PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-12086186-B2
Application Number: US-202217937704-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Interactive interface for navigating in a user interface associated with a series of content

Abstract:
The invention is directed to an electronic device. The electronic device provides, for display on a display device, a user interface including a first set of columns, two or more columns in the first set of columns each including two or more menu items. The electronic device receives a selection input. In response to receiving the selection input, in accordance with a determination that the selection input corresponds to selection of a first column the electronic device provides, for display on the display device, a second set of columns, two or more of the columns in the second set of columns corresponding to different subsets of menu items that were displayed in the first column that was selected in response to the selection input.

Claims:
The invention claimed is: 
     
       1. A method comprising:
 at an electronic device in communication with a display device and one or more input devices:
 receiving, via the one or more input devices, a request for information about an episodic series of content that has a release status; 
 in response to receiving the request for information, displaying, via the display device, a user interface associated with the episodic series of content, wherein the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes a plurality of interactive representations of a plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content, including a representation of a first released episode of the episodic series of content and a representation of a second unreleased episode of the episodic series of content, wherein the plurality of interactive representations includes respective contextual information based on the release status of the episodic series of content and a viewing status of the episodic series of content, wherein the user interface prioritizes display of a released episode in the episodic series of content that is an earliest unwatched episode in the episodic series of content relative to other displayed interactive representations of the plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content; 
 while displaying the user interface, receiving, via the one or more input devices, a user input selecting a respective representation of the plurality of interactive representations corresponding to a respective episode of the plurality of episodes; and 
 in response to receiving the user input:
 in accordance with a determination that the respective episode is an episode of the episodic series of content that has been released, initiating a process to display the respective episode via the display device; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the respective episode is an episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released, performing an operation with respect to the respective episode without displaying the respective episode via the display device. 
 
 
 
     
     
       2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released, and the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes information about when the respective episode will be released. 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 in accordance with a determination that a given episode of the plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content will be released, the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes an indication that the given episode will be released. 
 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes a playback affordance that is selectable to initiate a process to play content associated with the episodic series of content, the method further comprising:
 while displaying the user interface including the playback affordance, receiving, via the one or more input devices, a user input selecting the playback affordance; and 
 in response to receiving the user input selecting the playback affordance:
 in accordance with a determination that a user of the electronic device has not completed viewing a first episode of the episodic series of content, displaying, via the display device, the first episode of the episodic series of content; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user has completed viewing the first episode of the episodic series of content, displaying, via the display device, a second episode of the episodic series of content. 
 
 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the respective representation of the plurality of interactive representations corresponding to the respective episode of the plurality of episodes includes a graphic associated with the respective episode and a description associated with the respective episode, the method further comprising:
 in response to receiving the user input:
 in accordance with the determination that the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has been released:
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the graphic associated with the respective episode, initiating the process to display, via the display device, the respective episode; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the description associated with the respective episode, initiating the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode; 
 
 in accordance with the determination that the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released:
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the graphic associated with the respective episode, initiating the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the description associated with the respective episode, initiating the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode. 
 
 
 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the plurality of interactive representations-includes an indication of a viewing status of the episodic series of content. 
     
     
       7. An electronic device comprising:
 one or more processors; 
 memory; and 
 one or more programs, wherein the electronic device is in communication with one or more input devices and a display device, and the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for performing a method comprising: 
 receiving, via the one or more input devices, a request for information about an episodic series of content that has a release status; 
 in response to receiving the request for information, displaying, via the display device, a user interface associated with the episodic series of content, wherein the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes a plurality of interactive representations of a plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content, 
 including a representation of a first released episode of the episodic series of content and a representation of a second unreleased episode of the episodic series of content, wherein the plurality of interactive representations includes respective contextual information based on the release status of the episodic series of content and a viewing status of the episodic series of content, wherein the user interface prioritizes display of a released episode in the episodic series of content that is an earliest unwatched episode in the episodic series of content relative to other displayed interactive representations of the plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content; 
 while displaying the user interface, receiving, via the one or more input devices, a user input selecting a respective representation of the plurality of interactive representations corresponding to a respective episode of the plurality of episodes; and 
 in response to receiving the user input:
 in accordance with a determination that the respective episode is an episode of the episodic series of content that has been released, initiating a process to display the respective episode via the display device; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the respective episode is an episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released, performing an operation with respect to the respective episode without displaying the respective episode via the display device. 
 
 
     
     
       8. The device of  claim 7 , wherein the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released, and the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes information about when the respective episode will be released. 
     
     
       9. The device of  claim 7 , wherein:
 in accordance with a determination that a given episode of the plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content will be released, the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes an indication that the given episode will be released. 
 
     
     
       10. The device of  claim 7 , wherein the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes a playback affordance that is selectable to initiate a process to play content associated with the episodic series of content, the one or more programs including further instructions for:
 while displaying the user interface including the playback affordance, receiving, via the one or more input devices, a user input selecting the playback affordance; and 
 in response to receiving the user input selecting the playback affordance:
 in accordance with a determination that a user of the electronic device has not completed viewing a first episode of the episodic series of content, displaying, via the display device, the first episode of the episodic series of content; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user has completed viewing the first episode of the episodic series of content, displaying, via the display device, a second episode of the episodic series of content. 
 
 
     
     
       11. The device of  claim 7 , wherein the respective representation of the plurality of interactive representations corresponding to the respective episode of the plurality of episodes includes a graphic associated with the respective episode and a description associated with the respective episode, the one or more programs including further instructions for:
 in response to receiving the user input:
 in accordance with the determination that the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has been released:
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the graphic associated with the respective episode, initiating the process to display, via the display device, the respective episode; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the description associated with the respective episode, initiating the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode; 
 
 in accordance with the determination that the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released:
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the graphic associated with the respective episode, initiating the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the description associated with the respective episode, initiating the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode. 
 
 
 
     
     
       12. The device of  claim 7 , wherein the plurality of interactive representations-includes an indication of a viewing status of the episodic series of content. 
     
     
       13. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device in communication with one or more input devices and a display device, cause the electronic device to perform a method comprising:
 receiving, via the one or more input devices, a request for information about an episodic series of content that has a release status; 
 in response to receiving the request for information, displaying, via the display device, a user interface associated with the episodic series of content, wherein the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes a plurality of interactive representations of a plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content, including a representation of a first released episode of the episodic series of content and a representation of a second unreleased episode of the episodic series of content, wherein the plurality of interactive representations includes respective contextual information based on the release status of the episodic series of content and a viewing status of the episodic series of content, wherein the user interface prioritizes display of a released episode in the episodic series of content that is an earliest unwatched episode in the episodic series of content relative to other displayed interactive representations of the plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content; 
 while displaying the user interface, receiving, via the one or more input devices, a user input selecting a respective representation of the plurality of interactive representations corresponding to a respective episode of the plurality of episodes; and 
 in response to receiving the user input:
 in accordance with a determination that the respective episode is an episode of the episodic series of content that has been released, initiating a process to display the respective episode via the display device; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the respective episode is an episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released, performing an operation with respect to the respective episode without displaying the respective episode via the display device. 
 
 
     
     
       14. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 13 , wherein the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released, and the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes information about when the respective episode will be released. 
     
     
       15. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 13 , wherein:
 in accordance with a determination that a given episode of the plurality of episodes of the episodic series of content will be released, the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes an indication that the given episode will be released. 
 
     
     
       16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 13 , wherein the user interface associated with the episodic series of content includes a playback affordance that is selectable to initiate a process to play content associated with the episodic series of content, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium further storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, further causes the one or more processors to:
 while displaying the user interface including the playback affordance, receive, via the one or more input devices, a user input selecting the playback affordance; and 
 in response to receiving the user input selecting the playback affordance:
 in accordance with a determination that a user of the electronic device has not completed viewing a first episode of the episodic series of content, display, via the display device, the first episode of the episodic series of content; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user has completed viewing the first episode of the episodic series of content, display, via the display device, a second episode of the episodic series of content. 
 
 
     
     
       17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 13 , wherein the respective representation of the plurality of interactive representations corresponding to the respective episode of the plurality of episodes includes a graphic associated with the respective episode and a description associated with the respective episode, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium further storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, further causes the one or more processors to:
 in response to receiving the user input:
 in accordance with the determination that the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has been released:
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the graphic associated with the respective episode, initiate the process to display, via the display device, the respective episode; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the description associated with the respective episode, initiate the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode; 
 
 in accordance with the determination that the respective episode is the episode of the episodic series of content that has not been released:
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the graphic associated with the respective episode, initiate the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the user input is directed to the description associated with the respective episode, initiate the process to display, via the display device, the user interface associated with the respective episode without displaying the respective episode. 
 
 
 
     
     
       18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of  claim 13 , wherein the plurality of interactive representations-includes an indication of a viewing status of the episodic series of content.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/872,274, filed May 11, 2020, and published as U.S. Publication No. 2020-0272666, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/746,095, filed Jun. 22, 2015, and issued on May 12, 2020 as U.S. Pat. No. 10,650,052, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/016,599, filed Jun. 24, 2014, the entire disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties for all purposes. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     This relates generally to user interfaces for navigating and displaying content items. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     Electronic devices that provide a user interface for navigating and displaying content items are often cluttered and confusing for users. Further, bringing up the user interface after viewing video, for example, can be a jarring and unintuitive experience. 
     SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that allow a user to navigate through numerous content items. There is a need to provide a fast, efficient, and convenient way for users to navigate through and select content items for consumption (e.g., viewing, listening, etc.). The embodiments described below provide a fast, efficient, and convenient way for users to navigate through and select content items for consumption using a column user interface. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Detailed Description below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures. 
         FIG.  1 A  is a block diagram illustrating a multifunction device with a touch-sensitive display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  1 B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a multifunction device having a touch screen in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  3    is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  4    illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunction device with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  5    illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary architecture for the device according to some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS.  6 A- 6 NN  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for navigating through and selecting content items in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of providing a column user interface in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  8 A- 8 D  illustrate exemplary translucent user interfaces in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of providing a user interface with translucent portions in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  10 A- 10 F  illustrate the gradual display of a column user interface over passive content in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS.  11 A- 11 B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of providing a user interface that gradually appears over visual content in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  12 A- 12 E  illustrate exemplary user interfaces including intelligent presentation of contextual information for a content series in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS.  13 A- 13 C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of intelligent presentation of contextual information for a content series in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  14 A- 14 H  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for adding both content and non-content items to a watch list in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS.  15 A- 15 B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of user interfaces for adding both content and non-content items to a watch list in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  16 - 20    show functional block diagrams of electronic devices configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description of examples, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which it is shown by way of illustration specific examples that can be practiced. It is to be understood that other examples can be used and structural changes can be made without departing from the scope of the disclosed examples. 
     Exemplary Devices 
     Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as a mobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touch pads), are, optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a desktop computer or a television with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screen display and/or a touch pad). In some embodiments, the device does not have a touch screen display and/or a touch pad, but rather is capable of outputting display information (such as the user interfaces of the disclosure) for display on a separate display device, and capable of receiving input information from a separate input device having one or more input mechanisms (such as one or more buttons, a touch screen display and/or a touch pad). In some embodiments, the device has a display, but is capable of receiving input information from a separate input device having one or more input mechanisms (such as one or more buttons, a touch screen display and/or a touch pad). 
     In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should be understood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick. Further, as described above, it should be understood that the described electronic device, display and touch-sensitive surface are optionally distributed amongst two or more devices. Therefore, as used in this disclosure, information displayed on the electronic device or by the electronic device is optionally used to describe information outputted by the electronic device for display on a separate display device (touch-sensitive or not). Similarly, as used in this disclosure, input received on the electronic device (e.g., touch input received on a touch-sensitive surface of the electronic device) is optionally used to describe input received on a separate input device, from which the electronic device receives input information. 
     The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a workout support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, a television channel browsing application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that are executed on the device optionally use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface as well as corresponding information displayed on the device are, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the device optionally supports the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user. 
     Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable or non-portable devices with touch-sensitive displays, though the devices need not include touch-sensitive displays or displays in general, as described above.  FIG.  1 A  is a block diagram illustrating portable or non-portable multifunction device  100  with touch-sensitive displays  112  in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display  112  is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and is sometimes known as or called a touch-sensitive display system. Device  100  includes memory  102  (which optionally includes one or more computer readable storage mediums), memory controller  122 , one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  120 , peripherals interface  118 , RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  106 , other input or control devices  116 , and external port  124 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more optical sensors  164 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on device  100  (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100 ). Device  100  optionally includes one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs on device  100  (e.g., generating tactile outputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100  or touchpad  355  of device  300 ). These components optionally communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  103 . 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values that includes at least four distinct values and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., a weighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are converted to an estimated force or pressure and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output” refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component (e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relative to a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user with the user&#39;s sense of touch. For example, in situations where the device or the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a user that is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of a user&#39;s hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or the component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally, interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensation such as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user&#39;s movements. As another example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a user will be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a large majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “up click,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that will generate the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user. 
     It should be appreciated that device  100  is only one example of a portable or non-portable multifunction device, and that device  100  optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG.  1 A  are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. Further, the various components shown in  FIG.  1 A  are optionally implemented across two or more devices; for example, a display and audio circuitry on a display device, a touch-sensitive surface on an input device, and remaining components on device  100 . In such an embodiment, device  100  optionally communicates with the display device and/or the input device to facilitate operation of the system, as described in the disclosure, and the various components described herein that relate to display and/or input remain in device  100 , or are optionally included in the display and/or input device, as appropriate. 
     Memory  102  optionally includes high-speed random access memory and optionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  102  by other components of device  100 , such as CPU  120  and the peripherals interface  118 , is, optionally, controlled by memory controller  122 . 
     Peripherals interface  118  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU  120  and memory  102 . The one or more processors  120  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  102  to perform various functions for device  100  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, peripherals interface  118 , CPU  120 , and memory controller  122  are, optionally, implemented on a single chip, such as chip  104 . In some other embodiments, they are, optionally, implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  108  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  108  optionally communicates with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , and microphone  113  provide an audio interface between a user and device  100 . Audio circuitry  110  receives audio data from peripherals interface  118 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  111 . Speaker  111  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  113  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  118  for processing. Audio data is, optionally, retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  102  and/or RF circuitry  108  by peripherals interface  118 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  110  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  212 ,  FIG.  2   ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  110  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  106  couples input/output peripherals on device  100 , such as touch screen  112  and other input control devices  116 , to peripherals interface  118 . I/O subsystem  106  optionally includes display controller  156 , optical sensor controller  158 , intensity sensor controller  159 , haptic feedback controller  161  and one or more input controllers  160  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  160  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  116 . The other input control devices  116  optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  160  are, optionally, coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  208 ,  FIG.  2   ) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  111  and/or microphone  113 . The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g.,  206 ,  FIG.  2   ). 
     Touch-sensitive display  112  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. As described above, the touch-sensitive operation and the display operation of touch-sensitive display  112  are optionally separated from each other, such that a display device is used for display purposes and a touch-sensitive surface (whether display or not) is used for input detection purposes, and the described components and functions are modified accordingly. However, for simplicity, the following description is provided with reference to a touch-sensitive display. Display controller  156  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen  112 . Touch screen  112  displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output corresponds to user-interface objects. 
     Touch screen  112  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen  112  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen  112  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. Touch screen  112  and display controller  156  optionally detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen  112 . In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California. 
     Touch screen  112  optionally has a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user optionally makes contact with touch screen  112  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  100  optionally includes a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen  112  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  100  also includes power system  162  for powering the various components. Power system  162  optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable or non-portable devices. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more optical sensors  164 .  FIG.  1 A  shows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller  158  in I/O subsystem  106 . Optical sensor  164  optionally includes charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor  164  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), optical sensor  164  optionally captures still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display is enabled for use as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image is, optionally, obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165 .  FIG.  1 A  shows a contact intensity sensor coupled to intensity sensor controller  159  in I/O subsystem  106 . Contact intensity sensor  165  optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors  166 .  FIG.  1 A  shows proximity sensor  166  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, proximity sensor  166  is coupled to input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touch screen  112  when the multifunction device is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators  167 .  FIG.  1 A  shows a tactile output generator coupled to haptic feedback controller  161  in I/O subsystem  106 . Tactile output generator  167  optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices such as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on the device). Contact intensity sensor  165  receives tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module  133  and generates tactile outputs on device  100  that are capable of being sensed by a user of device  100 . In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in/out of a surface of device  100 ) or laterally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as a surface of device  100 ). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch screen display  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more accelerometers  168 .  FIG.  1 A  shows accelerometer  168  coupled to peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, accelerometer  168  is, optionally, coupled to an input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. Device  100  optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s)  168 , a magnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  100 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  102  include operating system  126 , communication module (or set of instructions)  128 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  130 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  132 , text input module (or set of instructions)  134 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  135 , and applications (or sets of instructions)  136 . Furthermore, in some embodiments memory  102  stores device/global internal state  157 , as shown in  FIGS.  1 A and  3   . Device/global internal state  157  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display  112 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and input control devices  116 ; and location information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  126  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  128  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  124  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  108  and/or external port  124 . External port  124  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the 30-pin connector used on iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices. 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects contact with touch screen  112  (in conjunction with display controller  156 ) and other touch-sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module  130  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact) determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module  130  receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  and display controller  156  detect contact on a touchpad. 
     In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device  100 ). For example, a mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of a large range of predefined thresholds values without changing the trackpad or touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjusting one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity” parameter). 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns and intensities. Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event. 
     Graphics module  132  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen  112  or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast or other visual property) of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. 
     In some embodiments, graphics module  132  stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module  132  receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller  156 . 
     Haptic feedback module  133  includes various software components for generating instructions used by tactile output generator(s)  167  to produce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device  100  in response to user interactions with device  100 . 
     Text input module  134 , which is, optionally, a component of graphics module  132 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  137 , e-mail  140 , IM  141 , browser  147 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     PS module  135  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone module  138  for use in location-based dialing, to camera module  143  as picture/video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets). 
     Applications  136  optionally include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
         contacts module  137  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   telephone module  138 ;   video conferencing module  139 ;   e-mail client module  140 ;   instant messaging (IM) module  141 ;   workout support module  142 ;   camera module  143  for still and/or video images;   image management module  144 ;   browser module  147 ;   calendar module  148 ;   widget modules  149 , which optionally include one or more of: weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , dictionary widget  149 - 5 , and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   widget creator module  150  for making user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   search module  151 ;   video and music player module  152 , which is, optionally, made up of a video player module and a music player module;   notes module  153 ;   map module  154 ;   online video module  155 .       

     Examples of other applications  136  that are, optionally, stored in memory  102  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , contacts module  137  are, optionally, used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state  192  of contacts module  137  in memory  102  or memory  370 ), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  138 , video conference  139 , e-mail  140 , or IM  141 ; and so forth. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , telephone module  138  are, optionally, used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in address book  137 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , contact list  137 , and telephone module  138 , videoconferencing module  139  includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140  includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module  144 , e-mail client module  140  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  143 . 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the instant messaging module  141  includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , map module  154 , and music player module  146 , workout support module  142  includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store and transmit workout data. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and image management module  144 , camera module  143  includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  102 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory  102 . 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and camera module  143 , image management module  144  includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , browser module  147  includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , calendar module  148  includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , widget modules  149  are mini-applications that are, optionally, downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , and dictionary widget  149 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget  149 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget creator module  150  are, optionally, used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , search module  151  includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  102  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , and browser module  147 , video and music player module  152  includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch screen  112  or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ). In some embodiments, device  100  optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , notes module  153  includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , and browser module  147 , map module  154  are, optionally, used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location; and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , online video module  155  includes instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module  141 , rather than e-mail client module  140 , is used to send a link to a particular online video. 
     Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  102  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, device  100  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad (whether included in device  100  or on a separate device, such as an input device). By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device  100 , the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device  100  is, optionally, reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device  100  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that is displayed on device  100 . In such embodiments, a “menu button” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG.  1 B  is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  (in  FIG.  1 A ) or  370  ( FIG.  3   ) includes event sorter  170  (e.g., in operating system  126 ) and a respective application  136 - 1  (e.g., any of the aforementioned applications  137 - 151 ,  155 ,  380 - 390 ). 
     Event sorter  170  receives event information and determines the application  136 - 1  and application view  191  of application  136 - 1  to which to deliver the event information. Event sorter  170  includes event monitor  171  and event dispatcher module  174 . In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes application internal state  192 , which indicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch-sensitive display  112  when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device/global internal state  157  is used by event sorter  170  to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, and application internal state  192  is used by event sorter  170  to determine application views  191  to which to deliver event information. 
     In some embodiments, application internal state  192  includes additional information, such as one or more of: resume information to be used when application  136 - 1  resumes execution, user interface state information that indicates information being displayed or that is ready for display by application  136 - 1 , a state queue for enabling the user to go back to a prior state or view of application  136 - 1 , and a redo/undo queue of previous actions taken by the user. 
     Event monitor  171  receives event information from peripherals interface  118 . Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display  112 , as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface  118  transmits information it receives from I/O subsystem  106  or a sensor, such as proximity sensor  166 , accelerometer(s)  168 , and/or microphone  113  (through audio circuitry  110 ). Information that peripherals interface  118  receives from I/O subsystem  106  includes information from touch-sensitive display  112  or a touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, event monitor  171  sends requests to the peripherals interface  118  at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface  118  transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripheral interface  118  transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration). 
     In some embodiments, event sorter  170  also includes a hit view determination module  172  and/or an active event recognizer determination module  173 . 
     Hit view determination module  172  provides software procedures for determining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views, when touch-sensitive display  112  displays more than one view. Views are made up of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display. 
     Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes herein called application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) in which a touch is detected optionally correspond to programmatic levels within a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is, optionally, called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs are, optionally, determined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture. 
     Hit view determination module  172  receives information related to sub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module  172  identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which should handle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowest level view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (i.e., the first sub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determination module, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view. 
     Active event recognizer determination module  173  determines which view or views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that all views that include the physical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, and therefore determines that all actively involved views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touch sub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain as actively involved views. 
     Event dispatcher module  174  dispatches the event information to an event recognizer (e.g., event recognizer  180 ). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module  173 , event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined by active event recognizer determination module  173 . In some embodiments, event dispatcher module  174  stores in an event queue the event information, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver module  182 . 
     In some embodiments, operating system  126  includes event sorter  170 . Alternatively, application  136 - 1  includes event sorter  170 . In yet other embodiments, event sorter  170  is a stand-alone module, or a part of another module stored in memory  102 , such as contact/motion module  130 . 
     In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes a plurality of event handlers  190  and one or more application views  191 , each of which includes instructions for handling touch events that occur within a respective view of the application&#39;s user interface. Each application view  191  of the application  136 - 1  includes one or more event recognizers  180 . Typically, a respective application view  191  includes a plurality of event recognizers  180 . In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers  180  are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application  136 - 1  inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respective event handler  190  includes one or more of: data updater  176 , object updater  177 , GUI updater  178 , and/or event data  179  received from event sorter  170 . Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176 , object updater  177  or GUI updater  178  to update the application internal state  192 . Alternatively, one or more of the application views  191  includes one or more respective event handlers  190 . Also, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a respective application view  191 . 
     A respective event recognizer  180  receives event information (e.g., event data  179 ) from event sorter  170 , and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer  180  includes event receiver  182  and event comparator  184 . In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  also includes at least a subset of: metadata  183 , and event delivery instructions  188  (which optionally include sub-event delivery instructions). 
     Event receiver  182  receives event information from event sorter  170 . The event information includes information about a sub-event, for example, a touch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as location of the sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the event information optionally also includes speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation (also called device attitude) of the device. 
     Event comparator  184  compares the event information to predefined event or sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines an event or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  includes event definitions  186 . Event definitions  186  contain definitions of events (e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event 1 ( 187 - 1 ), event 2 ( 187 - 2 ), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in an event  187  include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, the definition for event 1 ( 187 - 1 ) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition for event 2 ( 187 - 2 ) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, for example, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitive display  112 , and lift-off of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers  190 . 
     In some embodiments, event definition  187  includes a definition of an event for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which user-interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view in which three user-interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display  112 , when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display  112 , event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which of the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler  190 , the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler  190  should be activated. For example, event comparator  184  selects an event handler associated with the sub-event and the object triggering the hit test. 
     In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event  187  also includes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-events does or does not correspond to the event recognizer&#39;s event type. 
     When a respective event recognizer  180  determines that the series of sub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions  186 , the respective event recognizer  180  enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other event recognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  includes metadata  183  with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively involved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  activates event handler  190  associated with an event when one or more particular sub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  delivers event information associated with the event to event handler  190 . Activating an event handler  190  is distinct from sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view. In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  throws a flag associated with the recognized event, and event handler  190  associated with the flag catches the flag and performs a predefined process. 
     In some embodiments, event delivery instructions  188  include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver event information to event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved views receive the event information and perform a predetermined process. 
     In some embodiments, data updater  176  creates and updates data used in application  136 - 1 . For example, data updater  176  updates the telephone number used in contacts module  137 , or stores a video file used in video player module  145 . In some embodiments, object updater  177  creates and updates objects used in application  136 - 1 . For example, object updater  177  creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of a user-interface object. GUI updater  178  updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater  178  prepares display information and sends it to graphics module  132  for display on a touch-sensitive display. 
     In some embodiments, event handler(s)  190  includes or has access to data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178 . In some embodiments, data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a single module of a respective application  136 - 1  or application view  191 . In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules. 
     It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding event handling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays and/or touchpads also applies to other forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices  100  with input-devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movements such as taps, drags, scrolls, etc., on touch-pads; pen stylus inputs; movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements; biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to be recognized. 
       FIG.  2    illustrates a portable or non-portable multifunction device  100  having a touch screen  112  in accordance with some embodiments. As stated above, multifunction device  100  is described as having the various illustrated structures (such as touch screen  112 , speaker  111 , accelerometer  168 , microphone  113 , etc.); however, it is understood that these structures optionally reside on separate devices. For example, display-related structures (e.g., display, speaker, etc.) and/or functions optionally reside on a separate display device, input-related structures (e.g., touch-sensitive surface, microphone, accelerometer, etc.) and/or functions optionally reside on a separate input device, and remaining structures and/or functions optionally reside on multifunction device  100 . 
     The touch screen  112  optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  200 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabled to select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  202  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  203  (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward) and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with device  100 . In some implementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  204 . As described previously, menu button  204  is, optionally, used to navigate to any application  136  in a set of applications that are, optionally executed on device  100 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen  112 . 
     In one embodiment, device  100  includes touch screen  112 , menu button  204 , push button  206  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  208 , Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  210 , head set jack  212 , and docking/charging external port  124 . Push button  206  is, optionally, used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device  100  also accepts verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  113 . Device  100  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensity of contacts on touch screen  112  and/or one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  100 . 
       FIG.  3    is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. Device  300  need not include the display and the touch-sensitive surface, as described above, but rather, in some embodiments, optionally communicates with the display and the touch-sensitive surface on other devices. Additionally, device  300  need not be portable. In some embodiments, device  300  is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device (such as a television or a set-top box), a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child&#39;s learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device  300  typically includes one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  310 , one or more network or other communications interfaces  360 , memory  370 , and one or more communication buses  320  for interconnecting these components. Communication buses  320  optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communications between system components. Device  300  includes input/output (I/O) interface  330  comprising display  340 , which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface  330  also optionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)  350  and touchpad  355 , tactile output generator  357  for generating tactile outputs on device  300  (e.g., similar to tactile output generator(s)  167  described above with reference to  FIG.  1 A ), sensors  359  (e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s)  165  described above with reference to  FIG.  1 A ). Memory  370  includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solid state memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. Memory  370  optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from CPU(s)  310 . In some embodiments, memory  370  stores programs, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory  102  of portable or non-portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG.  1 A ), or a subset thereof. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory  102  of portable or non-portable multifunction device  100 . For example, memory  370  of device  300  optionally stores drawing module  380 , presentation module  382 , word processing module  384 , website creation module  386 , disk authoring module  388 , and/or spreadsheet module  390 , while memory  102  of portable or non-portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG.  1 A ) optionally does not store these modules. 
     Each of the above identified elements in  FIG.  3    are, optionally, stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the above identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing a function described above. The above identified modules or programs (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  370  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
       FIG.  4    illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG.  3   ) with a touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., a tablet or touchpad  355 ,  FIG.  3   ) that is separate from the display  450  (e.g., touch screen display  112 ). Device  300  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors  357 ) for detecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or one or more tactile output generators  359  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  300 . 
     Although some of the examples which follow will be given with reference to inputs on touch screen display  112  (where the touch sensitive surface and the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects inputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, as shown in  FIG.  4   . In some embodiments the touch sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG.  4   ) has a primary axis (e.g.,  452  in  FIG.  4   ) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g.,  453  in  FIG.  4   ) on the display (e.g.,  450 ). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detects contacts (e.g.,  460  and  462  in  FIG.  4   ) with the touch-sensitive surface  451  at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in  FIG.  4 ,  460    corresponds to  468  and  462  corresponds to  470 ). In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts  460  and  462 , and movements thereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG.  4   ) are used by the device to manipulate the user interface on the display (e.g.,  450  in  FIG.  4   ) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other user interfaces described herein. 
     Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., a mouse based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detect the contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneously detected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are, optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are, optionally, used simultaneously. 
     As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad  355  in  FIG.  3    or touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG.  4   ) while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations that include a touch-screen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112  in  FIG.  1 A  or touch screen  112  in  FIG.  4 A ) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touch-screen display, a detected contact on the touch-screen acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected on the touch-screen display at a location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region of the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on a touch-screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with movement of focus between different regions of the user interface. Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, the focus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on a touch-screen display) that is controlled by the user so as to communicate the user&#39;s intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interface with which the user is intending to interact). For example, the location of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact or a selection box) over a respective button while a press input is detected on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicate that the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposed to other user interface elements shown on a display of the device). 
     In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations are performed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respective press input or in response to detecting the respective press input performed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), where the respective press input is detected based at least in part on detecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality of contacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective press input). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). 
     In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid accidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationship to the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensity threshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90% or some reasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press input is detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of the contact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and, optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g., the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity of the contact, depending on the circumstances). 
     For ease of explanation, the description of operations performed in response to a press input associated with a press-input intensity threshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are, optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase in intensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-input intensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensity threshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-input intensity threshold. 
       FIG.  5    illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary architecture for the device  500  according to some embodiments of the disclosure. In the embodiment of  FIG.  5   , media content is optionally received by device  500  via network interface  502 , which is optionally a wireless or wired connection. The one or more processors  504  optionally execute any number of programs stored in memory  506  or storage, which optionally includes instructions to perform one or more of the methods and/or processes described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100 ,  1300 , and/or  1500 ). 
     In some embodiments, display controller  508  causes the various user interfaces of the disclosure to be displayed on display  500 . Further, input to device  500  is optionally provided by remote  510  via remote interface  512 , which is optionally a wireless or a wired connection. It is understood that the embodiment of  FIG.  5    is not meant to limit the features of the device of the disclosure, and that other components to facilitate other features described in the disclosure are optionally included in the architecture of  FIG.  5    as well. In some embodiments, device  500  optionally corresponds to one or more of multifunction device  100  in  FIGS.  1 A and  2    and device  300  in  FIG.  3   ; network interface  502  optionally corresponds to one or more of RF circuitry  108 , external port  124 , and peripherals interface  118  in  FIGS.  1 A and  2   , and network communications interface  360  in  FIG.  3   ; processor  504  optionally corresponds to one or more of processor(s)  120  in  FIG.  1 A  and CPU(s)  310  in  FIG.  3   ; display controller  508  optionally corresponds to one or more of display controller  156  in  FIG.  1 A  and I/O interface  330  in  FIG.  3   ; memory  506  optionally corresponds to one or more of memory  102  in  FIG.  1 A  and memory  370  in  FIG.  3   ; remote interface  512  optionally corresponds to one or more of peripherals interface  118 , and I/O subsystem  106  (and/or its components) in  FIG.  1 A , and I/O interface  330  in  FIG.  3   ; remote  512  optionally corresponds to and or includes one or more of speaker  111 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , microphone  113 , optical sensor(s)  164 , contact intensity sensor(s)  165 , tactile output generator(s)  167 , other input control devices  116 , accelerometer(s)  168 , proximity sensor  166 , and I/O subsystem  106  in  FIG.  1 A , and keyboard/mouse  350 , touchpad  355 , tactile output generator(s)  357 , and contact intensity sensor(s)  359  in  FIG.  3   , and touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG.  4   ; and, display  514  optionally corresponds to one or more of touch-sensitive display system  112  in  FIGS.  1 A and  2   , and display  340  in  FIG.  3   . 
     User Interfaces and Associated Processes 
     Column User Interface 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that allow a user to navigate through numerous content items. There is a need to provide a fast, efficient, and convenient way for users to navigate through and select content items for consumption (e.g., viewing, listening, etc.). The embodiments described below provide a fast, efficient, and convenient way for users to navigate through and select content items for consumption using a column user interface. 
       FIGS.  6 A- 6 NN  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for navigating through and selecting content items in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes described below with reference to  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E . 
       FIGS.  6 A- 6 U  illustrate an example of a column user interface. A column user interface is displayed on display  514  of a device (e.g., device  500 ) and is responsive to user input, such as on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or remote  510 . The column user interface in  FIGS.  6 A- 6 U  includes columns  6002 - 1 ,  6002 - 2 ,  6002 - 3 ,  6002 - 4 ,  6002 - 5 , and  6002 - 6 . The columns include headings “On Now”, “Watch List”, “TV Shows”, “Movies”, “Sports”, and “Just Kids”, respectively. The columns include one or more menu items that are optionally selected by a user to access content and/or navigate through further user interfaces, among other possibilities. 
     For example, the menu items in the “On Now” column  6002 - 1  each correspond to video content that is currently airing live, and a user can view the corresponding video content by selecting one of the menu items. Menu items corresponding to live video content, such as menu items  6004 - 1 ,  6004 - 2 ,  6004 - 3 , and  6004 - 4 , are optionally represented in the user interface by live video. The menu items in the “Watch List” column  6002 - 2  each correspond to video content that is available to view on-demand, and a user can view the corresponding on-demand video content by selecting one of the menu items in the “Watch List” column. Menu items corresponding to live video content, such as menu items  6006 - 1 ,  6006 - 2 ,  6006 - 3 ,  6006 - 4 , and  6006 - 5 , are optionally represented in the user interface by one or more still images and/or text. Further, the text optionally indicates a number of unwatched episodes of a content series corresponding to the menu item. For example, menu item  6006 - 1  indicates that the user has three unwatched episodes of Game of Thrones in the watch list. 
     In  FIG.  6 B , column  6002 - 2  is currently highlighted, as indicated by column focus indicators  6010 - 1  and  6010 - 2 . Further, the heading “Watch List”  6014  is currently highlighted, as indicated by item focus indicator  6008 . Upon receiving user input selected the heading “Watch List”  6014 , a “Watch List” column interface (as illustrated in  FIGS.  6 V- 6 BB ) is optionally presented on the display  514 . In  FIG.  6 C , column  6002 - 2  remains highlighted, and now the menu item “Game of Thrones”  6006 - 1  is highlighted by item focus indicator  6008 . Focus is, optionally, changed in response to detecting input by the user using an input device, such as remote  510 . For example, a down button is optionally pressed on the remote, or a swipe down gesture is optionally received on the remote, and in response a down navigation operation is optionally received and the item focus indicator  6008  optionally moves down from the “Watch List” heading  6014  to the menu item “Game of Thrones”  6006 - 1 , as illustrated in  FIGS.  6 B- 6 C . In  FIG.  6 D , the item focus indicator  6008  moves down to the next menu item “Mad Men”  6006 - 2 . 
     In some embodiments, a background color of the user interface optionally changes based on the menu item that is currently highlighted. For example, the logo of “Game of Thrones” contains the color brown, and thus the background of the user interface may be brown when the “Game of Thrones” menu item  6006 - 1  is highlighted by the item focus indicator  6008 . The logo of “Mad Men” contains the color red, and thus the background of the user interface may be red when the “Mad Men” menu item  6006 - 2  is highlighted by the item focus indicator  6008 . 
     In  FIG.  6 E , column  6002 - 3  is currently highlighted, as indicated by column focus indicators  6010 - 1  and  6010 - 2 . Further the menu item “Mad Men”  6012  is currently highlighted, as indicated by the item focus indicator  6008 . Receiving a right navigation operation optionally causes the item focus indicator  6008  to move from one column (e.g., column  6002 - 2 ) to a column adjacent to the right (e.g., column  6002 - 3 ), as illustrated in  FIGS.  6 D- 6 E . 
     In some embodiments, one or more columns optionally have multiple menu items on a row, as illustrated in  FIGS.  6 F- 6 I . In  FIGS.  6 F- 6 I , each row of column  6002 - 3  has multiple menu items. For example, menu items  6016 - 1  and  6016 - 2  are in the same row in column  6002 - 3 . In such a case, a right navigation operation does not always navigate to the next column. In  FIGS.  6 F- 6 I , a series of three right navigation operations optionally navigates from menu item  6006 - 2  ( FIG.  6 F ), to menu item  6016 - 1  ( FIG.  6 G ), to menu item  6016 - 2  ( FIG.  6 H ), and to menu item  6018  ( FIG.  6 I ). However, in this example, only the first and third right navigation operations navigate to the next column—the second right navigation operation only moves from  6016 - 1  to  6016 - 2  within column  6002 - 3 . 
       FIGS.  6 J- 6 M  illustrate horizontal scrolling of columns in the column interface. In some embodiments, one or more columns are optionally offscreen, and the user can scroll the columns to navigate to additional columns. For example,  FIGS.  6 K,  6 L, and  6 M  illustrate additional column  6002 - 6 , labeled “Just Kids”, which is offscreen in  FIG.  6 J , move onto the display  514 . 
     In  FIGS.  6 J- 6 M , the position of the highlighted column with respect to the display  514  is optionally proportional to the highlighted column&#39;s position with respect to the other columns. In  FIG.  6 J , column  6002 - 2  is highlighted, and its position is approximately one-third the length of the display  514  from the left edge of the display because column  6002 - 2  is the second column of six columns. In  FIG.  6 K , column  6002 - 3  is highlighted, and its position is approximately one-half the length of the display  514  from the left edge of the display because column  6002 - 3  is the third column of six columns. In  FIG.  6 L , column  6002 - 4  is highlighted, and its position is approximately two-thirds the length of the display  514  from the left edge of the display because column  6002 - 4  is the fourth column of six columns. In  FIG.  6 M , column  6002 - 6  is highlighted, and its position is approximately the full length of the display  514  from the left edge of the display because column  6002 - 6  is the sixth column of six columns. 
       FIGS.  6 N- 6 P  illustrate vertical scrolling of column in the column interface. Although the columns optionally scroll together horizontally (as illustrated in  FIGS.  6 J- 6 M ),  FIGS.  6 N- 6 P  illustrate column  6002 - 2  scrolling vertically independently of the other columns. In some embodiments, one or more menu items of a column are optionally offscreen, and the user can scroll a column to navigate to additional menu items. For example,  FIG.  6 P  illustrates additional menu item  6006 - 6 , labeled “Road House”, which is offscreen in  FIGS.  6 N and  60   , moving onto the display  514 . 
       FIGS.  6 Q- 6 U  illustrate vertical scrolling of a column with sticky headings  6020 - 1 ,  6020 - 2 ,  6020 - 3 , and  6020 - 4  in the column interface. As the column  6002 - 3  is scrolled vertically, each of headings  6020 - 1 ,  6020 - 2 ,  6020 - 3 , and  6020 - 4  stops scrolling at the top of the column as menu items below it continue to scroll. For example, the menu items beneath heading  6020 - 1  scroll up into the heading and disappear in  FIGS.  6 Q,  6 R, and  6 S . As heading  6020 - 2  approaches heading  6020 - 1  in  FIGS.  6 S and  6 T , the heading  6020 - 2  replaces heading  6020 - 1  and at the top of the column and stops scrolling as the menu items below heading  6020 - 2  continue to scroll. The menu items beneath heading  6020 - 2  scroll up into the heading and disappear in  FIGS.  6 S,  6 T, and  6 U . 
       FIGS.  6 V- 6 BB  illustrate a watch list column interface according to some embodiments. The column interface described herein optionally allows a user to navigate a hierarchy of columns. For example, a user optionally selects the “Watch List” heading  6014  of column  6002 - 2  in the first set of columns in  FIG.  6 A  to navigate to the second set of columns in the watch list column interface in  FIGS.  6 V- 6 BB , and a plurality of the menu items in column  6002 - 2  correspond to columns in the watch list column interface in  FIGS.  6 V- 6 BB . 
     In some embodiments, a plurality of the menu items in a column in a first set of columns are optionally grouped together in a single column in a second set of columns. For example,  FIG.  6 V  illustrates a plurality of episodes of “Game of Thrones” as menu items  6026 - 1 ,  6026 - 2 , and  6026 - 3  in column  6022 - 1 . If a user selects the column header  6024 , then a second set of columns may be displayed on display  514 , with the first episode  6026 - 1  displayed in its own column, and the remaining episodes  6026 - 2  and  6026 - 3  grouped as menu items in an additional column. 
       FIGS.  6 W- 6 BB  illustrate various embodiments of indicating a highlighted column. In  FIGS.  6 W and  6 X , the highlighted column is indicated by column focus indicators  6010 - 1  and  6010 - 2 . In  FIGS.  6 Y and  6 Z , the highlighted column is indicated by increasing the width of the highlighted column relative to the other columns. In  FIGS.  6 AA and  6 BB , the highlighted column is indicated by displaying more information in the highlighted column relative to the other columns. 
       FIGS.  6 CC- 6 DD  illustrate a content series page column interface according to some embodiments. For example, a content series page as illustrated in  FIGS.  6 CC and  6 DD  is optionally displayed on the display  514  in response to selection of menu item  6006 - 2  in  FIG.  6 A  or header  6032  in  FIG.  6 V . A splash area  6028  optionally includes a still image corresponding to the content series, the title of the content series, and other information corresponding to the content series. A plurality of columns  6030 - 1 ,  6030 - 2 ,  6030 - 3 ,  6030 - 4 , and  6030 - 5  are optionally displayed in the content series page column interface. In  FIG.  6 DD , an “Extras” column  6030 - 5  includes menu items corresponding to content intelligently selected based on its relation to the content series. For example, column  6030 - 5  includes menu items corresponding to clips of talk shows starring cast members of the content series and a clip of a parody of the content series. 
       FIG.  6 EE  illustrates a recent content column interface according to some embodiments. The columns  6034 - 1 ,  6034 - 2 ,  6034 - 3 ,  6034 - 4 , and  6034 - 5  each correspond to recently viewed content in a particular category. 
       FIGS.  6 FF- 6 MM  illustrate a search column interface according to some embodiments. The columns optionally include search entry column  6036 - 1 , search suggestions column  6036 - 2 , and search results column  6036 - 3 . A user optionally enters letters into the partial search term  6038  using the onscreen keyboard  6040 . As the letters are entered, both the search suggestions column  6036 - 2  and the search results column  6036 - 3  are automatically updated. While the letters are being entered, the search results optionally reflect an incremental search with results that literally begin with the partial search term  6038 . For example, in  FIG.  6 FF , the partial search term  6038  is “s”, so all the results in column  6036 - 3  begin with “s”. Likewise, in  FIG.  6 GG , the partial search term  6038  is “su”, so all the results in column  6036 - 3  begin with “su”. And in  FIG.  6 HH , the partial search term  6038  is “super”, so all the results in column  3036 - 3  begin with “super”. However, once a search suggestion is highlighted in search suggestions column  6036 - 2 , the search results column  6036 - 3  optionally reflect a search of the search suggestion. Thus, in  FIG.  6 JJ , the suggestion “superheroes” is selected, and the results in column  6036 - 3  are content items about superheroes (e.g., superhero movies). In  FIGS.  6 KK  and  6 LL, the menu items of the search results column  6036 - 3  are navigated to optionally select one of the results (as in  FIG.  6 KK ) or add the search to a watch list (as in  FIG.  6 LL ). Adding a search to a watch list optionally populates the watch list with the search results.  FIG.  6 MM  illustrates a search results column interface which is optionally displayed in response to selection of the search results heading  6042 . In  FIG.  6 MM , each column corresponds to a menu item of the search results column  6036 - 3  in  FIGS.  6 FF- 6 LL . 
       FIG.  6 NN  illustrates a sports column interface according to some embodiments. A sports column interface is optionally displayed on display  514  in response to selection of the sports heading  6044  in  FIGS.  6 A- 6 U . The sports column interface optionally includes columns  6046 - 1 ,  6046 - 2 , and  6046 - 3 , corresponding to yesterday, today, and tomorrow, respectively, although additional columns may correspond to additional days, in some embodiments. The menu items in column  6046 - 1  correspond to games that have already been played and are available for viewing on-demand. Selection of any of the menu items in column  6046 - 1  optionally causes playback of the corresponding game or highlights of the corresponding game, among other possibilities. Menu item  6048 - 1  in the today column  6046 - 2  corresponds to a game currently airing live, and the menu item  6048 - 1  is optionally represented by live video of the live game. Selection of the menu item  6048 - 1  optionally changes to the channel on which the live game is currently airing. Selection of upcoming games  6048 - 2 ,  6048 - 3 , or any menu items in column  6046 - 3  optionally prompts the user to add the corresponding game to a watch list, or to display more information about the corresponding game, among other possibilities. 
       FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of providing a column user interface in accordance with some embodiments. The method is optionally performed at an electronic device as described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A-B  and  2 - 5  (e.g., electronic device  100 ,  300 , or  500 , etc.). Some operations in method  700  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  700  provides ways in which a device can display a column user interface. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device by providing an intuitive user interface for selecting content items, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interfaces conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a display device) with one or more processors and memory provides ( 702 ), for display on a display device (e.g., a separate display such as a television or computer monitor, or an integrated display that is part of the electronic device), a user interface including a first set of columns. Two or more columns in the first set of columns each include two or more menu items (e.g., text, images, and/or video content, some or all of which may optionally include links to content, applications, and/or other user interfaces). For example,  FIGS.  6 A- 6 NN  illustrate user interfaces with sets of columns (e.g., columns  6002 - 1 ,  6002 - 2 ,  6002 - 3 ,  6002 - 4 ,  6002 - 5 , and  6002 - 6 ). Each of the example columns has two or more menu items (e.g., menu items  6004 - 1 ,  6004 - 2 ,  6004 - 3 , and  6004 - 4  in column  6002 - 1  and menu items  6006 - 1 ,  6006 - 2 ,  6006 - 3 ,  6006 - 4 , and  6006 - 5  in column  6002 - 2 ). In some embodiments, the user interface optionally has ( 706 ) at least one background color. 
     In some embodiments, the first set of columns are optionally configured ( 704 ) to move together when scrolled in a first direction (e.g., a horizontal direction) and to move separately when scrolled in a second direction (e.g., a vertical direction) that is different from the first direction (e.g., when scrolling horizontally, all the columns are scrolled, and when scrolling vertically, only a selected column is scrolled; and when scrolling horizontally, the onscreen horizontal position of the selected column may be proportional to the relative position of the selected column among the total plurality of columns, including those that are offscreen). For example,  FIGS.  6 J- 6 M  illustrate the columns  6002 - 1 ,  6002 - 2 ,  6002 - 3 ,  6002 - 4 ,  6002 - 5 , and  6002 - 6  moving together when scrolled horizontally from right to left. Further,  FIGS.  6 N- 6 P  illustrate the column  6002 - 2  moving separately from the other columns when scrolled horizontally. 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device receives ( 718 ) a selection input. In response ( 720 ) to receiving the selection input, in accordance with a determination that the selection input corresponds to selection of a first column (e.g., an input selecting a heading of the first column, such as a “Watch List” heading for a Watch List column), the electronic device provides ( 722 ), for display on the display device, a second set of columns (different from the first set of columns). Two or more of the columns in the second set of columns correspond to different subsets of menu items that were displayed in the first column that was selected in response to the selection input (e.g., each column in the second set of columns corresponds to an item in the user&#39;s Watch List) (and one or more additional columns, e.g., each subset is an episode of a television series, and the one or more additional columns include extra content related to the television series). In some embodiments, a first column in the second set of columns optionally corresponds ( 724 ) to a first menu item from the first column (and only the first menu item), and a second column in the second set of columns optionally corresponds to a second menu item from the first column that is different from (e.g., distinct from) the first menu item from the first column (and only the second menu item). For example,  FIG.  6 B  illustrates selection of a “Watch List” heading of a watch list column  6002 - 2 , resulting in a set of watch list columns illustrated in  FIG.  6 V . Several of the watch list columns in  FIG.  6 V  correspond to different subsets of menu items in the watch list column  6002 - 2  in  FIG.  6 B  (e.g., “Chronicle” menu item  6006 - 3  corresponds to “Chronicle” column  6022 - 3 , “WALL-E” menu item  6006 - 4  corresponds to “WALL-E” column  6022 - 4 , etc.). 
     In some embodiments, a first column in the second set of columns optionally corresponds ( 726 ) to a first plurality of the menu items from the first column, and a second column in the second set of columns optionally corresponds to a second plurality of the menu items from the first column that is different from (e.g., distinct from) the first plurality of menu items from the first column (e.g., a subset for each letter in the alphabet, a subset for each artist in a music collection, a subset for each television series in a Watch List, etc.). For example,  FIG.  6 V  illustrates a plurality of episodes of “Veep” grouped in column  6022 - 5 . 
     In some embodiments, in response ( 720 ) to the selection input, in accordance with a determination that the selection input corresponds to selection of a menu item from the first column (e.g., an input selecting a representation of an episode of a television show from the Watch List column) the electronic device optionally provides ( 730 ), for display on the display device, a user interface associated with the menu item that was selected (e.g., content associated with the menu item, a set of columns associated with the menu item, a grid associated with the menu item, a set of rows associated with the menu item, etc.). In some embodiments, the menu item optionally corresponds ( 732 ) to a content series (e.g., a television series, a miniseries, a set of webisodes, among other possibilities) that includes a plurality of episodes, and a respective episode of the plurality of episodes is in a watch list (e.g., a list of movies, content series, episodes, music actors, genres, searches, etc.). For example,  FIG.  6 D  illustrates selection of a “Mad Men” menu item  6006 - 2 , resulting in a user interface associated with the content series “Mad Men” as illustrated in  FIG.  6 CC . 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device optionally generates ( 734 ) one or more links to ancillary content related to the respective episode (e.g., a clip of a talk show featuring an actor from the episode, a clip of a parody of the episode, a song featured in the episode, among other possibilities), and the second set of columns optionally includes the one or more links to ancillary content related to the respective episode. For example,  FIG.  6 DD  illustrates column  6030 - 5  comprising a plurality of links to ancillary content related to an episode of the content series “Mad Men”. 
     In some embodiments, the first set of columns are optionally scrolled ( 736 ) in a first direction. A selected column display position (e.g., a horizontal position on the display given with respect to the user interface) is optionally determined ( 738 ) based on a position of a currently selected column with respect to a total number of the plurality of columns (e.g., the position may be the first column of twelve total columns, or the sixth column of six total columns). The plurality of columns are optionally scrolled ( 740 ) such that the currently selected column moves to the selected column display position on the display device (e.g., if there are 100 total columns, including those that are currently offscreen, and the selected column is the 20th column, then the selected column may have a horizontal position that is 20% of the total horizontal display length; similarly, if there are 100 total columns, and the selected column is the 90th column, then the selected column may have a horizontal position that is 90% of the total display length, etc.). For example,  FIGS.  6 J- 6 M  illustrate the columns  6002 - 1 ,  6002 - 2 ,  6002 - 3 ,  6002 - 4 ,  6002 - 5 , and  6002 - 6  with proportional scrolling, as described above with reference to  FIGS.  6 J- 6 M . 
     In some embodiments, second input to advance from the first column to a second column is optionally received ( 742 ), and in response to the second input, a visual characteristic of one or both of the first column and the second column is optionally altered ( 744 ). In some embodiments, altering the visual characteristic optionally includes increasing ( 746 ) a visual emphasis of the second column relative to a visual emphasis of the first column (e.g., by increasing a brightness, contrast, opacity, saturation, or other visual property of the second column). For example,  FIGS.  6 W and  6 X  illustrate increasing a visual emphasis of column  6022 - 3  when navigation advances from column  6022 - 2  to column  6022 - 3 . In some embodiments, altering the visual characteristic optionally includes displaying ( 748 ) additional information on the second column (and/or removing information from the first column). For example,  FIGS.  6 AA and  6 BB  illustrate displaying additional information of column  6022 - 3  when navigation advances from column  6022 - 2  to column  6022 - 3 . In some embodiments, altering the visual characteristic optionally includes increasing ( 750 ) a spatial property of the second column relative to a spatial property of the first column (e.g., by increasing a width, height, z position, or other spatial property of the second column). For example,  FIGS.  6 Y and  6 Z  illustrate increasing a width of column  6022 - 3  when navigation advances from column  6022 - 2  to column  6022 - 3 . 
     In some embodiments, second input is optionally received ( 752 ) to advance from a first menu item of the first column to a second menu item of the first column. In response, a color associated with a logo of the second menu item is optionally obtained ( 754 ), and the background color of the user interface is optionally altered ( 756 ) in accordance with the color associated with the logo of the second menu item. For example,  FIGS.  6 C and  6 D  illustrate navigation advancing from menu item  6006 - 1  to menu item  6006 - 2 , and a background color of the user interface optionally changes as described above with reference to  FIGS.  6 C and  6 D . 
     In some embodiments, the first column optionally includes ( 728 ) first and second headings (e.g., sub-headings of the first column). A scrolling input corresponding to the first column is optionally received ( 758 ). In response ( 760 ) to the scrolling input, the menu items of the first column are optionally scrolled ( 762 ), where the first heading remains stationary during the scrolling of the menu items of the first column. The first heading is optionally scrolled ( 764 ) off an edge of the user interface, such that the first heading is no longer visible in the user interface after scrolling the first heading off the edge of the user interface. The first heading is optionally replaced ( 766 ) with the second heading, such that the second heading remains stationary during scrolling after replacing the first heading. For example,  FIGS.  6 Q- 6 U  illustrate vertical scrolling of a column  6002 - 3  with sticky headings  6020 - 1 ,  6020 - 2 ,  6020 - 3 , and  6020 - 4 . 
     In some embodiments, the first set of columns is optionally generated based on a partial search term ( 708 ). A search suggestions column in the first set of columns is optionally generated ( 770 ) for display. The search suggestions column optionally comprises a plurality of search suggestions, and a respective search suggestion of the plurality of search suggestions is optionally highlighted. A search results column in the first set of columns is optionally generated ( 772 ) for display. The search suggestions column optionally comprises a plurality of search results corresponding to the respective search suggestion. A selection of the respective search suggestion is optionally received ( 774 ), and in response to the selection of the respective search suggestion, a plurality of search results columns is optionally generated ( 776 ) for display, including two or more search results columns that each correspond to one search result of the plurality of search results. For example,  FIGS.  6 FF- 6 LL  illustrate a search user interface including search results column  6036 - 6 , and  FIG.  6 MM  illustrates a corresponding search results column interface, with columns corresponding to the search results in search results column  6036 - 6 . 
     In some embodiments, providing the user interface including the first set of columns optionally includes generating ( 710 ) representations of a plurality of content items including a plurality of on-demand content items (e.g., content items stored locally at the electronic device or other local storage, or content items stored remotely at a server) and a plurality of live content items (e.g., content items live streaming over the internet, live broadcast content items, or other live content items). Two or more of the representations of on-demand content items optionally include static images (e.g., a movie poster, production art, a screenshot, or other placeholder image) corresponding to the on-demand content, and two or more of the representations of live content items optionally include live video corresponding to the live content. In some embodiments, the live video optionally includes ( 712 ) live video of a live sporting event, and the static images optionally represent one or more of completed sporting events, upcoming sporting events, and highlight reels. For example,  FIG.  6 NN  illustrates a sports user interface including live video  6048 - 1  of a live sporting event, and static images (such as menu items  6048 - 2  and  6048 - 3 ) representing upcoming sporting events. 
     In some embodiments, it is optionally determined ( 778 ) whether a first content item of the plurality of content items is an on-demand content item or a live content item. In accordance with a determination that the first content item is an on-demand content item, a static image corresponding to the on-demand content item is optionally obtained ( 780 ). In accordance with a determination that the first content item is a live content item, a live video corresponding to the live content item is optionally obtained ( 784 ). In some embodiments, obtaining the static image optionally includes capturing the static image from video corresponding to the on-demand content item. For example,  FIG.  6 A  illustrates live content items  6004 - 1 ,  6004 - 2 ,  6004 - 3 , and  6004 - 4 , and on-demand content items  6006 - 1 ,  6006 - 2 ,  6006 - 3 ,  6006 - 4 , and  6006 - 5 . The static image for  6006 - 4  is optionally obtained by capturing the image from the corresponding “WALL-E” video content. 
     In some embodiments, the first set of columns optionally includes ( 714 ) a first recent content column and a second recent content column. Each of the first and second recent content columns optionally includes content corresponding to a different category of recent content (e.g., a recent TV column, a recent movies column, a recent songs column, etc.). In some embodiments, the first recent content column only includes ( 716 ) content that has been viewed past a predetermined threshold (e.g., only content that has been viewed for at least 8 minutes, only content that has been viewed at least 10% of its running time, etc.; and the threshold may be different for different content categories, for example, television may have a 2 minute threshold, movies may have a 10 minutes threshold, and songs may have a 30 second threshold, etc.). For example,  FIG.  6 EE  illustrates a recent content column user interface with recent content columns  6034 - 2 ,  6034 - 3 ,  6034 - 4 , and  6034 - 5 , each corresponding to recent music, recent TV, recent movies, and recent sports, respectively. 
     In some embodiments, the first column of the first set of columns is optionally ( 786 ) a first type of column (e.g., a column with only a single menu item in each row of the column) and a second column of the first set of columns is optionally a second type of column (e.g., a column with multiple menu items in one or more rows of the columns). While the first column is selected, a first navigation input (e.g., a swipe left or a swipe right) is optionally received ( 788 ). In response to receiving the first navigation input, a different column of the first set of columns is optionally selected ( 790 ) (e.g., a column immediately to the left or the right of the first column). While the second column is selected, a second navigation input (e.g., a swipe left or a swipe right) is optionally received ( 792 ). In response to receiving the second navigation input, selection of the second column is optionally maintained ( 794 ) and multiple menu items in a row of the second column are optionally navigated among. For example,  FIGS.  6 F- 6 I  illustrate column  6002 - 2  being a column with only a single menu item in each row (e.g., menu item  6006 - 2 ), and column  6002 - 3  being a column with two items in each row (e.g., menu items  6016 - 1  and  6016 - 2 ). A first navigation input moves the selection from column  6002 - 2  in  FIG.  6 F  to column  6002 - 3  in  FIG.  6 G . However, a second navigation input moves the selection within column  6002 - 3  from menu item  6016 - 1  in  FIG.  6 G  to menu item  6016 - 2  in  FIG.  6 H , and selection of column  6002 - 3  is maintained. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS.  1 A and  3   ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, providing operation  702 , receiving operation  718 , and providing operation  722  are, optionally implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  900 ,  1100 ,  1300  and  1500 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  700  described above with respect to  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E . For example, the user interfaces, columns, menu items, content items, and display devices described above with reference to method  700  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, columns menu items, content items, and display devices described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  900 ,  1100 ,  1300  and  1500 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     Translucent Menu 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that overlay some other visual content. The sudden display of a new graphical user interface can be jarring to a smooth user experience. The embodiments described below provide a smooth transition to a graphical user interface by first displaying a translucent graphical user interface over visual content, and then decreasing the degree of translucency as the user continues to interact with the interface. 
       FIGS.  8 A- 8 D  illustrate exemplary translucent user interfaces in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate processes described below, including the processes described below with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C . 
       FIGS.  8 A- 8 B  illustrate an example of a translucent user interface. A user interface is displayed on display  514  of a device (e.g., device  500 ) and is responsive to user input, such as on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or remote  510 . The user interface in  FIGS.  8 A- 8 B  includes columns  8002 - 1  and  8002 - 2  overlaid in the user interface over visual content  8006  in the background (e.g., playing video content, paused video content, a still image, etc.). At least one portion of the user interface is translucent with a first degree of translucency such that an indication of the background visual content  8006  is visible through the translucent portion. For example, the non-text and non-image portions of column  8002 - 2  are optionally translucent with a first degree of translucency.  FIGS.  8 A and  8 B  illustrate navigation from column  8002 - 1  to column  8002 - 2 . Based on the navigation to the right, the first degree of translucency may decrease from the first degree of translucency to a second degree of translucency, such that the indication of the background visual content  8006  is less visible through the translucent portion. In some embodiments, based on navigation in the opposite direction (e.g., from column  8002 - 2  back to column  8002 - 1 ), the degree of translucency of the translucent portion optionally increases from the second degree back to the first degree. In some embodiments, any further interaction, in any direction, optionally causes the translucency to continue decreasing until the user interface is opaque with respect to the background visual content  8006 . 
       FIGS.  8 C- 8 D  illustrate another example of a translucent user interface. The user interface is overlaid over visual content  8006  in the background of the user interface. At least one portion of the user interface is translucent with a first degree of translucency such that an indication of the background visual content  8006  is visible through the translucent portion. The user interface includes checkbox  8004 , and  FIGS.  8 C and  8 D  illustrate the checkbox changing state from unchecked to checked, optionally in response to selection of the checkbox. Checking the checkbox optionally causes the translucent portion of the user interface to decrease its translucency from the first degree of translucency to a second degree of translucency. 
       FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of providing a user interface with translucent portions in accordance with some embodiments. The method is optionally performed at an electronic device as described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A-B  and  2 - 5  (e.g., electronic device  100 ,  300 , or  500 , etc.). Some operations in method  900  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  900  provides ways in which a device can display a user interface with translucent portions. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device by providing a smooth and intuitive user interface for selecting content items, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interfaces conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a display device) with one or more processors and memory, while a user interface that includes visual content (e.g., video, still image, animation, etc.) is displayed on a display, receives ( 902 ) a request to display a menu for controlling the visual content that is displayed in the user interface. 
     In some embodiments, in response to receiving the request to display the menu, the electronic device provides ( 904 ), for display on the display device, an updated user interface that includes the menu, where the menu includes at least one translucent portion with a first degree (or amount) of translucency (in some examples, the whole menu is translucent), so that an indication of the visual content in the user interface can be seen through the translucent portion of the menu in accordance with the first degree of translucency. In some embodiments, the menu optionally includes ( 906 ) a first set of columns, two or more columns in the first set of columns each including two or more menu items (e.g., text, images, and/or video content, some or all of which may optionally include links to content, applications, and/or other user interfaces). For example,  FIG.  8 A  illustrates a user interface including columns  8002 - 1  and  8002 - 2 , and at least a portion of the columns are optionally translucent such that visual content  8006  can be seen through the translucent portion. 
     In some embodiments, while the menu with the translucent portion is displayed on the display device, the electronic device receives ( 908 ) a request to perform an operation in the menu (e.g., a menu navigation operation such as switching from displaying one column to displaying another column or advancing from a first menu item to a second menu item). In some embodiments, the menu operation is optionally ( 910 ) a navigation operation that corresponds to a request to move the menu in a respective direction. 
     In some embodiments, in response ( 912 ) to receiving the request to perform the operation in the menu, the electronic device performs ( 914 ) the operation in the menu. For example,  FIGS.  8 A and  8 B  illustrate a navigation operation from column  8002 - 1  to column  8002 - 2 . 
     In some embodiments, performing the operation in the menu optionally includes ( 916 ) changing a state of an item in the menu (e.g., selecting a menu item, activating a checkbox, or manipulating a slider, among other possibilities). Thus, in some embodiments, performing the operation in the menu includes performing an operation other than merely navigating through the menu (e.g., by scrolling through items in the menu). For example,  FIGS.  8 C and  8 D  illustrate checking a checkbox  8004  in column  8002 - 1 . 
     Further in response ( 912 ) to receiving the request to perform the operation in the menu, the electronic device changes ( 918 ) the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu from the first degree of translucency to a second degree of translucency that is different from the first degree of translucency (e.g., once the user has indicated an intention to interact with the menu, the visual properties of the menu are changed so as to make the menu more legible). For example, in  FIGS.  8 B and  8 D , the translucency of a portion of the interface may different from the translucency in  FIGS.  8 A and  8 C , respectively, such that the background visual content  8006  is less visible in  FIGS.  8 B and  8 D  than in  FIGS.  8 A and  8 C . 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the respective direction is a first direction, the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu is optionally increased ( 920 ). For example,  FIG.  8 A to  8 B  illustrates navigation to the right and translucency of the translucent portion decreasing, such that the background visual content  8006  is less visible in  FIG.  8 B  than in  FIG.  8 A . In accordance with a determination that the respective direction is a second direction that is different from (e.g., opposite to) the first direction, the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu is optionally decreased ( 922 ). For example,  FIG.  8 B to  8 A  illustrates navigation to the left and translucency of the translucent portion increasing, such that background visual content  8006  is more visible in  FIG.  8 A  than in  FIG.  8 B . 
     In some embodiments, while the menu with the translucent portion is displayed on the display device, a request is optionally received ( 924 ) to perform a navigation operation in a second direction (e.g., a direction opposite the first direction). In response to receiving the request to perform the navigation operation in the second direction, the navigation operation is optionally performed ( 926 ) in the second direction, and the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu is optionally reduced ( 928 ). 
     In some embodiments, while the menu with the translucent portion is displayed on the display device, a request is optionally received ( 930 ) to dismiss the menu. In response to receiving the request to dismiss the menu, the user interface including the visual content and not including the menu is optionally provided ( 932 ) for display on the display device. In some embodiments, the visual content optionally includes ( 934 ) video content. The video content is optionally paused ( 936 ) in response to receiving the request to display the menu, and the video content is optionally resumed ( 938 ) in response to receiving the request to dismiss the menu. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS.  1 A and  3   ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, receiving operation  902 , providing operation  904 , receiving operation  908 , performing operation  914 , and changing operation  918  are, optionally implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  1100 ,  1300  and  1500 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  900  described above with respect to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C . For example, the user interfaces, columns, menu items, content items, and display devices described above with reference to method  900  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, columns menu items, content items, and display devices described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  1100 ,  1300  and  1500 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     Gradual User Interface 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that overlay some other visual content. The sudden display of a new graphical user interface can be jarring to a smooth user experience. The embodiments described below provide a smooth transition to a graphical user interface by presenting a first column after a column display condition (e.g., detecting presence of a user, detecting motion proximate the electronic device, or detecting a face of a user using an optical sensor, among other possibilities) has been met, and then gradually presenting additional columns of a column user interface after input is received (e.g., a swipe, a tap, or other input to expose one or more additional columns, among other possibilities). 
       FIGS.  10 A- 10 F  illustrate the gradual display of a column user interface over content (e.g., passive content) in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate processes described below, including the processes described below with reference to  FIGS.  11 A- 11 B . 
       FIG.  10 A  illustrates display of passive content including time, date, and weather information  10002 . Other passive content optionally includes a splash image, a screen saver, a background image, etc. In some embodiments, the column user interface is optionally gradually displayed over active content, such as video content. 
       FIGS.  10 B- 10 D  illustrate an animation of a first column  10004 - 1  emerging from a right edge of display  514 . In some embodiments, a first column  10004 - 1  optionally appears in response to a column display condition (e.g., detecting presence of a user, detecting motion proximate the electronic device, or detecting a face of a user using an optical sensor, among other possibilities). The first column  10004 - 1  optionally gradually emerges in an animation until it is fully onscreen, as illustrated in  FIG.  10 C . In some embodiments, the first column  10004 - 1  gradually emerges in an animation until it is fully onscreen and a portion of a second column  10004 - 2  is optionally also visible, as illustrated in  FIG.  10 D . 
       FIGS.  10 D- 10 F  illustrate an animation of a plurality of columns  10004 - 1 ,  10004 - 2 ,  10004 - 3 ,  10004 - 4 , and  10004 - 5  gradually emerging until the plurality of columns are all visible on the display  514 . In this example, the plurality of columns occupies a portion of the display from the left edge of the display to the right edge of the display. The animation is optionally displayed in response to receipt of input (e.g., a swipe, a tap, or other input to expose one or more additional columns, among other possibilities). 
       FIGS.  11 A- 11 B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of providing a user interface that gradually appears over visual content in accordance with some embodiments. The method is optionally performed at an electronic device as described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A-B  and  2 - 5  (e.g., electronic device  100 ,  300 , or  500 , etc.). Some operations in method  1100  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1100  provides ways in which a device can display a user interface gradually over visual content. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device by providing a smooth and intuitive user interface for selecting content items, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interfaces conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a display device) with one or more processors and memory detects ( 1102 ) that a column display condition (e.g., detecting presence of a user, detecting motion proximate the electronic device, or detecting a face of a user using an optical sensor, among other possibilities) has been met. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting that the column display condition has been met, the electronic device provides ( 1114 ) a user interface for presentation on a display (e.g., a separate display device or an integrated display that is part of the electronic device). The user interface optionally includes at least a portion of a first column proximate to (e.g., at or near) a first edge (e.g., the rightmost edge) of the display. For example,  FIG.  10 B  illustrates a portion of column  10004 - 1  overlaying the visual content  10002 . 
     In some embodiments, input is optionally received ( 1122 ) (e.g., a swipe, a tap, or other input to expose one or more additional columns, among other possibilities). In some embodiments, in response to the input, the electronic device provides ( 1128 ) for display an animation including the first column moving away from the first edge of the display to a location on the display that is proximate to (e.g., at or near) a second edge (e.g., the leftmost edge) of the display, the second edge being opposite the first edge. The animation further includes a second column gradually appearing from the first edge of the display, such that a plurality of columns including the first and second columns fills the display from the first edge to the second edge (e.g., the plurality of columns fills the user interface from the rightmost edge of the display to the leftmost edge of the display, although portions of the user interface above and/or below the plurality of columns may not be filled by the columns and, in some circumstances, there are margins between one or more of the columns and the edge of the display). In some embodiments, the plurality of columns is optionally included ( 1132 ) in a first set of columns, two or more columns in the first set of columns each including two or more menu items (e.g., text, images, and/or video content, some or all of which may optionally include links to content, applications, and/or other user interfaces). 
     For example,  FIGS.  10 C- 10 F  illustrate an animation including the first column  10004 - 1  moving away from the right edge of the display  514  to a location that is proximate to the left edge of the display, and a second column  10004 - 2  gradually appearing from the right edge of the display, such that a plurality of columns fills the display from the right edge to the left edge. 
     In some embodiments, detecting that the column display condition has been met optionally does not include ( 1104 ) receiving directional input, and receiving the input optionally includes ( 1124 ) receiving directional input in a first direction (e.g., a swipe, a tap, or other input in a direction such as left, right, up, or down). In some embodiments, the directional input optionally includes ( 1126 ) a magnitude (e.g., an amount of movement of a contact or a velocity of movement of a contact). The animation optionally further includes ( 1130 ) moving the second column in accordance with the magnitude of the directional input (e.g., direct manipulation of the second column, such as a swipe left corresponding to movement of a contact causes the second column to move to the left by an amount that corresponds to a distance moved by the contact during the swipe left gesture or a velocity of the contact during the swipe left gesture, etc.). 
     In some embodiments, video content is optionally displayed ( 1112 ) on the display when the column display condition is met, the user interface optionally includes ( 1116 ) an overlay on the video content, and the first column optionally includes ( 1120 ) content (e.g., menu items of the first column) selected based on the video content being displayed (e.g., if the video content is a particular movie, the selected content included in the first column may be information related to the particular movie; if the video content is a particular television show, the selected content included in the first column may be additional episodes of the particular television show; etc.). 
     In some embodiments, video content is optionally displayed ( 1112 ) on the display when the column display condition is met, the user interface optionally includes ( 1120 ) an overlay on the video content, and detecting the column display condition optionally includes ( 1108 ) detecting selection of a menu button (e.g., on a touch sensitive device, on a remote control, and/or on a mobile device). 
     In some embodiments, passive content (e.g., splash image, screen saver, background image, etc.) is optionally displayed ( 1110 ) on the display when the column display condition is met, the user interface optionally includes ( 1118 ) an overlay on the passive content, and detecting the column display condition optionally includes ( 1106 ) detecting user presence proximate to the display (e.g., detecting motion proximate the electronic device, detecting a face of a user using an optical sensor, or detecting presence of a mobile device). For example,  FIGS.  10 A- 10 F  illustrate displaying passive content  10002  when the column display condition is met, and the first column  10004 - 1  is subsequently displayed. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS.  1 A and  3   ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  11 A- 11 B  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, detecting operation  1102 , providing operation  1114 , receiving operation  1122 , and providing operation  1128  are, optionally implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  11 A- 11 B  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1300  and  1500 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1100  described above with respect to  FIGS.  11 A- 11 B . For example, the user interfaces, columns, menu items, content items, and display devices described above with reference to method  1100  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, columns menu items, content items, and display devices described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1300  and  1500 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     Smart Episode User Interface 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that provide access to episodes of various content series. It can be difficult for a user to keep track of which episodes have already been watched. Further, for an unwatched content series, it can be more intuitive to present either the first episode of the series or the most recent episode of the series, depending on the release status of the content series. The embodiments described below provide a more intuitive user interface by intelligently presenting contextual information for a content series based on the release status of the content series. 
       FIGS.  12 A- 12 E  illustrate exemplary user interfaces including intelligent presentation of contextual information for a content series in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes described below with reference to  FIGS.  13 A- 13 C . 
       FIG.  12 A  illustrates an example content series user interface. The content series user interface is displayed on display  514  of a device (e.g., device  500 ) and is responsive to user input, such as on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or remote  510 . The content series user interface includes an affordance  12002  with information regarding the most recently released episode of the content series, selectable to view the most recently released episode of the content series. In some embodiments, the information regarding the most recently released episode of the content series is optionally displayed based on a determination that the content series is currently releasing and the most recently released episode is not marked as watched. 
       FIG.  12 B  illustrates an example content series user interface displaying information  12004  regarding a future release date and/or time of a next releasing episode. In some embodiments, information  12004  is optionally selectable to add the next releasing episode to a watch list. In some embodiments, the information  12004  regarding a future release date and/or time of a next releasing episode is optionally displayed based on a determination that the content series is currently releasing and the most recently released episode is marked as watched. 
       FIG.  12 C  illustrates an example content series user interface including an affordance  12006  with information regarding a first episode of the content series, selectable to view the first episode of the content series. In some embodiments, the information regarding the first episode of the content series is optionally displayed based on a determination that the content series is cancelled. 
       FIG.  12 D  illustrates an example content series user interface including an affordance  12008  with information regarding an earliest unwatched episode, selectable to view the earliest unwatched episode of the content series. In some embodiments, the information regarding the earliest unwatched episode is optionally displayed based on a determination that one or more other episodes of the content series are marked as watched. 
       FIG.  12 E  illustrates an example content series user interface including an affordance  12010  with information regarding an episode currently airing live on a channel, selectable to change to the channel on which the episode is currently airing live. In some embodiments, the information regarding the episode currently airing live on a channel is optionally displayed based on a determination that the content series is currently releasing and an episode of the content series is currently airing live on the channel. 
       FIGS.  13 A- 13 C  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of intelligent presentation of contextual information for a content series in accordance with some embodiments. The method is optionally performed at an electronic device as described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A-B  and  2 - 5  (e.g., electronic device  100 ,  300 , or  500 , etc.). Some operations in method  1300  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1300  provides ways in which a device can display a user interface including intelligent presentation of contextual information for a content series. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device by providing intuitive user interface for selecting content items, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interfaces conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a display device) with one or more processors and memory receives ( 1302 ) a request for information about a content series (e.g., a television series, a miniseries, a set of webisodes, among other possibilities) that has a release status (e.g., whether the series is still in production, whether the series has been canceled, whether there are remaining episodes that have yet to be released, among other possibilities). 
     In some embodiments, in response to receiving the request, the electronic device provides ( 1304 ) a user interface for display on a display (e.g., a television or other display device) that includes information about the content series, including respective contextual information that is based on the release status of the content series. In some embodiments, the user interface optionally includes ( 1312 ) a plurality of columns, two or more of the plurality of columns including two or more menu items (e.g., text, images, and/or video content, some or all of which may optionally include links to content, applications, and/or other user interfaces). A first column of the plurality of columns optionally includes the respective contextual information that is based on the release status of the content series (e.g., the column is a column dedicated to the content series, such as a “Game of Thrones” column; and/or the column is a column dedicated to a content provider of the content series, such as an HBO column with a menu item for “Game of Thrones”, etc.). For example,  FIGS.  12 A- 12 E  illustrate a plurality of columns regarding the content series “Mad Men”, and each figure illustrates different possible contextual information  12002 - 12010 . 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the release status is a first release status ( 1306 ), the respective contextual information is first contextual information provided based on recent release-status activity (e.g., current or upcoming episodes) for the content series. 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the release status is a second release status ( 1308 ), different from the first release status, the respective contextual information is second contextual information (different from the first contextual information) provided without reference to recent release-status activity (e.g., current or upcoming episodes) for the content series. 
     In some embodiments, the first contextual information optionally includes ( 1314 ) an affordance that, when selected, causes an episode of the content series to be provided for display on the display (in some embodiments, the device receives a selection of the affordance; and in response to receiving the selection of the affordance, presenting for display an episode of the content series). In some embodiments, the second contextual information optionally includes ( 1322 ) information indicating when a next episode of the content series will be available for presentation without including an affordance that, when selected, causes an episode of the content series to be presented for display. For example,  FIG.  12 B  illustrates information  12004  indicating when a next episode of “Mad Men” will be available for presentation, without including an affordance that, when selected, causes an episode of “Mad Men” to be presented for display. 
     In some embodiments, the release status is optionally cancelled ( 1310 ) and the respective contextual information optionally includes a first episode of the content series (or a last unwatched episode of the content series). For example,  FIG.  12 C  illustrates information  12006  including a first episode of “Mad Men”. 
     In some embodiments, the first release status is optionally currently releasing ( 1316 ) (e.g., the content series is currently on the air and/or new episodes are being released) and a most recently released episode is marked as watched. Providing the first contextual information based on recent release-status activity optionally includes providing, for display, a date of a next releasing episode (e.g., the air date of an upcoming episode in the content series). For example,  FIG.  12 B  illustrates information  12004  including a date of a next releasing episode of “Mad Men”. 
     In some embodiments, the first release status is optionally currently releasing ( 1318 ) (e.g., the content series is currently on the air and/or new episodes are being released) and a most recently released episode is not marked as watched. Providing the first contextual information based on recent release-status activity optionally includes providing an affordance for presenting a most recently released episode of the content series. In some embodiments, a selection of the affordance is optionally received ( 1324 ), and in response ( 1326 ) to receiving the selection of the affordance, the most recently released episode of the content series is optionally provided for display ( 1328 ). For example,  FIG.  12 A  illustrates an affordance  12002  for presenting a most recently released episode of “Mad Men”. 
     In some embodiments, the first release status is optionally currently releasing ( 1320 ) (e.g., the content series is currently on the air and/or new episodes are being released) and an episode of the content series is currently airing live on a respective channel. Providing the first contextual information based on recent release-status activity optionally includes providing an affordance for providing for display the respective channel on which the episode is currently airing live. In some embodiments, a selection of the affordance is optionally received ( 1324 ), and in response ( 1326 ) to receiving the selection of the affordance, the respective channel on which the episode is currently airing live is optionally provided for display ( 1330 ). For example,  FIG.  12 E  illustrates an affordance  12010  for providing for display a respective channel on which an episode of “Mad Men” is currently airing live. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS.  1 A and  3   ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  13 A- 13 C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, receiving operation  1302 , providing operation  1304 , and receiving operation  1324  are, optionally implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  13 A- 13 C  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100  and  1500 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1300  described above with respect to  FIGS.  13 A- 13 C . For example, the user interfaces, columns, menu items, content items, and display devices described above with reference to method  1300  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, columns menu items, content items, and display devices described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100  and  1500 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     Watch List with Content and Non-Content Items 
     Many electronic devices have graphical user interfaces that allow a user to directly add content items to a watch list for later viewing. It can be difficult for a user to keep track of potentially interesting content items as they are released. The embodiments described below provide a user interface for quickly adding both content and non-content items (e.g., actors, search terms, genres, sports leagues/players, etc.) to a watch list, so that content items related to the non-content items can be automatically populated to the watch list. 
       FIGS.  14 A- 14 H  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for adding both content and non-content items to a watch list in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes described below with reference to  FIGS.  15 A- 15 B . 
       FIG.  14 A  illustrates an exemplary content series user interface. The content series user interface is displayed on a display  514  of a device (e.g., device  500 ) and is responsive to user input, such as on touch-sensitive surface  451  and/or remote  510 . The content series user interface includes affordances  14002  and  14004 , each selectable for adding the content series to a watch list and an individual episode of the content series to the watch list, respectively. Further, in  FIG.  14 A  each affordance is displayed proximate to information regarding the item to be added to the watch list: affordance  14002  is proximate to general information about the content series, and affordance  14004  is in a column regarding the individual episode of the content series. Adding the individual episode to the watch list causes a menu item and/or column corresponding to the individual episode to be displayed in the watch list user interface (e.g., as illustrated in  FIG.  14 H ). Adding the content series to the watch list causes a menu item and/or column corresponding to the content series and/or some/all of the individual episodes of the content series to be displayed in the watch list user interface. In some embodiments, episodes of the content series released after the content series is added to the watch list will optionally be automatically added to the watch list as they are released. 
       FIGS.  14 B-C  illustrate an exemplary movie user interface and an exemplary actor user interface. The movie user interface includes affordance  14006  selectable for adding the movie to the watch list. Affordance  14006  is displayed proximate to information regarding the movie to be added to the watch list. Adding the movie to the watch list causes a menu item and/or column corresponding to the movie to be displayed in the watch list user interface. The movie user interface further includes menu item  14008  corresponding to an actor in the cast of the movie, selectable to cause an actor user interface to be displayed, as illustrated in  FIG.  14 C . The actor user interface includes affordance  14010  selectable for adding the actor to the watch list. In some embodiments, affordances  14006  and  14010  optionally are substantially identical, with some variations in font size, spacing, placement, etc., but each includes the words “Add to Watch List.” Affordance  14010  is displayed proximate to information regarding the actor to be added to the watch list. Adding the actor to the watch list causes menu items and/or columns each corresponding to one or more content items in which the actor appears to be displayed in the watch list user interface. In some embodiments, content items including the actor that are released after the actor is added to the watch list will optionally be automatically added to the watch list as they are released. 
       FIG.  14 D  illustrates an exemplary search user interface. The search user interface includes affordance  14012  selectable for adding a search term to the watch list. Affordance  14012  is displayed proximate to search results for the search term “superheroes” to be added to the watch list. Adding the search term to the watch list causes menu items and/or columns each corresponding to one or more search results of the search term to be displayed in the watch list user interface. In some embodiments, search results that are released after the search term is added to the watch list will optionally be automatically added to the watch list as they are released. 
       FIG.  14 E  illustrates an exemplary genre user interface. The genre user interface includes an affordance  14014  selectable for adding the genre to the watch list. Affordance  14014  is displayed proximate to the name of the genre “Romantic Comedy” to be added to the watch list. Adding the genre to the watch list causes menu items and/or columns each corresponding to one or more content items in the genre to be displayed in the watch list user interface. In some embodiments, content items in the genre that are released after the genre is added to the watch list will optionally be automatically added to the watch list as they are released. 
       FIG.  14 F  illustrates an exemplary sports player user interface. The sports player user interface includes an affordance  14016  selectable for adding the sports player to the watch list. Affordance  14016  is displayed proximate to information regarding the sports player to be added to the watch list. Adding the sports player to the watch list causes menu items and/or columns each corresponding to one or more games and other content items involving the sports player to be displayed in the watch list user interface. In some embodiments, content items involving the sports player that are released after the sports player is added to the watch list will optionally be automatically added to the watch list as they are released. 
       FIG.  14 G  illustrates an exemplary sports league user interface. The sports league user interface includes an affordance  14018  selectable for adding the sports league to the watch list. Affordance  14018  is displayed proximate to information regarding the sports league to be added to the watch list. Adding the sports league to the watch list causes menu items and/or columns each corresponding to one or more games and other content items related to the sports league to be displayed in the watch list user interface. In some embodiments, content items related to the sports league that are released after the sports league is added to the watch list will optionally be automatically added to the watch list as they are released. 
       FIG.  14 H  illustrates an exemplary watch list user interface. The watch list user interface includes columns  14020 - 1 ,  14020 - 2 ,  14020 - 3 ,  14020 - 4 , and  14020 - 5 , each corresponding to a content item or content series added based on a content item or non-content item added to the watch list. In some embodiments, information regarding why a content item is in the watch list is optionally displayed proximate to information regarding the content item. For example, in column  14020 - 1 , “The Dark Knight” appears in the watch list because the actor Christian Bale, who is in the cast of “The Dark Knight,” was added to the watch list. In column  14020 - 2 , the series “Mad Men” appears in the watch list because the series was added to the watch list. In column  14020 - 3 , “27 Dresses” appears in the watch list because the genre “Romantic Comedy” was added to the watch list. In column  14020 - 4 , the basketball game “Clippers vs. Magic” appears in the watch list because the player Blake Griffin (who plays for the Clippers) was added to the watch list. In column  14020 - 5 , “The Amazing Spider-Man” appears in the watch list because the search term “superheroes” was added to the watch list. 
       FIGS.  15 A- 15 B  are flow diagrams illustrating a method of user interfaces for adding both content and non-content items to a watch list in accordance with some embodiments. The method is optionally performed at an electronic device as described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 5   , including a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a remote control and a display device. Some operations in method  1500  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, the method  1500  provides ways in which a device can display user interfaces for adding both content and non-content items to a watch list. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a user when interacting with a user interface on the device by providing intuitive user interface for selecting content items, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, increasing the efficiency of the user&#39;s interaction with the user interfaces conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     In some embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., a set top box or other user interface generating device that is in communication with a display device) with one or more processors and memory provides ( 1504 ) for display a first affordance (e.g., a button, checkbox, or other selectable user interface object) in association with a first content item (e.g., a movie, an episode, a song, a video clip, etc.) and a second affordance in association with a non-content item (e.g., an actor, a genre, a search term, etc.). For example,  FIGS.  14 A- 14 F  illustrate affordances  14002 ,  14004 , and  14006  in association with content items (a content series, an episode, and a movie, respectively), and affordances  14010 ,  14012 ,  14014 ,  14016 , and  14018  (an actor, a search term, a genre, a sports player, and a sports league, respectively). 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device receives ( 1522 ) an input (e.g., a tap gesture on a touch-sensitive surface) selecting the first affordance and an input selecting the second affordance (e.g., input to add the first content item and the non-content item to a watch list). For example, input can be received selecting any of affordances  14002 ,  14004 ,  14006 ,  14010 ,  14012 ,  14014 ,  14016 , and  14018  in  FIGS.  14 A- 14 F . 
     In some embodiments, the electronic device provides ( 1528 ) for display a list of content items (e.g., a watch list displayed as a plurality of columns, or as a plurality of menu items in a menu), the list including the first content item and one or more additional content items associated with the non-content item (e.g., movies starring the actor if the non-content item is an actor, movies from the genre if the non-content item is a genre, or results of the search if the non-content item is a search, etc.). For example,  FIG.  14 G  illustrates a watch list of content items including items associated with various non-content items (e.g., “The Dark Knight” is associated with an actor, Christian Bale, “27 Dresses” is associated with a genre, “Romantic Comedy,” etc.). 
     In some embodiments, the first affordance and the second affordance are optionally identical ( 1506 ) (e.g., the first and second affordances are buttons including the text “Add to Watch List”). In some embodiments, the first affordance and the second affordance are substantially identical (e.g., both affordances are buttons that include the text “Add to Watch List” so that it is clear to the user that both buttons add content associated with a currently displayed content or non-content item to the user&#39;s watch list, even if there are different shape, color, or font used in the buttons). For example,  FIGS.  14 A- 14 F  illustrate affordances  14006 ,  14010 ,  14016 , and  14018  as being substantially identical. Including substantially identical affordances in different portions of the user interface provide feedback to users indicating that selection of the affordances will add content associated with the affordance to the user&#39;s watchlist, even if the affordance is displayed near different types of content (e.g., actors, athletes, movies, genres, etc.) 
     In some embodiments, a list of search results based on a search term is optionally provided for display ( 1502 ). The second affordance is optionally provided ( 1508 ) proximate to (e.g., in association with) the list of search results (and the second affordance is generated for display proximate to the list of search results; e.g., the affordance includes the text “Add Search to Watch List”). In some embodiments, providing the list of content items optionally includes ( 1530 ) searching based on the search term to obtain an additional list of search results (and at least one of the additional search results is included in the list of content items). For example,  FIG.  14 D  illustrates an affordance  14012  proximate to a list of search results. 
     In some embodiments, providing for display the first affordance in association with the first content optionally includes ( 1510 ) receiving a request to display information about the first content item on the display. In response to receiving the request to display the information about the first content item on the display, the information about the first content item is optionally displayed ( 1512 ), and the first affordance is optionally displayed adjacent to the information about the first content item. For example, in  FIG.  14 B , the affordance  14006  is displayed adjacent to information regarding “The Dark Knight”. 
     While displaying the first affordance adjacent to the information about the first content item, an input is optionally received ( 1524 ) that corresponds to activation of the first affordance (e.g., a selection command received while the “add to watch list” affordance is highlighted). Providing the second affordance for display in association with the non-content item optionally includes, while displaying the information about the first content item, receiving ( 1514 ) a request to display information about the non-content item on the display. In response to receiving the request to display the information about the non-content item on the display, display of the information about the first content item is optionally replaced ( 1516 ) with display of the information about the non-content item. The second affordance is optionally displayed adjacent to the information about the non-content item. For example, in  FIG.  14 B , a request to display information about Christian Bale may be received if a user selects affordance  14008 . Then, in  FIG.  14 C , an affordance  14010  is displayed adjacent to information about Christian Bale. 
     Receiving the input selecting the second affordance optionally includes, while displaying the second affordance adjacent to the information about the non-content item, receiving ( 1526 ) an input that corresponds to activation of the second affordance (e.g., a selection command received while the “add to watch list” affordance is highlighted). In some embodiments, one or more additional affordances are selected while navigating through a user interface that includes columns corresponding to a plurality of different content and non-content items (e.g., the user has the option of selecting from a plurality of different affordances that correspond to non-content items and a plurality of affordances that correspond to content items while navigating through a series of menus or user interfaces corresponding to the different content items and non-content items). For example, the plurality of affordances  14002 ,  14004 ,  14006 ,  14010 ,  14012 ,  14014 ,  14016 , and  14018  in  FIGS.  14 A- 14 F  are optionally selected while navigating through the various column user interfaces. 
     In some embodiments, a plurality of affordances are optionally provided ( 1518 ) that correspond to non-content items. The plurality of affordances optionally include an affordance corresponding to a respective non-content item (e.g., a sports player), and an affordance corresponding to a grouping of non-content items that includes the respective non-content item and one or more other non-content items (e.g., a team that includes the sports player or a league that includes a team). For example,  FIG.  14 G  illustrates an affordance  14018  corresponding to a sports league. 
     In some embodiments, a plurality of affordances are optionally provided ( 1520 ) that correspond to content items. The plurality of affordances optionally include an affordance corresponding to a respective content item (e.g., an episode of a TV show), and an affordance corresponding to a grouping of content items that includes the respective content item and one or more other content items (e.g., a TV show that includes the episode). For example,  FIG.  14 A  includes an affordance  14004  corresponding to an episode of “Mad Men” and an affordance  14002  corresponding to the content series “Mad Men” itself. 
     The operations in the information processing methods described above are, optionally, implemented by running one or more functional modules in an information processing apparatus such as general purpose processors (e.g., as described above with respect to  FIGS.  1 A and  3   ) or application specific chips. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  15 A- 15 B  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, providing operation  1502 , providing operation  1504 , providing operation  1518 , providing operation  1520 , receiving operation  1522 , and providing operation  1528  are, optionally implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  15 A- 15 B  have been described is merely exemplary and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100  and  1300 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  1500  described above with respect to  FIGS.  15 A- 15 B . For example, the user interfaces, columns, menu items, content items, and display devices described above with reference to method  1500  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the user interfaces, columns menu items, content items, and display devices described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  900 ,  1100  and  1300 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG.  16    shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1600  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG.  16    are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG.  16   , an electronic device  1600  optionally includes a display unit  1602  configured to display a user interface including one or more user interface objects (e.g., content items, headings, etc.); an input unit  1604  to receive user input, selections, etc. (e.g., touch-sensitive surface, keyboard, mouse, or other input unit); and a processing unit  1610  coupled to the display unit  1602  and the input unit  1604 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1610  optionally includes a display enabling unit  1612 , a receiving unit  1614 , a determining unit  1616 , and an obtaining unit  1618 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1610  is configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ), for display on a display device, a user interface including a first set of columns, two or more columns in the first set of columns each including two or more menu items. The processing unit  1610  is configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1614 ) a selection input. In response to receiving the selection input, in accordance with a determination that the selection input corresponds to selection of a first column, the processing unit  1610  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ), for display on the display device, a second set of columns, two or more of the columns in the second set of columns corresponding to different subsets of menu items that were displayed in the first column that was selected in response to the selection input. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1610  is further configured to, in response to the selection input, in accordance with a determination that the selection input corresponds to selection of a menu item from the first column, provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ), for display on the display device, a user interface associated with the menu item that was selected. 
     In some embodiments, the menu item corresponds to a content series that includes a plurality of episodes, and a respective episode of the plurality of episodes is in a watch list. The processing unit  1610  is further configured to generate (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) one or more links to ancillary content related to the respective episode, and the second set of columns includes the one or more links to ancillary content related to the respective episode. 
     In some embodiments, a first column in the second set of columns corresponds to a first menu item from the first column, and a second column in the second set of columns corresponds to a second menu item from the first column that is different from the first menu item from the first column. In some embodiments, a first column in the second set of columns corresponds to a first plurality of the menu items from the first column, and a second column in the second set of columns corresponds to a second plurality of the menu items from the first column that is different from the first plurality of menu items from the first column. 
     In some embodiments, the first set of columns are configured to move together when scrolled in a first direction and to move separately when scrolled in a second direction that is different from the first direction. In some embodiments, scrolling the first set of columns in the first direction includes determining (e.g., with the determining unit  1616 ) a selected column display position based on a position of a currently selected column with respect to a total number of the plurality of columns, and scrolling (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) the plurality of columns such that the currently selected column moves to the selected column display position on the display device. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1610  is further configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1614 ) second input to advance from the first column to a second column, and, in response to the second input, alter (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) a visual characteristic of one or both of the first column and the second column. In some embodiments, altering the visual characteristic includes increasing a visual emphasis (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) of the second column relative to a visual emphasis of the first column. In some embodiments, altering the visual characteristic includes displaying (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) additional information on the second column. In some embodiments, altering the visual characteristic includes increasing (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) a spatial property of the second column relative to a spatial property of the first column. 
     In some embodiments, the user interface has at least one background color, and the processing unit  1610  is further configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1614 ) second input to advance from a first menu item of the first column to a second menu item of the first column, obtain (e.g., with the obtaining unit  1618 ) a color associated with a logo of the second menu item, and alter (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) the background color of the user interface in accordance with the color associated with the logo of the second menu item. 
     In some embodiments, the first column includes first and second headings, and the processing unit  1610  is further configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1614 ) a scrolling input corresponding to the first column. In response to the scrolling input, the processing unit  1610  is further configured to scroll (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) the menu items of the first column, wherein the first heading remains stationary during the scrolling of the menu items of the first column, scroll (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) the first heading off an edge of the user interface, such that the first heading is no longer visible in the user interface after scrolling the first heading off the edge of the user interface, and replace (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) the first heading with the second heading, such that the second heading remains stationary during scrolling after replacing the first heading. 
     In some embodiments, the first set of columns is generated based on a partial search term, and the processing unit  1610  is further configured to generate (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) for display a search suggestions column in the first set of columns, the search suggestions column comprising a plurality of search suggestions, wherein a respective search suggestion of the plurality of search suggestions is highlighted, generate (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) for display a search results column in the first set of columns, the search suggestions column comprising a plurality of search results corresponding to the respective search suggestion, and receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1614 ) a selection of the respective search suggestion. In response to the selection of the respective search suggestion, the processing unit  1610  is further configured to generate (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) for display a plurality of search results columns, including two or more search results columns that each correspond to one search result of the plurality of search results. 
     In some embodiments, providing the user interface including the first set of columns includes generating (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) representations of a plurality of content items including a plurality of on-demand content items and a plurality of live content items, wherein two or more of the representations of on-demand content items include static images corresponding to the on-demand content and two or more of the representations of live content items include live video corresponding to the live content. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1610  is further configured to determine (e.g., with the determining unit  1616 ) whether a first content item of the plurality of content items is an on-demand content item or a live content item, in accordance with a determination that the first content item is an on-demand content item, obtain (e.g., with the obtaining unit  1618 ) a static image corresponding to the on-demand content item, and in accordance with a determination that the first content item is a live content item, obtain (e.g., with the obtaining unit  1618 ) a live video corresponding to the live content item. In some embodiments, obtaining the static image includes capturing (e.g., with the obtaining unit  1618 ) the static image from video corresponding to the on-demand content item. In some embodiments, the live video includes live video of a live sporting event, and the static images represent one or more of completed sporting events, upcoming sporting events, and highlight reels. 
     In some embodiments, the first set of columns includes a first recent content column and a second recent content column, and each of the first and second recent content columns includes content corresponding to a different category of recent content. In some embodiments, the first recent content column only includes content that has been viewed past a predetermined threshold. 
     In some embodiments, the first column of the first set of columns is a first type of column and a second column of the first set of columns is a second type of column, and the processing unit  1610  is further configured to, while the first column is selected, receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1614 ) a first navigation input. In response to receiving the first navigation input, the processing unit  1610  is further configured to select (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) a different column of the first set of columns, and, while the second column is selected, receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1614 ) a second navigation input. In response to receiving the second navigation input, the processing unit  1610  is further configured to maintain selection (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) of the second column and navigate (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1612 ) among multiple menu items in a row of the second column. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG.  17    shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1700  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG.  17    are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG.  17   , an electronic device  1700  optionally includes a display unit  1702  configured to display a user interface including one or more user interface objects (e.g., content items, headings, etc.); an input unit  1704  to receive user input, selections, etc. (e.g., touch-sensitive surface, keyboard, mouse, or other input unit); and a processing unit  1710  coupled to the display unit  1702  and the input unit  1704 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1710  optionally includes a display enabling unit  1712  and a receiving unit  1714 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1710  is configured to, while a user interface that includes visual content is displayed on a display, receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1714 ) a request to display a menu for controlling the visual content that is displayed in the user interface. In response to receiving the request to display the menu, the processing unit  1710  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ), for display on the display device, an updated user interface that includes the menu, and the menu includes at least one translucent portion with a first degree of translucency, so that an indication of the visual content in the user interface can be seen through the translucent portion of the menu in accordance with the first degree of translucency. While the menu with the translucent portion is displayed on the display device, the processing unit  1710  is further configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1714 ) a request to perform an operation in the menu. In response to receiving the request to perform the operation in the menu, the processing unit  1710  is further configured to perform (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) the operation in the menu and change (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu from the first degree of translucency to a second degree of translucency that is different from the first degree of translucency. 
     In some embodiments, the operation is a first navigation operation in a first direction, and changing the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu includes increasing (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) the translucency. While the menu with the translucent portion is displayed on the display device, the processing unit  1710  is further configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1714 ) a request to perform a navigation operation in a second direction. In response to receiving the request to perform the navigation operation in the second direction, the processing unit  1710  is further configured to perform (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) the navigation operation in the second direction and reduce (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu. 
     In some embodiments, the operation is a navigation operation that corresponds to a request to move the menu in a respective direction, and changing the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu includes: in accordance with a determination that the respective direction is a first direction, increasing (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu; and in accordance with a determination that the respective direction is a second direction that is different from the first direction, decreasing (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) the translucency of the translucent portion of the menu. 
     In some embodiments, performing the operation in the menu includes changing (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) a state of an item in the menu. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1710  is further configured to, while the menu with the translucent portion is displayed on the display device, receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1714 ) a request to dismiss the menu, and, in response to receiving the request to dismiss the menu, provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ), for display on the display device, the user interface including the visual content and not including the menu. 
     In some embodiments, the visual content includes video content, and the processing unit  1710  is further configured to pause the video content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) in response to receiving the request to display the menu, and resume the video content (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1712 ) in response to receiving the request to dismiss the menu. In some embodiments, the menu includes a first set of columns, two or more columns in the first set of columns each including two or more menu items. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG.  18    shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1800  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG.  18    are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG.  18   , an electronic device  1800  optionally includes a display unit  1802  configured to display a user interface including one or more user interface objects (e.g., content items, headings, etc.); an input unit  1804  to receive user input, selections, etc. (e.g., touch-sensitive surface, keyboard, mouse, or other input unit); and a processing unit  1810  coupled to the display unit  1802  and the input unit  1804 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1810  optionally includes a display enabling unit  1812 , a receiving unit  1814 , and a detecting unit  1816 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1810  is configured to detect (e.g., with the detecting unit  1816 ) that a column display condition has been met. In response to detecting that the column display condition has been met, the processing unit  1810  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1812 ) a user interface for presentation on a display, the user interface including at least a portion of a first column proximate to a first edge of the display. The processing unit  1810  is further configured to receive input (e.g., with the receiving unit  1814 ). In response to the input, the processing unit  1810  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1812 ) for display an animation including the first column moving away from the first edge of the display to a location on the display that is proximate to a second edge of the display, the second edge being opposite the first edge, and a second column gradually appearing from the first edge of the display, such that a plurality of columns including the first and second columns fills the display from the first edge to the second edge. 
     In some embodiments, detecting that the column display condition has been met does not include receiving directional input, and receiving the input includes receiving (e.g., with the receiving unit  1814 ) directional input in a first direction. In some embodiments, the directional input includes a magnitude, and the animation further includes moving (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1812 ) the second column in accordance with the magnitude of the directional input. In some embodiments, video content is displayed on the display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1812 ) when the column display condition is met, the user interface includes an overlay on the video content, and the first column includes content selected based on the video content being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, video content is displayed on the display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1812 ) when the column display condition is met, the user interface includes an overlay on the video content; and detecting the column display condition includes detecting (e.g., with the detecting unit  1816 ) selection of a menu button. In some embodiments, passive content is displayed on the display (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1812 ) when the column display condition is met, the user interface includes an overlay on the passive content, and detecting the column display condition includes detecting (e.g., with the detecting unit  1816 ) user presence proximate to the display. In some embodiments, the plurality of columns is included in a first set of columns, two or more columns in the first set of columns each including two or more menu items. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG.  19    shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  1900  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG.  19    are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG.  19   , an electronic device  1900  optionally includes a display unit  1902  configured to display a user interface including one or more user interface objects (e.g., content items, headings, etc.); an input unit  1904  to receive user input, selections, etc. (e.g., touch-sensitive surface, keyboard, mouse, or other input unit); and a processing unit  1910  coupled to the display unit  1902  and the input unit  1904 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  1910  optionally includes a display enabling unit  1912  and a receiving unit  1914 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  1910  is configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1914 ) a request for information about a content series that has a release status. In response to receiving the request, the processing unit  1910  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1912 ) a user interface for display on a display that includes information about the content series, including respective contextual information that is based on the release status of the content series. In accordance with a determination that the release status is a first release status, the respective contextual information is first contextual information provided based on recent release-status activity for the content series, and in accordance with a determination that the release status is a second release status, different from the first release status, the respective contextual information is second contextual information provided without reference to recent release-status activity for the content series. 
     In some embodiments, the first contextual information includes an affordance that, when selected, causes (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1912 ) an episode of the content series to be provided for display on the display, and the second contextual information includes information indicating when a next episode of the content series will be available for presentation without including an affordance that, when selected, causes (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1912 ) an episode of the content series to be presented for display. 
     In some embodiments, the release status is cancelled and the respective contextual information includes a first episode of the content series. In some embodiments, the first release status is currently releasing and a most recently released episode is marked as watched, and providing the first contextual information based on recent release-status activity includes providing, for display, (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1912 ) a date of a next releasing episode. 
     In some embodiments, the first release status is currently releasing and a most recently released episode is not marked as watched, providing the first contextual information based on recent release-status activity includes providing (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1912 ) an affordance for presenting a most recently released episode of the content series, and the processing unit  1910  is further configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1914 ) a selection of the affordance. In response to receiving the selection of the affordance, the processing unit  1910  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1912 ) for display the most recently released episode of the content series. 
     In some embodiments, the first release status is currently releasing and an episode of the content series is currently airing live on a respective channel, and providing the first contextual information based on recent release-status activity includes providing (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1912 ) an affordance for providing for display the respective channel on which the episode is currently airing live, and the processing unit  1910  is further configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  1914 ) a selection of the affordance. In response to receiving the selection of the affordance, the processing unit  1910  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  1912 ) for display the respective channel on which the episode is currently airing live. 
     In some embodiments, the user interface includes a plurality of columns, two or more of the plurality of columns including two or more menu items, wherein a first column of the plurality of columns includes the respective contextual information that is based on the release status of the content series. 
     In accordance with some embodiments,  FIG.  20    shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device  2000  configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in  FIG.  20    are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. 
     As shown in  FIG.  20   , an electronic device  2000  optionally includes a display unit  2002  configured to display a user interface including one or more user interface objects (e.g., content items, headings, etc.); an input unit  2004  to receive user input, selections, etc. (e.g., touch-sensitive surface, keyboard, mouse, or other input unit); and a processing unit  2010  coupled to the display unit  2002  and the input unit  2004 . In some embodiments, the processing unit  2010  optionally includes a display enabling unit  2012 , a receiving unit  2014 , and a searching unit  2016 . 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  2010  is configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2012 ) for display a first affordance in association with a first content item and a second affordance in association with a non-content item. The processing unit  2010  is further configured to receive (e.g., with the receiving unit  2014 ) an input selecting the first affordance and an input selecting the second affordance, and provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2012 ) for display a list of content items, the list including the first content item and one or more additional content items associated with the non-content item. In some embodiments, the first affordance and the second affordance are identical. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  2010  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2012 ) for display a list of search results based on a search term, wherein the second affordance is provided proximate to the list of search results. In some embodiments, providing the list of content items includes searching (e.g., with the searching unit  2016 ) based on the search term to obtain an additional list of search results. 
     In some embodiments, providing for display the first affordance in association with the first content includes receiving (e.g., with the receiving unit  2014 ) a request to display information about the first content item on the display and, in response to receiving the request to display the information about the first content item on the display, displaying (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2012 ) the information about the first content item and displaying the first affordance adjacent to the information about the first content item. Receiving the input selecting the first affordance includes, while displaying the first affordance adjacent to the information about the first content item, receiving (e.g., with the receiving unit  2014 ) an input that corresponds to activation of the first affordance. Providing for display the second affordance in association with the non-content item includes, while displaying the information about the first content item, receiving (e.g., with the receiving unit  2014 ) a request to display information about the non-content item on the display and, in response to receiving the request to display the information about the non-content item on the display, replacing (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2012 ) display of the information about the first content item with display of the information about the non-content item and displaying (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2012 ) the second affordance adjacent to the information about the non-content item. Receiving the input selecting the second affordance includes, while displaying the second affordance adjacent to the information about the non-content item, receiving (e.g., with the receiving unit  2014 ) an input that corresponds to activation of the second affordance. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  2010  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2012 ) a plurality of affordances that correspond to non-content items, the plurality of affordances including: an affordance corresponding to a respective non-content item, and an affordance corresponding to a grouping of non-content items that includes the respective non-content item and one or more other non-content items. 
     In some embodiments, the processing unit  2010  is further configured to provide (e.g., with the display enabling unit  2012 ) a plurality of affordances that correspond to content items, the plurality of affordances including: an affordance corresponding to a respective content item, and an affordance corresponding to a grouping of content items that includes the respective content item and one or more other content items. 
     The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best use the invention and various described embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20221003
Publication Date: 20240910
Grant Date: 20240910
Priority Date: 20140624
Inventors: VAN OS, MARCEL
HOWARD, JOE
MC GLINN, JOSHUA
LOCHHEAD, JONATHAN
KEIGHRAN, BENJAMIN W.
BACHMAN, WILLIAM M.
CHEN, ELBERT D.
ROBBIN, JEFFREY L
FOLSE, JENNIFER L. C.
KRESS, LYNNE
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0482", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F16/90328", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F16/90328", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0488", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04842", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0482", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F16/90328", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 53674281