor and a light emitter, where the image sensor is configured to operate as described above with respect to  FIG. 10  and the light emitter is configured to operate as described above with respect to  FIG. 11 , thus avoiding a need entirely for any dedicated sensor for heart rate monitoring or other physiological sensing. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 12 and 13 , an example of a watch  100  having a camera is shown, in accordance with some embodiments. As shown in  FIGS. 12 and 13 , the watch  100  can include a camera integrated with an attachment interface  106 , such as a slot or channel configured to releasably accommodate an end of a watch band strap. An image sensor can be disposed within the housing  102 , in an interior space of the housing  102 , as part of an image sensor assembly  891 . In some embodiments, the image sensor assembly  891  can include substrates, frames, or other components configured to facilitate mounting of the images sensor directly or indirectly to the housing  102  within an interior space of the housing  102 . In some embodiments, the image sensor assembly  891  can include a lens disposed between the housing sidewall  108  and the image sensor, which can be configured to focus an image of a scene onto the image sensor as described above. Additionally or alternatively, an integrated lens component can be provided in an optical window  775  provided in the sidewall  108  of the housing in the region of the attachment interface  106 , and through which the image sensor can be configured to capture the image. 
     The optical window  775  can include, for example, solid transparent material that provides an aperture for image capture through what can be an otherwise opaque housing sidewall  108  or attachment region. The solid transparent material may, for example, be formed using a two-shot insert or co-molding process. As the attachment region may include thicker sidewall portions, a structural integrity and water seal may be maintained through the optical window included in the attachment interface  106 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 14 and 15 , another example of a watch  100  having a camera is shown, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 14  is a perspective view of the watch  100 , while  FIG. 15  is a cutaway view of the watch  100  from  FIG. 14  showing internal components, such as an image sensor assembly  891  and a display panel  248  that can be disposed within an interior cavity of the housing  102 . As shown in  FIGS. 14 and 15 , for example, a lens  463  can be integrated with the housing. The lens  463  can be integrated into a portion of the sidewall  108  so as to form a flush surface and/or to extend through an entire thickness of the sidewall  108 . This may, for example, provide or allow for a housing with sufficient structural integrity and a water seal that can prevent or mitigate against water ingress into the interior cavity of the housing. The lens  463  can, for example, be integrated along an edge of the housing  102  that also includes band attachment interface  106 , or in any other location on the housing  102 . Although a lens is described, other implementations are contemplated in which the lens  463  shown in  FIG. 15  is instead implemented as a light pipe or other aperture extending through the thickness of the sidewall  108 , in which case a lens for focusing the image onto the image sensor can be included between the image sensor assembly  891  and the sidewall  108 . 
     As described above, one aspect of the present technology is the gathering and use of data available from various sources to provide improved health-related or body monitoring functionality. The present disclosure contemplates that in some instances, this gathered data may include personal information data that uniquely identifies or can be used to contact or locate a specific person. Such personal information data can include demographic data, location-based data, telephone numbers, email addresses, twitter ID&#39;s, home addresses, data or records relating to a user&#39;s health or level of fitness (e.g., vital signs measurements, medication information, exercise information), date of birth, or any other identifying or personal information. 
     The present disclosure recognizes that the use of such personal information data, in the present technology, can be used to the benefit of users. For example, the personal information data can be used to diagnose health conditions. Further, other uses for personal information data that benefit the user are also contemplated by the present disclosure. For instance, health and fitness data may be used to provide insights into a user&#39;s general wellness, or may be used as positive feedback to individuals using technology to pursue wellness goals. 
     The present disclosure contemplates that the entities responsible for the collection, analysis, disclosure, transfer, storage, or other use of such personal information data will comply with well-established privacy policies and/or privacy practices. In particular, such entities should implement and consistently use privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining personal information data private and secure. Such policies should be easily accessible by users, and should be updated as the collection and/or use of data changes. Personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable uses of the entity and not shared or sold outside of those legitimate uses. Further, such collection/sharing should occur after receiving the informed consent of the users. Additionally, such entities should consider taking any needed steps for safeguarding and securing access to such personal information data and ensuring that others with access to the personal information data adhere to their privacy policies and procedures. Further, such entities can subject themselves to evaluation by third parties to certify their adherence to widely accepted privacy policies and practices. In addition, policies and practices should be adapted for the particular types of personal information data being collected and/or accessed and adapted to applicable laws and standards, including jurisdiction-specific considerations. For instance, in the US, collection of or access to certain health data may be governed by federal and/or state laws, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA); whereas health data in other countries may be subject to other regulations and policies and should be handled accordingly. Hence different privacy practices should be maintained for different personal data types in each country. 
     Despite the foregoing, the present disclosure also contemplates embodiments in which users selectively block the use of, or access to, personal information data. That is, the present disclosure contemplates that hardware and/or software elements can be provided to prevent or block access to such personal information data. For example, in the case of diagnostic services, the present technology can be configured to allow users to select to “opt in” or “opt out” of participation in the collection of personal information data during registration for services or anytime thereafter. In addition to providing “opt in” and “opt out” options, the present disclosure contemplates providing notifications relating to the access or use of personal information. For instance, a user may be notified upon downloading an app that their personal information data will be accessed and then reminded again just before personal information data is accessed by the app. 
     Moreover, it is the intent of the present disclosure that personal information data should be managed and handled in a way to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use. Risk can be minimized by limiting the collection of data and deleting data once it is no longer needed. In addition, and when applicable, including in certain health related applications, data de-identification can be used to protect a user&#39;s privacy. De-identification may be facilitated, when appropriate, by removing specific identifiers (e.g., date of birth, etc.), controlling the amount or specificity of data stored (e.g., collecting location data a city level rather than at an address level), controlling how data is stored (e.g., aggregating data across users), and/or other methods. 
     Therefore, although the present disclosure broadly covers use of personal information data to implement one or more various disclosed embodiments, the present disclosure also contemplates that the various embodiments can also be implemented without the need for accessing such personal information data. That is, the various embodiments of the present technology are not rendered inoperable due to the lack of all or a portion of such personal information data. For example, physiological monitoring can be utilized based on non-personal information data or a bare minimum amount of personal information, such as the content being requested by the device associated with a user, other non-personal information available to the device, or publicly available information. 
     A reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean one and only one unless specifically so stated, but rather one or more. For example, “a” module may refer to one or more modules. An element proceeded by “a,” “an,” “the,” or “said” does not, without further constraints, preclude the existence of additional same elements. 
     Headings and subheadings, if any, are used for convenience only and do not limit the invention. The word exemplary is used to mean serving as an example or illustration. To the extent that the term include, have, or the like is used, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term comprise as comprise is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Relational terms such as first and second and the like may be used to distinguish one entity or action from another without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. 
     Phrases such as an aspect, the aspect, another aspect, some aspects, one or more aspects, an implementation, the implementation, another implementation, some implementations, one or more implementations, an embodiment, the embodiment, another embodiment, some embodiments, one or more embodiments, a configuration, the configuration, another configuration, some configurations, one or more configurations, the subject technology, the disclosure, the present disclosure, other variations thereof and alike are for convenience and do not imply that a disclosure relating to such phrase(s) is essential to the subject technology or that such disclosure applies to all configurations of the subject technology. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may apply to all configurations, or one or more configurations. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may provide one or more examples. A phrase such as an aspect or some aspects may refer to one or more aspects and vice versa, and this applies similarly to other foregoing phrases. 
     A phrase “at least one of” preceding a series of items, with the terms “and” or “or” to separate any of the items, modifies the list as a whole, rather than each member of the list. The phrase “at least one of” does not require selection of at least one item; rather, the phrase allows a meaning that includes at least one of any one of the items, and/or at least one of any combination of the items, and/or at least one of each of the items. By way of example, each of the phrases “at least one of A, B, and C” or “at least one of A, B, or C” refers to only A, only B, or only C; any combination of A, B, and C; and/or at least one of each of A, B, and C. 
     It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps, operations, or processes disclosed is an illustration of exemplary approaches. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps, operations, or processes may be performed in different order. Some of the steps, operations, or processes may be performed simultaneously. The accompanying method claims, if any, present elements of the various steps, operations or processes in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented. These may be performed in serial, linearly, in parallel or in different order. It should be understood that the described instructions, operations, and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software/hardware product or packaged into multiple software/hardware products. 
     In one aspect, a term coupled or the like may refer to being directly coupled. In another aspect, a term coupled or the like may refer to being indirectly coupled. 
     Terms such as top, bottom, front, rear, side, horizontal, vertical, and the like refer to an arbitrary frame of reference, rather than to the ordinary gravitational frame of reference. Thus, such a term may extend upwardly, downwardly, diagonally, or horizontally in a gravitational frame of reference. 
     The disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the subject technology. The disclosure provides various examples of the subject technology, and the subject technology is not limited to these examples. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the principles described herein may be applied to other aspects. 
     All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout the disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “step for”. 
     The title, background, brief description of the drawings, abstract, and drawings are hereby incorporated into the disclosure and are provided as illustrative examples of the disclosure, not as restrictive descriptions. It is submitted with the understanding that they will not be used to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the detailed description, it can be seen that the description provides illustrative examples and the various features are grouped together in various implementations for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. The method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed configuration or operation. The claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separately claimed subject matter. 
     The claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects described herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims and to encompass all legal equivalents. Notwithstanding, none of the claims are intended to embrace subject matter that fails to satisfy the requirements of the applicable patent law, nor should they be interpreted in such a way.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20190328
Publication Date: 20220531
Grant Date: 20220531
Priority Date: 20180918
Inventors: HERRERA, ANTONIO F.
BUSHNELL, TYLER S.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04N23/651", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/57", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/51", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/56", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/54", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/651", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/016", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/00", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/025", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N5/2256", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/025", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0362", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N5/2257", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N5/232411", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N5/2254", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N5/2253", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 81756494