PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10856443-B2
Application Number: US-201916407011-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Cladded metal structures for dissipation of heat in a portable electronic device

Abstract:
This application relates to an enclosure for a portable electronic device is described. The enclosure can include metal bands included along the enclosure and a support structure. The support structure can include a thermally conductive core that is capable of conducting thermal energy generated by the operational components and rails that are bound between the metal bands and the thermally conductive core, where the rails are characterized as having a rate of thermal conductivity that is less than a rate of thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive core so that the thermal energy generated by the operational component is directed away from the operational component and away from the metal bands.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An enclosure for a portable electronic device, the enclosure comprising:
 a metal band secured to a sidewall of the enclosure; and 
 a support structure, comprising:
 a thermally conductive core configured to be in thermal communication with an operational component, the thermally conductive core comprising a first material; 
 a first metal layer overlying a first surface of the thermally conductive core, and a second metal layer overlying a second surface of the thermally conductive core opposite the first surface, the first metal layer and the second metal layer clad to the thermally conductive core at, a heat affected zone; 
 a set of fasteners that extend through the first metal layer and through the thermally conductive core; and 
 a rail directly coupled to the metal band and the thermally conductive core, the rail comprising a second material that is metallic and that is less thermally conductive than the first material. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The enclosure of  claim 1 , wherein the second material comprises stainless steel. 
     
     
       3. The enclosure of  claim 1 , further comprising glass, the glass having a lower thermal conductivity than the first material and the metallic second material. 
     
     
       4. The enclosure of  claim 1 , wherein the metal band comprises a material of the same composition as the second material. 
     
     
       5. The enclosure of  claim 1 , wherein the thermally conductive core comprises at least one of copper or a copper alloy, and the first metal layer comprises stainless steel. 
     
     
       6. The enclosure of  claim 1 , wherein the thermally conductive core defines a first heat flow path directed away from the operational component in a direction that is perpendicular to the sidewall, and a second heat flow path directed away from the operational component in a direction parallel to the sidewall. 
     
     
       7. An enclosure for a portable electronic device, the enclosure capable of carrying an operational component, the enclosure comprising:
 metal bands defining peripheral surfaces of the enclosure; 
 a thermally conductive core configured to be in thermal communication with the operational component; 
 a first metal layer overlying a first surface of the thermally conductive core, and a second metal layer overlying a second surface of the thermally conductive core opposite the first surface, the first metal layer and the second metal layer clad to the thermally conductive core at a heat affected zone; 
 a set of fasteners that extend through the first metal layer; and 
 rails that laterally border the thermally conductive core, a shape of the rails defining a directional thermal conduction path away from the operational component. 
 
     
     
       8. The enclosure of  claim 7 , wherein a thermal conductivity of the rails is less than a thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive core. 
     
     
       9. The enclosure of  claim 7 , wherein the thermally conductive core comprises copper or a copper alloy. 
     
     
       10. The enclosure of  claim 7 , wherein the rails are mechanically and thermally coupled to the metal bands. 
     
     
       11. The enclosure of  claim 7 , wherein the thermally conductive core defines an opening sized to accommodate the operational component. 
     
     
       12. An enclosure for a portable electronic device, the enclosure comprising:
 a stiffening plate configured to carry an operational component, the stiffening plate comprising: 
 a thermal core configured to be in thermal communication with the operational component; 
 a first metal layer overlying a first surface of the thermal core, and a second metal layer overlying a second surface of the thermal core opposite the first surface, the first metal layer and the second metal layer clad to the thermal core at a heat affected zone; 
 a set of fasteners that extend through the first metal layer and are configured to affix the operational component to the thermal core; and 
 rails coupled to a periphery of the thermal core; 
 the stiffening plate configured to preferentially conduct thermal energy away from the operational component in a direction parallel to the rails. 
 
     
     
       13. The enclosure of  claim 12 , further comprising glass, the glass having a thermal conductivity that is less than a thermal conductivity of the thermal core. 
     
     
       14. The enclosure of  claim 12 , wherein the rails comprise stainless steel. 
     
     
       15. The enclosure of  claim 12 , wherein the thermal core comprises copper or a copper alloy.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/681,499, entitled “CLADDED METAL STRUCTURES FOR DISSIPATION OF HEAT IN A PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE,” filed Jun. 6, 2018, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The described embodiments relate generally to cladded metal structures for portable electronic devices. More particularly, the described embodiments relate to a support structure that includes a core and cladded metal structures for dissipating thermal energy generated by operational components of a portable electronic device. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Recent technological advances have enabled manufacturers in the portable electronic device industry to integrate a large number of operational components (e.g., processors, antennas, displays, haptic feedback components, etc.) in a small cavity of a single enclosure of a portable electronic device. However, because of the small cavity and the types of materials utilized in the enclosure (e.g., glass, ceramic, etc.), there is an excessive amount of heating within the portable electronic device. Consequently, operation of the portable electronic device can suffer due to the excessive amount of heating. For example, over-heating within the cavity of the portable electronic device can lead to premature failure of certain operational components. Accordingly, there is a need for the enclosure to include structures that are capable of effectively dissipating the heat generated by these operational components. 
     SUMMARY 
     This paper describes various embodiments that relate generally to cladded metal structures for portable electronic devices. More particularly, the described embodiments relate to a support structure that includes a core and cladded metal structures for dissipating thermal energy generated by operational components of a portable electronic device. 
     According to some embodiments, an enclosure for a portable electronic device is described. The enclosure can include metal bands carried by a sidewall of the enclosure. The enclosure can further include a support structure, where the support structure can include a thermally conductive core that is thermally coupled to an operational component that is capable of generating heat, where the thermally conductive core is formed of a first material that is capable of conducting at least some of the heat away from the operational component as a heat flow along a first heat flow path. Furthermore, the support structure can include rails that mechanically couple the metal bands to an edge of the thermally conductive core, wherein the rails are formed of a second material that causes at least some of the heat flow of the first heat flow path to follow a second heat flow path that is generally parallel to the sidewall of the enclosure. 
     According to some embodiments, an enclosure for a portable electronic device is described. The enclosure can be capable of carrying an operational component that is capable of generating thermal energy. The enclosure can include metal bands arranged along peripheral surfaces of the enclosure and a thermally conductive core that is thermally coupled to the operational component, where the thermally conductive core is capable of conducting the thermal energy away from the operational component. The enclosure can further include rails that laterally border the thermally conductive core, where a shape of the rails defines a directional path by which the thermal energy is conducted away from the operational component. 
     According to some embodiments, an enclosure for a portable electronic device is described. The enclosure can include a stiffening plate that is capable of supporting operational components that are capable of generating thermal energy. The stiffening plate can include a thermal core that accommodates a first operational component and a second operational component. The stiffening plate can further include rails that are arranged at a periphery of the thermal core, where the rails are characterized as having a shape that defines a thermal pathway of the thermal core such that the thermal energy generated by the first operational component bypasses the second operational component while being directed through the thermal core. 
     Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the described embodiments. 
     This Summary is provided merely for purposes of summarizing some example embodiments so as to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the subject matter described herein. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the above-described features are merely examples and should not be construed to narrow the scope or spirit of the subject matter described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter described herein will become apparent from the following Detailed Description, Figures, and Claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The disclosure will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural elements. 
         FIGS. 1A-1B  illustrate various views of portable electronic devices that includes a support structure having cladded metal structures, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 2A-2C  illustrate various views of a portable electronic device that includes a support structure having cladded metal structures, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 3A-3B  illustrate various views of a support structure having cladded metal structures, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 4A-4B  illustrate various views of a support structure having cladded metal structures, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 5A-5B  illustrate various views of a support structure having cladded metal structures, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 6A-6D  illustrate support structures having cladded metal structures, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a flowchart for forming a support structure for a portable electronic device that includes cladded metal structures, in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Representative applications of methods and apparatus according to the present application are described in this section. These examples are being provided solely to add context and aid in the understanding of the described embodiments. It will thus be apparent to one skilled in the art that the described embodiments may be practiced without some or all of these specific details. In other instances, well known process steps have not been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the described embodiments. Other applications are possible, such that the following examples should not be taken as limiting. 
     In the following detailed description, references are made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the description and in which are shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in accordance with the described embodiments. Although these embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable one skilled in the art to practice the described embodiments, it is understood that these examples are not limiting; such that other embodiments may be used, and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the described embodiments. 
     The embodiments described herein relate generally to support structures for portable electronic devices. In particular, the support structures can refer to support plates, stiffening plates, mid-plates, cladded metal structures, and the like that are capable of dissipating thermal energy generated by operational components of a portable electronic device. As described herein, the term dissipation can refer to the transformation of mechanical energy into energy dissipation. The term thermal dissipation can also be referred to as thermal conduction. 
     Although recent technological advances have enabled portable electronic device manufacturers to fit a large combination of different operational components (e.g., processor, antenna, sensor, etc.) within a single enclosure, these portable electronic devices are often subject to over-heating due to the large amount of heat that is generated by each of these operational components. Further problematic, the over-heating of these portable electronic devices can often be perceived by a user. For example, heat generated by these operational components is absorbed by the sides of the enclosure where a user&#39;s fingers are placed to support the portable electronic device. Furthermore, enclosures that include metals to function as heat sinks may also be undesirable in that these enclosures are capable of generating an excessive amount of heat during operation that is unpleasant to the user&#39;s touch. 
     Further complicating matters is that conventional portable electronic devices include enclosures or housings that are formed of materials that are relatively ineffective thermal conductors, such as glass or ceramic. Indeed, many conventional portable electronic devices carry operational components such as wireless charging coils for inductive charging. In order for the wireless charging coils to receive an electromagnetic field, the amount of metal included within the enclosure should be minimized. However, non-metal materials such as glass or relatively inefficient at dissipating thermal energy away from the operational component. 
     To cure the aforementioned deficiencies, the systems and techniques described herein relate to support structures for carrying these operational components. In particular, the support structures include a thermally conductive core and a set of rails that are formed of a material that has a lower rate of thermal conductivity than the thermally conductive core. In this manner, the thermal energy generated by the operational component is drawn away by the thermally conductive core without being absorbed by the sides of the enclosure. Beneficially, user discomfort due to over-heating within the portable electronic device is prevented and/or minimized. 
     According to some embodiments, an enclosure for a portable electronic device is described. The enclosure can include metal bands carried by a sidewall of the enclosure. The enclosure can further include a support structure, where the support structure can include a thermally conductive core that is thermally coupled to an operational component that is capable of generating heat, where the thermally conductive core is formed of a first material that is capable of conducting at least some of the heat away from the operational component as a heat flow along a first heat flow path. Furthermore, the support structure can include rails that mechanically couple the metal bands to an edge of the thermally conductive core, wherein the rails are formed of a second material that causes at least some of the heat flow of the first heat flow path to follow a second heat flow path that is generally parallel to the sidewall of the enclosure. 
     These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to  FIGS. 1-7 ; however, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. 
       FIGS. 1A-1B  illustrate portable electronic devices that are capable of including support structures, in accordance with various embodiments. In particular, the techniques as described herein can be used to form support structures that are capable of supporting one or more operational components within a cavity of an enclosure for a portable electronic device. According to some examples, the portable electronic device can refer to a portable computing device, a smartphone, a laptop, a smartwatch, a fitness tracker, a mobile phone, a wearable consumer device, and the like. It should also be noted that the enclosure can also be referred to as a housing. In some embodiments, the support structures described herein can also be referred to as support plates, mid-plates, cladded structures or stiffening plates. 
       FIGS. 1A-1B  illustrate portable electronic devices  100 -A and  100 -B that both include an enclosure  104  having walls that defines a cavity  108  and the enclosure  104  carries a display assembly  106  and an operational component  120 . In particular, the enclosure  104  includes sides  104 -A, a top  104 -B, and a bottom  104 -C. It should be noted that when a user holds the portable electronic device  100 -A, the sides  104 -A are more likely to be held by the user&#39;s hands than the top  104 -B and the bottom  104 -C. 
       FIG. 1A  illustrates that the portable electronic device  100 -A includes a display assembly  106  that covers a majority of a top surface of the enclosure  104 . The display assembly  106  can include a capacitive unit and/or a force detection unit that is capable of detecting an input at the display assembly  106  and presenting a corresponding graphical output at the display assembly  106 . Furthermore,  FIG. 1B  illustrates that the portable electronic device  100 -B includes a button  112  that is disposed below the display assembly  106 . The button  112  is capable of providing a control signal to the operational component  120  that causes the operational component  120  to execute a function. 
       FIGS. 1A-1B  illustrate that the portable electronic devices  100 -A and  100 -B include a support structure  102  that is capable of carrying the operational component  120 . The support structure  102  can be disposed within the cavity  108  and also secured to the enclosure  104 . The support structure  102  can be secured to the enclosure  104 . For example, the support structure  102  can be secured to the enclosure  104  via a weld, a clad, an adhesive, and the like. More particularly, the support structure  102  is secured to walls (or sidewalls) of the enclosure  104 . 
     In some examples, the operational component  120  can include a circuit board, a processor, an antenna, a display, a haptic feedback module, a camera, a sensor, and the like. Additionally, in some examples, the operational component  120  can include inductive charging or wireless charging coils, such as magnetic cores that include ferrites. It should be noted that in order for a magnetic field to pass through the enclosure  104  to reach the wireless charging coils, the enclosure  104  should preferably be comprised of non-metal material (e.g., glass, etc.). Beneficially, the non-metal material can enable a magnetic flux to be absorbed by the wireless charging coils. 
     It should be noted that the operational component  120  can generate a large amount of thermal energy, e.g., between about  60  W- 100  W of thermal energy. Indeed, circuits and processors are capable of generating a large amount of thermal energy due to constant switching of transistors. Because the operational component  120  can generate a large amount of thermal energy (e.g., heat, etc.), the enclosure  104 , such as the sides  104 -A can absorb a significant amount of the thermal energy which can render a feeling of discomfort when a user handles the portable electronic device  100 -A. According to the various embodiments described herein, the term thermal energy can also refer to heat In particular, the amount of the thermal energy that is absorbed by the enclosure  104  is further exacerbated by the materials of the enclosure  104 . In particular, the materials of the enclosure  104  may have a low rate of thermal conductivity. For example, the enclosure  104  can include one or more types of materials such as metal, polymers, glass, ceramic, and the like. In some examples, the metal can include at least one of a steel alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, copper, and the like. In some examples, the enclosure can include a metal oxide layer that is formed from a metal substrate. 
     According to some examples, the enclosure  104 , such as at least one of the sidewalls, back wall, front face, and the like, can include a non-metal material. The use of the non-metal material can reduce the amount of electromagnetic interference of the enclosure  104 , especially with regard to antenna signals. The operational component  120 , such as a wireless transceiver, is capable of wirelessly receiving and transmitting data signals with other electronic devices. Beneficially, an enclosure  104  having a non-metal material, such as glass, is generally non-electrically conductive (i.e., dielectric) and is configured to allow the data signals to be received and/or transmitted. 
     As will be described herein, while glass is beneficial in enabling the data signals and magnetic field to pass through the enclosure  104 , glass is also more fragile and susceptible to cracking, breaking, or deforming than metals when the enclosure  104  is subject to an impact. Consequently, it may be difficult to secure the operational component  120  to the enclosure. However, the support structure  102  can be capable of securing the operational component  120  within the cavity  108 . 
       FIGS. 2A-2C  illustrate various views of a support structure for a portable electronic device  200 , in accordance with some embodiments. In some examples, the support structure  202  can correspond to the support structure  102  as illustrated in  FIGS. 1A-1B . As will be described herein, the support structure  202  is capable of dissipating thermal energy (e.g., heat) generated by the operational component  120 . 
     As shown in the top view of the support structure  202  illustrated in  FIG. 2A , the support structure  202  includes a thermally conductive core  210 . The thermally conductive core  210  is characterized as having a high thermal conductivity that enables the thermally conductive core  210  to transfer heat at a higher rate than materials having a low thermal conductivity. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 2A-2C , the thermally conductive core  210  is capable of drawing thermal energy (Tq) away from the operational component  120 . Additionally, it is also beneficial to draw the thermal energy away from the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. As described herein, the sides  104 -A of the enclosure are most likely to be supported by the user&#39;s hand. Accordingly, the support structure  202  should be capable of drawing thermal energy away from the operational component  120  and away from the sides  104 -A such as to avoid causing discomfort to the user&#39;s hand. 
     At least one solution for circumventing the aforementioned problem is to incorporate a set of rails  230  that correspond to the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. The set of rails  230  can be laterally bound between the thermally conductive core  210  and metal bands  240 . In some examples, the set of rails  230  are coupled to an edge of the thermally conductive core  210 . In some examples, the set of rails  230  are formed at heat affected zones along edges of the thermally conductive core  210 . In some examples, the metal bands  240  are secured to the sides  104 -A of the enclosure (e.g., welded, cladded, adhesive, fused, cold spray deposition, etc.). The set of rails  230  can mechanically couple the metal bands  240  and the thermally conductive core.  210 . In particular, the set of rails  230  are capable of promoting heat dissipation/conduction along a thermal pathway that corresponds to a length of the thermally conductive core  210  (i.e., between the top  104 -B and the bottom  104 -C of the enclosure). In order to promote heat dissipation/conduction along the length of the thermally conductive core  210 , the set of rails  230  are characterized as having a rate of thermal conductivity that is less than the thermally conductive core  210 . According to some embodiments, the set of rails  230  can function as a thermal barrier that prevents the thermal energy (Tq) from being absorbed by the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. In other words, the thermally conductive core  210  functions as a thermal bridge when surrounded by the set of rails  230 . The thermal bridge creates a thermal path of least resistance for heat transfer from the operational component  120 . Beneficially, the set of rails  230  promote thermal dissipation of the thermal energy (Tq) along the length of the thermally conductive core  210  and in a direction that corresponds to a shape of the set of rails  230 . In some examples, as illustrated in  FIGS. 2A , the thermal dissipation of the thermal energy (Tq) is parallel to a shape of the set of rails  230 , which are shown as being generally elongated and parallel to each other. In some embodiments, the shape and/or orientation of the set of rails  230  can define the direction and/or shape of heat dissipation from the operational component  120  by the thermally conductive core  210 . In some examples, the set of rails  230  are comprised of a metal, such as stainless steel. In some examples, the set of rails  230  are formed of a polymer. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2A , the dissipation of the thermal energy (Tq) by the thermally conductive core  210  is more heavily concentrated about a midline of the thermally conductive core  210  relative to peripheral edges of the thermally conductive core  210 . As shown in  FIG. 2A , the heat flow paths (Hp 1 , Hp 2 ) are generally parallel to the set of rails  230  and/or the sides  104 -A of the enclosure such that substantially most of the thermal energy does not dissipate to the set of rails  230 . The heat flow paths (Hp 1 , Hp 2 ) are in generally opposing directions away from the operational component  120 . The heat flow paths (Hp 1 , Hp 2 ) are based on a thermal gradient established by at least the thermally conductive core  210  and the set of rails  230 . Beneficially, the set of rails  230  avoid drawing a majority or generally all of the thermal energy (Tq) towards the sides  104 -A of the enclosure such as to prevent user discomfort. Instead the set of rails  230  are configured to beneficially direct at least a majority of the thermal energy (Tq) towards the top  104 -B and /or the bottom  104 -C of the enclosure  104 , which correspond to portions of the enclosure  104  that are less likely to be held by the user. 
     According to some embodiments, the sides  104 -A of the enclosure, such as sidewalls, are secured to metal bands  240 . In some examples, the metal bands  240  are arranged to increase an amount of rigidity to the enclosure, as well as securely hold the support structure  202  in place relative to the enclosure. As will be described in greater detail herein, the set of rails  230  can be cladded to the metal bands  240  such that the support structure  202  is held securely in place. 
     In some examples, the thermally conductive core  210  has a thickness between about 50 micrometers to about 500 micrometers. In some examples, the thermally conductive core  210  has a thickness between about 50 micrometers to about 150 micrometers. In some examples, the thermally conductive core  210  has a width between about 20 millimeters to about 100 millimeters. In other examples, the thermally conductive core  210  has a width between about 40 millimeters to about 80 millimeters. 
     In some examples, the set of rails  230  have a width between about 5 millimeters to about 20 millimeters. In some examples, the set of rails  230  have a thickness between about 50 micrometers to about 500 micrometers. In some examples, the support structure  202  have a thickness that is generally equivalent to a thickness of the thermally conductive core  210 . In some examples, the support structure  202  includes a planar weldable surface  212 . The planar weldable surface  212  is capable of receiving one or more fasteners  214  for securing the operational component  120  to the thermally conductive core  210 . 
       FIG. 2B  illustrates a cross-sectional view of the support structure  202  taken along the A-A reference line of the support structure  202  illustrated in  FIG. 2A , in accordance with some embodiments. As illustrated in  FIG. 2B , the set of rails  230  are cladded to the thermally conductive core  210  at heat affected zones  216 . The heat affected zones  216  can represent where cladding material (e.g., stainless steel, etc.) and the metal substrate (e.g., copper, copper alloy, etc.) melt and mix together to form a metallurgical bond. In some examples, the heat affected zone  216  can be characterized as having a high degree of mixing between the cladding material and the metal substrate. In some examples, the set of rails  230  are formed by a laser cladding process. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2A-2C , the set of rails  230  are welded to metal bands  240  of the enclosure  104 . In this manner, the metal bands  240  are mechanically and thermally coupled to the thermally conductive core  210 . Beneficially, the metal bands  240  being thermally coupled to the thermally conductive core  210  minimizes an amount of thermal resistance along a midline of the thermally conductive core  210 . The metal bands  240  are secured directly to the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. In some embodiments, the metal bands  240  are formed of a material that is similar or equivalent to the set of rails  230  such as to increase the ease by which the set of rails  230  are welded to the metal bands  240 . For example, both the metal bands  240  and the set of rails  230  are formed of stainless steel. Since the set of rails  230  are also formed of stainless steel, the set of rails  230  can be easily weld to the metal bands  240 . Beneficially, the ease of welding the set of rails  230  to the metal bands  240  facilitate in securing and affixing the support structure  202  to the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. 
     In some examples, the thermally conductive core  210  includes pure copper or a copper alloy. While pure copper has a thermal conductivity of about  401  W/m that may be beneficial in readily dissipating heat away from operational component  120 , pure copper is also relatively soft and susceptible to deformation. Consequently, a support structure  202  that is formed of pure copper may suffer from a lack of rigidity, especially when the portable electronic device  200  is subject to drops. Consequently, the operational component  120  can become dislodged from the lack of rigidity provided by the support structure  202 . Accordingly, to address the aforementioned problem, the operational component  120  may be secured to the support structure  202  via at least one fastener  214 . Additionally, the support structure  202  can include one or more rigidity-promoting layers that stiffen/render the thermally conductive core  210  more rigid in order to secure the operational component  120  to the support structure  202 , as described with reference to the stiffness-inducing layers  320  and  420  of  FIGS. 3-4 , respectively. Other examples of materials for the thermally conductive core  210  include materials with a high rate of thermal conductivity such as aluminum, gold, graphite, iron, and the like. 
       FIG. 2B  illustrates attachment features  214  that extend through a weldable surface  212  of the thermally conductive core  210 . The attachment features  214  can secure the operational component  120  to the thermally conductive core  210 . These attachment features  214  can include nuts, bolts, screws, welds, an adhesive, and the like. In some examples, fasteners or nuts are welded directly to the weldable surface  212 . In particular, where the attachment features  214  extend through the weldable surface  212 , the thermally conductive core  210  can be comprised of a copper alloy. In some examples, the copper alloy includes an alloying element such as zirconium or tin that can be used to strengthen the thermally conductive core  210  such as to allow the attachment features  214  to be securely fixed to the thermally conductive core  210 . Although it should be noted that a minimal amount of the alloying element in the copper alloy should be present in order to maintain the thermally conductive properties of the thermally conductive core  210 . 
       FIG. 2C  illustrates an exploded view of the support structure  202  as shown in  FIG. 2B  in conjunction with thermal energy being conducted away from the operational component  120 , in accordance with some embodiments. In particular,  FIG. 2C  illustrates a heat curve (Hc) of the amount of heat that flows along the heat flow path (Hp) relative to the set of rails  230 . In some examples, the set of rails  230  are configured to inhibit the conduction of thermal energy through the set of rails  230  and to the metal bands  240  such that heat is insulated within the set of rails  230 . In other examples, the set of rails  230  are also configured to generally inhibit and /or minimize the conduction of the thermal energy to the metal bands  240 . In other examples,  FIG. 2C  illustrates that some of the thermal energy that reaches the set of rails  230  bows against the set of rails  230  in a manner that is generally parallel to the set of rails  230 . In addition, in some examples, and as illustrated by  FIG. 2C , some of a minute quantity of the thermal energy (Te) may pass through the set of rails  230  and reach the metal bands  240 . However, it should be noted that this minute quantity of thermal energy (Te) is not sufficient to heat the sides  104 -A of the enclosure so as to cause user discomfort and is a result of the thermal gradient of the support structure  202 . 
     In some embodiments, the heat is conducted away from the operational component  120  via a heat flow path. As illustrated in  FIG. 2C , at least some of the heat is conducted as a heat flow along a first heat flow path (H 1 ). In particular, the first heat flow path (H 1 ) generally corresponds to the thermally conductive core  210 . In another example first heat flow path (H 1 ) generally corresponds to the support structure  202 .  FIG. 2C  illustrates that at least some of the heat flow of the first heat flow path (H 1 ) follows along a second heat flow path (H 2 ). In particular, the second heat flow path (H 2 ) is characterized as having an overall lower temperature than the first heat flow path (H 1 ) due to a lesser amount of heat that is conducted by way of the second heat flow path (H 2 ) than the first heat flow path (H 1 ). The second heat flow path (H 2 ) bows against the set of rails  230  and/or the metal bands  240  and is generally contoured to the set of rails  230 . The second heat flow path (H 2 ) flows in a direction that is generally parallel to the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. In some examples, the difference in material between the thermally conductive core  210  and the set of rails  230  defines a thermal gradient that generates the first and second heat flow paths (H 1, 2 ). In some examples, the first heat flow path (H 1 ) follows a direction that is generally similar or generally opposite to the second heat flow path (H 2 ). 
     In particular, the heat flow path (Hp) and the heat curve (Hc) are based on a thermal gradient of the support structure  202 , which can be represented as K/m. The heat curve (Hc) is generally represented by a Gaussian curve as shown in  FIG. 2C . As illustrated in  FIG. 2C , the dissipation of heat is more heavily concentrated about a midline of the thermally conductive core  210  relative to peripheral edges of the thermally conductive core  210 . Beneficially, this thermal gradient focuses the majority of the heat between the set of rails  230 . More specifically, the majority of the heat is focused along the thermally conductive core  210  rather than the set of rails  230  and/or the metal bands  240 . Furthermore, it should be noted that the embodiments as described herein with reference to  FIG. 2C  also apply to any one of the support structures  202 ,  302 ,  402 ,  502 ,  602 -A or  602 -B as described herein. 
       FIGS. 3A-3B  illustrate various views of a support structure for a portable electronic device  300 , in accordance with some embodiments. In some examples, the support structure  302  can correspond to the support structure  102  as illustrated in  FIGS. 1A-1B . As will be described herein, the support structure  302  is capable of dissipating thermal energy (e.g., heat) generated by the operational component  120 . 
     As shown in the top view of the support structure  302  illustrated in  FIG. 3A , the support structure  302  includes a thermally conductive core  310 . The thermally conductive core  310  is capable of drawing thermal energy (Tq) away from the operational component  120 . Additionally, as illustrated in  FIG. 3A , the thermally conductive core  310  is laterally bound by a set of rails  330 . 
     In some examples, the set of rails  330  are coupled to an edge of the thermally conductive core  310 . In some examples, the set of rails  330  are formed at heat affected zones along edges of the thermally conductive core  310 . The set of rails  330  mechanically and thermally couple metal bands  340  and the thermally conductive core  310 . The set of rails  330  are characterized as having a thermal rate of conductivity that is less than the thermally conductive core  310 . The set of rails  30  are capable of promoting heat dissipation along a thermal pathway that corresponds to a length of the thermally conductive core  310  (i.e., between the top  104 -B and the bottom  104 -C of the enclosure). The set of rails  330  can function as a thermal barrier that prevents the thermal energy (Tq) from being absorbed by the sides  104 -A of the enclosure while the thermally conductive core  310  functions as a thermal bridge when surrounded by the set of rails  330 . In particular, the thermal bridge creates a thermal path of least resistance for heat transfer from the operational component  120 . Similar to the set of rails  230  of the support structure  202  illustrated in  FIGS. 2A-2B , the set of rails  330  concentrates the dissipation of the thermal energy (Tq) more heavily about a midline of the thermally conductive core  310  relative to peripheral edges of the thermally conductive core  310 . 
       FIG. 3A  illustrates that the heat flow paths (Hpl, Hp 2 ) are in generally opposing directions away from the operational component  120 . The heat flow paths (Hp 1 , Hp 2 ) are based on a thermal gradient established by at least the thermally conductive core  310  and the set of rails  330 . As shown in  FIG. 3A , the heat flow path is generally parallel to the set of rails  330  and/or the sides  104 -A of the enclosure such that substantially most of the thermal energy does not dissipate to the set of rails  330 . 
     According to some embodiments, the sides  104 -A of the enclosure, such as sidewalls, are secured to metal bands  340 . In some examples, the set of rails  330  can be cladded to the metal bands  340  such that the support structure  302  is held securely in place. 
       FIG. 3B  illustrates a cross-sectional view of the support structure  302  taken from the A-A reference line. The thermally conductive core  310  is laterally bound by a set of rails  330  that are cladded to the thermally conductive core  310  at heat affected zones  316 . The set of rails  330  can be welded to metal bands  340  of the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. 
     It should be noted that the support structure  302  of  FIGS. 3A-3B  can include one or more features of the support structure  202  illustrated in  FIGS. 2A-2B . However, in contrast to the support structure  202  illustrated in  FIGS. 2A-2B , the support structure  302  includes a stiffness-inducing layer  320 . The stiffness-inducing layer is capable of increasing an amount of bending stiffness to the support structure  302 . In particular, the stiffness-inducing layer  320  is cladded or welded to a top surface of the thermally conductive core  310 . For instance, the stiffness-inducing layer  320  includes a weldable surface  312  that is capable of receiving attachment features  314  to extend to the thermally conductive core  310 . 
     In some examples, the stiffness-inducing layer  320  is comprised of stainless steel. Because the stiffness-inducing layer  320  is formed of stainless steel, the stiffness-inducing layer  320  is characterized as a having a lower rate of thermal conductivity than the thermally conductive core  310 . Beneficially, the thermal energy (Tq) generated by the operational component  120  is not absorbed by the stiffness-inducing layer  320 . In other words, the combination of the set of rails  330  and the stiffness-inducing layer  320  can function as a thermal barrier that prevents the thermal energy (Tq) from being absorbed by the sides  104 -A of the enclosure and an upper surface  305 -A of the enclosure while the thermally conductive core  310  functions as a thermal bridge when surrounded by the set of rails  330  and the stiffness-inducing layer  320 . In particular, the thermal bridge creates a thermal path of least resistance for heat transfer from the operational component  120 . As a result, the support structure  302  causes the thermal energy (Tq) to be dissipated towards a top  104 -B of the enclosure and a lower surface  305 -B of the enclosure. 
     In some embodiments, the set of rails  330  are integrally formed with the stiffness-inducing layer  320 . In other embodiments, the set of rails  330  are separately formed from the stiffness-inducing layer  320 . In other words, the set of rails  330  and the stiffness-inducing layer  320  are concurrently formed around the thermally conductive core  310 . In some examples, the set of rails  330  and the stiffness-inducing layer  420  include a common material. 
     In some embodiments, the set of rails  330  laterally bound the thermally conductive core  310 . In particular, the set of rails  330  can be cladded to the thermally conductive core  310  at heat affected zones  316 . Furthermore, the set of rails  330  can be joined to the metal bands  340  via a weld, clad, cold spray deposition, adhesive, or other process. 
       FIGS. 4A-4B  illustrate various views of a support structure for a portable electronic device  400 , in accordance with some embodiments. In some examples, the support structure  402  can correspond to the support structure  102  as illustrated in  FIGS. 1A-1B . As will be described herein, the support structure  402  is capable of dissipating thermal energy (e.g., heat) generated by the operational component  120 . 
     As shown in the top view of the support structure  402  illustrated in  FIG. 4A , the support structure  402  includes a thermally conductive core  410 . The thermally conductive core  410  is capable of drawing thermal energy (Tq) away from the operational component  120 . The thermally conductive core  410  is laterally bound by a set of rails  430 . In some examples, the set of rails  430  are coupled to an edge of the thermally conductive core  410 . In some examples, the set of rails  430  are formed at heat affected zones along edges of the thermally conductive core  410 . The set of rails  430  are characterized as having a thermal rate of conductivity that is less than the thermally conductive core  310 . Accordingly, the set of rails  430  can function as a thermal barrier that prevents the thermal energy (Tq) from being absorbed by the sides  104 -A of the enclosure while the thermally conductive core  410  functions as a thermal bridge when surrounded by the set of rails  430 . In particular, the thermal bridge creates a thermal path of least resistance for heat transfer from the operational component  120 . Similar to the set of rails  230  of the support structure  202  illustrated in  FIGS. 2A-2B , the set of rails  430  concentrates the dissipation of the thermal energy (Tq) more heavily about a midline of the thermally conductive core  410  relative to peripheral edges of the thermally conductive core  410 . According to some embodiments, the support structure  402  is secured to the sides  104 -A of the enclosure, such as sidewalls, via metal bands  440 . In some examples, the set of rails  430  are cladded to the metal bands  440  such that the support structure  402  is held firmly in place. The set of rails  430  mechanically and thermally couple the metal bands  440  and the thermally conductive core  410 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 4A , the heat flow path is generally parallel to the set of rails  430  and/or the sides  104 -A of the enclosure such that substantially most of the thermal energy does not dissipate to the set of rails  430 . The heat flow paths (Hp 1 , Hp 2 ) are in generally opposing directions away from the operational component  120 . The heat flow paths (Hp 1 , Hp 2 ) are based on a thermal gradient established by at least the thermally conductive core  410  and the set of rails  430 . 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates a cross-sectional view of the support structure  402  taken from the A-A reference line. The thermally conductive core  410  is laterally bound by a set of rails  430  that are cladded to the thermally conductive core  410  at heat affected zones  416 . The set of rails  430  are welded to metal bands  440  of the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. 
     It should be noted that the support structure  402  of  FIGS. 4A-4B  can include one or more features of the support structure  202  illustrated in  FIG. 2A-2B  or the support structure  302  illustrated in  FIGS. 3A-3B . However, in contrast to the support structure  302  illustrated in  FIGS. 3A-3B , the support structure  402  includes multiple stiffness-inducing layers. In particular, the support structure  402  includes an upper stiffness-inducing layer  420 -A and a lower stiffness-inducing layer  420 -B. These stiffness-inducing layers  420 -A, B can be joined to the thermally conductive core  410  (e.g., cladding, etc.). Additionally, these stiffness-inducing layers  420 -A, B can be formed of stainless steel in order to increase rigidity of the support structure  402 . In some examples, the stiffness-inducing layers  420 -A, B can include a weldable surface  412  that is capable of receiving one or more attachment features  414  that extend to the thermally conductive core  410  for attaching the operational component  120  to the thermally conductive core  410 . 
     In some examples, the stiffness-inducing layer  420  is comprised of stainless steel. Because the stiffness-inducing layer  420  is formed of stainless steel, the stiffness-inducing layer  420  is characterized as a having a lower rate of thermal conductivity than the thermally conductive core  410 . In some examples, the combination of the set of rails  430  and the stiffness-inducing layer  420  can function as a thermal barrier that prevents the thermal energy (Tq) from being absorbed by the sides  104 -A of the enclosure, the upper surface  405 -A of the enclosure, and the lower surface  405 -B of the enclosure. As a result, the support structure  402  causes the thermal energy (Tq) to be dissipated generally towards a top  104 -B of the enclosure. 
     In some embodiments, the upper stiffness-inducing layer  420 -A includes a weldable surface  412  that enables attachment features  414  to extend to the thermally conductive core  410  for the purpose of securing operational component  120  to the thermally conductive core  410 . It should be noted that by incorporating multiple stiffness-inducing layers  420 -A, B, the support structure  402  can be characterized as having a greater amount of stiffness than the support structure  302 . 
       FIGS. 5A-5B  illustrate various views of a support structure for a portable electronic device  500 , in accordance with some embodiments. In some examples, the support structure  502  can correspond to the support structure  102  as illustrated in  FIGS. 1A-1B . As will be described herein, the support structure  502  is capable of dissipating thermal energy (e.g., heat) generated by the operational component  120 . 
       FIG. 5A  illustrates a top view of the support structure  502 . The support structure  502  can include a support layer  530  that is welded to metal bands  540  of the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. In some examples, the support layer  530  includes a sheet of stainless steel that includes one or more apertures  518 . In some examples, these apertures  518  can be formed via at least one of a stamping, machining, etching, or pressing process. The apertures  518  can be subsequently filled with a material, such as pure copper or a copper alloy, in order to form a thermally conductive core  510 . In some examples, the thermally conductive core  510  is cladded to the support layer  530 . In particular, the thermally conductive core  510  dissipates thermal energy generated by an operational component  120 . The thermally conductive core  510  includes a weldable surface  512  for receiving one or more fasteners  514 , as illustrated by  FIG. 5B . The thermally conductive core  510  may be laterally bound by rails  532  of the support layer  530  that are cladded to the thermally conductive core  510  at heat affected zones  516 . 
     In some embodiments, the apertures  518  have a shape/geometry that accommodates for an electronic component  550 . In some examples, the electronic component  550  can refer to a circuit board, a processor, an antenna, a display, a haptic feedback module, a camera module, a sensor, and the like. 
     In some embodiments, the thermally conductive core  510  includes conductive traces  552  that bypass the electronic component  550  so as to prevent the thermal energy (Tq) generated by the operational component  120  from being absorbed by the electronic component  550 . Instead the conductive traces  552  facilitate the thermal energy (Tq) to be redirected to the top  104 -B of the enclosure. As illustrated in  FIGS. 5A-5B , the thermally conductive core  510  is laterally bound by a set of rails  532  of the support layer  530  that are characterized as having a thermal rate of conductivity that is less than the thermally conductive core  510 . The set of rails  532  of the support layer  530  are capable of promoting heat dissipation along heat paths (Hpl, Hp 2 ) that correspond to a shape/size of the set of rails  532  of the support layer  530  and the length of the thermally conductive core  510  (i.e., between the top  104 -B and the bottom  104 -C of the enclosure). Similar to the set of rails  230  of the support structure  202  illustrated in  FIGS. 2A-2B , the set of rails  532  of the support layer  530  concentrates the dissipation of the thermal energy (Tq) along the heat paths (Hp 1 , Hp 2 ) more heavily about a midline of the thermally conductive core  310  relative to peripheral edges of the thermally conductive core  510 . As shown in  FIG. 5A , the heat flow path is generally parallel to the set of rails  532  and/or the sides  104 -A of the enclosure such that substantially most of the thermal energy does not dissipate to the set of rails  532  of the support layer  530 . In some examples, the set of rails  532  are formed of stainless steel. It should be noted that the shape of the set of rails  532  of the support layer  530  is variable and can generally define a thermal path by which the thermal energy (Tq) passes through the thermally conductive core  510 . 
       FIG. 5B  illustrates a cross-sectional view of the support structure  502  illustrated in  FIG. 5A  taken from the A-A reference line. The support layer  530  includes a set of rails  532  that are metallurgically bonded to the thermally conductive core  510 . In some examples, the thermally conductive core  510  is cladded to the set of rails  532 . Additionally, the set of rails  532  can be welded to metal bands  540  of the sides  104 -A of the enclosure, such as the sidewalls. In some instances, the set of rails  532  and the metal bands  540  include a common metal, such as stainless steel, that promotes welding of the support structure  502  to the enclosure  104 . The set of rails  532  mechanically and thermally couple the metal bands  540  and the thermally conductive core  510 . 
       FIGS. 6A-6D  illustrate support structures having cladded metal structures, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS. 6A-6B  illustrate an embodiment of a portable electronic device  600 -A that includes a support structure  602 -A. In contrast to the foregoing support structures as described herein, the support structure  602 -A includes a set of rails  630  having a curved shape. The set of rails  630  are joined to metal bands  640 , where the metal bands  640  are joined to sides  104 -A of the enclosure. 
     As shown in the top view of the support structure  602 -A illustrated in  FIG. 6B , the support structure  602 -A includes a thermally conductive core  610 . The thermally conductive core  610  is capable of drawing thermal energy (Tq) away from the operational component  120 . The thermally conductive core  610  is laterally bound by a set of rails  630  that are characterized as having a thermal rate of conductivity that is less than the thermally conductive core  610 . The set of rails  630  concentrate the dissipation of the thermal energy (Tq) more heavily about a midline of the thermally conductive core  610  relative to peripheral edges of the thermally conductive core  610 . In some examples, the dissipation of the thermal energy (Tq) is generally balanced relative to the set of rails  630 . As illustrated in  FIG. 6B , the curved shape orientation of the set of rails  630  can define the direction and/or shape of thermal energy (Tq) from the operational component  120  by the thermally conductive core  610 . In some examples, the set of rails  630  are joined to the thermally conductive core  610  via a cladding process at heat affected zones. In some examples, the set of rails  630  are joined to the thermally conductive core  610  via a weld or other attachment feature. 
     In some examples, the set of rails  630  function as a thermal barrier that prevents the thermal energy (Tq) from being absorbed by the sides  104 -A of the enclosure and the bottom  104 -C of the enclosure. Instead the thermally conductive core  610  functions as a thermal bridge when surrounded by the set of rails  630 . In particular, the thermal bridge creates a thermal path of least resistance for heat transfer from the operational component  120 . As a result, the support structure  602 -A causes the thermal energy (Tq) to be dissipated towards a top  104 -B of the enclosure. 
       FIGS. 6C-6D  illustrate an embodiment of a portable electronic device  600 -B that includes a support structure  602 -B. In contrast to the foregoing support structures as described herein, the support structure  602 -B includes a set of rails  630  having a rectilinear shape, where the set of rails  630  expand away from the operational component  120 . The set of rails  630  function as a thermal barrier that prevents the thermal energy (Tq) from being absorbed by the sides  104 -A of the enclosure. Instead the thermally conductive core  610  functions as a thermal bridge when surrounded by the set of rails  630 . In particular, the thermal bridge creates a thermal path of least resistance for heat transfer from the operational component  120 . As a result, the support structure  602 -B causes the thermal energy (Tq) to be dissipated towards a bottom  104 -C of the enclosure. 
     The support structures  602 -A and  602 -B can include a weldable surface  612  for receiving one or more fasteners, as illustrated by  FIGS. 6B and 6D . 
     The following description applies to any one of the support structures  202 ,  302 ,  402 ,  502 ,  602 -A, or  602 -B as described herein, and by way of example, is described with reference to the support structure  202  of  FIGS. 2A-2C . The thermally conductive core  210  and the set of rails  230  can be formed of at least one common material or the thermally conductive core  210  and the set of rails  230  can be formed of one or more different materials. In particular, if the support structure  202  that includes the thermally conductive core  210  and the set of rails  230  are formed of one or more of the same materials, then the support structure  202  may define a thermal gradient based on an amount of the same material. In one example, the thermally conductive core  210  and the set of rails  230  can include only the common material. However, the thermally conductive core  210  may include an amount of the common material that is greater than an amount of the common material that is included in the set of rails  230 . Since the thermally conductive core  210  include a greater amount of the common material than the set of rails  230 , then the set of rails  230  are less capable of acting as a thermal conductor to conduct heat away from the operational component  120  than the thermally conductive core  210 . 
     In another example, the thermally conductive core  210  and the set of rails  230  may also include an equal amount of the common material. However, due to a shape and/or size of the thermally conductive core  210 , the thermally conductive core  210  is more capable of conducting the heat away from the operational component  120  than the set of rails  230 . For instance, if the thermally conductive core  210  is larger than the set of rails  230 , then the thermally conductive core  210  provides a larger surface area than the set of rails  230  that is capable of dissipating heating than the set of rails  230 . 
     In another example, the metal bands  240  and the set of rails  230  include one or more common materials. In one instance, the metal bands  240  can be comprised of a material that is less thermally conductive than a material of the set of rails  230  such that the metal bands  240  also define a thermal barrier that prevents heat that is conducted away from the operational component  120  from being conducted to the metal bands  240 . 
     In another example, if the set of rails  230  in aggregate define a larger surface area than the thermally conductive core  210 , the set of rails  230  can define a thermal barrier as long as the set of rails  230  are formed of material that is less thermally conductive than a material of the thermally conductive core  210 . 
     According to some embodiments, any one of the support structures  202 ,  302 ,  402 ,  502 ,  602 -A, or  602 -B as described herein can utilize an active heat exchanger, such as a fan, in order to increase an amount of air flow through the thermally conductive core. The active heat exchanger can minimize recirculation of warm air within the cavity of the portable electronic device; thereby, reducing a temperature of the support structure. It should be noted that air flow through any one of these support structures is important to transferring the thermal energy (i.e., heat) to the set of rails and the metal bands. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a flow diagram of a method  700  for forming a support structure for an enclosure for a portable electronic device, in accordance with some embodiments. As illustrated in  FIG. 7 , the method  700  begins at step  702  by forming a thermally conductive core for the support structure. For example, the method  700  is described with reference to  FIGS. 2A-2B , where the thermally conductive core  210  of the support structure  202  is formed. Although it should be noted that the method can describe forming any one of the support structures  102 ,  202 ,  302 ,  402 ,  502 ,  602 -A, or  602 -B as described herein. 
     At step  704 , the method  700  includes forming a set of rails  230  that are attached to the thermally conductive core  210 . In some examples, the set of rails  230  are cladded, welded or fused to the thermally conductive core  210 . 
     At step  706 , the method  700  includes fixturing the set of rails  230  to metal bands  240  of the enclosure  104 . In some examples, the set of rails  230  are formed via one of a cladding, welding, fusing, or cold spray deposition process. 
     At step  708 , the method  700  optionally includes securing an operational component  120  to the thermally conductive core  210  via an attachment feature  214 . 
     The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required in order to practice the described embodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the described embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20190508
Publication Date: 20201201
Grant Date: 20201201
Priority Date: 20180606
Inventors: COUNTS, WILLIAM A.
MISRA, ABHIJEET
KALYANASUNDARAM, NAGARAJAN
YURKO, JAMES A.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F1/203", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04M1/0202", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/20518", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/205", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/203", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/2039", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/20472", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K5/04", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/2039", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/2039", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K5/04", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 66668724