PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10720971-B2
Application Number: US-201916267104-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Multi-radio filtering front-end circuitry for transceiver systems

Abstract:
Devices and systems useful in concurrently receiving and transmitting Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same frequency band are provided. By way of example, an electronic device includes a transceiver configured to transmit data and to receive data over channels of a first wireless network and a second wireless network concurrently. The transceiver includes a plurality of filters configured to allow the transceiver to transmit the data and to receive the data in the same frequency band by reducing interference between signals of the first wireless network and the second wireless network.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A system, comprising:
 radio frequency (RF) front-end circuitry, comprising:
 a first processor configured to electrically couple to:
 a plurality of antennas configured to receive and transmit one or more Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) signals in a frequency band during a timeslot using a multi-time division duplexing (multi-TDD) technique; and 
 another antenna configured to receive and transmit one or more Bluetooth signals; and 
 
 a second processor configured to electrically couple to the another antenna configured to receive and transmit the one or more Bluetooth signals in the frequency band during the timeslot, wherein the second processor is configured to receive and transmit the one or more Bluetooth signals substantially simultaneously with the first processor receiving and transmitting the one or more Wi-Fi signals in accordance to the multi-time division duplexing (multi-TDD) technique to reduce interference between the one or more Wi-Fi signals of a first wireless network and the one or more Bluetooth signals of a second wireless network by controlling a channel in which the one or more Wi-Fi signals and the one or more Bluetooth signals are received. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The system of  claim 1 , wherein the first processor comprises:
 a first core electrically coupled to a first antenna of the plurality of antennas; 
 a second core electrically coupled to a second antenna of the plurality of antennas; and 
 a third core electrically coupled to a third antenna of the plurality of antennas; 
 wherein the first core, the second core, and the third core are configured to facilitate receiving and transmitting the one or more Wi-Fi signals via the plurality of antennas by transmitting and receiving the one or more Wi-Fi signals during a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion of the timeslot, respectively, in accordance with the multi-TDD technique. 
 
     
     
       3. The system of  claim 2 , wherein the first core, the second core, and the third core are electrically coupled to the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna, respectively, without coupling to a channel radio frequency (RF) filter. 
     
     
       4. The system of  claim 2 , wherein the plurality of antennas comprises a plurality of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antennas. 
     
     
       5. The system of  claim 1 , wherein the first processor comprises a first core of a plurality of cores, wherein the first core is configured to communicatively couple the to a plurality of peripheral devices by facilitating reception and transmission one or more of the Bluetooth signals via the another antenna. 
     
     
       6. The system of  claim 5 , wherein the first core of the plurality of cores is electrically coupled to the another antenna without coupling to a channel radio frequency (RF) filter. 
     
     
       7. The system of  claim 5 , wherein the first core and the second processor are configured to receive and transmit the one or more Bluetooth signals during the timeslot using frequency hopping between the first core and the second processor. 
     
     
       8. The system of  claim 1 , wherein the second processor comprises a Bluetooth processor configured to:
 receive at least a portion of the one or more Bluetooth signals; and 
 communicatively couple to a plurality of peripheral devices. 
 
     
     
       9. The system of  claim 1 , wherein the second processor is configured to electrically couple to the another antenna without coupling to a channel radio frequency (RF) filter. 
     
     
       10. A system, comprising:
 a transceiver configured to concurrently transmit and receive data of a first wireless network and a second wireless network in a same frequency band, wherein the transceiver comprises: 
 a first circuitry configured to receive and transmit a first set of signals of the first wireless network during a timeslot; and 
 a second circuitry configured to receive and transmit a second set of signals of the second wireless network during a first portion of the timeslot in accordance to a multi-time division duplexing (multi-TDD) technique by using additional circuitry associated with the second wireless network; 
 wherein the multi-TDD technique is configured to reduce interference when receiving and transmitting signals of the first wireless network and of the second wireless network by controlling a channel in which the first set of signals and the second set of signals are received. 
 
     
     
       11. The system of  claim 10 , wherein the first wireless network comprises a Bluetooth wireless network. 
     
     
       12. The system of  claim 10 , wherein the second wireless network comprises a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) wireless network. 
     
     
       13. The system of  claim 10 , wherein the same frequency band comprises a frequency band of approximately 2.4 gigahertz (GHz). 
     
     
       14. The system of  claim 10 , wherein the first circuitry comprises a dedicated Bluetooth circuitry configured to allow the system to communicatively couple to  2   n  peripheral Bluetooth electronic devices, and wherein n comprises a number of the peripheral Bluetooth electronic devices. 
     
     
       15. The system of  claim 10 , wherein the first circuitry is configured to electrically couple to a first antenna of the first wireless network without coupling to a channel radio frequency (RF) filter, and wherein the first antenna is configured to communicatively couple the transceiver to one or more external Bluetooth electronic devices. 
     
     
       16. The system of  claim 10  wherein the additional circuitry associated with the second wireless network comprises a Bluetooth core, wherein the Bluetooth core and the first circuitry are configured to receive and transmit the first set of signals during the timeslot using frequency hopping between the first circuitry and the Bluetooth core. 
     
     
       17. The system of  claim 10 , wherein the second circuitry comprises Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) circuitry configured to only receive one or more Wi-Fi signals. 
     
     
       18. The system of  claim 10 , wherein the additional circuitry associated with the second wireless network comprises:
 a third circuitry configured to facilitate receiving and transmitting the second set of signals during a second portion of the timeslot in accordance with the multi-TDD technique; and 
 a fourth circuitry configured to facilitate receiving and transmitting the second set of signals during a third portion of the timeslot in accordance with the multi-TDD technique. 
 
     
     
       19. A method for operating a transceiver, comprising:
 transmitting or receiving, via a first circuit, a first set of signals of a first wireless network during a first portion of a timeslot, wherein the first set of signals are transmitted or received within a frequency band; 
 transmitting or receiving, via a second circuit, the first set of signals during a second portion of the timeslot; 
 transmitting or receiving, via a third circuit, the first set of signals during a third portion of the timeslot; and 
 transmitting or receiving, via a fourth circuit, a second set of signals of a second wireless network during the timeslot, wherein the second set of signals is transmitted or received in the frequency band; 
 wherein transmitting or receiving the first set of signals during the first portion, the second portion, and the third portion of the timeslot is coordinated in accordance to a multi-time division duplexing (multi-TDD) technique to reduce interference between the first set of signals of the first wireless network and the second set of signals of the second wireless network by controlling a channel in which the first set of signals are transmitted or received. 
 
     
     
       20. The method of  claim 19 , wherein the first set of signals is transmitted or received during the first portion of the timeslot using a first core of a processor associated with the first wireless network, wherein the first set of signals is transmitted or received during the second portion of the timeslot using a second core of the processor associated with the first wireless network, and wherein the first set of signals is transmitted or received during the third portion of the timeslot using a third core of the processor associated with the first wireless network.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     Under 35 U.S.C. § 120, this application is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/189,874, filed Jun. 22, 2016 and entitled “MULTI-RADIO FILTERING FRONT-END CIRCUITRY FOR TRANSCEIVER SYSTEMS,” which is incorporated herein by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The present disclosure relates generally to transceivers of wireless electronic devices and, more particularly, to multi-radio filtering front-end circuitry for the transceivers of the wireless electronic devices. 
     This section is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects of art that may be related to various aspects of the present disclosure, which are described and/or claimed below. This discussion is believed to be helpful in providing the reader with background information to facilitate a better understanding of the various aspects of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it should be understood that these statements are to be read in this light, and not as admissions of prior art. 
     Transmitters and receivers, or when coupled together as part of a single unit, transceivers, are commonly included in various electronic devices, and particularly, portable electronic devices such as, for example, phones (e.g., mobile and cellular phones, cordless phones, personal assistance devices), computers (e.g., laptops, tablet computers), internet connectivity routers (e.g., Wi-Fi routers or modems), radios, televisions, or any of various other stationary or handheld devices. Certain types of transceivers, known as wireless transceivers, may be used to generate and receive wireless signals to be transmitted and/or received by way of an antenna coupled to the transceiver. Specifically, the wireless transceiver is generally used to wirelessly communicate data over a network channel or other medium (e.g., air) to and from one or more external wireless devices. 
     For example, these transceivers may be included in various mobile and in-home wireless electronic devices, and particularly mobile and in-home wireless electronic devices that may support wireless applications such as, for example, Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), ZigBee, Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular, and so forth. Thus, the support of the aforementioned wireless applications may depend on the wireless electronic devices achieving excellent signal reception quality. Particularly, the signal reception quality of the wireless electronic device may be dependent upon the efficiency of the one or more radio frequency (RF) filters that may be included as part of the transceiver. 
     Generally, the RF filters of the transceivers may pass desirable frequencies and reject undesirable frequencies. As it may be appreciated, the number of RF filters that may be used to increase signal reception quality may increase as the number of frequency bands in which the wireless electronic devices support increases. Indeed, in some instances, the wireless electronic devices may be required to support multiple wireless applications (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi) each operating within the same frequency band. For example, certain home entertainment systems may be required to support a number of simultaneous Bluetooth profiles, and at the same time achieve increased Wi-Fi data throughput. However, as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi applications may, in many instances, operate on the same 2.4 gigahertz (GHz) industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency band, concurrently supporting Bluetooth and Wi-Fi applications may markedly degrade the data signals due to, for example, RF blocking and out-of-band (OOB) noise. It may be useful to provide more robust filtering techniques to support wireless applications operating within the same frequency band. 
     SUMMARY 
     A summary of certain embodiments disclosed herein is set forth below. It should be understood that these aspects are presented merely to provide the reader with a brief summary of these certain embodiments and that these aspects are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Indeed, this disclosure may encompass a variety of aspects that may not be set forth below. 
     Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be useful in concurrently receiving and transmitting Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same frequency band. By way of example, an electronic device includes a transceiver configured to transmit data and to receive data over channels of a first wireless network and a second wireless network concurrently. The transceiver includes a plurality of filters configured to allow the transceiver to transmit the data and to receive the data in the same frequency band by reducing interference between signals of the first wireless network and the second wireless network. 
     Various refinements of the features noted above may exist in relation to various aspects of the present disclosure. Further features may also be incorporated in these various aspects as well. These refinements and additional features may exist individually or in any combination. For instance, various features discussed below in relation to one or more of the illustrated embodiments may be incorporated into any of the above-described aspects of the present disclosure alone or in any combination. The brief summary presented above is intended only to familiarize the reader with certain aspects and contexts of embodiments of the present disclosure without limitation to the claimed subject matter. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Various aspects of this disclosure may be better understood upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic block diagram of an electronic device including a transceiver, in accordance with an embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view of a notebook computer representing an embodiment of the electronic device of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a front view of a hand-held device representing another embodiment of the electronic device of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a front view of a desktop computer representing another embodiment of the electronic device of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a front view and side view of a wearable electronic device representing another embodiment of the electronic device of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic diagram of the transceiver included within the electronic device of  FIG. 1 , in accordance with an embodiment; 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of radio frequency (RF) front-end circuitry including a number of filters included within the transceiver of  FIG. 6 , in accordance with an embodiment; 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic diagram of the RF front-end circuitry of  FIG. 7  including the number of filters and a dedicated Bluetooth antenna, in accordance with an embodiment; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram of the RF front-end circuitry of  FIG. 7  including the number of filters, the dedicated Bluetooth antenna, and dedicated Bluetooth peripheral circuitry, in accordance with an embodiment; and 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic diagram of RF front-end circuitry including, a dedicated Bluetooth antenna and dedicated Bluetooth peripheral circuitry, in accordance with an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     One or more specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below. These described embodiments are only examples of the presently disclosed techniques. Additionally, in an effort to provide a concise description of these embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described in the specification. It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers&#39; specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure. 
     When introducing elements of various embodiments of the present disclosure, the articles “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements. Additionally, it should be understood that references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” of the present disclosure are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also incorporate the recited features. 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a transceiver and RF front-end circuitry of an electronic device that may be used to support a number of concurrent Bluetooth and Wi-Fi wireless applications that may operate in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band. In certain embodiments, the RF front-end circuitry may include, for example, a number of film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) filter RF filters (e.g., 13-channel FBAR filters) as part of the RF front-end circuitry that may allow the electronic device to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band by increasing the number of potentially non-overlapping frequency channels and allowing the RF filters (e.g., FBAR RF filters) to switch between potentially non-overlapping frequency channels when receiving and transmitting Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band. 
     Specifically, the FBAR RF filters (e.g., 13-channel FBAR RF filters), for example, may be designed and configured such that channels on which 2.4 GHz Bluetooth signals are received and/or transmitted may provide excellent OOB frequency rejection of 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signals occupying the same or a similar frequency spaces as 2.4 GHz Bluetooth signals, and vice-versa. In this way, the transceiver, and, by extension, the electronic device may be allowed to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band without utilizing time division duplexing (TDD), which may in some instances degrade the Wi-Fi data throughput and reduce the available airtime for Wi-Fi data transmission and reception. In another embodiment, the transceiver of the electronic device may include a dedicated Bluetooth antenna, and the RF front-end circuitry may include dedicated additional Bluetooth circuitry. In certain embodiments, the dedicated Bluetooth circuitry may be used to allow the transceiver and the electronic device to support, for example, up to two times the number of Bluetooth profiles and/or peripheral devices as compared to a transceiver and electronic not including the dedicated Bluetooth circuitry. 
     Still, in another embodiment, the RF front-end circuitry may not include the number of RF filters, and instead may utilize the additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry to perform a coordinated multi time division duplexing (multi-TDD) (e.g., which may reduce circuitry area cost) to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band. 
     With the foregoing in mind, a general description of suitable electronic devices that may employ a transceiver and RF front-end circuitry useful in concurrently supporting Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth applications operating in the same frequency band will be provided below. Turning first to  FIG. 1 , an electronic device  10  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include, among other things, one or more processor(s)  12 , memory  14 , nonvolatile storage  16 , a display  18  input structures  22 , an input/output (I/O) interface  24 , network interfaces  26 , a transceiver  28 , and a power source  29 . The various functional blocks shown in  FIG. 1  may include hardware elements (including circuitry), software elements (including computer code stored on a computer-readable medium) or a combination of both hardware and software elements. It should be noted that  FIG. 1  is merely one example of a particular implementation and is intended to illustrate the types of components that may be present in electronic device  10 . 
     By way of example, the electronic device  10  may represent a block diagram of the notebook computer depicted in  FIG. 2 , the handheld device depicted in  FIG. 3 , the desktop computer depicted in  FIG. 4 , the wearable electronic device depicted in  FIG. 5 , or similar devices. It should be noted that the processor(s)  12  and/or other data processing circuitry may be generally referred to herein as “data processing circuitry.” Such data processing circuitry may be embodied wholly or in part as software, firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof. Furthermore, the data processing circuitry may be a single contained processing module or may be incorporated wholly or partially within any of the other elements within the electronic device  10 . 
     In the electronic device  10  of  FIG. 1 , the processor(s)  12  and/or other data processing circuitry may be operably coupled with the memory  14  and the nonvolatile memory  16  to perform various algorithms. Such programs or instructions executed by the processor(s)  12  may be stored in any suitable article of manufacture that includes one or more tangible, computer-readable media at least collectively storing the instructions or routines, such as the memory  14  and the nonvolatile storage  16 . The memory  14  and the nonvolatile storage  16  may include any suitable articles of manufacture for storing data and executable instructions, such as random-access memory, read-only memory, rewritable flash memory, hard drives, and optical discs. Also, programs (e.g., an operating system) encoded on such a computer program product may also include instructions that may be executed by the processor(s)  12  to enable the electronic device  10  to provide various functionalities. 
     In certain embodiments, the display  18  may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), which may allow users to view images generated on the electronic device  10 . In some embodiments, the display  18  may include a touch screen, which may allow users to interact with a user interface of the electronic device  10 . Furthermore, it should be appreciated that, in some embodiments, the display  18  may include one or more organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays, or some combination of LCD panels and OLED panels. 
     The input structures  22  of the electronic device  10  may enable a user to interact with the electronic device  10  (e.g., pressing a button to increase or decrease a volume level). The I/O interface  24  may enable electronic device  10  to interface with various other electronic devices, as may the network interfaces  26 . The network interfaces  26  may include, for example, interfaces for a personal area network (PAN), such as a Bluetooth network, for a local area network (LAN) or wireless local area network (WLAN), such as an 802.11x Wi-Fi network, and/or for a wide area network (WAN), such as a 3 rd  generation (3G) cellular network, 4 th  generation (4G) cellular network, or long term evolution (LTE) cellular network. The network interface  26  may also include interfaces for, for example, broadband fixed wireless access networks (WiMAX), mobile broadband Wireless networks (mobile WiMAX), asynchronous digital subscriber lines (e.g., ADSL, VDSL), digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) and its extension DVB Handheld (DVB-H), ultra Wideband (UWB), alternating current (AC) power lines, and so forth. 
     In certain embodiments, to allow the electronic device  10  to communicate over the aforementioned wireless networks (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMAX, mobile WiMAX, 4G, LTE, and so forth), the electronic device  10  may include a transceiver  28 . The transceiver  28  may include any circuitry the may be useful in both wirelessly receiving and wirelessly transmitting signals (e.g., data signals). Indeed, in some embodiments, as will be further appreciated, the transceiver  28  may include a transmitter and a receiver combined into a single unit, or, in other embodiments, the transceiver  28  may include a transmitter separate from the receiver. For example, as noted above, the transceiver  28  may transmit and receive OFDM signals (e.g., OFDM data symbols) to support data communication in wireless applications such as, for example, PAN networks (e.g., Bluetooth), WLAN networks (e.g., 802.11x Wi-Fi), WAN networks (e.g., 3G, 4G, and LTE cellular networks), WiMAX networks, mobile WiMAX networks, ADSL and VDSL networks, DVB-T and DVB-H networks, UWB networks, and so forth. As further illustrated, the electronic device  10  may include a power source  29 . The power source  29  may include any suitable source of power, such as a rechargeable lithium polymer (Li-poly) battery and/or an alternating current (AC) power converter. 
     In certain embodiments, the electronic device  10  may take the form of a computer, a portable electronic device, a wearable electronic device, or other type of electronic device. Such computers may include computers that are generally portable (such as laptop, notebook, and tablet computers) as well as computers that are generally used in one place (such as conventional desktop computers, workstations and/or servers). In certain embodiments, the electronic device  10  in the form of a computer may be a model of a MacBook®, MacBook® Pro, MacBook Air®, iMac®, Mac® mini, or Mac Pro® available from Apple Inc. By way of example, the electronic device  10 , taking the form of a notebook computer  30 A, is illustrated in  FIG. 2  in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. The depicted computer  30 A may include a housing or enclosure  32 , a display  18 , input structures  22 , and ports of an I/O interface  24 . In one embodiment, the input structures  22  (such as a keyboard and/or touchpad) may be used to interact with the computer  30 A, such as to start, control, or operate a GUI or applications running on computer  30 A. For example, a keyboard and/or touchpad may allow a user to navigate a user interface or application interface displayed on display  18 . 
       FIG. 3  depicts a front view of a handheld device  30 B, which represents one embodiment of the electronic device  10 . The handheld device  30 B may represent, for example, a portable phone, a media player, a personal data organizer, a handheld game platform, or any combination of such devices. By way of example, the handheld device  30 B may be a tablet-sized embodiment of the electronic device  10 , which may be, for example, a model of an iPad® available from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     The handheld device  30 B may include an enclosure  36  to protect interior components from physical damage and to shield them from electromagnetic interference. The enclosure  36  may surround the display  18 , which may display indicator icons  39 . The indicator icons  38  may indicate, among other things, a cellular signal strength, Bluetooth connection, and/or battery life. The I/O interfaces  24  may open through the enclosure  36  and may include, for example, an I/O port for a hard wired connection for charging and/or content manipulation using a standard connector and protocol, such as the Lightning connector provided by Apple Inc., a universal service bus (USB), or other similar connector and protocol. 
     User input structures  22 , in combination with the display  18 , may allow a user to control the handheld device  30 B. For example, the input structures  22  may activate or deactivate the handheld device  30 B, the input structures  22  may navigate user interface to a home screen, a user-configurable application screen, and/or activate a voice-recognition feature of the handheld device  30 B, the input structures  22  may provide volume control, or may toggle between vibrate and ring modes. The input structures  22  may also include a microphone may obtain a user&#39;s voice for various voice-related features, and a speaker may enable audio playback and/or certain phone capabilities. The input structures  22  may also include a headphone input may provide a connection to external speakers and/or headphones. 
     Turning to  FIG. 4 , a computer  30 C may represent another embodiment of the electronic device  10  of  FIG. 1 . The computer  30 C may be any computer, such as a desktop computer, a server, or a notebook computer, but may also be a standalone media player or video gaming machine. By way of example, the computer  30 C may be an iMac®, a MacBook®, or other similar device by Apple Inc. It should be noted that the computer  30 C may also represent a personal computer (PC) by another manufacturer. A similar enclosure  36  may be provided to protect and enclose internal components of the computer  30 C such as the dual-layer display  18 . In certain embodiments, a user of the computer  30 C may interact with the computer  30 C using various peripheral input devices, such as the keyboard  22 A or mouse  22 B, which may connect to the computer  30 C via a wired and/or wireless I/O interface. 
     Similarly,  FIG. 5  depicts a wearable electronic device  30 D representing another embodiment of the electronic device  10  of  FIG. 1  that may be configured to operate using the techniques described herein. By way of example, the wearable electronic device  30 D, which may include input structures  42  and a wristband  43 , may be an Apple Watch® by Apple, Inc. However, in other embodiments, the wearable electronic device  30 D may include any wearable electronic device such as, for example, a wearable exercise monitoring device (e.g., pedometer, accelerometer, heart rate monitor), or other device by another manufacturer. The display  18  of the wearable electronic device  30 D may include a touch screen (e.g., LCD, OLED display, active-matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display, and so forth), which may allow users to interact with a user interface of the wearable electronic device  30 D. In addition, the input structures  42 , which may correspond to the input structure  22  described above, may allow the users to interact with the user interface of the wearable electronic device  30 D, as well. 
     Although not illustrated, it should be appreciated that, in other embodiments, the electronic device  10  may also include a digital media player and entertainment console that may be used to receive digital video data from any number of sources and stream the digital video data via a television (TV). For example, in one or more embodiments, the electronic device  10  may be an Apple TV® console available from Apple, Inc. 
     In certain embodiments, as previously noted above, each embodiment (e.g., notebook computer  30 A, handheld device  30 B, computer  30 C, and wearable electronic device  30 D) of the electronic device  10  may include a transceiver  28 , which may include RF front-end circuitry including a number of RF filters that may be used to support a number of concurrent Bluetooth and Wi-Fi wireless applications. 
     With the foregoing in mind,  FIG. 6  depicts a schematic diagram of the transceiver  28 . As illustrated, the transceiver  28  may include a transmitter  44  (e.g., transmitter path) and a receiver  46  (e.g., receiver path) coupled as part of a single unit. As depicted, the transmitter  44  may receive a signal  45  that may be initially modulated via a coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC)  48  that may, in some embodiments, be used to process individual Cartesian represented data symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) into polar amplitude and phase components. In some embodiments, the CORDIC  48  may include a digital signal processor (DSP) or other processor architecture that may be used to process the incoming signal  45 . In some embodiments, the CORDIC  48  may also communicate with a processor  50  (e.g., on-board processor) that may be used to process transmitted and/or received WLAN (e.g., Wi-Fi), cellular (e.g., LTE) signals, and/or a number of short-range communication signals (e.g., Bluetooth) signals. 
     In certain embodiments, during operation, the transmitter  44  may receive a Cartesian coordinate represented signal  45 , which may include, for example, data symbols encoded according to orthogonal I/Q vectors. Thus, when an I/Q signal is converted into an electromagnetic wave (e.g., radio frequency (RF) signal, microwave signal, millimeter wave signal), the conversion is generally linear as the I/Q may be frequency band-limited. The I/Q signals  45  may be then respectively passed to high pass filters (HPFs)  51  and  52 , which may be provided to pass the high frequency components of the I/Q signals  45  and filter out the low frequency components. As further illustrated, the I/Q signals  45  may be then respectively passed to mixers  54  and  56 , which may be used to mix (e.g., multiply or upconvert) the in-phase (I) component and the quadrature (Q) component of the I/Q signals  45 . 
     In certain embodiments, as further illustrated in  FIG. 6 , a transmitter phase lock loop (PLL-TX) or oscillator  58  may be provided to generate 90° out of phase oscillation signals by which to mix the orthogonal in-phase (I) component and the quadrature (Q) component to generate a carrier frequency and/or radio frequency (RF) signal. The in-phase (I) component and the quadrature (Q) component signals may be then recombined via a summer  62 , and then passed to a power amplifier (PA)  64  to amplify the summed signal, and to generate an electromagnetic signal (e.g., RF signal, microwave signal, millimeter wave signal) to be provided to antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  (e.g., multiple input multiple output [MIMO] antennas) for transmission. In some embodiments, the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  may be included on the same integrated chip as the transceiver  28  architecture. However, in other embodiments, the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  may be fabricated as part of a separate chip and/or circuitry that may be coupled to the other circuitry components (e.g., amplifier  64 ) of the transceiver  28 . 
     In certain embodiments, as previously noted, the transmitter  44  may be coupled together with the receiver  46 . Thus, as illustrated, the transceiver  28  may further include a transmitter/receiver (T/R) switch  69  or other circulator device, which may be useful in routing signals to be transmitted from the transmitter  44  (e.g., transmitter path) to the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  and routing signals received via the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  to the receiver  46  (e.g., receiver path). In certain embodiments, the processor  50  in conjunction with an RF front-end circuitry  70  of the transceiver  28  may be used, for example, to support a number of concurrent Bluetooth and Wi-Fi wireless applications. Indeed, in certain embodiments, as will be further appreciated with respected to  FIGS. 7-10 , the RF front-end circuitry  70  including, for example, a number of RF filters may be used to support a number of concurrent Bluetooth and Wi-Fi wireless applications that may operate in the same ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band. 
     As further depicted in  FIG. 6 , during operation, the receiver  46  may receive RF signals (e.g., LTE and/or Wi-Fi signals) detected by the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68 . For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , received signals may be received by the receiver  46 . The received signals may be then passed to a mixer  71  (e.g., downconverter) to mix (e.g., multiply) the received signals with an IF signal (e.g., 10-20 megahertz (MHz) signal) provided by a receiver phase lock loop (PLL-RX) or oscillator  72 . 
     In certain embodiments, as further illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the IF signal may be then passed to a low-pass filter  73 , and then mixer  76  that may be used to mix (e.g., downconvert a second time) with a lower IF signal generated by an oscillator  78  (e.g., numerically controlled oscillator). The oscillator  78  may include any oscillator device that may be useful in generating an analog or discrete-time and/or frequency domain (e.g., digital domain) representation of a carrier frequency signal. The IF signal may be then passed to the processor  50  to be processed and analyzed. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 7 , a detailed illustration of the RF front-end circuitry  70  is depicted. As depicted, the RF front-end circuitry  70  may include a processor  80  electrically coupled to a number of RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88 . In some embodiments, the processor  80  may include a baseband processor (BBP) or any of various devices that may be used to manage the radio processing and functions (e.g., Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signals received from, and provided to the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68 ) of the transceiver  28 . In some embodiments, the processor  80  may include a number of cores (e.g., 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency band cores)  90  (e.g., “Core0”),  92  (e.g., “Core1”),  94  (e.g., “Core2”), and  96  (e.g., “1×1”) for receiving and transmitting signal inputs and outputs from and to the RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86 . As further depicted, the processor  80  may include a Bluetooth peripheral core  98  (e.g., “BT TXRAX”) for receiving and transmitting signal inputs and outputs from and to the RF filter  88  and to one or more peripheral Bluetooth devices that may be communicatively coupled to the electronic device  10  via the transceiver  28 . As illustrated, the RF filter  88  may, in one embodiment, be coupled to the antenna  67 . However, in other embodiments, the RF filter  88  may instead be coupled to the antenna  68  or to the antenna  66 . 
     In certain embodiments, the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  may include any of various devices that may be useful in allowing desired frequencies to pass, for example, from the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  to the processor  80 , and disallowing undesired frequencies from passing from the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  to the processor  80 . For example, in certain embodiments, the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  may each include a film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) filter (e.g., free-standing membrane filter) that may be particularly useful for performing frequency band selection and coexistence (e.g., concurrent operation) between, for example, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi applications. While the present techniques may be primarily discussed with respect to FBAR filter embodiments of the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88 , it should be appreciated that, in other embodiments, the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  may include, for example, solidly mounted resonator (SMR) filters, surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters, bulk acoustic wave (BAW), or any of various other RF filter technologies that may be efficient in supporting concurrent Bluetooth and Wi-Fi applications. 
     Specifically, in certain embodiments, while receiving, the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  may be used to detect signals within a specified frequency band or channel while reducing and/or substantially eliminating interference from frequencies outside of the specified frequency band (e.g., RF blocking). While transmitting, the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  may be used to transmit signals within a specified frequency band or channel while reducing and/or substantially eliminating out-of-band (OOB) (e.g., difference between the minimal signal level of the pass frequency band and the maximum signal level in the rejection frequency band) emissions before transmitting the signals via the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68 . Indeed, by including the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  (e.g., FBAR RF filters) as part of the RF front-end circuitry  70 , the transceiver  28  may be allowed to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band without utilizing time division duplexing (TDD), which may in some instances degrade the Wi-Fi data throughput and reduce the available airtime for Wi-Fi data transmission and reception. 
     For example, in certain embodiments, the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  may transmit and receive Wi-Fi signals from and to, for example, a Wi-Fi router or other Wi-Fi “hotspot” in which the electronic device  10  may be communicatively coupled to via the transceiver  28  and the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68 . At substantially the same time, the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  may also transmit and/or receive Bluetooth signals to and from, for example, any number of various Bluetooth peripheral devices such as, for example, video game consoles and/or controllers, wireless speakers, wireless headphones, automobiles, drone devices, and/or or other electronic devices that may be part of an in-home network (e.g., mesh networking) and operating in the substantially the same frequency band (e.g., 2.4 GHz frequency band). 
     In some embodiments, the RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86  may be used primarily to filter transmitted and received Wi-Fi signals, while the RF filter  88  may be used primarily to filter transmitted and received Bluetooth signals. As illustrated, in the present embodiment, the RF filter  88  and the RF filter  84  may be each coupled to the antenna  67 , and may be isolated via a T/R switch  106 A. For example, during operation, Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth signals detected upon the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  or to be transmitted via the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  may be passed through low-pass/high-pass filters  100 ,  102 , and  104  to filter out undesirable frequency harmonics. 
     As depicted, the RF filters may, in some embodiments, include, for example, up to 13 separate frequency channels on which Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth signals may be transmitted and/or received. As previously discussed, received Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth signals may be passed by the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  in a specific frequency band while reducing interference from other frequency bands (e.g. RF blocking), and the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  may reduce OOB frequency emissions before transmitting the Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth signals. For example, in certain embodiments, the Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signals may collectively occupy a portion of the available 2.4 GHz frequency band that may include an 83 MHz bandwidth. 
     In certain embodiments, the Bluetooth signals may be allowed to “hop” (e.g., heuristically switch) between 79 different 1 MHz bandwidth channels in the available 2.4 GHz frequency band. On the other hand, the Wi-Fi signals may be centered on a single channel that may include a 22 MHz bandwidth. Indeed, when the Bluetooth signals and Wi-Fi signals are operating along the same or a very proximate frequency channel, the single 22 MHz bandwidth on which the Wi-Fi signals occupy may overlap, for example, the same frequency as 22 channels of the 1 MHz bandwidth 79 Bluetooth frequency channels. Thus, in certain embodiments, by providing the 13-channel RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  (e.g., FBAR RF filters) as part of the RF front-end circuitry  70 , the transceiver  28  may be allowed to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band by increasing the number of potentially non-overlapping frequency channels and allowing the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  (e.g., FBAR RF filters) to switch between potentially non-overlapping frequency channels when receiving and transmitting Bluetooth signals and Wi-Fi signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band. 
     For example, in certain embodiments, the RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86  (e.g., FBAR RF filters) may allow the transceiver  28  to receive and/or transmit Wi-Fi signals via channel 1 (e.g., “CH 1”) of the respective RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86  (e.g., FBAR RF filters). In such a case, channel 1 (e.g., “CH 1”) of the respective RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86  may include, for example, a 22 MHz bandwidth. Particularly, while receiving Wi-Fi signals in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  may respectively pass 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signals to low-pass/high-pass filters  100 ,  102 , and  104  and over a 22 MHz-wide frequency channel (e.g., channel “CH 1”) of the respective RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86 . The 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signals may be then passed from the respective RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86  through respective T/R switches  106 C,  106 E, and  106 G, through respective low noise amplifiers (LNAs)  110 B,  110 D,  110 F, through bandpass filters  112 , and finally to the respective cores  90 ,  92 , and  94  of the processor  80 . 
     Similarly, while transmitting Wi-Fi signals in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, the respective cores  90 ,  92 , and  94  of the processor  80  may respectively pass 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signals to bandpass filters  112  through respective LNAs  110 A,  110 C, and  110 E and over the same 22 MHz-wide frequency channel (e.g., channel “CH 1”) of the respective RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86 . The 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signals may be then transmitted via the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68 . 
     In certain embodiments, the RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86  (e.g., FBAR RF filters) may allow the transceiver  28  to receive and/or transmit 2.4 GHz Bluetooth signals via other available channels (e.g., “CH 2-CH13”) of the respective RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86  (e.g., FBAR RF filters). For example, in some embodiments, the RF filters  82 ,  84 , and  86  (e.g., FBAR RF filters) may allow 2.4 GHz Bluetooth signals to pass through, for example, channel 3 (e.g., “CH 3”), channel 8 (e.g., “CH 8”), and channel 13 (e.g., “CH 13”), or, for example, on channel 2 (e.g., “CH 2”), channel 7 (e.g., “CH 7”) and channel 12 (e.g., “CH 12”). Similarly, the RF filter  88  (e.g., FBAR RF filter) may be dedicated to only Bluetooth signals, and may thus allow the transceiver  28  to receive and/or transmit 2.4 GHz Bluetooth signals via any of the available channels (e.g., “CH 1-CH13”) of the RF filter  88 . As further depicted in  FIG. 7 , received 2.4 GHz Bluetooth signals may be passed from the RF filter  88  through T/R switches  106 L and  106 M to the Bluetooth peripheral core  98  (e.g., “BT TXRAX”) of the processor  80 . Likewise, the transmission path from the Bluetooth peripheral core  98  (e.g., “BT TXRAX”) to the RF filter  88  may include a path through a bandpass filter  112  and an LNA  108 G (e.g., 5 GHz LNA) to the RF filter  88 . 
     As previously discussed, by providing the 13-channel RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  (e.g., FBAR RF filters) as part of the RF front-end circuitry  70 , the transceiver  28  may be allowed to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band by increasing the number of potentially non-overlapping frequency channels and allowing the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  to switch between potentially non-overlapping frequency channels received and transmitted Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band. Specifically, the 13-channel RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  (e.g., FBAR RF filters) of the RF front-end circuitry  70  may be designed and configured such that channels on which 2.4 GHz Bluetooth signals are received and/or transmitted may provide excellent OOB frequency rejection of 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signals occupying the same or a similar frequency spaces as 2.4 GHz Bluetooth signals, and vice-versa. In this way, the transceiver  28  may be allowed to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band without utilizing TDD, which may in some instances degrade Wi-Fi data throughput and reduce the available airtime for Wi-Fi data transmission and reception. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 8 , which illustrates an embodiment of the RF front-end circuitry  70  including not only the dedicated RF filter  88  (e.g., FBAR filter), but also a dedicated Bluetooth antenna  114 . Particularly, the dedicated Bluetooth antenna  114  may include an additional MIMO antenna (e.g., in addition to the MIMO antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68 ) that may be used to receive and/or transmit Bluetooth signals, exclusively. For example, the dedicated Bluetooth antenna  114  may be used to communicatively couple the electronic device  10  to, for example, Bluetooth peripheral devices such as, for example, video game consoles and/or controllers, wireless speakers, wireless headphones, automobiles, drone devices, and/or or other electronic devices that may be part of an in-home network. That is, in the present embodiment, the dedicated Bluetooth antenna  114  may support specific Bluetooth profiles and applications, while the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  may be used to support Wi-Fi applications. Specifically, by providing the additional dedicated Bluetooth antenna  114 , increased isolation may be achieved between the received and/or transmitted Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signals and thereby further supporting the concurrent reception and transmission of Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band. 
       FIG. 9  illustrates an embodiment of the RF front-end circuitry  70  including the dedicated RF filter  88  (e.g., FBAR filter), the dedicated Bluetooth antenna  114 , and additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116 . In certain embodiments, the additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116 , which may include a Bluetooth specific device  118  (e.g., processor core), may be used to allow the transceiver  28 , and, by extension, the electronic device  10 , to concurrently support, for example, up to 2 times the number of Bluetooth profiles and/or peripheral devices as compared to a transceiver  28  not including additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116 . For example, in some embodiments, by including the additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116  as part of the RF front-end circuitry  70 , the transceiver  28  may be able to concurrently support up to, for example, a total of 14 Bluetooth peripheral devices. 
     As illustrated, Bluetooth signals received and/or transmitted by the additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116  may be combined or split via combiner circuitry  120  (e.g., electronic adder) with Bluetooth signals received and/or transmitted by the Bluetooth core  98  (e.g., “BT TXRAX”) of the processor  80 . In some embodiments, in addition to combining (e.g., adding) the respective outputs of the Bluetooth core  98  (e.g., “BT TXRAX”) and the dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116 , the combiner circuitry  120  may be used to provide a separation in frequency (e.g., frequency isolation) between the Bluetooth core  98  (e.g., “BT TXRAX”) and the Bluetooth specific device  118  (e.g., processor core) of the additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116  to prevent interference between the various Bluetooth profile signals. 
     In other embodiments, the additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116  may facilitate the use of TDD to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band. For example,  FIG. 10  illustrates an embodiment of the RF front-end circuitry  70  that does not include the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88 , and instead utilizes the additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116  to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the additional Bluetooth circuitry  116  of the RF front-end circuitry  70  may allow the transceiver  28  to perform a coordinated multi time division duplexing (multi-TDD) without including the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88  (e.g., which may reduce circuitry area cost). 
     For example, in the present embodiment, the antennas  66 ,  67 , and  68  may be reserved for receiving and transmitting Wi-Fi signals (e.g., separated into timeslots) while the dedicated Bluetooth antenna  114  may be reserved for receiving and transmitting Bluetooth signals. As discussed above with respect to  FIG. 9 , the additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116  may allow the transceiver  28 , and, by extension, the electronic device  10 , to concurrently support, for example, up to 2 times the number of Bluetooth profiles and/or peripheral devices as compared to a transceiver  28  not including additional dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116 . In one embodiment, the Bluetooth core  98  (e.g., “BT TXRAX”) and the dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116  may share the same time slot (e.g., by allowing frequency hopping between the Bluetooth core  98  and the dedicated Bluetooth circuitry  116 ), while the received and/or transmitted Wi-Fi signals may be separated into different timeslots. In this way, the additional Bluetooth circuitry  116  may facilitate the use of TDD to concurrently receive and transmit Wi-Fi signals and Bluetooth signals in the same 2.4 GHz frequency band (e.g., without the added area cost of the RF filters  82 ,  84 ,  86 , and  88 ). 
     The specific embodiments described above have been shown by way of example, and it should be understood that these embodiments may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms. It should be further understood that the claims are not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. 
     The techniques presented and claimed herein are referenced and applied to material objects and concrete examples of a practical nature that demonstrably improve the present technical field and, as such, are not abstract, intangible or purely theoretical. Further, if any claims appended to the end of this specification contain one or more elements designated as “means for [perform]ing [a function] . . . ” or “step for [perform]ing [a function] . . . ”, it is intended that such elements are to be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f). However, for any claims containing elements designated in any other manner, it is intended that such elements are not to be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f).

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20190204
Publication Date: 20200721
Grant Date: 20200721
Priority Date: 20160622
Inventors: LIU, HSIN-YUO
AGBOH, PETER M.
NARANG, MOHIT
SEN, INDRANIL S.
MCDONNELL, NICHOLAS M.
CHONG, CHIA YIAW
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04B1/38", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F3/68", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F2200/111", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0023", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B7/0413", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F3/68", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B7/0404", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W84/12", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/1461", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F2200/111", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F2200/451", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W4/80", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B7/0413", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W88/06", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0066", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F2200/451", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/0064", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W88/06", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03H9/171", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F3/245", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W84/12", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W4/80", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03H9/64", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0023", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/1461", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/0057", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/40", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W88/06", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/40", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/001", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F3/245", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/1469", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03H9/02007", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0066", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F3/245", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W4/80", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/1469", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W84/12", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/001", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0066", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/40", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03H9/64", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03H9/171", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/1461", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/38", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0023", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/0028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F2200/451", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F2200/111", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03F3/68", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W88/06", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03H9/02007", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B7/0413", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 60579818