PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10220602-B2
Application Number: US-201615266927-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Marking of fabric carrying case for a portable electronic device

Abstract:
Techniques or processes for providing markings on fabric articles are disclosed. In one embodiment, the articles may be fabric carrying cases for electronic devices. For example, a fabric carrying case for a particular electronic may include a fabric base layer and a plurality of thick films coupled to the fabric base layer, wherein the plurality of thick films may comprise a top thick film and an underlying thick film. Regions of the top thick film may be selectively etched through, for selectively exposing the underlying thick film. The selectively etched regions may be arranged for marking of textual or graphical indicia on the fabric carrying case for the portable electronic device.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method for forming and marking a fabric article, the method comprising:
 coupling an adhesive layer to a fabric base layer; 
 after coupling the adhesive layer, curing the adhesive layer; 
 after curing the adhesive layer, coupling a first polymer-based film to the adhesive layer, wherein the first polymer-based film has a first color; 
 after coupling the first polymer-based film, curing the first polymer-based film; 
 after curing the first polymer-based film, coupling a second polymer-based film to the first polymer-based film, wherein the second polymer-based film has a second color that is different than the first color; and 
 etching regions of the second polymer-based film to selectively expose the underlying first polymer-based film through the regions of the second polymer-based film. 
 
     
     
       2. The method defined in  claim 1  wherein selectively etching regions of the second polymer-based film comprises laser ablating regions of the second film. 
     
     
       3. The method defined in  claim 2  wherein laser ablating regions of the second polymer-based film comprises laser ablating the regions using a visible laser. 
     
     
       4. The method defined in  claim 2  wherein laser ablating regions of the second polymer-based film comprises laser ablating the regions using an ultraviolet laser. 
     
     
       5. The method defined in  claim 2  wherein laser ablating regions of the second polymer-based film comprises raster scanning the second film. 
     
     
       6. The method defined in  claim 1  wherein selectively etching regions of the second polymer-based film comprises arranging the etched regions of the second film in a halftone pattern. 
     
     
       7. The method defined in  claim 1  wherein both the first and the second polymer-based films are non-fibrous. 
     
     
       8. The method defined in  claim 1  wherein both the first and the second polymer-based films comprise polyurethane. 
     
     
       9. The method defined in  claim 1  wherein the second polymer-based film has a thickness between 10 and 50 microns. 
     
     
       10. The method defined in  claim 1  wherein the fabric article is a carrying case for a portable electronic device. 
     
     
       11. The method defined in  claim 1  wherein the fabric base layer comprises a knit backing of nylon fibers. 
     
     
       12. A method of forming and marking a fabric case for an electronic device, the method comprising:
 coupling an adhesive layer to a fabric base layer; 
 after coupling the adhesive layer, curing the adhesive layer; 
 coupling a first film to the adhesive layer; 
 curing the first film; 
 after curing the first film, coupling a second film to the first film; and 
 after coupling the second film, etching regions of the second film to selectively expose the underlying first film through the regions of the second film, wherein the etched regions are arranged to form textual or graphical indicia on the fabric case. 
 
     
     
       13. The method defined in  claim 12  wherein the first film and the second film comprise first and second polymer-based films. 
     
     
       14. The method defined in  claim 13  wherein the first polymer-based film has a first color and the second polymer-based film has a second color. 
     
     
       15. The method defined in  claim 12  wherein etching regions of the second film comprises laser ablating regions of the second film. 
     
     
       16. A method for forming and marking an article from a fabric base layer, the method comprising:
 coupling a plurality of films to the fabric base layer with adhesive, wherein the plurality of films includes at least a top film and an underlying film, and wherein the adhesive and the underlying film are cured prior to application of the top film; and 
 after curing the adhesive and the underlying film and applying the top film, removing regions of the top film to expose the underlying film through the regions of the top film. 
 
     
     
       17. The method defined in  claim 16  wherein removing regions of the top film comprises laser ablating regions of the top film. 
     
     
       18. The method defined in  claim 17  wherein laser ablating regions of the top film comprises using a visible laser to laser ablate the regions. 
     
     
       19. The method defined in  claim 16  wherein the article is a carrying case for a portable electronic device.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a division of patent application Ser. No. 13/231,830, filed Sep. 13, 2011, which claims the benefit of provisional patent application No. 61/469,022, filed Mar. 29, 2011, which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. This application claims the benefit of and claims priority to patent application Ser. No. 13/231,830, filed Sep. 13, 2011, and provisional patent application No. 61/469,022, filed Mar. 29, 2011. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to marking products and, more particularly, marking fabric carrying cases for electronic devices. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     Embroidery or ink has been used for marking fabric items for many years. For example, it is common for garments to be marked with an owner&#39;s initials using embroider or ink. Conventionally, such marking is done with an ink printing or stamping process or with an embroidery process. Although embroidery or conventional ink printing and stamping is useful for many situations, such techniques can be inadequate for marking other items. For example, conventional marking techniques may not be able to offer sufficient accuracy and precision. Thus, there is a need for improved marking techniques. 
     SUMMARY 
     The invention pertains to techniques or processes for providing markings on fabric articles. In one embodiment, the articles may be fabric carrying cases for electronic devices. For example, a fabric carrying case for a particular electronic may include a fabric base layer and a plurality of thick films coupled to the fabric base layer, wherein the plurality of thick films may comprise a top thick film and an underlying thick film. Regions of the top thick film may be selectively etched through, for selectively exposing the underlying thick film. The selectively etched regions may be arranged for marking of textual or graphical indicia on the fabric carrying case for the portable electronic device. 
     The invention can be implemented in numerous ways, including as a method, system, device, or apparatus. Several embodiments of the invention are discussed below. 
     As an article, one embodiment can, for example, include at least a fabric base layer for the article; a plurality of polymer-based films coupled to the fabric base layer, wherein the plurality of polymer-based films comprise a top film and an underlying film; and selectively etched regions of the top film, which are etched through the top film, for selectively exposing the underlying film through the selectively etched regions of the top film. 
     As a method for forming and marking an article, one embodiment can, for example, include at least providing a fabric base layer for the article; coupling a plurality of differently colored polymer-based films to the fabric base layer, wherein the plurality of differently colored polymer-based films comprise a top film and an underlying film; and selectively etching regions of the top film through the top film, for selectively exposing the underlying film through the regions of the top film. 
     As a fabric carrying case for a portable electronic device, one embodiment can, for example, include at least a main body portion having an interior space to hold the electronic device, and an opening into the interior space through which the electronic device can be moved. The main body portion can include at least a fabric base layer, a plurality of polymer-based films coupled to the fabric base layer, wherein the plurality of polymer-based films comprise a top film and an underlying film, and selectively etched regions of the top film, which are etched through the top film, for selectively exposing the underlying film through the selectively etched regions of the top film, wherein the selectively etched regions are arranged for marking of textual or graphical indicia on the fabric carrying case for the portable electronic device. 
     As an article, another embodiment can, for example, include at least a fabric base layer for the article; a plurality of thick films coupled to the fabric base layer, wherein the plurality of thick films comprise a top film and an underlying film; and selectively etched regions of the top film, which are etched through the top thick film, for selectively exposing the underlying film through the selectively etched regions of the top film. 
     Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural elements, and in which: 
         FIGS. 1A-1B  show various views of a fabric carrying case for a portable electronic device, wherein the fabric carrying case is marked according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is a diagram of a marking state machine according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is a cross sectional view of an article having marking alterations according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 4A  is a flow diagram of a marking process according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 4B  is another flow diagram of another marking process according to another embodiment. 
         FIGS. 5A-5D  are cross sectional diagrams illustrating marking according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  is a table illustrating exemplary laser operation parameters according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram of a magnified top view representative of a lightness halftone pattern for marking according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 8  is a diagram of a magnified top view representative of a darkness halftone pattern for marking according to another embodiment. 
         FIG. 9  is a top view of yet another embodiment of the marked fabric case, along with a detail magnified view to show the halftone pattern. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention pertains to techniques or processes for providing markings on fabric articles. In one embodiment, the articles may be fabric carrying cases for electronic devices. For example, a fabric carrying case for a particular electronic may include a fabric base layer and a plurality of thick films coupled to the fabric base layer, wherein the plurality of thick films may comprise a top thick film and an underlying thick film. Regions of the top thick film may be selectively etched through, for selectively exposing the underlying thick film. The selectively etched regions may be arranged for marking of textual or graphical indicia on the fabric carrying case for the portable electronic device. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the invention are discussed below with reference to  FIGS. 1A-9 . However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory purposes as the invention extends beyond these limited embodiments. 
       FIGS. 1A-1B  show various views of a fabric carrying case  1000  for a portable electronic device  1001 , wherein the fabric carrying case is marked according to one embodiment.  FIG. 1A  shows a top view, wherein the portable electronic device (not shown in  FIG. 1A ) is disposed within the fabric carrying case  1000 . 
     As particularly shown in perspective view in  FIG. 1B , the fabric carrying case may comprise a main body portion  1002  having an interior space  1003  to hold the electronic device  1001 , and an opening  1004  into the interior space  1003  through which the electronic device  1001  can be moved. Examples of portable electronic devices include, but are not limited to, mobile telephones (e.g., cell phones), Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), portable media players, remote controllers, pointing devices (e.g., computer mouse), game controllers, tablet computers, laptop computers, etc. 
     As discussed in greater detail subsequently herein, the main body portion may comprise a fabric base layer and a plurality of thick films coupled to the fabric base layer. The plurality of thick films may comprise a top thick film and an underlying thick film. Selectively etched regions  1006  of the top thick film may be etched through the top thick film, for exposing the underlying thick film through the selectively etched regions of the top thick film. The selectively etched regions  1006  may be arranged for marking of textual or graphical indicia  1006  on the fabric carrying case  1000  for the portable electronic device  1001 . 
       FIG. 2  is a diagram of a marking state machine  200  according to one embodiment. The marking state machine  200  reflects three (3) basic states associated with marking a fabric article. The marking state machine  200  includes an initial fabric state  202 . At the initial fabric state  202 , a fabric base layer can be obtained or produced. For example, a knit backing of fibers may be used. The fibers may comprise nylon fibers. 
     Next, the marking state machine  200  can transition to a state  204  wherein a plurality of thick films may be coupled to the fabric base layer. The fabric base layer may provide strength and/or support for the plurality of thick films. The plurality of thick films may comprise differently colored thick films of substantially the same material. For example, plurality of thick films may comprise differently colored thick films of polyurethane. The plurality of thick films may comprise a top thick film and an underlying thick film. 
     Next, the marking state machine  200  can transition to a marking state  206 . At the marking state  206 , marking can be produced on the article to be marked. In particular, a fabric carrying case for a portable electronic device can be marked. 
     The marking can be provided with high resolution. As will be discussed in greater detail subsequently herein, the article may be marked by employing laser ablation to selectively etch through regions of the top thick film. The underlying thick film may be selectively exposed through selectively etched regions of the top thick film. 
     The marking can be provided with high contrast. The plurality of thick films may comprise highly contrasting, differently colored thick films. Accordingly, high contrast marking may be provided by the high contrast of the underlying thick film being selectively exposed through selectively etched regions of the top thick film. 
       FIG. 3  is a cross sectional view of an article  300  having marking alterations according to one embodiment. Fabric base layer  302  of the article  300  is depicted in the figures using stippling. An adhesive layer  304  may adherently couple a plurality of thick films  306 ,  308  to the fabric base layer  302 . A suitable adhesive may be used for the adhesive layer  304 , such as the FINE brand UA series adhesive, or in particular the FINE UA-5900 adhesive. Such adhesives may be available from FINE Chemicals Co., Ltd. having a business address at 68, Haejangseo-ro, Rokjik-jin, Ojung-gu, Soju City, Gangso, China. 
     In the figures, adhesive layer  304  is depicted using cross hatching. An underlying thick film  306  is depicted using right to left hatching. A top thick film  308  is depicted using left to right hatching. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the plurality of thick films  306  may be arranged so that a major surface of the top thick film  308  directly contacts a major surface of the underlying thick film  306 . 
     The top thick film  308  may have a thickness dimension of less than approximately fifty microns. The top thick film may have a thickness dimension of about twenty microns. The top thick film may have a thickness dimension of about ten microns. Hence, in one embodiment, the top thickness film may have a thickness within the range of 10-50 microns. However, the thickness is dependent on materials, laser, and laser processing conditions. Similarly, the underlying layer  306  may have a thickness dimension of about twenty microns. The adhesive layer  304  may have a thickness dimension of about thirty microns. However, the thickness of the underlying layer  306  and the adhesive layer  304  can vary with application. For example, the thickness of the underlying layer  306  may be substantially greater than twenty microns, and the adhesive layer  304  may be substantially greater than thirty microns. The base fabric layer may have substantial thickness, which may provide strength and/or support for the plurality of thick films  306 ,  308 . 
     Each of the plurality of thick films  306 ,  308  may comprise substantially the same material. For example, each of the plurality of thick films  306 ,  308  may comprise a plastic. Each of the plurality of thick films  306 ,  308  may comprise a reaction polymer, or more particularly may comprise a polyurethane. Each of the plurality of thick films  306 ,  308  may be non-fibrous. 
     The plurality of thick films  306 ,  308  may comprise differently colored thick films of substantially the same material. As mentioned previously herein, the differently color thick films may be highly contrasting, so as to provide for high contrast marking of the article  300 . A visual appearance of the underlying thick film  306  may be substantially lighter, or may be substantially darker than a visual appearance of the top thick film  308 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 3  regions  310  may be selectively etched through the top thick film  308 , for selectively exposing the underlying thick film  306  through the selectively etched regions  310  of the top thick film  308 . As will be discussed in greater detail subsequently herein, the selectively etched regions  310  of the top thick film  308  may be laser ablated. The selectively etched regions  310  may be arranged for marking of textual or graphical indicia on the article  300 . The selectively etched regions  310  may be arranged in a halftone pattern. 
     Various fabric articles may be marked. The marking is, in one embodiment, particularly well-suited for applying text and/or graphics to a fabric carrying case for a portable electronic device. As noted previously, examples of such portable electronic devices may be mobile telephones (e.g., cell phones), Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), portable media players, remote controllers, pointing devices (e.g., computer mouse), game controllers, tablet computers, laptop computers, etc. 
       FIG. 4A  is a flow diagram of a marking process  400 A according to one embodiment. The marking processes can be performed on a fabric article that is to be marked, and in particular, can be performed on a fabric carrying case that is to be marked. The marking process  400 A may be suitable, for example, for applying text or graphics to a fabric carrying case for a portable electronic device. The marking can be provided such that it is visible to users of the fabric carrying case. However, the marking can be placed in various different positions, surfaces or structures of the fabric carrying case. 
     In accordance with the marking process  400 A shown in  FIG. 4A , the process may begin with obtaining  402 A a fabric base layer for the article. After the fabric base layer has been obtained  402 A, an adhesive layer may be applied  404 A to the fabric base layer, and may be cured. Accordingly, the adhesive layer may be adherently coupled to the fabric base layer. 
     After the adhesive layer has been applied and cured, an underlying thick film, for example, an underlying thick film of colored polyurethane, may be applied  406 A to the adhesive layer using thick film techniques, and may be cured. After the underlying thick film has been applied and cured, a top thick film, for example, a top thick film of differently colored polyurethane, may be applied  408 A to the underlying thick film using thick film techniques, and may be cured. Accordingly, the plurality of differently colored thick films may be adherently coupled to the adhesive layer. 
     Next a laser beam may be directed  410 A to the top thick film. Using laser ablation, regions may be selectively etched  412 A through the top thick film, for selectively exposing the underlying thick film through the selectively etched regions of the top thick film. Laser ablating may employ a visible laser, or may employ an ultraviolet laser. Following the block  412 A of selectively etching the top thick film, the marking process  400 A shown in  FIG. 4A  can end. 
       FIG. 4B  is another flow diagram of another marking process according to another embodiment. Similar to the marking process  400 A and shown in FIG.  4 A as just discussed, the marking processes  400 B shown in  FIG. 4B  can be performed on a fabric article that is to be marked, and in particular, can be performed on a fabric carrying case that is to be marked. The marking process  400 B may likewise be suitable, for example, for applying text or graphics to a fabric carrying case for a portable electronic device. The marking can be provided such that it is visible to users of the fabric carrying case. However, the marking can be placed in various different positions, surfaces or structures of the fabric carrying case. 
     In accordance with the marking process  400 B shown in  FIG. 4B , the process may begin with obtaining  402 B a fabric base layer for the article. After the fabric base layer has been obtained  402 B, an adhesive layer may be applied  404 B to the fabric base layer, and may be cured. Accordingly, the adhesive layer may be adherently coupled to the fabric base layer. 
     After the adhesive layer has been applied and cured, an underlying polymer-based film, for example, an underlying thick film of colored polyurethane, may be applied  406 B to the adhesive layer using thick film techniques, and may be cured. After the underlying thick film has been applied and cured, a top polymer-based film, for example, a top polymer-based film of differently colored polyurethane, may be applied  408 B to the underlying polymer-based film using silk screening, or other thick film techniques, and may be cured. Accordingly, the plurality of differently colored polymer-based films may be adherently coupled to the adhesive layer. 
     Next a laser beam may be directed  410 B to the top polymer-based film. Using laser ablation, regions may be selectively etched  412 B through the top polymer-based film, for selectively exposing the underlying polymer-based film through the selectively etched regions of the top polymer-based film. Laser ablating may employ a visible laser, or may employ an ultraviolet laser. Following the block  412 B of selectively etching the top polymer-based film, the marking process  400 B shown in  FIG. 4B  can end. 
       FIGS. 5A-5D  are cross sectional diagrams illustrating marking according to one embodiment. Fabric base layer  502  for the article to be marked is shown in  FIG. 5A . In the figures, fabric base layer  502  is shown using stippling. 
     As shown in  FIG. 5B , an adhesive layer  504  may be applied to the fabric base layer  502 , and may be cured. Accordingly, the adhesive layer  504  may be adherently coupled to the fabric base layer  502 . In the figures adhesive layer  504  is shown using cross hatching. 
     After the adhesive layer  504  has been applied and cured, a plurality of differently colored thick films  506 ,  508  may be adherently coupled to the adhesive layer  504 , as shown in  FIG. 5C . An underlying thick film  506 , for example, an underlying thick film  506  of colored polyurethane, may be applied to the adhesive layer  504 , and may be cured. After the underlying thick film has been applied and cured, a top thick film  508 , for example, a top thick film  508  of differently colored polyurethane, may be applied to the underlying thick film  506 , and may be cured. 
     Using laser ablation as shown in  FIG. 5D , regions  510  may be selectively etched through the top thick film  508 , for selectively exposing the underlying thick film  506  through the selectively etched regions  510  of the top thick film  506 . The selectively etched regions  510  may be formed by suitably selected optical energy  507  produced by a suitably selected and operated laser  509 . Laser  509  may be a visible laser  509 , or may be an ultraviolet laser  509 . 
     The selectively etched regions  510 , in aggregation, provide marking of the fabric article  500 . The laser  507  may include a galvanometer mirror or other arrangement for raster scanning a spot of the optical energy over the top thick film  508 , so as to form selectively etched regions  510  into a rasterized depiction of marking indicia. Suitable pitch between raster scan lines of the scanning spot for the marking may be selected. For example, pitch between raster scan lines may be about forty microns, and scan speed may be about four hundred millimeters per second. 
     The top thick film  508  may be raster scanned more than once. In particular, in a case where the top thick film  508  may be substantially thicker than approximately twenty microns, additional raster scanning may provide more complete etching of material of such thicker top thick film  508 . Whereas the top thick film  508  may be scanned a first time at a first scan speed using scan lines having a first orientation, the top thick film  508  may be scanned a second time at a second scan speed using scan lines having a second orientation. The second scan speed may faster than the first scan speed. The second orientation may be angled at forty-five degrees relative to the first orientation. The second orientation may be angled at ninety degrees relative to the first orientation. 
       FIG. 6  is a table illustrating exemplary laser operation parameters according to one embodiment. In particular, the table of  FIG. 6  shows examples of various suitable laser models which may be used for marking the fabric article. The PowerLine 20E SHG is a Q-switched, frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser (532 nm green-visible wavelength) from Rofin-Sinar Laser GmbH in Bergkirchen. From the same manufacturer, The PowerLine 20E THG is a Q-switched, frequency tripled Nd:YAG laser (355 nm ultraviolet wavelength) It should be understood that the table of  FIG. 6  shows approximate exemplary laser operating parameters, and that various other laser operating parameters may be selected to provide the fluence of the optical energy that ablates the top thick film, so as to etch selectively through the top thick film, for selectively exposing the underlying thick film through the selectively etched regions of the top thick film. 
       FIG. 7  is a diagram of a magnified top view representative of a lightness halftone pattern  713  for marking according to one embodiment. A visual appearance of the underlying thick film may be substantially lighter than a visual appearance of the top thick film  708 .  FIG. 7  uses left to right hatching to depict the lightness halftone pattern  713 , which selectively exposes the lighter visual appearance of the underlying thick film through the selectively etched regions  713  of the top thick film  708 . The top thick film  708  is depicted in  FIG. 7  using stippling. Size of the selectively etched regions  713  of the top thick film  708 , as well as spaced apart arrangement of the selectively etched regions  713  of the top thick film  708  in the lightness halftone pattern  713  may be selected so as to provide a desired lightness halftoning appearance. 
       FIG. 8  is a diagram of a magnified top view representative of a darkness halftone pattern for marking according to another embodiment. A visual appearance of the underlying thick film may be substantially darker than a visual appearance of the top thick film  808 .  FIG. 8  uses cross hatching to depict the darkness halftone pattern  813 , which selectively exposes the darker visual appearance of the underlying thick film through the selectively etched regions  813  of the top thick film  808 . The top thick film  808  is depicted in  FIG. 8  using stippling. Size of the selectively etched regions  813  of the top thick film  808 , as well as spaced apart arrangement of the selectively etched regions  813  of the top thick film  808  in the darkness halftone pattern  813  may be selected so as to provide a desired darkness halftoning appearance. 
       FIG. 9  is a top view of yet another embodiment of the marked fabric case  9000 , along with a detail magnified view to show the halftone pattern  9015 . As shown in  FIG. 9  selectively etched regions  9006  may be arranged for marking of textual or graphical indicia  9006  on main body  9002  of the fabric carrying case  9000 . The halftone pattern  9015  may be a lightness halftone pattern as discussed previously herein with reference to  FIG. 7 , or may be a darkness halftone pattern as discussed previously herein with reference to  FIG. 8 . Whereas  FIGS. 7 and 8  were each greatly simplified to show just two etched dots of the lightness and darkness halftone patterns in magnified view,  FIG. 9  shows a somewhat larger number of the etched dots of halftone pattern  9015  in magnified view. 
     Size of the selectively etched regions of the top thick film, as well as spaced apart arrangement of the selectively etched regions of the top thick film in the halftone pattern  9015  may be selected so as to provide a desired halftoning appearance. For example size of each of the selectively etch regions may be etched dots sized with a diameter of approximately fifty microns or approximately sixty-five microns. Spaced apart arrangement of the selectively etched regions may be an arrangement of the etched dots spaced apart by approximately one-hundred-and-twenty microns. 
     The marking processes described herein are, for example, suitable for applying text or graphics to a fabric article. The marking processes are, in one embodiment, particularly well-suited for applying text and/or graphics to a fabric carrying case for a portable electronic device. Examples of such portable electronic devices may be mobile telephones (e.g., cell phones), Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), portable media players, remote controllers, pointing devices (e.g., computer mouse), game controllers, tablet computers, laptop computers, etc. 
     The portable electronic device can further be a hand-held electronic device. The term hand-held generally means that the electronic device has a form factor that is small enough to be comfortably held in one hand. A hand-held electronic device may be directed at one-handed operation or two-handed operation. In one-handed operation, a single hand is used to both support the device as well as to perform operations with the user interface during use. In two-handed operation, one hand is used to support the device while the other hand performs operations with a user interface during use or alternatively both hands support the device as well as perform operations during use. In some cases, the hand-held electronic device is sized for placement into a pocket of the user. By being pocket-sized, the user does not have to directly carry the device and therefore the device can be taken almost anywhere the user travels (e.g., the user is not limited by carrying a large, bulky and often heavy device). 
     The various aspects, features, embodiments or implementations of the invention described above can be used alone or in various combinations. 
     Different aspects, embodiments or implementations may, but need not, yield one or more of the following advantages. One advantage of the invention is that durable, high precision markings can be provided to fabric articles. As an example, the markings may be provided on a fabric carrying case that not only have high resolution and durability but also provide a high quality appearance. Another advantage is that the marking techniques are effective for surfaces that are flat or curved. 
     The many features and advantages of the present invention are apparent from the written description. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, the invention should not be limited to the exact construction and operation as illustrated and described. Hence, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to as falling within the scope of the invention.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20160915
Publication Date: 20190305
Grant Date: 20190305
Priority Date: 20110329
Inventors: NASHNER, MICHAEL S.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "B44C1/228", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D06H1/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B38/10", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B7/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "Y10T428/24331", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D06Q1/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B2457/00", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B41M5/24", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B2307/402", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B44C3/005", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B27/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B27/40", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "Y10T428/24331", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D06Q1/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D06H1/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B44C1/228", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B41M5/24", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B2307/402", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B27/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B38/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B65D85/84", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B44C1/22", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B27/40", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B5/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B7/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B2457/00", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B27/40", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B44C3/005", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B38/10", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "Y10T428/24331", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D06Q1/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B2457/00", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B2307/402", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B38/10", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B27/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B27/40", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B32B7/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B41M5/24", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B44C1/228", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D06H1/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 46925834