PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10795451-B2
Application Number: US-201715651569-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Configurable force-sensitive input structure for electronic devices

Abstract:
A configurable, force-sensitive input structure for an electronic device is disclosed. The input structure has a metal contact layer, a sense layer positioned below the metal contact layer, and a drive layer capacitively coupled to the sense layer. The input structure may also have a compliant layer positioned between and coupled to the sense layer and the drive layer, a rigid base layer positioned below the drive layer, and a set of supports positioned between the metal contact layer and the rigid base layer.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An electronic device comprising:
 a casing defining an exterior surface of the electronic device, the exterior surface defining a virtual key region; 
 a light source positioned within the casing; 
 an input stack-up comprising a plurality of layers, positioned within the casing, and configured to detect:
 an input received at the virtual key region; and 
 a location of the input, at least one layer of the plurality of layers configured to deform in response to the input; 
 
 a transparent light guide layer distinct from and positioned above the input stack-up and below the casing, the transparent light guide layer configured to deform in response to the input and to direct light from the light source to illuminate the virtual key region and defining:
 a top surface parallel with the exterior surface of the electronic device; 
 a bottom surface parallel with the exterior surface of the electronic device; and 
 a side surface extending from the top surface to the bottom surface; and 
 
 a processor configured to generate a user input signal based on the input received at the virtual key region, the user input signal corresponding to an actuation of the virtual key region; 
 wherein the light source is configured to direct light into the side surface of the transparent light guide layer. 
 
     
     
       2. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the input stack-up comprises:
 a drive layer; and 
 a sense layer coupled to the casing below the exterior surface and configured to deform in response to the input. 
 
     
     
       3. The electronic device of  claim 2 , wherein the processor is configured to generate the user input signal when a capacitance between the drive layer and the sense layer reaches a threshold value. 
     
     
       4. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the virtual key region corresponds to a virtual key of a virtual keyboard; and 
 the light source is further configured to illuminate a virtual trackpad defined by the exterior surface of the casing and adjacent to the virtual keyboard. 
 
     
     
       5. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the casing is at least partially formed from an electrically non-conductive material; and 
 the light source is further configured to provide illumination for a graphical output along the exterior surface of the casing. 
 
     
     
       6. The electronic device of  claim 5 , wherein the graphical output is configured to change in response to the input received at the virtual key region. 
     
     
       7. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the virtual key region is a first virtual key region illuminated along a first portion of the casing; 
 the light source is configured to illuminate a second virtual key region along a second portion of the casing; and 
 the first portion and the second portion are at least partially overlapping areas of the exterior surface of the casing. 
 
     
     
       8. An electronic device comprising:
 a casing having a dimensionally-configurable input region along an exterior surface defining a first plane; 
 an input stack-up within an interior volume of the casing, the input stack-up configured to detect:
 an input force received within the dimensionally-configurable input region; and 
 a location of the input force; 
 
 the input stack-up comprising:
 a sense layer configured to deform in response to the input force; 
 a compliant layer positioned below the sense layer; and 
 a drive layer positioned below the compliant layer and opposite the sense layer; and 
 
 a transparent light guide layer distinct from and positioned above the input stack-up and below the casing, the transparent light guide layer configured to deform in response to the input force and to direct light from a light source, along a second plane that is parallel to the first plane, to the dimensionally-configurable input region; 
 
       wherein the input stack-up is configured to generate a signal responsive to a change in capacitance between the sense layer and the drive layer caused by the input force. 
     
     
       9. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the exterior surface of the casing is defined by a non-metallic material. 
     
     
       10. The electronic device of  claim 9 , wherein:
 the transparent light guide layer is configured to direct light through the non-metallic material. 
 
     
     
       11. The electronic device of  claim 10 , wherein the light directed through the non-metallic material defines one or both of:
 a virtual key region; and 
 a graphical output of the electronic device. 
 
     
     
       12. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the exterior surface of the casing is configured to travel less than 100 microns in response to the input force. 
     
     
       13. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein:
 the sense layer has a first set of electrodes; 
 the drive layer has a second set of electrodes, each electrode of the second set of electrodes opposing a corresponding electrode of the first set of electrodes to define a set of sensing pairs; and 
 the electronic device is configured to determine the location of the input force using the set of sensing pairs. 
 
     
     
       14. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the casing further comprises a base layer defining an electromagnetic shield. 
     
     
       15. An electronic device comprising:
 a casing comprising a ceramic material that forms an exterior surface of the electronic device, the exterior surface defining a dimensionally-configurable input region; 
 an input stack-up configured to detect:
 a deformation of the exterior surface within the dimensionally-configurable input region; and 
 a location of the deformation; 
 
 a light source configured to illuminate the dimensionally-configurable input region and positioned outside a perimeter boundary of the dimensionally-configurable input region; 
 a transparent light guide layer distinct from and positioned above the input stack-up and below the casing, the transparent light guide layer configured to:
 deform in response to the deformation of the exterior surface; and 
 direct light from the light source to the dimensionally-configurable input region; and 
 
 a processor configured to generate a user input signal based on the deformation of the exterior surface. 
 
     
     
       16. The electronic device of  claim 15 , wherein the light source is further configured to modify a boundary of the dimensionally-configurable input region in response to the user input signal. 
     
     
       17. The electronic device of  claim 15 , wherein the deformation of the exterior surface of the electronic device is a travel of less than 100 microns that is tactilely imperceptible to a user. 
     
     
       18. The electronic device of  claim 17 , wherein:
 the input stack-up is positioned within the casing; and 
 the travel of less than 100 microns of the casing deforms a surface of the input stack-up, thereby triggering a capacitance-based switch. 
 
     
     
       19. The electronic device of  claim 15 , wherein the ceramic material is a component of a fiber-matrix composite. 
     
     
       20. The electronic device of  claim 19 , wherein the light source is configured to illuminate the dimensionally-configurable input region from within the casing.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation patent application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/867,407, filed Sep. 28, 2015 and titled “Configurable Force-Sensitive Input Structures for Electronic Devices,” which is a nonprovisional patent application of and claims the benefit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/057,350, filed Sep. 30, 2014 and titled “Zero-Travel Input Structure,” and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/057,425, filed Sep. 30, 2014 and titled “Dynamic Track Pad for Electronic Devices,” the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The disclosure relates generally to electronic devices and, more particularly, to a configurable, force-sensitive input structure for an electronic device. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Conventional electronic devices typically include a variety of distinct input devices formed from a variety of components. For example, conventional laptop computing devices typically include a keyboard and a track pad to allow a user to interact with the laptop. Each of these devices includes a variety of components that may be positioned both inside and outside of the casing of the laptop. For example, the keyboard may include keycaps protruding from the casing, and corresponding internal dome switches, electrical contacts and traces positioned within the casing. In order for the keycaps to protrude from the casing and maintain contact with the internal components, keycap apertures are formed through the casing of the electronic device. 
     However, conventional input devices, such as keyboards or track pads for a laptop, are susceptible to damage. For example, debris and other contaminants may enter the casing of the electronic device through the keycap apertures and may subsequently damage the internal components of the electronic device. The damage to the internal components may render the electronic device inoperable. Likewise, the mechanical structures forming the input devices may be especially vulnerable to a drop or mechanical shock. 
     Additionally, because many conventional input devices have a number of components positioned both inside and outside the casing of the electronic device, the risk of component failure may increase. That is, in combination with some components being positioned on the outside of the casing where a number of components are used to form each of the conventional input devices, if a single component is damaged, lost, or becomes inoperable, the entire input device may become inoperable. 
     SUMMARY 
     An input structure is disclosed. The input structure comprises a metal contact layer defining a dimensionally-configurable input region, a sense layer positioned below the metal contact layer, a drive layer capacitively coupled to the sense layer, a compliant layer positioned between the sense layer and the drive layer, and a rigid base layer positioned below the drive layer, wherein the sense layer and drive layer cooperate to sense an force exerted on the metal contact layer. 
     An electronic device is also disclosed. The electronic device comprises a metal casing having a contact portion, and a base portion positioned below and coupled to the contact portion. The electronic device also includes a group of holes formed through the contact portion, and an input structure positioned within the casing and below the group of holes. The input structure includes a sense layer positioned below the contact portion of the metal casing, a drive layer positioned beneath the sense layer, a compliant layer positioned between and coupled to the sense layer and the drive layer, and a set of supports positioned within the compliant layer. The input structure may capacitively detect a force and a location of a force exerted on the contact portion of the metal casing. 
     An electronic device is disclosed. The electronic device comprises a metal casing comprising a partially-flexible contact portion, and an input structure positioned below and secured to the partially-flexible contact portion of the casing. The input structure comprises at least one input area formed on a portion of the partially-flexible contact portion. The input structure is configured to provide a group of interchangeable input devices within the at least one input area formed on at least the portion of the partially-flexible contact portion. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The disclosure will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural elements, and in which: 
         FIG. 1A  shows an electronic device including a configurable, force-sensitive input structure, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 1B  shows a top view of the electronic device of  FIG. 1A , according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  shows a cross-section side view of a stack-up of a force-sensitive input structure of the electronic device of  FIG. 1A , taken along line  2 - 2 , according to embodiments. The force-sensitive input structure includes a compliant layer formed therein. 
         FIG. 3  shows a cross-section side view of a stack-up of a force-sensitive input structure of the electronic device of  FIG. 1A , taken along line  2 - 2 , according to additional embodiments. The force-sensitive input structure includes deformable compliant supports formed therein. 
         FIG. 4  shows a bottom view of a portion of an electronic device including a configurable, force-sensitive input structure and a haptic feedback module, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 5  shows a cross-section side view of a portion of a stack-up of a force-sensitive input structure of the electronic device of  FIG. 1A , taken along line  2 - 2 , according to embodiments. The stack-up of the force-sensitive input structure is secured within the electronic device in a first configuration, as shown in  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 6  shows a cross-section side view of a portion of a stack-up of a force-sensitive input structure of the electronic device of  FIG. 1A , taken along line  2 - 2 , according to additional embodiments. The stack-up of the force-sensitive input is secured within the electronic device in a second configuration, as shown in  FIG. 6 . 
         FIG. 7  shows a cross-section side view of a portion of a stack-up of a force-sensitive input structure of the electronic device of  FIG. 1A , taken along line  2 - 2 , according to further embodiments. The stack-up of the force-sensitive input structure is secured within the electronic device in a third configuration, as shown in  FIG. 7 . 
         FIG. 8  shows a portion of a stack-up including sensor and drive pixels forming a configurable, force-sensitive input structure, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 9  shows a top view of a stack-up including sensor and drive columns forming a configurable, force-sensitive input structure, according to additional embodiments. 
         FIG. 10  shows a top view of an electronic device including a configurable, force-sensitive input structure, according to further embodiments. The input areas of the configurable, force-sensitive input structure are shown prior to being configured as specific input devices for the electronic device. 
         FIG. 11  shows a top view of the electronic device including the configurable, force-sensitive input structure of  FIG. 10 , according to further embodiments. The input areas of the configurable, force-sensitive input structure are shown subsequent to being configured as specific input devices for the electronic device. 
         FIG. 12  shows an enlarged top view of a portion of the electronic device of  FIG. 11 , according to further embodiments. 
         FIG. 13A  shows a top view of an electronic device including a configurable, force-sensitive input structure in a first configuration including a keyboard, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 13B  shows a top view of an electronic device including a configurable, force-sensitive input structure in a second configuration including only directional buttons of the keyboard shown in  FIG. 13A , according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 14  shows a top view of an electronic device including a configurable, force-sensitive input structure having a patterned contact surface, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 15A  shows top view of an electronic device including a configurable, force-sensitive input structure in a first operational mode including a keyboard and a mode key, according to embodiments. 
         FIG. 15B  shows a top view of an electronic device including a configurable, force-sensitive input structure in a second operational mode including a track pad and the mode key, according to embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to representative embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following descriptions are not intended to limit the embodiments to one preferred embodiment. To the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as can be included within the spirit and scope of the described embodiments as defined by the appended claims. 
     The following disclosure relates generally to electronic devices and, more particularly, to a configurable, force-sensitive input structure for an electronic device. In some embodiments, the force-sensitive input structure may be a zero travel or low travel structure. 
     The term “zero travel,” as used herein, may not require the absence of movement, but rather may be defined as imperceptible or unrecognizable movement of components of the input structure by a user of the electronic device and/or a flexing or bending of a structure as opposed to travel of one component with respect to another. As discussed herein, components of the electronic device and/or the input structure may deform in response to a user force providing an input to the electronic device (e.g., an “input force”). However, the deformation of these components may not be perceived, felt or detected by the user when interacting with the electronic device and/or the input structure, or may be relatively negligible. 
     In a particular embodiment, the configurable, force-sensitive input structure may be configured as a variety of input devices for the electronic device including, but not limited to, a keyboard, a number pad or a track pad. The electronic device may utilize a single input structure for forming a number of distinct input devices, or, conversely, may include a number of input structures for forming distinct input devices. The electronic device may include a contact portion formed from a flexible (or partially-flexible) material that may bend or deform into and/or to contact a portion of an input stack-up. For example, the contact portion may be a metal sheet or part of a metal housing of an electronic device. The input stack-up may capacitively sense the deformation of the contact portion due to application of an input force on a corresponding contact portion of the electronic device. Typical input forces may be approximately 20-350 grams, in certain embodiments, although this range is meant merely as an example rather than a limitation. The input force applied to the contact portion is of sufficient magnitude to result in deformation of the contact portion into the stack-up such that the stack-up capacitively senses the force. In some embodiments the force is such that resultant bending or deformation of the contact portion is visually and/or tactilely imperceptible to a user. 
     When an input force is applied and the detected capacitance exceeds a threshold, an input corresponding to any or all of the location of the capacitance change, amount of capacitive change, and/or deformation of the contact portion may be provided to the electronic device. The location of a capacitive change may correspond to a location on a surface of the electronic device at which the input force was provided, and thus to a touch location. Accordingly, embodiments herein may detect not only a continuum of forces (as opposed to binary detection of force) but also a location of touch/interaction. Further, because embodiments described herein do not rely on capacitive coupling between a sensor and a device or person providing a touch input, embodiments may sense force and/or touch through grounding and/or shielding structures, such as metal, and may sense inputs provided by non-capacitive constructs touching an electronic device. 
     Additionally, because the configurable, force-sensitive input structure may form a variety of distinct input devices, the contact layer may be configured to include one or more input areas, which include distinct input devices having distinct functions for the electronic device. 
     As discussed herein, the force-sensitive input structure is configurable and may take the form or shape of multiple, distinct input devices or components for the electronic device. As a result, the force-sensitive input structure can provide unique/configurable input devices or components to a user; such devices/components may not be typically associated with the electronic device and/or may not be usually integrated with the electronic device. 
     Furthermore, positioning of the input devices of the force-sensitive input structure may be customizable. That is, the input devices can be moved to distinct locations on the casing, within the force-sensitive input structure. As a result, the input devices can be moved to a specific location of the casing based on user preference. Similarly, one or more of such input devices may be resized or reshaped by user input, operation of an associated electronic device, software, firmware, other hardware, and so on. Thus, the input structure may be said to be dimensionally configurable insofar as input devices (or regions) on its surface may be moved and/or resized and/or reshaped. 
     Additionally, and as discussed herein, the components or layers forming the force-sensitive input structure are substantially surrounded by and/or enclosed within the casing of the electronic device. As a result, no portion of the force-sensitive input structure is exposed, except a contact surface. As a result, the casing can be formed from a solid piece of material, which may prevent damage to the internal components of the electronic device and/or the components of the force-sensitive input structure. 
     These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to  FIGS. 1A-15B . However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. 
       FIGS. 1A and 1B  show an electronic device  100 , including a configurable, force-sensing input structure  200 , according to embodiments. In a non-limiting example, as shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , electronic device  100  may be a laptop computer. However, it is understood that electronic device  100  may be configured as any suitable electronic device that may utilize configurable, force-sensitive input structure  200  (hereafter, “input structure  200 ”). 
     As discussed herein, force-sensing input structure  200  is formed within a casing of electronic device  100 , and specifically, below a contact portion of the casing of the electronic device  100  in order for a user of electronic device  100  to interact and/or utilize input structure  200 . Force-sensitive input structure  200  is a configurable structure that may take the form or shape of multiple, distinct input devices or components for electronic device  100 . As a result, input structure  200  of electronic device  100  provides unique input devices or components to a user of electronic device  100  that may not be typically associated with electronic device  100  and/or require additional, auxiliary components that are “add-ons” and/or are not integral with electronic device  100 . In a non-limiting example, and by comparison to a conventional a laptop which may only include a standard “QWERTY” keyboard and a track pad, electronic device  100  having force-sensitive input structure  200  can include a QWERTY keyboard, a track pad, a standalone numeric keypad, a special characters or glyph keypad, and/or enlarged directional keys portion. 
     Furthermore, because force-sensitive input structure  200  can be configured as a variety of input devices or components, and may be switched between various input devices or components, the positioning of the input devices formed by force-sensitive input structure  200  may be customizable within electronic device  100 . That is, where force-sensitive input structure  200  is formed below a portion or substantially the entire contact portion of the casing of electronic device  100 , the positioning of the input devices formed by force-sensitive input structure  200  can be moved on the contact surface. As a result, track pads can be moved to a specific side of the contact portion of the casing or can be placed above a keyboard formed by force-sensitive input structure  200  when a user is utilizing electronic device  100  to primarily type using the keyboard. Likewise, the size and/or shape of a region of the input structure  200  may be configured by a user. For example, a user may specify a particular area, region or the like to accept input. In other words, the input structure may be dimensionally configurable. 
     Additionally, and as discussed herein, the components or layers forming force-sensitive input structure  200  are substantially surrounded by and/or enclosed within the casing of electronic device  100 . As a result, no portion of force-sensitive input structure  200  is exposed and/or positioned between the external and internal portion of the casing forming electronic device  100 . As a result, the contact portion of the casing which is interacted with to utilize force-sensitive input structure  200  can be formed from a solid piece of material and/or may not have any holes, recess or ingresses within the internal portion of the casing of electronic device  100 . The solid casing may prevent damage to the components of electronic device  100  and/or the components of force-sensitive input structure  200  caused by direct exposure to shock events (e.g., drops) and/or exposure to environmental or external contaminants (e.g., dust, water, and so on). 
     In many embodiments, the force-sensitive input structure may be a zero travel input structure. As discussed above, the term “zero travel” used herein, may not be related to the absence of movement, but rather, may more accurately defined as imperceptible or unrecognizable movement of components of input structure  200  by a user of electronic device  100 . As discussed herein, components of electronic device  100  and/or input structure  200  may deform to provide an input to electronic device  100 . However, the deformation of these components may not be perceived, felt or detected by the user when interacting with electronic device  100  and/or input structure  200 . 
     Electronic device  100  may include a casing  102 . Casing  102  may take the form of an exterior, protective casing or shell for electronic device  100  and the various internal components (for example, input structure  200 ) of electronic device  100 . Casing  102  may be formed as distinct components that may be configured to be coupled to one another. In a non-limiting example, as shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , casing  102  may be formed from a contact layer or portion  104 , and a base layer or portion  106  coupled to contact portion  104 . Contact layer or portion  104  and base layer or portion  106  may be coupled to one another along a seam line  108  of electronic device  100 . As discussed herein, contact portion  104  including input structure  200  may be interacted with (e.g., touched) by a user for providing input and/or interacting with electronic device  100 . Base portion  106  may provide structural support to input structure  200  and electronic device  100 , as discussed herein. Contact layer or portion  104  may extend across only a part of a casing or may extend across all of a casing. For example, contact layer or portion  104  may extend across part of a single surface of the casing  102 , or may extend across all of a surface, or may extend across multiple surfaces. Further, a single device (and/or a single casing) may have multiple contact portions  104 . 
     Contact layer  104  and base layer  106  may be formed from any suitable material that provides a protective casing or shell for electronic device  100  and the various components included in electronic device  100 . Additionally, contact layer  104  and base layer  106  of casing  102  may be formed from distinct materials or the same material having distinct physical dimensions and/or characteristics to aid in the function of each portion of casing  102 . In a non-limiting example, contact layer  104  may be made from metal, such as an aluminum plate, housing (e.g., casing) or the like. In another non-limiting example, contact layer  104  may be formed from a ceramic, a plastic or another polymer, or a fiber-matrix composite, and so on. The contact layer  104  may be at least partially flexible when pressed by a user. However, the contact layer may flex imperceptibly from a user&#39;s standpoint when a typical input force is exerted on the contact layer (e.g., experience zero travel). In some embodiments, the contact portion may move, flex or travel on the order of tens of microns or less under typical input forces, all of which are encompassed by the term “zero travel”). For example, the contact layer  104  may travel 100 microns or less under a typical input force, or 50 microns or less, or 10 microns or less. Other embodiments may permit greater travel, and may permit user-perceptible travel. 
     Base layer  106  may be made from a similar or distinct material from contact portion  104 . In a non-limiting example, base portion  106  may be formed from metal such as aluminum or any other suitable metal, a ceramic, a plastic or another polymer, a fiber-matrix composite, or any other suitable material that may be substantially rigid in order to support electronic device  100  and input structure  200 , as discussed herein. Base layer or portion  106  may also act as a ground and/or shield for one or both of a sense layer and a drive layer, as described herein. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , electronic device  100  may also include a display  110  and a display case  112  housing display  110 . Display case  112  may form an exterior housing and/or protective enclosure for display  110  of electronic device  100  as similarly discussed herein with respect to casing  102 . Display  110  may be implemented as any suitable display technology utilized by electronic device  100 . 
     Input structure  200  may be formed and/or positioned on or within electronic device  100 . As discussed herein, the various electrically communicative components or layers, commonly referred to as a “stack-up,” forming input structure  200  may be positioned between and or secured to at least one of the contact portion  104  and/or the base portion  106  of casing  102  of electronic device  100 . Input structure  200  may provide or form a number of input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  (shown in phantom) on contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 , as shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B . The input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  are predetermined areas of contact portion  104  that allow a user to interact and/or provide input to electronic device  100 . 
     Although four distinct input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  are shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , electronic device  100  may have any number of input areas defined on contact portion  104 . In a non-limiting example, contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  may include a single input area that may be formed over at least a portion of contact portion  104  (see,  FIGS. 13A and 13B ). In another non-limiting example, contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  may include two equally sized input areas formed over at least a portion of contact portion  104 . Further, input areas may be formed on other portions of the housing (e.g., casing), such as an exterior of the housing, side of the housing, in the display case  112 , and so on. 
     Additionally, and discussed in detail below, each of the input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  on contact portion  104  may be formed from a stack-up as described below; each input area may have its own stack-up or multiple input areas may share a stack-up. In a non-limiting example, electronic device  100  may have distinct stack-ups for each input area  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  on contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 . In another non-limiting example, electronic device  100  may have a single stack-up for all input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  on contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 . In the non-limiting example having a single stack-up, portions of contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  not within or defining an input area may correspond to portions of the stack-up that are electrically insulated and/or otherwise not configured to provide electrical input in response to a user&#39;s action. 
     Although electronic device  100  is shown as a laptop computer, it is understood that electronic device  100  may be configured as any suitable electronic device that may utilize input structure  200 . In non-limiting examples, other embodiments can implement electronic device  100  differently, such as, for example, a desktop computer, a tablet computing device, a smartphone, a gaming device, a display, a digital music player, a wearable computing device or display, a health monitoring device, and so on. 
     Additionally, although discussed herein as an input structure, it is understood that the disclosed embodiments may be used in a variety of input devices utilized in various electronic devices. As discussed herein, input structure  200 , and the components of the structure, may be utilized or implemented in a variety of input devices for an electronic device including, but not limited to, buttons, switches, toggles, wheels, mice, joystick, trackpads, and so on. 
       FIGS. 2 and 3  show a side cross-section view of a portion of electronic device  100 , taken along line  2 - 2  in  FIG. 1A . As shown in  FIG. 2 , and discussed herein, various electrically communicative components or layers (e.g., stack-up) forming input structure  200  may be positioned between contact portion  104  and base portion  106  of casing  102  for electronic device  100 . The stack-up of input structure  200  may include a sense layer  204 , and a corresponding drive layer  206  separated from sense layer  204 . As shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , sense layer  204  may be positioned below contact portion  104 , and drive layer  206  may positioned adjacent and/or above base portion  106  of electronic device  100 . It should be appreciated that the position of sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  may be interchanged in certain embodiments. In a non-limiting example, sense layer  204  can be positioned above or adjacent base portion  106  and drive layer  206  can be positioned adjacent and/or below contact portion  104 . 
     Sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  of input structure  200  may cooperate to measure capacitance between the sense layer  204  and drive layer  206 , and particularly capacitances (and changes in capacitances) at specific areas where the sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  overlap. The capacitive characteristics of sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  may be utilized to detect deflection in contact portion  104  when a force (F) is applied by a user of electronic device  100 . As discussed herein, the force (F) may be applied to contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  in an input area  202  for a user to provide input to and/or to interact with electronic device  100 . Since sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  can determine input based on measured changes in capacitance, the force applied to contact portion  104  can come from any user or object. Input structure  200  does not require the user to directly touch the input structure. Rather, the user can apply the force to contact portion  104  using any object. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , a compliant layer  208  may be positioned between sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  of stack-up of input structure  200 . Compliant layer  208  may also be physically coupled to each or both of sense layer  204  and drive layer  206 . Compliant layer  208  may be coupled to sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  using any suitable adhesive. 
     Compliant layer  208  may be formed from a substantially flexible and elastic material to support sense layer  204 , and/or prevent sense layer  204  from contacting drive layer  206  when force is applied to contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 . Additionally, the elastic properties of compliant layer  208  may allow sense layer  204  to return to a neutral state (e.g., spring-back to an uncompressed position) relatively rapidly, thereby permitting the detection of a consecutively-applied forces being applied at or near the same position on contact portion  104  and/or input area  202 . Compliant layer  208  can have apertures formed therein or can be a set of structures such as columns or pillars, in order to provide space for compliant layer  208  to expand when deformed by a force. Alternatively, compliant layer  208  can be a solid, continuous layer(s) of material with no apertures, as discussed herein. 
     In a non-limiting example, and as shown in  FIG. 2 , compliant layer  208  may be formed from a single sheet of elastomeric material that may be disposed between sense layer  204  and drive layer  206 . The elastomer forming compliant layer  208  may be any suitable material that may deform, and subsequently spring-back, as sense layer  204  (or a discrete portion thereof) is compressed toward drive layer  206  as a result of a force (F) applied to, and subsequently removed from, contact portion  104 . The elastomer may be a compliant gel, for example. 
     In another non-limiting example, as shown in  FIG. 3 , compliant layer  208  may be formed from an array of deformable components, such as deformable compliant structures  210 . For convenience, the term “gel dots” is used herein to describe the compliant structures, but this term is not meant to limit the structures to any particular material or shape. Deformable gel dots  210  may be formed from similar material as discussed herein with respect to compliant layer  208  in  FIG. 2 , and may have any suitable shape, size or configuration; in certain embodiments, the dots are cylindrical and form pillar-like structures extending between the drive and sense layers. As such, deformable gel dots  210  may also include similar structurally supportive characteristics and/or elastic characteristics as compliant layer  208 . The array of deformable gel dots  210  may be individual components that may be bonded, laminated or otherwise coupled to form a single layer of deformable gel dots  210 . Although shown and discussed herein as gel dots, it is understood that array of individual components forming compliant layer  208  can be any shape, any material having distinct consistencies and/or viscosities, so long as the array of individual components forming compliant layer  208  function in a substantially similar manner as gel dots  210  discussed herein. 
     The inclusion of the array of deformable gel dots  210  in the non-limiting example of  FIG. 3  may aid in detecting the force (F) applied to contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 . In a non-limiting example, where compliant layer  208  includes an array of deformable gel dots  210 , the force (F) may be more localized or focused on those gel dots  210  aligned with the force (F) (e.g., under or nearby the portion of the contact portion  104  to which the force is applied). In the non-limiting example, gel dots  210  not under or otherwise aligned with the force (F) may not be deformed. Additionally, the deformable gel dots  210  may not disperse or otherwise spread the force (F) out over surrounding segments of the compliant layer  208 . This may increase the accuracy and/or response-time of the force (F) being applied to contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  by a user because only a select group of deformable gel dots  210  may experience the force (F) and deform as a result. 
     The stack-up may also have a set of supports  212  (e.g., one or more supports  212 ) positioned between contact portion  104  and base portion  106  of electronic device  100 . As shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , at least a portion of each of the supports  212  may be positioned within compliant layer  208 . Additionally, the supports  212  may be distributed throughout contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  for providing structural support to contact portion  104 . In a non-limiting example, the supports  212  may be positioned throughout electronic device  100  to provide structural support to contact portion  104  to substantially prevent or minimize undesirable bend or flex in contact portion  104  when a force (F) is not applied by a user, or to reduce bend or flex (e.g., travel) under user-applied force. Areas of contact portion  104  above and/or near supports  212  may be unbendable by a user, and therefore may be “dead zones” when no input can be detected by input structure  200 . The set of supports  212  may be formed from any suitable material that may support contact portion  104 . In a non-limiting example, the supports  212  may be formed from a polymer, such as plastic, or a metal. In either example, the supports may be a material similar to and/or formed integrally with contact portion  104  and/or base portion  106  of casing  102 . 
     In a non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 2 , the set of the supports  212  may be positioned within compliant layer  208 , between sense layer  204  and drive layer  206 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , the set of supports  212  may contact each of the sense layer  204  and drive layer  206 , adjacent compliant layer  208 , or may extend through both to the base and contact portion. In the non-limiting example, the set of supports  212  may provide support to contact portion  104  through sense layer  204 . That is, the supports  212  may resist deformation of the contact portion  104  (at least within a localized region of each support) and prevent the contact region (e.g., contact portion) from flexing or bending beyond a certain point. In some embodiments, the supports may thus limit motion of the contact region such that its motion is imperceptible to a user exerting a force on the contact region, so long as that force is insufficient to permanently warp or deform the contact region. In other words, the contact region may be a zero travel region, at least locally near the supports. In some embodiments, the contact region may be a zero travel region (and/or the input structure may be a zero travel structure) across all or substantially all of the region (or structure). In still other embodiments, the supports may be formed only outside of a contact region, such that they do not interfere with force sensing in any part of the contact region but still provide sufficient support to render the contact region zero travel. 
     In another non-limiting example as shown in  FIG. 3 , the supports  212  may be positioned within compliant layer  208  between contact portion  104  and base portion  106  of electronic device  100 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , the set of supports  212  may contact both the contact portion  104  and base portion  106  of electronic device  100 . Additionally, each support  212  may be formed within and/or positioned through compliant layer  208 , sense layer  204  and drive layer  206 . The supports  212  may be formed within the contact portion  104 , outside the contact portion, or both inside and outside the contact portion. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , stack-up of input structure  200  may also include a light guide layer  218  positioned between sense layer  204  and contact portion  104  of casing  102  of electronic device  100 . Light guide layer  218  may be positioned between sense layer  204  and contact portion  104  to provide light to contact portion  104 . In a non-limiting example shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , light guide layer  218  may be utilized to provide light to a group of micro-perforations or holes  220  formed through contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 . In some embodiments, holes  220  may be sealed with an optically clear sealant (or any other suitable sealant) to reduce ingress of debris and/or liquid, while allowing light to pass through holes  220 . As discussed in more detail below with respect to  FIGS. 10-12 , holes  220  may be formed throughout input areas  202 , and may be utilized, along with light guide layer  218 , to form, provide and/or display key boundaries, input device boundaries and/or key glyphs. 
     Although shown in a specific configuration in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , it is understood that the stack-up forming input structure  200  may be formed in different orders or orientations. In a non-limiting example, sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  may be flipped or switched within the stack-up. In another non-limiting example, light guide layer  218  may be positioned adjacent base portion  106 . In the non-limiting example where light guide layer  218  is positioned adjacent base portion  106 , the remaining layers in the stack-up (for example, the compliant layer  208 ) may be formed from a material having substantially transparent properties and/or characteristics to allow light to pass through the stack-up of input structure  200 . 
     In a further non-limiting example embodiment, base portion  106  may be formed as a distinct layer in the stack-up for input structure  200 , and not as a part of casing  102  of electronic device  100 . In the non-limiting example, base portion  106  may be another distinct layer in the stack-up and may be formed from a substantially stiff material, for example steel. 
       FIG. 4  shows a bottom view of portion of electronic device  100  and input structure  200 . Base portion  106  of electronic device  100  is removed in  FIG. 4  to more clearly show input structure  200 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , light guide layer  218  may extend beyond the other layers of stack-up of input structure  200 , for example, drive layer  206 . Further, one or more light sources  222  may be positioned on, near, or adjacent light guide layer  218 . Light source  222  may be any suitable light source, such as an LED, that may emit light into light guide layer  218 , which may subsequently direct the light through holes  220  of contact portion  104  to light portions of input area  202   d , as discussed herein. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , stack-up of input structure  200  may also include a circuit connector  224  in electrical communication with various layers of input structure  200 . Circuit connector  224  may be in electrical communication with sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  for detecting and/or determining a capacitance change in input structure  200  when a force is applied to contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 . Circuit connector  224  may be configured as any suitable electrically communicative conduit or line including, but not limited to an electrical flex or an electrical trace. 
     Additionally, circuit connector  224  may be in electrical communication with various distinct components of electronic device  100 . In a non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 4 , circuit connector  224  may be in electrical communication with a haptic feedback module  226  of electronic device  100 . In the non-limiting example, circuit connector  224  may electrically couple haptic feedback module  226  to stack-up of input structure  200 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , haptic feedback module  226  may be positioned on or aligned with stack-up forming input structure  200  where base portion  106  is formed from a distinct layer as discussed herein. Haptic feedback module  226  may also be in communication with haptic actuator(s)  227  (one shown) positioned at least partially within or adjacent to input area  202   d . The haptic feedback module  226 , via haptic actuator(s)  227 , may provide haptic signals to contact portion  104  of casing  102  including input area  202   d . As discussed herein, because there is no button for providing haptic feedback to a user of input structure  200 , haptic feedback module  226  may recognize a user&#39;s input by communicating with stack-up of input structure  200 , and may subsequently provide a haptic feedback through haptic signals (e.g., ultrasonic waves), generated by haptic actuator  227 , to the user. The haptic signals mimic the tactile feel of depressing a button on a conventional keyboard, or a click on a conventional track pad, as discussed herein. 
       FIGS. 5-7  show non-limiting examples of the stack-up of input structure  200  being secured and/or coupled within casing  102  of electronic device  100 . In the non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 5 , stack-up of input structure  200  may be affixed and/or laminated directly to an interior surface  118  of contact portion  104  of casing  102 . The laminating may occur after the various layers of stack-up of input structure  200  are coupled together, and input structure  200  is positioned on interior surface  118 . A laminate material  228  may be disposed over stack-up of input structure  200  and a portion of interior surface  118  of contact portion  104 . To ensure a desired bond, and to maintain a desired bond over the operational life of electronic device  100 , in some embodiments laminate material  228  may completely cover stack-up of input structure  200  and cover a portion of interior surface  118  of contact portion  104  surrounding input structure  200 . In the example embodiment of  FIG. 5 , input structure  200  may be suspended within casing  102  of electronic device. As a result, input structure  200  may be primarily supported by the laminate material  228 , laminating input structure to contact portion  104 . Input structure  200  may be secondarily supported by base portion  106 , positioned adjacent to drive layer  206 . 
     In the example embodiments in  FIGS. 6 and 7 , drive layer  206  may be primarily responsible for securing input structure  200  within casing  102  of electronic device  100 . In the example embodiments, and as discussed herein, the various layers forming stack-up of input structure  200  may be coupled to one another using an adhesive, such that stack-up of input structure  200  is a single structure formed from multiple bonded layers or components. In the example embodiment as shown in  FIG. 6 , drive layer  206  of input structure  200  may extend over and be coupled to an entire surface of base portion  106  of electronic device  100 . Adhesive  230  may be used to couple drive layer  206  to base portion  106 . Distinct from the example in  FIG. 5 , in the example shown in  FIG. 6 , stack-up of input structure  200  may only be supported by base portion  106  of casing  102  of electronic device  100 . Additionally, by coupling an entire drive layer  206  to a surface of base portion  106 , the rigid material of base portion  106  may support stack-up of input structure  200 . Although shown in  FIG. 6  as extending over the entire surface of base portion  106 , it is understood that drive layer  206  may extend over and/or cover only a portion of base portion  106 . 
     In non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 7 , drive layer  206  of input structure  200  may be disposed over and coupled to a portion of base portion  106  of electronic device  100 . Drive layer  206 , as shown in  FIG. 7 , may be coupled to base portion  106  of electronic device  100  at each corner of drive layer  206 . Adhesive  230  may be used to couple drive layer  206  to base portion  106 . Similar to  FIG. 6 , in the example shown in  FIG. 7 , stack-up of input structure  200  may be supported by base portion  106  of casing  102  of electronic device  100 . By coupling drive layer  206  to base portion  106  only at the corners of drive layer  206 , the material used for coupling input structure  200  within casing  102  may be reduced. Additionally, by coupling drive layer  206  to base portion  106  only at the corners of drive layer  206 , sense layer  204  and compliant layer  208  may have increased deflection when a user provides an input to electronic device  100  by applying a force. The increase deflection may ensure electronic device  100  receives the input provided by the user. Although shown in  FIG. 7  as utilizing adhesive  230  to couple drive layer  206  to base portion  106 , it is understood that other suitable coupling and/or bonding components may be used. In non-limiting examples, drive layer  206  may be coupled to base portion  106  using tape, lamination and so on. 
     As discussed herein, sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  of input structure  200  may capacitively detect a force (F) resulting from a user input.  FIG. 8  shows a portion of sense layer  204 , drive layer  206  and compliant layer  208  positioned therebetween. In the non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 8 , sense layer  204  may be formed from an array of sensor pixels  232 , and drive layer  206  may be formed from an array of drive pixels  234 . “Pixel,” as used herein, does not necessarily refer to a pixel of a display device (e.g., an independently illuminable region of a display) but instead to a discrete electrode or other discrete electrical element that forms a portion of a sensor or sensing area. 
     Each sensor pixel  232  of sense layer  204  may correspond to a single drive pixel  234  of drive layer  206 , where the corresponding pixels of sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  may be aligned and positioned on opposite sides of compliant layer  208 . Thus, each pair of sense and drive pixels may be considered a capacitor. As shown in the non-limiting example embodiment, sensor pixels  232  and drive pixels  234  may be aligned within the respective layer and may be positioned and/or coupled directly to compliant layer  208 . In another non-limiting example, sensor pixels  232  of sense layer  204  and drive pixels  234  of drive layer  206  may be coupled to a substrate (not shown) for positioning the electrodes on a separate and distinct layer of input structure  200 . As discussed herein, a single sensor pixel  232  and corresponding drive pixel  234  may be used by a single input component or button of input structure  200 , or an array of sensor pixels  232  and corresponding drive pixels  234  may be used by a single input component or button. The change in capacitance may be detected when the distance between the sensor pixels  232  and drive pixels  234  varies as a result of deformation in the contact portion  104 . The change in capacitance may indicate a force applied by a user providing an input to electronic device  100 . Additionally, a location in which the change in capacitance occurs may indicate the location of the force applied by the user. That is, embodiments described herein may localize a force by determining a pair of pixels underlying or otherwise corresponding to a location at which the force is applied, for example because the change in capacitance is greatest at that intersection. Thus, embodiments described herein may sense not only force but also a location at which a force is applied and thus, a location of a touch or force. In yet another embodiment, only one layer or array of pixels may be used; the pixels may be mutually capacitive with respect to adjacent pixels. Changes in this mutual capacitance may be used to detect either or both of a location and amount of force, as described above 
     In another non-limiting example, as shown in  FIG. 9 , sense layer  204  may be formed from multiple sensor capacitive columns  236  arranged in a first direction. Additionally in the non-limiting example, drive layer  206  may be formed from multiple drive capacitive rows  238  arranged in a second direction, distinct from the first direction. Although not shown, the respective capacitive columns  236  and capacitive rows  238  forming sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  of input structure  200  may be separated by compliant layer  208 , as discussed herein. When sense layer  204  utilizes sensor capacitive columns  236 , and drive layer  206  is formed from drive capacitive rows  238 , a change in capacitance at an intersection of sensor capacitive columns  236  and drive capacitive rows  238  may indicate a force applied by a user providing an input to electronic device  100 . To detect the change in capacitance at an intersection, a charge or current may be repeatedly provided through each of sensor capacitive columns  236  or drive capacitive rows  238  in a predetermined sequence. When a detected capacitance varies from a steady or uncompressed state capacitance, the location and/or amount of the force applied to sense layer  204  may be detected. A location of touch may be determined in a similar fashion to that previously described with respect to  FIG. 8 ; e.g., by determining a location corresponding to an intersection of a drive row and sense column experiencing or reporting a greatest change in capacitance. 
       FIG. 10  shows a top view of electronic device  100  including input structure  200 . As shown in  FIG. 10  and discussed herein with respect to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , casing  102  may have a group of micro-perforations or holes  220  (shown in phantom) formed through contact portion  104 . In the non-limiting example, holes  220  may be formed through contact portion  104  in predetermined input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  of electronic device  100 . Each of the input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  may include a group of holes  220 . Additionally, and as discussed herein, input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d , when configured, may have boundaries defined by illuminated holes  220 . Although shown as being arranged in a grid geometry, it is understood that the group of holes  220  formed through contact portion  104  may be positioned in any geometry or configuration within contact portion  104 . Additionally, it is understood that holes  220  may be formed over the entire surface of contact portion  104 ; however, only those holes  220  formed in input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  may be visible by a user when a light is provided by light guide layer  218  and/or light source  222 , as discussed herein. 
       FIG. 11  shows a top view of electronic device  100  and input structure  200  configured as specific input areas corresponding to particular input devices or structures. As shown in  FIG. 11 , and with continued reference to  FIG. 10 , input areas  202   a ,  202   c ,  202   d  (see,  FIG. 10 ) may be configured to be interacted with by a user of electronic device  100 , where each input area  202   a ,  202   c ,  202   d  is configured as a distinct input device. Input area  202   b  (see,  FIG. 10 ) may not be configured as an input device, and therefore may be deactivated or selectively inoperable for electronic device  100 . Further, each of the input areas may be different, unique parts of the contact portion and/or input structure  200 ; any or all of such regions may vary in size, shape, or other dimension from one another and the overall input structure and/or contact portion. Accordingly, the input structure may be considered dimensionally configurable insofar as the distinct input areas formed thereon may vary in dimensions, and such dimension may be changed depending on the function of the input area and/or user preference. 
     In the non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 11 , select holes  220  formed through contact portion  104  in active input areas  202   a ,  202   c ,  202   d  may be illuminated by light guide layer  218  and/or light source  222  to visually indicate to a user that these input areas are interactive. For example, where input structure  200  formed below input area  202   a  (see,  FIG. 10 ) is configured as a QWERTY keyboard input device  239  (hereafter, “QWERTY keyboard  239 ”), select holes  220  of contact portion  104  may be illuminated to form an input area boundary  240 , and individual keycap boundaries  242  to form individual input keys  244  of the QWERTY keyboard  239 . The input area boundary  240  may indicate where input areas  202   a  ends and keycap boundaries  242  may indicate to a user where each input key  244  of the QWERTY keyboard  239  is located within input area  202   a.    
     Briefly turning to  FIG. 12 , an enlarged portion  12  (see,  FIG. 11 ) of the input structure  200  formed within input area  202   a  is shown. Select holes  220  formed through contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  may also be illuminated to provide a key glyph  246  to a user of electronic device  100 . As shown in the non-limiting example of  FIG. 12 , each illuminated input key  244  may have an illuminated key glyph  246  corresponding to the respective input key  244  of the QWERTY keyboard  239  formed in input area  202   a . Illuminated glyph  246  micro-perforations are not shown in  FIG. 11  for clarity. 
     Returning to  FIG. 11 , input areas  202   c ,  202   d  (see,  FIG. 10 ) may also be configured as distinct input devices using input structure  200 . In the non-limiting example, input area  202   c  formed from input structure  200  may be configured as a track pad  248 . As shown in the non-limiting example of  FIG. 11 , holes  220  positioned within input area  202   c  of input structure  200  may provide a track pad boundary  250  for track pad  248 . The track pad boundary  250  may provide the user with a visual indicator of where the functional portion of track pad  248  ends on contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 . Further, it should be appreciated that the input areas  202   c ,  202   d  have different dimensions that the input area  202   a.    
     In a further non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 11 , input area  202   d  (see,  FIG. 10 ) may be configured as a number keypad  252 . In the non-limiting example, and similarly discussed with respect to QWERTY keyboard  239  and input area  202   a  above, number keypad  252  may have individual keycap boundaries  254 , defined by selectively illuminating holes  220  of contact portion  104 , to form number keypad input keys  256 . The number keypad input keys  256  may include keys corresponding to numbers and/or mathematical operations, such as, addition, subtraction, multiplication and so on. Unlike input area boundary  240  of QWERTY keyboard  239  and track pad boundary  250  of track pad  248 , number keypad  252  formed in input area  202   d  may not include area boundary indicators. That is, as shown in  FIG. 11 , number keypad  252  may only include keycap boundaries  254  for each of number keypad input keys  256 , and may not include a boundary indicating where input area  202   d  ends on contact portion  104  of electronic device  100 . 
     As briefly discussed herein, haptic feedback module  226  (see,  FIG. 4 ) may be in electrical communication with each of the input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  of input structure  200  formed within electronic device  100 . Haptic feedback module  226  may provide haptic signals to the input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  and/or to contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  to be felt or experienced by a user of electronic device  100 . The haptic signals provided to contact portion  104  may be dependent upon the type of input device included in input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d , as configured by input structure  200 , and/or the detected action of the user within the input areas  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d.    
     In a non-limiting example, haptic feedback module  226  (see,  FIG. 4 ) may provide a haptic signal to input area  202   a  and/or contact portion  104  when a user presses an input key  244  of QWERTY keyboard  239  to interact with electronic device  100 . The haptic signal provided by haptic feedback module  226  may simulate the feeling of depressing a key assembly in a conventional keyboard. A similar haptic signal may be provided by the haptic feedback module  226  to contact portion  104  and/or input area  202   d  when a user presses an input key  256  of number keypad  252 . Additionally, a haptic signal may be provided by the haptic feedback module  226  to contact portion  104  and/or input area  202   c  when a user presses track pad  248  to provide an input. 
     Haptic feedback module  226  (see,  FIG. 4 ) may also provide a haptic signal to contact portion  104  as an indicator or warning that the user is close to the boundary of the input area  202   a ,  202   b ,  202   c ,  202   d  which the user is interacting with. In a non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 11 , haptic feedback module  226  may provide a haptic signal to contact portion  104  and/or input area  202   c , when a user moves their finger close to and/or on track pad boundary  250  for track pad  248 . Once the haptic signal is felt, the user may reposition their finger within track pad  248  before exiting input area  202   c  and interacting with a portion of contact portion outside of input area  202   c.    
     Although shown as distinct input devices, input structure  200  may be configured to recognize inputs corresponding to other input devices. In a non-limiting example in  FIG. 11 , input structure  200  forming QWERTY keyboard  239  in input area  202   a  may be configured to recognize touch and/or finger-motions used on track pad  248  in input area  202   c . The sense layer  204  and drive layer  206  of input structure  200  (see,  FIG. 2 ) may sense a user&#39;s swiping motion with at least one finger along contact portion  104  in input area  202   a , configured as QWERTY keyboard  239 , in a similar fashion or manner as in input area  202   c  configured as track pad  248 . As a result, a user of electronic device  100  may not be required to move their fingers from input area  202   a  to input area  202   c , but rather, may use input area  202   a  as QWERTY keyboard  239  and track pad  248 . 
     Input structure  200  may dynamically change dimension and/or configuration of the input device based on the operational mode of the electronic device  100 . In a further non-limiting example, as shown in  FIG. 13A , input structure  200  aligned with input area  202   a  may be initially configured as a QWERTY keyboard  239 , similar to input structure  200  discussed herein with respect to  FIG. 11 . Input structure  200  configured as QWERTY keyboard  239  may include, for example, directional buttons  258 . As shown in  FIG. 13A , when electronic device  100  is being used in a conventional operation mode or with a conventional program (e.g., word processing, internet browsing and the like), directional buttons  258  of QWERTY keyboard  239  may be positioned in a lower portion of input area  202   a , opposite from the alphabetical and symbolic input keys  244 . 
     However, when electronic device  100  is being used with a unique operation mode or with a unique program, input structure  200  may dynamically change its shape and/or configuration, or other dimensions, based on the unique operation mode or program. Continuing the non-limiting example of  FIG. 13A ,  FIG. 13B  may depict electronic device  100  being used to run a unique program (for example, an interactive game) that may only utilize directional buttons  258 . As a result, input structure  200  may be reconfigured to only display and/or provide directional buttons  258  to a user of electronic device  100 . As shown in  FIG. 13B , input structure  200  may adjust its configuration to only display directional buttons  258 , and may reposition directional buttons  258  to a center of input area  202   a . Additionally in the non-limiting example and with comparison to  FIG. 13A , input structure  200  may enlarge directional buttons  258  as well. The reconfiguration, repositioning and/or resizing of directional buttons  258  of input structure  200  may be achieved by modifying or adjusting the selected holes  220  of contact portion  104  that may be illuminated by input structure  200 , as discussed herein. 
     In another non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 14 , contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  may be patterned. With comparison to  FIG. 11 , contact portion  104  of electronic device  100  may not include holes  220  (see,  FIG. 11 ), but rather may be patterned to show features of input structure  200  on contact portion  104 . In the non-limiting example shown in  FIG. 14 , contact portion  104  may include pattern  260  to show input area boundary  240 , and individual keycap boundaries  242  to form input keys  244  in input area  202   a  (see,  FIG. 10 ). Additionally in the non-limiting example, contact portion  104  may be patterned  260  to form track pad boundary  250  for track pad  248  in input area  202   c  (see,  FIG. 10 ). Pattern  260  of contact portion  104  may be formed using any suitable technique or process including, but not limited to, etching, casting, molding, depositing, grinding, milling or the like. 
     As discussed herein, input structure  200  may be configured as a variety of distinct, interchangeable input devices for electronic device  100 . In a non-limiting example as shown in  FIGS. 15A and 15B , a single input structure  200  of electronic device  100  may be configured to have two distinct operational modes or input devices, where each input device of input structure  200  is a distinct input device. As shown in  FIG. 15A , input structure  200  may be configured in a first operational mode or as a first input device, where the first input device may correspond to or may configure input structure  200  as a QWERTY keyboard  239 . Distinctly,  FIG. 15B  shows input structure  200  of electronic device  100  configured in a second operational mode or as a second input device, distinct from the first input device of input structure  200  shown in  FIG. 15A . Second operational mode or second input device of input structure  200  may correspond to or be configured as a track pad  248 . 
     Input structure  200  may be switched or toggled between the first input device and the second input device using a mode key  262 . As shown in  FIGS. 15A and 15B , mode key  262  included in electronic device  100  may be in electrical communication with input structure  200 . Based on a user&#39;s operational need for input structure  200 , mode key  262  may be used to toggle or switch input structure  200  between the first operational mode or first input device (e.g., QWERTY keyboard  239 ,  FIG. 15A ), and the second operational mode or second input device (e.g., track pad  248 ,  FIG. 15B ). Although shown in  FIGS. 15A and 15B  as being a button or key distinct from input structure  200 , it is understood that mode key  262  may be incorporated as an input key included in input structure  200 . 
     The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required in order to practice the described embodiments. For example, embodiments described herein could be incorporated into a mouse or other input device to provide afore-described functionality to such input devices. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of the specific embodiments described herein are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not targeted to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20170717
Publication Date: 20201006
Grant Date: 20201006
Priority Date: 20140930
Inventors: MORRELL, JOHN B.
HOPKINSON, Ron A.
ARNOLD, PETER M.
SILVANTO, MIKAEL M.
LEGGETT, WILLIAM F.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F3/0447", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/017", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0445", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1662", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04886", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/016", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04106", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1662", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0213", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/03547", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04102", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/03547", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04886", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/169", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/169", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/041", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0445", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0447", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/0213", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/017", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/016", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/03547", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04106", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/169", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/1662", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/044", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F2203/04102", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/041", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/04886", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 54325709