PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10860198-B2
Application Number: US-201313758971-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Portable electronic device, method, and graphical user interface for displaying electronic lists and documents

Abstract:
In a computer-implemented method, a portion of an electronic document is displayed on the touch screen display. The displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document. An object is detected on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. In response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, a vertical bar is displayed on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. After a predetermined condition is met, display of the vertical bar is ceased. The vertical bar is displayed for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method, comprising:
 at a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display:
 receiving a user input that corresponds to a request to display an electronic document; 
 
 in response to receiving the user input that corresponds to the request to display the electronic document:
 displaying a portion of the electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document; 
 
 displaying a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document for a predetermined time period, wherein the predetermined time period for displaying the vertical bar is based on the display of the portion of the electronic document in response to the request to display the electronic document, and wherein:
 the vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis is not covered by the vertical bar and is visible to a user; and 
 the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document; 
 
 ceasing to display the vertical bar immediately following the predetermined time period; after ceasing to display the vertical bar and while continuing to display the portion of the electronic document, detecting a movement of an object in a direction on the displayed portion of the electronic document; and 
 in response to detecting the movement: displaying the vertical bar;
 scrolling the electronic document displayed on the touch screen display in the direction of movement of the object so that a new portion of the electronic document is displayed, and 
 moving the vertical bar to a new vertical position such that the new vertical position corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed new portion of the electronic document, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent that is less than a vertical extent of the electronic document. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the object is a finger. 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the vertical bar is translucent. 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the movement of the object is on the touch screen display. 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis of the vertical bar is not covered by the vertical bar. 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein:
 a first portion of the electronic document is visible on a first side of the vertical bar in a first direction perpendicular to the major axis, and 
 a second portion of the electronic document is visible on a second side, opposite the first side, of the vertical bar in a second direction perpendicular to the major axis, the second direction opposite the first direction. 
 
     
     
       7. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the vertical bar is displayed on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document without detecting an object on the electronic document. 
     
     
       8. A portable multifunction device,
 comprising: a touch screen display; 
 one or more processors; 
 memory; and 
 one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for:
 receiving a user input that corresponds to a request to display an electronic document; 
 in response to receiving the user input that corresponds to the request to display the electronic document:
 displaying a portion of the electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document; 
 
 displaying a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document for a predetermined time period, wherein the predetermined time period for displaying the vertical bar is based on the display of the portion of the electronic document in response to the request to display the electronic document, and wherein:
 the vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis is not covered by the vertical bar and is visible to a user; and 
 the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document; 
 
 ceasing to display the vertical bar immediately following the predetermined time period; after ceasing to display the vertical bar and while continuing to display the portion of the electronic document, detecting a movement of an object in a direction on the displayed portion of the electronic document; and 
 
 in response to detecting the movement: displaying the vertical bar;
 scrolling the electronic document displayed on the touch screen display in the direction of movement of the object so that a new portion of the electronic document is displayed, and 
 moving the vertical bar to a new vertical position such that the new vertical position corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed new portion of the electronic document, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent that is less than a vertical extent of the electronic document. 
 
 
     
     
       9. The device of  claim 8 , wherein the object is a finger. 
     
     
       10. The device of  claim 8 , wherein the vertical bar is translucent. 
     
     
       11. The device of  claim 8 , wherein the movement of the object is on the touch screen display. 
     
     
       12. The device of  claim 8 , wherein the vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis of the vertical bar is not covered by the vertical bar. 
     
     
       13. The device of  claim 7 , wherein:
 a first portion of the electronic document is visible on a first side of the vertical bar in a first direction perpendicular to the major axis, and 
 a second portion of the electronic document is visible on a second side, opposite the first side, of the vertical bar in a second direction perpendicular to the major axis, the second direction opposite the first direction. 
 
     
     
       14. The device of  claim 8 , wherein the vertical bar is displayed on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document without detecting an object on the electronic document. 
     
     
       15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display, cause the device to:
 receive a user input that corresponds to a request to display an electronic document; 
 in response to receiving the user input that corresponds to the request to display the electronic document:
 display a portion of the electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document; 
 
 display a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document for a predetermined time period, wherein the predetermined time period for displaying the vertical bar is based on the display of the portion of the electronic document in response to the request to display the electronic document, and wherein:
 the vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis is not covered by the vertical bar and is visible to a user; and 
 the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document; 
 
 cease to display the vertical bar immediately following the predetermined time period; after ceasing to display the vertical bar and while continuing to display the portion of the electronic document, detect a movement of an object in a direction on the displayed portion of the electronic document; and 
 in response to detecting the movement: display the vertical bar;
 scroll the electronic document displayed on the touch screen display in the direction of movement of the object so that a new portion of the electronic document is displayed, and 
 move the vertical bar to a new vertical position such that the new vertical position corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed new portion of the electronic document, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent that is less than a vertical extent of the electronic document. 
 
 
     
     
       16. The computer readable storage medium of  claim 15 , wherein the object is a finger. 
     
     
       17. The computer readable storage medium of  claim 15 , wherein the vertical bar is translucent. 
     
     
       18. The computer readable storage medium of  claim 15 , wherein the movement of the object is on the touch screen display. 
     
     
       19. The computer readable storage medium of  claim 15 , wherein the vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis of the vertical bar is not covered by the vertical bar. 
     
     
       20. The computer readable storage medium of  claim 15 , wherein:
 a first portion of the electronic document is visible on a first side of the vertical bar in a first direction perpendicular to the major axis, and 
 a second portion of the electronic document is visible on a second side, opposite the first side, of the vertical bar in a second direction perpendicular to the major axis, the second direction opposite the first direction. 
 
     
     
       21. The computer readable storage medium of  claim 15 , wherein the vertical bar is displayed on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document without detecting an object on the electronic document.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/548,111, filed Jul. 12, 2012, entitled “Portable Electronic Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying Electronic Lists and Documents,” now U.S. Pat. No. 8,368,665, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/412,483, filed Mar. 5, 2012, entitled “Portable Electronic Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying Electronic Lists and Documents,” now U.S. Pat. No. 8,223,134, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/969,819, filed Jan. 4, 2008, entitled “Portable Electronic Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying Electronic Lists and Documents,” now U.S. Pat. No. 8,130,205, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 60/947,386, “Portable Electronic Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying Electronic Documents and Lists,” filed Jun. 29, 2007; 60/937,993, “Portable Multifunction Device,” filed Jun. 29, 2007; 60/879,469, “Portable Multifunction Device,” filed Jan. 8, 2007; and 60/879,253, “Portable Multifunction Device,” filed Jan. 7, 2007. All of these applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
     This application is related to the following applications: (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/188,182, “Touch Pad For Handheld Device,” filed Jul. 1, 2002; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/722,948, “Touch Pad For Handheld Device,” filed Nov. 25, 2003; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/643,256, “Movable Touch Pad With Added Functionality,” filed Aug. 18, 2003; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/654,108, “Ambidextrous Mouse,” filed Sep. 2, 2003; (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (6) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30, 2004; (7) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/057,050, “Display Actuator,” filed Feb. 11, 2005; (9) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/658,777, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device,” filed Mar. 4, 2005; (10) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device,” filed Mar. 3, 2006; (11) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/824,769, “Portable Multifunction Device,” filed Sep. 6, 2006; and (12) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/968,059, “Portable Electronic Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying Electronic Documents and Lists,” filed Dec. 31, 2007. All of these applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The disclosed embodiments relate generally to portable electronic devices, and more particularly, to portable devices that display portions of electronic documents and/or portions of lists of items. 
     BACKGROUND 
     As portable electronic devices become more compact, and the number of functions performed by a given device increase, it has become a significant challenge to design a user interface that allows users to easily interact with a multifunction device. This challenge is particular significant for handheld portable devices, which have much smaller screens than desktop or laptop computers. This situation is unfortunate because the user interface is the gateway through which users receive not only content but also responses to user actions or behaviors, including user attempts to access a device&#39;s features, tools, and functions. Some portable communication devices (e.g., mobile telephones, sometimes called mobile phones, cell phones, cellular telephones, and the like) have resorted to adding more pushbuttons, increasing the density of push buttons, overloading the functions of pushbuttons, or using complex menu systems to allow a user to access, store and manipulate data. These conventional user interfaces often result in complicated key sequences and menu hierarchies that must be memorized by the user. 
     Many conventional user interfaces, such as those that include physical pushbuttons, are also inflexible. This is unfortunate because it may prevent a user interface from being configured and/or adapted by either an application running on the portable device or by users. When coupled with the time consuming requirement to memorize multiple key sequences and menu hierarchies, and the difficulty in activating a desired pushbutton, such inflexibility is frustrating to most users. 
     In particular, when a conventional user interface on a portable device is used to display a portion of an electronic document or of a list of items, a user may not be able to tell the position in the document or list of the displayed portion. The user also may not be able to tell what fraction of the document or list corresponds to the displayed portion. Lacking this knowledge, the user may find viewing and navigating the document or list to be confusing and frustrating. In some portable devices, scroll bars are used to indicate the position in the document or list of the displayed portion. But scroll bars are fixed user interface features that take up valuable display screen area on an already small display screen. 
     Accordingly, there is a need for portable multifunction devices with more transparent and intuitive user interfaces for navigating portions of electronic documents and/or lists of items that are easy to use and that do not reduce the screen area available for the display of documents, lists, and other content. Such interfaces increase the effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction with portable multifunction devices. 
     SUMMARY 
     The above deficiencies and other problems associated with user interfaces for portable devices are reduced or eliminated by the disclosed portable multifunction device. In some embodiments, the device has a touch-sensitive display (also known as a “touch screen”) with a graphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors, memory and one or more modules, programs or sets of instructions stored in the memory for performing multiple functions. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the GUI primarily through finger contacts and gestures on the touch-sensitive display. In some embodiments, the functions may include telephoning, video conferencing, e-mailing, instant messaging, blogging, digital photographing, digital videoing, web browsing, digital music playing, and/or digital video playing. Instructions for performing these functions may be included in a computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors. 
     In one aspect of the invention, a computer-implemented method is used in conjunction with a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display. In the method, a portion of an electronic document is displayed on the touch screen display. The displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document and a horizontal position in the electronic document. An object is detected on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. In response to detecting the object, a vertical bar and a horizontal bar are displayed on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The horizontal bar has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the horizontal position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. After a predetermined condition is met, display of the vertical bar and of the horizontal bar is ceased. In some embodiments, the vertical bar and the horizontal bar are displayed for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a graphical user interface on a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises: a portion of an electronic document displayed on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document and a horizontal position in the electronic document; a vertical bar displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document; and a horizontal bar displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document. In response to detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, the vertical bar and the horizontal bar are displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The horizontal bar has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the horizontal position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar and the horizontal bar is ceased while continuing to display the displayed portion of the electronic document, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent and horizontal extent that are less than a vertical extent and horizontal extent of the electronic document, respectively. In some embodiments, the vertical bar and the horizontal bar are displayed for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a portable multifunction device comprises: a touch screen display; one or more processors; memory; and one or more programs. The one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors. The one or more programs include: instructions for displaying a portion of an electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document and a horizontal position in the electronic document; instructions for detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document; and instructions for displaying a vertical bar and a horizontal bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The horizontal bar has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the horizontal position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The one or more programs also include instructions for ceasing to display the vertical bar and the horizontal bar after a predetermined condition is met while continuing to display the displayed portion of the electronic document, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent and horizontal extent that are less than a vertical extent and horizontal extent of the electronic document, respectively. In some embodiments, the one or more programs also include instructions for displaying the vertical bar and the horizontal bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs. The one or more programs include instructions, which when executed by a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display, cause the device to: display a portion of an electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document and a horizontal position in the electronic document; detect an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document; and display a vertical bar and a horizontal bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The horizontal bar has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the horizontal position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The instructions also cause the device to cease to display the vertical bar and the horizontal bar after a predetermined condition is met while continuing to display the displayed portion of the electronic document, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent and horizontal extent that are less than a vertical extent and horizontal extent of the electronic document, respectively. In some embodiments, the instructions also cause the device to display the vertical bar and the horizontal bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises: means for displaying a portion of an electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document and a horizontal position in the electronic document; means for detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document; and means for displaying a vertical bar and a horizontal bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The horizontal bar has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the horizontal position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The device also comprises means for ceasing to display the vertical bar and the horizontal bar after a predetermined condition is met while continuing to display the displayed portion of the electronic document, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent and horizontal extent that are less than a vertical extent and horizontal extent of the electronic document, respectively. In some embodiments, the device also comprises means for displaying the vertical bar and the horizontal bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a computer-implemented method is used in conjunction with a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display. In the method a portion of a list of items is displayed on the touch screen display. The displayed portion of the list has a vertical position in the list. An object is detected on or near the displayed portion of the list. In response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the list, a vertical bar is displayed on top of the displayed portion of the list. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. After a predetermined condition is met, display of the vertical bar is ceased while continuing to display the displayed portion of the electronic document, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent less than a vertical extent of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the vertical bar is displayed for a predetermined time period when the portion of the list is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a graphical user interface on a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises: a portion of a list of items displayed on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the list has a vertical position in the list; and a vertical bar displayed on top of the portion of the list of items. In response to detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the list, the vertical bar is displayed on top of the portion of the list of items. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar is ceased. In some embodiments, the vertical bar is displayed for a predetermined time period when the portion of the list is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a portable multifunction device comprises: a touch screen display; one or more processors; memory; and one or more programs. The one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors. The one or more programs include: instructions for displaying a portion of a list of items on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the list has a vertical position in the list; instructions for detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the list; instructions for displaying a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the list in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the list, wherein the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list; and instructions for ceasing to display the vertical bar after a predetermined condition is met. In some embodiments, the one or more programs also include instructions for displaying the vertical bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the list is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs. The one or more programs include instructions, which when executed by a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display, cause the device to: display a portion of a list of items on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the list has a vertical position in the list; detect an object on or near the displayed portion of the list; display a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the list in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the list, wherein the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list; and cease to display the vertical bar after a predetermined condition is met. In some embodiments, the instructions cause the device to display the vertical bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the list is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises: means for displaying a portion of a list of items on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the list has a vertical position in the list; means for detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the list; means for displaying a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the list in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the list, wherein the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list; and means for ceasing to display the vertical bar after a predetermined condition is met. In some embodiments, the device also comprises means for displaying the vertical bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the list is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a computer-implemented method is used in conjunction with a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display. In the method, a portion of an electronic document is displayed on the touch screen display. The displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document. An object is detected on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. In response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, a vertical bar is displayed on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. After a predetermined condition is met, display of the vertical bar is ceased. In some embodiments, the vertical bar is displayed for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a graphical user interface on a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises: a portion of an electronic document displayed on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document; and a vertical bar displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document. In response to detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, the vertical bar is displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar is ceased. In some embodiments, the vertical bar is displayed for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a portable multifunction device comprises: a touch screen display; one or more processors; memory; and one or more programs. The one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors. The one or more programs include: instructions for displaying a portion of an electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document; instructions for detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document; instructions for displaying a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, wherein the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document; and instructions for ceasing to display the vertical bar after a predetermined condition is met. In some embodiments, the one or more programs include instructions for displaying the vertical bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs. The one or more programs include instructions, which when executed by a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display, cause the device to: display a portion of an electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document; detect an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document; display a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, wherein the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document; and cease to display the vertical bar after a predetermined condition is met. In some embodiments, the instructions cause the device to display the vertical bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     In another aspect of the invention, a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises: means for displaying a portion of an electronic document on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document; means for detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document; means for displaying a vertical bar on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document in response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, wherein the vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document; and means for ceasing to display the vertical bar after a predetermined condition is met. In some embodiments, the device includes means for displaying the vertical bar for a predetermined time period when the portion of the electronic document is initially displayed. 
     The disclosed embodiments allow a user to understand what portion of an electronic document or list of items is being displayed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a better understanding of the aforementioned embodiments of the invention as well as additional embodiments thereof, reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures. 
         FIGS. 1A and 1B  are block diagrams illustrating portable multifunction devices with touch-sensitive displays in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screen in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an exemplary user interface for unlocking a portable electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 4A and 4B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates an exemplary user interface for listing instant message conversations on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 6A-6K  illustrate an exemplary user interface for inputting text for an instant message in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 7A and 7B  illustrate an exemplary user interface for a contact list in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a camera in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a camera roll in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 10A-10C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for viewing and manipulating acquired images in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 11A and 11B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for viewing albums in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 12  illustrates an exemplary user interface for viewing an album in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 13A and 13B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for viewing images in an album in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 14A-14C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for organizing and managing videos in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 15A-15D  illustrate an exemplary user interface for displaying and managing recent calls in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 16A-16D  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for voicemail in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 17  illustrates an exemplary user interface for organizing and managing email in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 18A-18C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for creating emails in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 19A-19I  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for displaying and managing an inbox in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 19J  illustrates an exemplary user interface for setting email user preferences in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 20A-20G  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a browser in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 21A-21I  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a music and video player in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 22A-22E  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a calendar in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 23A  is a flow diagram illustrating a process of displaying a portion of a list of items in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 23B and 23C  are flow diagrams illustrating processes of displaying a portion of an electronic document in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first gesture could be termed a second gesture, and, similarly, a second gesture could be termed a first gesture, without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
     The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the description of the invention and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     Embodiments of a portable multifunction device, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device such as a mobile telephone that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. 
     The user interface may include a physical click wheel in addition to a touch screen or a virtual click wheel displayed on the touch screen. A click wheel is a user-interface device that may provide navigation commands based on an angular displacement of the wheel or a point of contact with the wheel by a user of the device. A click wheel may also be used to provide a user command corresponding to selection of one or more items, for example, when the user of the device presses down on at least a portion of the wheel or the center of the wheel. Alternatively, breaking contact with a click wheel image on a touch screen surface may indicate a user command corresponding to selection. For simplicity, in the discussion that follows, a portable multifunction device that includes a touch screen is used as an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood, however, that some of the user interfaces and associated processes may be applied to other devices, such as personal computers and laptop computers, that may include one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical click wheel, a physical keyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick. 
     The device supports a variety of applications, such as a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a blogging application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that may be executed on the device may use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch screen. One or more functions of the touch screen as well as corresponding information displayed on the device may be adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch screen) of the device may support the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent. 
     The user interfaces may include one or more soft keyboard embodiments. The soft keyboard embodiments may include standard (QWERTY) and/or non-standard configurations of symbols on the displayed icons of the keyboard, such as those described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/459,606, “Keyboards For Portable Electronic Devices,” filed Jul. 24, 2006, and Ser. No. 11/459,615, “Touch Screen Keyboards For Portable Electronic Devices,” filed Jul. 24, 2006, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. The keyboard embodiments may include a reduced number of icons (or soft keys) relative to the number of keys in existing physical keyboards, such as that for a typewriter. This may make it easier for users to select one or more icons in the keyboard, and thus, one or more corresponding symbols. The keyboard embodiments may be adaptive. For example, displayed icons may be modified in accordance with user actions, such as selecting one or more icons and/or one or more corresponding symbols. One or more applications on the portable device may utilize common and/or different keyboard embodiments. Thus, the keyboard embodiment used may be tailored to at least some of the applications. In some embodiments, one or more keyboard embodiments may be tailored to a respective user. For example, one or more keyboard embodiments may be tailored to a respective user based on a word usage history (lexicography, slang, individual usage) of the respective user. Some of the keyboard embodiments may be adjusted to reduce a probability of a user error when selecting one or more icons, and thus one or more symbols, when using the soft keyboard embodiments. 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of the device.  FIGS. 1A and 1B  are block diagrams illustrating portable multifunction devices  100  with touch-sensitive displays  112  in accordance with some embodiments. The touch-sensitive display  112  is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and may also be known as or called a touch-sensitive display system. The device  100  may include a memory  102  (which may include one or more computer readable storage mediums), a memory controller  122 , one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  120 , a peripherals interface  118 , RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , a speaker  111 , a microphone  113 , an input/output (I/O) subsystem  106 , other input or control devices  116 , and an external port  124 . The device  100  may include one or more optical sensors  164 . These components may communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  103 . 
     It should be appreciated that the device  100  is only one example of a portable multifunction device  100 , and that the device  100  may have more or fewer components than shown, may combine two or more components, or a may have a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B  may be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  102  may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  102  by other components of the device  100 , such as the CPU  120  and the peripherals interface  118 , may be controlled by the memory controller  122 . 
     The peripherals interface  118  couples the input and output peripherals of the device to the CPU  120  and memory  102 . The one or more processors  120  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  102  to perform various functions for the device  100  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, the peripherals interface  118 , the CPU  120 , and the memory controller  122  may be implemented on a single chip, such as a chip  104 . In some other embodiments, they may be implemented on separate chips. 
     The RF (radio frequency) circuitry  108  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. The RF circuitry  108  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. The RF circuitry  108  may include well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. The RF circuitry  108  may communicate with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication may use any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for email (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), and/or Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS)), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     The audio circuitry  110 , the speaker  111 , and the microphone  113  provide an audio interface between a user and the device  100 . The audio circuitry  110  receives audio data from the peripherals interface  118 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the speaker  111 . The speaker  111  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. The audio circuitry  110  also receives electrical signals converted by the microphone  113  from sound waves. The audio circuitry  110  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to the peripherals interface  118  for processing. Audio data may be retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  102  and/or the RF circuitry  108  by the peripherals interface  118 . In some embodiments, the audio circuitry  110  also includes a headset jack (e.g.  212 ,  FIG. 2 ). The headset jack provides an interface between the audio circuitry  110  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     The I/O subsystem  106  couples input/output peripherals on the device  100 , such as the touch screen  112  and other input/control devices  116 , to the peripherals interface  118 . The I/O subsystem  106  may include a display controller  156  and one or more input controllers  160  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  160  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  116 . The other input/control devices  116  may include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  160  may be coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  208 ,  FIG. 2 ) may include an up/down button for volume control of the speaker  111  and/or the microphone  113 . The one or more buttons may include a push button (e.g.,  206 ,  FIG. 2 ). A quick press of the push button may disengage a lock of the touch screen  112  or begin a process that uses gestures on the touch screen to unlock the device, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549, “Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A longer press of the push button (e.g.,  206 ) may turn power to the device  100  on or off. The user may be able to customize a functionality of one or more of the buttons. The touch screen  112  is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more soft keyboards. 
     The touch-sensitive touch screen  112  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. The display controller  156  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to the touch screen  112 . The touch screen  112  displays visual output to the user. The visual output may include graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output may correspond to user-interface objects, further details of which are described below. 
     A touch screen  112  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. The touch screen  112  and the display controller  156  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on the touch screen  112  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on the touch screen. In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between a touch screen  112  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     The touch screen  112  may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, or LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, although other display technologies may be used in other embodiments. The touch screen  112  and the display controller  156  may detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with a touch screen  112 . 
     A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of the touch screen  112  may be analogous to the multi-touch sensitive tablets described in the following U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and/or U.S. Pat. No. 6,677,932 (Westerman), and/or U.S. Patent Publication 2002/0015024A1, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. However, a touch screen  112  displays visual output from the portable device  100 , whereas touch sensitive tablets do not provide visual output. 
     A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of the touch screen  112  may be as described in the following applications: (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/381,313, “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller,” filed May 2, 2006; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30, 2004; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/048,264, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (6) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,758, “Virtual Input Device Placement On A Touch Screen User Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (7) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,700, “Operation Of A Computer With A Touch Screen Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,737, “Activating Virtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen Virtual Keyboard,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; and (9) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device,” filed Mar. 3, 2006. All of these applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
     The touch screen  112  may have a resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In an exemplary embodiment, the touch screen has a resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user may make contact with the touch screen  112  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which are much less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, the device  100  may include a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the touch screen  112  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     In some embodiments, the device  100  may include a physical or virtual click wheel as an input control device  116 . A user may navigate among and interact with one or more graphical objects (henceforth referred to as icons) displayed in the touch screen  112  by rotating the click wheel or by moving a point of contact with the click wheel (e.g., where the amount of movement of the point of contact is measured by its angular displacement with respect to a center point of the click wheel). The click wheel may also be used to select one or more of the displayed icons. For example, the user may press down on at least a portion of the click wheel or an associated button. User commands and navigation commands provided by the user via the click wheel may be processed by an input controller  160  as well as one or more of the modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 . For a virtual click wheel, the click wheel and click wheel controller may be part of the touch screen  112  and the display controller  156 , respectively. For a virtual click wheel, the click wheel may be either an opaque or semitransparent object that appears and disappears on the touch screen display in response to user interaction with the device. In some embodiments, a virtual click wheel is displayed on the touch screen of a portable multifunction device and operated by user contact with the touch screen. 
     The device  100  also includes a power system  162  for powering the various components. The power system  162  may include a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     The device  100  may also include one or more optical sensors  164 .  FIGS. 1A and 1B  show an optical sensor coupled to an optical sensor controller  158  in I/O subsystem  106 . The optical sensor  164  may include charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. The optical sensor  164  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with an imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), the optical sensor  164  may capture still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of the device  100 , opposite the touch screen display  112  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display may be used as a viewfinder for either still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image may be obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the position of the optical sensor  164  can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and the sensor in the device housing) so that a single optical sensor  164  may be used along with the touch screen display for both video conferencing and still and/or video image acquisition. 
     The device  100  may also include one or more proximity sensors  166 .  FIGS. 1A and 1B  show a proximity sensor  166  coupled to the peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, the proximity sensor  166  may be coupled to an input controller  160  in the I/O subsystem  106 . The proximity sensor  166  may perform as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/241,839, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device,” filed Sep. 30, 2005; Ser. No. 11/240,788, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device,” filed Sep. 30, 2005; Ser. No. 11/620,702, “Using Ambient Light Sensor To Augment Proximity Sensor Output”; Ser. No. 11/586,862, “Automated Response To And Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices,” filed Oct. 24, 2006; and Ser. No. 11/638,251, “Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration Of Peripherals,” which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables the touch screen  112  when the multifunction device is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). In some embodiments, the proximity sensor keeps the screen off when the device is in the user&#39;s pocket, purse, or other dark area to prevent unnecessary battery drainage when the device is a locked state. 
     The device  100  may also include one or more accelerometers  168 .  FIGS. 1A and 1B  show an accelerometer  168  coupled to the peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, the accelerometer  168  may be coupled to an input controller  160  in the I/O subsystem  106 . The accelerometer  168  may perform as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 20050190059, “Acceleration-based Theft Detection System for Portable Electronic Devices,” and U.S. Patent Publication No. 20060017692, “Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable Device Based On An Accelerometer,” both of which are which are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  102  may include an operating system  126 , a communication module (or set of instructions)  128 , a contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  130 , a graphics module (or set of instructions)  132 , a text input module (or set of instructions)  134 , a Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  135 , and applications (or set of instructions)  136 . 
     The operating system  126  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     The communication module  128  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  124  and also includes various software components for handling data received by the RF circuitry  108  and/or the external port  124 . The external port  124  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the 30-pin connector used on iPod (trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.) devices. 
     The contact/motion module  130  may detect contact with the touch screen  112  (in conjunction with the display controller  156 ) and other touch sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). The contact/motion module  130  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred, determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch screen  112 , and determining if the contact has been broken (i.e., if the contact has ceased). Determining movement of the point of contact may include determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations may be applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, the contact/motion module  130  and the display controller  156  also detects contact on a touchpad. In some embodiments, the contact/motion module  130  and the controller  160  detects contact on a click wheel. 
     The graphics module  132  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on the touch screen  112 , including components for changing the intensity of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. An animation in this context is a display of a sequence of images that gives the appearance of movement, and informs the user of an action that has been performed (such as moving an email message to a folder). In this context, a respective animation that confirms an action by the user of the device typically takes a predefined, finite amount of time, such as an amount of time between 0.2 and 1.0 seconds, or between 0.5 and 2.0 seconds, depending on the context. 
     The text input module  134 , which may be a component of graphics module  132 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  137 , e-mail  140 , IM  141 , blogging  142 , browser  147 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     The GPS module  135  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone  138  for use in location-based dialing, to camera  143  and/or blogger  142  as picture/video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets). 
     The applications  136  may include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
         a contacts module  137  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   a telephone module  138 ;   a video conferencing module  139 ;   an e-mail client module  140 ;   an instant messaging (IM) module  141 ;   a blogging module  142 ;   a camera module  143  for still and/or video images;   an image management module  144 ;   a video player module  145 ;   a music player module  146 ;   a browser module  147 ;   a calendar module  148 ;   widget modules  149 , which may include weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , dictionary widget  149 - 5 , and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   widget creator module  150  for making user-created widgets  149 - 6 ;   search module  151 ;   video and music player module  152 , which merges video player module  145  and music player module  146 ;   notes module  153 ; and/or   map module  154 .       

     Examples of other applications  136  that may be stored in memory  102  include other word processing applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the contacts module  137  may be used to manage an address book or contact list, including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  138 , video conference  139 , e-mail  140 , or IM  141 ; and so forth. Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using contacts module  137  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the telephone module  138  may be used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in the address book  137 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication may use any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies. Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using telephone module  138  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , contact list  137 , and telephone module  138 , the videoconferencing module  139  may be used to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the e-mail client module  140  may be used to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail. In conjunction with image management module  144 , the e-mail module  140  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  143 . Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using e-mail module  140  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the instant messaging module  141  may be used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages may include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS). Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using instant messaging module  141  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , image management module  144 , and browsing module  147 , the blogging module  142  may be used to send text, still images, video, and/or other graphics to a blog (e.g., the user&#39;s blog). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and image management module  144 , the camera module  143  may be used to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  102 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory  102 . Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using camera module  143  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and camera module  143 , the image management module  144  may be used to arrange, modify or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using image management module  144  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , and speaker  111 , the video player module  145  may be used to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  124 ). Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using video player module  145  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , and browser module  147 , the music player module  146  allows the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files. In some embodiments, the device  100  may include the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.). Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using music player module  146  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the browser module  147  may be used to browse the Internet, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using browser module  147  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , e-mail module  140 , and browser module  147 , the calendar module  148  may be used to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to do lists, etc.). Embodiments of user interfaces and associated processes using calendar module  148  are described further below. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget modules  149  are mini-applications that may be downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget  149 - 1 , stocks widget  149 - 2 , calculator widget  149 - 3 , alarm clock widget  149 - 4 , and dictionary widget  149 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget  149 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the widget creator module  150  may be used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the search module  151  may be used to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  102  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the notes module  153  may be used to create and manage notes, to do lists, and the like. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch screen  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , and browser module  147 , the map module  154  may be used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location; and other location-based data). 
     Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to a set of instructions for performing one or more functions described above. These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. For example, video player module  145  may be combined with music player module  146  into a single module (e.g., video and music player module  152 ,  FIG. 1B ). In some embodiments, memory  102  may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  102  may store additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, the device  100  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen  112  and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input/control device for operation of the device  100 , the number of physical input/control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on the device  100  may be reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that may be performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates the device  100  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that may be displayed on the device  100 . In such embodiments, the touchpad may be referred to as a “menu button.” In some other embodiments, the menu button may be a physical push button or other physical input/control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a portable multifunction device  100  having a touch screen  112  in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screen may display one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  200 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user may select one or more of the graphics by making contact or touching the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  202  (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the contact may include a gesture, such as one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward) and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with the device  100 . In some embodiments, inadvertent contact with a graphic may not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon may not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap. 
     The device  100  may also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  204 . As described previously, the menu button  204  may be used to navigate to any application  136  in a set of applications that may be executed on the device  100 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI in touch screen  112 . 
     In one embodiment, the device  100  includes a touch screen  112 , a menu button  204 , a push button  206  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  208 , a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  210 , a head set jack  212 , and a docking/charging external port  124 . The push button  206  may be used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, the device  100  also may accept verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through the microphone  113 . 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) and associated processes that may be implemented on a portable multifunction device  100 . 
       FIG. 3  illustrates an exemplary user interface for unlocking a portable electronic device in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  300  includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof: 
     Unlock image  302  that is moved with a finger gesture to unlock the device; 
     Arrow  304  that provides a visual cue to the unlock gesture; 
     Channel  306  that provides additional cues to the unlock gesture; 
     Time  308 ; 
     Day  310 ; 
     Date  312 ; and 
     Wallpaper image  314 . 
     In some embodiments, the device detects contact with the touch-sensitive display (e.g., a user&#39;s finger making contact on or near the unlock image  302 ) while the device is in a user-interface lock state. The device moves the unlock image  302  in accordance with the contact. The device transitions to a user-interface unlock state if the detected contact corresponds to a predefined gesture, such as moving the unlock image across channel  306 . Conversely, the device maintains the user-interface lock state if the detected contact does not correspond to the predefined gesture. As noted above, processes that use gestures on the touch screen to unlock the device are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549, “Unlocking A Device By Performing Gestures On An Unlock Image,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, and Ser. No. 11/322,550, “Indication Of Progress Towards Satisfaction Of A User Input Condition,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
       FIGS. 4A and 4B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  400 A includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Signal strength indicator(s)  402  for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;   Time  404 ;   Battery status indicator  406 ;   Tray  408  with icons for frequently used applications, such as one or more of the following:
           Phone  138 , which may include an indicator  414  of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages;   E-mail client  140 , which may include an indicator  410  of the number of unread e-mails;   Browser  147 ; and   Music player  146 ; and   
           Icons for other applications, such as one or more of the following:
           IM  141 ;   Image management  144 ;   Camera  143 ;   Video player  145 ;   Weather  149 - 1 ;   Stocks  149 - 2 ;   Blog  142 ;   Calendar  148 ;   Calculator  149 - 3 ;   Alarm clock  149 - 4 ;   Dictionary  149 - 5 ; and   User-created widget  149 - 6 .   
               

     In some embodiments, user interface  400 B includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  141 ,  148 ,  144 ,  143 ,  149 - 3 ,  149 - 2 ,  149 - 1 ,  149 - 4 ,  410 ,  414 ,  138 ,  140 , and  147 , as described above;   Map  154 ;   Notes  153 ;   Settings  412 , which provides access to settings for the device  100  and its various applications  136 , as described further below; and   Video and music player module  152 , also referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.) module  152 .       

     In some embodiments, UI  400 A or  400 B displays all of the available applications  136  on one screen so that there is no need to scroll through a list of applications (e.g., via a scroll bar). In some embodiments, as the number of applications increase, the icons corresponding to the applications may decrease in size so that all applications may be displayed on a single screen without scrolling. In some embodiments, having all applications on one screen and a menu button enables a user to access any desired application with at most two inputs, such as activating the menu button  204  and then activating the desired application (e.g., by a tap or other finger gesture on the icon corresponding to the application). 
     In some embodiments, UI  400 A or  400 B provides integrated access to both widget-based applications and non-widget-based applications. In some embodiments, all of the widgets, whether user-created or not, are displayed in UI  400 A or  400 B. In other embodiments, activating the icon for user-created widget  149 - 6  may lead to another UI that contains the user-created widgets or icons corresponding to the user-created widgets. 
     In some embodiments, a user may rearrange the icons in UI  400 A or  400 B, e.g., using processes described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/459,602, “Portable Electronic Device With Interface Reconfiguration Mode,” filed Jul. 24, 2006, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. For example, a user may move application icons in and out of tray  408  using finger gestures. 
     In some embodiments, UI  400 A or  400 B includes a gauge (not shown) that displays an updated account usage metric for an account associated with usage of the device (e.g., a cellular phone account), as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,552, “Account Information Display For Portable Communication Device,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates an exemplary user interface for listing instant message conversations on a portable multifunction device in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  500  includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   “Instant Messages” or other similar label  502 :   Names  504  of the people a user is having instant message conversations with (e.g., Jane Doe  504 - 1 ) or the phone number if the person&#39;s name is not available (e.g.,  408 - 123 - 4567   504 - 3 );   Text  506  of the last message in the conversation;   Date  508  and/or time of the last message in the conversation;   Selection icon  510  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transition to a UI for the corresponding conversation (e.g.,  FIG. 6A  for Jane Doe  504 - 1 );   Edit icon  512  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transition to a UI for deleting conversations;   Create message icon  514  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transition to the users contact list (e.g.,  FIG. 7A ); and   Vertical bar  516  that helps a user understand what portion of the list of instant message conversations is being displayed.       

     In some embodiments, the name  504  used for an instant message conversation is determined by finding an entry in the user&#39;s contact list  137  that contains the phone number used for the instant message conversation. If no such entry is found, then just the phone number is displayed (e.g.,  504 - 3 ). In some embodiments, if the other party sends messages from two or more different phone numbers, the messages may appear as a single conversation under a single name if all of the phone numbers used are found in the same entry (i.e., the entry for the other party) in the user&#39;s contact list  137 . 
     Automatically grouping the instant messages into “conversations” (instant message exchanges with the same user or the same phone number) makes it easier for the user to carry on and keep track of instant message exchanges with multiple parties. 
     In some embodiments, vertical bar  516  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the list of instant message conversations). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  516  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  516  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the list being displayed. In some embodiments, if the entire list of IM conversations can be displayed simultaneously on the touch screen  112 , the vertical bar  516  is not displayed. In some embodiments, if the entire list of IM conversations can be displayed simultaneously on the touch screen  112 , the vertical bar  516  is displayed with a length that corresponds to the length of the list display area (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 5 ). 
       FIGS. 6A-6K  illustrate an exemplary user interface for inputting text for an instant message in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, user interface  600 A includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   Name  504  corresponding to the phone number used in the instant message conversation (or the phone number itself if the name is not available);   Instant messages icon  602  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transition to a UI listing instant message conversations (e.g., UI  500 );   Instant messages  604  from the other party, typically listed in order along one side of UI  600 A;   Instant messages  606  to the other party, typically listed in order along the opposite side of UI  600 A to show the back and forth interplay of messages in the conversation;   Timestamps  608  for at least some of the instant messages;   Text entry box  612 ;   Send icon  614  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates sending of the message in text box  612  to the other party (e.g., Jane Doe  504 - 1 );   Letter keyboard  616  for entering text in box  612 ;   Alternate keyboard selector icon  618  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates the display of a different keyboard (e.g.,  624 ,  FIG. 6C );   Send icon  620  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates sending of the message in text box  612  to the other party (e.g., Jane Doe  504 - 1 );   Shift key  628  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) capitalizes the next letter chosen on letter keyboard  616 ; and   Vertical bar  630  that helps a user understand what portion of the list of instant messages in an IM conversation is being displayed.       

     In some embodiments, a user can scroll through the message conversation (comprised of messages  604  and  606 ) by applying a vertical swipe gesture  610  to the area displaying the conversation. In some embodiments, a vertically downward gesture scrolls the conversation downward, thereby showing older messages in the conversation. In some embodiments, a vertically upward gesture scrolls the conversation upward, thereby showing newer, more recent messages in the conversation. In some embodiments, as noted above, the last message in the conversation (e.g.,  606 - 2 ) is displayed in the list of instant messages  500  (e.g.,  506 - 1 ). 
     In some embodiments, keys in keyboards  616  ( FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6E-6K ),  624  ( FIG. 6C ), and/or  639  ( FIG. 6D ) briefly change shade and/or color when touched/activated by a user to help the user learn to activate the desired keys. 
     In some embodiments, vertical bar  630  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the list of instant messages). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  630  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  630  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the list being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 6A , the vertical position of the vertical bar  630  indicates that the bottom of the list of messages is being displayed (which correspond to the most recent messages) and the vertical length of the vertical bar  630  indicates that roughly half of the messages in the conversation are being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, user interface  600 B includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  504 ,  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 ,  618 ,  620 , and  630  as described above; and   word suggestion area  622  that provides a list of possible words to complete the word fragment being typed by the user in box  612 .       

     In some embodiments, the word suggestion area does not appear in UI  600 B until after a predefined time delay (e.g., 2-3 seconds) in text being entered by the user. In some embodiments, the word suggestion area is not used or can be turned off by the user. 
     In some embodiments, user interface  600 C includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  612 ,  614 ,  620 , and  622  as described above;   Alternate keyboard  624 , which may be made up primarily of digits and punctuation, with frequently used punctuation keys (e.g., period key  631 , comma key  633 , question mark key  635 , and exclamation point key  637 ) made larger than the other keys;   Letter keyboard selector icon  626  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates the display of a letter keyboard (e.g.,  616 ,  FIG. 6A ); and   Shift key  628  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of yet another keyboard (e.g.,  639 ,  FIG. 6D ).       

     In some embodiments, keeping the period key  631  near keyboard selector icon  626  reduces the distance that a user&#39;s finger needs to travel to enter the oft-used period. 
     In some embodiments, user interface  600 D includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  504 ,  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  612 ,  614 ,  620 ,  622 ,  626 ,  628  as described above; and   Another alternate keyboard  639 , which may be made up primarily of symbols and punctuation, with frequently used punctuation keys (e.g., period key  631 , comma key  633 , question mark key  635 , and exclamation point key  637 ) made larger than the other keys.       

     In some embodiments, user interface  600 E includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  504 ,  602 ,  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 ,  618 , and  620 , as described above; and   New instant message  606 - 3  sent to the other party.       

     In some embodiments, when the user activates a send key (e.g., either  614  or  620 ), the text in text box  612  “pops” or otherwise comes out of the box and becomes part of the string of user messages  606  to the other party. The black arrows in  FIG. 6E  illustrate an animated formation of a quote bubble  606 - 3 . In some embodiments, the size of the quote bubble scales with the size of the message. In some embodiments, a sound is also made when the message is sent, such as a droplet sound, to notify the user. 
     In some embodiments, user interface  600 F includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 ,  618 ,  620 , and  628 , as described above;   Recipient input field  632  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the field) receives and displays the phone number of the recipient of the instant message (or the recipient&#39;s name if the recipient is already in the user&#39;s contact list);   Add recipient icon  634  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates the display of a scrollable list of contacts (e.g.,  638 ,  FIG. 6G ); and   Cancel icon  636  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) cancels the new instant message.       

     In some embodiments, user interface  600 G includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 ,  618 ,  620 ,  628 ,  632 ,  634 , and  636 , as described above;   Scrollable list  638  of contacts that match the input in recipient input field  632 ; and   Vertical bar  640  that helps a user understand how many items in the contact list that match the input in recipient input field  632  are being displayed.       

     In some embodiments, list  638  contains contacts that match the input in recipient input field  632 . For example, if the letter “v” is input, then contacts with either a first name or last name beginning with “v” are shown. If the letters “va” are input in field  632 , then the list of contacts is narrowed to contacts with either a first name or last name beginning with “va”, and so on until one of the displayed contacts is selected (e.g., by a tap on a contact in the list  638 ). 
     In some embodiments, a user can scroll through the list  638  by applying a vertical swipe gesture  642  to the area displaying the list  638 . In some embodiments, a vertically downward gesture scrolls the list downward and a vertically upward gesture scrolls the list upward. 
     In some embodiments, vertical bar  640  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the list  638 ). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  640  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  640  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the list being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, user interfaces  600 H and  600 I include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 ,  618 ,  620 ,  628 ,  632 ,  634 , and  636 , as described above;   Suggested word  644  adjacent to the word being input;   Suggested word  646  in the space bar in keyboard  616 ; and/or   Insertion marker  656  (e.g., a cursor, insertion bar, insertion point, or pointer).       

     In some embodiments, activating suggested word  644  (e.g., by a finger tap on the suggested word) replaces the word being typed with the suggested word  644 . In some embodiments, activating suggested word  646  (e.g., by a finger tap on the space bar) replaces the word being typed with the suggested word  646 . In some embodiments, a user can set whether suggested words  644  and/or  646  are shown (e.g., by setting a user preference). 
     In some embodiments, a letter is enlarged briefly after it is selected (e.g., “N” is enlarged briefly after typing “din” in  FIG. 6H ) to provide feedback to the user. 
     In some embodiments, user interfaces  600 J and  600 K include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  612 ,  614 ,  616 ,  618 ,  620 ,  628 ,  632 ,  634 ,  636 , and  656  as described above; and   Expanded portion  650  of graphics that helps a user adjust the position of an expanded insertion marker  657  (sometimes called an “insertion point magnifier”); and   Expanded insertion marker  657 .       

     In some embodiments, a finger contact  648 - 1  on or near the insertion marker  656  initiates display of insertion point magnifier  650  and expanded insertion marker  657 - 1 . In some embodiments, as the finger contact is moved on the touch screen (e.g., to position  648 - 2 ), there is corresponding motion of the expanded insertion marker (e.g., to  657 - 2 ) and the insertion point magnifier  650 . Thus, the insertion point magnifier  650  provides an efficient way to position a cursor or other insertion marker using finger input on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the magnifier  650  remains visible and can be repositioned as long as continuous contact is maintained with the touch screen (e.g., from  648 - 1  to  648 - 2  to even  648 - 3 ). 
     In some embodiments, a portable electronic device displays graphics and an insertion marker (e.g., marker  656 ,  FIG. 6I ) at a first location in the graphics on a touch screen display (e.g.,  FIG. 6I ). In some embodiments, the insertion marker  656  is a cursor, insertion bar, insertion point, or pointer. In some embodiments, the graphics comprise text (e.g., text in box  612 ,  FIG. 6I ). 
     A finger contact is detected with the touch screen display (e.g., contact  648 - 1 ,  FIG. 6I ). In some embodiments, the location of the finger contact is proximate to the location of the insertion marker. In some embodiments, the location of the finger contact is anywhere within a text entry area (e.g., box  612 ,  FIG. 6I ). 
     In response to the detected finger contact, the insertion marker is expanded from a first size (e.g., marker  656 ,  FIG. 6I ) to a second size (e.g., marker  657 - 1 ,  FIG. 6J ) on the touch screen display, and a portion (e.g., portion  650 - 1 ,  FIG. 6J ) of the graphics on the touch screen display is expanded from an original size to an expanded size. 
     In some embodiments, the portion of the graphics that is expanded includes the insertion marker and adjacent graphics. In some embodiments, after the insertion point and the portion of the graphics are expanded, graphics are displayed that include the insertion marker and adjacent graphics at the original size and at the expanded size. 
     Movement of the finger contact is detected on the touch screen display (e.g., from  648 - 1  to  648 - 2 ,  FIG. 6J ). 
     The expanded insertion marker is moved in accordance with the detected movement of the finger contact from the first location (e.g.,  657 - 1 ,  FIG. 6J ) to a second location in the graphics (e.g.,  657 - 2 ,  FIG. 6J ). 
     In some embodiments, the portion of the graphics that is expanded changes as the insertion marker moves from the first location to the second location (e.g., from  650 - 1  to  650 - 2 ,  FIG. 6J ). In some embodiments, the portion of the graphics that is expanded is displayed in a predefined shape. In some embodiments the portion (e.g.,  650 ,  FIG. 6J ) of the graphics that is expanded is displayed in a circle. In some embodiments, the expanded insertion marker  657  is within the circle. 
     In some embodiments, the detected movement of the finger contact has a horizontal component on the touch screen display and a vertical component on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, moving the expanded insertion marker  657  in accordance with the detected movement of the finger contact includes moving the expanded insertion marker and the expanded portion of the graphics in accordance with the horizontal component of motion of the finger contact if the finger contact moves outside a text entry area without breaking contact. For example, in  FIG. 6I , if the finger contact moves from  648 - 2  (inside the text entry area  612 ) to  648 - 3  (in the keyboard area), the expanded insertion point  657  and the expanded portion  650  of the graphics may move horizontally along the lower portion of the text entry area in accordance with the horizontal component of the movement from  648 - 2  to  648 - 3  (not shown). 
     In some embodiments, moving the expanded insertion marker in accordance with the detected movement of the finger contact includes moving the expanded insertion marker in a first area of the touch screen that includes characters entered using a soft keyboard (e.g., text box  612 ,  FIG. 6J ), wherein the soft keyboard is located in a second area of the touch screen that is separate from the first area (e.g., keyboard  616 ,  FIG. 6J ). 
     In some embodiments, the expanded insertion marker is contracted from the second size to the first size if finger contact with the touch screen display is broken (e.g., insertion marker  656 ,  FIG. 6K ). In some embodiments, the contracting includes an animation of the expanded insertion marker  657  shrinking into the insertion marker  656  at the second location. 
     In some embodiments, the expanded portion  650  of the graphics is contracted if finger contact with the touch screen display is no longer detected for a predetermined time. 
     A graphical user interface on a portable electronic device with a touch screen display comprises an insertion marker and graphics. In response to detecting a finger contact  648  with the touch screen display, the insertion marker is expanded from a first size  656  to a second size  657 , and a portion  650  of the graphics is expanded. In response to detecting movement of the finger contact on the touch screen display, the expanded insertion marker is moved in accordance with the detected movement of the finger contact from a first location  657 - 1  in the graphics to a second location  657 - 2  in the graphics. 
     Additional description of insertion marker positioning can be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/553,436, “Method, System, And Graphical User Interface For Positioning An Insertion Marker In A Touch Screen Display,” filed Oct. 26, 2006, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     Additional description of instant messaging on portable electronic devices can be found in U.S. Patent Application No. 60/883,819, “Portable Electronic Device For Instant Messaging,” filed Jan. 7, 2007, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
       FIGS. 7A and 7B  illustrate an exemplary user interface for a contact list in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, user interfaces  800 A and  800 B ( FIGS. 7A and 7B ) include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 , as described above;   Groups icon  802  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of groups of contacts;   First name icon  804  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates an alphabetical display of the user&#39;s contacts by their first names ( FIG. 7B );   Last name icon  806  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates an alphabetical display of the user&#39;s contacts by their last names ( FIG. 7A );   Alphabet list icons  808  that the user can touch to quickly arrive at a particular first letter in the displayed contact list;   Cancel icon  810  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transfer back to the previous UI (e.g., UI  500 ,  FIG. 5 ); and   Other number icon  812  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transfer to a UI for entering a phone number for instant messaging, such as a phone number that is not in the user&#39;s contact list.       

     In some embodiments, the functions of first name icon  804  and last name icon  806  are incorporated into settings  412  ( FIG. 4B , e.g., as a user preference setting) rather than being displayed in a contacts list UI (e.g.,  800 A and  800 B,  FIGS. 7A and 7B ). 
     As described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,547, “Scrolling List With Floating Adjacent Index Symbols,” filed Dec. 23, 2005; Ser. No. 11/322,551, “Continuous Scrolling List With Acceleration,” filed Dec. 23, 2005; and Ser. No. 11/322,553, “List Scrolling In Response To Moving Contact Over List Of Index Symbols,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, the user may scroll through the contact list using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  814  on the touch screen. 
       FIG. 8  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a camera in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  1000  ( FIG. 8 ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
         Viewfinder  1002 ;   Camera roll  1004  that manages images and/or videos taken with the camera;   Shutter  1006  for taking still images;   Record button  1008  for starting and stopping video recording;   Timer  1010  for taking an image after a predefined time delay; and   Image  1012  that appears (e.g., via the animation illustrated schematically in  FIG. 8 ) to be added to camera roll  1004  when it is obtained.       

     In some embodiments, the orientation of the camera in the shutter icon  1006  rotates as the device  100  is rotated between portrait and landscape orientations. 
       FIG. 9  illustrates an exemplary user interface for a camera roll in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  1100  ( FIG. 9 ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   Thumbnail images  1102  of images and/or videos obtained by camera  143 ;   Camera icon  1104  or done icon  1110  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transfer to the camera UI (e.g., UI  1000 ); and   Vertical bar  1112  that helps a user understand what portion of the camera roll is being displayed.       

     In some embodiments, the user may scroll through the thumbnails  1102  using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  1106  on the touch screen. In some embodiments, a stationary gesture on a particular thumbnail (e.g., a tap gesture  1108  on thumbnail  1102 - 11 ) initiates transfer to an enlarged display of the corresponding image (e.g., UI  1200 A,  FIG. 10A ). 
     In some embodiments, vertical bar  1112  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the thumbnails  1102 ). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1112  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the camera roll that corresponds to the vertical position in the camera roll of the displayed portion of the camera roll. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1112  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the camera roll being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 9 , the vertical position of the vertical bar  1112  indicates that the middle of the camera roll is being displayed and the vertical length of the vertical bar  1112  indicates that roughly half of the images in the camera roll are being displayed. 
       FIGS. 10A-10C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for viewing and manipulating acquired images in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, user interface  1200 A ( FIG. 10A ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  1104 , and  1110 , as described above;   Camera roll icon  1202  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transfer to the camera roll UI (e.g., UI  1100 ,  FIG. 9 );   Image  1204 ;   Additional options icon  1206  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transfer to a UI with additional options for use of image  1204 ;   Previous image icon  1208  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of the previous image in the camera roll (e.g.,  1102 - 10 );   Play icon  1210  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates a slide show of the images in the camera roll;   Next image icon  1212  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of the next image in the camera roll (e.g.,  1102 - 12 );   Delete symbol icon  1214  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI to confirm that the user wants to delete image  1204  (e.g. UI  1200 B,  FIG. 10B );   Vertical bar  1222  that helps a user understand what portion of the image  1204  is being displayed; and   Horizontal bar  1224  that helps a user understand what portion of the image  1204  is being displayed.       

     In some embodiments, the user can also initiate viewing of the previous image by making a tap gesture  1216  on the left side of the image. In some embodiments, the user can also initiate viewing of the previous image by making a swipe gesture  1220  from left to right on the image. 
     In some embodiments, the user can also initiate viewing of the next image by making a tap gesture  1218  on the right side of the image. In some embodiments, the user can also initiate viewing of the next image by making a swipe gesture  1220  from right to left on the image. 
     By offering multiple ways to perform the same task (e.g., to view the next image by tapping icon  1212 , tap  1218 , or right to left swipe  1220 ), the user can choose whichever way the user prefers, thereby making the UI simpler and more intuitive for the user. 
     In some embodiments, image  1204  moves off screen to the left as the next image moves on screen from the right. In some embodiments, image  1204  moves off screen to the right as the previous image moves on screen from the left. 
     In some embodiments, a tap gesture such as  1216  or  1218  magnifies the image  1204  by a predetermined amount, rather than initiating viewing of another image, so that just a portion of image  1204  is displayed. In some embodiments, when the image is already magnified, repeating the tap gesture demagnifies the image (e.g., so that the entire image is displayed). 
     In some embodiments, if just a portion of image  1204  is displayed, vertical bar  1222  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the image  1204 ). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1222  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the image that corresponds to the vertical position in the image of the displayed portion of the image. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1222  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the image being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 10A , the vertical position of the vertical bar  1222  indicates that the top of the image is being displayed and the vertical length of the vertical bar  1222  indicates that a portion from the top half of the image is being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, if just a portion of image  1204  is displayed, horizontal bar  1224  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the image  1204 ). In some embodiments, the horizontal bar  1224  has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the image that corresponds to the horizontal position in the image of the displayed portion of the image. In some embodiments, the horizontal bar  1224  has a horizontal length that corresponds to the portion of the image being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 10A , the horizontal position of the horizontal bar  1224  indicates that a portion of the right side of the image is being displayed and the horizontal length of the horizontal bar  1224  indicates that a portion from the right half of the image is being displayed. Together, vertical bar  1222  and horizontal bar  1224  indicate that the northeast quadrant of the image  1204  is being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, user interface  1200 B ( FIG. 10B ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 ,  1104 ,  1110 ,  1202 , and  1204 , as described above;   Delete icon  1216  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) deletes the image  1204 ; and   Cancel icon  1218  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) returns the device to the previous user interface (e.g. UI  1200 A,  FIG. 10A )       

     In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIG. 10C , the image may go through a deletion animation to show the user that the image is being deleted. 
     This deletion process, which requires gestures by the user on two different user interfaces (e.g.,  1200 A and  1200 B,  FIGS. 10A and 10B ), greatly reduces the chance that a user will accidentally delete an image or other similar item. 
       FIGS. 11A and 11B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for viewing albums in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  1300 A ( FIG. 11A ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   Graphics  1304 , e.g., thumbnail images of the first picture or a user-selected picture in the corresponding albums;   Album names  1306 ;   Selection icons  1308  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of the corresponding album (e.g., UI  1500 ,  FIG. 12 );   Settings icon  1310 , that brings up a settings menu when activated by a user gesture (e.g., a tap gesture); and   Vertical bar  1314  that helps a user understand what portion of the list of albums is being displayed.       

     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 11B , one of the photo albums (e.g.,  1306 - 7 ) may correspond to the user&#39;s photo library; another album (e.g.,  1306 - 8 ) may correspond to the camera roll ( FIG. 9 ); another album (e.g.,  1306 - 9 ) may correspond to images added to the photo library in the last 12 months; and other albums (e.g.,  1306 - 10 - 1306 - 13 ) may correspond to albums created and organized by the user. 
     The albums may be downloaded on to the device from a wide range of sources, such as the user&#39;s desktop or laptop computer, the Internet, etc. 
     If there is a long list of albums that fill more than the screen area, the user may scroll through the list using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  1312  on the touch screen. 
     In some embodiments, a user may tap anywhere in the row for a particular album (e.g., a tap on the graphic  1304 , album name  1306 , or selection icon  1308 ) to initiate display of the corresponding album (e.g., UI  1500 ,  FIG. 12 ). 
     In some embodiments, vertical bar  1314  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the list of albums). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1314  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1314  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the list being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 11B , the vertical position of the vertical bar  1314  indicates that the top of the list of albums is being displayed and the vertical length of the vertical bar  1314  indicates that roughly half of the albums in the list are being displayed. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates an exemplary user interface for viewing an album in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  1500  ( FIG. 12 ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   Photo albums icon  1502  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transfer to the photo albums UI (e.g., UI  1300 B,  FIG. 11B );   Thumbnail images  1506  of images in the corresponding album;   Play icon  1508  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates a slide show of the images in the album; and   Vertical bar  1514  that helps a user understand what portion of the list of thumbnail images  1506  in an album is being displayed.       

     In some embodiments, the user may scroll through the thumbnails  1506  using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  1510  on the touch screen. In some embodiments, a stationary gesture on a particular thumbnail (e.g., a tap gesture  1512  on thumbnail  1506 - 11 ) initiates transfer to an enlarged display of the corresponding image (e.g., UI  1600 A and  1600 B,  FIGS. 13A and 13B ). 
     In some embodiments, vertical bar  1514  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the list of thumbnails). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1514  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1514  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the list being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 12 , the vertical position of the vertical bar  1514  indicates that the middle of the list of thumbnails is being displayed and the vertical length of the vertical bar  1514  indicates that roughly half of the thumbnails in the album are being displayed. 
       FIGS. 13A and 13B  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for viewing images in an album in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interfaces  1600 A and  1600 B ( FIGS. 13A and 13B ) include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   Album name icon  1602  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transfer to the corresponding album UI (e.g., UI  1500 ,  FIG. 12 );   Image  1606 ;   Additional options icon  1608  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transfer to a UI with additional options for use of image  1606 ;   Previous image icon  1610  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of the previous image in the album (e.g.,  1506 - 10 );   Play icon  1612  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates a slide show of the images in the album; and   Next image icon  1614  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of the next image in the album (e.g.,  1506 - 12 ).       

     In some embodiments, icons  1608 ,  1610 ,  1612 , and  1614  are displayed in response to detecting a gesture on the touch screen (e.g., a single finger tap on the image  1606 ) and then cease to be displayed if no interaction with the touch screen is detected after a predetermined time (e.g., 3-5 seconds), thereby providing a “heads up display” effect for these icons. 
     In some embodiments, the user can also initiate viewing of the previous image by making a tap gesture  1618  on the left side of the image. In some embodiments, the user can also initiate viewing of the previous image by making a swipe gesture  1616  from left to right on the image. 
     In some embodiments, the user can also initiate viewing of the next image by making a tap gesture  1620  on the right side of the image. In some embodiments, the user can also initiate viewing of the next image by making a swipe gesture  1616  from right to left on the image. 
     By offering multiple ways to perform the same task (e.g., to view the next image by tapping icon  1614 , tap  1620 , or right to left swipe  1616 ), the user can choose whichever way the user prefers, thereby making the UI simpler and more intuitive for the user. 
     In some embodiments, image  1606  moves off screen to the left as the next image moves on screen from the right. In some embodiments, image  1606  moves off screen to the right as the previous image moves on screen from the left. 
     In some embodiments, a double tap gesture such as  1618  or  1620  magnifies the image  1606  by a predetermined amount, rather than initiating viewing of another image, so that just a portion of image  1606  is displayed. In some embodiments, when the image is already magnified, repeating the double tap gesture demagnifies the image (e.g., so that the entire image is displayed). 
     In some embodiments, a multi-finger de-pinching gesture magnifies the image  1606  by a variable amount in accordance with the position of the multi-finger de-pinching gesture and the amount of finger movement in the multi-finger de-pinching gesture. In some embodiments, a multi-finger pinching gesture demagnifies the image  1606  by a variable amount in accordance with the position of the multi-finger pinching gesture and the amount of finger movement in the multi-finger pinching gesture. 
     In some embodiments, if just a portion of image  1606  is displayed, vertical bar  1622  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the image  1606 ). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1622  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the image that corresponds to the vertical position in the image of the displayed portion of the image. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  1622  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the image being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 13A , the vertical position of the vertical bar  1622  indicates that the bottom of the image is being displayed and the vertical length of the vertical bar  1622  indicates that a portion from the bottom half of the image is being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, if just a portion of image  1606  is displayed, horizontal bar  1624  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the image  1606 ). In some embodiments, the horizontal bar  1624  has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the image that corresponds to the horizontal position in the image of the displayed portion of the image. In some embodiments, the horizontal bar  1624  has a horizontal length that corresponds to the portion of the image being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 13A , the horizontal position of the horizontal bar  1224  indicates that a portion of the left side of the image is being displayed and the horizontal length of the horizontal bar  1624  indicates that a portion from the left half of the image is being displayed. Together, vertical bar  1622  and horizontal bar  1624  indicate that the southwest quadrant of the image  1606  is being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting a change in orientation of the device  100  from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation (e.g., using accelerometer  168 ), UI  1600 A (including image  1606 ) is rotated by 90° to UI  1600 B ( FIG. 13B ). In some embodiments, if just a portion of image  1606  is displayed in landscape orientation (UI  1600 B,  FIG. 13B ), vertical bar  1628  and horizontal bar  1630  are displayed and act in an analogous manner to vertical bar  1622  and horizontal bar  1624  (UI  1600 A,  FIG. 13A ), described above. In some embodiments, in response to detecting a change in orientation of the device  100  from a landscape orientation to a portrait orientation (e.g., using accelerometer  168 ), the UI  1600 B is rotated by 90° to UI  1600 A ( FIG. 13A ). 
     In some embodiments, if just a portion of image  1606  is displayed, in response to detecting a finger drag or swipe gesture (e.g.,  1626 ), the displayed portion of the image is translated in accordance with the direction of the drag or swipe gesture (e.g., vertical, horizontal, or diagonal translation). 
       FIGS. 14A-14C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for organizing and managing videos in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, in response to a series of gestures (e.g., finger taps) by the user, the device displays a series of video categories and sub-categories. For example, if the user activates selection icon  2101  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) or, in some embodiments, taps anywhere in the Playlists row  2108 , the UI changes from a display of video categories (UI  2100 A,  FIG. 14A ) to a display of Playlist sub-categories (UI  2100 B,  FIG. 14B ). In turn, if the user activates the selection icon for My Movies (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) or, in some embodiments, taps anywhere in the My Movies row  2110 , the UI changes from a display of Playlist sub-categories (UI  2100 B,  FIG. 14B ) to a display of My Movies sub-categories (UI  2100 C,  FIG. 14C ), and so forth. 
     In some embodiments, in response to a series of gestures (e.g., finger taps) by the user, the device navigates back up through the hierarchy of video categories and sub-categories. For example, if the user activates Playlists icon  2106  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), the UI changes from a display of My Movies sub-categories (UI  2100 C,  FIG. 14C ) to a display of Playlist sub-categories (UI  2100 B,  FIG. 14B ). In turn, if the user activates the Videos icon  2104  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), the UI changes from a display of Playlist sub-categories (UI  2100 B,  FIG. 14B ) to a display of video categories (UI  2100 A,  FIG. 14A ). 
     In some embodiments, in response to user selection of a particular video (e.g., by a tap or other predefined gesture on the graphic, title, or anywhere  2112  ( FIG. 14C ) in the row for a particular video), the device displays the selected video (e.g., King Kong) in a video player UI. 
     In some embodiments, in response to user selection of settings icon  2102  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), the device displays a settings UI for a video player. 
       FIGS. 15A-15D  illustrate an exemplary user interface for displaying and managing recent calls in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, in response to the user activating All icon  2810 , the touch screen displays a list of all recent calls (e.g., UI  2800 A,  FIG. 15A ). In some embodiments, in response to the user activating Missed icon  2812 , the touch screen displays a list of recent missed calls (e.g., UI  2800 B,  FIG. 15B ). 
     In some embodiments, each row in a list corresponds to a call or a consecutive sequence of calls involving the same person or the same number (without an intervening call involving another person or another phone number). In some embodiments, each row includes: the name  2802  of the other party (if available via the contact module) or the phone number (if the name of the other party is not available); the number  2804  of consecutive calls; the date and/or time  2806  of the last call; and an additional information icon  2808 . In some embodiments, in response to the user activating icon  2808  for a particular row (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), the touch screen displays the corresponding contact list entry for the other party (e.g., UI  2800 C,  FIG. 15C ) or UI  2800 D ( FIG. 15D ) if the phone number cannot be associated with an entry in the user&#39;s contact list. In some embodiments, in response to a user tap or other predefined gesture elsewhere (i.e., a tap or gesture other than on icon  2808 ) in a given row, the phone module dials the corresponding phone number for that row. 
     In some embodiments, some rows may include icons indicating whether the last call associated with the row was missed or answered. 
     If the list of recent calls fills more than the screen area, the user may scroll through the list using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  2814  on the touch screen. 
     In some embodiments, UI  2800 C ( FIG. 15C ) highlights (e.g., with color, shading, and/or bolding) the phone number associated with the recent call (e.g., the two recent incoming calls from Bruce Walker in UI  2800 A,  FIG. 15A , came from Bruce Walker&#39;s work number  2816 ). In some embodiments, in response to a user tap or other predefined gesture on the highlighted number  2816 , the phone module dials the highlighted number (e.g.,  2816 ). In some embodiments, in response to a user tap or other predefined gesture on another number in the contact list entry (e.g., home number  2818 ), the phone module dials the corresponding number. In some embodiments, in response to a user tap or other predefined gesture on an email address in the contact list entry (e.g., either work email  2820  or home email  2822 ), the mail module prepares an email message with the selected email address, ready for text input by the user. Thus, by selecting icon  2808  ( FIG. 15A ), the user may then easily respond to a caller using the same number involved in the previous call (e.g.,  2816 ), another number associated with the same caller (e.g.,  2818 ), or another mode of communication besides the phone (e.g., an email to the caller&#39;s work  2820  or home  2822  email address). 
     In some embodiments, UI  2800 D ( FIG. 15D ) provides one or more options for a user to make use of a phone number in a recent call that is not associated with an entry in the user&#39;s contact list. In some embodiments, in response to a tap or other predefined user gesture, the device may: call the phone number (e.g., if the gesture is applied to icon  2824 ); initiate creation of a text message or other instant message to the phone number (e.g., if the gesture is applied to icon  2825 ); create a new contact with the phone number (e.g., if the gesture is applied to icon  2826 ); or add the phone number to an existing contact (e.g., if the gesture is applied to icon  2828 ). 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting a gesture on the clear icon  2832  (e.g., a single finger tap on the icon  2832 ), one or more recent calls selected by the user are deleted from the list of recent calls. 
     Additional description of missed call management can be found in U.S. Patent Application No. 60/883,782, “Telephone Call Management For A Portable Multifunction Device,” filed Jan. 6, 2007, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
       FIGS. 16A-16D  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for voicemail in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interfaces  3200 A- 3200 D ( FIGS. 16A-16D ) include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   backup icon  3202  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates a process that backs up and replays the preceding few seconds of the voicemail message;   Progress bar  3204  that indicates what fraction of a voicemail message has been played and that may be used to help scroll through the message in response to a user gesture  3206 ;   Speed up icon  3208  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates a process that speeds up playback of the voicemail message, which may also adjust the sound frequency or pitch of the fast playback so that the words, although spoken quickly, are still easy to understand;   Names  3210  of the people (associated with incoming phone numbers via the user&#39;s contact list) who have left voicemail messages (e.g., Aaron Jones  3210 - 1 ) or the phone number if the person&#39;s name is not available (e.g.,  408 - 246 - 8101   3210 - 2 );   Date  3212  and/or time of the voicemail;   Additional information icon  3214  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates transition to the corresponding contact list entry (e.g., UI  2800 C,  FIG. 15C ) or to a UI for unknown phone numbers (e.g., UI  2800 D,  FIG. 15D );   Speaker icon  3216  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates playback of the voicemail through a speaker;   Options icon  3218  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a menu of additional voicemail options;   Pause icon  3220  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates pausing of the voicemail, which may be displayed apart from individual messages ( FIG. 16A ) or adjacent to a selected message ( FIG. 16C );   Delete symbol icon  3222  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI to confirm that the user wants to delete the corresponding voicemail (e.g. UI  3200 B,  FIG. 16B  or UI  3200 D,  FIG. 16D ).   Cancel icon  3226  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) changes the display from UI  3200 B to UI  3200 A (or from UI  3200 D to UI  3200 C) without deleting the corresponding voicemail;   Confirm delete icon  3228  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) deletes the corresponding voicemail and changes the display from UI  3200 B to UI  3200 A (or from UI  3200 D to UI  3200 C);   Play icon  3230  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates or continues playback of the voicemail, which may be displayed apart from individual messages ( FIG. 16B ) or adjacent to a selected message ( FIG. 16C );   Not heard icon  3232  that indicates that the corresponding voicemail has not been heard;   Downloading icon  3234  that indicates that the corresponding voicemail is being downloaded to the device  100 ; and   Call icon  3240  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates a call to the phone number associated with the selected voicemail.       

     If the list of voicemail messages fills more than the screen area, the user may scroll through the list using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  3224  on the touch screen. 
     In some embodiments, a vertical bar  3260  ( FIG. 16C ), analogous to the vertical bars described above, is displayed on top of the list of voicemails that helps a user understand what portion of the list is being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, in response to a user tap or other predefined gesture in the row corresponding to a particular voicemail (but other than a tap or gesture on icon  3214 ), the phone module initiates playback of the corresponding voicemail. Thus, there is random access to the voicemails and the voicemails may be heard in any order. 
     In some embodiments, in response to a user gesture, the playback position in the voicemail can be modified. For example, in response to the user&#39;s finger touching  3206  at or near the end of the progress bar and then sliding along the progress bar, the playback position may be altered to correspond to the position of the user&#39;s finger along the progress bar. This user gesture on the progress bar makes it easy for a user to skip to and/or replay portions of interest in the voicemail message. 
       FIG. 17  illustrates an exemplary user interface for organizing and managing email in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  3300  ( FIG. 17 ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   a set of mailboxes, such as inbox  3302 , which may be organized in rows with a selection icon  3306  for each row;   an unread messages icon  3304  that indicates the number of unread messages;   a settings icon  3308  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI to input mailbox settings; and   a create email icon  3310  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI for creating a new email message (e.g. UI  3400 A,  FIG. 18A ).       

     If the set of mailboxes fills more than the screen area, the user may scroll through the mailboxes using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  3312  on the touch screen. 
     In some embodiments, a vertical bar, analogous to the vertical bars described above, is displayed on top of the list of mailboxes that helps a user understand what portion of the list is being displayed. 
       FIGS. 18A-18C  illustrate an exemplary user interface for creating emails in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In response to the user activating create email icon  3310  ( FIG. 17 ), the device displays UI  3400 A ( FIG. 18A ). 
     In some embodiments, if the user makes a tap or other predefined gesture on the subject line  3408  or in the body of the email  3412  ( FIG. 18A ), a letter keyboard  616  appears and the user may input the subject and/or body text ( FIG. 18C ). In some embodiments, to enter the email address, the user makes a tap or other predefined gesture on the To: line  3406  of the email; the user&#39;s contact list appears; the user makes a tap or other predefined gesture on the desired recipient/contact; and the device places the corresponding email address in the email message ( FIG. 18C ). If others need to be copied on the email, the user makes a tap or other predefined gesture on the CC: line  3407  of the email; the user&#39;s contact list appears; the user makes a tap or other predefined gesture on the desired recipient/contact (e.g., tapping on Janet Walker in the contact list); and the device places the corresponding email address in the email message ( FIG. 18C ). 
     In some embodiments, to enter the email address, the user makes a tap or other predefined gesture on the To: line  3406  of the email ( FIG. 18A ). Add recipient icon  3422  appears, which when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon  3422 ) initiates the display of a scrollable list of contacts (e.g.,  3426 ,  FIG. 18B ) that match the input, if any, in the To: field. For example, if the letter “B” is input, then contacts with either a first name or last name beginning with “B” are shown. If the letters “Br” are input in the To: field, then the list of contacts is narrowed to contacts with either a first name or last name beginning with “Br”, and so on until one of the displayed contacts is selected (e.g., by a tap on a contact in the list  3426 ). If others need to be copied on the email, the user makes a tap or other predefined gesture on the CC: line  3407  of the email and follows an analogous procedure to that used for inputting addresses in the To: field. 
     In some embodiments, a user can scroll through the list  3426  by applying a vertical swipe gesture  3428  to the area displaying the list  3426 . In some embodiments, a vertically downward gesture scrolls the list downward and a vertically upward gesture scrolls the list upward, 
     In some embodiments, a vertical bar  3430  ( FIG. 18B ) is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the list  3426 ). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  3430  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  3430  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the list being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, the user may also enter the email address using one or more keyboards (e.g.,  616  and  624 , not shown). 
     The device sends the email message in response to the user activating the send icon  3404  ( FIG. 18C ) (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon). Alternatively, if the user activates the cancel icon  3402 , the device may display a save draft icon and a don&#39;t save (or delete message) icon. The device saves the draft if the user activates the save draft icon  1810 , e.g., in a drafts folder in mail client  140  ( FIG. 17 ). The device deletes the draft if the user activates the don&#39;t save icon  1812 . 
     In some embodiments, in response to the user activating the attach icon  3410  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), the touch screen displays a UI for adding attachments (not shown). 
       FIGS. 19A-19I  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for displaying and managing an inbox in accordance with some embodiments. Analogous user interfaces may be used to display and manage the other mailboxes (e.g., drafts, sent, trash, personal, and/or work in UI  3300 ,  FIG. 17 ). In some embodiments, user interfaces  3500 A- 35001  ( FIGS. 19A-19I ) include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 ,  406 , and  3310 , as described above;   mailboxes icon  3502  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates the display of mailbox UI  3300  ( FIG. 17 );   unread messages icon  3504  that displays the number of unread messages in the inbox;   names  3506  of the senders of the email messages;   subject lines  3508  for the email messages;   dates  3510  of the email messages;   unread message icons  3512  that indicate messages that have not been opened;   preview pane separator  3518  that separates the list of messages from a preview of a selected message in the list;   settings icon  3520  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates the display of a settings user interface;   move message icon  3522  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates the display of a move message user interface;   Delete symbol icon  3524  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI to confirm that the user wants to delete the selected email (e.g. UI  3500 E,  FIG. 19E );   Reply/Forward icon  3526  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI to select how to reply or forward the selected email (e.g. UI  3500 F,  FIG. 19F  or UI  35001 ,  FIG. 19I );   Preview pane  3528  that displays a portion of the selected email message;   Details icon  3530  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of email addressing details  3534  ( FIG. 19C );   Cancel icon  3540  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) returns the device to the previous user interface (e.g. UI  3500 D,  FIG. 19D );   Confirm delete icon  3542  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) deletes the selected email;   Reply icon  3544  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates creation of an email replying to the sender;   Reply All icon  3546  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates creation of an email replying to the sender and the other parties included in the selected email (e.g., by cc:);   Forward icon  3548  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates creation of an email to be forwarded;   Show preview pane icon  3550  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of preview pane  3528 ;   Don&#39;t show preview pane icon  3552  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) stops display of preview pane  3528 ;   Vertical bar  3554  for the list of email messages that helps a user understand what portion of the list of email messages is being displayed;   Vertical bar  3556  for the email message in the preview pane that helps a user understand what portion of the message is being displayed;   Horizontal bar  3558  for the email message in the preview pane that helps a user understand what portion of the message is being displayed; and   Refresh mailbox icon  3560  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates downloading of new email messages, if any, from a remote server.       

     If the set of emails fill more than the screen area (or more than the screen area above the preview pane), the user may scroll through the emails using vertically upward and/or vertically downward gestures  3514  on the touch screen. 
     In some embodiments, vertical bar  3554  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the list of email messages). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  3554  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the email list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  3554  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the email list being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 19H , the vertical position of the vertical bar  3554  indicates that the middle of the email list is being displayed and the vertical length of the vertical bar  3554  indicates that roughly one third of the e-mail list is being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, the email subjects  3508  are not displayed if the preview pane  3528  is used. In some embodiments, the position of the preview pane separator can be adjusted by the user making contact  3516  at or near the preview pane separator and moving the separator to the desired location by dragging the finger contact  3538 . In some embodiments, arrows  3539  or other graphics appear during the positioning of the preview pane separator (e.g., UI  3500 D,  FIG. 19D ) to help guide the user. 
     In some embodiments, in response to a tap or other predefined gesture by the user in a row containing information (e.g.,  3506 ,  3510 , and/or  3508 ) about a particular email message, some or all of the text in the row is highlighted (e.g., by coloring, shading, or bolding) and the corresponding message is displayed in the preview pane area. In some embodiments, in response to a tap or other predefined gesture by the user in a row containing information (e.g.,  3506 ,  3510 , and/or  3508 ) about a particular email message, the email message is displayed on the full screen if the preview pane is not being used. 
     In some embodiments, if the selected email fills more than the preview pane area, the user may scroll through the email using two-dimensional gestures  3532  in the preview pane with vertical and/or horizontal movement of the email on the touch screen. 
     In some embodiments, vertical bar  3556  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the email message in the preview pane  3528 ). In some embodiments, the vertical bar  3556  has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the email message that corresponds to the vertical position in the email of the displayed portion of the email. In some embodiments, the vertical bar  3556  has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the email being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 19H , the vertical position of the vertical bar  3556  indicates that the top of the email is being displayed and the vertical length of the vertical bar  3556  indicates that a portion from the top quarter of the email is being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, horizontal bar  3558  is displayed temporarily after an object is detected on or near the touch screen display (e.g., a finger touch is detected anywhere on the email message in the preview pane  3528 ). In some embodiments, the horizontal bar  3558  has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the email that corresponds to the horizontal position in the email of the displayed portion of the email. In some embodiments, the horizontal bar  3558  has a horizontal length that corresponds to the portion of the email being displayed. For example, in  FIG. 19H , the horizontal position of the horizontal bar  3558  indicates that a portion of the left side of the email is being displayed and the horizontal length of the horizontal bar  3558  indicates that a portion from the left half of the email is being displayed. Together, vertical bar  3556  and horizontal bar  3558  indicate that the northwest corner of the email message in the preview pane is being displayed. 
     In some embodiments, an email is displayed such that only vertical scrolling is needed, in which case horizontal bar  3558  is not used 
     In some embodiments, in response to user activation of an additional information icon (e.g., “&gt;”) on the detail information  3534  in  FIG. 19C  (e.g., by a finger tap  3536  on the icon), the touch screen may display contact list information for the corresponding party, if available (e.g., UI  2800 C,  FIG. 15C ) or a UI analogous to UI  2800 D,  FIG. 15D . 
       FIG. 19J  illustrates an exemplary user interface for setting email user preferences in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, user interface  3600  ( FIG. 19J ) includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   Done icon  3602  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) returns the device to the previous UI;   Accounts  3604  for entering email account information;   Message list displays  3606  for selecting whether sender  3506  and/or subject  3508  information is displayed in the emails lists;   Display newest messages  3608  for selecting whether the newest messages are displayed at the top or bottom of the screen;   Message display locations  3610  for selecting whether the messages are displayed in the preview pane or full screen;   Preferred message format  3612  for selecting how the messages are formatted (e.g., HTML or plain text);   Rules  3614  for creating rules for managing email messages;   Selection icons  3616  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) show choices for the corresponding settings.       

     In some embodiments, a user may tap anywhere in the row for a particular setting to initiate display of the corresponding setting choices. 
     In some embodiments, the settings in  FIG. 19J  are incorporated into settings  412  ( FIG. 4B ) and settings icon  3520  need not be displayed in the email application  140  (e.g.,  FIG. 19G ). 
       FIGS. 20A-20G  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a browser in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, user interfaces  3900 A- 3900 G ( FIGS. 20A-20G ) include the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
           402 ,  404 , and  406 , as described above;   Previous page icon  3902  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of the previous web page;   Web page name  3904 ;   Next page icon  3906  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of the next web page;   URL (Uniform Resource Locator) entry box  3908  for inputting URLs of web pages;   Refresh icon  3910  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates a refresh of the web page;   Web page  3912  or other structured document, which is made of blocks  3914  of text content and other graphics (e.g., images and inline multimedia);   Settings icon  3916  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a settings menu for the browser;   Bookmarks icon  3918  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a bookmarks list or menu for the browser;   Add bookmark icon  3920  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI for adding bookmarks;   New window icon  3922  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates display of a UI for adding new windows to the browser;   Vertical bar  3962  ( FIGS. 20F and 20G ), analogous to the vertical bars described above, for the web page  3912  or other structured document that helps a user understand what portion of the web page  3912  or other structured document is being displayed;   Horizontal bar  3964  ( FIGS. 20F and 20G ), analogous to the horizontal bars described above, for the web page  3912  or other structured document that helps a user understand what portion of the web page  3912  or other structured document is being displayed;       

     In some embodiments, in response to a predefined gesture by the user on a block  3914  (e.g., a single tap gesture or a double tap gesture), the block is enlarged and centered (or substantially centered) in the web page display. For example, in response to a single tap gesture  3923  on block  3914 - 5 , block  3914 - 5  may be enlarged and centered in the display, as shown in UI  3900 C,  FIG. 20C . In some embodiments, the width of the block is scaled to fill the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the width of the block is scaled to fill the touch screen display with a predefined amount of padding along the sides of the display. In some embodiments, a zooming animation of the block is displayed during enlargement of the block. Similarly, in response to a single tap gesture  3925  on block  3914 - 2 , block  3914 - 2  may be enlarged with a zooming animation and two-dimensionally scrolled to the center of the display (not shown). 
     In some embodiments, the device analyzes the render tree of the web page  3912  to determine the blocks  3914  in the web page. In some embodiments, a block  3914  corresponds to a render node that is: replaced; a block; an inline block; or an inline table. 
     In some embodiments, in response to the same predefined gesture by the user on a block  3914  (e.g., a single tap gesture or a double tap gesture) that is already enlarged and centered, the enlargement and/or centering is substantially or completely reversed. For example, in response to a single tap gesture  3929  ( FIG. 20C ) on block  3914 - 5 , the web page image may zoom out and return to UI  3900 A,  FIG. 20A . 
     In some embodiments, in response to a predefined gesture (e.g., a single tap gesture or a double tap gesture) by the user on a block  3914  that is already enlarged but not centered, the block is centered (or substantially centered) in the web page display. For example, in response to a single tap gesture  3927  ( FIG. 20C ) on block  3914 - 4 , block  3914 - 4  may be centered (or substantially centered) in the web page display. Similarly, in response to a single tap gesture  3935  ( FIG. 20C ) on block  3914 - 6 , block  3914 - 6  may be centered (or substantially centered) in the web page display. Thus, for a web page display that is already enlarged, in response to a predefined gesture, the device may display in an intuitive manner a series of blocks that the user wants to view. This same gesture may initiate different actions in different contexts (e.g., (1) zooming and/or enlarging in combination with scrolling when the web page is reduced in size, UI  3900 A and (2) reversing the enlargement and/or centering if the block is already centered and enlarged). 
     In some embodiments, in response to a multi-touch  3931  and  3933  de-pinching gesture by the user ( FIG. 20C ), the web page may be enlarged. Conversely, in response to a multi-touch pinching gesture by the user, the web page may be reduced. 
     In some embodiments, in response to a substantially vertical upward (or downward) swipe gesture by the user, the web page (or, more generally, other electronic documents) may scroll one-dimensionally upward (or downward) in the vertical direction. For example, in response to an upward swipe gesture  3937  by the user that is within a predetermined angle (e.g., 27°) of being perfectly vertical, the web page may scroll one-dimensionally upward in the vertical direction. 
     Conversely, in some embodiments, in response to a swipe gesture that is not within a predetermined angle (e.g., 27°) of being perfectly vertical, the web page may scroll two-dimensionally (i.e., with simultaneous movement in both the vertical and horizontal directions). For example, in response to an upward swipe gesture  3939  ( FIG. 20C ) by the user that is not within a predetermined angle (e.g., 27°) of being perfectly vertical, the web page may scroll two-dimensionally along the direction of the swipe  3939 . 
     In some embodiments, in response to a multi-touch  3941  and  3943  rotation gesture by the user ( FIG. 20C ), the web page may be rotated exactly 90° (UI  3900 D,  FIG. 20D ) for landscape viewing, even if the amount of rotation in the multi-touch  3941  and  3943  rotation gesture is substantially different from 90°. Similarly, in response to a multi-touch  3945  and  3947  rotation gesture by the user (UI  3900 D,  FIG. 20D ), the web page may be rotated exactly 90° for portrait viewing, even if the amount of rotation in the multi-touch  3945  and  3947  rotation gesture is substantially different from 90°. 
     Thus, in response to imprecise gestures by the user, precise movements of graphics occur. The device behaves in the manner desired by the user despite inaccurate input by the user. Also, note that the gestures described for UI  3900 C, which has a portrait view, are also applicable to UIs with a landscape view (e.g., UI  3900 D,  FIG. 20D ) so that the user can choose whichever view the user prefers for web browsing. 
     In some embodiments, a portable electronic device with a touch screen display (e.g., device  100 ) displays at least a portion of a structured electronic document on the touch screen display. The structured electronic document comprises a plurality of boxes of content (e.g., blocks  3914 ,  FIG. 20A ). 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of boxes are defined by a style sheet language. In some embodiments, the style sheet language is a cascading style sheet language. In some embodiments, the structured electronic document is a web page (e.g., web page  3912 ,  FIG. 20A ). In some embodiments, the structured electronic document is an HTML or XML document. 
     In some embodiments, displaying at least a portion of the structured electronic document comprises scaling the document width to fit within the touch screen display width independent of the document length. 
     In some embodiments, the touch screen display is rectangular with a short axis and a long axis; the display width corresponds to the short axis when the structured electronic document is seen in portrait view (e.g.,  FIG. 20C ); and the display width corresponds to the long axis when the structured electronic document is seen in landscape view (e.g.,  FIG. 20D ). 
     In some embodiments, prior to displaying at least a portion of a structured electronic document, borders, margins, and/or paddings are determined for the plurality of boxes and adjusted for display on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, all boxes in the plurality of boxes are adjusted. In some embodiments, just the first box is adjusted. In some embodiments, just the first box and boxes adjacent to the first box are adjusted. 
     A first gesture is detected at a location on the displayed portion of the structured electronic document (e.g., gesture  3923 ,  FIG. 20A ). In some embodiments, the first gesture is a finger gesture. In some embodiments, the first gesture is a stylus gesture. 
     In some embodiments, the first gesture is a tap gesture. In some embodiments, the first gesture is a double tap with a single finger, a double tap with two fingers, a single tap with a single finger, or a single tap with two fingers. 
     A first box (e.g., Block  5   3914 - 5 ,  FIG. 20A ) in the plurality of boxes is determined at the location of the first gesture. In some embodiments, the structured electronic document has an associated render tree with a plurality of nodes and determining the first box at the location of the first gesture comprises: traversing down the render tree to determine a first node in the plurality of nodes that corresponds to the detected location of the first gesture; traversing up the render tree from the first node to a closest parent node that contains a logical grouping of content; and identifying content corresponding to the closest parent node as the first box. In some embodiments, the logical grouping of content comprises a paragraph, an image, a plugin object, or a table. In some embodiments, the closest parent node is a replaced inline, a block, an inline block, or an inline table. 
     The first box is enlarged and substantially centered on the touch screen display (e.g., Block  5   3914 - 5 ,  FIG. 20C ). In some embodiments, enlarging and substantially centering comprises simultaneously zooming and translating the first box on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, enlarging comprises expanding the first box so that the width of the first box is substantially the same as the width of the touch screen display. 
     In some embodiments, text in the enlarged first box is resized to meet or exceed a predetermined minimum text size on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the text resizing comprises: determining a scale factor by which the first box will be enlarged; dividing the predetermined minimum text size on the touch screen display by the scaling factor to determine a minimum text size for text in the first box; and if a text size for text in the first box is less than the determined minimum text size, increasing the text size for text in the first box to at least the determined minimum text size. In some embodiments, the first box has a width; the display has a display width; and the scale factor is the display width divided by the width of the first box prior to enlarging. In some embodiments, the resizing occurs during the enlarging. In some embodiments, the resizing occurs after the enlarging. 
     In some embodiments, text in the structured electronic document is resized to meet or exceed a predetermined minimum text size on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the text resizing comprises: determining a scale factor by which the first box will be enlarged; dividing the predetermined minimum text size on the touch screen display by the scaling factor to determine a minimum text size for text in the structured electronic document; and if a text size for text in the structured electronic document is less than the determined minimum text size, increasing the text size for text in the structured electronic document to at least the determined minimum text size. In some embodiments, the text resizing comprises: identifying boxes containing text in the plurality of boxes; determining a scale factor by which the first box will be enlarged; dividing the predetermined minimum text size on the touch screen display by the scaling factor to determine a minimum text size for text in the structured electronic document; and for each identified box containing text, if a text size for text in the identified box is less than the determined minimum text size, increasing the text size for text in the identified box to at least the determined minimum text size and adjusting the size of the identified box. 
     In some embodiments, a second gesture (e.g., gesture  3929 ,  FIG. 220C ) is detected on the enlarged first box. In response to detecting the second gesture, the displayed portion of the structured electronic document is reduced in size. In some embodiments, the first box returns to its size prior to being enlarged. 
     In some embodiments, the second gesture and the first gesture are the same type of gesture. In some embodiments, the second gesture is a finger gesture. In some embodiments, the second gesture is a stylus gesture. 
     In some embodiments, the second gesture is a tap gesture. In some embodiments, the second gesture is a double tap with a single finger, a double tap with two fingers, a single tap with a single finger, or a single tap with two fingers. 
     In some embodiments, while the first box is enlarged, a third gesture (e.g., gesture  3927  or gesture  3935 ,  FIG. 20C ) is detected on a second box other than the first box. In response to detecting the third gesture, the second box is substantially centered on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the third gesture and the first gesture are the same type of gesture. In some embodiments, the third gesture is a finger gesture. In some embodiments, the third gesture is a stylus gesture. 
     In some embodiments, the third gesture is a tap gesture. In some embodiments, the third gesture is a double tap with a single finger, a double tap with two fingers, a single tap with a single finger, or a single tap with two fingers. 
     In some embodiments, a swipe gesture (e.g., gesture  3937  or gesture  3939 ,  FIG. 20C ) is detected on the touch screen display. In response to detecting the swipe gesture, the displayed portion of the structured electronic document is translated on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the translating comprises vertical, horizontal, or diagonal movement of the structured electronic document on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the swipe gesture is a finger gesture. In some embodiments, the swipe gesture is a stylus gesture. 
     In some embodiments, a fifth gesture (e.g., multi-touch gesture  3941 / 3943 ,  FIG. 20C ) is detected on the touch screen display. In response to detecting the fifth gesture, the displayed portion of the structured electronic document is rotated on the touch screen display by 90°. In some embodiments, the fifth gesture is a finger gesture. In some embodiments, the fifth gesture is a multifinger gesture. In some embodiments, the fifth gesture is a twisting multifinger gesture. 
     In some embodiments, a change in orientation of the device is detected. In response to detecting the change in orientation of the device, the displayed portion of the structured electronic document is rotated on the touch screen display by 90°. 
     In some embodiments, a multi-finger de-pinch gesture (e.g., multi-touch gesture  3931 / 3933 ,  FIG. 20C ) is detected on the touch screen display. In response to detecting the multi-finger de-pinch gesture, a portion of the displayed portion of the structured electronic document is enlarged on the touch screen display in accordance with a position of the multi-finger de-pinch gesture and an amount of finger movement in the multi-finger de-pinch gesture. 
     A graphical user interface (e.g., UI  3900 A,  FIG. 20A ) on a portable electronic device with a touch screen display comprises at least a portion of a structured electronic document (e.g., web page  3912 ,  FIG. 20A ). The structured electronic document comprises a plurality of boxes of content (e.g., blocks  3914 ,  FIG. 20A ). In response to detecting a first gesture (e.g., gesture  3923 ,  FIG. 20A ) at a location on the portion of the structured electronic document, a first box (e.g., Block  5   3914 - 5 ,  FIG. 20A ) in the plurality of boxes at the location of the first gesture is determined and the first box is enlarged and substantially centered on the touch screen display (e.g., Block  5   3914 - 5 ,  FIG. 20C ). 
     In some embodiments, in response to a tap or other predefined user gesture on URL entry box  3908 , the touch screen displays an enlarged entry box  3926  and a keyboard  616  (e.g., UI  3900 B,  FIG. 20B  in portrait viewing and UI  3900 E,  FIG. 20E  in landscape viewing). In some embodiments, the touch screen also displays:
         Contextual clear icon  3928  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates deletion of all text in entry box  3926 ;   a search icon  3930  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates an Internet search using the search terms input in box  3926 ; and   Go to URL icon  3932  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) initiates acquisition of the web page with the URL input in box  3926 ;       

     Thus, the same entry box  3926  may be used for inputting both search terms and URLs. In some embodiments, whether or not clear icon  3928  is displayed depends on the context. 
       FIGS. 21A-21I  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a music and video player  152  in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, icons for major content categories (e.g., playlists  4308 , artists  4310 , songs  4312 , and video  4314 ) are displayed in a first area of the display (e.g.,  4340 ,  FIG. 21A ). In some embodiments, the first area also includes an icon (e.g., more icon  4316 ) that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) leads to additional content categories (e.g., albums, audiobooks, compilations, composers, genres, and podcasts in  FIG. 43J ). 
     In some embodiments, the player  152  includes a now playing icon  4302  that when activated (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) takes the user directly to a UI displaying information about the currently playing music (not shown). 
     In some embodiments, in response to a series of gestures (e.g., finger taps) by the user, the device displays a series of content categories and sub-categories. For example, if the user activates selection icon  4306  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon) or, in some embodiments, taps anywhere in the Top 25 row  4318 , the UI changes from a display of playlist categories (UI  4300 A,  FIG. 41A ) to a display of the Top 25 sub-category (UI  4300 B,  FIG. 21B ). 
     If just a portion of a category or sub-category is displayed, a vertical bar, analogous to the vertical bars described above, is displayed on top of the category/sub-category that helps a user understand what portion of the category/sub-category is being displayed (e.g., vertical bar  4320 ,  FIG. 21B ). In some embodiments, a user can scroll through the list of items in the category/sub-category by applying a vertical or substantially vertical swipe gesture  4322  to the area displaying the list. In some embodiments, a vertically downward gesture scrolls the list downward and a vertically upward gesture scrolls the list upward. 
     In some embodiments, if the user scrolls to the top of the list and then continues to apply a scrolling gesture (e.g.,  4324 ,  FIG. 21C ), background  4326 - 1  appears and the vertical bar  4320 - 1  may start to reduce in length to indicate to the user that the top of the list has been reached. When the user&#39;s finger breaks contact with the touch screen display, the list may move back to the top of the display and the background  4326 - 1  shrinks to nothing. Similarly, if the user scrolls to the bottom of the list and then continues to apply a scrolling gesture (e.g.,  4328 ,  FIG. 21D ), background  4326 - 2  appears and the vertical bar  4320 - 2  may start to reduce in length to indicate to the user that the bottom of the list has been reached. When the user&#39;s finger breaks contact with the touch screen display, the list may move back to the bottom of the display and the background  4326 - 2  shrinks to nothing. This “rubber band-like” behavior at the terminus of lists may be applied to many other types of lists and documents that have vertical scrolling. Similar behavior may be applied to all of the edges of documents that can be translated in two dimensions (e.g., web pages, word processing documents, and photographs and other images). Additional description of this “rubber band-like” scrolling and translation behavior can be found in U.S. Patent Application No. 60/883,801, “List Scrolling And Document Translation On A Touch-Screen Display,” filed Jan. 7, 2007, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     In some embodiments, if the user activates artists icon  4310  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), the artists category will be displayed ( FIG. 21E ). In some embodiments, such as when the artists list is arranged alphabetically, an index item/symbol (e.g., the letter A  4330 - 1 ) may remain adjacent to a respective information item subset (e.g., artists  4332  whose name begins with the letter A). When scrolling up through the list of information items (e.g., in response to an upward swipe on the touch sensitive display by the user), the index item/symbol may move to the upper edge of a window (e.g., window  4336 ,  FIG. 21F ). As the scrolling continues (e.g., in response to gesture  4334 ,  FIG. 21F ), the index item/symbol may remain there until the end of the respective information item subset is reached, at which time the index item/symbol may be replaced with a subsequent index item/symbol (e.g., the letter B  4330 - 2 ). An analogous scrolling effect is shown for the Movies  4330 - 3  and Music Videos  4330 - 4  index items in UI  4300 H and UI  4300 I ( FIGS. 21H and 21I ). Additional description of such scrolling is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,547, “Scrolling List With Floating Adjacent Index Symbols,” filed Dec. 23, 2005; Ser. No. 11/322,551, “Continuous Scrolling List With Acceleration,” filed Dec. 23, 2005; and Ser. No. 11/322,553, “List Scrolling In Response To Moving Contact Over List Of Index Symbols,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     In some embodiments, if the user activates songs icon  4312  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), the songs category will be displayed ( FIG. 21G ). 
     In some embodiments, if the user activates videos icon  4314  (e.g., by a finger tap on the icon), the video category will be displayed ( FIG. 21H ). 
       FIGS. 22A-22E  illustrate exemplary user interfaces for a calendar in accordance with some embodiments. Additional description of calendars can be found in U.S. Patent Application No. 60/883,820, “System And Method For Viewing And Managing Calendar Entries,” filed Jan. 7, 2007, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     In some embodiments, vertical and horizontal bars help a user understand what portion of a list or document is being displayed. 
       FIG. 23A  is a flow diagram illustrating a process  2300  of displaying a portion of a list of items in accordance with some embodiments. A portable multifunction device displays ( 2302 ) a portion of a list of items on a touch screen display. The displayed portion of the list has a vertical position in the list. 
     In some embodiments, the list of items is a list of contacts (e.g.  FIG. 7A ), a list of instant message conversations (e.g.  FIG. 5 ), a list of instant messages (e.g.  FIG. 6A ), a list of photo albums (e.g.  FIG. 11B ), a list of audio content (e.g.,  FIG. 21B ), a list of video content (e.g.  FIG. 14C ), a list of calendar entries (e.g.  FIG. 22C ), a list of recent calls (e.g.  FIG. 15B ), a list of mailboxes (e.g.  FIG. 17 ), a list of emails (e.g.  FIG. 19A ), a list of settings (e.g.,  FIG. 19J ), or a list of voicemail messages (e.g.  FIG. 16C ). 
     An object is detected ( 2304 ) on or near the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the object is a finger. 
     In response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the list, a vertical bar is displayed ( 2306 ) on top of the displayed portion of the list. See, for example, vertical bar  640  in  FIG. 6G , and vertical bar  1314  in  FIG. 11A . The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the list being displayed. In some embodiments, the vertical bar is located on the right hand side of the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the vertical bar is translucent or transparent. The vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the list along the major axis of the vertical bar is not covered by the vertical bar. 
     In some embodiments, a movement of the object is detected ( 2308 ) on or near the displayed portion of the list. In some embodiments, the movement of the object is on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the movement is a substantially vertical movement. 
     In response to detecting the movement, the list of items displayed on the touch screen display is scrolled ( 2310 ) so that a new portion of the list is displayed and the vertical position of the vertical bar is moved to a new position such that the new position corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed new portion of the list. In some embodiments, scrolling the list has an associated speed of translation that corresponds to a speed of movement of the object. In some embodiments, scrolling the list is in accordance with a simulation of an equation of motion having friction. 
     After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar is ceased ( 2312 ) while the displayed portion of the electronic document continues to be displayed, even though displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent less than a vertical extent of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the touch screen display ( 2314 ). In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the touch screen display for a predetermined time period ( 2316 ). In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the displayed portion of the list ( 2318 ). 
     A graphical user interface on a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises a portion of a list of items displayed on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the list has a vertical position in the list, and a vertical bar displayed on top of the portion of the list of items. In response to detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the list, the vertical bar is displayed on top of the portion of the list of items. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the list that corresponds to the vertical position in the list of the displayed portion of the list. After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar is ceased while the displayed portion of the electronic document continues to be displayed, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent that is less than a vertical extent of the electronic document. 
       FIG. 23B  is a flow diagram illustrating a process  2330  of displaying a portion of an electronic document in accordance with some embodiments. A portable multifunction device displays ( 2332 ) a portion of an electronic document on a touch screen display. The displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document. In some embodiments, the electronic document is a web page (e.g.,  FIG. 20A ). In some embodiments, the electronic document is a word processing, spreadsheet, email (e.g.,  FIG. 19B ), or presentation document. 
     An object is detected ( 2334 ) on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the object is a finger. 
     In response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, a vertical bar is displayed ( 2336 ) on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document. See for example vertical bar  1222  in  FIG. 10A  and vertical bar  3962  in  FIG. 20F . The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the vertical bar has a vertical length that corresponds to the portion of the electronic document being displayed. In some embodiments, the vertical bar is located on the right hand side of the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the vertical bar is translucent or transparent. The vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis of the vertical bar is not covered by the vertical bar (see, for example, vertical bar  1222  in  FIG. 10 , and vertical bar  3962  in  FIG. 20H ). 
     In some embodiments, a movement of the object is detected ( 2338 ) on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the movement of the object is on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the movement is a substantially vertical movement. 
     In response to detecting the movement, the electronic document displayed on the touch screen display is scrolled ( 2340 ) so that a new portion of the electronic document is displayed, and the vertical position of the vertical bar is moved to a new position such that the new position corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed new portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, scrolling the electronic document has an associated speed of translation that corresponds to a speed of movement of the object. In some embodiments, scrolling the electronic document is in accordance with a simulation of an equation of motion having friction. 
     After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar is ceased ( 2342 ). In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the touch screen display ( 2344 ). In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the touch screen display for a predetermined time period ( 2346 ). In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document ( 2348 ) while the displayed portion of the electronic document continues to be displayed, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent that is less than a vertical extent of the electronic document. 
     A graphical user interface on a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises a portion of an electronic document displayed on the touch screen display, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document, and a vertical bar displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document. In response to detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, the vertical bar is displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar is ceased while the displayed portion of the electronic document continues to be displayed, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent that is less than a vertical extent of the electronic document. 
       FIG. 23C  is a flow diagram illustrating a process  2360  of displaying a portion of an electronic document in accordance with some embodiments. A portable multifunction device displays ( 2362 ) a portion of an electronic document on a touch screen display. The displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document and a horizontal position in the electronic document. In some embodiments, the electronic document is a web page (e.g.,  FIG. 20A ). In some embodiments, the electronic document is a word processing, spreadsheet, email (e.g.,  FIG. 19B ), or presentation document. 
     An object is detected ( 2364 ) on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the object is a finger. 
     In response to detecting the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, a vertical bar and a horizontal bar are displayed ( 2366 ) on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document. See for example vertical bar  3962  and horizontal bar  3964  in  FIG. 20H . In some embodiments, the vertical bar is located on the right hand side of the displayed portion of the electronic document and the horizontal bar is located on the bottom side of the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the vertical bar and the horizontal bar are translucent or transparent. 
     The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the vertical bar has a vertical length that corresponds to the vertical portion of the electronic document being displayed. In some embodiments, the vertical bar has a major axis and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis of the vertical bar is not covered by the vertical bar. 
     The horizontal bar has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the horizontal position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the horizontal bar has a horizontal length that corresponds to the horizontal portion of the electronic document being displayed. In some embodiments, the horizontal bar has a major axis, substantially perpendicular to the major axis of the vertical bar, and a portion of the electronic document along the major axis of the horizontal bar is not covered by the horizontal bar. 
     In some embodiments, a movement of the object is detected ( 2368 ) on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document. In some embodiments, the movement of the object is on the touch screen display. 
     In response to detecting the movement, the electronic document displayed on the touch screen display is translated ( 2370 ) so that a new portion of the electronic document is displayed. In some embodiments, the electronic document is translated in a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, or a diagonal direction. In some embodiments, the electronic document is translated in accordance with the movement of the object. In some embodiments, translating the electronic document has an associated speed of translation that corresponds to a speed of movement of the object. In some embodiments, translating the electronic document is in accordance with a simulation of an equation of motion having friction. 
     In response to detecting the movement, the vertical position of the vertical bar is moved to a new vertical position such that the new vertical position corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed new portion of the electronic document. 
     In response to detecting the movement, the horizontal position of the horizontal bar is moved to a new horizontal position such that the new horizontal position corresponds to the horizontal position in the electronic document of the displayed new portion of the electronic document. 
     After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar and the horizontal bar is ceased ( 2372 ) while the displayed portion of the electronic document continues to be displayed, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent and a horizontal extent that are less than a vertical extent and horizontal extent of the electronic document, respectively. In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the touch screen display ( 2374 ). In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the touch screen display for a predetermined time period ( 2376 ). In some embodiments, the predetermined condition comprises ceasing to detect the object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document ( 2378 ). 
     A graphical user interface on a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display comprises a portion of an electronic document displayed on the touch screen display. The displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical position in the electronic document and a horizontal position in the electronic document. The GUI also comprises a vertical bar displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document, and a horizontal bar displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document. In response to detecting an object on or near the displayed portion of the electronic document, the vertical bar and the horizontal bar are displayed on top of the portion of the electronic document. The vertical bar has a vertical position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the vertical position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. The horizontal bar has a horizontal position on top of the displayed portion of the electronic document that corresponds to the horizontal position in the electronic document of the displayed portion of the electronic document. After a predetermined condition is met, the display of the vertical bar and the horizontal bar is ceased while the displayed portion of the electronic document continues to be displayed, wherein the displayed portion of the electronic document has a vertical extent and a horizontal extent that are less than a vertical extent and horizontal extent of the electronic document, respectively. 
     Vertical and horizontal bars may have, without limitation, a rectangular cross section, a rectangular cross section with rounded corners, or a racetrack oval cross section with two opposing flat sides and two opposing rounded sides. 
     In some embodiments, the vertical and/or horizontal bars appear for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 1-2 seconds) when an electronic document or list of items is first displayed, even if no object is detected on or near the electronic document or list of items. This initial display of the vertical and/or horizontal bars signals to the user that the electronic document or list of items is scrollable. 
     In some embodiments, the vertical and/or horizontal bars appear for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 1-2 seconds) when only a portion of an electronic document or list of items is first displayed, even if no object is detected on or near the electronic document or list of items. This initial display of the vertical and/or horizontal bars signals to the user that the electronic document or list of items is scrollable and that only a portion of the electronic document or list of items is being displayed. 
     As described above, the vertical and/or horizontal bars provide portable multifunction devices with more transparent and intuitive user interfaces for navigating portions of electronic documents and/or lists of items that are easy to use. In addition, the vertical and/or horizontal bars do not reduce the screen area available for the display of documents, lists, and other content. 
     The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20130204
Publication Date: 20201208
Grant Date: 20201208
Priority Date: 20070107
Inventors: FORSTALL, SCOTT
LAMIRAUX, HENRI C.
PLATZER, ANDREW EMILIO
MATAS, MICHAEL
CHAUDHRI, IMRAN
Assignee: APPLE INC
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Family ID: 39595326