PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11143847-B1
Application Number: US-201816143364-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B1

Title: Optical system

Abstract:
A compact, small form factor optical system for cameras that provides multiple optical paths to capture images of an object field in different portions of the light spectrum. The optical system includes a front lens group that captures visible and near-infrared (NIR) light from an object field and refracts the light to a beam splitter that splits the visible light and the NIR light onto two paths. On the visible light path, a visible light lens group refracts the visible light to form an image of the object field at a visible light sensor. On the NIR light path, a NIR light lens group refracts the NIR light to form an image of the object field at an NIR light sensor. The optical system thus provides images of the object field at two sensor planes, one image in the visible spectrum and the other image in the NIR spectrum.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An optical system, comprising:
 a front lens group comprising one or more refractive lens elements; 
 a beam splitter; 
 a visible light lens group comprising one or more refractive lens elements; and 
 a near-infrared (NIR) lens group comprising one or more refractive lens elements; 
 wherein the front lens group is configured to receive visible and NIR light from an object field and refract the visible and NIR light to the beam splitter; 
 wherein the beam splitter is configured to direct the visible light to the visible light lens group and direct the NIR light to the NIR light lens group; 
 wherein the visible light lens group is configured to refract the visible light to form a visible light image at a visible light sensor; 
 wherein the NIR light lens group is configured to refract the NIR light to form a NIR light image at a NIR light sensor; and 
 wherein a field of view (FOV) of the visible light image formed by the visible light lens group at the visible light sensor is different than a FOV of the NIR light image formed by the NIR light lens group at the NIR light sensor. 
 
     
     
       2. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , wherein F/number of the visible light lens group is different than F/number of the NIR light lens group. 
     
     
       3. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the front lens group comprises two refractive lenses with negative refractive power. 
     
     
       4. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the beam splitter comprises two prisms formed as a single unit, where a first prism has a surface that reflects NIR light and passes visible light, and wherein a second prism has a surface that reflects visible light and passes NIR light. 
     
     
       5. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group each includes four refractive lens elements. 
     
     
       6. The optical system as recited in  claim 5 , wherein the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group each includes, from an object side of the lens group to an image side of the lens group:
 a first refractive lens element with a positive refractive power; 
 a second refractive lens element with a negative refractive power; 
 a third refractive lens element with a positive refractive power; and 
 a fourth refractive lens element with a negative refractive power. 
 
     
     
       7. The optical system as recited in  claim 5 , wherein the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group each includes an aperture stop located between a first lens element and a second lens element from an object side of the lens group. 
     
     
       8. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the refractive lens elements in the visible light lens group are different than the corresponding refractive lens elements in the NIR light lens group. 
     
     
       9. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the refractive lens elements in the visible light lens group are the same as the corresponding refractive lens elements in the NIR light lens group. 
     
     
       10. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , wherein at least one lens element in the visible light lens group is the same as its corresponding lens element in the NIR light lens group, and at least one other lens element in the visible light lens group is different than its corresponding lens element in the NIR light lens group. 
     
     
       11. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 ,
 wherein the visible light sensor is a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and wherein the visible light lens group in combination with the front lens group provides a 1.96 mm effective focal length, an F/number of F/2.0, and a 120 degree FOV at the visible light sensor; and 
 wherein the NIR light sensor is a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR light sensor, and wherein the NIR light lens group in combination with the front lens group provides a 2.42 mm effective focal length, an F/number of F/1.8, and a 83.17 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. 
 
     
     
       12. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 ,
 wherein the visible light sensor is a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and wherein the visible light lens group in combination with the front lens group provides a 2.0 mm effective focal length, an F/number of F/2.0, and a 118.9 degree FOV at the visible light sensor; and 
 wherein the NIR light sensor is a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR light sensor, and wherein the NIR light lens group in combination with the front lens group provides a 1.95 mm effective focal length, an F/number of F/1.8, and a 101 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. 
 
     
     
       13. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the beam splitter directs visible light towards the visible light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group, and directs NIR light towards the NIR light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group. 
     
     
       14. The optical system as recited in  claim 13 , wherein the NIR light lens group is positioned at 180 degrees from the visible light lens group or at 90 degrees from the visible light lens group. 
     
     
       15. The optical system as recited in  claim 1 , further comprising a MR light source that is configured to emit NIR light through the front lens group towards the object field, wherein a portion of the NIR light emitted by the NIR light source is reflected from the object field to the front lens group of the optical system. 
     
     
       16. A method, comprising:
 receiving, at a front lens group of an optical system, visible and near-infrared (NIR) light from an object field, the front lens group comprising one or more refractive lens elements; 
 refracting, by the front lens group, the visible and the NIR light to a beam splitter; 
 splitting, by the beam splitter, the visible light and the NIR light to a visible light lens group and a NIR light lens group respectively, wherein the visible light lens group comprises one or more refractive lens elements and the near-infrared (NIR) lens group comprises one or more refractive lens elements; 
 refracting, by the visible light lens group, the visible light to form a visible light image at a visible light sensor; and 
 refracting, by the NIR light lens group, the NIR light to form a NIR light image at a NIR light sensor; 
 wherein a field of view (FOV) of the visible light image formed by the visible light lens group at the visible light sensor is different than a FOV of the NIR light image formed by the NIR light lens group at the NIR light sensor. 
 
     
     
       17. The method as recited in  claim 16 , wherein F/number of the visible light lens group is different than F/number of the NIR light lens group. 
     
     
       18. The method as recited in  claim 16 , wherein the beam splitter comprises two prisms formed as a single unit, where a first prism has a surface that reflects NIR light and passes visible light, and wherein a second prism has a surface that reflects visible light and passes NIR light. 
     
     
       19. The method as recited in  claim 16 , wherein the front lens group comprises two refractive lenses with negative refractive power, and wherein the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group each includes, from an object side of the lens group to an image side of the lens group:
 a first refractive lens element with a positive refractive power; 
 an aperture stop; 
 a second refractive lens element with a negative refractive power; 
 a third refractive lens element with a positive refractive power; and 
 a fourth refractive lens element with a negative refractive power. 
 
     
     
       20. The method as recited in  claim 16 , wherein the refractive lens elements in the visible light lens group are different than the corresponding refractive lens elements in the NIR light lens group. 
     
     
       21. The method as recited in  claim 16 , wherein the refractive lens elements in the visible light lens group are the same as the corresponding refractive lens elements in the NIR light lens group. 
     
     
       22. The method as recited in  claim 16 , wherein at least one lens element in the visible light lens group is the same as its corresponding lens element in the NIR light lens group, and at least one other lens element in the visible light lens group is different than its corresponding lens element in the NIR light lens group. 
     
     
       23. The method as recited in  claim 16 ,
 wherein the visible light sensor is a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and wherein the visible light lens group in combination with the front lens group provides a 1.96 mm effective focal length, an F/number of F/2.0, and a 120 degree FOV at the visible light sensor; and 
 wherein the NIR light sensor is a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR light sensor, and wherein the NIR light lens group in combination with the front lens group provides a 2.42 mm effective focal length, an F/number of F/1.8, and a 83.17 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. 
 
     
     
       24. The method as recited in  claim 16 ,
 wherein the visible light sensor is a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and wherein the visible light lens group in combination with the front lens group provides a 2.0 mm effective focal length, an F/number of F/2.0, and a 118.9 degree FOV at the visible light sensor; and 
 wherein the NIR light sensor is a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR light sensor, and wherein the NIR light lens group in combination with the front lens group provides a 1.95 mm effective focal length, an F/number of F/1.8, and a 101 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. 
 
     
     
       25. A system comprising;
 one or more processors; 
 a memory comprising program instructions; and 
 one or more cameras, wherein at least one of the cameras includes an optical system that is configured to:
 receive visible and near-infrared (NIR) light from an object field at a front lens group that is configured to refract the visible and NIR light to a beam splitter; 
 wherein the beam splitter is configured to direct the visible light to a visible light lens group and directs the NIR light to a NIR light lens group; 
 wherein the visible light lens group is configured to refract the visible light to form a visible light image at a visible light sensor; and 
 wherein the NIR light lens group is configured to refract the NIR light to form a NIR light image at a NIR light sensor; 
 
 wherein a field of view (FOV) of the visible light image formed by the visible light lens group at the visible light sensor is different than a FOV of the NIR light image formed by the NIR light lens group at the NIR light sensor; and 
 wherein the program instructions are executable by the one or more processors to:
 obtain visible light images captured by the visible light sensor and the NIR light images captured by the NIR light sensor; and 
 process the visible light images and the NIR light images to generate information about the object field, wherein the information includes depth information for the object field obtained from the NIR light images.

Description:
PRIORITY INFORMATION 
     This application claims benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/564,948 entitled “OPTICAL SYSTEM” filed Sep. 28, 2017, the content of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The advent of small, mobile multipurpose devices such as smartphones and tablet or pad devices has resulted in a need for high-resolution, small form factor cameras for integration in the devices. Achieving higher resolution with small package size cameras generally requires use of a photosensor with small pixel size and a good, compact imaging lens system. Advances in technology have achieved reduction of the pixel size in photosensors. However, as photosensors become more compact and powerful, demand for compact imaging lens system with improved imaging quality performance has increased. 
     SUMMARY 
     Embodiments of a compact, small form factor optical system for cameras that provides multiple optical paths to capture images of an object field in different portions of the light spectrum. The optical system includes a front lens group that captures visible and near-infrared (NIR) light from an object field and refracts the light to an element that splits the visible light and the NIR light onto two paths, referred to herein as a beam splitter. On the visible light path, a visible light lens group refracts the visible light to form an image of the object field at a visible light sensor. On the NIR light path, a NIR light lens group refracts the NIR light to form an image of the object field at an NIR light sensor. The optical system thus provides images of the object field at two sensor planes, one image in the visible region of the spectrum and the other image in the NIR region of the spectrum. 
     In an example embodiment, the beam splitter may include two prisms that are formed as one unit; one of the prisms includes a surface that reflects visible light and passes NIR light, while the other prism includes a surface that reflects NIR light and passes visible light. The prisms may be arranged so that visible light is reflected towards the visible light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group, and NIR light is reflected towards the NIR light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group. Viewed from above, the NIR light lens group may be positioned at 180 degrees from the visible light lens group. However, the configuration of the beam splitter can be varied to provide different configurations and orientations for the lens groups depending on packaging and other requirements. 
     In some embodiments, while the two light paths share the same front lens group, the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group may be configured to provide different fields of view (FOVs) at the respective sensors. In some embodiments, the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group may provide different F/numbers. In some embodiments, the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group may provide different effective focal lengths (EFLs). 
     In some embodiments, an NIR light source may be used with the optical system to illuminate the object field. The NIR light source may be located within the camera so that the NIR light is emitted through the front lens group of the optical system to the object field, or alternatively may be located external to the camera. A portion of the NIR light that is reflected from the object field is captured by the front lens group of the optical system, redirected to the NIR light path by the beam splitter, and captured by the NIR light sensor as an NIR light image of the object field. A visible light image of the object field is also captured via the visible light path and visible light sensor. The NIR light path may thus serve as a range finding/depth sensing system for the object field, while the visible light path captures visible light images of the object field. 
     In some embodiments, the optical system may be configured to capture NIR light in the 930-950 nm band. However, embodiments may be configured to capture a different or broader IR or NIR band, for example 780-1140 nm. More generally, the optical system may be configured to capture various different portions of the spectrum on the two light paths. 
     The visible light and NIR light images captured using embodiments of the optical system can be used in a number of applications, for example applications that analyze the visible light image to locate objects in the object field and the NIR light image to provide depth information for the located objects. 
     In an example embodiment, the visible light path may use a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and the visible light lens group in combination with the front lens group may provide 1.96 mm EFL, F/2.0, with a 120 degree FOV at the visible light sensor, while the NIR light path may use a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR sensor, and the NIR light lens group in combination with the front lens group may provide 2.42 mm EFL, F/1.8, with an 83.17 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. 
     In another example embodiment, the visible light path may use a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and the visible light lens group in combination with the front lens group may provide 2.0 mm EFL, F/2.0, with a 118.9 degree FOV at the visible light sensor, while the NIR light path may use a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR sensor, and the NIR light lens group in combination with the front lens group may provide 1.95 mm EFL, F/1.8, with a 101 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. 
     In various embodiments, sensor sizes, lens parameters, lens spacings, apertures, and other parameters of the visible and NIR lens groups may be varied to provide different characteristics (e.g., EFL, FOV, F/number, etc.) on one or both of the light paths according to the design requirements for particular applications. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a three-dimensional illustration of an example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  is a two-dimensional illustration of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3A  illustrates the visible light path of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3B  illustrates the near-infrared (NIR) light path of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 4A and 4B  are graphs of the modulation transfer function (MTF) vs. spatial frequency for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 5A and 5B  are graphs of the MTF vs. image field for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  are graphs of through-focus MTF at Nyquist frequency  4  (Ny/4) for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 7A and 7B  are graphs of through-focus MTF at Ny/2 for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 8A and 8B  are graphs of longitudinal spherical aberration (LSA), astigmatic field curves (AST), and distortion (DST) for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 9A and 9B  are graphs of relative illumination for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  are graphs of the chief ray angle (CRA) for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 11A and 11B  are graphs of (Ray Trace Image Height-fθ Image Height) versus Field Angle for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 12A and 12B  are graphs of % Error versus Field Angle for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 13A and 13B  are graphs of % Local Error versus Field Angle for the visible and NIR light paths of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 14A and 14B  illustrate components of an optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B  with an NIR light source, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 14C and 14D  illustrate different configurations for the lens groups of an optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 15  illustrates an example alternative arrangement of components of an optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 16  illustrates another example alternative arrangement of components of an optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 17  illustrates an example system or device that includes a camera that implements an optical system as described herein to capture visible and NIR images for processing, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 18  is a high-level flowchart of a method for capturing visible and NIR images using an optical system as described herein, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 19A and 19B  illustrate a first example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 19C  illustrates a beam splitter used in the optical system of  FIGS. 19A and 19B , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 19D and 19E  illustrate a second example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG. 19F  illustrates a beam splitter used in the optical system of  FIGS. 19C and 19D , according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 19G and 19H  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system of the first and second example optical systems, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 20A and 20B  illustrate a third example optical system that includes a second beam splitter on the NIR path, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 20C and 20D  illustrate a fourth example optical system that includes a second beam splitter on the NIR path, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 20E and 20F  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system of the third and fourth example optical systems, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 21A and 21B  illustrate a fifth example optical system that includes a second beam splitter on the NIR path, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 21C and 21D  illustrate a sixth example optical system that includes a second beam splitter on the NIR path, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 21E and 21F  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system of the fifth and sixth example optical systems, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 22A and 22B  illustrate a seventh example optical system that includes a folding mirror on the NIR path, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 22C and 22D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system of the seventh example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 23A and 23B  illustrate an eighth example optical system that includes a folding mirror on the NIR path, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 23C and 23D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system of the eighth example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 24A through 24D  illustrate a ninth example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 25A through 25D  illustrate a tenth example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 26A through 26D  illustrate an eleventh example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 27A through 27D  illustrate an eleventh example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 28A through 28D  illustrate a twelfth example optical system, according to some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     This specification includes references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment.” The appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure. 
     “Comprising.” This term is open-ended. As used in the claims, this term does not foreclose additional structure or steps. Consider a claim that recites: “An apparatus comprising one or more processor units . . . .” Such a claim does not foreclose the apparatus from including additional components (e.g., a network interface unit, graphics circuitry, etc.). 
     “Configured To.” Various units, circuits, or other components may be described or claimed as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is used to connote structure by indicating that the units/circuits/components include structure (e.g., circuitry) that performs those task or tasks during operation. As such, the unit/circuit/component can be said to be configured to perform the task even when the specified unit/circuit/component is not currently operational (e.g., is not on). The units/circuits/components used with the “configured to” language include hardware—for example, circuits, memory storing program instructions executable to implement the operation, etc. Reciting that a unit/circuit/component is “configured to” perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph (f), for that unit/circuit/component. Additionally, “configured to” can include generic structure (e.g., generic circuitry) that is manipulated by software or firmware (e.g., an FPGA or a general-purpose processor executing software) to operate in manner that is capable of performing the task(s) at issue. “Configure to” may also include adapting a manufacturing process (e.g., a semiconductor fabrication facility) to fabricate devices (e.g., integrated circuits) that are adapted to implement or perform one or more tasks. 
     “First,” “Second,” etc. As used herein, these terms are used as labels for nouns that they precede, and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.). For example, a buffer circuit may be described herein as performing write operations for “first” and “second” values. The terms “first” and “second” do not necessarily imply that the first value must be written before the second value. 
     “Based On” or “Dependent On.” As used herein, these terms are used to describe one or more factors that affect a determination. These terms do not foreclose additional factors that may affect a determination. That is, a determination may be solely based on those factors or based, at least in part, on those factors. Consider the phrase “determine A based on B.” While in this case, B is a factor that affects the determination of A, such a phrase does not foreclose the determination of A from also being based on C. In other instances, A may be determined based solely on B. 
     “Or.” When used in the claims, the term “or” is used as an inclusive or and not as an exclusive or. For example, the phrase “at least one of x, y, or z” means any one of x, y, and z, as well as any combination thereof. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Embodiments of a compact, small form factor optical system for cameras that provides multiple optical paths to capture images of an object field in different portions of the light spectrum. The optical system includes a front lens group that captures visible and near-infrared (NIR) light from an object field and refracts the light to an element that splits the visible light and the NIR light onto two paths, referred to herein as a beam splitter. On the visible light path, a visible light lens group refracts the visible light to form an image of the object field at a visible light sensor. On the NIR light path, a NIR light lens group refracts the NIR light to form an image of the object field at an NIR light sensor. The optical system thus provides images of the object field at two sensor planes, one image in the visible region of the spectrum and the other image in the NIR region of the spectrum. 
     In some embodiments, the front lens group may include two negative refractive lens elements configured to capture a wide field of view (FOV). However, in some embodiments, more or fewer lenses may be used in the front lens group, and different combinations of lenses (e.g., one negative and one positive lens) may be used. In some embodiments, the lenses in the front lens group may be composed of the same plastic material with similar optical characteristics. However, in some embodiments, the lenses may be composed of plastic materials with different optical characteristics, or of other materials (e.g., glass). 
     Various configurations for splitting light received through the front lens group into the multi-spectral optical paths can be implemented depending on packaging and other requirements. In some embodiments, the beam splitter may include two prisms that are formed as one unit; one of the prisms includes a surface that reflects visible light and passes NIR light, while the other prism includes a surface that reflects NIR light and passes visible light. In some embodiments, the prisms may be arranged so that visible light is reflected towards the visible light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group, and NIR light is reflected towards the NIR light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group. In some embodiments, viewed from above, the NIR light lens group may be positioned at 180 degrees from the visible light lens group. However, depending on packaging requirements, the beam splitter may be configured so that the two lens groups are positioned differently, for example at an angle of 90 degrees when viewed from above. 
     In some embodiments, the beam splitter may include a single prism that includes a surface that reflects visible light towards the visible light lens group and passes NIR light to the NIR light lens group, or alternatively that reflects NIR light towards the NIR light lens group and passes visible light to the visible lens group. In some embodiments, the beam splitter may include a prism that includes a surface that reflects light received from the front lens group towards a second prism that reflects visible light towards the visible light lens group and passes NIR light to the NIR light lens group, or alternatively that reflects NIR light towards the NIR light lens group and passes visible light to the visible lens group. 
     In some embodiments, the beam splitter may include one or more glass prisms. However, other materials than glass may be used. In addition, other types of beam splitting technology than prisms may be used in some embodiments, for example mirrors, gratings, etc. 
     The visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group may each include at least one refractive lens element. In an example embodiment, the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group both include four refractive lens elements. In some embodiments, the lens elements in the two lens groups are composed of the same plastic material. In some embodiments, all of the lens elements in the visible light lens group have different design parameters and optical characteristics than the corresponding lens elements in the NIR light lens group. In some embodiments, the lens elements in the visible light lens group all have the same design parameters and optical characteristics as the corresponding lens elements in the NIR light lens group. In some embodiments, at least one lens element in the visible light lens group has the same design parameters as its corresponding lens element in the NIR light lens group, and at least one other lens element in the visible light lens group has different design parameters than its corresponding lens element in the NIR light lens group. For example, in an example embodiment with four lens elements in each of the visible light and NIR light lens groups, the first (object side) lens elements in both lens groups are the same, the last (image side) lens elements in both lens group are the same, while the second and third lens elements are different in the two lens groups. In any of the examples, spacing between the lens elements in the two lens groups may be the same, or may be different, depending on the design parameters for a particular application. 
     In some embodiments, the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group both include an aperture stop. For example, in an example embodiment, the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group both include four refractive lens elements, and both include an aperture stop between the first lens element and the second lens element from the object side. Alternatively, the aperture stops may be located between the beam splitter and the first lens element. The aperture stops may differ in diameter and/or location in the two lens groups, for example to provide different F/numbers for the two lens groups, or may be the same. 
     In some embodiments, one or both of the visible light lens group and the NIR light lens group include a filter, for example located between the last (image side) lens element and the respective sensor. The filter may, for example, filter out light that is outside the desired portion of the spectrum of the respective sensor. 
     In some embodiments, an NIR light source may be used with the optical system to illuminate the object field; a portion of the NIR light that is reflected from the object field is captured by front lens group of the optical system, redirected to the NIR light path by the beam splitter, and captured by the NIR light sensor as an NIR light image of the object field. A visible light image of the object field is also captured via the visible light path and visible light sensor. The NIR light path may thus serve as a range finding/depth sensing system for the object field, while the visible light path captures visible light images of the object field. The NIR light source may be located within the camera so that the NIR light is emitted through the front lens group of the optical system to the object field, or alternatively may be located external to the camera. In some embodiments, a visible light source may instead or also be included to illuminate the object field; a portion of the visible light that is reflected from the object field is captured by front lens group of the optical system, redirected to the visible light path by the beam splitter, and captured by the visible light sensor as a visible light image of the object field. 
     In some embodiments, the optical system may be configured to capture NIR light in the 930-950 nm band. However, embodiments may be configured to capture a broader IR or NIR band, for example 780-1140 nm. 
     The visible light and NIR light images captured using embodiments of the optical system can be used in a number of applications, for example applications that analyze the visible light image to locate objects in the object field and the NIR light image to provide depth information for the located objects. 
     Example Embodiments 
       FIG. 1  is a three-dimensional illustration of an example optical system, according to some embodiments. The optical system may include a front lens group  100 , a beam splitter  110 , a visible light lens group  120 , and an NIR light lens group  140 . The front lens group  100  captures visible and NIR light from an object field and refracts the light to beam splitter  110  that splits the visible light and the NIR light onto two paths, a visible light path and an NIR light path. On the visible light path, visible light lens group  120  refracts the visible light to form an image  150 A of the object field at a visible light sensor. On the NIR light path, NIR light lens group  140  refracts the NIR light to form an image  150 B of the object field at an NIR light sensor. The optical system thus provides images of the object field at two sensor planes, one image in the visible region of the spectrum and the other image in the NIR region of the spectrum. 
     In some embodiments, the front lens group  100  may include two negative refractive lens elements  101  and  102  configured to capture a wide field of view (FOV). However, in some embodiments, more or fewer lenses may be used in the front lens group  100 , and different combinations of lenses (e.g., one negative and one positive lens) may be used. In some embodiments, lens elements  101  and  102  may be composed of the same plastic material with similar optical characteristics. However, in some embodiments, lens elements  101  and  102  may be composed of plastic materials with different optical characteristics, or of other materials (e.g., glass). 
     In this example embodiment, the beam splitter  110  may include two prisms that are formed as one unit; one of the prisms includes a surface (a) that reflects visible light and passes NIR light, while the other prism includes a surface (b) that reflects NIR light and passes visible light. The prisms may be arranged so that visible light is reflected towards the visible light lens group  120  at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group  100 , and NIR light is reflected towards the NIR light lens group  140  at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group  100 . Viewed from above, the NIR light lens group  140  is positioned at 180 degrees from the visible light lens group  120 . However, depending on packaging requirements, the beam splitter  110  may be configured so that the two lens groups  120  and  140  are positioned differently, for example at an angle of 90 degrees when viewed from above. 
     In this example embodiment, the visible light lens group  120  includes four refractive lens elements  103 A,  104 A,  105 A, and  106 A, and the NIR light lens group  140  includes four refractive lens elements  103 B,  104 B,  105 B, and  106 B. In some embodiments, the lens elements in the two lens groups are composed of the same plastic material. In some embodiments, all of the lens elements in the visible light lens group  120  have different design parameters and optical characteristics than the corresponding lens elements in the NIR light lens group  140 . In some embodiments, the lens elements in the visible light lens group  120  all have the same design parameters and optical characteristics as the corresponding lens elements in the NIR light lens group  140 . In some embodiments, at least one lens element in the visible light lens group  120  has the same design parameters as its corresponding lens element in the NIR light lens group  140 , and at least one other lens element in the visible light lens group  120  has different design parameters than its corresponding lens element in the NIR light lens group  140 . For example, in an example embodiment, lens elements  103 A and  103 B are the same and lens elements  106 A and  106 B are the same, while lens elements  104 A and  104 B are different and lens elements  105 A and  105 B are different. In any of the examples, spacing between the lens elements in the two lens groups  120  and  140  may be the same, or may be different, depending on the design parameters for a particular application. 
     In some embodiments, the visible light lens group  120  includes an aperture stop  120 A located between lens elements  103 A and  104 A, and the NIR light lens group  140  includes an aperture stop  120 B located between lens elements  103 B and  104 B. However, the aperture stops may be located at other positions in their respective lens groups. The aperture stops may differ in diameter, for example to provide different F/numbers for the two lens groups, or may be the same. 
     In some embodiments, a filter  130 A is located between lens element  106 A and the visible light sensor on the visible light path, and a filter  130 B is located between lens element  106 B and the NIR light sensor on the NIR light path. The filters may, for example, filter out light that is outside the desired portion of the spectrum of the respective sensor. 
     In some embodiments, while the two light paths share the same front lens group  100 , the visible light lens group  120  and the NIR light lens group  140  may provide different fields of view (FOVs) at the respective sensors. In some embodiments, the visible light lens group  120  and the NIR light lens group  140  may provide different F/numbers. In some embodiments, the visible light lens group  120  and the NIR light lens group  140  may provide different effective focal lengths (EFLs). In various embodiments, sensor sizes, lens parameters, lens spacings, apertures, and other parameters of the visible  120  and NIR  140  lens groups may be varied to provide different characteristics (e.g., EFL, FOV, F/number, etc.) on one or both of the light paths according to the design requirements for particular applications. 
       FIG. 2  is a two-dimensional illustration of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , according to some embodiments.  FIG. 2  shows example shapes and refractive characteristics of the lens elements in the three lens groups. In this example, lens elements  101  and  102  have negative refractive power. On the visible light path, lens element  103 A has positive refractive power, lens element  104 A has negative refractive power, lens element  105 A has positive refractive power, and lens element  106 A has negative refractive power. On the NIR light path, lens element  103 B has positive refractive power, lens element  104 B has negative refractive power, lens element  105 B has positive refractive power, and lens element  106 B has negative refractive power. At least some of the lens elements may have at least one aspheric surface. 
     In an example embodiment, the visible light path may use a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and the visible light lens group  120  in combination with the front lens group  100  may provide 1.96 mm EFL, F/2.0, with a 120 degree FOV at the visible light sensor, while the NIR light path may use a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR sensor, and the NIR light lens group  140  in combination with the front lens group  100  may provide 2.42 mm EFL, F/1.8, with an 83.17 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. In this embodiment, the lens elements in the two lens groups may be composed of the same plastic material; however all of the lens elements in the visible light lens group  120  have different design parameters, spacings, and optical characteristics than the corresponding lens elements in the NIR light lens group  140 . 
     In another example embodiment, the visible light path may use a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and the visible light lens group  120  in combination with the front lens group  100  may provide 2.0 mm EFL, F/2.0, with a 118.9 degree FOV at the visible light sensor, while the NIR light path may use a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR sensor, and the NIR light lens group  140  in combination with the front lens group  100  may provide 1.95 mm EFL, F/1.8, with a 101 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. In this embodiment, the lens elements in the two lens groups may be composed of the same plastic material. In this embodiment, lens elements  103 A and  103 B are the same and lens elements  106 A and  106 B are the same, while lens elements  104 A and  104 B are different and lens elements  105 A and  105 B are different. Spacing of the lens elements in MR light lens group  140  may be the same as spacing of the lens elements in the visible light lens group  120 . 
     In the example configuration of an optical system shown in  FIG. 2 , the optical system may have a Z-axis height of approximately 12 mm, while the Y-axis dimension may be approximately 18 mm. However, sizes and configurations of the various elements of the optical system may be varied to provide different dimensions on one or more axes according to packaging and other requirements. 
       FIG. 3A  illustrates the visible light path of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , according to some embodiments. Visible light is received at lens element  101  and refracted to lens element  102 . Lens element  102  refracts the visible light to beam splitter  110 . Surface (a) of beam splitter  110  reflects the visible light to the visible light lens group  120 . Lens element  103 A refracts the visible light through aperture  120 A to lens element  104 A. Lens element  104 A refracts the visible light to lens element  105 A. Lens element  105 A refracts the visible light through filter  130 A to form an image  150 A at a surface of visible light sensor  160 . 
       FIG. 3B  illustrates the near-infrared (NIR) light path of an example optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , according to some embodiments. NIR light is received at lens element  101  and refracted to lens element  102 . Lens element  102  refracts the NIR light to beam splitter  110 . Surface (b) of beam splitter  110  reflects the NIR light to the NIR light lens group  140 . Lens element  103 B refracts the NIR light through aperture  120 B to lens element  104 B. Lens element  104 B refracts the NIR light to lens element  105 B. Lens element  105 B refracts the NIR light through filter  130 B to form an image  150 B at a surface of NIR light sensor  170 . 
       FIGS. 4A through 13B  show various performance characteristics of the example embodiment previously described in reference to  FIGS. 1 through 3B  in which the visible light path used a 4.4 mm diagonal visible light sensor, and the visible light lens group  120  in combination with the front lens group  100  provides 1.96 mm EFL, F/2.0, with a 120 degree FOV at the visible light sensor, while the NIR light path uses a 3.6 mm diagonal NIR sensor, and the NIR light lens group  140  in combination with the front lens group  100  provides 2.42 mm EFL, F/1.8, with an 83.17 degree FOV at the NIR light sensor. In this embodiment, the lens elements in the two lens groups may be composed of the same plastic material; however all of the lens elements in the visible light lens group  120  have different design parameters, spacings, and optical characteristics than the corresponding lens elements in the NIR light lens group  140 .  FIGS. 4A and 4B  are graphs of the modulation transfer function (MTF) vs. spatial frequency for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 5A and 5B  are graphs of the MTF vs. image field for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 6A and 6B  are graphs of through-focus MTF at Nyquist frequency  4  (Ny/4) for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 7A and 7B  are graphs of through-focus MTF at Ny/2 for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 8A and 8B  are graphs of longitudinal spherical aberration (LSA), astigmatic field curves (AST), and distortion (DST) for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 9A and 9B  are graphs of relative illumination for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 10A and 10B  are graphs of the chief ray angle (CRA) for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 11A and 11B  are graphs of (Ray Trace Image Height-fθ Image Height) versus Field Angle for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 12A and 12B  are graphs of % Error versus Field Angle for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system.  FIGS. 13A and 13B  are graphs of % Local Error versus Field Angle for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system. 
     Tables 1A and 1B are tables of visible distortion—scan linearity for the visible and NIR light paths of the example optical system. In Tables 1A and 1B: 
     A is fraction of angle in object space 
     B is chief ray angle 
     C is Ray trace image height 
     D is f-theta=(calibrated FL)*(B*p/180) 
     E i =100*[(C i /D i )−1] 
     F i =100*{[C i −C i −1)]/[(D i −D i −1)]−1} 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/2.0 Visible Light Path Distortion - Scan Linearity 
               
               
                 Calibrated Focal Length = 2.0431 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Relative 
                   
                   
                 Reference 
                   
                 Local  
               
               
                 field 
                 Angle 
                 Image 
                 image 
                 Error 
                 error 
               
               
                 height 
                 (degrees) 
                 height 
                 height 
                 (percent) 
                 (percent) 
               
               
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
                 E 
                 F 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0.00 
                  0.0000 
                 0.000000 
                 0.000000 
                 0.0000 
                 −4.1027 
               
               
                 0.05 
                  3.0000 
                 0.102606 
                 0.106978 
                 −4.0872 
                 −4.0872 
               
               
                 0.10 
                  6.0000 
                 0.205311 
                 0.213956 
                 −4.0408 
                 −3.9945 
               
               
                 0.15 
                  9.0000 
                 0.308213 
                 0.320934 
                 −3.9639 
                 −3.8100 
               
               
                 0.20 
                 12.0000 
                 0.411409 
                 0.427912 
                 −3.8568 
                 −3.5356 
               
               
                 0.25 
                 15.0000 
                 0.514992 
                 0.534890 
                 −3.7201 
                 −3.1734 
               
               
                 0.30 
                 18.0000 
                 0.619054 
                 0.641869 
                 −3.5544 
                 −2.7255 
               
               
                 0.35 
                 21.0000 
                 0.723687 
                 0.748847 
                 −3.3598 
                 −2.1926 
               
               
                 0.40 
                 24.0000 
                 0.828982 
                 0.855825 
                 −3.1365 
                 −1.5734 
               
               
                 0.45 
                 27.0000 
                 0.935036 
                 0.962803 
                 −2.8839 
                 −0.8632 
               
               
                 0.50 
                 30.0000 
                 1.041958 
                 1.069781 
                 −2.6008 
                 −0.0527 
               
               
                 0.55 
                 33.0000 
                 1.149870 
                 1.176759 
                 −2.2850 
                 0.8732 
               
               
                 0.60 
                 36.0000 
                 1.258919 
                 1.283737 
                 −1.9333 
                 1.9353 
               
               
                 0.65 
                 39.0000 
                 1.369278 
                 1.390715 
                 −1.5415 
                 3.1606 
               
               
                 0.70 
                 42.0000 
                 1.481155 
                 1.497693 
                 −1.1043 
                 4.5792 
               
               
                 0.75 
                 45.0000 
                 1.594790 
                 1.604671 
                 −0.6158 
                 6.2225 
               
               
                 0.80 
                 48.0000 
                 1.710453 
                 1.711649 
                 −0.0699 
                 8.1191 
               
               
                 0.85 
                 51.0000 
                 1.828441 
                 1.818628 
                 0.5396 
                 10.2911 
               
               
                 0.90 
                 54.0000 
                 1.949064 
                 1.925606 
                 1.2183 
                 12.7557 
               
               
                 0.95 
                 57.0000 
                 2.072665 
                 2.032584 
                 1.9719 
                 15.5383 
               
               
                 1.00 
                 60.0000 
                 2.199651 
                 2.139562 
                 2.8085 
                 18.7028 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/2.0 NIR Path Distortion - Scan Linearity 
               
               
                 Calibrated Focal Length = 2.4538 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Relative 
                   
                   
                 Reference 
                   
                 Local  
               
               
                 field  
                 Angle 
                 Image 
                 image 
                 Error 
                 error 
               
               
                 height 
                 (degrees) 
                 height 
                 height 
                 (percent) 
                 (percent) 
               
               
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
                 E 
                 F 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0.00 
                  0.0000 
                 0.000000 
                 0.000000 
                 0.0000 
                 −1.6289 
               
               
                 0.05 
                  2.0500 
                 0.086370 
                 0.087794 
                 −1.6228 
                 −1.6228 
               
               
                 0.10 
                  4.1000 
                 0.172772 
                 0.175589 
                 −1.6043 
                 −1.5859 
               
               
                 0.15 
                  6.1500 
                 0.259239 
                 0.263383 
                 −1.5735 
                 −1.5120 
               
               
                 0.20 
                  8.2000 
                 0.345804 
                 0.351178 
                 −1.5303 
                 −1.4006 
               
               
                 0.25 
                 10.2500 
                 0.432500 
                 0.438972 
                 −1.4745 
                 −1.2514 
               
               
                 0.30 
                 12.3000 
                 0.519360 
                 0.526767 
                 −1.4060 
                 −1.0637 
               
               
                 0.35 
                 14.3500 
                 0.606420 
                 0.614561 
                 −1.3247 
                 −0.8368 
               
               
                 0.40 
                 16.4000 
                 0.693714 
                 0.702356 
                 −1.2303 
                 −0.5697 
               
               
                 0.45 
                 18.4500 
                 0.781279 
                 0.790150 
                 −1.1227 
                 −0.2617 
               
               
                 0.50 
                 20.5000 
                 0.869151 
                 0.877945 
                 −1.0016 
                 0.0882 
               
               
                 0.55 
                 22.5500 
                 0.957368 
                 0.965739 
                 −0.8669 
                 0.4808 
               
               
                 0.60 
                 24.6000 
                 1.045967 
                 1.053534 
                 −0.7182 
                 0.9171 
               
               
                 0.65 
                 26.6500 
                 1.134989 
                 1.141328 
                 −0.5554 
                 1.3978 
               
               
                 0.70 
                 28.7000 
                 1.224472 
                 1.229123 
                 −0.3783 
                 1.9237 
               
               
                 0.75 
                 30.7500 
                 1.314457 
                 1.316917 
                 −0.1868 
                 2.4949 
               
               
                 0.80 
                 32.8000 
                 1.404984 
                 1.404712 
                 0.0194 
                 3.1119 
               
               
                 0.85 
                 34.8500 
                 1.496092 
                 1.492506 
                 0.2402 
                 3.7743 
               
               
                 0.90 
                 36.9000 
                 1.587821 
                 1.580301 
                 0.4759 
                 4.4820 
               
               
                 0.95 
                 38.9500 
                 1.680210 
                 1.668095 
                 0.7263 
                 5.2331 
               
               
                 1.00 
                 41.0000 
                 1.773296 
                 1.755890 
                 0.9913 
                 6.0268 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIGS. 14A and 14B  illustrate components of an optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B  with an NIR light source, according to some embodiments.  FIG. 14A  shows an example where an NIR light source  1590  (e.g., one or more NIR-emitting lasers or LEDs) is positioned outside the optical system. The NIR light source  1590  emits NIR light towards an object field; a portion of the NIR light is reflected to the optical system, captured by the front lens group  1500 , refracted to the beam splitter  1510 , and reflected to the NIR lens group  1540  which refracts the light to the NIR light sensor  1550 . Visible light from the object field is captured by the front lens group  1500 , refracted to the beam splitter  1510 , and reflected to the visible light lens group  1520  which refracts the light to the visible light sensor  1530 .  FIG. 14B  shows an example where an NIR light source  1590  (e.g., one or more NIR-emitting lasers or LEDs) is located inside the optical system. The NIR light source  1590  emits NIR light through the beam splitter  1510  and front lens group  1500  towards an object field; a portion of the NIR light is reflected to the optical system, captured by the front lens group  1500 , refracted to the beam splitter  1510 , and reflected to the NIR lens group  1540  which refracts the light to the NIR light sensor  1550 . Note that the location of the NIR light source  1590  in the optical system may be different; for example, the NIR light source  1590  may instead be located at or near the NIR light sensor  1550 , and the NIR light may be reflected off the beam splitter  1510  surface through the front lens group  1500  towards the object field. 
       FIGS. 14C and 14D  illustrate different configurations for the lens groups of an optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B , according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the beam splitter  1510  may be configured so that visible light is reflected towards the visible light lens group  1520  at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group, and NIR light is reflected towards the NIR light lens group  1540  at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group. As shown in  FIG. 14C , in some embodiments, viewed from above, the NIR light lens group  1540  may be positioned at 180 degrees from the visible light lens group  1520 . However, depending on packaging requirements, the beam splitter  1510  may be configured so that the two lens groups are positioned differently, for example at an angle of 90 degrees when viewed from above as shown in  FIG. 14D . 
       FIG. 15  illustrates an example alternative arrangement of components of an optical system, according to some embodiments. In this example, beam splitter  1610  may include a single prism that includes a surface that reflects visible light from the front lens group  1600  towards the visible light lens group  1620  and passes NIR light to the NIR light lens group  1640 , or alternatively that reflects NIR light towards the NIR light lens group  1640  and passes visible light to the visible lens group  1620 . 
       FIG. 16  illustrates another example alternative arrangement of components of an optical system, according to some embodiments. In this example, the beam splitter  1710  may include a prism (a) that includes a surface that reflects light from the front lens group  1700  towards a second prism (b) that reflects NIR light towards the NIR light lens group  1740  and passes visible light to the visible light lens group  1720 , or alternatively that reflects visible light towards the visible light lens group  1720  and passes NIR light to the NIR light lens group  1740 . 
       FIG. 17  illustrates an example system or device that includes a camera  1850  that implements an optical system as described herein to capture visible and NIR images for processing, according to some embodiments. A system or device  1860  may include at least one camera  1850  that implements an optical system as illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 3B . The system may also include one or more processors  1870  and a memory  1880  that stores code  1882  and data  1884  for processing images captured by the camera  1850 . The camera  1850  captures NIR and visible light images and passes the images to the processor(s) for processing. The visible light and NIR light images captured using embodiments of the optical system can be used in a number of applications, for example applications that analyze the visible light image to locate objects in the object field and the NIR light image to provide depth information for the located objects. 
       FIG. 18  is a high-level flowchart of a method for capturing visible and NIR images using a camera that includes an optical system as described herein, according to some embodiments. As indicated at  5000 , the front lens group refracts light from an object field to the beam splitter. As indicated at  5010 , the beam splitter reflects visible light to a visible light lens group on a visible light path and reflects NIR light to a NIR lens group on a NIR light path. On the visible light path, at  5020 , the visible light lens group refracts the visible light to a visible light sensor, and at  5030 , the visible light sensor captures the visible light to generate a visible light image. On the NIR light path, at  5040 , the NIR light lens group refracts the NIR light to a NIR light sensor, and at  5050 , the NIR light sensor captures the NIR light to generate a NIR light image. As indicated by the dashed arrows returning from elements  5030  and  5050  to element  5000 , in some embodiments, the camera may continue to capture visible and NIR light images at a frame rate, for example 30 or 60 frames per second. 
     The visible light and NIR light images may be passed to one or more software applications and/or hardware components for processing. The visible light and NIR light images captured using embodiments of the optical system can be used in a number of applications, for example applications that analyze the visible light image to locate objects in the object field and the NIR light image to provide depth information for the located objects. 
     Example Embodiments 
       FIGS. 19A through 28D  show several example embodiments of optical systems that provide multiple optical paths to capture images of an object field in different portions of the light spectrum. The optical systems include a front lens group that captures visible and near-infrared (NIR) light from an object field and refracts the light to a beam splitter that splits the visible light and the NIR light onto two paths. On the visible light path, a visible light lens group refracts the visible light to form an image of the object field at a visible light sensor. On the NIR light path, a NIR light lens group refracts the NIR light to form an image of the object field at an NIR light sensor. The front lens group, beam splitter, and visible light lens group may collectively be referred to as a visible imaging system. In some embodiments, an aperture stop may be located between the beam splitter and the visible light lens group. However, in some embodiments, the aperture stop may be located elsewhere in the visible light lens group, for example between a first (object side) lens element and a second lens element. The front lens group, beam splitter, and NIR light lens group may collectively be referred to as a NIR imaging system. In some embodiments, an aperture stop may be located between the beam splitter and the NIR light lens group. However, in some embodiments, the aperture stop may be located elsewhere in the NIR light lens group, for example between a first (object side) lens element and a second lens element. Tables 2A through 17B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging systems and the NIR light imaging systems shown in  FIGS. 19A through 28D , according to some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, for example, optical system  1900 A of  FIGS. 19A-19C , the beam splitter may be configured so that visible light is reflected towards the visible light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group, and NIR light is reflected towards the NIR light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group. Viewed from above, the NIR light lens group is positioned at 180 degrees from the visible light lens group. In other embodiments, for example, optical system  1900 B of  FIGS. 19D-19F , the beam splitter may be configured so that visible light passes through to the visible light lens group, and NIR light is reflected towards the NIR light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group. Viewed from above, the NIR light lens group is positioned at 90 degrees from the visible light lens group. However, note that other arrangements are possible. 
     In some embodiments, for example, optical systems  2000 A and  2000 B of  FIGS. 20A-20F  and optical systems  2100 A and  2100 B  FIGS. 21A-21F , a second beam splitter may be located on the NIR light path to split the NIR light onto two paths, with an NIR filter and light sensor on each path. These examples may, for example, be used to capture light at different ranges of wavelengths within the NIR range. 
     In some embodiments, for example, optical systems  2200 A and  2200 B of  FIGS. 22A-22D  and optical systems  2300 A and  2300 B of  FIGS. 23A-23D , a mirror may be located on the NIR light path between the NIR lens group and the NIR light sensor to redirect the NIR light from one axis to another axis. 
       FIGS. 19A and 19B  show a three-dimensional view and a two-dimensional view, respectively, of an example optical system  1900 A, according to some embodiments. As shown in  FIG. 19C , the beam splitter may be configured so that visible light is reflected towards the visible light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group, and NIR light is reflected towards the NIR light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group. Viewed from above, the NIR light lens group is positioned at 180 degrees from the visible light lens group. 
       FIG. 19C  shows the beam splitter used in optical system  1900 A, according to some embodiments. The beam splitter includes prisms  1910 A,  1910 B, and  1910 C that are formed as one unit. Prisms  1910 A and  1910 B as well as prisms  1910 A and  1910 C include a common surface that reflects/refracts or passes visible and NIR light. Prism  1910 B includes a surface that reflects visible light. Prism  1910 C includes a surface that reflects NIR light. 
       FIGS. 19D and 19E  show a three-dimensional view and a two-dimensional view of an example optical system  1900 B, according to some embodiments. As shown in  FIG. 19C , the beam splitter may be configured so that visible light passes through to the visible light lens group, and NIR light is reflected towards the NIR light lens group at a 90 degree angle from the optical axis of the front lens group. Viewed from above, the NIR light lens group is positioned at 90 degrees from the visible light lens group. 
       FIG. 19F  shows the beam splitter used in optical system  1900 B, according to some embodiments. The beam splitter includes two prisms  1900 D and  1900 E that are formed as one unit. Prisms  1900 D and  1900 E include a common surface that reflects the NIR light and passes the visible light. The optical coating on this common surface is commonly called a hot mirror coating. 
       FIGS. 19G and 19H  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  1900 A and  1900 B, according to some embodiments. Tables 2A-2B and 3A-3B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system and the NIR light imaging system shown in  FIGS. 19G and 19H , according to some embodiments. 
       FIGS. 20A and 20B  show a three-dimensional view and a two-dimensional view, respectively, of an example optical system  2000 A, according to some embodiments. A beam splitter (beam splitter 1) similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths.  FIGS. 20C and 20D  show a three-dimensional view and a two-dimensional view, respectively, of an example optical system  2000 B, according to some embodiments. A beam splitter (beam splitter 1) similar to that shown in  FIG. 19C  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. However, in optical systems  2000 A and  2000 B, a second beam splitter (beam splitter 2) similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be located on the NIR light path to split the NIR light onto two paths, with an NIR filter and light sensor on each path. Note that, in other similar embodiments, beam splitter 2 and the second NIR sensor (NIR 2) may be rotated so that NIR 2 is located at other positions than that shown. 
       FIGS. 20E and 20F  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2000 A and  2000 B, according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the F/2.0 visible imaging system shown in  FIG. 20E  may be identical in prescription to the visible imaging system shown in  FIG. 19G . The F/1.8 NIR system may be configured to capture NIR light in the 852-1014 nm band, and provides a beam splitter 2 and NIR filters to image the object field at two NIR sensors (NIR 1 and NIR 2). In some embodiments, the F/1.8 NIR system may be configured to position or locate the NIR light source within this system, for example at one of the NIR focal planes, so that NIR light is emitted through the front lens group of the dual VIS-NIR system to the object field. Tables 4A and 4B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR imaging system shown in  FIG. 20F , according to some embodiments. 
       FIGS. 21A and 21B  show a three-dimensional view and a two-dimensional view, respectively, of an example optical system  2100 A, according to some embodiments. A beam splitter (beam splitter 1) similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths.  FIGS. 21C and 21D  show a three-dimensional view and a two-dimensional view, respectively, of an example optical system  2100 B, according to some embodiments. A beam splitter (beam splitter 1) similar to that shown in  FIG. 19C  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. However, in optical systems  2100 A and  2100 B, a second beam splitter (beam splitter 2) similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be located on the NIR light path to split the NIR light onto two paths, with an NIR filter and light sensor on each path to capture the respective range of wavelengths. Note that, in other similar embodiments, beam splitter 2 and the second NIR sensor (NIR 2) may be rotated so that NIR 2 is located at other positions than that shown. 
       FIGS. 21E and 21F  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2100 A and  2100 B, according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the F/2.0 visible imaging system shown in  FIG. 21E  may be identical in prescription to the visible imaging system shown in  FIG. 19G . The F/1.8 NIR system may be configured to capture NIR light in the 930-950 nm band, and provides a beam splitter 2 and NIR filters to image the object field at two NIR sensors (NIR 1 and NIR 2). In some embodiments, the F/1.8 NIR system may be configured to position or locate the NIR light source within this system, for example. at one of the NIR focal planes, so that NIR light is emitted through the front lens group of the dual VIS-NIR system to the object field. Tables 5A and 5B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR imaging system shown in  FIG. 21F , according to some embodiments. 
       FIGS. 22A and 22B  show two-dimensional views of example optical systems  2200 A and  2200 B, respectively, according to some embodiments. In optical systems  2200 A and  2200 B, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. However, in optical systems  2200 A and  2200 B, a folding mirror may be located on the NIR light path to redirect the NIR light onto a different axis, with an NIR filter and light sensor on the axis to capture the NIR light. As shown in optical systems  2200 A and  2200 B, in different embodiments the folding mirror and the NIR sensor may be positioned differently. 
       FIGS. 22C and 22D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2200 A and  2200 B, according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the F/2.0 visible imaging system shown in  FIG. 22C  may be identical in prescription to the visible imaging system shown in  FIG. 19G . The F/1.8 NIR system may be configured to capture NIR light in the 1014-852 nm band and includes a folding mirror and NIR filter to image the object field at one NIR sensor. In some embodiments, the folding mirror may be replaced by a plate beam splitter if two NIR sensors are required to capture two NIR images in the 1014-852 nm spectral band. In some embodiments, the NIR system may be configured to position or locate the NIR light source within this system, for example at one of the NIR focal planes, so that NIR light is emitted through the front lens group of the dual VIS-NIR system to the object field. Tables 6A and 6B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR imaging system shown in  FIG. 22D , according to some embodiments. 
       FIGS. 23A and 23B  show two-dimensional views of example optical systems  2300 A and  2300 B, respectively, according to some embodiments. In optical systems  2300 A and  2300 B, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. However, in optical systems  2300 A and  2300 B, a folding mirror may be located on the NIR light path to redirect the NIR light onto a different axis, with an NIR filter and light sensor on the axis to capture the NIR light. As shown in optical systems  2300 A and  2300 B, in different embodiments the folding mirror and the NIR sensor may be positioned differently. 
       FIGS. 23C and 23D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2300 A and  2300 B, according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the F/2.0 visible imaging system shown in  FIG. 23C  may be identical in prescription to the visible imaging system shown in  FIG. 19G . The F/1.8 NIR system may be configured to capture NIR light in the 950-930 nm band and includes a folding mirror and NIR filter to image the object field at one NIR sensor. In some embodiments, the folding mirror may be replaced by a plate beam splitter if two NIR sensors are required to capture two NIR images in the 950-930 nm spectral band. In some embodiments, the NIR system may also be configured to position or locate the NIR light source within this system, for example. at one of the NIR focal plane, so that NIR light is emitted through the front lens group of the dual VIS-NIR system to the object field. Tables 7A and 7B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR imaging system shown in  FIG. 23D , according to some embodiments. 
       FIGS. 24A and 24B  show two-dimensional views of example optical systems  2400 A and  2400 B, respectively, according to some embodiments. In optical system  2400 A, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19C  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. In optical system  2400 B, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. 
       FIGS. 24C and 24D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2400 A and  2400 B, according to some embodiments. Tables 8A and 8B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system shown in  FIG. 24C , according to some embodiments. Tables 9A and 9B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system shown in  FIG. 24D , according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the visible system and NIR system have identical EFL (effective focal length) of 2.035 mm, focal ratios of F/1.80, and diagonal image field size of 3.6 mm. Both systems are well corrected for aberrations including distortion within the field of view. In some embodiments, the F/1.8 NIR system is configured to capture NIR light in the 1014-852 nm band. 
       FIGS. 25A and 25B  show two-dimensional views of example optical systems  2500 A and  2500 B, respectively, according to some embodiments. In optical system  2500 A, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19C  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. In optical system  2500 B, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. 
       FIGS. 25C and 25D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2500 A and  2500 B, according to some embodiments. Tables 10A and 10B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system shown in  FIG. 25C , according to some embodiments. Tables 11A and 11B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system shown in  FIG. 25D , according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the visible system and NIR system have identical EFL of 2.035 mm, focal ratios of F/1.80, and diagonal image field size of 3.6 mm. Both systems are well corrected for aberrations including distortion within the field of view. In some embodiments, the F/1.8 NIR system is configured to capture NIR light in the 1014-852 nm band. 
       FIGS. 26A and 26B  show two-dimensional views of example optical systems  2600 A and  2600 B, respectively, according to some embodiments. In optical system  2600 A, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19C  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. In optical system  2600 B, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. 
       FIGS. 26C and 26D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2600 A and  2600 B, according to some embodiments. Tables 12A and 12B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system shown in  FIG. 26C , according to some embodiments. Tables 13A and 13B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system shown in  FIG. 26D , according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the visible system and NIR system have identical EFL of 2.035 mm, focal ratios of F/1.80, and diagonal image field size of 3.6 mm. Both systems are well corrected for aberrations including distortion within the field of view. In some embodiments, the F/1.8 NIR system is configured to capture NIR light in the 1014-852 nm band. In some embodiments, a lens element L3 of the front lens group may be combined with a first prism element of the beam splitter using optical cement. In some embodiments, lens L3 and the beam splitter may be composed of the same optical glass or plastic material. 
       FIGS. 27A and 27B  show two-dimensional views of example optical systems  2700 A and  2700 B, respectively, according to some embodiments. In optical system  2700 A, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19C  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. In optical system  2700 B, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. 
       FIGS. 27C and 27D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2700 A and  2700 B, according to some embodiments. Tables 14A and 14B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system shown in  FIG. 27C , according to some embodiments. Tables 15A and 15B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system shown in  FIG. 27D , according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the visible system and NIR system have identical EFL of 2.035 mm, focal ratios of F/1.80, and diagonal image field size of 3.6 mm. Both systems are well corrected for aberrations including distortion within the field of view. In some embodiments, the F/1.8 NIR system is configured to capture NIR light in the 1014-852 nm band. In some embodiments, the beam splitter may have a curved or spherical curvature surface instead of a flat/plano surface on its first prism element. 
       FIGS. 28A and 28B  show two-dimensional views of example optical systems  2800 A and  2800 B, respectively, according to some embodiments. In optical system  2800 A, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19C  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. In optical system  2800 B, a beam splitter similar to that shown in  FIG. 19F  may be used to split the light onto visible and NIR paths. 
       FIGS. 28C and 28D  show the unfolded optical system layouts for the visible imaging system and the NIR imaging system, respectively, in optical systems  2800 A and  2800 B, according to some embodiments. Tables 16A and 16B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system shown in  FIG. 28C , according to some embodiments. Tables 17A and 17B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system shown in  FIG. 28D , according to some embodiments. In some embodiments, the visible system and NIR system have identical EFL of 2.035 mm, focal ratios of F/1.80, and diagonal image field size of 3.6 mm. Both systems are well corrected for aberrations including distortion within the field of view. In some embodiments, the F/1.8 NIR system is configured to capture NIR light in the 1014-852 nm band. 
     Visible and NIR Imaging System Tables 
     Tables 2A through 17B provide optical data and aspheric coefficients for the visible imaging systems and the NIR imaging systems shown in  FIGS. 19A through 28D , according to some embodiments. In the Tables:
         f: focal length of the respective imaging system   Fno: F/number of the respective imaging system   HFOV: Half field-of view of the respective imaging system   TTL: Total track length of the respective imaging system   S i : surface i   R i : radius of surface i   D i : distance between surface i and surface i+1 along optical axis   N d : index of refraction for material relative to d-line   V d : Abbe number for material relative to d-line   f i : focal length of the lens component at 555 nm   L x : lens number in order from object side to image side   INF: Infinity   FLT: Flat/plano   SPH: Spherical   ASP: Aspherical       

     Table 2A provides optical data for the visible imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 19G , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=1.985 mm, Fno=2.0, HFOV=59.9 deg, TTL=15.53 mm   Design wavelengths: 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/2.0 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 f i  at 
               
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 Di 
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 555 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object  
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 plane 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 30.500 
                 SPH 
                 0.8750 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.19 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.442 
                 SPH 
                 1.4261 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L2 
                 31.851 
                 SPH 
                 0.5500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.18 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.033 
                 SPH 
                 1.0754 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 5.0000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 L3 
                 2.079 
                 ASP 
                 1.3946 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 3.09 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 −6.847 
                 ASP 
                 0.2650 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 Aperture 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2239 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 stop 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L4 
                 10.839 
                 ASP 
                 0.3000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −5.56 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 2.732 
                 ASP 
                 0.1514 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L5 
                 5.655 
                 ASP 
                 1.0025 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 3.94 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −3.255 
                 ASP 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L6 
                 2.180 
                 ASP 
                 0.3000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −10.17 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 1.490 
                 ASP 
                 0.6494 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/ 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                   
                 filter 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 1.9635 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image 
                 plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 2B provides aspheric coefficients for the visible imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 19G , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/2.0 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 7 
                 0.48111583 
                 0.08171454 
                 −6.00819E−03 
                 −1.76935E−04 
                 −1.10101E−03 
                 4.43829E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −9.13129E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 8 
                 −0.14604362 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.43154E−02 
                 −1.69812E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 0.09225821 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.08953E−01 
                 7.49690E−02 
                 −1.92989E−02 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 0.36603871 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.21619E−01 
                 7.55193E−02 
                 1.48184E−02 
                 −1.17187E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.17683672 
                 0.00000000 
                 3.00243E−02 
                 −5.26273E−02 
                 7.57076E−02 
                 −3.48327E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00679E−03 
                 7.40725E−06 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −0.30726304 
                 −5.41039593 
                 −9.34555E−03 
                 −5.09623E−03 
                 −9.89726E−03 
                 7.08053E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −3.07726E−03 
                 3.38479E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.45878819 
                 −2.15661109 
                 −1.91392E−01 
                 4.02190E−02 
                 −1.60069E−02 
                 1.01605E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −7.64394E−03 
                 2.55769E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 0.67135497 
                 −3.30298050 
                 −1.20704E−01 
                 3.96338E−02 
                 −2.28118E−03 
                 −3.96896E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.30705E−03 
                 −3.40107E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 3A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 19H , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.030 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.6 deg, TTL=16.43 mm   Design wavelengths: 1014 nm, 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm, 852 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 30.500 
                 SPH 
                 0.8750 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.33 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.442 
                 SPH 
                 1.4261 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 31.851 
                 SPH 
                 0.5500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.30 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.033 
                 SPH 
                 1.0754 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 5.0000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 L 3   
                 2.391 
                 ASP 
                 1.4091 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.98 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 −3.833 
                 ASP 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 1.0178 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 −3.381 
                 ASP 
                 0.6919 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −5.90 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −37.564 
                 ASP 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 2.654 
                 ASP 
                 1.8740 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 19.29 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 2.692 
                 ASP 
                 0.7949 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 3.530 
                 ASP 
                 0.7623 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 5.65 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 −19.690 
                 ASP 
                 0.1500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 3B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 19H , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 7 
                 0.41823880 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.24102E−03 
                 −1.97963E−04 
                 1.36200E−03 
                 −5.98437E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 7.61954E−05 
                 8.39995E−06 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 8 
                 −0.26089979 
                 0.00000000 
                 3.16128E−02 
                 −3.12216E−03 
                 6.85809E−04 
                 −2.99458E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 9.19847E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.29580220 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.45080E−01 
                 −8.82191E−02 
                 2.63686E−02 
                 −7.01535E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.02662118 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.82309E−01 
                 −5.02583E−02 
                 −1.50230E−02 
                 5.25661E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.37678095 
                 0.00000000 
                 5.91390E−02 
                 −1.20037E−02 
                 −1.32899E−03 
                 7.21594E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.39704E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 0.37148484 
                 0.00000000 
                 −8.40316E−02 
                 5.75311E−02 
                 −2.35828E−02 
                 1.68514E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −8.03489E−03 
                 3.15728E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.28331556 
                 0.00000000 
                 −9.13042E−02 
                 −1.69646E−02 
                 −3.16156E−02 
                 2.34266E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −8.07118E−03 
                 −4.72848E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 −0.05078812 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.51060E−02 
                 −7.13631E−02 
                 2.65474E−02 
                 −4.51482E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 4A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 20F , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=20.27 mm   Design wavelengths: 1014 nm, 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm, 852 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 30.500 
                 SPH 
                 0.8750 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.33 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.442 
                 SPH 
                 1.4261 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 31.851 
                 SPH 
                 0.5500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.30 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.033 
                 SPH 
                 1.0754 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS 1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 5.0000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 L 3   
                 3.919 
                 ASP 
                 1.5658 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 3.75 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 −3.545 
                 ASP 
                 0.6102 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 1.0555 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 −1.515 
                 ASP 
                 0.5794 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −4.46 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −3.747 
                 ASP 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 3.434 
                 ASP 
                 1.4022 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 4.07 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −5.133 
                 ASP 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 B52 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 4.5000 
                 Glass 
                 1.744 
                 44.8 
                   
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2560 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 L 6   
                 4.883 
                 ASP 
                 0.3248 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 9.12 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 19 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 20 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 4B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 20F , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 7 
                 0.25519677 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.84991E−03 
                 −7.82346E−04 
                 5.92836E−04 
                 −1.68397E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.18018E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 8 
                 −0.28211737 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.57618E−02 
                 −2.11908E−03 
                 7.80782E−04 
                 −2.41880E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.44163E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.66002865 
                 0.00000000 
                 2.47866E−01 
                 −1.42589E−01 
                 9.26907E−02 
                 −3.62989E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 7.01871E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.26690784 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.14208E−01 
                 −4.08451E−02 
                 2.39775E−02 
                 −8.15138E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 8.58947E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.29119768 
                 0.00000000 
                 −6.68023E−02 
                 3.11110E−02 
                 −5.11074E−03 
                 1.37308E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.25810E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −0.19480236 
                 0.00000000 
                 −3.62092E−02 
                 1.19751E−02 
                 −4.78790E−03 
                 1.27479E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.08849E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 16 
                 0.20478678 
                 0.00000000 
                 −5.27387E−02 
                 −3.13272E−03 
                 −1.84074E−03 
                 9.80283E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.91535E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 5A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 21F , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.037 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=17.44 mm   Design wavelengths: 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 30.500 
                 SPH 
                 0.8750 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.33 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.442 
                 SPH 
                 1.4261 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 31.851 
                 SPH 
                 0.5500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.30 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.033 
                 SPH 
                 1.0754 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS 1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 5.0000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 8 
                 L 3   
                 2.511 
                 ASP 
                 1.4327 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.88 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 −3.206 
                 ASP 
                 0.7201 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 −9.463 
                 ASP 
                 0.3311 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −16.11 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 99.250 
                 ASP 
                 0.2931 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 BS 2 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 4.000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.5112 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 5   
                 −2.756 
                 ASP 
                 0.3715 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 9.15 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 −1.847 
                 ASP 
                 0.1500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 5B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 21F , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 0.39830935 
                 0.00000000 
                 −6.60001E−03 
                 1.52780E−03 
                 8.64403E−04 
                 −1.02743E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.59468E−04 
                 −1.89818E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.31195069 
                 0.00000000 
                 3.29301E−02 
                 −1.36213E−03 
                 −2.21387E−03 
                 4.64135E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.10567124 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.22891E−01 
                 −4.72270E−02 
                 1.11063E−03 
                 −8.08077E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 6.49579E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 0.01007556 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.04944E−01 
                 −2.38963E−02 
                 −1.34736E−02 
                 4.87066E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 −0.36280848 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.30161E−01 
                 1.75253E−01 
                 −9.53637E−02 
                 2.46499E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −3.31689E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 −0.54133300 
                 0.00000000 
                 −2.61775E−02 
                 1.41002E−01 
                 −5.72923E−02 
                 8.16377E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 6A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 22D , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=17.80 mm   Design wavelengths: 1014 nm, 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm, 852 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 30.501 
                 SPH 
                 0.8750 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.33 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.442 
                 SPH 
                 1.4261 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 31.851 
                 SPH 
                 0.5500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.30 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.033 
                 SPH 
                 1.0754 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS 1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 5.0000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 L 3   
                 13.110 
                 SPH 
                 1.2250 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 3.87 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 −2.381 
                 ASP 
                 0.5444 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 L 4   
                 −6.759 
                 ASP 
                 0.3500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −10.20 
               
               
                 10 
                   
                 155.511 
                 ASP 
                 0.2252 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 11 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 97.024 
                 ASP 
                 0.9554 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 7.43 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −4.135 
                 ASP 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 1.9000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 15 
                 Fold Mirror 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 1.9000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3618 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 17 
                 L 6   
                 4.371 
                 ASP 
                 0.5018 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 10.91 
               
               
                 18 
                   
                 11.328 
                 ASP 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 19 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 21 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 6B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 22D , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 −0.41999908 
                 0.00000000 
                 4.69973E−02 
                 −1.07400E−02 
                 2.32587E−03 
                 −1.01502E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −3.97498E−05 
                 6.38610E−06 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.14795449 
                 0.00000000 
                 5.81365E−02 
                 −2.52303E−02 
                 4.78412E−03 
                 −3.86731E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 0.643041E−02 
                 0.00000000 
                 4.53020E−02 
                 −9.54796E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.01030675 
                 0.00000000 
                 4.59169E−02 
                 −1.97578E−03 
                 2.67466E−04 
                 1.07164E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −0.24183701 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.84585E−02 
                 −1.69092E−03 
                 1.04804E−03 
                 3.91450E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 17 
                 0.22875549 
                 0.00000000 
                 −2.24867E−02 
                 −3.46591E−02 
                 3.14925E−03 
                 −1.98153E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.13162E−03 
                 −5.75250E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 18 
                 0.08827330 
                 0.00000000 
                 2.63667E−02 
                 −5.07448E−02 
                 1.17108E−02 
                 −1.40793E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 7A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 23D , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=17.80 mm   Design wavelengths: 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 30.501 
                 SPH 
                 0.8750 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.32 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.442 
                 SPH 
                 1.4261 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 31.851 
                 SPH 
                 0.5500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.30 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.033 
                 SPH 
                 1.0754 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS_Prism1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 5.0000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 L 3   
                 3.860 
                 ASP 
                 0.7242 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 7.48 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 97.165 
                 ASP 
                 0.4382 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 L 4   
                 9.392 
                 ASP 
                 1.2265 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 5.46 
               
               
                 10 
                   
                 −4.060 
                 ASP 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 11 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 1.9000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 15 
                 Fold Mirror 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 1.9000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3216 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 17 
                 L 5   
                 3.998 
                 ASP 
                 0.3282 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 14.82 
               
               
                 18 
                   
                 7.820 
                 ASP 
                 0.1500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 19 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 21 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 7B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 23D , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 7 
                 0.25908072 
                 0.00000000 
                 2.14743E−02 
                 3.87178E−03 
                 9.55827E−04 
                 −8.23010E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.78758E−04 
                 −2.13509E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 8 
                 0.01029181 
                 0.00000000 
                 5.69319E−02 
                 7.30914E−03 
                 1.59464E−03 
                 −8.42688E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −5.58463E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 0.10647767 
                 0.00000000 
                 3.18184E−02 
                 8.20082E−04 
                 5.32764E−04 
                 −5.64036E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.31256E−04 
                 8.86136E−06 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.24631377 
                 0.00000000 
                 7.28519E−03 
                 6.31497E−04 
                 2.54527E−03 
                 −1.68396E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 4.36787E−04 
                 9.26528E−06 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 0.25011758 
                 0.00000000 
                 −5.21949E−03 
                 −9.82081E−02 
                 2.76746E−02 
                 −9.80390E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 3.44814E−03 
                 −5.48024E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 16 
                 0.12787559 
                 0.00000000 
                 6.71293E−02 
                 −1.20622E−01 
                 3.85482E−02 
                 −4.04129E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 8A provides optical data for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 24C , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=13.01 mm   Design wavelengths: 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 555 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 12.829 
                 SPH 
                 0.8000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.36 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 2.674 
                 SPH 
                 0.8340 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 5.919 
                 SPH 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −12.02 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.020 
                 SPH 
                 0.7464 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS-1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 4.2000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 8 
                 L 3   
                 2.199 
                 ASP 
                 1.3200 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.54 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 −2.965 
                 ASP 
                 0.3003 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 −20.279 
                 ASP 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −4.47 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 3.522 
                 ASP 
                 0.1374 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 3.193 
                 ASP 
                 1.1755 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 5.19 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −21.947 
                 ASP 
                 1.0464 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 2.554 
                 ASP 
                 0.4500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −14.46 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 1.810 
                 ASP 
                 0.3023 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 8B provides aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 24C , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 0.45482900 
                 0.00000000 
                 −6.71045E−04 
                 −6.73711E−03 
                 1.25891E−02 
                 −1.39130E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 6.71399E−03 
                 −1.34864E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.33727752 
                 0.00000000 
                 6.61454E−02 
                 −3.98264E−02 
                 1.38384E−02 
                 −4.97936E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.18531E−03 
                 −2.06363E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.04931149 
                 0.00000000 
                 4.93108E−03 
                 −2.49872E−02 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 0.28393438 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.12732E−01 
                 1.64114E−01 
                 −9.37712E−02 
                 2.57177E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −5.54936E−03 
                 7.77397E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.31314651 
                 0.00000000 
                 −8.99223E−02 
                 1.76013E−01 
                 −7.39360E−02 
                 −2.19950E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.01393E−02 
                 −2.13906E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −0.04556371 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.44041E−02 
                 2.00900E−02 
                 3.56354E−02 
                 −5.54281E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 3.96090E−02 
                 −9.56601E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.39154231 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.80325E−01 
                 −1.91323E−02 
                 7.05026E−03 
                 −5.52421E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 0.55251850 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.51567E−01 
                 8.52355E−03 
                 −3.74001E−04 
                 −3.63561E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 9A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 24D , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=12.75 mm   Design wavelengths: 1014 nm, 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm, 852 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 12.829 
                 SPH 
                 0.8000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.49 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 2.674 
                 SPH 
                 0.8340 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 5.919 
                 SPH 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −12.25 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.020 
                 SPH 
                 0.7464 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS-1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 4.2000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 8 
                 L 3   
                 1.945 
                 ASP 
                 1.4259 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.24 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 −2.322 
                 ASP 
                 0.1943 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 19.271 
                 ASP 
                 0.5001 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −3.06 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 1.747 
                 ASP 
                 0.2176 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 2.606 
                 ASP 
                 1.0978 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 4.66 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −49.588 
                 ASP 
                 0.7852 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 6.091 
                 ASP 
                 0.4975 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −12.46 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 3.094 
                 ASP 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 9B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 24D , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 0.51402931 
                 0.00000000 
                 −5.95163E−03 
                 8.34733E−03 
                 −1.80621E−02 
                 1.39572E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −5.37909E−03 
                 5.68411E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.43065125 
                 0.00000000 
                 9.61061E−02 
                 −5.42978E−02 
                 2.14222E−02 
                 −7.95600E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.38058E−03 
                 −6.34220E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 0.05189200 
                 0.00000000 
                 −7.64986E−02 
                 4.07768E−02 
                 −4.78751E−02 
                 1.53868E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 0.57254099 
                 0.00000000 
                 −2.37974E−01 
                 2.47198E−01 
                 −2.05788E−01 
                 9.70417E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.90745E−02 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.38377665 
                 0.00000000 
                 −4.22881E−02 
                 1.21220E−01 
                 −8.18672E−02 
                 3.08416E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −4.96031E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −0.02016637 
                 0.00000000 
                 2.23275E−02 
                 5.07407E−02 
                 −1.52825E−02 
                 5.91598E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.53609E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.16418318 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.23361E−01 
                 −3.31262E−02 
                 2.39031E−02 
                 −1.13777E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 9.72137E−04 
                 −1.09122E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 0.32322884 
                 0.00000000 
                 −6.06591E−02 
                 −4.63657E−02 
                 4.51070E−02 
                 −2.09553E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 4.74578E−03 
                 −4.21625E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 10A provides optical data for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 25C , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=14.60 mm   Design wavelengths: 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 555 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 30.500 
                 SPH 
                 0.8750 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.89 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.739 
                 SPH 
                 0.8340 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 31.851 
                 SPH 
                 0.5500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −4.96 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 2.482 
                 SPH 
                 0.7464 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 L 3   
                 9.468 
                 SPH 
                 0.5288 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 17.33 
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 BS-1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 4.2000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 2.488 
                 ASP 
                 1.4511 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.52 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −2.446 
                 ASP 
                 0.3927 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 −5.758 
                 ASP 
                 0.4999 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −4.38 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 6.139 
                 ASP 
                 0.3045 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 3.488 
                 ASP 
                 1.2156 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 9.38 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 9.568 
                 ASP 
                 1.4900 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 L7 
                 3.531 
                 ASP 
                 0.4500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 20.33 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 4.943 
                 ASP 
                 0.1500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 19 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 20 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 10B provides aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 25C , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 10 
                 0.40195309 
                 0.00000000 
                 −5.14108E−04 
                 4.39788E−03 
                 −5.17467E−03 
                 2.99766E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.00123E−03 
                 1.10812E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.40886616 
                 0.00000000 
                 8.11098E−02 
                 −3.43869E−02 
                 1.21155E−02 
                 −3.49619E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 4.73195E−04 
                 −1.45161E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 −0.17366407 
                 0.00000000 
                 6.91290E−02 
                 −3.22801E−02 
                 −3.64583E−03 
                 1.11276E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 0.16288569 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.65375E−02 
                 1.06313E−01 
                 −7.89099E−02 
                 2.18252E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −2.34915E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.28672271 
                 0.00000000 
                 −4.10875E−02 
                 1.17674E−01 
                 −6.66610E−02 
                 1.77840E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.88201E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 0.10451092 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.07706E−02 
                 2.45901E−02 
                 2.40375E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 16 
                 0.28324218 
                 0.00000000 
                 −5.61037E−02 
                 −6.48097E−02 
                 3.94517E−02 
                 −4.35983E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.47814E−02 
                 −5.86782E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 17 
                 0.20229531 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.89725E−02 
                 −6.40731E−02 
                 1.28952E−02 
                 3.53240E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.96002E−03 
                 2.50193E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 11A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 25D , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=14.81 mm   Design wavelengths: 1014 nm, 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm, 852 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 30.500 
                 SPH 
                 0.8750 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −8.05 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.739 
                 SPH 
                 0.8340 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 31.851 
                 SPH 
                 0.5500 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −5.06 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 2.482 
                 SPH 
                 0.7464 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 L 3   
                 9.468 
                 SPH 
                 0.5288 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 17.68 
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 BS-1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 4.2000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 2.712 
                 ASP 
                 1.3041 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.63 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −2.440 
                 ASP 
                 0.6168 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 −5.615 
                 ASP 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −3.57 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 3.929 
                 SPH 
                 0.5178 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 2.149 
                 ASP 
                 1.6710 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 5.77 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 5.133 
                 ASP 
                 0.7581 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 L 7   
                 6.609 
                 ASP 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 12.34 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 19 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.4107 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 20 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 11B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 25D , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 10 
                 0.36866645 
                 0.00000000 
                 −2.99425E−03 
                 6.28827E−03 
                 −4.72012E−03 
                 1.40979E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −8.33269E−05 
                 −2.94730E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.40985935 
                 0.00000000 
                 6.57620E−02 
                 −1.42372E−02 
                 −1.32677E−03 
                 2.02013E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −3.58915E−04 
                 −5.80293E−06 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 −0.17809630 
                 0.00000000 
                 9.70168E−02 
                 −6.41702E−02 
                 1.74501E−02 
                 −2.04520E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.46529592 
                 0.00000000 
                 −6.06393E−02 
                 2.41464E−02 
                 1.28121E−03 
                 −2.45928E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 3.85804E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 0.19483219 
                 0.00000000 
                 −4.96939E−02 
                 1.61264E−02 
                 −1.13516E−03 
                 5.79406E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.49404E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 16 
                 0.15130928 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.01021E−01 
                 8.17447E−04 
                 −1.85015E−03 
                 −1.35324E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.46005E−02 
                 −4.12931E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 12A provides optical data for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in FIG, according to some embodiments.  26 C. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=13.52 mm   Design wavelengths: 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 555 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane  
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 21.178 
                 SPH 
                 0.8000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −5.84 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 2.735 
                 SPH 
                 1.0097 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 54.752 
                 SPH 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.96 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.545 
                 SPH 
                 0.5615 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 L 3   
                 15.485 
                 SPH 
                 0.4288 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                 16.62 
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.0000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 BS-1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 3.4000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 Aperture stop  
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 2.613 
                 ASP 
                 1.3630 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.41 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −2.157 
                 ASP 
                 0.3074 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 −1.585 
                 ASP 
                 0.4976 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −4.03 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −4.358 
                 ASP 
                 0.8586 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 1.937 
                 ASP 
                 1.2362 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 5.70 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 3.968 
                 ASP 
                 1.1985 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 L 7   
                 10.408 
                 ASP 
                 0.4000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 19.05 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 19 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3572 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 20 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 12B provides aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 26C , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 10 
                 0.38270074 
                 0.00000000 
                 −6.29144E−03 
                 3.57658E−03 
                 −2.10274E−02 
                 2.17796E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.28913E−02 
                 2.24467E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.46367871 
                 0.00000000 
                 5.44274E−02 
                 −2.19551E−02 
                 2.14644E−03 
                 −5.81407E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 3.35807E−03 
                 −6.06394E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 −0.63089537 
                 0.00000000 
                 8.58404E−02 
                 2.58186E−02 
                 −2.58206E−02 
                 1.32718E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −2.61654E−03 
                 5.49565E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −0.22945346 
                 0.00000000 
                 −4.15251E−02 
                 8.61665E−02 
                 −5.33245E−02 
                 2.37794E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −4.05071E−03 
                 −1.56600E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.51625296 
                 0.00000000 
                 −9.77326E−02 
                 3.95870E−02 
                 −1.29275E−02 
                 3.46290E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −4.96044E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 0.25200506 
                 0.00000000 
                 −7.07836E−02 
                 2.20611E−02 
                 −1.26157E−03 
                 −2.61575E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.06827E−03 
                 −3.95737E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 16 
                 0.09608366 
                 0.00000000 
                 −9.13716E−02 
                 −5.17503E−03 
                 −2.50880E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 13A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 26D , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=13.50 mm   Design wavelengths: 1014 nm, 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm, 852 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 21.178 
                 SPH 
                 0.8000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −5.95 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 2.735 
                 SPH 
                 1.0097 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 54.752 
                 SPH 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.10 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.545 
                 SPH 
                 0.5615 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 L 3   
                 15.485 
                 SPH 
                 0.4288 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                 17.56 
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.0000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 BS-1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 3.4000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 9 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 2.727 
                 ASP 
                 1.3694 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.22 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −1.734 
                 ASP 
                 0.2599 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 −1.608 
                 ASP 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −3.33 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −7.510 
                 ASP 
                 0.7932 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 1.920 
                 ASP 
                 1.5442 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 6.30 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 3.205 
                 ASP 
                 0.8343 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 L 7   
                 7.823 
                 ASP 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 14.60 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 19 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.4034 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 20 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 13B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 26D , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 10 
                 0.36676639 
                 0.00000000 
                 −8.65005E−03 
                 −3.99537E−03 
                 −8.06513E−03 
                 9.17701E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −6.94146E−03 
                 1.01649E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.57672586 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.07429E−01 
                 −4.67872E−02 
                 1.68792E−02 
                 −9.83009E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 3.72396E−03 
                 −5.39705E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 −0.62177665 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.23289E−01 
                 −2.15749E−03 
                 −1.34804E−02 
                 7.11163E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −0.13316350 
                 0.00000000 
                 −6.69483E−02 
                 1.13361E−01 
                 −7.68952E−02 
                 3.36698E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −6.07390E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.52085042 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.09013E−01 
                 5.19360E−02 
                 −1.84153E−02 
                 4.77689E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −6.50159E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 15 
                 0.31199811 
                 0.00000000 
                 −9.13359E−02 
                 3.67283E−02 
                 −9.24492E−03 
                 1.58936E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 5.37547E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 16 
                 0.12782856 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.07661E−01 
                 −1.90834E−03 
                 −4.47709E−03 
                 6.08342E−04 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 14A provides optical data for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 27C , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=13.89 mm   Design wavelengths: 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 555 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 21.178 
                 SPH 
                 0.8000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −5.84 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 2.735 
                 SPH 
                 1.0097 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 54.752 
                 SPH 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.96 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.545 
                 SPH 
                 0.5615 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 L3-Prism 
                 15.485 
                 SPH 
                 4.1288 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                 16.62 
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 8 
                 L 4   
                 2.666 
                 ASP 
                 1.3630 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.45 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 −2.202 
                 ASP 
                 0.2855 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 5   
                 −1.626 
                 ASP 
                 0.4976 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −4.47 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −4.013 
                 ASP 
                 0.9329 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 6   
                 2.026 
                 ASP 
                 1.2362 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 6.66 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 3.584 
                 ASP 
                 1.2079 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 7   
                 9.183 
                 ASP 
                 0.4000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 16.81 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3712 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 14B provides aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 27C , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 0.37505681 
                 0.00000000 
                 −6.86846E−03 
                 3.82110E−03 
                 −2.10344E−02 
                 2.02748E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.13094E−02 
                 1.78614E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.45405702 
                 0.00000000 
                 4.94172E−02 
                 −1.85260E−02 
                 −7.75888E−05 
                 −4.69306E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 3.17856E−03 
                 −6.31434E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.61507956 
                 0.00000000 
                 8.47049E−02 
                 2.86922E−02 
                 −2.69684E−02 
                 1.32526E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −2.53085E−03 
                 3.99053E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.24917402 
                 0.00000000 
                 −2.54864E−02 
                 7.76255E−02 
                 −4.89954E−02 
                 2.33628E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −4.47234E−03 
                 −6.29302E−05 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.49363590 
                 0.00000000 
                 −8.63370E−02 
                 3.51092E−02 
                 −1.04005E−02 
                 2.67496E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −3.72513E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 0.27905520 
                 0.00000000 
                 −7.55124E−02 
                 2.41433E−02 
                 −1.66905E−03 
                 −3.17410E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.57893E−03 
                 −5.31785E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.10889663 
                 0.00000000 
                 −9.07744E−02 
                 −5.90957E−03 
                 −2.73590E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 15A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 27D , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=13.16 mm   Design wavelengths: 1014 nm, 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm, 852 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 21.178 
                 SPH 
                 0.8000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −5.95 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 2.735 
                 SPH 
                 1.0097 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 54.752 
                 SPH 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.10 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 3.545 
                 SPH 
                 0.5615 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 L3-Prism 
                 15.485 
                 SPH 
                 4.1288 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                 17.56 
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 8 
                 L 4   
                 2.110 
                 ASP 
                 1.4657 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.17 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 −1.968 
                 ASP 
                 0.3099 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 5   
                 −1.788 
                 ASP 
                 0.4989 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −2.96 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −42.161 
                 ASP 
                 0.4972 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 6   
                 1.628 
                 ASP 
                 0.8606 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 6.09 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 2.651 
                 ASP 
                 1.1649 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 7   
                 8.483 
                 ASP 
                 0.4000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 15.84 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3592 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 15B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 27D , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 0.47397645 
                 0.00000000 
                 −5.79006E−03 
                 3.80534E−03 
                 −8.27019E−03 
                 6.78273E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −3.94807E−03 
                 6.87851E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.50802103 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.29946E−01 
                 −5.10662E−02 
                 9.00053E−03 
                 −5.65666E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 3.24375E−03 
                 −5.36914E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.55927167 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.38825E−01 
                 −3.25146E−02 
                 −2.60685E−02 
                 2.11269E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −2.13742E−03 
                 −4.31674E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.02371843 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.70117E−01 
                 2.57474E−01 
                 −2.24768E−01 
                 1.22084E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −2.93644E−02 
                 2.08643E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.61436466 
                 0.00000000 
                 −2.68168E−01 
                 1.41724E−01 
                 −4.34887E−02 
                 9.11962E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −3.80053E−04 
                 −4.98202E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 0.37720393 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.26461E−01 
                 3.60190E−02 
                 4.98724E−02 
                 −5.50679E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.90791E−02 
                 −5.46253E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.11788751 
                 0.00000000 
                 −7.86972E−02 
                 −3.30975E−03 
                 3.41601E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 16A provides optical data for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 28C , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=13.46 mm   Design wavelengths: 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 555 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 13.128 
                 SPH 
                 0.7000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −7.85 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.172 
                 SPH 
                 1.0110 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 −15.593 
                 SPH 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −5.98 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 4.179 
                 SPH 
                 0.5590 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS-1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 4.0000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 8 
                 L 3   
                 2.203 
                 ASP 
                 1.3630 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.48 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 −2.743 
                 ASP 
                 0.7192 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 −1.561 
                 ASP 
                 0.4976 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −4.05 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −4.172 
                 ASP 
                 0.4007 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 2.129 
                 ASP 
                 1.2362 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 5.17 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 6.862 
                 ASP 
                 1.1240 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 9.914 
                 ASP 
                 0.4000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 18.15 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.3500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 16B provides aspheric coefficients for the visible light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 28C , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 Visible Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 0.45400853 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.45195E−02 
                 5.28579E−03 
                 −1.79063E−02 
                 1.72027E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −8.19270E−03 
                 1.29104E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.36455174 
                 0.00000000 
                 3.48394E−02 
                 −1.21857E−02 
                 8.38584E−03 
                 −7.05533E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 1.72452E−03 
                 −1.22072E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.64066064 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.87050E−01 
                 −1.66138E−02 
                 1.68086E−03 
                 −2.35114E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −4.76389E−03 
                 2.61801E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −0.23970681 
                 0.00000000 
                 8.07774E−03 
                 1.14626E−01 
                 −4.87978E−02 
                 1.54584E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −1.21704E−02 
                 3.34179E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.46970980 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.50200E−01 
                 1.21999E−01 
                 −4.45716E−02 
                 8.89797E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −8.14860E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 0.14573415 
                 0.00000000 
                 −8.32833E−02 
                 4.15275E−02 
                 3.99776E−03 
                 −1.20696E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 8.35090E−03 
                 −1.68072E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.10087133 
                 0.00000000 
                 −9.54899E−02 
                 7.95876E−04 
                 −9.13787E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 17A provides optical data for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 28D , according to some embodiments. In this example embodiment:
         f=2.035 mm, Fno=1.8, HFOV=41.5 deg, TTL=13.06 mm   Design wavelengths: 1014 nm, 950 nm, 940 nm, 930 nm, 852 nm       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S i   
                 Component 
                 R i   
                 Shape 
                 D i   
                 Material 
                 N d   
                 V d   
                 f i  at 940 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 INF 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 L 1   
                 13.128 
                 SPH 
                 0.7000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −8.00 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                 3.172 
                 SPH 
                 1.0110 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 L 2   
                 −15.593 
                 SPH 
                 0.5000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 −6.10 
               
               
                 4 
                   
                 4.179 
                 SPH 
                 0.5590 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 5 
                 BS-1 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 4.0000 
                 Glass 
                 1.923 
                 18.9 
                   
               
               
                 6 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 7 
                 Aperture stop 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1000 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 8 
                 L 3   
                 2.099 
                 ASP 
                 1.4657 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 2.20 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 −2.036 
                 ASP 
                 0.4312 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 10 
                 L 4   
                 −2.319 
                 ASP 
                 0.4989 
                 Plastic 
                 1.661 
                 20.4 
                 −3.16 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 16.131 
                 ASP 
                 0.4964 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 12 
                 L 5   
                 1.684 
                 ASP 
                 0.8606 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 7.16 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 2.467 
                 ASP 
                 1.1004 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 14 
                 L 6   
                 4.974 
                 ASP 
                 0.4000 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 55.9 
                 9.29 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.2500 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 16 
                 Window/filter 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.1500 
                 Glass 
                 1.516 
                 64.1 
                   
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 INF 
                 FLT 
                 0.4352 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 18 
                 Image plane 
                 INF 
                 FLT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 17B provides aspheric coefficients for the NIR light imaging system embodiment shown in  FIG. 28D , according to some embodiments. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 F/1.8 NIR Imaging System 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 A 
                 B 
                 C 
                 D 
               
               
                 S i   
                 c i   
                 K 
                 E 
                 F 
                 G 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 0.47651240 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.63396E−02 
                 5.00829E−03 
                 −1.12603E−02 
                 6.75489E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −2.55977E−03 
                 2.29440E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −0.49111129 
                 0.00000000 
                 9.98595E−02 
                 −3.76022E−02 
                 1.30822E−02 
                 −7.46182E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 2.57810E−03 
                 −3.68154E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −0.43131222 
                 0.00000000 
                 1.24304E−01 
                 −7.10702E−03 
                 −2.18824E−02 
                 1.39281E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −3.78181E−03 
                 4.69283E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 0.06199162 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.47423E−01 
                 2.70026E−01 
                 −2.14684E−01 
                 1.13452E−01 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −2.60342E−02 
                 7.18828E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.59376856 
                 0.00000000 
                 −2.75532E−01 
                 1.59078E−01 
                 −3.63663E−02 
                 2.78907E−03 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 −2.82717E−05 
                 −1.48101E−04 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 0.40530217 
                 0.00000000 
                 −1.55911E−01 
                 6.94992E−02 
                 3.60214E−02 
                 −5.37324E−02 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 3.19301E−02 
                 −6.41043E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                 14 
                 0.20102803 
                 0.00000000 
                 −7.88995E−02 
                 −1.14683E−03 
                 3.07072E−03 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
                 0.00000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The methods described herein may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination thereof, in different embodiments. In addition, the order of the blocks of the methods may be changed, and various elements may be added, reordered, combined, omitted, modified, etc. Various modifications and changes may be made as would be obvious to a person skilled in the art having the benefit of this disclosure. The various embodiments described herein are meant to be illustrative and not limiting. Many variations, modifications, additions, and improvements are possible. Accordingly, plural instances may be provided for components described herein as a single instance. Boundaries between various components, operations and data stores are somewhat arbitrary, and particular operations are illustrated in the context of specific illustrative configurations. Other allocations of functionality are envisioned and may fall within the scope of claims that follow. Finally, structures and functionality presented as discrete components in the example configurations may be implemented as a combined structure or component. These and other variations, modifications, additions, and improvements may fall within the scope of embodiments as defined in the claims that follow.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20180926
Publication Date: 20211012
Grant Date: 20211012
Priority Date: 20170928
Inventors: MERCADO, ROMEO I.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G02B27/1006", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/149", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/14", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/0065", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/0045", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B9/62", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B5/208", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/14", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B9/34", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B5/208", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/14", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B9/34", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 78007771