PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10616387-B2
Application Number: US-201916297389-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Portable electronic device

Abstract:
Electronic devices, such as mobile communication devices, may include several enhancements and modification not found on traditional electronic devices. An electronic device can include a circuit board assembly that includes stacked layers of circuit components that are retained in a stacked configuration and operably connected to each other by retention features such as solder joints. Features can be provided for structural support and thermal mitigation. A battery assembly can accommodate nesting of other components, such as display components, within one or more recesses defined by variable thickness along different regions of the battery assemblies. The battery assembly can further provide a slim profile by including notches to accommodate the increased thickness of a pouch having folded flaps to seal a cell module of the battery assembly.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A circuit board assembly for an electronic device, the circuit board assembly comprising:
 a circuit component; 
 a first stiffener extending along a first surface of the circuit component; 
 a cover extending along a surface of the first stiffener; and 
 a second stiffener extending along a second surface of the circuit component, adjacent to the first surface, the second stiffener comprising an inner layer comprising a first metal and outer layers comprising a second metal. 
 
     
     
       2. The circuit board assembly of  claim 1 , wherein the outer layers have a higher rigidity than a rigidity of the first metal. 
     
     
       3. The circuit board assembly of  claim 1 , wherein the first metal has a higher thermal conductivity than the second metal. 
     
     
       4. The circuit board assembly of  claim 1 , wherein the second stiffener has a higher rigidity than a rigidity of the first stiffener and cover. 
     
     
       5. The circuit board assembly of  claim 1 , wherein the second stiffener is positioned on a portion of the circuit component that is not covered by the first stiffener and the cover. 
     
     
       6. The circuit board assembly of  claim 1 , wherein the first stiffener comprises the second metal. 
     
     
       7. The circuit board assembly of  claim 1 , wherein the second stiffener is adjacent to the first stiffener and the cover. 
     
     
       8. A circuit board assembly for an electronic device, the circuit board assembly comprising:
 a substrate; 
 a circuit component on the substrate; 
 a trace connected to the circuit component and extending along a surface of the substrate; and 
 multiple vias extending from the trace and forming a non-linear pathway through the substrate. 
 
     
     
       9. The circuit board assembly of  claim 8 , wherein the trace extends about an opening extending through the substrate, the opening being configured to receive a fastener to secure the circuit board assembly to a housing. 
     
     
       10. The circuit board assembly of  claim 8 , wherein each of the vias comprises segments each at a different depth away from the trace, each of the segments extending along a different axis that intersects a different portion of the trace. 
     
     
       11. The circuit board assembly of  claim 8 , wherein each of the vias extends through multiple conductive layers beneath the surface of the substrate. 
     
     
       12. The circuit board assembly of  claim 8 , wherein at least some of the vias extend outside a region of the substrate that is beneath the circuit component. 
     
     
       13. An electronic device comprising:
 a battery assembly comprising a battery circuit component having a first portion with a first thickness and a second portion with a second thickness less than the first thickness and defining a recess; and 
 a display assembly comprising a display circuit component protruding into the recess defined by the battery circuit component. 
 
     
     
       14. The battery assembly of  claim 13 , wherein the display assembly comprises a display surface that extends over an entirety of the battery assembly. 
     
     
       15. The battery assembly of  claim 13 , wherein the display circuit component is nested within a region partially surrounded by the battery circuit component. 
     
     
       16. The battery assembly of  claim 13 , wherein the display circuit component is a battery protection circuit module. 
     
     
       17. A battery assembly comprising:
 a cell module comprising a first edge and a second edge that are connected by a cell notch in the cell module; and 
 a pouch comprising a first flap folded over the first edge toward the cell module and a second flap folded over the second edge toward the cell module, the first flap and the second flap being connected to each other over the cell notch of the cell module. 
 
     
     
       18. The battery assembly of  claim 17 , wherein the cell notch is formed at an interior corner of the cell module. 
     
     
       19. The battery assembly of  claim 17 , wherein the first flap and the second flap are connected by a pouch notch that is formed over the cell notch in the cell module. 
     
     
       20. The battery assembly of  claim 17 , further comprising a tape member covering at least a portion of the first flap, the second flap, and the cell notch.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/729,943, entitled “PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE,” filed Sep. 11, 2018, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present description relates generally to an electronic device, and, more particularly, to portable electronic device (e.g., smartphone) having various features and enhancements. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Portable electronic devices are known to include a housing and a cover glass that combines with the housing to enclose components such as a circuit board, a display, and a battery. Also, portable electronic devices are known to communicate over a network server to send and receive information, as well as communicate with a network carrier to send and receive voice communication. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Certain features of the subject technology are set forth in the appended claims. However, for purpose of explanation, several embodiments of the subject technology are set forth in the following figures. 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a front isometric view of an embodiment of an electronic device, in accordance with some described embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a rear isometric view of the electronic device shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a plan view of the electronic device shown in  FIG. 1 , with the display assembly and the protective cover removed. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates a perspective view of a circuit board assembly, with an enlarged view of a solder fillet. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a perspective view of a circuit board assembly with a solder fillet. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates a perspective view of a circuit board assembly with a corner bracket. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a perspective sectional view of a circuit board assembly with a solder pin. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates a sectional view of a circuit board assembly with a via arrangement. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates another sectional view of the circuit board assembly of  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 10  illustrates a top view of a circuit board assembly with solder portions. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a top view of a circuit board assembly with merged solder portions. 
         FIG. 12  illustrates a perspective view of a circuit board assembly with a cover layer. 
         FIG. 13  illustrates a perspective view of a circuit board assembly with a clad stiffener. 
         FIG. 14  illustrates a sectional view of the clad stiffener of  FIG. 13 . 
         FIG. 15  illustrates a top view of a circuit board assembly with a plated surface. 
         FIG. 16  illustrates a sectional view of the circuit board assembly of  FIG. 15 . 
         FIG. 17  illustrates a top view of a circuit board assembly with traces. 
         FIG. 18  illustrates a sectional view of the circuit board assembly of  FIG. 17 . 
         FIG. 19  illustrates an exploded view of the protective cover and the display assembly, as well as several additional components of the electronic device (shown in  FIG. 1 ). 
         FIG. 20  illustrates an exploded view of a battery assembly. 
         FIGS. 21-24  illustrate various configurations for a battery assembly utilizing multiple battery portions. 
         FIG. 25  illustrates an adhesive area and perimeter of an electronic device for a battery assembly. 
         FIG. 26  illustrates a perspective view of a battery assembly. 
         FIG. 27  illustrates a sectional view of an electronic device with the battery assembly of  FIG. 26 . 
         FIG. 28  illustrates a perspective view of a battery assembly. 
         FIG. 29  illustrates a sectional view of an electronic device with the battery assembly of  FIG. 28 . 
         FIGS. 30-33  illustrate configurations for a battery assembly. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The detailed description set forth below is intended as a description of various implementations and is not intended to represent the only implementations in which the subject technology may be practiced. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described implementations may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive. 
     The following disclosure relates to an electronic device, such as a mobile communication device that takes the form of a smart phone or a tablet computer device. The electronic device may include several enhancements and modification not found on traditional electronic devices. 
     The electronic device can include a circuit board assembly that includes stacked layers of circuit components that are retained in a stacked configuration and operably connected to each other by retention features such as solder joints. The circuit board assembly can further include one or more stiffeners that provide structural rigidity and thermal mitigation across the assembly. The circuit board assembly can further include different arrangements for conductive pathways that facilitate targeted dissipation of heat across the assembly. 
     The electronic device may include a battery assembly that includes multiple battery components. For example, the battery assembly may include a first battery component coupled to the second battery component, with each of the first battery component and the second battery component designed to supply energy for operation components (such as integrated circuits carried by the circuit assembly, the vision system, and/or the dual camera assembly). The electronic device may include a battery assembly that has two battery portions arranged in an L-shape. 
     The battery assemblies of the electronic device can accommodate nesting of other components, such as display components, within one or more recesses defined by variable thickness along different regions of the battery assemblies. The battery assemblies can further provide a slim profile by including notches to accommodate the increased thickness of a pouch having folded tabs to seal a cell module of the battery assembly. 
     These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to  FIGS. 1-33 . However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these Figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a front isometric view of an embodiment of an electronic device  100 , in accordance with some described embodiments. In some embodiments, the electronic device  100  is a tablet computer device. In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 , the electronic device  100  is a mobile wireless communication device (a smartphone, for example). The electronic device  100  may include a band  102  that defines an outer perimeter of the electronic device  100 . The band  102  may include a metal, such as aluminum, stainless steel, or an alloy that includes at least one of aluminum or stainless steel. The band  102  may be composed of several sidewall components, such as a first sidewall component  104 , a second sidewall component  106 , a third sidewall component  108  (opposite the first sidewall component  104 ), and a fourth sidewall component (not shown in  FIG. 1 ). The aforementioned sidewall components may include any material(s) previously described for the band  102 . 
     In some instances, some of the sidewall components form part of an antenna assembly (not shown in  FIG. 1 ). As a result, a non-metal material, or materials, may separate the sidewall components of the band  102  from each other in order to electrically isolate the sidewall components. For example, a first composite material  112  separates the first sidewall component  104  from the second sidewall component  106 , and a second composite material  114  separates the second sidewall component  106  from the third sidewall component  108 . The aforementioned composite may include an electrically inert, or insulating, material(s), such as plastics and/or resin, as non-limiting examples. 
     The electronic device  100  may further include a display assembly  116  (shown as a dotted line) that is covered by a protective cover  118 . The display assembly  116  may include multiple layers (discussed below), with each layer providing a unique function. The display assembly  116  may be partially covered by a border  120 , or frame, that extends along an outer edge of the protective cover  118  and partially covers an outer edge of the display assembly  116 . The border  120  can be positioned to hide or obscure any electrical and mechanical connections between the layers of the display assembly  116  and flexible circuit connectors. This will be shown below. Also, the border  120  may include uniform thickness. For example, the border  120  may include a thickness that generally does not change in the X- and Y-dimensions. 
     Also, as shown in  FIG. 1 , the display assembly  116  may include a notch  122 , representing an absence of the display assembly  116 . The notch  122  may allow for a vision system (discussed below) that provides the electronic device  100  with information for object recognition, such as facial recognition. In this regard, the electronic device  100  may include a masking layer with openings (shown as dotted lines) designed to hide or obscure the vision system, while the openings allow the vision system provide the object recognition information. This will be further discussed below. Also, the protective cover  118  may be formed from a transparent material, such as glass, plastic, sapphire, or the like. In this regard, the protective cover  118  may be referred to as a transparent cover, a transparent protective cover, or a cover glass (when the protective cover  118  includes glass). As shown in  FIG. 1 , the protective cover  118  includes an opening  124 , which may represent a single opening of the protective cover  118 . The opening  124  may allow for transmission of acoustical energy (in the form of audible sound) into the electronic device  100 , which may be received by a microphone (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) of the electronic device  100 . Further, the opening  124  may allow for transmission of acoustical energy (in the form of audible sound) out the electronic device  100 , which may be generated by an audio module (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) of the electronic device  100 . Also, the electronic device  100  may not include a button, such as “home button,” commonly found in electronic devices, as the protective cover  118  does not include additional openings. 
     The electronic device  100  may further include a port  126  designed to receive a connector of a cable assembly. The port  126  allows the electronic device  100  to communication data information (send and receive), and also allows the electronic device  100  to receive electrical energy to charge a battery assembly (not shown in  FIG. 1 ). Accordingly, the port  126  may include terminals (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) that electrically couple to the connector. 
     Also, the electronic device  100  may include several openings. For example, the electronic device  100  may include openings  128  that allow an additional audio module (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) of the electronic device to emit acoustical energy out of the electronic device  100 . The electronic device  100  may further include openings  132  that allow an additional microphone (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) of the electronic device to receive acoustical energy. Also, the electronic device  100  may include a first fastener  134  and a second fastener  136  designed to secure with a rail (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) that is coupled to the protective cover  118 . In this regard, the first fastener  134  and the second fastener  136  are designed to couple the protective cover  118  with the band  102 . 
     The electronic device  100  may include several control inputs designed to provide a command to the electronic device  100 . For example, the electronic device  100  may include a first control input  142  and a second control input  144 . The aforementioned control inputs may be used to adjust the visual information presented on the display assembly  116  or the volume of acoustical energy output by an audio module, as non-limiting examples. The controls may include one of a switch or a button designed to generate a command to a processor circuit (not shown in  FIG. 1 ). The control inputs may at least partially extend through openings in the sidewall components. For example, the second sidewall component  106  may include an opening  146  that receives the first control input  142 . 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a rear isometric view of the electronic device  100  shown in  FIG. 1 . In addition to the aforementioned sidewall components, the band  102  may further include a fourth sidewall component  110 . As shown, a third composite material  152  separates the first sidewall component  104  from the fourth sidewall component  110 , and a fourth composite material  154  separates the fourth sidewall component  110  from the third sidewall component  108 . 
     The electronic device  100  may further include a protective cover  158  that couples with the band  102 . In this regard, the protective cover  158  may combine with the band  102  to form an enclosure of the electronic device  100 , with the enclosure (band  102  and protective cover  158 ) defining an internal volume that carries several internal components, such as a battery assembly, circuit board assembly, vision system, as non-limiting examples. The protective cover  158  may include any material(s) previously described for the protective cover  158  (shown in  FIG. 1 ). When the protective cover  158  include a non-metal material, the electronic device  100  may provide hardware (and software) to support wireless charging. For example, the electronic device  100  may include a wireless power receiving module  160  (represented by a dotted line) covered by the protective cover  158 . The wireless power receiving module  160  is designed to receive an induced current when exposed to an alternating electromagnetic field. This will be further discussed below. Also, the protective cover  118  (shown in  FIG. 1 ) may be referred to as a “front protective cover” and the protective cover  158  may be referred to as a “rear protective cover,” as the front of the electronic device  100  is generally associated with the display assembly  116  (which is covered by the protective cover  118 ), and the back of the electronic device  100  is generally associated with a rear wall, such as the protective cover  158 . 
     The electronic device  100  may further include a camera assembly  170 , which may include a dual camera assembly. As shown, the camera assembly  170  may include a first camera module  172 , a second camera module  174 , and a light emitter  176  positioned between the first camera module  172  and the second camera module  174 . The light emitter  176  is designed to provide additional lighting during an image capture event by the first camera module  172  and/or the second camera module  174 . However, it is desired to isolate some of the light “leakage” from the light emitter into the first camera module  172  and the second camera module  174 . In this regard, the camera assembly  170  may further include a trim element (not shown in  FIG. 1 ) designed to optically isolate the light emitter  176  from the first camera module  172  and the second camera module  174 . In this manner, the first camera module  172  and the second camera module  174  may only receive desired light from the light emitter  176 , such as light reflected from an object, the image of which is the first camera module  172  and/or the second camera module  174 ). The trim element will be further shown and described below. Also, the camera assembly  170  may further include a protective cover  178  formed from a transparent material that covers the first camera module  172 , the second camera module  174 , and the light emitter  176 . However, the protective cover  178  may include a masking layer (not shown in  FIG. 2 ) designed to at least partially obscure part of the first camera module  172 , the second camera module  174 , and the light emitter  176 . It should be noted, however, that the masking layer includes openings that allow the first camera module  172  and the second camera module  174  to capture images, and that allow the light emitter  176  to emit light that exits the electronic device  100 . Also, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the first camera module  172  and the second camera module  174  are aligned (collectively) in a manner that is parallel with respect to the second sidewall component  106  (shown in  FIG. 1 ) and the fourth sidewall component  110 . In other words, an imaginary line can be drawn through the first camera module  172  and the second camera module  174  that is parallel with respect the second sidewall component  106  (shown in  FIG. 1 ) and the fourth sidewall component  110 . 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a plan view of the electronic device  100  shown in  FIG. 1 , with the display assembly and the protective cover removed. The layout of several components in the internal volume. For purposes of simplicity and illustration, electrical connections, such as flexible circuit, wires, cables, etc., between internal components are removed. As shown, the electronic device  100  may include a vision system  410  and a bracket assembly  440  used to carry the vision system  410 . The vision system  410  may provide with the electronic device  100  with information related to object recognition, including facial recognition. The bracket assembly  440  is designed to maintain a fixed distance between the optical components of the vision system  410 . The features of the vision system  410  and the bracket assembly  440  will be further discussed below. 
     The electronic device  100  may further include a chassis  306  that provides structural support. The chassis  306  may include a rigid material, such as a metal. Also, the chassis  306  may be coupled to the band  102 . In this manner, the chassis  306  may also provide an electrical grounding path for components electrically coupled to the chassis. Also, the chassis  306  may include a wall  308 . The wall  308  may combine with the band  102  to surround the camera assembly  170 . The wall  308  may also limit or prevent light generated from the light emitter  176  from further entering the internal volume  300 . 
     The electronic device  100  may further include a battery assembly  310  that includes a first battery component  312  coupled with a second battery component  314  by coupling member  316 . The coupling member  316  may include an adhesive material. Both the first battery component  312  and the second battery component  314  are designed to generate electrical energy that can be used by several aforementioned components in the internal volume  300 . Also, as shown in  FIG. 3 , the battery assembly  310  resembles an L-shape, based upon the combined shape of the first battery component  312  and the second battery component  314 . 
     The shape of the battery assembly  310  may accommodate other components. For example, the electronic device  100  may further include a circuit board assembly  320 . The circuit board assembly  320  may include at least two circuit boards in a stacked configuration. The stacked configuration may conserve space in the internal volume  300 , particularly in least one of the X- and Y-dimensions, X- and Y-dimensions (as well as a Z-dimension, discussed later) referring to Cartesian coordinates. The circuit board assembly  320  may include several active components (such as integrated circuits) that provide the primary processing for the electronic device  100 . Also, similar to the battery assembly  310 , the circuit board assembly  320  may resemble an L-shape. In this manner, both the battery assembly  310  and the circuit board assembly  320  can be shaped to conserve space in the internal volume  300 . 
     The electronic device  100  may further include a dock  332  in a location corresponding to the port  126  (shown in  FIG. 1 ). The dock  332  may include terminals and other electrical connection points (not shown). The dock  332 , in conjunction with the port  126 , can receive a connector (used with a cable assembly), thereby allowing the electronic device to send and receive data transmission. Also, the dock  332  can receive electrical energy used to recharge the battery assembly  310 . 
     Moreover, the electronic device  100  may further include a wireless power receiving module  160  designed to provide electrical energy to the battery assembly  310 . The wireless power receiving module  160  may include a receiver coil (not shown in  FIG. 3 ) designed to receive an induced current by an alternating electromagnetic field generated by a transmitter coil (not shown) that is external with respect to the electronic device  100 . Also, the chassis  306  may include an opening  336  (defined by a void in the chassis  306 ) such that the chassis  306  does not impede the alternating electromagnetic field. Also, the wireless power receiving module  160  may include a shielding element  338  designed to shield at least some components in the internal volume  300  from the alternating electromagnetic field. 
     The electronic device  100  may further include an audio module  342  designed to generate acoustical energy in the form of audible sound. The electronic device  100  may further include a microphone  344  designed to receive acoustical energy. Also, the electronic device may further include several rail clips designed to receive rails secured to the protective cover  118  (shown in  FIG. 1 ). For example, the electronic device  100  may include a first rail clip  352 , a second rail clip  354 , a third rail clip  356 , and a fourth rail clip  358 . The rails designed to couple with the aforementioned rail clips will be shown below. 
     As discussed above, the circuit board assembly  320  may include at least two circuit boards in a stacked configuration. The separate circuit board layers can be structurally and functionally connected to each other during assembly and for operation within the electronic device  100 . For example, an interposer  730  can be provided with an engagement feature for coupling the circuit board layers to each other. The interposer  730  can be integrally connected to either one of the circuit board layers. The separate circuit board layers can also be disconnected from each other by applying forces to separate them. These forces can cause high stress concentrations to occur at or near the interposer  730  during separation and/or manipulation of the two separate circuit board layers. In particular, stress concentrations can be high at a juncture between the interposer  730  of one layer and a portion of another layer. Additional circuit retention features can be provided at this juncture to improve retention of the layers to each other. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , separate circuit layers can be joined together, with the interposer  730  of a first circuit layer  710  intersecting a side of a second circuit layer  720 . A solder joint and/or plating can be included to provide electrical (e.g., functional and/or operational) connectivity and mechanical (e.g., structural) support. A solder joint  750  can be provided across surfaces of both the first circuit layer  710  and the second circuit layer  720 . Either or both of the first circuit layer  710  and the second circuit layer  720  can provide plating  740 ,  742  on surfaces that face each other or intersect each other. Etching, texturing, and/or other priming can also be provided on surfaces to increase bond strength of solder joints  750 . The plating  740 ,  742  can be of a conductive metal, such as copper. 
     As shown in  FIG. 5 , another example of a solder joint is illustrated. The solder joint can form a fillet or other shape along one or more surfaces spanning portions of both the first circuit layer  710  and the second circuit layer  720 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 6 , a corner bracket can be provided along one or more surfaces spanning portions of both the first circuit layer  710  and the second circuit layer  720 . The corner bracket  760  can include a portion that extends along the first circuit layer  710  and a portion that extends along the second circuit layer  720 . The corner bracket  760  can be soldered to one or both of the first circuit layer  710  and the second circuit layer  720 . The corner bracket  760  can be of a material, such as metal, that facilitates bonding with solder and provides structural stiffness. The corner bracket  760  can be applied in locations where edge plating cannot be applied, for example due to space and access limitations. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , a soldered pin can be provided to secure the first circuit layer  710  and the second circuit layer  720  together. The pin  758  can extend through at least a portion of the first circuit layer  710  and at least a portion of the second circuit layer  720 . The pin  758  can include a head that protrudes from a surface of one of the layers. At an outer surface of the pin  758 , solder material can be provided. The solder-coated pin  758  can be inserted into a hole or holes of the layers, and the solder joint  750  can be heated to bond to surfaces of the first and second layers, as well as a core of the pin  758 . The length of the solder joint  750  can provide significant bonding that can be maintained against shear forces applied to the pin  758 . The core of the pin  758  can be of a material that is different from the solder material. 
     As shown in  FIG. 8 , the layers of the circuit board can be joined together by solder joints between opposing surfaces of the circuit layers. The solder joints can provide structural retention and electrical conductivity between the circuit layers. At a surface of one or both of the circuit layers, a conductive pad  716  can be provided for bonding with the solder joint. The conductive pad  716  can be susceptible to separation from the rest of its corresponding layer once bonded to the solder joint. To enhance the retention of the conductive pad  716 , multiple vias  712  can be provided between the conductive pad  716  and conductive layers  714  within the corresponding circuit layer. As shown in  FIG. 9 , multiple vias  712  can be provided along a surface of the conductive pad  716 . The vias  712  can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or more than 9 vias  712  for a corresponding conductive pad  716 . The number of vias  712  can be selected to achieve both adequate bonding strength and maintaining the integrity of the conductive pad  716 . The multiple vias  712  anchor the conductive pad  716  to the underlying conductive layers  714 . The vias  712  can be symmetrically distributed along the surface of the conductive pad  716 . The vias  712 , the conductive pad  716 , and/or the conductive layers  714  can be of a conductive metal, such as copper. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10 , solder joints can be printed along a surface of a circuit layer. It can be desirable to have a consistent height across separate solder joints. Some solder joints are larger in size (e.g., diameter) that other to achieve adequate bonding at different location. For example, first solder joints  752  may be larger at locations of mechanical stress, such as at the location of mechanical fasteners. At other regions, the second solder joints  754  may be smaller in at least one dimension (e.g., width, thickness), other than height, across the surface of a substrate. To provide consistent height across different solder joints  750 , certain solder joints can be merged together by printing a long solder joint  756  that extends across a distance that would span multiple individual solder joints. By providing a longer solder joint (e.g., longer in one dimension), the resulting height can be made to be similar to other solder joints that are larger in another dimension. As a result, the height is consistent according to a desired coupling separation between the circuit layers. 
     It can be desirable to provide structural support along a surface of a circuit assembly and to provide thermal mitigation for controlled heat distribution away from the circuit assembly. As shown in  FIG. 12 , some circuit assemblies include a stiffener  770  and a cover  778  that extend across multiple layers of the circuit board assembly  320 , including an interposer  730  of one of the layers. As discussed above, the interposer  703  can be included to provide structural support to one or more layers that are connected to each other in the vicinity of the interposer  730 . The stiffener  770  can provide strength with a rigid material, such as stainless steel. The cover  778  can provide thermal distribution with a thermally conductive material, such as graphite. The heat can be dissipated away from circuit components  780  of the circuit board assembly  320  and to other portions of the electronic device, such as the band at the outer periphery of the electronic device. However, it can be desirable to provide increased stiffness at selection locations, such as at and near the interposer  730 . It can also be desirable to control thermal distribution to adequately move heat away from the circuit board assembly  320  without directing excessive heat to the exterior of the device and to the user holding the device. 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , the first stiffener and the cover layer can be interrupted along a region of the circuit layers. For example, a clad stiffener  776  can be provided across a region that includes the interposer  730  as well as other portions of the circuit layers that are adjacent to and/or intersecting with the interposer  730 . In this region, the first stiffener  770  and the cover  778  can be absent, leaving a space that can be filled with the clad stiffener  776 , which can have a thickness that is substantially equal to the thickness of the adjacent first stiffener  770  and cover  778 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 14 , the clad stiffener  776  can include outer layers and an inner layer that provide both rigidity and thermal conductivity. For example, the outer layers can include a metal, such as stainless steel, or another material (e.g., metal) that provides higher rigidity than the rigidity of the inner layer. The inner layer can include a metal, such as aluminum or copper, another material (e.g., metal) that has higher thermal conductivity than a material of the outer layer. 
     By omitting a portion of the cover  778  (e.g., of graphite), thermal conductivity can be reduced in the region of the clad stiffener  776 . However, a desired amount of thermal conductivity can be maintained based on the relative amount and type of material provided in the inner layer. Accordingly, the thermal distribution can be controlled so that the thermal pathways more efficiently distribute heat across the entire circuit board assembly  320  before the heat emanates to the outer periphery of the device. The clad stiffener  776  can also have lower mass than would the amount of first stiffener  770  and cover  778  that is omitted from the region of the clad stiffener  776 . 
     The clad stiffener  776 , the first stiffener  770 , and/or the cover  778  can be used as a conductive layer, for example to connect portions of the circuit board assembly  320  to ground. The clad stiffener  776  can include nickel plating to facilitate soldering. Holes can be provided through the clad stiffener  776  to allow the escape of gas created during soldering, thereby reducing or eliminating bubbling at the solder joints. 
     Thermal mitigation can be provided with arrangements of vias through layers of a circuit board. As shown in  FIG. 15 , a circuit board can include one or more circuit components  780  mounted to a substrate  784  having a conductive plate  786  on a surface thereof. The circuit board can include an opening  782  (e.g., boss) or other feature for mechanical coupling to other structures of the electronic device. The opening  782  can be configured to receive a fastener or other item to secure the circuit board. Heat can be thermally conducted along the conductive plate  786  and to the opening  782 , as well as any fastener secured therein and adjacent portions of the electronic device. As shown in  FIG. 16 , vias  712  can extend from the circuit components  780  through a thickness of a substrate  784 . The vias  712  can connect to the plate  786  as well as conductive layers  714  within the substrate  784 . Where the plate  786  provides a continuous plane of conductive material and the vias  712  each provide straight thermal pathways, heat can be efficiently conducted from the circuit components  780  to other portions of the electronic device. 
     As shown in  FIG. 17 , a circuit board can also include one or more circuit components  780  mounted to a substrate  784  having one or more traces  790  printed on a surface thereof. Heat can be thermally conducted along the traces  790  and to the opening  782 , as well as any fastener secured therein and adjacent portions of the electronic device. However, the thermal pathways are more limited than with the plate  786  of  FIGS. 15 and 16 . Accordingly thermal distribution would be less efficient. As shown in  FIG. 18 , vias  712  can extend from the circuit components  780  through a thickness of a substrate  784 . The vias  712  can connect to the traces  790  as well as conductive layers  714  within the substrate  784 . Rather than straight thermal pathways through the conductive layers  714 , the vias  712  can have segments that are staggered, so that a thermal pathway is longer than a straight pathway across the thickness of the substrate  784 . Accordingly, heat can be less efficiently conducted from the circuit components  780  to other portions of the electronic device. 
     A circuit board assembly  320  can include portions that incorporate the design of  FIGS. 15 and 16 , and other portions that incorporate the design of  FIGS. 17 and 18 . For example, between circuit components  780  and an opening  782  that is relatively far from an outer periphery of the electronic device, the more efficient thermal conductivity arrangements of  FIGS. 15 and 16  can be provided. In the same circuit board assembly  320 , between circuit components  780  and another opening  782  that is relatively close to an outer periphery of the electronic device, the less efficient thermal conductivity arrangements of  FIGS. 17 and 18  can be provided. Accordingly, the thermal distribution can be controlled so that the thermal pathways more efficiently distribute heat across the entire board assembly before the heat emanates to the outer periphery of the device. 
       FIG. 19  illustrates an exploded view of the protective cover  118  and the display assembly  116 , as well as several additional components of the electronic device  100  (shown in  FIG. 1 ). As shown, the protective cover  118  may include several rails designed to secure the protective cover  118 . For example, the protective cover  118  may include a first rail  552 , a second rail  554 , a third rail  556 , and a fourth rail  558  designed to couple with the first rail clip  352 , a second rail clip  354 , a third rail clip  356 , and a fourth rail clip  358 , respectively, shown in  FIG. 3 . Also, the protective cover  118  may further include a fifth rail  562  designed to receive the first fastener  134  and the second fastener  136  (shown in  FIG. 1 ). 
     The border  120  may secure with a surface (such as an internal surface) of the protective cover  118 . In addition to the border  120  hiding or obscuring electrical and mechanical connections to the display assembly  116 , additional layers may be used to hide or obscure some features. For example, an electronic device described herein may include a masking layer  570  designed to at least partially hide or obscure the vision system  410  and the bracket assembly  440 . The masking layer  570  may include an opaque material designed to block light, including visible light, UV light, and IR light. The opaque material may include an ink material that is adhered to a surface of the protective cover  118 . Also, the masking layer  570  may include an appearance, in terms of color and reflectivity, designed to match that of the border  120 . For example, when the border  120  includes a black or white appearance (as non-limiting examples), the masking layer  570  may include a black or white appearance, respectively. 
     In order to allow the vision system  410  to provide object recognition, the masking layer  570  may include several openings (not labeled). However, at least some of the openings may be covered or filled by a material that is semi-opaque. For example, an electronic device described herein may include a layer  572  that covers an opening of the masking layer  570 , a layer  574  that covers an additional opening of the masking layer  570 , and a layer  576  that covers an additional opening of the masking layer  570 . In some embodiments, the layer  572 , the layer  574 , and the layer  576  include an appearance, in terms of color and/or reflectivity, similar to that of the masking layer  570  (and accordingly, an appearance, in terms of color and/or reflectivity, similar to that of the border  120 ). However, the layer  572 , the layer  574 , and the layer  576  may be designed to filter out some light in some frequencies while selectively transmitting light in other frequencies. For example, the layer  572 , the layer  574 , and the layer  576  may block visible light (as well as other light), and allow IR light to permeate. As a result, the layer  572 , the layer  574 , and the layer  576  may be referred to as visible light filters. The layer  572 , the layer  574 , and the layer  576  may cover components of the vision system  410  designed to transmit/emit IR light or receive IR light. A light module  624  may also be aligned with a visible light filter. 
     Further, an electronic device described herein may include a layer  578  that covers an additional opening of the masking layer  570 , and a layer  582  that covers an additional opening of the masking layer  570 . In some embodiments, the layer  578  and the layer  582  include an appearance, in terms of color and/or reflectivity, similar to that of the masking layer  570  (and accordingly, an appearance, in terms of color and/or reflectivity, similar to that of the border  120 ). However, the layer  578  and the layer  582  may be designed to filter out some light in some frequencies while selectively transmitting light in other frequencies. For example, the layer  578  and the layer  582  may block IR light (as well as other light), and allow visible light to permeate. As a result, the layer  578  and the layer  582  may be referred to as IR light filters. The layer  578  and the layer  582  may cover components of the vision system  410  designed to receive visible light. An ambient light sensor  626  may also be aligned with an IR light filter. 
     In some instances, the bracket assembly  440  and the vision system  410  are not affixed in the electronic device  100  (shown in  FIG. 1 ). Rather, the bracket assembly  440  (along with the vision system  410 ) may be placed in the internal volume  300  and are allowed to generally move freely with respect to, for example, the chassis  306  and the band  102 . However, as the protective cover  118  is coupled with the band  102  (by way of the rails securing with the rail clips), the position of the bracket assembly  440  and the vision system  410  can be adjusted to a desired location in the internal volume  300 , and compressive forces can retain the bracket assembly  440  and the vision system  410  in a desired location. 
     In this regard, an electronic device described herein may include an alignment module  610  that is coupled with the protective cover  118 . In some instances, the masking layer  570 , along with the light filter layers described above, is positioned between the protective cover  118  and the alignment module  610 . The alignment module  610  may be coupled with the protective cover  118  in a location such when the protective cover  118  is assembled with the enclosure (or with the remaining portion of an electronic device), the alignment module  610  guides the modules of the vision system  410  such that the modules align with a desired light filter layer described above. This will be further shown and discussed below. 
     An electronic device described herein may further include an audio module  622  designed to generate acoustical energy. The audio module  622  may be seated on the alignment module  610  such that the audio module  622  is aligned with the opening  124  of the protective cover  118 . An electronic device described herein may further include a light module  624  designed to generate light, such as IR light. The light module  624  may be used in conjunction with the vision system  410 . For example, the light module  624  may provide additional IR light under conditions of relatively low light. The alignment module  610  may align the light module  624 . An electronic device described herein may further include an ambient light sensor  626  designed to detect an amount of light external with respect to the electronic device. In some instances, the ambient light sensor  626  provides light conditions (such as low-light conditions) that can be used to activate the light module  624 . The alignment module  610  may include a rail  628  used to align the ambient light sensor  626 . Also, an electronic device described herein may further include a microphone  632  designed to receive acoustical energy. The microphone  632  may be at least partially aligned with the opening  124  of the protective cover  118 . 
     The notch  122  (in the display assembly  116 ) is used to accommodate the alignment module  610 , as well as the vision system  410 . Also, the chassis  306  may be positioned below the display assembly  116  (in the Z-dimension). Accordingly, the chassis  306  may provide support to the display assembly  116  as well as other components. 
       FIG. 20  illustrates an exploded view of an embodiment of a battery assembly  1100 , in accordance with some described embodiments. The battery assembly  1100  is designed for use as an internal power supply for electronic devices described herein. The battery assembly  1100  may include a rechargeable battery assembly that is charged and recharged by an external power supply using, for example, the port  126  (shown in  FIG. 1 ) to receive power from cable and connector, or a wireless charging system. 
     As shown, the battery assembly  1100  may include first battery component  1102  and a second battery component  1104  coupled to the first battery component  1102  by a coupling member  1106 . The coupling member  1106  may include an adhesive material. 
     The first battery component  1102  may include first housing component  1112  and a second housing component  1122 , with the first housing component  1112  sealed with the second housing component  1122  forming a housing, or enclosure, that shields the internal components of the battery assembly  1100 . The housing formed by the first housing component  1112  and the second housing component  1122  may define a cavity to receive and enclose internal components. For example, the battery assembly  1100  may further include a first electrode  1116  and a second electrode  1118  separate from the first electrode  1116  (such that each of the first electrode  1116  and the second electrode  1118  include a single piece electrode), with a separator  1120  that provides some physical isolation between the first electrode  1116  and the second electrode  1118 , while still allowing the flow of electrical charge between the first electrode  1116  and the second electrode  1118 . As commonly known in the art for a battery, one of the first electrode  1116  and the second electrode  1118  includes an anode, while the remaining electrode (of the first electrode  1116  and the second electrode  1118 ) includes a cathode. Also, as commonly known, electrodes can be used to convert chemical energy into electricity for use by an electronic device (such as the electronic device  100 , shown in  FIG. 1 ). Similarly, the second battery component  1104  may include electrodes  1126 ,  1128 , and a separator  1120 . 
       FIG. 21  illustrates a plan view of the battery assembly  1100  shown in  FIG. 20 , showing the first battery component  1102  coupled with the second battery component  1104  by the coupling member  1106 . While traditional battery electrodes include a generally rectilinear shape, the electrodes in the battery assembly  1100 , and battery assemblies described herein, may include different shapes. For example, the battery assembly  1100 , when assembled, may resemble an “L-shaped configuration” in which the combination of the first battery component  1102  and the second battery component  1104  includes at least one surface of the battery assembly  1100  include six different sides. Although not shown, the battery assembly  1100  may further include a circuit board that includes one or more circuits designed to monitor electrical current flowing into and out of the battery assembly  1100 . Also, the circuit board, as well as components of the circuit board, may be in electrical communication with the circuit board assembly. 
     As shown in  FIG. 21 , the system includes a battery assembly  1100  having a rectilinear shape that differs in at least two-dimensions (e.g., length and width). For example, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, the battery assembly  1100  has an L-shape having a first portion  1102  extending away from a second portion  1104 . The shapes of the first and second portions  1102 ,  1104  allow the battery assembly  1100  to maximize volume within the device while still allowing space for adjacent components. For example, a circuit board (or any other suitable component) can be positioned adjacent the battery assembly  1100 , and the first and second portions  1102 ,  1104  of the battery assembly can extend or wrap around the component(s) to fill the space. In other embodiments, the battery assembly  1100  can have other shapes and configurations, for example extending in different directions or filling other spaces two-dimensionally. In still further embodiments, the portions of the battery assembly  1100  can vary in shape in a third dimension (e.g., height). 
     In some embodiments, battery assembly  1100  is a single cell battery having the first and second portions  1102 ,  1104 . In other embodiments, however, the first and second portions  1102 ,  1104  can be discrete or separate battery cells that are positioned adjacent to each other and electrically and functionally coupled to each other. For example, the first and second portions  1102 ,  1104  can individually be rectangular in shape, but the combination of the first and second portions  1102 ,  1104  adjacent to each other forms the two-dimensional battery system  1100  as shown in  FIGS. 21-24 . In further embodiments the battery assembly  1100  can include any number of discrete battery cells or portions that are positioned adjacent each other. In still further embodiments, discrete battery cells or portions can be spaced apart from each other. 
       FIGS. 22-24  illustrate various embodiments of a battery assembly that may be incorporated into an electronic device described herein.  FIG. 22  illustrates a plan view of an alternate embodiment of a battery assembly  1200 , showing a first battery component  1202  coupled with a second battery component  1204  along a central location of the first battery component  1204 , in accordance with some described embodiments. As shown, a coupling member  1206  can be used to secure the first battery component  1202  with the second battery component  1204 .  FIG. 22  exemplifies that the second battery component  1204  may be located in different positions relative to the first battery component  1202 , making the battery assembly  1220  “flexible.” In other words, the battery assembly  1200  may be reconfigured to form different shapes in order to accommodate other internal component of an electronic device, and avoid engineering design changes to the layout of the internal components of the electronic device. 
       FIG. 23  illustrates a plan view of an alternate embodiment of a battery assembly  1300 , showing the battery assembly  1300  having a housing formed from a unitary body, in accordance with some described embodiments. As shown, the battery assembly  1300  may include a first battery component  1302  and a second battery component  1304 , both of which are housed in the unitary housing of the battery assembly  1300 . This may reduce the total number of parts, thereby reducing manufacturing time of the battery assembly  1300 . 
       FIG. 24  illustrates a plan view of an alternate embodiment of a battery assembly  1400 , showing the battery assembly  1400  having a housing formed from a unitary body and battery component  1402  positioned in the unitary housing, in accordance with some described embodiments. The battery component  1402  may take on a similar shape as that of the battery assembly  1400 . Accordingly, the battery component  1402  may resemble an “L-shape”. 
     Due to the component density inside the device, securely attaching a large battery assembly can be challenging. For example, other components can take up space that would otherwise be used for attaching the battery system within the device. For example, an inductive charging coil may reduce the surface area that is available to attach each of the first and second battery portions to a support or carrier. Accordingly, embodiments for attaching the battery system  1500  are shown in  FIG. 25 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 25 , and for embodiments with adjacent but discrete battery portions, the battery system  1500  includes a first attachment area  1502  for attaching the first battery portion to a carrier  1501 , and a second attachment area  1504  for attaching the second battery portion to the carrier  1501 . The battery system  1500  also includes a third attachment area  1506  for attaching the first battery portion to the to the second battery portion. Accordingly, and as described in detail below, a first surface of each battery portion can independently be attached to the carrier  1501 . A second surface of each battery portion can be attached together with an additional adhesive. Therefore, one side of each battery portion is independently attached to the carrier  1501 , and an opposite side of the first battery portion is coupled directly to the first side of the second battery portion. 
     The first and second attachment areas  1502 ,  1504  can each include one or more pieces of adhesive to attach the first side of the corresponding battery portion to the carrier  1501 . The adhesive can be any suitable adhesive for securing the battery system  1500  in the device. In some embodiments, for example, the adhesive can include multiple strips or segments of stretch release adhesive (e.g., adhesive that changes dimension in a first direction and therefore releases when the adhesive is pulled in s second direction (e.g., perpendicular direction) different the first direction. The attachment areas ( 1502  and  1504 ) may be surrounded by a perimeter frame or shim  1508 , thus surrounding the attached battery cells. The perimeter frame may extend upward to a distance at or greater than the height of the battery cells so as to prevent other components from contacting the battery cells. In some embodiments, the first battery portion and the second battery portion are a single unit not requiring attachment between the two battery portions (e.g., no attachment at  1506 ). In such embodiments, the battery system  1500  may operate as a battery system with separate battery portions (e.g., separated battery cells). Furthermore, the battery system may be configured as a single battery cell that forms an L-shape, rather than attaching two battery cells together to attain the L-shape (e.g., a single battery cell is shaped and contained within the case of the battery). 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 26-29 , components of the electronic device can be arranged to nest within each other when the device is assembled. As shown in  FIG. 26 , the battery assembly  310  can include a battery protection circuit module (“PCM”)  810  (e.g., battery circuit component) that controls charge states of the battery. The battery PCM  810  can be located at a side or end of the battery pack seal  812  and have a generally elongated shape that conforms to an adjacent portion of the battery assembly  310 . The battery PCM  810  and the battery assembly  310  can have similar dimensions in height, length, and/or width. As shown in  FIG. 27 , the display assembly can include a display flex  818  and a display circuit component  816  (e.g., integrated circuit) on an interior side of the display  820 . When the electronic device is assembled, the display circuit component  816  can be located so that it nests within a space that is to one side of the battery assembly  310  and overlapping with another component, such as a speaker occupying a volume of space within the electronic device. The battery assembly  310  can include one or more tabs  814  for electrically, functionally, and operatively connecting the battery PCM  810  to the circuit board assembly of the electronic device. As shown in  FIG. 27 , the tabs  814  can be symmetrically positioned across a center region of the battery PCM  810 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 28 , the battery assembly  310  can include a battery PCM  810  similar to that described above, but that is reduced in size and provides a recess  822 . At the recess  822 , the battery PCM  810  can have a height that is less than a height of the battery assembly  310 . As shown in  FIG. 29 , the display assembly can include a display flex  818  and a display integrated circuit (“IC”)  816  on an interior side of the display  820 . When the electronic device is assembled, the display circuit component  816  can be located so that it nests within the recess  822  of the battery PCM  810 , and it therefore overlapping with a portion of the battery PCM  810  and displaced to a side of other components, such as an audio module  342  (e.g., speaker). The audio module  342  can therefore occupy a greater volume of space within the electronic device. Additionally or alternatively, the space can be occupied by other components. As shown in  FIG. 29 , the tabs  814  can also be shifted to be positioned to one side of the recess  822 . As such, the tabs  814  can be asymmetrically distributed along the side of the battery PCM  810 . The tabs  814  can be separated from each other and individually sealed to prevent ingress of substances. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 30-33 , a cell module of a battery can be contained within a pouch  830  in a manner that minimizes the thickness thereof to provide a compact battery assembly. As shown in  FIG. 30 , a cell module  802  of a battery assembly  310  can be provided in a generally L-shaped geometry. Edges  804   a  and  804   b  of the cell module  802  can intersect at or near an interior corner of the cell module  802 . At the interior corner a cell notch  824  can be provided so that a space extends into the cell module  802  beyond the boundary defined by an extension of the edges  804   a  and  804   b.    
     As shown in  FIG. 31 , a pouch  830  can be provided about the cell module  802 . The pouch  830  can contain the anode and cathode components of the cell module  802  of the battery assembly  310 . The pouch  830  can be sealed to isolate the cell module  802  from an external environment and to prevent ingress of substances to the cell module  802 . The seal can be provided at or near the outer periphery of the pouch  830  and optionally beyond the edges of the cell module  802 . At the outer periphery of the pouch  830 , the edges thereof can define a pouch notch  840  that extends at least partially into the cell notch  824  of the cell module  802 . The pouch notch  840  provides a space that minimizes material thickness of the pouch  830  in the vicinity of the cell notch  824 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 32 , tab portions at the outer periphery of the pouch  830  can be folded back over edges  804   a  and  804   b  of the cell module to overlap with interior portions of the pouch  830 . The flaps  850   a  and  850   b  located adjacent to the pouch notch  840  of the pouch  830  and/or the cell notch  824  of the cell module can be folded in a manner that avoids or minimizes overlap of the flaps  850   a  and  850   b . Additionally or alternatively, any excessive thickness in the region of the cell notch  824  can still be within or over a thickness of the cell module by residing within or over the cell notch  824 . Accordingly, the pouch  830 , including folded flaps  850   a  and  850   b , can have a thin profile and compact assembly. 
     As shown in  FIG. 33 , one or more tape members  860  or other covering can be provided along portions of the pouch  830 , including at the location or vicinity of the cell notch and/or pouch notch  840 . The tape member  860  can provide a smooth surface along the outer sides and edges of the battery assembly  310 . The tape member  860  can match the underlying pouch  830  in color and/or surface features to appear seamless with any exposed portions of the underlying pouch  830 . 
     It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users. 
     A reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean one and only one unless specifically so stated, but rather one or more. For example, “a” module may refer to one or more modules. An element proceeded by “a,” “an,” “the,” or “said” does not, without further constraints, preclude the existence of additional same elements. 
     Headings and subheadings, if any, are used for convenience only and do not limit the invention. The word exemplary is used to mean serving as an example or illustration. To the extent that the term include, have, or the like is used, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term comprise as comprise is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Relational terms such as first and second and the like may be used to distinguish one entity or action from another without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. 
     Phrases such as an aspect, the aspect, another aspect, some aspects, one or more aspects, an implementation, the implementation, another implementation, some implementations, one or more implementations, an embodiment, the embodiment, another embodiment, some embodiments, one or more embodiments, a configuration, the configuration, another configuration, some configurations, one or more configurations, the subject technology, the disclosure, the present disclosure, other variations thereof and alike are for convenience and do not imply that a disclosure relating to such phrase(s) is essential to the subject technology or that such disclosure applies to all configurations of the subject technology. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may apply to all configurations, or one or more configurations. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may provide one or more examples. A phrase such as an aspect or some aspects may refer to one or more aspects and vice versa, and this applies similarly to other foregoing phrases. 
     A phrase “at least one of” preceding a series of items, with the terms “and” or “or” to separate any of the items, modifies the list as a whole, rather than each member of the list. The phrase “at least one of” does not require selection of at least one item; rather, the phrase allows a meaning that includes at least one of any one of the items, and/or at least one of any combination of the items, and/or at least one of each of the items. By way of example, each of the phrases “at least one of A, B, and C” or “at least one of A, B, or C” refers to only A, only B, or only C; any combination of A, B, and C; and/or at least one of each of A, B, and C. 
     It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps, operations, or processes disclosed is an illustration of exemplary approaches. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps, operations, or processes may be performed in different order. Some of the steps, operations, or processes may be performed simultaneously. The accompanying method claims, if any, present elements of the various steps, operations or processes in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented. These may be performed in serial, linearly, in parallel or in different order. It should be understood that the described instructions, operations, and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software/hardware product or packaged into multiple software/hardware products. 
     In one aspect, a term coupled or the like may refer to being directly coupled. In another aspect, a term coupled or the like may refer to being indirectly coupled. 
     Terms such as top, bottom, front, rear, side, horizontal, vertical, and the like refer to an arbitrary frame of reference, rather than to the ordinary gravitational frame of reference. Thus, such a term may extend upwardly, downwardly, diagonally, or horizontally in a gravitational frame of reference. 
     The disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. In some instances, well-known structures and magnets are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the subject technology. The disclosure provides various examples of the subject technology, and the subject technology is not limited to these examples. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the principles described herein may be applied to other aspects. 
     All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout the disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112, sixth paragraph, unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “step for”. 
     The title, background, brief description of the drawings, abstract, and drawings are hereby incorporated into the disclosure and are provided as illustrative examples of the disclosure, not as restrictive descriptions. It is submitted with the understanding that they will not be used to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the detailed description, it can be seen that the description provides illustrative examples and the various features are grouped together in various implementations for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. The method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed configuration or operation. The claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separately claimed subject matter. 
     The claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects described herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims and to encompass all legal equivalents. Notwithstanding, none of the claims are intended to embrace subject matter that fails to satisfy the requirements of the applicable patent law, nor should they be interpreted in such a way.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20190308
Publication Date: 20200407
Grant Date: 20200407
Priority Date: 20180911
Inventors: KEEN, BRYAN D.
BIGDELI, SINA
COHEN, SAWYER I.
COUNTS, WILLIAM A.
BROWNING, LUCY E.
MONACO, Devon A.
YANG, JIAN
BATES, ERIC W.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F1/1626", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1656", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1637", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1635", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04M1/0277", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01M2220/30", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K5/03", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1635", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04M1/0277", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K5/03", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1635", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04M1/0277", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04M2001/0204", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01M2/1022", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01M50/284", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01M50/247", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01M50/247", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01M50/284", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04M1/0262", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01M10/425", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "Y02E60/10", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 69720261