PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10175879-B2
Application Number: US-201514857636-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Device, method, and graphical user interface for zooming a user interface while performing a drag operation

Abstract:
An electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and one or more intensity sensors displays content. While a focus selector is over the content, the device detects a gesture on the touch-sensitive surface, the gesture including a first contact on the touch-sensitive surface and movement of the first contact across the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to movement of the focus selector on the display. In response to detecting the gesture, when the contact has an intensity below a selection intensity threshold, the device scrolls the content on the display in accordance with the movement of the focus selector on the display without selecting the content. In response to detecting the gesture, when the contact has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold, the device selects at least a portion of the content in accordance with the movement of the focus selector over the content.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method, comprising:
 at an electronic device with a touch-sensitive surface and a display, wherein the device includes one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface:
 displaying a user interface at a first zoom level on the display, wherein the user interface includes a plurality of user interface objects, including a first user interface object and a second user interface object; 
 while the user interface is displayed at the first zoom level, detecting a first input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; 
 in response to detecting the first input, initiating a respective operation associated with the user interface, wherein the respective operation includes moving the first user interface object relative to the second user interface object in accordance with the movement of the contact in the first input; 
 after initiating the respective operation:
 detecting a second input, wherein detecting the second input includes detecting an increase in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and, 
 in response to detecting the second input, zooming the user interface to a second zoom level, different from the first zoom level, in accordance with the increase in intensity of the contact, wherein zooming the user interface to the second zoom level includes changing a size of the first user interface object and the second user interface object; and, 
 
 while the user interface is displayed at the second zoom level:
 detecting a third input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and, 
 in response to detecting the third input, completing the respective operation, 
 
 
 wherein completing the respective operation includes continuing to move the first user interface object relative to the second user interface object in accordance with the movement of the contact in the third input. 
 
     
     
       2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first input, the second input and the third input are performed sequentially by a same continuously detected contact on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 2 , including, after zooming the user interface to the second zoom level:
 detecting a fourth input, wherein detecting the fourth input includes detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and 
 in response to detecting the fourth input, zooming the user interface to a third zoom level different from the second zoom level and the first zoom level in accordance with the decrease in intensity of the contact. 
 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 1 , including, after completing the respective operation:
 detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input; and 
 in response to detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, displaying the user interface at the first zoom level. 
 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , including, after completing the respective operation:
 detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input; and 
 in response to detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, maintaining display of the user interface at the second zoom level. 
 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the second zoom level is dynamically selected in accordance with a current intensity of the contact corresponding to the second input. 
     
     
       7. The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the second input includes one or more cycles of increasing the intensity of a respective contact above a first intensity threshold starting at a lower intensity threshold that is below the first intensity threshold; and 
 the second zoom level is selected in accordance with a number of cycles that the respective contact has increased above the first intensity threshold and a predefined zoom-level increment. 
 
     
     
       8. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the touch-sensitive surface is a fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       9. An electronic device, comprising:
 a display; 
 a touch-sensitive surface; 
 one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface; 
 one or more processors; 
 memory; and 
 one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
 displaying a user interface at a first zoom level on the display, wherein the user interface includes a plurality of user interface objects, including a first user interface object and a second user interface object; 
 while the user interface is displayed at the first zoom level, detecting a first input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; 
 in response to detecting the first input, initiating a respective operation associated with the user interface, wherein the respective operation includes moving the first user interface object relative to the second user interface object in accordance with the movement of the contact in the first input; 
 after initiating the respective operation:
 detecting a second input, wherein detecting the second input includes detecting an increase in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and, 
 in response to detecting the second input, zooming the user interface to a second zoom level, different from the first zoom level, in accordance with the increase in intensity of the contact, wherein zooming the user interface to the second zoom level includes changing a size of the first user interface object and the second user interface object; and, 
 
 while the user interface is displayed at the second zoom level:
 detecting a third input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and, 
 in response to detecting the third input, completing the respective operation wherein completing the respective operation includes continuing to move the first user interface object relative to the second user interface object in accordance with the movement of the contact in the third input. 
 
 
 
     
     
       10. The electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein the first input, the second input and the third input are performed sequentially by a same continuously detected contact on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     
     
       11. The electronic device of  claim 10 , wherein the one or more programs include instructions for, after zooming the user interface to the second zoom level:
 detecting a fourth input, wherein detecting the fourth input includes detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and 
 in response to detecting the fourth input, zooming the user interface to a third zoom level different from the second zoom level and the first zoom level in accordance with the decrease in intensity of the contact. 
 
     
     
       12. The electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein the one or more programs include instructions for, after completing the respective operation:
 detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input; and 
 in response to detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, displaying the user interface at the first zoom level. 
 
     
     
       13. The electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein the one or more programs include instructions for, after completing the respective operation:
 detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input; and 
 in response to detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, maintaining display of the user interface at the second zoom level. 
 
     
     
       14. The electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein the second zoom level is dynamically selected in accordance with a current intensity of the contact corresponding to the second input. 
     
     
       15. The electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the second input includes one or more cycles of increasing the intensity of a respective contact above a first intensity threshold starting at a lower intensity threshold that is below the first intensity threshold; and 
 the second zoom level is selected in accordance with a number of cycles that the respective contact has increased above the first intensity threshold and a predefined zoom-level increment. 
 
     
     
       16. The electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein the touch-sensitive surface is a fingerprint sensor. 
     
     
       17. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions which, when executed by an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, cause the device to:
 display a user interface at a first zoom level on the display, wherein the user interface includes a plurality of user interface objects, including a first user interface object and a second user interface object; 
 while the user interface is displayed at the first zoom level, detect a first input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; 
 in response to detecting the first input, initiate a respective operation associated with the user interface, wherein the respective operation includes moving the first user interface object relative to the second user interface object in accordance with the movement of the contact in the first input; 
 after initiating the respective operation:
 detect a second input, wherein detecting the second input includes detecting an increase in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and 
 in response to detecting the second input, zoom the user interface to a second zoom level different from the first zoom level in accordance with the increase in intensity of the contact, wherein zooming the user interface to the second zoom level includes changing a size of the first user interface object and the second user interface object; and, 
 
 while the user interface is displayed at the second zoom level:
 detect a third input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and 
 in response to detecting the third input, complete the respective operation, 
 
 
       wherein completing the respective operation includes continuing to move the first user interface object relative to the second user interface object in accordance with the movement of the contact in the third input. 
     
     
       18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the first input, the second input and the third input are performed sequentially by a same continuously detected contact on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     
     
       19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 18 , wherein the one or more programs comprise instructions which cause the device to, after zooming the user interface to the second zoom level:
 detect a fourth input, wherein detecting the fourth input includes detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; and 
 in response to detecting the fourth input, zoom the user interface to a third zoom level different from the second zoom level and the first zoom level in accordance with the decrease in intensity of the contact. 
 
     
     
       20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the one or more programs comprise instructions which cause the device to, after completing the respective operation:
 detect liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input; and 
 in response to detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, display the user interface at the first zoom level. 
 
     
     
       21. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the one or more programs comprise instructions which cause the device to, after completing the respective operation:
 detect liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input; and 
 in response to detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, maintain display of the user interface at the second zoom level. 
 
     
     
       22. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the second zoom level is dynamically selected in accordance with a current intensity of the contact corresponding to the second input. 
     
     
       23. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein:
 the second input includes one or more cycles of increasing the intensity of a respective contact above a first intensity threshold starting at a lower intensity threshold that is below the first intensity threshold; and 
 the second zoom level is selected in accordance with a number of cycles that the respective contact has increased above the first intensity threshold and a predefined zoom-level increment. 
 
     
     
       24. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 17 , wherein the touch-sensitive surface is a fingerprint sensor.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/608,985, filed Jan. 29, 2015, which is a continuation of PCT Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069486, filed on Nov. 11, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Determining Whether to Scroll or Select Content,” which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,416, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Determining Whether to Scroll or Select Content;” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/747,278, filed Dec. 29, 2012, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating User Interface Objects with Visual and/or Haptic Feedback,” which applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. 
     This application is also related to the following: U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,092, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Selecting Object within a Group of Objects;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,125, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Navigating User Interface Hierarchies;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,156, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating Framed Graphical Objects;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,179, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Scrolling Nested Regions;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,171, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying Additional Information in Response to a User Contact;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,191, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,211, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Facilitating User Interaction with Controls in a User Interface;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,239, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Forgoing Generation of Tactile Output for a Multi-Contact Gesture;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,284, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Providing Tactile Feedback for Operations Performed in a User Interface;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,287, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Providing Feedback for Changing Activation States of a User Interface Object;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,363, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning between Touch Input to Display Output Relationships;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,367, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Moving a User Interface Object Based on an Intensity of a Press Input;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,265, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning between Display States in Response to a Gesture;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,373, filed on Mar. 12, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Managing Activation of a Control Based on Contact Intensity;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,412, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying Content Associated with a Corresponding Affordance;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,413, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Selecting User Interface Objects;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,414, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Moving and Dropping a User Interface Object;” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,418, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Switching between User Interfaces,” which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
     This application is also related to the following: U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/645,033, filed on May 9, 2012, entitled “Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices;” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/665,603, filed on Jun. 28, 2012, entitled “Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices;” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/681,098, filed on Aug. 8, 2012, entitled “Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices,” which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This relates generally to electronic devices with touch-sensitive surfaces, including but not limited to electronic devices with touch-sensitive surfaces that detect inputs for manipulating user interfaces. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The use of touch-sensitive surfaces as input devices for computers and other electronic computing devices has increased significantly in recent years. Exemplary touch-sensitive surfaces include touch pads and touch screen displays. Such surfaces are widely used to manipulate user interface objects on a display. 
     Exemplary manipulations include adjusting the position and/or size of one or more user interface objects or activating buttons or opening files/applications represented by user interface objects, as well as associating metadata with one or more user interface objects or otherwise manipulating user interfaces. Exemplary user interface objects include digital images, video, text, icons, control elements such as buttons and other graphics. A user will, in some circumstances, need to perform such manipulations on user interface objects in a file management program (e.g., Finder from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), an image management application (e.g., Aperture or iPhoto from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a digital content (e.g., videos and music) management application (e.g., iTunes from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a drawing application, a presentation application (e.g., Keynote from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a word processing application (e.g., Pages from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a website creation application (e.g., iWeb from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), a disk authoring application (e.g., iDVD from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), or a spreadsheet application (e.g., Numbers from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.). 
     But existing methods for performing these manipulations are cumbersome and inefficient. In addition, existing methods take longer than necessary, thereby wasting energy. This latter consideration is particularly important in battery-operated devices. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, there is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for manipulating user interfaces. Such methods and interfaces optionally complement or replace conventional methods for manipulating user interfaces. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     The above deficiencies and other problems associated with user interfaces for electronic devices with touch-sensitive surfaces are reduced or eliminated by the disclosed devices. In some embodiments, the device is a desktop computer. In some embodiments, the device is portable (e.g., a notebook computer, tablet computer, or handheld device). In some embodiments, the device has a touchpad. In some embodiments, the device has a touch-sensitive display (also known as a “touch screen” or “touch screen display”). In some embodiments, the device has a graphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors, memory and one or more modules, programs or sets of instructions stored in the memory for performing multiple functions. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the GUI primarily through finger contacts and gestures on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the functions optionally include image editing, drawing, presenting, word processing, website creating, disk authoring, spreadsheet making, game playing, telephoning, video conferencing, e-mailing, instant messaging, workout support, digital photographing, digital videoing, web browsing, digital music playing, and/or digital video playing. Executable instructions for performing these functions are, optionally, included in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for zooming a user interface while performing an operation. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for zooming a user interface while performing an operation. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: displaying a user interface at a first zoom level on the display; while the user interface is displayed at the first zoom level, detecting a first input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface; in response to detecting the first input, initiating a respective operation associated with the user interface; after initiating the respective operation: detecting a second input, where detecting the second input includes detecting an increase in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface, and in response to detecting the second input, zooming the user interface to a second zoom level different from the first zoom level in accordance with the increase in intensity of the contact. The method further includes, while the user interface is displayed at the second zoom level: detecting a third input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface, and in response to detecting the third input, completing the respective operation. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display a user interface at a first zoom level on the display unit, a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive inputs and contacts, one or more sensor units to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit, and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, the touch-sensitive surface unit, and the sensor units. The processing unit is configured to: while the user interface is displayed at the first zoom level, detect a first input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit; in response to detecting the first input, initiate a respective operation associated with the user interface; after initiating the respective operation: detect a second input, where detecting the second input includes detecting an increase in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit, and in response to detecting the second input, zoom the user interface to a second zoom level different from the first zoom level in accordance with the increase in intensity of the contact The processing unit is further configured to, while the user interface is displayed at the second zoom level: detect a third input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit, and in response to detecting the third input, complete the respective operation. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for zooming a user interface while performing an operation, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for zooming a user interface while performing an operation. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for determining whether to scroll or select content, for example, to more efficiently select and scroll content displayed on a user interface. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for interacting with user interface content. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: displaying content on the display. The method further includes, while a focus selector is over the content, detecting a gesture on the touch-sensitive surface, the gesture including a first contact on the touch-sensitive surface and movement of the first contact across the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to movement of the focus selector on the display. The method further includes, in response to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the first contact has an intensity below a selection intensity threshold, scrolling the content on the display in accordance with movement of the focus selector on the display without selecting the content; and in accordance with a determination that the first contact has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold, selecting at least a portion of the content in accordance with the movement of the focus selector over the content. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display content, a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive user contacts, one or more sensors configured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, the touch-sensitive surface unit and the sensors. The processing unit is configured to: display content on the display unit. The processing unit is further configured to, while a focus selector is over the content, detect a gesture on the touch-sensitive surface unit, the gesture including a first contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit and movement of the first contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit that corresponds to movement of the focus selector on the display unit. The processing unit is further configured to, in response to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the first contact has an intensity below a selection intensity threshold, scroll the content on the display unit in accordance with movement of the focus selector on the display unit without selecting the content; and in accordance with a determination that the first contact has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold, select at least a portion of the content in accordance with the movement of the focus selector over the content. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for determining whether to scroll or select content, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for interacting with user interface content. 
     There is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for determining whether to scroll or enlarge content, for example, to more efficiently magnify and edit content displayed on a user interface. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for interacting with user interface content. Such methods and interfaces reduce the cognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: displaying, on the display, content at a first size. The method further includes, while a focus selector is over the content, detecting a gesture on the touch-sensitive surface, the gesture including a contact on the touch-sensitive surface and movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to movement of the focus selector over the content on the display. The method further includes, in response to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity below a first intensity threshold, scrolling the content on the display in accordance with movement of the focus selector on the display while maintaining display of the content at the first size; and in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity above the first intensity threshold, displaying an enlarged representation of a portion of the content corresponding to a location of the focus selector in the content, where the enlarged representation is displayed at a second size larger than the first size. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unit configured to display content; a touch-sensitive surface unit configured to receive user contacts, one or more sensors configured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit and a processing unit coupled to the display unit, the touch-sensitive surface unit and the sensors. The processing unit is configured to: enable display of content at a first size on the display unit. The processing unit is further configures to, while a focus selector is over the content, detect a gesture on the touch-sensitive surface unit, the gesture including a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit and movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit that corresponds to movement of the focus selector over the content on the display unit. The processing unit is further configured to, in response to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity below a first intensity threshold, scroll the content on the display unit in accordance with movement of the focus selector on the display unit while maintaining display of the content at the first size; and in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity above the first intensity threshold, enable display of an enlarged representation of a portion of the content corresponding to a location of the focus selector in the content, where the enlarged representation is displayed at a second size larger than the first size. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface are provided with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for determining whether to scroll or enlarge content, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for interacting with user interface content. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, one or more processors, memory, and one or more programs; the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors and the one or more programs include instructions for performing the operations of any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, a graphical user interface on an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, a memory, and one or more processors to execute one or more programs stored in the memory includes one or more of the elements displayed in any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments, which are updated in response to inputs, as described in any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, a computer readable storage medium has stored therein instructions which when executed by an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and optionally one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, cause the device to perform the operations of any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes: a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and optionally one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface; and means for performing the operations of any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, an information processing apparatus, for use in an electronic device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, includes means for performing the operations of any of the methods referred to in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures. 
         FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction device with a touch-sensitive display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screen in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4A  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4B  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunction device with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 5A-5W  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for zooming a user interface while performing an operation in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 6A-6D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of zooming a user interface while performing an operation in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 7  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 8A-8AA  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for determining whether to scroll or select content in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 9A-9E  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of determining whether to scroll or select content in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 10  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 11A-11Y  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for interacting with user interface content in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 12A-12C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of interacting with user interface content in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 13  is a functional block diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The methods, devices and GUIs described herein provide visual and/or haptic feedback that makes manipulation of user interface objects more efficient and intuitive for a user. For example, in a system where the clicking action of a trackpad is decoupled from the contact intensity (e.g., contact force, contact pressure, or a substitute therefore) that is needed to reach an activation threshold, the device can generate different tactile outputs (e.g., “different clicks”) for different activation events (e.g., so that clicks that accomplish a particular result are differentiated from clicks that do not produce any result or that accomplish a different result from the particular result). Additionally, tactile outputs can be generated in response to other events that are not related to increasing intensity of a contact, such as generating a tactile output (e.g., a “detent”) when a user interface object is moved to a particular position, boundary or orientation, or when an event occurs at the device. 
     Additionally, in a system where a trackpad or touch-screen display is sensitive to a range of contact intensity that includes more than one or two specific intensity values (e.g., more than a simple on/off, binary intensity determination), the user interface can provide responses (e.g., visual or tactile cues) that are indicative of the intensity of the contact within the range. In some implementations, a pre-activation-threshold response and/or a post-activation-threshold response to an input are displayed as continuous animations. As one example of such a response, a preview of an operation is displayed in response to detecting an increase in contact intensity that is still below an activation threshold for performing the operation. As another example of such a response, an animation associated with an operation continues even after the activation threshold for the operation has been reached. Both of these examples provide a user with a continuous response to the force or pressure of a user&#39;s contact, which provides a user with visual and/or haptic feedback that is richer and more intuitive. More specifically, such continuous force responses give the user the experience of being able to press lightly to preview an operation and/or press deeply to push “past” or “through” a predefined user interface state corresponding to the operation. 
     Additionally, for a device with a touch-sensitive surface that is sensitive to a range of contact intensity, multiple contact intensity thresholds can be monitored by the device and different functions can be mapped to different contact intensity thresholds. This serves to increase the available “gesture space” providing easy access to advanced features for users who know that increasing the intensity of a contact at or beyond a second “deep press” intensity threshold will cause the device to perform a different operation from an operation that would be performed if the intensity of the contact is between a first “activation” intensity threshold and the second “deep press” intensity threshold. An advantage of assigning additional functionality to a second “deep press” intensity threshold while maintaining familiar functionality at a first “activation” intensity threshold is that inexperienced users who are, in some circumstances, confused by the additional functionality can use the familiar functionality by just applying an intensity up to the first “activation” intensity threshold, whereas more experienced users can take advantage of the additional functionality by applying an intensity at the second “deep press” intensity threshold. 
     Additionally, for a device with a touch-sensitive surface that is sensitive to a range of contact intensity, the device can provide additional functionality by allowing users to perform complex operations with a single continuous contact. For example, when selecting a group of objects, a user can move a continuous contact around the touch-sensitive surface and can press while dragging (e.g., applying an intensity greater than a “deep press” intensity threshold) to add additional elements to a selection. In this way, a user can intuitively interact with a user interface where pressing harder with a contact causes objects in the user interface to be “stickier.” 
     A number of different approaches to providing an intuitive user interface on a device where a clicking action is decoupled from the force that is needed to reach an activation threshold and/or the device is sensitive to a wide range of contact intensities are described below. Using one or more of these approaches (optionally in conjunction with each other) helps to provide a user interface that intuitively provides users with additional information and functionality, thereby reducing the user&#39;s cognitive burden and improving the human-machine interface. Such improvements in the human-machine interface enable users to use the device faster and more efficiently. For battery-operated devices, these improvements conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. For ease of explanation, systems, methods and user interfaces for including illustrative examples of some of these approaches are described below, as follows:
         Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that are responsive to user inputs and enable the user to request performance of an operation (e.g., scroll a document, move a user interface object) in accordance with the user inputs. In some circumstances (e.g., for greater accuracy), it is convenient to make the input in a “zoomed-in” user interface. User inputs for zooming and user inputs for activating operations are often distinct, and require sequential performance. It would be beneficial to provide a way for a user to zoom while making a user input for activating an operation (for example, to allow a user to drag an object across a wide area and then zoom into accurately place the object). The embodiments described below provide a convenient and intuitive method of zooming a user interface, in accordance with an intensity of a contact, while performing an operation. In particular,  FIG. 5A-5W  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for zooming a user interface while performing an operation.  FIGS. 6A-6D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of zooming a user interface while performing an operation. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 5A-5W  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 6A-6D .   Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that display content upon which multiple operations are, optionally, performed with the same type of gesture (e.g., gestures are overloaded). Sometimes, overloaded gestures are distinguished based on context or a selected mode of operation however separately selecting a mode of operation and performing a gesture can be confusing and inefficient for a user. Thus, it would be beneficial to provide users with an additional degree of control over which of the multiple operations corresponding to a single gesture are performed. The embodiments described below provide a convenient and efficient method of determining whether to scroll or select content based on the intensity of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface. In particular,  FIGS. 8A-8AA  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for determining whether to scroll or select content.  FIGS. 9A-9E  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of determining whether to scroll or select content. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 8A-8AA  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 9A-9E .   Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that display content upon which multiple operations are, optionally, performed with the same type of gesture (e.g., gestures are overloaded). Sometimes, overloaded gestures are distinguished based on context or a selected mode of operation however separately selecting a mode of operation and performing a gesture can be confusing and inefficient for a user. Thus, it would be beneficial to provide users with an additional level of control over which of the multiple operations corresponding to a single gesture are performed. The embodiments described below provide a convenient and efficient method of for determining whether to scroll or enlarge content based on the intensity of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface. In particular,  FIGS. 11A-11Y  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for determining whether to scroll or enlarge content.  FIGS. 12A-12C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of determining whether to scroll or enlarge content. The user interfaces in  FIGS. 11A-11Y  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS. 12A-12C .       

     Exemplary Devices 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the various described embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. are, in some instances, used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first contact could be termed a second contact, and, similarly, a second contact could be termed a first contact, without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments. The first contact and the second contact are both contacts, but they are not the same contact. 
     The terminology used in the description of the various described embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various described embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     As used herein, the term “if” is, optionally, construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” is, optionally, construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context. 
     Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as a mobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touch pads), are, optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screen display and/or a touch pad). 
     In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should be understood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick. 
     The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a workout support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that are executed on the device optionally use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface as well as corresponding information displayed on the device are, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the device optionally supports the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user. 
     Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices with touch-sensitive displays.  FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating portable multifunction device  100  with touch-sensitive displays  112  in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display  112  is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and is sometimes known as or called a touch-sensitive display system. Device  100  includes memory  102  (which optionally includes one or more computer readable storage mediums), memory controller  122 , one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  120 , peripherals interface  118 , RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  106 , other input or control devices  116 , and external port  124 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more optical sensors  164 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on device  100  (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100 ). Device  100  optionally includes one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs on device  100  (e.g., generating tactile outputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100  or touchpad  355  of device  300 ). These components optionally communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  103 . 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values that includes at least four distinct values and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., a weighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are converted to an estimated force or pressure and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output” refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component (e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relative to a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user with the user&#39;s sense of touch. For example, in situations where the device or the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a user that is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of a user&#39;s hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or the component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally, interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensation such as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user&#39;s movements. As another example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a user will be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a large majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “up click,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that will generate the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user. 
     It should be appreciated that device  100  is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device  100  optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG. 1A  are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  102  optionally includes high-speed random access memory and optionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  102  by other components of device  100 , such as CPU  120  and the peripherals interface  118 , is, optionally, controlled by memory controller  122 . 
     Peripherals interface  118  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU  120  and memory  102 . The one or more processors  120  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  102  to perform various functions for device  100  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, peripherals interface  118 , CPU  120 , and memory controller  122  are, optionally, implemented on a single chip, such as chip  104 . In some other embodiments, they are, optionally, implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  108  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  108  optionally communicates with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , and microphone  113  provide an audio interface between a user and device  100 . Audio circuitry  110  receives audio data from peripherals interface  118 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  111 . Speaker  111  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  113  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  118  for processing. Audio data is, optionally, retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  102  and/or RF circuitry  108  by peripherals interface  118 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  110  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  212 ,  FIG. 2 ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  110  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  106  couples input/output peripherals on device  100 , such as touch screen  112  and other input control devices  116 , to peripherals interface  118 . I/O subsystem  106  optionally includes display controller  156 , optical sensor controller  158 , intensity sensor controller  159 , haptic feedback controller  161  and one or more input controllers  160  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  160  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  116 . The other input control devices  116  optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  160  are, optionally, coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  208 ,  FIG. 2 ) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  111  and/or microphone  113 . The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g.,  206 ,  FIG. 2 ). 
     Touch-sensitive display  112  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller  156  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen  112 . Touch screen  112  displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output corresponds to user-interface objects. 
     Touch screen  112  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen  112  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen  112  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  optionally detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally has a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user optionally makes contact with touch screen  112  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  100  optionally includes a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen  112  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  100  also includes power system  162  for powering the various components. Power system  162  optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more optical sensors  164 .  FIG. 1A  shows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller  158  in I/O subsystem  106 . Optical sensor  164  optionally includes charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor  164  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), optical sensor  164  optionally captures still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display is enabled for use as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image is, optionally, obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165 .  FIG. 1A  shows a contact intensity sensor coupled to intensity sensor controller  159  in I/O subsystem  106 . Contact intensity sensor  165  optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors  166 .  FIG. 1A  shows proximity sensor  166  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, proximity sensor  166  is coupled to input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touch screen  112  when the multifunction device is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators  167 .  FIG. 1A  shows a tactile output generator coupled to haptic feedback controller  161  in I/O subsystem  106 . Tactile output generator  167  optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices such as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on the device). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module  133  and generates tactile outputs on device  100  that are capable of being sensed by a user of device  100 . In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in/out of a surface of device  100 ) or laterally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as a surface of device  100 ). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more accelerometers  168 .  FIG. 1A  shows accelerometer  168  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, accelerometer  168  is, optionally, coupled to an input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. Device  100  optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s)  168 , a magnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  100 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  102  include operating system  126 , communication module (or set of instructions)  128 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  130 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  132 , text input module (or set of instructions)  134 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  135 , and applications (or sets of instructions)  136 . Furthermore, in some embodiments memory  102  stores device/global internal state  157 , as shown in  FIGS. 1A and 3 . Device/global internal state  157  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display  112 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and input control devices  116 ; and location information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  126  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  128  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  124  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  108  and/or external port  124 . External port  124  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the 30-pin connector used on iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices. 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects contact with touch screen  112  (in conjunction with display controller  156 ) and other touch sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module  130  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact) determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module  130  receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  and display controller  156  detect contact on a touchpad. 
     In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device  100 ). For example, a mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of a large range of predefined thresholds values without changing the trackpad or touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjusting one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity” parameter). 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns and intensities. Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event. 
     Graphics module  132  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen  112  or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast or other visual property) of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. 
     In some embodiments, graphics module  132  stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module  132  receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller  156 . 
     Haptic feedback module  133  includes various software components for generating instructions used by tactile output generator(s)  167  to produce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device  100  in response to user interactions with device  100 . 
     Text input module  134 , which is, optionally, a component of graphics module  132 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  137 , e-mail  140 , IM  141 , browser  147 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     GPS module  135  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone  138  for use in location-based dialing, to camera  143  as picture/video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets). 
     Applications  136  optionally include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
         contacts module  137  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   telephone module  138 ;   video conferencing module  139 ;   e-mail client module  140 ;   instant messaging (IM) module  141 ;   workout support module  142 ;   camera module  143  for still and/or video images;   image management module  144 ;   browser module  147 ;   calendar module  148 ;   widget modules  149 , which optionally include one or more of: weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , dictionary widget  149 - 5 , and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   widget creator module  150  for making user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   search module  151 ;   video and music player module  152 , which is, optionally, made up of a video player module and a music player module;   notes module  153 ;   map module  154 ; and/or   online video module  155 .       

     Examples of other applications  136  that are, optionally, stored in memory  102  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , contacts module  137  are, optionally, used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state  192  of contacts module  137  in memory  102  or memory  370 ), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  138 , video conference  139 , e-mail  140 , or IM  141 ; and so forth. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , telephone module  138  are, optionally, used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in address book  137 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , contact list  137 , and telephone module  138 , videoconferencing module  139  includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140  includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module  144 , e-mail client module  140  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  143 . 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the instant messaging module  141  includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , map module  154 , and music player module  146 , workout support module  142  includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store and transmit workout data. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and image management module  144 , camera module  143  includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  102 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory  102 . 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and camera module  143 , image management module  144  includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , browser module  147  includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , calendar module  148  includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , widget modules  149  are mini-applications that are, optionally, downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , and dictionary widget  149 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget  149 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget creator module  150  are, optionally, used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , search module  151  includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  102  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , and browser module  147 , video and music player module  152  includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch screen  112  or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ). In some embodiments, device  100  optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , notes module  153  includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , and browser module  147 , map module  154  are, optionally, used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location; and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , online video module  155  includes instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module  141 , rather than e-mail client module  140 , is used to send a link to a particular online video. 
     Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  102  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, device  100  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device  100 , the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device  100  is, optionally, reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device  100  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that is displayed on device  100 . In such embodiments, a “menu button” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  (in  FIG. 1A ) or  370  ( FIG. 3 ) includes event sorter  170  (e.g., in operating system  126 ) and a respective application  136 - 1  (e.g., any of the aforementioned applications  137 - 151 ,  155 ,  380 - 390 ). 
     Event sorter  170  receives event information and determines the application  136 - 1  and application view  191  of application  136 - 1  to which to deliver the event information. Event sorter  170  includes event monitor  171  and event dispatcher module  174 . In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes application internal state  192 , which indicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch sensitive display  112  when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device/global internal state  157  is used by event sorter  170  to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, and application internal state  192  is used by event sorter  170  to determine application views  191  to which to deliver event information. 
     In some embodiments, application internal state  192  includes additional information, such as one or more of: resume information to be used when application  136 - 1  resumes execution, user interface state information that indicates information being displayed or that is ready for display by application  136 - 1 , a state queue for enabling the user to go back to a prior state or view of application  136 - 1 , and a redo/undo queue of previous actions taken by the user. 
     Event monitor  171  receives event information from peripherals interface  118 . Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display  112 , as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface  118  transmits information it receives from I/O subsystem  106  or a sensor, such as proximity sensor  166 , accelerometer(s)  168 , and/or microphone  113  (through audio circuitry  110 ). Information that peripherals interface  118  receives from I/O subsystem  106  includes information from touch-sensitive display  112  or a touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, event monitor  171  sends requests to the peripherals interface  118  at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface  118  transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripheral interface  118  transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration). 
     In some embodiments, event sorter  170  also includes a hit view determination module  172  and/or an active event recognizer determination module  173 . 
     Hit view determination module  172  provides software procedures for determining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views, when touch sensitive display  112  displays more than one view. Views are made up of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display. 
     Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes herein called application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) in which a touch is detected optionally correspond to programmatic levels within a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is, optionally, called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs are, optionally, determined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture. 
     Hit view determination module  172  receives information related to sub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module  172  identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which should handle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowest level view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (i.e., the first sub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determination module, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view. 
     Active event recognizer determination module  173  determines which view or views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that all views that include the physical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, and therefore determines that all actively involved views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touch sub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain as actively involved views. 
     Event dispatcher module  174  dispatches the event information to an event recognizer (e.g., event recognizer  180 ). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module  173 , event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined by active event recognizer determination module  173 . In some embodiments, event dispatcher module  174  stores in an event queue the event information, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver module  182 . 
     In some embodiments, operating system  126  includes event sorter  170 . Alternatively, application  136 - 1  includes event sorter  170 . In yet other embodiments, event sorter  170  is a stand-alone module, or a part of another module stored in memory  102 , such as contact/motion module  130 . 
     In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes a plurality of event handlers  190  and one or more application views  191 , each of which includes instructions for handling touch events that occur within a respective view of the application&#39;s user interface. Each application view  191  of the application  136 - 1  includes one or more event recognizers  180 . Typically, a respective application view  191  includes a plurality of event recognizers  180 . In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers  180  are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application  136 - 1  inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respective event handler  190  includes one or more of: data updater  176 , object updater  177 , GUI updater  178 , and/or event data  179  received from event sorter  170 . Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176 , object updater  177  or GUI updater  178  to update the application internal state  192 . Alternatively, one or more of the application views  191  includes one or more respective event handlers  190 . Also, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a respective application view  191 . 
     A respective event recognizer  180  receives event information (e.g., event data  179 ) from event sorter  170 , and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer  180  includes event receiver  182  and event comparator  184 . In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  also includes at least a subset of: metadata  183 , and event delivery instructions  188  (which optionally include sub-event delivery instructions). 
     Event receiver  182  receives event information from event sorter  170 . The event information includes information about a sub-event, for example, a touch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as location of the sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the event information optionally also includes speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation (also called device attitude) of the device. 
     Event comparator  184  compares the event information to predefined event or sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines an event or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  includes event definitions  186 . Event definitions  186  contain definitions of events (e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event  1  ( 187 - 1 ), event  2  ( 187 - 2 ), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in an event  187  include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, the definition for event  1  ( 187 - 1 ) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition for event  2  ( 187 - 2 ) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, for example, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitive display  112 , and lift-off of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers  190 . 
     In some embodiments, event definition  187  includes a definition of an event for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which user-interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view in which three user-interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display  112 , when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display  112 , event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which of the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler  190 , the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler  190  should be activated. For example, event comparator  184  selects an event handler associated with the sub-event and the object triggering the hit test. 
     In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event  187  also includes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-events does or does not correspond to the event recognizer&#39;s event type. 
     When a respective event recognizer  180  determines that the series of sub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions  186 , the respective event recognizer  180  enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other event recognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  includes metadata  183  with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively involved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  activates event handler  190  associated with an event when one or more particular sub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  delivers event information associated with the event to event handler  190 . Activating an event handler  190  is distinct from sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view. In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  throws a flag associated with the recognized event, and event handler  190  associated with the flag catches the flag and performs a predefined process. 
     In some embodiments, event delivery instructions  188  include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver event information to event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved views receive the event information and perform a predetermined process. 
     In some embodiments, data updater  176  creates and updates data used in application  136 - 1 . For example, data updater  176  updates the telephone number used in contacts module  137 , or stores a video file used in video player module  145 . In some embodiments, object updater  177  creates and updates objects used in application  136 - 1 . For example, object updater  177  creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of a user-interface object. GUI updater  178  updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater  178  prepares display information and sends it to graphics module  132  for display on a touch-sensitive display. 
     In some embodiments, event handler(s)  190  includes or has access to data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178 . In some embodiments, data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a single module of a respective application  136 - 1  or application view  191 . In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules. 
     It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding event handling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies to other forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices  100  with input-devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movements such as taps, drags, scrolls, etc., on touch-pads; pen stylus inputs; movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements; biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to be recognized. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a portable multifunction device  100  having a touch screen  112  in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screen optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  200 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabled to select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  202  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  203  (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward) and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with device  100 . In some implementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  204 . As described previously, menu button  204  is, optionally, used to navigate to any application  136  in a set of applications that are, optionally executed on device  100 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen  112 . 
     In one embodiment, device  100  includes touch screen  112 , menu button  204 , push button  206  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  208 , Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  210 , head set jack  212 , and docking/charging external port  124 . Push button  206  is, optionally, used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device  100  also accepts verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  113 . Device  100  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on touch screen  112  and/or one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  100 . 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. Device  300  need not be portable. In some embodiments, device  300  is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child&#39;s learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device  300  typically includes one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  310 , one or more network or other communications interfaces  360 , memory  370 , and one or more communication buses  320  for interconnecting these components. Communication buses  320  optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communications between system components. Device  300  includes input/output (I/O) interface  330  comprising display  340 , which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface  330  also optionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)  350  and touchpad  355 , tactile output generator  357  for generating tactile outputs on device  300  (e.g., similar to tactile output generator(s)  167  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A ), sensors  359  (e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s)  165  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A ). Memory  370  includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solid state memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. Memory  370  optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from CPU(s)  310 . In some embodiments, memory  370  stores programs, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG. 1A ), or a subset thereof. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100 . For example, memory  370  of device  300  optionally stores drawing module  380 , presentation module  382 , word processing module  384 , website creation module  386 , disk authoring module  388 , and/or spreadsheet module  390 , while memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG. 1A ) optionally does not store these modules. 
     Each of the above identified elements in  FIG. 3  are, optionally, stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the above identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing a function described above. The above identified modules or programs (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  370  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) that is, optionally, implemented on portable multifunction device  100 . 
       FIG. 4A  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on portable multifunction device  100  in accordance with some embodiments. Similar user interfaces are, optionally, implemented on device  300 . In some embodiments, user interface  400  includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Signal strength indicator(s)  402  for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;   Time  404 ;   Bluetooth indicator  405 ;   Battery status indicator  406 ;   Tray  408  with icons for frequently used applications, such as:
           Icon  416  for telephone module  138 , labeled “Phone,” which optionally includes an indicator  414  of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages;   Icon  418  for e-mail client module  140 , labeled “Mail,” which optionally includes an indicator  410  of the number of unread e-mails;   Icon  420  for browser module  147 , labeled “Browser;” and   Icon  422  for video and music player module  152 , also referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module  152 , labeled “iPod;” and   
           Icons for other applications, such as:
           Icon  424  for IM module  141 , labeled “Text;”   Icon  426  for calendar module  148 , labeled “Calendar;”   Icon  428  for image management module  144 , labeled “Photos;”   Icon  430  for camera module  143 , labeled “Camera;”   Icon  432  for online video module  155 , labeled “Online Video”   Icon  434  for stocks widget  149 - 2 , labeled “Stocks;”   Icon  436  for map module  154 , labeled “Map;”   Icon  438  for weather widget  149 - 1 , labeled “Weather;”   Icon  440  for alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , labeled “Clock;”   Icon  442  for workout support module  142 , labeled “Workout Support;”   Icon  444  for notes module  153 , labeled “Notes;” and   Icon  446  for a settings application or module, which provides access to settings for device  100  and its various applications  136 .   
               

     It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in  FIG. 4A  are merely exemplary. For example, icon  422  for video and music player module  152  are labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Other labels are, optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, a label for a respective application icon includes a name of an application corresponding to the respective application icon. In some embodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct from a name of an application corresponding to the particular application icon. 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 ) with a touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., a tablet or touchpad  355 ,  FIG. 3 ) that is separate from the display  450  (e.g., touch screen display  112 ). Device  300  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors  359 ) for detecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or one or more tactile output generators  357  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  300 . 
     Although some of the examples which follow will be given with reference to inputs on touch screen display  112  (where the touch sensitive surface and the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects inputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, as shown in  FIG. 4B . In some embodiments the touch sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG. 4B ) has a primary axis (e.g.,  452  in  FIG. 4B ) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g.,  453  in  FIG. 4B ) on the display (e.g.,  450 ). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detects contacts (e.g.,  460  and  462  in  FIG. 4B ) with the touch-sensitive surface  451  at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in  FIG. 4B, 460  corresponds to  468  and  462  corresponds to  470 ). In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts  460  and  462 , and movements thereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG. 4B ) are used by the device to manipulate the user interface on the display (e.g.,  450  in  FIG. 4B ) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other user interfaces described herein. 
     Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., a mouse based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detect the contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneously detected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are, optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are, optionally, used simultaneously. 
     As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad  355  in  FIG. 3  or touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 4B ) while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations that include a touch-screen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112  in  FIG. 1A  or touch screen  112  in  FIG. 4A ) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touch-screen display, a detected contact on the touch-screen acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected on the touch-screen display at a location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region of the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on a touch-screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with movement of focus between different regions of the user interface. Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, the focus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on a touch-screen display) that is controlled by the user so as to communicate the user&#39;s intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interface with which the user is intending to interact). For example, the location of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact or a selection box) over a respective button while a press input is detected on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicate that the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposed to other user interface elements shown on a display of the device). 
     The user interface figures described below include various intensity diagrams that show the current intensity of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface relative to one or more intensity thresholds (e.g., a contact detection intensity threshold IT 0 , a light press intensity threshold IT L , a deep press intensity threshold IT D , and/or one or more other intensity thresholds). This intensity diagram is typically not part of the displayed user interface, but is provided to aid in the interpretation of the figures. In some embodiments, the light press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, the deep press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations that are different from operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, when a contact is detected with an intensity below the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and above a nominal contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  below which the contact is no longer detected), the device will move a focus selector in accordance with movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface without performing an operation associated with the light press intensity threshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally, unless otherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistent between different sets of user interface figures. 
     An increase of intensity of the contact from an intensity below the light press intensity threshold IT L  to an intensity between the light press intensity threshold IT L  and the deep press intensity threshold IT D  is sometimes referred to as a “light press” input. An increase of intensity of the contact from an intensity below the deep press intensity threshold IT D  to an intensity above the deep press intensity threshold IT D  is sometimes referred to as a “deep press” input. An increase of intensity of the contact from an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  to an intensity between the contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  and the light press intensity threshold IT L  is sometimes referred to as detecting the contact on the touch-surface. A decrease of intensity of the contact from an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  to an intensity below the contact intensity threshold IT 0  is sometimes referred to as detecting liftoff of the contact from the touch-surface. In some embodiments IT 0  is zero. In some embodiments IT 0  is greater than zero. In some illustrations a shaded circle or oval is used to represent intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some illustrations a circle or oval without shading is used represent a respective contact on the touch-sensitive surface without specifying the intensity of the respective contact. 
     In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations are performed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respective press input or in response to detecting the respective press input performed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), where the respective press input is detected based at least in part on detecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality of contacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective press input). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). 
     In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid accidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationship to the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensity threshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90% or some reasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press input is detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of the contact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and, optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g., the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity of the contact, depending on the circumstances). 
     For ease of explanation, the description of operations performed in response to a press input associated with a press-input intensity threshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are, optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase in intensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-input intensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensity threshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-input intensity threshold. 
     User Interfaces and Associated Processes 
     Zooming a User Interface while Performing an Operation 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that are responsive to user inputs and enable the user to request performance of an operation (e.g., scroll a document, move a user interface object) in accordance with the user inputs. In some circumstances, the user desires to perform the operation in a zoomed in user interface, in order to have more precision. In existing methods, if the user wants to zoom the user interface while in the middle of an operation, the user has to stop the operation, or partly complete the operation, to zoom the interface, and then resume the operation. The embodiments described below improve on existing methods by allowing the user to zoom the user interface in or out using the same continuous gesture or contact as the gesture or contact that is activating the operation. The user changes the intensity of the gesture or contact used to activate the operation to zoom the user interface in or out. Thus, the user can activate an operation and zoom the user interface with a smooth gesture or contact input. 
       FIGS. 5A-5W  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for zooming a user interface while performing an operation in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 6A-6D .  FIGS. 5A-5W  include intensity diagrams that show the current intensity of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface relative to a plurality of intensity thresholds including a light press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) and a deep press intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). In some embodiments, operations similar to those described below with reference to “IT L ” are performed with reference to a different intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch-sensitive display system  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 5A-5W  and  FIGS. 6A-6D  will be discussed with reference to display  450  and a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system  112  in response to detecting the contacts described in  FIGS. 5A-5W  on the touch-sensitive display system  112  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 5A-5W  on the touch-sensitive display system  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch-sensitive display system  112 , in place of cursor  18910 . 
       FIG. 5A  illustrates application window  18904  displayed on display  450  (e.g., display  340 , touch screen  112 ) of a device (e.g., device  300 , device  100 ). Application window  18904  is associated with an application (e.g., a web browser, an email application, a word processing application, a drawing application, a spreadsheet, a presentation, etc.). 
     Document  18906  is displayed in application window  18904 . Document  18906  is displayed at zoom level  18906 - a  in  FIG. 5A . Document  18906  is, optionally, a drawing or a presentation document. Document  18906  includes objects  18908 - 1 ,  18908 - 2 , and  18908 - 3 . Cursor  18910  is also displayed on display  450 . Cursor  18910  is an example of a focus selector. In  FIG. 5A , the device detects movement  18911  of contact  18912  to location  18912 - a  that corresponds to movement of cursor  18910  over user interface object  18908 - 1  while the intensity of contact  18912  is between IT 0  and IT L . In  FIG. 5B , cursor  18910  is located over, and puts focus on, object  18908 - 1 . 
       FIG. 5B  shows contact  18912  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  of the device. In  FIGS. 5A-5B , the device detects an increase in intensity of contact  18912  from an intensity between IT 0  and IT L  in  FIG. 5A  to an intensity above IT L  in  FIG. 5B . In response to detecting the increase in intensity of contact  18912  in  FIGS. 5A-5B , the device selects object  18908 - 1 . 
     In  FIGS. 5B-5C , movement  18914  of contact  18912  is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  while object  18908 - 1  is selected. Movement  18914  moves contact  18912  from location  18912 - a  in  FIG. 5B  to location  18912 - b  in  FIG. 5C  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In response to detection of movement  18914  of contact  18912 , cursor  18910  moves from location  18910 - a  to location  18910 - b  on display  450 , and object  18908 - 1  moves from location  18908 - 1 - a  to location  18908 - 1 - b  on display  450 , as shown in  FIG. 5C ; object  18908 - 1  is dragged to location  18908 - 1 - b  in accordance with movement  18914  of contact  18912 . In  FIGS. 5A-5C , contact  18912  remains continuously detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . 
       FIGS. 5C-5D  show the intensity of continuously detected contact  18912  increasing from an intensity between IT L  and IT D  in  FIG. 5C  to an intensity above IT D  in  FIG. 5D . In response to detection of the increase in the intensity of contact  18912  in  FIGS. 5C-5D , the device zooms document  18906  from zoom level  18906 - a  in  FIG. 5C  to zoom level  18906 - b  in  FIG. 5D , and objects  18908 - 1 ,  18908 - 2 , and  18908 - 3  are concurrently enlarged in accordance with the zooming of document  18906 . 
     In some embodiments, zoom level  18906 - b  is a predefined zoom level. In some other embodiments, zoom level  18906 - b  is dynamically selected in accordance with a maximum intensity of contact  18912  (e.g., zoom level  18906 - b  is selected from a range of zoom levels based on a maximum intensity of contact  18912 ). In some other embodiments, zoom level  18906 - b  is dynamically selected in accordance with the current intensity of contact  18912  (e.g., zoom level  18906 - b  is selected from a range of zoom levels based on a current intensity of contact  18912 ). 
       FIGS. 5E-5F  show, while document  18906  is displayed at zoom level  18906 - b , the device detecting movement  18916  of contact  18912  on touch-sensitive surface  451  while object  18908 - 1  is still selected. Movement  18916  moves contact  18912  from location  18912 - b  in  FIG. 5E  to location  18912 - c  in  FIG. 5F  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In response to detection of movement  18916  of contact  18912 , cursor  18910  moves from location  18910 - b  in  FIG. 5E  to location  18910 - c  in  FIG. 5F  on display  450 , and object  18908 - 1  moves from location  18908 - 1 - b  in  FIG. 5E  to location  18908 - 1 - c  in  FIG. 5F  on display  450 ; object  18908 - 1  is dragged to location  18908 - 1 - c  in accordance with movement  18916  of contact  18912 . Document  18906  remains at zoom level  18906 - b  (e.g., while contact  18912  continues to have an intensity above IT D  or a hysteresis intensity threshold associated with, and below, IT D ). At this point, contact  18912  is, optionally, lifted off touch-sensitive surface  451  to complete the movement of object  18908 - 1  (e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 5G and 5H ). In some embodiments, movement of object  18908 - 1  is completed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of contact  18912  below IT L  or a hysteresis intensity threshold associated with, and below, IT L  even if the contact continues to be detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . 
     In  FIGS. 5G-5H , after detecting movement  18916  of contact  18912 , contact  18912  is, optionally, lifted off from touch-sensitive surface  451 . In some embodiments, in response to detection of the liftoff of contact  18912 , document  18906  reverts back to zoom level  18906 - a , as shown in  FIG. 5G , and objects  18908 - 1 ,  18908 - 2 , and  18908 - 3  also revert zoom level along with document  18906  reverting back to zoom level  18906 - a . In some embodiments, in response to detection of the liftoff of contact  18912 , document  18906  remains at zoom level  18906 - b , as shown in  FIG. 5H , and objects  18908 - 1 ,  18908 - 2 , and  18908 - 3  maintain zoom level along with document  18906 . 
     In  FIGS. 5F and 5I , after detecting movement  18916  of contact  18912 , the intensity of contact  18912  is, optionally, decreased without lifting off contact  18912 . For example,  FIGS. 5F and 5I  show the intensity of contact  18912  decreasing from an intensity above IT D  in  FIG. 5F  to an intensity between IT L  and IT D  in  FIG. 5I . In response to detection of the decrease in the intensity of contact  18912  in  FIGS. 5F and 5I , document  18906  zooms from zoom level  18906 - b  to zoom level  18906 - c , as shown in Figure SI, and objects  18908 - 1 ,  18908 - 2 , and  18908 - 3  also zoom along with document  18906 . 
     In  FIGS. 5I-5J , the intensity of contact  18912  continues to be decreased without lifting off contact  18912 . For example,  FIGS. 5I-5J  show the intensity of contact  18912  decreasing from an intensity between IT L  and IT D  in  FIG. 5I  to an intensity between IT 0  and IT L  in  FIG. 5J . In response to detection of the decrease in the intensity of contact  18912  in  FIGS. 5I-5J , document  18906  zooms from zoom level  18906 - c  to zoom level  18906 - a , as shown in  FIG. 5J , and objects  18908 - 1 ,  18908 - 2 , and  18908 - 3  also zoom along with document  18906 . Zoom level  18906 - c  is different from zoom level  18906 - a  and  18906 - b . For example, zoom level  18906 - c  is, optionally, higher than zoom level  18906 - a  but lower than zoom level  18906 - b.    
       FIG. 5K  illustrates application window  18920  displayed on display  450 . Application window  18920 , like application window  18904 , is associated with an application (e.g., a web browser, an email application, a word processing application, a drawing application, a spreadsheet, a presentation, etc.). Document  18922  is displayed in application window  18920 . Document  18922  is displayed at zoom level  18922 - a . Document  18922  is, optionally, a web page, a word processing document, or a text document. Document  18922  includes content  18924  (e.g., text). In  FIG. 5K , portion  18924 - a  of content  18924  is displayed in document  18922 . 
       FIG. 5K  shows contact  18926  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . Contact  18926  has an intensity between IT 0  and IT L . In  FIGS. 5K-5L , movement  18928  of contact  18926  is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . Movement  18928  moves contact  18926  from location  18926 - a  in  FIG. 5K  to location  18926 - b  in  FIG. 5L  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In response to the detection of movement  18928  of contact  18926 , document  18922  is scrolled. In accordance with the scrolling of document  18922 , portion  18924 - b  of content  18924  is displayed, as shown in  FIG. 5L . 
     After movement  18928 , contact  18926  is lifted off, and then new contact  18930  is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , as shown in  FIG. 5M . Contact  18930  has an intensity between IT 0  and IT L .  FIG. 5N  shows the intensity of contact  18930  increasing to an intensity above IT D . In response to detection of the increase in the intensity of contact  18930  in  FIGS. 5M-5N , document  18922  is zoomed from zoom level  18922 - a  in  FIG. 5M  to zoom level  18922 - b  in  FIG. 5N . Portion  18924 - b  of content  18924  is zoomed in accordance of the zooming of document  18922 . 
     In some embodiments, zoom level  18922 - b  is a predefined zoom level. In some other embodiments, zoom level  18922 - b  is dynamically selected in accordance with a maximum intensity of contact  18930  (e.g., zoom level  18922 - b  is selected from a range of zoom levels based on a maximum intensity of contact  18930 ). In some other embodiments, zoom level  18922 - b  is dynamically selected in accordance with the current intensity of contact  18930  (e.g., zoom level  18922 - b  is selected from a range of zoom levels based on a current intensity of contact  18930 ). 
     After the increase in the intensity of contact  18930  in  FIGS. 5M-5N , contact  18930  is lifted off, and then new contact  18932  is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , as shown in  FIG. 5O . Contact  18932  has an intensity between IT 0  and IT L  in  FIG. 5O . Movement  18934  of contact  18932  is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIGS. 5O-5P . Movement  18934  moves contact  18932  from location  18932 - a  in  FIG. 5O  to location  18932 - b  in  FIG. 5P  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In response to the detection of movement  18934  of contact  18932  in  FIGS. 5O-5P , document  18922  is scrolled while displayed at zoom level  18922 - b . In accordance with the scrolling of document  18922 , portion  18924 - c  of content  18924  is displayed, as shown in  FIG. 5P . At this point, contact  18932  is, optionally, lifted off touch-sensitive surface  451  to complete the scrolling of document  18922 . 
     In some embodiments, contacts  18930  and  18932  are the same contact. That is, after contact  18926  is lifted off, contact  18930  is detected as described above with reference to  FIG. 5M . The intensity of contact  18930  increases as described above with reference to  FIG. 5N , and document  18922  zooms in response. Then, without liftoff, contact  18930  moves on the touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., with movement analogous to that described with reference to the movement  18934  of contact  18932  described above with reference to  FIG. 5O ), and document  18922  scrolls in response. 
     In some embodiments, contacts  18926  and  18930  are the same contact. That is, contact  18926  moves as described above with reference to  FIGS. 5K-5L , and document  18922  scrolls in response. Then, without liftoff, the intensity of contact  18926  increases like the intensity of contact  18930  increases as described above with reference to  FIG. 5N , and document  18922  zooms in response. Then, contact  18926  is lifted off, and contact  18932  is detected as described above with reference to  FIGS. 5O-5P . In some embodiments, contacts  18926 ,  18930  and  18932  are the same continuously detected contact (e.g., the operations shown in  FIGS. 5K-5P  are performed in response to a gesture including a continuously detected contact). 
       FIG. 5Q  illustrates application window  18940  displayed on display  450 . Application window  18940 , like application window  18904  or  18920 , is associated with an application (e.g., a web browser, an email application, a word processing application, a drawing application, a spreadsheet, a presentation, etc.). Document  18942  is displayed in application window  18940 . Document  18942  is displayed at zoom level  18942 - a . Document  18942  is, optionally, a web page, a word processing document, or a text document. Document  18942  includes content  18944  (e.g., text). In  FIG. 5Q , portion  18944 - a  of content  18944  is displayed in document  18942 . 
       FIG. 5Q  also shows contact  18946  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . Contact  18946  has an intensity between IT 0  and IT L . In  FIGS. 5Q and 5R , the device detects movement  18948  of contact  18946  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . Movement  18948  moves contact  18946  from location  18946 - a  in  FIG. 5Q  to location  18946 - b  in  FIG. 5R  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In response to the detection of movement  18948  of contact  18946  in  FIGS. 5Q-5R , document  18942  is scrolled. In accordance with the scrolling of document  18942 , portion  18944 - b  of content  18944  is displayed, as shown in  FIG. 5R . 
     While contact  18946  continues to be detected, contact  18950  is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , as shown in  FIG. 5R . Contact  18950  has an intensity between IT 0  and IT L . In  FIGS. 5R-5S  the device detects an increase in intensity of contact  18950  from an intensity between IT 0  and IT L  in  FIG. 5R  to an intensity above IT D  in  FIG. 5S . In response to detection of the increase in the intensity of contact  18950 , document  18942  is zoomed from zoom level  18942 - a  in  FIG. 5R  to zoom level  18942 - b  in  FIG. 5S . Portion  18944 - b  of content  18944  is zoomed in accordance of the zooming of document  18942 . 
     In  FIGS. 5S-5T  the device detects a decrease in intensity of contact  18950  from an intensity above IT D  in  FIG. 5S  to an intensity below IT D  or a hysteresis intensity threshold associated with, and below, IT D  in  FIG. 5T . In response to detection of the decrease in the intensity of contact  18950 , document  18942  is maintained at zoom level  18942 - b  in  FIG. 5S . In  FIGS. 5T-5U , the device detects an increase in intensity of contact  18950  increasing from an intensity below IT D  in  FIG. 5T  to an intensity above IT D  in  FIG. 5U . In response to detection of the increase in the intensity of contact  18950  in  FIG. 5T-5U , document  18942  is zoomed from zoom level  18942 - b  in  FIG. 5T  to zoom level  18942 - c  in  FIG. 5U . Portion  18944 - b  of content  18944  is zoomed in accordance of the zooming of document  18942 . In some embodiments, zoom level  18942 - b  is a zoom level that is a predefined increment from zoom level  18942 - a , and zoom level  18942 - c  is a zoom level that is the predefined increment from zoom level  18942 - b.    
     After document  18942  zooms to zoom level  18942 - c  in  FIG. 5U , contact  18950  is, optionally, lifted off of touch-sensitive surface  451 , as shown in  FIG. 5V .  FIG. 5V  illustrates contact  18946  continuing to be detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , but contact  18950  has lifted off. Document  18942  maintains zoom level  18942 - c . In some other embodiments, for document  18942  to maintain zoom level  18942 - c , continued detection of contact  18950  on touch-sensitive surface  451  is needed. 
     In  FIGS. 5V-5W , the device detects movement  18952  of contact  18946  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . Movement  18952  moves contact  18946  from location  18946 - b  in  FIG. 5V  to location  18946 - c  in  FIG. 5W  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In response to the detection of movement  18952  of contact  18946 , document  18942  is scrolled. In accordance with the scrolling of document  18942 , portion  18944 - c  of content  18944  is displayed, as shown in  FIG. 5W . At this point, contact  18946  is, optionally, lifted off touch-sensitive surface  451  to complete the scrolling of document  18942 . In some embodiments, after contact  18946  is lifted off of touch-sensitive surface  451 , document  18942  is maintained at zoom level  18942 - c . In some embodiments, after contact  18946  is lifted off of touch-sensitive surface  451 , document  18942  is displayed at zoom level  18942 - a.    
       FIGS. 6A-6D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  19000  of zooming a user interface while performing an operation in accordance with some embodiments. The method  19000  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  19000  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  19000  provides an intuitive way to zoom a user interface while performing an operation. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when zooming a user interface while performing an operation, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to zoom a user interface while performing an operation faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device displays ( 19002 ) a user interface (e.g., including an electronic document) at a first zoom level on the display.  FIG. 5A , for example, shows application window  18904 , which is associated with an application and presents a user interface for the application, displayed on display  450 . Document  18906  is displayed in application window  18904  in  FIG. 5A . Similarly,  FIG. 5K  shows application  18920  with document  18922  displayed on display  450 .  FIG. 5Q  shows application  18940  with document  18942  displayed on display  450 . 
     While the user interface is displayed at the first zoom level (e.g., a first magnification), the device detects ( 19004 ) a first input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. For example,  FIGS. 5B-5C  show an input that includes contact  18912  and movement  18914  of contact  18912  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  while document  18906  is displayed at zoom level  18906 - a .  FIGS. 5K-5L  show an input that includes contact  18926  and movement  18928  of contact  18926  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  while document  18922  is displayed at zoom level  18922 - a .  FIGS. 5Q-5R  show an input that includes contact  18946  and movement  18948  of contact  18946  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  while document  18942  is displayed at zoom level  18942 - a . In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface is ( 19006 ) a fingerprint sensor (e.g., the touch-sensitive surface is a high-resolution touch-sensitive surface that is capable of detecting features formed by ridges in a fingerprint placed on the touch-sensitive surface). 
     In response to detecting the first input, the device initiates ( 19008 ) a respective operation associated with the user interface. For example, in  FIGS. 5B-5C , in response to the detection of movement  18914 , object  18908 - 1  is moved to location  18908 - 1 - b  in  FIG. 5C ; the operation is the dragging movement of object  18908 - 1 . In  FIGS. 5K-5L , in response to the detection of movement  18928 , document  18922  is scrolled so that portion  18924 - b  is displayed in  FIG. 5L ; the operation is the scrolling of document  18922 . In  FIGS. 5Q-5R , in response to the detection of movement  18948 , document  18942  is scrolled so that portion  18944 - b  is displayed in  FIG. 5R ; the operation is the scrolling of document  18942 . 
     In some embodiments, the respective operation is ( 19010 ) a document editing operation for editing an electronic document displayed in the user interface (e.g., dragging a picture to a different location or resizing content in a word processing document or a presentation document). For example, the operation in  FIGS. 5B-5C  is the dragging of an object, which is, optionally, an icon, a picture, an image, or a shape, to list a few examples. In some embodiments, the respective operation is ( 19012 ) a document navigation operation for navigating through an electronic document displayed in the user interface (e.g., scrolling through a document). For example, the operation in  FIG. 5K-5L or 5Q-5R  is the scrolling of a document. 
     In some embodiments, after detecting the first input and before detecting the second input, the device detects ( 19014 ) a liftoff of the contact corresponding to the first input. For example,  FIG. 5M  shows contact  18930  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  after contact  18926  has been lifted off. 
     After ( 19016 ) initiating the respective operation, the device detects ( 19018 ) a second input, where detecting the second input includes detecting an increase in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., from a first intensity value to a second intensity value of a plurality of intensity values detectable by the device). For example, in  FIGS. 5C-5D , after movement of object  18908 - 1  has been initiated, an increase in the intensity of contact  18912  is detected; the input is the increase in intensity of the continuously detected contact  18912 . In  FIGS. 5M-5N , after the scrolling of document  18922  has been initiated, contact  18930  and an increase in the intensity of contact  18930  is detected; the input is newly detected contact  18930  the increase in intensity of contact  18930 . In  FIGS. 5R-5S , after the scrolling of document  18942  has been initiated, contact  18950  and an increase in the intensity of contact  18950  is detected; the input is newly detected contact  18950  the increase in intensity of contact  18950 . 
     In response to detecting the second input, the device zooms ( 19020 ) the user interface to a second zoom level (e.g., a second magnification) different from the first zoom level (e.g., the first magnification) in accordance with the increase in intensity of the contact. In some embodiments, the user interface includes a first portion (e.g., a menu or toolbar) and a second portion (e.g., content such as an electronic document) and zooming the user interface includes zooming the second portion of the user interface without zooming the first portion of the user interface. For example, in  FIG. 5D , in response to the increase in the intensity of contact  18912 , document  18906  is zoomed to zoom level  18906 - b  in accordance with the increase in intensity of contact  18912 . In  FIG. 5N , in response to the increase in the intensity of contact  18930 , document  18922  is zoomed to zoom level  18922 - b  in accordance with the increase in intensity of contact  18930 . In  FIG. 5S , in response to the increase in the intensity of contact  18950 , document  18942  is zoomed to zoom level  18942 - b  in accordance with the increase in intensity of contact  18950 . 
     In some embodiments, the second zoom level (e.g., zoom level  18906 - b ,  18922 - b , or  18942 - b ) is ( 19022 ) dynamically selected in accordance with a maximum intensity of the contact (e.g., contact  18912 ,  18930 , or  18950 , respectively) corresponding to the second input (e.g., the second zoom level is selected from a range of zoom levels based on a maximum intensity of the contact). In some embodiments, the second zoom level (e.g., zoom level  18906 - b ,  18922 - b , or  18942 - b ) is ( 19024 ) dynamically selected in accordance with a current intensity of the contact (e.g., contact  18912 ,  18930 , or  18950 , respectively) corresponding to the second input (e.g., the second zoom level is selected from a range of zoom levels based on a current intensity of the contact). In some embodiments, the second zoom level (e.g., zoom level  18906 - b ,  18922 - b , or  18942 - b ) is ( 19026 ) a predefined zoom level (e.g., zoom level is a predefined zoom level such as 150% or 200%). 
     In some embodiments, the second input includes ( 19028 ) one or more cycles of increasing the intensity of a respective contact above a first intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ) starting at a lower intensity threshold (e.g., IT L  or a hysteresis intensity threshold associated with, and below, IT D ) that is below the first intensity threshold, and the second zoom level is selected in accordance with a number of cycles that the respective contact has increased above the first intensity threshold and a predefined zoom-level increment (e.g., in response to detecting multiple increases/decreases in intensity, the device keeps zooming the user interface further in, such as by 10% increments, 20% increments, 30% increments, or the like). For example, in  FIGS. 5R-5S , in response to a first cycle including an increase in intensity of contact  18950  from an intensity below IT D  (or a hysteresis intensity threshold that is associated with, and below, IT D ) to an intensity above IT D , the device increases the zoom level of document  18942  form a first zoom level  18942 - a  in  FIG. 5R  to a second zoom level  18942 - b  in  FIG. 5S . Subsequently, in  FIGS. 5T-5U , in response to a second cycle including an increase in intensity of contact  18950  from an intensity below IT D  to an intensity above IT D , the device increases the zoom level of document  18942  from the second zoom level  18942 - b  in  FIG. 5T  to a third zoom level  18942 - c  in  FIG. 5U . Zoom level  18942 - b  is a zoom level that is a predefined increment from zoom level  18942 - a , and zoom level  18942 - c  is a zoom level that is the predefined increment from zoom level  18942 - b.    
     In some embodiments, after detecting the second input and before detecting the third input, the device detects ( 19030 ) a liftoff of the contact corresponding to the second input. For example,  FIG. 5O  shows contact  18932  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  after contact  18930  has been lifted off. 
     While ( 19032 ) the user interface is displayed at the second zoom level (e.g., the second magnification), the device detects ( 19034 ) a third input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In response to detecting the third input, the device completes ( 19036 ) the respective operation. In some embodiments, the third input includes movement of the contact and subsequent liftoff of the contact from the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments the respective operation includes resizing a window, selecting text, or moving a user interface object across the display. For example, in  FIGS. 5E-5F , movement  18916  of contact  18912  is detected while document  18906  is displayed at zoom level  18906 - b . In response to detection of movement  18916 , object  18908 - 1  is moved from location  18908 - 1 - b  in  FIG. 5E  to location  18908 - 1 - c  in  FIG. 5F . In  FIGS. 5O-5P , movement  18934  of contact  18932  is detected while document  18922  is displayed at zoom level  18922 - b . In response to detection of movement  18934 , document  18922  is scrolled so that portion  18924 - c  of content  18924  is displayed in  FIG. 5P . In  FIGS. 5V-5W , movement  18952  of contact  18946  is detected while document  18942  is displayed at zoom level  18942 - b . In response to detection of movement  18952 , document  18942  is scrolled so that portion  18944 - c  of content  18944  is displayed in  FIG. 5W . 
     In some embodiments, the first input, the second input and the third input are ( 19038 ) part of a single gesture that includes a continuously detected contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the first input, the second input, and the third input are made by a single finger contact. For example, movement  18914  of contact  18912 , the increase in the intensity of contact  18912 , and movement  18916  of contact  18912 , as shown in  FIGS. 5A-5F , are, optionally, all part of a single gesture that includes continuously detected contact  18912 . 
     In some embodiments, the first input, the second input and the third input are ( 19040 ) performed sequentially by a same continuously detected contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., while a user is performing an operation corresponding to movement of a contact, the user can increase the intensity of the contact to zoom in for finer control of the operation). In some embodiments, the first press input and the second press input are made by a single continuously detected (unbroken) contact on the touch-sensitive surface. For example, movement  18914  of contact  18912 , the increase in the intensity of contact  18912 , and movement  18916  of contact  18912 , as shown in  FIGS. 5A-5F , are, optionally, sequential inputs performed by continuously detected contact  18912 . 
     In some embodiments, after ( 19042 ) zooming the user interface to the second zoom level, the device detects ( 19044 ) a fourth input, where detecting the fourth input includes detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In response to detecting the fourth input, the device zooms ( 19046 ) the user interface to a third zoom level (e.g., a third magnification) different from the second zoom level (e.g., the second magnification) and the first zoom level (e.g., the first magnification) in accordance with the decrease in intensity of the contact. In some embodiments, while the user is performing the respective operation, the zoom level is dynamically increased and decreased in accordance with changes in intensity of the continuously detected contact. For example, in  FIGS. 5F and 5I-5J , after document  18906  is zoomed to zoom level  18906 - b , the intensity of contact  18912  is decreased. In response to detection of the decrease in intensity, document  18906  is zoomed from zoom level  18906 - b  in  FIG. 5F  to zoom level  18906 - c  in  FIG. 5I , and then subsequently zoomed from zoom level  18906 - c  in  FIG. 5I  to zoom level  18906 - a  in  FIG. 5J  in accordance with the decrease in intensity. 
     In some embodiments, the contact corresponding to the second input is ( 19048 ) different from a contact corresponding to the first input and the third input (e.g., the user uses another finger to press on the touch-sensitive surface while performing a gesture associated with the respective operation to zoom the user interface while the respective operation is being performed). For example, while performing an operation with the index finger of the user&#39;s right hand on the touch-sensitive surface, the user can press down with a thumb of the user&#39;s left hand on the touch-sensitive surface to zoom the user interface. As shown in  FIGS. 5R-5W , for example, the contact (contact  18950 ) that performs the inputs that cause the device to zoom document  18942  is different from the contact (contact  18946 ) that performs the inputs that cause the device to scroll document  18942 . 
     In some embodiments, after ( 19050 ) completing the respective operation, the device detects ( 19052 ) liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, and in response to detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, the device displays ( 19054 ) the user interface at the first zoom level.  FIGS. 5F-5G  show, for example, after object  18908 - 1  is moved to location  18908 - 1 - c  (as shown in  FIG. 5F ), document  18906  reverting back to zoom level  18906 - a  in response to detection of the liftoff of contact  18912  in  FIG. 5G . 
     In some embodiments, after ( 19050 ) completing the respective operation, the device detects ( 19055 ) liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, and in response to detecting liftoff of the contact corresponding to the third input, the device maintains ( 19054 ) display of the user interface at the second zoom level.  FIGS. 5F and 5H  show, for example, after object  18908 - 1  is moved to location  18908 - 1 - c  (as shown in  FIG. 5F ), document  18906  maintaining zoom level  18906 - b  in response to detection of the liftoff of contact  18912  in  FIG. 5H . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 6A-6D  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  19000  described above with respect to  FIGS. 6A-6D . For example, the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, and focus selectors described above with reference to method  19000  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, and focus selectors described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodimentz). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 7  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  19100  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 7  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , an electronic device  19100  includes a display unit  19102  configured to display a user interface at a first zoom level on the display unit  19102 , a touch-sensitive surface unit  19104  configured to receive inputs and contacts, one or more sensor units  19105  to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit  19104 , and a processing unit  19106  coupled to the display unit  19102 , the touch-sensitive surface unit  19104 , and the sensor units  19105 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  19106  includes a detecting unit  19108 , an initiating unit  19110 , a zooming unit  19112 , a completing unit  19114 , a display enabling unit  19116 , and a maintaining unit  19118 . 
     The processing unit  19106  is configured to: while the user interface is displayed at the first zoom level, detect a first input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19104  (e.g., with the detecting unit  19108 ); in response to detecting the first input, initiate a respective operation associated with the user interface (e.g., with the initiating unit  19110 ); after initiating the respective operation: detect a second input, wherein detecting the second input includes detecting an increase in intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19104  (e.g., with the detecting unit  19108 ), and in response to detecting the second input, zoom the user interface to a second zoom level different from the first zoom level in accordance with the increase in intensity of the contact (e.g., with the zooming unit  19112 ); and while the user interface is displayed at the second zoom level: detect a third input that includes movement of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19104  (e.g., with the detecting unit  19108 ), and in response to detecting the third input, complete the respective operation (e.g., with the completing unit  19114 ). 
     In some embodiments, the first input, the second input and the third input are part of a single gesture that includes a continuously detected contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19104 . 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 6A-6D  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 7 . For example, detection operations  19004 ,  19018 , and  19034 , initiating operation  19008 , zooming operation  19020 , and completing operation  19036  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Determining Whether to Scroll or Select Content 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that display content (e.g., text, images, tables, document icons and/or application shortcut icons) upon which multiple operations are, optionally, performed with the same type of gesture. For example, a word processing application window, optionally, displays editable text that is, optionally, scrolled and/or selected by a user moving a contact, e.g., on a touch sensitive surface. When this gesture overloading happens within the same application, the different operations (e.g., scrolling and selecting) are typically associated with different modes of operation. For example, in some circumstances, a user wants to scroll content without selecting the content and in other circumstances, a user wants to select content without scrolling the content, while in other circumstances a user wants to scroll content while selecting the content. Given the complexity of a user interface environment where a single gesture corresponds to multiple operations, there is a need to provide methods and user interfaces that enable the user to more efficiently and conveniently interact with content in the user interface environment. 
     The embodiments described below provide improved methods and user interfaces for determining whether to scroll or select content when navigating a complex user interface environment. More specifically, these methods and user interfaces simplify the process of switching between content scrolling and selecting modes of operation. According to some embodiments described below, a content scrolling and/or selecting mode of operation is initiated upon the detection of a gesture including a contact on a touch-sensitive surface and movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to movement of a focus selector over the content. The user controls whether the gesture initiates the content scrolling and/or selecting mode of operation through the intensity of the contact. For example, in one embodiment, a user presses down lightly (e.g., with a light press intensity) on the touch-sensitive surface to initiate a scrolling mode of operation and presses down heavily (e.g., with a deep press intensity) on the touch-sensitive surface to initiate a selecting mode of operation, or vice versa. In some methods, the user switches modes of operation, for example, by selecting a different mode from a menu of options or making a second contact in addition to the gesture for activating the operation. Advantageously, the methods and user interfaces described below simplify the process of switching between modes of operation associated with a same gesture (e.g., scrolling and/or selecting text) by eliminating the need for additional inputs, such as going through a menu or making an additional contact. 
       FIGS. 8A-8AA  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for determining whether to scroll or select content in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 9A-9E .  FIGS. 8A-8AA  include intensity diagrams that show the current intensity of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface relative to a plurality of intensity thresholds including a cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g., light press intensity threshold “IT L ”), a cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., deep press intensity threshold “IT D ”) and a selection intensity threshold (e.g., deep press intensity threshold “IT D ”). These intensity diagrams are typically not part of the displayed user interface, but are provided to aid in the interpretation of the figures. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch-sensitive display system  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 8A-8AA  and  FIGS. 9A-9E  will be discussed with reference to display  450  and a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system  112  in response to detecting the contacts described in  FIGS. 8A-8AA  on the touch-sensitive display system  112  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 8A-8AA  on the touch-sensitive display system  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch-sensitive display system  112 , in place of focus cursor  19204  or selection cursor  19212 . 
       FIG. 8A  illustrates exemplary user interface  19206  displaying text  19202  and cursor  19204 . In  FIG. 8A , user interface  19206  is displayed on display  450  of an electronic device that also includes touch-sensitive surface  451  and one or more sensors for detecting intensity of contacts with touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, touch-sensitive surface  451  is a touch screen display that is optionally display  450  or a separate display. 
       FIGS. 8A-8AA  illustrate various embodiments where focus cursor  19204  (e.g., a mouse pointer), controlled by contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  and movement  19210  thereof, moves over at least a portion of text  19202 . In response, depending on the intensity of contact  19208  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , at least a portion of text  19202  is scrolled and/or selected. For example, when the intensity of contact  19208  exceeds a selection intensity threshold (e.g., deep press intensity threshold “IT D ”), the portion of text  19202  is selected. In contrast, when the intensity of contact  19208  does not exceed the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), text  19202  is scrolled without the portion of the text being selected. 
       FIGS. 8A-8W  illustrate detection of a contact  19208 , corresponding to focus cursor  19204  or selection cursor  19212  displayed on display  450 , and a gesture including movement  19210  of contact  19208  (e.g., movement  19210 - a  of contact  19208  from location  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8A  to location  19208 - b  in  FIGS. 8B-8D ; movement  19210 - a  of contact  19208  from location  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8E  to location  19208 - b  in  FIGS. 8F, 8I-8J and 8Q ; movement  19210 - b  of contact  19208  from location  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8B  to location  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8K ; movement  19210 - b  of contact  19208  from location  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8F  to location  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8G ; movement  19210 - b  of contact  19208  from location  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8R  to location  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8S ; and/or movement  19210 - b  of contact  19208  from location  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8T  to location  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8U ) are detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . Contact  19208  is detected at a position on touch-sensitive surface  451  corresponding to an area on display  450  occupied by focus cursor  19204  or selection cursor  19212  (e.g., contact  19208  corresponds to a focus selector on the display which is at or near a location of text  19202 ). In some embodiments, movement  19210  of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  corresponds to movement of focus cursor  19204  or selection cursor  19212  on display  450 . In some embodiments focus cursor  19204  and selection cursor  19212  are examples of displayed representations of a focus selector. 
       FIGS. 8A-8D  illustrate an example of a beginning of a gesture where contact  19208  that is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponds to cursor  19204  displayed over text  19202  on display  450 , and has an intensity below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). In accordance with movement  19210  of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , text  19202  is scrolled, but not selected, because contact  19208  has an intensity below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
       FIGS. 8A-8C  illustrate various embodiments where text  19202  is scrolled, but not selected, in accordance with movement of focus cursor  19204 . In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 8B , text  19202  is scrolled in the opposite direction as the movement of focus cursor  19204  on display  450 . For example, in response to movement  19210  of contact  19208 , corresponding to movement of focus cursor  19204  on display  450 , downward from position  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8A  to position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8B  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , word  19202 - 58  of text  19202  moves upwards from position  19202 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 8A  to position  19202 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 8B  on display  450 . In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 8C , text  19202  is scrolled in the same direction as the movement of focus cursor  19204  on display  450 . For example, in response to movement  19210  of contact  19208 , corresponding to movement of focus cursor  19204  on display  450 , downward from position  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8A  to position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8C  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , word  19202 - 58  of text  19202  moves downward from position  19202 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 8A  to position  19202 - 58 - c  in  FIG. 8C  on display  450 . 
     The series of  FIGS. 8A and 8D  illustrates an embodiment where text  19202  scrolls on display  450  in accordance with movement  19210  of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , however, focus cursor  19204  does not move. For example, in response to movement  19210  of contact  19208  downward from position  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8A  to position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8D  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , word  19202 - 58  of text  19202  moves upwards from position  19202 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 8A  to position  19202 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 8D  on display  450 , but focus cursor  19204  does not move. As such, the relative position of focus cursor  19204  in text  19202  moves in accordance with movement  19210  of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  without cursor  19204  moving on display  450 . 
       FIGS. 8E-8J  illustrate an example of a beginning of a gesture where contact  19208  that is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponds to selection cursor  19212  displayed over text  19202  on display  450 , and has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). In accordance with movement of selection cursor  19212  over text  19202 , portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected because contact  19208  has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
       FIGS. 8E-8G  illustrate an embodiment where portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected, but text  19202  is not scrolled. For example, in accordance with the movement of selection cursor  19212  on display  450 , corresponding to movement  19210  of contact  19208  from position  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8E , through position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8F , to position  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8G  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected because the intensity of contact  19208  is above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). During the selection, word  19202 - 58  does not move (e.g., is not scrolled) from position  19202 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 8E , despite movement of selection cursor  19212  downward on display  450 . 
       FIGS. 8E-8H  illustrate an embodiment where portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected, and text  19202  is scrolled when additional text is prompted to be displayed. For example, in accordance with movement of selection cursor  19212  on display  450 , corresponding to movement  19210  of contact  19208  from position  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8E , through position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8F , to position  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8G  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected because the intensity of contact  19208  is above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), but text  19202  is not scrolled on display  450 . In response to selection cursor  19212  reaching an edge of displayed text  19202  in FIG.  8 G, text  19202  is scrolled upwards (e.g., word  19202 - 58  is scrolled from position  19202 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 8G  to position  19202 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 8H  on display  450 ) so that additional text is displayed proximate to selection cursor  19212 . In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 8H , when contact  19208  is maintained at an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) at position  19208 - c  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to a position proximal to an edge of displayed text  19202 , scrolling of text  19202  is continued despite the lack of movement of contact  19208 . In some embodiments, the portion of text that was selected (e.g., in  FIG. 8G ) prior to scrolling the text continues to be selected even after the text is scrolled as shown in  FIG. 8H . 
     The series of  FIGS. 8E and 8I  illustrate an embodiment where portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected while text  19202  is scrolled. For example, portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected in accordance with movement of selection cursor  19212  on display  450 , corresponding to movement of contact  19208  from position  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8E  to position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8I , because the intensity of contact  19208  is above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). During the selection, word  19202 - 58  moves (e.g., is scrolled) from position  19202 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 8E  to position  19202 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 8I  on display  450 , in accordance with movement of selection cursor  19212  downward on display  450 . 
     The series of  FIGS. 8E and 8J  illustrate an embodiment where portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected while text  19202  is scrolled, but selection cursor  19212  does not move on display  450 . For example, text  19202  scrolls on display  450  in accordance with movement  19210  of contact  19208  from position  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8E  to position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8J  on touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., word  19202 - 58  is scrolled from position  19202 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 8E  to position  19202 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 8J  on display  450 ). In accordance with the change (e.g., movement) of the relative position of selection cursor  19212  in text  19202 , despite the lack of movement of selection cursor  19212  on display  450 , portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected because contact  19208  has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
     The series of  FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8K  illustrate an embodiment where text  19202  is initially scrolled, but not selected, in accordance with movement of focus cursor  19204 , corresponding to movement of contact  19208  having an intensity below a selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). Following an increase in the intensity of contact  19208  to an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), scrolling of text  19202  is stopped and portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected in accordance with subsequent movement of contact  19208 . For example, when the intensity of contact  19208  is increased at position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8B  from an initial intensity below a selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) to a subsequent intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 8K ), scrolling of text  19202  is stopped (e.g., word  19202 - 58  does not move from position  19202 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 8B  despite movement of contact  19208  to position  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8K ) and portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected in accordance with movement of contact  19208  from position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8B  to position  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8K  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . 
       FIGS. 8L-8Q  illustrate various embodiments where, prior to selecting a portion  19214  of text  19202 , preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  is displayed at an area of display  450  proximate to focus cursor  19204 . For example, as illustrated in  FIGS. 8L-8N , in response to an increase of the intensity of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to focus cursor  19204  on display  450 , from an initial intensity in  FIG. 8L  to an intensity below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) but above a cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g., light press intensity threshold “IT L ”) in  FIG. 8N , preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  is displayed as replacing focus cursor  19204  on display  450 . In contrast, as illustrated by the series of  FIG. 8L-8M , in response to an increase of the intensity of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to focus cursor  19204  on display  450 , from an initial intensity in  FIG. 8L  that is just above a contact-detection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT 0 ”) to an intensity that is below both the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) and the cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) in  FIG. 8M , preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  is not displayed. 
     The series of  FIGS. 8L-8P  illustrates an embodiment where selection cursor  19212  is placed in text  19202  when the intensity of contact  19208  is further increased. For example, while preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  is displayed in  FIG. 8N , in response to a subsequent increase in the intensity of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  shown in  FIG. 8N  to an intensity above a cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., deep press intensity threshold “IT D ”) shown in  FIG. 8P , selection cursor  19212  is placed in text  19202  at a position on display  450  previously occupied by preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212 . 
     The series of  FIGS. 8L-8P  illustrates an embodiment where an animation is shown during replacement of preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  with selection cursor  19212 . For example, while preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  is displayed at size  19216 - a  on display  450  in  FIG. 8N , in response to a subsequent increase in the intensity of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  shown in  FIG. 8N  to a greater intensity that is still below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) shown in  FIG. 8O , preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  is shrunk to size  19216 - b  in  FIG. 8O . In response to a further increase in the intensity of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  from an intensity below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) shown in  FIG. 8O  to an intensity above the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) shown in  FIG. 8P , selection cursor  19212  is placed in text  19202  at a position on display  450  previously occupied by preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212 , giving the impression that preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  gradually “drops” into text  19202  in accordance with the increase in intensity of contact  19208  from  FIG. 8L  to  FIG. 8P . 
     In some embodiments, while the intensity of a contact is between the cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ) and the cursor insertion intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ), the device responds to movement of the contact (e.g., contact  19208  in  FIG. 8O ) by repositioning the cursor within displayed text without scrolling the text (e.g., the text is locked in place and movement of the contact moves the cursor relative to the text). For example, in  FIG. 8O , if the device detected movement of contact  19208  down and to the right on touch-sensitive surface  451 , the device would move the cursor downward and to the right in the text in accordance with the movement of contact  19208  without scrolling the text. 
     In some embodiments, while the intensity of a contact is between the cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ) and the cursor insertion intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ), the device responds to movement of the contact (e.g., contact  19208  in  FIG. 8O ) by scrolling the text without repositioning the cursor within displayed text (e.g., the cursor is locked in place in the text and movement of the contact moves the text and cursor together). For example, in  FIG. 8O , if the device detected movement of contact  19208  down and to the right on touch-sensitive surface  451 , the device would scroll the text downward and to the right in accordance with the movement of contact  19208  while maintaining the location of the cursor between the words “that” and “all.” 
     In some embodiments, while the intensity of a contact is between the cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ) and the cursor insertion intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ), the device responds to a component of movement of the contact (e.g., contact  19208  in  FIG. 8O ) in a first direction (e.g., horizontally left to right) by repositioning the cursor within displayed text in the first direction without scrolling the text in the first direction and the device responds to a component of movement of the contact (e.g., contact  9208  in  FIG. 8O ) in a second direction that is different from (e.g., perpendicular to) the first direction (e.g., vertically up or down) by scrolling the displayed text in the first direction without repositioning the cursor within the displayed text (e.g., the text is locked in place in a first direction but the cursor can move relative to the text in the first direction and the cursor is locked in place relative to the text in the second direction but the text is not locked in place in the second direction). For example, in  FIG. 8O , if the device detected movement of contact  19208  down and to the right on touch-sensitive surface  451 , the device would scroll the text downward in accordance with the vertical component of movement of contact  19208  and would move the cursor to the right within the text in accordance with the horizontal component of movement of contact  19208 . 
     The series of  FIGS. 8L-8Q  illustrates an embodiment where selection of portion  19214  of text  19202  begins where selection cursor  19212  is placed into text  19202 . For example, in response to an increase in the intensity of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  from an intensity below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) shown in  FIG. 8L  to an intensity above the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) shown in  FIG. 8P , selection cursor  19212  is placed in text  19202 . In accordance with subsequent movement  19210 - a  of contact  19208  from position  19208 - a  in  FIG. 8P  to position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8Q  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected starting at the location where selection cursor  19212  was previously placed. 
       FIGS. 8Q-8U  illustrate an example of a beginning of a gesture, including movement  19210 - a  of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  from position  19208 - a  to position  19208 - b , where contact  19208  corresponding to selection cursor  19212  displayed over text  19202  on display  450 , has an initial intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), resulting in selection of portion  19214  of text  19202 . 
       FIGS. 8Q-8S  illustrate an embodiment where, after selection of portion  19214  of text  19202 , a decrease in the intensity of contact  19208  followed by subsequent movement of cursor  19212  results in adjustment of selected portion  19214  of text  19202 . For example, in response to a decrease in the intensity of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  from an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) shown in  FIG. 8Q  to an intensity below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) but above a selection-adjustment intensity threshold (e.g., light press intensity threshold “IT L ”) shown in  FIG. 8R , in accordance with movement  19210 - c  of contact  19208  from position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8R  to position  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8S  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , selection  19214  of text  19202  is adjusted to include additional words. Thus, in some embodiments, even though the intensity of contact  19208  decreases below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), the device continues to select text in accordance with a text selection operation that was initiated when the contact had an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) as long as the contact  19208  has an intensity above the selection-adjustment intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”). 
     The series of  FIGS. 8Q, 8T and 8U  illustrate an embodiment where, after selection of portion  19214  of text  19202 , a decrease in the intensity of contact  19208  followed by subsequent movement of cursor  19212  does not results in adjustment of selected portion  19214  of text  19202 . For example, in response to a decrease in the intensity of contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451  from an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) shown in  FIG. 8Q  to an intensity below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) and below the selection-adjustment intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) shown in  FIG. 8T , in accordance with movement  19210 - c  of contact  19208  from position  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8T  to position  19208 - c  in  FIG. 8U  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , cursor  19212  moves on display  450 , but selection  19214  of text  19202  is not adjusted to include additional words. Thus, in some embodiments, when the intensity of contact  19208  decreases below the selection-adjustment intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), the device ceases to select text in accordance with a text selection operation that was initiated when the contact had an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
     The series of  FIGS. 8Q, 8V and 8W  illustrate an example of a beginning of a gesture where contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to selection cursor  19212  displayed over text  19202  on display  450 , has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). In accordance with movement of cursor  19212  over text  19202 , portion  19214  of text  19202  is selected because contact  19208  has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
     The series of  FIGS. 8Q, 8V and 8W  illustrate an embodiment where, while first contact  19208  corresponds to an activated selection cursor  19212  (e.g., movement of contact  19208  would cause text to be selected), a second gesture results in scrolling of text  19202  and continuation of selecting portion  19214  of text  19202 . For example, in  FIG. 8V , movement of initial contact  19208  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to selection cursor  19212  on display  450 , is stopped and the device detects a gesture including movement  19220  of subsequent contact  19218  on touch sensitive surface  451 . In response to detecting movement of contact  19218  in  FIGS. 8V-8W , the device scrolls of text  19202  in accordance with movement  19220 - a  of contact  19218  from position  19218 - a  in  FIG. 8V  to position  19218 - b  in  FIG. 8W  (e.g., word  19202 - 58  is scrolled from position  19202 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 8V  to position  19202 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 8W  on display  450 ). In response, additional text is added to selected portion  19214  of text  19202  in accordance with the movement of the text under the selection cursor  19212  while contact  19208  has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
       FIGS. 8X-8AA  illustrate a contact  19222  that is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  and corresponds to selection cursor  19212  displayed on display  450 . The device detects a gesture including movement  19224  of contact  19222  (e.g., movement  19224 - a  of contact  19222  from location  19222 - a  in  FIG. 8X  to location  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8Y  and/or movement  19224 - a  of contact  19222  from location  19222 - a  in  FIG. 8Z  to location  19208 - b  in  FIG. 8AA ) are detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . Contact  19222  is detected at a position on touch-sensitive surface  451  corresponding to an area on display  450  occupied by selection cursor  19212  (e.g., contact  19222  corresponds to a focus selector on the display which is at or near a location of text  19202 ). In some embodiments, movement  19224  of contact  19222  on touch-sensitive surface  451  corresponds to movement of selection cursor  19212  on display  450 . 
       FIGS. 8X-8Y  illustrate an example of a beginning of a gesture where contact  19222  that is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponds to selection cursor  19212  displayed near text  19202  on display  450 , and has an intensity below an individual letter-selection intensity threshold (e.g., deep press intensity threshold “IT D ”). In accordance with movement  19224  of contact  19222  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , portion  19214  of text  19202  is adjusted by adding whole words to the portion. For example, in response to selection cursor  19212  moving over word  19202 - 2  (e.g., “score”), in accordance with movement  19224 - a  of contact  19222  from position  19222 - a  in  FIG. 8X  to position  19222 - b  in  FIG. 8Y  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , selected portion  19214  of text  19202  is adjusted by the addition of the entire word  19202 - 2  (e.g., “score”) because contact  19222  has an intensity below the individual letter-selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
       FIGS. 8Z-8AA  illustrate an example of a beginning of a gesture where contact  19222  that is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponds to selection cursor  19212  displayed near text  19202  on display  450 , and has an intensity above the individual letter-selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). In accordance with movement  19224  of contact  19222  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , portion  19214  of text  19202  is adjusted by adding individual letters to the portion. For example, in response to selection cursor  19212  moving over the letter “s” in word  19202 - 2  (e.g., “score”), in accordance with movement  19224 - a  of contact  19222  from position  19222 - a  in  FIG. 8Z  to position  19222 - b  in  FIG. 8AA  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , selected portion  19214  of text  19202  is adjusted by the addition of only the letter “s” of word  19202 - 2  (e.g., “score”) because contact  19222  has an intensity above the individual letter-selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
       FIGS. 9A-9E  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  19300  of determining whether to scroll or select content in accordance with some embodiments. The method  19300  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  19300  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  19300  provides an intuitive way to interact with user interface content. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with user interface content, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to interact with user interface content faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, the device displays ( 19302 ) content (e.g. text  19202  in  FIGS. 8A-8AA ) on a display (e.g., display  450 ). In some embodiments, the content includes text, one or more images and/or more or more tables. In some embodiments, the content is selectable content that is configured to be selected and once selected can be copied, deleted or modified in accordance with input from a user of the device (e.g., text in a word processing application window, numbers in a spreadsheet application window, document icons in a folder application window, images in photography application window, music file icons in an audio player application window, video file icons in a video player application window, application shortcut icons displayed on a desktop). 
     In some embodiments, while a focus selector (e.g., focus cursor  19204  in  FIGS. 8A-8D, and 8L-8M  or selection cursor  19212  in  FIGS. 8E-8K, and 8P-8AA ) is over the content, the device detects ( 19304 ) a gesture on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ), the gesture including a first contact (e.g., contact  19208  in  FIGS. 8A-8W  or contact  19222  in  FIGS. 8X-8AA ) on ( 19306 ) the touch-sensitive surface and movement (e.g., movement  19210  of contact  19208  in  FIGS. 8A-8W  or movement  19224  of contact  19222  in  FIGS. 8X-8AA ) of the first contact across ( 19308 ) the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to movement of the focus selector on the display (e.g., movement of the focus selector over at least a portion of the content. 
     In some embodiments, in response ( 19310 ) to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the first contact has an intensity below a selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ” in  FIGS. 8A-8D ), the device scrolls ( 19312 ) the content on the display (e.g., display  450 ) in accordance with movement of the focus selector on the display without selecting the content. In some embodiments, the selection intensity threshold is an intensity threshold that is higher than an input-detection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT 0 ”) at which the first contact is initially detected. In some embodiments, scrolling the content in accordance with movement of the focus selector includes scrolling the content so that it moves in a same direction as movement of the focus selector on the display (e.g., display  450 ) and/or movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ), as shown in  FIGS. 8A and 8C . In some embodiments, scrolling the content in accordance with movement of the focus selector includes scrolling the content so that it moves in an opposite direction from movement of the focus selector on the display (e.g., display  450 ) and/or movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ), as shown in  FIGS. 8A-8B . 
     In response ( 19310 ) to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the first contact has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., contact  19208  has an intensity above “IT D ,” as shown in  FIGS. 8E-8K, 8Q and 8V-8W ), the device selects ( 19314 ) at least a portion (e.g., portion  19214  in  FIGS. 8F-8K, 8Q-8W, 8Y and 8AA ) of the content (e.g., text  19202  in  FIGS. 8A-8AA ) in accordance with the movement of the focus selector over the content (e.g., selecting a portion of the content for cutting, copying, or other editing). 
     In some embodiments, selecting the portion (e.g., portion  19214 ) of the content (e.g., text  19202 ) in accordance with the movement of the focus selector (e.g., selection cursor  19212 ) over the content includes selecting ( 19316 ) the portion of the content without scrolling the content. For example, when the contact reaches the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), the device stops scrolling the content in accordance with movement of the focus selector and begins selecting content in accordance with movement of the focus selector, as shown in  FIGS. 8F-8G . 
     In some embodiments, the device scrolls ( 19318 ) the content (e.g., text  19202 ) while selecting the portion (e.g., portion  19214  of text  19202 ) of the content in accordance with the movement of the focus selector (e.g., selection cursor  19212 ) over the content. For example, even if the device stopped scrolling the content when the contact reached the selection intensity threshold, when the focus selector reaches an edge of a displayed portion of the content or the first contact reaches an edge of the touch-sensitive surface, the device scrolls the content so that additional content is displayed proximate to the first contact (e.g., by scrolling the content up if the first contact is near a bottom edge of the displayed content or scrolling the content down if the first contact is near a top edge of the displayed content), as shown in  FIGS. 8G-8H . 
     In some embodiments, prior ( 19320 ) to detecting the contact, the device detects ( 19322 ) an increase in intensity of the first contact to a first intensity that is lower than the selection intensity threshold (e.g., an intensity that is lower than intensity threshold “IT D ,” as illustrated in  FIGS. 8M-8O ). In some embodiments, the intensity of the first contact increases to the first intensity from a nominal intensity that corresponds to a minimum detectable intensity (e.g., “IT 0 ”) that, when exceeded, indicates that a first contact is in contact with the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, in response ( 19324 ) to detecting the increase in intensity of the first contact to the intensity below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”): in accordance with a determination that the first intensity is above a cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g. “IT L ”), the device displays ( 19326 ) a preview of a cursor (e.g., preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  in  FIGS. 8N-8O ) in the content (e.g., text  19202 ) at a respective location proximate to the focus selector (e.g., focus cursor  19204  in  FIG. 8L ). In some embodiments, the focus selector (e.g., focus cursor  19204  in  FIG. 8L ) is replaced by the preview of a cursor (e.g., preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212  replaces focus cursor  19204  in  FIGS. 8N-8O ). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the preview of the cursor (e.g., preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212 ) in the content, the device detects ( 19328 ) an increase in intensity of the first contact (e.g., contact  19208  or contact  19222 ) from the first intensity (e.g., an intensity between “IT L ” and “IT D ”) to a second intensity (e.g., an intensity above “IT D ”). In some embodiments, in response ( 19330 ) to detecting the increase in intensity of the first contact from the first intensity to the second intensity: in accordance with a determination that the second intensity is above a cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g. “IT D ”), the device inserts ( 19332 ) a cursor (e.g., selection cursor  19212 ) in the content (e.g., as illustrated in  FIG. 8P ). In some embodiments, in response ( 19330 ) to detecting the increase in intensity of the first contact from the first intensity to the second intensity: in accordance with a determination that the second intensity is below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g. “IT D ”), the device continues ( 19334 ) to display the preview of the cursor without inserting the cursor in the content (e.g., as illustrated in  FIG. 8O ) 
     In some embodiments, inserting the cursor (e.g., selection cursor  19212 ) in the content includes ( 19336 ) displaying an animation of the preview of the cursor (e.g., preview  19216  of selection cursor  19212 ) being replaced with the cursor. In some embodiments, the animation progresses in accordance with a change in intensity of the first contact. For example, the cursor fades in and shrinks in size, appearing to “drop” into the content at a rate by an amount corresponding to the intensity of the first contact. For example in  FIGS. 8N-8P , the device displays an animation of preview  19216  gradually dropping into text  19202  as the intensity of contact  19208  increases. 
     In response ( 19324 ) to detecting the increase in intensity of the first contact: in accordance with a determination that the first intensity is below the cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), the device continues ( 19338 ) to display the content (e.g., text  19202 ) without displaying the preview of the cursor (e.g., as illustrated in  FIG. 8M ). 
     In some embodiments, selecting the portion of the content (e.g., portion  19214  of text  19202 ) in accordance with movement of the focus selector (e.g., selection cursor  19212 ) over the content includes ( 19340 ) starting the selecting at a location in the content that corresponds to a location of the cursor. For example, in  FIG. 8P-8Q , selection of portion  19214  of text  19202  starts at the location of selection cursor  19212  that was placed in text  19202  in response to the increase in intensity described above with reference to  FIGS. 8L-8O . 
     In some embodiments, selecting ( 19314 ) the portion of the content in accordance with the movement of the focus selector over the content includes ( 19342 ): determining ( 19344 ) an intensity of the first contact, selecting ( 19346 ) a respective content subunit type of a plurality of content subunit types (e.g., characters, words, sentences or paragraphs) in accordance with the intensity of the first contact and adjusting ( 19348 ) the selection by adding whole content subunits of the respective subunit type to the selection in accordance with movement of the first contact. For example, when the contact has a lower intensity (e.g., an intensity below “IT D ,” as illustrated in  FIGS. 8X-8Y ), the word type subunits are selected and the device adds to the selection by selecting whole words of the content, whereas when the contact has a higher intensity (e.g., an intensity above “IT D ,” as illustrated in  FIGS. 8Z-8AA ), the character type subunits are selected and the device adds to the selection by selecting individual characters of the content, or vice versa. 
     In some embodiments, while selecting ( 19314 ) the portion of the content (e.g., portion  19214  of text  19202 ), the device detects ( 19352 ) a second contact (e.g., contact  19218  in  FIGS. 8V-8W ) on the touch-sensitive surface and the device detects movement (e.g., movement  19220 - a  in  FIGS. 8V-8W ) of the second contact across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, in response to detecting the movement of the second contact (e.g., contact  19218  in  FIGS. 8V-8W ) across the touch-sensitive surface, the device scrolls ( 19354 ) the content in accordance with the movement of the second contact (e.g., movement  19220 - a  of contact  19218  in  FIGS. 8V-8W ), while continuing to select the content in accordance with movement of the content relative to the focus selector on the display. For example, as shown in  FIG. 8W , the device continues to add to selection  19214  as content  19202  scrolls under selection cursor  19212 . 
     In some embodiments, after ( 19356 ) selecting the portion of the content: the device detects ( 19358 ) a decrease in intensity of the first contact (e.g., contact  19208  or contact  19222 ) below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). For example in both  FIG. 8R  and  FIG. 8T , contact  19208  decreases in intensity from an intensity above the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) to an intensity below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). In some embodiments, in response ( 19360 ) to detecting the decrease in intensity of the first contact below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”): in accordance with a determination that the intensity of the first contact is above a selection-adjustment intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), the device adjusts ( 19362 ) the selection (e.g., by adding and/or removing content from the selection) in accordance with subsequent movement of the first contact (e.g., contact  19208  or contact  19222 ) on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., as illustrated in  FIGS. 8R-8S ). In contrast, in some embodiments, in response ( 19360 ) to detecting the decrease in intensity of the first contact below the selection intensity threshold: in accordance with a determination that the intensity of the first contact is below the selection-adjustment intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), the device forgoes ( 19364 ) adjustment of the selection (e.g., as illustrated in  FIGS. 8T-8U ). In some embodiments, ceasing to adjust the selection includes cancelling the selection. In some embodiments, ceasing to adjust the selection includes displaying an indication of the content that is selected and ceasing to adjust the content in accordance with movement of the first contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., displaying a selection box around content, where the selection box is no longer adjusted in accordance with movement of the first contact). 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 9A-9E  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  19300  described above with respect to  FIGS. 9A-9E . For example, the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, focus selectors and animations described above with reference to method  19300  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, focus selectors and animations described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of the Embodiments). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 10  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  19400  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 10  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10 , an electronic device  19400  includes a display unit  19402  configured to display content, a touch-sensitive surface unit  19404  configured to receive user contacts, one or more sensor units  19406  configured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit  19404 ; and a processing unit  19408  coupled to the display unit  19402 , the touch-sensitive surface unit  19404  and the one or more sensor units  19406 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  includes a display enabling unit  19410 , a detecting unit  19412 , a scrolling unit  19414 , a selecting unit  19416 , an inserting unit  19418  and an adjusting unit  19420 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19410 ) of content on display unit  19402 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is further configured, while a focus selector is over the content, to detect a gesture on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19404  (e.g., with the detecting unit  19412 ), the gesture including: a first contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19404 ; and movement of the first contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit  19404  that corresponds to movement of the focus selector on the display unit  19402 ; and in response to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the first contact has an intensity below a selection intensity threshold, the processing unit  19408  is configured to scroll the content on the display unit  19402  (e.g., with scrolling unit  19414 ) in accordance with movement of the focus selector on the display unit  19402  without selecting the content; and in accordance with a determination that the first contact has an intensity above the selection intensity threshold, the processing unit  19408  is configured to select at least a portion of the content (e.g., with the selecting unit  19416 ) in accordance with the movement of the focus selector over the content. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to select the portion of the content (e.g., with the selecting unit  19416 ) without scrolling the content. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to scroll the content (e.g., with the scrolling unit  19414 ) while selecting the portion of the content (e.g., with the selecting unit  19416 ) in accordance with the movement of the focus selector over the content. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to, prior to selecting the portion of the content (e.g., with the selecting unit  19416 ), detect an increase in intensity of the first contact (e.g., with the detecting unit  19412 ) to a first intensity that is lower than the selection intensity threshold; and in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the first contact: in accordance with a determination that the first intensity is above a cursor-preview intensity threshold, the processing unit  19408  is configured to enable display of a preview of a cursor in the content at a respective location proximate to the focus selector (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19410 ); and in accordance with a determination that the first intensity is below the cursor-preview intensity threshold, the processing unit  19408  is configured to continue to enable display of the content without displaying the preview of the cursor (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19410 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to, while displaying the preview of the cursor in the content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19410 ), to detect an increase in intensity of the first contact from the first intensity to a second intensity (e.g., with the detecting unit  19412 ); and in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the first contact from the first intensity to the second intensity: in accordance with a determination that the second intensity is above a cursor-insertion intensity threshold, insert a cursor in the content (e.g., with the inserting unit  19418 ); and in accordance with a determination that the second intensity is below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold, continue to enable display of the preview of the cursor (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19410 ) without inserting the cursor in the content. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to, while inserting the cursor in the content (e.g., with the inserting unit  19418 ), enable display of an animation of the preview of the cursor being replaced with the cursor (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19410 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to start the selecting the portion of the content (e.g., with selecting unit  19416 ) at a location in the content that corresponds to a location of the cursor. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to, after selecting the portion of the content (e.g., with selecting unit  19416 ), detect a decrease in intensity of the first contact below the selection intensity threshold (e.g., with the detecting unit  19412 ); and in response to detecting the decrease in intensity of the first contact below the selection intensity threshold: in accordance with a determination that the intensity of the first contact is above a selection-adjustment intensity threshold, the processing unit  19408  is configured to adjust the selection (e.g., with the adjusting unit  19420 ) in accordance with movement of the first contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit; and in accordance with a determination that the intensity of the first contact is below the selection-adjustment intensity threshold, the processing unit  19408  is configured to forgo adjustment of the selection. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit is configured to, while selecting the portion of the content, detect a second contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19404  (e.g., with the detecting unit  19412 ) and detect movement of the second contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit  19404  (e.g., with the detecting unit  19412 ); and in response to detecting the movement of the second contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit  19404 , the processing unit is configured to scroll the content (e.g., with the scrolling unit  19414 ) in accordance with the movement of the second contact, while continuing to select the content (e.g., with the selecting unit  19416 ) in accordance with movement of the content relative to the focus selector on the display unit  19402 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19408  is configured to: determine an intensity of the first contact (e.g., with sensor(s)  19406 ); select a respective content subunit type of a plurality of content subunit types in accordance with the intensity of the first contact (e.g., with the selecting unit ( 19416 ); and adjust the selection by adding whole content subunits of the respective subunit type to the selection (e.g., with the adjusting unit  19420 ) in accordance with movement of the first contact. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 9A-9E  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 10 . For example, detection operations  19304 ,  19322 ,  19328 ,  19352  and  19358 , scrolling operations  19312 ,  19318  and  19354 , selecting operations  19314  and  19346 , inserting operation  19332 , and adjusting operations  19348  and  19362  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Determining Whether to Scroll or Enlarge Content 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that display content (e.g., text, images, tables, document icons and/or application shortcut icons) upon which multiple operations are, optionally, performed with the same type of gesture. For example, a word processing application window, optionally, displays editable text that is, optionally, scrolled and/or magnified by a user moving a contact, e.g., on a touch sensitive surface. When this gesture overloading happens within the same application, the different operations (e.g., scrolling and magnifying) are, in some circumstances, associated with different modes of operation. Given the complexity of a user interface environment where a single gesture, optionally, corresponds to multiple operations, there is a need to provide methods and user interfaces that enable the user to more efficiently and conveniently navigate through the user interface environment. 
     The embodiments described below provide improved methods and user interfaces for interacting with user interface content when navigating a complex user interface environment. More specifically, these methods and user interfaces simplify the process of switching between content scrolling and magnifying modes of operation. According to some embodiments described below, a content scrolling and/or magnifying mode of operation is initiated upon the detection of a gesture including a contact on a touch-sensitive surface and movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface corresponding to movement of a focus selector over the content. The user controls whether the gesture initiates the content scrolling and/or magnifying mode of operation through the intensity of the contact. For example, in one embodiment, a user presses down lightly (e.g., with a light press intensity) on the touch-sensitive surface to initiate a scrolling mode of operation and presses down heavily (e.g., with a deep press intensity) on the touch-sensitive surface to initiate a magnifying mode of operation, or vice versa. In some methods, the user switches modes of operation, for example, by selecting a different mode from a menu of options or making a second contact in addition to the gesture for activating the operation. Advantageously, the methods and user interfaces described below simplify the process of switching between modes of operation associated with a same gesture (e.g., scrolling and/or magnifying text) by eliminating the need for additional inputs, such as going through a menu or making an additional contact. 
       FIGS. 11A-11Y  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for determining whether to scroll or enlarge content in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS. 12A-12C .  FIGS. 11A-11Y  include intensity diagrams that show the current intensity of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface relative to a plurality of intensity thresholds including a magnification intensity threshold (e.g., light press intensity threshold “IT L ”) and a cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., deep press intensity threshold “IT D ”). These intensity diagrams are typically not part of the displayed user interface, but are provided to aid in the interpretation of the figures. 
     In some embodiments, the device is an electronic device with a separate display (e.g., display  450 ) and a separate touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the device is portable multifunction device  100 , the display is touch-sensitive display system  112 , and the touch-sensitive surface includes tactile output generators  167  on the display ( FIG. 1A ). For convenience of explanation, the embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 11A-11Y  and  FIGS. 12A-12C  will be discussed with reference to display  450  and a separate touch-sensitive surface  451 , however analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system  112  in response to detecting the contacts described in  FIGS. 11A-11Y  on the touch-sensitive display system  112  while displaying the user interfaces shown in  FIGS. 11A-11Y  on the touch-sensitive display system  112 ; in such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective contact, a representative point corresponding to a contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch-sensitive display system  112 , in place of focus cursor  19504  or editing cursor  19512 . 
       FIG. 11A  illustrates exemplary user interface  19506  displaying text  19502  and cursor  19504 . In  FIG. 11A , user interface  19506  is displayed on display  450  of an electronic device that also includes touch-sensitive surface  451  and one or more sensors for detecting intensity of contacts with touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, touch-sensitive surface  451  is a touch screen display that is optionally display  450  or a separate display. 
       FIGS. 11A-11Y  illustrate various embodiments where cursor  19504 , controlled by contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451  and movement  19510  thereof, moves over at least a portion of text  19502 . In response, depending on the intensity of contact  19508  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , at least a portion of text  19502  is scrolled and/or magnified. For example, when the intensity of contact  19508  exceeds a magnification intensity threshold (e.g., light press intensity threshold “IT L ”), the portion of text  19502  is magnified (e.g., a magnification loupe that includes an enlarged copy the portion of text  19502  is displayed). In contrast, when the intensity of contact  19508  does not exceed the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), text  19502  is scrolled without magnifying the portion of text  19502 . 
       FIGS. 11A-11Y  illustrate detection of a contact  19508 , that corresponds to focus cursor  19504  or editing cursor  19512  displayed on display  450 , and detection of a gesture including movement  19510  of contact  19508  (e.g., movement  19510 - a  of contact  19508  from location  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11A  to location  19508 - b  in  FIGS. 11B-11D and 11N ; movement  19510 - a  of contact  19508  from location  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to location  19508 - b  in  FIGS. 11F-11J ; movement  19510 - b  of contact  19508  from location  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11G  to location  19508 - c  in  FIG. 11K ; and/or movement  19510 - c  of contact  19508  from location  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  to location  19508 - d  in  FIGS. 11O and 11V ) touch-sensitive surface  451 . Contact  19508  is detected at a position on touch-sensitive surface  451  corresponding to an area on display  450  occupied by focus cursor  19504  or editing cursor  19512  (e.g., contact  19508  corresponds to a focus selector on the display which is at or near a location of text  19502 ). In some embodiments, movement  19510  of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451  corresponds to movement of focus cursor  19504  or editing cursor  19512  on display  450 . 
       FIGS. 11A-11D  illustrate an example of a beginning of a gesture where contact  19508  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponds to focus cursor  19504  displayed over text  19502  on display  450 , and has an intensity below the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”). In accordance with movement  19510  of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , text  19502  is scrolled, but not magnified, because contact  19508  has an intensity below the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”). 
       FIGS. 11A-11C  illustrate various embodiments where text  19502  is scrolled, but not magnified, in accordance with movement of focus cursor  19504 . In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 11B , text  19502  is scrolled in the opposite direction as the movement of focus cursor  19504  on display  450 . For example, in response to movement  19510  of contact  19508 , corresponding to movement of focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , downward from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11A  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11B  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , word  19502 - 58  of text  19502  moves upwards from position  19502 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 11A  to position  19502 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 11B  on display  450 . In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 11C , text  19502  is scrolled in the same direction as the movement of focus cursor  19504  on display  450 . For example, in response to movement  19510  of contact  19508 , corresponding to movement of focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , downward from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11A  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11C  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , word  19502 - 58  of text  19502  moves downward from position  19502 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 11A  to position  19502 - 58 - c  in  FIG. 11C  on display  450 . 
     The series of  FIGS. 11A and 11D  illustrates an embodiment where text  19502  scrolls on display  450  in accordance with movement  19510  of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , however, focus cursor  19504  does not move. For example, in response to movement  19510  of contact  19508  downward from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11A  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11D  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , word  19502 - 58  of text  19502  moves upwards from position  19502 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 11A  to position  19502 - 58 - b  in  FIG. 11D  on display  450 , but focus cursor  19504  does not move. As such, the relative position of focus cursor  19504  in text  19502  moves in accordance with movement  19510  of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451  without cursor  19504  moving on display  450 . 
       FIGS. 11E-11L  illustrate an example of a beginning of a gesture where contact  19508  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponds to focus cursor  19504  displayed over text  19502  on display  450 , and has an intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”). In accordance with movement of cursor  19504  over text  19502 , a portion of text  19502  is displayed in enlarged representation  19514  (e.g., the portion of text is magnified on the display) because contact  19508  has an intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”). In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 11E-11L , enlarged representation  19514  of the portion of text  19502  is displayed as or in a predefined shape (e.g., a rectangle). In some embodiments, an enlarged representation that is enclosed in a predefined shape is called a “magnification loupe.” In some embodiments, the enlarged representation  19514  is displayed when the intensity of contact  19508  increases to an intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), even when the contact is stationary on the touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., the magnification loupe is displayed in response to a stationary press input), as shown in  FIG. 11E . 
       FIGS. 11E-11K  illustrate various embodiments where a portion of text  19502  is displayed in enlarged representation  19514  (e.g., the portion of text is magnified), but text  19502  is not scrolled. For example, in accordance with the movement of focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , corresponding to movement  19510  of contact  19508  from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19508 - b  in  FIGS. 11E-11J  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , a portion of text  19502  is displayed in enlarged representation  19514  (e.g., the portion of text is magnified) because the intensity of contact  19508  is above the magnification threshold (e.g., “IT L ”). During the selection, word  19502 - 58  does not move (e.g., is not scrolled) from position  19502 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 11E , despite movement of focus cursor  19504  downward on display  450 . 
       FIG. 11F  illustrates an embodiment where enlarged representation  19514 - 1  of a portion of text  19502  includes a portion of at least the line of text  19502  that focus cursor  19504  is displayed over. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 11F , while focus cursor  19504  is displayed over the word “portion” in text  19502 , enlarged representation  19514 - 1  displays words preceding (e.g., “dedicate” and “a”) and following (e.g., “of,” “that” and “field”) the word “portion.” In  FIG. 11F , focus cursor  19504  has moved and thus the enlarged text within enlarged representation  19514 - 1  has changed to represent text at the location of focus cursor  19504  in  FIG. 11F . 
       FIGS. 11G-11H  illustrate an embodiment where enlarged representation  19514  of a portion of text  19502  includes portions of at least three horizontal lines of text  19502  displayed concurrently. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 11G , while focus cursor  19504  is displayed over the word “portion” in text  19502 , enlarged representation  19514  displays words preceding (e.g., “dedicate” and “a”) and following (e.g., “of,” “that” and “field”) the word “portion,” as well as portions of the lines immediately above (e.g., “a great battle-field of that war.”) and below (e.g., “ce for those who here gave th”) the line of text  19502  in which “portion” is found. 
       FIG. 11H  illustrates an embodiment where enlarged representation  19514  of a portion of text  19502  is displayed over (e.g., covers) the portion of text  19502  magnified from the pre-contact display. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 11G , text  19502  is displayed on display  450  at a first size. Upon magnification of a portion of text  19502  that includes the word “portion” at a second, larger, size (e.g., in enlarged representation  19514 ), the magnified portion of text  19502  displayed at the first, smaller, size is no longer visible. In contrast,  FIG. 11G  illustrates an embodiment where enlarged representation  19514  of a portion of text  19502  is not displayed over (e.g., is not covering) the portion of text  19502  magnified from the pre-contact display (e.g., the text shown in  FIG. 11A ). 
       FIGS. 11F and 11I-11J  illustrate various embodiments where the size of enlarged representation  19514  of a portion of text  19502  is determined based on the intensity of contact  19508 . For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 11F , when contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to focus cursor  19504  positioned over a portion of text  19502  on display  450 , has an intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), enlarged representation  19514  includes a portion of the line of text  19502  over which focus cursor  19504  is positioned and is displayed at a magnified size  19514 - 1 . In contrast, when contact  19508  in  FIG. 11I  has a greater intensity than contact  19508  in  FIG. 11F , enlarged representation  19514  is displayed at a magnified size  19514 - 2  that is greater than magnified size  19514 - 1 , as shown in  FIG. 11I  (e.g., enlarging the magnification loupe includes increasing the size of the text that is included in the magnification loupe). In some embodiments, when contact  19508  in  FIG. 11J  has a greater intensity than contact  19508  in  FIG. 11F , enlarged representation  19514  includes a portion of the line of text  19502  over which focus cursor  19504  is positioned, as well as portions of the lines immediately above and below the line of text  19502  over which focus cursor  19504  is positioned, as shown in  FIG. 11J  (e.g., enlarging the magnification loupe includes expanding the quantity of text that is included in the magnification loupe). 
     The series of  FIGS. 11E and 11M  illustrate an embodiment where a portion of text  19502  is magnified while text  19502  is scrolled, but focus cursor  19504  does not move on display  450 . For example, text  19502  scrolls on display  450  in accordance with movement  19510  of contact  19508  from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11M  on touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., word  19502 - 58  is scrolled from position  19502 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19502 - b  in  FIG. 11M  on display  450 ). In accordance with the change (e.g., movement) of the relative position of focus cursor  19504  in text  19502 , despite the lack of movement of focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , the portion of text  19502  is displayed in enlarged representation  19514  because contact  19508  has an intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”). 
     The series of  FIGS. 11E and 11N  illustrate an embodiment where a portion of text  19502  is magnified while text  19502  is scrolled. For example, a portion of text  19502  is displayed in enlarged representation  19514  in accordance with movement of focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , corresponding to movement of contact  19508  from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N , because the intensity of contact  19508  is above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”). During the magnification, word  19502 - 58  moves (e.g., is scrolled) from position  19502 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19502 - b  in  FIG. 11N  on display  450 , in accordance with movement of focus cursor  19504  downward on display  450 . 
     The series of  FIGS. 11E, 11G, 11K and 11L  illustrate an embodiment where a portion of text  19502  is magnified, but text  19502  is only scrolled when additional text is prompted to be displayed. For example, in accordance with movement of focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , corresponding to movement  19510  of contact  19508  from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E , through position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11G , to position  19508 - c  in  FIG. 11K  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , a portion of text  19502  is displayed in enlarged representation  19514  (e.g., is magnified) because the intensity of contact  19508  is above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), but text  19502  is not scrolled on display  450 . In response to focus cursor  19504  reaching an edge of displayed text  19502  in  FIG. 11K , text  19502  is scrolled upwards (e.g., word  19502 - 58  is scrolled from position  19502 - 58 - a  in  FIG. 11K  to position  19502 - b  in  FIG. 11L  on display  450 ) so that additional text is displayed proximate to focus cursor  19504 . In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 11L , when contact  19508  is maintained at an intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) at position  19508 - c  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to a position proximal to an edge of displayed text  19502 , scrolling of text  19502  is continued despite the lack of movement of contact  19508 . In some embodiments, the speed at which text  19502  is scrolled is determined in accordance with an intensity of contact  19508  (e.g., as intensity of contact  19508  increases, the speed of scrolling text  19502  increases). 
     The series of  FIGS. 11A-11B and 11N-11O  illustrate an embodiment where text  19502  is initially scrolled, but not magnified, in accordance with movement of focus cursor  19504 , corresponding to movement of contact  19508  having an intensity below a magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), as shown in  FIGS. 11A-11B . Following an increase in the intensity of contact  19508  to an intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), scrolling of text  19502  is stopped and a portion of text  19502  is displayed in enlarged representation  19514  (e.g., is magnified) in accordance with subsequent movement of contact  19508 . For example, when the intensity of contact  19508  is increased at position  19508 - b  from an initial intensity below a magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) in  FIG. 11B  to a subsequent intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) in  FIG. 11N , scrolling of text  19502  is stopped (e.g., word  19502 - 58  does not move from position  19502 - 58 - b  in  FIGS. 11N-11O , despite continued movement of contact  19508  to position  19508 - c  in  FIG. 11O ) and a portion of text  19502  is displayed in enlarged representation  19514  in accordance with movement of contact  19508  from position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  to position  19508 - c  in  FIG. 11O  on touch-sensitive surface  451 . 
       FIGS. 11O-11R  illustrate various embodiments where, in response to detecting an increase in the intensity of the contact, an editing cursor  19512  is placed in text  19502  at a location corresponding to the location of focus cursor  19504 . For example, in response to detecting an increase of the intensity of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , from an intensity below a cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., deep press intensity threshold “IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11O , to an intensity above the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11P , editing cursor  19512  is placed in the text displayed within enlarged representation  19514  at location  19512 - 2  on display  450 , corresponding to location  19504 - 1  of focus cursor  19504  in text  19502  (e.g., between the letters “h” and “e” in the word “The”).  FIG. 11Q  illustrates an embodiment, where focus cursor  19504  is replaced with an editing cursor  19512  at location  19512 - 1  on display  450 , corresponding to location  19504 - 1  of focus cursor  19504  in text  19502  (e.g., between the letters “h” and “e” in the word “The”) in  FIG. 11Q . In contrast,  FIG. 11R  illustrates an embodiment where, in response to an increase of the intensity of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , from an intensity below a cursor-insertion intensity threshold (“IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11O , to a greater intensity that is still below cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11R , a editing cursor is not placed in the text. 
       FIGS. 11S-11T  illustrate various embodiments where, prior to placing an editing cursor into the enlarged representation  19514  of text  19502 , preview  19516  of an editing cursor  19512  is displayed. For example, in response to an increase of the intensity of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , corresponding to focus cursor  19504  on display  450 , from an intensity below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11O , to a greater intensity that is still below cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11S , preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512  is placed in the text displayed within enlarged representation  19514  at a location corresponding to location  19504 - 1  of focus cursor  19504  in text  19502  (e.g., between the letters “h” and “e” in the word “The”). 
     The series of  FIGS. 11O, 11S and 11P  illustrates an embodiment where editing cursor  19512  is placed in enlarged representation  19514  of text  19502  when the intensity of contact  19508  is further increased. For example, while preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512  is displayed in  FIG. 11S , in response to a subsequent increase in the intensity of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451  to an intensity above a cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11P , editing cursor  19512  is placed in enlarged representation  19514  of text  19502  at a position on display  450  previously occupied by preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512 . 
     The series of  FIGS. 11O, 11S, 11T and 11P  illustrates an embodiment where an animation is shown during replacement of preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512  with editing cursor  19512 . For example, while preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512  is displayed at size  19516 - 1  on display  450  in  FIG. 11S , in response to a subsequent increase in the intensity of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451  to a greater intensity that is still below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11T , preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512  is shrunk to size  19516 - 2 . In response to a further increase in the intensity of contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451  to an intensity above the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), as illustrated in  FIG. 11P , editing cursor  19512  is placed in enlarged representation  19514  of text  19502  at a position on display  450  previously occupied by preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512 , giving the impression that preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512  gradually “drops” into representation  19514  of text  19502  in accordance with the increase in intensity of contact  19508  from  FIG. 11O  to  FIG. 11P . 
       FIGS. 11U-11Y  illustrate various embodiments where user interface  19506  is conditionally activated for adjustment of displayed text  19502  upon liftoff of contact  19508  from touch-sensitive surface  451 . For example, in response to detection of liftoff of contact  19508  from touch-sensitive surface  451 , user interface  19506  is activated to perform one of a plurality of adjustment functionalities, dependent upon the movement intensity profile of contact  19508  prior to liftoff (e.g., immediately prior to detecting liftoff of the contact or at a predefined time prior to detecting liftoff of the contact). 
     The series of  FIGS. 11E, 11N, 11O and 11U  illustrates an embodiment where in response to liftoff of contact  19508 , where contact  19508  had a maximum intensity prior to liftoff below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), text  19502  is displayed on display  450  without placing an editing cursor into the text. For example, in response to detecting liftoff of a gesture including contact  19508 , movement  19510 - a  from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  and movement  19510 - c  from position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  to position  19508 - d  in  FIG. 11O , corresponding to movement of focus cursor  19504  over text  19502  on display  450 , having a maximum intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) and below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), display of text  19502  on display  450  is continued without inserting a editing cursor into text  19502 , as illustrated in  FIG. 11U . 
     The series of  FIGS. 11E, 11N, 11V and 11W  illustrates an embodiment where in response to liftoff of contact  19508 , where contact  19508  had a maximum intensity prior to liftoff above the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), editing cursor  19512  is placed in text  19502 . For example, in response to detecting liftoff of a gesture including contact  19508 , movement  19510 - a  from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  and movement  19510 - c  from position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  to position  19508 - d  in  FIG. 11V , corresponding to movement of focus cursor  19504  over text  19502  on display  450 , having a maximum intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) and above the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) as shown in  FIG. 11V , editing cursor  19512  is placed in text  19502  at a position on display  450  previously occupied by focus cursor  19504 , as illustrated in  FIG. 11W . 
     The series of  FIGS. 11E, 11N, 11O and 11X  illustrates an embodiment where in response to liftoff of contact  19508 , where contact  19508  had a maximum intensity prior to liftoff below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), portion  19518  of text  19502  is selected. For example, in response to detecting liftoff of a gesture including contact  19508 , movement  19510 - a  from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  and movement  19510 - c  from position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  to position  19508 - d  in  FIG. 11O , corresponding to movement of focus cursor  19504  over text  19502  on display  450 , having a maximum intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) and below the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), portion  19518  of text  19502  is selected, as illustrated in  FIG. 11X .  FIG. 11X  illustrates an embodiment where, in response to liftoff of contact  19508 , a keyboard input element is not displayed.  FIG. 11X  also illustrates an embodiment where, in response to liftoff of contact  19508 , user interface menu  19520 , including selectable affordances for cutting, copying and pasting text, is displayed on display  450 . In some embodiments user interface menu  19520  enables the user to cut or copy the selected text or replace the selected text with pasted text from a virtual clipboard by activating virtual buttons on the menu (e.g., performing tap inputs or press inputs while a focus selector is over virtual buttons on the menu). 
     The series of  FIGS. 11E, 11N, 11V and 11Y  illustrates an embodiment where in response to liftoff of contact  19508 , where contact  19508  had a maximum intensity prior to liftoff above the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”), editing cursor  19512  is placed in text  19502  and keyboard input element  19522  is displayed. For example, in response to detecting liftoff of a gesture including contact  19508 , movement  19510 - a  from position  19508 - a  in  FIG. 11E  to position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  and movement  19510 - c  from position  19508 - b  in  FIG. 11N  to position  19508 - d  in  FIG. 11V , corresponding to movement of focus cursor  19504  over text  19502  on display  450 , having a maximum intensity above the magnification intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”) and above the cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) as shown in  FIG. 11V , editing cursor  19512  is placed in text  19502  at a position on display  450  previously occupied by focus cursor  19504  and keyboard input element  19522  is displayed on display  450 , as illustrated in  FIG. 11Y . In some embodiments keyboard input element  19522  enables the user to type out text and/or delete text at the location of editing cursor  19512  by activating virtual buttons/keys on the keyboard (e.g., performing tap inputs or press inputs while a focus selector is over virtual buttons/keys on the keyboard). 
     In some embodiments, the enlarged representation of the portion of the text (e.g., the “magnification loupe”) is displayed in accordance with an enlarged-representation mode, where: when the enlarged-representation mode (e.g., “loupe-display mode”) is enabled, the enlarged representation of the portion of the text is displayed without regard to a current intensity of the contact; and when the enlarged-representation mode is not enabled, the enlarged representation of the portion of the text is not displayed or is displayed only when the current intensity of the contact is above a enlarged-representation display intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ). For example, when not in the enlarged-representation mode, if the user reduces the intensity of the contact corresponding to the enlarged representation below the enlarged-representation display intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ), or lifts the contact off of the touch-sensitive surface, and the device will cease to display the enlarged representation of the portion of the text (e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 11T and 11U  where enlarged representation  19514  ceases to be displayed after detecting liftoff of contact  19508 ). In contrast, when in the enlarged-representation mode, even if the user reduces the intensity of the contact corresponding to the enlarged-representation below the enlarged-representation display intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ), or lifts the contact off of the touch-sensitive surface, the device will continue to display the enlarged representation of the portion of the text (e.g., if the device were in the enlarged-representation mode, in  FIG. 11T  enlarged representation  19514  would continue to be displayed on display  450  even if the intensity of contact  19508  decreased below IT L  or was lifted off of touch-sensitive surface  451 ). Thus, in some situations the device displays an enlarged representation and enters the enlarged-representation mode in response to detecting an increase in intensity of a first contact (e.g., above a mode-change intensity threshold such as IT D ) and then, after ceasing to detect the first contact, detects a second contact corresponding to a focus selector at or near the location of the enlarged representation and subsequently moves the enlarged representation (e.g., that was displayed in response to the increase in intensity of the first contact) in accordance with movement of the second contact on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, the enlarged representation is displayed when the intensity of a contact increases over a enlarged-representation display intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ), as shown in  FIGS. 11A and 11E , without enabling the enlarged-representation mode and while the enlarged representation continues to be displayed, the device detects an increase in intensity of the contact over a mode-change intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ) that is higher than the enlarged-representation display intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ) and enters the enlarged-representation mode in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the contact over the mode-change intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ). In some embodiments a size of the enlarged representation gradually increases as the intensity of the contact increases from the enlarged-representation display intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ) to the mode-change intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ). In some embodiments, the enlarged-representation display intensity threshold is different from (and lower than) the mode-change intensity threshold, as described above. In some embodiments, the enlarged-representation display intensity threshold is the same as (or substantially the same as) the mode-change intensity threshold. Thus, in some embodiments, the enlarged representation is displayed and the enlarged-representation mode is enabled in response to detecting an increase in intensity of a contact above a same intensity threshold (e.g., a combined intensity threshold such as either IT L  or IT D ). 
     Thus, in some embodiments, the device enters the enlarged-representation mode in response to detecting a first press input including an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below a mode-change intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ) to an intensity above the mode-change intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the device exits the enlarged-representation mode in response to detecting a second press input corresponding to a focus selector at or near a location of the enlarged representation on the display, where the second press input includes an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below the mode-change intensity threshold to an intensity above the mode-change intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ). For example, a user of the device can request semi-permanent display of a magnification loupe by performing a deep press input (e.g., increasing the intensity of a contact above IT D ) and can move the magnification loupe on the display by moving one or more contacts, with an intensity below the mode-change intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ), on the touch-sensitive surface that have an intensity below the mode-change intensity threshold (e.g., IT D ). In this example, when the user performs a second deep press input (e.g., with the same contact or a different contact from the contact that was used to perform the first press input) corresponding to a focus selector at or near a location of the enlarged representation on the display, the device exits the enlarged-representation mode and, when a contact drops below an enlarged-representation display intensity threshold (e.g., IT L ), the device ceases to display the enlarged representation. 
       FIGS. 12A-12C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  19600  of determining whether to scroll or enlarge content in accordance with some embodiments. The method  19600  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG. 1A ) with a display and a touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  19600  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  19600  provides an intuitive way to interact with user interface content. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when determining whether to scroll or enlarge content, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to interact with user interface content faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, the device displays ( 19602 ), on a display (e.g., display  450 ), content at a first size (e.g. text  19502  in  FIGS. 11A-11Y ). In some embodiments, the content includes text, one or more images and/or more or more tables. In some embodiments, the content is selectable content that is configured to be selected and once selected can be copied, deleted or modified in accordance with input from a user of the device (e.g., text in a word processing application window, numbers in a spreadsheet application window, document icons in a folder application window, images in photography application window, music file icons in an audio player application window, video file icons in a video player application window, application shortcut icons displayed on a desktop). 
     In some embodiments, while a focus selector (e.g., focus cursor  19504  in  FIGS. 11A-11P and 11R-11V  or editing cursor  19512  in  FIGS. 11Q, 11W and 11Y ) is over the content, the device detects ( 19604 ) a gesture on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ), the gesture including a contact (e.g., contact  19508  in  FIGS. 11A-11Y ) on the touch-sensitive surface ( 19606 ) and movement (e.g., movement  19510  of contact  19508  in  FIGS. 11A-11Y ) of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to movement of the focus selector over the content on the display ( 19608 ) (e.g., movement of the focus selector over at least a portion of the content). 
     In some embodiments, in response ( 19610 ) to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity below a first intensity threshold (e.g., light press intensity threshold “IT L ” in  FIGS. 11A-11D ), the device scrolls ( 19612 ) the content on the display (e.g., display  450 ) in accordance with movement of the focus selector on the display while maintaining display of the content at the first size, as shown in  FIGS. 11A-11D . In some embodiments, the first intensity threshold is an intensity threshold that is higher than an input-detection intensity threshold (e.g., contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0 ) at which the contact is initially detected. In some embodiments, scrolling the content in accordance with movement of the focus selector includes scrolling the content so that it moves in a same direction as movement of the focus selector on the display (e.g., display  450 ) and/or movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ) as shown in  FIGS. 11A and 11C . In some embodiments, scrolling the content in accordance with movement of the focus selector includes scrolling the content so that it moves in an opposite direction from movement of the focus selector on the display (e.g., display  450 ) and/or movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive surface  451 ) as shown in  FIGS. 11A-11B . 
     In response ( 19610 ) to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity above the first intensity threshold (e.g., light press intensity threshold “IT L ” in  FIGS. 11E-11T and 11V ), the device displays ( 19614 ) an enlarged representation (e.g., enlarged representation  19514  in  FIGS. 11E-11T and 11V ) of a portion of the content (e.g., text  19502 ) corresponding to a location of the focus selector in the content, where the enlarged representation is displayed at a second size larger than the first size. In some embodiments, the content is text, the first size is a first font size and the second size is a second font size that is larger than the first font size. In some embodiments, the enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., enlarged representation  19514  of portions of text  19502 ) is displayed ( 19616 ) in a predefined shape (e.g., in a virtual loupe shaped like a rectangle, square, oval or circle), as shown in  FIG. 11E . In some embodiments, the enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., enlarged representation  19514  of portions of text  19502 ) includes ( 19618 ) portions of at least three horizontal lines of text displayed concurrently (e.g., as illustrated in  FIGS. 11G-11H, 11J-11T and 11V ). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., enlarged representation  19514  of portions of text  19502 ), the device ceases ( 19620 ) to display the portion of the content at the first size (e.g., the virtual loupe covers the portion of the content, as illustrated in  FIG. 11H ). In some embodiments, a size of the enlarged representation is determined ( 19622 ) based on the intensity of the contact (e.g., a harder press input increases a size of the virtual loupe). In some embodiments, as the size of the enlarged representation increases, the font size of the text increases along with the enlarged representation so that the text in the enlarged representation is larger (e.g., as illustrated in  FIGS. 11F and 11I ). In some embodiments, as the size of the enlarged representation increases, the font size of the text in the enlarged representation stays the same, so that the amount of text shown in the enlarged representation increases (e.g., more characters are displayed in the enlarged representation, as illustrated in  FIGS. 11F and 11J ). 
     In some embodiments, the device scrolls ( 19624 ) the content (e.g., text  19502 ) while displaying the enlarged representation (e.g., enlarged representation  19514 ) of a portion of the content. For example, when the focus selector reaches an edge of a displayed portion of the content or the first contact reaches an edge of the touch-sensitive surface, the device scrolls the content so that additional content is displayed proximate to the first contact (e.g., by scrolling the content up if the first contact is near a bottom edge of the displayed content, as illustrated in the series of  FIGS. 11K-11L , or scrolling the content down if the first contact is near a top edge of the displayed content). 
     In some embodiments, the device displays ( 19626 ) the enlarged representation of a portion of the content (e.g., enlarged representation  19514  of text  19502 ) without scrolling the content. For example, when the contact has an intensity above the first intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), the device stops scrolling the content in accordance with movement of the focus selector and begins displaying an enlarged portion of the content that changes in accordance with movement of the focus selector (e.g., as illustrated in the series of  FIGS. 11A-11B and 11N-11O ). 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 19628 ) an increase in intensity of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, in response ( 19630 ) to detecting the increase in intensity of the contact, in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity above a second intensity threshold (e.g., a cursor-insertion intensity threshold corresponding to deep press intensity threshold “IT D ” in  FIGS. 11P-11Q and 11V ) higher than the first intensity threshold (e.g., magnification intensity threshold corresponding to light press intensity threshold “IT L ”), the device places ( 19632 ) a cursor (e.g., editing cursor  19512  in  FIGS. 11P-11Q, 11V-11W and 11Y ) in the content at a location corresponding to the location of the focus selector (e.g., focus cursor  19504 ) in the content. 
     In some embodiments, prior to placing the cursor (e.g., editing cursor  19512  in  FIGS. 11P-11Q, 11V-11W and 11Y ) in the content, the device displays ( 19634 ) a preview of the cursor (e.g., preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512  in  FIGS. 11S-11T ) in the enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., enlarged representation  19514  of a portion of text  19502 ). In some embodiments, the preview of the cursor is displayed when the contact has intensity between a cursor-preview intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ” or a hysteresis intensity threshold associated with and below IT D ) and a cursor-insertion intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”). 
     In some embodiments, in response ( 19630 ) to detecting the increase in intensity of the contact, in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity below the second intensity (e.g., cursor-insertion intensity “IT D ”), the device continues ( 19636 ) to display the enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., enlarged representation  19514  of a portion of text  19502 ) without placing the cursor in the content. 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 19638 ) liftoff of the contact (e.g., contact  19508  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , as illustrated in  FIGS. 11U and 11W-11Y ). For example, in some embodiments, liftoff of the contact is detected after displaying a preview of a cursor (e.g., preview  19516  of editing cursor  19512 ) in the content (e.g., text  19502 ) or enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., enlarged representation  19514  of text  19502 ) on the display. 
     In some embodiments, in response ( 19640 ) to detecting liftoff of the contact (e.g., contact  19508 ), in accordance with a determination that the contact had a maximum intensity between the first intensity threshold (e.g., magnification intensity threshold “IT L ” or a cursor-preview intensity threshold) and a second intensity threshold (e.g., cursor-insertion intensity threshold “IT D ”) prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, the device continues ( 19642 ) to display the content (e.g., text  19502 ) without placing a cursor in the content, as shown in  FIG. 11U . In some embodiments, in response ( 19640 ) to detecting liftoff of the contact, in accordance with a determination that the contact had a maximum intensity between the first intensity threshold (e.g., magnification intensity threshold “IT L ” or a cursor-preview intensity threshold) and the second intensity threshold (e.g., cursor-insertion intensity threshold “IT D ”) prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, the device selects ( 19644 ) a portion of the content without displaying a keyboard input element (e.g., selects a word closest to the focus selector upon liftoff, such as word “The,” selection  19518 , and displays a cut/copy/paste user interface  19520 , as illustrated in  FIG. 11X ). 
     In response ( 19640 ) to detecting liftoff of the contact (e.g., contact  19508 ), in accordance with a determination that the contact had a maximum intensity above the second intensity threshold (e.g., cursor-insertion intensity threshold “IT D ”) prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, the device places ( 19646 ) a cursor (e.g., editing cursor  19512 ) in the content at a location proximate to a location of the focus selector (e.g., focus cursor  19504 ) on the display (e.g., display  450 ). In some embodiments, in response ( 19640 ) to detecting liftoff of the contact, in accordance with a determination that the contact had a maximum intensity above the second intensity threshold (e.g., cursor-insertion intensity threshold “IT D ”) prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, the device displays ( 19648 ) a keyboard input element (e.g., keyboard input element  19524  in  FIG. 11Y ) enabling insertion and/or deletion of text at the location of the cursor (e.g., editing cursor  19512 ) in the content (e.g., text  19502 ). 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 12A-12C  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  19600  described above with respect to  FIGS. 12A-12C . For example the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, focus selectors and animations described above with reference to method  19600  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, focus selectors and animations described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 13  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  19700  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 13  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , an electronic device  19700  includes a display unit  19702  configured to display content, a touch-sensitive surface unit  19704  configured to receive user contacts, one or more sensor units  19706  configured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit  19704 ; and a processing unit  19708  coupled to the display unit  19702 , the touch-sensitive surface unit  19704  and the one or more sensor units  19706 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  includes a display enabling unit  19710 , a detecting unit  19712 , a scrolling unit  19714 , a selecting unit  19716 , a placing unit  19718 , and a ceasing unit  19720 , and a determining unit  19722 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is configured to enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ) of content at a first size on the display unit  19702 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is further configured, while a focus selector is over the content, to detect a gesture on a touch-sensitive surface unit  19704  (e.g., with the detecting unit  19712 ), the gesture including: a contact on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19704  and movement of the contact across the touch-sensitive surface unit  19704  that corresponds to movement of the focus selector over the content on the display unit  19702 ; and in response to detecting the gesture: in accordance with a determination (e.g., with the determining unit  19722 ) that the contact has an intensity below a first intensity threshold (e.g., “IT L ”), the processing unit  19708  is configured to scroll the content on the display unit  19702  (e.g., with the scrolling unit  19714 ) in accordance with movement of the focus selector on the display unit  19702  while maintaining display of the content at the first size (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ); and in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity above the first intensity threshold, the processing unit  19708  is configured to display an enlarged representation of a portion of the content corresponding to a location of the focus selector in the content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ), where the enlarged representation is displayed at a second size larger than the first size. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is configured to enable display of the enlarged representation of the portion of the content in a predefined shape (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ). 
     In some embodiments, the enlarged representation of the portion of the content includes portions of at least three horizontal lines of text displayed concurrently. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is configured to, while enabling display of the enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ), cease to enable display of the portion of the content at the first size (e.g., with the ceasing unit  19720 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is configured to determine a size of the enlarged representation based on the intensity of the contact (e.g., with the determining unit  19722 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is configured to scroll the content (e.g., with the scrolling unit  19714 ) while enabling display of the enlarged representation of a portion of the content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is configured to enable display of the enlarged representation of a portion of the content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ) without scrolling the content. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to detect an increase in intensity of the contact (e.g., with the detecting unit  19712 ) on the touch-sensitive surface unit  19704 ; and in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the contact: in accordance with a determination (e.g., with the determining unit  19722 ) that the contact has an intensity above a second intensity threshold (e.g., “IT D ”) higher than the first intensity threshold, the processing unit  19708  is configured to place a cursor in the content at a location corresponding to the location of the focus selector in the content (e.g., with the placing unit  19718 ); and in accordance with a determination that the contact has an intensity below the second intensity, the processing unit is configured to continue enabling display of the enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ) without placing the cursor in the content. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is configured to, prior to placing the cursor in the content (e.g., with the placing unit  19718 ), enable display of a preview of the cursor in the enlarged representation of the portion of the content (e.g., with the display enabling unit). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  19708  is further configured to detect liftoff of the contact (e.g., with the detecting unit  19712 ) and in response to detecting liftoff of the contact: in accordance with a determination (e.g., with the determining unit  19722 ) that the contact had a maximum intensity between the first intensity threshold and a second intensity threshold prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, the processing unit is configured to continue enabling display of the content without placing a cursor in the content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ); and in accordance with a determination that the contact had a maximum intensity above the second intensity threshold prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, the processing unit  19708  is configured to place a cursor in the content at a location proximate to a location of the focus selector on the display unit  19702  (e.g., with the placing unit  19718 ). 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting liftoff of the contact (e.g., with the detecting unit  19712 ), in accordance with a determination (e.g., with the determining unit  19722 ) that the contact had a maximum intensity between the first intensity threshold and the second intensity threshold prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, the processing unit  19708  is configured to select a portion of the content without displaying a keyboard input element (e.g., with the selecting unit  19716 ). 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting liftoff of the contact (e.g., with the detecting unit  19712 ), in accordance with a determination (e.g., with the determining unit  19722 ) that the contact had a maximum intensity above the second intensity threshold prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, the processing unit  19708  is configured to enable display of a keyboard input element (e.g., with the display enabling unit  19710 ) enabling insertion of text at the location of the cursor in the content. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally implemented by running one or more functional modules in information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A and 3 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 12A-12C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B  or  FIG. 13 . For example, detecting operations  19604 ,  19628  and  19638 , scrolling operations  19612  and  19624 , ceasing operation  19620 , placing operations  19632  and  19646  and selecting operation  19642  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations have been described above is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that the various processes separately described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments) can be combined with each other in different arrangements. For example, the contacts, user interface objects, tactile sensations, intensity thresholds, and/or focus selectors described above with reference to any one of the various processes separately described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments) optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, tactile sensations, intensity thresholds, and focus selectors described herein with reference to one or more of the other methods described herein (e.g., those listed in the fifth paragraph of the Description of Embodiments). For brevity, all of the various possible combinations are not specifically enumerated here, but it should be understood that the claims described above may be combined in any way that is not precluded by mutually exclusive claim features. 
     The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the various described embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the various described embodiments and their practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the various described embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20150917
Publication Date: 20190108
Grant Date: 20190108
Priority Date: 20121229
Inventors: MISSIG, JULIAN
BROWN, MATTHEW I.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F3/04883", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04805", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04805", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04845", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0483", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0483", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04883", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04845", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04845", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0483", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04805", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04883", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0485", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 49817248