PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11209961-B2
Application Number: US-201314402087-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Device, method, and graphical user interface for manipulating user interfaces based on fingerprint sensor inputs

Abstract:
Devices, methods and graphical user interfaces for manipulating user interfaces based on fingerprint sensor inputs are provided. While a display of an electronic device with a fingerprint sensor displays a first user interface, the device may detect movement of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. In accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a first direction, the device allows navigating through the first user interface, and in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a second direction different from the first direction, the device allows displaying a second user interface different from the first user interface on the display.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method, comprising:
 at an electronic device with a fingerprint sensor and a display:
 while one or more functions of the device are restricted and a restricted user interface is displayed on the display, detecting a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; 
 in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint corresponds to authorized fingerprint data, removing the restrictions from the one or more functions of the device and displaying, on the display, an indication that the one or more functions of the device are no longer restricted; and 
 while the one or more functions of the device are not restricted:
 displaying, on the display, a user interface for a respective application including displaying a first portion of the respective application and a second portion of the respective application different from the first portion; 
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application on the display, detecting movement of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor:
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a first direction, navigating through content in the respective application in a direction determined in accordance with the first direction; 
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction, navigating through content in the respective application in a direction determined in accordance with the second direction; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction: 
  ceasing to display the first portion of the respective application while maintaining display of the second portion of the respective application; and 
  displaying a system user interface that is different from the user interface for the respective application on the display while maintaining display of the second portion of the respective application. 
 
 
 
 
     
     
       2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the third direction. 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the system user interface is a multitasking user interface that includes representations of concurrently open applications. 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 while displaying the system user interface in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the third direction, detect movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction, navigating through the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 while displaying the system user interface in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the third direction, detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in a fourth direction; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the fourth direction, ceasing to display the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein navigating through the user interface for the respective application includes navigating through the user interface for the respective application at a rate determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       7. The method of  claim 1 , wherein displaying the system user interface includes:
 displaying an animated transition of the system user interface appearing on the display, wherein the speed of the animated transition is based on a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. 
 
     
     
       8. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the fingerprint sensor is separate from the display. 
     
     
       9. The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the device includes a touch-sensitive surface; and 
 the fingerprint sensor is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. 
 
     
     
       10. The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the device includes a button; and 
 the fingerprint sensor is integrated into the button. 
 
     
     
       11. The method of  claim 10 , further comprising:
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application, detecting activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting activation of the button, replacing the user interface for the respective application with a predefined user interface associated with activating the button. 
 
     
     
       12. The method of  claim 10 , further comprising:
 while displaying the system user interface, detecting activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting activation of the button, ceasing to display the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       13. The method of  claim 10 , further comprising:
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application, detecting a double activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting double activation of the button, displaying the system user interface on the display. 
 
     
     
       14. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the system user interface is displayed proximate to an edge of the display that is closest to the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       15. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the system user interface is a multi-tasking user interface that includes representations of a plurality of most-recently used applications. 
     
     
       16. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the system user interface is a multi-tasking user interface that includes a plurality of representations, and wherein at least one of the plurality of representations corresponds to a calendar application, a photos viewer application, a camera application, or a clock application. 
     
     
       17. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the display is a touch-sensitive display separate from the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       18. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by an electronic device with a display and a fingerprint sensor, cause the device to:
 while one or more functions of the device are restricted and a restricted user interface is displayed on the display, detecting a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; 
 in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint corresponds to authorized fingerprint data, remove the restrictions from the one or more functions of the device and display, on the display, an indication that the one or more functions of the device are no longer restricted; and 
 while the one or more functions of the device are not restricted:
 display, on the display, a user interface for a respective application including displaying a first portion of the respective application and a second portion of the respective application different from the first portion; 
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application on the display, detect movement of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor:
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a first direction, navigate through content in the respective application in a direction determined in accordance with the first direction; 
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction, navigate through content in the respective application in a direction determined in accordance with the second direction; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction:
 cease to display the first portion of the respective application while maintaining display of the second portion of the respective application; and 
 display a system user interface that is different from the user interface for the respective application on the display while maintaining display of the second portion of the respective application. 
 
 
 
 
     
     
       19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the third direction. 
     
     
       20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the system user interface is a multitasking user interface that includes representations of concurrently open applications. 
     
     
       21. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the one or more programs includes further instructions, which when executed by the electronic device, further cause the device to:
 while displaying the system user interface in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the third direction, detect movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction, navigate through the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       22. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the one or more programs includes further instructions, which when executed by the electronic device, further cause the device to:
 while displaying the system user interface in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the third direction, detect movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in a fourth direction; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the fourth direction, cease to display the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       23. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein navigating through the user interface for the respective application includes navigating through the user interface for the respective application at a rate determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       24. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein displaying the system user interface includes displaying an animated transition of the system user interface appearing on the display, wherein the speed of the animated transition is based on a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       25. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the fingerprint sensor is separate from the display. 
     
     
       26. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein:
 the device includes a touch-sensitive surface; and 
 the fingerprint sensor is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. 
 
     
     
       27. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium  claim 18 , wherein:
 the device includes a button; and 
 the fingerprint sensor is integrated into the button. 
 
     
     
       28. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 27 , wherein the one or more programs includes further instructions, which when executed by the electronic device, further cause the device to:
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application, detect activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting activation of the button, replace the user interface for the respective application with a predefined user interface associated with activating the button. 
 
     
     
       29. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 27  wherein the one or more programs includes further instructions, which when executed by the electronic device, further cause the device to:
 while displaying the system user interface, detect activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting activation of the button, cease to display the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       30. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 27  wherein the one or more programs includes further instructions, which when executed by the electronic device, further cause the device to:
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application, detect a double activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting double activation of the button, display the system user interface on the display. 
 
     
     
       31. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the system user interface is displayed proximate to an edge of the display that is closest to the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       32. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the system user interface is a multi-tasking user interface that includes representations of a plurality of most-recently used applications. 
     
     
       33. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the system user interface is a multi-tasking user interface that includes a plurality of representations, and wherein at least one of the plurality of representations corresponds to a calendar application, a photos viewer application, a camera application, or a clock application. 
     
     
       34. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the display is a touch-sensitive display separate from the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       35. An electronic device, comprising:
 a display; 
 a fingerprint sensor; 
 one or more processors; and 
 memory storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
 while one or more functions of the device are restricted and a restricted user interface is displayed on the display, detecting a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; 
 in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint corresponds to authorized fingerprint data, removing the restrictions from the one or more functions of the device and displaying, on the display, an indication that the one or more functions of the device are no longer restricted; and 
 while the one or more functions of the device are not restricted:
 displaying, on the display, a user interface for a respective application including displaying a first portion of the respective application and a second portion of the respective application different from the first portion; 
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application on the display, detecting movement of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor:
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a first direction, navigating through content in the respective application in a direction determined in accordance with the first direction; 
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction, navigating through content in the respective application in a direction determined in accordance with the second direction; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction: 
  ceasing to display the first portion of the respective application while maintaining display of the second portion of the respective application; and 
  displaying a system user interface that is different from the user interface for the respective application on the display while maintaining display of the second portion of the respective application. 
 
 
 
 
     
     
       36. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the third direction. 
     
     
       37. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein the system user interface is a multitasking user interface that includes representations of concurrently open applications. 
     
     
       38. The electronic device of  claim 35 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 while displaying the system user interface in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the third direction, detect movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction, navigating through the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       39. The electronic device of  claim 35 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 while displaying the system user interface in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the third direction, detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in a fourth direction; and 
 in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the fourth direction, ceasing to display the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       40. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein navigating through the user interface for the respective application includes navigating through the user interface for the respective application at a rate determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       41. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein displaying the system user interface includes:
 displaying an animated transition of the system user interface appearing on the display, wherein the speed of the animated transition is based on a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. 
 
     
     
       42. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein the fingerprint sensor is separate from the display. 
     
     
       43. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein:
 the device includes a touch-sensitive surface; and 
 the fingerprint sensor is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. 
 
     
     
       44. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein:
 the device includes a button; and 
 the fingerprint sensor is integrated into the button. 
 
     
     
       45. The electronic device of  claim 44 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application, detecting activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting activation of the button, replacing the user interface for the respective application with a predefined user interface associated with activating the button. 
 
     
     
       46. The electronic device of  claim 44 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 while displaying the system user interface, detecting activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting activation of the button, ceasing to display the system user interface. 
 
     
     
       47. The electronic device of  claim 44 , the one or more programs further including instructions for:
 while displaying the user interface for the respective application, detecting a double activation of the button; and 
 in response to detecting double activation of the button, displaying the system user interface on the display. 
 
     
     
       48. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein the system user interface is displayed proximate to an edge of the display that is closest to the fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       49. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein the system user interface is a multi-tasking user interface that includes representations of a plurality of most-recently used applications. 
     
     
       50. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein the system user interface is a multi-tasking user interface that includes a plurality of representations, and wherein at least one of the plurality of representations corresponds to a calendar application, a photos viewer application, a camera application, or a clock application. 
     
     
       51. The electronic device of  claim 35 , wherein the display is a touch-sensitive display separate from the fingerprint sensor.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a national phase application under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/US2013/041868, “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating User Interfaces Based on Fingerprint Sensor Inputs,” filed May 20, 2013, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/794,710, filed on Mar. 15, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating User Interfaces Based on Fingerprint Sensor Inputs;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/667,926, filed Jul. 3, 2012, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating User Interfaces Based on Fingerprint Sensor Inputs;” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/649,207, filed May 18, 2012, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating User Interfaces Based on Fingerprint Sensor Inputs,” which applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This relates generally to electronic devices with fingerprint sensors, including but not limited to electronic devices with fingerprint sensors that detect inputs for manipulating user interfaces. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The use of touch-sensitive surfaces as input devices for computers and other electronic computing devices has increased significantly in recent years. Exemplary touch-sensitive surfaces include touch pads and touch screen displays. Such surfaces are widely used to manipulate user interface objects on a display. Additionally, some electronic devices include fingerprint sensors for authenticating users. 
     Exemplary manipulations include adjusting the position and/or size of one or more user interface objects or activating buttons or opening files/applications represented by user interface objects, as well as associating metadata with one or more user interface objects or otherwise manipulating user interfaces. Exemplary user interface objects include digital images, video, text, icons, control elements such as buttons and other graphics. A user will, in some circumstances, need to perform such manipulations on user interface objects in a file management program (e.g., Finder from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), an image management application (e.g., Aperture or iPhoto from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a digital content (e.g., videos and music) management application (e.g., iTunes from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a drawing application, a presentation application (e.g., Keynote from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a word processing application (e.g., Pages from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a website creation application (e.g., iWeb from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a disk authoring application (e.g., iDVD from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), or a spreadsheet application (e.g., Numbers from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.). 
     But methods for performing these manipulations are cumbersome and inefficient. In addition, these methods take longer than necessary, thereby wasting energy. This latter consideration is particularly important in battery-operated devices. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, there is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for manipulating user interfaces. Such methods and interfaces optionally complement or replace conventional methods for manipulating user interfaces. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     The above deficiencies and other problems associated with user interfaces for electronic devices with touch-sensitive surfaces are reduced or eliminated by the disclosed devices. In some embodiments, the device is a desktop computer. In some embodiments, the device is portable (e.g., a notebook computer, tablet computer, or handheld device). In some embodiments, the device has a touchpad. In some embodiments, the device has a touch-sensitive display (also known as a “touch screen” or “touch screen display”). In some embodiments, the device has a fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, the device has a graphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors, memory and one or more modules, programs or sets of instructions stored in the memory for performing multiple functions. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the GUI primarily through finger contacts and gestures on the touch-sensitive surface and/or the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, the functions optionally include image editing, drawing, presenting, word processing, website creating, disk authoring, spreadsheet making, game playing, telephoning, video conferencing, e-mailing, instant messaging, workout support, digital photographing, digital videoing, web browsing, digital music playing, and/or digital video playing. Executable instructions for performing these functions are, optionally, included in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a fingerprint sensor, a display, and/or a touch-sensitive surface, one or more processors, memory, and one or more programs; the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors and the one or more programs include instructions for performing the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, a graphical user interface on an electronic device with a fingerprint sensor, a display, optionally a touch-sensitive surface, a memory, and one or more processors to execute one or more programs stored in the memory includes one or more of the elements displayed in any of the methods described above, which are updated in response to inputs, as described in any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, a computer readable storage medium has stored therein instructions which when executed by an electronic device with a fingerprint sensor and optionally a display and/or, a touch-sensitive surface, cause the device to perform the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes: a fingerprint sensor and optionally, a display and/one or a touch-sensitive surface; and means for performing the operations of any of the methods described above. In accordance with some embodiments, an information processing apparatus, for use in an electronic device with a fingerprint sensor and optionally a display and/or a touch-sensitive surface, includes means for performing the operations of any of the methods described above. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for conveniently interacting with user interfaces (e.g., for navigating through an application, for switching from one application interface to another or for displaying a multi-tasking user interface) on a portable multi-function device. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for interacting with user interfaces (e.g., for navigating through an application user interface, switching between application user interfaces or for displaying a multi-tasking user interface). Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display and a fingerprint sensor. The method includes: displaying, on the display, a first user interface. The method further includes, while displaying the first user interface on the display, detecting movement of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. The method also includes in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor: in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a first direction, navigating through the first user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a second direction different from the first direction, displaying a second user interface different from the first user interface on the display. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display a first user interface, a fingerprint sensor unit; and a processing unit coupled to the display unit and the fingerprint sensor unit. In some embodiments, the processing unit includes a detecting unit, a navigating unit, a display enabling unit, and a replacing unit. The processing unit is configured to: while displaying the first user interface on the display, detect movement of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; and in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor: in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a first direction, navigate through the first user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a second direction different from the first direction, enable display of a second user interface different from the first user interface on the display unit. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for switching between user interfaces, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for switching between user interfaces. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces having buttons that serve multiple purposes (e.g., allowing the button, upon activation, to cause the device to perform a first operation or, alternatively, a second operation different from the first, depending on certain criteria). Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for allowing buttons to serve multiple purposes. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. For portable multifunction devices, such methods and interfaces also conserve valuable physical space on housing of the device, allowing for a larger screen and better user experience. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a button including an integrated fingerprint sensor. The method includes: detecting a fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor. The method further includes, while continuing to detect the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor, detecting activation of the button. The method further includes, in response to detecting activation of the button and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint was not continuously detected on the integrated fingerprint sensor for more than a predetermined period of time prior to detecting activation of the button, performing a first operation, where the first operation is a predefined operation associated with activation of the button. The method further includes, in response to detecting activation of the button and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint was continuously detected on the integrated fingerprint sensor for more than the predetermined period of time prior to detecting activation of the button, performing a second operation different from the first operation, where the second operation is an operation associated with a user interface displayed on the display immediately prior to detecting activation of the button. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a button unit with an integrated fingerprint sensor unit; and a processing unit coupled to the button unit. The processing unit is configured to: detect a fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit. The processing unit is further configured to: while continuing to detect the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit, detect activation of the button unit. The processing unit is further configured to: in response to detecting activation of the button unit and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint was not continuously detected on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit for more than a predetermined period of time prior to detecting activation of the button unit, perform a first operation, wherein the first operation is a predefined operation associated with activation of the button unit. The processing unit is further configured to: in response to detecting activation of the button unit and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint was continuously detected on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit for more than the predetermined period of time prior to detecting activation of the button unit, perform a second operation different from the first operation, wherein the second operation is an operation associated with a user interface displayed on the display unit immediately prior to detecting activation of the button unit. 
     Thus, electronic devices with buttons with integrated fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for allowing said buttons to serve multiple purposes, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for allowing buttons to serve multiple purposes. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for locking an orientation of a user interface. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for locking an orientation of a user interface. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display and a fingerprint sensor. The method includes: displaying a user interface on the display, where the user interface has a first orientation-specific mode of operation associated with a first orientation of the device and a second orientation-specific mode of operation that is associated with a second orientation of the device that is different from the first orientation of the device; while the orientation of the user interface is not locked, displaying the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation when the device is in the first orientation, and displaying the user interface in the second orientation-specific mode of operation when the device is in the second orientation; detecting a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; while the user interface is in the first orientation-specific mode of operation, detecting rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in a first direction; in response to detecting rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction, locking the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation; and while the user interface is locked in the first orientation-specific mode of operation, detecting that the device is in the second orientation and maintaining the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display a user interface, where the user interface has a first orientation-specific mode of operation associated with a first orientation of the device and a second orientation-specific mode of operation that is associated with a second orientation of the device that is different from the first orientation of the device, a fingerprint sensor unit; and a processing unit coupled to the display unit and the fingerprint sensor unit. The processing unit is configured to: while the orientation of the user interface is not locked: enable display of the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation when the device is in the first orientation, and enable display of the user interface in the second orientation-specific mode of operation when the device is in the second orientation; detect a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit; while the user interface is in the first orientation-specific mode of operation, detect rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit in a first direction; in response to detecting rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit in the first direction, lock the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation; and while the user interface is locked in the first orientation-specific mode of operation, detect that the device is in the second orientation and maintain the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for locking an orientation of user interface, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for locking an orientation of user interface. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a fingerprint sensor. The method includes recording media with the device, where recording the media includes recording audio. The method further includes, while recording the media, reducing, in the recorded audio, noise occurring on a first side of the device, detecting a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor and, in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, ceasing to reduce noise occurring on the first side of the device. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a fingerprint sensor unit configured to detect fingerprints and a processing unit coupled to the fingerprint sensor unit. The processing unit is configured to record media with the device, where recording the media includes recording audio. The processing unit is further configured to, while recording the media, reduce, in the recorded audio, noise occurring on a first side of the device, detect a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit, and, in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit, cease to reduce noise occurring on the first side of the device. 
     Thus, electronic devices with fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for performing operations that are adapted for a current user of the device. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods that are adapted for a current user of the device. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display, a respective input element, and a fingerprint sensor. The method includes: obtaining a plurality of profiles, where the plurality of profiles includes one or more user-specific profiles and one or more class-based profiles, distinct from the user-specific profiles, that each correspond to a respective class of users; detecting a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor; selecting one or more class-based profiles associated with the device as active profiles that correspond to the first fingerprint without regard to authentication of the first fingerprint as a previously registered fingerprint, including, in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint corresponds to a fingerprint of a user in a first class of users that are associated with a first class-based profile, selecting the first class-based profile as an active profile; receiving an input with the respective input element, wherein the input corresponds to a request to perform one or more operations at the device; and in response to receiving the input with the respective input element while the first class-based profile is selected as an active profile, performing a respective operation based on the request and the first class-based profile. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit, a respective input element unit, a fingerprint sensor unit, and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, the respective input element unit, and the fingerprint sensor unit. In some embodiments, the processing unit includes an obtaining unit, a detecting unit, a selecting unit, a performing unit, a determining unit, and an identifying unit. The processing unit is configured to: obtain a plurality of profiles, where the plurality of profiles includes one or more user-specific profiles and one or more class-based profiles, distinct from the user-specific profiles, that each correspond to a respective class of users; detect a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit; select one or more class-based profiles associated with the device as active profiles that correspond to the first fingerprint without regard to authentication of the first fingerprint as a previously registered fingerprint, including, in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint corresponds to a fingerprint of a user in a first class of users that are associated with a first class-based profile, select the first class-based profile as an active profile; receive an input with the respective input element unit, where the input corresponds to a request to perform one or more operations at the device; and in response to receiving the input with the respective input element unit while the first class-based profile is selected as an active profile, perform a respective operation based on the request and the first class-based profile. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, respective input elements, and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for performing operations that are adapted for a current user of the device, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for performing operations based on a class-based profile. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for changing logging preferences based on fingerprints. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for changing logging preferences. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. For portable multifunction devices, such methods and interfaces allow lost or stolen devices to be more easily recovered. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display, a respective input element and a fingerprint sensor. The method includes: detecting a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor and determining whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device. The method further includes, after determining whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device and in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint is associated with a respective user profile associated with the device, setting the respective user profile as an active profile. The method further includes, after determining whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device and in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint is not associated with any user profile associated with the device, setting a default profile as an active profile. The method further includes, receiving an input with the respective input element, where the input corresponds to a request to perform a requested operation. The method further includes, in response to receiving the input with the respective input element and in accordance with a determination that the respective user profile is the active profile, performing a first set of one or more operations associated with the requested operation in accordance with logging preferences of the respective user profile. The method further includes, in response to receiving the input with the respective input element and in accordance with a determination that the respective user profile is the active profile, in accordance with a determination that the default profile is the active profile, performing a second set of operations associated with the requested operation in accordance with logging preferences of the default profile. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a respective input unit configured to receive an input, wherein the input corresponds to a request to perform a requested operation; a fingerprint sensor unit; and a processing unit coupled to the fingerprint sensor unit and the respective input unit, the processing unit configured to: detect a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit and determine whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device. The processing unit is further configured to, after determining whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device: in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint is associated with a respective user profile associated with the device, set the respective user profile as an active profile; and in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint is not associated with any user profile associated with the device, set a default profile as an active profile. The processing unit is further configured to, in response to receiving the input with the respective input unit: in accordance with a determination that the respective user profile is the active profile, perform a first set of one or more operations associated with the requested operation in accordance with logging preferences of the respective user profile; and in accordance with a determination that the default profile is the active profile, perform a second set of operations associated with the requested operation in accordance with logging preferences of the default profile. 
     Thus, electronic devices with input elements and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for changing logging preferences based on fingerprints, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for changing logging preferences. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information (e.g., when the fingerprint-verification information meets respective authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation). Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for performing a respective restricted operation based. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method includes obtaining fingerprint-verification criteria for controlling verification of fingerprints. For each of a plurality of respective inputs that correspond to respective restricted operations, the method further includes identifying fingerprint features of the respective input and determining fingerprint-verification information for the respective input based at least in part on: a comparison between the fingerprint features of the respective input and fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints; and the fingerprint-verification criteria. Finally, in response to detecting the respective input, the method includes: in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information meets respective authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation, performing the respective restricted operation; and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information does not meet the respective authorization criteria for the restricted operation, forgoing performing the respective restricted operation. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display information; a fingerprint sensor unit; and a processing unit coupled to the display unit and the fingerprint sensor unit. The processing unit is configured to obtain fingerprint-verification criteria for controlling verification of fingerprints. For each of a plurality of respective inputs that correspond to respective restricted operations, the processing unit is further configured to identify fingerprint features of the respective input and determine fingerprint-verification information for the respective input based at least in part on: a comparison between the fingerprint features of the respective input and fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints; and the fingerprint-verification criteria. Finally, in response to detecting the respective input, the processing unit is configured to: in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information meets respective authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation, perform the respective restricted operation; and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information does not meet the respective authorization criteria for the restricted operation, forgo performance of the respective restricted operation. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for performing a respective restricted operation. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for associating identity and location information. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for associating identity and location information. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display and a fingerprint sensor. The method includes displaying a map on the display and detecting an activation input. The activation input is associated with a displayed location on the map that corresponds to a respective geographic location, and a fingerprint detected on the fingerprint sensor. The method further includes, in response to detecting the activation input, identifying a user that corresponds to the fingerprint, and performing an operation associated with the respective geographic location and the user. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured display a map; a fingerprint sensor unit configured to detect a fingerprint and a processing unit coupled to the display unit and the fingerprint sensor unit. In some embodiments, the display unit is a touch-sensitive display unit and the fingerprint sensor unit detects fingerprints on the touch-sensitive display unit. The processing unit is configured to: detect an activation input, the activation input being associated with: a displayed location on the map that corresponds to a respective geographic location and a fingerprint detected on the fingerprint sensor unit; and, in response to detecting the activation input: identify a user that corresponds to the fingerprint, and perform an operation associated with the respective geographic location and the user. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for associating identity and location information, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for associating identity and location information. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for enabling one or more users to create and define their own personal workspace or work area. Accordingly, the disclosed embodiments provide methods for assigning respective workspaces to one or more users based on a detection of the users&#39; fingerprints in the contacts that the user places on the touch-sensitive surface to define the bounds of a respective workspace within a bigger shared workspace on a multifunction device, and to associate their respective workspace with their respective custom user-settings based on their individual preferences. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for assigning workspaces to one or more users. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and a fingerprint sensor. The method includes: detecting a first set of one or more inputs on the touch-sensitive surface that define a first area of the touch-sensitive surface. The method further includes, after detecting the first set of one or more inputs: determining that the first set of one or more inputs includes a first contact that includes a first fingerprint associated with a first user; and associating the first area of the touch-sensitive surface with the first user based at least in part on the determination that the first set of one or more inputs includes the first contact that includes the first fingerprint associated with the first user. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display one or more user interface objects, a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit, a fingerprint sensor unit; and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, the touch-sensitive surface unit, and the fingerprint sensor unit. The processing unit is configured to: detect a first set of one or more inputs on the touch-sensitive surface unit that define a first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit; and after detecting the first set of one or more inputs: determine that the first set of one or more inputs includes a first contact that includes a first fingerprint associated with a first user; and associate the first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit with the first user based at least in part on the determination that the first set of one or more inputs includes the first contact that includes the first fingerprint associated with the first user. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces, and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for associating areas of a touch-sensitive surface with one or more users, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for assigning workspaces to one or more users. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for training a user on proper fingering techniques used, for example, when typing on a computer keyboard or depressing a key on a musical keyboard (e.g., playing a piano). Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for training a user on proper fingering techniques. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: displaying a user interface including a respective activatable user interface object and detecting a fingerprint pattern of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to a focus selector that is over the respective activatable user interface object on the display. The method also includes, in response to detecting the fingerprint pattern of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the focus selector that is over the respective activatable user interface object on the display: analyzing the fingerprint pattern of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface to determine one or more fingering characteristics of the contact and determining whether the contact meets predefined preferred fingering criteria based on the one or more fingering characteristics. The method further includes, in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, providing feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met and, in accordance with a determination that the contact meets the preferred fingering criteria, performing an operation associated with the activatable user interface object. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display a user interface, a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive user contacts, and a processing unit coupled to the display unit and the touch-sensitive surface unit. The processing unit configured to enable display of a user interface including a respective activatable user interface object and to detect a fingerprint pattern of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit that corresponds to a focus selector that is over the respective activatable user interface object on the display unit. The processing unit is also configured to, in response to detecting the fingerprint pattern of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit that corresponds to the focus selector that is over the respective activatable user interface object on the display unit, analyze the fingerprint pattern of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit to determine one or more fingering characteristics of the contact and determine whether the contact meets predefined preferred fingering criteria based on the one or more fingering characteristics. The processing unit is further configured to, in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, provide feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met and, in accordance with a determination that the contact meets the preferred fingering criteria, perform an operation associated with the activatable user interface object. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for operating a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for operating a touch-sensitive surface. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: detecting a contact in a first region of the touch-sensitive surface, where the first region of the touch-sensitive surface is in a reduced-sensitivity mode of operation; in response to detecting the contact: determining whether the contact meets one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria; in accordance with a determination that the contact meets the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, operating the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation; and in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, continuing to operate the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in the reduced-sensitivity mode of operation. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit, a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive contacts, and a processing unit coupled to the display unit and the touch-sensitive surface unit. The processing unit is configured to: detect a contact in a first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit, where the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit is in a reduced-sensitivity mode of operation; in response to detecting the contact: determine whether the contact meets fingerprint-sensor activation criteria; in accordance with a determination that the contact meets the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, operate the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation; and in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, continue to operate the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit in the reduced-sensitivity mode of operation 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays and touch-sensitive surfaces are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for operating a touch-sensitive surface by operating a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for operating a touch-sensitive surface. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for performing specific operations on devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for performing specific operations on devices. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: associating a first fingerprint with a first operation; displaying, on the display, a respective user interface that includes affordances for performing a plurality of operations other than the first operation; while displaying the respective user interface that includes affordances for performing the plurality of operations other than the first operation, detecting a first gesture that includes detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface; and in response to detecting the first gesture, performing the first operation. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display a respective user interface that includes affordances for performing a plurality of operations other than a first operation, a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive gestures, and a processing unit coupled to the display unit and the touch-sensitive surface unit. The processing unit is configured to: associate a first fingerprint with the first operation; while enabling display of the respective user interface that includes affordances for performing the plurality of operations other than the first operation, detect a first gesture that includes detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit; and in response to detecting the first gesture, perform the first operation 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays touch-sensitive surfaces and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for performing operations associated with fingerprint gestures, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for performing operations associated with fingerprint gestures. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for displaying a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for displaying a respective control for a user interface. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and a fingerprint sensor. The method includes displaying a user interface on the display. The method further includes detecting a first fingerprint associated with moving a respective control for the user interface on the touch-sensitive surface, where the first fingerprint corresponds to a focus selector at a first location on the display that does not include the respective control. In response to detecting the first fingerprint, the method includes displaying the respective control at the first location on the display. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display a user interface; a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive one or more contacts; a fingerprint sensor unit; and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, the touch-sensitive surface unit and the fingerprint sensor unit. The processing unit is configured to: detect a first fingerprint associated with moving a respective control for the user interface on the touch-sensitive surface unit, where the first fingerprint corresponds to a focus selector at a first location on the display unit that does not include the respective control; and in response to detecting the first fingerprint, enable display of the respective control at the first location on the display unit. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for displaying a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for displaying a respective control for a user interface. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display and a fingerprint sensor. The method includes: detecting a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor of the first electronic device at a first time, where the first fingerprint is registered to a respective user. The method also includes receiving a communication from a second electronic device, distinct from the first electronic device, that includes information indicating that a second fingerprint was detected on a fingerprint sensor of the second device at a second time. The method further includes, in response to detecting the first fingerprint and receiving the communication from the second electronic device: determining whether predefined auxiliary-display criteria have been met, where the auxiliary-display criteria include a criterion that is met when the second fingerprint is registered to the respective user. The method further includes, in accordance with a determination that the auxiliary-display criteria are met, sending a response to the second electronic device that enables the second electronic device to be configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device; and in accordance with a determination that the auxiliary display criteria are not met, foregoing sending the response to the second electronic device that enables the second electronic device to be configured as the auxiliary display for the first electronic device. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display a user interface, a fingerprint sensor unit, and a processing unit coupled to the display unit and the fingerprint sensor unit. The processing unit is configured to detect a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit of the first electronic device at a first time, where the first fingerprint is registered to a respective user. The processing unit is also configured to receive a communication from a second electronic device, distinct from the first electronic device, that includes information indicating that a second fingerprint was detected on a fingerprint sensor unit of the second device at a second time. The processing unit is further configured, in response to detecting the first fingerprint and receiving the communication from the second electronic device, to determine whether predefined auxiliary-display criteria have been met, where the auxiliary-display criteria include a criterion that is met when the second fingerprint is registered to the respective user. The processing unit is further configured to, in accordance with a determination that the auxiliary-display criteria are met, send a response to the second electronic device that enables the second electronic device to be configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device; and in accordance with a determination that the auxiliary-display criteria are not met, forego sending the response to the second electronic device that enables the second electronic device to be configured as the auxiliary display for the first electronic device. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for changing beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for changing beamforming parameters. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display and a fingerprint sensor. While a first fingerprint is detected in a first orientation on the fingerprint sensor, the method includes operating a set of one or more audio elements in accordance with a first set of beamforming parameters. The method further includes: detecting a subsequent fingerprint having a second orientation different from the first orientation on the fingerprint sensor, where the subsequent fingerprint is selected from a set consisting of the first fingerprint with a changed orientation and a second fingerprint distinct from the first fingerprint; and in response to detecting the subsequent fingerprint having the second orientation on the fingerprint sensor, operating the set of one or more audio elements in accordance with a second set of beamforming parameters different from the first set of beamforming parameters. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display information; a fingerprint sensor; a set of one or more audio units configured to generate and/or capture audio signals; and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, the fingerprint sensor unit and the set of one or more audio units. While a first fingerprint is detected in a first orientation on the fingerprint sensor unit, the processing unit is configured to operate the set of one or more audio units in accordance with a first set of beamforming parameters. The processing unit is further configured to: detect a subsequent fingerprint having a second orientation different from the first orientation on the fingerprint sensor unit, where the subsequent fingerprint is selected from a set consisting of the first fingerprint with a changed orientation and a second fingerprint distinct from the first fingerprint; and in response to detecting the subsequent fingerprint having the second orientation on the fingerprint sensor unit, operate the set of one or more audio units in accordance with a second set of beamforming parameters different from the first set of beamforming parameters. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays and fingerprint sensors are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for changing beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for changing beamforming parameters. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures. 
         FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction device with a touch-sensitive display and a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screen and a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a plurality of sensors including a fingerprint sensor and, optionally a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4A  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4B  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunction device with a fingerprint sensor and a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4C  illustrates a schematic representation of a two hands with associated fingerprints in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4D  illustrates different types of rotation of a fingerprint on a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 5A-5N  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for interacting with user interfaces in accordance with movement of a finger on a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 6A-6C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of interacting with user interfaces in accordance with movement of a finger on a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 7  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 8A-8O  illustrate exemplary user interfaces to be used in conjunction with multi-purpose buttons in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 9A-9C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of allowing a button to serve multiple purposes in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 10  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 11A-11F  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for locking an orientation of user interface in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 12A-12B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of locking an orientation of user interface in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 13  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 14A-14D  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 15  is a flow diagram illustrating a method of controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 16  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 17A-17K  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for performing operations based on a class-based profile in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 18A-18B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of performing operations based on a class-based profile in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 19  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 20A-20F  illustrate exemplary user interfaces implemented on devices that change logging preferences based on fingerprints. 
         FIGS. 21A-21B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of changing logging preferences based on fingerprints, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 22  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 23A-23G  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 24A-24D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 25  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 26A-26G  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for associating identity and location information in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 27  is a flow diagram illustrating a method of associating identity and location information in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 28  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 29A-29S  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for assigning workspaces to one or more users in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 30A-30B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of assigning workspaces to one or more users in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 31  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 32A-32S  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for training a user on proper fingering techniques in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 33A-33C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of training a user on proper fingering techniques in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 34  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 35A-35J  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for operating a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 36A-36B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of operating a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 37  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 38A-38P  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for performing operations associated with fingerprint gestures in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 39A-39E  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of performing operations associated with fingerprint gestures in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 40  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 41A-41K  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for displaying a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 42A-42C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of displaying a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 43  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 44A-44EE  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 45A-45D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 46  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 47A-47L  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for changing beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 48A-48B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of changing beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 49  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The methods, devices and GUIs described herein respond to inputs on a fingerprint sensor instead of, or in addition to, inputs on a touch-sensitive surface or other input device. In some implementations, a touch-sensitive surface with a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges is used as a fingerprint sensor. When a fingerprint sensor is used without a separate touch-sensitive surface, the fingerprint sensor can serve as a substitute for many of the functions of the touch-sensitive surface with a much smaller form factor, as the fingerprint sensor can detect movement of a contact over the fingerprint sensor even when the fingerprint has an area that is as large as or larger than the area of the fingerprint sensor. When a fingerprint sensor is used in addition to a separate touch-sensitive surface, the fingerprint sensor can augment the touch-sensitive surface by providing accurate detection of twisting motions of a contact, identifying different fingerprints of fingers that are used to perform gestures on the fingerprint sensor, and identifying a current user of the device. Additionally, when a fingerprint sensor is used in addition to a separate touchscreen display, the fingerprint sensor can detect touch inputs in situations where it is advantageous to avoid having fingers obscuring portions of the display (e.g., while viewing a map, a video or a game). When the touch-sensitive surface is used as a fingerprint sensor, the touch-sensitive surface optionally has spatial resolution settings that can be defined so as to switch the touch-sensitive surface (or regions of the touch-sensitive surface) between a low-resolution mode and a high-resolution mode automatically, without user intervention. In many situations the low-resolution mode consumes less power than the high-resolution mode. An advantage of operating the touch-sensitive surface in a low-resolution mode when fingerprint detection is not needed and switching the touch-sensitive surface, or a region of the touch-sensitive surface, to high-resolution mode on an as-needed basis is that such an approach conserves power while still providing high-resolution fingerprint feature sensing as-needed to improve the user experience of using the device. In implementations where the touch-sensitive surface is used as a fingerprint sensor, the term “fingerprint sensor” is used to refer to the touch-sensitive surface, or a region of the touch-sensitive surface, that is currently in high-resolution mode. 
     A number of different approaches to providing an intuitive user interface where inputs from one or more fingerprint sensors are used to manipulate a user interface of an electronic device are described below. Using one or more of these approaches (optionally in conjunction with each other) helps to provide a user interface that intuitively provides users with additional information and functionality, thereby reducing the user&#39;s cognitive burden and improving the human-machine interface. Such improvements in the human-machine interface enable users to use the device faster and more efficiently. For battery-operated devices, these improvements conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. For ease of explanation, systems, methods and user interfaces for including illustrative examples of some of these approaches are described below, as follows:
         Below,  FIGS. 5A-5N  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for interacting with user interfaces in accordance with movement of a finger on a fingerprint sensor.  FIGS. 6A-6C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of interacting with user interfaces in accordance with movement of a finger on a fingerprint sensor. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 5A-5N  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 6A-6C .   Below,  FIGS. 8A-8O  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for allowing buttons to serve multiple purposes.  FIGS. 9A-9C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of allowing buttons to serve multiple purposes. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 8A-8O  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 9A-9C .   Below,  FIGS. 11A-11F  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for locking an orientation of user interface.  FIGS. 12A-12B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of locking an orientation of user interface. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 11A-11F  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 12A-12B .   Below,  FIGS. 14A-14D  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor.  FIG. 15  is a flow diagram illustrating a method of controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 14A-14D  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIG. 15 .   Below,  FIGS. 17A-17K  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for performing operations based on a class-based profile.  FIGS. 18A-18B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of performing operations based on a class-based profile. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 17A-17K  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 18A-18B .   Below,  FIGS. 20A-20F  illustrate exemplary user interfaces implemented on devices that change logging preferences based on fingerprints.  FIGS. 21A-21B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of changing logging preferences based on fingerprints. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 20A-20F  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 21A-21B .   Below,  FIGS. 23A-23G  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information.  FIGS. 24A-24D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 23A-23G  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 24A-24D .   Below,  FIGS. 26A-26G  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for associating identity and location information.  FIG. 27  is a flow diagram illustrating a method of associating identity and location information. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 26A-26G  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIG. 27 .   Below,  FIGS. 29A-29S  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for associating areas of a touch-sensitive surface with one or more users.  FIGS. 30A-30B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of associating areas of a touch-sensitive surface with one or more users. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 29A-29S  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 30A-30B .   Below,  FIGS. 32A-32S  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for training a user on proper fingering techniques.  FIGS. 33A-33C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of training a user on proper fingering techniques. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 32A-32S  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 33A-33C .   Below,  FIGS. 35A-35J  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for operating a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation.  FIGS. 36A-36B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of operating a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 35A-35J  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 36A-36B .   Below,  FIGS. 38A-38P  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for performing operations associated with fingerprint gestures.  FIGS. 39A-39E  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of performing operations associated with fingerprint gestures. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 38A-38P  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 39A-39E .   Below,  FIGS. 41A-41K  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for displaying a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control.  FIGS. 42A-42C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of displaying a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 41A-41K  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 42A-42C .   Below,  FIGS. 44A-44EE  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device.  FIGS. 45A-45D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 44A-44EE  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 45A-45D .   Below,  FIGS. 47A-47L  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for changing beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation.  FIGS. 48A-48B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of changing beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 47A-47L  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 48A-48B .       

     Exemplary Devices 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the various described embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. are, in some instances, used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first contact could be termed a second contact, and, similarly, a second contact could be termed a first contact, without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments. The first contact and the second contact are both contacts, but they are not the same contact. 
     The terminology used in the description of the various described embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various described embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     As used herein, the term “if” is, optionally, construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” is, optionally, construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context. 
     Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as a mobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touch pads), are, optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screen display and/or a touch pad). 
     In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should be understood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick. 
     The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a workout support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that are executed on the device optionally use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface as well as corresponding information displayed on the device are, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the device optionally supports the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user. 
     Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices with touch-sensitive displays.  FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating portable multifunction device  100  with touch-sensitive displays  112  in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display  112  is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and is sometimes known as or called a touch-sensitive display system. Device  100  includes memory  102  (which optionally includes one or more computer readable storage mediums), memory controller  122 , one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  120 , peripherals interface  118 , RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  106 , other input or control devices  116 , and external port  124 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more optical sensors  164 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on device  100  (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100 ). Device  100  optionally includes one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs on device  100  (e.g., generating tactile outputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100  or touchpad  355  of device  300 ). These components optionally communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  103 . 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values that includes at least four distinct values and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., a weighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are converted to an estimated force or pressure and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output” refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component (e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relative to a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user with the user&#39;s sense of touch. For example, in situations where the device or the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a user that is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of a user&#39;s hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or the component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally, interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensation such as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user&#39;s movements. As another example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a user will be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a large majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “up click,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that will generate the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user. 
     It should be appreciated that device  100  is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device  100  optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG. 1A  are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  102  optionally includes high-speed random access memory and optionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  102  by other components of device  100 , such as CPU  120  and the peripherals interface  118 , is, optionally, controlled by memory controller  122 . 
     Peripherals interface  118  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU  120  and memory  102 . The one or more processors  120  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  102  to perform various functions for device  100  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, peripherals interface  118 , CPU  120 , and memory controller  122  are, optionally, implemented on a single chip, such as chip  104 . In some other embodiments, they are, optionally, implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  108  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  108  optionally communicates with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , and microphone  113  provide an audio interface between a user and device  100 . Audio circuitry  110  receives audio data from peripherals interface  118 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  111 . Speaker  111  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  113  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  118  for processing. Audio data is, optionally, retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  102  and/or RF circuitry  108  by peripherals interface  118 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  110  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  212 ,  FIG. 2 ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  110  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  106  couples input/output peripherals on device  100 , such as touch screen  112  and other input control devices  116 , to peripherals interface  118 . I/O subsystem  106  optionally includes display controller  156 , optical sensor controller  158 , intensity sensor controller  159 , haptic feedback controller  161  and one or more input controllers  160  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  160  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  116 . The other input control devices  116  optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  160  are, optionally, coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  208 ,  FIG. 2 ) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  111  and/or microphone  113 . The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g.,  206 ,  FIG. 2 ). 
     Touch-sensitive display  112  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller  156  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen  112 . Touch screen  112  displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output corresponds to user-interface objects. 
     Touch screen  112  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen  112  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen  112  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  optionally detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally has a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user optionally makes contact with touch screen  112  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  100  optionally includes a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen  112  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  100  also includes power system  162  for powering the various components. Power system  162  optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more optical sensors  164 .  FIG. 1A  shows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller  158  in I/O subsystem  106 . Optical sensor  164  optionally includes charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor  164  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), optical sensor  164  optionally captures still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display is enabled for use as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image is, optionally, obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165 .  FIG. 1A  shows a contact intensity sensor coupled to intensity sensor controller  159  in I/O subsystem  106 . Contact intensity sensor  165  optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors  166 .  FIG. 1A  shows proximity sensor  166  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, proximity sensor  166  is coupled to input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touch screen  112  when the multifunction device is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators  167 .  FIG. 1A  shows a tactile output generator coupled to haptic feedback controller  161  in I/O subsystem  106 . Tactile output generator  167  optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices such as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on the device). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module  133  and generates tactile outputs on device  100  that are capable of being sensed by a user of device  100 . In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in/out of a surface of device  100 ) or laterally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as a surface of device  100 ). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more accelerometers  168 .  FIG. 1A  shows accelerometer  168  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, accelerometer  168  is, optionally, coupled to an input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. Device  100  optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s)  168 , a magnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  100 . 
     In some embodiments, device  100  also includes (or is in communication with) one or more fingerprint sensors  169 .  FIG. 1A  shows fingerprint sensor  169  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, fingerprint sensors  169  are, optionally, coupled to an input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . However, in one common embodiment, fingerprint identification operations are performed using secured dedicated computing hardware (e.g., one or more processors, memory and/or communications busses) that has additional security features so as to enhance security of the fingerprint information determined by the fingerprint sensors. As used herein, a fingerprint sensor is a sensor that is capable of distinguishing fingerprint features (sometimes called “minutia features”) of the ridges and valleys of skin such as those found on the fingers and toes of humans. A fingerprint sensor can use any of a variety of techniques to distinguish the fingerprint features, including but not limited to: optical fingerprint imaging, ultrasonic fingerprint imaging, active capacitance fingerprint imaging and passive capacitance fingerprint imaging. In addition to distinguishing fingerprint features in fingerprints, in some embodiments, fingerprint sensor  169  is capable of tracking movement of fingerprint features over time and thereby determining/characterizing movement of the fingerprint over time on the fingerprint sensor. While the fingerprint sensor (e.g., Fingerprint Sensor  169 ) in  FIG. 1A  is shown as being separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Touch-Sensitive Display System  112 ), it should be understood that in some implementations, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Touch-Sensitive Display System  112 ) has a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges and is used as a fingerprint sensor instead of, or in addition to, a separate fingerprint sensor (e.g., Fingerprint Sensor  169 ). In some embodiments, device  100  includes a set of one or more orientation sensors that are used to determine an orientation of a finger or hand on or proximate to the device (e.g., an orientation of a finger that is over fingerprint sensor  169 ). Additionally, in some embodiments, the set of one or more orientation sensors are used in addition to or instead of a fingerprint sensor to detect rotation of a contact that is interacting with the device (e.g., in one or more of the methods described below, instead of using a fingerprint sensor to detect rotation of a fingerprint/contact, the set of one or more orientation sensors is used to detect rotation of the contact that includes the fingerprint, with or without detecting features of the fingerprint). 
     In some embodiments, features of fingerprints and comparisons between features of detected fingerprints and features of stored fingerprints are performed by secured dedicated computing hardware (e.g., one or more processors, memory and/or communications busses) that are separate from processors  120 , so as to improve security of the fingerprint data generated, stored and processed by fingerprint sensor  169 . In some embodiments, features of fingerprints and comparisons between features of detected fingerprints and features of stored fingerprints are performed by processors  120  using fingerprint analysis module  131 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  102  include operating system  126 , communication module (or set of instructions)  128 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  130 , fingerprint analysis module  131 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  132 , text input module (or set of instructions)  134 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  135 , and applications (or sets of instructions)  136 . Furthermore, in some embodiments memory  102  stores device/global internal state  157 , as shown in  FIGS. 1A and 3 . Device/global internal state  157  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display  112 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and input control devices  116 ; and location information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  126  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  128  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  124  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  108  and/or external port  124 . External port  124  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the 30-pin connector used on iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices. 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects contact with touch screen  112  (in conjunction with display controller  156 ) and other touch sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module  130  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact), determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module  130  receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  and display controller  156  detect contact on a touchpad. 
     In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device  100 ). For example, a mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of a large range of predefined thresholds values without changing the trackpad or touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjusting one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity” parameter). 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns (e.g., different motions, timings, and/or intensities of detected contacts). Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event. 
     Graphics module  132  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen  112  or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast or other visual property) of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. 
     In some embodiments, graphics module  132  stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module  132  receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller  156 . 
     Haptic feedback module  133  includes various software components for generating instructions used by tactile output generator(s)  167  to produce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device  100  in response to user interactions with device  100 . 
     Text input module  134 , which is, optionally, a component of graphics module  132 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  137 , e-mail  140 , IM  141 , browser  147 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     GPS module  135  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone  138  for use in location-based dialing, to camera  143  as picture/video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets). 
     Applications  136  optionally include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
         contacts module  137  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   telephone module  138 ;   video conferencing module  139 ;   e-mail client module  140 ;   instant messaging (IM) module  141 ;   workout support module  142 ;   camera module  143  for still and/or video images;   image management module  144 ;   browser module  147 ;   calendar module  148 ;   widget modules  149 , which optionally include one or more of: weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , dictionary widget  149 - 5 , and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   widget creator module  150  for making user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   search module  151 ;   video and music player module  152 , which is, optionally, made up of a video player module and a music player module;   notes module  153 ;   map module  154 ; and/or   online video module  155 .       

     Examples of other applications  136  that are, optionally, stored in memory  102  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , contacts module  137  are, optionally, used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state  192  of contacts module  137  in memory  102  or memory  370 ), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  138 , video conference  139 , e-mail  140 , or IM  141 ; and so forth. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , telephone module  138  are, optionally, used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in address book  137 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , contact list  137 , and telephone module  138 , videoconferencing module  139  includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140  includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module  144 , e-mail client module  140  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  143 . 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the instant messaging module  141  includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , map module  154 , and music player module  146 , workout support module  142  includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store and transmit workout data. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and image management module  144 , camera module  143  includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  102 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory  102 . 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and camera module  143 , image management module  144  includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , browser module  147  includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , calendar module  148  includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , widget modules  149  are mini-applications that are, optionally, downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , and dictionary widget  149 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget  149 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget creator module  150  are, optionally, used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , search module  151  includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  102  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , and browser module  147 , video and music player module  152  includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch screen  112  or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ). In some embodiments, device  100  optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , notes module  153  includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , and browser module  147 , map module  154  are, optionally, used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location; and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , online video module  155  includes instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module  141 , rather than e-mail client module  140 , is used to send a link to a particular online video. 
     Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  102  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, device  100  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device  100 , the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device  100  is, optionally, reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device  100  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that is displayed on device  100 . In such embodiments, a “menu button” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  (in  FIG. 1A ) or  370  ( FIG. 3 ) includes event sorter  170  (e.g., in operating system  126 ) and a respective application  136 - 1  (e.g., any of the aforementioned applications  137 - 13 ,  155 ,  380 - 390 ). 
     Event sorter  170  receives event information and determines the application  136 - 1  and application view  191  of application  136 - 1  to which to deliver the event information. Event sorter  170  includes event monitor  171  and event dispatcher module  174 . In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes application internal state  192 , which indicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch sensitive display  112  when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device/global internal state  157  is used by event sorter  170  to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, and application internal state  192  is used by event sorter  170  to determine application views  191  to which to deliver event information. 
     In some embodiments, application internal state  192  includes additional information, such as one or more of: resume information to be used when application  136 - 1  resumes execution, user interface state information that indicates information being displayed or that is ready for display by application  136 - 1 , a state queue for enabling the user to go back to a prior state or view of application  136 - 1 , and a redo/undo queue of previous actions taken by the user. 
     Event monitor  171  receives event information from peripherals interface  118 . Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display  112 , as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface  118  transmits information it receives from I/O subsystem  106  or a sensor, such as proximity sensor  166 , accelerometer(s)  168 , and/or microphone  113  (through audio circuitry  110 ). Information that peripherals interface  118  receives from I/O subsystem  106  includes information from touch-sensitive display  112  or a touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, event monitor  171  sends requests to the peripherals interface  118  at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface  118  transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripheral interface  118  transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration). 
     In some embodiments, event sorter  170  also includes a hit view determination module  172  and/or an active event recognizer determination module  173 . 
     Hit view determination module  172  provides software procedures for determining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views, when touch sensitive display  112  displays more than one view. Views are made up of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display. 
     Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes herein called application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) in which a touch is detected optionally correspond to programmatic levels within a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is, optionally, called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs are, optionally, determined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture. 
     Hit view determination module  172  receives information related to sub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module  172  identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which should handle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowest level view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (i.e., the first sub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determination module, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view. 
     Active event recognizer determination module  173  determines which view or views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that all views that include the physical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, and therefore determines that all actively involved views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touch sub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain as actively involved views. 
     Event dispatcher module  174  dispatches the event information to an event recognizer (e.g., event recognizer  180 ). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module  173 , event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined by active event recognizer determination module  173 . In some embodiments, event dispatcher module  174  stores in an event queue the event information, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver module  182 . 
     In some embodiments, operating system  126  includes event sorter  170 . Alternatively, application  136 - 1  includes event sorter  170 . In yet other embodiments, event sorter  170  is a stand-alone module, or a part of another module stored in memory  102 , such as contact/motion module  130 . 
     In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes a plurality of event handlers  190  and one or more application views  191 , each of which includes instructions for handling touch events that occur within a respective view of the application&#39;s user interface. Each application view  191  of the application  136 - 1  includes one or more event recognizers  180 . Typically, a respective application view  191  includes a plurality of event recognizers  180 . In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers  180  are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application  136 - 1  inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respective event handler  190  includes one or more of: data updater  176 , object updater  177 , GUI updater  178 , and/or event data  179  received from event sorter  170 . Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176 , object updater  177  or GUI updater  178  to update the application internal state  192 . Alternatively, one or more of the application views  191  includes one or more respective event handlers  190 . Also, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a respective application view  191 . 
     A respective event recognizer  180  receives event information (e.g., event data  179 ) from event sorter  170 , and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer  180  includes event receiver  182  and event comparator  184 . In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  also includes at least a subset of: metadata  183 , and event delivery instructions  188  (which optionally include sub-event delivery instructions). 
     Event receiver  182  receives event information from event sorter  170 . The event information includes information about a sub-event, for example, a touch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as location of the sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the event information optionally also includes speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation (also called device attitude) of the device. 
     Event comparator  184  compares the event information to predefined event or sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines an event or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  includes event definitions  186 . Event definitions  186  contain definitions of events (e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event 1 ( 187 - 1 ), event 2 ( 187 - 2 ), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in an event  187  include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, the definition for event 1 ( 187 - 1 ) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition for event 2 ( 187 - 2 ) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, for example, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitive display  112 , and lift-off of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers  190 . 
     In some embodiments, event definition  187  includes a definition of an event for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which user-interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view in which three user-interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display  112 , when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display  112 , event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which of the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler  190 , the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler  190  should be activated. For example, event comparator  184  selects an event handler associated with the sub-event and the object triggering the hit test. 
     In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event  187  also includes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-events does or does not correspond to the event recognizer&#39;s event type. 
     When a respective event recognizer  180  determines that the series of sub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions  186 , the respective event recognizer  180  enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other event recognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  includes metadata  183  with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively involved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  activates event handler  190  associated with an event when one or more particular sub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  delivers event information associated with the event to event handler  190 . Activating an event handler  190  is distinct from sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view. In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  throws a flag associated with the recognized event, and event handler  190  associated with the flag catches the flag and performs a predefined process. 
     In some embodiments, event delivery instructions  188  include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver event information to event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved views receive the event information and perform a predetermined process. 
     In some embodiments, data updater  176  creates and updates data used in application  136 - 1 . For example, data updater  176  updates the telephone number used in contacts module  137 , or stores a video file used in video player module  145 . In some embodiments, object updater  177  creates and updates objects used in application  136 - 1 . For example, object updater  177  creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of a user-interface object. GUI updater  178  updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater  178  prepares display information and sends it to graphics module  132  for display on a touch-sensitive display. 
     In some embodiments, event handler(s)  190  includes or has access to data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178 . In some embodiments, data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a single module of a respective application  136 - 1  or application view  191 . In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules. 
     It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding event handling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies to other forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices  100  with input-devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movements such as taps, drags, scrolls, etc., on touch-pads; pen stylus inputs; movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements; biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to be recognized. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a portable multifunction device  100  having a touch screen  112  in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screen optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  200 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabled to select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  202  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  203  (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward) and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with device  100 . In some implementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  204 . As described previously, menu button  204  is, optionally, used to navigate to any application  136  in a set of applications that are, optionally executed on device  100 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen  112 . In some embodiments button  204  includes an integrated fingerprint sensor  169 - 1  for identifying a fingerprint that is interacting with button  204  and/or detecting movement of the fingerprint on button  204 . Device also, optionally, includes one or more other fingerprint sensors  169 - 2  that are separate from button  204  and are used instead of or in conjunction with a fingerprint sensor  169 - 1  integrated into button  204  to identify a user interacting with the device and/or detect motion of the fingerprint. Additionally, one or more of the other fingerprint sensors  169 - 2  are optionally associated with a button (e.g., a pressure sensitive region that is activated by detecting an input with an intensity above an activation intensity threshold or a physical actuator that moves in response force applied by a user). In implementations where the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Touch Screen  112 ) has a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Touch Screen  112 ) is optionally used as a fingerprint sensor instead of, or in addition to, a separate fingerprint sensor (e.g., Fingerprint Sensors  169 - 1  or  169 - 2 ). In some embodiments, device  100  includes a set of one or more orientation sensors that are used to determine an orientation of a hand on device  100 . 
     In one embodiment, device  100  includes touch screen  112 , menu button  204 , push button  206  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  208 , Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  210 , head set jack  212 , and docking/charging external port  124 . Push button  206  is, optionally, used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device  100  also accepts verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  113 . Device  100  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on touch screen  112  and/or one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  100 . 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. Device  300  need not be portable. In some embodiments, device  300  is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child&#39;s learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device  300  typically includes one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  310 , one or more network or other communications interfaces  360 , memory  370 , and one or more communication buses  320  for interconnecting these components. Communication buses  320  optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communications between system components. Device  300  includes input/output (I/O) interface  330  comprising display  340 , which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface  330  also optionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)  350  and touchpad  355 , tactile output generator  357  for generating tactile outputs on device  300  (e.g., similar to tactile output generator(s)  167  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A ), sensors  359  (e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s)  165  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A , and/or fingerprint sensors similar to fingerprint sensor(s)  169  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A ). Additionally, in implementations where the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Touchpad  355 ) has a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., Touchpad  355 ) is optionally used as a fingerprint sensor instead of, or in addition to, a separate fingerprint sensor (e.g., one of sensors  359 ). In some embodiments, device  300  includes a set of one or more orientation sensors that are used to determine an orientation of a finger or hand on or proximate to the device (e.g., an orientation of a finger that is over fingerprint sensor  169 ). Additionally, in some embodiments, the set of one or more orientation sensors are used in addition to or instead of a fingerprint sensor to detect rotation of a contact that is interacting with the device. For example, in one or more of the methods described below, instead of using a fingerprint sensor to detect rotation of a fingerprint/contact, the set of one or more orientation sensors is used to detect rotation of the contact that includes the fingerprint, with or without detecting features of the fingerprint. 
     Memory  370  includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solid state memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. Memory  370  optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from CPU(s)  310 . In some embodiments, memory  370  stores programs, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG. 1A ), or a subset thereof. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100 . For example, memory  370  of device  300  optionally stores drawing module  380 , presentation module  382 , word processing module  384 , website creation module  386 , disk authoring module  388 , and/or spreadsheet module  390 , while memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG. 1A ) optionally does not store these modules. 
     Each of the above identified elements in  FIG. 3  are, optionally, stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the above identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing a function described above. The above identified modules or programs (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  370  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) that is, optionally, implemented on portable multifunction device  100 . 
       FIG. 4A  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on portable multifunction device  100  in accordance with some embodiments. Similar user interfaces are, optionally, implemented on device  300 . In some embodiments, user interface  400  includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Signal strength indicator(s)  402  for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;   Time  404 ;   Bluetooth indicator  405 ;   Battery status indicator  406 ;   Tray  408  with icons for frequently used applications, such as:
           Icon  416  for telephone module  138 , labeled “Phone,” which optionally includes an indicator  414  of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages;   Icon  418  for e-mail client module  140 , labeled “Mail,” which optionally includes an indicator  410  of the number of unread e-mails;   Icon  420  for browser module  147 , labeled “Browser;” and   Icon  422  for video and music player module  152 , also referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module  152 , labeled “iPod;” and   
           Icons for other applications, such as:
           Icon  424  for IM module  141 , labeled “Text;”   Icon  426  for calendar module  148 , labeled “Calendar;”   Icon  428  for image management module  144 , labeled “Photos;”   Icon  430  for camera module  143 , labeled “Camera;”   Icon  432  for online video module  155 , labeled “Online Video”   Icon  434  for stocks widget  149 - 2 , labeled “Stocks;”   Icon  436  for map module  154 , labeled “Map;”   Icon  438  for weather widget  149 - 1 , labeled “Weather;”   Icon  440  for alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , labeled “Clock;”   Icon  442  for workout support module  142 , labeled “Workout Support;”   Icon  444  for notes module  153 , labeled “Notes;” and   Icon  446  for a settings application or module, which provides access to settings for device  100  and its various applications  136 .   
               

     It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in  FIG. 4A  are merely exemplary. For example, icon  422  for video and music player module  152  are labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Other labels are, optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, a label for a respective application icon includes a name of an application corresponding to the respective application icon. In some embodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct from a name of an application corresponding to the particular application icon. 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 ) with a touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., a tablet or touchpad  355 ,  FIG. 3 ) that is separate from the display  450  (e.g., touch screen display  112 ) with an integrated  359 - 1  (or separate  359 - 2 ) fingerprint sensor (e.g., one or more of sensors  359  that operates in an analogous manner to fingerprint sensor  169  in  FIG. 1A ). Additionally, in implementations where the touch-sensitive surface  451  has a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges, the touch-sensitive surface  451  is optionally used as a fingerprint sensor instead of, or in addition to, a distinct fingerprint sensor (e.g., integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ). Device  300  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors  359 - 3 ) for detecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or one or more tactile output generators  357  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  300 . 
     Although some of the examples which follow will be given with reference to inputs on touch screen display  112  (where the touch sensitive surface and the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects inputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, as shown in  FIG. 4B . In some embodiments the touch sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG. 4B ) has a primary axis (e.g.,  452  in  FIG. 4B ) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g.,  453  in  FIG. 4B ) on the display (e.g.,  450 ). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detects contacts (e.g.,  460  and  462  in  FIG. 4B ) with the touch-sensitive surface  451  at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in  FIG. 4B, 460  corresponds to  468  and  462  corresponds to  470 ). In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts  460  and  462 , and movements thereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG. 4B ) are used by the device to manipulate the user interface on the display (e.g.,  450  in  FIG. 4B ) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other user interfaces described herein. 
     Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., a mouse based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detect the contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneously detected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are, optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are, optionally, used simultaneously. 
     As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad  355  in  FIG. 3  or touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 4B ) while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations that include a touch-screen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112  in  FIG. 1A  or touch screen  112  in  FIG. 4A ) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touch-screen display, a detected contact on the touch-screen acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected on the touch-screen display at a location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region of the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on a touch-screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with movement of focus between different regions of the user interface. Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, the focus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on a touch-screen display) that is controlled by the user so as to communicate the user&#39;s intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interface with which the user is intending to interact). For example, the location of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact or a selection box) over a respective button while a press input is detected on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicate that the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposed to other user interface elements shown on a display of the device). 
       FIG. 4C  shows a schematic representation of a two hands with associated fingerprints LP (“left pinky” fingerprint), LR (“left ring” fingerprint), LM (“left middle” fingerprint), LI (“left index” fingerprint), LT (“left thumb” fingerprint), RT (“right thumb” fingerprint), RI (“right index” fingerprint), RM (“right middle” fingerprint), RR (“right ring” fingerprint), RP (“right pinky” fingerprint). These abbreviations will be used with reference to other figures showing examples of interactions with a fingerprint sensor. For some of the methods described herein, one or more fingerprints of a user are registered by collecting information about the fingerprint that would enable the fingerprint to be identified. These registered fingerprints or pre-registered fingerprints are also sometimes referred to as enrolled fingerprints. In many situations described below, fingerprints detected on a fingerprint sensor are compared against previously registered fingerprints (e.g., enrolled fingerprints). 
       FIG. 4D  shows two different types of rotation of a fingerprint on a fingerprint sensor (e.g., fingerprint sensor  169  that is integrated into button  204 ). On the left side of  FIG. 4D , is an example of a fingerprint “revolving” around a fingerprint sensor, where a centroid of the fingerprint moves in a looping motion (e.g., a circular-type motion) around a center of the fingerprint sensor. On the right side of  FIG. 4D , is an example of a fingerprint “twisting” on a fingerprint sensor, where a primary axis of the fingerprint changes orientation relative to the fingerprint sensor. These terms (e.g., “revolving” and “twisting”) will be used to described different types of rotation of a fingerprint on a fingerprint sensor with reference to other figures showing examples of interactions with a fingerprint sensor. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4D , in some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor is smaller than, or approximately the same size as, an average fingerprint. Thus, in some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor detects movement of the fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint gestures) by detecting movement of fingerprint features of the fingerprint instead of or in addition to detecting movement of edges of the fingerprint. In other words, in some implementations, the fingerprint sensor detects movement of the fingerprint not by determining movement of an outline of the fingerprint (e.g., a “contact”) but by detecting movement of ridges (or specific minutia points in the ridges) of the fingerprint over the fingerprint sensor. Without regard to whether the fingerprint sensor is larger or smaller than the fingerprint, detecting movement of a fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint gestures) based on movement of fingerprint features instead of, or in addition to, detecting movement of the fingerprint based on movement of an edge or outline of the fingerprint enables movement of the fingerprint to be tracked in much greater detail and provides the ability to track fingerprint movement even when a fingerprint is covering all or a large portion of the fingerprint sensor. 
     User Interfaces and Associated Processes 
     Interacting with User Interfaces 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that allow users to perform a variety of functions and operations associated with the respective user interfaces (e.g., home screen or application launch interfaces with user-selectable icons for selecting applications to be launched; application interfaces associated with applications such as maps for performing navigation operations, calculators for performing computation, photo viewers for viewing digital photographs, search applications, camera applications and the like; system user interfaces associated with various system level functions). While interacting with such interfaces, the user frequently desires to navigate through a given user interface; or to switch from one user interface to another (e.g., from a calculator application interface to a photo viewing application interface; or from a home screen interface to a camera application interface; and the like) or to switch from an application user interface to a system user interface (e.g., to a multi-tasking user interface). Some approaches to navigating through a user interface involve making long sustained swiping gestures across a substantial portion of a touch-sensitive surface (such a touch screen display). Some approaches for switching between application user interfaces (e.g., switching between applications) involve returning to a home screen and then toggling through pages of the home screen to view an icon corresponding to a desired application, and then selecting the icon corresponding to the desired application to launch the desired application. Similarly, some approaches to switching to a multi-tasking user interface involve making multiple concurrent contacts with the home or menu button in order to display a system user interface. These approaches are cumbersome and require the user to either make sustained movements of one or more finger contacts with a touch-sensitive surface or to make multiple sequential contacts with the device, which can take a long time or be difficult for a user to remember. 
     The disclosed embodiments provide a convenient and efficient method of interacting with user interfaces (e.g., either navigating through a current user interface or displaying a different user interface) through the use of a single short movement of a fingerprint (e.g., detected on a fingerprint sensor located on the device) in one of two directions. While displaying a first user interface (such as an application user interface), in response to detecting a fingerprint movement on the fingerprint sensor in a first direction (e.g., horizontally, from right to left, or left to right), the device navigates through the first user interface (e.g., translates or scrolls at least a portion of the content in the first user interface) and in response to detecting a fingerprint movement on the fingerprint sensor in a second direction (e.g., a vertical direction, upward), the device displays a second user interface (e.g., a multi-tasking user interface or the user interface corresponding to a most recently used application). As a result, the user has the improved convenience of interacting with one or more user interfaces in two different ways—e.g., either navigating through a first (or current) user interface or displaying a second user interface—simply by performing a gesture that involves the movement of a fingerprint in one of two directions on a fingerprint sensor. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  5 A- 5 N and  6 A- 6 C includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 5A-5N and 6A-6C  will be discussed with reference to display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  and a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 5A-5N  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 5A-5N  on the display  450 . Additionally, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a touch screen  112  in response to detecting the contacts described in  FIGS. 5A-5N  on a fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 5A-5N  on the touch screen  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of cursor  5 N. 
       FIG. 5A  illustrates a first user interface (e.g., an application user interface, such as a map application user interface) with content (e.g., a map and navigation instructions) that is displayed on a display  502  of a portable multi-function device  100 . In some embodiments, display  502  is a touch-sensitive display with an array of touch sensors that are responsive to touch. As shown in  FIG. 5A , device  100  includes a fingerprint sensor  169 . In some embodiments, fingerprint sensor  169  is separate from display  502 . Further, as shown in  FIG. 5A , in some embodiments, fingerprint sensor  169  is integrated into a physical button (e.g., home button or menu button  204 ). In some embodiments, the device includes a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch sensitive surface collocated with the display in the form of a touch sensitive display, such as touch sensitive display  502 ; and/or a touch sensitive surface separate from the display on the device), and the fingerprint sensor is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. In such embodiments, while the fingerprint sensor is responsive to the location, proximity and/or touch of a finger contact (e.g., in the form of a fingerprint), and is optionally responsive to the movement of the finger contact (e.g., in the form of a movement of the fingerprint), the spatial resolution of the fingerprint sensor (e.g., to detect the spatial location and/or movement of the finger) is greater than (e.g., more sensitive than) the resolution of conventional touch-sensitive surfaces; thereby making the fingerprint sensor more sensitive to small-magnitude spatial motion of the finger than conventional touch-sensitive surfaces. 
       FIGS. 5B-5C  illustrate, while displaying a first user interface, detecting a movement of a fingerprint on fingerprint sensor  169  in a first direction (e.g., in a lateral or horizontal direction or along a short-axis of the multi-purpose device; from right to left); and in response, navigating through the first user interface. In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 5B , while the first user interface (e.g., the map user interface) is displayed on display  502 , a movement of a fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  510  and associated movement  512 ), is detected on fingerprint sensor  169 . In response to detecting movement  512  of fingerprint  510  on fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., from a location of fingerprint  510  shown in  FIG. 5B  to a location of fingerprint  510  shown in  FIG. 5C ), the device navigates through the first user interface For example, the device translates at least a portion of the first user interface in the direction of movement of fingerprint  510  (e.g., from right to left) to display additional portions of the first user interface, as shown in  FIG. 5C , that were not previously displayed in  FIG. 5B . Thus, in some embodiments, while displaying a first user interface (e.g., corresponding to a first application or to an application launch user interface), in response to detecting a movement of a fingerprint in a first direction (e.g., in a lateral or horizontal direction or along the short-axis of the multi-purpose device; from right to left) on a fingerprint sensor, the device navigates through the first user interface (e.g., translates at least a portion of the content displayed on the first user interface). 
       FIGS. 5D-5E  illustrate, while displaying a first user interface, detecting a movement of a fingerprint on fingerprint sensor  169  in a second direction (e.g., in a vertical direction or along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device; upward); and in response, displaying a second user interface different from the first user interface. As shown in  FIG. 5D , in some embodiments, while displaying the first user interface (e.g., map application), the movement of a fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  514  and associated movement  516 ) is detected on fingerprint sensor  169  of device  100 , the corresponding movement  516  being in a second direction (e.g., in a vertical direction or along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device; upward, with reference to the orientation of device  100  shown in  FIG. 5D ). In accordance with a determination that movement  516  of fingerprint  514  is in the second direction (e.g., in a vertical upward direction, from the location of fingerprint  514  shown in  FIG. 5D  to the location of fingerprint  514  shown in  FIG. 5E ), a second user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517  including user selectable icons corresponding to a set of most-recently used applications, such as a notes application, a camera application, a photo viewer application, and a voice memo recording application; where selection of one of the icons in the multi-tasking user interface  517  will cause the device to run an application corresponding to the selected icon as a currently active application, sometimes called a foreground application) is displayed, as shown in  FIG. 5E . For example, selection of the “notes” icon will cause the device to run the notes application as a currently active application and selection of the “camera” icon will cause the device to run the camera application as a currently active application. 
     Accordingly, in some embodiments, the application user interface (e.g., the map application user interface shown in  FIGS. 5D-5E ) is at least partially replaced by the second user interface (e.g., the map application is partially displaced upward and/or at least partially concealed by multi-tasking user interface  517  shown in  FIG. 5E ). In some embodiments, upon displaying the second user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ,  FIG. 5E ) one or more interactive elements in the application user interface are disabled from user-interaction (e.g., while multi-tasking user interface  517  is displayed, the map application would be disabled from user-interaction and the user would not be able to scroll, navigate through, or otherwise interact with the map application). Thus, in some embodiments, while displaying a first user interface (e.g., corresponding to a first application), in response to detecting a movement of a fingerprint in a second direction (e.g., a vertical direction or along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device; upward), the device displays a second system user interface (e.g., a multi-tasking user interface). 
       FIGS. 5F-5G  illustrate, while displaying the second user interface, detecting a movement of a fingerprint on fingerprint sensor  169  in a first direction (e.g., in a lateral or horizontal direction or along the short-axis of the multi-purpose device; from right to left); and in response, navigating through the second user interface. In some embodiments, while displaying the second user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ,  FIG. 5F ), the movement of a fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  518  and associated movement  520 ) is detected on fingerprint sensor  169  of device  100 , the corresponding movement being in the first direction (e.g., in a lateral or horizontal direction or along the short-axis of the multi-purpose device; from right to left with reference to the orientation of device  100  shown in  FIG. 5F ). In response to detecting movement  520  of fingerprint  518 , the device navigates through the second user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ,  FIGS. 5F-5G ). For example, the device translates at least a portion of the second user interface in the direction of movement  520  of fingerprint  518  to display additional portions of the second user interface (e.g., additional icons for a message application, calendar application, and clock application as shown in  FIG. 5G , that were not previously displayed in  FIG. 5F , and the icons for the notes application, the camera application, the photos application and the voice memo recording application that were previously displayed in  FIG. 5F  cease to be displayed in  FIG. 5G ). In some embodiments, in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint from left to right on the fingerprint sensor, the navigation through the second user interface would be reversed, so that the icons for the notes application, the camera application, the photos application and the voice memo recording application that were previously displayed in  FIG. 5F  would be redisplayed. 
     Further,  FIGS. 5H-5I  illustrate, while displaying the second user interface, detecting a movement of a fingerprint on fingerprint sensor  169  in a third direction (e.g., a vertical direction or along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device; downward; substantially opposite to the second direction); and in response, ceasing to display the second user interface. In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 5H-5I , while displaying the second user interface, movement of a fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  522  and associated movement  524 ) is detected on fingerprint sensor  169  of device  100 , movement  524  being in a third direction (e.g., in a vertical direction downward along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device with reference to the orientation of device  100  shown in  FIG. 5H ; a direction substantially opposite to the second direction described with reference to  FIGS. 5D-5E ). In response to detecting movement  524  of fingerprint  522  in the third direction, the device ceases to display the second user interface (e.g., the multi-tasking user interface  517  previously shown in  FIG. 5H ) and redisplays the first user interface or the map application interface (e.g., in its entirety), as shown in Figure SI. 
       FIGS. 5J-5K  illustrate, while displaying the first user interface, detecting a double activation of the physical home button or menu button  204  (e.g., into which fingerprint sensor  169  is, optionally, integrated); and in response, displaying the second user interface. In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 5J-5K , upon detecting a double activation  530  of the physical home button or menu button  204  (e.g., via two successive taps or press inputs occurring in quick succession with less than a predefined interval of time lapse between the two successive taps, for example with an interval of time less than 500 milliseconds, 300 milliseconds, 150 milliseconds, 50 milliseconds or some other reasonable time interval; with or without a finger lift-off between the two successive taps), the second interface (e.g., the multi-tasking user interface shown previously in  FIG. 5E  with user-selectable icons corresponding to recently used or active applications such as the notepad application, the camera application, the photo viewer application, and the voice memo recording application) is displayed on display  502 , as shown in  FIG. 5K  and the first user interface (e.g., the map application user interface) is at least partially concealed or slid off the display  502  and optionally deactivated from user-interaction. 
       FIGS. 5K-5L  illustrate, while displaying the second user interface, detecting an activation of the physical home button or menu button  204  (e.g., into which fingerprint sensor  169  is integrated); and in response, ceasing to display the second user interface (e.g., and redisplaying and reactivating the first user interface). In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 5K-5L , upon detecting activation  532  of the physical home button or menu button  204  (e.g., via a tap or press input on the physical button  204 ), the second user interface (e.g., the multi-tasking user interface shown in  FIG. 5K  with user-selectable icons corresponding to recently used or active applications such as the notepad application, the camera application, the photo viewer application, and the voice memo recording application) is no longer displayed on display  502 , as shown in  FIG. 5L . In some embodiments, the first user interface (e.g., the map application user interface) is redisplayed (e.g., in its entirety) and reactivated for user input (e.g., from its previously deactivated state). 
       FIGS. 5M-5N  illustrate, while displaying the first user interface, detecting an activation of the physical home button or menu button  204  (e.g., into which fingerprint sensor  169  is integrated); and in response, replacing the first user interface (e.g., ceasing to display the first user interface) with a predefined user interface (e.g., a home screen or application launch interface associated with the physical home button or menu button  204 ). In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 5M-5N , upon detecting activation  534  of the physical home button or menu button  204  (e.g., via a tap or press input on the physical button  204 ), the first user interface (e.g., the multi-tasking user interface shown in  FIG. 5M ) is no longer displayed on display  502 , as shown in  FIG. 5N . In some embodiments, the first user interface (e.g., the map application user interface) is replaced (e.g., in its entirety) with a predefined user interface (e.g., a home screen or application launch user interface, as shown in  FIG. 5N ). In some embodiments, activation of button  204  while the home screen is displayed would cause the device to display a predefined search user interface. 
       FIGS. 6A-6C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  600  of interacting with user interfaces in accordance with movement of a finger on a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. The method  600  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  600  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  600  provides an intuitive way to interact with user interfaces. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with user interfaces, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to interact with user interfaces faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device displays ( 602 ), on the display, a first user interface (e.g., an application user interface, such as a map application or navigation application user interface as shown in  FIG. 5A ). While displaying the first user interface on the display, the device detects ( 604 ) movement of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., movement  512  of fingerprint  510 ,  FIG. 5B ; movement  516  of fingerprint  514 ,  FIG. 5D ). 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor is ( 606 ) separate from (e.g., not co-incident with) the display (e.g., fingerprint sensor  169  is separate from display  502 ,  FIG. 5A ). The device includes ( 608 ) a touch-sensitive surface; and the fingerprint sensor is separate from (e.g., not co-incident with) the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In response to detecting ( 610 ) movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor: in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a first direction (e.g., a primary component of movement of the fingerprint is horizontally rightward, or horizontally leftward as described above with reference to movement  512  of fingerprint  510 ,  FIG. 5B ), the device navigates through the first user interface (e.g., as described above with reference to navigation through the map interface shown in  FIGS. 5B-5C ). In some embodiments, the device navigates back to a previous state, or previous page, or previous webpage, or previous photo (e.g., in response to detecting a rightward movement of the fingerprint) or forward to a next state, or next page, or next webpage, or next photo (e.g., in response to detecting a leftward movement of the fingerprint). In some embodiments the device scrolls the first user interface horizontally in accordance with the direction of movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., the device translates at least a portion of the content on the first user interface, such as the map application user interface, in accordance with a direction of movement of the fingerprint horizontally from right to left, as described above with reference to the movement of fingerprint  510  in  FIGS. 5B-5C ). 
     In accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a second direction (e.g., a primary component of movement of the fingerprint vertically downward or vertically upward as described above with reference to movement  516  of fingerprint  514 ,  FIG. 5D ) different from the first direction, the device displays a second user interface different from the first user interface on the display (e.g., as described above with reference to multitasking user interface  517  in  FIGS. 5D-5E ). In some embodiments, the device displays a multitasking user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ,  FIG. 5E ; or a most recently used application). In some embodiments, displaying the second user interface includes replacing the first user interface with the second user interface. In some embodiments, displaying the second user interface includes ceasing to display at least a portion of the first user interface (e.g., the first user interface is at least partially covered with the second user interface or the first user interface slides at least partially off of the display so as to display the second user interface; as shown in  FIG. 5E , the map application interface is partially displaced off display  502  in order to display multi-tasking user interface  517 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first direction is ( 612 ) perpendicular (or substantially perpendicular) to the second direction. For example, as described above with reference to movement  512  of fingerprint  510  in  FIGS. 5B-5C , the first direction is a lateral or horizontal direction or along the short-axis of the multi-purpose device, from right to left; as described above with reference to movement  516  of fingerprint  514  in  FIGS. 5D-5E , the second direction is a vertical direction or along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device; upward (e.g., perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first direction). 
     In some embodiments, the first user interface is ( 614 ) a user interface of a first application (e.g., map application user interface,  FIGS. 5A-5D ); and the second user interface is a multitasking user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ,  FIG. 5E ) that includes representations (e.g., selectable icons) of a plurality of concurrently open applications (e.g., a “notes” icon corresponding to a notepad application, a “camera” icon corresponding to a camera application, a “photos” icon corresponding to a photo viewer application, and a “voice memos” icon corresponding to a voice memo recording application, as shown in  FIG. 5E ). In some embodiments, in response to detecting selection of a respective representation of one of the concurrently open applications, the device displays an open application that corresponds to the respective representation. In some embodiments, the multitasking user interface includes representations (e.g., selectable icons) of one or more recently used applications (e.g., applications which were recently open on the device but for which no retained state information is currently stored). As used in the specification and claims, the term “open application” refers to a software application with retained state information (e.g., as part of device/global internal state  157  and/or application internal state  192 ). An open application is any one of the following types of applications:
         an active application, which is currently displayed on display  112  (or a corresponding application view is currently displayed on the display);   a background application (or background process), which is not currently displayed on display  112 , but one or more application processes (e.g., instructions) for the corresponding application are being processed by one or more processors  120  (i.e., running);   a suspended application, which is not currently running, and the application is stored in a volatile memory (e.g., DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other volatile random access solid state memory device of memory  102 ); and   a hibernated application, which is not running, and the application is stored in a non-volatile memory (e.g., one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices of memory  102 ).       

     As used herein, the term “closed application” refers to software applications without retained state information (e.g., state information for closed applications is not stored in a memory of the device). Accordingly, closing an application includes stopping and/or removing application processes for the application and removing state information for the application from the memory of the device. Generally, opening a second application while in a first application (e.g., switching from the first application to the second application) does not close the first application. When the second application is displayed and the first application ceases to be displayed, the first application, which was an active application when displayed, may become a background application, suspended application, or hibernated application, but the first application remains an open application while its state information is retained by the device. 
     In some embodiments, navigating through the first user interface includes ( 616 ) navigating through the first user interface at a rate determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. For example, the device scrolls through or translates at least a portion of content displayed in the first user interface at a rate of 5 millimeters/second for each 1 millimeter of movement by the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor from a starting position of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, navigating through the first user interface includes ( 618 ) navigating through the first user interface by an amount determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. For example, the device scrolls through or translates at least a portion of the content displayed in the first user interface by 5 millimeters for each 1 millimeter of movement by the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, navigating through the first user interface includes ( 620 ) navigating through the first user interface in a direction determined in accordance with a direction of movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. For example, the device scrolls through or translates at least a portion of the content displayed in the first user interface to the right when the fingerprint moves to the right on the fingerprint sensor and scrolls through or translates at least a portion of the content displayed in the first user interface to the left when the fingerprint moves to the left on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIGS. 5B-5C ). 
     In some embodiments, displaying the second user interface includes ( 622 ) displaying an animated transition of the second user interface appearing on the display; and the speed of the animated transition is based on a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. For example, the device displays the first user interface sliding upward on the display to make room for the second user interface that slides onto the display from a bottom of the display. 
     In some embodiments, the device includes ( 624 ) a button (e.g., a physical button, such as home button or menu button  204 ,  FIG. 5A ); and the fingerprint sensor is integrated into the button (e.g., fingerprint sensor  169  is integrated into the physical home button  204 ,  FIG. 5A ). In some embodiments, the physical button is an intensity-sensitive region of the housing of the device that is determined to have been activated by the device when the intensity detected on the button is increased over an activation intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the physical button is coupled to an electronic switch where movement of the physical button along a first axis (e.g., up and down or left to right) closes the switch and activates the physical button (sometimes resulting in an audible or tactile “click”). 
     In some embodiments, while the first user interface (e.g., the map application user interface,  FIG. 5M ) is displayed, the device detects ( 626 ) activation of the button (e.g., activation  534  of the physical home button or menu button  204  such as a tap input or a press input on the physical button  204 ,  FIG. 5M ). For example, the device detects a user clicking the button or pressing an intensity-sensitive region corresponding to the button with an intensity above an activation intensity threshold. In response to detecting activation of the button, the device replaces ( 628 ) the first user interface (e.g., the map application user interface,  FIG. 5M ) with a predefined user interface (e.g., a home screen or application launch interface as shown in  FIG. 5N ; or a search application user interface) associated with activating the button. 
     In some embodiments, while the second user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ,  FIG. 5K ) is displayed, the device detects ( 630 ) activation of the button (e.g., activation  532  of the physical home button or menu button  204  such as, via a tap or press input on the physical button  204 ,  FIG. 5K ). For example, the device detects a user clicking the button or pressing an intensity-sensitive region corresponding to the button with an intensity above an activation intensity threshold. In response to detecting activation of the button, the device ceases ( 632 ) to display the second user interface (e.g., and redisplays or reactivates the first user interface, such as the map application user interface, as described above with reference to  FIGS. 5K-5L ). 
     In some embodiments, while the first user interface (e.g., the map application user interface,  FIG. 5J ) is displayed, the device detects ( 634 ) a double activation of the button (e.g., double activation  530  of the physical home button or menu button  204  such as, via two successive taps or press inputs occurring in quick succession with less than a predefined interval of time lapse between the two successive taps, for example with an interval of time less than 500 milliseconds, 300 milliseconds, 150 milliseconds, 50 milliseconds or some other reasonable time interval; with or without a finger lift-off between the two successive taps, as described above with reference to  FIG. 5J ). For example, the device detects a user double clicking a button or pressing the intensity-sensitive region corresponding to the button with an intensity above an activation intensity threshold, reducing the intensity below the activation intensity threshold and then pressing the intensity-sensitive region with an intensity above the activation threshold. In response to detecting double activation of the button, the device displays ( 636 ) the second user interface on the display (e.g., displays multitasking user interface  517 , as described above with reference to  FIGS. 5J-5K ; or a most recently used application). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the second user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ,  FIG. 5F ) in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the second direction, the device detects ( 638 ) movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction (e.g., fingerprint  518  and associated movement  520  in a lateral or horizontal direction or along the short-axis of the multi-purpose device; from right to left,  FIG. 5F ). In response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction, the device navigates ( 640 ) through the second user interface (e.g., the device scrolls through representations of a plurality of recently used or currently open applications in accordance with movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor). For example, as shown in  FIGS. 5F-5G , the device translates at least a portion of the second user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ) in the direction of movement  520  of fingerprint  518  to display additional portions of the second user interface (e.g., additional icons including a “messages” icon corresponding to a message application, a “calendar” icon corresponding to a calendar application, and a “clock” icon corresponding to clock application, as shown in  FIG. 5G , that were not previously displayed in  FIG. 5F ). 
     In some embodiments, navigating through the second user interface includes navigating through the second user interface at a rate determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. For example, the device scrolls through icons corresponding to the plurality of recently used or currently open applications at a rate of five icons/second for each 1 millimeter of movement by the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor from a starting position of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, navigating through the second user interface includes navigating through the second user interface by an amount determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. For example, the device scrolls through icons corresponding to the plurality of recently used or currently open applications by one icon for each 1 millimeter of movement by the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, navigating through the second user interface includes navigating through the second user interface in a direction determined in accordance with a direction of movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. For example, the device scrolls the representations of the plurality of recently used or currently open applications to the right when the fingerprint moves to the right on the fingerprint sensor and scrolls the representations of the plurality of recently used applications to the left when the fingerprint moves to the left on the fingerprint sensor. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the second user interface (e.g., multi-tasking user interface  517 ,  FIG. 5H ) in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the second direction, the device detects ( 642 ) movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in a third direction (e.g., a direction that is substantially opposite to the second direction; such as a vertical direction or along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device; downward). For example, movement  516  of fingerprint  514  in  FIGS. 5D-5E  (e.g., movement in the first direction) is upward movement in a vertical direction along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device; while movement  524  of fingerprint  522  in  FIGS. 5H-5I  (e.g., movement in the third direction) is downward movement in a vertical direction along the long-axis of the multi-purpose device (e.g., substantially opposite to the second direction). In response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the third direction, the device ceases ( 644 ) to display the second user interface. For example, as shown in  FIG. 5I , the device ceases to display multi-tasking user interface  517  that was previously displayed in  FIG. 5H  and redisplays the first user interface (e.g., the map application user interface), including portions of the first user interface that ceased to be displayed when the second user interface was displayed. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 6A-6C  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  600  described above with respect to  FIGS. 6A-6C . For example, the fingerprints, user interfaces, animated transitions described above with reference to method  600  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, user interfaces, animated transitions described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 7  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  700  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 7  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , an electronic device  700  includes a display unit  702  configured to display a first user interface, optionally a touch-sensitive surface unit  704 , a fingerprint sensor unit  706 ; and a processing unit  708  coupled to the display unit  702  and the fingerprint sensor unit  706 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  708  includes a detecting unit  710 , a navigating unit  712 , a display enabling unit  714 , a replacing unit  716 , and a ceasing unit  718 . 
     The processing unit  708  is configured to: while displaying the first user interface on the display, detect (e.g., with the detecting unit  710 ) movement of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706 ; and in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor: in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a first direction, navigate through the first user interface (e.g., with the navigating unit  712 ); and in accordance with a determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in a second direction different from the first direction, enable display of a second user interface different from the first user interface on the display unit  702  (e.g., with the display enabling unit  714 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. 
     In some embodiments, the first user interface is a user interface of a first application; and the second user interface is a multitasking user interface that includes representations of a plurality of concurrently open applications. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  708  is further configured to: while enabling display of the second user interface in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the second direction, detect movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706  in the first direction (e.g., with the detecting unit  710 ); and in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706  in the first direction, navigate through the second user interface (e.g., with the navigating unit  712 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to: while enabling display of the second user interface in accordance with the determination that the movement of the fingerprint is in the second direction, detect movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706  in a third direction (e.g., with the detecting unit  710 ); and in response to detecting movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706  in the third direction, cease to enable display of the second user interface (e.g., with the ceasing enabling unit  718 ). 
     In some embodiments, navigating through the first user interface includes navigating through the first user interface at a rate determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706 . 
     In some embodiments, navigating through the first user interface includes navigating through the first user interface by an amount determined in accordance with a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706 . 
     In some embodiments, navigating through the first user interface includes navigating through the first user interface in a direction determined in accordance with a direction of movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706 . 
     In some embodiments, enabling display of the second user interface includes enabling display of an animated transition of the second user interface appearing on the display unit  702  (e.g., with the display enabling unit  714 ); and the speed of the animated transition is based on a displacement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor  706 . 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor  706  is separate from the display unit  702 . 
     In some embodiments, the device includes a touch-sensitive surface unit  704  and the fingerprint sensor  706  is separate from the touch-sensitive surface unit  704 . 
     In some embodiments, the device includes a button and the fingerprint sensor  706  is integrated into the button. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  708  is further configured to: while the first user interface is displayed, detect activation of the button (e.g., with the detecting unit  710 ); and in response to detecting activation of the button, replace the first user interface with a predefined user interface associated with activating the button (e.g., with the replacing unit  716 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  708  is further configured to: while the second user interface is displayed, detect activation of the button (e.g., with the detecting unit  710 ); and in response to detecting activation of the button, cease to display the second user interface (e.g., with the ceasing unit  718 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  708  is further configured to: while the first user interface is displayed, detect a double activation of the button (e.g., with the detecting unit  710 ); and in response to detecting double activation of the button, enable display of the second user interface on the display unit  702  (e.g., with the display enabling unit  714 ). 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 7 . For example, display operation  602 , detection operation  604 , navigating or displaying operation  610  and replacing operation  628  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Allowing Buttons to Serve Multiple Purposes 
     Many electronic devices are configured to display a variety of user interfaces. These user interfaces can include, for example, a home screen, a search screen, and/or user interfaces associated with applications (“apps”) stored on the device. Because the home screen is often the most used user interface, it is desirable for such devices to provide the user with a convenient way to quickly navigate to the home screen. For example, with existing methods and devices, a dedicated “home” button is often provided. However, because of the limitations on the size of some devices (e.g., a portable multifunction device such as a smart phone), providing a dedicated home button requires an undesirable amount of space on the housing of such devices. It is therefore desirable to allow buttons on such devices to serve multiple purposes (e.g., a homing purpose and an application dependent purpose) by providing a convenient method to distinguish between which of the two purposes a user desired to activate. 
     In the embodiments described below, an improved method for allowing buttons to serve multiple purposes is provided. The buttons in the embodiments described below include integrated fingerprint sensors. When such a button is activated (e.g., pressed) after continuously detecting a fingerprint on an integrated fingerprint sensor for less than a predetermined amount of time (e.g., a quick press of the button), the button performs a first operation (e.g., a home operation). On the other hand, when the button is activated after continuously detecting a fingerprint for more than a predetermined amount of time (e.g., after hovering on the fingerprint sensor), the device performs a second operation (e.g., an application specific operation). 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  8 A- 8 O and  9 A- 9 C includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 8A-8O and 9A-9C  will be discussed with reference to device operations that are performed in response to detecting inputs described in  FIGS. 8A-8O  on a fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 8A-8O  on touch screen  112 . However, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  and a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  with an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 8A-8O  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 8A-8O  on display  450 . In some embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. In some embodiments, the focus selector is a user-controlled pointer that can be used to point to a respective user interface object in a plurality of user interface objects (e.g., an object selected by a “scroll-wheel,” as described with reference to  FIGS. 8K-8O ). In some embodiments, a visual representation of the focus selector is displayed (e.g., a user interface object to which the focus selector is pointing is visually distinguished from the other user interface objects). 
       FIGS. 8A-8D  illustrate exemplary user interfaces to be used in conjunction with multi-purpose buttons in accordance with some embodiments. In particular,  FIGS. 8A-8D  illustrate an example in which, under certain conditions described herein, activation of a “home button” (e.g., button  204 ) causes the device to perform a “home” operation (e.g., a first operation), whereupon the device returns to a home screen (e.g., displays an application-launch interface that includes a plurality of icons representing applications that a user may choose from). In this example, button  204  includes an integrated fingerprint sensor  169 . Under other conditions, as described with reference to  FIGS. 8G-8H , activation of the home button causes the device to perform a second, different operation. 
       FIG. 8A  illustrates an example of the device running an archery video game application on portable multifunction device  100 . 
       FIG. 8B  illustrates detection of a fingerprint  806  (in this example, corresponding to a user&#39;s right thumb) on integrated fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 8B  also illustrates, respectively, indications of the length of time that fingerprint  806  is continuously detected on fingerprint sensor as well as the force of fingerprint  806  on the button. The respective indications of length of time and force of fingerprint  806  on the button are not typically shown on the device, but instead are illustrated herein for convenience of explanation. In this example, button  204  is activated when the force of fingerprint  806  exceeds an activation threshold (AT 0 ). In some embodiments, for example when button  204  is a physical or mechanical button, the activation threshold AT 0  is a function of spring properties of certain mechanical features of button  204  and/or friction between the mechanical features of button  204 . That is to say, in some embodiments, there is a minimum force on the button which causes the button to activate. In some embodiments, activation of button  204  occurs on a “down-stroke” (e.g., when the force of fingerprint  806  is continuously detected from below AT 0  to above AT 0 ). In some embodiments, activation of button  204  occurs on an “up-stroke” (e.g., when the force of fingerprint  806  is continuously detected from above AT 0  to below AT 0 ). In some other embodiments, for example when button  204  is a virtual button, a specific gesture detected by fingerprint sensor  169  causes activation of the button. 
     As shown in  FIG. 8C-8D , when the device detects activation of button  204  (shown in  FIG. 8C ) prior to continuous detection of fingerprint  806  for an amount of time greater than a predetermined time period PT, the device performs a first operation. In this example, the first operation is a “home operation” (shown in  FIG. 8D ). In some embodiments, the device performs the first operation when the device detects activation of button  204  prior to continuous detection of fingerprint  806  for an amount of time equal or greater than a predetermined time period PT. 
     In some embodiments, as explained below with reference to  FIGS. 8D-8F , the first operation is context dependent. For example, in some embodiments, the first operation depends on (e.g., is associated with) a currently displayed user interface. In the previous example in which the currently displayed user interface included a displayed archery video game, the first operation associated with the archery video game returns the device to a home screen.  FIGS. 8D-8F  illustrate an example of the first operation when the home screen is the currently displayed user interface. 
     In addition to illustrating an example of a home screen,  FIG. 8D  also illustrates an example of detection of a second fingerprint  808 . Detection of fingerprint  808  is analogous to detection of fingerprint  806  described with reference to  FIG. 8B . In some embodiments, fingerprint  808  is a continuation of fingerprint  806  (e.g., in some embodiments, after navigating to the home screen shown  FIG. 8D , the user need not discontinue and reapply contact with fingerprint sensor  169  in order to make use of the functionality described in the example). 
       FIG. 8E  illustrates activation of button  204  prior to a predetermined time period PT elapsing, as previously described with reference to  FIGS. 8C-8D . In this example, because predetermined time period PT has not elapsed, the device performs a first operation associated with a home screen (e.g., a application-launch interface). In this example, the first operation navigates the device to a search screen, as shown in  FIG. 8F . In some embodiments, the first operation associated the home screen takes the user to an alternate home screen (e.g., the device navigates through a plurality of home screen pages, the plurality of home screens being required because of a large number of applications on the device). 
       FIGS. 8G-8J  illustrate exemplary user interfaces to be used in conjunction with multi-purpose buttons in accordance with some embodiments. In particular,  FIGS. 8G-8J  illustrate an example of the device performing a second, different operation upon activation of button  204  subsequent to continuous detection of a fingerprint  810  for greater than the predetermined time. In  FIG. 8G , a fingerprint  810  is initially detected. Thus, the indicator showing the length of the continuously detected finger print  810  illustrates that, initially, no time has passed.  FIG. 8H  illustrates movement of fingerprint  810  over fingerprint sensor  169  and corresponding movement of archer  802  (e.g., in the application in this example, fingerprint sensor  169  acts a “joy-stick” controlling the position, or alternatively the change in position, of archer  802  prior to activation of button  204 ). In some embodiments, such functionality (e.g., the joystick functionality) becomes operable subsequent to an elapse of the predetermined time, and remains operable until activation of button  204 . In some embodiments, such functionality is operable in the application whenever a fingerprint is detected on fingerprint sensor  169  despite repeated activations of button  204  (e.g., a first-person shooter video game in which fingerprint sensor  169  acts as a joy-stick redirecting a player and activation of the button allows the player to fire his or her weapon).  FIGS. 8I-8J  illustrate activation of button  204  (shown in  FIG. 8I ) and the resulting performance of a second operation (e.g., firing an arrow, as shown in  FIGS. 8I and 8J ), which is different from the first operation (e.g., a home operation). 
       FIGS. 8K-8O  illustrate exemplary user interfaces to be used in conjunction with multi-purpose buttons in accordance with some embodiments. In particular,  FIGS. 8K-8O  illustrate an example in which the user interface includes a plurality of affordances, for example user selectable icons corresponding applications on the home screen (e.g., phone app, browser app, etc.).  FIGS. 8K-8O  also illustrate a focus selector corresponding to a currently selected affordance (e.g., the icon representing the phone application in  FIG. 8K  is highlighted, providing a visual cue that the focus selector is “over” the phone application and that the phone application is currently selected, although the device has not yet received a command to run the phone application). Furthermore,  FIGS. 8K-8O  illustrate an example of embodiments in which the second operation includes performing an operation associated with application that corresponds to a currently selected affordance of the plurality of affordances. 
       FIG. 8K  illustrates an example in which the focus selector&#39;s position is controlled by circumferential movement around fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., the fingerprint sensor acts as a “scroll-wheel” with exemplary properties illustrated below). In this example, clockwise circumferential movement, as shown, moves the focus selector to the right as shown in  FIG. 8L  (movement of the focus selector over the browser app) and  FIG. 8M  (movement of the focus selector over the mail app). Likewise, although not shown, counter-clockwise circumferential movement around fingerprint sensor  169  moves the focus selector in an opposite direction (e.g., to the left). In some embodiments, the plurality of affordances are ordered and circumferential movement of fingerprint  812  increments the focus selector up or down in the order (e.g., movement of the fingerprint circumscribing an arc of a pre-defined angle, such as 90 degrees, increments the focus selector). In some embodiments, when the focus selector reaches the last affordance in the order, further incrementing the focus selector in the same direction returns the focus selector to the first affordance in the order. In some embodiments, the scroll-wheel functionality is available in an accessibility mode of the device different from a normal mode of the device. 
       FIG. 8N  illustrates an example of activation of button  204  when the force of fingerprint  812  exceeds an activation threshold, as described previously. In this example, because fingerprint  812  has been continuously detected for predetermined period of time PT, the device performs the second operation. In this example, the second operation depends on the currently selected affordance. For example,  FIG. 8O  shows that the second operation has launched the mail app, as the device is now displaying an email interface including user interface objects  814 - 1  through  814 - 3  corresponding to email messages. 
       FIGS. 9A-9C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  900  of allowing a button to serve multiple purposes, in accordance with some embodiments. The method  900  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  900  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  900  provides an intuitive way to allow a button to serve multiple purposes. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when using buttons, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to perform various device operations faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device detects ( 902 ), at an electronic device with a button that includes an integrated fingerprint sensor, a fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, the electronic device includes ( 904 ) a display. In some embodiments, prior to detecting the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor, the device displays ( 906 ) a first user interface on the display (e.g., the user interface shown in  FIG. 8A ). 
     In some embodiments, prior to detecting activation ( 908 ) of the button the device detects ( 910 ) the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor for more than the predetermined period of time. In response to detecting the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor for more than the predetermined period of time, the device displays ( 912 ) a representation of a focus selector on the display (e.g., a focus selector representation that was not displayed just prior to detecting the fingerprint, such as the highlighting of the phone app in  FIG. 8K ). 
     While continuing to detect the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor, the device detects ( 914 ) activation of the button (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 8C ). In some embodiments, the physical button is an intensity-sensitive region of the housing of the device that is determined to have been activated by the device when the intensity detected on the button is increased over an activation intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the physical button is coupled to an electronic switch where movement of the physical button along a first axis (e.g., up and down or left to right) closes the switch and activates the physical button (sometimes resulting in an audible or tactile “click”). In response to detecting activation of the button and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint was not continuously detected on the integrated fingerprint sensor for more than a predetermined period of time prior to detecting activation of the button (e.g., the fingerprint was not continuously detected on the fingerprint sensor for at least 0.3, 0.5, 1, or 2 seconds immediately prior to detecting activation of the button), the device perform ( 916 ) a first operation, where the first operation is a predefined operation associated with activation of the button (e.g., the homing operation described with reference to  FIGS. 8B-8D , or, alternatively, the search screen operation performed with reference to  FIGS. 8D-8F ). 
     In some embodiments, the first user interface is a user interface of a first application, and the first operation includes ( 918 ) ceasing to display the first user interface and displaying an application launch interface (e.g., ceasing to display the archery video game,  FIGS. 8B-8D ). In some embodiments, the first user interface is an application launch interface, and the first operation includes ( 920 ) ceasing to display the application launch interface ( FIG. 8E ) and displaying a predefined application associated with activation of the button (e.g., the search user interface,  FIG. 8F ). 
     In response to detecting activation of the button and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint was continuously detected on the integrated fingerprint sensor for more than the predetermined period of time prior to detecting activation of the button (e.g., the fingerprint was continuously detected on the fingerprint sensor for at least 0.3, 0.5, 1, or 2 seconds immediately prior to detecting activation of the button), the device performs ( 922 ) a second operation different from the first operation, where the second operation is an operation associated with a user interface displayed on the display immediately prior to detecting activation of the button (e.g., the archery fires his or her bow, as shown in  FIGS. 8G-8J ). 
     In some embodiments, the user interface of the first application includes ( 924 ) a plurality of affordances (e.g., menus, controls, hyperlinks and the like) that correspond to respective operations associated with the first application, and the second operation includes performing an operation associated with the first application that corresponds to a currently selected affordance of the plurality of affordances (e.g., the device performs an operation corresponding to an affordance displayed within the application that is currently proximate to or collocated with a focus selector). 
     In some embodiments, the first user interface is an application launch interface (see  920 ), the application launch interface includes ( 926 ) a plurality of application-launch affordances (e.g., application icons,  FIG. 8K ) that correspond to respective applications in a plurality of applications, and the second operation includes launching a respective application that corresponds to a currently selected application-launch affordance of the plurality of application-launch affordances (e.g., the device launches an application corresponding to an application icon that is currently proximate to or collocated with a focus selector). 
     In some embodiments, the second operation is dependent ( 928 ) on a location of a focus selector in the first user interface (e.g., the second operation is an operation that corresponds to activation of a particular user interface object in the first user interface, such as activation of a hyperlink in a webpage or launching an application corresponding to an application icon in an application launch interface), and the first operation is independent of the location of the focus selector in the first user interface. For example, the first operation includes displaying a home screen or application launch screen, displaying a predefined application, and/or ceasing to display a user interface corresponding to a currently displayed application. In some embodiments, a representation of the focus selector is displayed in the first user interface and is ignored when performing the first operation. In some embodiments, a representation of the focus selector is not displayed in the first user interface. 
     In some embodiments, prior to detecting ( 930 ) activation of the button, the device displays ( 932 ) a representation of a focus selector on the display. The device detects ( 934 ) movement of the fingerprint across the fingerprint sensor on the button. In some embodiments, throughout the movement of the fingerprint across the fingerprint sensor, the fingerprint is continuously detected on the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 942 ) the movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, the device moves the representation of the focus selector on the display in accordance with movement of the fingerprint (e.g., the device scrolls the focus selector through selectable user interface objects in accordance with a swipe or circular gesture performed with the fingerprint without activating the button). On the other hand, in some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 936 ) the movement of the fingerprint, the device performs ( 936 ) a third operation (e.g., an option switching operation) in accordance with the movement of the fingerprint. In some embodiments, the third operation includes ( 938 ) selecting, as a currently selected option, a respective option from a plurality of options (e.g., selecting an option from a drop down menu or a item from a set of items, and the second operation includes performing an action associated with the currently selected option. In some embodiments, the first operation is independent ( 940 ) of the currently selected option (e.g., committing the currently selected option as a choice for a content field, or using/activating the item). As one example, the option switching switches between items or weapons in a game, and the second operation includes using the item or firing the weapon in the game. In this example, the first operation is, optionally, exiting the game and returning to a home screen or application launch screen of the device. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 9A-9C  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  900  described above with respect to  FIGS. 9A-9C . For example, the fingerprints, gestures, user interface objects, focus selectors, described above with reference to method  900  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, contacts, user interface objects, focus selectors, described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 10  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1000  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 10  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10 , an electronic device  1000  includes a button unit  1001  with an integrated a fingerprint sensor unit  1002 ; and a processing unit  1008  coupled to the button unit  1001 . The electronic device  1000  optionally includes a display unit  1006  configured to enable the display of one or more user interfaces; and a touch-sensitive surface unit  1004  configured to receive contacts. In some embodiments, the display unit  1006  and the touch-sensitive surface unit  1004  are coupled to the button unit  1001  and/or the processing unit  1008 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1008  includes a detecting unit  1010 , a first operation performing unit  1012 , a second operation performing unit  1014 , and a display enabling unit  1016 . 
     The processing unit  1008  is configured to: detect (e.g., with detecting unit  1010 ) a fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit  1002 . While continuing to detect the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit  1002 , the processing unit  1008  is further configured to detect activation of the button unit  1001 . In response to detecting activation of the button unit  1001 : in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint was not continuously detected on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit  1002  for more than a predetermined period of time prior to detecting activation of the button unit  1001 , the processing unit  1008  is configured to perform a first operation (e.g., with first operation performing unit  1012 ), wherein the first operation is a predefined operation associated with activation of the button unit  1001 . In response to detecting activation of the button unit  1001 : in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint was continuously detected on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit  1002  for more than the predetermined period of time prior to detecting activation of the button unit  1001 , the processing unit  1008  is configured to perform a second operation different from the first operation (e.g., with second operation performing unit  1014 ), wherein the second operation is an operation associated with a user interface displayed on the display unit  1006  immediately prior to detecting activation of the button unit  1001 . 
     In some embodiments, the display unit  1006  is configured to, prior to detecting the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit  1002 , enable the display of a first user interface (e.g., with display enabling unit  1016 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first user interface is a user interface of a first application; and the first operation includes ceasing to enable the display of the first user interface and enabling the display of an application launch interface on the display unit  1006 . 
     In some embodiments, the user interface of the first application includes a plurality of affordances that correspond to respective operations associated with the first application; and the second operation includes performing an operation associated with the first application that corresponds to a currently selected affordance of the plurality of affordances. 
     In some embodiments, the first user interface is an application launch interface; and the first operation includes ceasing to enable the display of the application launch interface and enabling the display of a predefined application associated with activation of the button unit  1001 . 
     In some embodiments, the application launch interface includes a plurality of application-launch affordances that correspond to respective applications in a plurality of applications; and the second operation includes launching a respective application that corresponds to a currently selected application-launch affordance of the plurality of application-launch affordances. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1008  is further configured to, prior to detecting activation of the button unit  1001 : detect the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit  1002  for more than the predetermined period of time; and in response to detecting the fingerprint on the integrated fingerprint sensor unit  1002  for more than the predetermined period of time, enable the display of a representation of a focus selector on the display unit  1006 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1008  is further configured to, prior to detecting activation of the button unit  1001 : display a representation of a focus selector on the display unit  1006 ; detect movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1002 ; and in response to detecting the movement of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1002 , move the representation of the focus selector on the display unit  1006  in accordance with movement of the fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the second operation is dependent on a location of a focus selector in the first user interface; and the first operation is independent of the location of the focus selector in the first user interface. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1008  is further configured to, prior to detecting activation of the button unit  1001 : detect movement of the fingerprint across the fingerprint sensor unit  1002  on the button unit  1001 ; and in response to detecting the movement of the fingerprint, performing a third operation in accordance with the movement of the fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the third operation includes selecting, as a currently selected option, a respective option from a plurality of options; and the second operation includes performing an action associated with the currently selected option. 
     In some embodiments, the first operation is independent of the currently selected option. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 9A-9C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 10 . For example, detecting operation  901 , displaying operation  906 , and performing operation  916  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Locking an Orientation of a User Interface 
     Many electronic devices have different orientations, such as a portrait orientation and a landscape orientation. When these devices display user interfaces and content, the user interfaces and content is typically displayed in the same orientation as the device orientation. Sometimes, the user may want to have user interfaces and content displayed in an orientation different from the device orientation. The user can force the device to display user interfaces and content in a particular orientation by activating an option to lock the orientation of the user interfaces and content. In some methods, activating the orientation locking option requires opening menus and sub-menus and/or multiple gestures and button presses. The embodiments described below improve on these methods by allowing a user to lock the orientation with a simpler input. On a device with a fingerprint sensor, the user locks the user interface and content orientation by rotating a fingerprint in one direction on a fingerprint sensor while the user interface or content is displayed in the desired orientation, and unlock the orientation by rotating the fingerprint in the opposite direction on the fingerprint sensor. This makes the orientation locking process more efficient and simple for users. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  11 A- 11 F and  12 A- 12 B includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated into the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 11A-11F and 12A-12B  will be discussed with reference to touch screen  112  and fingerprint sensor  169 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. Analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , and an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 11A-11F  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or the separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 11A-11F  on the display  450 . 
       FIG. 11A  illustrates user interface  1102  displayed on touch screen  112  of a device (e.g., device  100 ). User interface  1102  is a user interface of, for example, an application or an operating system running on device  100 . For example, user interface  1102  as shown in  FIG. 11A  is a user interface for a notes application. In  FIG. 11A , device  100  is oriented such that the vertical height (i.e., the dimension indicated by arrow  1100 ) of touch screen  112  is longer than the horizontal width (i.e., the dimension indicated by arrow  1101 ); touch screen  112  is in portrait orientation (e.g., a long axis of touch screen  112  is parallel to an up/down axis indicated by arrow  1100 ). In  FIG. 11A , user interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode, in accordance with the portrait orientation of touch screen  112 . For example, in portrait mode, user interface  1102 , right side up, is longer on dimension  1100  than dimension  1101 . 
     In  FIG. 11B , device  100  is oriented such that the vertical height (i.e., dimension  1100 ) of touch screen  112  is shorter than the horizontal width (i.e., dimension  1101 ); touch screen  112  is in landscape orientation (e.g., a long axis of touch screen  112  is parallel to a right/left axis indicated by arrow  1101 ). In  FIG. 11B , user interface  1102  is displayed in landscape mode, in accordance with the landscape orientation of touch screen  112 . For example, in landscape mode, user interface  1102 , right side up, is longer on dimension  1101  than dimension  1100 . 
     It should be appreciated that, in  FIGS. 11A-11F , the longer dimension of device  100  and the longer dimension of touch screen  112  are parallel. Thus, touch screen  112  is in portrait orientation (i.e., vertical height longer than horizontal width) when device  100  is in portrait orientation. Analogously, touch screen  112  is in landscape orientation when device  100  is in landscape orientation. In some embodiments, the longer dimension of device  100  is perpendicular to the longer dimension of touch screen  112 ; touch screen  112  is in portrait orientation when device  100  is in landscape orientation, and vice versa. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 11A-11B , user interface  1102  is displayed in portrait or landscape mode in accordance with the orientation of touch screen  112 . When touch screen  112  changes orientation (e.g., by a user rotating device  100  around an axis perpendicular to the surface of touch screen  112 ) and user interface  1102  is not locked to a particular orientation-specific mode, user interface  1102  is displayed in a mode in accordance with the new orientation (e.g., based on a sensed direction of gravity from an accelerometer integrated into the device). For example, when device  100  is turned from portrait orientation, as in  FIG. 11A , to landscape orientation, as in  FIG. 11B , device  100  changes the displayed user interface  1102  from portrait mode, as in  FIG. 11A , to landscape mode, as in  FIG. 11B . Similarly, when device  100  is turned from landscape orientation, as in  FIG. 11B , to portrait orientation, as in  FIG. 11A , device  100  changes the displayed user interface  1102  from landscape mode, as in  FIG. 11B , to portrait mode, as in  FIG. 11A . 
       FIG. 11C  illustrates device  100  detecting fingerprint  1104  on fingerprint sensor  169 . Fingerprint  1104  is placed on fingerprint sensor  169  by, for example, a user making contact on fingerprint sensor  169  with a finger.  FIG. 11C-11D  illustrates device  100  detecting a rotation of fingerprint  1104  in a clockwise direction around fingerprint sensor  169 . The rotation of fingerprint  1104  is detected while user interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode. In some embodiments, the rotation of fingerprint  1104  is a twisting of fingerprint  1104  on fingerprint sensor  169 . In some other embodiments, the rotation of fingerprint  1104  is a revolution of fingerprint  1104  around fingerprint sensor  169 . 
     In response to detecting the rotation of fingerprint  1104  clockwise around fingerprint sensor  169  while user interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode, device  100  locks user interface  1102  into portrait mode. In some embodiments, a visual indication (e.g., icon  1106 ,  FIG. 11D ) that user interface  1102  is locked in portrait mode is displayed. While user interface  1102  is locked in portrait mode, user interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode whether touch screen  112  is in portrait orientation or in landscape orientation. When user interface  1102 , locked in portrait mode, is displayed and device  100  is rotated to landscape orientation, user interface  1102  remains in portrait mode; user interface  1102  is displayed as if rotated 90 degrees. For example,  FIG. 11E  shows device  100  in landscape orientation while user interface  1102  is locked in portrait mode; user interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode despite the landscape orientation of device  100 . 
     While user interface  1102  is locked in portrait mode, the device  100  detects fingerprint  1108  and a rotation of fingerprint  1108  in a counter-clockwise direction around fingerprint sensor  169 , as shown in  FIGS. 11E-11F . In response to detecting the rotation of fingerprint  1108  counterclockwise around fingerprint sensor  169  while user interface  1102  is locked in portrait mode, user interface  1102  is unlocked from portrait mode. If a visual indication (e.g., icon  1106 ,  FIG. 11D ) that user interface  1102  was locked in portrait mode was displayed while user interface  1102  was locked, then the visual indication ceases to be displayed. For example,  FIG. 11F  shows icon  1106  ceasing to be displayed in response to device  100  detecting the rotation of fingerprint  1108  counter-clockwise around fingerprint sensor  169 . After user interface  1102  is unlocked from portrait mode, the display mode of user interface  1102  again follows the orientation of device  100  (e.g., in accordance with a direction of gravity as detected by the device using an accelerometer or other sensor), as in  FIGS. 11A-11B . For example, in  FIG. 11F , after user interface  1102  is unlocked from portrait mode, user interface  1102  reverts back to landscape mode, as in  FIG. 11B , in accordance with the landscape orientation of device  100 . 
     In some embodiments, operations analogous to those described above are performed to lock user interface  1102  into landscape mode. For example, a fingerprint rotation analogous to the rotation of fingerprint  1104  ( FIGS. 11C-11D ) while user interface  1102  is displayed in landscape mode (e.g., in accordance with device  100  being in landscape orientation) locks user interface  1102  into landscape mode. A fingerprint rotation analogous to the rotation of fingerprint  1108  ( FIGS. 11E-11F ) while user interface  1102  is locked in landscape mode unlocks user interface  1102  from landscape mode. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint rotation that locks user interface  1102  into a particular orientation mode (i.e., portrait mode or landscape mode) is counterclockwise, and the rotation to unlock is clockwise, as opposed to the vice versa described above. 
       FIGS. 12A-12B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  1200  of locking an orientation of user interface in accordance with some embodiments. The method  1200  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  1200  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1200  provides an intuitive way to lock an orientation of user interface. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when locking an orientation of user interface, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to lock an orientation of user interface faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device displays ( 1202 ) a user interface on the display, where the user interface has a first orientation-specific mode of operation (e.g., portrait mode) associated with a first orientation of the device and a second orientation-specific mode of operation (e.g., landscape mode) that is associated with a second orientation of the device that is different from the first orientation of the device.  FIGS. 11A-11B  shows, for example, user interface  1102  displayed on touch screen  112 . User interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode when device  100  is in portrait orientation ( FIG. 11A ), and displayed in landscape mode when device  100  is in landscape orientation ( FIG. 11B ). 
     In some embodiments, the first orientation-specific mode of operation is a portrait orientation mode of operation, and the second orientation-specific mode of operation is a landscape orientation mode of operation ( 1204 ). As shown in  FIGS. 11A-11B , user interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode or landscape mode. 
     While the orientation of the user interface is not locked ( 1206 ), the device displays ( 1208 ) the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation when the device is in the first orientation, and displays ( 1210 ) the user interface in the second orientation-specific mode of operation when the device is in the second orientation.  FIGS. 11A-11B  show user interface  1102  that is not locked in a particular orientation mode. User interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode when device  100  is in portrait orientation ( FIG. 11A ), and displayed in landscape mode when device  100  is in landscape orientation ( FIG. 11B ). 
     The device detects ( 1212 ) a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor.  FIG. 11C , for example, shows fingerprint  1104  detected on fingerprint sensor  169 . As another example,  FIG. 11E  shows fingerprint  1108  detected on fingerprint sensor  169 . In some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor is ( 1214 ) separate from the display. For example, fingerprint sensor  169  is separate from touch screen  112 . 
     While the user interface is in the first orientation-specific mode of operation, the device detects ( 1216 ) rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., where an orientation of the fingerprint changes relative to an orientation of the fingerprint sensor) in a first direction (e.g., clockwise). For example,  FIG. 11D  shows device  100  detecting rotation (e.g., twisting) of fingerprint  1104  on fingerprint sensor  169  in a clockwise direction. In response to detecting rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction ( 1218 ), the device locks ( 1220 ) the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation. In  FIG. 11D , for example, in response to detecting the clockwise rotation of fingerprint  1104  while user interface  1102  is displayed in portrait mode, device  100  locks user interface  1102  into portrait mode (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 11E ). 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction ( 1218 ), the device displays ( 1222 ) a visual indication that the user interface orientation is locked in the first orientation-specific mode of operation. In  FIG. 11D , for example, in response to detecting the clockwise rotation of fingerprint  1104 , in addition to locking user interface  1102  into portrait mode, device  100  displays icon  1106  to indicate that user interface  1102  is locked in portrait mode. 
     While the user interface is locked in the first orientation-specific mode of operation ( 1224 ), the device detects that the device is in the second orientation and maintains ( 1226 ) the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation. For example,  FIG. 11D  shows device  100  in portrait orientation and user interface  1102  locked in portrait mode. When device  100  is rotated (e.g., by the user) to landscape orientation, device  100  detects that it is now in landscape orientation and maintains user interface  1102 , which was locked in portrait mode, in portrait mode, as shown in  FIG. 11E . 
     In some embodiments, while the user interface is in the second orientation-specific mode of operation, the device detects rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., where an orientation of the fingerprint changes relative to an orientation of the fingerprint sensor) in a first direction (e.g., clockwise); in response to detecting rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in the first direction, the device locks the user interface in the second orientation-specific mode of operation; and while the user interface is locked in the second orientation-specific mode of operation, the device detects that the device is in the first orientation and maintains the user interface in the second orientation-specific mode of operation. Thus, analogously, user interface  1102  is, optionally, locked into landscape mode, and is displayed in landscape mode even when device  100  is in portrait orientation. 
     In some embodiments, while the user interface is locked in the first orientation-specific mode of operation ( 1224 ), the device detects ( 1228 ) rotation of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor in a second direction (e.g., counterclockwise) different from the first direction. In response to detecting the rotation of the fingerprint in the second direction, the device unlocks ( 1230 ) the user interface from the first orientation-specific mode of operation. For example,  FIG. 11F  shows device  100  detecting a counterclockwise rotation (e.g., twisting) of fingerprint  1108  while user interface  1102  is locked in portrait mode. In response to detecting the counterclockwise rotation of fingerprint  1108  while user interface  1102  is locked in portrait mode, user interface  1102  is unlocked from portrait mode. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 12A-12B  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1200  described above with respect to  FIGS. 12A-12B . For example, the fingerprints and user interfaces described above with reference to method  1200  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints and user interfaces described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 13  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1300  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 13  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , an electronic device  1300  includes a display unit  1302  configured to display a user interface, where the user interface has a first orientation-specific mode of operation associated with a first orientation of the device  1300  and a second orientation-specific mode of operation that is associated with a second orientation of the device  1300  that is different from the first orientation of the device  1300 , optionally, a touch-sensitive surface unit  1304 , a fingerprint sensor unit  1306 ; and a processing unit  1308  coupled to the display unit  1302 , the touch-sensitive surface unit  1304  and the fingerprint sensor unit  1306 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1308  includes a display enabling unit  1310 , a detecting unit  1312 , a locking unit  1314 , a maintaining unit  1316 , and an unlocking unit  1318 . 
     The processing unit  1308  is configured to: while the orientation of the user interface is not locked: enable display of the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation when the device  1300  is in the first orientation (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1310 ), and enable display of the user interface in the second orientation-specific mode of operation when the device  1300  is in the second orientation (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1310 ); detect a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1306  (e.g., with the detecting unit  1312 ); while the user interface is in the first orientation-specific mode of operation, detect rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1306  in a first direction (e.g., with the detecting unit  1312 ); in response to detecting rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1306  in the first direction, lock the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation (e.g., with the locking unit  1314 ); and while the user interface is locked in the first orientation-specific mode of operation, detect that the device  1300  is in the second orientation (e.g., with the detecting unit  1312 ) and maintain the user interface in the first orientation-specific mode of operation (e.g., with the maintaining unit  1316 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1308  is configured to: while the user interface is locked in the first orientation-specific mode of operation, detect rotation of a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1306  in a second direction different from the first direction (e.g., with the detecting unit  1312 ); and in response to detecting the rotation of the fingerprint in the second direction, unlock the user interface from the first orientation-specific mode of operation (e.g., with the unlocking unit  1318 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1308  is configured to: in response to detecting rotation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1306  in the first direction, enable display of a visual indication that the user interface orientation is locked in the first orientation-specific mode of operation (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1310 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first orientation-specific mode of operation is a portrait orientation mode of operation, and the second orientation-specific mode of operation is a landscape orientation mode of operation. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor unit  1306  is separate from the display unit  1302 . 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 12A-12B  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 13 . For example, detection operations  1212  and  1216 , locking operation  1220 , and detecting and maintaining operations  1226  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Controlling Noise Reduction in Recorded Audio with a Fingerprint Sensor 
     Many electronic devices enable users to record media, including recording audio. While recording, a user typically wishes to reduce/cancel noise coming from sources other than the intended source in the recorded audio. For example, a user may wish to reduce the sound of his breathing in the recorded audio. However, a user may wish to stop or toggle the noise reduction at will. For example, the user may wish to provide commentary during certain parts of recorded media while cancelling inadvertent user sounds during other parts. Existing devices either do not provide the user this functionality or require the user to navigate through various menus and user interfaces. In the embodiments described below, an improved method for controlling noise reduction in recorded audio is achieved by using a fingerprint sensor to allow the user to toggle noise reduction on and off. This method streamlines the process of controlling noise reduction in recorded audio by doing so in response to a fingerprint sensor on an electronic device. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  14 A- 14 D and  15  includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 14A-14D and 15  will be discussed with reference to display  450 , a touch-sensitive surface  451 , and an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 , however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  and a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 14A-14D  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 14A-14D  on the display  450 . Additionally, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a touch screen  112  in response to detecting the contacts described in  FIGS. 14A-14D  on a fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 14A-14D  on the touch screen  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 . 
       FIGS. 14A-14C  illustrate an example of controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor.  FIG. 14A  shows user interface  1402 , including media recording interface  1406  with noise reduction status  1408  and video preview  1410 , displayed on display  450  of a device (e.g., portable multifunction device  100 ).  FIG. 14A  further illustrates touch-sensitive surface  451  with integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 .  FIG. 14A  also shows the device detecting fingerprint  1404  (e.g., a right thumb contact) on touch-sensitive surface  451  away from integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  and noise reduction status  1408  indicating that noise reduction is on (e.g., active) in the recorded audio.  FIG. 14B  shows the device detecting fingerprint  1404  on touch-sensitive surface  451  over integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  and noise reduction status  1408  indicating that noise reduction is off (e.g., inactive) in the recorded audio.  FIG. 14C  shows the device detecting that fingerprint  1404  is no longer on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  and noise reduction status  1408  indicating that noise reduction is on in the recorded audio. 
       FIG. 14D  illustrates an example of a device with a display, a fingerprint sensor, and a camera sensor for use in controlling noise reduction in recorded audio.  FIG. 14D  shows device  1412  with fingerprint sensor  1418  and display  1422  on first side  1414  and camera sensor  1420  on second side  1416 . 
       FIG. 15  is a flow diagram illustrating a method  1500  of controlling noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor in accordance with some embodiments. The method  1500  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  1500  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1500  provides an intuitive way to control noise reduction in recorded audio with a fingerprint sensor. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when controlling noise reduction in recorded audio, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to control noise reduction in recorded audio faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device records ( 1502 ) media, where recording the media includes recording audio. For example,  FIG. 14A  shows a device recording media as indicated by media recording interface  1406 . 
     While recording the media ( 1504 ), the device reduces ( 1506 ), in the recorded audio, noise occurring on a first side of the device. For example, in  FIG. 14A , noise reduction status  1408  indicates that the device is reducing noise in the recorded audio. 
     While continuing to record the media ( 1504 ), the device detects ( 1508 ) a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. For example,  FIG. 14B  shows the device detecting fingerprint  1404  (e.g., a right thumb contact) on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 . 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor is located ( 1510 ) on the first side of the device. For example,  FIG. 14D  shows fingerprint sensor  1418  on first side  1414  of device  1412 . 
     While continuing to record the media ( 1504 ) and in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, the device ceases ( 1512 ) to reduce noise occurring on the first side of the device. For example,  FIG. 14B  shows the device detecting fingerprint  1404  (e.g., a right thumb contact) on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  and noise reduction status  1408  indicating that the device has ceased to reduce noise in the recorded audio. 
     In some embodiments, after ceasing to reduce the noise occurring on the first side of the device, the device detects ( 1514 ) when the fingerprint is no longer on the fingerprint sensor, and, in response to detecting that the fingerprint is no longer on the fingerprint sensor, the device resumes ( 1516 ) reduction of noise occurring on the first side of the device in the recorded audio. For example, a device is initially cancelling noise from one side of the device (e.g., so as to avoid recording the breathing or other noises created by a videographer that the videographer does not intend to record) and subsequently, when the device detects a fingerprint on a fingerprint sensor, the device temporarily ceases to reduce/cancel noise on the first side of the camera (e.g., so that a videographer can comment on the video) and then the device resumes noise cancellation for noises on the first side of the device after or in response to ceasing to detect the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., once the videographer has finished commenting on the video).  FIG. 14C , for example, shows the device no longer detecting fingerprint  1404  on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  (e.g., fingerprint  1404  lifted off or moved away from integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 ).  FIG. 14C  further shows noise reduction status  1408  indicating that the device has resumed reduction of noise in the recorded audio. 
     In some embodiments, recording the media includes recording ( 1518 ) video from a camera sensor on a second side of the device that is different (e.g., opposite from) from the first side of the device. For example, the video is recorded using a front-facing camera and noise is reduced/cancelled using acoustic beam forming to cancel audio input from behind the device. For example,  FIG. 14D  shows camera sensor  1420  on second side  1416  of device  1412 . 
     In some embodiments, recording the media includes displaying ( 1520 ) a preview of the video on a display located on the first side of the device (e.g., the side that the user is on). From another viewpoint, the method includes displaying a preview of the video on the display located on the first side of the device. For example,  FIG. 14A  shows video preview  1410  on display  450  of a device. 
     In some embodiments, recording the media includes recording sounds occurring on a second side of the device that is different from the first side of the device, and, in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, the device reduces ( 1522 ), in the recorded audio, noise occurring on the second side of the device. For example,  FIG. 14B  shows the device detecting fingerprint  1404  (e.g., a right thumb contact) on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 . In this example, and in accordance with these embodiments, the device has ceased to reduce noise occurring on the first side of the device (as indicated by noise reduction status  1408 ) and is reducing noise occurring on the second side of the device (indication of noise reduction on the second side of the device is not shown in  FIG. 14B ). 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIG. 15  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1500  described above with respect to  FIG. 15 . For example, the fingerprints and contacts described above with reference to method  1500  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints and contacts described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 16  shows a functional block diagram of electronic device  1600  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 16  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 16 , electronic device  1600  includes fingerprint sensor unit  1606  and processing unit  1608  coupled to fingerprint sensor unit  1606 . In some embodiments, electronic device  1600  further includes display unit  1602  and camera sensor unit  1604  coupled to processing unit  1608 . In some embodiments, processing unit  1608  includes recording unit  1610 , noise reducing unit  1612 , detection unit  1614 , and display enabling unit  1616 . 
     Processing unit  1608  is configured to record (e.g., with recording unit  1610 ) media with the device, where recording the media includes recording audio. Processing unit  1608  is further configured to, while recording the media, reduce (e.g., with noise reducing unit  1612 ), in the recorded audio, noise occurring on a first side of the device, detect (e.g., with detecting unit  1614 ) a fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit, and, in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit, cease to reduce (e.g., with noise reducing unit  1612 ) noise occurring on the first side of the device. 
     In some embodiments, fingerprint sensor unit  1606  is located on the first side of the device. 
     In some embodiments, processing unit  1608  is further configured to, after ceasing to reduce (e.g., with noise reducing unit  1612 ) the noise occurring on the first side of the device, detect (e.g., with detecting unit  1614 ) when the fingerprint is no longer on the fingerprint sensor, and, in response to detecting (e.g., with detecting unit  1614 ) that the fingerprint is no longer on the fingerprint sensor unit, resume reduction (e.g., with noise reducing unit  1612 ) of noise occurring on the first side of the device in the recorded audio. 
     In some embodiments, electronic device  1600  further comprises a camera sensor unit on a second side of the device that is different from the first side of the device and processing unit  1608  is further configured to record (e.g., with recording unit  1610 ) video from the camera sensor unit. 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises display unit  1602  located on the first side of the device and recording (e.g., with recording unit  1610 ) the media includes enabling display (e.g., with display enabling unit  1616 ) of a preview of the video on the display unit. 
     In some embodiments, recording the media includes recording (e.g., with recording unit  1610 ) sounds occurring on a second side of the device that is different from the first side of the device and processing unit  1608  is further configured to, in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit, reduce (e.g., with noise reducing unit  1612 ), in the recorded audio, noise occurring on the second side of the device. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIG. 15  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 16 . For example, recording operation  1402 , reducing operation  1506 , and detection operation  1508  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Performing Operations Based on a Class-Based Profile 
     Many electronic devices have multiple functions and multiple users. Not all functions are suitable for all users, and thus certain function restrictions are implemented for some user. In some situations, user identification at a device is done through a login process, where users identify themselves specifically with a username and password. However, switching between users through a login process is time-consuming and inefficient. Also, the identity of the specific user is not essential for all function restrictions. The embodiments described below improve on these methods by restricting or modifying functions based on user classes identified by fingerprint. When a device detects a fingerprint of a user, the device identifies a one or more user classes based on the detected fingerprint selects profiles associated with the identified user classes as active, including at least one class that is not unique to the user. When the device receives a request to perform one or more operations, the device performs a respective operation based on the request and the active profiles. The respective operation can be in addition to or instead of the requested operation(s). By customizing operations and functions on the device based on user classes that not unique (e.g., are agnostic) to the specific user identity, function restrictions can be implemented on the device for situations where frequent user login and logoff is inefficient (e.g., parent sharing a device with a child) or unfeasible (e.g., public or semi-public devices for use by a broader population than a closed circle of users). 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  17 A- 17 K and  18 A- 18 B includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 17A-17K and 18A-18B  will be discussed with reference to display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  and a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 17A-17K  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 17A-17K  on the display  450 . Additionally, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a touch screen  112  in response to detecting the contacts described in  FIGS. 17A-17K  on a fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 17A-17K  on the touch screen  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. 
       FIG. 17A  illustrates a device with display  450 , touch-sensitive surface  451 , and integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 . User interface  1700  is displayed on display  450 . As shown in  FIG. 17A , user interface  1700  is, for example, a desktop graphical user interface, a home screen or menu, or the like. User interface  1700  is, optionally, another type of user interface, such as a user interface for an application. User interface  1700  optionally includes one or more application icons, such as “Settings” icon  1704  and application icons similar to the application icons displayed in user interface  400  ( FIG. 4A ). A user can interact with user interface  1700  and make requests for one or more operations to be performed by the device using a respective input element, such as touch-sensitive surface  451 , a button, a mouse, or a keyboard. For example, a user can activate a user interface for adjusting device settings (e.g., settings user interface  1708 ,  FIG. 17C ) by activating “Settings” icon  1704  using, for example, touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., performing a tap gesture on touch-sensitive surface  451  associated with a focus selector such as cursor  1705  that is at a location on the display corresponding to “Settings” icon  1704 ). 
     In some embodiments, the device is associated with multiple profiles. The multiple profiles include one or more user-specific profiles and one or more class-based profiles. In some embodiments, each user-specific profile corresponds to a respective user. In some embodiments, each of the class-based profiles, which are distinct from the user-specific profiles, corresponds to a respective class of users. In some embodiments, one or more of the class-based profiles correspond to age-based user classes. Examples of age-based class-based profiles include a class-based profile corresponding to adults (e.g., users 18 years or older), a class-based profile corresponding to non-adults or children (e.g., users under 18 years old), and a class-based profile corresponding to seniors (e.g., users older than 65 years old). In some embodiments, the profiles are retrieved from the memory of the device (e.g., memory  102  or  370 ). In some other embodiments, the profiles are received from a remote computer system. The profiles are retrieved or received in response to one or more particular operations (e.g., detection of a fingerprint on fingerprint sensor  359 ) or as part of a predefined routine. 
     The device also includes data regarding one or more fingerprints that have been previously registered at the device. Each registered fingerprint corresponds to a respective user-specific profile. In some embodiments, the registered fingerprints are stored in, and retrieved from, the memory (e.g., memory  102  or  370 ) of the device. 
     While a user interface (e.g., user interface  1700 ) is displayed on display  450 , a fingerprint is detected on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 .  FIGS. 17A-17B  illustrate fingerprints of different sizes detected on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 .  FIG. 17A  illustrates fingerprint  1702  being detected on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 , and  FIG. 17B  illustrates fingerprint  1706  being detected on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  instead of fingerprint  1702 . Fingerprint  1702  and fingerprint  1706  are fingerprints from two different users who respectively belong to different classes of users. For example, fingerprint  1702  is determined to belong to a user in a class of adult users, and fingerprint  1706 , which is smaller than fingerprint  1702  and determined by the device to be about the size of a child&#39;s fingerprint, is determined to belong to a user in a class of child users. 
     Based on the detected fingerprint, the device selects one or more class-based profiles, from class-based profiles associated with the device, as active profiles that correspond to the detected fingerprint. For example, for fingerprint  1702 , the device selects an “Adults” profile as an active profile, as well as any other class-based profile for which the device determines that the user to which fingerprint  1702  belongs fits. For fingerprint  1706 , the device selects a “Children” profile, as well as any other class-based profile for which the device determines that the user to which fingerprint  1706  belongs fits. It should be appreciated that a user can be associated with multiple classes. Thus, for a given detected fingerprint, multiple class-based profiles can be selected as active (e.g., a fingerprint could be associated with the “adults” class of users and the “male” class of users or the “children” class of users and the “female” class of users). 
     In some embodiments, the class-based profiles are selected without regard to authentication of the detected fingerprint. For example, selection of class-based profiles does not require comparison of the detected fingerprint to previously registered fingerprints associated with the device. In some embodiments, the selection of class-based profiles is based on the characteristics and features of the detected fingerprint. For example, the “Adults” profile is selected for fingerprint  1702  and the “Children” profile is selected for fingerprint  1706  based on the sizes of these respective fingerprints; fingerprint  1706  is determined to be a child&#39;s fingerprint based on its size, and fingerprint  1702  is determined to be an adult&#39;s fingerprint based on its size. 
     In some embodiments, the class-based profiles are selected in addition to selection of a user-specific profile based on a comparison of the detected fingerprint to previously registered fingerprints at the device. In some embodiments, identification or selection of a user-specific profile aids in the selection of class-based profiles. For example, one or more class-based profiles are, optionally, selected based on a comparison of the user-specific profile to characteristics of the classes based on which the respective class-based profiles are defined. 
     After the device selects one or more class-based profiles as active profiles for the device, the device receives an input, with the respective input element, corresponding to a request to perform one or more operations at a device. For example, the device receives an input to activate “Settings” icon  1704  (or “Settings” icon  446 ) (e.g., a gesture on touch-sensitive surface  451  while a focus selector such as cursor  1705  is located over “Settings” icon  1704 ), which corresponds to a request to display settings user interface  1708  ( FIG. 17C ). Depending on the active class-based profiles, settings user interface  1708  is displayed or an error message is displayed instead. For example, on the device as shown in  FIGS. 17A-17B , settings user interface  1708  is not displayed if the “Children” profile is active. Thus, for example, if the detected fingerprint is fingerprint  1702  ( FIG. 17A ), and thus the “Adults” profile, but not the “Children” profile, is selected as active, settings user interface  1708  is displayed, as shown in  FIG. 17C ; the operation of displaying settings user interface  1708  is performed based on the request and the active “Adults” profile. 
     On the other hand, if the detected fingerprint is fingerprint  1706  ( FIG. 17B ), and thus the “Children” profile, but not the “Adults” profile, is selected as active, then settings user interface  1708  is not displayed. Instead, an error message or the like (e.g., error message  1710 ) indicating that settings user interface  1708  is not accessible is displayed, as shown in  FIG. 17D ; the operation of displaying error message  1710  is performed based on the request and the active “Children” profile. 
     Another example of an input corresponding to a request to perform one or more operations at a device is a request to open a video application. For example, the user performs a gesture (e.g., a tap or double tap gesture) on touch-surface surface  451  while a focus selector is located over online video icon  432  ( FIG. 4A ) to open an online video application (e.g., online video module  155 ,  FIG. 1A ). As another example, the user performs a gesture (e.g., a tap or double tap gesture) on touch-sensitive surface  451  while a focus selector (e.g., a contact detected on touchscreen  112  or a cursor displayed on display  450 ) is located over a media or video application icon (e.g., icon  422 ,  FIG. 4A ) in user interface  400  to open an application (e.g., video and music player module  152 ,  FIG. 1A ) for viewing videos stored at the device. For convenience, both the application for viewing online videos and the application for viewing videos stored at the device are, hereinafter, both referred to as video application(s). 
     When a video application is opened, a user interface corresponding to the video application, such as user interface  1712 , is displayed. User interface  1712  shows a list of videos  1714  stored at the device that can be selected for playback.  FIGS. 17E-17F  illustrates differences in the list of videos  1714  displayed in user interface  1712  depending on which class-based profile is active at the device when the video application was launched.  FIG. 17E  illustrates the list of videos  1714  that is displayed when the “Adults” profile is active at the device. With the “Adults” profile active, the list of videos  1714  displayed in user interface  1712  includes videos suitable for all ages and/or children (e.g., videos  1714 - 1  and  1714 - 2 , rated as “All ages”) and videos that may not be suitable for children (e.g., videos  1714 - 3  and  1714 - 4 , rated as “17+”).  FIG. 17E  illustrates the list of videos  1714  that is displayed when the “Children” profile is active at the device. With the “Children” profile active, the list of videos  1714  displayed in user interface  1712  includes videos suitable for all ages and/or children (e.g., videos  1714 - 1  and  1714 - 2 ) and excludes videos that may not be suitable for children (e.g., videos  1714 - 3  and  1714 - 4 ). 
     Another example of an input corresponding to a request to perform one or more operations at a device is a request to play a video. For example, the user performs a gesture (e.g., a tap or double tap gesture) on touch-surface surface  451  while a focus selector (e.g., a contact detected on touchscreen  112  or a cursor displayed on display  450 ) is located over a video  1714  in the list of videos in user interface  1712  ( FIG. 17E or 17F ) to select the video  1714 . In response to detecting the gesture, video playback interface  1716  is displayed and playback starts (alternatively, video playback starts when the user activates a play button). Video playback interface  1716  includes video frame  1718 , playback controls  1720  (e.g., play/pause button, scrubber), and volume control  1722  for controlling the volume level of the audio content in the video. Volume control  1722  includes volume slider bar  1726  and thumb  1724 ; the position of thumb  1724  in volume slider bar  1726  indicates the current volume level. In some embodiments, if certain class-based profiles are active at the device when a video  1714  is selected for playback, a maximum volume level restriction is imposed. For example, if the “Children” profile is active when the video  1714  is selected for playback, volume thumb  1724  is restricted from moving beyond a certain level in volume slider bar  1726 . For example, in  FIG. 17G , volume thumb  1724  is restricted from moving into area  1728  in volume slider bar  1726 . This caps the maximum volume at a level below 100%, thus helping to prevent hearing damage. If the “Adults” profile is active, the maximum volume level restriction is not imposed; the user can move volume thumb  1724  along the entire length of volume slider  1726 . 
     Another example of an input corresponding to a request to perform one or more operations at a device is a request to display a document. For example, the user makes a request to open a document (e.g., selects a document in an application or selects a hyperlink in a web browser). In response to the request, the device displays the document in a user interface (e.g., user interface  1730 ). User interface  1730  is a user interface for any application that is capable of displaying documents or text, such as a word processing application, web browser, e-reader application, and so on. In some embodiments, the device automatically adjusts the zoom scale of the displayed document or the font size of the text in the displayed document based on the active class-based profile. For example,  FIGS. 17H and 171  show document  1732  displayed in user interface  1730 . If the active class-based profile is “Adults,” the zoom level is set to a default or normal level (e.g., 100%), as shown with document  1732 - 1  in  FIG. 17H . If the active class-based profile is “Children” or a class-based profile corresponding to seniors, the zoom level is set to a higher level (e.g., 200%), as shown with document  1732 - 2  in  FIG. 17I . With the higher zoom level, text in document  1732  appears bigger on display  450  and thus easier for a child or a senior citizen to read. 
     In some embodiments, when a fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  1702  or  1706 ) is detected on fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 , a user-specific profile is identified and selected as well as the one or more class-based profiles. For example, when fingerprint  1702  is detected on fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  ( FIG. 17A ), the device identifies a matching fingerprint from the previously registered fingerprints on the device and selects a user-specific profile associated with the identified fingerprint matching fingerprint  1702  to be the active user-specific profile on the device, as well identifying and selecting one or more class-based profiles to be active on the device, as described above. Similarly, when fingerprint  1706  is detected on fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  ( FIG. 17B ), the device identifies a matching fingerprint from the previously registered fingerprints on the device and selects a user-specific profile associated with the identified fingerprint matching fingerprint  1706  to be the active user-specific profile on the device, as well identifying and selecting one or more class-based profiles to be active on the device, as described above. 
     In some embodiments, when the device receives an input corresponding to a request to perform one or more operations, the device performs a respective operation, in response to the request, based on the active user-specific profile. For example,  FIG. 17J  illustrates web form  1734  (e.g., a web page with finable form fields) for inputting personal information displayed on display  450  in response to a user input corresponding to a request to display web form  1734  in an application (e.g., a web browser). The input includes, for example, the user selecting (e.g., by tap gesture on; by mouse click while a focus selector is located over) a hyperlink to web form  1734 . Web form  1734  includes personal information fields  1736 , such as name, one or more address-related fields (e.g., street, city, etc.), and phone number. In response to receiving the request to display web form  1734 , the device displays web form  1734  and populates fields  1736  in web form  1734  with personal information  1738 - 1  thru  1738 - 6  based on the active user-specific profile (e.g., a name, address and phone number for “John Doe”). Personal information  1738  used to populate fields  1736  are drawn from information associated with the active user-specific profile, such as contact information associated with the active user-specific profile. 
     As another example,  FIG. 17K  illustrates personalized web page  1740  displayed on display  450  in response to a user input corresponding to a request to load web page  1740  in an application (e.g., a web browser). The input includes, for example, the user selecting (e.g., by tap gesture on; by mouse click while a focus selector is located over) a hyperlink to web page  1740  or completing a login procedure for loading web page  1740 . Web page  1740  includes content personalized to the user associated with the active user-specific profile. The personalized content includes, for example, shortcuts or links  1742  to web applications or other website features, where the set of shortcuts  1742  being presented is personalized to the user&#39;s preferences or historical pattern of web usage; news feed  1744 , where the news categories and/or news sources are personalized to the user&#39;s preferences; and weather  1746  personalized to a location associated with the user (e.g., home address, work address, current location). 
     Web page  1740  with personalized content  1742 ,  1744 , and  1746  is loaded in accordance with a cookie associated with the active user-specific profile; the host of web page  1740  identifies the user to which web page  1740  is personalized based on the cookie. The cookie is stored in, for example, the memory (e.g., memory  102  or  370 ) of the device. 
       FIGS. 18A-18B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  1800  of performing operations based on a class-based profile in accordance with some embodiments. The method  1800  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display, a fingerprint sensor, and a respective input element (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface, a button or a keyboard). In some embodiments, the input element is the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, the input element is different from the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  1800  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1800  provides an intuitive way to perform operations based on a class-based profile. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when performing operations by customizing the operations based on a class-based profile, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to perform operations based on a class-based profile faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device obtains (e.g., retrieving from memory or receiving from a remote computer system) a plurality of profiles ( 1802 ), where the plurality of profiles includes one or more user-specific profiles and one or more class-based profiles, distinct from the user-specific profiles, that each correspond to a respective class of users. The profiles are stored in, for example, the memory (e.g., memory  102  or  370 ) of the device or in the cloud. 
     The device detects ( 1804 ) a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor.  FIG. 17A , for example, shows the device detecting fingerprint  1702 .  FIG. 17B  shows the device detecting fingerprint  1706 . 
     The device selects ( 1806 ) one or more class-based profiles associated with the device as active profiles that correspond to the first fingerprint without regard to authentication of the first fingerprint as a previously registered fingerprint (e.g., determining that the first fingerprint corresponds to a fingerprint of a user in the first class does not include directly comparing the first fingerprint to previously registered fingerprints), including, in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint corresponds to a fingerprint of a user in a first class of users that are associated with a first class-based profile, selecting the first class-based profile as an active profile. In some embodiments, the first class-based profile is selected without authenticating the fingerprint as a previously registered fingerprint. For example, if no authentication is required or the fingerprint does not match any of the previously registered fingerprints, the device can still adjust the function of the device in accordance with one or more active class-based profiles that are determined based on generalized characteristics of the fingerprint and thus do not require a positive identification of a user associated with the fingerprint. 
     For example, if fingerprint  1702  is detected ( FIG. 17A ), the device selects an “Adults” class-based profile without regard to whether fingerprint  1702  matches a previously registered fingerprint (e.g., the “Adults” class-based profile is selected based on a size of the fingerprint without needing to identify the user by matching the pattern of the fingerprint to a known fingerprint pattern associated with the user). If fingerprint  1706  is detected ( FIG. 17B ), the device selects a “Children” class-based profile without regard to whether fingerprint  1706  matches a previously registered fingerprint (e.g., the “Children” class-based profile is selected based on a size of the fingerprint without needing to identify the user by matching the pattern of the fingerprint to a known fingerprint pattern associated with the user). 
     In some embodiments, the first class-based profile is selected ( 1808 ) in accordance with a detected size of the first fingerprint. For example, if the detected first fingerprint is below a predefined size threshold (e.g., average feature size, maximum diameter, etc.), then the first fingerprint is classified as a child&#39;s fingerprint and a generic child profile is selected as an active profile for the device. Thus, in some embodiments, the first fingerprint is determined to be a child fingerprint either based on identification of the first fingerprint as belonging to a user that is below a predefined or user-specified age (e.g., 12 years old) or based on a determination that the first fingerprint has fingerprint characteristics that are typical characteristics of a child&#39;s fingerprint and thus is most likely the fingerprint of a child, even if the fingerprint has not been registered as belonging to a particular child. For example, the “Adults” profile is selected for fingerprint  1702 , and the “Children” profile is selected for fingerprint  1706 , which is smaller than fingerprint  1702 . 
     In some embodiments, the first class-based profile restricts ( 1810 ) operation of the device for members of the first class. For example, when a child-specific profile is an active profile, the device limits access to particular settings, applications, information that is inappropriate (e.g., violent or otherwise restricted) or sensitive (e.g., passwords, financial information, account settings, and/or performing destructive actions such as deleting documents and applications). For example, while the “Children” profile is active, access to settings user interface  1708  is restricted. Thus, if “Settings” icon  1704  is activated while the “Children” profile is active, settings user interface  1708  ( FIG. 17C ) is not displayed. Instead, error message  1710  is displayed, for example as shown in  FIG. 17D . 
     In some embodiments, the first class-based profile changes ( 1812 ) functions of the device so as to make the functions more appropriate for members of the first class. For example, when a child-specific profile is an active profile, the device adapts programs for interaction with a child (e.g., using child-specific workout profiles instead of adult-specific workout profiles in a workout application or displaying children&#39;s books rather than adult books in an e-reader application). For example, while the “Children” profile is active, access to videos not suitable for children is restricted. Thus, while the “Children” profile is active, as shown in  FIG. 17F , the list of videos  1714  in user interface  1712  listing videos  1714  excludes videos that may not be suitable for children (e.g., videos  1714 - 3  and  1714 - 4 ). 
     In some embodiments, after detecting the first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor ( 1814 ), the device determines ( 1816 ) fingerprint features of the first fingerprint, identifies ( 1818 ) a previously registered fingerprint matching the fingerprint features of the first fingerprint, and selects ( 1820 ) a first user-specific profile associated with the previously registered fingerprint as an active profile (e.g., in addition to selecting the first class-based user profile as an active profile). These fingerprint analysis/matching operations are optionally performed at a central processing unit of the device or at a secured processing device associated with the fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, the device determines whether to select any of a set of one or more user-specific profiles as an active profile and, optionally, does not select any of the plurality of profiles as an active profile if none of the user-specific profiles are determined to be associated with the first fingerprint (e.g., if none of the user-specific profiles are associated with previously registered fingerprints that match the first fingerprint). In some embodiments, if no user-specific profile is selected, a default profile is used instead. For example, after detecting fingerprint  1702  or  1706 , the device also determines if the detected fingerprint matches a previously registered fingerprint. If a previously registered fingerprint is identified for the detected fingerprint, a user-specific profile associated with the identified previously registered fingerprint is selected as active on the device, in addition to any class-based profiles selected as active (e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 17J and 17K , where a web form  1734  and a webpage  1740  are loaded in accordance with user-specific information associated with a user-specific profile selected based on a detected fingerprint). 
     The device receives ( 1822 ) an input with the respective input element, where the input corresponds to a request to perform one or more operations at the device. In some embodiments, the input is received while the one or more profiles associated with the device are the active profiles (e.g., after the one or more profiles have been selected as active profiles). In some embodiments, the one or more profiles are selected as the active profiles in response to receiving the input. In some embodiments, the input includes a gesture on a touch-sensitive surface of the device. In some embodiments, the input includes moving the device within range of a near-field communication device and receiving a signal from the near-field communication device. The input can be, for example, a gesture on touch-sensitive surface  451  or a mouse click to activate “Settings” icon  1704  while a cursor  1705  is over “Settings” icon  1704 , a gesture on touch-sensitive surface  451  or a mouse click to activate display of user interface  1712 , a gesture on touch-sensitive surface  451  or a mouse click to select a video  1714  for playback, and so on. In some embodiments, the input is a tap gesture on a portion of a touchscreen display that includes a selectable icon, where the fingerprint sensor is integrated into the touchscreen display and the characteristics of the fingerprint are determined based on the tap gesture. In some embodiments, the input is a press input on a trackpad (e.g., a contact with an intensity above an activation intensity threshold or a contact and activation of a physical actuator underneath the trackpad or a separate actuator button) while a cursor is over the selectable icon on a display. 
     In response to receiving the input with the respective input element while the first class-based profile is selected as an active profile, the device performs ( 1824 ) a respective operation based on the request and the first class-based profile (and, optionally, based on one or more other active profiles). For example, in response to receiving the input to display settings user interface  1708  (e.g., a gesture on touch-sensitive surface to activate “Settings” icon  1704 ), the device displays settings user interface  1708  ( FIG. 17C ) or error message  1710  ( FIG. 17D ) based on which class-based profile is currently active (e.g., the settings user interface is displayed if the “Adults” profile is active and the error message is displayed if the “Children” profile is active). As another example, in response to receiving the input, the device displays a full list of videos  1714  ( FIG. 17E ) or a limited list of videos  1714  ( FIG. 17F ) based on which class-based profile is currently active (e.g., the full list of videos is displayed if the “Adults” profile is active and the limited list of videos is displayed if the “Children” profile is active). 
     In some embodiments, the first class-based profile is ( 1826 ) based at least in part on an age of the user, the request includes a request to present content including audio, and the respective operation includes presenting audio adjusted for an age of the user (e.g., reducing the maximum volume for a child and/or shifting the audio frequency down for an older adult). For example, in  FIG. 17G , when playing back a video  1714 , in response to receiving the request to play back the video  1714 , while a “Children” profile is active, the device caps the maximum volume level for the audio content in the video  1714  (e.g., indicated by area  1728  in volume slider bar  1726 ) to help prevent hearing damage. 
     In some embodiments, the first class-based profile is ( 1828 ) based at least in part on an age of the user, the request includes a request to present content that includes a visual component, and the respective operation includes adjusting the visual component of the media so that it is easier for the user to see the visual component (e.g., increasing display brightness or contrast, and/or increasing text font size for an older adult). For example, in  FIG. 17I , when displaying document  1732 , in response to receiving the request to display a document, while a “Children” profile or a profile corresponding to seniors is active, the device displays the document at a larger zoom scale or with a larger text font size (e.g., the document with standard sized text is displayed if the “Adults” profile is active, as shown in  FIG. 17H  and the document with larger text is displayed if the “Children” profile is active, as shown in  FIG. 17I ). 
     In some embodiments, when ( 1830 ) the device does not have an active profile that is authorized to perform the one or more operations associated with the request, the respective operation is an error message (e.g., a message indicating that the active profile does not have permission to perform the requested operation such as accessing private information or a secure application such as a banking application). For example, when the device receives a request to display settings user interface  1708  while the “Children” profile is active and “Adults” profile is not active, and thus error message  1710  is displayed ( FIG. 17D ). 
     In some embodiments, in response to receiving the input with the respective input element while the first class-based profile is selected as an active profile, the device performs ( 1832 ) the one or more operations in addition to performing the respective operation (e.g., the device performs the requested operations and customizes the operations based on the active profile, such as by changing the output of the device to be more appropriate for the approximate age of the user). For example, when the device receives a request to play a video  1714  while the “Children” profile is active, the video is played and the maximum volume is capped, as described above with reference to  FIG. 17G . 
     In some embodiments, the request to perform one or more operations includes ( 1834 ) a request to display a form for inputting personal information (e.g., loading an application or webpage that includes form fields for entering personal information such as a username, address, phone number, password, or payment information associated with the first user-specific profile), and the respective operation includes automatically populating the personal information in the form based on information in the first user-specific profile. For example, in  FIG. 17J , in response to receiving a request to display web form  1734 , the device displays web form  1734  and automatically populates fields  1736  with personal information  1738  based on a user-specific profile that is currently active. 
     In some embodiments, the request to perform one or more operations includes ( 1836 ) a request to load a webpage, and the respective operation includes loading the webpage in accordance with a cookie associated with the first user-specific profile. For example, in  FIG. 17K , in response to receiving a request to display web page  1740 , the device displays web page  1740  that is personalized to a user corresponding to a user-specific profile that is currently active based on a cookie associated with the active user-specific profile. In contrast, if a second user-specific profile is an active profile instead of the first user-specific profile being an active profile, the webpage would be loaded in accordance with a different cookie associated with the second user-specific profile. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 18A-18B  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1800  described above with respect to  FIGS. 18A-18B . For example, the fingerprints, gestures, and focus selectors described above with reference to method  1800  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, gestures, and focus selectors described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 19  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1900  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 19  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 19 , an electronic device  1900  includes a display unit  1902 , a respective input element unit  1904  (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface, touchscreen display, mouse, or other input element), a fingerprint sensor unit  1906 , and a processing unit  1908  coupled to the display unit  1902 , the respective input element unit  1904 , and the fingerprint sensor unit  1906 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1908  includes an obtaining unit  1910 , a detecting unit  1912 , a selecting unit  1914 , a performing unit  1916 , a determining unit  1918 , an identifying unit  1920 , and a display enabling unit  1922 . 
     The processing unit  1908  is configured to: obtain a plurality of profiles (e.g., with the obtaining unit  1910 ), where the plurality of profiles includes one or more user-specific profiles and one or more class-based profiles, distinct from the user-specific profiles, that each correspond to a respective class of users; detect a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1906  (e.g., with the detecting unit  1912 ); select one or more class-based profiles associated with the device as active profiles that correspond to the first fingerprint without regard to authentication of the first fingerprint as a previously registered fingerprint (e.g., with the selecting unit  1914 ), including, in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint corresponds to a fingerprint of a user in a first class of users that are associated with a first class-based profile, select the first class-based profile as an active profile; receive an input with the respective input element unit  1904 , where the input corresponds to a request to perform one or more operations at the device; and in response to receiving the input with the respective input element unit  1904  while the first class-based profile is selected as an active profile, perform a respective operation based on the request and the first class-based profile (e.g., with the performing unit  1916 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first class-based profile is selected in accordance with a detected size of the first fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the class-based profile restricts operation of the device for members of the class. 
     In some embodiments, the class-based profile changes functions of the device so as to make the functions more appropriate for members of the class. 
     In some embodiments, the class-based profile is based at least in part on an age of the user, the request includes a request to present content including audio, and the respective operation includes presenting audio adjusted for an age of the user. 
     In some embodiments, the class-based profile is based at least in part on an age of the user, the request includes a request to present content that includes a visual component, and the respective operation includes adjusting the visual component of the media so that it is easier for the user to see the visual component. 
     In some embodiments, when the device does not have an active profile that is authorized to perform the one or more operations associated with the request, the respective operation is an error message. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1908  is configured to, in response to receiving the input with the respective input element unit  1904  while the first class-based profile is selected as an active profile, perform the one or more operations in addition to performing the respective operation (e.g., with the performing unit  1916 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1908  is configured to, after detecting the first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  1906 , determine fingerprint features of the first fingerprint (e.g., with the determining unit  1918 ), identify a previously registered fingerprint matching the fingerprint features of the first fingerprint (e.g., with the identifying unit  1920 ), and select a first user-specific profile associated with the previously registered fingerprint as an active profile (e.g., with the selecting unit  1914 ). 
     In some embodiments, the request to perform one or more operations includes a request to enable display of a form for inputting personal information (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1922 ), and the respective operation includes automatically populating the personal information in the form based on information in the first user-specific profile. 
     In some embodiments, the request to perform one or more operations includes a request to load a webpage, and the respective operation includes loading the webpage in accordance with a cookie associated with the first user-specific profile. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 18A-18B  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 19 . For example, detection operation  1804 , selecting operation  1806 , receiving operation  1822 , and performing operation  1824  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Changing Logging Preferences Based on Fingerprints 
     Many electronic devices log user activity in a variety of ways. For example, some devices log activity such as internet browsing history and/or phone history. As another example, some devices log frequently used words that, despite not corresponding to words in a default dictionary, are nonetheless frequently used by the user (e.g., the word “Vladivostok” may not appear in a standard device dictionary, but will automatically be added if a user from Vladivostok, Russia types the characters “Vladivostok” into a text message a certain number of times). As yet another example, some devices begin logging activity (e.g., activity from a global positioning system, or “GPS”) when the device is determined to be lost or stolen (e.g., at the request of the user through a recovery application). However, many devices (e.g., portable multifunction devices) do not offer convenient ways to change the logging preferences. For example, when a user lends their device to another user, the device will continue to log unwanted browser history, phone history, and autocorrect inputs unless action is taken (e.g., changing settings in a setting menu) prior to the other user&#39;s use of the device. As another example, such devices will often forgo logging recovery data (e.g., GPS data) unless the user has remotely activated a logging feature (e.g., by sending a proper short message service, or “SMS”, message to the device that activates logging operations, by including, for example the text “Find my phone”). 
     In the embodiments described below, an improved method for changing logging preferences is achieved by detecting a fingerprint and determining if the fingerprint corresponds to a known user&#39;s profile. When it is, the user&#39;s profile is set as an active profile and a set of operations (e.g., including logging operations) is performed in accordance with the active profile. When the fingerprint does not correspond to a known user, the active profile is set to a default profile (e.g., a guest profile) and a different set of operations is performed. This method streamlines the process of changing logging preferences. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  20 A- 20 F and  21 A- 21 B includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 20A-20F and 21A-21B  will be discussed with reference to device operations that are performed in response to detecting inputs described in  FIGS. 20A-20F  on a touch screen  112  and/or a fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 20A-20F  on touch screen  112 . However, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  and a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  with an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 20A-20F  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 20A-20F  on display  450 . In some embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. In some embodiments, a visual representation of the focus selector is displayed (e.g., a user interface object to which the focus selector is pointing is visually distinguished from the other user interface objects). 
       FIGS. 20A-20D  illustrate an example of some embodiments in which a device determines that a scanned fingerprint is associated with a user&#39;s profile. 
       FIG. 20A  illustrates an exemplary user interface implemented on a device that changes logging preferences based on fingerprints. In  FIG. 20A , the device is locked, meaning that at least some functionality of the device is unavailable until the device is unlocked by a user (e.g., phone functionality, applications, photos, etc). In this example, the device features a home button  204  that includes an integrated fingerprint sensor  169 . 
       FIG. 20B , a fingerprint  2006  is detected on fingerprint sensor  169 . In this example, detection of a fingerprint that is recognized by the device unlocks the device. In some embodiments, as explained below, when an unrecognized fingerprint is detected, the device unlocks to a default or guest profile. In this example, a visual cue  2004  is provided to indicate that the device is scanning a fingerprint and unlocking the device. In some embodiments, however, the device must be unlocked separately (e.g., through a gesture such as swipe-to-unlock, by entering a password, some combination thereof, or through different unlocking functionality). In some embodiments, the device can be unlocked by several users, each user having a unique user profile. When the device is unlocked by virtue of a fingerprint being recognized as belonging to a respective unique user associated with a unique user profile, the user&#39;s profile is set as an active profile, as explained below. 
     As shown in the example illustrated in  FIG. 20C , the device has determined that the fingerprint is associated with a user John, unlocked the device and set John&#39;s profile as the active profile. In some embodiments, the user profile stores information (e.g., in one or more databases) as to the user&#39;s preferences, settings, browser history, phone history and the like. In some embodiments, when the device determines that scanned fingerprint  2006  belongs to John, the device retrieves John&#39;s preferences, settings, history and the like from the databases from memory and alters the device behavior accordingly. By way of example,  FIG. 20C  illustrate illustrates an input (e.g., contact  2008 ) corresponding to selection of a phone application for placing phone calls. The device responds by loading the phone application, as shown in  FIG. 20D . Because John&#39;s profile is the active profile, a list of John&#39;s recent phone conversations (e.g., user interface objects  2009  representing phone conversation) is displayed to facilitate convenient call back and the ability to dial frequently dialed numbers with ease. 
     In some embodiments, the device stores multiple user profiles. For example, when the device scans a fingerprint and determines that it is associated with a user Jane, who also has a user profile on the device, the device loads Jane&#39;s profile. By way of example, Jane&#39;s recent phone conversations are available to Jane in lieu of John&#39;s when the phone application is selected. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 20A-20B  and  FIG. 20E-20F , the device alters its behavior when a fingerprint is scanned and the device determines that the fingerprint does not correspond to a user with a user profile.  FIGS. 20A-20B  have already been described with reference to the previous example, with the difference that in this example, fingerprint  2006  is not associated with a user&#39;s profile. Thus, as shown in  FIG. 20E , the device welcomes the user as a “Guest User,” indicating that a guest or default profile has been set as the active profile.  FIGS. 20E-20F  offer an example of how, in some embodiments, the device alters its functionality in accordance with a default or guest profile being set as the active profile.  FIG. 20E  illustrates detection of an input (e.g., a contact  2010 ) corresponding selection of the phone application. In contrast to  FIG. 20D , in which an active user&#39;s recent phone conversations were shown, the device in  FIG. 20F  displays a keypad interface for the phone with no recent conversations listed. Thus, an unauthorized user is prohibited from viewing or dialing an authorized user&#39;s frequent contacts. It should be appreciated that the instant disclosure is intended to support a broad range of differences in functionality between an identified user&#39;s profile and a default user&#39;s profile. Some such optional differences in device functionality are described with reference to method  2100  described with reference to  FIGS. 21A-21B . 
       FIGS. 21A-21B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  2100  of changing logging preferences in accordance with some embodiments. The method  2100  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a fingerprint sensor and one or more input elements, including a respective input element. In some embodiments, the device includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface is the respective input element and/or the fingerprint sensor. Some operations in method  2100  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  2100  provides an intuitive way to change logging preferences. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when changing logging preferences, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to change logging preferences faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     A device with a respective input element (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface, a button or a keyboard) and a fingerprint sensor detects ( 2102 ) a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. 
     The device determines ( 2104 ) whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device. In some embodiments, the user profile is a profile from a set of one or more user-specific profiles, generic profiles and other non-default profiles, associated with the device, that are not the default profile. In some embodiments, after detecting the first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor and before determining whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device, the device determines fingerprint features of the first fingerprint and identifies a previously registered fingerprint, if any, that matches or is associated with the fingerprint features of the first fingerprint. When the first fingerprint corresponds to a respective previously registered fingerprint associated with a non-default profile, the device determines that the fingerprint is associated with the respective non-default profile. In contrast, when the first fingerprint does not correspond to a previously registered fingerprint associated with a non-default profile, the device determines that the fingerprint is not associated with any of the non-default profiles. These fingerprint analysis/matching operations are optionally performed at a central processing unit of the device, while in other implementations the fingerprint analysis/matching operations are performed at a secured processing device associated with the fingerprint sensor. These fingerprint analysis/matching operations are optionally performed a specified time (e.g., when unlocking the device, as described with reference to  FIGS. 20A-20C ). In some embodiments, fingerprint analysis and matching is performed whenever a fingerprint is detected and matched to a profile on the fingerprint (e.g., the device is nearly constantly attempting to determine the user). 
     After determining whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device, and in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint is associated with a respective user profile associated with the device, the device sets ( 2106 ) the respective user profile as an active profile. In some embodiments, only one user profile can be an active profile at a time. In some embodiments multiple user profiles can be active profiles at the same time. For example, a user-specific profile and one or more generic profiles are, optionally, selected as active profiles at the same time and the settings and other characteristics associated with multiple active profiles are used by the device to interpret inputs received by device. As discussed previously,  FIGS. 20C-20D  illustrate an example in which the device is set to a single user&#39;s profile (e.g., a user profile belonging to John). 
     Also after determining whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device, and in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint is not associated with any user profile associated with the device, the device sets a default profile as an active profile. In some embodiments, when the default profile is an active profile, it is the only active profile (e.g., any other profile overrides the default profile). As discussed previously,  FIGS. 20E-20F  illustrate an example in which the device is set to a default, or guest, profile. 
     The device receives ( 2108 ) an input with the respective input element, where the input corresponds to a request to perform a requested operation. In some embodiments, the input is received while the respective user profile or the default profile is an active profile (e.g., after the respective user profile or the default profile has been selected as the active profile). In some embodiments, the device determines whether to select the respective user profile or the default profile as the active profile in response to receiving the input. 
     In response to receiving the input with the respective input element, in accordance with a determination that the respective user profile is the active profile, the device performs ( 2110 ) a first set of one or more operations associated with the requested operation in accordance with logging preferences of the respective user profile. Also in response to receiving the input with the respective input element, in accordance with a determination that the default profile is the active profile, the device performs a second set of operations associated with the requested operation in accordance with logging preferences of the default profile. In some embodiments, the logging preferences of a profile correspond to instructions that indicate which activities that are performed on the device are to be logged or otherwise recorded by the device. For example, logging preferences of a first user indicate that browser history is to be tracked and application state information (e.g., open web browser tabs) is to be saved, while default logging preferences indicate that browser history is not to be tracked and that application state information is not to be saved (e.g., open web browser tabs are to be closed when the web browser ceases to be the active application). 
     In some embodiments, performing the first set of operations includes ( 2112 ) logging operations of a first type of operation performed on the device, and performing the second set of operations includes forgoing logging operations of the first type of operation performed on the device that would have been logged in accordance with logging preferences of the respective user profile. Thus, in some embodiments, the device does not log certain activities of temporary/unauthorized users (e.g., so as to avoid cluttering up a browsing history or recent call log of the user with activities of temporary/unauthorized users of the device). 
     In some embodiments, the first type of operations includes ( 2114 ) operations that are used by the device to customize operation of the device based on historical usage patterns of the device (e.g., by a primary user). For example, when the device determines that a temporary/unauthorized user is using the device, the device stops customizing one or more of: autocorrect suggestions, search history, search suggestions, browser history, username/password login information, recently used applications, recently dialed phone numbers, read/unread markers for email and/or read/unread notifications for the device until an authorized user starts to use the device again. In some embodiments, after the authorized user starts using the device again, the device starts logging the first type of operations again. Thus, in some embodiments, for a device with a single primary authorized user, the “learned” customizations of the device that are determined based on usage patterns of the authorized user are not disturbed if the user hands the device to a temporary/unauthorized user such as a friend or family member of the authorized user. Rather, while the device performs the operations requested by the temporary/unauthorized user, the device ignores those inputs for the purpose of customizing the behavior of the device in accordance with historical usage patterns. 
     In some embodiments, performing the second set of operations includes ( 2116 ) logging operations of a second type of operation performed on the device, and performing the first set of operations includes forgoing logging operations of the second type of operation performed on the device that would have been logged in accordance with logging preferences of the default user profile. Thus, in some embodiments, when an unauthorized user is using a device, activities of the unauthorized user are closely monitored by the device. However, when the authorized user is using the device (e.g., as determined by the fingerprints of the authorized user being detected on the fingerprint sensor), this data is not stored so as not to unnecessarily intrude upon the activities of the authorized user. 
     In some embodiments, the second type of operation includes ( 2118 ) operations that assist in performing forensic operations associated with a lost or stolen device (e.g., logging location information, network activity, browsing history, application use, access to private information such as bank account information, email, voicemail, etc.). Thus, in some embodiments, if the device determines that an unauthorized user is using the device, the device optionally begins tracking operations performed by the unauthorized user so that the authorized user can later be informed of the actions of the unauthorized user that may have compromised sensitive information such as financial details, personal emails, and the like. 
     In some embodiments, the second type of operation includes ( 2120 ) operations that assist in locating the device (e.g., logging location information identified from a GPS, WiFi or other sources). Thus, in some embodiments, if the device determines that an unauthorized user is using the device, the device optionally begins tracking the device to aid in recovery of the device. 
     In some embodiments, the device sends (e.g., periodically) to a remote server a log record that includes a representation of the logging operations of the second type of operation. In some embodiments, the log record is accessible (only) to an owner of the device and can be used by the owner to help identify a location of the device so as to aid in recovery of the device. Additionally, in some situations, the log records provide information that aids in determining the identity of the unauthorized user of the device, such as call history, web browsing history, location data, and/or a record of fingerprints detected on the fingerprint sensor. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 21A-21B  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  2100  described above with respect to  FIGS. 21A-21B . For example, the fingerprints, contacts, gestures, and user interface objects, described above with reference to method  2100  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, contacts, gestures, and user interface objects, described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 22  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  2200  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 22  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 22 , an electronic device  2200  includes a fingerprint sensor unit  2202 ; an input unit  2204 ; and a processing unit  2208  coupled to the fingerprint sensor unit  2202  and the input unit  2204 . The electronic device  2200  optionally includes a display unit  2206  configured to enable the display of one or more user interfaces and/or one or more user interface objects. In some embodiments, the processing unit  2208  includes a detecting unit  2210 , a fingerprint determining unit  2212 , one or more respective operation performing units  2214 . In some embodiments, one or more of the respective operation performing units  2214  include one or more logging operation units  2216  (e.g., a GPS logging unit, a browser history logging unit, etc.). 
     The processing unit  2208  is configured to: detect a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  2212  and determine whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device. After determining whether the first fingerprint is associated with a user profile associated with the device, and in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint is associated with a respective user profile associated with the device, the processing unit  2208  is configured to set the respective user profile as an active profile; and, in accordance with a determination that the first fingerprint is not associated with any user profile associated with the device, the processing unit  2208  is configured to set a default profile as an active profile. In response to receiving the input with the respective input unit  2204 , and in accordance with a determination that the respective user profile is the active profile, the processing unit  2208  is configured to perform a first set of one or more operations associated with the requested operation in accordance with logging preferences of the respective user profile; and in accordance with a determination that the default profile is the active profile, the processing unit  2208  is configured to perform a second set of operations associated with the requested operation in accordance with logging preferences of the default profile. 
     In some embodiments, performing the first set of operations includes logging operations (e.g., performed with a logging operation unit  2216 ) of a first type of operation performed on the device; and performing the second set of operations includes forgoing logging operations of the first type of operation performed on the device that would have been logged in accordance with logging preferences of the respective user profile. 
     In some embodiments, the first type of operations include operations that are used by the device to customize operation of the device based on historical usage patterns of the device. 
     In some embodiments, performing the second set of operations includes logging operations of a second type of operation performed on the device (e.g., performed with the same logging operations unit  2216  or, alternatively, a different logging operations unit  2216  than the logging operations unit  2216  used for logging operations of the first set of operations); and performing the first set of operations includes forgoing logging operations of the second type of operation performed on the device that would have been logged in accordance with logging preferences of the default user profile. 
     In some embodiments, the second type of operation includes operations that assist in performing forensic operations associated with a lost or stolen device (e.g., with a GPS logging unit). 
     In some embodiments, the second type of operation includes operations that assist in locating the device (e.g., with a GPS logging unit). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  2208  is further configured to send to a remote server a log record that includes a representation of the logging operations of the second type of operation. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 21A-21B  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 22 . For example, detection operation  2102 , edit determining operation  2104 , and setting operation  2106  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Performing a Respective Restricted Operation Based on Fingerprint-Verification Information 
     Many electronic devices are enabled to perform a restricted operation in response to a user inputting a valid authorization credential (e.g., a password or a swipe pattern). Such devices, however, rely on the restricted operation comparing a previously stored authorization credential with the inputted authorization credential in order to validate the inputted authorization credential. The device described below improves on existing methods by generating fingerprint-verification information (e.g., indicative of a “no match,” a “weak match” or a “strong match”) for a respective fingerprint in accordance with system-level fingerprint-verification criteria. In turn, the device utilizes the pre-computed fingerprint-verification information to determine whether to perform the restricted operation. 
     The device obtains the fingerprint-verification criteria (e.g., indicating how many verified minutia points a fingerprint needs to be assigned a respective confidence level) for controlling verification of fingerprints. Then, the device determines fingerprint-verification information for a respective input corresponding to a respective restricted operation based at least in part on: a comparison between identified fingerprint features of the respective input and fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints; and the fingerprint-verification criteria. The device only performs the respective restricted operation in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information meets operation-specific (or application-specific) authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  FIGS. 23A-23G and 24A-24D  includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 23A-23G and 24A-24D  will be discussed with reference to touch screen  112  and fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ); in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. Analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , and an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 23A-23G  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 23A-23G  on the display  450 . 
       FIG. 23A  illustrates portable multifunction device  100  displaying a user interface  400  on touch screen  112  with a plurality of applications including gaming application  2310  and banking application  2312 .  FIG. 23A  further illustrates home button  204  with fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) integrated into home button  204 . Alternatively or additionally, in some embodiments, a fingerprint sensor is integrated into at least a portion of touch screen  112  (e.g., integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 ). 
       FIG. 23B  illustrates portable multifunction device  100  detecting a user input  2302  over banking application  2312  of user interface  400  on touch screen  112 . User input  2302 , for example, is a user&#39;s right index finger. Access to banking application  2312 , for example, is a restricted operation. 
     In some embodiments, portable multifunction device  100  identifies fingerprint features of user input  2302  while user input  2302  is over banking application  2312  on touch screen  112  via a fingerprint sensor integrated with at least a portion of touch screen  112  (e.g., integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 ). Portable multifunction device  100 , for example, identifies minutia points of user input  2302 , including fingerprint endings, fingerprint ridge bifurcations and short fingerprint ridges. Furthermore, portable multifunction device  100  determines fingerprint-verification information for respective user input  2302  based at least in part on: a comparison between the fingerprint features of the user input  2302  and fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints; and fingerprint-verification criteria. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint-verification criteria specifies a plurality of classifications (or confidence values) for a detected fingerprint based on a percentage of matching minutia points in relation to one or more previously registered fingerprints. For example, user input  2302  is classified into one of three classifications (or confidence values) according to the fingerprint-verification criteria. In this example, the fingerprint-verification information indicates that user input  2302  is a “no match” if 30% or fewer of the detected fingerprint&#39;s minutia points match, a “weak match” if more than 30% and less than 70% of the detected fingerprint&#39;s minutia points match, or a “strong match” if more than 70% of the detected fingerprint&#39;s minutia points match. In some embodiments, a user is enabled to modify the fingerprint-verification criteria by, for example, modifying one or more of the above percentage values relating to a respective one of the three classifications. 
     In some embodiments, portable multifunction device  100  is not configured to identify fingerprint features of user input  2302  while user input  2302  is on touch screen  112 . In other words, portable multifunction device  100  does not have a fingerprint sensor integrated with touch screen  112  (e.g., integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 ). In response to detecting user input  2302  over banking application  2312  (e.g., a restricted operation) on touch screen  112 , portable multifunction device  100  prompts the user to provide a fingerprint on a dedicated fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) integrated with home button  204 . 
       FIG. 23C  illustrates portable multifunction device  100  prompting the user to provide a fingerprint on dedicated fingerprint sensor  169  integrated with home button  204 , in response to detecting input  2302  over banking application  2312  (e.g., a restricted operation) on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 23B .  FIG. 23C  illustrates text box  2304  displayed on user interface  400  of touch screen  112  indicating that fingerprint identification is required for access to banking application  2312 . 
       FIG. 23D  illustrates portable multifunction device  100  detecting a user input  2306  over fingerprint sensor  169  integrated with home button  204 , in response to the prompt in  FIG. 23C . User input  2306 , for example, is a user&#39;s right index finger. Fingerprint sensor  169  identifies fingerprint features of user input  2306  and determines fingerprint-verification information for the respective input based at least in part on: a comparison between the fingerprint features of respective input  2306  and fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints; and fingerprint-verification criteria. 
       FIG. 23E  illustrates text box  2308  displayed on user interface  400  of touch screen  112  indicating that the device is forgoing performing a respective restricted operation (e.g., denying access to banking application  2312 ), in response to detecting user input  2302  in  FIG. 23B , or user input  2306  in  FIG. 23D , and in accordance with a determination that the respective fingerprint-verification information does not meet respective authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation (e.g., operation-specific criteria set by banking application  2312 ). For example, banking application  2312 &#39;s authorization criteria requires a “strong match” to access banking application  2312  (e.g., a secured application), and the fingerprint-verification information corresponding to user input  2302  in  FIG. 23B , or user input  2306  in  FIG. 23D , indicates a “weak match.” In contrast, gaming application  2310 &#39;s authorization criteria requires only a “weak match” to access gaming application  2310  (e.g., an unsecured application). In this example, access to banking application  2312  is denied because the respective fingerprint-verification information does not meet banking application  2312 &#39;s authorization criteria. 
       FIG. 23F  illustrates performing a respective restricted operation (e.g., granting access to and displaying banking application  2312 ) in response to detecting user input  2302  in  FIG. 23B , or user input  2306  in  FIG. 23D , and in accordance with a determination that the respective fingerprint-verification information meets respective authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation. For example, banking application  2312 &#39;s authorization criteria requires a “strong match” to access banking application  2312 , and the fingerprint-verification information corresponding to user input  2302  in  FIG. 23B , or user input  2306  in  FIG. 23D , indicates a “strong match.” In this example, access to banking application  2312  is granted and banking application  2312  is displayed on user interface  400  of touch screen  112  because the respective fingerprint-verification information meets banking application  2312 &#39;s authorization criteria. 
       FIG. 23G  illustrates a schematic diagram of a process  2320  for performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, process  2320  is performed at a portable multifunction device  100  or a component of portable multifunction device  100 . In some embodiments, at least a portion of process  2320  is performed at a component of portable multifunction device  100 . For example, a fingerprint module  2322  is a component of portable multifunction device  100 , and fingerprint module  2322  includes one or more fingerprint sensors  2324  (e.g., including an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  and/or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ), a fingerprint memory  2326  and fingerprint processing logic  2328  coupled to one or more fingerprint sensors  2324  via line  2323  and fingerprint memory  2326  via lines  2325  and  2327 . 
     One or more fingerprint sensors  2324  are configured to identify fingerprint features of a respective input. Fingerprint memory  2326  is configured to store fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints. In some embodiments, fingerprint memory  2326  is further configured to also store fingerprint-verification criteria. Fingerprint processing logic  2328  is configured to determine fingerprint-verification information based at least in part on: fingerprint-verification criteria obtained from fingerprint memory  2326  via line  2325 ; and a comparison of the fingerprint features of the respective input obtained from one or more fingerprint sensors  2324  via line  2323  and fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints obtained from fingerprint memory  2326  via line  2327 . Fingerprint processing logic  2328  is further configured to provide the fingerprint-verification information via line  2337  to respective restricted operation module  2338 . In some embodiments, fingerprint module  2322  consists of secured dedicated computing hardware that has additional security features so as to enhance security of the fingerprint-verification information. 
     In some embodiments, matching fingerprint identification module  2332  of fingerprint processing logic  2328  identifies a matching fingerprint in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria. In some embodiments, best matching fingerprint identification module  2332  of fingerprint processing logic  2328  identifies a best matching fingerprint in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria. Furthermore, in some embodiments, confidence assignment module  2336  assigns a match confidence value to the best matching fingerprint. 
     Respective restricted operation module  2338  (e.g., a banking application) obtains fingerprint-verification information via line  2337  from fingerprint processing logic  2328  and determines via determination module  2340  whether the fingerprint-verification information meets respective authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation. Performance module  2342  performs the restricted operation (e.g., grants access to the banking application) when that the fingerprint-verification information obtained from fingerprint processing logic  2328  meets the respective authorization criteria for the restricted operation. Forgoing module  2344  forgoes performance of the restricted operation (e.g., denies access to the banking application) when the fingerprint-verification information obtained from fingerprint processing logic  2328  does not meet the respective authorization criteria for the restricted operation. 
       FIGS. 24A-24D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  2400  of performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information in accordance with some embodiments. The method  2400  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the fingerprint sensor is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the fingerprint sensor. Some operations in method  2400  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  2400  provides an intuitive way to perform a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when performing a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to perform a respective restricted operation based on fingerprint-verification information faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device obtains ( 2402 ) (e.g., retrieves from memory or receives from a remote computer system) or accesses (e.g., in memory or in one or more instructions of fingerprint module  2322 ) fingerprint-verification criteria for controlling (e.g., determining or generating) verification of fingerprints. For example, the fingerprint-verification criteria sets a number of minutia points of a fingerprint that need to be verified to determine that a detected fingerprint is a previously registered fingerprint and/or the fingerprint-verification criteria sets how many verified minutia points of a fingerprint need to be verified for the fingerprint to be assigned different confidence levels indicative of a confidence of the match between the detected fingerprint and the previously registered fingerprint.  FIG. 23G , for example, shows fingerprint processing logic  2328  obtaining fingerprint-verification criteria from fingerprint memory  2326  via line  2325  for determining fingerprint-verification information. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint-verification criteria includes ( 2404 ) a set of default criteria; and obtaining the fingerprint-verification criteria includes: receiving a criteria-adjustment input from a user indicating a modification to the fingerprint-verification criteria; and in response to receiving the criteria-adjustment input, replacing one or more default criteria with corresponding modified criteria in the fingerprint-verification criteria. For example, while in a user-adjustable settings mode, the device receives a user input specifying the system-level verification criteria. In some embodiments, changing the fingerprint-verification criteria will change which fingerprints are matched with which inputs and/or the confidence level of the matches. Thus, in some embodiments, an input that would have matched with a first fingerprint at a first confidence level using the default fingerprint-verification criteria would instead match the first fingerprint at a second confidence level (different from the first confidence level) using the modified fingerprint-verification criteria. 
     In some circumstances, the fingerprint-verification criteria are adjusted so that a closer match between the respective input and a previously registered fingerprint is required to identify the respective input as matching the previously registered fingerprint or reach a particular confidence level that the respective input matches the previously registered fingerprint. For example, the user increases the security of the device by decreasing the likelihood of false positive matches in exchange for a corresponding increase in the likelihood of false negative matches. In some circumstances, the fingerprint-verification criteria are adjusted (e.g., by reducing a required confidence level for fingerprint matching) so that a less close match between the respective input and a previously registered fingerprint will be accepted to identify the respective input as matching the previously registered fingerprint. For example, the user decreases the security of the device by increasing in the likelihood of false positive matches in exchange for a corresponding decrease in the likelihood of false negative matches. 
     For each of a plurality of respective inputs that correspond ( 2406 ) to respective restricted operations, the device identifies ( 2408 ) fingerprint features of the respective input.  FIG. 23D , for example, shows fingerprint sensor  169  integrated with home button  204  of portable multifunction device  100  identifying fingerprint features of user input  2306 . 
     Furthermore, for each of a plurality of respective inputs that correspond ( 2406 ) to respective restricted operations, the device determines ( 2410 ) fingerprint-verification information for the respective input based at least in part on: a comparison ( 2412 ) between the fingerprint features of the respective input and fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints; and the fingerprint-verification criteria ( 2414 ). As one example, portable multifunction device  100  detects a fingerprint (e.g., user input  2306  in  FIG. 23D ) on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., fingerprint sensor  169  integrated with home button  204  in  FIG. 23D ), identifies features of the fingerprint, and compares the features of the fingerprint with features of previously registered fingerprints. In many circumstances a match between features of a detected fingerprint (e.g., user input  2306  in  FIG. 23D ) and a previously registered fingerprint will not be a perfect match (e.g., the detected fingerprint matches 5 out of 10 minutia points), and thus it is ambiguous whether or not the detected fingerprint matches the previously registered fingerprint. In order to resolve this ambiguity, the device optionally applies fingerprint-verification criteria to the results of the comparison between the features of the detected fingerprint and the features of the previously registered fingerprint. For example, the fingerprint-verification criteria specify that a detected fingerprint that matches 3 or fewer minutia points (30% or fewer) is classified as “not matching,” while a detected fingerprint that matches between 4-6 minutia points (more than 30% and less than 70%) is classified as a “weak match,” and a detected fingerprint that matches 7 or more minutia points (70% or more) is classified as a “strong match.” 
     In some embodiments, the device uses ( 2416 ) the same fingerprint-verification criteria to process fingerprints for multiple different (e.g., sequential) respective inputs. For example, the fingerprint-verification criteria is system-level criteria or operation-independent criteria and is applied to a comparison between the detected fingerprint and the previously registered fingerprints to generate fingerprint-verification information without regard to the operation for which the fingerprint-verification information will be used. 
     In some embodiments, the device determines ( 2418 ) the fingerprint verification information by: identifying minutia points in the respective input; comparing the minutia points identified in the respective input with minutia points in a plurality of candidate fingerprints; and selecting a respective candidate fingerprint with a highest number of matching minutia points as the matching fingerprint. In some embodiments, the minutia points for a fingerprint include one or more of: fingerprint ridge endings, fingerprint ridge bifurcations, and short fingerprint ridges (sometimes called dots). A fingerprint ridge ending is a point at which a fingerprint ridge terminates. A fingerprint ridge bifurcation is a point at which a single fingerprint ridge splits into two fingerprint ridges. A short fingerprint ridge is a ridge that is significantly shorter than an average ridge length of a fingerprint ridge in the fingerprint.  FIG. 23G , for example, shows matching fingerprint identification module  2332  configured to select a respective candidate fingerprint with a highest number of matching minutia points as the matching fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the device determines ( 2420 ) the fingerprint verification information by: identifying minutia points in the respective input; comparing the minutia points identified in the respective input with minutia points in a plurality of candidate fingerprints; and selecting a respective candidate fingerprint with a highest number of matching minutia points as the best matching fingerprint.  FIG. 23G , for example, shows best matching fingerprint identification module  2334  configured to select a respective candidate fingerprint with a highest number of matching minutia points as the best matching fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the device assigns ( 2422 ) a first confidence value to the best matching fingerprint, in accordance with a determination that a first number of minutia points in the respective input match corresponding minutia points in the best matching fingerprint. The device further assigns ( 2424 ) a second confidence value to the best matching fingerprint, in accordance with a determination that a second number of minutia points in the respective input match corresponding minutia points in the best matching fingerprint. The second number of minutia points is greater ( 2426 ) than the first number of minutia points, and the second confidence value indicates ( 2428 ) a closer match between the respective input and the best matching fingerprint than is indicated by the first confidence value.  FIG. 23G , for example, shows confidence value assignment module  2336  configured to assign a respective confidence value to the best matching fingerprint. In some embodiments, when a second number of minutia points in the respective input match corresponding minutia points in the best matching fingerprint, only the second confidence value is assigned to the best matching fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint-verification information includes ( 2430 ) information identifying ( 2432 ) a matching fingerprint determined in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria.  FIG. 23G , for example, shows matching fingerprint identification module  2332  configured to include information identifying a matching fingerprint in the fingerprint-verification information. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint-verification information includes ( 2430 ) information identifying ( 2434 ) a best matching fingerprint of a plurality of previously registered fingerprints, where the best matching fingerprint is identified in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria; and a fingerprint match confidence value indicative of a confidence of a match between the first input and the best matching fingerprint, where the fingerprint match confidence value is determined in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria.  FIG. 23G , for example, shows best matching fingerprint identification module  2334  configured to include information identifying a best matching fingerprint and a match confidence value in the fingerprint-verification information. 
     In response to detecting ( 2436 ) the respective input, the device forgoes ( 2438 ) performance of the respective restricted operation, in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information does not meet the respective authorization criteria for the restricted operation (e.g., operation-specific authorization criteria). For example, the respective authorization criteria indicate which previously registered fingerprints are authorized to perform the respective restricted operation and optionally indicate a minimum confidence level that is to be met in order for the respective restricted operation to be performed.  FIG. 23E , for example, shows portable multifunction device denying access to banking application  2312 , in response to detecting user input  2302  on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 23B , or user input  2306  on fingerprint sensor  169  in  FIG. 23D , and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information (e.g., generated in response to the detection of user input  2302  in  FIG. 23B , or user input  2306  in  FIG. 23D ) does not meet the respective authorization criteria for banking application  2312 . 
     In response to detecting ( 2436 ) the respective input, the device performs ( 2440 ) the respective restricted operation, in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information meets respective authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation.  FIG. 23F , for example, shows portable multifunction device  100  granting access to and displaying banking application  2312  (e.g., the respective restricted operation), in response to detecting user input  2302  on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 23B , or user input  2306  on fingerprint sensor  169  in  FIG. 23D , and in accordance with a determination that the fingerprint-verification information (e.g., generated in response to the detection of user input  2302  in  FIG. 23B , or user input  2306  in  FIG. 23D ) meets the respective authorization criteria for banking application  2312 . 
     For example, after the detected fingerprint has been classified in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria, this fingerprint-verification information (e.g., “no match,” “weak match” or “strong match”) is passed to individual applications to handle in accordance with application-specific or operation-specific authorization criteria. For example in some circumstances, a non-secure application (e.g., an application that relies on the fingerprint-verification information only for user identification), such as gaming application  2310 , uses authorization criteria that only requires a weak match, and thus gaming application  2310  will accept the detected fingerprint as a first fingerprint if the detected fingerprint is classified as either a “weak match” or a “strong match” for the first fingerprint (e.g., in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria). In contrast, in some circumstances, a secure application (e.g., an application that relies on the fingerprint-verification information to determine whether or not to permit access to sensitive information), such as banking application  2312 , uses authorization criteria that requires a strong match, and thus banking application  2312  will only accept the detected fingerprint as a first fingerprint if the detected fingerprint is classified as a “strong match” for the first fingerprint (e.g., in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria). 
     In the example above, gaming application  2310  and banking application  2312  both rely on the pre-computed fingerprint-verification information (e.g., “no match,” “weak match” or “strong match”) generated in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria rather than comparing the detected fingerprint and the previously registered fingerprints directly. As a preliminary matter, performing the comparison process once and providing the pre-computed fingerprint-verification information to multiple applications or processes can substantially decrease the computing resources used by device  100 , thereby increasing the energy efficiency, battery life, and responsiveness of device  100 . Additionally, having the different applications and processes use the pre-computed fingerprint-verification information enables device  100  or the user to easily adjust the security of multiple fingerprint sensitive operations or applications quickly and efficiently by adjusting the fingerprint-verification criteria. 
     For example, device  100  can adjust the fingerprint-verification criteria by increasing the number (or percentage) of minutia point matches needed for a “strong match” of a detected fingerprint with a previously registered fingerprint (e.g., without changing the authorization information for one or more operations or applications), so as to strengthen security of secure applications (e.g., banking application  2312 ) without affecting the ease of use of non-secure applications (e.g., gaming application  2310 ). Similarly, device  100  can adjust the fingerprint-verification criteria by decreasing the number (or percentage) of minutia point matches needed for a “strong match” and/or a “weak match” (e.g., without changing the authorization information for one or more operations or applications), so as to decrease the incidence of false negative matches (e.g., the user may choose to accept weaker security if the device repeatedly fails to correctly identify the user&#39;s fingerprints). 
     In some embodiments, the operation-specific criteria are met ( 2442 ) when the matching fingerprint is ( 2444 ) a fingerprint associated with a user authorized to perform the restricted operation. For example, the matching fingerprint is associated with the user profile of the user who logged into (or unlocked) portable multifunction device  100 . In some embodiments, the operation-specific criteria are met ( 2442 ) when the best matching fingerprint is ( 2446 ) associated with a user authorized to perform the respective restricted operation, and the confidence value is above a confidence threshold associated with the respective restricted operation. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of restricted operations include ( 2448 ): a first restricted operation that is associated with a first confidence threshold; and a second restricted operation that is associated with a second confidence threshold different from the first confidence threshold. Thus, in some embodiments, where the first input includes fingerprint features that match the best matched fingerprint with a confidence value that is above the first confidence threshold and below the second confidence threshold, the first input would enable the user to perform the first restricted operation but would not enable the user to perform the second restricted operation. For example, a confidence threshold for identifying a user for making electronic payments via banking application  2312  is higher than the confidence threshold for identifying a user for gaming application  2310 . Thus a quick, low resolution scan of a user&#39;s fingerprint would suffice for identifying the user for gaming application  2310 , while a more careful, high resolution scan of the user&#39;s fingerprint is, optionally, required to authorize an electronic payment via banking application  2312  for the user. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor is integrated ( 2450 ) into a physical button; in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, the device determines the fingerprint-verification information; and in response to detecting activation of the button, the device performs the respective restricted operation. In some embodiments, the physical button is an intensity-sensitive region of the housing of the device that is determined to have been activated by the device when the intensity detected on the button is increased over an activation intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the physical button is coupled to an electronic switch where movement of the physical button along a first axis (e.g., up and down or left to right) closes the switch and activates the physical button (sometimes resulting in an audible or tactile “click”).  FIG. 23D , for example, shows fingerprint sensor  169  integrated with home button  204 . In response to detecting input  2306  on fingerprint sensor  169  in  FIG. 23D , for example, portable multifunction device  100  determines fingerprint-verification information corresponding to input  2306 . And further, in response to detecting activation of home button  204  (e.g., downward movement of button  204  in  FIG. 23D ), portable multifunction device  100  grants access to banking application  2312  and displays banking application  2312  in  FIG. 23F . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 24A-24D  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  2400  described above with respect to  FIGS. 24A-24D . For example, the inputs fingerprints, contacts described above with reference to method  2400  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the inputs fingerprints, contacts described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 25  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  2500  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 25  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 25 , an electronic device  2500  includes a display unit  2502  configured to display one or more user interface objects, a fingerprint sensor unit  2504 ; and a processing unit  2506  coupled to the display unit  2502  and the fingerprint sensor unit  2504 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  2506  includes an obtaining unit  2508 , an identifying unit  2510 , a determining unit  2512 , an authorizing unit  2514 , a performing unit  2516 , an assigning unit  2518  and a replacing unit  2520 . 
     The processing unit  2506  is configured to obtain (e.g., with obtaining unit  2508 ) or otherwise access fingerprint-verification criteria for controlling verification of fingerprints. For each of a plurality of respective inputs that correspond to respective restricted operations, the processing unit  2506  is further configured to identify (e.g., with identifying unit  2510 ) fingerprint features of the respective input and determine (e.g., with determining unit  2512 ) fingerprint-verification information for the respective input based at least in part on: a comparison between the fingerprint features of the respective input and fingerprint features of one or more previously registered fingerprints; and the fingerprint-verification criteria. In response to detecting the respective input, the processing unit  2506  is configured to: in accordance with a determination (e.g., with authorizing unit  2514 ) that the fingerprint-verification information meets respective authorization criteria for the respective restricted operation, perform (e.g., with performing unit  2516 ) the respective restricted operation; and in accordance with a determination (e.g., with authorizing unit  2514 ) that the fingerprint-verification information does not meet the respective authorization criteria for the restricted operation, forgo performance of the respective restricted operation. 
     In some embodiments, the same fingerprint-verification criteria is used to process fingerprints for multiple different respective inputs. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint-verification information includes information identifying a matching fingerprint determined in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria. 
     In some embodiments, the operation-specific authorization criteria are met when the matching fingerprint is a fingerprint associated with a user authorized to perform the restricted operation. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit is configured to determine the fingerprint verification information by: identifying (e.g., with identifying unit  2510 ) minutia points in the respective input; comparing (e.g., with determining unit  2512 ) the minutia points identified in the respective input with minutia points in a plurality of candidate fingerprints; and selecting (e.g., with determining unit  2512 ) a respective candidate fingerprint with a highest number of matching minutia points as the matching fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint-verification information includes: information identifying a best matching fingerprint of a plurality of previously registered fingerprints, where the best matching fingerprint is identified in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria; and a fingerprint match confidence value indicative of a confidence of a match between the first input and the best matching fingerprint, where the fingerprint match confidence value is determined in accordance with the fingerprint-verification criteria. 
     In some embodiments, the operation-specific authorization criteria are met when: the best matching fingerprint is associated with a user authorized to perform the respective restricted operation; and the confidence value is above a confidence threshold associated with the respective restricted operation. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of restricted operations include: a first restricted operation that is associated with a first confidence threshold; and a second restricted operation that is associated with a second confidence threshold different from the first confidence threshold. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit is configured to determine the fingerprint verification information by: identifying (e.g., with identifying unit  2510 ) minutia points in the respective input; comparing (e.g., with determining unit  2512 ) the minutia points identified in the respective input with minutia points in a plurality of candidate fingerprints; and selecting (e.g., with determining unit  2512 ) a respective candidate fingerprint with a highest number of matching minutia points as the best matching fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit is configured to: in accordance with a determination that a first number of minutia points in the respective input match corresponding minutia points in the best matching fingerprint, assign (e.g., with assigning unit  2518 ) a first confidence value to the best matching fingerprint; and in accordance with a determination that a second number of minutia points in the respective input match corresponding minutia points in the best matching fingerprint, assign (e.g., with assigning unit  2518 ) a second confidence value to the best matching fingerprint, where: the second number of minutia points is greater than the first number of minutia points; and the second confidence value indicates a closer match between the respective input and the best matching fingerprint than is indicated by the first confidence value. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint-verification criteria includes a set of default criteria; and the processing unit  2506  is configured to obtain (e.g., with obtaining unit  2508 ) the fingerprint-verification criteria by: receiving (e.g., with obtaining unit  2508 ) a criteria-adjustment input from a user indicating a modification to the fingerprint-verification criteria; and in response to receiving the criteria-adjustment input, replacing (e.g., with replacing unit  2520 ) one or more default criteria with corresponding modified criteria in the fingerprint-verification criteria. 
     In some embodiments, the fingerprint sensor unit  2504  is integrated into a physical button; the processing unit  2506  is configured to determine (e.g., with determining unit  2512 ) the fingerprint-verification information in response to detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit  2504 ; and the processing unit  2506  is configured to perform (e.g., with the performing unit  2516 ) the respective restricted operation in response to detecting activation of the button. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 24A-24D  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 25 . For example, obtaining operation  2402 , identifying operation  2408 , determining operations  2410 , and performing operation  2440  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Associating Identity and Location Information 
     Many electronic devices allow users to interact with their environment through interactive maps displayed on a display. For example, such electronic devices (e.g., portable multifunction devices) often allow users to indicate their presence at a particular business or well-known landmark on social media sites. In such situations, such electronic devices often display a map on a touch screen display and a user can interact with the map by, for example, tapping on the location of the business or well-known landmark. As another example, such electronic devices often include cameras, and it is desirable to provide users with a convenient way to associate identity and location metadata with photographs taken using the device. For example, in some embodiments, a user can indicate the location of a photograph by tapping on a corresponding location on a map displayed on a touch screen display and by further indicating the identity author and/or the subjects of the photograph through separate inputs. Existing methods of associating identity and location information with, for example, a social media post or as metadata associated with a photograph typically require separate inputs indicating each of identity and location. 
     In the embodiments described below, an improved method for associating identity and location information is achieved by detecting an input that is associated with both a displayed location on a map (e.g., a location that corresponds to a geographic location) and with a fingerprint detected on a fingerprint sensor. The method identifies a user that corresponds to the fingerprint and performs an operation associated with the location and the user, such as posting an indication of the user&#39;s presence at the location to social media or adding metadata indicating the location of a photograph and that the user is a subject and/or author of the photograph. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  26 A- 26 G and  27  includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 26A-26G and 27  will be discussed with reference to device operations that are performed in response to detecting inputs described in  FIGS. 26A-26G  on a fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 26A-26G  on touch screen  112 . However, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  and a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  with an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 26A-26G  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 26A-26G  on display  450 . In some embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. 
       FIG. 26A  illustrates a device displaying a user interface  2601  that includes display of a map. In this example, the user interface is displayed as part of an application that assists users in navigating to local business and landmarks. For example, when the user searches on the term “Gala Coffee” in search bar  2602 , the device returns several results and displays their locations as pin-drops  2604  on user interface  2601 . 
       FIG. 26B  illustrates detection of a contact  2606  on touch screen  112  and detection of a fingerprint  2608  on a separate fingerprint sensor  169 . Contact  2606  is an example of an activation input that triggers an operation of the device that is associated with both the location of contact  2606  on the map (e.g., a physical location corresponding to the displayed location on the map at which contact  2606  is received) as well as the identified fingerprint. In some embodiments (e.g., when touch screen  112  is configured to identify fingerprints), a single contact acts as both an activation input and as an input for which a fingerprint is identified (e.g., a fingerprint is detected corresponding to contact  2606 ). In some embodiments, a fingerprint is detected on separate fingerprint sensor  169  and another type of activation input, such as a speech input, is detected by the device and associated with a particular location on the map, as described in greater detail with respect to  FIG. 27 . 
       FIGS. 26C-26G  illustrate examples of various operations that the device performs according to some embodiments. As noted above, these operations are associated with both the location of contact  2606  on the map as well as the identified fingerprint. It should be understood that the present disclosure is intended to support a broad range of operations that are associated with a location and identity, and that the operations shown in  FIGS. 26C-26G  are merely exemplary. 
       FIG. 26C  illustrates an example in which the operation includes indicating the presence of the user (e.g., the user whose fingerprint was identified) at a particular “Gala Coffee” store. In this example, the user has selected a particular pin-drop corresponding to the particular Gala Coffee shop  2604 - 2 . In some embodiments, the device displays a confirmation message  2605  asking the user to confirm that they want to “Check in” at the particular “Gala Coffee” and identifying the address of the location of the check in. For example, activating the “CHECK IN” affordance in confirmation message  2605  will cause the device to post the user&#39;s presence on a social media website. 
       FIG. 26D  illustrates an alternate (or in some circumstances, additional) example of an operation that the device performs in response to contact  2606 , in accordance with some embodiments. As was the case in  FIG. 26C , the user has selected a pin-drop corresponding to the “Gala Coffee”  2604 - 2  store. However, in this example, the device responds by prompting the user to submit a payment amount through payment prompt  2610 . The user can enter an amount using keypad  2612  within prompt  2610  and then select “CONFIRM” button  2614  to submit the payment. In some embodiments, a user can link different accounts to different fingers. For example, a right thumb fingerprint will cause payment to be submitted through the user&#39;s debit accord whereas a left index fingerprint will cause payment to be submitted through the user&#39;s credit account. 
       FIGS. 26E-26G  illustrate an alternate example of a device operation performed in response to a contact  2616 , in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG. 26E  illustrates display of a photograph  2615  of the Golden Gate Bridge taken from a location in San Francisco, Calif. In some circumstances, photograph  2615  is a photograph that was previously taken by the device (e.g., when the device is equipped with a camera phone). In some circumstances, photograph  2615  is a photograph that was previously taken by a different device and transmitted to the device (e.g., over a network, by email, downloaded from the internet, etc.). As shown in  FIG. 26E , the device optionally displays a prompt asking the user if the user would like to add metadata (in this example, location and author data) to the photo.  FIG. 26E  also illustrates detection of a contact  2616  indicating in the affirmative that the user would like to association location and author metadata with photograph  2615 . 
       FIG. 26F  continues the example illustrated in  FIG. 26E . Upon selection of the “YES” affordance in  FIG. 26E  via contact  2616 , the device displays a map  2618  for associating metadata including location information (e.g., geotagging) with photograph  2615 . The device detects a contact  2620  at a location on the map that has special significance for the photograph (e.g., where the photograph was taken). The device also detects a fingerprint  2622  on fingerprint sensor  169  corresponding to a user and identifies a user to whom it belongs. As shown in  FIG. 26G , the device associates data associated with both the location on map  2618  of contact  2620  (in this case, the coordinate location of the Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco, Calif.), as well as the identity of the user to whom fingerprint  2622  belongs (e.g., Joseph Strauss, as shown in  FIG. 26G ). 
       FIG. 27  is a flow diagram illustrating a method  2700  of associating identity and location information in accordance with some embodiments. The method  2700  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  2700  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, method  2700  provides an intuitive way to associate identity and location information. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when associating identity and location information, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to associate identity and location information faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device displays ( 2702 ) a map on a display of an electronic device with a fingerprint sensor ( 2702 ). For example,  FIG. 26A  illustrates a device with a fingerprint sensor  169  displaying a map. 
     The device detects ( 2704 ) an activation input, the activation input being associated with a displayed location on the map that corresponds to a respective geographic location and a fingerprint detected on the fingerprint sensor. For example, the activation input is performed while a focus selector is at the displayed location on the map in order to associate the activation input with the displayed location on the map and the corresponding geographic location (e.g., contact  2606  in  FIG. 26B ). In some embodiments, the activation input is associated with the fingerprint detected on the fingerprint sensor in accordance with a determination that the activation input is performed while the fingerprint is detected on the fingerprint sensor. 
     In some embodiments, the activation input is a speech input. For example, while displaying the map shown in  FIG. 26A  and detecting the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, the user will say “I&#39;m at Gala Coffee on 1st and Cedar,” which the device will interpret as an activation input for the particular Gala Coffee (represented by pin-drop  2604 - 1 ) at the intersection of East 1st Street and East Cedar Street. In some embodiments, the activation input is a speech input that corresponds to a request for the device to use location determination functionality of the device to determine the user&#39;s location. For example, while (or after, or before) fingerprint  2608  is detected, the user will say “Use my current location,” and the device will determine the user&#39;s current location (e.g., using global positioning system software and/or hardware). Alternatively, the user will say “I&#39;m at Gala Coffee,” or “Check in at Gala Coffee” and the device will recognize the input as a request to check in the identified user at the nearest Gala Coffee (e.g., the Gala Coffee represented by pin-drop  2604 - 1  when the device determines that user is located at the intersection of East 1st Street and East Cedar Street). 
     In some embodiments, the activation input is detected ( 2706 ) on a touch-sensitive surface different from the fingerprint sensor (e.g., the activation input is detected on a portion of a touchpad or touch screen display that does not include an integrated fingerprint sensor, the activation input occurring concurrently or substantially concurrently with a fingerprint being placed on the integrated fingerprint sensor, as shown in  FIGS. 26A-26G ). 
     In some embodiments, the activation input is detected ( 2708 ) on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., the activation input is detected on a portion of a touchpad or touch screen display that includes an integrated fingerprint sensor, and the integrated fingerprint sensor is used to identify the user that corresponds to the fingerprint). 
     In response to detecting the activation input ( 2710 ), the device identifies ( 2712 ) a user that corresponds to the fingerprint (e.g., identifying a user profile that includes a previously registered fingerprint that matches the fingerprint detected on the fingerprint sensor). The device then performs ( 2714 ) an operation associated with the respective geographic location and the user. 
     In some embodiments, the operation associated with the respective geographic location and the user includes ( 2716 ) generating a message indicating the (virtual or physical) presence of the user at the respective geographic location (e.g., the user can “check in” to a geographic location such as a restaurant, store, park, or other place of business by selecting a location on the map that corresponds to the place of business while simultaneously having a fingerprint on a fingerprint sensor, as shown in  FIGS. 26A-26C ). In some embodiments, the generated message indicates that the user is currently physically present at the respective geographic location. In some embodiments, the generated message indicates that the user was previously physically present or will be physically present at the respective geographic location in the future. In some embodiments, the message indicating the presence of the user indicates an actual physical presence of the user at the location (e.g., the user checks in at a restaurant while the user is eating at the restaurant to indicate that the user is eating at the restaurant). In some embodiments, the message indicating the presence of the user indicates a virtual presence of the user (e.g., the user checks in at a restaurant to request a reservation at the restaurant or indicate that the user has made a reservation at the restaurant, or the user checks in at a location where a meeting is occurring even though the user is participating in the meeting remotely via phone or video conference). 
     In some embodiments, the operation associated with the geographic location and the user includes ( 2718 ) authorizing a payment from the user to a business at the respective geographic location (e.g., a step in authorizing a payment to a store is to select a location on the map that corresponds to the location of the store while a fingerprint is on a fingerprint sensor, as shown in  FIG. 26D ). 
     In some embodiments, the operation associated with the geographic location and the user includes ( 2720 ) adding metadata to media, the metadata indicating that the media is associated with the respective geographic location and the user (e.g., geotagging a photo taken by the user or of the user by adding metadata to the photo that indicates both a location where the photo was taken and that the user took the photo or appears in the photo, as shown in  FIGS. 26E-26G ). 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIG. 27  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  2700  described above with respect to  FIG. 27 . For example, the fingerprints, inputs, maps, and focus selectors described above with reference to method  2700  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, inputs, maps, and focus selectors described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 28  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  2800  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 28  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 28 , an electronic device  2800  includes a display unit  2802  configured to display a user interface including a map, a fingerprint sensor unit  2806 ; and a processing unit  2808  coupled to the display unit  2802  and the fingerprint sensor unit  2806 . In some embodiments, the device includes a touch-sensitive surface unit  2804  with an incorporated fingerprint sensor unit  2806 - 1 . In such embodiments, the processing unit is coupled to the touch-sensitive surface unit  2804  together with the fingerprint sensor unit  2804 - 1 . In some embodiments, the device includes a separate fingerprint sensor unit  2806 - 2 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  2808  includes a detecting unit  2810 , an identifying unit  2812 , and a performing unit  2814 . 
     The processing unit  2808  is configured to detect an activation input, the activation input being associated with a displayed location on the map that corresponds to a respective geographic location and a fingerprint detected on the fingerprint sensor unit  2806 . In response to detecting the activation input: the processing unit  2808  is configured to identify a user that corresponds to the fingerprint and perform an operation associated with the respective geographic location and the user. 
     In some embodiments, the activation input is detected on a touch-sensitive surface unit  2804  different from the fingerprint sensor unit  2804 . 
     In some embodiments, the activation input is detected on the fingerprint sensor unit  2804 . 
     In some embodiments, the operation associated with the respective geographic location and the user includes generating a message indicating the presence of the user at the respective geographic location, as discussed in more detail above. 
     In some embodiments, the operation associated with the geographic location and the user includes authorizing a payment from the user to a business at the respective geographic location, as discussed in more detail above. 
     In some embodiments, the operation associated with the geographic location and the user includes adding metadata to media, the metadata indicating that the media is associated with the respective geographic location and the user, as discussed in more detail above. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIG. 27  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 28 . For example, display operation  2702 , detecting operation  2704 , and identifying operation  2712  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Assigning Workspaces to Users 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that allow users to perform a variety of functions and operations associated with the respective user interfaces (e.g., data storage options, text editing applications, drawing applications, and the like). Furthermore, many electronic devices are shared between two or more users. While interacting with such shared devices, a user frequently desires to create and define a personal workspace or work area with custom-defined functions and operations (e.g., a custom list of applications, personal data storage space, custom data formatting options such as user-specified text fonts, line widths, drawing options and the like) based on the user&#39;s own preferences. 
     Some approaches for users to create their own personal workspace on a shared device include creation of separate user accounts (e.g., with separate user names and passwords to associate users to their respective accounts). The users can then log into their respective accounts using their respective user names and passwords. These approaches are limited in a manner that only one user would be able to log into his or her respective account at any given time on the shared device, thereby making it difficult for multiple users to concurrently access their accounts on the same shared device. Additionally, these approaches require navigation through a hierarchy of menus and settings to switch between workspaces which can be confusing and time-consuming for users. 
     The disclosed embodiments provide a convenient and efficient method of partitioning a shared workspace on a multifunction device by enabling a user to define a area on a display of the multifunction device by using one or more contacts to define the perimeter or boundary of the area. Based at least on a fingerprint detected in the one or more contacts used by the user to define the area, the device associates the area with the respective user and associates the area with the user&#39;s personal preferences and settings. As a result, one or more users can quickly and efficiently define respective workspaces or work areas on the same physical device and have their custom settings associated with the respective workspaces based on fingerprint identification of the users. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  29 A- 29 S and  30 A- 30 B includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 29A-29S and 30A-30B  will be discussed with reference to display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  and a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 29A-29S  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 29A-29S  on the display  450 . Additionally, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a touch screen  112  in response to detecting the contacts described in  FIGS. 29A-29S  on a fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 29A-29S  on the touch screen  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a displayed cursor. 
       FIG. 29A  illustrates a first user interface (e.g., an application launch user interface or a home screen interface), with user selectable icons (e.g., user-selectable icons  424 - 446  corresponding to a plurality of launchable applications), that is displayed on a display  2900  of a portable multi-function device  100 . In some embodiments, display  2900  is a touch-sensitive display with an array of touch sensors that are responsive to touch. In some embodiments, the array of touch sensors is in a plane coincident (e.g., collocated or co-planar) with a plane that defines the display elements forming display. A combined display  2900  and touch-sensitive surface is sometimes referred to herein as a touch screen  112 . In some embodiments, the device includes a touch sensitive surface (e.g., in a plane coincident, collocated or coplanar with the display) with an array of touch sensors that are responsive to touch and the touch sensitive surface includes a fingerprint sensing capability (e.g., the touch sensitive surface includes an array of fingerprint sensors capable of detecting fingerprints with high spatial precision). Thus, in some embodiments, the device is capable of detecting one or more fingerprints on the touch sensitive surface and optionally associating the one or more fingerprints with one or more corresponding users of the device. 
       FIGS. 29A-29B  illustrate detecting a first set of one or more inputs (e.g., including one or more contacts with one or more corresponding fingerprints) on the touch screen  112  that define a first area (e.g., delineate a first perimeter that bounds a first area) on the touch screen  112 .  FIGS. 29A-29B  further illustrate determining that a first contact in the one or more contacts includes a first fingerprint associated with a first user. Accordingly,  FIGS. 29A-29B  illustrate that the device associates the first area with the first user (e.g., as a workspace for the first user with custom work settings specific to the first user). 
     As shown in  FIG. 29A , the device detects a first set of one or more inputs including contacts with corresponding fingerprints  2902 - a ,  2902 - b ,  2902 - c , and  2902 - d ) on the touch screen  112  of device  100 . The first set of inputs (e.g., including corresponding fingerprints  2902 - a ,  2902 - b ,  2902 - c , and  2902 - d ) define a (e.g., substantially rectangular) perimeter that forms the border or boundary of a first (e.g., substantially rectangular) area on the touch screen surface of the device. As shown in  FIG. 29B , the device determines that one or more of the fingerprints  2902 - a ,  2902 - b ,  2902 - c , and  2902 - d  is associated with a first user (e.g., Jim). Accordingly, the device associates (e.g., designates) the first area of the touch screen  112  with the first user (e.g., based on a comparison of the detected fingerprints with fingerprint features of fingerprints of the user that determines that the detected fingerprints match fingerprints of the user). For example, the first area is a workspace that is designated to Jim and includes Jim&#39;s preferred (e.g., custom-defined) applications (e.g., and corresponding application launch icons). As shown in  FIG. 29B , a user has the improved convenience of carving out, outlining or designating his or her personal workspace (e.g., from a shared workspace), on a multifunction device, with his or her custom preferred settings, simply by using one or more inputs (e.g., with one or more contacts having one or more corresponding fingerprints) to define the boundary or perimeter of an area for the personal workspace. 
     Along similar lines,  FIG. 29C  illustrates a second user interface (e.g., a notepad or text editing application user interface) with a list of notes (e.g., most recently created or edited notes by one or more users), in a common workspace, that is displayed on touch screen  112  of a portable multi-function device  100 .  FIGS. 29C-29D  illustrate detecting a first set of one or more inputs (e.g., including one or more fingerprints  2906 - a ,  2906 - b ,  2906 - c , and  2906 - d ) associated with a first user (e.g., Mark) on the touch screen  112 , where the first set of one or more inputs defines a first area. 
     As shown in  FIG. 29D , the first set of one or more inputs is associated with (e.g., defines the boundary or perimeter of) a first area (e.g., rectangular text editing workspace  2908 ) associated with the first user (e.g., with Mark) based at least on determining that the first set of inputs includes one or more fingerprints corresponding to the first user. As shown in  FIG. 29D , text entered by the first user in the first area (e.g., the new note by Mark entered by way of a second set of one or more inputs) is associated with a first operation (e.g., text entered in the first area is displayed and formatted in accordance with custom settings such as font, text size, formatting and the like) based on the preferences of the first user (e.g., Mark). As shown in  FIGS. 29E-29F , the device detects a third set of one or more inputs (e.g., contact  2910 ) on the touch screen  112  outside the first area (e.g., outside the rectangular text editing workspace  2908 ). If the device detected inputs corresponding to creating a new note that were not associated with the area of the display, then the new note would be generated using default preferences (e.g., different font, text size and formatting preferences). As shown in  FIGS. 29E-29F  in accordance with a determination that the third set of one or more inputs (e.g., contact  2910 ) is outside the first area, the device performs a second operation (e.g., minimizes the new note by Mark to redisplay the list of recently created or edited notes). 
     Thus, in some embodiments, after carving out, outlining, defining, or designating his or her personal workspace (e.g., from a shared workspace), on a multifunction device, the user has the improved convenience of performing a first operation (e.g., in accordance with or associated with his or her custom preferred settings) simply by placing one or more contacts inside the first area (e.g., corresponding to his or her personal workspace); and of performing a second operation (e.g., dismissing the personalized workspace or generating a new note in accordance with default preferences) by placing one or more contacts outside the first area. 
     As yet another example,  FIG. 29G  illustrates a third user interface (e.g., a drawing application user interface), with a common shared (e.g., between one or more users) workspace for creating drawings, that is displayed on touch screen  112  of portable multi-function device  100 .  FIG. 29H  illustrates detecting a first set of one or more inputs (e.g., including one or more fingerprints  2912 - a ,  2912 - b ,  2912 - c , and  2912 - d ) associated with a first user (e.g., Mark) on the touch screen  112 . As shown in  FIG. 29I , the first set of one or more inputs defines a first area (e.g., rectangular drawing workspace  2913 ) associated with the first user (e.g., with Mark) based at least on determining that the first set of inputs includes one or more fingerprints corresponding to the first user (e.g., corresponding to Mark). 
       FIGS. 29J-29K  further illustrate detecting a second set of one or more inputs (e.g., a contact  2914 ) on the touch screen  112  within the first area (e.g., within Mark&#39;s rectangular drawing workspace  2913 ) and attributing the contact to the first user. For example, upon detecting contact  2914  within Mark&#39;s drawing workspace  2913 , the device performs a first operation in accordance with custom settings associated with the first user (e.g., the device fills in the shape and outlines the shape drawn in the first area, by movement of contact  2914 , based on Mark&#39;s preferences or custom settings such as color preferences, boundary settings and the like). On the other hand, as shown in  FIGS. 29K-29L  the device detects a third set of one or more inputs (e.g., a contact  2916 ) on the touch screen  112  outside the first area (e.g., outside Mark&#39;s rectangular drawing workspace  2913 ) and performs a second operation (e.g., in accordance with or associated with default settings, such as default color or fill and boundary settings that are distinct from Mark&#39;s custom settings as shown in  FIG. 29L ). 
     As shown in  FIGS. 29M-29Q , while the first area is associated with the first user, a fourth set of one or more inputs (e.g., including one or more instances of a moving fingerprint  2918 ) associated with a second user (e.g., Jane) is detected on the touch screen  112 . As shown in  FIGS. 29M-29Q , the fourth set of one or more inputs defines a second area (e.g., rectangular drawing workspace  2919 ) associated with the second user (e.g., with Jane) based at least on determining that the fourth set of inputs includes one or more fingerprints (e.g., fingerprint  2918 ) corresponding to the second user (e.g., corresponding to Jane). As shown in  FIG. 29Q , the second area (e.g., rectangular drawing workspace  2919 ) is proximate to the vertical right edge of the display (e.g., with reference to the orientation of the device shown in  FIG. 29Q ). Accordingly, the second area (including one or more user interface objects in the second area) is oriented using the vertical right edge of the display as the bottom of the second area display. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 29R-29S , the device detects a second set of one or more inputs (e.g., a contact  2920 ) on the touch screen  112  within the second area (e.g., within Jane&#39;s rectangular drawing workspace  2919 ) and attributes the contact  2920  to the second user (e.g., to Jane). For example, upon detecting contact  2919  within Jane&#39;s drawing workspace  2919 , the device performs a second operation in accordance with custom settings associated with the second user (e.g., the device fills in the shape and outlines the shape drawn in the second area by movement of contact  2919  based on Jane&#39;s preferences or custom settings such as color, boundary settings and the like). As shown in  FIG. 29S , Jane&#39;s preferences specify a thinner line width and a lighter fill for objects than the line width and fill specified by Mark&#39;s preferences. 
     Thus, in some embodiments, after a first user defines his or her personal workspace (e.g., from a shared workspace) on a multifunction device, a second user can concurrently define his or her own workspace (e.g., distinct from the workspace of the first user). As a result, two or more users can simultaneously share a workspace on a multifunction device by partitioning it into their respective work areas using a perimeter defined by their respective finger contacts; the device then associates the respective work areas of the individual users with the respective users based on their respective fingerprints. In some embodiments, the separate workspaces correspond to different documents (e.g., a drawing document for Mark and a separate drawing document for Jane, so that when areas  2913  and  2919  are dismissed, the objects drawn by Mark and Jane will be saved in separate documents associated with the respective user who drew the object). In some embodiments, the separate workspaces correspond to different workspaces in the same document (e.g., Mark and Jane are making contributions to different portions of the same document, so that when areas  2913  and  2919  are dismissed, the objects drawn by Mark and Jane will continue to be shown in the same document). 
       FIGS. 30A-30B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  3000  of assigning associating areas of a touch-sensitive surface with one or more users in accordance with some embodiments. The method  3000  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  3000  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  3000  provides an intuitive way to associating areas of a touch-sensitive surface with one or more users. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when selecting a workspace, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to select or self-designate a workspace faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device detects ( 3002 ) a first set of one or more inputs on the touch-sensitive surface that define a first area of the touch-sensitive surface. For example, the device detects a user outlining an area of the touch-sensitive surface with a finger (e.g., as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29M-29P ) or detects a user placing 2, 3 or 4 fingers on the display simultaneously to identify corners of a workspace (e.g., as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29A, 29C, and 29H ). In some embodiments, the first area of the touch-sensitive surface is ( 3004 ) an area of a touchscreen display (e.g., first area  2904 ,  FIG. 29B ; first area  2908 ,  FIG. 29D ; first area  2913 ,  FIG. 5I ). 
     After detecting ( 3006 ) the first set of one or more inputs (e.g., in response to detecting the first set of one or more inputs): the device determines ( 3008 ) that the first set of one or more inputs includes a first contact that includes a first fingerprint associated with a first user (e.g., fingerprints  2902 - a ,  2902 - b ,  2902 - c , and  2902 - d  associated with Jim,  FIGS. 29A-29B ; fingerprints  2906 - a ,  2906 - b ,  2906 - c , and  2906 - d  associated with Mark,  FIGS. 29C-29D ; fingerprints  2912 - a ,  2912 - b ,  2912 - c , and  2912 - d  associated with Mark,  FIGS. 29H-29I ). The device associates ( 3010 ) the first area of the touch-sensitive surface with the first user based at least in part on the determination that the first set of one or more inputs includes the first contact that includes the first fingerprint associated with the first user (e.g., first area  2904  associated with Jim,  FIG. 29B ; first area  2908  associated with Mark,  FIG. 29D ; first area  2913  associated with Mark,  FIG. 29I ). Thus, in some embodiments, a user is able to select a portion of a shared workspace on the touch-sensitive surface as the user&#39;s workspace by tracing an outline of an area in the shared workspace using one or more contacts that include fingerprints associated with the user. The user is then able to use this individual workspace to perform user-specific operations that are associated with the user (e.g., use custom applications as explained with reference to  FIG. 29B ; use a custom fonts and letter sizes as explained with reference to  FIG. 29D ; use a custom line width and boundary setting and shape color or fill as explained with reference to  FIG. 29K ). 
     In some embodiments, after associating the first area of the touch-sensitive surface with the first user, the device displays ( 3012 ) a visual indication of extent of the first area. For example, the device displays a border around the first area (e.g., a border around first area  2904  associated with Jim,  FIG. 29B ; or around first area  2908  associated with Mark,  FIG. 29D ; or around first area  2913  associated with Mark,  FIG. 29I ). 
     In some embodiments, while the first area of the touch-sensitive surface is associated ( 3014 ) with the first user, the device performs one on more steps described with reference to operations  3016 - 3034 . The device detects ( 3016 ) a second set of one or more inputs within the first area. The device attributes ( 3018 ) the second set of one or more inputs to the first user. For example, the device performs one or more operations in response to detecting the second set of one or more inputs within the first area, stores data generated in accordance with the second set of one or more inputs in a storage location associated with the first user or otherwise treats the second set of one or more inputs as though they are inputs from the first user. In some embodiments, the second set of one or more inputs are attributed to the first user based on the location of the inputs in the first area without requiring other indications that the second set of one or more inputs correspond to the user. For example, the device does not identify fingerprints of contacts in the second set of one or more inputs. Instead, gestures that occur in the first area are assumed to be inputs by the first user. 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 3020 ) a third set of one or more inputs. In response to detecting ( 3022 ) the third set of one or more inputs: in accordance with a determination that the third set of one or more inputs are detected within the first area, the device performs a first operation (e.g., the device performs a text editing operation in accordance with the first user&#39;s font preferences as explained with reference to  FIG. 29D ; or upon detecting contact  2914  within the first area  2913 , the device uses the first user&#39;s custom line width and shape fill for a drawing, as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29J-29K ); and in accordance with a determination that the third set of one or more inputs are detected outside of the first area, the device performs a second operation different from the first operation (e.g., upon detecting contact  2910  outside the first area  2908 , the device minimizes the new note created by the first user and redisplays a list of recently created or edited notes, explained with reference to  FIG. 29E ; upon detecting contact  2916  outside the first area  2913 , the device uses a default line width and shape fill for a drawing, as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29K-29L ). For example, inputs within the first area are translated into visual elements in accordance with user preferences of the first user (e.g., text font preference, text color preference, line color/width preference, custom dictionary or autocorrect options, or custom application toolbar settings associated with the first user), while inputs outside of the first area are translated into visual elements in accordance with default user preferences (e.g., default text font preference, default text color preference, default line color/width preference, default dictionary or autocorrect options, or default application toolbar settings). 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 3024 ) a fourth set of one or more inputs on the touch-sensitive surface that define a second area of the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., movement of contact including fingerprint  2918  that defines second area  2919 ,  FIG. 29Q ). For example, the device detects a second user outlining an area of the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29M-29Q ) with a finger or placing 2, 3 or 4 fingers on the display simultaneously to identify corners of a workspace for the second user. The device determines ( 3026 ) that the fourth set of one or more inputs includes a second contact that includes a second fingerprint associated with a second user (e.g., fingerprint  2918  associated with Jane,  FIG. 29Q ). The device associates ( 3028 ) the second area of the touch-sensitive surface with the second user based at least in part on the determination that the fourth set of one or more inputs includes the second contact that includes the second fingerprint associated with the second user (e.g., the device associated second area  2919  with Jane based at least on determining that fingerprint  2918  is associated with Jane). In some embodiments, the second area of the touch-sensitive surface is distinct from (e.g., non-overlapping with) the first area of the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, while the first area of the touch-sensitive surface is associated with the first user and the second area of the touch-sensitive surface is associated with the second user, the device detects ( 3030 ) a fifth set of one or more inputs. In response to detecting the fifth set of one or more inputs: in accordance with a determination ( 3032 ) that the fifth set of one or more inputs are detected within the first area, the device performs a first operation (e.g., upon detecting contact  2914  within the first area  2913 , the device uses custom settings for line width or shape fill based on Mark&#39;s preferences, as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29J-29K ); and in accordance with a determination that the fifth set of one or more inputs are detected within the second area, the device performs a second operation different from the first operation (e.g., upon detecting contact  2920  within the second area  2919 , the device uses custom settings for line width or shape fill based on Jane&#39;s preferences, as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29R-29S ). For example, inputs within the first area are translated into visual elements in accordance with user preferences of the first user (e.g., text markup color, text font preference, text color preference, line color/width preference, custom dictionary or autocorrect options, and/or custom application toolbar settings associated with the first user), while inputs within the second area are translated into visual elements in accordance with user preferences of the second user (e.g., text markup color, text font preference, text color preference, line color/width preference, custom dictionary or autocorrect options, and/or custom application toolbar settings associated with the second user). 
     In some embodiments, the first area is proximate to a first edge of the display (e.g., first area  2913  is proximate to the horizontal lower edge of the display with reference to the orientation of the device shown in  FIGS. 29G-29S ); one or more first user interface objects displayed in the first area are oriented using the first edge as the bottom of the display (e.g., Mark&#39;s drawing workspace is oriented using the horizontal lower edge as the bottom, as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29I-29L ); the second area is proximate to a second edge of the display, different from the first edge of the display (e.g., second area  2919  is proximate to the vertical right edge of the display with reference to the orientation of the device shown in  FIGS. 29G-29S ); and one or more second user interface objects displayed in the second area are oriented using the second edge as the bottom of the display (e.g., Jane&#39;s drawing workspace is oriented using the vertical right edge as the bottom, as explained with reference to  FIGS. 29Q-29S ). For example, the device orients text/graphical objects in the first area so that “bottoms” of objects/text are towards an edge of the display closest to the first area. Similarly, the device orients text/graphical objects in the second area so that “bottoms” of objects/text are towards an edge of the display closest to the second area. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 30A-30B  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  3000  described above with respect to  FIGS. 30A-30B . For example, the fingerprints, contacts, user interface objects, inputs, visual indications described above with reference to method  3000  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, contacts, user interface objects, inputs, visual indications described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 31  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  3100  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 31  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 31 , an electronic device  3100  includes a display unit  3102  configured to display one or more user interface objects, a touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  configured to receive a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104 , a fingerprint sensor unit  3106 ; and a processing unit  3108  coupled to the display unit  3102 , the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104 , and the fingerprint sensor unit  3106 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  3108  includes a detecting unit  3110 , a determining unit  3112 , an associating unit  3114 , a display enabling unit  3116 , an attributing unit  3118 , and a performing unit  3120 . 
     The processing unit  3108  is configured to: detect a first set of one or more inputs on the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  that define a first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  (e.g., with the detecting unit  3110 ); and after detecting the first set of one or more inputs: determine that the first set of one or more inputs includes a first contact that includes a first fingerprint associated with a first user (e.g., with the determining unit  3112 ); and associate the first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  with the first user based at least in part on the determination that the first set of one or more inputs includes the first contact that includes the first fingerprint associated with the first user (e.g., with the associating unit  3114 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  is an area of a touchscreen display. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3108  is configured to, after associating the first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  with the first user, enable display of a visual indication of extent of the first area (e.g., with the display enabling unit  3116 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3108  is configured to, while the first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  is associated with the first user: detect a second set of one or more inputs within the first area (e.g., with the detecting unit  3110 ); and attribute the second set of one or more inputs to the first user (e.g., with the attributing unit  3118 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3108  is configured to: while the first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  is associated with the first user, detect a third set of one or more inputs (e.g., with the detecting unit  3110 ); and in response to detecting the third set of one or more inputs: in accordance with a determination that the third set of one or more inputs are detected within the first area, perform a first operation (e.g., with the performing unit  3120 ); and in accordance with a determination that the third set of one or more inputs are detected outside of the first area, perform a second operation different from the first operation (e.g., with the performing unit  3120 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3108  is configured to: while the first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  is associated with the first user, detect a fourth set of one or more inputs on the touch-sensitive surface unit that define a second area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  (e.g., with the detecting unit  3110 ); determine that the fourth set of one or more inputs includes a second contact that includes a second fingerprint associated with a second user (e.g., with the determining unit  3112 ); and associate the second area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  with the second user based at least in part on the determination that the fourth set of one or more inputs includes the second contact that includes the second fingerprint associated with the second user (e.g., with the associating unit  3114 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3108  is configured to: while the first area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  is associated with the first user and the second area of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3104  is associated with the second user, detect a fifth set of one or more inputs (e.g., with the detecting unit  3110 ); and in response to detecting the fifth set of one or more inputs: in accordance with a determination that the fifth set of one or more inputs are detected within the first area, perform a first operation (e.g., with the performing unit  3120 ); and in accordance with a determination that the fifth set of one or more inputs are detected within the second area, perform a second operation different from the first operation (e.g., with the performing unit  3120 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first area is proximate to a first edge of the display unit  3102 ; one or more first user interface objects displayed in the first area are oriented using the first edge as the bottom of the display unit  3102 ; the second area is proximate to a second edge of the display unit  3102 , different from the first edge of the display unit  3102 ; and one or more second user interface objects displayed in the second area are oriented using the second edge as the bottom of the display unit  3102 . 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 30A-30B  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 31 . For example, detection operation  3002 , determining operation  3008 , and associating operation  3010  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Training a User on Proper Fingering Techniques 
     Effectively performing tasks such as typing on an electronic device and playing a piano or electric keyboard require a user to use proper fingering techniques. For example, a technique known as “touch typing” was developed to improve a user&#39;s speed and accuracy when typing on a keyboard (e.g., a QWERTY keyboard associated with an electronic device or typewriter). This technique involves a user lightly placing eight fingers (excluding their right and left thumbs) along the middle row of letters on a QWERTY keyboard (e.g., the user&#39;s left pinky finger, ring finger, middle finger, and index finger are places on the “A”, “S”, “D”, and “F” keys, respectively, and the user&#39;s right index finger, middle finger, ring finger, and pinky finger are placed on the “J”, “K”, “L”, and “;” keys, respectively). Using this set-up as a base hand position, each key of the keyboard is assigned a finger that should be used to depress the key, causing the letter associated with the depressed key to by typed on a connected device (e.g., an electronic device such as a computer, or typewriter). When proficient at touch typing, a user can rely on muscle memory, rather than visual identification, to type a string of letters, increasing their efficiency. Conventional methods for training a user on proper typing technique include instructions for a user to depress a particular key with a corresponding finger and/or perform a series of practice exercises. However, while the computer can provide feedback as to the accuracy of the letters that are typed, computer cannot provide the user with feedback as to whether they have used the correct finger to depress the respective keys on the keyboard. 
     Likewise, playing a musical keyboard with high proficiency requires proper fingering technique, both to produce consistent sound quality (e.g., by depressing the keys with proper technique) and to achieve adequate speed and accuracy (e.g., by simultaneously depressing a combination of keys in a chord or serially depressing a series of keys in a musical passage). Conventional methods for training a musician to play a musical keyboard (e.g., a piano) include one-on-one (e.g., “private”) lessons with an instructor, who is able to demonstrate proper technique and provide feedback to the learning musician. However, private lessons can be prohibitively expensive and typically must be scheduled well in advance. Alternatively, programs exist that enable a user to connect a keyboard to an electronic device or allow use of an electronic device with a touch-sensitive surface as a proxy keyboard. Similar to programs used to learn typing on a computer, these programs are able to provide feedback on the accuracy of the notes being played, but not the user&#39;s fingering technique. 
     In embodiments described below, improved methods and user interfaces for training proper fingering techniques (e.g., for typing or playing a musical keyboard) are achieved at an electronic device by detecting finger contacts and analyzing the fingerprints associated with the finger contacts. In this fashion, the electronic device can determine which fingers, and in some embodiments which portion of the fingertips, were used to make the contacts. Advantageously, unlike conventional electronic methods for training typing and musical keyboard playing, the methods and user interfaces described below provide feedback indicating whether proper fingering techniques are being used (e.g., whether the correct fingers are being used for typing, whether the user is contacting a musical keyboard at the correct elevation and direction, and whether appropriate combinations of fingers are being used to play musical chords and passages). Furthermore, the methods and user interfaces described below can be used to self-teach, eliminating the costs and scheduling restrictions associated with taking private music lessons. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  32 A- 32 S and  33 A- 33 C includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 32A-32S and 33A-33C  to a touch screen  112  with an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  (e.g., a touch screen  112  with a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges), however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 32A-32S  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 32A-32S  on the display  450 . 
       FIGS. 32A-32S  illustrate multifunction device  100  having a touch screen  112  with a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges, allowing them to be used as fingerprint sensors. In some embodiments, multifunction device  100  alternatively, or in addition, has a separate fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIGS. 32A-32P  illustrate user interface  3200  displayed on touch screen  112 , user interface  3200  including musical keyboard  3201  having a plurality of activatable user interface objects (e.g., keys  3202 - 1  to  3202 - 24 ).  FIGS. 32Q-32S  illustrate user interface  3240  displayed on touch screen  112 , user interface  3240  including QWERTY character entry keyboard  3222  having a plurality of activatable user interface objects (e.g., keys  3232 - 1  to  3232 - 41 ).  FIGS. 32C-32K and 32M  include audio frequency meter  3210  showing the one or more sound frequencies of audio output  3208  generated at speaker  111  in response to an audio output generating event (e.g., detection of a qualifying contact at a position on touch screen  112  corresponding to the display of a key on musical keyboard  3201 ). These audio frequency meters are typically not part of the displayed user interface, but are provided to aid in the interpretation of the figures. 
       FIGS. 32A-32P  illustrate various embodiments where multifunction device  100  detects a fingerprint pattern of a contact at a position on touch screen  112  corresponding to display of an activatable music key in a musical keyboard, and based upon one or more characteristics of the fingerprint pattern, provides feedback to the user if the fingering used to make the contact on touch screen  112  is not a preferred fingering and plays a note (e.g., generated audio output  3208 ) if the fingering used to make the contact is a preferred fingering. 
     For example,  FIGS. 32A-32G  illustrate various embodiments in which multifunction device  100  detects a fingerprint pattern of contact  3204  at a position on touch screen  112  corresponding to display of key  3202 - 5  (e.g., the “E3” key) on musical keyboard  3201 , as illustrated in  FIG. 32A . Multifunction device  100  determines whether the fingerprint pattern of contact  3204  corresponds to a preferred fingering, the preferred fingering including at least a criterion that the finger corresponding to the fingerprint pattern of contact  3204  used to activate “E3” key  3202 - 5  is the user&#39;s left middle finger. 
       FIGS. 32B, 32D-32F  illustrate various embodiments in which the fingering used to make contact  3205  is not a preferred fingering based upon at least a criterion that the “E3” key  3202 - 5  is contacted by the user&#39;s left middle finger. Multifunction device  100  analyzes a fingerprint pattern of contact  3205  (e.g., including at least a determination of the identity of the finger corresponding to the fingerprint pattern) and determines that contact  3205  in  FIGS. 32B, 32D-32F  was made by the user&#39;s left ring (LR) finger. Because the user&#39;s left ring finger does not match the predetermined preferred finger (e.g., the user&#39;s left middle finger), multifunction device  100  provides feedback to the user indicating that a preferred fingering was not used. 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the user has used the wrong finger (e.g., their left ring finger instead of their left middle finger) includes visual feedback. For example, as illustrated in  FIGS. 32B and 32D , when “E3” key  3202 - 5  is contacted with the user&#39;s left ring (LR) finger, large “X”  3206  is displayed on touch screen  112 . 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the user has used the wrong finger (e.g., their left ring finger instead of their left middle finger) includes audible feedback. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 32E , when “E3” key  3202 - 5  is contacted with the user&#39;s left ring (LR) finger, multifunction device  100  generates audio output  3208  at speaker  111  having a frequency  3210  of 161.00 Hz, which is out of tune with a true “E3” tone, which has a frequency of 164.81 Hz. Particularly when played in a sequence of notes (e.g., as part of a musical passage), or in a chord, the user perceives that the note is “off,” indicating that they have used a non-preferred fingering. 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the user has used the wrong finger (e.g., their left ring finger instead of their left middle finger) includes tactile feedback. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 32F , when “E3” key  3202 - 5  is contacted with the user&#39;s left ring (LR) finger, multifunction device  100  generates tactile output  3212  (e.g., using tactile output generator  167 ). 
       FIGS. 32C and 32G  illustrate various embodiments in which the fingering used to make contact  3207  is a preferred fingering based upon at least a criterion that the “E3” key  3202 - 5  is contacted by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger. Multifunction device  100  analyzes a fingerprint pattern of contact  3207  (e.g., including at least a determination of the identity of the finger corresponding to the fingerprint pattern) and determines that contact  3207  in  FIGS. 32C and 32G  was made by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger. Because the user&#39;s left middle finger is the predetermined preferred finger, multifunction device  100  generates audio output  3208  at speaker  111  having a frequency of 164.81 Hz, corresponding to the true frequency of an “E3” tone. In  FIG. 32C , in accordance with some embodiments, multifunction device  100  does not provide feedback indicating that the preferred fingering was used. In  FIG. 32G , in accordance with some embodiments, multifunction device  100  provides feedback indicating that the preferred fingering was used by displaying star  3218  on touch screen  112 . 
       FIGS. 32H-32J  illustrate various embodiments in which the preferred fingering to play a C-major triad includes a user&#39;s left pinky finger, left middle finger, and left thumb. For example, the preferred fingering criteria includes criterion that the fingerprint patterns of contacts  3214 ,  3217 , and  3216 , used to activate “C” key  3202 - 1 , “E3” key  3202 - 5 , and “G” key  3202 - 8  on musical keyboard  3201  in  FIGS. 32H-32J , respectively, correspond to the preferred fingering. 
       FIGS. 32H-32I  illustrate various embodiments in which the fingering used to make contacts  3214 ,  3217 , and  3216  in  FIGS. 32H-32I  is not the preferred fingering, because the fingerprint pattern of contact  3217  in  FIGS. 32H-32I , used to activate “E3” key  3202 - 5  on musical keyboard  3201 , corresponds to the user&#39;s left ring (LR) finger, rather than the user&#39;s left middle finger. In  FIG. 32H , in accordance with some embodiments, multifunction device  100  provides visual feedback indicating that a non-preferred fingering was used by displaying large “X”  3206  on touch screen  112 . In  FIG. 32I , in accordance with some embodiments, multifunction device  100  provides visual and audio feedback indicating that a non-preferred fingering was used by displaying large “X”  3206  on touch screen  112  and by generating audio output  3208  at speaker  111 , audio output  3208  including a tone having a frequency of 161.00 Hz, creating a C major chord that is audibly out of tune. 
       FIG. 32J  illustrates an embodiment in which the fingering used to play the C major triad is the preferred fingering, based at least on a determination that the fingerprint patterns of contacts  3219 ,  3221 , and  3223  in  FIG. 32J  correspond to the user&#39;s left pinky finger (LP), left middle finger (LM), and left thumb (LT), respectively. In response, in accordance with some embodiments, multifunction device  100  generates audio output  3208  at speaker  111  corresponding to a properly tuned C major triad and provides visual feedback indicating that the fingering used to play the chord was the preferred fingering, by displaying star  3218  on touch screen  112 . 
       FIG. 32K-32L  illustrate various embodiments in which the preferred fingering criteria include a criterion that the fingerprint pattern of the activating contact corresponds with the user contacting touch screen  112  with the tip of their fingertip, as opposed to the pad or entirety of their fingertip. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 32K , multifunction device  100  detects contact  3225  at a position on touch screen  112  corresponding to the display of activatable “E3” key  3202 - 5  of musical keyboard  3201 . Because the fingerprint pattern of contact  3225  in  FIG. 32K  corresponds to the tip of the user&#39;s left middle (LM) fingertip, multifunction device  100  determines that the contact meets the predetermined fingering criteria and generates audio output  3208  at speaker  111  having a frequency of 164.81 Hz, corresponding to a properly tuned “E3” tone. Multifunction device  100 , in accordance with some embodiments, also provides visual feedback indicating that the fingering used to play the note was the preferred fingering, by displaying star  3218  on touch screen  112 . 
       FIG. 32L  illustrates an embodiment in which the preferred fingering criteria, including a criterion that a tip of the user&#39;s finger is used to activate the key, are not met. Multifunction device  100  detects contact  3227  on touch screen  112  at a position corresponding to display of “E3” key  3202 - 5  on musical keyboard  3201  in  FIG. 32L . Upon a determination that contact  3227  in  FIG. 32L  does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, because the fingertip pattern of the contact corresponds to the pad of the user&#39;s left middle (LM) fingertip, Multifunction device  100  displays large “X”  3206  on touch screen  112 , providing visual feedback indicating that preferred fingering was not user. 
       FIGS. 32M-32P  illustrate various embodiments in which the preferred fingering criteria further includes a criterion that the user activate a musical key with a finger motion moving backward towards an edge of the musical keyboard. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 32M-32N , multifunction device  100  detects contact  3228  at a position on touch screen  112  corresponding to the display of activatable “E3” key  3202 - 5  of musical keyboard  3201 . Because the fingerprint pattern of contact  3228  includes movement  3220  of contact  3228  from position  3228 - a  on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 32M  to position  3228 - b  on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 32N , multifunction device  100  determines that the contact meets the predetermined fingering criteria and, in response, generates audio output  3208  at speaker  111  having a frequency of 164.81 Hz, corresponding to a properly tuned “E3” tone. Multifunction device  100 , in accordance with some embodiments, also provides visual feedback indicating that the fingering used to play the note was the preferred fingering, by displaying star  3218  on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 32N . The fingerprint pattern of contact  3228  in  FIGS. 32M-32N  also corresponds to the tip of the user&#39;s left middle (LM) fingertip, further matching preferred fingering criteria in accordance with some embodiments. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 32O-32P , multifunction device  100  detects contact  3229  at a position on touch screen  112  corresponding to the display of activatable “E3” key  3202 - 5  of musical keyboard  3201 . Because the fingerprint pattern of contact  3229  in  FIGS. 32O-32P  includes movement  3230  of contact  3229  from position  3229 - a  on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 32O  to position  3229 - b  on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 32P , multifunction device  100  determines that the contact does not meet the predetermined fingering criteria and, in response, provides visual feedback indicating that the fingering used to play the note was not the preferred fingering, by displaying large “X”  3206  on touch screen  112  in  FIG. 32P . 
       FIGS. 32Q-32S  illustrate various embodiments where multifunction device  100  detects a fingerprint pattern of a contact at a position on touch screen  112  corresponding to display of an activatable character entry key on a character entry keyboard, and based upon one or more characteristics of the fingerprint pattern, provides feedback to the user if the fingering used to make the contact on touch screen  112  does not meet a preferred fingering criteria and enters a character (e.g., the letter “c”  3232 - 27 ) if the fingering used to make the contact does meet a preferred fingering criteria. The preferred fingering including at least a criterion that the user contact “C” key  3232 - 27  with their left middle finger. 
     In  FIG. 32Q , multifunction device  100  detects contact  3234  on touch screen  112  at a position corresponding to display of character entry key  3232 - 27  (e.g., the “C” key). Multifunction device  100  analyzes the fingerprint pattern of contact  3234  in  FIG. 32Q  to determine at least the identity of the user finger corresponding to the contact. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 32R , because multifunction device  100  determines that the fingerprint pattern of contact  3236  in  FIG. 32R  corresponds to the left index (LI) finger of the user, the contact does not meet the predefined preferred fingering criteria. In response, multifunction device  100  displays large “X”  3206  on touch screen  112 , providing visual feedback that the user did not use preferred fingering. In response to detecting contact  3236  in  FIG. 32R , multifunction device  100  also displays character “C”  3226 - 53  in text box  3224 , in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 32S , because multifunction device  100  determines that the fingerprint pattern of contact  3238  in  FIG. 32S  corresponds to the left middle (LM) finger of the user, the contact meets the predefined preferred fingering criteria. In response, multifunction device  100  displays character “c”  3226 - 53  in text box  3224 . In some embodiments, when the contact that activates the character entry key does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, the device does not enter the character corresponding to the character entry key (e.g., the device treats the selection of a character entry key with a non-preferred finger as a failure to activate the key, instead requiring the user to use the preferred finger to activate the character entry key in order to enter the character). 
       FIGS. 33A-33C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  3300  of training a user on proper fingering techniques in accordance with some embodiments. The method  3300  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  3300  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  3300  provides an intuitive way to train a user on proper fingering techniques. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when learning proper fingering techniques, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to learn proper fingering techniques faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., multifunction device  100  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch screen  112  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) and a display (e.g., touch screen  112  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) displays ( 3302 ) a user interface (e.g., user interface  3200  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) including a respective activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  of musical keyboard  3201  in  FIGS. 32A-32P  and/or character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  of QWERTY character entry keyboard  3222  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ). In some embodiments, the user interface includes a plurality of activatable user interface objects (e.g., a plurality of user interface objects that are capable of being activated). For example, user interface  3200  displays a plurality of activatable musical keys  3202 - 1  to  3202 - 24  of musical keyboard  3201  in  FIGS. 32A-32P , and user interface  3240  displays a plurality of activatable character entry keys  3232 - 1  to  3232 - 41  of QWERTY character entry keyboard  3222  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S . 
     In some embodiments, the respective activatable user interface object (e.g., activatable musical “E3” key in  FIGS. 32A-32P ) is ( 3304 ) one of a plurality of activatable user interface objects that correspond to keys (e.g., activatable musical keys  3202 - 1  to  3202 - 24  in  FIGS. 32A-32P ) in a representation of a musical keyboard (e.g., a virtual piano keyboard such as musical keyboard  3201  in  FIGS. 32A-32P ). 
     In some embodiments, the respective activatable user interface object (e.g., activatable character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ) is ( 3306 ) one of a plurality of activatable user interface objects that correspond to keys (e.g., activatable character entry keys  3232 - 1  to  3232 - 41 ) in a representation of a character entry keyboard (e.g., a virtual text keyboard, such as QWERTY keyboard  3222  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ). 
     The electronic device (e.g., multifunction device  100 ) detects ( 3308 ) a fingerprint pattern of a contact (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch screen  112 ) that corresponds to a focus selector (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) that is over the respective activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32A-32P  and/or character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ) on a display (e.g., touch screen  112 ). In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 32A-32S , the device detects a contact on a touchscreen display over the respective activatable user interface object. In some embodiments, the device detects a contact on a touch sensitive surface, separate from an associated display, at a position corresponding to a position on the associated display displaying a focus selector. 
     In response ( 3310 ) to detecting the fingerprint pattern of the contact (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the focus selector that is over the respective activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32A-32P  and/or character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ) on the display (e.g., touch screen  112 ): the device (e.g., multifunction device  100 ) analyzes ( 3312 ) the fingerprint pattern of the contact (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch screen  112 ) to determine one or more fingering characteristics of the contact and determines ( 3314 ) whether the contact (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) meets predefined preferred fingering criteria based on the one or more fingering characteristics. 
     In some embodiments, the preferred fingering criteria include ( 3316 ) a criterion that is met when a finger that corresponds to the fingerprint pattern of the contact (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) used to activate the activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32A-32P  and/or character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ) matches a predefined preferred finger of a hand for activating the activatable user interface object (e.g., the “j” key on a QWERTY keyboard is preferably activated by the right index finger using standard touch-typing criteria and an “f” key on a QWERTY keyboard is preferably activated by the left index finger using standard touch-typing criteria). For example, a preferred fingering criterion is met in  FIGS. 32C, 32G, and 32J-32N  when musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by contacts  3207 ,  3221 ,  3225 ,  3227 , and/or  3228  having a fingerprint pattern corresponding to the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger. In contrast, the preferred fingering criterion is not met in  FIGS. 32B, 32D-32F, and 32H-32I  when musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by contact  3205  and/or  3217  having a fingerprint pattern corresponding to the user&#39;s left ring (LR) finger. As another example, a preferred fingering criterion is met in  FIG. 32S  when character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  is activated by contact  3228  having a fingerprint pattern corresponding to the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger. In contrast, the preferred fingering criterion is not met in  FIG. 32R  when character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  is activated by contact  3236  having a fingerprint pattern corresponding to the user&#39;s left index (LI) finger. 
     In some embodiments, the preferred fingering criteria include ( 3318 ) a criterion that is met when the fingerprint pattern of the contact (e.g., contact  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 , and/or  3229  in  FIGS. 32K-32P ) on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch screen  112 ) corresponds to an initial angle of elevation between a finger used to activate the activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32K-32P ) and the display (e.g., touch screen  112 ) on which the activatable user interface object is displayed that is within a predefined range of preferred initial angles of elevation for activating the activatable user interface object. (e.g., a key on a musical keyboard is preferably played with the tip of a finger rather than the pad of a finger using standard piano playing guidelines). For example, a preferred fingering criterion is met in  FIGS. 32K and 32M-32P  when musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by contact  3225 ,  3228 , and/or  3229  having a fingerprint pattern corresponding to the tip of the user&#39;s fingertip. In contrast, the preferred fingering criterion is not met is  FIG. 32L  when musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by contact  3227  having a fingerprint pattern corresponding to the pad of the user&#39;s fingertip. 
     In some embodiments, the preferred fingering criteria include ( 3320 ) a criterion that is met when the fingerprint pattern of the contact (e.g., contact  3228  and/or  3229  in  FIGS. 32M-32P ) on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch screen  112 ) corresponds to a motion of a finger that activates the activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32K-32P ) that is within a predefined range of preferred motions for activating the activatable user interface object (e.g., a key on a musical keyboard should be played with the tip of a finger moving backward toward an edge of the keyboard rather than forward into the keyboard, and/or with a predefined intensity). For example, a preferred fingering criterion is met in  FIGS. 32M-32N  when musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by contact  3228  having a fingerprint pattern corresponding to motion of the user&#39;s fingertip backwards from the initial location of the contact on touch screen  112  towards the front edge of the representation of musical keyboard  3201  displayed on touch screen  112  (e.g., movement  3220  of contact  3228  from position  3228 - a  in  FIG. 32M  to position  3228 - b  in  FIG. 32N ). In contrast, the preferred fingering criterion is not met in  FIGS. 32O-32P  when musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by contact  3229  having a fingerprint pattern corresponding to motion of the user&#39;s fingertip forwards from the initial location of the contact on touch screen  112  away from the front edge of the representation of musical keyboard  3201  displayed on touch screen  112  (e.g., movement  3230  of contact  3229  from position  3229 - a  in  FIG. 32O  to position  3229 - b  in  FIG. 32P ). 
     In accordance with a determination that the contact (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, the device (e.g., multifunction device  100 ) provides ( 3322 ) feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met (e.g., visual feedback such as large “X”  3206  displayed on touch screen  112  in  FIGS. 32B, 32D, 32H-32I, 32L, 32P, and 32R ; audio feedback such as audio output  3208  including a frequency of 161.00 Hz generated at speaker  111  in  FIGS. 32E and 32I ; and/or tactile feedback such as tactile output  3212  generated, for example, by tactile output generator  167  in  FIG. 32F ). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination that the contact does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, the device (e.g., multifunction device  100 ) performs ( 3324 ) the operation (e.g., plays musical note “E3,” or enters character “C” into an active text box) associated with the activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32A-32P  and/or character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ). Thus, in some embodiments, even when the preferred fingering criteria are not met, the device still activates the activatable user interface object and performs a corresponding operation, such as playing a note corresponding to a key on the keyboard while providing visual, audio, and/or tactile feedback that the key was “pressed” incorrectly. For example, upon a determination that contact  3205  and/or  3217  does not meet a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  generates audio output  3208  having a frequency of 164.81 (e.g., corresponding to the true frequency of an “E3” tone) at speaker  111 , corresponding to activation of musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32D and 32H , while providing a different indication that the key was activated using non-preferred fingering (e.g., displaying a large “X”  3206  in  FIGS. 32D and 32H  because the user&#39;s left index finger was used to activate musical “E3” key  3202 - 5 ). In another example, upon a determination that contact  3236  does not meet a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  enters (e.g., displays) character “C”  3226 - 53  into text box  3224  displayed on touch screen  112 , corresponding to activation of character “C” entry key  3232 - 27 , while providing a different indication that the key was activated using non-preferred fingering (e.g., displaying a large “X”  3206  in  FIG. 32R  because the users left index finger was used to activate C” entry key  3232 - 27 ). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the contact (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, the device (e.g., multifunction device  100 ) forgoes ( 3326 ) performance of the operation (e.g., does not play musical note “E3,” or does not enter character “c” into an active text box) associated with the activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32A-32P  and/or character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ). Thus, in some embodiments, when the preferred fingering criteria are not met, the device does not activate the activatable user interface object and perform a corresponding operation, such as playing a note corresponding to a key on the keyboard that would be played if the preferred fingering criteria were met. For example, upon a determination that contact  3205  and/or  3229  does not meet a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  foregoes generating audio output  3208  having a frequency of 164.81 (e.g., corresponding to the true frequency of an “E3” tone) at speaker  111 , corresponding to activation of musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32B and 32O-32P . 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met includes ( 3328 ) audible feedback generated by the device (e.g., speakers play warning sound or note sounds “off” as though a musical keyboard had been incorrectly played when fingering criteria for playing a note on the musical keyboard have not been met). For example, upon a determination that contact  3205  and/or  3217  does not meet a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  generates audio output  3208  including a frequency of 161.00 Hz (e.g., corresponding to an “E3” tone that is out of tune) at speaker  111 , indicating to the user that a preferred fingering was not used to activate musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32E and 32I . In some embodiments, the audible feedback includes changing a loudness, reverberation or other audible property of the corresponding note instead of or in addition to changing the frequency of the audio output to indicate that the preferred fingering was not used. 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met includes ( 3330 ) visual feedback displayed on the display (e.g., the display of the device flashes or displays highlighting near the contact). For example, upon a determination that contact  3205 ,  3217 ,  3227 , and/or  3229  does not meet the a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  displays large “X”  3206  on touch screen  112 , indicating to the user that a preferred fingering was not used to activate musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32B, 32D, 32H-32I, 32L, and 32P . In another example, upon a determination that contact  3236  does not meet a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  displays large “X”  3206  on touch screen  112 , indicating to the user that a preferred fingering was not used to activate character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIG. 32R . 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met includes ( 3332 ) tactile feedback generated by the device (e.g., the device buzzes or provides some other tactile output indicating that the user&#39;s fingering is incorrect). For example, upon a determination that contact  3205  in  FIG. 32F  does not meet a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  generates tactile output  3212  (e.g., using tactile output generator  167 ), indicating to the user that a preferred fingering was not used to activate musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIG. 32F . 
     In accordance with a determination that the contact (e.g., contact  3204 ,  3205 ,  3207 ,  3214 ,  3216 ,  3217 ,  3219 ,  3221 ,  3223 ,  3225 ,  3227 ,  3228 ,  3229 ,  3234 ,  3236 , and/or  3238  in  FIGS. 32A-32S ) meets the preferred fingering criteria, the device (e.g., multifunction device  100 ) performs ( 3334 ) an operation associated with the activatable user interface object (e.g., musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32A-32P  and/or character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIGS. 32Q-32S ). For example, the device activates the activatable user interface object without providing feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met. For example, upon a determination that contact  3207 ,  3221 ,  3225 , and/or  3228  meets a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  generates audio output  3208  including a frequency of 164.81 (e.g., corresponding to the true frequency of an “E3” tone) at speaker  111 , corresponding to activation of musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32C, 32G, 32J-32K, and 32M-32N . In another example, upon a determination that contact  3238  meets a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  enters (e.g., displays) character “c”  3226 - 53  into text box  3224  displayed on touch screen  112 , corresponding to activation of character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIG. 32S . 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the contact meets the preferred fingering criteria, the device (e.g., multifunction device  100 ) provides ( 3336 ) feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have been met. (e.g., visual, audio, and/or tactile feedback). For example, upon a determination that contact  3207 ,  3221 ,  3225 , and/or  3228  in  FIGS. 32G, 32J-32K, and 32N  meets a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  displays star  3218  on touch screen  112 , indicating to the user that a preferred fingering was used to activate musical “E3” key  3202 - 5  in  FIGS. 32G, 32J-32K, and 32N . In another example, upon a determination that contact  3228  in  FIG. 32S  meets a predefined fingering criteria including at least a criterion that character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  is activated by the user&#39;s left middle (LM) finger, multifunction device  100  displays star  3218  on touch screen  112 , indicating to the user that a preferred fingering was used to activate character “C” entry key  3232 - 27  in  FIG. 32S . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 33A-33C  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  3300  described above with respect to  FIGS. 33A-33C . For example, the fingerprints, contacts, user interface objects, and focus selectors described above with reference to method  3300  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, contacts, user interface objects, and focus selectors described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 34  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  3400  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 34  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 34 , an electronic device  3400  includes a display unit  3402  configured to display a graphic user interface, a touch-sensitive surface unit  3404  configured to receive user contacts, optionally a fingerprint sensor unit  3405 , an audible feedback unit  3406  for providing audible feedback and a tactile feedback unit  3407  for providing tactile feedback; and a processing unit  3408  coupled to the display unit  3402 , the touch-sensitive surface unit  3404  and optionally the fingerprint sensor unit  3405 , the audible feedback unit  3406  and the tactile feedback unit  3407 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  3408  includes a display enabling unit  3410 , a detecting unit  3412 , an analyzing unit  3414 , a determining unit  3416 , a feedback providing unit  3418 , and a performing unit  3420 . 
     The processing unit  3408  is configured to enable display of a user interface including a respective activatable user interface object (e.g., with the display enabling unit  3410 ) and detect a fingerprint pattern of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  3402  that corresponds to a focus selector that is over the respective activatable user interface object on the display unit  3402  (e.g., with the detecting unit  3412 ). The processing unit  3408  is also configured to, in response to detecting the fingerprint pattern of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  3404  that corresponds to the focus selector that is over the respective activatable user interface object on the display unit  3402 , analyze the fingerprint pattern of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  3404  to determine one or more fingering characteristics of the contact (e.g., with the analyzing unit  3414 ) and determine whether the contact meets predefined preferred fingering criteria based on the one or more fingering characteristics (e.g., with the determining unit  3416 ). The processing unit  3408  is further configured to, in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, provide feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met (e.g., with the feedback providing unit  3418 ). The processing unit  3408  is further configured to, in accordance with a determination that the contact meets the preferred fingering criteria, perform an operation associated with the activatable user interface object (e.g., with the performing unit  3420 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3408  is further configured to, in accordance with the determination that the contact does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, perform the operation associated with the activatable user interface object (e.g., with the performing unit  3420 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3408  is further configured to, in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the preferred fingering criteria, forgo performance of the operation associated with the activatable user interface object (e.g., with the performing unit  3420 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3408  is further configured to, in accordance with a determination that the contact meets the preferred fingering criteria, provide feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have been met (e.g., with the feedback providing unit  3418 ). 
     In some embodiments, the respective activatable user interface object is one of a plurality of activatable user interface objects that correspond to keys in a representation of a musical keyboard. 
     In some embodiments, the respective activatable user interface object is one of a plurality of activatable user interface objects that correspond to keys in a representation of a character entry keyboard. 
     In some embodiments, the preferred fingering criteria include a criterion that is met when a finger that corresponds to the fingerprint pattern of the contact used to activate the activatable user interface object matches a predefined preferred finger of a hand for activating the activatable user interface object. 
     In some embodiments, the preferred fingering criteria include a criterion that is met when the fingerprint pattern of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit corresponds to an initial angle of elevation between a finger used to activate the activatable user interface object and the display unit  3402  on which the activatable user interface object is displayed that is within a predefined range of preferred initial angles of elevation for activating the activatable user interface object. 
     In some embodiments, the preferred fingering criteria include a criterion that is met when the fingerprint pattern of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  3404  corresponds to a motion of a finger that activates the activatable user interface object that is within a predefined range of preferred motions for activating the activatable user interface object. 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met includes audible feedback generated by the device  3400  (e.g., with the audible feedback unit  3406 ). 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met includes visual feedback displayed on the display unit  3402 . 
     In some embodiments, the feedback indicating that the preferred fingering criteria have not been met includes tactile feedback generated by the device  3400  (e.g., with the tactile feedback unit  3407 ). 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 33A-33C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 34 . For example, displaying operation  3302 , detecting operation  3308 , analyzing operation  3312 , determining operation  3314 , feedback providing operations  3322  and  3336 , performing operations  3324  and  3334 , and forgoing operation  3326  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Operating a Portion of a Touch-Sensitive Surface in an Enhanced-Sensitivity Mode of Operation 
     Many electronic devices have applications that make use of identity authentication, such as applications that have logins or applications that access private content. A method of identity authentication is fingerprint detection and verification. A device can include a touch-sensitive surface of sufficient sensitivity to detect fingerprints. However, such touch-sensitive surfaces consume more power, and if the device runs on a battery, decreases the time between charges. The embodiments described below include a device that has a touch-sensitive surface that can be sub-divided into regions that can be operated in a mode of enhanced sensitivity that is sufficient to detect fingerprints or in a mode of reduced sensitivity. A region of the touch-sensitive surface is operated in the enhanced-sensitivity mode if one or more criteria are met, and is otherwise operated in the reduced-sensitivity mode. This enhances the sensitivity of portions of the touch-sensitive surface on an as-needed basis. By operating portions of the touch-sensitive surface in the enhanced-sensitivity mode on an as-needed basis, power consumption is reduced while the device remains capable of fingerprint detection, thereby providing a convenient and efficient user interface that conserves battery power. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  35 A- 35 J and  36 A- 36 B optionally includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 35A-35J and 36A-36B  will be discussed with reference to touch screen  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. Analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , and optionally one or more fingerprint sensors  169  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 35A-35J  on the touch-sensitive surface  451  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 35A-35J  on the display  450 . 
       FIG. 35A  illustrates user interface  3501  displayed on touch screen  112  of a device (e.g., device  100 ). User interface  3501  includes one or more application icons, as described above with reference to  FIG. 4A . Touch screen  112  includes one or more regions  3502 , each of which corresponds to a respective application icon. As shown in  FIG. 35A , region  3502 - 1  corresponds to “Messages” icon  424 . Region  3502 - 2  corresponds to “Calendar” icon  426 . Region  3502 - 3  corresponds to “Photos” icon  428 . Region  3502 - 4  corresponds to “Notes” icon  444 . Region  3502 - 5  corresponds to “Settings” icon  446 . Region  3502 - 6  corresponds to “Phone” icon  416 . Region  3502 - 7  corresponds to “Mail” icon  418 . In some embodiments, the regions correspond to quadrants (or other geometric divisions) of the touch sensitive surface (e.g., touch screen  112 ). 
     Device  100  operates a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in a reduced-sensitivity mode or an enhanced-sensitively mode. When device  100  operates a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) operating in enhanced-sensitivity mode, device  100  is capable of detecting the presence/absence of a contact in the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) on touch screen  112  and movement of the contact, and also is capable of detecting fingerprint features of the contact, such as minutia features that enable the contact to be uniquely identified as a previously registered fingerprint. When device  100  operates the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in reduced-sensitivity mode, device  100  is capable of detecting the presence/absence of the contact in the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) on touch screen  112  and movement of the contact, but is not capable of detecting fingerprint features of the contact. Thus, for example, when a contact is located in a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) of device  100  that is being operated in enhanced-sensitivity mode, device  100  is capable of detecting fingerprint features, which can be used for identity authentication or authorized access, and/or detection of fine movement of the contact. On the other hand, when a contact is located in a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) operating in reduced-sensitivity mode, device  100  is not capable of detecting fingerprint features of the contact. In some embodiments, device  100  independently operates and transitions each respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) between reduced-sensitivity mode and enhanced-sensitivity mode. In some embodiments, the a majority of touch screen  112  or, optionally the entire touch screen  112 , is capable of being operated in the enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation. 
     When there is no contact detected on a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ), device  100  operates the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in reduced-sensitivity mode. Operating a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in reduced-sensitivity mode consumes less power than operating the same respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in enhanced-sensitivity mode. When device  100  detects a contact in a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) that is operating in reduced-sensitivity mode, device  100  operates the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in enhanced-sensitivity mode if the contact meets one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, and otherwise continues to operate the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in reduced-sensitivity mode. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include a criterion that is met when a fingerprint-shaped contact is detected in the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ). Thus, for example, a fingerprint-shaped contact detected in the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) would activate the enhanced-sensitivity mode, but a stylus contact would not. In some embodiments, a single contact gesture activates the enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation, while a multi-contact gesture does not activate the enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include a criterion that is met when a fingerprint-shaped contact is detected to be moving or rotating (e.g., twisting) at a speed below a predetermined threshold speed (or at a rotation speed below a predetermined threshold). For example, a fingerprint that is slowly moving through or twisting in a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) activates the enhanced-sensitivity mode for the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include a criterion that is met when a contact is detected on touch screen  112  while a focus selector corresponding to the contact is over a fingerprint-sensitive user interface element. In some embodiments, on touch screen  112 , the focus selector corresponding to the contact is the contact itself. Thus, for example, this criterion is met when a contact is detected on touch screen  112  over a fingerprint-sensitive user interface element. An example of a fingerprint-sensitive user interface element is an application icon whose corresponding application is configured to require authentication or authorization for access. In some embodiments, whether an application requires authentication or authorization for access is configurable by a user of device  100 . Another example of a fingerprint-sensitive user interface element is an interactive user interface object (e.g., a virtual dial or knob). 
     In some embodiments, when the device operates a respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in enhanced-sensitivity mode, the device operates the other respective regions  3502  in reduced-sensitivity mode. Operating only one respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in enhanced-sensitivity mode consumes less power than operating multiple respective regions  3502  in enhanced-sensitivity mode. In some embodiments, when the contact no longer meets the criteria, or the contact is removed from the respective region (e.g., by liftoff of the contact from touch screen  112 ), device  100  reverts to operating the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in reduced-sensitivity mode. In some embodiments, the reversion to operating the respective region (e.g., one of regions  3502  in  FIG. 35A ) in reduced-sensitivity mode occurs after a predetermined amount of time after the contact is removed or no longer meets the criteria (e.g., a timeout). 
       FIG. 35A  shows a contact with fingerprint  3504  detected on “Mail” icon  418 . “Mail” icon  418  corresponds to region  3502 - 7 , which is being operated by device  100  in reduced-sensitivity mode. In  FIG. 35A , e-mail client module  140 , to which “Mail” icon  418  corresponds, is configured to require authentication or authorization for access. In response to detecting the contact with fingerprint  3504  on “Mail” icon  418 , device  100  starts to operate region  3502 - 7  in enhanced-sensitivity mode. With region  3502 - 7  operating in enhanced-sensitivity mode, device  100  is capable of detecting fingerprint features of fingerprint  3504  for purposes of authorization. In some embodiments, if device  100  determines that fingerprint  3504  does not correspond to a previously registered fingerprint or does not belong to an authorized user of e-mail client module  140 , device  100  displays message  3506  alerting the user of the lack of authorization to access e-mail client module  140 , as shown in  FIG. 35B . If device  100  determines that fingerprint  3504  corresponds to a previously registered fingerprint that belongs to an authorized user of e-mail client module  140 , device  100  activates email client module  140  and displays user interface  3508  of e-mail client module  140 , as shown in  FIG. 35C . User interface  3508  includes, for example, a listing of email accounts  3512  and a listing of corresponding inboxes  3510 . 
     In some embodiments, a user of device  100  can have access to some email accounts (and corresponding inboxes) and not others. When user interface  3508  of e-mail client module  140  is displayed, email accounts listing  3512  and inboxes listing  3510  only includes the email accounts and inboxes the user is authorized to access, based on the fingerprint detected in region  3502 - 7 . 
       FIG. 35D  illustrates device  100  in a locked state. While device  100  is in the locked state and touch screen  112  is active (e.g., not in sleep mode), a lock screen is displayed on touch screen  112 . The lock screen includes unlock object  3516  and virtual groove (or unlock image)  3518 , with unlock object  3516  located at one end (e.g., the left end) of virtual groove (or unlock image)  3518 . Device  100  can be unlocked by dragging unlock object  3516  to the opposite end (e.g., the right end) of virtual groove  3518 . Touch screen  112  also includes region  3520  that device  100  operates in reduced-sensitivity mode or enhanced-sensitivity mode. When there is no contact detected in region  3520 , region  3520  is operated in reduced-sensitivity mode. 
     A contact with fingerprint  3514  on unlock object  3516 , and movement of the contact and fingerprint  3514  toward the right end of virtual groove  3518 , are detected on touch screen  112 . In response to detecting the movement of the contact, unlock object  3516  moves toward the right end of virtual groove  3518 , as shown in  FIGS. 35E-35F  and in  FIG. 35G ; the contact drags unlock object  3516  toward the right end of virtual groove  3518 . Before fingerprint  3514  reaches region  3520  (e.g., while fingerprint  3514  is at location  3514 - a  or  3514 - b ), region  3520  remains in reduced-sensitivity mode. 
     When the device detects fingerprint  3514  in region  3520  (e.g., when the contact with fingerprint  3514  has moved to location  3514 - c ), as shown in  FIG. 35F  and in  FIG. 35G , device  100  operates region  3520  in enhanced-sensitivity mode. In some embodiments, device  100  operates region  3520  in enhanced-sensitivity mode if the contact with fingerprint  3514  is detected moving in region  3520  below a predetermined speed threshold. Device  100  detects one or more fingerprint features of fingerprint  3514 . Based on the detected fingerprint features, device  100  determines whether fingerprint  3514  meets one or more unlock criteria or not. In the example shown in  FIG. 35G , if fingerprint  3514  meets  3522  unlock criteria (e.g., the fingerprint is a previously registered fingerprint of a user of device  100 ), then device  100  is unlocked and, for example, an application launch user interface (or other unlocked interface) is displayed. In contrast, if fingerprint  3514  does not meet  3524  unlock criteria (e.g., the fingerprint is not identified as a previously registered fingerprint of a user of device  100 ) or if the features of fingerprint  3514  cannot be detected (e.g., because region  3520  is in reduced-sensitivity mode), then device  100  remains in the locked state and optionally displays an alternative user interface for unlocking device  100  (e.g., a passcode entry user interface). Alternatively, when fingerprint  3514  does not meet  3524  unlock criteria, the lock screen shown in  FIG. 35D  is redisplayed. 
       FIG. 35H  shows user interface  3526  displayed on touch screen  112 . User interface  3526  includes numeral value field  3528  and virtual knob  3530 . User interface  3526  is a user interface of an application that includes numerical value input and/or manipulation (e.g., a calculator, a thermostat control application, a unit converter, a spreadsheet). A user interacts with virtual knob  3530  to adjust a value displayed in numerical value field  3528 . For example, a user places a fingerprint on touch screen  112  over virtual knob  3530  and twists the fingerprint to turn virtual knob  3530 . The value in numerical value field  3528  changes with the turning of virtual knob  3530 . 
     In  FIGS. 35H-35J , the area of virtual knob  3530  is a region of touch screen  112  that device  100  operates in reduced-sensitivity mode or enhanced-sensitivity mode. When there is no fingerprint detected on virtual knob  3530 , device  100  operates a portion of touch screen  112  that includes virtual knob  3530  in reduced-sensitivity mode. When a fingerprint is detected on virtual knob  3530 , device  100  operates a portion of touch screen  112  that includes virtual knob  3530  in either reduced-sensitivity mode or enhanced-sensitivity mode based on the rate at which the detected fingerprint twists. For example,  FIG. 35I  illustrates fingerprint  3532  detected on virtual knob  3530 . The user twists fingerprint  3532  at a rate above a predetermined threshold speed. In accordance with the above-threshold twisting rate of fingerprint  3532 , device  100  operates a portion of touch screen  112  that includes virtual knob  3530  in reduced-sensitivity mode. While operating the portion of touch screen  112  that includes virtual knob  3530  in reduced-sensitivity mode, device  100  detects motion (e.g., twisting) of fingerprint  3532  but not the features of fingerprint  3532 . Thus, device  100  detects twisting of fingerprint  3532  in relatively coarse increments. Virtual knob  3530  rotates in coarse increments in accordance with the detected coarse twisting increments of fingerprint  3532 . The value in numerical value field  3528  changes in coarse increments in accordance with the coarse increments of rotation of virtual knob  3530 . 
       FIG. 35J  illustrates fingerprint  3534 , analogous to fingerprint  3532 , detected on virtual knob  3530 . The user twists fingerprint  3534  at a rate below the predetermined threshold speed. In accordance with the below-threshold twisting rate of fingerprint  3534 , device  100  operates the portion of touch screen  112  that includes virtual knob  3530  in enhanced-sensitivity mode. While operating the portion of touch screen  112  that includes virtual knob  3530  in enhanced-sensitivity mode, device  100  detects features of fingerprint  3532  as well as its twisting motion. By detecting the features of fingerprint  3532 , device  100  is able to detect the movement of those features and thus detect fine movement, including twisting in fine increments, of fingerprint  3532 . Virtual knob  3530  rotates in fine increments in accordance with the detected fine twisting increments of fingerprint  3530 . The value in numerical value field  3528  changes in fine increments accordance with the fine increments of rotation of virtual knob  3530 . In some embodiments, device  100  operates the portion of touch screen  112  that includes virtual knob  3530  in enhanced-sensitivity mode in response to detecting fingerprint  3534  twisting in virtual knob  3530 , without regard to the speed of the twisting. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 35A-35J , touch screen  112  includes one or more regions that device  100  operates in reduced-sensitivity mode or enhanced-sensitivity mode. It should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, any portion of touch screen  112  (or touch-sensitive surface  451 ) is capable of being operated by the device (e.g., device  100  or  300 ) in reduced-sensitivity mode or enhanced-sensitivity mode. In some embodiments, for a given displayed user interface, some portions of touch screen  112  (or touch-sensitive surface  451 ), such as the portions of touch screen  112  outside of regions  3502 , region  3520 , or virtual knob  3530 , remain in reduced-sensitivity mode; the capability to transition those portions between reduced-sensitivity mode and enhanced-sensitivity mode is disabled. For example, for user interface  3501  as shown in  FIG. 35A , the capability to transition the portions of touch screen  112  outside of regions  3502  between reduced-sensitivity mode and enhanced-sensitivity mode is disabled. Also, in some embodiments, a region where the transitioning between sensitivity modes is enabled moves along with the corresponding user interface object or affordance. For example, in  FIG. 35A , if the locations of “Notes” icon  444  and “Weather” icon  438  are swapped with each other, region  3502 - 5  moves to the new location of “Notes” icon  444 , and the portion of touch screen  112  corresponding to the old location of “Notes” icon  444  (i.e., the new location of “Weather” icon  438 ) is disabled from transitioning between reduced-sensitivity mode and enhanced-sensitivity mode. 
     In some embodiments, the portions of the touch-sensitive surface that are transitioned between the reduced-sensitivity mode and enhanced-sensitivity mode correspond to different groups of sensors that can be enabled and disabled separately. For example, a first set of sensors corresponding to a lower right quadrant of touch screen  112 , a second set of sensors corresponding to an upper right quadrant of touch screen  112 , a third set of sensors corresponding to a lower left quadrant of touch screen  112 , and a fourth set of sensors corresponding to an upper left quadrant of touch screen  112  can each be independently transitioned between the reduced-sensitivity mode and the enhanced-sensitivity mode. In some embodiments, the different regions are selected to be transitioned between the reduced-sensitivity mode and the enhanced-sensitivity mode based on a location of a contact or a user interface object on touch screen  112 , as described in greater detail above. In situations where the device determines that a region of the user interface that needs enhanced-sensitivity data spans multiple regions of sets of sensors, the device, optionally, enables all of the multiple regions of sets of sensors to operate in the enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation, while one or more other sets of sensors continue to operate in the reduced-sensitivity mode of operation. 
       FIGS. 36A-36B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  3600  of operating a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation in accordance with some embodiments. The method  3600  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  3600  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  3600  provides an intuitive way to operate a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when operating a touch-sensitive surface, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling operation of a portion of a touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device detects ( 3602 ) a contact in a first region of the touch-sensitive surface, where the first region of the touch-sensitive surface is in a reduced-sensitivity mode of operation.  FIG. 35A , for example, illustrates a contact with fingerprint  3504  detected in region  3502 - 7  that is being operated in reduced-sensitivity mode.  FIG. 35F  shows a contact with fingerprint  3514  moving to location  3514 - c , which is in region  3520  that is being operated in reduced-sensitivity mode.  FIG. 35H  shows a contact with fingerprint  3532  detected in virtual knob  3530 , which is also a region that is being operated in reduced-sensitivity mode. In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface includes ( 3603 ) a plurality of different regions (e.g., regions that correspond to subsets of the touch-sensitive surface), and the device is configured to independently transition each of the plurality of different regions between the reduced-sensitivity mode and the enhanced-sensitivity mode (e.g., the device can turn the enhanced-sensitivity mode “on” for one or more of the regions without turning the enhanced-sensitivity mode on for the whole touch-sensitive surface). Turning the enhanced-sensitivity mode on in certain areas, but not in others, if there is no need to have the whole touch-sensitive surface in enhanced-sensitivity mode, reduces demands on the processor and extends battery life. For example,  FIG. 35A  shows regions  3502 - 1  through  3502 - 7 . In some embodiments, the device is configured to independently transition each of regions  3502 - 1  through  3502 - 7  (or regions of touch screen  112  that include these regions) between reduced-sensitivity mode and enhanced-sensitivity mode. 
     In response to detecting the contact ( 3604 ), the device determines ( 3606 ) whether the contact meets one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria. Device  100  determines, for example, whether fingerprint  3504  (or fingerprint  3514  or  3532  or  3534 ) meets one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include ( 3608 ) a criterion that is met when a fingerprint-shaped contact is detected in the first region of the touch-sensitive surface. For example, a fingerprint-sensor activation criterion is met by detection of a contact with fingerprint  3504  in region  3502 - 7  (or detection of a contact with fingerprint  3514  in region  3520 ). 
     In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include ( 3610 ) a criterion that is met when a fingerprint-shaped contact is detected moving at a speed below a predetermined threshold speed (e.g., enhanced-sensitivity helps make slow movement more accurate/slow movement indicates that the user is interacting with a fingerprint sensitive user interface element). For example, a fingerprint-sensor activation criterion is met by detection of fingerprint  3534  twisting in virtual knob  3530  at a rate below a predetermined threshold. As another example, a fingerprint-sensor activation criterion is met by detection of a contact with fingerprint  3514  moving in region  3520  at a rate below a predetermined threshold. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include ( 3612 ) a criterion that is met when a contact is detected on the touch-sensitive surface while a focus selector corresponding to the contact is over a fingerprint-sensitive user interface element. For example, the device detects a contact over a control that operates in accordance with a detected fingerprint (e.g., a knob or dial that operates in response to twisting of a fingerprint, or an affordance that is restricted so that it is only activated in accordance with a detected fingerprint) and turns on the fingerprint sensitivity in a region of the touch-sensitive surface that includes the contact and/or the control so that the fingerprint corresponding to the contact can be identified and used to operate the control. For example, a fingerprint-sensor activation criterion is met by detection of fingerprint  3534  twisting in virtual knob  3530 . As another example, a fingerprint-sensor activation criterion is met by detection of a contact with fingerprint  3504  in region  3502 - 7 . 
     In accordance with a determination that the contact meets the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, the device operates ( 3614 ) the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation (e.g., for contacts within the first region of the touch-sensitive surface, the device can detect the presence/absence and movement of the contact, and, in addition, the device can detect fingerprint features of the contact such as minutia features that enable the contact to be uniquely identified as a previously registered fingerprint). For example, device  100  operates region  3502 - 7  (and similarly region  3520  or a portion of touch screen  112  that includes virtual knob  3530 ) in enhanced-sensitivity mode when the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria are met. 
     In accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, the device continues to operate ( 3618 ) the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in the reduced-sensitivity mode of operation (e.g., for regions of the touch-sensitive surface that are operating in the reduced-sensitivity mode, the device can detect the presence/absence and movement of the contact, but is not able to detect fingerprint features of the contact such as minutia features that would enable the contact to be uniquely identified as a previously registered fingerprint). For example, in  FIG. 35I , when the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria includes movement or rotation below a threshold rate, when fingerprint  3532  twists above the threshold speed, the device  100  continues to operate virtual knob  3530  in reduced-sensitivity mode. 
     In some embodiments, while the first region of the touch-sensitive surface is in the enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation, the device is capable ( 3616 ) of detecting fingerprint details of a contact detected in the first region; and while the first region of the touch-sensitive surface is in the reduced-sensitivity mode of operation, the device is not capable ( 3620 ) of detecting fingerprint details of a contact detected in the first region. For example, while device  100  is operating region  3502 - 7  (or region  3520  or  3530 ) in enhanced-sensitivity mode, device  100  is capable of detecting fingerprint details (e.g., fingerprint features) of a contact (e.g., a contact with fingerprint  3504 , a contact with fingerprint  3514 , a contact with fingerprint  3534 ) detected in the region. While device  100  is operating region  3502 - 7  (or region  3520  or  3530 ) in reduced-sensitivity mode, device  100  is not capable of detecting fingerprint details (e.g., fingerprint features) of a contact detected in the region and thus does not track movements of the contact as precisely as when the region is operating in the enhanced-sensitivity mode. 
     In some embodiments, while operating the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in the enhanced-sensitivity mode ( 3622 ), the device detects ( 3624 ) fingerprint features of the contact, and, in response to detecting the fingerprint features of the contact, performs ( 3626 ) an operation in accordance with the fingerprint features (e.g., in response to detecting the fingerprint features of the contact, the device performs an identity-based operation or an operation that requires detecting fingerprint features of the contact). For example, the device detects small movements of the contact based on detecting movements of fingerprint minutia features, where the small movements of the contact would not be detectable based on movement of the overall contact without looking at the fingerprint features. In  FIGS. 35B-35C , device  100  detects the features of fingerprint  3504  in region  3502 - 7  and either displays error message  3506  or displays user interface  3508  of e-mail client module  140  based on the detected features of fingerprint  3504 . In  FIG. 35G , device  100  detects the features of fingerprint  3514  in region  3520  and unlocks device  100  or leaves device  100  based on whether the fingerprint  3514  meets unlock criteria  3522  or does not meet the unlock criteria  3524 . In  FIG. 35J , device  100  detects movement of features of fingerprint  3534  in virtual knob  3530  and rotates virtual knob  3530  in fine increments in accordance with the detected movement of the fingerprint features. 
     In some embodiments, while operating the first region in the enhanced-sensitivity mode ( 3622 ), the device operates ( 3628 ) one or more of the other regions of the touch-sensitive surface in the reduced-sensitivity mode (e.g., while the first region is enabled to detect fingerprint details of contacts detected on the touch-sensitive surface, other regions of the touch-sensitive surface are able to detect the presence/absence and movement of contacts, without detecting fingerprint details of the contacts). For example,  FIG. 35A  shows multiple regions  3502  that are operable in reduced-sensitivity mode or enhanced-sensitivity mode (and the remainder of touch screen  112  is operable in reduced-sensitivity mode). While region  3502 - 7  is operated in enhanced-sensitivity mode, the other regions  3502  are operated in reduced-sensitivity mode. Maintaining some of the regions of the touch screen  112  in reduced-sensitivity mode while operating a respective region in enhanced-sensitivity mode provides the benefits of enhanced precision and/or ability to authenticate a user in the respective region while reducing power usage by keeping other regions in a lower power reduced-sensitivity mode when the enhanced-sensitivity mode is not needed for the other regions. 
     In some embodiments, operating ( 3630 ) the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in the enhanced-sensitivity mode consumes more power than operating the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in the reduced-sensitivity mode. Thus, switching the first region of the touch-sensitive surface from reduced-sensitivity mode to enhanced-sensitivity mode on an “as needed” basis reduces the overall energy consumption of the device, thereby increasing energy efficiency and battery life of the device. For example, operating region  3502 - 7  in enhanced-sensitivity mode when a contact is detected within, and in reduced-sensitivity mode at other times reduces power consumption compared to operating region  3502 - 7  in enhanced-sensitivity mode all the time. 
     In some embodiments, operating ( 3632 ) more than the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in the enhanced-sensitivity mode consumes more power than operating only the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in the enhanced-sensitivity mode (e.g., while operating the rest of the touch-sensitive surface in the reduced-sensitivity mode). Thus, operating the rest of the touch-sensitive surface in the reduced-sensitivity mode while operating the first region of the touch-sensitive surface in the enhanced-sensitivity mode reduces the overall energy consumption of the device, thereby increasing energy efficiency and battery life of the device. For example, operating just whichever region  3502  in which a contact is detected (e.g., region  3502 - 7  in  FIG. 35A ) in enhanced-sensitivity mode and the rest in reduced-sensitivity mode reduces power consumption compared to operating more than one of regions  3502  in enhanced-sensitivity mode. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 36A-36B  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  3600  described above with respect to  FIGS. 36A-36B . For example, the fingerprints, contacts, and user interfaces described above with reference to method  3600  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, contacts, and user interfaces described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 37  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  3700  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 37  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 37 , an electronic device  3700  includes a display unit  3702 , a touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  configured to receive contacts, and a processing unit  3708  coupled to the display unit  3702  and the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  3708  includes a detecting unit  3710 , a determining unit  3712 , an operating unit  3714 , a performing unit  3716 , and a transitioning unit  3718 . 
     The processing unit  3708  is configured to: detect a contact in a first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  (e.g., with the detecting unit  3710 ), where the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  is in a reduced-sensitivity mode of operation; in response to detecting the contact: determine whether the contact meets fingerprint-sensor activation criteria (e.g., with the determining unit  3712 ); in accordance with a determination that the contact meets the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, operate the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  in an enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation (e.g., with the operating unit  3714 ); and in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the fingerprint-sensor activation criteria, continue to operate the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  in the reduced-sensitivity mode of operation (e.g., with the operating unit  3714 ). 
     In some embodiments, while the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  is in the enhanced-sensitivity mode of operation, the processing unit  3708  is capable of detecting fingerprint details of a contact detected in the first region (e.g., with the detecting unit  3710 ), and while the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  is in the reduced-sensitivity mode of operation, the processing unit  3708  is not capable of detecting fingerprint details of a contact detected in the first region (e.g., with the detecting unit  3710 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3708  is configured to, while operating the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  in the enhanced-sensitivity mode: detect fingerprint features of the contact (e.g., with the detecting unit  3710 ), and in response to detecting the fingerprint features of the contact, perform an operation in accordance with the fingerprint features (e.g., with the performing unit  3716 ). 
     In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  includes a plurality of different regions, and the processing unit  3708  is configured to independently transition each of the plurality of different regions between the reduced-sensitivity mode and the enhanced-sensitivity mode (e.g., with the transitioning unit  3718 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  3708  is configured to, while operating the first region in the enhanced-sensitivity mode, operate one or more of the other regions of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  in the reduced-sensitivity mode (e.g., with the operating unit  3714 ). 
     In some embodiments, operating the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  in the enhanced-sensitivity mode consumes more power than operating the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  in the reduced-sensitivity mode. 
     In some embodiments, operating more than the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  in the enhanced-sensitivity mode consumes more power than operating only the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  in the enhanced-sensitivity mode. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include a criterion that is met when a fingerprint-shaped contact is detected in the first region of the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704 . 
     In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include a criterion that is met when a fingerprint-shaped contact is detected moving at a speed below a predetermined threshold speed. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint-sensor activation criteria include a criterion that is met when a contact is detected on the touch-sensitive surface unit  3704  while a focus selector corresponding to the contact is over a fingerprint-sensitive user interface element. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 36A-36B  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 37 . For example, detection operation  3602 , determining operation  3606 , and operating operations  3614  and  3618  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Performing Operations Associated with Fingerprint Gestures 
     Many electronic devices have respective applications for performing respective operations, along with respective corresponding user interfaces and affordances. Typically, in order to have an operation performed by a device, the user launches the corresponding application (e.g., by activating a corresponding application icon) on the device so that the corresponding user interfaces and affordances are displayed. The user then activates the operation using the user interface and affordances. However, sometimes the user wants an operation performed in the moment while interacting with an unrelated application or user interface. In current methods, the user would still have to activate the application icon to launch the application, in order to perform the operation. This is time consuming and detracts from the user experience. The embodiments described below improve on these methods by associating a particular fingerprint with an operation on a device. When the user performs a gesture with that fingerprint while a user interface unrelated to the desired operation is displayed, the device performs the operation. Thus, the user can activate an operation while a user interface unrelated to the operation is displayed; the user has the ability to activate the operation quickly and efficiently, thereby improving the speed and efficiency of the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  38 A- 38 P and  39 A- 39 E optionally includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 38A-38P and 39A-39E  will be discussed with reference to touch screen  112  and optionally one or more fingerprint sensors  169 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. Analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , and optionally one or more fingerprint sensors  169  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 38A-38P  on the touch-sensitive surface  451  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 38A-38P  on the display  450 . 
       FIG. 38A  illustrates user interface  3801  displayed on touch screen  112  of a device (device  100 ). Touch screen  112  includes an integrated fingerprint sensor. In  FIG. 38A , application launch user interface  3801  that includes one or more icons for launching respective applications is displayed on touchscreen display  112 . At the device, one or more respective fingerprints are associated with respective operations. In some embodiments, the fingerprints are differentiated by hand and finger. For example, a right thumbprint is associated with a respective function or operation, and a left thumbprint is associated with another respective function or operation. In some embodiments, a camera-related function or operation (e.g., a shutter function for capturing a photo or video, displaying a camera preview) is associated with a respective fingerprint. 
     While application launch user interface  3801  is displayed on touch screen  112 , the device detects a gesture with fingerprint  3802  on touch screen  112 . Fingerprint  3802  is identified by the device as a right thumbprint. In this example, the right thumbprint is associated with display of a camera interface and a camera preview, and still image or photo capture. In response to detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3802 , the device displays camera interface  3804 , corresponding to camera module  143 , on touch screen  112 , as shown in  FIG. 38B . In some embodiments, the device displays camera preview  3806  in response to detecting fingerprint  3802  on touch screen  112  for at least a predefined amount of time. Camera interface  3804  includes camera preview  3806 . Camera preview  3806  shows content that is detected by a camera (e.g., optical sensor(s)  164 ) on the device, and previews what will be captured by the camera as a still image or video if a media capture function is activated on the device. 
     In some embodiments, fingerprints detected on touch screen  112  are identified based on comparison to previously registered features of fingerprints of users or to features associated with predefined fingerprint types. For example, fingerprint  3802  is identified as a right thumbprint through identification of fingerprint  3802  as the right thumbprint of a particular user or identification of fingerprint  3802  as a generic (i.e., without identifying that fingerprint  3802  belongs to a particular user) right thumbprint. 
     The device detects a continuation of the gesture with fingerprint  3802 , where the continuation includes an increase in the intensity of a contact corresponding to fingerprint  3802  above a predefined intensity threshold (e.g., an intensity threshold that is higher than a standard contact-detection intensity threshold), as shown in  FIG. 38C . For example, the user presses down on touch screen  112  with the contact corresponding to fingerprint  3802 . In response to detecting the intensity increase above the threshold, the device activates a shutter function, which activates a capturing of a still image or photo corresponding to camera preview  3806 . In some embodiments, the device displays an animation of representation  3808  of the captured photo moving to a film strip or camera roll for camera application  143 , as illustrated in  FIG. 38C . After the photo is captured, the device ceases displaying camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3806 , and re-displays the previously displayed user interface (e.g., application launch user interface  3801 ), as shown in  FIG. 38D . 
     In some embodiments, the device activates the shutter function for capturing content in response to detecting fingerprint  3802  continuously for longer than a respective time threshold (e.g., 2, 5, 10 seconds or any other reasonable time threshold), rather than in response to detecting an increase in the contact intensity. For example, the shutter function is activated if fingerprint  3802  in  FIG. 38B  is continuously detected, from initial detection, for longer than the time threshold. Thus, in some embodiments, even while a user interface that doesn&#39;t include an affordance for displaying a camera interface or activating a shutter function (or another operation) is displayed, a user can still activate display of a camera interface and/or a shutter function (or the another operation) with a gesture that includes a fingerprint associated with the respective operation(s). 
       FIGS. 38E-38H  illustrates another example of activating a respective operation while a user interface that does not include an affordance for activating the respective operation is displayed.  FIG. 38E  illustrates application launch user interface  3801  displayed on touch screen  112 , as in  FIG. 38A . A gesture with fingerprint  3810  is detected on touch screen  112 . Fingerprint  3810  is detected by the device to be a right thumbprint. In this example, the right thumbprint is associated with display of a camera interface and a camera preview, and video recording. In response to detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3810 , the device displays camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3812  on touch screen  112 , as shown in  FIG. 38F . Also, the device activates recording of video corresponding to camera preview  3812 . While video is being recorded, recording indicator  3813  is, optionally, displayed on touch screen  112  to indicate that recording is in progress as well as the time length of the in-progress recording.  FIG. 38G  shows the gesture with fingerprint  3810  no longer detected on touch screen  112  due to, for example, fingerprint  3810  having been lifted off touch screen  112 . In response to detecting the liftoff, the device ceases recording the video and ceases displaying camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3812 , and re-displays user interface  3801 , as shown in  FIG. 38H . 
     In some embodiments, the gesture that includes a fingerprint is specific with respect to orientation, location, and/or duration, and whether an operation associated with the fingerprint is activated depends on whether the fingerprint meets the orientation, location, and or duration requirements. For example, in some embodiments, if fingerprint  3802  is detected on touch screen  112  for less than a predefined time period, the operation is not performed. In some embodiments, if the fingerprint is detected at a location other than a predetermined location (e.g., the upper right quadrant of touch screen  112  based on the current screen orientation) on touch screen  112  (e.g., fingerprint  3814  being in the lower right quadrant ( FIG. 38I ), as opposed to fingerprint  3802  or  3810  being in the upper right quadrant), the operation is not performed. In some embodiments, if the fingerprint is detected at an orientation other than a predetermined orientation (e.g., 45°±10° degree angle from right-side-up vertical) on touch screen  112  (e.g., fingerprint  3816  being outside of the orientation angle range ( FIG. 38J ), as opposed to fingerprint  3802  or  3810  being within the orientation angle range), the operation is not performed (e.g., media is not capture, and the device does not replace display of a currently displayed user interface with the media capture user interface). 
       FIGS. 38K-38L  illustrates yet another example of activating a respective operation while a user interface that does not include an affordance for activating the respective operation is displayed.  FIG. 38K  illustrates user interface  3818  for a notes application displayed on touch screen  112 . A gesture with fingerprint  3820  is detected on touch screen  112 , and then lifted off touch screen  112  after a predefined time period. Fingerprint  3820  is detected by the device to be a right thumbprint. In this example, the right thumbprint is associated with display of a communications interface, such as a phone application user interface, email application user interface, or a messaging application user interface. In response to detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3820  and the subsequent liftoff, the device displays phone application interface  3822  on touch screen  112 , as shown in  FIG. 38L . 
     In some embodiments, multiple fingerprints are respectively associated on the device with different operations. For example, the right thumbprint is associated with still image capture and the left thumbprint is associated with video recording, an example of which is shown in  FIGS. 38M-38P .  FIG. 38M  illustrates a gesture with fingerprint  3824  detected on touch screen  112  while application launch user interface  3801  is displayed on touch screen  112 . Fingerprint  3824  is detected to be a right thumbprint. In response to detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3824 , camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3826  are displayed and a photo corresponding to camera preview  3826  is captured, as shown in  FIG. 38N . After the photo is captured, the device, optionally, ceases to display camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3826 , and re-displays the previously displayed user interface (e.g., application launch user interface  3801 ). 
       FIG. 38O  illustrates a gesture with fingerprint  3828  detected on touch screen  112  while user interface  3801  is displayed on touch screen  112 . Fingerprint  3828  is detected to be a left thumbprint. In response to detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3828 , camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3830  are displayed and video corresponding to camera preview  3830  is captured, as shown in  FIG. 38P . Video recording and display of camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3830  is, optionally, stopped when liftoff of the gesture with fingerprint  3828  is detected. After camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3830  ceases to be displayed, the device re-displays user interface  3801 . 
       FIGS. 39A-39E  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  3900  of performing operations associated with fingerprint gestures in accordance with some embodiments. The method  3900  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  3900  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  3900  provides an intuitive way to perform operations associated with fingerprint gestures. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when performing operations associated with fingerprint gestures, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to perform operations associated with fingerprint gestures faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device associates ( 3902 ) a first fingerprint with a first operation (e.g., during a fingerprint registration process assign the right thumbprint to a shutter function of a camera application). For example, in  FIGS. 38A-38D , the right thumbprint is associated with a camera shutter function. 
     The device displays ( 3904 ), on the display, a respective user interface that includes affordances for performing a plurality of operations other than the first operation (e.g., the user interface is not a user interface for performing the first operation and the user interface does not contain affordances or other user interface elements for performing the first operation). User interface  3801  displayed on touch screen  112 , as shown in  FIGS. 38A and 38E , for example, includes affordances for launching applications (e.g., application icons) but not an affordance for capturing a photo or recording video. Similarly, user interface  3818  ( FIG. 38K ) includes affordances related to note-taking (e.g., respective affordances for opening an existing note, creating a new note, deleting a note, etc.) but not an affordance related to making a phone call. In some embodiments, the respective user interface does not include ( 3906 ) a displayed control for performing the first operation. For example, user interface  3801  ( FIG. 38A or 38E ) does not include a control for capturing a photo or recording video. User interface  3818  ( FIG. 38K ) does not include a control for making a phone call or for activating display of a phone application interface. 
     In some embodiments, the respective user interface is ( 3908 ) a user interface of a first application that is not configured to perform the first operation, and the first operation is performed by a second application different from the first application. For example, user interface  3818  ( FIG. 38K ) is a user interface for a notes application (e.g., notes module  153 ), which is not configured to perform camera operations. Camera operations are performed by a camera application (e.g., camera module  143 ). In some embodiments, the respective user interface is ( 3910 ) a user interface of an application launch screen that is not configured to perform the first operation, and the first operation is performed by a respective application different from the application launch screen. For example, user interface  3801  ( FIG. 38A or 38E ) is an application launch screen not configured to perform camera operations. Camera operations are performed by a camera application (e.g., camera module  143 ). 
     While displaying the respective user interface that includes affordances for performing the plurality of operations other than the first operation, the device detects ( 3912 ) a first gesture that includes detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a tap gesture, a tap and drag gesture, a touch and hold gesture, or other predefined gesture associated with performing the first operation).  FIG. 38A , for example, shows device  100  detecting a gesture that includes fingerprint  3802  on touch screen  112 .  FIG. 38E  shows device  100  detecting a gesture that includes fingerprint  3810  on touch screen  112 .  FIG. 38K  shows device  100  detecting a gesture that includes fingerprint  3820  on touch screen  112 . 
     In some embodiments, the first gesture is an orientation-specific gesture, and detecting the orientation-specific gesture includes ( 3914 ) detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface at a predetermined orientation. For example, the operation is only performed when the device detects a gesture performed with the thumb while the thumb is at a predefined angle (e.g., at 45° compared to a primary axis of the touch-sensitive surface) or within a predefined range of angles (e.g., at 45°±5°, 10°, or 15° compared to a primary axis of the touch-sensitive surface) relative to a primary axis of the touch-sensitive surface. In contrast, in some embodiments, if the first fingerprint is not at the predefined angle or within the predefined range of angles, then the first operation is not performed (e.g., no operation is performed, or an operation associated with a currently displayed icon (or other user interface element) at the location of the first fingerprint is performed instead of the first operation). For example, in  FIGS. 38A-38C , the gesture with fingerprint  3802  is, optionally, orientation-specific, and fingerprint  3802  is detected to be within a predefined range of angles (e.g., 45°±10°) with respect to an axis parallel to a long edge of the device. In response to detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3802 , camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3806  are displayed. On the other hand, fingerprint  3816  ( FIG. 38J ) is outside of the predefined angle range, and no camera interface or camera preview is displayed in response to detection of fingerprint  3816 . 
     In some embodiments, the first gesture is a location-specific gesture, and detecting the location-specific gesture includes ( 3916 ) detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface at a predetermined location. For example, the operation is only performed when the device detects a gesture performed with the thumb while the thumb is at a predetermined location (e.g., the upper right hand corner of the touch-sensitive surface) on the touch-sensitive surface. In contrast, in some embodiments, if the first fingerprint is not at the predetermined location, then the first operation is not performed (e.g., no operation is performed, or an operation associated with a currently displayed icon (or other user interface element) at the location of the first fingerprint is performed instead of the first operation). For example, in  FIGS. 38A-38C , the gesture with fingerprint  3802  is, optionally, location-specific, and fingerprint  3802  is detected to be within the predetermined location (e.g., upper right quadrant of touch screen  112  based on current screen orientation). In response to detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3802 , camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3806  are displayed. On the other hand, fingerprint  3810  ( FIG. 38I ) is outside of the predetermined location, and no camera interface or camera preview is displayed in response to detection of fingerprint  3810 . 
     In some embodiments, the first gesture is a duration-specific gesture, and detecting the duration-specific gesture includes ( 3918 ) detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface for at least a predetermined amount of time. For example, the operation is only performed when the device detects a gesture performed with a right thumb that is present on the touch-sensitive surface for more than a predefined time period (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 seconds, or some other reasonable time period). In contrast, in some embodiments, if the first fingerprint is not detected for at least the predetermined amount of time, then the first operation is not performed (e.g., no operation is performed, or an operation associated with a currently displayed icon (or other UI element) at the location of the first fingerprint is performed instead of the first operation). For example, in  FIGS. 38A-38C , the gesture with fingerprint  3802  is, optionally, duration-specific, and fingerprint  3802  is detected on touch screen  112  for more than the predefined time period (e.g., 0.2 seconds). In response to detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3802 , camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3806  are displayed. On the other hand, in some embodiments, if fingerprint  3802  is detected on touch screen  112  for less than the predefined time period, no camera interface or camera preview is displayed in response. 
     In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface is ( 3920 ) a touchscreen display with an integrated fingerprint sensor. The devices shown in  FIGS. 38A-38P  have a touch screen (e.g., touch screen  112 ) as the touch-sensitive surface on which gestures are detected. The touch screen has, optionally, an integrated fingerprint sensor. The integrated fingerprint sensor optionally spans the area of touch screen  112 . In some embodiments touch screen  112  has a sufficiently high resolution touch sensing capability to detect ridges of fingerprints and the touch screen  112  can be used as a fingerprint sensor. 
     In some embodiments, the first fingerprint is a previously registered fingerprint (e.g., the first fingerprint is registered as a right thumb of user X, with the registration being stored in the memory of the device), and detecting the first gesture includes ( 3922 ) identifying a detected fingerprint as the first fingerprint based on a comparison between detected features of the detected fingerprint and previously registered features of the first fingerprint (e.g., the fingerprint is identified as being a thumb by matching the first fingerprint to a previously registered fingerprint of a particular user that was identified by the user as being a thumb fingerprint). For example, identification of fingerprint  3802  involves comparing fingerprint  3802  to previously registered fingerprints of users and identifying fingerprint  3802  as the particular fingerprint (e.g., right thumbprint) of a particular user. 
     In some embodiments, the first fingerprint is a predefined type of fingerprint (e.g., a “thumbprint”), and detecting the first gesture includes ( 3924 ) identifying a detected fingerprint as the first fingerprint based on a comparison between features of the detected fingerprint and features associated with the predefined type of fingerprint (e.g., the first fingerprint is identified as being a generic “thumb” without specifically identifying that the fingerprint is a particular fingerprint of a particular user). For example, identification of fingerprint  3802  involves comparing fingerprint  3802  to fingerprint features that are not user-specific (e.g., size) and identifying fingerprint  3802  as a generic finger (e.g., generic right thumb, generic left index finger, etc.). 
     In response to detecting the first gesture ( 3926 ), the device performs ( 3928 ) the first operation. For example, in  FIG. 38B , camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3806  is displayed in response to the device detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3802 . As another example, in  FIG. 38N , a photo corresponding to camera preview  3826  is captured in response to the device detecting the gesture with fingerprint  3824 . 
     In some embodiments, the first operation is performed ( 3930 ) in response to detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., the first operation is performed in response to detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface). For example, the photo capture operation in  FIG. 38N  is performed by the device in response to the device detecting fingerprint  3824 . As another example, display of camera interface  3804  and camera preview  3806  in  FIG. 38A  is performed by the device in response to the device detecting fingerprint  3802 . In some embodiments, the first operation is performed in response to detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface for more than a predetermined amount of time. 
     In some embodiments, the first operation is performed ( 3932 ) in response to detecting liftoff of the first fingerprint from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., the first operation is performed in response to detecting liftoff of the first fingerprint from the touch-sensitive surface after detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface). For example, the display of phone application interface  3822  in  FIG. 38L  is performed by the device in response to the device detecting liftoff of fingerprint  3820 . In some embodiments, the first operation is performed in response to detecting liftoff of the first fingerprint from the touch-sensitive surface after detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface for more than a predetermined amount of time. 
     In some embodiments, the first operation includes ( 3934 ) taking a photo. For example, the device in  FIGS. 38M-38N  captures a photo in response to detecting fingerprint  3824 . In some embodiments, the first operation includes ( 3936 ) recording video. For example, the device in  FIGS. 38E-38F  records video in response to detecting fingerprint  3810 . In some embodiments, the first operation includes ( 3938 ) displaying a communication interface (e.g., a user interface for a phone, email or other electronic messaging application that is a default application associated with the first fingerprint, or is an application associated with the first fingerprint by a user of the device). For example, the device in  FIGS. 38K-38L  displays phone application interface  3822  in response to detecting fingerprint  3820 . In some embodiments, the first operation includes ( 3940 ) displaying a camera interface (e.g., a user interface for a camera application for capturing photos or video). For example, the device in  FIGS. 38A-38B  displays camera interface  3804  in response to detecting fingerprint  3802 . 
     In some embodiments, while displaying ( 3942 ) the camera interface, the device determines whether media-capture criteria have been met. In accordance with a determination that the media-capture criteria have been met, the device starts to capture media with a camera. In accordance with a determination that the media-capture criteria have not been met, the device forgoes capturing media with a camera. For example, in  FIGS. 38B-38C , the device displays camera interface  3804 . While displaying camera interface  3804 , the device determines whether one or more media capture criteria are met. If the criteria are met, the device starts capturing media (e.g., one or more photos, video) with a camera (e.g., optical sensor(s)  164 ). If the criteria are not met, the device doesn&#39;t capture media. 
     In some embodiments, the media-capture criteria include ( 3944 ) a criterion that is met when a contact that corresponds to the first fingerprint has an intensity above a respective intensity threshold (e.g., the user presses down harder with the fingerprint to take a photo or start taking video while the camera preview is displayed). For example, fingerprint  3802  in  FIG. 38C  has an intensity above a respective intensity threshold (e.g., an intensity threshold that is greater than a contact-detection intensity threshold that corresponds to detecting a contact on the touch screen display  112 ), and thus meets the criteria. In response, the device captures a photo. 
     In some embodiments, the media-capture criteria include ( 3946 ) a criterion that is met when a contact that corresponds to the first fingerprint has been continuously detected for longer than a respective time threshold (e.g., the user maintains the contact on the touch-sensitive surface for a time that is longer than the respective time threshold to take a photo or to start taking video while the camera preview is displayed). For example, in  FIG. 38C , the media-capture criterion is, optionally, a fingerprint detection duration criterion rather than an intensity criterion. The duration criterion is met if fingerprint  3802  is continuously detected for longer than a respective time threshold. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting the first fingerprint for at least a predefined amount of time, the device displays ( 3948 ) a camera preview that includes a preview of media that will be captured by a camera. For example, in  FIG. 38B  the device displays camera preview  3806  in response to detecting fingerprint  3802  for at least a predefined amount of time (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 seconds, or some other reasonable time period). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the camera preview, the device detects ( 3950 ) an input corresponding to a request to capture media corresponding to the camera preview (e.g., the device detects liftoff of the first fingerprint, an increase in intensity of the fingerprint over the respective intensity threshold, or activation of a physical button associated with capturing a picture). In response to detecting ( 3952 ) the input corresponding to the request to capture media corresponding to the camera preview, the device captures ( 3954 ) a still image corresponding to the camera preview, ceases ( 3956 ) to display the camera preview, and redisplays ( 3958 ) the respective user interface. For example, in response to detecting the fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface, the device displays a camera preview. In response to detecting liftoff of the fingerprint while displaying the camera preview, the device takes a photo and ceases to display the camera preview. Thus, while a user is in the middle of using the device for a respective task (e.g., reading news, checking email, or some other task), the user is able to quickly transition to photo capture mode, take a photo, and then return to the respective task with minimal interruption. 
     For example,  FIGS. 38B-38D  illustrate the intensity of fingerprint  3802  increasing above a respective intensity threshold while camera preview  3806  is displayed. The intensity increase is a request to the device to capture media corresponding to camera preview  3806 . In response to detecting the request, the device captures a photo corresponding to camera preview  3806 , ceases displaying camera preview  3806  (along with ceasing to display camera interface  3804 ), and redisplays user interface  3801 . 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the camera preview, the device captures ( 3960 ) media (e.g., video or a series of still photos taken at predetermined intervals such as in a burst photo-capture mode) corresponding to the camera preview. In some embodiments, the device starts to capture the media in response to detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the device starts to capture the media in response to detecting a subsequent capture-initiation input such as detecting the first fingerprint on the touch sensitive surface for more than a predetermined amount of time or detecting an increase in intensity of the first fingerprint above a respective intensity threshold. For example,  FIG. 38F  shows the device recording a video corresponding to camera preview  3812 , while displaying camera preview  3812 , in response to detecting fingerprint  3810 . 
     In some embodiments, while capturing the media corresponding to the camera preview (e.g., after taking one or more photos in a series of photos or while capturing video), the device detects ( 3962 ) an input corresponding to a request to cease capturing the media (e.g., the device detects liftoff of the first fingerprint, detects an increase in intensity of the fingerprint over the respective intensity threshold, or detects activation of a physical button associated with ceasing to capture the media, or detects a tap or press and hold gesture on the touch-sensitive surface or a portion of the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to the a media capture icon). In response to detecting ( 3964 ) the input corresponding to the request to cease capturing the media, the device ceases ( 3966 ) to capture the media, ceases ( 3968 ) to display the camera preview, and redisplays ( 3970 ) the respective user interface. In some embodiments, in response to detecting the fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface, the device displays a camera preview. In response to continuing to detect the fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface for more than a predetermined amount of time, the device starts taking video, and in response to detecting liftoff of the fingerprint while displaying the camera preview, the device stops taking video and ceases to display the camera preview. Alternatively, in response to detecting the fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface, the device displays a camera preview and in response to continuing to detect the fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface for more than a predetermined amount of time, the device takes a series of multiple photos in a burst photo-capture mode, and in response to detecting liftoff of the fingerprint while displaying the camera preview, the device ceases to display the camera preview. Thus, while a user is in the middle of using the device for a respective task (e.g., reading news, checking email, or some other task), the user is able to quickly transition to video capture mode, take a video or a burst of photos, and then return to the respective task with minimal interruption. While video corresponding camera preview  3812  is being recorded ( FIG. 38F ), for example, the device detects liftoff of fingerprint  3810 . In response, the device stops recording the video ( FIG. 38G ), ceases displaying camera preview  3812  (along with ceasing to display camera interface  3804 ), and redisplays user interface  3801  ( FIG. 38H ). 
     In some embodiments, the device associates ( 3972 ) a second fingerprint different from the first fingerprint with a second operation different from the first operation (e.g., during a fingerprint registration process assign the right thumbprint to a shutter function of a camera application). The device displays ( 3976 ), on the display, the respective user interface, where the respective user interface does not include an affordance for performing the second operation (e.g., the user interface is an application launch screen or a user interface for a different application that is not a user interface for performing the second operation and the user interface does not contain affordances or other user interface elements for performing the second operation). While displaying the respective user interface, the device detects ( 3978 ) a second gesture that includes detecting the second fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface. In response to detecting the gesture that includes the second fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface, the device performs ( 3980 ) the second operation. For example, in  FIGS. 38M-38P , the right thumbprint is associated with photo capture, and the left thumbprint is associated with video recording. The device displays user interface  3801  ( FIG. 38M ), which does not include affordances for photo capture or video recording. The device captures a photo in response to detecting fingerprint  3824 , which is a right thumbprint, and records video in response to detecting fingerprint  3828 . 
     In some embodiments, the first operation is ( 3974 ) an operation associated with capturing still photos (e.g., displaying a still camera application user interface or capturing a photo), and the second operation is an operation associated with capturing video (e.g., displaying a video camera application user interface or taking a video). For example, when the user places a left thumbprint anywhere on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchscreen) of the device, the device launches a still camera application, and when the user places a right thumbprint anywhere on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchscreen) of the device, the device launches a video camera application. In some embodiments, the first operation and the second operation launch the same application but in different modes (e.g., a camera application is launched either in a still image capture mode if the device detects the gesture performed with the left thumbprint or a video capture mode if the device detects the gesture performed with the right thumbprint. For example, in  FIGS. 38M-38P , the right thumbprint is associated with photo capture, and the left thumbprint is associated with video recording. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 39A-39E  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  3900  described above with respect to  FIGS. 39A-39E . For example, the fingerprints, contacts, gestures described, and user interfaces above with reference to method  3900  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, contacts, gestures, and user interfaces described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 40  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  4000  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 40  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 40 , an electronic device  4000  includes a display unit  4002  configured to display a respective user interface that includes affordances for performing a plurality of operations other than a first operation, a touch-sensitive surface unit  4004  configured to receive gestures, optionally a fingerprint sensor unit  4006  for detecting fingerprints, and a processing unit  4008  coupled to the display unit  4002  and the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  4008  includes an associating unit  4010 , a detecting unit  4012 , a performing unit  4014 , a determining unit  4016 , a starting unit  4018 , a display enabling unit  4022 , a capturing unit  4024 , and a ceasing unit  4026 . 
     The processing unit  4008  is configured to: associate a first fingerprint with the first operation (e.g., with the associating unit  4010 ); enable display of a respective user interface that includes affordances for performing a plurality of operations other than the first operation (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4022 ); while enabling display of the respective user interface that includes affordances for performing the plurality of operations other than the first operation, detect a first gesture that includes detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004  (e.g., with the detecting unit  4012 ); and in response to detecting the first gesture, perform the first operation (e.g., with the performing unit  4014 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first operation is performed in response to detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004 . 
     In some embodiments, the first operation is performed in response to detecting liftoff of the first fingerprint from the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004 . 
     In some embodiments, the first gesture is an orientation-specific gesture, and detecting the orientation-specific gesture includes detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004  at a predetermined orientation. 
     In some embodiments, the first gesture is a location-specific gesture, and detecting the location-specific gesture includes detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004  at a predetermined location. 
     In some embodiments, the first gesture is a duration-specific gesture, and detecting the duration-specific gesture includes detecting the first fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004  for at least a predetermined amount of time. 
     In some embodiments, the respective user interface does not include a displayed control for performing the first operation. 
     In some embodiments, the respective user interface is a user interface of a first application that is not configured to perform the first operation, and the first operation is performed by a second application different from the first application. 
     In some embodiments, the respective user interface is a user interface of an application launch screen that is not configured to perform the first operation, and the first operation is performed by an respective application different from the application launch screen. 
     In some embodiments, the first operation includes taking a photo. 
     In some embodiments, the first operation includes recording video. 
     In some embodiments, the first operation includes enabling display of a communication interface. 
     In some embodiments, the first operation includes enabling display of a camera interface. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4008  is configured to, while enabling display of the camera interface: determine whether media-capture criteria have been met (e.g., with the determining unit  4016 ); in accordance with a determination that the media-capture criteria have been met, start to capture media with a camera (e.g., with the starting unit  4018  or the capturing unit  4024 ); and in accordance with a determination that the media-capture criteria have not been met, forgo capturing media with a camera (e.g., with the capturing unit  4024 ). 
     In some embodiments, the media-capture criteria include a criterion that is met when a contact that corresponds to the first fingerprint has an intensity above a respective intensity threshold. 
     In some embodiments, the media-capture criteria include a criterion that is met when a contact that corresponds to the first fingerprint has been continuously detected for longer than a respective time threshold. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4008  is configured to, in response to detecting the first fingerprint for at least a predefined amount of time, enable display of a camera preview that includes a preview of media that will be captured by a camera (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4022 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4008  is configured to: while enabling display of the camera preview, detect an input corresponding to a request to capture media corresponding to the camera preview (e.g., with the detecting unit  4012 ); and in response to detecting the input corresponding to the request to capture media corresponding to the camera preview: capture a still image corresponding to the camera preview (e.g., with the capturing unit  4024 ), cease enabling display of the camera preview (e.g., with the ceasing unit  4026 ), and re-enable display of the respective user interface (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4022 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4008  is configured to: while enabling display of the camera preview, capture media corresponding to the camera preview (e.g., with the capturing unit  4024 ); while capturing the media corresponding to the camera preview, detect an input corresponding to a request to cease capturing the media (e.g., with the detecting unit  4012 ); and in response to detecting the input corresponding to the request to cease capturing the media: cease to capture the media (e.g., with the ceasing unit  4026 ), cease enabling display of the camera preview (e.g., with the ceasing unit  4026 ), and re-enable display of the respective user interface (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4022 ). 
     In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004  is a touchscreen display with an integrated fingerprint sensor. 
     In some embodiments, the first fingerprint is a previously registered fingerprint, and detecting the first gesture includes identifying a detected fingerprint as the first fingerprint based on a comparison between detected features of the detected fingerprint and previously registered features of the first fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the first fingerprint is predefined type of fingerprint, and detecting the first gesture includes identifying a detected fingerprint as the first fingerprint based on a comparison between features of the detected fingerprint and features associated with the predefined type of fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4008  is configured to: associate a second fingerprint different from the first fingerprint with a second operation different from the first operation (e.g., with the associating unit  4010 ); enable display, on the display unit  4002 , of the respective user interface (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4022 ), wherein the respective user interface does not include an affordance for performing the second operation; while enabling display of the respective user interface, detect a second gesture that includes detecting the second fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004  (e.g., with the detecting unit  4012 ); and in response to detecting the gesture that includes the second fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4004 , perform the second operation (e.g., with the performing unit  4014 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first operation is an operation associated with capturing still photos, and the second operation is an operation associated with capturing video. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 39A-39E  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 40 . For example, detection operation  3912  and performing operation  3928  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Displaying a Respective Control for a User Interface Based on Detection of a First Fingerprint Associated with Moving the Respective Control 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces with a respective control for the user interface. The respective control (e.g., a color palate for an image editing application) is displayed on the user interface in response to a user toolbar or menu window selection with, for example, a cursor controlled by a mouse (or other peripheral device). The device described below improves on existing methods by displaying on a display a respective control for a user interface in response to detecting on a touch-sensitive surface a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control. The first fingerprint corresponds to a focus selector at a first location on the display that does not include the respective control. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  FIGS. 41A-41K and 42A-42C  includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 41A-41K and 42A-42C  will be discussed with reference to touch screen  112  and fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ); in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. Analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , and an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 41A-41K  on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 41A-41K  on display  450 . 
       FIG. 41A-41K  illustrate portable multifunction device  100  displaying a video game on user interface  4101  of touch screen  112 . In some embodiments, touch screen  112  comprises a fingerprint sensor such that device  100  is enabled to detect a fingerprint at any position on touch screen  112 .  FIGS. 41B-41F and 41H-41K  further illustrate device  100  displaying the video game in a pause mode indicated by pause symbol  4104  displayed on user interface  4101 . 
       FIG. 41A  illustrates displaying respective control  4102  (e.g., a directional pad, d-pad or joypad for directional control of an interactive object of the video game) for user interface  4101  at prior location  4102 - a . Prior location  4102 - a  is different from first location  4102 - b  in  FIGS. 41E-41H . Respective control  4102  is displayed at prior location  4102 - a  prior to detecting a first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) associated with moving respective control  4102  (e.g., fingerprint  4112  detected in  FIG. 41D ). In some embodiments, the first fingerprint corresponds to a finger that is not typically associated with manipulation of user interface objects (e.g., a user&#39;s ring or pinky finger).  FIG. 41A  further illustrates detecting fingerprint  4106  (e.g., a user&#39;s right index finger) over respective control  4102 . In response to detecting fingerprint  4106 , device  100  performs operations associated with respective control  4102 . 
       FIG. 41B  illustrates detecting first fingerprint  4108  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) associated with moving respective control  4102  at a first location on touch screen  112  while displaying respective control  4102  at prior location  4102 - a . The first location is different from the prior location and does not include respective control  4102 . 
       FIG. 41C  illustrates detecting fingerprint  4110  on touch screen  112  while respective control  4102  is not displayed on touch screen  112 . In response to detecting fingerprint  4110 , device  100  forgoes displaying respective control  4102  in accordance with a determination that fingerprint  4110  is a fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right index finger) different from the first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) and is not associated with moving respective control  4102  for user interface  4101 . 
       FIG. 41D  illustrates detecting first fingerprint  4112  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) associated with moving respective control  4102  for user interface  4101  at first position  4112 - a  on touch-sensitive surface  112 . First fingerprint  4112  corresponds to a focus selector (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact associated with fingerprint  4112  detected on the touch screen  112 ) at first location  4112 - a  on touch screen  112  that does not include respective control  4102 . 
       FIG. 41E  illustrates displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - a  on touch screen  112  in response to detecting first fingerprint  4112  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at first position  4112 - a  in  FIG. 41D . 
       FIG. 41F  illustrates detecting a dragging gesture of first fingerprint  4112  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) on touch screen  112  from first location  4112 - a  to second location  4112 - b . The second location is different from the first location and does not include respective control  4102 . 
       FIG. 41G  illustrates detecting liftoff of first fingerprint  4112  from location  4112 - a  in  FIG. 41E .  FIG. 41G  also illustrates maintaining display of respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  on touch screen  112  after detecting liftoff of first fingerprint  4112  from location  4112 - a  in  FIG. 41E .  FIG. 41G  further illustrates detecting fingerprint  4114  (e.g., a user&#39;s right index finger) over respective control  4102 . In response to detecting fingerprint  4114 , device  100  performs operations associated with respective control  4102 . 
       FIG. 41H  illustrates detecting respective fingerprint  4116  (e.g., a user&#39;s right middle finger) at a second location while displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  on touch screen  112 . The second location is different from first location  4102 - b  and does not include respective control  4102 . 
       FIG. 41I  illustrates detecting respective fingerprint  4118  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at a second location while displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  on touch screen  112 . The second location is different from first location  4102 - b  and does not include respective control  4102 . 
       FIG. 41J  illustrates ceasing to display respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  and displaying respective control  4102  at second location  4102 - c  on touch screen  112 . Respective control  4102  is displayed at second location  4102 - c  on touch screen  112  in response to detecting respective fingerprint  4112  at second location  4112 - b  in  FIG. 41F , or fingerprint  4118  in  FIG. 41I , wherein the respective fingerprint  4112  or  4118  is the first fingerprint. For example, when the respective fingerprint  4118  is dragged to the second location  4112 - b  in  FIG. 41F , respective control  4102  is displayed at second location  4102 - c  on touch screen  112 . In another example, when the device detects touchdown of the respective fingerprint  4118  at the second location in  FIG. 41I , respective control  4102  is displayed at the second location  4102 - c  on touch screen  112 . 
       FIG. 41K  illustrates maintaining display of respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  on touch screen  112  in response to detecting respective fingerprint  4116  at the second location in  FIG. 41H  and in accordance with a determination that respective fingerprint  4116  is a second fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right middle finger) that is different from the first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) and is not associated with moving respective control  4102  for user interface  4101 . 
       FIGS. 42A-42C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  4200  of displaying a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control in accordance with some embodiments. The method  4200  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and a fingerprint sensor. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  4200  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  4200  provides an intuitive way to display a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when displaying a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to display a respective control for a user interface based on detection of a first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     An electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and a fingerprint sensor displays ( 4202 ) a user interface on the display.  FIG. 41A-41K , for example, show portable multifunction device  100  displaying user interface  4101  including a video game on touch screen  112 . 
     In some embodiments, (immediately) prior to detecting a first fingerprint associated with moving a respective control for the user interface, the device displays ( 4204 ) the respective control at a prior location that is different from a first location, and in response to detecting the first fingerprint, the device ceases to display the respective control at the prior location (e.g., the device moves the respective control from the prior location to a new location in response to detecting the first fingerprint).  FIG. 41A , for example, shows device  100  displaying respective control  4102  for user interface  4101  at prior location  4102 - a , prior to detecting a first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky) associated with moving respective interface  4101 . Prior location  4102 - a  of respective control  4102  in  FIGS. 41A-41B  is different from first location  4102 - b  of respective control  4102  in  FIGS. 41E-41F .  FIG. 41B , for example, shows device  100  detecting first fingerprint  4108  at a first location.  FIG. 41E , for example, shows device  100  ceasing to display respective control  4102  at prior location  4102 - a  and displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  in response to detecting first fingerprint  4108  at the first location in  FIG. 41B . 
     In some embodiments, when the respective control is displayed at the prior location, the device responds ( 4206 ) to inputs corresponding to the prior location by performing operations associated with the respective control. Additionally, in some embodiments, when the respective control is displayed at the prior location, the device responds to inputs corresponding to the first location by performing operations (e.g., scrolling, selecting, etc.) that are not associated with the respective control (or, optionally by not performing any operations if the inputs do not correspond to other operations in the user interface).  FIG. 41A , for example, shows device  100  performing operations associated with respective control  4102  in response to detecting fingerprint  4106  (e.g., a user&#39;s right index finger) over respective control  4102  while respective control  4102  is displayed at prior location  4102 - a . In one example, device  100  changes direction of an interactive object of the video game (e.g., vehicle  4103 ) on user interface  4101  in accordance with the location of fingerprint  4106  over respective control  4102  corresponding to a downward direction. 
     The device detects ( 4208 ) the first (predetermined) fingerprint associated with moving (e.g., relocating on the display) the respective control for the user interface on the touch-sensitive surface, where the first fingerprint corresponds to a focus selector at a first location on the display that does not include the respective control.  FIG. 41D , for example, shows device  100  detecting first fingerprint  4112  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at first location  4112 - a  on touch screen  112  that does not include respective control  4102 . In  FIG. 41D , for example, device  100  is not displaying respective control  4102  on touch screen  112 . In some embodiments, the respective control corresponds to a hidden control for a user interface (e.g., directional controls for a video game, audio controls for a media playback application, a color palate or cropping tools for an image editing application, navigation controls for a web browser application, etc.). 
     In some embodiments, the respective control is ( 4210 ) a directional control pad for a video game (e.g., soft-joystick, virtual d-pad/directional pad/joypad). For example, when the device detects contacts interacting with the directional control pad (and the contacts do not include the first fingerprint), the device performs corresponding operations associated with the directional control pad, such as navigating through a user interface or changing the direction of motion or view of a vehicle or character in a video game.  FIGS. 41A-41B and 41E-41K , for example, show device  100  displaying respective control  4102  which is a directional control for the video game displayed on touch screen  112 . 
     In response to detecting the first fingerprint, the device displays ( 4212 ) the respective control at the first location on the display.  FIG. 41E , for example, shows device  100  displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  on touch screen  112  in response to detecting first fingerprint  4108  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at the first location in  FIG. 41B , or first fingerprint  4112  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at first location  4112 - a  in  FIG. 41D . 
     In some embodiments, when the respective control is displayed at the first location, the device responds ( 4214 ) to inputs corresponding to the first location by performing operations associated with the respective control. Additionally, in some embodiments, when the respective control is displayed at the first location, the device responds to inputs corresponding to the prior location by performing operations (e.g., scrolling, selecting, etc.) that are not associated with the respective control (or, optionally by not performing any operations if the inputs do not correspond to other operations in the user interface).  FIG. 41G , for example, shows device  100  performing operations associated with respective control  4102  in response to detecting fingerprint  4114  (e.g., a user&#39;s right index finger) over respective control  4102  while respective control  4102  is displayed at first location  4102 - b . In one example, device  100  changes direction of an interactive object of the video game (e.g., vehicle  4103 ) on user interface  4101  in accordance with the location of fingerprint  4114  over respective control  4102  corresponding to a left direction. 
     In some embodiments, the respective control is not displayed ( 4216 ) on the display (immediately) prior to detecting the first fingerprint.  FIG. 41D , for example, shows device  100  not displaying respective control  4102  on touch screen  112  prior to detecting first fingerprint  4112  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at first location  4112 - a.    
     In some embodiments, the display is ( 4218 ) a touch-screen display, and the first location at which the respective control is displayed corresponds to a location of the first fingerprint on the touch-screen display.  FIGS. 41A-41K , for example, show portable multifunction device  100  with touch screen  112  which is a touch-sensitive display surface or a touch-screen display. Furthermore,  FIG. 41E , for example, shows device  100  displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  corresponding to the location of first fingerprint  4108  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at the first location in  FIG. 41B  on touch screen  112 , or first fingerprint  4112  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at first location  4112 - a  in  FIG. 41D  on touch screen  112 . 
     In some embodiments, the device displays ( 4220 ) the respective control at the first location on the display in response to detecting the first fingerprint while the device is in a normal mode of operation that is not associated with reconfiguring the user interface of the device (e.g., the respective control first appears or is moved on the display while the device is not in a separate reconfiguration mode).  FIG. 41G , for example, shows device  100  displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  on touch screen  112  while device  100  is in a normal mode of operation (e.g., video game play mode) that is not associated with reconfiguring user interface  4101  of device  100 . 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 4222 ) liftoff of the first fingerprint, and after detecting liftoff of the first fingerprint, the device maintains ( 4224 ) display of the respective control at the first location on the display. For example, the respective control is permanently or semi-permanently moved to the first location until the user moves the respective control again by placing the first fingerprint at another location on the touch-sensitive surface.  FIG. 41G , for example, shows device  100  detecting liftoff of first fingerprint  4112  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) from first location  4112 - a  in  FIG. 41E .  FIG. 41G , for example, further shows device  100  maintaining display of respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  on touch screen  112  after detecting liftoff of first fingerprint  4112  from first location  4112 - a  in  FIG. 41E . 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the respective control at the first location on the display, the device detects ( 4226 ) a respective fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to a focus selector at a second location on the display, where the second location is different from the first location and does not include the respective control. In some embodiments, when the respective fingerprint is the first fingerprint, detecting the first fingerprint at the second location includes detecting a dragging gesture performed with the first fingerprint that corresponds to movement from the first location to the second location. In some embodiments, when the respective fingerprint is the first fingerprint, detecting the first fingerprint at the second location includes detecting a tap gesture performed with the first fingerprint at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the second location on the display. 
       FIG. 41F , for example, shows device  100  detecting a dragging gesture of respective fingerprint  4112  from first location  4112 - a  to second location  4112 - b  that does not include respective control  4102 , while displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b . In this example, respective fingerprint  4112  is the first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger).  FIG. 41H , for example, shows device  100  detecting respective fingerprint  4116  (e.g., a user&#39;s right middle finger) at a second location that does not include respective control  4102  and is different from first location  4112 - a  of first fingerprint  4112  in  FIG. 41D , while displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b . In this example, respective fingerprint  4116  is a second fingerprint (e.g., the user&#39;s right middle finger) different from the first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger).  FIG. 41I , for example, shows device  100  detecting respective fingerprint  4118  (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) at a second location that does not include respective control  4102  and is different from first location  4112 - a  of first fingerprint  4112  in  FIG. 41D , while displaying respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b . In this example, respective fingerprint  4118  is the first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger). 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting ( 4228 ) the respective fingerprint and in accordance with a determination that the respective fingerprint is the first (predetermined) fingerprint associated with moving (e.g., relocating on the display) the respective control for the user interface on the touch-sensitive surface, the device: ceases ( 4230 ) to display the respective control at the first location on the display; and displays ( 4232 ) the respective control at the second location on the display (e.g., in response to detecting a subsequent input with the first fingerprint, the respective control is moved to a different location on the display).  FIG. 41J , for example, shows device  100  ceasing to display respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b  and displaying respective control  4102  at second location  4102 - c . In this example, device  100  performs the aforementioned operations in response to detecting respective fingerprint  4112  at second location  4112 - b  in  FIG. 41F , or respective fingerprint  4118  at the second location in  FIG. 41I , and in accordance with a determination that respective fingerprint  4112  or  4118  is the first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) associated with moving respective control  4102 . 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting the respective fingerprint and in accordance with a determination that the respective fingerprint is a second fingerprint that is different from the first fingerprint and is not associated with moving (e.g., relocating on the display) the respective control for the user interface on the touch-sensitive surface, the device maintains ( 4234 ) display of the respective control at the first location on the display. The device also, optionally, performs an operation associated with the second location on the display that is not an operation corresponding to the respective control (e.g., if the gesture performed with the second fingerprint is a gesture for interacting with an icon or other user interface element displayed at the second location on the display).  FIG. 41K , for example, shows device  100  maintaining display of respective control  4102  at first location  4102 - b . In this example, device  100  performs the aforementioned operation in response to detecting respective fingerprint  4116  at second location in  FIG. 41H  and in accordance with a determination that respective fingerprint  4116  is a second fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right middle finger) different from the first fingerprint (e.g., a user&#39;s right pinky finger) and is not associated with moving respective control  4102 . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 42A-42C  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  4200  described above with respect to  FIGS. 42A-42C . For example, the fingerprints, user interface objects, focus selectors described above with reference to method  4200  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, user interface objects, focus selectors described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 43  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  4300  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 43  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 43 , an electronic device  4300  includes a display unit  4302  configured to display a graphic user interface, a touch-sensitive surface unit  4304  configured to receive one or more contacts, a fingerprint sensor unit  4306 ; and a processing unit  4308  coupled to the display unit  4302 , the touch-sensitive surface unit  4304 , and the fingerprint sensor unit  4306 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  4308  includes a display enabling unit  4310 , a detecting unit  4312 , a performing unit  4314  and a determining unit  4316 . 
     The processing unit  4308  is configured to detect (e.g., with the detecting unit  4312 ) a first fingerprint associated with moving a respective control for the user interface on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4304 , where the first fingerprint corresponds to a focus selector at a first location on the display unit  4302  that does not include the respective control. In response to detecting the first fingerprint, the processing unit  4308  is configured to enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) of the respective control at the first location on the display unit  4302 . 
     In some embodiments, the respective control is not displayed on the display unit  4302  prior to detecting the first fingerprint. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4308  is configured to: enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) of the respective control at a prior location that is different from the first location, prior to detecting the first fingerprint; and in response to detecting the first fingerprint, cease display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) of the respective control at the prior location. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4308  is configured to: when the respective control is displayed at the prior location, respond to inputs corresponding to the prior location by performing (e.g., with the performing unit  4314 ) operations associated with the respective control; and when the respective control is displayed at the first location, respond to inputs corresponding to the first location by performing (e.g., with the performing unit  4314 ) operations associated with the respective control. 
     In some embodiments, the display unit  4302  is a touch-screen display unit, and the first location at which the respective control is displayed corresponds to a location of the first fingerprint on the touch-screen display unit. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4308  is further configured to: detect (e.g., with the detecting unit  4312 ) liftoff of the first fingerprint; and after detecting liftoff of the first fingerprint, maintain display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) of the respective control at the first location on the display unit  4302 . 
     In some embodiments, processing unit  4308  is further configured to: while displaying (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) the respective control at the first location on the display unit  4302 , detect (e.g., with the detecting unit  4312 ) a respective fingerprint on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4304  that corresponds to a focus selector at a second location on the display unit  4302 , where the second location is different from the first location and does not include the respective control; and in response to detecting the respective fingerprint, in accordance with a determination (e.g., with the determining unit  4316 ) that the respective fingerprint is the first fingerprint associated with moving the respective control for the user interface on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4304 : cease to display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) the respective control at the first location on the display unit  4302 ; and enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) of the respective control at the second location on the display unit  4302 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4308  is further configured to maintain display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) of the respective control at the first location on the display unit  4302 , in response to detecting the respective fingerprint and in accordance with a determination (e.g., with the determining unit  4316 ) that the respective fingerprint is a second fingerprint that is different from the first fingerprint and is not associated with moving the respective control for the user interface on the touch-sensitive surface unit  4304 . 
     In some embodiments, the respective control is a directional control pad for a video game. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4308  is configured to enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  4310 ) of the respective control at the first location on the display unit  4302  in response to detecting the first fingerprint while the device is in a normal mode of operation that is not associated with reconfiguring the user interface of the device. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 42A-42C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 43 . For example, displaying operations  4204  and  4212 , detecting operations  4204  and  4222 , and performing operation  4210  and  4214  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Configuring an Electronic Device as an Auxiliary Display 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that display content and allow the user to interact with the device. Sometimes, the user may want to expand the graphical user interface beyond a display integrated in, or connected to, the device itself. For example, a user operating a desktop or laptop computer with a built-in or external display optionally connects a second electronic device or external display to the CPU through a cable, and then configure the second display to expand the graphical user interface from the first display onto the second display. Likewise, a user operating a portable multifunction electronic device (e.g., a smart phone, tablet computer, or digital planner) optionally connects (e.g., via wired or wireless connection) the portable device to a base computer to more easily configure the device, transfer files onto or off of the portable device, etc. In this fashion, the effective size of the graphical user interface is increased, improving the user&#39;s ability to interact with the device. However, current methods for configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device require opening menus and sub-menus and/or multiple gestures and button presses to configure the display of the second device, which can be confusing and/or time consuming for the user. Accordingly, there is a need to provide methods and user interfaces that enable to the user to more efficiently and conveniently configure a second electronic device as an auxiliary display for a first electronic device. 
     The embodiments described below provide improved methods and user interfaces for configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device. More specifically, according to some embodiments described below, methods and user interfaces are provided that allow a user to configure a second device as an auxiliary display for a first device by merely touching a fingerprint sensor on each device. In some embodiments, the methods and user interfaces correlate a respective fingerprint identity from a touch on the first device to a respective fingerprint identity from a touch on the second device, and automatically configure the second device as an auxiliary display for the first device. Alternatively, in some embodiments, upon detection of the first and second fingerprints, the user is prompted to confirm the configuration of the second device as an auxiliary display for the first device. In some embodiments described below, the orientation of the touch on the first and/or second electronic device determines the orientation of content displayed on the auxiliary display. In some embodiments, the identity of the fingerprint touch on the first and/or second device determines the direction in which the user interface of the first display is expanded onto the auxiliary display. For example, in some embodiments, where the user touches the first device with their left hand and touches the second device with their right hand, the user interface is expanded to the right on the auxiliary display, and vise versa. Advantageously, the methods and user interfaces described below simplify the process of configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first device by reducing the number of required steps. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  44 A- 44 EE and  45 A- 45 D includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated into the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 44A-44EE and 45A-45D  will be discussed with reference to display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  and a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 44A-44EE  on the integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 44A-44EE  on the display  450 . Additionally, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a touch screen  112  in response to detecting the contacts described in  FIGS. 44A-44EE  on a fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ) while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 44A-44EE  on the touch screen  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of cursor  4422 . 
       FIGS. 44A-44J  illustrate two electronic devices (e.g., multifunction devices  100 - 1  and  100 - 2 ), each having a touch screen  112  with a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges, allowing them to be used as fingerprint sensors. Multifunction devices  100 - 1  and  100 - 2  are also illustrated as having separate fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, each of multifunction devices  100 - 1  and  100 - 2  independently have a touch screen  112  that can be used as a fingerprint sensor, a separate fingerprint sensor  169 , or both. 
       FIGS. 44A-44F  illustrate various embodiments where first multifunction device  100 - 1  detects a first fingerprint  4402  and second multifunction device  100 - 2  detects a second fingerprint  4403  concurrently with, or after detection of first fingerprint  4402  (e.g., the fingerprints are detected simultaneously, substantially simultaneously, or in close temporal proximity). Multifunction device  100 - 2  communicates to multifunction device  100 - 1  with information that second fingerprint  4403  was detected. When predefined criteria are met by fingerprints  4402  and  4403 , multifunction device  100 - 1  responds to multifunction device  100 - 2  with information that enables multifunction device  100 - 2  to be configured as an auxiliary display for multifunction device  100 - 1 . When predetermined criteria are not met by the detection of fingerprints  4402  and  4403 , multifunction device  100 - 2  is not configured as an auxiliary display for multifunction device  100 - 1 . 
       FIGS. 44A-44D  illustrate an embodiment where the predefined criteria includes a criterion that the fingerprints  4402  and  4403  detected by both devices are registered to the same user. In  FIG. 44A , multifunction device  100 - 1  displays a first user interface that includes map  4404 - 1  of the United States, while multifunction device  100 - 2  displays a second user interface including application launch screen  4406 . In  FIG. 44B , multifunction device  100 - 1  detects first fingerprint  4402 , corresponding to the left index (LI) finger of a user, and multifunction device  100 - 2  detects second fingerprint  4403 , corresponding to the right index (RI) finger of a user. Multifunction device  100 - 2  communicates to multifunction device  100 - 1  that second fingerprint  4403  was detected and, optionally, additional information about the contact (e.g., the identity of the fingerprint). 
     In  FIG. 44C , where fingerprints  4402  and  4403  correspond to the same user (e.g., fingerprint  4402  is from the left index finger of user 1 and fingerprint  4403  is from the right index finger of user 1), the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112  of multifunction device  100 - 1  is extended onto multifunction device  100 - 2 , such that map  4404  of the United States is displayed on touch screens  112  of both multifunction devices (e.g., the western United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  and the eastern United States is displayed as map  4404 - 2  on touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 ), because the predefined criteria were satisfied (e.g., both fingerprints  4402  and  4403  were identified as belonging to the same user). 
     In  FIG. 44D , where fingerprints  4405  and  4407  correspond to different users (e.g., fingerprint  4405  is from the left index finger of user 1 and fingerprint  4407  is from the right index finger of user 2), the first user interface is not extended onto multifunction device  100 - 2  (e.g., touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  still displays the first user interface that includes map  4404 - 1  and touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2  still displays application launch screen  4406 ), because the predefined criteria were not satisfied (e.g., fingerprints  4405  and  4407  were identified as belonging to different users). 
       FIGS. 44E-44F  illustrate an embodiment where the predefined criteria includes a criterion that the second fingerprint (e.g., fingerprints  4411  and  4415  in  FIGS. 44E and 44F , respectively) is detected within a predetermined period of time after detection of the first fingerprint (e.g., fingerprints  4409  and  4413  in  FIGS. 44E and 44F , respectively), for example the second contact must occur within 5 seconds after the first contact is detected. For example, in  FIG. 44E , multifunction device  100 - 1  detects first fingerprint  4409  at a first time (e.g., defined as time 0) and multifunction device  100 - 2  detects second fingerprint  4411  at a second time  4410 , after the first time and prior to a predetermined time  4408 . Multifunction device  100 - 2  communicates to multifunction device  100 - 1  that second fingerprint  4411  was detected and, optionally, additional information about the contact (e.g., the time at which it was detected). The first user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  is extended onto multifunction device  100 - 2 , such that map  4404  of the United States is displayed on touch screens  112  of both multifunction devices (e.g., the western United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112  of multifunction device  100 - 1  and the eastern United States is displayed as map  4404 - 2  on touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 ), because the predetermined criteria were satisfied (e.g., second fingerprint  4411  was detected within five seconds of the detection of first fingerprint  4409 ). In contrast, in  FIG. 44F , multifunction device  100 - 1  detects first fingerprint  4413  at a first time (e.g., defined as time 0) and multifunction device  100 - 2  detects second fingerprint  4415  at a second time  4459 , after the first time and after a predetermined time  4408 . Multifunction device  100 - 2  communicates to multifunction device  100 - 1  that second fingerprint  4415  was detected and, optionally, additional information about the contact (e.g., the time at which it was detected). The first user interface is not extended onto multifunction device  100 - 2  (e.g., touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  still displays the first user interface that includes map  4404 - 1  and touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2  still displays application launch screen  4406 ), because the predefined criteria were not satisfied (e.g., second fingerprint  4415  was not detected within five seconds of the detection of first fingerprint  4413 ). 
       FIGS. 44G-44H  illustrate various embodiment where user confirmation of the request to configure the second device as an auxiliary display is required. In  FIGS. 44G-44H , multifunction device  100 - 1  and multifunction device  100 - 2  detect fingerprint  4417  and  4419 , respectively. Multifunction device  100 - 2  communicates to multifunction device  100 - 1  with information that second fingerprint  4419  was detected. When predefined criteria are otherwise met by the detection of fingerprints  4417  and  4419 , the user of second multifunction device  100 - 2  (as illustrated in  FIG. 44G ) and/or the user of first multifunction device  100 - 1  (as illustrated in  FIG. 44H ) is prompted (e.g., by display of prompt  4412  on touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2  in  FIG. 44G  or by display of prompt  4421  on touch screen  112 - 1  on multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44H ) to confirm that second multifunction device  100 - 2  should be configured as an auxiliary display (e.g., the user has to verify that a request to connect to Abraham&#39;s and/or Mary Todd&#39;s iPhone has been made). Upon receiving confirmation of the request, the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112  of multifunction device  100 - 1  is extended onto multifunction device  100 - 2 , such that map  4404  of the United States is displayed on touch screens  112  of both multifunction devices (e.g., the western United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  and the eastern United States is displayed as map  4404 - 2  on touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 , as illustrated in  FIGS. 44C and 44E ). 
       FIGS. 44I-44J  illustrate an embodiment where an orientation of a fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  4427  and/or fingerprint  4429 ) determines the orientation of the user display on the auxiliary display. In  FIG. 44I , multifunction device  100 - 1  detects first fingerprint  4427 , having a first orientation substantially parallel with the long axis of the device. Multifunction device  100 - 2  detects second fingerprint  4429 , having a second orientation substantially perpendicular to the long axis of the device. Multifunction device  100 - 2  communicates to multifunction device  100 - 1  with information that second contact  4429  was detected and, optionally, additional information about the contact (e.g., the orientation of the contact). When predefined criteria are otherwise met by detection of fingerprints  4427  and  4429 , the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  is extended onto touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2  in a landscape orientation corresponding to the orientation of second fingerprint  4429  relative to the long axis of the device, such that map  4404  of the United States is displayed on touch screens  112  of both multifunction devices (e.g., the western United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  and the eastern United States is displayed as map  4404 - 2  on touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 ), as illustrated in  FIG. 44J . 
       FIGS. 44K-44P  illustrate three electronic devices (e.g., multifunction devices  100 - 1 ,  100 - 2 , and  100 - 3 ), each having a fingerprint sensor  169 . Various embodiments are illustrated in  FIGS. 44K-44P  where the identity of a fingerprint determines the direction in which a user interface displayed on a first electronic device is expanded onto the second electronic device. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44K-44N , the hand from which the finger corresponding to second fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  4437  in  FIGS. 44K-44L  or fingerprint  4441  in  FIGS. 44M-44M ) belongs determines the direction in which the user interface is expanded with the auxiliary display. For example, in  FIG. 44K , fingerprint  4435 , corresponding to the user&#39;s left index (LI) finger, is detected by fingerprint sensor  169 - 1  on first multifunction device  100 - 1 . Fingerprint  4437 , corresponding to the user&#39;s right index (RI) finger, is detected by fingerprint sensor  169 - 2  on second multifunction device  100 - 2 . In response, as illustrated in  FIG. 44L , when predefined criteria are otherwise met by the detection of fingerprints  4435  and  4437 , the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  is extended to the right onto touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 , such that map  4404  of the United States is displayed on touch screens  112  of both multifunction devices (e.g., the central United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  and the eastern seaboard of the United States is displayed as map  4404 - 2  on touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 ), because the right index finger is located on the user&#39;s right hand. Similarly, as illustrated in  FIG. 44M , fingerprint  4439 , corresponding to the user&#39;s right index (RI) finger, is detected by fingerprint sensor  169 - 1  on first multifunction device  100 - 1 . Fingerprint  4441 , corresponding to the user&#39;s left index (LI) finger, is detected by fingerprint sensor  169 - 3  on second multifunction device  100 - 3 . In response, as illustrated in  FIG. 44N , when predefined criteria are otherwise met by the detection of fingerprints  4439  and  4441 , the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  is extended to the left onto touch screen  112 - 3  of multifunction device  100 - 3 , such that map  4404  of the United States is displayed on touch screens  112  of both multifunction devices (e.g., the central United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  and the west coast of the United States is displayed as map  4404 - 3  on touch screen  112 - 3  of multifunction device  100 - 3 ), because the left index finger is located on the user&#39;s left hand. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44O-44P , the order on the user&#39;s hands, of the finger corresponding to the second fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  4444 ) relative to the finger corresponding to the first fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  4443 ) determines the direction in which the user interface is expanded with the auxiliary display. For example, in  FIG. 44O , fingerprint  4443 , corresponding to the user&#39;s right ring (RR) finger, is detected by fingerprint sensor  169 - 1  on first multifunction device  100 - 1 . Fingerprint  4444 , corresponding to the user&#39;s right index (RI) finger, is detected by fingerprint sensor  169 - 2  on second multifunction device  100 - 2 . In response, as illustrated in  FIG. 44P , when predefined criteria are otherwise met by the detection of fingerprints  4443  and  4444 , the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  is extended to the left onto touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 , such that map  4404  of the United States is displayed on touch screens  112  of both multifunction devices (e.g., the central United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  and the west coast of the United States is displayed as map  4404 - 2  on touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 ), because the right index finger is located to the user&#39;s left of the right ring finger on the user&#39;s hands. 
       FIGS. 44Q-44EE  illustrate two electronic devices (e.g., multifunction devices  100 - 1  and  100 - 2 ), each having a touch screen  112  with a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges, allowing them to be used as fingerprint sensors. Multifunction devices  100 - 1  and  100 - 2  are also illustrated as having separate fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, each of multifunction devices  100 - 1  and  100 - 2  independently have a touch screen  112  that can be used as a fingerprint sensor, a separate fingerprint sensor  169 , or both. In  FIGS. 44Q-44T , various embodiments are illustrated where second multifunction device  100 - 2 , while configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 , displays a set of user interface elements associated with an application that is active on first multifunction device  100 - 1 . 
     In  FIG. 44Q , multifunction device  100 - 1  displays a first user interface that includes map  4404 - 1  of the United States, corresponding to an active photo display application. Multifunction device  100 - 2  displays a second user interface including application launch screen  4406 . Upon detection of qualifying fingerprints  4445  and  4446  (e.g., fingerprints that meet the predefined auxiliary-display criteria), second multifunction device  100 - 2  is configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 44R , while configured as an auxiliary display, touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2  displays user interface elements  4414 ,  4416 , and  4447  that are associated with the photo display application active on first multifunction device  100 - 1  (e.g., toolbars  4414  and  4447  and drop-down menu  4416 ). 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44S-44T , the user interface elements displayed on the auxiliary display are controls for performing operations in the application active on the first display. In  FIG. 44S , second multifunction device  100 - 2 , configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 , detects contact  4430  at a position on touch screen  112 - 2  corresponding to a control for displaying photo albums (e.g., user interface menu element  4414 - b ) in the photo display application active on multifunction device  100 - 1 . In response to detecting contact  4430  on second multifunction device  100 - 2 , the user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1  is changed from displaying map  4404 - 1  of the United States to displaying launch icons  4432  for photo albums (e.g., icons representing photo albums “Flowers”  4432 - 1 , “Outer Space”  4432 - 2 , “Vacation”  4432 - 3 , and “Winter”  4432 - 4 ), as illustrated in  FIG. 44T  (e.g., the mode of the photo display application is changed from displaying locations where pictures were taken to displaying photo albums compiled by a user). Additionally, in response to detecting contact  4430  on second multifunction device  100 - 2 , touch screen  112 - 2  of multifunction device  100 - 2 , configured to as an auxiliary display for multifunction device  100 - 1 , displays drop-down menu  4448  corresponding to controls for performing functions relating to the photo albums represented by launch icons  4432  displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1 . 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44U-44V , the user interface elements displayed on the auxiliary display include a portion of a workspace that was expanded from the display of the first device. In  FIG. 44U , multifunction device  100 - 1  displays a first user interface that includes workspace  4417 - 1  of an active word processing application. Multifunction device  100 - 2  displays a second user interface including application launch screen  4406 . Upon detection of qualifying fingerprints  4449  and  4450  (e.g., fingerprints that meet the predefined auxiliary-display criteria), second multifunction device  100 - 2  is configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 44V , the first user interface is expanded with the auxiliary display to create a continuous workspace  4417  spanning touch screens  112  of multifunction devices  100 - 1  and  100 - 2 . For example, when second multifunction device  100 - 2  is configured as an auxiliary display, the word “ago” (e.g., user interface object  4418 - 1 ), displayed on the second line of text  4418  on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44U , moves onto line  1  of workspace  4417 - 2  (e.g., the portion of continuous workspace  4417  displayed on the auxiliary display) on touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2  in  FIG. 44V . 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44W-44Y , while the second electronic device is configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device, inputs corresponding to interactions with user interface elements are received by the second device and operations associated with an active application are performed on the first device. For example, in  FIG. 44W , multifunction device  100 - 1  displays a first user interface that includes map  4404 - 1  of the United States, corresponding to an active photo display application. Multifunction device  100 - 2  displays a second user interface including application launch screen  4406 . Upon detection of qualifying fingerprints  4451  and  4452  (e.g., fingerprints that meet the predefined auxiliary-display criteria), second multifunction device  100 - 2  is configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 44X , while configured as an auxiliary display, touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2  displays user interface  4420 , which includes the same view of the United States (e.g., as map  4453 - 2 ) as displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1  (e.g., instead of extending the display of map  4404 - 1  on first multifunction device  100 - 1 , second multifunction device  100 - 2  mirrors the display of first multifunction device  100 - 1 ). Second multifunction device  100 - 2  detects a gesture including movement  4426  of contact  4424 , corresponding to focus selector  4422  displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1 , from position  4424 - a  in  FIG. 44X  to position  4424 - b  in  FIG. 44Y . In response, first multifunction device  100 - 1  displays movement of focus selector  4422  from position  4422 - a  in  FIG. 44X  to position  4422 - b  in  FIG. 44Y . 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44Z-44BB , while the second electronic device is configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device, operational data from the second device, specifying operations corresponding to interactions with user interface elements on the auxiliary display associated with an active application on the first device, is received and performed by the first device. For example, in  FIG. 44Z , multifunction device  100 - 1  displays a first user interface that includes keyboard  4428 - 1 , corresponding to an active piano application. Multifunction device  100 - 2  displays a second user interface including application launch screen  4406 . Upon detection of qualifying fingerprints  4455  and  4456  (e.g., fingerprints that meet the predefined auxiliary-display criteria), second multifunction device  100 - 2  is configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 44AA , while configured as an auxiliary display, touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2  displays an extension of keyboard  4428  (e.g., keyboard  4428 - 2 , corresponding to a second octave of tones on the keyboard). In  FIG. 44BB , second multifunction device  100 - 2  detects contact  4430  at a position on touch screen  112 - 2  corresponding to the display of piano key  4457  (e.g., the “E” key). Second multifunction device  100 - 2  processes contact  4430  to determine that an operation including generating sound at a pitch corresponding to “E” key  4457  should be performed. First multifunction device  100 - 1  receives a communication from second multifunction device  100 - 2  that includes operational data relating to generating sound at the pitch corresponding to “E” key  4457 , and generates sound  4429  according to the operational data received from second multifunction device  100 - 2 . In some embodiments, instead of sending the communication to First multifunction device  100 - 1 , Second multifunction device  100 - 2  generates a sound at the pitch corresponding to “E” key  4457 . 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44CC-44EE , while the second electronic device is configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device, corresponding gestures performed on touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screens  112 ) of each respective device causes a user interface object associated with an active application on the first device to move between the display of the first device and the display of the second device. For example, in  FIG. 44CC , multifunction device  100 - 1  displays a first user interface that includes launch icons  4432  for photo albums (e.g., icons representing photo albums “Flowers”  4432 - 1 , “Outer Space”  4432 - 2 , “Vacation”  4432 - 3 , and “Winter”  4432 - 4 ), corresponding to an active photo display application. Multifunction device  100 - 2  displays a second user interface including application launch screen  4406 . Upon detection of qualifying fingerprints  4460  and  4462  (e.g., fingerprints that meet the predefined auxiliary-display criteria), second multifunction device  100 - 2  is configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 44DD , the first user interface is expanded with the auxiliary display to display launch icons  4432  for additional photo albums (e.g., icons representing photo albums “Desert”  4432 - 5  and “Wedding”  4432 - 6 ) on touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2 . First multifunction device  100 - 1  detects a first gesture including movement  4438  of contact  4436  on touch screen  112 - 1  from position  4436 - a  in  FIG. 44DD , corresponding to the display of launch icon  4432 - 4 , to position  4436 - b  in  FIG. 44EE . Second multifunction device  100 - 2  detects a second gesture including movement  4442  of contact  4440  on touch screen  112 - 2  from position  4440 - a  to position  4440 - b  in  FIG. 44EE . In response, the display of launch icon  4432 - 4  is moved from position  4436 - a  on touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44DD  to position  4440 - b  on touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2  in  FIG. 44EE . 
       FIGS. 45A-45D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  4500  of configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. The method  4500  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  4500  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  4500  provides an intuitive way to configure a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when configuring a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to configure a second electronic device as an auxiliary display of a first electronic device faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, a first electronic device with a fingerprint sensor and a display detects ( 4502 ) a first fingerprint on a fingerprint sensor of a first electronic device at a first time, where the first fingerprint is registered to a respective user. For example,  FIGS. 44B, 44D-44K, 44M, 44O, 44Q, 44U, 44W, 44Z, and 44CC  illustrate various embodiments where multifunction device  100 - 1  detects a first fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  4402 ,  4405 ,  4409 ,  4413 ,  4417 ,  4423 ,  4427 ,  4431 ,  4435 ,  4439 ,  4443 ,  4445 ,  4449 ,  4451 ,  4455 , or  4460 ) on fingerprint sensor  169 - 1  or touch screen  112 - 1  having a spatial resolution that is high enough to detect fingerprint features formed by individual fingerprint ridges, allowing it to be used as a fingerprint sensor. 
     The first electronic device receives ( 4504 ) a communication from a second electronic device, distinct from the first electronic device, that includes information indicating that a second fingerprint was detected on a fingerprint sensor of the second device at a second time. For example,  FIGS. 44B, 44D-44K, 44M, 44O, 44Q, 44U, 44W, 44Z, and 44CC  illustrate various embodiments where multifunction device  100 - 2  or  100 - 3  detects a second fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  4403 ,  4407 ,  4411 ,  4415 ,  4419 ,  4425 ,  4429 ,  4433 ,  4437 ,  4441 ,  4444 ,  4446 ,  4450 ,  4452 ,  4456 , or  4462 ) on fingerprint sensor  169 - 2  or  169 - 3 , or on touch screen  112 - 2  or  112 - 3  and communicates information to multifunction device  100 - 1  that the second fingerprint was detected and, optionally, additional characterizing information about the contact (e.g., an identity of the fingerprint, a time the fingerprint was detected, or an orientation of the fingerprint). 
     In response ( 4506 ) to detecting the first fingerprint and receiving the communication from the second electronic device: the first electronic device determines ( 4508 ) whether predefined auxiliary-display criteria have been met, where the auxiliary-display criteria include a criterion that is met when the second fingerprint is registered to the respective user. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 44C , because fingerprints  4402  and  4403  are registered to the same user (e.g., user “1”), the auxiliary-display criterion is satisfied. In contrast, as illustrated in  FIG. 44D , because fingerprints  4405  and  4407  are registered to different users (e.g., users “1” and “2,” respectively), the auxiliary-display criterion is not satisfied. 
     In some embodiments, the auxiliary-display criteria include ( 4510 ) a criterion that is met when the first time is within a predefined time of the second time. For example, the second device is used as an auxiliary display when the first fingerprint and the second fingerprint are detected simultaneously or substantially simultaneously on the first and second devices (e.g., within 0.5, 1.0, 2, or 5 seconds of each other). For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 44E , because second fingerprint  4411  was detected at a time  4410  (e.g., three and a half seconds after detection of first fingerprint  4409 ) within predetermined time  4408  (e.g., five seconds after detection of first fingerprint  4409 ), the auxiliary-display criterion is satisfied. In contrast, as illustrated in  FIG. 44F , because second fingerprint  4415  occurred at a time  4459  (e.g., six and a half seconds after detection of first fingerprint  4413 ) not within predetermined time  4408  (e.g., five seconds after detection of first fingerprint  4413 ), the auxiliary-display criterion is not satisfied. 
     In some embodiments, the auxiliary-display criteria include ( 4512 ) a criterion that is met when the first device receives a confirmation that configuration of the second device as an auxiliary display has been requested. In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44G-44H , configuration of the second device (e.g., multifunction device  100 - 2 ) as the auxiliary display includes selecting “approve connection,” “approve,” “connect,” or a similar affirmative selection on one or both devices (e.g., the “CONNECT” prompt displayed in user interface objects  4412  and  4421  in  FIGS. 44G and 44H , respectively) and/or entering a predefined pin or password on one or both of the devices (e.g., multifunction device  100 - 1  and/or multifunction device  100 - 2 ). In contrast, in some embodiments, as illustrated in the series of  FIGS. 44A-44C , the second device (e.g., multifunction device  100 - 2 ) is configured as an auxiliary display for the first device without requesting any additional authentication performed prior to configuring the second device as an auxiliary device for the first device (e.g., the configuration happens automatically when the two fingerprints  4402  and  4403  are detected). 
     In accordance with a determination that the auxiliary-display criteria are met, the first electronic device sends ( 4514 ) a response to the second electronic device that enables the second electronic device to be configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device. For example,  FIGS. 44C, 44E, 44J, 44L, 44N, 44P, 44R, 44V, 44X, 44AA, and 44DD  illustrate various embodiments where, in response to meeting the auxiliary-display criteria, first multifunction device  100 - 1  sent a response that enabled second multifunction device  100 - 2  or  100 - 3  to become configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 . 
     In some embodiments, an orientation of a user interface displayed on the display of the first device is determined ( 4516 ) in accordance with the orientation of the first fingerprint relative to a predefined axis of the display of the first device, and an orientation of a user interface displayed on the display of the second device is determined in accordance with the orientation of the second fingerprint relative to a predefined axis of the display of the second device. For example, the user interface displayed on the first device and the user interface displayed on the second device are oriented so that they are each aligned with the fingerprint detected on the corresponding devices (e.g., the user interfaces are oriented so that an “up” of the user interface on the displays corresponds to the “up” of the corresponding fingerprint on the fingerprint sensors). Thus, in some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 44I-44J , when a vertical axis of the fingerprint is substantially parallel to a predefined vertical axis of a respective device (e.g., where vertical axis of first contact  4427  is substantially parallel to the long axis of first multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44I ), then the user interface is aligned so that the bottom of the user interface is along a bottom edge of the respective device, with respect to the predefined vertical axis (e.g., the user interface displaying map  4404 - 1  of the United States on touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1  is displayed in a portrait orientation in  FIG. 44J ), whereas, when a vertical axis of the fingerprint is substantially perpendicular to the predefined vertical axis of a respective device (e.g., where vertical axis of second contact  4433  is substantially perpendicular to the long axis of second multifunction device  100 - 2  in  FIG. 44I ), then the user interface is aligned so that the bottom of the user interface is along a side edge of the respective device, with respect to the predefined vertical axis (e.g., the user interface displaying map  4404 - 2  of the United States on touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2  is displayed in a landscape orientation in  FIG. 44J ). 
     In some embodiments, the first electronic device determines ( 4518 ) a direction to extend a user interface displayed on the display of the first device with the auxiliary display in accordance with at least one of an identity of the first fingerprint and an identity of the second fingerprint. For example, when a fingerprint of a right hand of a user is detected on the fingerprint sensor of the first device (e.g., fingerprint  4439  on first multifunction device  100 - 1  corresponds to the user&#39;s right index finger in  FIG. 44M ) and/or a fingerprint of a left hand of the user is detected on the fingerprint sensor of the second device (e.g., fingerprint  4441  on second multifunction device  100 - 3  corresponds to the user&#39;s left index finger in  FIG. 44M ), the user interface of the first device is extended to the left onto the display of the second device (e.g., the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44M  is extended onto multifunction device  100 - 3  in  FIG. 44N , such that the west coast of the United States is displayed as map  4404 - 3  on touch screen  112 - 3  of second multifunction device  100 - 3  and the central United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1 ). Similarly, when a fingerprint of the left hand of the user is detected on the fingerprint sensor of the first device (e.g., fingerprint  4435  on first multifunction device  100 - 1  corresponds to the user&#39;s left index finger in  FIG. 44K ) and/or a fingerprint of the right hand of the user is detected on the fingerprint sensor of the second device (e.g., fingerprint  4437  on second multifunction device  100 - 2  corresponds to the user&#39;s right index finger in  FIG. 44K ), the user interface of the first device is extended to the right onto the display of the second device (e.g., the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44K  is extended onto multifunction device  100 - 2  in  FIG. 44L , such that the eastern seaboard of the United States is displayed as map  4404 - 2  on touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2  and the central United States is displayed as map  4401 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1 ). Thus, in some embodiments, the device that detects fingerprints from the left hand of the user is assumed to be to the left of the device that detects fingerprints from the right hand of the user, so user interface objects that are supposed to be on the left side of the user interface are displayed on the device that detected fingerprints from the user&#39;s left hand while user interface objects that are supposed to be on the right side of the user interface are displayed on the device that detected fingerprints from the user&#39;s right hand. 
     In some embodiments, the order on the user&#39;s hands of the finger corresponding to the second fingerprint relative to the finger corresponding to the first fingerprint determines the direction in which the user interface is expanded with the auxiliary display. For example, when a second fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  4444  detected on second multifunction device  100 - 2  in  FIG. 44O ) corresponding to a second finger (e.g., the user&#39;s right index (RI) finger) located to the user&#39;s left of a first finger (e.g., the user&#39;s right ring (RR) finger) corresponding to a first fingerprint (e.g., fingerprint  4443  detected on first multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44O ), the user interface of the first device is extended to the left onto the display of the second device (e.g., the first user interface displayed on touch screen  112 - 1  of multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44O  is extended onto multifunction device  100 - 2  in  FIG. 44P , such that the west coast of the United States is displayed as map  4404 - 2  on touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2  and the central United States is displayed as map  4404 - 1  on touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1 ). 
     In some embodiments, where the first fingerprint and the second fingerprint are detected ( 4420 ) while a first application is an active application at the first device (e.g., where a photo display application is active as shown in  FIGS. 44Q, 44W, and 44CC ; where a word processing application is active as shown in  FIG. 44U ; and where a piano application is active as shown in  FIG. 44Z , at first multifunction device  100 - 1 ), and after sending a response to the second electronic device that enables the second electronic device to be configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device: the first device configures ( 4522 ) the second electronic device as an auxiliary display for the first device (e.g., second multifunction device  100 - 2  is configured as an auxiliary display for first multi function device  100 - 1  in  FIGS. 44R, 44V, 44X, 44AA, and 44DD ). 
     While the second electronic device is configured as an auxiliary display for the first device, the first device sends ( 4524 ) instructions to the second device that enable the second device to display a set of one or more user interface elements associated with the first application (e.g., menu bars  4414  and  4447 , and drop-down menu  4416  in  FIG. 44R ; text  4418  in  FIG. 44V ; map  4404 - 2  of the United States in  FIG. 44X ; piano keyboard  4428 - 2  in  FIG. 44AA ; and icons representing photo albums “Desert”  4432 - 5  and “Wedding”  4432 - 6  in  FIG. 44DD ). 
     In some embodiments, the set of one or more user interface elements associated with the first application include ( 4526 ) one or more controls for performing operations in the first application (e.g., the one or more user interface elements include: a menu, control element, or other user interface object associated with the first application). For example, using the display of the second device as an auxiliary display includes placing one or more of the controls for the user interface displayed on the display of the first device on the display of the second device (e.g., menu bars  4414  and  4447 , and drop-down menu  4416  in  FIG. 44R ). Thus, additional menus, palettes or other controls can be displayed on the auxiliary display to reduce or eliminate cluttering the primary display (e.g., the user interface of the first application that is displayed on the display of the first device). 
     In some embodiments, the set of one or more user interface elements associated with the first application include ( 4528 ) a portion of a workspace that is a continuation of a workspace displayed on the display of the first device (e.g., the one or more user interface elements include: a document body, application canvas or other virtual workspace that is stretched over the displays of the first and second devices). For example, using the display of the second device as an auxiliary display includes spreading a workspace for the first application over the display of the first device and the display of the second device (e.g., workspace  4417 - 1  is expanded from touch screen  112 - 1  of first multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44U  onto touch screen  112 - 2  of second multifunction device  100 - 2 , as workspace  4417 - 2  of continuous workspace  4417  in  FIG. 44V ). 
     In some embodiments, while the second electronic device is configured as the auxiliary display for the first device, the first device receives ( 4530 ) input data indicative of inputs detected by the second device, where the inputs correspond to interactions with one or more of the user interface elements associated with the first application that are displayed on the display of the second device; and the first device performs ( 4532 ) operations associated with the first application in accordance with the input data. For example, the first device sends display information to the second device and receives input data (e.g., coordinates of touch points such as contact  4424  in  FIG. 44X  and/or a gesture including movement  4426  of contact  4424  from position  4424 - a  in  FIG. 44X  to position  4424 - b  in  FIG. 44Y ) indicative of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interface displayed on the display of the second device; and in response the first device performs an operation associated with an active program in accordance with the first application (e.g., first multifunction device  100 - 1  moves focus selector  4422  from position  4422 - a  in  FIG. 44X  to position  4422 - b  in  FIG. 44Y  in accordance with the gesture data provided by second multifunction device  100 - 2 ). Thus, in some embodiments, the second device acts as an auxiliary touchpad or touch screen for the first device. 
     In some embodiments, while the second electronic device is configured as the auxiliary display for the first device, the first device receives ( 4534 ) operation data from the second electronic device that specifies one or more operations corresponding to interactions with one or more of the user interface elements associated with the first application that are displayed on the display of the second device; and performs ( 4536 ) the one or more operations. Thus, in some embodiments, some application processing is done at each of the devices (e.g., the first device and the second device each have copies of the same application), the two applications each produce responses to gestures appropriate to the portion of the user interface that is displayed, and the two applications share information. For example, for a musical keyboard (e.g., piano keyboard  4428  in  FIG. 44BB ) that is spread across the display of the first device and the display of the second device (e.g., as keyboards  4428 - 1  and  4428 - 2  displayed on multifunction devices  100 - 1  and  100 - 2 , respectively, in  FIGS. 44AA-44BB ), instead of sending touch points to the first electronic device (e.g., coordinates of contact  4430  in  FIG. 44BB ), the second device (e.g., multifunction device  100 - 2  in  FIG. 44BB ) displays half of the keys of the musical keyboard (e.g., including “E” key  4457  in  FIG. 44BB ) and sends information to the first device indicating a note to play corresponding to a key that was activated by the user (e.g., second multifunction device  100 - 2  determines that contact  4430  should activate “E” key  4457  and sends information to first multifunction device  100 - 1  to play a sound having pitch “E”). As another example, for a split text keyboard, instead of sending touch points to the first electronic device, the second electronic device sends letters that correspond to the keys that were activated by the user. By performing some of the processing at the second device, the processing load on the first device is decreased, thereby improving the performance of the application. 
     In some embodiments, while the second electronic device is configured as the auxiliary display for the first device, the first device detects ( 4538 ) a first gesture on a touch-sensitive surface of the first device (e.g., the first gesture corresponds to a first location on a touch-sensitive display of the first device), and receives ( 4540 ) a communication from the second device indicative of a second gesture detected on a touch-sensitive surface of the second device (e.g., the second gesture corresponds to a second location on a touch-sensitive display of the second device). In response to detecting the first gesture and receiving the communication indicative of the second gesture, the first device moves ( 4542 ) a user interface object (e.g., a file, icon, menu, or control) associated with the first application between the display of the first device (e.g., a first location on the display of the first device) and the display of the second device (e.g., a second location on the display of the second device). For example, the first device detects a pinch gesture on the touch-sensitive surface of the first device at a first location that corresponds to a first user interface object and the second device detects a depinch gesture on the touch-sensitive surface of the second device at a second location, and in response to detecting the pinch and depinch gestures, the first user interface object is moved from the first location to the second location (e.g., the first device ceases to display the first user interface object and the second device starts to display the first user interface object). As another example, the first device (e.g., first multifunction device  100 - 1  in  FIG. 44DD ) detects a first portion of a drag gesture on the first touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a drag gesture including movement  4438  of contact  4436  from position  4436 - a  in  FIG. 44DD  to position  4436 - b  on touch screen  112 - 1  in  FIG. 44EE ) that starts at a first location (e.g., position  4436 - a  in  FIG. 44DD ) that corresponds to a first user interface object (e.g., icon  4432 - 4  representing photo album “Winter” in  FIG. 44DD ) and the second device (e.g., multifunction device  100 - 2 ) detects a second portion of the drag gesture on the second touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a drag gesture including movement  4442  of contact  4440  from position  4440 - a  to position  4440 - b  on touch screen  112 - 2  in  FIG. 44EE ) that ends (e.g., with liftoff of the contact) at a second location (e.g., position  4440 - b  in  FIG. 44EE ), and in response to the first and second portions of the drag gesture, the first user interface object is moved from the first location to the second location (e.g., the first device ceases to display icon  4432 - 4  representing photo album “Winter” and the second device starts to display icon  4432 - 4  representing photo album “Winter,” as illustrated in  FIG. 44EE ). 
     In accordance with a determination that the auxiliary-display criteria are not met, the first device foregoes ( 4544 ) sending the response to the second electronic device that enables the second electronic device to be configured as the auxiliary display for the first electronic device. For example, in  FIG. 44D , the auxiliary-display criteria are not met because first fingerprint  4405  and second fingerprint  4407  are not registered to the same user (e.g., fingerprint  4405  corresponds to user “1” and fingerprint  4407  corresponds to user “2”), and thus, second multifunction device  100 - 2  is not configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 . Similarly, in  FIG. 44F , the auxiliary-display criteria are not met because second fingerprint  4415  was not detected within predetermined time  4408  after detection of first fingerprint  4413  (e.g., fingerprint  4415  was detected more than 5 seconds after fingerprint  4413  was detected), and thus, second multifunction device  100 - 2  is not configured as an auxiliary display for first multifunction device  100 - 1 . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 45A-45D  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  4500  described above with respect to  FIGS. 45A-45D . For example, the fingerprints, contacts, gestures, user interface objects, and focus selectors described above with reference to method  4500  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints, contacts, gestures, user interface objects, and focus selectors described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 46  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  4600  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 46  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 46 , an electronic device  4600  includes a display unit  4602  configured to display a graphic user interface, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface unit  4604 , a fingerprint sensor unit  4606 ; and a processing unit  4608  coupled to the display unit  4602 , touch-sensitive surface unit  4604 , and the fingerprint sensor unit  4606 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  4608  includes a detecting unit  4610 , a receiving unit  4612 , a determining unit  4614 , a sending unit  4616 , a display enabling unit  4618  for enabling display of information on display unit  4602 , a configuring unit  4620 , a performing unit  4622 , and a moving unit  4624 . 
     The processing unit  4608  is configured to detect a first fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor unit of the first electronic device  4600  at a first time (e.g., with the detecting unit  4610 ), where the first fingerprint is registered to a respective user. The processing unit  4608  is also configured to receive a communication from a second electronic device (e.g., with the receiving unit  4612 ), distinct from the first electronic device  4600 , that includes information indicating that a second fingerprint was detected on a fingerprint sensor unit of the second device at a second time. In response to detecting the first fingerprint and receiving the communication from the second electronic device, the processing unit  4608  is configured to determine whether predefined auxiliary-display criteria have been met (e.g., with the determining unit  4614 ), where the auxiliary-display criteria include a criterion that is met when the second fingerprint is registered to the respective user. In accordance with a determination that the auxiliary-display criteria are met, the processing unit  4608  is configured to send a response to the second electronic device (e.g., with the sending unit  4616 ) that enables the second electronic device to be configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device  4600 . In accordance with a determination that the auxiliary display criteria are not met, the processing unit  4608  is configured to forego sending the response to the second electronic device (e.g., with the sending unit  4616 ) that enables the second electronic device to be configured as the auxiliary display for the first electronic device  4600 . 
     In some embodiments, the auxiliary-display criteria include a criterion that is met when the first time is within a predefined time of the second time. 
     In some embodiments, the auxiliary-display criteria include a criterion that is met when the first device receives a confirmation that configuration of the second device as an auxiliary display has been requested (e.g., with the receiving unit  4612 ). 
     In some embodiments, an orientation of a user interface displayed on the display unit  4602  of the first device  4600  is determined in accordance with the orientation of the first fingerprint relative to a predefined axis of the display unit  4602  of the first device  4600  (e.g., with the determining unit  4614 ), and an orientation of a user interface displayed on the display unit of the second device is determined in accordance with the orientation of the second fingerprint relative to a predefined axis of the display unit of the second device (e.g., with the determining unit). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4608  is further configured to determine a direction to extend the user interface of the first device  4600  with the auxiliary display in accordance with at least one of an identity of the first fingerprint and an identity of the second fingerprint (e.g., with the determining unit  4614 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first fingerprint and the second fingerprint are detected while a first application is an active application at the first device  4600 ; and after sending a response to the second electronic device that enables the second electronic device to be configured as an auxiliary display for the first electronic device  4600  (e.g., with the sending unit  4616 ), the processing unit  4608  is further configured to configure the second electronic device as an auxiliary display for the first device  4600  (e.g., with the configuring unit  4620 ), and while the second electronic device is configured as an auxiliary display for the first device  4600 , the processing unit  4608  is further configured to send instructions to the second device (e.g., with the sending unit  4616 ) that enable the second device to display a set of one or more user interface elements associated with the first application. 
     In some embodiments, where the set of one or more user interface elements associated with the first application include one or more controls for performing operations in the first application. 
     In some embodiments, where the set of one or more user interface elements associated with the first application include a portion of a workspace that is a continuation of a workspace displayed on the display unit  4602  of the first device  4600 . 
     In some embodiments, while the second electronic device is configured as the auxiliary display for the first device  4600 , the processing unit  4608  is further configured to receive input data indicative of inputs detected by the second device (e.g., with the receiving unit  4612 ), where the inputs correspond to interactions with one or more of the user interface elements associated with the first application that are displayed on the display unit  4602  of the second device, and the processing unit  4608  is further configured to perform operations associated with the first application in accordance with the input data (e.g., with the performing unit  4622 ). 
     In some embodiments, while the second electronic device is configured as the auxiliary display for the first device  4600 , the processing unit  4608  is further configured to receive operation data from the second electronic device that specifies one or more operations corresponding to interactions with one or more of the user interface elements associated with the first application that are displayed on the display unit of the second device (e.g., with the receiving unit  4612 ), and the processing unit  4608  is further configured to perform the one or more operations (e.g., with the performing unit  4622 ). 
     In some embodiments, while the second electronic device is configured as the auxiliary display for the first device  4600 , the processing unit  4608  is further configured to detect a first gesture on a touch-sensitive surface unit  4604  of the first device  4600  (e.g., with the detecting unit  4610 ). The processing unit  4608  is further configured receive a communication from the second device indicative of a second gesture detected on a touch-sensitive surface unit of the second device (e.g., with the receiving unit  4612 ), and in response to detecting the first gesture and receiving the communication indicative of the second gesture, the processing unit  4608  is further configured to move a user interface object associated with the first application between the display unit  4602  of the first device  4600  and the display unit of the second device (e.g., with the moving unit  4624 ). 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 45A-45D  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 46 . For example, detecting operations  4502  and  4538 , receiving operations  4504 ,  4530 ,  4534 , and  4540 , determining operations  4508 ,  4516 , and  4518 , sending operations  4514  and  4524 , forgoing operation  4544 , configuring operation  4522 , performing operations  4532  and  4536 , and moving operation  4542  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Changing Beamforming Parameters Based on Fingerprint Orientation 
     Many electronic devices enable the configuration of audio elements based on proximity sensor data. For example, based on information from a proximity sensor a mobile telephone device can switch between a receiver mode and a speaker mode. The device described below improves on existing methods by utilizing a detected change in orientation of a fingerprint to select a set of beamforming parameters from a plurality of beamforming parameters so as to more efficiently operate a set of one or more audio elements. 
     While a first fingerprint is detected in a first orientation on a fingerprint sensor, the device operates a set of one or more audio elements in accordance with a first set of beamforming parameters. Then, the device detects a subsequent fingerprint having a second orientation different from the first orientation on the fingerprint sensor. The subsequent fingerprint is selected from a set consisting of the first fingerprint with a changed orientation and a second fingerprint distinct from the first fingerprint. Finally, in response to detecting the subsequent fingerprint having the second orientation on the fingerprint sensor, the device operates the set of one or more audio elements in accordance with a second set of beamforming parameters different from the first set of beamforming parameters. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch screen  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). The device described below with reference to  FIGS. 47A-47L and 48A-48B  includes one or more fingerprint sensors  169 . In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include one or more integrated fingerprint sensors  359 - 1  ( FIG. 4B ) that are integrated in to the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, the one or more fingerprint sensors include separate fingerprint sensors  359 - 2  ( FIG. 4B ) that are separate from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., separate touch-sensitive surface  451  or touch sensitive display system  112 ). Unless specified otherwise, a fingerprint sensor  169  described below is, optionally, either an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , depending on the configuration of the hardware and software of the device that includes the fingerprint sensor  169 . For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 47A-47L and 48A-48B  will be discussed with reference to touch screen  112  and fingerprint sensor  169  (e.g., an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 ); in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch screen  112 , in place of a cursor. Analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with display  450 , a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , and an integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or a separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2  in response to detecting the inputs described in  FIGS. 47A-47L  on integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1  or separate fingerprint sensor  359 - 2 , while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 47A-47L  on display  450 . 
       FIGS. 47A-47C  illustrate a portable multifunction device  100  operating in an audio generation mode. While in audio generation mode, portable multifunction device  100  generates audio via speaker  111 . A media player (e.g., Apple, Inc.&#39;s iTunes application) is displayed on user interface  4701  of touch screen  112  in  FIGS. 47A-47C . The media player illustrated in  FIGS. 47A-47C  is, for example, playing an audio file, or streaming audio.  FIGS. 47A-47C  further illustrate fingerprint axis  4704  which indicates the angle of a respective fingerprint and fingerprint sensor axis  4706  which indicates the angle of fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIGS. 47A-47C  are alike in all respects save the orientation of the respective fingerprint; thus, only the differences between  FIGS. 47A-47C  will be discussed for the sake of brevity. 
       FIG. 47A  illustrates a first fingerprint  4702  in a first orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 , which is integrated into home button  204  of device  100  (e.g., integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 ). Fingerprint  4702  is, for example, a user&#39;s right thumb.  FIG. 47A  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4702  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 90 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47A , the angle of first fingerprint  4702  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 0 degrees. 
       FIG. 47B  illustrates first fingerprint  4702  in a second orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47B  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4702  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 135 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47B , the angle of first fingerprint  4702  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 45 degrees. 
       FIG. 47C  illustrates first fingerprint  4702  in a third orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47C  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4702  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 180 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47C , the angle of first fingerprint  4702  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 90 degrees. 
       FIGS. 47D-47F  illustrate a portable multifunction device  100  operating in an audio capture mode. While in audio capture mode, portable multifunction device  100  captures audio via microphone  113 .  FIGS. 47D-47F  illustrate, for example, Apple, Inc.&#39;s Voice Memos application which records (or captures) audio signals for subsequent playback or transmission.  FIGS. 47D-47F  are alike in all respects save the orientation of the respective fingerprint; thus, only the differences between  FIGS. 47D-47F  will be discussed for the sake of brevity. 
       FIG. 47D  illustrates a first fingerprint  4708  in a first orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 , which is integrated into home button  204  of device  100  (e.g., integrated fingerprint sensor  359 - 1 ). Fingerprint  4708  is, for example, a user&#39;s left thumb.  FIG. 47D  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4708  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 90 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47D , the angle of first fingerprint  4708  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 0 degrees. 
       FIG. 47E  illustrates first fingerprint  4708  in a second orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47E  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4708  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 45 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47E , the angle of first fingerprint  4708  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 45 degrees. 
       FIG. 47F  illustrates first fingerprint  4708  in a third orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47F  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4708  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 0 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47F , the angle of first fingerprint  4708  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 90 degrees. 
       FIGS. 47G-47I  illustrate a portable multifunction device  100  operating in a speaker phone mode. A plurality of buttons are displayed on user interface  4701  of touch screen  112  including a mute button, a display keypad button, an activate speaker button  4712 , an add call button, an activate FaceTime button, a display contacts button and an end call button. In  FIGS. 47G-47I , speaker button  4712  corresponding to speaker phone mode is activated. While in speaker phone mode, portable multifunction device  100  captures audio via microphone  113  and generates audio via speaker  111 .  FIGS. 47G-47I  are alike in all respects save the orientation of the respective fingerprint; thus, only the differences between  FIGS. 47G-47I  will be discussed for the sake of brevity. 
       FIG. 47G  illustrates a first fingerprint  4710  in a first orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 , which is integrated into home button  204  of device  100 . Fingerprint  4710  is, for example, a user&#39;s right thumb.  FIG. 47G  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4710  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 90 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47G , the angle of first fingerprint  4710  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 0 degrees. 
       FIG. 47H  illustrates first fingerprint  4710  in a second orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47H  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4710  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 135 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47H , the angle of first fingerprint  4710  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 45 degrees. 
       FIG. 47I  illustrates first fingerprint  4710  in a third orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47I  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4710  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 180 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47I , the angle of first fingerprint  4710  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 90 degrees. 
       FIGS. 47J-47L  illustrate a portable multifunction device  100  operating in a video conference or video chat mode (e.g., Apple, Inc.&#39;s FaceTime application).  FIGS. 47J-47L  illustrate displaying a video chat participant on touch screen  112 . Furthermore, a forward facing camera (not shown) enabled to capture video relative to the side of device  100  associated with touch screen  112  is configured to capture video of a user so as to transmit the video to the chat participant. While in video chat mode, portable multifunction device  100  captures audio via microphone  113 , captures video via the forward facing camera (not shown) and generates audio via speaker  111 .  FIGS. 47J-47L  are alike in all respects save the orientation of the respective fingerprint(s); thus, only the differences between  FIGS. 47J-47L  will be discussed for the sake of brevity. 
       FIG. 47J  illustrates a first fingerprint  4714  in a first orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 , which is integrated into home button  204  of device  100 . Fingerprint  4714  is, for example, a user&#39;s right thumb.  FIG. 47J  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4714  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 90 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47J , the angle of first fingerprint  4714  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 0 degrees. 
       FIG. 47K  illustrates a second fingerprint  4716  in a second orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 . Fingerprint  4716  is, for example, a user&#39;s right index finger.  FIG. 47K  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4716  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 135 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4706  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47K , the angle of second fingerprint  4716  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 45 degrees. 
       FIG. 47L  illustrates second fingerprint  4716  in a third orientation over fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47L  illustrates the angle of fingerprint  4716  via fingerprint axis  4704  at 180 degrees and the angle of fingerprint sensor  169  via fingerprint sensor axis  4710  at 90 degrees. Thus, in  FIG. 47L , the angle of second fingerprint  4716  relative to the axis of fingerprint sensor  169  is 90 degrees. 
       FIGS. 48A-48B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  4800  of changing beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation in accordance with some embodiments. The method  4800  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  4800  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  4800  provides an intuitive way to change beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when changing beamforming parameters, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to change beamforming parameters based on fingerprint orientation faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     While a first fingerprint is detected in a first orientation on a fingerprint sensor, the device operates ( 4802 ) a set of one or more audio elements in accordance with a first set of beamforming parameters.  FIG. 47A , for example, shows a first fingerprint  4702  in a first orientation (e.g., a 0 degree relative angle to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 ) on fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47A , for example, shows device  100  operating speaker  111  (e.g., one of a set of one or more audio elements of device  100 ) in accordance with a first set of beamforming parameters while first fingerprint  4702  is at a 0 degree angle relative to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 . 
     In some embodiments, the set of one or more audio elements includes ( 4804 ) a plurality of speakers. For example, the change in beamforming parameters changes the times at which audio is generated by the speakers so as to produce constructive interference that amplifies the sound of the speakers at a predefined location, along a predefined path, or within a predefined region relative to the speakers.  FIGS. 47A-47C , for example, show device  100  operating speaker  111  (e.g., one of a plurality of speakers) to generate sound corresponding to an audio file, or streaming audio, selected by a user via a media player (e.g., Apple, Inc.&#39;s iTunes application) displayed on touch screen  112 . 
     In some embodiments, the set of one or more audio elements includes ( 4806 ) a plurality of microphones. For example, the change in beamforming parameters changes the times at which sound received by the microphones is processed so as to produce constructive interference that amplifies the sound received by the microphones coming from a predefined location, along a predefined path, or within a predefined region relative to the microphones.  FIGS. 47D-47F , for example, show device  100  operating microphone  113  (e.g., one of a plurality of microphones) to capture sound while in an audio recording mode (e.g., via Apple, Inc.&#39;s Voice Memos application). 
     In some embodiments, the set of one or more audio elements includes ( 4808 ) one or more microphones and one or more speakers.  FIGS. 47G-47I , for example, show device  100  operating speaker  111  (e.g., one of a plurality of speakers) and microphone  113  (e.g., one of a plurality of microphones) to generate and capture sound while in a speaker phone mode.  FIGS. 47J-47L , for example, show device  100  operating speaker  111  (e.g., one of a plurality of speakers) to generate sound and microphone  113  (e.g., one of a plurality of microphones) to capture sound while in a video chat mode (e.g., via Apple, Inc.&#39;s FaceTime application). 
     The device detects ( 4810 ) a subsequent fingerprint having a second orientation different from the first orientation on the fingerprint sensor, where the subsequent fingerprint is selected from the set consisting of the first fingerprint with a changed orientation and a second fingerprint distinct from the first fingerprint. 
       FIG. 47B , for example, shows device  100  detecting a subsequent fingerprint  4702  having a second orientation (e.g., a 45 degree angle relative to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 ) on fingerprint sensor  169  different from the first orientation in  FIG. 47A  (e.g., a 0 degree angle relative to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 ). Subsequent fingerprint  4702  in  FIG. 47B  is first fingerprint  4702  in  FIG. 47A  with a changed orientation (e.g., a 45 degree angle as opposed to a 0 degree angle relative to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 ). In this example, subsequent fingerprint  4702  is the user&#39;s right thumb. According to some embodiments, subsequent fingerprint  4702 , however, corresponds to one of either two scenarios: (1) continuous contact of the user&#39;s right thumb with fingerprint sensor  169  between the first orientation in  FIG. 47A  and the second orientation in  FIG. 47B , or (2) after detection of the user&#39;s right thumb in the first orientation in  FIG. 47A , lift off of the user&#39;s right thumb and placement of the user&#39;s right thumb in the second orientation in  FIG. 47B . 
       FIG. 47K , for example, shows device  100  detecting a subsequent fingerprint  4716  having a second orientation (e.g., a 45 degree angle relative to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 ) on fingerprint sensor  169  different from the first orientation in  FIG. 47J  (e.g., a 0 degree angle relative to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 ). Subsequent fingerprint  4716  in  FIG. 47K  is a second fingerprint distinct from first fingerprint  4714  in  FIG. 47J . In this example, fingerprint  4714  detected on fingerprint sensor  169  in  FIG. 47J  is a user&#39;s right thumb, and fingerprint  4716  detected on fingerprint sensor  169  in  FIG. 47K  is a user&#39;s right index finger. Thus, in this example, after detection of the user&#39;s right thumb in  FIG. 47J , the user&#39;s right thumb was lifted off of fingerprint sensor  169 , and, subsequently, the user&#39;s right index finger is detected on fingerprint sensor  169  in  FIG. 47K . 
     In response to detecting the subsequent fingerprint having the second orientation on the fingerprint sensor, the device operates ( 4812 ) the set of one or more audio elements in accordance with a second set of beamforming parameters different from the first set of beamforming parameters. In some embodiments, the change in the beamforming parameters changes constructive and destructive interference of audio received/generated by a plurality of audio elements (e.g., speakers or microphones) so as to extend the effective range of the audio elements.  FIG. 47B , for example, shows a subsequent fingerprint  4702  in a second orientation (e.g., a 45 degree relative to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 ) on fingerprint sensor  169 .  FIG. 47B , for example, shows device  100  operating speaker  111  (e.g., one of a set of one or more audio elements of device  100 ) in accordance with a second set of beamforming parameters while subsequent fingerprint  4702  is at the 45 degree relative to fingerprint sensor axis  4706 . 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting the change in orientation of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor, the device selects ( 4814 ) the second set of beamforming parameters from a plurality of sets of predefined beamforming parameters associated with corresponding fingerprint orientations. For example, a first set of beamforming parameters is optimized for situations where the fingerprint is at 0 degrees on the fingerprint sensor (e.g., an axis of the fingerprint is aligned with a predefined axis of the fingerprint sensor), a second set of beamforming parameters is optimized for situations where the angle of the fingerprint is 90 degrees on the fingerprint sensor relative to the predefined axis of the fingerprint sensor, etc. In some embodiments, the beamforming parameters are stored at the device, and the beamforming parameters are retrieved from storage in response to detecting the change in orientation. In some embodiments, the beamforming parameters are generated by the device as needed. In some embodiments, the plurality of sets of predefined beamforming parameters correspond to fingerprint orientations at regularly spaced intervals, such as 15 degrees, 30 degrees or 45 degrees. For example, when an angle of the fingerprint is 45 degrees on the fingerprint sensor relative to the predefined axis of the fingerprint sensor, the device combines contributions from different sets of baseline beamforming parameters (e.g., a set of 30 degree beamforming parameters and a set of 60 degree beamforming parameters) in accordance with an angle of the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor. 
     In some embodiments, differences between the first set of beamforming parameters and the second set of beamforming parameters compensate ( 4816 ) for a change in the likely location of the mouth of a user ( 4818 ) of the device relative to the audio elements of the device (e.g., the change in beamforming captures sound from the user more effectively).  FIGS. 47D-47F , for example, show device  100  compensating for a change in the likely location of the mouth of a user of device  100  relative to microphone  113  while capturing sound in a sound recording mode by changing the beamforming parameters according to a change in orientation of the fingerprint on fingerprint sensor  169 . 
     In some embodiments, differences between the first set of beamforming parameters and the second set of beamforming parameters compensate ( 4816 ) for a change in the likely location of an ear of a user ( 4820 ) of the device relative to the audio elements of the device (e.g., the change in beamforming delivers sound to the user more effectively).  FIGS. 47A-47C , for example, show device  100  compensating for a change in the likely location of the ear of a user of device  100  relative to speaker  111  while generating sound in media playback mode by changing the beamforming parameters according to a change in orientation of the fingerprint on fingerprint sensor  169 . 
     In some embodiments, differences between the first set of beamforming parameters and the second set of beamforming parameters compensate ( 4816 ) for a change in the likely location of a hand of a user ( 4822 ) of the device relative to the audio elements of the device (e.g., the change in beamforming captures sound from the user and/or delivers sound to the user more effectively if a hand is likely to be blocking at least a part of a path between the audio elements and the user&#39;s ears/mouth).  FIGS. 47G-47I , for example, show device  100  compensating for a change in the likely location of the hand of a user of device  100  relative to speaker  111  and microphone  113  while generating and capturing sound in speaker phone mode by changing the beamforming parameters according to a change in orientation of the fingerprint on fingerprint sensor  169 . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 48A-48B  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  4800  described above with respect to  FIGS. 48A-48B . For example, the fingerprints described above with reference to method  4800  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the fingerprints described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those methods described above). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 49  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  4900  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 49  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 49 , an electronic device  4900  includes a display unit  4902  configured to display one or more user interface objects; a fingerprint sensor unit  4904 ; a set of one or more audio units  4906  configured to generate and/or capture audio signals; and a processing unit  4908  coupled to the display unit  4902 , the fingerprint sensor unit  4904 , and the set of one or more audio units  4906 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  4908  includes an operating unit  4910 , a detecting unit  4912  and a selecting unit  4914 . 
     While a first fingerprint is detected (e.g., with the detecting unit  4912 ) in a first orientation on the fingerprint sensor unit  4904 , the processing unit  4908  is configured to operate (e.g., with the operating unit  4910 ) the set of one or more audio units  4906  in accordance with a first set of beamforming parameters. The processing unit  4908  is further configured to: detect (e.g., with detecting unit  4912 ) a subsequent fingerprint having a second orientation different from the first orientation on the fingerprint sensor unit  4904 , where the subsequent fingerprint is selected from a set consisting of the first fingerprint with a changed orientation and a second fingerprint distinct from the first fingerprint; and in response to detecting the subsequent fingerprint having the second orientation on the fingerprint sensor unit  4904 , operate (e.g., with the operating unit  4910 ) the set of one or more audio units  4906  in accordance with a second set of beamforming parameters different from the first set of beamforming parameters. 
     In some embodiments, the set of one or more audio units  4906  includes a plurality of speakers. In some embodiments, the set of one or more audio units  4906  includes a plurality of microphones. In some embodiments, the set of one or more audio units  4906  includes one or more microphones and one or more speakers. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  4908  is further configured to select (e.g., with the selecting unit  4914 ) the second set of beamforming parameters from a plurality of sets of predefined beamforming parameters associated with corresponding fingerprint orientations to in response to detecting (e.g., with the detecting unit  4912 ) the subsequent fingerprint having the second orientation on the fingerprint sensor unit  4904 . 
     In some embodiments, differences between the first set of beamforming parameters and the second set of beamforming parameters compensate for a change in the likely location of the mouth of a user of the device relative to the one or more audio units  4906 . In some embodiments, differences between the first set of beamforming parameters and the second set of beamforming parameters compensate for a change in the likely location of an ear of a user of the device relative to the one or more audio units  4906 . In some embodiments, differences between the first set of beamforming parameters and the second set of beamforming parameters compensate for a change in the likely location of a hand of a user of the device relative to the one or more audio units  4906 . 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 48A-48B  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 49 . For example, operating operations  4802  and  4812 , detecting operation  4810 , and selecting operation  4814  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best use the invention and various described embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20130520
Publication Date: 20211228
Grant Date: 20211228
Priority Date: 20120518
Inventors: POPE, BENJAMIN J.
JARVIS, DANIEL W.
MERZ, NICHOLAS G.
MYERS, SCOTT A.
CRETELLA, MICHAEL A.
ENG, MICHAEL
FOSTER, JAMES H.
GILTON, TERRY L.
HAGGERTY, MYRA
HAN, BYRON B.
HANKEY, M. EVANS
HOTELLING, STEVEN P.
LAND, BRIAN R.
LYNCH, STEPHEN BRIAN
MEADE, PAUL
SARWAR, MUSHTAQ A.
TERNUS, JOHN P.
THOMPSON, PAUL M.
VAN OS, MARCEL
WRIGHT, JOHN A.
Assignee: APPLE INC
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Family ID: 48576561