PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-9930725-B2
Application Number: US-201514967772-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Wireless electronic device with multiradio controller integrated circuit

Abstract:
An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. An application processor may generate wireless data that is to be transmitted using the wireless circuitry and may process wireless data that has been received using the wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include multiple baseband processors, multiple associated radios, and front-end module and antenna circuitry. Sensors may be used to provide the application processor with sensor data. During operation, the application processor and the baseband processors may be used to transmit and receive wireless communications traffic. A multiradio controller integrated circuit that does not transmit or receive the wireless communications traffic may be used in controlling the wireless circuitry based on impedance measurements, sensor data, and other information.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An electronic device, comprising:
 an application processor that generates data that is to be wirelessly transmitted and that uses data that has been wirelessly received; 
 wireless circuitry with which the application processor wirelessly transmits and receives the data; 
 a first baseband processor and a first radio in the wireless circuitry that handle wireless communications traffic in a first communications band; 
 a second baseband processor and a second radio in the wireless circuitry that handle wireless communications traffic in a second communications band; 
 a multiradio controller integrated circuit that is coupled to the wireless circuitry, the first baseband processor, the second baseband processor, the first radio, and the second radio over respective control paths, wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit does not receive wireless communications traffic; 
 an antenna; and 
 a directional coupler that is coupled to a receiver in the first radio and that is used in measuring an antenna impedance for the antenna, wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit receives the measured antenna impedance from the first radio. 
 
     
     
       2. The electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the first and second baseband processors communicate with the application processor over a digital bus and wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit is coupled to the digital bus. 
     
     
       3. The electronic device defined in  claim 2  wherein the antenna is a tunable antenna that is adjusted by the multiradio controller integrated circuit. 
     
     
       4. The electronic device defined in  claim 3  wherein the first baseband processor communicates with the first radio over a digital signal path. 
     
     
       5. The electronic device defined in  claim 4  wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit is coupled to the digital signal path. 
     
     
       6. The electronic device defined in  claim 5  further comprising a tunable front-end module that is interposed between the first radio and the tunable antenna, wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit adjusts the tunable front-end module. 
     
     
       7. The electronic device defined in  claim 4  wherein the measured antenna impedance is provided to the digital signal path from the first radio and is received by the multiradio controller integrated circuit from the digital signal path. 
     
     
       8. The electronic device defined in  claim 3  wherein the first baseband processor communicates with the first radio over an analog signal path. 
     
     
       9. The electronic device defined in  claim 8  wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit is coupled to the first baseband processor by a digital signal path. 
     
     
       10. The electronic device defined in  claim 9  wherein the measured antenna impedance is provided to the first baseband processor over the analog signal path and is received by the multiradio controller integrated circuit over the digital signal path between the multiradio controller and the first baseband processor. 
     
     
       11. The electronic device defined in  claim 1  further comprising:
 a tunable front-end module that is interposed between the first radio and the antenna. 
 
     
     
       12. The electronic device defined in  claim 11  wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit is configured to adjust the tunable front-end module. 
     
     
       13. The electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the first baseband processor comprises a cellular telephone baseband processor. 
     
     
       14. The electronic device defined in  claim 13  wherein the second baseband processor comprises a wireless local area network baseband processor. 
     
     
       15. The electronic device defined in  claim 14  wherein the antenna is a tunable antenna that is adjusted by the multiradio controller integrated circuit. 
     
     
       16. The electronic device defined in  claim 15  further comprising:
 at least one sensor, wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit adjusts the tunable antenna based at least partly on information from the sensor. 
 
     
     
       17. The electronic device defined in  claim 1  wherein the multiradio controller integrated circuit uses the directional coupler to measure an antenna impedance. 
     
     
       18. A method of operating an electronic device, the method comprising:
 with an application processor in the electronic device, wirelessly transmitting and receiving wireless data traffic using first and second baseband processors, wherein the electronic device comprises wireless circuitry coupled to the applications processor and the wireless circuitry includes first and second front-end modules and the first and second baseband processors; and 
 adjusting the wireless circuitry with a multiradio controller integrated circuit that does not transmit or receive wireless data traffic, wherein adjusting the wireless circuitry comprises adjusting the first and second front-end modules to change a filter setting of at least one antenna. 
 
     
     
       19. The method defined in  claim 18  wherein adjusting the wireless circuitry comprises adjusting the first and second baseband processors. 
     
     
       20. The method defined in  claim 19  wherein the at least one antenna is a tunable antenna and wherein adjusting the wireless circuitry comprises adjusting the tunable antenna. 
     
     
       21. The method defined in  claim 20  wherein the electronic device includes sensors that provide sensor information to the application processor and wherein adjusting the wireless circuitry comprises adjusting the tunable antenna based on the sensor information. 
     
     
       22. The method defined in  claim 18  wherein adjusting the wireless circuitry comprises:
 with the multiradio controller integrated circuit, adjusting a parameter selected from the group consisting of: a wireless transceiver output power, an antenna tuning, a front-end module tuning, and a switch that selects an antenna for use by the wireless circuitry to transmit and receive the wireless data traffic. 
 
     
     
       23. The method defined in  claim 18  further comprising:
 with the multiradio controller integrated circuit, measuring an antenna impedance using information gathered by a directional coupler. 
 
     
     
       24. An electronic device, comprising:
 an application processor; 
 wireless circuitry with which the application processor transmits and receives wireless communications traffic, wherein the wireless circuitry includes at least a cellular telephone baseband processor, a cellular telephone radio coupled to the cellular telephone baseband processor, a wireless local area network baseband processor, and a wireless local area network radio coupled to the wireless local area network baseband processor; 
 at least one tunable antenna with which the wireless circuitry transmits and receives the wireless communications traffic; 
 a multiradio controller integrated circuit that controls the cellular telephone baseband processor and the wireless local area network baseband processor and that does not receive or transmit the wireless communications traffic; and 
 a directional coupler with which the multiradio controller integrated circuit measures an antenna impedance. 
 
     
     
       25. The electronic device defined in  claim 24  wherein the multiradio controller tunes the at least one tunable antenna based at least partly on the measured antenna impedance.

Description:
This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application No. 62/092,729 filed on Dec. 16, 2014, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     This relates generally to electronic devices and, more particularly, to electronic devices with wireless communications circuitry. 
     Electronic devices often include wireless communications circuitry. For example, cellular telephones, computers, and other devices often contain antennas and wireless transceivers for supporting wireless communications. 
     It can be challenging to ensure that wireless communications circuitry in an electronic device will perform satisfactorily in all operating conditions. For example, the operating environment of an electronic device may affect antenna performance or the simultaneous use of two different communications bands within a device may give rise to a potential for interference. 
     These potential performance issues can be exacerbated in certain wireless communications circuit architectures. In some devices, multiple baseband processors are used each of which handles a different type of wireless communications. The operation of these different baseband processors and other wireless circuits may often be poorly coordinated. This can give rise to conflicts. For example, wireless performance may suffer if a cellular telephone baseband processor is being used to transmit and receive cellular telephone traffic while a wireless local area network baseband processor is being used to transmit and receive wireless local area network traffic. Unless care is taken, the wireless performance of an electronic device may not be satisfactory under certain operating conditions. 
     It would therefore be desirable to be able to provide improved wireless circuitry for operating electronic devices. 
     SUMMARY 
     An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. An application processor may generate wireless data that is to be transmitted using the wireless circuitry and may process wireless data that has been received using the wireless circuitry. Sensors may be used to provide the application processor with sensor data. 
     The wireless circuitry may include multiple baseband processors, multiple associated radios, and front-end module and antenna circuitry. The wireless circuitry may be coupled to the application processor. The baseband processors may be coupled to the application processor using a digital signal bus or other communications path. Digital and analog signal paths may be used to couple baseband processors and radios. Front-end module circuitry and antenna circuitry may be coupled to the radios. The front-end module circuitry and antenna circuitry may be tunable. 
     During operation, the application processor and the baseband processors may be used to transmit and receive wireless communications traffic. A multiradio controller integrated circuit that does not transmit or receive the wireless communications traffic may be used in controlling the wireless circuitry based on impedance measurements, sensor data, and other information. The multiradio controller integrated circuit may be coupled to a digital signal bus between the application processor and baseband processors and may be coupled to other portions of the wireless circuitry. The multiradio controller integrated circuit may control the baseband processors, may tune antennas and front-end modules, may adjust radio output powers, and may make other adjustments to the operating settings of the wireless circuitry to optimize wireless performance. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an illustrative electronic device with wireless communications in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of illustrative wireless communications circuitry in which a multiradio controller integrated circuit receives information from a digital bus between a baseband processor and a transceiver integrated circuit that is used in adjusting wireless circuitry in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of illustrative wireless communications circuitry in which a multiradio controller integrated circuit receives information from a baseband processor to use in adjusting wireless circuitry in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 4  is a flow chart of illustrative steps involved in operating an electronic device with a multiradio controller integrated circuit in accordance with an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     An electronic device such as electronic device  10  of  FIG. 1  may contain wireless circuitry. Device  10  may be a computing device such as a laptop computer, a computer monitor containing an embedded computer, a tablet computer, a cellular telephone, a media player, or other handheld or portable electronic device, a smaller device such as a wrist-watch device, a pendant device, a headphone or earpiece device, a device embedded in eyeglasses or other equipment worn on a user&#39;s head, or other wearable or miniature device, a television, a computer display that does not contain an embedded computer, a gaming device, a navigation device, an embedded system such as a system in which electronic equipment is mounted in a kiosk or automobile, equipment that implements the functionality of two or more of these devices, or other electronic equipment. 
     Device  10  may contain wireless circuitry  34  for communicating in one or more communications bands. Device  10  may, for example, contain wireless communications circuitry that operates in long-range communications bands such as cellular telephone bands (e.g., bands at frequencies between 700 MHz to 2800 MHz or other suitable frequencies) and wireless circuitry that operates in short-range communications bands such as the 2.4 GHz Bluetooth® band and the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz WiFi® wireless local area network bands (sometimes referred to as IEEE 802.11 bands or wireless local area network communications bands). Device  10  may also contain wireless communications circuitry for implementing near-field communications, satellite navigation system communications (e.g., global positioning system communications), or other wireless communications. 
     Device  10  may have multiple baseband processor integrated circuits such as baseband processors  18 . Each baseband processor may be used in handling a different type of wireless communications traffic. For example, a first baseband processor may be used for cellular telephone communications, a second baseband processor may be used for wireless local area network communications, a third baseband processor may be used to handle global positioning system (GPS) satellite navigation signal, a fourth baseband processor may be used to handle near-field communications, and additional baseband processors may handle additional types of wireless communications. Each baseband processor contains hardwired circuitry that accelerates wireless communications tasks (e.g., implementation of computationally intensive signal processing algorithms) that would be impractical to handle on a general purpose processor such as application processor  16 . 
     Each baseband processor may operate in conjunction with an associated wireless transceiver circuit such as one of radios  20  and an associated front-end module such as one of tunable front-end modules  22 . Antennas such as tunable antennas  24  may be used to transmit and receive wireless signals. There may be an antenna associated with each front-end module  22  and radio  20  and/or front-end circuitry and antenna circuitry may be shared between multiple baseband processors and radios. For example, switching circuitry may be interposed in the paths between radios  20  and antennas  24 . The switching circuitry (which may sometimes be referred to as port switching circuitry) may be adjusted to switch particular antennas into or out of use to optimize wireless performance. For example, the switching circuitry may route signals from a given baseband processor to either a first antenna or a second antenna. 
     Device  10  may use multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  to control the operation of wireless circuitry such as baseband processors  18 , radios  20 , tunable front-end modules  22 , and tunable antennas  24  (e.g., to adjust operating settings for processors  18 , to adjust output powers for radios  20 , to adjust tuning settings for modules  22  and antennas  24 , etc.). Multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  need not contain circuitry for handling transmitted or received wireless data traffic (i.e., controller  26  need not handle the operations associated with the wireless protocol stack or signal processing algorithms for the data traffic), as wireless communications traffic is handled by the processor resources and hardwired signal processing resources of baseband processors  18 . 
     The use of integrated circuit  26  to control wireless circuit operations for processors  18 , radios  20 , and other wireless circuitry such as modules  22  and antennas  24  helps centralize control operations that might otherwise be formed by different baseband modules without significant coordination. Because integrated circuit  26  can perform control operations in a centralized fashion, control code may be developed for integrated circuit  26  that is independent of the particular resources of any given baseband processor  18 . The may help allow baseband processors  18  to be upgraded to newer models with less disruption to the architecture and operation of device  10  than might otherwise be possible. The capabilities of integrated circuit  26  may also be used to relieve application processor  16  from processing tasks that might be difficult or impossible to execute satisfactorily implement using software running on application processor  16  (e.g., real time wireless circuit adjustments such as changes to antenna tuning, giving one radio such as a cellular radio a higher priority than another radio such as a wireless local area network radio when transmitting and receiving wireless data traffic, adjusting output powers from radios, etc.). 
     Device  10  may include input-output devices such as components  12 . Components  12  may include input-output devices that allow data to be supplied to device  10  and that allow data to be provided from device  10  to external devices. The input-output devices may include user interface devices, data port devices, and other input-output components. For example, the input-output devices may include touch screens, displays without touch sensor capabilities, buttons, joysticks, click wheels, scrolling wheels, touch pads, key pads, keyboards, microphones, cameras, buttons, speakers, status indicators, light sources, audio jacks and other audio port components, digital data port devices, light sensors, motion sensors (accelerometers), capacitance sensors, proximity sensors (e.g., a capacitive proximity sensor and/or an infrared proximity sensor), magnetic sensors, connector port sensors that determine whether a connector such as an audio jack and/or digital data connector have been inserted in a connector port in device  10 , a connector port sensor or other sensor that determines whether device  10  is mounted in a dock, a connector interface circuit or other circuitry that monitors for the presence of connectors and identifies which type of connector has been plugged in, a sensor that measures a resistor or other circuit in a connector plug that serves as an accessory identifier, other sensors for determining whether device  10  is coupled to an accessory and/or for determining what type of connector and/or other accessory is coupled to device  10 , and other sensors and input-output components. Application processor  16  and multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  may gather information from sensors and other devices in components  12  and may supply output via components  12 . 
     Application processor  16  may be a system-on-chip integrated circuit or other processor integrated circuit. Application processor  16  may be used to execute code such as operating system code and application software. During operation of device  10 , application processor  16  may use components  12  to gather input from a user, environmental sensors, and other circuits. The input may be processed by application processor  16  and suitable output data provided. The output data that is generated by application processor  16  may be presented to a user, may be transmitted over a wired communications path, or may be wirelessly transmitted using wireless circuitry  34 . Application processor  16  may also be used to process data that has been wirelessly received using wireless circuitry  34 . 
     Application processor  16  may communicate with baseband processors over respective paths  36 . Baseband processors  18  may communicate with respective radios  20  over corresponding paths  42 . Paths  36  and  42  may be digital communications buses and/or analog signal paths. Examples of digital communications buses that may be used for paths  36  and  42  include the Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIE) bus, the RF Front-End Control Interface (RFFE) bus, the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus, the Universal Serial Bus (USB) bus, a local area network (LAN) bus such as an Ethernet bus, etc. 
     Multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  may be coupled into the buses between application processor  16  and baseband processors  18  such as buses  36  using paths  38 . Multiradio controller integrated circuit may also be coupled into digital signal buses or other communications paths between baseband processors  18  and respective radios  20  using corresponding paths such as paths  44 . 
     If desired, multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  may communicate with baseband processors  18  using paths such as paths  40  (e.g., digital signal paths). Paths  40  may be coupled directly to pins on processors  18  or may be tap into digital signal bus  36  as illustrated by paths  38 . Multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  may communicate with radios  20 , tunable front-end modules  22 , and tunable antennas  24  using respective paths  46 ,  50 , and  54 . Paths such as paths  46  may each be coupled directly to a respective radio  20  or may be coupled to a bus between radio  20  and other circuitry (e.g., path  46  may be coupled to path  42  as illustrated by path  44 ). Paths  48  and  52  (e.g., transmission lines) may be used to couple radios  20  to front-end modules  22  and to couple front-end modules  22  to antennas  24 . Switching circuitry (e.g., port switches) may be coupled in paths such as paths  48  and/or  52  to allow desired antennas and front-end circuits to be switched into and out of use. 
     During operation, multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  may gather information from sensors and other components  12 , baseband processors  18 , and other wireless circuitry  34  and may use this information in determining how to adjust the controllable components of wireless circuitry  34  (e.g., how to adjust baseband processors  18  and radios  20 , how to adjust tunable front-end modules  22  and tunable antennas  24 , etc.). The wireless performance of device  10  may be characterized in advance (e.g., during testing) to determine which wireless circuit settings are optimum to use in a variety of operating environments (e.g., environments in which antennas are potentially blocked or detuned due to the presence of external objects), a variety of coexistence scenarios (i.e., scenarios in which device  10  is transmitting and/or receiving wireless traffic in multiple bands), a variety of different radio output power settings, a variety of different filter settings or other adjustable settings for front-end modules  22 , a variety of different device orientations (portrait, landscape, etc.), a variety of different connector port scenarios (e.g., scenarios in which an audio plug or other connector is or is not plugged into mating connectors in device  10 ), etc. Based on these characterization operations and based on real-time information gathered from sensors, radios, etc., multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  may make real time adjustments to wireless circuitry  34  that optimize the wireless performance of circuitry  34  (e.g., to mitigate interference effects, to retune antennas, to adjust filter settings to enhance isolation, to adjust output powers to ensure that regulatory limits on emitted radiation are satisfied, etc.). 
     As an example, consider a scenario in which it is desired to use device  10  to handle cellular telephone traffic in cellular telephone band BC 10  while handling WiFi® traffic at 2.4 GHz. Cellular telephone traffic may be handled using a cellular telephone baseband processor and wireless local area network traffic may be handled using a wireless local area network baseband processor. The third harmonic of the BC 10  band may fall in the 2.4 GHz band, which has the potential to cause undesired interference between cellular traffic and wireless local area network traffic. Using multiradio controller integrated circuit  26 , however, integrated circuit  26  can determine when the power levels and frequencies of operation of the cellular circuitry and wireless local area network circuitry might create potential interference and can act accordingly. In particular, integrated circuit  26  can take corrective action by adjusting front-end modules  22  to switch additional filtering into use, by adjusting the output powers of the cellular telephone radio and/or wireless local area network radio, by adjusting the settings of the cellular telephone and wireless local area network baseband processors, or by otherwise adjusting circuitry  34  (e.g., to increase isolation between radios, to fully or partly suppress an aggressor signal so that operations at a victim frequency are not disrupted, etc.). 
     Because multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  is available for performing control operations (e.g., operations that involve managing the settings for multiple different types of wireless communications traffic), the need for software in baseband processors  18  to control wireless circuitry  34  (e.g., tunable circuits in front-end modules  22 , antennas  24 , basebands and radios, etc.) may be reduced. Rather, integrated circuit  26  may perform control operations on the radios and other resources of circuitry  34  while taking account of the presence of multiple radios  20 . Integrated circuit  26  may, for example, reduce output powers, increase filtering, adjust data rates, activate and deactivate baseband operations, tune filters, tune antennas, switch antennas, adjust which channels or bands are being used, or may take other appropriate actions to adjust the operating settings for circuitry  34  when it is determined that both cellular band BC 10  and wireless local area network communications at 2.4 GHz will be active. 
       FIG. 2  is a diagram of an illustrative branch of wireless circuitry  34  (e.g., an illustrative baseband processor  18 , radio  20 , and associated wireless circuitry) in which communications between baseband processor  18  and radio  20  are handled using a digital bus (bus  42 ). As shown in  FIG. 2 , baseband processor  18  may have processors  60  and communications interface  62 . Processors  60  may be used in implementing upper layer communications protocols (i.e., protocols above the physical layer in the wireless protocol stack). Physical layer processing activities may be handled by hardwired circuitry in baseband processor  18  (e.g., circuitry that is configured to handle computationally intensive activities such as computationally intensive signal processing algorithms). Communications interface  62  may be used by processor  18  to support digital communications with radio  20  over digital bus  42 . During operation, radio  20  may place baseband signals from processor  18  that are to be transmitted on a desired carrier frequency band and may extract incoming signals from a carrier frequency band (i.e., signals received from antenna  24  and module  22 ) so that those extracted baseband signals can be provided to baseband processor  18 . 
     Radio  20  may have transceiver circuitry such as transceiver  68  for transmitting and receiving radio-frequency signals through front-end module  22  and antenna  24 . Front-end module  22  may contain impedance matching circuitry and filter circuitry. Antenna  24  may contain an antenna resonating element such as an inverted-F antenna resonating element, a slot antenna resonating element, a patch antenna resonating element, a loop antenna resonating element, monopole antenna structures, dipole antenna structures, near-field communications antenna structures, or other antenna structures. Module  22  and antenna  24  may contain tunable circuitry (e.g., tunable inductors, capacitors, resistors, switches, etc.). Integrated circuit  26  can tune module  22  (e.g., to tune filter circuitry and/or impedance matching circuitry) by providing control signals to the tunable circuitry of module  22  on path  50  and can tune tunable antenna  24  by providing control signals to the tunable circuitry of antenna  24  on path  54 . 
     Radio  20  may have digital-to-analog converter circuitry  64  to convert digital signals from bus  42  into corresponding analog signals to provide to transceiver  68  and may have analog-to-digital converter circuitry  66  to convert analog signals from transceiver  68  to digital signals for bus  42 . 
     Radio  20  and coupler  72  may be used in making impedance measurements (e.g., S-parameter measurements). During impedance measurements, radio  20  may transmit signals toward antenna  24 . Transmitted signals may be reflected from antenna  24 . Directional coupler  72  may be configured to tap into the transmitted and reflected signals passing between tunable front-end module  22  and tunable antenna  24  (or a coupler such as coupler  72  may be incorporated into other portions of wireless circuitry  34 ). Receiver circuitry  70  may receive signals from directional coupler  72  via path  74  (e.g., signals from transceiver  68  and/or antenna  24  depending on the state of switching circuitry in coupler  72 ). By processing the signal measurements made using receiver  70 , the impedance of antenna  24  (or other suitable portion of wireless circuitry  34 ) may be determined. The impedance measurements that are made in this way using radio  20  and coupler  72 , may be used in determining whether antenna  24  has been detuned due to the presence of external objects in the vicinity of antenna  24  or other environmental factors. 
     In general, directional couplers such as coupler  72  may be used to provide real-time impedance information on any suitable portion of wireless circuitry  34  (e.g., the impedance of a portion of antenna  24 , the impedance of a matching circuit, the impedance of a transmission line, etc.). With an arrangement of the type shown in  FIG. 2 , impedance data (e.g., S-parameter measurements for calculating antenna impedance) may be provided from receiver  70  to analog-to-digital converter circuitry  66 , which may in turn provide a corresponding digital antenna impedance output value to digital path  42  (e.g., an RFFE bus or other digital bus). This antenna impedance information may be used by baseband processor  60  and by multiradio controller integrated circuitry  26 , which receives this digital information from bus  42  using path  44  (e.g., a path that is coupled to bus  42 ). Antenna impedance information may also be provided from radio  20  to integrated circuit  26  using other signal paths. 
     With the illustrative configuration shown in  FIG. 3 , digital-to-analog converter circuitry  64  and analog-to-digital converter circuitry  66  are implemented as part of baseband processor  18  rather than radio  20  and baseband processor  18  and radio  20  communicate using analog signals conveyed over path  42 . In this situation, antenna impedance measurements from coupler  72  and receiver  70  may be conveyed to analog-to-digital converter  66  via analog path  42  and may be conveyed to multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  via path  40  between baseband processor  18  or a path such as path  38  that is coupled to bus  36  of  FIG. 1 . If desired, a mixture of configurations of the type shown in  FIG. 2  and configurations of the type shown in  FIG. 3  and, if desired, other communications path arrangements may be used by multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  in gathering information and controlling circuits in wireless circuitry  34  of  FIG. 1 . For example, path  46  of  FIG. 1  may be coupled to a communications interface in radio  20  and may be used to convey information between radio  20  and integrated circuit  26 . The configurations of  FIGS. 1 and 2  are merely illustrative. 
     Illustrative steps involved in operating a device with a multiradio controller integrated circuit are shown in  FIG. 4 . 
     At step  80 , multiradio controller integrated circuit  26  in device  10  may gather information on the operating environment of device  10  and the state of wireless circuitry  34 . Integrated circuit  26  may gather information from sensors and other components  12 , may gather information from application processor  16 , may gather antenna impedance information or other impedance information, received signal strength information, and other information on wireless performance from baseband processor  18 , may gather information from path  36  or path  42  or other path coupling the circuits of wireless circuitry  34  together, or may gather information from other portions of the circuitry of device  10 . Integrated circuit  26  may gather information on which communication band(s) are currently being used, which radio access technologies are being used, which communications frequencies (channels) are being used, which transmit power levels are being used, which timing signals are being used (e.g., timing information such as frame boundary information, clock information, trigger signal information that informs circuit  26  when to adjust power amplifiers and when to tune bands), and other information on the operation of wireless circuitry  34  (e.g., information associated with the operation of baseband processors  18 , radios  20 , etc.). Integrated circuit  26  may also gather information from sensors  12  on the operating environment of device  10  (e.g., information form a proximity sensor on the proximity of external objects to antennas  24 , information on the orientation of device  10  relative to Earth from an accelerometer, etc.). Sensor signals may be provided directly to integrated circuit  26  from sensors  12  and/or may be gathered from application processor  16  (e.g., using path  38 ). Coupler  72  and receiver  70  may be used in providing integrated circuit  26  with real time information on antenna impedance for each of the antennas in device  10 . 
     If desired, integrated circuit  26  may gather information on the status of switches in circuitry  34  (e.g., the status of switches that are used in switching desired antennas and/or antenna ports into use in circuitry  34 ). Sensors  12  may provide information on which connectors are plugged into connector ports in device  10  and other information on the presence of conductive structures (e.g., connector plugs, docking stations, etc.) that may affect wireless performance. 
     At step  82 , integrated circuit  26  may process the information gathered at step  80 . Integrated circuit  26  may, for example, apply the information gathered at step  80  to look-up tables, databases, and control algorithms developed during performance characterization and optimization operations. These operations may, for example, be used to identify optimum settings for device  10  under various different operating scenarios such as scenarios involving potential interference between radios, scenarios involving external objects in proximity to device  10 , scenarios involving different types of communications traffic, etc. The processing operations of step  82  may be used to identify optimum settings for wireless circuitry  34 . These settings may avoid interference, maximize throughput of high-priority traffic, ensure regulatory limits on emitted radiation levels are satisfied, and may otherwise ensure that device  10  operates optimally. 
     At step  84 , the optimal operating settings that were identified at step  82  may be applied to circuitry  34 . In particular, integrated circuit  26  may adjust tunable antennas  24  (e.g., to adjust the impedance of antennas  24  or parts of antennas  24 ), may adjust impedance matching circuitry and filters in tunable front-end modules  22 , may adjust tunable power amplifiers in circuitry  22  (and amplifiers in radios  20 ), may adjust switch settings to route signals between desired radio(s) and antenna(s), may adjust which radio access technologies are being used, may tune to desired communications bands, may tune to desired frequencies (communications channels) within bands, may adjust output powers for transmitted signals, may adjust transmission rates, may activate and deactivate particular communications bands, channels, and/or radios  20 , or may otherwise adjust the performance of components  12  and/or the components of wireless circuitry  34 . 
     As indicated by line  86 , the processes of  FIG. 4  may be performed continuously to ensure that device  10  is operated in an optimum fashion under a variety of different operating conditions. 
     The foregoing is merely illustrative and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The foregoing embodiments may be implemented individually or in any combination.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20151214
Publication Date: 20180327
Grant Date: 20180327
Priority Date: 20141216
Inventors: MOW MATTHEW A.
PASCOLINI MATTIA
BIEDKA THOMAS E.
HAN LIANG
TSAI MING-JU
LEE VICTOR
JUDKINS JAMES G.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04L25/0264", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/0028", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W88/06", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B17/102", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/0067", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/0053", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W84/12", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/0053", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B17/104", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/48", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B17/102", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/0053", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W88/06", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W84/042", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/401", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/3827", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/0053", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B17/104", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/3827", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B17/102", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W84/12", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W84/042", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04W88/06", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L25/0264", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L25/0264", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 56082751