PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10019142-B2
Application Number: US-201715695880-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Input device and user interface interactions

Abstract:
In some embodiments, a device displays functionality information in response to receiving an indication of a first input for which a contact meets functionality display criteria. In some embodiments, a device generates a user interface that includes a navigation bar including images from different positions in a respective content item, and a representation of an adjacent content item. In some embodiments, a device moves a selection-indicator in a user interface by a predefined amount in response to receiving an indication of a first input that meets unitary movement criteria. In some embodiments, a device interprets movement of a contact of an input based at least in part on a grip of a user. In some embodiments, a device displays a plurality of character selection options when a text entry field is not tolerant of character ambiguity and a first input corresponds to a plurality of candidate characters.

Claims:
The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A method comprising:
 at an electronic device with one or more processors and memory:
 generating a user interface for display on a display device, wherein the user interface includes a selection-indicator indicating a currently selected user interface element of a plurality of user interface elements; 
 while the user interface is displayed on the display device, receiving an indication of a first swipe input that includes a contact and movement of the contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of the electronic device or a separate input device in communication with the electronic device, wherein the movement of the contact corresponds to a respective value for a movement metric; and 
 in response to receiving the indication of the first swipe input:
 determining whether the first swipe input meets unitary-movement criteria; 
 in accordance with a determination that the first swipe input meets the unitary-movement criteria, moving the selection-indicator from the currently selected user interface element by a predefined amount to a second user interface element of the plurality of user interface elements in the user interface; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the first swipe input does not meet the unitary-movement criteria, moving the selection-indicator from the currently selected user interface element to a third user interface element of the plurality of user interface elements in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric associated with the first swipe input. 
 
 
 
     
     
       2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount in the user interface comprises moving the selection-indicator to indicate selection of an adjacent user interface element in the plurality of user interface elements. 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the unitary-movement criteria include a criterion that is met when:
 liftoff of the contact is detected within a first time period of touchdown of the contact, and 
 the movement of the contact is greater than a first movement threshold but less than a second movement threshold. 
 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 3 , wherein the first movement threshold and the second movement threshold are defined in terms of contact movement needed on the touch-sensitive surface to move the selection-indicator by a single UI element in the user interface. 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , wherein moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount, and moving the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric, both comprise moving the selection indicator in accordance with a direction of the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of navigation columns, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first navigation column to a second navigation column, adjacent to the first navigation column. 
 
     
     
       7. The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of images, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first image to a second image, adjacent to the first image. 
 
     
     
       8. The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of content items in a grid arrangement, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first content item to a second content item, adjacent to the first content item. 
 
     
     
       9. An electronic device, comprising:
 one or more processors; 
 memory; and 
 one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
 generating a user interface for display on a display device, wherein the user interface includes a selection-indicator indicating a currently selected user interface element of a plurality of user interface elements; 
 while the user interface is displayed on the display device, receiving an indication of a first swipe input that includes a contact and movement of the contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of the electronic device or a separate input device in communication with the electronic device, wherein the movement of the contact corresponds to a respective value for a movement metric; and 
 in response to receiving the indication of the first swipe input:
 determining whether the first swipe input meets unitary-movement criteria; 
 in accordance with a determination that the first swipe input meets the unitary-movement criteria, moving the selection-indicator from the currently selected user interface element by a predefined amount to a second user interface element of the plurality of user interface elements in the user interface; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the first swipe input does not meet the unitary-movement criteria, moving the selection-indicator from the currently selected user interface element to a third user interface element of the plurality of user interface elements in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric associated with the first swipe input. 
 
 
 
     
     
       10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by an electronic device with one or more processors and memory, cause the device to:
 generate a user interface for display on a display device, wherein the user interface includes a selection-indicator indicating a currently selected user interface element of a plurality of user interface elements; 
 while the user interface is displayed on the display device, receive an indication of a first swipe input that includes a contact and movement of the contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of the electronic device or a separate input device in communication with the electronic device, wherein the movement of the contact corresponds to a respective value for a movement metric; and 
 in response to receiving the indication of the first swipe input:
 determine whether the first swipe input meets unitary-movement criteria; 
 in accordance with a determination that the first swipe input meets the unitary-movement criteria, move the selection-indicator from the currently selected user interface element by a predefined amount to a second user interface element of the plurality of user interface elements in the user interface; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the first swipe input does not meet the unitary-movement criteria, move the selection-indicator from the currently selected user interface element to a third user interface element of the plurality of user interface elements in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric associated with the first swipe input. 
 
 
     
     
       11. The device of  claim 9 , wherein moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount in the user interface comprises moving the selection-indicator to indicate selection of an adjacent user interface element in the plurality of user interface elements. 
     
     
       12. The device of  claim 9 , wherein the unitary-movement criteria include a criterion that is met when:
 liftoff of the contact is detected within a first time period of touchdown of the contact, and 
 the movement of the contact is greater than a first movement threshold but less than a second movement threshold. 
 
     
     
       13. The device of  claim 12 , wherein the first movement threshold and the second movement threshold are defined in terms of contact movement needed on the touch-sensitive surface to move the selection-indicator by a single UI element in the user interface. 
     
     
       14. The device of  claim 9 , wherein moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount, and moving the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric, both comprise moving the selection indicator in accordance with a direction of the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     
     
       15. The device of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of navigation columns, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first navigation column to a second navigation column, adjacent to the first navigation column. 
 
     
     
       16. The device of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of images, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first image to a second image, adjacent to the first image. 
 
     
     
       17. The device of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of content items in a grid arrangement, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first content item to a second content item, adjacent to the first content item. 
 
     
     
       18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 10 , wherein moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount in the user interface comprises moving the selection-indicator to indicate selection of an adjacent user interface element in the plurality of user interface elements. 
     
     
       19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 10 , wherein the unitary-movement criteria include a criterion that is met when:
 liftoff of the contact is detected within a first time period of touchdown of the contact, and 
 the movement of the contact is greater than a first movement threshold but less than a second movement threshold. 
 
     
     
       20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 19 , wherein the first movement threshold and the second movement threshold are defined in terms of contact movement needed on the touch-sensitive surface to move the selection-indicator by a single UI element in the user interface. 
     
     
       21. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 10 , wherein moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount, and moving the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric, both comprise moving the selection indicator in accordance with a direction of the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     
     
       22. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 10 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of navigation columns, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first navigation column to a second navigation column, adjacent to the first navigation column. 
 
     
     
       23. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 10 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of images, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first image to a second image, adjacent to the first image. 
 
     
     
       24. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 10 , wherein:
 the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of content items in a grid arrangement, and 
 moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first content item to a second content item, adjacent to the first content item.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This Application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/749,288 (now U.S. Publication No. US-2015/0370455) filed on Jun. 24, 2015, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/016,593 filed on Jun. 24, 2014, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     This relates generally to electronic devices with which interaction is accomplished using touch-sensitive surfaces. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     User interaction with devices such as computers and other electronic computing devices has increased significantly in recent years. These devices can be devices such as computers, tablet computers, televisions, multimedia devices, and the like, and these devices can present user interfaces to users to facilitate the above interaction. 
     Interaction with the above devices can be performed using various input devices, such as touch screen displays, touch-sensitive surfaces, remote controls, mice and other input devices. Touch-sensitive surfaces and touch screen displays, in particular, have become increasingly popular input devices. Providing for robust user interface-input device interaction enhances the user&#39;s experience with the device and decreases user interaction time, which is particularly important where input devices are battery-operated. 
     SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     The embodiments described in this disclosure are directed to one or more devices that optionally display functionality information, display a content navigation bar, provide for predefined movement in a user interface in response to specified inputs, determine a user&#39;s grip of a device, and display a character recognition user interface, and one or more actions that the devices optionally perform that are related to the above. The full descriptions of the embodiments are provided in the Drawings and the Detailed Description, and it is understood that the Summary provided above does not limit the scope of the disclosure in any way. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Detailed Description below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures. 
         FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating a multifunction device with a touch-sensitive display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a multifunction device having a touch screen in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunction device with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary architecture for the device according to some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 6A-6G  illustrate exemplary ways in which functionality information is presented in a user interface in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 7A-7G  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of displaying functionality information in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 8A-8G  illustrate exemplary ways in which a content navigation bar is presented in a user interface in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 9A-9G  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of presenting a content navigation bar in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 10A-10D  illustrate exemplary ways in which an electronic device moves a cursor in a user interface by a predefined amount in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 11A-11D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of moving a cursor in a user interface by a predefined amount in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 12A-12E  illustrate exemplary ways in which inputs on a touch-sensitive surface are interpreted based on the grip of a user in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 13A-13C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of interpreting an input detected on a touch-sensitive surface based on the grip of a user in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 14A-14C  illustrate exemplary ways in which an electronic device presents a handwritten input user interface according to some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 15A-15D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of detecting handwritten input in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 16-20  are functional block diagrams of electronic devices in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description of embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which it is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments that are optionally practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments are optionally used and structural changes are optionally made without departing from the scope of the disclosed embodiments. 
     Exemplary Devices 
     Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as a mobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touch pads), are, optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a desktop computer or a television with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screen display and/or a touch pad). In some embodiments, the device does not have a touch screen display and/or a touch pad, but rather is capable of outputting display information (such as the user interfaces of the disclosure) for display on a separate display device, and capable of receiving input information from a separate input device having one or more input mechanisms (such as one or more buttons, a touch screen display and/or a touch pad). In some embodiments, the device has a display, but is capable of receiving input information from a separate input device having one or more input mechanisms (such as one or more buttons, a touch screen display and/or a touch pad). 
     In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should be understood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick. Further, as described above, it should be understood that the described electronic device, display and touch-sensitive surface are optionally distributed amongst two or more devices. Therefore, as used in this disclosure, information displayed on the electronic device or by the electronic device is optionally used to describe information outputted by the electronic device for display on a separate display device (touch-sensitive or not). Similarly, as used in this disclosure, input received on the electronic device (e.g., touch input received on a touch-sensitive surface of the electronic device) is optionally used to describe input received on a separate input device, from which the electronic device receives input information. 
     The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a workout support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, a television channel browsing application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that are executed on the device optionally use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface as well as corresponding information displayed on the device are, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the device optionally supports the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user. 
     Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable or non-portable devices with touch-sensitive displays, though the devices need not include touch-sensitive displays or displays in general, as described above.  FIG. 1A  is a block diagram illustrating portable or non-portable multifunction device  100  with touch-sensitive displays  112  in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display  112  is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and is sometimes known as or called a touch-sensitive display system. Device  100  includes memory  102  (which optionally includes one or more computer readable storage mediums), memory controller  122 , one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  120 , peripherals interface  118 , RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  106 , other input or control devices  116 , and external port  124 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more optical sensors  164 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on device  100  (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100 ). Device  100  optionally includes one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs on device  100  (e.g., generating tactile outputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100  or touchpad  355  of device  300 ). These components optionally communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  103 . 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values that includes at least four distinct values and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., a weighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are converted to an estimated force or pressure and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output” refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component (e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relative to a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user with the user&#39;s sense of touch. For example, in situations where the device or the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a user that is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of a user&#39;s hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or the component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally, interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensation such as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user&#39;s movements. As another example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a user will be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a large majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “up click,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that will generate the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user. 
     It should be appreciated that device  100  is only one example of a portable or non-portable multifunction device, and that device  100  optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG. 1A  are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. Further, the various components shown in  FIG. 1A  are optionally implemented across two or more devices; for example, a display and audio circuitry on a display device, a touch-sensitive surface on an input device, and remaining components on device  100 . In such an embodiment, device  100  optionally communicates with the display device and/or the input device to facilitate operation of the system, as described in the disclosure, and the various components described herein that relate to display and/or input remain in device  100 , or are optionally included in the display and/or input device, as appropriate. 
     Memory  102  optionally includes high-speed random access memory and optionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  102  by other components of device  100 , such as CPU  120  and the peripherals interface  118 , is, optionally, controlled by memory controller  122 . 
     Peripherals interface  118  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU  120  and memory  102 . The one or more processors  120  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  102  to perform various functions for device  100  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, peripherals interface  118 , CPU  120 , and memory controller  122  are, optionally, implemented on a single chip, such as chip  104 . In some other embodiments, they are, optionally, implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  108  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  108  optionally communicates with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , and microphone  113  provide an audio interface between a user and device  100 . Audio circuitry  110  receives audio data from peripherals interface  118 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  111 . Speaker  111  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  113  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  118  for processing. Audio data is, optionally, retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  102  and/or RF circuitry  108  by peripherals interface  118 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  110  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  212 ,  FIG. 2 ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  110  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  106  couples input/output peripherals on device  100 , such as touch screen  112  and other input control devices  116 , to peripherals interface  118 . I/O subsystem  106  optionally includes display controller  156 , optical sensor controller  158 , intensity sensor controller  159 , haptic feedback controller  161  and one or more input controllers  160  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  160  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  116 . The other input control devices  116  optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  160  are, optionally, coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  208 ,  FIG. 2 ) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  111  and/or microphone  113 . The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g.,  206 ,  FIG. 2 ). 
     Touch-sensitive display  112  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. As described above, the touch-sensitive operation and the display operation of touch-sensitive display  112  are optionally separated from each other, such that a display device is used for display purposes and a touch-sensitive surface (whether display or not) is used for input detection purposes, and the described components and functions are modified accordingly. However, for simplicity, the following description is provided with reference to a touch-sensitive display. Display controller  156  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen  112 . Touch screen  112  displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output corresponds to user-interface objects. 
     Touch screen  112  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen  112  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen  112  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  optionally detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally has a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user optionally makes contact with touch screen  112  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  100  optionally includes a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen  112  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  100  also includes power system  162  for powering the various components. Power system  162  optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable or non-portable devices. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more optical sensors  164 .  FIG. 1A  shows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller  158  in I/O subsystem  106 . Optical sensor  164  optionally includes charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor  164  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), optical sensor  164  optionally captures still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display is enabled for use as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image is, optionally, obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165 .  FIG. 1A  shows a contact intensity sensor coupled to intensity sensor controller  159  in I/O subsystem  106 . Contact intensity sensor  165  optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors  166 .  FIG. 1A  shows proximity sensor  166  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, proximity sensor  166  is coupled to input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touch screen  112  when the multifunction device is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators  167 .  FIG. 1A  shows a tactile output generator coupled to haptic feedback controller  161  in I/O subsystem  106 . Tactile output generator  167  optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices such as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on the device). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module  133  and generates tactile outputs on device  100  that are capable of being sensed by a user of device  100 . In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in/out of a surface of device  100 ) or laterally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as a surface of device  100 ). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more accelerometers  168 .  FIG. 1A  shows accelerometer  168  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, accelerometer  168  is, optionally, coupled to an input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. Device  100  optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s)  168 , a magnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  100 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  102  include operating system  126 , communication module (or set of instructions)  128 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  130 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  132 , text input module (or set of instructions)  134 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  135 , and applications (or sets of instructions)  136 . Furthermore, in some embodiments memory  102  stores device/global internal state  157 , as shown in  FIGS. 1A and 3 . Device/global internal state  157  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display  112 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and input control devices  116 ; and location information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  126  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  128  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  124  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  108  and/or external port  124 . External port  124  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the 30-pin connector used on iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices. 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects contact with touch screen  112  (in conjunction with display controller  156 ) and other touch-sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module  130  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact) determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module  130  receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  and display controller  156  detect contact on a touchpad. 
     In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device  100 ). For example, a mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of a large range of predefined thresholds values without changing the trackpad or touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjusting one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity” parameter). 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns and intensities. Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event. 
     Graphics module  132  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen  112  or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast or other visual property) of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. 
     In some embodiments, graphics module  132  stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module  132  receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller  156 . 
     Haptic feedback module  133  includes various software components for generating instructions used by tactile output generator(s)  167  to produce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device  100  in response to user interactions with device  100 . 
     Text input module  134 , which is, optionally, a component of graphics module  132 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  137 , e-mail  140 , IM  141 , browser  147 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     GPS module  135  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone  138  for use in location-based dialing, to camera  143  as picture/video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets). 
     Applications  136  optionally include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
         contacts module  137  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   telephone module  138 ;   video conferencing module  139 ;   e-mail client module  140 ;   instant messaging (IM) module  141 ;   workout support module  142 ;   camera module  143  for still and/or video images;   image management module  144 ;   browser module  147 ;   calendar module  148 ;   widget modules  149 , which optionally include one or more of: weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , dictionary widget  149 - 5 , and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   widget creator module  150  for making user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   search module  151 ;   video and music player module  152 , which is, optionally, made up of a video player module and a music player module;   notes module  153 ;   map module  154 ;   online video module  155 .       

     Examples of other applications  136  that are, optionally, stored in memory  102  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , contacts module  137  are, optionally, used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state  192  of contacts module  137  in memory  102  or memory  370 ), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  138 , video conference  139 , e-mail  140 , or IM  141 ; and so forth. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , telephone module  138  are, optionally, used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in address book  137 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , contact list  137 , and telephone module  138 , videoconferencing module  139  includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140  includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module  144 , e-mail client module  140  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  143 . 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the instant messaging module  141  includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , map module  154 , and music player module  146 , workout support module  142  includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store and transmit workout data. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and image management module  144 , camera module  143  includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  102 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory  102 . 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and camera module  143 , image management module  144  includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , browser module  147  includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , calendar module  148  includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , widget modules  149  are mini-applications that are, optionally, downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , and dictionary widget  149 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget  149 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget creator module  150  are, optionally, used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , search module  151  includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  102  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , and browser module  147 , video and music player module  152  includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch screen  112  or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ). In some embodiments, device  100  optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , notes module  153  includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , and browser module  147 , map module  154  are, optionally, used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location; and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , online video module  155  includes instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module  141 , rather than e-mail client module  140 , is used to send a link to a particular online video. 
     Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  102  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, device  100  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad (whether included in device  100  or on a separate device, such as an input device). By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device  100 , the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device  100  is, optionally, reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device  100  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that is displayed on device  100 . In some embodiments, a “menu button” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG. 1B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  (in  FIG. 1A ) or  370  ( FIG. 3 ) includes event sorter  170  (e.g., in operating system  126 ) and a respective application  136 - 1  (e.g., any of the aforementioned applications  137 - 151 ,  155 ,  380 - 390 ). 
     Event sorter  170  receives event information and determines the application  136 - 1  and application view  191  of application  136 - 1  to which to deliver the event information. Event sorter  170  includes event monitor  171  and event dispatcher module  174 . In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes application internal state  192 , which indicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch-sensitive display  112  when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device/global internal state  157  is used by event sorter  170  to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, and application internal state  192  is used by event sorter  170  to determine application views  191  to which to deliver event information. 
     In some embodiments, application internal state  192  includes additional information, such as one or more of: resume information to be used when application  136 - 1  resumes execution, user interface state information that indicates information being displayed or that is ready for display by application  136 - 1 , a state queue for enabling the user to go back to a prior state or view of application  136 - 1 , and a redo/undo queue of previous actions taken by the user. 
     Event monitor  171  receives event information from peripherals interface  118 . Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display  112 , as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface  118  transmits information it receives from I/O subsystem  106  or a sensor, such as proximity sensor  166 , accelerometer(s)  168 , and/or microphone  113  (through audio circuitry  110 ). Information that peripherals interface  118  receives from I/O subsystem  106  includes information from touch-sensitive display  112  or a touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, event monitor  171  sends requests to the peripherals interface  118  at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface  118  transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripheral interface  118  transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration). 
     In some embodiments, event sorter  170  also includes a hit view determination module  172  and/or an active event recognizer determination module  173 . 
     Hit view determination module  172  provides software procedures for determining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views, when touch-sensitive display  112  displays more than one view. Views are made up of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display. 
     Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes herein called application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) in which a touch is detected optionally correspond to programmatic levels within a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is, optionally, called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs are, optionally, determined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture. 
     Hit view determination module  172  receives information related to sub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module  172  identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which should handle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowest level view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (e.g., the first sub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determination module, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view. 
     Active event recognizer determination module  173  determines which view or views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that all views that include the physical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, and therefore determines that all actively involved views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touch sub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain as actively involved views. 
     Event dispatcher module  174  dispatches the event information to an event recognizer (e.g., event recognizer  180 ). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module  173 , event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined by active event recognizer determination module  173 . In some embodiments, event dispatcher module  174  stores in an event queue the event information, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver module  182 . 
     In some embodiments, operating system  126  includes event sorter  170 . Alternatively, application  136 - 1  includes event sorter  170 . In yet other embodiments, event sorter  170  is a stand-alone module, or a part of another module stored in memory  102 , such as contact/motion module  130 . 
     In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes a plurality of event handlers  190  and one or more application views  191 , each of which includes instructions for handling touch events that occur within a respective view of the application&#39;s user interface. Each application view  191  of the application  136 - 1  includes one or more event recognizers  180 . Typically, a respective application view  191  includes a plurality of event recognizers  180 . In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers  180  are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application  136 - 1  inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respective event handler  190  includes one or more of: data updater  176 , object updater  177 , GUI updater  178 , and/or event data  179  received from event sorter  170 . Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176 , object updater  177  or GUI updater  178  to update the application internal state  192 . Alternatively, one or more of the application views  191  includes one or more respective event handlers  190 . Also, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a respective application view  191 . 
     A respective event recognizer  180  receives event information (e.g., event data  179 ) from event sorter  170 , and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer  180  includes event receiver  182  and event comparator  184 . In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  also includes at least a subset of: metadata  183 , and event delivery instructions  188  (which optionally include sub-event delivery instructions). 
     Event receiver  182  receives event information from event sorter  170 . The event information includes information about a sub-event, for example, a touch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as location of the sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the event information optionally also includes speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation (also called device attitude) of the device. 
     Event comparator  184  compares the event information to predefined event or sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines an event or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  includes event definitions  186 . Event definitions  186  contain definitions of events (e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event  1  ( 187 - 1 ), event  2  ( 187 - 2 ), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in an event  187  include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, the definition for event  1  ( 187 - 1 ) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition for event  2  ( 187 - 2 ) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, for example, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitive display  112 , and lift-off of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers  190 . 
     In some embodiments, event definition  187  includes a definition of an event for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which user-interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view in which three user-interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display  112 , when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display  112 , event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which of the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler  190 , the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler  190  should be activated. For example, event comparator  184  selects an event handler associated with the sub-event and the object triggering the hit test. 
     In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event  187  also includes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-events does or does not correspond to the event recognizer&#39;s event type. 
     When a respective event recognizer  180  determines that the series of sub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions  186 , the respective event recognizer  180  enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other event recognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  includes metadata  183  with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively involved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  activates event handler  190  associated with an event when one or more particular sub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  delivers event information associated with the event to event handler  190 . Activating an event handler  190  is distinct from sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view. In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  throws a flag associated with the recognized event, and event handler  190  associated with the flag catches the flag and performs a predefined process. 
     In some embodiments, event delivery instructions  188  include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver event information to event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved views receive the event information and perform a predetermined process. 
     In some embodiments, data updater  176  creates and updates data used in application  136 - 1 . For example, data updater  176  updates the telephone number used in contacts module  137 , or stores a video file used in video player module  145 . In some embodiments, object updater  177  creates and updates objects used in application  136 - 1 . For example, object updater  176  creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of a user-interface object. GUI updater  178  updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater  178  prepares display information and sends it to graphics module  132  for display on a touch-sensitive display. 
     In some embodiments, event handler(s)  190  includes or has access to data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178 . In some embodiments, data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a single module of a respective application  136 - 1  or application view  191 . In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules. 
     It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding event handling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays and/or touchpads also applies to other forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices  100  with input-devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movements such as taps, drags, scrolls, etc., on touch-pads; pen stylus inputs; movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements; biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to be recognized. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a portable or non-portable multifunction device  100  having a touch screen  112  in accordance with some embodiments. As stated above, multifunction device  100  is described as having the various illustrated structures (such as touch screen  112 , speaker  111 , accelerometer  168 , microphone  113 , etc.); however, it is understood that these structures optionally reside on separate devices. For example, display-related structures (e.g., display, speaker, etc.) and/or functions optionally reside on a separate display device, input-related structures (e.g., touch-sensitive surface, microphone, accelerometer, etc.) and/or functions optionally reside on a separate input device, and remaining structures and/or functions optionally reside on multifunction device  100 . 
     The touch screen  112  optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  200 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabled to select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  202  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  203  (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward) and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with device  100 . In some implementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  204 . As described previously, menu button  204  is, optionally, used to navigate to any application  136  in a set of applications that are, optionally executed on device  100 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen  112 . 
     In one embodiment, device  100  includes touch screen  112 , menu button  204 , push button  206  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  208 , Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  210 , head set jack  212 , and docking/charging external port  124 . Push button  206  is, optionally, used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device  100  also accepts verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  113 . Device  100  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on touch screen  112  and/or one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  100 . 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. Device  300  need not include the display and the touch-sensitive surface, as described above, but rather, in some embodiments, optionally communicates with the display and the touch-sensitive surface on other devices. Additionally, device  300  need not be portable. In some embodiments, device  300  is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device (such as a television or a set-top box), a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child&#39;s learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device  300  typically includes one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  310 , one or more network or other communications interfaces  360 , memory  370 , and one or more communication buses  320  for interconnecting these components. Communication buses  320  optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communications between system components. Device  300  includes input/output (I/O) interface  330  comprising display  340 , which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface  330  also optionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)  350  and touchpad  355 , tactile output generator  357  for generating tactile outputs on device  300  (e.g., similar to tactile output generator(s)  167  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A ), sensors  359  (e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s)  165  described above with reference to  FIG. 1A ). Memory  370  includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solid state memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. Memory  370  optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from CPU(s)  310 . In some embodiments, memory  370  stores programs, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory  102  of portable or non-portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG. 1A ), or a subset thereof. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory  102  of portable or non-portable multifunction device  100 . For example, memory  370  of device  300  optionally stores drawing module  380 , presentation module  382 , word processing module  384 , website creation module  386 , disk authoring module  388 , and/or spreadsheet module  390 , while memory  102  of portable or non-portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG. 1A ) optionally does not store these modules. 
     Each of the above identified elements in  FIG. 3  are, optionally, stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the above identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing a function described above. The above identified modules or programs (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  370  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG. 3 ) with a touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., a tablet or touchpad  355 ,  FIG. 3 ) that is separate from the display  450  (e.g., touch screen display  112 ). Device  300  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors  357 ) for detecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or one or more tactile output generators  359  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  300 . 
     Although some of the examples which follow will be given with reference to inputs on touch screen display  112  (where the touch sensitive surface and the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects inputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, as shown in  FIG. 4 . In some embodiments the touch sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG. 4 ) has a primary axis (e.g.,  452  in  FIG. 4 ) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g.,  453  in  FIG. 4 ) on the display (e.g.,  450 ). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detects contacts (e.g.,  460  and  462  in  FIG. 4 ) with the touch-sensitive surface  451  at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in  FIG. 4, 460  corresponds to  468  and  462  corresponds to  470 ). In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts  460  and  462 , and movements thereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG. 4 ) are used by the device to manipulate the user interface on the display (e.g.,  450  in  FIG. 4 ) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other user interfaces described herein. 
     Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., a mouse based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detect the contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneously detected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are, optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are, optionally, used simultaneously. 
     As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad  355  in  FIG. 3  or touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 4 ) while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations that include a touch-screen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112  in  FIG. 1A ) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touch-screen display, a detected contact on the touch-screen acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected on the touch-screen display at a location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region of the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on a touch-screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with movement of focus between different regions of the user interface. Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, the focus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on a touch-screen display) that is controlled by the user so as to communicate the user&#39;s intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interface with which the user is intending to interact). For example, the location of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact or a selection box) over a respective button while a press input is detected on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicate that the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposed to other user interface elements shown on a display of the device). 
     In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations are performed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respective press input or in response to detecting the respective press input performed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), where the respective press input is detected based at least in part on detecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality of contacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective press input). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). 
     In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid accidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationship to the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensity threshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90% or some reasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press input is detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of the contact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and, optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g., the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity of the contact, depending on the circumstances). 
     For ease of explanation, the description of operations performed in response to a press input associated with a press-input intensity threshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are, optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase in intensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-input intensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensity threshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-input intensity threshold. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary architecture for the device  500  according to some embodiments of the disclosure. In the embodiment of  FIG. 5 , media content is optionally received by device  500  via network interface  502 , which is optionally a wireless or wired connection. The one or more processors  504  optionally execute any number of programs stored in memory  506  or storage, which optionally includes instructions to perform one or more of the methods and/or processes described in this disclosure. 
     In some embodiments, display controller  508  causes the various user interfaces of the disclosure to be displayed on display  500 . Further, input to device  500  is optionally provided by remote  510  via remote interface  512 , which is optionally a wireless or a wired connection. It is understood that the embodiment of  FIG. 5  is not meant to limit the features of the device of the disclosure, and that other components to facilitate other features described in the disclosure are optionally included in the architecture of  FIG. 5  as well. In some embodiments, device  500  optionally corresponds to one or more of multifunction device  100  in  FIGS. 1A and 2 , and device  300  in  FIG. 3 ; network interface  502  optionally corresponds to one or more of RF circuitry  108 , external port  124 , and peripherals interface  118  in  FIGS. 1A and 2 , and network communications interface  360  in  FIG. 3 ; processor  504  optionally corresponds to one or more of processor(s)  120  in  FIG. 1A  and CPU(s)  310  in  FIG. 3 ; display controller  508  optionally corresponds to one or more of display controller  156  in  FIG. 1A  and I/O interface  330  in  FIG. 3 ; memory  506  optionally corresponds to one or more of memory  102  in  FIG. 1A  and memory  370  in  FIG. 3 ; remote interface  512  optionally corresponds to one or more of peripherals interface  118 , and I/O subsystem  106  (and/or its components) in  FIG. 1A , and I/O interface  330  in  FIG. 3 ; remote  510  optionally corresponds to and or includes one or more of speaker  111 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , microphone  113 , optical sensor(s)  164 , contact intensity sensor(s)  165 , tactile output generator(s)  167 , other input control devices  116 , accelerometer(s)  168 , proximity sensor  166 , and I/O subsystem  106  in  FIG. 1A , and keyboard/mouse  350 , touchpad  355 , tactile output generator(s)  357 , and contact intensity sensor(s)  359  in  FIG. 3 , and touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 4 ; and display  514  optionally corresponds to one or more of touch-sensitive display system  112  in  FIGS. 1A and 2 , display  340  in  FIG. 3 , and display  450  in  FIG. 4 . 
     User Interfaces And Associated Processes 
     Display of Functionality Information 
     In circumstances where a user interacts with an electronic device using an input device, such as a touch-sensitive surface, it can be beneficial to the user&#39;s experience for the electronic device to provide the user with information about functionalities (“functionality information”) that may be accessible from the input device. This can be particularly true in circumstances in which the input device itself contains no visible information about such functionalities—for example, a touch-sensitive surface having a blank, uniform surface. The embodiments described below provide ways to present such functionality information. Enhancing interactions with a device reduces the amount of time needed by a user to perform operations, and thus reduces the power usage of the device and increases battery life for battery-powered devices. 
     It is understood that people use devices. When a person uses a device, that person is optionally referred to as a user of the device. Thus, in this disclosure, references to a “person” or “people” are optionally interchangeable with references to a “user” or “users”, and references to a “user” or “users” are optionally interchangeable with references to a “person” or “people”. 
       FIGS. 6A-6G  illustrate exemplary ways in which functionality information is presented in a user interface in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. The embodiments in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes described with reference to  FIGS. 7A-7G . 
       FIG. 6A  illustrates exemplary display  450  and touch-sensitive surface  451 . Display  450  (e.g., a television or other display device) and touch-sensitive surface  451  are optionally integrated with and/or otherwise in communication with a device such as device  500  as described above with reference to  FIG. 5 —for example, a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device. Display  450  optionally displays one or more user interfaces that include various content. Touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally includes a plurality of predefined regions  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  610 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 , and  618 . In some embodiments, one or more of predefined regions  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  610 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 , and  618  are selectable to perform a functionality associated with the respective predefined region (e.g., one or more of the regions are selectable to perform a functionality, including reverse skipping, forward skipping, rewinding, fast-forwarding, scrubbing and displaying information associated with a content item in a user interface displayed on display  450 ). Further exemplary functionalities are described below. In particular, in some embodiments, tapping in one of the predefined regions performs the functionality associated with the predefined region; in some embodiments, clicking in the predefined region performs the functionality associated with the predefined region; in some embodiments, one or more other inputs detected in the predefined region perform the functionality associated with the predefined region. For example, in some embodiments, clicking in region  612  (e.g., detecting the clicking of a button while detecting a contact, such as contact  601  or a different contact, on region  612 , or detecting an increase in the intensity of a contact, such as contact  601  or a different contact, detected in region  612  above a predetermined intensity threshold) performs a fast-forward operation for content displayed on display  450  while detecting a contact on region  612 . The surface of touch-sensitive surface  451  is optionally visibly uniform, and optionally does not provide a visual indication of the existence of predefined regions  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  610 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 , and  618 , and/or their associated functionalities. Thus, it can be beneficial to display such information on display  450 . 
     In some embodiments, receiving an indication of contact  601  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , and determining whether the contact has been detected for longer than a first time period (e.g., determining whether a resting finger has been detected on the touch-sensitive surface of the remote for at least a threshold amount of time such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, or 1 seconds), initiates a process by which functionality information is optionally determined and/or displayed on display  450 . In some embodiments, contact  601  need not be detected for longer than the first time period, but rather tapping on touch-sensitive surface initiates the process by which functionality information is optionally determined and/or displayed on display  450 . As shown in  FIG. 6A , in some embodiments, contact  601  has been detected in predefined region  610 , though it is understood that a contact detected anywhere on touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally initiates the determination and/or display of functionality information. In some embodiments, functionality information is determined and/or displayed not in response to detection of an input for displaying the functionality information, but rather in response to a determination that one or more functions are accessible from the touch-sensitive surface based on a state of a user interface on display  450 —for example, selection of a user interface element (e.g., an application or a channel) in the user interface optionally results in the display of functionality information relating to the selected user interface element (e.g., functionality information for deleting the application or the channel from an application or channel bar). The discussion that follows focuses on embodiments in which functionality information is displayed in response to detection of an input for displaying the functionality information, though it is understood that the scope of the disclosure is not so limited, as described above. 
     In accordance with a determination that contact  601  meets functionality display criteria (e.g., one or more criterion) that include a criterion that is met when the contact has been detected for longer than the first time period, in some embodiments, functionality information is determined for display in a user interface for display on display  450 , the functionality information including information about a first functionality of the plurality of functionalities associated with predefined regions  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  610 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 , and  618 . This determination involves, for example, determining a respective functionality for which functionality information is to be displayed, and then selecting pre-generated functionality information that corresponds to the respective functionality or generating the functionality information that is to be displayed on display  450  (e.g., resting a finger anywhere on touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally brings up information about one or more functionalities accessible from the touch-sensitive surface). In some embodiments, the functionality information includes one or more icons that are displayed in a user interface on display  450  that indicate functions of corresponding regions of the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the information about the first functionality comprises a visual cue for performing the first functionality (e.g., a visual display about the functionality to be performed, how to perform the functionality from the remote, etc.). 
     In accordance with a determination that contact  601  does not meet the functionality display criteria (e.g., because the contact has not been detected for longer than the first time period or because the contact has not been substantially stationary for longer than the first time period), the electronic device optionally forgoes determination of the functionality information including the information about the first functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities (e.g., icons or information indicating the functionalities of the different regions of touch-sensitive surface  451  are not displayed if the contact ends before the first time period has been reached). 
     In some embodiments, the functionality display criteria include a criterion that is met when the contact has moved less than a first movement threshold during the first time period (e.g., in order to display the functionality information, in some embodiments, the contact must be a substantially stationary contact). 
       FIG. 6B  illustrates exemplary functionality information displayed in a user interface on display  450  in accordance with a determination that contact  601  meets the functionality display criteria. Functionality information  620  optionally includes information about a functionality that is accessible from touch sensitive surface  451  (e.g., fast forward), and/or information about how to access the functionality (e.g., clicking in predefined region  612 ). In some embodiments, the functionality information comprises an overlay displayed over a moving image or a still image in the user interface displayed by display  450 . 
       FIG. 6C  illustrates exemplary selection of a functionality accessible from touch-sensitive surface  451 . As described above, selection of a functionality is optionally accomplished when an indication of an input (“second input”) detected on the predefined region associated with the functionality is received. As shown in  FIG. 6C , in some embodiments, selection of the fast forward functionality is accomplished by detecting a click in predefined region  612 , as shown. In response to receiving the indication of the second input, the electronic device optionally performs the functionality associated with the predefined region on which the second input was detected. 
     In some embodiments, detecting the second input (e.g., the click) comprises detecting the second input concurrently with the contact (e.g., contact  601 ) on touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., a click in predefined region  612  is optionally detected in response to contact  601  moving to predefined region  612  and providing a click input, without contact lifting off touch-sensitive surface). In some embodiments, detecting the second input comprises detecting a second contact (e.g., one or more of a tap, a click and a resting touch) on predefined region  612  of touch-sensitive surface  451 . In some embodiments, detecting the second input comprises detecting an increase in an intensity of the contact above a first predetermined intensity threshold (e.g., a mechanical click or force detection). 
     In some embodiments, detection of contacts having different intensities results in the device performing different functionalities. In some embodiments, the electronic device optionally receives an indication of a third input detected on the first predefined region (e.g., predefined region  612 ) of touch-sensitive surface  451  that is associated with the first functionality (e.g., fast forward), wherein detecting the third input comprises detecting a second increase in the intensity of the contact (e.g., contact  601 ) above a second predetermined intensity threshold (e.g., multi-level click), the second predetermined intensity threshold being greater than the first predetermined intensity threshold. In response to receiving the indication of the third input, the electronic device optionally forgoes performance of the first functionality (e.g., fast forward) associated with the first predefined region (e.g., predefined region  612 ) on the touch-sensitive surface, and performs a second functionality associated with the first predefined region (e.g., predefined region  612 ) of the touch-sensitive surface, the second functionality being different than the first functionality (e.g., a double-level click optionally performs a different functionality than a single-level click). 
     In some embodiments, prior to performing the second functionality, the electronic device replaces the functionality information in the user interface (e.g., functionality information  620 ) with second functionality information (e.g., updated functionality information about the second functionality), the second functionality information including second information about the second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, detecting a click-and-hold-type input performs a different functionality than a click-type input. In some embodiments, detecting the second input further comprises detecting the contact (e.g., contact  601 ) on the touch-sensitive surface of the device for longer than a second time period after detecting the increase in the intensity of the contact above the first predetermined intensity threshold (e.g., clicking and holding for at least a threshold amount of time such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, or 1 seconds). In response to receiving the indication of the second input, the electronic device optionally forgoes performance of the first functionality associated with the first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface, and performs a second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface, the second functionality being different than the first functionality (e.g., click-and-hold initiates different functionality than only click). Similar to above, in some embodiments, prior to performing the second functionality, the electronic device replaces the functionality information in the user interface with second functionality information, the second functionality information including second information about the second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, the functionalities accessible from predefined regions  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  610 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 , and  618  of touch-sensitive surface  451  are based on a current context of the user interface (e.g., what kind of content is displayed in the user interface) displayed on display  450 . In some embodiments, a first predefined region (e.g., predefined region  612 ) of the plurality of predefined regions on the touch-sensitive surface of the device is associated with a first set of functionalities, the first set of functionalities including the first functionality (e.g., the middle-right region of touch-sensitive surface is optionally associated with fast-forwarding and skipping an advertisement). Determining the functionality information for display in response to receiving the indication of the first input optionally comprises determining a current context of the user interface (e.g., what kind of content is displayed in the user interface), and selecting the first functionality from the first set of functionalities based on the current context of the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, selecting the first functionality from the first set of functionalities based on the current context of the user interface includes, in accordance with a determination that the current context is a first context (e.g., an advertisement displayed in the user interface, a collection of music displayed in the user interface, an application displayed in the user interface, a collection of photos displayed in the user interface), the first functionality corresponds to a first operation (e.g., skipping the advertisement, navigating to a page of the collection of music, switching to another application, navigating to a page of the collection of photos), and in accordance with a determination that the current context is a second context, different from the first context (e.g., a movie displayed in the user interface, a television channel displayed in the user interface, a content information page displayed in the user interface), the first functionality corresponds to a second operation, different from the first operation (e.g., fast-forwarding the movie, changing the channel, viewing more content information). 
     It should be noted that in some embodiments, the functionalities described herein are optionally accessed without first displaying the functionality information that is described—in some embodiments, the displaying of the functionality information simply provides information as to what functionalities are optionally accessible from touch-sensitive surface  451 . 
       FIG. 6D  illustrates exemplary functionality information displayed in a user interface on display  450 . In some embodiments, functionality information  622  comprises an icon or other graphic that provides information as to the relevant functionality—as shown in  FIG. 6D , in some embodiments, the icon indicates the functionality is a fast forward functionality. In some embodiments, the icon (e.g., functionality information  622 ) is displayed at a first location in the user interface (e.g., middle-right of the user interface), the first location corresponding to a first predefined region (e.g., predefined region  612 ) on the touch-sensitive surface associated with the first functionality (e.g., a first region on the touch-sensitive surface that, when selected, will cause the first functionality to be performed. For example, the middle-right region of touch-sensitive surface, e.g., predefined region  612 ). Thus, in some embodiments, the location of the functionality icon in the user interface maps to the location of the functionality access on touch-sensitive surface  451  of the remote. Selection of the functionality is optionally accomplished as described above. In some embodiments, functionality information  622  optionally provides some visual indication (e.g., glowing, flashing, etc.) that contact  603  is detected in a region of touch-sensitive surface  451  that corresponds to the functionality information (e.g., predefined region  612 ). This visual indication optionally provides feedback to a user that further selection of predefined region  612  (e.g., by clicking in predefined region  612 ) will perform the functionality associated with predefined region  612  and functionality information  622 . 
       FIG. 6E  illustrates exemplary functionality information for two functionalities displayed in a user interface on display  450 . In some embodiments, the functionality information displayed on display  450  includes information about two or more functionalities accessible from touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., functionality information  626 ,  624 , and  628 , indicating the accessibility of the rewind functionality from predefined region  608 , the fast forward functionality from predefined region  612 , and the information functionality from predefined region  604 , respectively). Further, as before, each piece of functionality information is optionally displayed at a location in the user interface that corresponds to the associated predefined region on touch-sensitive surface  451 . The relative positioning of functionality information  626  with respect to functionality information  624  in the user interface optionally corresponds to the relative positioning of predefined region  608  with respect to predefined region  612 . Selection of the respective functionalities is optionally accomplished as described above and as illustrated in  FIG. 6E . 
     In some embodiments, as above, the functionalities accessible from the predefined regions are based on context, as illustrated in  FIGS. 6F-6G . In some embodiments, a second predefined region (e.g., region  608 ) of the plurality of predefined regions on the touch-sensitive surface of the device is associated with a second set of functionalities, the second set of functionalities including a second functionality (e.g., the left-middle region of the touch-sensitive surface is associated with a first functionality, and the right-middle region of the touch-sensitive surface is associated with a second functionality). Determining the functionality information for display in response to receiving the indication of the first input (e.g., a resting finger) further comprises selecting the second functionality from the second set of functionalities based on the current context of the user interface (e.g., what kind of content is displayed in the user interface). In accordance with the determination that the current context is the first context (e.g., an advertisement displayed in the user interface, illustrated in  FIG. 6F ), the first functionality (e.g., functionality  630  in  FIG. 6F ) corresponds to the first operation (e.g., skipping the advertisement), and the second functionality (e.g., functionality  632  in  FIG. 6F ) corresponds to a third operation (e.g., restarting the advertisement) different from the first operation and the second operation (e.g., the left-middle region of the touch-sensitive surface restarts the advertisement, and the right-middle region of the touch-sensitive surface skips the advertisement). In accordance with the determination that the current context is the second context (e.g., a movie displayed in the user interface, illustrated in  FIG. 6G ), the first functionality (e.g., functionality  624  in  FIG. 6G ) corresponds to the second operation (e.g., fast-forwarding the movie), and the second functionality (e.g., functionality  626  in  FIG. 6G ) corresponds to a fourth operation (e.g., rewinding the movie) different from the first operation, the second operation, and the third operation (e.g., the left-middle region of the touch-sensitive surface rewinds the movie, and the right-middle region of the touch-sensitive surface fast-forwards the movie). 
     As described above, any number of functionalities are optionally accessible from the touch-sensitive surface of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities accessible form the touch-sensitive surface includes navigation functionalities for navigating in the user interface (e.g., moving a selection-indicator up, down, left, and right by tapping on the top, bottom, left, and right sides, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; selecting an object in the user interface by clicking on the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting a contextual navigation menu by clicking and holding the touch-sensitive surface of the device). 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities accessible form the touch-sensitive surface includes navigation functionalities for navigating content in the user interface (e.g., moving left/right or previous/next through images by tapping and/or clicking on the left and right sides, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; moving to the previous/next image by swiping to the right and left, respectively, on the touch-sensitive surface of the device; skipping backward/forward through content (e.g., video) by clicking in the upper left and upper right regions, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; jumping backward/forward through content (e.g., video) by clicking and holding in the upper left and upper right regions, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; rewinding/fast forwarding through content (e.g., video) by clicking on the left and right sides, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; rewinding/fast forwarding through content (e.g., music) by clicking and holding on the left and right sides, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; changing to a previous/next track in content (e.g., music) by clicking on the left and right sides, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; changing to a previous/next channel by swiping in, towards the center, from the left and right edges, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; skipping to the last channel by swiping in, towards the center, from the left edge of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting one or more overlay applications by swiping in, towards the center, from the right or top edges of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting a content guide (e.g., electronic program guide) by clicking in an upper left region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting content in a full screen mode by clicking in an upper right region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting a filmstrip (e.g., scrubber bar) of images from content (e.g., video) by clicking on the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting, in a filmstrip (e.g., scrubber bar), images corresponding to chapters/keyframes in content (e.g., video) by swiping up and down, respectively, on the touch-sensitive surface of the device; playing content from a current position in a filmstrip (e.g., scrubber bar) by clicking on the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting a photostrip of images from a collection of images by clicking on the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting history of content (e.g., music) played and/or upcoming content (e.g., music) to be played by clicking on the touch-sensitive surface of the device). 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities accessible form the touch-sensitive surface includes navigation functionalities for navigating one or more content bars (e.g., app or channel bar) in the user interface (e.g., moving to the next/previous content bar by tapping on the top and bottom sides, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; moving to the left/right in a current content bar by tapping on the left and right sides, respectively, of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; moving to the next/previous content bar by swiping down and up, respectively, on the touch-sensitive surface of the device; selecting an object (e.g., an app or channel) in the current content bar by clicking on the touch-sensitive surface of the device). 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities accessible form the touch-sensitive surface includes information functionalities for presenting information about content in the user interface (e.g., presenting information about content by clicking on the top side of the touch-sensitive surface of the device; presenting information about content by swiping in, towards the center, from the left edge of the touch-sensitive surface of the device). 
     The following table lists some functionalities, various combinations of one or more of which are optionally accessible from the touch-sensitive surface (TSS) of the disclosure: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Location on TSS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Top/Bottom/ 
                 Top-Left/ 
               
               
                 Input 
                 Anywhere 
                 Left/Right 
                 Top-Right 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Tap 
                 Display  
                 Navigate UI in 
                   
               
               
                   
                 functionality 
                 accordance with  
                   
               
               
                   
                 information 
                 location of tap 
                   
               
               
                 Click 
                 Select 
                 Top: 
                 Alternative content 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Display information  
                 navigation in  
               
               
                   
                   
                 about content 
                 accordance with  
               
               
                   
                   
                 Right/Left: 
                 location of click 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Navigate content  
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 (e.g., PP, Rewind,  
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Skip, etc.) in  
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 accordance with  
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 location of click 
                   
               
               
                 Click-and- 
                 Display  
                 Right/Left: 
                 Alternative content 
               
               
                 Hold 
                 contextual menu 
                 Alternative content 
                 navigation in  
               
               
                   
                   
                 navigation in  
                 accordance with  
               
               
                   
                   
                 accordancewith  
                 location of click- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 location of click- 
                 and-hold 
               
               
                   
                   
                 and-hold 
                   
               
               
                 Swipe 
                 Browse through 
                 Left-to-center: 
                   
               
               
                   
                 images/content  
                 Skip to previous/last 
                   
               
               
                   
                 bar in accordance  
                 channel, or display 
                   
               
               
                   
                 with direction of  
                 information about  
                   
               
               
                   
                 swipe 
                 content 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Right-to-center: 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Skip to next channel,  
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 or display overlay 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 applications 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Top-to-center: 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Display overlay 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 applications 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIGS. 7A-7G  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  700  of displaying functionality information in accordance with some embodiments. The method  700  is optionally performed at an electronic device such as device  500  as described above with reference to  FIG. 5 , including a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device. Some operations in method  700  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  700  provides ways in which a device optionally provides functionality information to a user. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface of the device of the disclosure, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interface conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device, such as device  500  in  FIG. 5 ) with one or more processors and memory generates ( 702 ) a user interface for display on a display device (e.g., a television or other display device, such as display  450  in  FIG. 6A ). 
     In some embodiments, while the user interface is displayed on the display device, the device receives ( 703 ) an indication of a first input that includes a contact (e.g., a finger contact or stylus contact) detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display, such as contact  601  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 6A ). In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface includes a plurality of predefined regions (e.g., regions  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  610 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 , and  618  on touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 6A ) and each predefined region of the plurality of predefined regions is selectable to perform an associated functionality ( 704 ) (e.g., each region is selectable to perform a functionality, including reverse skipping, forward skipping, rewinding, fast-forwarding, scrubbing and displaying information associated with a content item). In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface includes fewer than nine predefined regions; for example, in some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface includes four predefined regions (top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left, and top-left) that are optionally larger than the nine predefined regions, and in some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface includes five predefined regions (top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left, top-left and center) that are optionally larger than the nine predefined regions, but optionally smaller than the four predefined regions. In some embodiments, the number of predefined regions on the touch-sensitive surface is based on the number of functionalities that need to be accessible from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., when more functionalities need to be accessible from the touch-sensitive surface, the touch-sensitive surface optionally includes more predefined regions). In some embodiments, the device comprises an input device, and the input device and the display device are separate devices ( 705 ) (e.g., display  450  and touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 6A  are included in separate devices). 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities includes navigation functionalities for navigating in the user interface ( 706 ). In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities includes navigation functionalities for navigating content in the user interface ( 707 ). In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities includes navigation functionalities for navigating one or more content bars in the user interface ( 708 ). In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities includes information functionalities for presenting information about content in the user interface ( 709 ). 
     In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the first input ( 710 ) (e.g., contact  601  in  FIG. 6A ), the device determines ( 712 ) whether the contact has been detected for longer than a first time period (e.g., determines whether a resting finger has been detected on the touch-sensitive surface of the remote for at least a threshold amount of time such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, or 1 seconds—for example, whether contact  601  in  FIG. 6A  has been detected for longer than the threshold amount of time). In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the contact meets functionality display criteria (e.g., one or more criterion) that include a criterion that is met when the contact has been detected for longer than the first time period, the device determines ( 714 ) functionality information (e.g., determines a respective functionality for which functionality information is to be displayed, and then selects pre-generated functionality information that corresponds to the respective functionality, or generates the functionality information that is to be displayed on the display) for display in the user interface (e.g., functionality information  620  in  FIG. 6A , functionality information  622  in  FIG. 6D , and functionality information  624  and  626  in  FIG. 6E ). In some embodiments, the functionality information includes information about a first functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities ( 716 ) (e.g., resting a finger anywhere on the touch-sensitive surface brings up information about one or more functionalities accessible from the touch-sensitive surface). For example, the functionality information optionally includes one or more icons (e.g., icons  624  and  626  in  FIG. 6E ) that are displayed in the user interface that indicate functions accessible from corresponding regions of the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the functionality information comprises an overlay displayed over a moving image or a still image in the user interface ( 718 ) (e.g., functionality information  622  in  FIG. 6D  is optionally overlaid on a moving or still image displayed on display  450 ). In some embodiments, the functionality display criteria include a criterion that is met when the contact has moved less than a first movement threshold during the first time period ( 720 ) (e.g., in order to display the functionality information, the contact (e.g., contact  601  in  FIG. 6A ) optionally must be a substantially stationary contact). In some embodiments, the information about the first functionality comprises a visual cue for performing the first functionality ( 722 ) (e.g., a visual display about the functionality to be performed, how to perform the functionality from the remote, etc., such as functionality information  620  in  FIG. 6C  and functionality information  624  and  626  in  FIG. 6E ). 
     In some embodiments, the information about the first functionality is displayed at a first location in the user interface, the first location corresponding to a first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface associated with the first functionality ( 724 ) (e.g., a first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface that, when activated, will cause the first functionality to be performed). Thus, in some embodiments, the location of the functionality icon on the user interface maps to the location of functionality access on the touch-sensitive surface of the remote. For example, the location of functionality information  622  on display  450  optionally corresponds to the location of region  612  on touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 6D . In some embodiments, the functionality information further includes second information about a second functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities ( 726 ). In some embodiments, the second information is displayed at a second location in the user interface, the second location corresponding to a second predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface associated with the second functionality ( 728 ) (e.g., a second region on the touch-sensitive surface that, when activated, will cause the second functionality to be performed). In some embodiments, a relative positioning of the first location in the user interface with respect to the second location in the user interface corresponds to a relative positioning of the first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface with respect to the second predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface ( 730 ), as illustrated in  FIG. 6E  with functionality information  624  and  626  and corresponding regions  612  and  608 , respectively. 
     In some embodiments, a first predefined region of the plurality of predefined regions on the touch-sensitive surface of the device is associated with a first set of functionalities, the first set of functionalities including the first functionality ( 732 ) (e.g., the right region of the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., region  612  in  FIG. 6A ) is optionally associated with fast-forwarding and skipping an advertisement). In some embodiments, a second predefined region of the plurality of predefined regions on the touch-sensitive surface of the device is associated with a second set of functionalities, the second set of functionalities including a second functionality ( 734 ) (e.g., the left region of the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., region  608  in  FIG. 6A ) is associated with a first set of functionalities, and the right region of the touch-sensitive surface is associated with a second set of functionalities). In some embodiments, determining the functionality information for display in response to receiving the indication of the first input comprises ( 736 ) determining ( 738 ) a current context of the user interface (e.g., determining what kind of content is displayed in the user interface). In some embodiments, determining the functionality information for display in response to receiving the indication of the first input comprises ( 736 ) selecting ( 740 ) the first functionality from the first set of functionalities based on the current context of the user interface. In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the current context is a first context (e.g., an advertisement displayed in the user interface, a collection of music displayed in the user interface, an application displayed in the user interface, a collection of photos displayed in the user interface, etc.), the first functionality corresponds to a first operation ( 742 ) (e.g., skipping the advertisement, navigating to a page of the collection of music, switching to another application, navigating to a page of the collection of photos, etc.). In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the current context is a second context, different from the first context (e.g., a movie displayed in the user interface, a television channel displayed in the user interface, a content information page displayed in the user interface, etc.), the first functionality corresponds to a second operation, different from the first operation ( 744 ) (e.g., fast-forwarding the movie, changing the channel, viewing more content information, etc.). For example, selection of region  612  in  FIG. 6A  optionally performs a first operation when the current context is a first context, and performs a second operation when the current context is a second context. 
     In some embodiments, determining the functionality information for display in response to receiving the indication of the first input comprises ( 736 ) selecting ( 746 ) the second functionality from the second set of functionalities based on the current context of the user interface. In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination that the current context is the first context (e.g., an advertisement displayed in the user interface), the first functionality corresponds to the first operation (e.g., skipping the advertisement), and the second functionality corresponds to a third operation (e.g., restarting the advertisement) different from the first operation and the second operation ( 748 ) (e.g., the left region of the touch-sensitive surface restarts the advertisement and the right region of the touch-sensitive surface skips the advertisement). In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination that the current context is the second context (e.g., a movie displayed in the user interface), the first functionality corresponds to the second operation (e.g., fast-forwarding the movie), and the second functionality corresponds to a fourth operation (e.g., rewinding the movie) different from the first operation, the second operation, and the third operation ( 750 ) (e.g., the left region of the touch-sensitive surface rewinds the movie and the right region of the touch-sensitive surface fast-forwards the movie). Thus, the operations performed by the regions on the touch-sensitive surface are optionally based on the current context of the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the functionality display criteria (e.g., because the contact has not been detected for longer than the first time period), the device forgoes ( 752 ) determination of the functionality information including the information about the first functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities (e.g., icons, such as icons  624  and  626  in  FIG. 6E , indicating the functionalities of the different regions of the touch-sensitive surface are optionally not displayed if the contact ends before the first time period has been reached). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the functionality display criteria has not been met because the contact has moved more than the first movement threshold during the first time period, the device forgoes ( 754 ) determination of the functionality information including the information about the first functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities. 
     In some embodiments, the device receives ( 756 ) an indication of a second input detected on a first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface that is associated with the first functionality, as illustrated by contacts  601  and  603  in  FIGS. 6C and 6D . In some embodiments, detecting the second input comprises detecting the second input concurrently with the contact on the touch-sensitive surface of the device ( 758 ) (e.g., no liftoff of the contact need be detected before detection of a click in the respective predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface). In some embodiments, detecting the second input comprises detecting a second contact (e.g., one or more of a tap, a click and a resting touch) on the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device ( 760 ). In some embodiments, detecting the second input comprises detecting an increase in an intensity of the contact above a first predetermined intensity threshold ( 762 ) (e.g., mechanical click or force detection). 
     In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the second input, the device performs ( 764 ) the first functionality associated with the first predefined region. For example, in response to receiving the indication of contact  601  in region  612  in  FIG. 6C , the device optionally fast forwards content in the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, the device receives ( 766 ) an indication of a third input detected on the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface that is associated with the first functionality. In some embodiments, detecting the third input comprises detecting a second increase in the intensity of the contact above a second predetermined intensity threshold (e.g., multi-level click), the second predetermined intensity threshold being greater than the first predetermined intensity threshold ( 768 ). In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the third input, the device forgoes ( 770 ) performance of the first functionality associated with the first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface, and performs a second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface, the second functionality being different than the first functionality (e.g., a double-level click performs a different functionality than single-level click). For example, while a single-level click in region  612  in  FIG. 6C  optionally performs a fast forward operation, a double-level click in region  612  optionally performs a different operation (e.g., 30 s forward skip). 
     In some embodiments, prior to performing the second functionality, the device replaces ( 772 ) the functionality information in the user interface with second functionality information, the second functionality information including second information about the second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface. For example, the device optionally replaces functionality information  620  in  FIG. 6C  with functionality information about the different functionality performed in response to the double-level click. 
     In some embodiments, detecting the second input further comprises detecting the contact on the touch-sensitive surface of the device for longer than a second time period after detecting the increase in the intensity of the contact above the first predetermined intensity threshold ( 774 ) (e.g., detecting a click and hold for at least a threshold amount of time such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, or 1 seconds). In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the second input, the device forgoes ( 776 ) performance of the first functionality associated with the first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface, and performs a second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface, the second functionality being different than the first functionality (e.g., a click and hold initiates a different functionality than only a click). For example, while a single-level click in region  612  in  FIG. 6C  optionally performs a fast forward operation, a click and hold in region  612  optionally performs a different operation (e.g., skipping to the next chapter in content). 
     In some embodiments, prior to performing the second functionality, the device replaces ( 778 ) the functionality information in the user interface with second functionality information, the second functionality information including second information about the second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface. For example, the device optionally replaces functionality information  620  in  FIG. 6C  with functionality information about the different functionality performed in response to the click and hold. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 7A-7G  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  900 ,  1100 ,  1300  and  1500 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  700  described above with respect to  FIGS. 7A-7G . For example, the user interfaces, display devices, touch-sensitive surfaces and contacts described above with reference to method  700  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, display devices, touch-sensitive surfaces and contacts described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  900 ,  1100 ,  1300  and  1500 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A, 3 and 5 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 7A-7G  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . For example, generation operation  702 , receiving operation  703 , and determination operations  712  and  714  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Content Navigation Bar 
     Providing a content navigation bar by which a user can easily and efficiently navigate content displayed in a user interface provided by a device can enhance the user&#39;s interaction with the content and the device. The embodiments described below provide ways that a device optionally presents such a content navigation bar in a user interface. Enhancing interactions with a device reduces the amount of time needed by a user to perform operations, and thus reduces the power usage of the device and increases battery life for battery-powered devices. 
       FIGS. 8A-8G  illustrate exemplary ways in which a content navigation bar is presented in a user interface in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. The embodiments in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes described with reference to  FIGS. 9A-9G . 
       FIG. 8A  illustrates an exemplary sequence of content items. The content items in sequence  802  are optionally any content items, such as movies, television shows, and/or applications. In some embodiments, sequence  802  includes entries representing content items  1  through N (e.g., entries  804 ,  806 ,  808 , and  810 ). Sequence  802  optionally provides information about the ordering of the content items represented in it. For example, the fact that the entry for content item  2   806  comes before the entry for content item  3   808  optionally indicates that content item  2  is before content item  3  in the relevant sequence or ordering. Additionally or alternatively to the actual ordering of entries  804 ,  806 ,  808 , and  810  in sequence  802 , the entries themselves optionally contain information about the relative ordering of their corresponding content items in the relevant sequence or ordering. 
     The sequence or ordering of content items represented by sequence  802  optionally represents content item ordering in many contexts. For example, if the content items of interest are episodes of a television series, sequence  802  optionally provides the correct ordering of the episodes based on the content of the episodes (e.g., the first episode, the second episode, etc.). If the content items of interest are television broadcasts on a specific channel, for example, sequence  802  optionally provides the correct ordering of the television broadcasts based on the time that the broadcasts were aired (e.g., the 7:00 pm broadcast, followed by the 7:30 broadcast, followed by the 8:00 pm broadcast, etc.). Sequence  802  optionally provides an ordering of content items in any context in which ordering of content items is optionally of interest. 
     To facilitate such content type-based sequence determinations, an electronic device (e.g., device  500  in  FIG. 5 ) optionally determines a content type (e.g., movie, television show, etc.) of a content item of interest (the “respective content item”). In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type, the electronic device identifies a first sequence of content items that includes the respective content item, wherein a first content item immediately precedes the respective content item in the sequence of content items, and a second content item immediately follows the respective content item in the sequence of content items (e.g., if the content type of the respective content item is a television series, the respective content item is optionally an episode of the television series, the first content item is optionally an immediately previous episode in the television series, and the second content item is optionally the immediately next episode in the television series). In accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type, the electronic device optionally identifies a second sequence of content items that includes the respective content item, the second sequence of content items being different than the first sequence of content items, wherein a third content item is adjacent to the respective content item in the second sequence of content items, the third content item being different than the first content item and the second content item (e.g., if the content type of the respective content item is a television broadcast, the respective content item is optionally a television program broadcast during a time slot, the first content item is optionally a television program broadcast during an immediately previous time slot, and the second content item is optionally a television program broadcast during an immediately next time slot). 
       FIG. 8B  illustrates an exemplary user interface including a navigation bar. Display  450  optionally displays a user interface that includes region  828  and navigation bar  830 . Region  828  optionally displays a representation of a current position in a respective content item (e.g., a large version of content being played in the user interface). The respective content item is optionally a currently selected content item (e.g., a content item selected for presentation to the user on display  450 ) from a sequence of content items that includes a plurality of content items (e.g., movies, television shows, applications), such as sequence  802 . 
     In some embodiments, navigation bar  830  includes a plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822  that correspond to different positions in the respective content item, the representation of the current position in which is displayed in region  828 . For example, navigation bar  830  optionally includes images from different points in time (e.g., every 5 seconds or minutes) in the first episode of a television series (the respective content item). 
     In some embodiments, the representation of the respective content item in region  828  of the user interface is larger than navigation bar  830  in the user interface (e.g., the video of the respective content item is larger than the images in the navigation bar). In some embodiments, the representation of the respective content item in region  828  comprises video from the respective content item, the video including the plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830 . In some embodiments, the plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830  comprise a plurality of still images from the respective content item. 
     In some embodiments, navigation bar  830  also includes a representation of a first adjacent content item  824  in the plurality of content items that is adjacent to the respective content item in the sequence (e.g., sequence  802 ) of content items. For example, navigation bar  830  optionally includes a representation of the second episode (e.g., next episode) in a television series (the first adjacent content item  824 ) when the respective content item is an episode in the television series. It is understood that navigation bar  830  could additionally or alternatively include a representation of a previous episode in the television series, for example. 
     As shown in  FIG. 8B , in some embodiments, navigation bar  830  includes representations of two adjacent content items  812  and  824  (e.g., a previous and a next content item). In some embodiments, navigation bar  830  optionally includes a representation of a second adjacent content item  812  (e.g., a previous content item) in the plurality of content items that is adjacent to the respective content item in the sequence of content items. As described above, the first adjacent content item optionally precedes the respective content item in the sequence of content items (e.g., the first adjacent content item is an episode previous to the current episode in a television series, or a television program broadcast during a time slot previous to the current television program), and the second adjacent content item optionally follows the respective content item in the sequence of content items (e.g., the second adjacent content item is an episode following the current episode in a television series, or a television program broadcast during a time slot following the current television program). 
     As discussed above with respect to  FIG. 8A , in some embodiments, the first and second adjacent content items are based on a determined content type of the respective content item. For example, as shown in  FIGS. 8B-8C , in some embodiments, when the content type of the respective content item is a television broadcast (e.g., 8:00 PM television broadcast in  FIG. 8B ), the previous adjacent content item is optionally a television broadcast during a previous time slot (e.g., 7:30 PM television broadcast in  FIG. 8B ), and the next adjacent content item is optionally a television broadcast during a next time slot (e.g., 8:30 PM television broadcast in  FIG. 8B ). In some embodiments, when the content type of the respective content item is an episode of a television series (e.g., episode  2  of a television series in  FIG. 8C ), the previous adjacent content item is optionally a previous episode of the television series (e.g., episode  1  of the television series in  FIG. 8C ), and the next adjacent content item is optionally a next episode of the television series (e.g., episode  3  of the television series in  FIG. 8C ). 
     In some embodiments, the representations of the first adjacent content item  824  and/or the second adjacent content item  812  in navigation bar  830  comprise images from positions in the first and/or second adjacent content item (e.g., one or more screenshots from points in time in the next and/or previous episodes in the television series). 
     In some embodiments, a user optionally provides input to change the time interval between positions in the respective content item to which images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , correspond. In other words, the user optionally provides input to change the time interval between images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , displayed in navigation bar  830 , so that instead of the images corresponding to points in time separated by 5 minutes in the respective content item, for example, the images optionally correspond to points in time separated by 10 minutes in the respective content item, for example. 
     Thus, in some embodiments, a first image of the plurality of images (e.g., image  814 ) in navigation bar  830  corresponds to a first position in the respective content item, and a second image of the plurality of images (e.g., image  816 ) in the navigation bar corresponds to a second position in the respective content item, the first position in the respective content item and the second position in the respective content item being separated by a first interval (e.g., an amount of time, for example, 5 or 10 minutes). In some embodiments, while the user interface is displayed on display  450 , the electronic device receives an indication of a first input that includes a contact (e.g., a finger contact or stylus contact) detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display), wherein detecting the contact comprises detecting a movement of the contact (e.g., a vertical swipe on the touch-sensitive surface). In accordance with the movement of the contact, the electronic device optionally selects a third position and a fourth position in the respective content item, and their corresponding third image and fourth image, respectively, the third position and fourth position being separated by a second interval that is different than the first interval (e.g., larger or smaller than the first interval), and replaces the first image (e.g., image  814 ) in navigation bar  830  with a third image corresponding to the third position in the respective content item, and the second image (e.g., image  816 ) in the navigation bar with a fourth image corresponding to the fourth position in the respective content item. In this way, the electronic device optionally changes the time interval between the images in navigation bar  830 . 
     In some embodiments, changing the time interval between positions in the respective content item to which images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , correspond is based on the content type of the respective content item, similar to as described with reference to  FIGS. 8D-8E  below (e.g., the type of content that is being displayed in region  828  of the user interface). In some embodiments, the electronic device optionally determines a content type (e.g., movie, television show, etc.) of the respective content item. In accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type (e.g., a sporting event), the electronic device optionally selects the second interval separating the third position and fourth position in the respective content item to be a time-based interval (e.g., separated by 5, 10, or 20 minutes). In accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type (e.g., a movie), the electronic device optionally selects the second interval separating the third position and fourth position in the respective content item to be a content-based interval (e.g., separated by an amount of time based on the content of the respective content item, for example, scenes, chapters, and/or beginnings/ends of commercials). 
     In some embodiments, navigation bar  830  further includes current position indicator  826  overlaid on the plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in the navigation bar (e.g., an indicator such as a line that moves over and between the images in the navigation bar). A relative location of current position indicator  826  with respect to each of the plurality of images in navigation bar  830  optionally corresponds to the current position in the respective content item (e.g., if the current position indicator is before an image in the navigation bar, the current position in the respective content item is before the position corresponding to the image). In some embodiments, the relative location of current position indicator  826  with respect to each of the plurality of images in navigation bar  830  additionally or alternatively corresponds to the representation of the current position in the respective content item displayed in region  828  of the user interface (e.g., the representation of the current position in the respective content item displayed in region  828  of the user interface shows content from the current position of the respective content item). 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device optionally scrolls (or “scrubs”) through the respective content item in response to input detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display). In some embodiments, while the user interface is displayed on display  450 , the electronic device receives an indication of a first input that includes a contact (e.g., a finger contact or stylus contact) detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display). Detecting the contact optionally comprises detecting a movement of the contact (e.g., the first input is optionally a gesture input, such as a horizontal swipe on the touch-sensitive surface). The electronic device optionally moves current position indicator  826  in navigation bar  830  in accordance with the movement of the contact (e.g., if the first input is a swipe to the right, the current position indicator is moved to the right in the navigation bar). Moving current position indicator  826  optionally comprises changing the relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each image of the plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830  in accordance with the movement of the contact (e.g., moving the current position indicator over and through the plurality of images in the navigation bar as the plurality of images remain stationary), and updating the current position in the respective content item and the representation of the current position in the respective content item (e.g., the representation displayed in region  828  of the user interface) in accordance with the relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each image of the plurality of images (e.g., scrubbing through the respective content item based on the location of the current position indicator, including updating the video and/or image(s) of the respective content item displayed in region  828  of the user interface). 
     As shown in  FIGS. 8D-8E , in some embodiments, the time interval between the positions in the respective content item to which the plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830  correspond is based on a content type (e.g., movie, television show, sporting event, etc.) of the respective content item. In some embodiments, the electronic device determines a content type (e.g., movie, television show, etc.) of the respective content item. In accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type (e.g., a broadcast of a sporting event, such as the television broadcast in  FIG. 8D ), the electronic device optionally selects a first position and a second position in the respective content item, the first position and the second position being separated by a first interval (e.g., an amount of time). In some embodiments, the first interval is a time-based interval (e.g., the images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830  are images from the respective content item, the positions of which in the respective content item are separated by 5, 10, or 20 minute intervals, for example, as shown in  FIG. 8D ), a first image of the plurality of images (e.g., image  814 ) in the navigation bar corresponds to the first position in the respective content item, and a second image of the plurality of images (e.g., image  816 ) in the navigation bar corresponds to the second position in the respective content item. 
     In accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type (e.g., a movie, such as the movie in  FIG. 8E ), the electronic device optionally selects a third position and a fourth position in the respective content item, the third position and the fourth position being separated by a second interval (e.g., an amount of time), different from the first interval discussed above. In some embodiments, the second interval is a content-based interval (e.g., the images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830  are images from the respective content item, the positions of which in the respective content item are separated by content-based intervals, such as scenes in a movie, chapters in a movie, and/or beginnings/ends of commercials, as shown in  FIG. 8E ), the first image of the plurality of images (e.g., image  814 ) in the navigation bar corresponds to the third position in the respective content item, and the second image of the plurality of images (e.g., image  816 ) in the navigation bar corresponds to the fourth position in the respective content item. 
       FIG. 8F  illustrates an exemplary operation for scrolling into the adjacent content item in the navigation bar. As described above, the electronic device optionally scrolls through navigation bar  830 , and the corresponding respective content item, in response to input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . For example, the input optionally includes contact  801 , and movement of the contact, as illustrated. In the illustrated example, the input is a horizontal swipe input, though the scope of the disclosure is not so limited. 
     Eventually, scrolling through navigation bar  830  optionally results in reaching the end of the respective content item, and thus current position indicator  826  optionally reaches the end of the portion of the navigation bar that includes images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , from the respective content item. If further scrolling input is detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 , current position indicator  826  optionally crosses over into the portion of navigation bar  830  that includes the representation of the adjacent content item  824 . In response, scrolling optionally continues through the content item corresponding to the representation of the adjacent content tem  824 , as described below. Thus, the navigation bar of this disclosure allows a user to scroll through a current content item, and also scroll into one or more content items that are adjacent to the current content item (e.g., previous/next television episodes). 
     To facilitate the above scrolling, in some embodiments, a threshold separates the plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830  from the representation of the first adjacent content item  824  in the navigation bar (e.g., a line or other visual indication of a separation between the plurality of images and the representation of the first adjacent content item). The electronic device optionally determines that current position indicator  826  has crossed over the threshold from the plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830  to the representation of the first adjacent content item  824  in the navigation bar (e.g., the current position indicator has moved all the way through the plurality of images, and into the portion of the navigation bar including the representation of the first adjacent content item). 
       FIG. 8G  illustrates an exemplary operation that results from scrolling into the adjacent content item in the navigation bar. When current position indicator  826  has crossed over into the representation of adjacent content item  824 , as described above, navigation bar  830  is optionally reconstituted to reflect that the adjacent content item has now become the current content item. 
     To accomplish this reconstitution, in some embodiments, in accordance with the determination that current position indicator  826  has crossed over the threshold from the plurality of images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822 , in navigation bar  830  to the representation of the first adjacent content item  824  in the navigation bar, the electronic device replaces, in the navigation bar, the plurality of images corresponding to different positions in the respective content item (images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822  in  FIG. 8F ) with a second plurality of images (image  834 ,  836 ,  838 ,  840 , and  842  in  FIG. 8G ) corresponding to different positions in the first adjacent content item (e.g., the first adjacent content item now becomes the “currently selected” content item, images from which populate the navigation bar). The electronic device optionally sets the relative location of current position indicator  826  with respect to each image of the second plurality of images  834 ,  836 ,  838 ,  840 , and  842 , in navigation bar  830  to correspond to a current position in the first adjacent content item (e.g., the electronic device repositions the current position indicator to the beginning, as shown in  FIG. 8G , or end of the first adjacent content item, depending on whether the current position indicator has been scrolled into the previous content item or the next content item). 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device replaces, in navigation bar  830 , the representation of the first adjacent content item  824  (in  FIG. 8F ) with a representation of a second adjacent content item  844  (in  FIG. 8G ) in the plurality of content items—because what used to be the first adjacent content item has become the current content item, the electronic device optionally needs to determine a content item that is adjacent to the first adjacent content item, different from the respective content item. In other words, the electronic device optionally determines a next content item (e.g., the second adjacent content item) with respect to the first adjacent content item  824  in  FIG. 8F . 
     In some embodiments, the second adjacent content item (e.g., the content item that is adjacent to the first adjacent content item) is different than the respective content item, and the second adjacent content item is adjacent to the first adjacent content item in the sequence of content items. 
     The electronic device optionally replaces, in the user interface, the representation of the current position of the respective content item, which was displayed in region  828  of the user interface, with a representation of the current position in the first adjacent content item in region  828  of the user interface (e.g., the electronic device optionally updates the user interface to display an image/video from the current position in the first adjacent content item instead of an image/video from the original, respective content item). In this way, the electronic device facilitates scrolling from one content item to an adjacent content item. Though the discussion above has focused on scrolling into a next content item, the operations disclosed above similarly apply to scrolling into a previous content item, the details of which are omitted here for brevity. 
       FIGS. 9A-9G  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  900  of presenting a content navigation bar in accordance with some embodiments. The method  900  is optionally performed at an electronic device such as device  500  as described above with reference to  FIG. 5 , including a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device. Some operations in method  900  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  900  provides ways in which a device optionally presents a content navigation bar in a user interface. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interface conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device, such as device  500  in  FIG. 5 ) with one or more processors and memory obtains ( 902 ) information that identifies a sequence of content items that includes a plurality of content items (e.g., movies, television shows, applications, etc.). For example, the electronic device optionally obtains information that identifies sequence  802  of N content items in  FIG. 8A . In some embodiments, obtaining the information that identifies the sequence of content items including a respective content item comprises ( 904 ) determining ( 906 ) a content type (e.g., movie, television show, etc.) of the respective content item. In some embodiments, obtaining the information that identifies the sequence of content items including a respective content item comprises ( 904 ), in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type, identifying ( 908 ) a first sequence of content items that includes the respective content item. (e.g., the respective content item is optionally content item  2   806  in  FIG. 8A ) In some embodiments, a first content item immediately precedes the respective content item in the sequence of content items ( 910 ) (e.g., the first content item is optionally content item  1   804  in  FIG. 8A ). In some embodiments, a second content item immediately follows the respective content item in the sequence of content items ( 912 ) (e.g., the second content item is optionally content item  3   808  in  FIG. 8A ). For example, if the content type of the respective content item is a television series, the respective content item is optionally an episode of the television series, the first content item is optionally an immediately previous episode in the television series, and the second content item is optionally an immediately next episode in the television series. 
     In some embodiments, obtaining the information that identifies the sequence of content items including a respective content item comprises ( 904 ), in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type, identifying ( 914 ) a second sequence of content items that includes the respective content item, the second sequence of content items being different than the first sequence of content items. In some embodiments, a third content item is adjacent to the respective content item in the second sequence of content items, the third content item being different than the first content item and the second content item ( 916 ). For example, if the content type of the respective content item is a television broadcast, the respective content item is optionally a television program broadcast during a time slot, the first content item is optionally a television program broadcast during an immediately previous time slot, and the second content item is optionally a television program broadcast during an immediately next time slot. 
     In some embodiments, while a respective content item from the plurality of content items is a currently selected content item (e.g., a content item selected for presentation to the user on a display device), the device generates ( 918 ) a user interface for display on a display device. In some embodiments, the user interface includes ( 920 ) a representation of a current position in the respective content item ( 922 ) (e.g., a large version of the playing content). This representation of the current position in the respective content item is optionally provided in, for example, region  828  of the user interface in  FIG. 8B . 
     In some embodiments, the user interface includes ( 920 ) a navigation bar (e.g., navigation bar  830  in  FIG. 8B ) that includes a plurality of images (e.g., images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  812 , and  822  in  FIG. 8B ) corresponding to different positions in the respective content item and a representation of a first adjacent content item (e.g., representation  812  or  824  in  FIG. 8B ) in the plurality of content items that is adjacent to the respective content item in the sequence of content items ( 924 ) (e.g., the navigation bar includes images from the second episode in a television series (the respective content item) and a representation of the first episode in the television series (the first adjacent content item)). In some embodiments, the representation of the first adjacent content item in the navigation bar comprises an image from a position in the first adjacent content item ( 926 ) (e.g., representation  824  in  FIG. 8B  comprises a screenshot from the previous episode in a television series). In some embodiments, the navigation bar further includes a representation of a second adjacent content item (e.g., the next content item) in the plurality of content items that is adjacent to the respective content item in the sequence of content items (e.g., the navigation bar includes representations of a previous and a next content item, such as representations  812  and  824  in  FIG. 8B ), the first adjacent content item precedes the respective content item in the sequence of content items (e.g., the first adjacent content item is an episode previous to the current episode in a television series, or a television program broadcast during a time slot previous to the current television program), and the second adjacent content item follows the respective content item in the sequence of content items ( 928 ) (e.g., the second adjacent content item is an episode following the current episode in a television series, or a television program broadcast during a time slot following the current television program). 
     In some embodiments, the navigation bar further includes a current position indicator overlaid on the plurality of images (e.g., current position indicator  826 ) in the navigation bar (e.g., a line that moves over and between the images), and a relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to ( 930 ) the current position in the respective content item ( 932 ) (e.g., if the current position indicator is before an image in the navigation bar, the current position in the respective content item is before the position corresponding to the image), and the representation of the current position in the respective content item ( 934 ) (e.g., the representation of the current position in the respective content item shows content from the current position). 
     In some embodiments, the representation of the respective content item is larger than the navigation bar in the user interface ( 936 ) (e.g., the video of the respective content item is relatively large (shown in region  828  in  FIG. 8B ), while the images in the navigation bar (images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822  in  FIG. 8B ) are relatively small). In some embodiments, the representation of the respective content item comprises video from the respective content item, the video including the plurality of images in the navigation bar ( 938 ). In some embodiments, the plurality of images in the navigation bar comprise a plurality of still images from the respective content item ( 940 ). 
     In some embodiments, generating the user interface for display on the display device comprises ( 942 ) determining ( 944 ) a content type (e.g., movie, television show, etc.) of the respective content item. 
     In some embodiments, generating the user interface for display on the display device comprises ( 942 ), in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type, selecting ( 946 ) a first position and a second position in the respective content item, the first position and the second position being separated by a first interval (e.g., an amount of time). In some embodiments, the first interval is a time-based interval ( 948 ) (e.g., the images in the navigation bar (e.g., images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822  in  FIG. 8B ) are images from the respective content item, the positions of which in the respective content item are separated by 5, 10, or 20 minute intervals, for example). In some embodiments, a first image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to the first position in the respective content item ( 950 ) (e.g., image  814  in  FIG. 8B  optionally corresponds to the first position in the respective content item). In some embodiments, a second image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to the second position in the respective content item ( 952 ) (e.g., image  816  in  FIG. 8B  optionally corresponds to the first position in the respective content item). 
     In some embodiments, generating the user interface for display on the display device comprises ( 942 ), in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type, selecting ( 954 ) a third position and a fourth position in the respective content item, the third position and the fourth position being separated by a second interval, different from the first interval. In some embodiments, the second interval is a content-based interval ( 956 ) (e.g., the images in the navigation bar (e.g., images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822  in  FIG. 8B ) are images from the respective content item, the positions of which in the respective content item are separated by content-based intervals, such as scenes, chapters, and/or beginnings/ends of commercials). In some embodiments, the first image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to the third position in the respective content item ( 958 ). In some embodiments, the second image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to the fourth position in the respective content item ( 960 ). In some embodiments, after generating the user interface for display on the display device, the device provides ( 962 ) the user interface to the display device. 
     In some embodiments, while the user interface is displayed on the display device, the device receives ( 964 ) an indication of a first input that includes a contact (e.g., a finger contact or stylus contact) detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display). In some embodiments, the device comprises an input device, and the input device and the display device are separate devices ( 966 ). In some embodiments, detecting the contact comprises detecting a movement of the contact ( 968 ) (e.g., the first input is a gesture input, such as a horizontal swipe on the touch-sensitive surface, such as the movement of contact  801  as illustrated in  FIG. 8F ). In some embodiments, the device moves ( 970 ) the current position indicator in the navigation bar in accordance with the movement of the contact (e.g., if the first input is a swipe to the right, the current position indicator is moved to the right in the navigation bar, as is illustrated in  FIG. 8F ). 
     In some embodiments, moving the current position indicator comprises ( 972 ) changing ( 974 ) the relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar in accordance with the movement of the contact (e.g., moving the current position indicator over and through the plurality of images in the navigation bar as the plurality of images remain stationary). In some embodiments, moving the current position indicator comprises ( 972 ) updating ( 976 ) the current position in the respective content item and the representation of the current position in the respective content item in accordance with the relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each image of the plurality of images (e.g., scrubbing through the respective content item based on the location of the current position indicator, including updating the video and/or image of the respective content item displayed in the user interface in region  828  in  FIG. 8F , for example). 
     In some embodiments, a threshold separates the plurality of images in the navigation bar from the representation of the first adjacent content item in the navigation bar ( 978 ) (e.g., a line or other visual indication of a separation between the plurality of images and the representation of the first adjacent content item, as is illustrated in  FIG. 8F ). In some embodiments, the device determines ( 980 ) that the current position indicator has crossed over the threshold from the plurality of images in the navigation bar to the representation of the first adjacent content item in the navigation bar (e.g., the current position indicator has moved all the way through the plurality of images, and onto the representation of the first adjacent content item, as is illustrated in  FIG. 8F ). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination ( 982 ) that the current position indicator has crossed over the threshold, the device replaces ( 984 ), in the navigation bar, the plurality of images corresponding to different positions in the respective content item with a second plurality of images corresponding to different positions in the first adjacent content item (e.g., the first adjacent content item now becomes the “currently selected” content item, images from which populate the navigation bar). For example, after current position indicator  826  in  FIG. 8F  has crossed over the threshold to representation  824 , images  814 ,  816 ,  818 ,  820 , and  822  are optionally replaced by images from different positions in the content item associated with representation  824 , as is illustrated in  FIG. 8G . Now, representation  832  is optionally associated with the respective content item, and images  834 ,  836 ,  838 ,  840 , and  842  are optionally associated with the first adjacent content item. In some embodiments, the device sets ( 986 ) the relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each image of the second plurality of images in the navigation bar to correspond to a current position in the first adjacent content item (e.g., the device repositions the current position indicator to the beginning or end, as is appropriate, of the first adjacent content item, as illustrated in  FIG. 8G ). 
     In some embodiments, the device replaces ( 988 ), in the navigation bar, the representation of the first adjacent content item with a representation of a second adjacent content item in the plurality of content items (e.g., now, the device determines a content item that is adjacent to the first adjacent content item, different from the respective content item, and places a representation of the second adjacent content item in the navigation bar as representation  844  in  FIG. 8G , for example). In some embodiments, the second adjacent content item is different than the respective content item ( 990 ). In some embodiments, the second adjacent content item is adjacent to the first adjacent content item in the sequence of content items ( 992 ). 
     In some embodiments, the device replaces ( 994 ), in the user interface, the representation of the current position of the respective content item with a representation of the current position in the first adjacent content item (e.g., the device updates the user interface to display, in region  828  in  FIG. 8G , for example, an image from the current position in the first adjacent content item instead of an image from the respective content item). 
     In some embodiments, a first image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to a first position in the respective content item ( 996 ). In some embodiments, a second image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to a second position in the respective content item, the first position in the respective content item and the second position in the respective content item being separated by a first interval ( 998 ) (e.g., an amount of time, for example, 5 or 10 minutes). 
     In some embodiments, while the user interface is displayed on the display device, the device receives ( 998 - 1 ) an indication of a first input that includes a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device, wherein detecting the contact comprises detecting a movement of the contact (e.g., a vertical swipe on the touch-sensitive surface). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with the movement of the contact, the device selects ( 998 - 2 ) a third position and a fourth position in the respective content item, the third position and fourth position being separated by a second interval that is different than the first interval (e.g., larger or smaller than the first interval). In some embodiments, selecting the third position and the fourth position in the respective content item comprises ( 998 - 3 ) determining ( 998 - 4 ) a content type (e.g., movie, television show, etc.) of the respective content item. In some embodiments, selecting the third position and the fourth position in the respective content item comprises ( 998 - 3 ) in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type, selecting ( 998 - 5 ) the second interval separating the third position and fourth position in the respective content item to be a time-based interval (e.g., separated by 5, 10, or 20 minutes). In some embodiments, selecting the third position and the fourth position in the respective content item comprises ( 998 - 3 ), in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type, selecting ( 998 - 6 ) the second interval separating the third position and fourth position in the respective content item to be a content-based interval (e.g., separated by an amount of time based on the content of the respective content item, for example, scenes, chapters, and/or beginnings/ends of commercials). 
     In some embodiments, the device replaces ( 998 - 8 ) the first image in the navigation bar with the third image, and the second image in the navigation bar with the fourth image. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 9A-9G  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  1100 ,  1300  and  1500 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  900  described above with respect to  FIGS. 9A-9G . For example, the user interface, display device and content items described above with reference to method  900  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, display devices and content items described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  1100 ,  1300  and  1500 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A, 3 and 5 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 9A-9G  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . For example, obtaining operation  902 , generation operation  918 , and providing operation  962  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Predefined Movement in a User Interface 
     When interacting with a user interface presented by an electronic device, a user can sometimes mean to move a cursor, for example, by a certain amount in the user interface, but can accidentally move the cursor less or more than that due to imprecision in the user&#39;s input on a touch-sensitive surface, for example. Thus, it can be beneficial for the electronic device to provide for mechanisms for moving a cursor in a user interface by a predefined amount (e.g., by a single element in the user interface) in response to certain inputs detected on an input device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) to enhance the user&#39;s experience with the device. The embodiments described below provide ways to allow for such cursor movement. Enhancing interactions with a device reduces the amount of time needed by a user to perform operations, and thus reduces the power usage of the device and increases battery life for battery-powered devices. 
       FIGS. 10A-10D  illustrate exemplary ways in which an electronic device moves a cursor in a user interface by a predefined amount in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. The embodiments in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes described with reference to  FIGS. 11A-11D . 
       FIG. 10A  illustrates an exemplary user interface. Display  450  optionally displays a user interface that includes various user interface elements  1002 ,  1004 , and  1006 . The user interface also optionally includes selection-indicator  1008 , which provides an indication of a currently selected user interface element (e.g., element  1002 ) of the plurality of user interface elements (e.g., elements  1002 ,  1004 , and  1006 ). Selection-indicator  1008 , though illustrated as a visually distinct object in the user interface, is optionally anything that provides an indication of a currently selected user interface element, such as a glow around the currently selected user interface element, a highlight around the currently selected user interface element, or an outline around the currently selected user interface element. 
     As discussed above, in some circumstances, a user wishes to move selection-indicator  1008  from element  1002  to another element (e.g., element  1004 ). To do so, the user optionally provides input on touch-sensitive surface  451 , as will be described below. 
       FIG. 10B  illustrates exemplary movement of selection-indicator  1008  in response to input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . Movement of selection-indicator  1008  is optionally performed in response to an input that includes contact  1001  being detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 . As shown in  FIG. 10B , in some embodiments, the input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  is a horizontal swipe. The input optionally corresponds to a respective value for a movement metric—a metric expressing how much selection-indicator  1008  in the user interface should move based on how much contact  1001  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  moves. In some embodiments, the movement metric is optionally a metric based on a relationship of contact  1001  movement to selection-indicator  1008  movement. As shown in  FIG. 10B , in some embodiments, the movement of contact  1001  detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  corresponds to a movement metric for moving selection-indicator  1008  by the amount illustrated (e.g., to a position in user interface between elements  1004  and  1006 ). 
     However, in some cases, the input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  was optionally intended to move selection-indicator  1008  by an amount other than the amount specified by the movement metric (such as by a single user interface element—from element  1002  to element  1004 , for example). To address such cases, electronic device optionally provides for the ability to move selection-indicator  1008  by a predefined amount (e.g., by a single user interface element) in response to detecting specified inputs and/or gestures. 
       FIG. 10C  illustrates an exemplary scheme for moving selection-indicator  1008  by a predefined amount in response to detecting an input on touch-sensitive surface  451 . The input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  is optionally the same input as described in  FIG. 10B ; however in this case, selection-indicator  1008  optionally moves by a predefined amount (e.g., from element  1002  to element  1004 ) in response to the detection of the input. In some embodiments, as illustrated, moving selection-indicator  1008  by the predefined amount in the user interface comprises moving the selection-indicator to indicate selection of an adjacent user interface element (e.g., element  1004 ) in the plurality of user interface elements (e.g., elements  1002 ,  1004 , and  1006 ). 
     To facilitate such predefined movement of selection-indicator  1008 , in response to receiving the indication of the first input (e.g., the input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451 ), the electronic device optionally determines whether the first input meets unitary-movement criteria (e.g., criteria that, when met, cause the selection-indicator in the user interface to move by a predefined amount, such as by a single user interface element). In accordance with a determination that the first input meets the unitary-movement criteria, the electronic device optionally moves selection-indicator  1008  by a predefined amount in the user interface (e.g., a predefined amount not based on the respective value for the selection-indicator movement metric. In some embodiments, the respective value for the movement metric is optionally less than a value that would cause the selection-indicator in the user interface to be moved by the predefined amount, or greater than a value that would cause the selection-indicator in the user interface to be moved by the predefined amount). In accordance with a determination that the first input does not meet the unitary-movement criteria, the electronic device optionally moves selection-indicator  1008  in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric associated with the first input (e.g., the electronic device moves the selection-indicator in the user interface by an amount defined by the magnitude of the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface, as described with reference to  FIG. 10B . In some embodiments, this is optionally greater than the predefined amount that the selection-indicator would move if the first input met the unitary movement criteria, or less than the predefined amount that the selection-indicator would move if the first input met the unitary movement criteria). 
     In some embodiments, movement of selection-indicator  1008  by a predefined amount occurs when the input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  is a “quick swipe”-type input. In other words, in some embodiments, the unitary-movement criteria include a criterion that is met when liftoff of contact  1001  is detected within a first time period (e.g., 0.2, 0.4, or 1 seconds) of touchdown of the contact, and movement of the contact is greater than a first movement threshold (e.g., 0.1, 0.2 or 0.5 cm) but less than a second movement threshold (e.g., 1 or 2 cm). In some embodiments, the first movement threshold and the second movement threshold are defined in terms of contact movement needed on touch-sensitive surface  451  to move selection-indicator  1008  by a single UI element in the user interface (e.g., if 1 cm of movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface is needed to move the selection-indicator from a first UI element to a second UI element that is adjacent to the first UI element, the first movement threshold is optionally a first percentage of 1 cm (e.g., 10% of 1 cm), and the second movement threshold is optionally a second percentage of 1 cm (e.g., 100% of 1 cm)). 
     In some embodiments, moving selection-indicator  1008  by the predefined amount, and moving the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric, both comprise moving the selection-indicator in accordance with a direction of a movement of contact  1001  on touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., contact movement to the right on the touch-sensitive surface optionally moves the selection-indicator to the right, whether by the predefined amount or by the respective value of the movement metric—the same optionally holds for any direction of contact movement on the touch-sensitive surface). 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements  1002 ,  1004 , and  1006 , include a plurality of navigation columns (e.g., plurality of navigation columns adjacent to each other, each column including a plurality of vertically-arranged selectable items, such as content items to watch, applications to launch, etc.), and moving selection-indicator  1008  by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first navigation column to a second navigation column, adjacent to the first navigation column. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements  1002 ,  1004 , and  1006 , include a plurality of images, and moving selection-indicator  1008  by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first image to a second image, adjacent to the first image. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements  1002 ,  1004 , and  1006 , include a plurality of content items in a grid arrangement (e.g., movies, television shows, applications, games, etc., arranged in a grid, and selectable to access the respective content items), and moving selection-indicator  1008  by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first content item to a second content item, adjacent to the first content item. 
       FIG. 10D  illustrates another exemplary scheme for moving selection-indicator  1008  by a predefined amount in response to detecting an input on touch-sensitive surface  451 . As shown in  FIG. 10D , in some embodiments, selection-indicator  1008  is moved by a predefined amount (e.g., by a single user interface element) in response to detecting a tap input  1003  in one of edge regions  1010 ,  1012 ,  1014 ,  1016 , of touch-sensitive surface  451 . For example, a tap detected in edge region  1012  optionally moves selection-indicator  1008  to the right by one user interface element. Taps detected in edge regions  1010 ,  1014 , and  1016 , optionally result in movement of selection-indicator  1008  up, down, and to the left, respectively, by one user interface element. 
     In some embodiments, the unitary-movement criteria optionally include a criterion that is met when contact  1003  is detected in a first edge region (e.g., region  1012 ) of a plurality of edge regions (e.g., regions  1010 ,  1012 ,  1014 , and  1016 ) of touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., a top, bottom, right, and/or left outer 5%, 10% or 20% of the touch-sensitive surface), liftoff of the contact is detected within a first time period (e.g., 0.1, 0.3 or 0.5 seconds) of touchdown of the contact (e.g., a tap), and movement of the contact is less than a movement threshold (e.g., less than 0.1, 0.3 or 0.5 cm). In some embodiments, moving selection-indicator  1008  by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator in a direction that corresponds to the first edge region (e.g., region  1012 ) of touch-sensitive surface  451  in which contact  1003  was detected (e.g., tapping in the right edge region of the touch-sensitive surface optionally moves the selection-indicator in the UI to the right by the predefined amount). 
       FIGS. 11A-11D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  1100  of moving a cursor in a user interface by a predefined amount in accordance with some embodiments. The method  1100  is optionally performed at an electronic device such as device  500  as described above with reference to  FIG. 5 , including a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device. Some operations in method  1100  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1100  provides ways in which a device optionally moves a cursor in a user interface by a predefined amount in response to specified inputs. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interface conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device, such as device  500  in  FIG. 5 ) with one or more processors generates ( 1102 ) a user interface for display on a display device (e.g., a television or other display device). In some embodiments, the user interface includes a selection-indicator (e.g., a glow, highlight or outline around a currently selected user interface element, such as indicator  1008  in  FIG. 10A ) indicating a currently selected user interface element of a plurality of user interface elements ( 1104 ) (e.g., user interface elements  1002 ,  1004 , and  1006  in  FIG. 10A ). In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of navigation columns ( 1106 ) (e.g., plurality of navigation columns adjacent to each other, each column including a plurality of vertically-arranged selectable items, such as content items to watch, applications to launch, etc.). In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of images ( 1108 ). In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of content items in a grid arrangement ( 1110 ) (e.g., movies, television shows, games, etc., arranged in a grid, and selectable to access the respective content items). 
     In some embodiments, while the user interface is displayed on the display device, the device receives ( 1112 ) an indication of a first input that includes a contact (e.g., contact  1001  in  FIG. 10B ) detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display, such as touch-sensitive surface  451 ). In some embodiments, the first input corresponds to a respective value for a movement metric ( 1114 ) (e.g., a metric expressing how much the selection-indicator in the user interface should move based on how much the contact on the touch-sensitive surface moves. In other words, a metric based on a relationship of contact movement to selection-indicator movement). For example, the movement of contact  1001  on touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 10B  optionally corresponds to a value for a movement metric for moving selection-indicator  1008  in the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the first input ( 1116 ) (e.g., the input defined by movement of contact  1001  in  FIG. 10B ), the device determines ( 1118 ) whether the first input meets unitary-movement criteria (e.g., criteria that, when met, cause the selection-indicator in the user interface (e.g., indicator  1008  in  FIG. 10B ) to move by a predefined amount, such as by a single user interface element). In some embodiments, the unitary-movement criteria include a criterion that is met when liftoff of the contact (e.g., contact  1001  in  FIG. 10B ) is detected within a first time period (e.g., 0.2, 0.4, or 1 seconds) of touchdown of the contact, and movement of the contact is greater than a first movement threshold (e.g., 0.1, 0.2 or 0.5 cm) but less than a second movement threshold ( 1120 ) (e.g., 1 or 2 cm). In some embodiments, the first movement threshold and the second movement threshold are defined in terms of contact movement needed on the touch-sensitive surface to move the selection-indicator by a single UI element in the user interface ( 1122 ) (e.g., if 1 cm of movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface is needed to move the selection-indicator from a first UI object (e.g., user interface element  1002 ) to a second UI object (e.g., user interface element  1004 ) that is adjacent to the first UI object, the first movement threshold is optionally a first percentage of 1 cm (e.g., 10% of 1 cm), and the second movement threshold is optionally a second percentage of 1 cm (e.g., 100% of 1 cm)). 
     In some embodiments, the unitary-movement criteria include a criterion that is met when the contact (e.g., contact  1003  in  FIG. 10D ) is detected in a first edge region (e.g., region  1012  in  FIG. 10D ) of a plurality of edge regions of the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a top, bottom, right, and/or left outer 5%, 10% or 20% of the touch-sensitive surface, as illustrated in  FIG. 10D ), liftoff of the contact is detected within a first time period (e.g., 0.1, 0.3 or 0.5 seconds) of touchdown of the contact (e.g., a tap), and movement of the contact is less than a movement threshold ( 1124 ) (e.g., less than 0.1, 0.3 or 0.5 cm). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the first input meets the unitary-movement criteria, the device moves ( 1126 ) the selection-indicator by a predefined amount in the user interface (e.g., a predefined amount not based on the respective value for the selection-indicator movement metric. In some embodiments, the respective value for the movement metric can be less than a value that would cause the selection-indicator in the user interface to be moved by one unit, or greater than a value that would cause the selection-indicator in the user interface to be moved by one unit). In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount in the user interface comprises moving the selection-indicator to indicate selection of an adjacent user interface element in the plurality of user interface elements ( 1128 ) (e.g., as illustrated in  FIGS. 10C and 10D ). In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator in accordance with a direction of a movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface ( 1130 ) (e.g., contact movement to the right on the touch-sensitive surface will move the selection-indicator to the right, as illustrated in  FIG. 10C ). In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator in a direction that corresponds to the first edge region of the touch-sensitive surface in which the contact was detected ( 1132 ) (e.g., tapping in the right edge region of the touch-sensitive surface will move the selection-indicator in the UI to the right by the predefined amount, as illustrated in  FIG. 10D ). In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first navigation column to a second navigation column, adjacent to the first navigation column ( 1134 ). In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first image to a second image, adjacent to the first image ( 1136 ). In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first content item to a second content item, adjacent to the first content item ( 1138 ). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the first input does not meet the unitary-movement criteria, the device moves ( 1140 ) the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric associated with the first input (e.g., moving the selection-indicator in the user interface by an amount defined by the magnitude of movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, this is optionally beyond the predefined amount that the selection-indicator would move if the first input met the unitary movement criteria). Such movement of the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric associated with the first input is illustrated in  FIG. 10B . In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric comprises moving the selection-indicator in accordance with a direction of a movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface ( 1142 ) (e.g., contact movement to the right on the touch-sensitive surface will move the selection-indicator to the right, as illustrated in  FIG. 10B ). 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 11A-11D  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1300  and  1500 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1100  described above with respect to  FIGS. 11A-11D . For example, the user interface, display device and touch-sensitive surface described above with reference to method  1100  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, display devices and touch-sensitive surfaces described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1300  and  1500 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A, 3 and 5 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 11A-11D  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . For example, generation operation  1102 , receiving operation  1112 , determination operation  1118 , and moving operations  1126  and  1140  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Grip Recognition 
     A device with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a remote control with a touch-sensitive surface) may be used to interact with an electronic device. Some people using the device (e.g., the remote) to interact with the electronic device may hold the device differently than other people using the device. This difference in grip may result in users providing input to the touch-sensitive surface that, while meant to be the same input, looks slightly different based on the grip of the device (e.g., whether the user is holding the device in the user&#39;s right hand or the user&#39;s left hand, and whether the user is providing the input to the touch-sensitive surface using the user&#39;s right hand or the user&#39;s left hand). Thus, it can be beneficial to interpret inputs to the touch-sensitive surface based on the grip of the user to improve the accuracy of gesture detection (e.g., by more accurately determining user intent for a gesture based on a grip of the user while detecting the gesture). The embodiments described below provide ways to allow for such input interpretation by an electronic device. Enhancing interactions with a device in this way reduces the amount of time needed by a user to perform operations, and thus reduces the power usage of the device and increases battery life for battery-powered devices. 
       FIGS. 12A-12E  illustrate exemplary ways in which inputs on a touch-sensitive surface are interpreted based on the grip of a user in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. The embodiments in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes described with reference to  FIGS. 13A-13C . 
       FIG. 12A  illustrates an exemplary input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  of a device. Touch-sensitive surface  451  is optionally included in a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display, such as remote  510  in  FIG. 5 ). The device is optionally used to interact with an electronic device, such as device  500  in  FIG. 5 . Additionally, the device is optionally a device that is held in one hand, and a user is optionally able to provide input to touch-sensitive surface  451  using a finger on the same hand in which the user is holding the device. For example, the device is optionally a remote control having touch-sensitive surface  451 . The remote control is optionally held in either the user&#39;s right hand or left hand, and input to touch-sensitive surface  451  on the remote control is optionally provided by the thumb, for example, of the hand in which the user is holding the remote control. 
     The input detected on touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally includes movement of contact  1201  (e.g., a finger contact or stylus contact), as illustrated. In some embodiments, contact  1201  optionally corresponds to a thumb contact, as described above. 
     As stated above, it can be beneficial to interpret the movement of contact  1201  based on a determined grip of the user holding a device that includes touch-sensitive surface  451 , because the grip of the user optionally affects the shape of the movement of the contact. For example, a left-to-right horizontal swipe might look like the movement of contact  1201 , as illustrated in  FIG. 12A , when inputted by a user&#39;s right thumb when the user is holding the device that includes touch-sensitive surface  451  in the user&#39;s right hand. In such a circumstance, the electronic device (e.g., device  500  in  FIG. 5 ) with which the device with touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., remote  510  in  FIG. 5 ) interacts optionally uses knowledge of the user&#39;s grip to interpret the movement of contact  1201  to be a left-to-right horizontal swipe, despite the fact that the beginning of the movement of the contact has upward trajectory. In contrast, if the electronic device has knowledge that the user is holding the device that includes touch-sensitive surface  451  in the user&#39;s left hand, the electronic device optionally interprets the movement of contact  1201  to be more than just a left-to-right horizontal swipe, because a left-to-right horizontal swipe inputted by, for example, the user&#39;s left thumb while holding the device in the user&#39;s left hand optionally does not look like the movement of contact  1201 , as illustrated in  FIG. 12A . 
     To facilitate such grip-specific interpretations of inputs, in some embodiments, the electronic device determines a grip of a user using the device (e.g., determines whether the device that includes touch-sensitive surface  451  is being held in a user&#39;s right hand or the user&#39;s left hand). The electronic device optionally interprets the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., contact  1201  on touch-sensitive surface  451 ) based at least in part on the grip of the user. For example, the electronic device optionally interprets the movement of the contact as a first gesture (e.g., a horizontal swipe) if the grip is determined to be right-handed, and interprets the movement of the contact as a second gesture (e.g., a vertical swipe plus a horizontal swipe) if the grip is determined to be left-handed. 
     In some embodiments, determining the grip of the user using the device comprises determining the grip of the user using the device based at least in part on an orientation of the device. In some embodiments, determining the grip of the user using the device comprises determining the grip of the user using the device based on an average orientation of the device over a most recent predetermined time period (e.g., 30, 90, or 180 seconds). In some embodiments, the orientation of the device is determined based on an accelerometer or other orientation sensor in the device. 
     Because the electronic device optionally interprets movement of a contact differently based on a determined grip of a user, actions resulting from the movement of the contact are optionally also different based on the grip of the user, as illustrated in  FIGS. 12B-12C . Thus, in some embodiments, interpreting the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., the movement of contact  1201  on touch-sensitive surface  451 ) based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises, in accordance with a determination that the grip is a first grip (e.g., right-handed grip, as shown in  FIG. 12B ), performing a first action in response to the first input, and, in accordance with a determination that the grip is a second grip (e.g., left-handed grip, as shown in  FIG. 12C ), different from the first grip, performing a second action in response to the first input, different from the first action. With respect to the input shown in  FIG. 12A , in some embodiments, the first action is optionally a purely horizontal movement of a cursor in a user interface (e.g., a purely horizontal movement of cursor  1210  in  FIG. 12B  in response to the upward and rightward movement of contact  1201 ); the second action is optionally a vertical movement of the cursor in the user interface, followed by a horizontal movement of the cursor in the user interface (which mirrors the movement of contact  1201  on touch-sensitive surface  451 , such as the upward and rightward movement of cursor  1210  in  FIG. 12C  in response to the upward and rightward movement of contact  1201 ). Thus, as illustrated in  FIGS. 12B-12C , the same movement of contact  1201  on touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally produces different actions depending on the determined grip of the user. 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device provides feedback information for display on a display device (e.g., a television or other display device), the feedback information including information about the determined grip of the user using the device, and the interpretation of the movement of contact  1201  on touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., the electronic device displays feedback after interpreting the movement of the contact to inform the user of the grip/gesture detected, possibly allowing the user to correct the grip determination or the contact movement interpretation). 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device optionally ignores different portions of the movement of contact  1201  depending on the determined grip of the user, as will be described in more detail below. 
       FIG. 12D  illustrates an exemplary scenario in which the electronic device ignores a first portion of the movement of contact  1201 . In some embodiments, interpreting the movement of contact  1201  on touch-sensitive surface  451  based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises, in accordance with a determination that the grip is a first grip (e.g., right-handed grip), ignoring a first portion  1202  of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, the electronic device optionally ignores portion  1202  of the movement of contact  1201 , and relies only on portion  1204  of the movement of the contact in interpreting the movement of the contact. 
     In some embodiments, the first grip comprises a right-handed grip, and ignoring the first portion of the movement of contact  1201  comprises, in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from right to left on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring an end of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, ignoring the first portion of the movement of contact comprises, in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from left to right on the touch-sensitive surface (as illustrated in  FIG. 12D ), ignoring a beginning (e.g., portion  1202 ) of the movement of the contact. For example, if the grip is right-handed, the joint of the finger (e.g., thumb) providing the contact will optionally be to the right of the touch-sensitive surface on the device. The one or more portions of the first input detected at a location on the touch-sensitive surface far from the joint (e.g., portion  1202  in  FIG. 12D ) are optionally distorted due to reaching the limit of the finger&#39;s extension—those portions are optionally ignored. 
       FIG. 12E  illustrates an exemplary scenario in which the electronic device ignores a second portion of the movement of contact  1201 . In some embodiments, interpreting the movement of contact  1201  on touch-sensitive surface  451  based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises, in accordance with a determination that the grip is a second grip (e.g., left-handed grip), different from the first grip, ignoring a second portion  1208  of the movement of contact  1201 , different from the first portion  1202  of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, the electronic device optionally ignores portion  1208  of the movement of contact  1201 , and relies only on portion  1206  of the movement of the contact in interpreting the movement of the contact. 
     In some embodiments, the second grip comprises a left-handed grip, and ignoring the second portion of the movement of contact  1201  comprises, in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from right to left on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring a beginning of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, ignoring the second portion of the movement of the contact comprises, in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from left to right on the touch-sensitive surface (as illustrated in  FIG. 12E ), ignoring an end (e.g., portion  1208 ) of the movement of the contact. For example, if the grip is left-handed, the joint of the finger (e.g., thumb) providing the contact will optionally be to the left of the touch-sensitive surface on the device. The one or more portions of the first input detected at a location on the touch-sensitive surface far from the joint (e.g., portion  1208  in  FIG. 12E ) are optionally distorted due to reaching the limit of the finger&#39;s extension—those portions are optionally ignored. 
       FIGS. 13A-13C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  1300  of interpreting an input detected on a touch-sensitive surface based on the grip of a user in accordance with some embodiments. The method  1300  is optionally performed at an electronic device such as device  500  as described above with reference to  FIG. 5 , including a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device. Some operations in method  1300  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1300  provides ways in which inputs on a touch-sensitive surface are optionally interpreted based on the grip of a user. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interface conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device, such as device  500  in  FIG. 5 ) with one or more processors receives ( 1302 ) an indication of a first input that includes movement of a contact (e.g., a finger contact or stylus contact, such as contact  1201  in  FIG. 12A . In some embodiments, the contact optionally corresponds to a thumb contact) detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display, such as touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG. 12A ). 
     In some embodiments, the device determines ( 1304 ) a grip of a user using the device (e.g., the device determines whether the device is being held in the user&#39;s right hand or the user&#39;s left hand). In some embodiments, determining the grip of the user using the device comprises determining the grip of the user using the device based at least in part on an orientation of the device ( 1306 ). In some embodiments, determining the grip of the user using the device comprises determining the grip of the user using the device based on an average orientation of the device over a most recent predetermined time period ( 1308 ) (e.g., 30, 90, or 180 seconds). In some embodiments, the orientation of the device is determined based on an accelerometer or other orientation sensor in the device ( 1310 ). 
     In some embodiments, the device interprets ( 1312 ) the movement of the contact (e.g., contact  1201  in  FIG. 12A ) on the touch-sensitive surface based at least in part on the grip of the user (e.g., the device interprets the movement of the contact as a first gesture (e.g., horizontal swipe) if the grip is determined to be right-handed, and interprets the movement of the contact as a second gesture (e.g., vertical swipe+horizontal swipe) if the grip is determined to be left-handed). In some embodiments, interpreting the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises ( 1314 ), in accordance with a determination that the grip is a first grip (e.g., a right-handed grip), performing ( 1316 ) a first action in response to the first input. In some embodiments, interpreting the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises ( 1314 ), in accordance with a determination that the grip is a second grip (e.g., a left-handed grip), different from the first grip, performing ( 1318 ) a second action in response to the first input, different from the first action. For example, the movement of contact  1201  illustrated in  FIG. 12A  optionally results in performance of a first action if the user&#39;s grip is determined to be right-handed, and a second action if the user&#39;s grip is determined to be left-handed. 
     In some embodiments, interpreting the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises ( 1320 ), in accordance with a determination that the grip is a first grip (e.g., a right-handed grip), ignoring ( 1322 ) a first portion (e.g., portion  1202  in  FIG. 12D ) of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, the first grip comprises a right-handed grip ( 1324 ). In some embodiments, ignoring the first portion of the movement of the contact comprises ( 1326 ), in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from right to left on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring ( 1328 ) an end of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, ignoring the first portion of the movement of the contact comprises ( 1326 ), in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from left to right on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring ( 1330 ) a beginning (e.g., portion  1202  in  FIG. 12D ) of the movement of the contact (e.g., if the grip is right-handed, the joint of the finger (e.g., thumb) providing the contact is optionally to the right of the touch-sensitive surface on the device. The portions of the first input detected at a location on the touch-sensitive surface far from the joint (e.g., portion  1202  in  FIG. 12D ) are optionally distorted due to reaching the limit of the finger&#39;s extension. Those portions are optionally ignored). The remaining portions of the first input (e.g., portion  1204  in  FIG. 12D ) are optionally not ignored. 
     In some embodiments, interpreting the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises ( 1320 ), in accordance with a determination that the grip is a second grip (e.g., a left-handed grip), different from the first grip, ignoring ( 1332 ) a second portion (e.g., portion  1208  in  FIG. 12E ) of the movement of the contact, different from the first portion of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, the second grip comprises a left-handed grip ( 1334 ). In some embodiments, ignoring the second portion of the movement of the contact comprises ( 1336 ), in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from right to left on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring ( 1338 ) a beginning of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, ignoring the second portion of the movement of the contact comprises ( 1336 ), in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from left to right on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring ( 1340 ) an end (e.g., portion  1208  in  FIG. 12E ) of the movement of the contact. For example, if the grip is left-handed, the joint of the finger (e.g., thumb) providing the contact is optionally to the left of the touch-sensitive surface on the device. The portions of the first input detected at a location on the touch-sensitive surface far from the joint are optionally distorted due to reaching the limit of the finger&#39;s extension. Those portions are optionally ignored. The remaining portions of the first input (e.g., portion  1206  in  FIG. 12E ) are optionally not ignored. 
     In some embodiments, the device provides ( 1342 ) feedback information for display on a display device (e.g., a television or other display device), the feedback information including information about the determined grip of the user using the device, and the interpretation of the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., the electronic device displays feedback after interpreting the movement of the contact to inform the user of the grip/gesture detected, possibly allowing the user to correct the grip determination or the contact movement interpretation). 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 13A-13C  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100  and  1500 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1300  described above with respect to  FIGS. 13A-13C . For example, the touch-sensitive surface described above with reference to method  1300  optionally has one or more of the characteristics of the touch-sensitive surfaces described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100  and  1500 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A, 3 and 5 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 13A-13C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . For example, receiving operation  1302 , determination operation  1304 , and interpretation operation  1312  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     Character Recognition 
     There are many instances in which a user may wish to provide text input to an electronic device (e.g., to provide a username or a password). Providing such text input using handwritten input is often simpler for a user than having to use an onscreen keyboard. Thus, it can be beneficial for an electronic device to provide a robust handwritten input user interface such that user interaction with the electronic device is enhanced. The embodiments described below provide ways for providing such a handwritten input user interface. Enhancing interactions with a device in this way reduces the amount of time needed by a user to perform operations, and thus reduces the power usage of the device and increases battery life for battery-powered devices. 
       FIGS. 14A-14C  illustrate exemplary ways in which an electronic device presents a handwritten input user interface according to some embodiments of the disclosure. The embodiments in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes described with reference to  FIGS. 15A-15D . 
       FIG. 14A  illustrates an exemplary handwritten input user interface displayed on display  450 . The user interface optionally includes text entry field  1402 . Text entry field  1402  is optionally any area of the user interface into which text is to be inputted, such as a search field, a web address field, and/or a username/password field. Text (e.g., letters, numbers, words, symbols, etc.) is optionally inputted into text entry field  1402  by providing handwritten input on touch-sensitive surface  451 . 
     In some embodiments, the handwritten input provided on touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally corresponds to more than one character (e.g., letter, number, symbol, etc.). For example, the movement of contact  1401  on touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally corresponds to a lower case “c” and an upper case “C”, as both the lower case “c” and the upper case “C” are optionally associated with the same or similar contact movement on the touch-sensitive surface. The movement of contact  1401  optionally also corresponds to an “O” and a “0”, because the movement optionally corresponds to respective portions of the “O” and the “0” characters. In such circumstances, the electronic device optionally needs to determine which of the plurality of characters to which the movement of contact  1401  corresponds to input into text entry field  1402 . In some embodiments, this determination optionally depends on whether text entry field  1402  is tolerant of character ambiguity. 
     In some embodiments, text entry field  1402  is optionally tolerant of character ambiguity. In other words, text entry field  1402  is optionally a text entry field in which some ambiguity about the characters entered into the text entry field is acceptable. For example, if text entry field  1402  is a web address field (e.g., a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) field), the cases, for example, of characters entered into the text entry field are optionally unimportant. In such circumstances, entering “www.xyz.com” in text entry field  1402  is optionally equally as acceptable as entering “www.xYz.com” in the text entry field, because the cases of characters in a URL address are optionally ignored when resolving the URL address. The above discussion optionally similarly applies to other kinds of character ambiguity in addition to character case ambiguity, such as ambiguity as to whether a character is a letter or a number (e.g., O vs 0). 
     In circumstances in which text entry field  1402  is tolerant of character ambiguity, in response to receiving an input that optionally corresponds to a plurality of candidate characters (e.g., the movement of contact  1401  that optionally corresponds to a lower case “c” and an upper case “C”), the electronic device optionally displays a top candidate character (e.g., the candidate character that the electronic device determines is the best match for the handwritten input) in the text entry field. As shown in  FIG. 14A , in some embodiments, the electronic device is displaying an upper case “C”  1404  in text entry field  1402  in response to the input received on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In some embodiments, the determination as to whether text entry field  1402  is tolerant of character ambiguity is made after receiving an indication of the end of the input received on touch-sensitive surface  451 . 
     However, in some circumstances, a text entry field in a user interface is optionally not tolerant of character ambiguity. 
       FIG. 14B  illustrates an exemplary handwritten input user interface displayed on display  450  when a text entry field in the user interface is not tolerant of character ambiguity. The user interface optionally includes text entry field  1410 . Text entry field  1410  is optionally any area of the user interface into which text is to be inputted, such as a search field, a web address field, and/or a username/password field, as discussed above. Text (e.g., letters, numbers, words, symbols, etc.) is optionally inputted into text entry field  1410  by providing handwritten input using touch-sensitive surface  451 , as discussed above. 
     In some embodiments, text entry field  1410  is optionally not tolerant of character ambiguity. In other words, text entry field  1410  is optionally a text entry field in which ambiguity about the characters entered into the text entry field is not acceptable. For example, if text entry field  1410  is a password entry field, the cases, for example, of characters entered into the text entry field are optionally important. In such circumstances, entering “xyz” in text entry field  1410  is optionally not equally as acceptable as entering “xYz” in the text entry field, because the cases of characters in a password are optionally not ignored when determining whether a password is a correct password. The above discussion optionally similarly applies to other kinds of character ambiguity in addition to character case ambiguity, such as ambiguity as to whether a character is a letter or a number (e.g., O vs 0). 
     In circumstances in which text entry field  1410  is not tolerant of character ambiguity, in response to receiving an input that optionally corresponds to a plurality of candidate characters (e.g., the movement of contact  1401  that optionally corresponds to a lower case “c” and an upper case “C”), the electronic device optionally displays at least two character selection options  1406  that correspond to at least two of the plurality of candidate characters. These character selection options  1406  optionally allow a user to indicate which of the character selection options should be inputted in text entry field  1410 . As shown in  FIG. 14B , in some embodiments, the electronic device is displaying character selection options  1406  that include an upper case “C”, a lower case “c”, an “O”, and a “0” in response to the input received on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In some embodiments, the determination as to whether text entry field  1410  is tolerant of character ambiguity is made after receiving an indication of the end of the input received on touch-sensitive surface  451 . In some embodiments, one of character selection options  1406  is optionally selected to input the selected character option into text entry field  1410 . 
       FIG. 14C  illustrates an exemplary handwritten input user interface displayed on display  450  when a character selection option is selected in response to a selection input. As discussed above, one of character selection options  1406  is optionally selected to input that selected character option into text entry field  1410 . Selection of one of character selection options  1406  is optionally accomplished in any appropriate manner. As shown in  FIG. 14C , in some embodiments, selection of a character selection option is in response to detecting an input in a region of touch-sensitive surface  451  that corresponds to the character selection option. 
     Specifically, character selection options  1406  are optionally displayed in a layout similar to a layout of touch-sensitive surface  451 . As shown in  FIG. 14C , in some embodiments, character selection options  1406  are displayed in a 2×2 grid, and touch-sensitive surface  451  has a 2×2 grid of regions. Detection of an input (e.g., a tap or a click) in one of the regions of touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally results in selection of the character selection option that is in the grid region corresponding to the region on touch-sensitive surface in which the input was detected. For example, detection of an input in the upper-left region of touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally results in selection of character selection option “C”, detection of an input in the lower-left region of touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally results in selection of character selection option “O”, detection of an input in the lower-right region of touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally results in selection of character selection option “0”, and detection of an input in the upper-right region of touch-sensitive surface  451  optionally results in selection of character selection option “c”. As shown in  FIG. 14C , in some embodiments, contact  1403  has been detected in the upper-right region of touch-sensitive surface  451 , and as a result, lower case “c”  1408  has been selected and inputted into text entry field  1410 . As such, the electronic device allows a user to specify which character the user wishes to input to the device when ambiguity as to the handwritten character exists. 
     In some embodiments, ambiguity as to the character being inputted on touch-sensitive surface  451  is optionally resolved by the device in response to further handwritten input being detected by using the further handwritten input to further narrow the possible characters to a single most-probable character. For example, a first portion of the handwritten input optionally corresponds to the upper case and lower case versions of a character (e.g., the downward stroke of a lower case “l” and an upper case “L”). However, as a second portion of the handwritten input is detected (e.g., the horizontal stroke of an upper case “L”), the first and second portions of the handwritten input together optionally define the case of the character. In such circumstances, character selection options (e.g., character selection options  1406 ) are optionally displayed in response to detecting the first portion of the handwritten input, and are optionally no longer displayed in response to detecting the second portion of the handwritten input, which optionally resolves the ambiguity of the character being inputted, as described above. In some embodiments, character ambiguity is resolved because the first and second portions of the handwritten input together define a different character that does not have ambiguous case (e.g., the first portion of the handwritten input optionally corresponds to a lower case “l” and an upper case “L”, as above, and the second portion of the handwritten input optionally defines the character to be a “D” rather than an “l” or an “L”. In some embodiments, the first and second portions of the handwritten input together define a number instead of a letter, and thus the character ambiguity is resolved—for example, the first portion of the handwritten input optionally corresponds to a lower case “l” and an upper case “L”, as above, and the second portion of the handwritten input optionally defines the character to be a “4”). 
       FIGS. 15A-15D  are flow diagrams illustrating a method  1500  of detecting handwritten input in accordance with some embodiments. The method  1500  is optionally performed at an electronic device such as device  500  as described above with reference to  FIG. 5 , including a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device. Some operations in method  1500  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1500  provides ways in which a device optionally responds to receiving an indication of an input that corresponds to a plurality of candidate characters. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device, and reduces the need for the user to physically interact with the device, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interface conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device, such as device  500  in  FIG. 5 ) with one or more processors generates ( 1502 ) a user interface for display on a display device (e.g., a television or other display device, such as display  450  in  FIG. 14A ). In some embodiments, the user interface includes a text entry field ( 1504 ) (e.g., search field, web address field, username/password fields, etc., such as text entry fields  1402  and  1410  in  FIGS. 14A-14C ). 
     In some embodiments, while the user interface is displayed on the display device, the device receives ( 1506 ) an indication of a first input that includes movement of a contact (e.g., a finger contact or stylus contact, such as contact  1401  in  FIGS. 14A-14B ) detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display, such as touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIGS. 14A-14B ). In some embodiments, the movement of the contact corresponds to a plurality of candidate characters ( 1508 ) (e.g., a letter, a number, a word, a symbol, etc., such as described with reference to  FIGS. 14A-14B ). 
     In some embodiments, in response receiving the indication of the first input ( 1510 ), in accordance with a determination that the text entry field is tolerant of character ambiguity (e.g., a search field; that is, a text entry field for which upper vs. lower case character input does not matter, for example, such as text entry field  1402  in  FIG. 14A ), the device displays ( 1512 ) a top candidate character of the plurality of candidate characters in the text entry field (e.g., the device optionally automatically selects the top candidate if case does not matter, such as character  1404  in  FIG. 14A ). In some embodiments, the character ambiguity comprises ambiguity as to the case of a character entered into the text entry field ( 1514 ) (e.g., s vs S). In some embodiments, the character ambiguity comprises ambiguity as to whether a character entered into the text entry field is a letter or a number ( 1516 ) (e.g., O vs 0). In some embodiments, the determination as to the character ambiguity tolerance of the text entry field is made after receiving an indication of an end of the first input ( 1518 ). 
     In some embodiments, in response receiving the indication of the first input ( 1510 ), in accordance with a determination that the text entry field is not tolerant of character ambiguity (e.g., a username or password field, such as text entry field  1410  in  FIG. 14B ), the device displays ( 1520 ) a plurality of character selection options (e.g., character selection options  1406  in  FIG. 14B ) that correspond to at least two of the plurality of candidate characters (e.g., the device displays a lower case and upper case version of a character. In some embodiments, a desired character is optionally selected to input the selected character into the text entry field). In some embodiments, the character ambiguity comprises ambiguity as to the case of a character entered into the text entry field ( 1522 ). In some embodiments, the character ambiguity comprises ambiguity as to whether a character entered into the text entry field is a letter or a number ( 1524 ). In some embodiments, the text entry field is determined to be a text entry field that is not tolerant of character ambiguity when the text entry field is a password entry field ( 1526 ). In some embodiments, the determination as to the character ambiguity tolerance of the text entry field is made after receiving an indication of an end of the first input ( 1528 ). In some embodiments, the plurality of character selection options includes an upper case version and a lower case version of a character ( 1530 ) (as illustrated in  FIG. 14B ). 
     In some embodiments, the device receives ( 1532 ) an indication of a second input (e.g., contact  1403  in  FIG. 14C ) detected on the touch-sensitive surface of the device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display). In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the second input ( 1534 ), in accordance with a determination that the second input corresponds to the lower case version of the character (e.g., a tap in a specific region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device associated with the lower case version of the character, or a particular gesture associated with the lower case version of the character. For example, in  FIG. 14C , contact  1403  detected in the upper-right region of touch-sensitive surface  451 ), the device inputs ( 1536 ) the lower case version of the character into the text entry field (e.g., lower case “c”  1408  into text entry field  1410  in  FIG. 14C ). In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the second input ( 1534 ), in accordance with a determination that the second input corresponds to the upper case version of the character (e.g., a tap in a specific region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device associated with the upper case version of the character, or a particular gesture associated with the upper case version of the character. For example, in  FIG. 14C , a contact detected in the upper-left region of touch-sensitive surface  451 ), the device inputs ( 1538 ) the upper case version of the character into the text entry field. 
     In some embodiments, a first region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface of a remote control or a portable multifunction device with a touchscreen display) is associated with a first candidate character of the plurality of candidate characters (e.g., the upper-right region of touch-sensitive surface  451  being associated with the lower case “c” in character selection options  1406  in  FIG. 14C ), and a second region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device, different than the first region, is associated with a second candidate character of the plurality of candidate characters ( 1540 ) (e.g., the upper-left region of touch-sensitive surface  451  being associated with the upper case “C” in character selection options  1406  in  FIG. 14C ). In some embodiments, the relative location of the first region on the touch-sensitive surface to the second region on the touch-sensitive surface is the same as the relative location of the first candidate character to the second candidate character in the user interface. That is, the plurality of character selection options is displayed in a layout similar to a layout of the touch-sensitive surface of the device. In some embodiments, the device receives ( 1542 ) an indication of a second input (e.g., tap or tap-and-click) detected on the touch-sensitive surface of the device. In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the second input ( 1544 ), in accordance with a determination that the second input was detected on the first region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device, the device inputs ( 1546 ) the first candidate character into the text entry field. In some embodiments, in response to receiving the indication of the second input ( 1544 ), in accordance with a determination that the second input was detected on the second region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device, the device inputs ( 1548 ) the second candidate character into the text entry field. For example, the plurality of character selection options are optionally displayed as a 2×2 grid in the user interface (as illustrated in  FIG. 14C ), with a first character in the top-left, a second character in the top-right, a third character in the bottom-right, and a fourth character in the bottom-left. Selection of a respective one of the characters is optionally accomplished by tapping in the region on the touch-sensitive surface (top-left, top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left) corresponding to the region in the grid in which the respective character is displayed, as illustrated in  FIG. 14C . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS. 15A-15D  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100  and  1300 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1500  described above with respect to  FIGS. 15A-15D . For example, the user interface, display device and touch-sensitive surface described above with reference to method  1500  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, display devices and touch-sensitive surfaces described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100  and  1300 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS. 1A, 3 and 5 ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 15A-15D  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . For example, generation operation  1502 , receiving operation  1506 , and displaying operations  1512  and  1520  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B . 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 16  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1600  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 16  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 16 , an electronic device  1600  optionally includes a receiving unit  1602  configured to receive inputs, and a processing unit  1604  coupled to the receiving unit  1602 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1604  includes a display enabling unit  1606 , a determining unit  1608 , a performing unit  1610  and a detecting unit  1612 . 
     In some embodiments, the receiving unit  1602  is configured to receive an indication of a first input that includes a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device, wherein the touch-sensitive surface includes a plurality of predefined regions and each predefined region of the plurality of predefined regions is selectable to perform an associated functionality. In some embodiments, the processing unit  1604  is configured to generate a user interface for display on a display device (e.g., with display enabling unit  1606 ), in response to receiving the indication of the first input: determine whether the contact has been detected for longer than a first time period (e.g., with the determining unit  1608 ); and in accordance with a determination that the contact meets functionality display criteria that include a criterion that is met when the contact has been detected for longer than the first time period, determine functionality information for display in the user interface, the functionality information including information about a first functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities (e.g., with the determining unit  1608 ). 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1604  is further configured to, in accordance with a determination that the contact does not meet the functionality display criteria, forgo determination of the functionality information including the information about the first functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities (e.g., with the determining unit  1608 ). 
     In some embodiments, the functionality information comprises an overlay displayed over a moving image or a still image in the user interface. In some embodiments, the functionality display criteria include a criterion that is met when the contact has moved less than a first movement threshold during the first time period. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to, in accordance with a determination that the functionality display criteria has not been met because the contact has moved more than the first movement threshold during the first time period, forgo determination of the functionality information including the information about the first functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities (e.g., with determining unit  1608 ). 
     In some embodiments, the information about the first functionality comprises a visual cue for performing the first functionality. In some embodiments, the information about the first functionality is displayed at a first location in the user interface, the first location corresponding to a first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface associated with the first functionality. In some embodiments, the functionality information further includes second information about a second functionality of the plurality of associated functionalities, the second information is displayed at a second location in the user interface, the second location corresponding to a second predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface associated with the second functionality, and a relative positioning of the first location in the user interface with respect to the second location in the user interface corresponds to a relative positioning of the first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface with respect to the second predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, the receiving unit  1602  is further configured to receive an indication of a second input detected on a first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface that is associated with the first functionality, and the processing unit  1604  is further configured to, in response to receiving the indication of the second input, perform the first functionality associated with the first predefined region (e.g., with performing unit  1610 ). 
     In some embodiments, detecting the second input comprises detecting the second input concurrently with the contact on the touch-sensitive surface of the device. In some embodiments, detecting the second input comprises detecting a second contact on the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device. In some embodiments, detecting the second input comprises detecting an increase in an intensity of the contact above a first predetermined intensity threshold. 
     In some embodiments, the receiving unit  1602  is further configured to receive an indication of a third input detected on the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface that is associated with the first functionality, wherein detecting the third input comprises detecting a second increase in the intensity of the contact above a second predetermined intensity threshold, the second predetermined intensity threshold being greater than the first predetermined intensity threshold, and the processing unit  1604  is further configured to, in response to receiving the indication of the third input, forgo performance of the first functionality associated with the first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., with performing unit  1610 ), and perform a second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., with performing unit  1610 ), the second functionality being different than the first functionality. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1604  is further configured to, prior to performing the second functionality, replace the functionality information in the user interface with second functionality information (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1606 ), the second functionality information including second information about the second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, detecting the second input further comprises detecting the contact on the touch-sensitive surface of the device for longer than a second time period after detecting the increase in the intensity of the contact above the first predetermined intensity threshold, and the processing unit  1604  is further configured to, in response to receiving the indication of the second input, forgo performance of the first functionality associated with the first predefined region on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., with the performing unit  1610 ), and perform a second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., with the performing unit  1610 ), the second functionality being different than the first functionality. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to, prior to performing the second functionality, replace the functionality information in the user interface with second functionality information (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1606 ), the second functionality information including second information about the second functionality associated with the first predefined region of the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the device comprises an input device, and the input device and the display device are separate devices. 
     In some embodiments, a first predefined region of the plurality of predefined regions on the touch-sensitive surface of the device is associated with a first set of functionalities, the first set of functionalities including the first functionality, and determining the functionality information for display in response to receiving the indication of the first input comprises: determining a current context of the user interface; and selecting the first functionality from the first set of functionalities based on the current context of the user interface. In some embodiments, selecting the first functionality from the first set of functionalities based on the current context of the user interface includes: in accordance with a determination that the current context is a first context, the first functionality corresponds to a first operation; and in accordance with a determination that the current context is a second context, different from the first context, the first functionality corresponds to a second operation, different from the first operation. 
     In some embodiments, a second predefined region of the plurality of predefined regions on the touch-sensitive surface of the device is associated with a second set of functionalities, the second set of functionalities including a second functionality; and determining the functionality information for display in response to receiving the indication of the first input further comprises: selecting the second functionality from the second set of functionalities based on the current context of the user interface, wherein: in accordance with the determination that the current context is the first context, the first functionality corresponds to the first operation, and the second functionality corresponds to a third operation different from the first operation and the second operation; and in accordance with the determination that the current context is the second context, the first functionality corresponds to the second operation, and the second functionality corresponds to a fourth operation different from the first operation, the second operation, and the third operation. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities includes navigation functionalities for navigating in the user interface. In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities includes navigation functionalities for navigating content in the user interface. In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities includes navigation functionalities for navigating one or more content bars in the user interface. In some embodiments, the plurality of associated functionalities includes information functionalities for presenting information about content in the user interface. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 17  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1700  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 17  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 17 , an electronic device  1700  optionally includes a receiving unit  1702  configured to receive inputs, and a processing unit  1704  coupled to the receiving unit  1702 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1704  includes an obtaining unit  1706 , a display enabling unit  1708 , a moving unit  1710  and a determining unit  1712 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1704  is configured to: obtain information that identifies a sequence of content items that includes a plurality of content items (e.g., with the obtaining unit  1706 ); while a respective content item from the plurality of content items is a currently selected content item, generate a user interface for display on a display device (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1708 ), wherein the user interface includes: a representation of a current position in the respective content item; and a navigation bar that includes a plurality of images corresponding to different positions in the respective content item and a representation of a first adjacent content item in the plurality of content items that is adjacent to the respective content item in the sequence of content items; and provide the user interface to the display device (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1708 ). 
     In some embodiments, the representation of the first adjacent content item in the navigation bar comprises an image from a position in the first adjacent content item. In some embodiments, the navigation bar further includes a representation of a second adjacent content item in the plurality of content items that is adjacent to the respective content item in the sequence of content items, the first adjacent content item precedes the respective content item in the sequence of content items, and the second adjacent content item follows the respective content item in the sequence of content items. 
     In some embodiments, the navigation bar further includes a current position indicator overlaid on the plurality of images in the navigation bar, and a relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to: the current position in the respective content item, and the representation of the current position in the respective content item. In some embodiments, the receiving unit  1702  is configured to, while the user interface is displayed on the display device, receive an indication of a first input that includes a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device, wherein detecting the contact comprises detecting a movement of the contact, and the processing unit  1704  is further configured to: move the current position indicator in the navigation bar in accordance with the movement of the contact (e.g., with the moving unit  1710 ), wherein moving the current position indicator comprises: changing the relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar in accordance with the movement of the contact; and updating the current position in the respective content item and the representation of the current position in the respective content item in accordance with the relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each image of the plurality of images. 
     In some embodiments, a threshold separates the plurality of images in the navigation bar from the representation of the first adjacent content item in the navigation bar, and the processing unit  1704  is further configured to: determine that the current position indicator has crossed over the threshold from the plurality of images in the navigation bar to the representation of the first adjacent content item in the navigation bar (e.g., with the determining unit  1712 ); and in accordance with the determination: replace, in the navigation bar, the plurality of images corresponding to different positions in the respective content item with a second plurality of images corresponding to different positions in the first adjacent content item (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1708 ); set the relative location of the current position indicator with respect to each image of the second plurality of images in the navigation bar to correspond to a current position in the first adjacent content item (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1708 ); replace, in the navigation bar, the representation of the first adjacent content item with a representation of a second adjacent content item in the plurality of content items (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1708 ), wherein: the second adjacent content item is different than the respective content item, and the second adjacent content item is adjacent to the first adjacent content item in the sequence of content items; and replace, in the user interface, the representation of the current position of the respective content item with a representation of the current position in the first adjacent content item (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1708 ). 
     In some embodiments, the device comprises an input device, and the input device and the display device are separate devices. In some embodiments, the representation of the respective content item is larger than the navigation bar in the user interface, the representation of the respective content item comprises video from the respective content item, the video including the plurality of images in the navigation bar, and the plurality of images in the navigation bar comprise a plurality of still images from the respective content item. 
     In some embodiments, generating the user interface for display on the display device comprises: determining a content type of the respective content item; in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type, selecting a first position and a second position in the respective content item, the first position and the second position being separated by a first interval, wherein: the first interval is a time-based interval, a first image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to the first position in the respective content item, and a second image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to the second position in the respective content item; and in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type, selecting a third position and a fourth position in the respective content item, the third position and the fourth position being separated by a second interval, different from the first interval, wherein: the second interval is a content-based interval, the first image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to the third position in the respective content item, and the second image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to the fourth position in the respective content item. 
     In some embodiments, obtaining the information that identifies the sequence of content items including the respective content item comprises: determining a content type of the respective content item; in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type, identifying a first sequence of content items that includes the respective content item, wherein a first content item immediately precedes the respective content item in the sequence of content items, and a second content item immediately follows the respective content item in the sequence of content items; and in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type, identifying a second sequence of content items that includes the respective content item, the second sequence of content items being different than the first sequence of content items, wherein a third content item is adjacent to the respective content item in the second sequence of content items, the third content item being different than the first content item and the second content item. 
     In some embodiments, a first image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to a first position in the respective content item, a second image of the plurality of images in the navigation bar corresponds to a second position in the respective content item, the first position in the respective content item and the second position in the respective content item being separated by a first interval, the receiving unit  1702  is further configured to, while the user interface is displayed on the display device, receive an indication of a first input that includes a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device, wherein detecting the contact comprises detecting a movement of the contact, and the processing unit  1704  is further configured to: in accordance with the movement of the contact, select a third position and a fourth position in the respective content item (e.g., with the determining unit  1712 ), the third position and fourth position being separated by a second interval that is different than the first interval; and replace the first image in the navigation bar with a third image corresponding to the third position in the respective content item, and the second image in the navigation bar with a fourth image corresponding to the fourth position in the respective content item (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1706 ). 
     In some embodiments, selecting the third position and the fourth position in the respective content item comprises: determining a content type of the respective content item; in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a first content type, selecting the second interval separating the third position and fourth position in the respective content item to be a time-based interval; and in accordance with a determination that the content type of the respective content item is a second content type, selecting the second interval separating the third position and fourth position in the respective content item to be a content-based interval. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 18  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1800  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 18  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 18 , an electronic device  1800  optionally includes a receiving unit  1802  configured to receive inputs, and a processing unit  1804  coupled to the receiving unit  1802 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1804  includes a display enabling unit  1806 , a determining unit  1808 , and a moving unit  1810 . 
     In some embodiments, the receiving unit  1802  is configured to receive an indication of a first input that includes a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device, wherein the first input corresponds to a respective value for a movement metric, and the processing unit  1804  is configured to: generate a user interface for display on a display device (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1806 ), wherein the user interface includes a selection-indicator indicating a currently selected user interface element of a plurality of user interface elements; in response to receiving the indication of the first input: determine whether the first input meets unitary-movement criteria (e.g., with the determining unit  1808 ); in accordance with a determination that the first input meets the unitary-movement criteria, move the selection-indicator by a predefined amount in the user interface (e.g., with the moving unit  1810 ); and in accordance with a determination that the first input does not meet the unitary-movement criteria, move the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric associated with the first input (e.g., with the moving unit  1810 ). 
     In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount in the user interface comprises moving the selection-indicator to indicate selection of an adjacent user interface element in the plurality of user interface elements. In some embodiments, the unitary-movement criteria include a criterion that is met when: liftoff of the contact is detected within a first time period of touchdown of the contact, and movement of the contact is greater than a first movement threshold but less than a second movement threshold. In some embodiments, the first movement threshold and the second movement threshold are defined in terms of contact movement needed on the touch-sensitive surface to move the selection-indicator by a single UI element in the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount, and moving the selection-indicator in accordance with the respective value of the movement metric, both comprise moving the selection indicator in accordance with a direction of a movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the unitary-movement criteria include a criterion that is met when: the contact is detected in a first edge region of a plurality of edge regions of the touch-sensitive surface, liftoff of the contact is detected within a first time period of touchdown of the contact, and movement of the contact is less than a movement threshold, and moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator in a direction that corresponds to the first edge region of the touch-sensitive surface in which the contact was detected. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of navigation columns, and moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first navigation column to a second navigation column, adjacent to the first navigation column. In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of images, and moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first image to a second image, adjacent to the first image. In some embodiments, the plurality of user interface elements include a plurality of content items in a grid arrangement, and moving the selection-indicator by the predefined amount comprises moving the selection-indicator from a first content item to a second content item, adjacent to the first content item. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 19  shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1900  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 19  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 19 , an electronic device  1900  optionally includes a receiving unit  1902  configured to receive inputs, an orientation unit  1904  coupled to the receiving unit and configured to detect an orientation of the device, and a processing unit  1906  coupled to the receiving unit  1902  and the orientation unit  1904 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1906  includes a determining unit  1908 , an interpreting unit  1910 , a performing unit  1912 , and a display enabling unit  1914 . 
     In some embodiments, the receiving unit  1902  is configured to receive an indication of a first input that includes movement of a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device; and the processing unit  1906  is configured to: determine a grip of a user using the device (e.g., with the determining unit  1908 ); and interpret the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface based at least in part on the grip of the user (e.g., with the interpreting unit  1910 ). In some embodiments, determining the grip of the user using the device comprises determining the grip of the user using the device based at least in part on an orientation of the device. In some embodiments, determining the grip of the user using the device comprises determining the grip of the user using the device based on an average orientation of the device over a most recent predetermined time period. In some embodiments, the orientation of the device is determined based on an accelerometer or other orientation unit  1904  in the device. 
     In some embodiments, interpreting the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises: in accordance with a determination that the grip is a first grip, performing a first action in response to the first input (e.g., with the performing unit  1912 ); and in accordance with a determination that the grip is a second grip, different from the first grip, performing a second action in response to the first input (e.g., with the performing unit  1912 ), different from the first action. In some embodiments, interpreting the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface based at least in part on the grip of the user comprises: in accordance with a determination that the grip is a first grip, ignoring a first portion of the movement of the contact; and in accordance with a determination that the grip is a second grip, different from the first grip, ignoring a second portion of the movement of the contact, different from the first portion of the movement of the contact. 
     In some embodiments, the first grip comprises a right-handed grip, and ignoring the first portion of the movement of the contact comprises: in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from right to left on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring an end of the movement of the contact; and in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from left to right on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring a beginning of the movement of the contact. In some embodiments, the second grip comprises a left-handed grip, and ignoring the second portion of the movement of the contact comprises: in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from right to left on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring a beginning of the movement of the contact; and in accordance with a determination that the movement of the contact is from left to right on the touch-sensitive surface, ignoring an end of the movement of the contact. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1906  is further configured to provide feedback information for display on a display device (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1914 ), the feedback information including information about the determined grip of the user using the device, and the interpretation of the movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG. 20  shows a functional block diagram of a first device  2000  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG. 20  are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 20 , an electronic device  2000  optionally includes a receiving unit  2002  configured to receive inputs, and a processing unit  2004  coupled to the receiving unit  2002 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  2004  includes a display enabling unit  2006 , a determining unit  2008 , and an inputting unit  2010 . 
     In some embodiments, the receiving unit  2002  is configured to receive an indication of a first input that includes movement of a contact detected on a touch-sensitive surface of a device, wherein the movement of the contact corresponds to a plurality of candidate characters; and the processing unit  2004  is configured to: generate a user interface for display on a display device (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2006 ), wherein the user interface includes a text entry field; in response receiving the indication of the first input: in accordance with a determination that the text entry field is tolerant of character ambiguity (e.g., with the determining unit  2008 ), display a top candidate character of the plurality of candidate characters in the text entry field (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2006 ); and in accordance with a determination that the text entry field is not tolerant of character ambiguity (e.g., with the determining unit  2008 ), display a plurality of character selection options that correspond to at least two of the plurality of candidate characters (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2006 ). In some embodiments, the character ambiguity comprises ambiguity as to the case of a character entered into the text entry field. In some embodiments, the character ambiguity comprises ambiguity as to whether a character entered into the text entry field is a letter or a number. In some embodiments, the text entry field is determined to be a text entry field that is not tolerant of character ambiguity when the text entry field is a password entry field. In some embodiments, the determination as to the character ambiguity tolerance of the text entry field is made after receiving an indication of an end of the first input. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of character selection options includes an upper case version and a lower case version of a character, the receiving unit is further configured to receive an indication of a second input detected on the touch-sensitive surface of the device, and the processing unit  2004  is further configured to: in response to receiving the indication of the second input: in accordance with a determination that the second input corresponds to the lower case version of the character (e.g., with the determining unit  2008 ), input the lower case version of the character into the text entry field (e.g., with the inputting unit  2010 ); and in accordance with a determination that the second input corresponds to the upper case version of the character (e.g., with the determining unit  2008 ), input the upper case version of the character into the text entry field (e.g., with the inputting unit  2010 ). In some embodiments, a first region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device is associated with a first candidate character of the plurality of candidate characters, a second region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device, different than the first region, is associated with a second candidate character of the plurality of candidate characters, the receiving unit  2002  is further configured to receive an indication of a second input detected on the touch-sensitive surface of the device, and the processing unit  2004  is further configured to: in response to receiving the indication of the second input: in accordance with a determination that the second input was detected on the first region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device (e.g., with the determining unit  2008 ), input the first candidate character into the text entry field (e.g., with the inputting unit  2010 ); and in accordance with a determination that the second input was detected on the second region of the touch-sensitive surface of the device (e.g., with the determining unit  2008 ), input the second candidate character into the text entry field (e.g., with the inputting unit  2010 ). 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS. 7A-7G, 9A-9G, 11A-11D, 13A-13C and 15A-15D  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B ,  FIG. 16 ,  FIG. 17 ,  FIG. 18 ,  FIG. 19 , or  FIG. 20 . For example, determining operations  712 ,  906 ,  1118 , and  1304  are, optionally implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS. 1A-1B ,  FIGS. 1A-1B ,  FIG. 16 ,  FIG. 17 ,  FIG. 18 ,  FIG. 19 , or  FIG. 20 . 
     The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best use the invention and various described embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20170905
Publication Date: 20180710
Grant Date: 20180710
Priority Date: 20140624
Inventors: VAN OS, MARCEL
BACHMAN, WILLIAM M.
CHEN, ELBERT D.
ROBBIN, JEFFREY L.
HOWARD, JOE
MCGLINN, Joshua
LOCHHEAD, JONATHAN
KEIGHRAN, BENJAMIN W.
FOLSE, JENNIFER L. C.
KRESS, LYNNE
MISSIG, JULIAN
CHAUDHRI, IMRAN
SABATELLI, ALESSANDRO
ZAMBETTI, NICHOLAS
Assignee: APPLE INC
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Family ID: 53539943