PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-9337241-B2
Application Number: US-201414498950-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Pixel patterns for organic light-emitting diode display

Abstract:
An electronic device may include a display having an array of organic light-emitting diode display pixels. The display pixels may have subpixels of different colors. The subpixels may include red subpixels, green subpixels, and blue subpixels. The subpixels may be provided with shapes and orientations that improve manufacturing tolerances. Subpixels such as green and red subpixels may have hexagonal shapes while blue subpixel structures may be provided with diamond shapes coupled in pairs to form barbell-shaped blue subpixels. Subpixels can also be angled at 45° relative to horizontal. Subpixels ma have shapes that overlap adjacent display pixels. For example, an array of display pixels that has been rotated by 45° relative to the edges of a display substrate may have blue subpixels and or red subpixels that are shared between pairs of adjacent display pixels in an at of display pixels.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An organic light-emitting diode display, comprising:
 an array of display pixels, including hexagonal red subpixels, hexagonal green subpixels, and blue subpixels, wherein the blue subpixels each include a pair of joined blue subpixel structures, and wherein each pair of joined blue subpixel structures comprises a pair of joined anodes. 
 
     
     
       2. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 1  wherein the joined blue subpixel structures of each display pixel are a pair of joined hexagonal blue subpixel structures. 
     
     
       3. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 1  wherein the joined blue subpixel structures of each display pixel are a pair of joined diamond blue subpixel structures. 
     
     
       4. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 3  wherein the joined diamond blue subpixel structures of each blue subpixel are joined by a connector and wherein each green subpixel is vertically aligned along a horizontal axis with a respective connector. 
     
     
       5. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 1  wherein the blue subpixels each include at least one diamond-shaped blue subpixel structure. 
     
     
       6. An organic light-emitting diode display, comprising:
 a substrate having horizontal and vertical edges; 
 an array of display pixels, including red subpixels, green subpixels, and blue subpixels, wherein the array of display pixels is angled at 45° relative to horizontal so that the display pixels extend diagonally relative to the horizontal and vertical edges, and wherein the red subpixels are rectangular and have edges that are angled at 45° relative to the horizontal and vertical edges. 
 
     
     
       7. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 6  wherein the blue subpixels are rectangular and have edges that are angled at 45° relative to the horizontal and vertical edges. 
     
     
       8. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 7  wherein the green subpixels are rectangular and have edges that are angled at 45° relative to the horizontal and vertical edges. 
     
     
       9. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 8  wherein each blue subpixel is shared between a respective pair of adjacent display pixels in the array of display pixels. 
     
     
       10. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 9  wherein each blue subpixel has an elongated rectangular shape that extends between the pair of adjacent display pixels. 
     
     
       11. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 10  wherein each red subpixel is shared between a respective pair of adjacent display pixels in the array of display pixels. 
     
     
       12. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 11  wherein the green subpixels are individually controlled so that each display pixel has a respective green subpixel that is not shared with other display pixels in the array of display pixels. 
     
     
       13. An organic light-emitting diode display, comprising:
 a substrate having horizontal and vertical edges; and 
 an array of display pixels having subpixels of different colors, wherein the array of display pixels is angled at 45° relative to horizontal so that the display pixels extend diagonally relative to the horizontal and vertical edges, wherein the subpixels are rectangular and have edges that are angled at 45° relative to the horizontal edges. 
 
     
     
       14. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 13  wherein some of the subpixels have a given color and wherein the subpixels of the given color are each shared between a respective pair of adjacent display pixels in the array of display pixels. 
     
     
       15. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 13  wherein the subpixels include red subpixels, green subpixels, and blue subpixels and wherein the red subpixels are each shared between a respective pair of adjacent display pixels in the array of display pixels. 
     
     
       16. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 15  wherein the blue subpixels are each shared between a respective pair of adjacent display pixels in the array of display pixels. 
     
     
       17. The organic light-emitting diode display defined in  claim 16  wherein the green subpixels are independently driven and are not shared between adjacent display pixels in the array of display pixels.

Description:
This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application No. 61/955,506 filed Mar. 19, 2014, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     This relates generally to electronic devices and more particularly, to electronic devices with organic light-emitting diode displays. 
     Electronic devices often include displays. For example, an electronic device may have an organic light-emitting diode display with an array of display pixels. The display pixels may have subpixels. The subpixels of a display pixel may emit light of different colors. As an example, each pixel in a display may have a red subpixel a green subpixel, and a blue subpixel, 
     There are challenges associated with optimizing display performance in an organic light-emitting diode display. If care is not taken, pixel pitch will be low, pixel apertures will be small, and light emitting efficiency will be poor. 
     It would therefore be desirable to be able to provide improved displays such as improved organic light-emitting diode displays. 
     SUMMARY 
     An electronic device may include a display having an array of organic light-emitting diode display pixels. The display pixels may have subpixels of different colors. The subpixels may include red subpixels, green subpixels, and blue subpixels, The subpixels may be provided with shapes and orientations that improve manufacturing tolerances. 
     With one embodiment, subpixels such as green and red subpixels have hexagonal shapes while blue subpixels are provided with diamond shapes coupled in pairs to form barbell-shaped subpixels. The green and red subpixels in this type of arrangement can be vertically positioned in alignment with coupling paths in the centers of the blue barbell-shaped subpixels that are being used to couple together pairs of diamond-shaped blue subpixel structures. 
     With another embodiment, display pixels and the subpixels in the display pixels are angled at 45° relative to horizontal. Subpixels in this type of configuration may have shapes that overlap adjacent display pixels. For example, an array of display pixels that has been rotated by 45° relative to the edges of a display substrate may have blue subpixels and/or red subpixels that are shared between pairs of adjacent display pixels in an array of display pixels while having green subpixels that are driven independently and that are not shared between adjacent display pixels. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a diagram of an illustrative electronic device having a display in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is a diagram of art illustrative organic light-emitting diode display in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional side view of a portion of an illustrative organic light-emitting diode display in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 4  is a top view of an illustrative organic-light-emitting diode display showing how each display pixel may contain subpixels of different colors in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 5  is a top view of a portion of an illustrative display with rectangular subpixels showing the potential for the edges of adjacent subpixels to overlap due to misalignment during fabrication in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  is a top view of a portion of an illustrative display with hexagonal subpixels showing the potential for certain portions of adjacent subpixels to overlap due to misalignment during fabrication in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a top view of an illustrative display with tiled hexagonal subpixels in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 8  is a top view of an illustrative display with pairs of diamond-shaped blue subpixel structures that form barbell-shaped blue subpixels and with hexagonal red and green subpixels that are vertically aligned along a shared horizontal axis with the centers of the blue subpixels in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 9  is a top view of an array of display pixels that has been rotated 45° from horizontal in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 10  is a top view of an array of display pixels that has been rotated 45° from horizontal where each pair of adjacent display pixels has a shared blue subpixel in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 11  is a top view of an array of display pixels that has been rotated 45° from horizontal where pairs of adjacent display pixels have shared blue subpixels with elongated rectangular shapes and where pairs of adjacent display pixels have shared red subpixels in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 12  is a top view of an array of display pixels that has been rotated 45° from horizontal where pairs of adjacent display pixels have shared blue subpixels and in which pans of adjacent display pixels have shared red subpixels in accordance with an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     An illustrative electronic device of the type that may be provided with an organic light-emitting diode display is shown in  FIG. 1 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , electronic device  10  may have control circuitry  16 . Control circuitry  16  may include storage and processing circuitry for supporting the operation of device  10 . The storage and processing circuitry may include storage such as hard disk drive storage, nonvolatile memory (e.g., flash memory or other electrically-programmable-read-only memory configured to form a solid state drive), volatile memory (e.g., static or dynamic random-access-memory), etc. Processing circuitry in control circuitry  16  may be used to control the operation of device  10 . The processing circuitry may be based on one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, baseband processors, power management units, audio codec chips, application specific integrated circuits, etc. 
     Input-output circuitry in device  10  such as input-output devices  12  ma be used to allow data to be supplied to device  10  and to allow data to be provided from device  10  to external devices. Input-output devices  12  may include buttons, joysticks, click wheels scrolling wheels, touch pads, key pads, keyboards, microphones, speakers, tone generators, vibrators, cameras, sensors, light-emitting diodes and other status indicators, data ports, etc. A user can control the operation of device  10  by supplying commands through input-output devices  12 , and may receive status information and other output from device  10  using the output resources of input-output devices  12 . 
     Input-output devices  12  may include one or more displays such as display  14 . Display  14  may be a touch screen display that includes a touch sensor for gathering touch input from a user or display  14  may be insensitive to touch. A touch sensor for display  14  may be based on an array of capacitive touch sensor electrodes, acoustic touch sensor structures, resistive touch components, force-based touch sensor structures, a light-based touch sensor, or other suitable touch sensor arrangements. 
     Control circuitry  16  may be used to run software on device  10  such as operating system code and applications. During operation of device  10 , the software running on control circuitry  16  may display images on display  14  in input-output devices. 
     Display  14  may be an organic light-emitting diode display. As shown in the illustrative diagram of  FIG. 2 , display  14  may include layers such as substrate layer  24 , Layers such as substrate  24  may be formed from planar rectangular layers of material such as planar glass layers, planar polymer layers, composite films that include polymer and inorganic materials, metallic foils, etc. Substrate  24  may have left and right vertical edges and upper and lower horizontal edges. 
     Display  14  may have an array of display pixels  22  for displaying images for a user. The array of display pixels  22  may be formed from rows and columns of display pixel structures (e.g. display pixels formed from structures on display layers such as substrate  24 ). There may be any suitable number of rows and columns in the array of display pixels  22  (e.g., ten or more one hundred or more, or one thousand or more). In some embodiments, the rows and columns may run diagonally (i.e., the array may be angled at 45° relative to horizontal so that the display pixels extend along axes that are angled at 45° relative to the vertical and horizontal edges of the display substrate). The configuration of  FIG. 2  is merely illustrative. 
     Display driver circuitry such as display driver integrated circuit(s)  28  may be coupled to conductive paths such as metal traces on substrate  24  using solder or conductive adhesive. Display driver integrated circuit  28  (sometimes referred to as a timing controller chip) may contain communications circuitry for communicating with system control circuitry over path  26 . Path  26  may be formed from traces on a flexible printed circuit or other cable. The control circuitry may be located on a main logic board in an electronic device in which display  14  is being used During operation, the control circuitry on the logic board (e.g., control circuitry of  FIG. 1 ) may supply control circuitry such as display driver integrated circuit  28  with information on images to be displayed on display  14 . Circuitry such as display driver integrated circuits may be mounted on substrate  24  or may be coupled to substrate  24  through a flexible printed circuit cable or other paths. 
     To display the images on display pixels  22 , display driver integrated circuit  28  may supply corresponding image data to data lines D while issuing clock signals and other control signals to supporting thin-film transistor display driver circuitry such as gate driver circuitry  18  and demultiplexing circuitry  20 . 
     Gate driver circuitry  18  (sometimes referred to as scan line driver circuitry) may be formed on substrate  24  (e.g., on the left and right edges of display  14 , on only a single edge of display  14 , or elsewhere in display  14 ). Demultiplexer circuitry  20  may be used to demultiplex data signals from display driver integrated circuit  28  onto a plurality of corresponding data lines D. With this illustrative arrangement of  FIG. 1 , data lines D run vertically through display  14 . Data lines D are associated with respective columns of display pixels  22 . There may be distinct data lines D for each of the subpixels in a display pixel  22 . For example, in a display pixel that has separately controlled red, green, and blue subpixels, there may be three corresponding data lines for carrying respective red, green, and blue data. 
     Gate lines G (sometimes referred to as scan lines) run horizontally through display  14 , Each gate line G is associated with a respective row of display pixels  22 . If desired, there may be multiple horizontal control lines such as gate lines G associated with each row of display pixels. Gate driver circuitry  18  may be located on the left side of display  14 , on the right side of display  14 , or on both the right and left sides of display  14 , as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     Gate driver circuitry  18  may assert horizontal control signals (sometimes referred to as scan signals or gate signals) on the gate lines G in display  14 . For example, gate driver circuitry  18  may receive clock signals and other control signals from display driver integrated circuit  28  and may, in response to the received signals, assert a gate signal on gate lines G in sequence, starting with the gate line signal G in the first row of display pixels  22 . As each gate line is asserted, data from data lines D is located into the corresponding row of display pixels, In this way, circuitry  28 ,  20 , and  18  may provide display pixels  22  with signals that direct display pixels  22  to generate light for displaying a desired image on display  14 . More complex control schemes may be used to control display pixels with multiple thin-film transistors (e.g., to implement threshold voltage compensation schemes) if desired. 
     Display driver circuitry such as demultiplexer circuitry  20  and gate line driver circuitry  18  may be formed from thin-film transistors on substrate  24 . Thin-film transistors: may also be used in forming circuitry in display pixels  22 . The thin-film transistors in display  14  may, in general, be formed using any suitable type of thin-film transistor technology (e.g., silicon-based, semiconducting-oxide-based, etc.). 
     If desired, data lines D and gate lines G may be angled relative to the edges of substrate  24 . For example, data lines D and gate lines G may be angled at 45° relative to horizontal in a display configuration in which display pixels  22  are angles at 45° relative to horizontal. The use of vertical data lines D and horizontal gate lines G in the example of  FIG. 2  is merely illustrative, 
     A cross-sectional side view of a configuration that may be used for the pixels of display  14  of device  10  is shown in  FIG. 3 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , display  14  may have a substrate such as substrate  24 . Substrate  24  may be formed from a material such as glass or other dielectric. Anode  32  may be formed from a layer of indium tin oxide or other conductive material on the surface of substrate  30 . Cathode  44  may be formed at the top of display  14 . Cathode may be formed from a conductive layer such as a layer of metal that is sufficiently thin to be transparent (i.e., sufficiently transparent to allow light  46  that is emitted from display  14  to travel upward towards viewer  48 ). 
     The layers of material between cathode  44  and anode  32  form as light-emitting diode. These layers may include layers such as electron injection layer  42 , electron transport layer  40 , emissive layer  36 , hole transport layer  34 , and hole injection layer  34 . Layers  42 ,  40 ,  38 ,  36 , and  34  may be formed from organic materials. Emissive layer  38  is an electroluminescent organic layer that emits tight  46  in response to applied current. 
     Each display pixel  22  in display  14  may contain multiple subpixels. The subpixels may have emissive layers  38  that emit light  46  of different colors. For example, each display pixel may have a red subpixel with an emissive layer  36  that emits light  46  that is red, may have a blue subpixel with an emissive layer  36  that emits light  46  that is blue, and may have a green subpixel with an emissive layer  36  that emits light that is green. If desired, each display pixel  22  may have a set of four subpixels that emit light in different colors, may include white subpixels, or may include subpixels of other colors. Color may be imparted to subpixels using a color filter layer with color filter elements that overlap the structures of  FIG. 3 , if desired. The configuration of  FIG. 3  in which display  14  is formed from display pixels having subpixels of differently colored emissive layers  38  is merely illustrative. 
     The sizes and shapes of the subpixels in each display pixel  22  may affect display efficiency. In general, it is desirable for the emissive area of each subpixel (i.e., its anode area and the overlapping emissive layer  38 ) to be as large as possible. At the same time, subpixels cannot be too large. Unavoidable manufacturing variations may lead to slight misalignment between adjacent subpixels. If subpixels are too large, there will be insufficient separation between adjacent subpixels. This could lead to undesired color mixing due to overlap between adjacent subpixels. 
     An illustrative configuration for display  14  is shown in  FIG. 4 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , each display pixel  22  may have three respective subpixels  50  such as a red subpixel R, green subpixel G, and blue subpixel B. The amount of area consumed by each subpixel in a display pixel need not be the same. For example, to balance emissive efficiencies for differently colored subpixels, the areas of the red and green subpixels may be the same, Whereas the blue subpixels may have an area of 2.5 times the area of the red subpixels (as an example). Other subpixel area ratios may be used if desired. The portions of the subpixels that are not covered with emissive material (see, e.g., portion  52  of  FIG. 4 ) may be used for signal paths such as scan lines and data lines (source lines) and for thin-film transistor circuitry (e.g., drivers for controlling current through the light-emitting diodes of the subpixels transistors for implementing threshold voltage compensation circuits, etc.). 
     Subpixels  50  in the example of  FIG. 4  have rectangular outlines and the edges of the subpixels extend vertically and horizontally, parallel to the respective vertical and horizontal edges  52  of display substrate  24  and display  14 . With this type of arrangement, misalignment between subpixels can lead to undesired overlap along opposing adjacent subpixel edges. Consider, as an example, adjacent subpixels  50 A and  50 B of  FIG. 5 . Due to manufacturing variations, there may be some misalignment between subpixel  50 A and subpixel  50 B. In particular, subpixel  50 A may not be located in its desired position, but rather may be located in the position shown by shifted subpixel  50 A of  FIG. 5 . This may give rise to subpixel overlap region  56 . Due to the rectangular shapes of subpixels  50 A and  50 B in the  FIG. 5  example, the overlapped edges of subpixels  50 A and  50 B extend vertically and overlap area  56  has a rectangular shape. 
     To reduce the sensitivity of display  14  to subpixel misalignment, subpixels can be provided with shapes and positions other than the vertically and horizontally aligned rectangular subpixel shapes of  FIG. 5 . As an example, one or more of subpixels  50  may have shapes such as diamonds, hexagons, other shapes with straight edges (e.g., shapes with four or more straight sides, shapes with five or more straight sides, shapes with six or more straight sides, etc.), shapes with curved edges, and for shapes with combinations of straight and curved edges. 
     In the illustrative display arrangement of  FIG. 6 , subpixels have hexagonal shapes. This type of shape may be more tolerant to misalignment for a given anode size (i.e., for a given aperture ratio) than the rectangular shapes of  FIG. 5 . In the  FIG. 6  example. subpixels  50 C and  50 C are nominally located adjacent to each other without overlapping. However, due to misalignment during manufacturing, subpixel  50 C is shifted to position  50 C′. This gives rise to overlaps area  58 . Due to the non-rectangular shapes of hexagonal subpixels  50 C and  50 D, overlap area  58  consumes a smaller fraction of the subpixel area in the scenario of  FIG. 6  than overlap area  56  consumes in the scenario of  FIG. 5 . Because the hexagonal subpixel shapes of  FIG. 6  are more tolerant of misalignment, the sizes of the anodes and overlapping emissive layers in the subpixels can be increased for a given level of misalignment tolerance, thereby improving efficiency. If desired, pixel pitch may be reduced or misalignment tolerance can be increased instead of or in addition to increasing display efficiency by enhancing subpixel apertures using subpixel shapes of the type shown in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 7  shows how display  14  may be populated with a tiled array of hexagonal subpixels  50 . In the  FIG. 7  example, each display pixel  22  includes a hexagonal green subpixel G, a hexagonal red subpixel R, and a barbell-shaped blue subpixel U formed from a pan of joined adjacent blue hexagonal subpixel structures (e.g., joined adjacent hexagonal anodes and overlapping emissive layer structures that have a narrow connecting “waist” between two larger blue hexagons). The anodes and colored emissive material in these subpixels are preferably recessed from the outermost hexagon edges of the tiles of  FIG. 7  to help prevent color mixing due to unavoidable manufacturing variations. Moreover, other display pixel tiling schemes may be used that include hexagonal subpixel structures. The configuration of  FIG. 7  is merely illustrative. 
     If desired, diamond subpixel shapes may be incorporated into display  14 . An illustrative display  14  that includes diamond subpixel structures is shown in  FIG. 8 . As shown in  FIG. 8 , subpixels  50  may include six-sided green subpixels G (e.g., horizontally stretched hexagons) and six-sided red subpixels R (e.g., horizontally stretched hexagons). In addition to a green subpixel G and a red subpixel R, each display pixel  22  may include a blue subpixel formed from a pair of linked blue diamond subpixel structures such subpixel structures B 1  and B 2 . Structures B 1  and B 2  may be electrically coupled using connector paths such as path  60 , so that the blue subpixels have barbell shapes. With this type of arrangement, a respective path  60  (which may or may not be covered by blue emissive material) may be formed in the center of each barbell-shaped blue subpixel. By combining blue subpixel structures B 1  and B 2 , blue light emission is increased to compensate for the lower efficiency of the blue emissive material in the light-emitting diodes relative to the efficiency of the red and green emissive materials. 
     Each subpixel may be surrounded by a dielectric structure (sometimes referred to as a pixel definition layer). Subpixels  50  are spaced apart from each other satisfactorily when pixel definition layer (PDL) separations PDL 1 , PDL 2 , and PDLV are sufficiently large. The use of the layout of  FIG. 8  helps ensure that subpixels  50  are well separated from each other and are tolerant of misalignment during, manufacturing. For example, by locating the green subpixels G and the red subpixels R so that they are vertically in alignment with the centers (connectors  60 ) of the blue subpixels as shown in  FIG. 8  (i.e., so that the green and red subpixels share common horizontal axes with respective sets of the centers of the blue subpixels), shifts in the positions of the green and red subpixels relative to the blue subpixels will result in minimal overlap and color mixing. Consider, as an example, a horizontal shift in position of green subpixels G. Because green subpixels G are aligned so that this type of shift would result mostly in overlap with connectors  60  rather than with structures B 1  and B 2 , the opportunity for green/blue color mixing is reduced. 
     If desired, the array of display pixels  22  in display  14  may be angled at 45° relative to horizontal (and relative to vertical) to help increase tolerance to subpixel misalignment. This type of configuration is shown in  FIG. 9 . Rather than having display pixels  22  that are arranged in horizontally extending rows and vertically extending columns, display  14  of  FIG. 9  has diagonally extending rows and columns of display pixels  22  (i.e., display pixels  22  and corresponding scan lines and data lines that run along diagonal axes  62  and  64 , respectively). Display pixels  22  have edges that are parallel with axes  62  and  64  rather than edges that are parallel to the horizontal and vertical edges of display substrate  24  and display  14 . The subpixels  50  of display pixels  22  of  FIG. 9  may include red subpixels R and green subpixels G of equal areas and blue subpixels B with areas that are 2-3 times as large as the areas of the red subpixels R (and that are 2-3 times as large as the areas of the green subpixels G). The edges of the rectangular subpixels  50  in display pixels  22  may run parallel to diagonally extending axes  62  and  64  (i.e., the edges of rectangular subpixels  50  are angled at 45° angles relative to horizontal and vertical edges  54  of substrate  24  and display  14 ). 
     Pixel driving complexity can be reduced by sharing subpixels between adjacent display pixels  22 . In the illustrative rotated display pixel array of  FIG. 10 , blue subpixels B have elongated rectangular shapes that are sufficiently large to extend between pairs of adjacent display pixels  22 . As shown in display  14  of  FIG. 10 , for example, a single blue subpixel B may extend across the boundary between adjacent display pixels  22 A and  22 B (i.e., blue subpixel B may be shared between display pixel  22 A and display pixel  22 B), Because pairs of adjacent display pixels  22  such as display pixel  22 A and display pixel  22 B may share blue subpixels such as blue subpixel B, the amount of blue subpixel driving circuitry in display  14  may be minimized. 
     Another illustrative subpixel sharing scheme that may be used for display  14  is shown in  FIG. 11 . In the example of  FIG. 11 , red subpixels R are shared between adjacent display pixels and blue subpixels B are shared between adjacent display pixels. Green subpixels (can be individually driven arid are nut shared between adjacent display pixels in this arrangement, The human eye is sensitive to green tight, so retaining independent control of the green subpixels can help improve apparent image quality. Display  14  of  FIG. 11  contains blocks of four display pixels such as display pixels  22 - 1 ,  22 - 2 ,  22 - 3 , and  22 - 4 . Red subpixels R are shared between adjacent display pixels such as display pixel  22 - 1  and  22 - 2  (i.e., a red subpixel R overlaps the shared edge between display pixels  22 - 1  and  22 - 2 ), Each of display pixels  22 - 1 ,  22 - 2 ,  22 - 3 , and  22 - 4  has a separate respective green subpixel G. Blue subpixels B are shared between adjacent display pixels such as display pixels  22 - 3  and  22 - 4 . 
     Another layout for sharing red and blue subpixels between adjacent display pixels in a display with an array of display pixels that has been angled at 45° with respect to horizontal (and therefore the edges of display  14  and display substrate  24 ) is shown in  FIG. 12 . With the arrangement of  FIG. 12 , red subpixels can be shared between adjacent display pixels  22  such as display pixels  22  and  22 ″ and green subpixels can be shared between adjacent display pixels  22  such as display pixels  22 ″ and  22 ″. The areas of the red, green, and blue subpixels in display  14  of  FIG. 12  (and  FIGS. 7-11 ) can be configured to have any suitable ratio (e.g., 1:1:2.5 or other ratio). 
     The foregoing is merely illustrative and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the in without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The foregoing embodiments may be implemented individually or in any combination.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20140926
Publication Date: 20160510
Grant Date: 20160510
Priority Date: 20140319
Inventors: LEE JUNGMIN
LEE CHOONGHO
KIM JINKWANG
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H01L27/3218", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H10K59/353", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H10K59/353", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 54142876