PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-12099331-B2
Application Number: US-202318217992-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Electronic watch with barometric vent

Abstract:
An electronic watch may include a housing at least partially defining an interior cavity divided into at least a first volume and a second volume, a pressure-sensing component positioned within the first volume, a speaker positioned within the first volume, a processor positioned within the second volume, a battery positioned within the second volume, and a barometric vent that allows air pressure equalization between the first volume and an external environment.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An electronic watch comprising:
 a housing at least partially defining an interior cavity, the interior cavity having:
 a first volume fluidly coupled to an external environment via an opening of the housing, the first volume configured to be exposed to a liquid from the external environment; and 
 a second volume separated from the first volume by a barrier; 
 
 a battery positioned within the second volume; 
 a processor positioned within the second volume; and 
 a speaker positioned within the first volume and at least partially defining an air-permeable membrane between the first volume and the second volume, the air-permeable membrane configured to equalize a barometric pressure between the first volume and the second volume. 
 
     
     
       2. The electronic watch of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the electronic watch further comprises a mesh positioned over the opening; and 
 the mesh is configured to block contaminants from entering in the first volume from the opening. 
 
     
     
       3. The electronic watch of  claim 2 , wherein:
 the speaker is further configured to produce a sound output; and 
 the sound output is configured to eject the liquid via the opening. 
 
     
     
       4. The electronic watch of  claim 3 , wherein the sound output has a variable pitch. 
     
     
       5. The electronic watch of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the electronic watch further comprises:
 a pressure-sensing component; 
 a temperature-sensing component; and 
 a liquid-sensing component; and 
 
 the pressure-sensing component, the temperature-sensing component, and the liquid-sensing component are positioned within the first volume. 
 
     
     
       6. The electronic watch of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the opening is a first opening; 
 the barrier defines a second opening that fluidly couples the first volume and the second volume; and 
 the air-permeable membrane is positioned over the second opening. 
 
     
     
       7. The electronic watch of  claim 1 , wherein the speaker comprises a diaphragm that inhibits the passage of water. 
     
     
       8. A wearable electronic device comprising:
 a housing at least partially defining an interior cavity divided into a first volume and a second volume, the first volume configured to receive water therein; 
 a processor positioned within the second volume; 
 an internal member dividing the first volume and the second volume and defining an opening; and 
 a speaker positioned within the first volume and at least partially over the opening in the internal member, the speaker and the opening cooperating to define an air-permeable water-blocking passage between the first volume and the second volume. 
 
     
     
       9. The wearable electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein:
 the opening is a first opening; 
 the housing defines a second opening; and 
 the second opening fluidly couples the first volume to an external environment. 
 
     
     
       10. The wearable electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the wearable electronic device comprises a mesh positioned over the second opening; and the mesh is configured to block contaminants from the external environment. 
 
     
     
       11. The wearable electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the housing defines a capillary passage fluidly coupling the first volume to the external environment; 
 the capillary passage is configured to draw liquid out of the first volume; and 
 a size of the second opening is larger than a size of the capillary passage. 
 
     
     
       12. The wearable electronic device of  claim 11 , wherein:
 the wearable electronic device comprises a band; 
 the housing defines a channel configured to couple to the band; and 
 the capillary passage extends from a first surface of the channel to a first internal surface of the first volume. 
 
     
     
       13. The wearable electronic device of  claim 8 , comprising:
 a transparent cover coupled to the housing; 
 a touch sensor positioned below the transparent cover and configured to detect touch inputs to the transparent cover; and 
 a crown positioned along a side region of the housing and configured to receive at least one of a translational input or a rotational input. 
 
     
     
       14. The wearable electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein:
 the wearable electronic device comprises a pressure-sensing component positioned in the first volume; and 
 the pressure-sensing component comprises:
 a substrate; 
 a body coupled to the substrate, the substrate and the body cooperating to define a cavity; and 
 a force-sensitive element positioned on the substrate and within the cavity. 
 
 
     
     
       15. An electronic watch comprising:
 a housing at least partially defining a cavity; 
 a display positioned within the cavity; 
 a barrier positioned within the cavity and separating the cavity into a first volume and a second volume; and 
 a speaker positioned within the first volume and defining an air-permeable water-blocking passage between the first volume and the second volume, the speaker configured to produce a sound output. 
 
     
     
       16. The electronic watch of  claim 15 , wherein:
 the speaker comprises:
 a body; 
 a driver assembly; and 
 a diaphragm; 
 
 the driver assembly is configured to move the diaphragm to produce the sound output; and 
 the diaphragm is positioned over the air-permeable water-blocking passage and is configured to allow air pressure equalization between the first volume and the second volume. 
 
     
     
       17. The electronic watch of  claim 15 , wherein:
 the electronic watch further comprises a porous drain structure positioned within the first volume; 
 the porous drain structure fluidly couples the first volume to an external environment; and 
 the porous drain structure is configured to draw liquid from the first volume to the external environment. 
 
     
     
       18. The electronic watch of  claim 15 , wherein:
 the housing defines an opening fluidly coupling the first volume to an external environment; and 
 the electronic watch comprises a screen positioned over the opening and configured to block contaminants from entering the first volume. 
 
     
     
       19. The electronic watch of  claim 15 , wherein:
 the electronic watch comprises a liquid-sensing element; and 
 in response to detecting liquid, by the liquid-sensing element, the speaker is configured to produce the sound output. 
 
     
     
       20. The electronic watch of  claim 19  wherein the sound output is configured to eject liquid from the first volume to an external environment.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation patent application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/741,066, filed May 10, 2022 and titled “Electronic Watch with Barometric Vent,” which is a continuation patent application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/291,216, filed Mar. 4, 2019 and titled “Electronic Watch with Barometric Vent,” now U.S. Pat. No. 11,334,032, which is a nonprovisional patent application of and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/725,163, filed Aug. 30, 2018 and titled “Electronic Watch with Barometric Vent,” the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The described embodiments relate generally to electronic devices, and more particularly to electronic devices with sensors requiring exposure to an external environment. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Electronic devices use all manner of components to gather information about the surrounding environment, and to provide outputs to users of the devices. In some cases, the components require exposure to the surrounding environment in order to function effectively. For example, a temperature sensor may need to be exposed to the surrounding environment in order to accurately detect an ambient air temperature, and a speaker may need to be exposed to the surrounding environment in order to be effectively heard by a user. Electronic devices may also benefit from environmental sealing, such as waterproofing, to help prevent damage to sensitive electrical components and circuits. Sealing a device, however, may interfere with the operation of components that rely on exposure to the surrounding environment to function properly. 
     SUMMARY 
     An electronic watch may include a housing at least partially defining an interior cavity divided into at least a first volume and a second volume, a pressure-sensing component positioned within the first volume, a speaker positioned within the first volume, a processor positioned within the second volume, a battery positioned within the second volume, and a barometric vent that allows air pressure equalization between the first volume and an external environment. 
     The speaker may include a speaker diaphragm defining a first opening, and the electronic watch may further include an internal member that divides the interior cavity into the first volume and the second volume and defines a second opening fluidly coupling the first volume and the second volume. The speaker diaphragm may be positioned over the second opening, and the first and second openings may define the barometric vent. 
     The speaker diaphragm may be waterproof. The housing may define a third opening fluidly coupling the interior cavity to the external environment, and the speaker may be configured to produce a sound to eject liquid from the first volume through the third opening. 
     The electronic watch may further include a band coupled to the housing and configured to couple the watch to a wearer, a transparent cover coupled to the housing, a touch sensor positioned below the transparent cover and configured to detect touch inputs applied to the transparent cover, and a crown positioned along a side surface of the housing and configured to receive rotational inputs. 
     The electronic watch may further include an internal member that divides the interior cavity into the first volume and the second volume and defines a second opening fluidly coupling the first volume and the second volume, and the barometric vent may include an air-permeable waterproof membrane positioned over the second opening. 
     An electronic watch may include a housing at least partially defining an interior cavity, a display positioned at least partially within the housing and configured to display a graphical output, a transparent cover coupled to the housing, a touch sensor positioned below the transparent cover and configured to detect touch inputs applied to the transparent cover, and an internal member that divides the interior cavity into a first volume and a second volume. A first opening in the housing may expose the first volume to an external environment, and a second opening in the internal member may allow gases to pass between the first volume and the second volume. 
     The electronic watch may further include a pressure-sensing component positioned within the first volume and a speaker positioned within the first volume. The electronic watch may further include a waterproof membrane covering the second opening. The speaker may include a diaphragm configured to produce sound output, and the diaphragm may be the waterproof membrane. The diaphragm may define an opening that allows passage of air while preventing passage of water. 
     The electronic watch may include a liquid sensing element positioned within the first volume and configured to detect the presence of liquid within the first volume. After the liquid sensing element detects the presence of liquid within the first volume, the speaker may produce a sound to eject liquid from the first volume. 
     A wearable electronic device includes a housing at least partially defining an interior cavity divided into a first volume and a second volume, a processor positioned within the second volume, a pressure-sensing component positioned within the first volume, and a speaker positioned within the first volume. The housing may define an opening that allows air pressure equalization between the first volume and an external environment. 
     The opening may be a first opening, the first opening may allow sound output from the speaker to exit the housing and allows the pressure-sensing component to determine a barometric pressure of the external environment, the wearable electronic device may further include an internal member that divides the housing into the first volume and the second volume, and the internal member may define a second opening that allows air pressure equalization between the first volume and the second volume. The speaker may include a diaphragm that is positioned over the second opening, the diaphragm may define a third opening, and the second opening and the third opening may cooperate to define an air passage between the first volume and the second volume. 
     The wearable electronic device may further include a band coupled to the housing and configured to couple the wearable electronic device to a wearer, a transparent cover coupled to the housing, a touch sensor positioned below the transparent cover and configured to detect touch inputs applied to the transparent cover, and a crown positioned along a side surface of the housing and configured to receive rotational inputs. 
     The housing may further define a capillary passage fluidly coupling the first volume to the external environment and configured to draw a liquid out of the first volume. The housing may define a channel configured to receive at least a portion of a band, and the capillary passage may extend from a surface of the channel to a surface of the first volume. The wearable electronic device may further include a transparent cover coupled to a front of the housing, a display positioned below the transparent cover and configured to display a graphical output, and a back cover coupled to a back of the housing and at least partially defining an interstitial space between a portion of the back cover and a portion of a surface of the housing. The capillary passage may extend from a surface of the first volume to the portion of the surface of the housing. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The disclosure will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural elements, and in which: 
         FIGS.  1 A- 1 B  depict an example wearable electronic device; 
         FIG.  2 A  depicts a partial view of another example wearable electronic device; 
         FIG.  2 B  depicts a partial view of another example wearable electronic device; 
         FIG.  3    depicts a partial cross-sectional view of an example pressure sensing element; 
         FIG.  4    depicts a partial cross-sectional view of an example speaker; 
         FIG.  5 A  depicts a partial cross-sectional view of another wearable electronic device; 
         FIG.  5 B  depicts another partial cross-sectional view of the wearable electronic device of  FIG.  5 A ; 
         FIG.  5 C  depicts a side view of the wearable electronic device of  FIG.  5 A ; 
         FIG.  5 D  depicts a detail view of the wearable electronic device of  FIG.  5 A ; 
         FIG.  6 A  depicts a partial cross-sectional view of another wearable electronic device; 
         FIG.  6 B  depicts a back view of the wearable electronic device of claim  6 A; 
         FIG.  6 C  depicts a front view of the wearable electronic device of claim  6 A; 
         FIG.  7    depicts a partial cross-sectional view of another wearable electronic device; and 
         FIG.  8    depicts example components of a wearable electronic device. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to representative embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following description is not intended to limit the embodiments to one preferred embodiment. To the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as can be included within the spirit and scope of the described embodiments as defined by the appended claims. 
     In conventional portable electronic devices, components such as batteries, processors, displays, electrical contacts (e.g., for electromechanical buttons), touch sensors, and the like may need to be protected from water, dust, debris, or other contaminants to prevent damage. Thus, these components may be positioned in a waterproof housing or a waterproof portion of a housing. In some cases, however, electronic devices as described herein may include components that require or otherwise benefit from direct access to the external environment. For example, a wearable electronic device, such as an electronic watch (also referred to as a “smart watch”), may include a barometric pressure sensor, a speaker, a microphone, a temperature sensor, or the like. Each of these devices may advantageously be exposed, at least partially, to the external, ambient air. For example, in the case of a barometric pressure sensor, if accurate sensor readings for the ambient environment are desired, the pressure sensor needs to be exposed to ambient air and not in a sealed chamber that could have a different internal pressure. Similarly, a speaker that is intended to produce audible output to a user of an electronic device may be more effective and have better acoustic properties if the speaker has a substantially open path to the ambient air. Temperature sensors, microphones, or the like may similarly benefit from substantially direct access to the external environment. 
     Also, while it may be desirable to seal a portion of a housing to provide a waterproof chamber for processors, circuitry, and the like, a seal that prevents the passage of air into the sealed portion may present other drawbacks. For example, differences in pressure between the ambient air and the sealed portion of the housing due to changes in barometric pressure (e.g., from changes in weather or a wearer moving to a higher elevation) could damage the device. A higher internal pressure relative to the ambient pressure, for example, may stress the seals or even cause the housing to break open. 
     The instant embodiments relate to an electronic device in which an interior cavity of a housing is divided into different volumes. A first volume in the interior cavity may be substantially open to the external environment, such as through an opening in a wall of the housing. Components that require or benefit from free access to the ambient air, such as barometric pressure sensors, speakers, thermometers, and the like, may be positioned in the first volume. Through the opening, air may easily move between the first volume and the external environment, thus allowing these components to function as desired. A second volume in the interior cavity may be substantially waterproof, and may contain processors, batteries, circuitry, and other electronic components. In order to allow pressure equalization between the second volume and the ambient air, the device may include a barometric vent that is configured to allow pressure equalization between the first and second volumes. The barometric vent may include an opening that fluidly couples the first and second volumes, as well as an air-permeable, waterproof membrane positioned over the opening. This configuration may allow air pressure equalization between the interior cavity of the device and the external environment, and may also prevent water from entering the second volume. By defining different volumes within the interior cavity of a housing, different degrees of environmental access and/or sealing are provided for the different components of the device. 
     In some cases, multiple components that benefit from access to ambient air are positioned in the first volume. For example, in some cases a speaker and a pressure sensor (or a pressure-sensing component of a pressure sensor) are positioned in a single, shared volume. By using a shared volume, the amount of empty space around the components may be greater than if each component were each positioned in a separate volume. The greater amount of empty space in the volume may help prevent or reduce water retention within the volume, as smaller volumes with less distance between their walls or boundary features may produce a capillary effect that causes water to be drawn into or retained in the volume (which may negatively affect the operation of speakers, pressure sensors, microphones, and the like). Further, by positioning multiple components in a single ambient-air-accessible volume, water ejection systems and techniques can be shared among the multiple components. Example water ejection systems and techniques may include, for example, capillary-action drains, speaker-driven water ejection, or the like. 
       FIGS.  1 A- 1 B  depict an electronic device  100 . The electronic device  100  is depicted as an electronic watch (e.g., a smart watch), though this is merely one example embodiment of an electronic device and the concepts discussed herein may apply equally or by analogy to other electronic devices, including mobile phones (e.g., smartphones), tablet computers, notebook computers, head-mounted displays, digital media players (e.g., mp3 players), or the like. 
     The electronic device  100  includes a housing  102  and a band  104  coupled to the housing  102 . The band  104  may be configured to attach the electronic device  100  to a user, such as to the user&#39;s arm or wrist. A portion of the band  104  may be received in a channel that extends along an exterior side of the housing  102 , as described herein. The band  104  may be secured to the housing  102  within the channel to maintain the band  104  to the housing  102 . 
     The electronic device  100  also includes a transparent cover  108  (also referred to simply as a “cover”) coupled to the housing  102 . The cover  108  may define a front face of the electronic device  100 . For example, in some cases, the cover  108  defines substantially the entire front face and/or front surface of the electronic device  100 . The cover  108  may also define an input surface of the device  100 . For example, as described herein, the device  100  may include touch and/or force sensors that detect inputs applied to the cover  108 . The cover  108  may be formed from or include glass, sapphire, a polymer, a dielectric, or any other suitable material. 
     The cover  108  may cover at least part of a display  109  that is positioned at least partially within the housing  102 . The display  109  may define an output region in which graphical outputs are displayed. Graphical outputs may include graphical user interfaces, user interface elements (e.g., buttons, sliders, etc.), text, lists, photographs, videos, or the like. The display  109  may include a liquid-crystal display (LCD), organic light emitting diode display (OLED), or any other suitable components or display technology. 
     The display  109  may include or be associated with touch sensors and/or force sensors that extend along the output region of the display and which may use any suitable sensing elements and/or sensing techniques. Using touch sensors, the device  100  may detect touch inputs applied to the cover  108 , including detecting locations of touch inputs, motions of touch inputs (e.g., the speed, direction, or other parameters of a gesture applied to the cover  108 ), or the like. Using force sensors, the device  100  may detect amounts or magnitudes of force associated with touch events applied to the cover  108 . The touch and/or force sensors may detect various types of user inputs to control or modify the operation of the device, including taps, swipes, multi-finger inputs, single- or multi-finger touch gestures, presses, and the like. Touch and/or force sensors usable with wearable electronic devices, such as the device  100 , are described herein with respect to  FIG.  6   . 
     The electronic device  100  also includes a crown  112  having a cap, head, protruding portion, or component(s) or feature(s) positioned along a side surface of the housing  102 . At least a portion of the crown  112  may protrude from the housing  102 , and may define a generally circular shape or a circular exterior surface. The exterior surface of the crown  112  may be textured, knurled, grooved, or may otherwise have features that may improve the tactile feel of the crown  112  and/or facilitate rotation sensing. 
     The crown  112  may facilitate a variety of potential user interactions. For example, the crown  112  may be rotated by a user (e.g., the crown may receive rotational inputs). Rotational inputs of the crown  112  may zoom, scroll, rotate, or otherwise manipulate a user interface or other object displayed on the display  109  (among other possible functions). The crown  112  may also be translated or pressed (e.g., axially) by the user. Translational or axial inputs may select highlighted objects or icons, cause a user interface to return to a previous menu or display, or activate or deactivate functions (among other possible functions). In some cases, the device  100  may sense touch inputs or gestures applied to the crown  112 , such as a finger sliding along a surface of the crown  112  (which may occur when the crown  112  is configured to not rotate) or a finger touching an end face of the crown  112 . In such cases, sliding gestures may cause operations similar to the rotational inputs, and touches on an end face may cause operations similar to the translational inputs. As used herein, rotational inputs include both rotational movements of the crown (e.g., where the crown is free to rotate), as well as sliding inputs that are produced when a user slides a finger or object along the surface of a crown in a manner that resembles a rotation (e.g., where the crown is fixed and/or does not freely rotate). 
     The electronic device  100  may also include other inputs, switches, buttons, or the like. For example, the electronic device  100  includes a button  110 . The button  110  may be a movable button (as depicted) or a touch-sensitive region of the housing  102 . The button  110  may control various aspects of the electronic device  100 . For example, the button  110  may be used to select icons, items, or other objects displayed on the display  109 , to activate or deactivate functions (e.g., to silence an alarm or alert), or the like. 
       FIG.  1 B  depicts another view of the electronic device  100 . As shown, the housing  102  may include a side wall  113 , which may define one or more exterior side surfaces of the housing  102  (and thus of the device  100 ). In some cases, the side wall  113  extends around the entire periphery of the device. As described herein, the side wall  113  may at least partially define an interior cavity of the housing  102 . 
     The side wall  113  may define openings  114 . While multiple openings  114  are shown, the side wall  113  may have more or fewer openings than shown, such as a single opening  114 , or three, four, or more openings  114 . Further, while the device  100  shows the openings  114  in the side wall  113 , they may be positioned elsewhere, such as through a back or bottom wall of the device  100 . 
     As described in more detail herein, the openings  114  may open to a first volume within the housing  102 , in which components such as a pressure-sensing component and a speaker are positioned. The openings  114  may allow air pressure equalization between the first volume and the external environment around the device  100 , thus allowing the internal pressure-sensing component to achieve accurate readings of the ambient air pressure. The openings  114  may also allow sound output from an internal speaker to exit the housing, such that sound output from the speaker can be heard by a wearer and/or other observers. In some cases, the openings  114  are completely open, with no screen, mesh, grate, or other component or material obstructing air flow between the first volume. In other cases, the openings  114  may be covered by a screen, mesh, grate, or other component or material, which may help prevent debris, dust, or other contaminants from entering the housing  102 . 
       FIG.  2 A  shows a portion of an electronic device  200  with a cover (e.g., the cover  108 ) removed, showing an example arrangement of components within an interior cavity  241  of the device. The device  200  may be an embodiment of the device  100 , and may include the same or similar components and may provide the same or similar functions as the device  100 . Accordingly, details of the device  100  described above may apply to the device  200 , and for brevity will not be repeated here. 
     The electronic device  200  may include a housing  202  with a side wall  213 . The side wall  213  may at least partially define the interior cavity  241  of the device  200 . The interior cavity  241  may be divided into a first volume  204  and a second volume  205  by an internal member  209 . The internal member  209  may be integral with the housing  202 , or it may be a separate component (e.g., a circuit board, a brace, a flexible circuit material, a membrane, or the like). As shown, the internal member  209  is a straight component, but it may have any suitable shape or configuration. Further, the shape, size, and overall configuration of the first and second volumes  204 ,  205  shown in  FIG.  2 A  are illustrative examples, and other shapes, sizes, or overall configurations of the first and second volumes are also contemplated. 
     Components  207  may be positioned in the second volume  205 . The components  207  may include processors, memory, batteries, haptic output devices, circuit boards, sensors, display components, or the like. For ease of illustration the components  207  are shown in a generalized shape and location, though one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that they may have a different shape or overall configuration, and they may be positioned in or otherwise incorporated with the housing  202  in any suitable way. 
     Components that benefit from direct air access to the external environment may be positioned in the first volume  204 . For example, as shown in  FIG.  2 A , a pressure-sensing component  208  and a speaker  206  may be positioned within the first volume  204 . The pressure-sensing component  208  and the speaker  206  may be coupled to the internal member  209 . In some cases, the internal member  209 , the speaker  206 , and the pressure-sensing component  208  (and optionally other components or modules) form a modular unit or assembly that may be assembled or built and then subsequently attached to the housing  202 . For example, the internal member  209  may be a bracket (which may be a single component or a multi-component assembly) that is configured to be fastened or otherwise secured to the housing  202 . The internal member  209  may include a circuit board to which components such as the speaker  206  and the pressure-sensing component  208  may be electrically (and optionally mechanically) coupled. One or more interconnects, wires, cables, flex circuits, or other conductive elements may be coupled to the circuit board, and/or to the electronic components themselves, and may connect to other components (e.g., a processor, a main logic board, etc.) within the electronic device. After the speaker  206 , the pressure-sensing component  208 , and any other desired components are attached to the internal member  209 , the assembly may be placed in the housing  202  and secured to the housing (e.g., via threaded fasteners, adhesives, mechanical interlocks, rivets, or any other suitable fastening or securing component(s) or technique(s)). 
     The device  200  may also include a liquid-sensing element  210  positioned within the first volume  204 . As described herein, the liquid-sensing element  210  (in conjunction with processors, circuitry, or other components that, together with the liquid-sensing element  210 , make up a liquid sensor) may detect the presence of liquid (e.g., water, sweat, etc.) within the first volume  204 , and may cause the device  200  to take actions to eject the liquid or to otherwise operate differently due to the presence of the liquid. Components within the first volume  204  may be electrically coupled (or otherwise communicatively coupled) to components within the second volume  205  via wires, traces, flex circuits, or other conductors or conduits. Accordingly, the components in the first and second volumes  204 ,  205  may communicate with one another and cooperate without regard to their different positions within the housing  202 . The electrical or communicative couplings may be substantially waterproof and/or impermeable to liquids or gasses. 
     The housing  202  may include openings  214  (which may be the same as or similar to the openings  114 ,  FIG.  1 B ) in a side wall  213  of the housing  202 . The openings  214  may expose a volume inside the housing  202  to an external environment, thus allowing air pressure equalization between the first volume  204  and the external environment (e.g., the ambient air around the device  200 ). For example, the openings  214 , which may be through-holes in the side wall  213 , may allow air flow into and out of the first volume  204 , as illustrated by arrows  218 . In this way, the air pressure in the first volume  204  may remain substantially the same as the ambient barometric air pressure, thus allowing the pressure-sensing component  208  (in conjunction with processors, memory, circuitry, or other components that, with the pressure-sensing component  208 , make up a pressure sensor) to detect a barometric pressure of the ambient air around the device  200 , despite the pressure-sensing component  208  being substantially contained inside the housing  202 . The openings  214  may be configured to have a size and/or shape that allows air pressure equalization between the first volume  204  and the external environment in a substantially real-time basis. For example, if the openings  214  were too small or were obstructed with a membrane, it may take minutes or even hours for the pressures to equalize, which would lead to inaccurate barometric pressure readings. Accordingly, the openings  214  may be configured to allow air to flow at a flow rate (e.g., volumetric flow rate, mass flow rate) that allows changes in ambient barometric pressure to be reflected substantially immediately within the first volume  204  (e.g., within 1 second or less). In some cases, the openings  214  may have a total opening area of about 2.0 mm 2 , 2.5 mm 2 , 3.0 mm 2 , 3.5 mm 2 , or 4.0 mm 2 . In some cases the opening area may be smaller or larger (e.g., below 2.0 mm 2  or above 4.0 mm 2 ). 
     The same openings  214  that expose the first volume  204  to the external environment, as described above, also benefit other components within the first volume  204 . For example, the speaker  206  operates by moving air to produce sound. If the speaker  206  were placed in an air-sealed or fully enclosed volume, sound waves produced by the speaker  206  may be inaudible or otherwise muted. By placing the speaker  206  in the first volume  204  (which is exposed to the external environment by the openings  214 ), sound output from the speaker  206  can exit the housing  202  and be heard by a wearer of the device or other nearby person(s). In some cases, the total opening area of the openings  214 , as well as the shape of the openings  214 , may be configured to provide a desired acoustic performance. For example, the openings  214  may have a shape that is configured to attenuate a volume of the speaker  206  by less than a target amount (e.g., less than about −5 dB, about −3 dB, about −2 dB, or about −1 dB). 
     As noted above, the housing  202  is divided into a first volume  204  and a second volume  205 . The first volume  204 , described above, is exposed to the external environment via openings  214 . Due to the need to allow substantially free flow of air into and out of the first volume  204 , the openings  214  may not be waterproof. Thus, when the device  200  is exposed to water, sweat, or other liquids (e.g., due to the device  200  being worn while swimming, showering, exercising, in the rain, or the like), those liquids may enter the first volume  204 . While components such as the speaker  206  and the pressure-sensing component  208  may tolerate exposure to such liquids, other components of the device  200 , such as processors, batteries, displays, etc., may not tolerate such exposure well. Nevertheless, it may not be feasible to fully seal the second volume  205 , as changes in barometric pressure could cause damage to fully sealed volumes. For example, pressure differentials between the internal volume and the external environment may cause seals or adhesives to fail, cause cover glasses to be forced away from housings, or the like. Accordingly, one or more openings may be defined between the first volume  204  and the second volume  205  to allow air to pass between the first and second volumes  204 ,  205  thereby equalizing air pressure between the second volume  205  and the external environment. These openings (e.g., the openings  211 , described herein) may be referred to as pressure equalization valves or openings, and they may operate as or be a part of a barometric vent. 
       FIG.  2 A  shows example openings  211  between the first volume  204  and the second volume  205 . As shown, the openings  211  extend through the internal member  209 , and allow air (and/or other gasses) to flow between the first and second volumes  204 ,  205 . In other instances, the openings may extend through a different component or otherwise be located or configured differently than the openings  211 , so long as the openings allow air pressure equalization between the first and second volumes  204 ,  205 . As shown, the speaker  206  is positioned over the openings  211 . Accordingly, the speaker  206  may also include openings that allow air to flow therethrough (e.g., openings  404 ,  FIG.  4   ), thus cooperating with the openings  211  to define an air passage, illustrated by arrows  219 , between the first and second volumes. As described herein with respect to  FIGS.  2 A and  4   , the openings  211  in the speaker  206  may be openings in a speaker diaphragm. As described herein, the openings  211  and the speaker diaphragm (and/or the openings in the speaker diaphragm) may operate as a barometric vent. In other examples, a barometric vent may include more or different components or features, such as a dedicated air-permeable waterproof membrane (as shown in  FIG.  2 B ), a valve, a seal, additional or different openings that allow fluid communication between the first and second volumes, or the like. 
     The positioning of the speaker  206  over the openings  211  further allows the second volume  205  to act as a back volume for the speaker  206 . For example, when the diaphragm of the speaker  206  moves to generate sound output, changing air pressure behind the speaker  206  due to the movement of the diaphragm (e.g., between the speaker  206  and the internal member  209 ) may negatively affect the operation of the speaker  206 . The openings  211  may alleviate or reduce the pressure variations by allowing air to flow into and out of the second volume  205  during operation of the speaker  206 . In this way, a separate speaker back-volume does not need to be defined in order to achieve satisfactory operation of the speaker  206 . 
     As noted above, it may be necessary or desirable to make the second volume  205  resistant to water or liquid ingress. Accordingly, the openings  211  may have a waterproofing membrane, seal, or other component that allows passage of air while limiting or preventing the passage of water. In some cases, the openings in the speaker  206  (e.g., openings in a speaker diaphragm) are sufficiently small to limit or prevent the passage of water. Accordingly, the speaker  206  (or the diaphragm of the speaker  206 ) may act as an air-permeable waterproof membrane over the openings  211 . In other cases, instead of or in addition to using the speaker diaphragm as an air-permeable waterproof membrane, another waterproof membrane may be positioned over the openings  211 . 
     As used herein, an air-permeable waterproof membrane may correspond to any suitable material, component, device, assembly, or the like, that allows air (or other gasses) to pass therethrough, while preventing or limiting the passage of water (or other liquids) under a range of operating conditions for the device. For example, an air-permeable waterproof membrane may be waterproof up to a certain amount of fluid pressure or depth of immersion, beyond which the membrane may rupture or allow water to pass through. In the case of a wearable electronic device, such as a smart watch, the membrane may be waterproof up to an immersion depth of about 10 meters, about 20 meters, about 50 meters, about 100 meters, about 300 meters, or the like. The membrane may be any suitable component or material, such as a perforated metal, a perforated rigid polymer, a polymer film (e.g., expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, or the like), or the like. 
     The multi-volume configuration of the device  200  also provides a staged sealing configuration that may improve the overall sealing and performance of the device  200 . For example, the configuration of the openings  214  (and the housing  202  and the first volume  204  more generally) may allow air to pass into the first volume  204  while preventing water from entering the first volume  204  under non-submerged exposure conditions (e.g., drips or splashes due to sweat, hand washing, rain, etc.). Thus, the first volume  204  may help reduce the amount of water that is proximate to the pressure equalization openings between the first and second volumes  204 ,  205 . This may help improve the waterproof sealing of the second volume  205 , as the amount of water that comes into contact with the waterproof seal between the first volume  204  and the second volume  205  is exposed to less water than would be the case if the waterproof seal were exposed directly to the external environment. 
     As noted above, water and other liquids may be able to enter into the first volume  204  via the openings  214 . While water or other liquids may not permanently damage the speaker  206  and the pressure-sensing component  208 , those components may not operate properly when there is liquid in the first volume  204 . For example, the presence of liquid may interfere with the sound output from the speaker  206  and may cause incorrect pressure readings by the pressure-sensing component  208 . Accordingly, the device  200  may use both passive and active techniques to eject or draw water out of the first volume  204 . 
     One active technique for ejecting or purging liquid from the first volume  204  includes using the speaker  206  to produce a sound output (or otherwise move or introduce a pressure or force within the first volume  204 ) that forces water out of the openings  214 . The output from the speaker  206  may be any suitable output, such an inaudible pulsing, vibration, oscillation, or other motion of the diaphragm. In some cases, the output may be audible, and may be a tone of constant pitch and volume, or variable pitch and/or volume (e.g., a pulsing tone). The movement of the speaker  206 , and more particularly the diaphragm of the speaker, may effectively push water out of the openings  214 . This may result not only in clearing water away from the speaker  206 , but also away from the pressure equalization openings (which may be integrated with the speaker, as shown in  FIG.  2 A , or positioned elsewhere in the first volume as shown in  FIG.  2 B ), and the pressure-sensing component  208 . Thus, by positioning multiple components in a single volume, a single water ejection technique may be used to clear water away from multiple different components. 
     An active liquid-ejection technique as described above may be initiated manually (e.g., by a user initiating a water ejection function) or automatically. In the latter case, a water or liquid-sensing element  210  positioned within the first volume  204  (and optionally coupled to the internal member  209  and forming part of the same assembly as the speaker  206  and the pressure-sensing component  208 ) detects the presence of liquid in the first volume  204  and automatically initiates the water ejection function. In some cases, the presence of liquid will cause the device to prompt a user (e.g., via the display  109 ) to initiate the water ejection function. 
     Instead of or in addition to the active, speaker-based water ejection technique, the device  200  may include other water removal structures. For example, as shown in  FIG.  2 A  the housing  202  may define a capillary passage  215  that fluidly couples the first volume  204  to the external environment. The capillary passage  215  may have a size and shape that produces a capillary action that tends to draw liquid from the first volume  204  into the capillary passage  215 . In this way, the capillary passage  215  may act as a passive pump that extracts liquid from the first volume  204 . The capillary passage  215  may have a diameter of about 2.0 mm, about 1.5 mm, about 1.0 mm, about 0.6 mm, about 0.5 mm, about 0.4 mm, about 0.25 mm, or any other suitable diameter. The capillary passage  215  may have a diameter within a range of about 0.2 mm to about 2.0 mm, about 0.5 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.6 to about 1.2 mm, or any other suitable range. 
     The capillary passage  215  may have any suitable length. In some cases, the capillary passage  215  may be formed at a non-perpendicular angle relative to a plane defined by the housing wall through which the capillary passage  215  is formed, allowing the capillary passage  215  to have a length that is greater than the thickness of the housing wall. In some cases, a greater length of the capillary passage  215  results in improved water draining performance as compared to a shorter length, due to factors such as a greater water-holding volume in the capillary passage  215 . 
     The walls of the capillary passage  215  may be treated to increase or improve the capillary action. For example, the walls of the capillary passage  215  may be treated (e.g., ground, smoothed, polished, coated), which may increase the effectiveness of the capillary action (e.g., to draw more water away from the first volume  204 , and/or to draw the water away faster). For example, an hydrophilic coating may be applied to the interior surfaces of the capillary passage  215  (and/or to the areas of the housing walls adjacent the apertures that define the capillary passage  215 ) to help draw water and/or other liquids near and ultimately into the capillary passage  215 . 
     The capillary passage  215  may be defined at least in part by a first aperture along an interior surface of the housing  202  (e.g., a first end or opening of the capillary passage  215 ), and a second aperture along an exterior surface of the housing (e.g., a second end or opening of the capillary passage  215 ). In some cases, the second aperture opens into a channel  216  in the housing  202  of the device  200 . The channel  216  may be configured to receive at least a portion of a band (e.g., the band  104 ,  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B ) therein. As described herein with respect to  FIG.  5 A , the interstitial space between the band and the channel  216  may cooperate with the capillary passage  215  to draw water or other liquids out of the first volume  204 . 
     The capillary passage  215  may also serve as another conduit between the first volume  204  and the external environment, in addition to the openings  214 . This may help ensure air pressure equalization between the first volume  204  and the external environment (e.g., the ambient air around the device  200 ), even if the openings  214  are occluded. For example, under certain conditions a user&#39;s wrist, clothing, gloves, or other object may cover the openings  214 , particularly as a user&#39;s wrist may be rotated in a manner which causes one or more of the openings  214  to be occluded or blocked. This may affect the accuracy of the pressure readings of the pressure-sensing component  208 , such as by increasing the pressure in the first volume  204  above the ambient air pressure and/or by preventing air pressure equalization with the external environment. By providing another opening between the external environment and the first volume  204 , the air pressure may be able to equalize despite the openings  214  being covered. Having multiple openings (e.g., the capillary passage  215 ) also allows pressure relief during draining or ejection of water or other liquids. For example, if water is being drained from the first volume  204  via the capillary passage  215 , air can enter the first volume  204  through the openings  214  to allow the water to flow freely (without drawing a vacuum within the first volume  204 ). Similarly, if water is being expelled or drained from the openings  214 , air may be able to enter the first volume  204  through the capillary passage  215 . Accordingly, when multiple openings are provided, one or more of the openings may act as a pressure equalization vent (also optionally referred to as a breather vent) during liquid draining. 
       FIG.  2 B  shows a portion of another electronic device  220  with a cover removed, showing another example arrangement of components within an interior cavity  242  of the device. The device  220  may be an embodiment of the devices  100 ,  200 , and may include the same or similar components and may provide the same or similar functions as those devices. Accordingly, details of the devices  100 ,  200  described above may apply to the device  220 , and for brevity will not be repeated here. 
     The electronic device  220  may include a housing  222  with a side wall  233 . The side wall  233  may at least partially define the interior cavity  242  of the device  220 . The interior cavity  242  may be divided into a first volume  224  and a second volume  225 . The interior cavity  242  may be divided into the first and second volumes  224 ,  225  by an internal member  229 . The housing  222  may define a capillary passage  235  that fluidly couples the first volume  224  to the external environment. The capillary passage  235  may open to a channel  236  in the housing  222  (which may be configured to receive a band, as described above). The capillary passage  235  may be the same as or similar to the capillary passage  215 . Accordingly, the details of the capillary passage  215  discussed above apply equally to the capillary passage  235  and for brevity will not be repeated here. 
     Components  227  may be positioned in the second volume  225 . The components  227  may include processors, memory, batteries, haptic output devices, circuit boards, sensors, display components, or the like. For ease of illustration the components  227  are shown in a generalized shape and location, though one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that they may have a different shape or overall configuration, and they may be positioned in or otherwise incorporated with the housing  222  in any suitable way. 
     Similar to the device  200 , the device  220  may include a pressure-sensing component  228 , a speaker  226 , and a liquid-sensing element  230  positioned within the first volume  224 . The device  220  may also include a barometric vent that allows pressure equalization between the first volume  224  and the second volume  225  (e.g., by allowing gasses to pass between the first and second volumes  224 ,  225 ). In the device  220 , the barometric vent may include an opening  231  that allows pressure equalization between the first volume  224  and the second volume  225 . For example, the opening  231  may define an air passage between the first and second volumes, as indicated by arrow  240 . 
     Instead of positioning the opening  231  behind the speaker  226 , as shown in  FIG.  2 A , the opening  231  in this case is not occluded or covered by the speaker  226 . In some cases, the barometric vent includes an air-permeable, waterproof membrane that covers the opening  231 . The membrane may allow air pressure equalization between the device and the external environment while also preventing water from entering the second volume  225 . The membrane may be any suitable component or material, such as a perforated metal, a perforated rigid polymer, a polymer film (e.g., expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, or the like), or the like. 
       FIG.  3    depicts an example cross-sectional view of a pressure-sensing component  300  that may be used in conjunction with the electronic devices described herein (e.g., the devices  100 ,  200 ,  220 ). The pressure-sensing component  300  is shown attached to a component  301 , which may correspond to any of the internal members  209 ,  229  described above with respect to  FIGS.  2 A- 2 B , or any other suitable member or portion of an electronic device. 
     The pressure-sensing component  300  may include a substrate  304 , a force-sensitive element  306 , and a body  302  coupled to the substrate  304 . The substrate  304  may be a circuit board, which may include conductive traces, wires, or other conductors that facilitate electrical coupling between the force-sensitive element  306  and other electrical components (e.g., a processor). The body  302  and the substrate  304  may cooperate to define a cavity  310 . The force-sensitive element  306  may be positioned on the substrate  304  and within the cavity  310 . 
     The substrate  304  and the body  302  may be formed of or include any suitable material(s), including metal (e.g., stainless steel, aluminum), ceramic, a polymer, fiberglass, or the like. In some cases, the body  302  comprises stainless steel and the substrate  304  comprises a ceramic. 
     A dielectric material  308  may be positioned in the cavity  310  and substantially encapsulating the force-sensitive element  306 . The dielectric material  308  may be a liquid, a gel, or any other suitable material that applies a force to the force-sensitive element  306 , where the force is proportional to or otherwise corresponds to a fluid pressure that is incident on the exposed surface of the dielectric material  308 . The dielectric material  308  may be a fluro-silicone gel, an oil, or any other suitable material. The dielectric material  308  may be cured or at least partially solidified (e.g., a crosslinked polymer), or it may be a flowable liquid. In some cases, the dielectric material  308  may remain in the cavity  310  without covers, films, or other retaining components, even when the pressure-sensing component  300  is upside down or subjected to movements or forces. 
     The force-sensitive element  306  may produce a variable electrical response in response to a mechanical force or strain applied to the force-sensitive element  306 . For example, the force-sensitive element  306  may be a piezoelectric material or component, a piezoresistive material or component, a capacitive force sensor, or any other suitable force-sensitive material or component. Based on the mechanical force or strain that is applied to the force-sensitive element  306  via the dielectric material  308  (or the lack of a mechanical force or strain), the force-sensitive element  306  may produce a measurable electrical (or other) characteristic, such as a voltage, a resistance, a capacitance, or the like. A processor and/or associated circuitry may determine, based on the electrical characteristic, the fluid pressure that is incident on the dielectric material  308 . 
     The body  302  of the pressure-sensing component  300  may be configured to have a substantially uniform cross-section along the height dimension of the body  302 . For example, where the body  302  is cylindrical, the diameter of the body  302  may be substantially constant along the height of the body  302 . This may allow for greater direct exposure of the dielectric material  308  as compared to pressure-sensing components with tapered bodies or smaller top openings. For example, some sensors may have a top member that substantially encloses the cavity  310 , with a top opening that is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the exposed surface of the dielectric material  308 . By having a uniform cross-section that extends fully to the top opening (e.g., such that the area of the opening is the same as the cross-sectional area of the body  302 ), the pressure-sensing component  300  may have fewer undercuts, seams, corners, or other features that may capture and retain water, debris, or other contaminants. 
       FIG.  4    depicts an example cross-sectional view of a speaker  400  that may be used in conjunction with the electronic devices described herein (e.g., the devices  100 ,  200 ,  220 ). The speaker  400  is shown attached to a component  403 , which may correspond to any of the internal members  209 ,  229  described above with respect to  FIGS.  2 A- 2 B , or any other suitable member or portion of an electronic device. 
     The speaker  400  may include a body  401 , a diaphragm  402 , and a driver assembly  405  that includes an actuation member  406  and a driver  408 . The actuation assembly may be a voice coil motor, or any other electrical or electromechanical system that moves the diaphragm to produce a sound output. For example, as shown in  FIG.  4   , the driver  408  may impart forces on the actuation member  406  to move the actuation member  406  (e.g., up and down, relative to the orientation shown in  FIG.  4   ), ultimately moving the diaphragm  402  to produce sound. Additionally, as described above, the driver assembly  405  may be used to move the diaphragm  402  to help push water away from the diaphragm  402  and optionally out of the volume in which the speaker  400  is positioned (e.g., the first volumes  204 ,  224 ,  FIGS.  2 A- 2 B ). 
     The diaphragm  402  may include openings  404 , and the component  403  may include openings  410 . The openings  410  may correspond to the openings  211  in  FIG.  2 B . The openings  404  in the diaphragm  402  may be configured to allow air to pass through the diaphragm  402 , and ultimately through openings  410 , to allow air pressure equalization between two different volumes within a housing of an electronic device (e.g., by defining an air passage indicated by arrow  412 , which is similar to the air passage indicated by arrows  219  in  FIG.  2 A ). The openings  410  may also provide an air passage to allow the speaker  400  to use the second volume of a device (e.g., the second volumes  205 ,  225 ,  FIGS.  2 A- 2 B ) as a back volume for the speaker  400 . The openings  410  may thus be sufficiently large to allow the volume of air that is moved by the diaphragm  402  (when the speaker is outputting sound) to move through the openings  410  to prevent undesirable back pressure in the space below the diaphragm  402 . 
     The openings  404  may have a size, shape, or other configuration that allows air to pass through, while also preventing or restricting water or other liquids from passing through. Accordingly, the diaphragm  402  may operate as an air-permeable waterproof membrane over the openings  404 . The openings  404  may also be sized, shaped, or otherwise configured so that they do not substantially attenuate or otherwise negatively affect the audio performance of the speaker  400 . The openings  404  may have a diameter of about 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.05 mm, or any other suitable size. 
     In some cases, instead of discrete openings  404 , the diaphragm  402  is formed of or includes an air permeable or porous material that allows air to flow therethrough, but is also sufficiently dense to act as a speaker diaphragm and produce sound when moved by the driver assembly  405 . For example, the diaphragm  402  may be formed from a foam, fabric, air-permeable polymer film (e.g., expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane), or the like. 
     As noted above, a speaker in an electronic device may be used to eject or clear liquids away from the speaker diaphragm, and ultimately eject the liquid from an interior volume of a housing. This may be accomplished by producing a sound output or otherwise moving the diaphragm  402  to force liquids away from the diaphragm  402 . Because the openings  404  that provide pressure equalization between the first and second volumes of a housing are on the diaphragm  402 , the liquid ejection techniques used to force liquid away from the diaphragm  402  may be particularly effective in keeping liquid away from the openings  404  as well. In some cases, liquid may be removed from the pressure equalization openings more quickly and/or more effectively when the openings are positioned on the diaphragm  402  (as shown in  FIGS.  2 A and  4   ) than when they are positioned elsewhere. 
     In some cases, the speaker  400  includes a protective cover  414  positioned over the diaphragm  402 . The protective cover  414  may be a mesh, fabric, woven material, foam, or other material that protects the diaphragm  402  from debris, water, or other contaminants that could damage the diaphragm  402  or interfere with the ability of the diaphragm  402  to produce sound (or reduce the sound quality or volume). Due to its porous design, the protective cover  414  may retain or capture water or other liquids that may enter the volume in which the speaker  400  is positioned. In such cases, the speaker  400  may use water ejection techniques, as described above, to force the water out of the protective cover  414  (and ultimately out of the volume in which the speaker  400  is positioned). 
     While  FIG.  4    shows a diaphragm  402  with openings  404 , embodiments that do not require air to pass through the speaker  400  may omit the openings  404 . In such cases, the openings  410  in the component  403  may be positioned elsewhere than directly below the speaker  400 . 
       FIG.  5 A  depicts a partial cross-sectional view of a device  500 . The device  500  may be an embodiment of the devices  100 ,  200 ,  220 , and may include the same or similar components and may provide the same or similar functions as those devices. Accordingly, details of the devices  100 ,  200 ,  220  described above may apply to the device  500 , and for brevity will not be repeated here. 
     The device  500  includes a housing  502  (which may be the same as or similar to the housings  102 ,  202 ,  222 , described above). The housing  502  may define a first volume  504 , as well as a channel  516  that extends along an exterior side surface of the housing  502  and is configured to receive (and optionally retain) at least a portion of a band  520 . The device  500  may also include a pressure-sensing component  508  in the first volume  504  and coupled to an internal member  509 . The housing  502  may define an opening  514  that exposes the pressure-sensing component  508  (as well as other components in the first volume  504 ) to the external environment. These components and/or features may be the same as or similar to corresponding components and/or features described elsewhere in this application. 
     The device  500  also includes a capillary passage  515  that extends through the housing  502  and fluidly couples the first volume  504 , in which the pressure-sensing component  508  and a speaker may be positioned, to the channel  516 . The capillary passage  515  may be the same as or similar to the capillary passages  215 ,  235 . For example, as described above, the capillary passage  515  may be configured to use a capillary action to draw water or other liquids into the capillary passage  515  and out of the first volume  504 . Other details of the capillary passages  215 ,  235  described above are equally applicable to the capillary passage  515 , and for brevity may not be repeated here. Further, details of the capillary passage  515  described herein may be equally applicable to the capillary passages  215 ,  235 , or to any other capillary passages described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG.  5 A , the capillary passage  515  extends from a surface of the first volume  504  to a surface of the channel  516 . When the band  520  is positioned within the channel  516 , an interstitial space  522  is defined between a surface of the band  520  and a surface of the channel  516 . The interstitial space  522  may cooperate with the capillary passage  515  to draw liquid out of the first volume  504  using capillary action. More particularly, capillary action is a phenomenon whereby liquids may be drawn into narrow openings or spaces without the assistance of gravity, pumps, or other applied forces. As noted above, the interstitial space  522  defined between the surface of the band  520  and the surface of the channel  516  may be sufficiently narrow to induce a capillary action. For example, the distance between the surface of the channel  516  and the surface of the band  520  in the interstitial space  522  may be about 0.5 mm, about 0.2 mm, about 0.1 mm, about 0.05 mm, about 0.01 mm, or any other suitable dimension (which may be an average distance or a maximum distance). By positioning the capillary passage  515  so that it opens into the channel  516 , a continuous volume may be defined throughout which the capillary effect may be substantially uninterrupted. More particularly, because the capillary passage  515  opens directly into the interstitial space  522 , the volume of the interstitial space  522  (which itself may produce a capillary action) may be combined with the volume of the capillary passage  515  to produce a larger volume that liquid can be drawn into. Moreover, as the small dimensions of the capillary passage  515  and the interstitial space  522  directly join one another (e.g., there is no larger empty space between them that would interrupt the capillary action), the capillary effect of both of the volumes may cooperate to draw water out of the first volume  504 . The water or other liquid that is ultimately drawn into the capillary passage  515  and/or the interstitial space  522  may evaporate, drain out of the interstitial space  522  and away from the device  500 , or be removed manually (e.g., absorbed or wiped away by a user). 
       FIG.  5 B  depicts a partial cross-sectional view of the device  500 . The view depicted in  FIG.  5 B  corresponds to a view of a device along line A-A in  FIG.  1 B . As shown in  FIG.  5 B , the capillary passage  515  is defined by an entrance aperture  524  formed along an interior surface of a housing wall, and an exit aperture formed along a surface of the housing that defines a channel that receives a band  520 . The device  500  also includes a transparent cover  530  (which may be an embodiment of the cover  108 ), and a back cover  528 . The back cover  528  may be formed from or may include a dielectric material that is configured to allow electromagnetic fields to pass therethrough. In some cases, the back cover  528  may be configured to allow or facilitate wireless charging of the device  500  through the back cover  528 . The back cover  528  may also be completely or partially optically transparent or translucent, or otherwise allow optical sensing through all or a portion of the back cover  528 . Optical sensing may be used, for example, for heart rate sensing (e.g., with a photoplethysmograph), proximity sensing (e.g., to detect when the device  500  is being worn), or the like. The back cover  528  may be formed of or include glass, ceramic, plastic, or any other suitable material. In some cases the back cover  528  may be formed of or include metal. 
     As noted above, the capillary passage  515  and the interstitial space  522  may cooperate to produce a capillary effect that can drain water or other liquids from the first volume  504 . The effectiveness of the capillary effect produced by the capillary passage  515  and the interstitial space  522  (e.g., how fast water is moved due to the capillary effect, the amount of water that can be moved, etc.) may depend at least in part on the proximity of the surfaces of the drain volume defined by the combination of the capillary passage and the interstitial space. For example, a drain volume with a smaller distance between opposing surfaces may produce a greater capillary effect than one with a larger distance, and therefore may result in faster draining of a space (e.g., the first volume  504 ). In some cases, having a drain volume in which the distance (e.g., the minimum distance) between opposing surfaces decreases along the path travelled by the water through the drain volume may help increase the capillary effect (e.g., increasing the speed of water movement, amount of water that can be moved, etc.). Thus, in some cases the capillary passage  515  may have a tapered profile, such that the entrance aperture  524  is larger than the exit aperture  526 . Additionally, the distance between the band  520  and the housing  502  along all or some of the interstitial space  522  may be less than the distance between the walls of the capillary passage  515  (e.g., a diameter of the capillary passage). In such cases, the drain volume that produces the capillary effect and drains water from the first volume  504  is defined by a decreasing distance between surfaces along a path extending from the entrance aperture  524  into the interstitial space  522 . More particularly, the drain volume may have a first region, defined by the capillary passage  515 , with a first distance between opposite surfaces (e.g., a diameter of the capillary passage  515 ) and a second region, defined by the interstitial space  522 , with a second, lesser distance between opposite surfaces (e.g., a distance between the band  520  and the housing  502 ). 
       FIG.  5 C  is a side view of the device  500 , showing the housing  502  with the band  520  removed from the channel  516 . As shown in  FIG.  5 C , the housing  502  includes a cap  532  positioned over the exit aperture  526 . For example, in cases where the capillary passage is not perpendicular to the housing wall that it extends through (such as the angled capillary passage  515  shown in  FIG.  5 A ), the entrance and exit apertures may not be circular, but instead may have an oval shape or other non-circular shape. The cap  532  may cover the non-circular exit aperture  526 . The cap  532  may define a through-hole  534  that communicates with the capillary passage  515  and allow the capillary passage  515  to fluidly couple to the channel  516  and, by extension, the interstitial space  522  ( FIGS.  5 A- 5 B ). The cap  532  may be set into a counterbore or other recess such that the exterior surface of the cap  532  is flush with the surface of the channel  516 . 
     As noted above, the surfaces in and around the capillary passage  515  and/or the interstitial space  522  may be treated to help guide, force, or induce water or other liquids into the capillary passage  515  and/or the interstitial space  522 . For example, hydrophilic surface treatments (e.g., coatings, textures, materials, etc.) may be applied on or near the capillary passage  515  and/or the interstitial space  522 .  FIG.  5 D  illustrates a portion of the housing  502  viewed along line B-B in  FIG.  5 A . The illustrated portion includes the entrance aperture  524  and a hydrophilic region  536  (within the broken-line boundary  537 ) on the interior surface of the housing  502 . The hydrophilic region  536  may be defined by a surface texture, coating, insert (e.g., of a different material than the other areas of the housing  502 ), or the like. As described above, the inner surfaces of the capillary passage  515  may also have a hydrophilic surface treatment (e.g., surface texture, coating, insert, sleeve). The hydrophilic surface treatment may attract, draw, or hold water and/or other liquids near the entrance aperture  524 , which may help draw the liquids into the capillary passage  515  where the capillary action may draw the water out of the first volume  504 . In some cases, the housing  502  may also have a hydrophobic region  538  (outside the boundary  537 ). The hydrophobic region  538  may be defined by a surface texture, coating, insert (e.g., of a different material than the other areas of the housing  502 ), or the like. The hydrophobic region  538  may push, reject, or otherwise repel water and/or other liquids. The proximity of the hydrophobic region  538  to the hydrophilic region  536  and the capillary passage  515  (or the capillary passage  515  alone, where the hydrophilic region is omitted) may help guide water and/or other liquids into the capillary passage  515 , where capillary action may continue to draw the water into the capillary passage  515  and out of the first volume  504 . 
       FIGS.  5 A- 5 D  illustrate an example device in which a capillary passage  515  extends from an interior volume (e.g., the first volume  504 ) to a channel that receives a lug of a band or strap, which is one example configuration for a capillary passage in an electronic device such as a watch. Other configurations of capillary passages in a device are also possible, using the principles and techniques described with respect to the other capillary passages described herein.  FIGS.  6 A- 7    illustrate additional example capillary passages that may be used in an electronic device. 
       FIG.  6 A  depicts a partial cross-sectional view of an example device  600 . The view of  FIG.  6 A  corresponds to a view of a device along line A-A in  FIG.  1 B . The device  600  may be the same as or similar to the other devices described herein (e.g., devices  100 ,  200 ,  220 ,  500 ), but with a different configuration of capillary passages. The device  600  may include a housing  601 , a cover  602 , and a back cover  606 , each of which may be the same as or similar to corresponding components described herein with respect to other devices. 
     The device  600  may include a capillary passage  608  that extends through a wall of the housing  601  and fluidly couples a first volume  604  (in which a speaker, barometric vent, pressure sensor, and/or other components may be positioned) to an interstitial space  612  defined by (and between portions of) the exterior surface of the housing  601  and the back cover  606 . The interstitial space  612  may act similarly to the interstitial space  522 . For example, the interstitial space  612  may cooperate with the capillary passage  608  to produce a capillary action that tends to draw liquid from the first volume  604  into the capillary passage  608  and into the interstitial space  612 . Additionally, similar to the interstitial space  522 , the distance between the surfaces that define the interstitial space  612  (e.g., a space defined in part by a surface of the back cover  606  and a surface of the housing  601 ) may be smaller than the distance between opposing surfaces of the capillary passage  608  (e.g., smaller than a diameter of the capillary passage  608 ). This may define a path that has a decreasing distance between surfaces along a path extending from the capillary passage  608  into the interstitial space  612 . The distance between the surface of the back cover  606  and the surface of the housing  601  that define the interstitial space  612  may be about 0.5 mm, about 0.2 mm, about 0.1 mm, about 0.05 mm, about 0.01 mm, or any other suitable dimension (which may be an average distance or a maximum distance). In some cases, the interstitial space  612  may also have a decreasing distance between surfaces to aid in the capillary effect. For example, the interstitial space  612  may have a first distance between opposing surfaces proximate the capillary passage  608 , and may taper to a second, smaller distance where the interstitial space  612  opens to the external environment. 
     By using the interstitial space  612  in combination with the capillary passage  608 , the volume of the space that produces the capillary action may be increased (relative to the capillary passage  608  alone), allowing the capillary passage  608  and the interstitial space  612  to draw more liquid out of the first volume  604 .  FIG.  6 B  is a back view of the device  600 , illustrating one example configuration of the interstitial space  612 . As shown in  FIG.  6 A , a portion of the back cover  606  may be set apart from the housing to define the gap that defines the interstitial space  612 .  FIG.  6 B  illustrates an example in which the gap extends along the entire perimeter or peripheral area of the back cover  606 . The interstitial space  612  in  FIG.  6 B  may be the region between the perimeter of the back cover  606  and the broken line inset from the perimeter of the back cover  606 . In other example embodiments, the interstitial space  612  does not extend along the entire perimeter. 
       FIG.  6 A  also illustrates another example configuration for a capillary passage. In particular, capillary passage  610  extends from the first volume  604  to an interstitial space  611  between a portion of the cover  602  and the housing  601 . More particularly, a portion of the cover  602  may be set apart from the housing  601  to define the gap that defines the interstitial space  611 . The distance between the surface of the cover  602  and the surface of the housing  601  that define the interstitial space  611  may be about 0.5 mm, about 0.2 mm, about 0.1 mm, about 0.05 mm, about 0.01 mm, or any other suitable dimension (which may be an average distance or a maximum distance). 
     Similar to the interstitial space  522 , the distance between the surfaces that define the interstitial space  611  (e.g., a space defined in part by a surface of the cover  602  and a surface of the housing  601 ) may be smaller than the distance between opposing surfaces of the capillary passage  610  (e.g., smaller than a diameter of the capillary passage  610 ). This may define a path that has a decreasing distance between surfaces along a path extending from the capillary passage  610  into the interstitial space  611 . The distance between the surface of the cover  602  and the surface of the housing  601  that define the interstitial space  611  may be about 0.5 mm, about 0.2 mm, about 0.1 mm, about 0.05 mm, about 0.01 mm, or any other suitable dimension (which may be an average distance or a maximum distance). In some cases, the interstitial space  611  may also have a decreasing distance between surfaces to aid in the capillary effect. For example, the interstitial space  611  may have a first distance between opposing surfaces proximate the capillary passage  610 , and may taper to a second, smaller distance where the interstitial space  611  opens to the external environment. 
       FIG.  6 C  is a front view of the device  600 , illustrating an example configuration of the interstitial space  611 . Like the interstitial space  612 ,  FIG.  6 C  shows how the gap between a portion of the cover  602  and the housing  601  extends along the entire perimeter or peripheral area of the cover  602 . The interstitial space  611  in  FIG.  6 C  may be the region between the perimeter of the cover  602  and the broken line inset from the perimeter of the cover  602 . In other example embodiments, the interstitial space  611  does not extend along the entire perimeter. 
       FIGS.  6 A- 6 C  show two capillary passages in one device, the capillary passage  610  and the capillary passage  608 . It will be understood that some embodiments may include both capillary passages, or just one or the other of the capillary passages. Indeed, any of the capillary passages described herein may be used alone or in combination with other capillary passages described herein. For example, in some cases three capillary passages are connected to a single volume: one extending to a band slot, another extending to an interstitial space defined by a front cover, and another extending to an interstitial space defined by a back cover. Other combinations are also contemplated. 
     Other types of capillary action structures and components may also be used to draw liquid out of enclosed spaces or volumes in a device.  FIG.  7   , for example, depicts a partial cross-sectional view of an example device  700 , which may be an embodiment of the devices  100 ,  200 ,  220 , and may include the same or similar components and may provide the same or similar functions as those devices. Accordingly, details of the devices  100 ,  200 ,  220  described above may apply to the device  700 , and for brevity will not be repeated here. 
     The device  700  includes a housing  702  (which may be the same as or similar to the housings  102 ,  202 ,  222 , described above). The housing  702  may define a first volume  708 , as well as a channel  712  that extends along an exterior side surface of the housing  702  and is configured to receive (and optionally retain) at least a portion of a band. The device  700  may also include a pressure-sensing component in the first volume  708 . These components and/or features may be the same as or similar to corresponding components and/or features described elsewhere in this application. 
     The device  700  also includes a porous drain structure  710  that fluidly couples the first volume  708 , in which a pressure-sensing component and a speaker may be positioned, to the channel  712 . The porous drain structure  710  may be configured to use a capillary action to draw water or other liquids into the porous drain structure  710  and out of the first volume  708 . More particularly, the pores of the porous drain structure  710  may define an open-cell pore structure in which the pores are sufficiently small to produce a capillary action on water and/or other liquids. For example, in some cases the pores may have an average diameter of about 1.0 mm, about 0.6 mm, about 0.5 mm, about 0.4 mm, about 0.25 mm, about 0.1 mm, about 0.05 mm, or any other suitable diameter. The porous drain structure  710  may otherwise operate in substantially the same manner as the other capillary passages described herein. Indeed, any of the capillary passages described herein may be replaced with or at least partially filled with a porous drain structure. The porous drain structure  710  may be formed by foaming, drilling, or otherwise forming a porous structure in the material of the housing  702 , or by inserting a porous material into an opening in the housing  702 . 
     The capillary passages described with respect to  FIGS.  5 A- 7    may be used to drain water and/or other liquids from internal volumes of devices, and may also provide air pressure equalization vents to help provide stable and accurate pressure readings from pressure sensors in those volumes. Also, any of the dimensions, properties, and/or techniques described with respect to one example capillary passage may apply to other capillary passages described herein as well. For example hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic treatments (e.g., coatings, textures, etc.) described with respect to  FIGS.  5 A- 5 D  may be applied to the capillary passages in  FIGS.  6 A- 7   , as well as any other capillary passages described herein. 
     Further, the devices described with respect to  FIGS.  5 A- 7    describe some example configurations of interstitial spaces that may be used to augment the capillary action of a capillary passage in a housing. However, these example interstitial spaces are not intended to be exhaustive, and other interstitial spaces may exist or be provided. For example, buttons, dials, crowns, or other components of a device may define interstitial spaces between themselves and the housing (or between any two surfaces). Such interstitial spaces may be used in addition to or instead of those described herein. In such cases, a capillary passage may fluidly couple the interstitial spaces to the volume that is intended to be vented or drained of liquid. Moreover, any of the capillary passages and/or surfaces that define the interstitial spaces may have hydrophilic treatments, coatings, textures, or the like to help draw liquid into the openings or interstitial spaces. For example, the surfaces of the housing and covers that define the interstitial spaces  611 ,  612  may have hydrophilic treatments, coatings, textures, or the like. 
       FIG.  8    depicts an example schematic diagram of an electronic device  800 . By way of example, the device  800  of  FIG.  8    may correspond to the wearable electronic device  100  shown in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B  (or any other wearable electronic device described herein). To the extent that multiple functionalities, operations, and structures are disclosed as being part of, incorporated into, or performed by the device  800 , it should be understood that various embodiments may omit any or all such described functionalities, operations, and structures. Thus, different embodiments of the device  800  may have some, none, or all of the various capabilities, apparatuses, physical features, modes, and operating parameters discussed herein. 
     As shown in  FIG.  8   , a device  800  includes a processing unit  802  operatively connected to computer memory  804  and/or computer-readable media  806 . The processing unit  802  may be operatively connected to the memory  804  and computer-readable media  806  components via an electronic bus or bridge. The processing unit  802  may include one or more computer processors or microcontrollers that are configured to perform operations in response to computer-readable instructions. The processing unit  802  may include the central processing unit (CPU) of the device. Additionally or alternatively, the processing unit  802  may include other processors within the device including application specific integrated chips (ASIC) and other microcontroller devices. 
     The memory  804  may include a variety of types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media, including, for example, read access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable memory (e.g., EPROM and EEPROM), or flash memory. The memory  804  is configured to store computer-readable instructions, sensor values, and other persistent software elements. Computer-readable media  806  also includes a variety of types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media including, for example, a hard-drive storage device, a solid-state storage device, a portable magnetic storage device, or other similar device. The computer-readable media  806  may also be configured to store computer-readable instructions, sensor values, and other persistent software elements. 
     In this example, the processing unit  802  is operable to read computer-readable instructions stored on the memory  804  and/or computer-readable media  806 . The computer-readable instructions may adapt the processing unit  802  to perform the operations or functions described above with respect to  FIGS.  1 A- 7   . In particular, the processing unit  802 , the memory  804 , and/or the computer-readable media  806  may be configured to cooperate with a sensor  824  (e.g., an image sensor that detects input gestures applied to an imaging surface of a crown) to control the operation of a device in response to an input applied to a crown of a device (e.g., the crown  112 ). The computer-readable instructions may be provided as a computer-program product, software application, or the like. 
     As shown in  FIG.  8   , the device  800  also includes a display  808 . The display  808  may include a liquid-crystal display (LCD), organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, light emitting diode (LED) display, or the like. If the display  808  is an LCD, the display  808  may also include a backlight component that can be controlled to provide variable levels of display brightness. If the display  808  is an OLED or LED type display, the brightness of the display  808  may be controlled by modifying the electrical signals that are provided to display elements. The display  808  may correspond to any of the displays shown or described herein. 
     The device  800  may also include a battery  809  that is configured to provide electrical power to the components of the device  800 . The battery  809  may include one or more power storage cells that are linked together to provide an internal supply of electrical power. The battery  809  may be operatively coupled to power management circuitry that is configured to provide appropriate voltage and power levels for individual components or groups of components within the device  800 . The battery  809 , via power management circuitry, may be configured to receive power from an external source, such as an AC power outlet. The battery  809  may store received power so that the device  800  may operate without connection to an external power source for an extended period of time, which may range from several hours to several days. 
     In some embodiments, the device  800  includes one or more input devices  810 . An input device  810  is a device that is configured to receive user input. The one or more input devices  810  may include, for example, a push button, a touch-activated button, a keyboard, a key pad, or the like (including any combination of these or other components). In some embodiments, the input device  810  may provide a dedicated or primary function, including, for example, a power button, volume buttons, home buttons, scroll wheels, and camera buttons. Generally, a touch sensor or a force sensor may also be classified as an input device. However, for purposes of this illustrative example, the touch sensor  820  and a force sensor  822  are depicted as distinct components within the device  800 . 
     In some embodiments, the device  800  includes one or more output devices  818 . An output device  818  is a device that is configured to produce an output that is perceivable by a user. The one or more output devices  818  may include, for example, a speaker (e.g., the speaker  206 , or any other speaker described herein), a light source (e.g., an indicator light), an audio transducer, a haptic actuator, or the like. 
     The device  800  may also include one or more sensors  824 . In some cases, the sensors may include a sensor that determines conditions of an ambient environment external to the device  800 , such as a pressure sensor (which may include the pressure-sensing component  208 , or any other pressure-sensing component described herein), a temperature sensor, a liquid sensor (e.g., which may include the liquid-sensing element  210 , or any other liquid-sensing element described herein), or the like. The sensors  824  may also include a sensor that detects inputs provided by a user to a crown of the device (e.g., the crown  112 ). As described above, the sensor  824  may include sensing circuitry and other sensing elements that facilitate sensing of gesture inputs applied to an imaging surface of a crown, as well as other types of inputs applied to the crown (e.g., rotational inputs, translational or axial inputs, axial touches, or the like). The sensor  824  may include an optical sensing element, such as a charge-coupled device (CCD), complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), or the like. The sensor  824  may correspond to any sensors described herein or that may be used to provide the sensing functions described herein. 
     The device  800  may also include a touch sensor  820  that is configured to determine a location of a touch on a touch-sensitive surface of the device  800  (e.g., an input surface defined by the portion of a cover  108  over a display  109 ). The touch sensor  820  may use or include capacitive sensors, resistive sensors, surface acoustic wave sensors, piezoelectric sensors, strain gauges, or the like. In some cases the touch sensor  820  associated with a touch-sensitive surface of the device  800  may include a capacitive array of electrodes or nodes that operate in accordance with a mutual-capacitance or self-capacitance scheme. The touch sensor  820  may be integrated with one or more layers of a display stack (e.g., the display  109 ) to provide the touch-sensing functionality of a touchscreen. Moreover, the touch sensor  820 , or a portion thereof, may be used to sense motion of a user&#39;s finger as it slides along a surface of a crown, as described herein. 
     The device  800  may also include a force sensor  822  that is configured to receive and/or detect force inputs applied to a user input surface of the device  800  (e.g., the display  109 ). The force sensor  822  may use or include capacitive sensors, resistive sensors, surface acoustic wave sensors, piezoelectric sensors, strain gauges, or the like. In some cases, the force sensor  822  may include or be coupled to capacitive sensing elements that facilitate the detection of changes in relative positions of the components of the force sensor (e.g., deflections caused by a force input). The force sensor  822  may be integrated with one or more layers of a display stack (e.g., the display  109 ) to provide force-sensing functionality of a touchscreen. 
     The device  800  may also include a communication port  828  that is configured to transmit and/or receive signals or electrical communication from an external or separate device. The communication port  828  may be configured to couple to an external device via a cable, adaptor, or other type of electrical connector. In some embodiments, the communication port  828  may be used to couple the device  800  to an accessory, including a dock or case, a stylus or other input device, smart cover, smart stand, keyboard, or other device configured to send and/or receive electrical signals. 
     The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required in order to practice the described embodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of the specific embodiments described herein are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not targeted to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. Also, when used herein to refer to positions of components, the terms above and below, or their synonyms, do not necessarily refer to an absolute position relative to an external reference, but instead refer to the relative position of components with reference to the figures.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20230703
Publication Date: 20240924
Grant Date: 20240924
Priority Date: 20180830
Inventors: LIANG, Jiahui
YANG, SHANNON X.
Lukens, William C.
GILL, Mandeep
WANG, JEANNY
LEE, WILLIAM S.
JACKSON, STEPHEN P.
EHMAN, Rex T.
ELY, COLIN M.
VITT, Nikolas T.
NESS, TREVOR J.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04R2201/023", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R1/028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G17/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R1/2842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R1/028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G17/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G17/04", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R1/2842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R1/028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G17/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G17/04", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/02", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/02", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/02", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R2201/023", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R1/028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G17/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G04G21/02", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 67480311