PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11315880-B2
Application Number: US-202017118392-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Fabric with embedded electrical components

Abstract:
A fabric-based item may include fabric such as woven fabric having insulating and conductive yarns or other strands of material. The conductive yarns may form signal paths. Electrical components can be embedded within pockets in the fabric. Each electrical component may have an electrical device such as a semiconductor die that is mounted on an interposer substrate. The electrical device may be a light-emitting diode, a sensor, an actuator, or other electrical device. The electrical device may have contacts that are soldered to contacts on the interposer. The interposer may have additional contacts that are soldered to the signal paths. The fabric may have portions that form transparent windows overlapping the electrical components or that have other desired attributes.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A fabric-based item comprising:
 fabric having a pocket and having conductive paths; 
 an electrical component embedded in the pocket, wherein the electrical component has pads that are coupled to the conductive paths and wherein the electronic component has first and second opposing sides connected by third and fourth opposing sides; and 
 a bead of polymer that is formed over the electrical component and the conductive paths, wherein a first portion of the bead of polymer is formed on the first side of the electrical component, wherein a second portion of the bead of polymer is formed on the second side of the electrical component, wherein a third portion of the bead of polymer is formed on the third side of the electrical component, wherein a fourth portion of the bead of polymer is formed on the fourth side of the electrical component, wherein the electrical component is interposed between the first and second portions of the bead of polymer, and wherein the electrical component is interposed between the third and fourth portions of the bead of polymer. 
 
     
     
       2. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 1 , wherein the bead of polymer comprises a layer of clear polymer. 
     
     
       3. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 1 , wherein the bead of polymer is formed from a light-diffusing material. 
     
     
       4. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 1 , wherein the pads comprise solder pads and wherein the solder pads are soldered to the conductive paths. 
     
     
       5. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 1 , wherein the pads are coupled to the conductive paths using inductively melted solder. 
     
     
       6. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 1 , wherein the fabric has opaque yarns and has transparent yarns that are patterned to form a transparent window in the fabric that is aligned with the electrical component. 
     
     
       7. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 1 , wherein the electrical component comprises a semiconductor die. 
     
     
       8. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 1 , wherein the electrical component comprises a light-emitting diode. 
     
     
       9. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 1 , wherein the conductive paths comprise conductive yarns. 
     
     
       10. A fabric-based item comprising:
 fabric having a pocket and having conductive paths; and 
 an electrical component embedded in the pocket, wherein the electrical component has first and second opposing surfaces and an opening that extends from the first surface to the second surface, wherein the electrical component has a pad that is coupled to a first conductive path of the conductive paths, and wherein the pad is formed on the first surface, the second surface, and within the opening. 
 
     
     
       11. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 10 , wherein the electrical component has an edge surface that connects the first and second opposing surfaces and wherein the pad is formed on the edge surface. 
     
     
       12. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 11 , further comprising:
 solder that fills the opening and is in contact with the pad in the opening, wherein the solder couples the pad to the first conductive path. 
 
     
     
       13. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 11 , further comprising:
 solder that fills the opening and extends around at least a portion of the first surface, at least a portion of the second surface, and at least a portion of the edge surface to form a mechanical interlock, wherein the solder couples the pad to the first conductive path. 
 
     
     
       14. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 10 , wherein the electrical component comprises a semiconductor die. 
     
     
       15. A fabric-based item comprising:
 fabric having a pocket and having conductive paths; and 
 an electrical component embedded in the pocket, wherein the electrical component has a pad that is coupled to a first conductive path of the conductive paths, wherein the electrical component has first and second opposing surfaces connected by an edge surface, and wherein the pad is formed on the edge surface, the first surface, and the second surface. 
 
     
     
       16. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 15 , wherein the pad comprises a solder pad and wherein the solder pad is soldered to the first conductive path. 
     
     
       17. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 15 , wherein the pad is coupled to the first conductive path using inductively melted solder. 
     
     
       18. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 17 , wherein the first conductive path comprises conductive yarn that is captured within the inductively melted solder. 
     
     
       19. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 15 , wherein the electrical component comprises a semiconductor die. 
     
     
       20. The fabric-based item defined in  claim 15 , wherein the electrical component comprises a light-emitting diode.

Description:
This application is a continuation of U.S. non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 15/752,476, filed Feb. 13, 2018, which is a 371 of PCT patent application No. PCT/US2016/046260, filed Aug. 10, 2016, which claims priority to U.S. provisional patent application No. 62/207,521, filed Aug. 20, 2015, which are all hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     This relates generally to fabric-based items and, more particularly, to fabric-based items with embedded electrical components. 
     It may be desirable to form bags, furniture, clothing, and other items from materials such as fabric. Fabric-based items generally do not include electrical components. It may be desirable, however, to incorporate electrical components into a fabric-based item to provide a user of a fabric-based item with enhanced functionality. 
     It can be challenging to incorporate electrical components into a fabric-based item. Fabric is flexible, so it can be difficult to mount structures to fabric. Electrical components must be coupled to signal paths, but unless care is taken, signal paths will be damaged as fabric is bent and stretched. 
     It would therefore be desirable to be able to provide improved techniques for incorporating electrical components into fabric-based items. 
     SUMMARY 
     A fabric-based item may include fabric such as woven fabric having insulating and conductive yarns or other strands of material. The conductive yarns may form signal paths. Electrical components can be embedded within pockets in the fabric and may be electrically coupled to the signal paths. The fabric may have portions that form transparent windows, partially transparent windows, or translucent windows overlapping the electrical components or that have other desired attributes. Fabric that has been augmented by incorporating electrical components or other structures into the fabric may have an appearance and mechanical compliance that is similar to or identical to unmodified fabric. As a result, augmented fabric may not be noticeably different in appearance than unaugmented fabric to a person who is viewing or handling the fabric. 
     Each electrical component may have an electrical device such as a semiconductor die that is mounted on an interposer. The electrical device may be a light-emitting diode, a sensor, an actuator, or other electrical device. The electrical device may have contacts that are soldered to contacts on the interposer. The interposer may have additional contacts that are soldered to the signal paths. Metal traces in the interposer may couple the contacts to which the electrical device is coupled to the contacts to which the signal paths are coupled. 
     The interposer may be formed from a printed circuit such as a rigid printed circuit substrate layer or a flexible printed circuit substrate layer. A flexible printed circuit substrate layer may have serpentine arms that extend between a main portion of the substrate layer and contact pad support regions. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an illustrative fabric-based item in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is a side view of illustrative fabric in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is a side view of layers of material that may be incorporated into a fabric-based item in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative electrical component in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative electrical component having an electrical device mounted on an interposer in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative electrical component having multiple electrical devices mounted on an interposer in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative electrical component mounted on a substrate and covered with a bead of polymer in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative electrical component that is covered with a bead of polymer such as a translucent polymer and that overlaps a bead of polymer such as an opaque polymer bead in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 9  is a perspective view of a layer of material in a fabric-based item that includes an array of electrical components in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 10  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative fabric layer showing how a conductive strand of material such as a conductive yarn may be selectively brought to the surface of the fabric layer and used to form a contact such as a solder pad for coupling to an electrical component in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 11  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative layer of fabric having an area into which extra strands of material such as floating conductive warp yarns are being incorporated to form a contact such as a solder pad in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative component that has been incorporated into fabric in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 13  is a side view of an illustrative inductive soldering tool being used to solder an electrical component to conductive structures in a fabric in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 14  is a cross-sectional side view of a conductive yarn being coupled to a solder pad using solder in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 15  is a cross-sectional side view of a conductive yarn being coupled to an edge-plated structure with solder in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 16  is a cross-sectional side view of an illustrative conductive yarn being coupled with solder to a contact that protrudes through a substrate opening to help hold the solder in place in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view of an illustrative electrical component formed from an electrical device mounted to an interposer in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 18  is a rear view of the interposer of  FIG. 17  in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 19  is a perspective view of an illustrative electrical component having an electrical device mounted to a flexible substrate having serpentine arms in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 20  is a perspective view of an illustrative electrical component having an electrical device mounted to an interposer that has an upper surface with exposed contact pads flanking the electrical device in accordance with an embodiment. 
         FIG. 21  is a cross-sectional side view of illustrative fabric in which a pocket has been formed in accordance with an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Items such as item  10  of  FIG. 1  may be based on fabric. Item  10  may be an electronic device or an accessory for an electronic device such as a laptop computer, a computer monitor containing an embedded computer, a tablet computer, a cellular telephone, a media player, or other handheld or portable electronic device, a smaller device such as a wrist-watch device, a pendant device, a headphone or earpiece device, a device embedded in eyeglasses or other equipment worn on a user&#39;s head, or other wearable or miniature device, a television, a computer display that does not contain an embedded computer, a gaming device, a navigation device, an embedded system such as a system in which fabric-based item  10  is mounted in a kiosk, in an automobile, airplane, or other vehicle, other electronic equipment, or equipment that implements the functionality of two or more of these devices. If desired, item  10  may be a removable external case for electronic equipment, may be a strap, may be a wrist band or head band, may be a removable cover for a device, may be a case or bag that has straps or that has other structures to receive and carry electronic equipment and other items, may be a necklace or arm band, may be a wallet, sleeve, pocket, or other structure into which electronic equipment or other items may be inserted, may be part of a chair, sofa, or other seating (e.g., cushions or other seating structures), may be part of an item of clothing or other wearable item (e.g., a hat, belt, wrist band, headband, etc.), or may be any other suitable fabric-based item. 
     Item  10  may include intertwined strands of material such as monofilaments and yarns that form fabric  12 . Fabric  12  may form all or part of a housing wall or other layer in an electronic device, may form internal structures in an electronic device, or may form other fabric-based structures. Item  10  may be soft (e.g., item  10  may have a fabric surface that yields to a light touch), may have a rigid feel (e.g., the surface of item  10  may be formed from a stiff fabric), may be coarse, may be smooth, may have ribs or other patterned textures, and/or may be formed as part of a device that has portions formed from non-fabric structures of plastic, metal, glass, crystalline materials, ceramics, or other materials. 
     The strands of material in fabric  12  may be single-filament strands (sometimes referred to as fibers) or may be yarns or other strands that have been formed by intertwining multiple filaments of material together. Examples of fabric  12  formed from yarn are sometimes described herein as an example. This is, however, merely illustrative. Yarn-based fabric for item  10  may, if desired, be partly or completely formed from monofilaments. 
     The yarns in fabric  12  may be formed from polymer, metal, glass, graphite, ceramic, natural materials as cotton or bamboo, or other organic and/or inorganic materials and combinations of these materials. Conductive coatings such as metal coatings may be formed on non-conductive material. For example, plastic yarns and monofilaments in fabric  12  may be coated with metal to make them conductive. Reflective coatings such as metal coatings may be applied to make yarns and monofilaments reflective. Yarns may be formed from a bundle of bare metal wires or metal wire intertwined with insulating monofilaments (as examples). 
     Yarn may be intertwined to form fabric  12  using intertwining equipment such as weaving equipment, knitting equipment, or braiding equipment. Intertwined yarn may, for example, form woven fabric. Conductive yarn and insulating yarn may be woven, knit, braided, or otherwise intertwined to form contact pads that can be electrically coupled to conductive structures in item  10  such as the contact pads of an electrical component. 
     Conductive yarn and insulating yarn may also be woven, knit, or otherwise intertwined to form conductive paths. The conductive paths may be used in forming signal paths (e.g., signal buses, power lines, etc.), may be used in forming part of a capacitive touch sensor electrode, a resistive touch sensor electrode, or other input-output device, or may be used in forming other patterned conductive structures. Conductive structures in fabric  12  may be used in carrying power signals, digital signals, analog signals, sensor signals, control signals, data, input signals, output signals, or other suitable electrical signals. 
     Item  10  may include additional mechanical structures  14  such as polymer binder to hold yarns in fabric  12  together, support structures such as frame members, housing structures (e.g., an electronic device housing), and other mechanical structures. 
     To enhance mechanical robustness and electrical conductivity at yarn-to-yarn connections, additional structures and materials (e.g., solder, crimped metal connections, welds, conductive adhesive such as anisotropic conductive film and other conductive adhesive, non-conductive adhesive, fasteners, etc.) may be used to help form yarn-to-yarn connections. These yarn-to-yarn connections may be formed where yarns cross each other perpendicularly or at other yarn intersections where connections are desired. Insulating material can be interposed between intersecting conductive yarns at locations in which it is not desired to form a yarn-to-yarn connection. The insulating material may be plastic or other dielectric, may include an insulating yarn or a conductive yarn with an insulating coating or insulated conductive monofilaments, etc. Solder connections may be formed between conductive yarns by melting solder so that the solder flows over conductive yarns. The solder may be melted using an inductive soldering head to heat the solder, using a reflow oven to heat the solder, using a laser or hot bar to heat the solder, or using other soldering equipment. During soldering, outer dielectric coating layers (e.g., outer polymer layers) may be melted away in the presence of molten solder, thereby allowing underlying metal yarns to be soldered together. 
     Circuitry  16  may be included in item  10 . Circuitry  16  may include electrical components that are coupled to fabric  12 , electrical components that are housed within an enclosure formed by fabric  12 , electrical components that are attached to fabric  12  using welds, solder joints, adhesive bonds (e.g., conductive adhesive bonds such as anisotropic conductive adhesive bonds or other conductive adhesive bonds), crimped connections, or other electrical and/or mechanical bonds. Circuitry  16  may include metal structures for carrying current, electrical components such as integrated circuits, light-emitting diodes, sensors, and other electrical devices. Control circuitry in circuitry  16  may be used to control the operation of item  10  and/or to support communications with item  18  and/or other devices. 
     Item  10  may interact with electronic equipment or other additional items  18 . Items  18  may be attached to item  10  or item  10  and item  18  may be separate items that are configured to operate with each other (e.g., when one item is a case and the other is a device that fits within the case, etc.). Circuitry  16  may include antennas and other structures for supporting wireless communications with item  18 . Item  18  may also interact with item  10  using a wired communications link or other connection that allows information to be exchanged. 
     In some situations, item  18  may be an electronic device such as a cellular telephone, computer, or other portable electronic device and item  10  may form a cover, case, bag, or other structure that receives the electronic device in a pocket, an interior cavity, or other portion of item  10 . In other situations, item  18  may be a wrist-watch device or other electronic device and item  10  may be a strap or other fabric-based item that is attached to item  18  (e.g., item  10  and item  18  may together form a fabric-based item such as a wristwatch with a strap). In still other situations, item  10  may be an electronic device, fabric  12  may be used in forming the electronic device, and additional items  18  may include accessories or other devices that interact with item  10 . Signal paths formed from conductive yarns and monofilaments may be used to route signals in item  10  and/or item(s)  18 . 
     The fabric that makes up item  10  may be formed from yarns and/or monofilaments that are intertwined using any suitable intertwining equipment. With one suitable arrangement, which may sometimes be described herein as an example, fabric  12  may be woven fabric formed using a weaving machine. In this type of illustrative configuration, fabric may have a plain weave, a basket weave, a satin weave, a twill weave, or variations of these weaves, may be a three-dimensional woven fabric, or may be other suitable fabric. 
     A cross-sectional side view of illustrative woven fabric  12  is shown in  FIG. 2 . As shown in  FIG. 2 , fabric  12  may include yarns or other strands of material such as warp yarns  20  and weft yarns  22 . In the illustrative configuration of  FIG. 2 , fabric  12  has a single layer of woven yarns. Multi-layer fabric constructions may be used for fabric  12  if desired. 
     Fabric-based item  10  may include non-fabric materials (e.g., structures formed from plastic, metal, glass, ceramic, crystalline materials such as sapphire, etc.). These materials may be formed using molding operations, extrusion, machining, laser processing, and other fabrication techniques. In some configurations, some or all of fabric-based item  10  may include one or more layers of material such as layers  24  of  FIG. 3 . Layers  24  may include layers of polymer, metal, glass, fabric, adhesive, crystalline materials, ceramic, substrates on which components have been mounted, patterned layers of material, layers of material containing patterned metal traces, thin-film devices such as transistors, and/or other layers. 
     A side view of an illustrative electrical component of the type that may be used in fabric-based item  10  is shown in  FIG. 4 . Electrical components in item  10  such as illustrative electrical component  26  of  FIG. 4  may include discrete electrical components such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, may include connectors, may include input-output devices such as switches, buttons, light-emitting components such as light-emitting diodes, audio components such as microphones and speakers, vibrators (e.g., piezoelectric actuators that can vibrate), solenoids, electromechanical actuators, motors, and other electromechanical devices, microelectromechanical systems (MEMs) devices, pressure sensors, light detectors, proximity sensors (light-based proximity sensors, capacitive proximity sensors, etc.), force sensors (e.g., piezoelectric force sensors), strain gauges, moisture sensors, temperature sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, compasses, magnetic sensors (e.g., Hall effect sensors and magnetoresistance sensors such as giant magnetoresistance sensors), touch sensors, and other sensors, components that form displays, touch sensors arrays (e.g., arrays of capacitive touch sensor electrodes to form a touch sensor that detects touch events in two dimensions), and other input-output devices, electrical components that form control circuitry such as non-volatile and volatile memory, microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits, system-on-chip devices, baseband processors, wired and wireless communications circuitry, and other integrated circuits. Electrical components such as component  26  may be bare semiconductor dies (e.g., laser dies, light-emitting diode dies, integrated circuits, etc.) or packaged components (e.g. semiconductor dies or other devices packaged within plastic packages, ceramic packages, or other packaging structures). One or more electrical terminals such as contact pads  30  may be formed on body  28  of component  26 . Body  28  may be a semiconductor die (e.g., a laser die, light-emitting diode die, integrated circuit, etc.) or may be a package for a component (e.g., a plastic package or other dielectric package that contains one or more semiconductor dies or other electrical devices). Contacts for body  28  such as pads  30  may be protruding leads, may be planar contacts, may be formed in an array, may be formed on any suitable surfaces of body  28 , or may be any other suitable contacts for forming electrical connections to component  26 . For example, pads  30  may be metal solder pads. 
     As shown in the example of  FIG. 5 , body  28  may be mounted on a support structure such as interposer  36 . Interposer  36  may be a printed circuit, ceramic carrier, or other dielectric substrate. Interposer  36  may be larger than body  28  or may have other suitable sizes. Interposer  36  may have a planar shape with a thickness of 700 microns, more than 500 microns, less than 500 microns, or other suitable thickness. The thickness of body  28  may be 500 microns, more than 300 microns, less than 1000 microns, or other suitable thickness. The footprint (area viewed from above) of body  28  and interposer  36  may be 10 microns×10 microns, 100 microns×100 microns, more than 1 mm×1 mm, less than 10 mm×10 mm, may be rectangular, may be square, may have L-shapes, or may have other suitable shapes and sizes. 
     Interposer  36  may contain signal paths such as metal traces  38 . Metal traces  38  may have portions forming contacts such as pads  34  and  40 . Pads  34  and  40  may be formed on the upper surface of interposer  36 , on the lower surface of interposer  36 , or on the sides of interposer  36 . Conductive material such as conductive material  32  may be used in mounting body  28  to interposer  36 . Conductive material  32  may be solder (e.g., low temperature or high temperature solder), may be conductive adhesive (isotropic conductive adhesive or anisotropic conductive film), may be formed during welding, or may be other conductive material for coupling electrical device pads (body pads) such as pads  30  on body  28  to interposer pads  34 . Metal traces  38  in interposer  36  may couple pads  34  to other pads such as pads  40 . If desired, pads  40  may be larger and/or more widely spaced than pads  34 , thereby facilitating attachment of interposer  36  to conductive yarns and/or other conductive paths in item  10 . Solder, conductive adhesive, or other conductive connections may be used in coupling pads  40  to conductive yarn, conductive monofilament, printed circuit traces, or other conductive path materials in fabric-based item  10 . 
       FIG. 6  shows how interposer  36  may be sufficiently large to accommodate multiple electrical devices each with a respective body  28 . For example, multiple light-emitting diodes, sensors, and/or other electrical devices may be mounted to a common interposer such as interposer  36  of  FIG. 6 . The light-emitting diodes may be micro-light-emitting diodes (e.g., light-emitting diode semiconductor dies having footprints of about 10 microns×10 microns, more than 5 microns×5 microns, less than 100 microns×100 microns, or other suitable sizes). The light-emitting diodes may include light-emitting diodes of different colors (e.g., red, green, blue, white, etc.), infrared light, or ultraviolet light. Redundant light-emitting diodes or other redundant circuitry may be included on interposer  36 . In configurations of the type shown in  FIG. 6  in which multiple electrical devices (each with a respective body  28 ) are mounted on a common interposer, electrical component  26  may include any suitable combination of electrical devices (e.g., light-emitting diodes, sensors, integrated circuits, actuators, and/or other devices of the type described in connection with electrical component  26  of  FIG. 4 ). 
     Electrical components may be coupled to fabric structures, individual yarns or monofilaments, printed circuits (e.g., rigid printed circuits formed from fiberglass-filled epoxy or other rigid printed circuit board material or flexible printed circuits formed from polyimide substrate layers or other sheets of flexible polymer materials), metal or plastic parts with signal traces, or other structures in item  10 . In the configuration of  FIG. 7 , component  28  has been mounted to support structure  40  (e.g., a layer of fabric, a printed circuit, etc.). 
     It may be desired to cover component  26  with one or more layers of material. For example, in configurations in which component  26  is sensitive to moisture, it may be desirable to seal component  26  within a waterproof material. In configurations in which component  26  emits light, it may be desirable to cover component  26  with a light-diffusing layer such as a polymer layer including metal oxide particles (e.g., white particles of titanium dioxide), other inorganic particles, organic particles, colored particles, or other light-diffusing particles. Opaque materials and/or materials with other optical, mechanical, and/or electrical properties may also be used to cover some or all of component  26 . In the illustrative configuration of  FIG. 7 , a bead of polymer such as polymer  42  has been used to cover component  26  and an adjacent portion of the upper surface of support structure  40 . Polymer  42  may be, for example, a light-diffusing material such as a white potting compound (e.g., a polymer with white light scattering particles). Other materials may be used to cover electrical components on support structure  40  if desired. The configuration of  FIG. 7  in which a bead of light-diffusing polymer has been used to cover electrical component  26  is merely illustrative. 
       FIG. 8  shows how beads of polymer or other materials may be formed above and below component  26 . Upper bead  42  may cover component  26  and adjacent portions of support structure  40 . Lower bead  44  may cover the rear of support structure  40  under component  26 . With one illustrative arrangement, support structure  40  of  FIG. 8  is a flexible substrate layer (e.g., a flexible printed circuit layer), upper bead  42  is a light-diffusing bead of polymer, and lower bead  44  is an opaque (e.g., black) bead of light-absorbing polymer. Bead  42  may help diffuse and homogenize light emitted by component  26  in the upwards direction and bead  44  may help to block stray light that might otherwise propagate in the downwards direction (in the orientation of  FIG. 8 ). 
     The surface of support structure  40  to which bead  42  is attached may sometimes be referred to as a top surface, front surface, or outer surface of structure  40  and the surface of structure  40  to which bead  44  is attached may sometimes be referred to as a bottom surface, rear surface, or inner surface of structure  40 . Arrangements in which an opaque bead of polymer is formed on an outer surface of structure  40  and a translucent bead of polymer is formed on the inner surface (backside) of structure  40  may be used, if desired. The configuration of  FIG. 8  is presented as an example. If desired, beads of polymer or other material may be used to encapsulate component  26  and thereby protect component  26  from moisture, dust, and other contaminants, to help adhere component  26  to support structure  40 , etc. 
     One or more electrical components  26  may be included in item  10 . In some configurations, housing walls, interior housing structures, planar layers of material, and/or other layers of material may be provided with multiple components  26 . As shown in  FIG. 9 , for example, structure  46  may be provided with an array of electrical components  26 . Structure  46  may include a support structure such as support structure  40  of  FIGS. 7 and 8  (or may be a structure such as support structure  40 ). Components  26  may be arranged in a two-dimensional array (e.g., an array having rows and columns), may be arranged in a pseudo-random pattern, may be arranged in circles, lines, or triangles, or other shapes, or may be organized in other patterns. Structure  46  may be flexible and stretchable and may include outer layers of fabric or other materials. Structure  46  may be used in forming a wall for a bag, a portion of a strap, a layer in a piece of clothing or other item, or other portion of fabric-based item  10 . 
     Components  26  may be mounted on the outermost surface of structure  46 , or may be mounted in an interior portion of structure  46 . For example, structure  46  may include multiple layers of material (plastic layers, printed circuit layers, adhesive layers, fabric layers, etc.). In this type of arrangement, structure  46  may include window structures in alignment with components  26 . For example, structure  46  may include an array of light-transparent windows (partially transparent windows, translucent windows, etc.) in a configuration in which components  26  are light-emitting diodes or other light sources and/or are light detectors. As another example, components  26  may be antennas or other components that use radio-frequency electromagnetic signals. In this type of arrangement, structure  46  may include radio-transparent windows (e.g. windows formed from plastic or other dielectric that allows radio-frequency signals to pass). In configurations in which electrical components  26  are temperature sensors, the windows in structure  46  may be thermally conductive windows that allow temperature measurements to be made by components  26 . Windows may be circular, square, may form part of elongated shapes (e.g., strips of window material), may have shapes with combinations of curved and straight sides, and/or may have other suitable shapes. Configurations for structure  46  in which structure  46  has a uniform appearance (with no discernable windows) may also be used (e.g., by providing all of a fabric layer or other outer layer in structure  46  with appropriate light-transmission properties, radio-transparency properties, and/or thermal conductivity properties or other properties that are compatible with components  26 ). 
     In some configurations, item  10  may include electrical connections between components  26  and conductive paths in fabric  12 . Fabric  12  may include conductive yarns and/or conductive monofilaments for carrying signals. The yarns and/or monofilaments may be used to form fabric contact pads. Consider, as an example, fabric  12  of  FIG. 10 . As shown in  FIG. 10 , fabric  12  may contain strands of material such as warp yarns  20  and weft yarns  22 . One or more of these yarns may be conductive and may be exposed on the surface of fabric  12  to form a contact pad. In the example of  FIG. 10 , conductive yarn  22 ′ has been woven in a pattern that causes portion  22 ″ of yarn  22 ′ to form a contact pad on upper surface  50  of fabric layer  12  in region  52 . Component  26  may have contact pads such as pad  56 . Solder or other conductive material  54  may be used to couple pad  56  to the pad formed by portion  22 ″ of yarn  22 ′. In the illustrative configuration of  FIG. 10 , pad  22 ′ has been formed by selectively raising weft yarn  22 ′ to surface  50  in region  52  (e.g., using a three-dimensional weaving machine). If desired, warp yarns or other suitable strands of material in fabric  12  may be used to form contact pad  22 ′. As shown in  FIG. 11 , for example, portion  20 ′ of floating warp yarn  20  may be used in forming a contact pad on surface  50  of fabric  12  (and remaining portions of yarn  20  may be trimmed away). Embossing techniques (e.g., techniques for incorporating conductive yarns into fabric  12  using sewing equipment) may also be used to form fabric contact pads in fabric  12 . If desired, transparent yarns or yarns having other desired properties may likewise be patterned to form surface structures such as pad  22 ′ of  FIG. 11  (e.g., to from transparent windows for underlying components  26 ). The use of weaving techniques and other patterning techniques to form solder pads is merely illustrative. 
     As shown in  FIG. 12 , components  26  may be mounted within fabric  12 . In the example of  FIG. 12 , component  26  has been inserted into fabric  12  during the process of forming fabric  12  (e.g., during fabric weaving, knitting, braiding, etc.). Yarns such as yarns  22  and  20  may surround component  26  (e.g., yarns may extend over and under component  26  and/or may extend along some or all of the four edges of component  26 ). This helps secure component  26  within fabric  12 . If desired, a bead or layer of material such as material  60  may be formed over the upper and/or lower portions of component  26  and the yarns adjacent to component  26 . Optional material  60  may be, for example, a layer of clear polymer, other polymer, or other materials (see, e.g., polymer beads  42  and/or  44  of  FIG. 8 ). Material  60  may help diffuse light emitted by component  26  and may protect component  26  from dust and moisture. 
     In some configurations, it may be desirable to form conductive connections between fabric  12  and component  26  using solder. Polymer yarns that are insensitive to elevated temperatures may be used to help ensure that fabric  12  is not damaged during soldering. Inductive soldering techniques can also be used when forming soldering connections. With inductive soldering, energy from an inductive soldering tool is deposited primarily in the solder material that is being melted, so temperature rises in nearby polymer yarns can be minimized. 
       FIG. 13  is a diagram of an illustrative inductive soldering system. In the example of  FIG. 13 , a solder connection is being formed between a conductive path in fabric  12  and component  26  using inductive soldering tool  62 . Fabric  12  has warp yarns  20  and weft yarns  22 . Solder  54  is being melted by inductive soldering tool  62  and is being used to electrically and mechanically couple conductive warp yarns  20 ′ to contact pad  56  of component  26 . Component  26  has been embedded within fabric  12  (e.g., by inserting component  26  into a pocket formed in fabric  12  during weaving or formed during other yarn intertwining operations. Some yarns in fabric  12  may be sensitive to heat, so it may be desirable to avoid excessively raising the temperature of fabric  12  during soldering operations. The use of yarns that are compatible with elevated temperatures and the use of inductive soldering can help avoid damage to fabric  12  during soldering. 
     Inductive soldering tool  62  may include inductive soldering head  66 . Head  66  may have an inductor such as inductor  68  or other structure for emitting electromagnetic signals (signals  70  of  FIG. 13 ) that are electromagnetically coupled to solder  54 . When inductor  68  is powered, energy from inductor  68  may be coupled into solder  54  to melt solder  54  as shown by electromagnetic signals  70 . 
     Computer-controlled positioner  64  may be used to adjust the position of head  66  relative to fabric  12  and solder  54 . Solder  54  may initially be deposited in the form of screen-printed solder paste on solder pads  56  of component  26 . During the process of weaving or otherwise forming fabric  12 , a pocket or other structures may be formed in fabric  12  that helps fabric  12  receive electrical components  26  and that helps align solder pads  56  and the solder paste (or other form of solder) on solder pads  56  with conductive structures in fabric  12  such as illustrative conductive yarns  20 ′ of  FIG. 13 . The pocket in fabric  12  may be formed by omitting layers of fabric from internal portions of fabric layer  12 , thereby forming a pocket having a shape and size appropriate to receive component  26 . 
     The yarns in fabric  12  may be used to hold component  26  in place in an orientation in which conductive yarns  20 ′ overlap solder pad  56  and solder  54  while inductive soldering tool  62  melts solder  54  and forms a solder joint between conductive yarns  20 ′ and solder pad  56  of component  26 . Conductive yarns  20 ′ may be metal strands of material coated with a thin plastic coating that melts away when contacted by molten solder. When solder  54  is in its molten state, solder  54  may be more attracted to the metal of yarns  20 ′ (due to the affinity of solder for metal) than the polymer of adjacent insulating yarns  22  and  20 , thereby helping to localize the solder joint. This localization of the solder joint formed by solder  54  may prevent excessive heating of adjacent polymer yarns in fabric  12 . 
     In the illustrative configurations of  FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 , solder  76  (e.g., inductively melted solder) is being coupled to solder pad  74  on structure  72 . Structure  72  may be a printed circuit substrate to which component  26  is mounted, may be an interposer in an electrical component, or may be an electronic device (e.g., a semiconductor die) in an electrical component. 
     In the configuration of  FIG. 14 , conductive yarn  78  overlaps pad  74  and is coupled to pad  74  by solder  76 . Pad  74  may have a rectangular footprint or other suitable shapes and may be formed on an upper surface, lower surface, or edge surface of structure  72 . 
       FIG. 15  shows how structure  72  may be provided with a solder pad formed using edge plating or other metal deposition techniques that at least partly cover a vertical edge surface of structure  72  with metal. In edge plating arrangements, metal for solder pad  74  may be electroplated onto a peripheral portion of upper surface  82  of structure  72 , lower surface  84  of structure  72 , and peripheral edge surface  86  of structure  72 . Conductive yarn  78  may be captured within solder  76 . 
     In the arrangement of  FIG. 16 , opening  80  has been formed in structure  72 . Opening  80  may be, for example, a mechanically drilled or laser drilled via in a printed circuit or other opening in structure  72 . Edge plating techniques may be used to form contact pad structures  74  in opening  80 , on the opposing upper and lower peripheral surfaces of structure  72 , and on peripheral edge surface  86 . Inductive soldering techniques or other soldering techniques (e.g., techniques involving application of heat to solder  76  using a hot bar or reflow oven), may be used to melt solder  76  and thereby cause molten solder  76  to penetrate into opening  80 . When solder  76  cools and solidifies, the portion of solder  76  in opening  80  will form a mechanical interlock that makes it difficult to dislodge solder  76 . Conductive yarn  78  that is soldered to pad  74  in this way may be resistant to becoming dislodged due to the enhanced engagement between solder  76  and structure  72 . 
     Solder pad arrangements of the type shown in  FIGS. 14, 15, and 16  may be used for support structure  40  (e.g., a printed circuit to which one or more components  26  have been mounted), may be used for interposer  36 , and/or may be used for coupling conductive yarn or other conductive structures in fabric  12  to body  28  (e.g., an electrical device such as a semiconductor die, etc.).  FIG. 17  is a perspective view of component  26  in an illustrative configuration in which body  28  of an electrical device has been soldered to pads  34  on the upper surface of interposer  36 .  FIG. 18  is a rear view of interposer  36  of  FIG. 17 . Metal traces  38  (see, e.g.,  FIG. 5 ) may be coupled to corresponding solder pads on the lower surface of interposer  36  such as solder pads  40  of  FIG. 18 . In the example of  FIG. 18 , solder pads  18  have been located on diagonally opposed corners of the rear surface of interposer  36 . Other configurations for mounting semiconductor dies and other electrical devices on interposer  36  and in using metal traces  38  to couple these devices to solder pads  40  may be used, if desired. 
       FIG. 19  is a perspective view of an illustrative flexible interposer arrangement. In the  FIG. 19  arrangement, interposer  36  has been formed from a flexible printed circuit substrate (i.e., a flexible layer of polyimide or other flexible polymer layer). Metal traces  38  in interposer  36  may be used to couple solder pads  34  to respective solder pads  36 P. Interposer  36  may have serpentine arms such as arms  36 A that couple main interposer region  36 M to solder pad interposer regions  36 P. The user of serpentine shapes for arms  36 A may help allow the arms  36 A to flex and stretch to accommodate movement of interposer  36  within a fabric layer or other stretchable layer without damaging the metal traces within interposer  36 . In general, any suitable arm shapes (e.g., straight segments, sinusoidal serpentine segments, horseshoe-shaped segments, zig-zag shapes, etc.) may be used for arms  36 A. Interposer  36  may have any suitable number of elongated arm structures (e.g., one arm, two or more arms, three or more arms, four or more arms, etc.). 
     Solder pads  34  may be formed on the upper surface of interposer  36  in region  36 M. Inductive soldering operations with inductive soldering tool  62  ( FIG. 13 ) may be used to solder contact pads on body  28  to solder pads  34 . Solder pads  40  may be soldered to conductive yarns in fabric  12  using inductive soldering tool  62 . 
     In the example of  FIG. 20 , body  28  has been soldered to pads  34  in the center of interposer  36 . Metal traces  38  in interposer  36  may be used to couple pads  34  to respective solder pads  40 . In the illustrative arrangement of  FIG. 20 , there is one electronic device body  28  (e.g., a single semiconductor die for a light-emitting diode or other electrical device). Additional electrical device bodies  28  may be soldered to interposer  36 , if desired (e.g., to provide redundant light-emitting diodes, to provide light-emitting diodes of other colors, to incorporate one or more sensors, actuators, and/or other devices on the same interposer as one or more light-emitting diodes, etc.). Solder pads  40  may be formed on the upper surface of interposer  36  (as shown in  FIG. 20 ) or may be formed on the rear and/or side surfaces of interposer  36 . 
     A cross-sectional side view of a portion of fabric  12  into which a component such as illustrative component  26  of  FIG. 20  has been mounted is shown in  FIG. 21 . As shown in  FIG. 21 , component  26  may have a semiconductor die or other electrical device with a body  28  that is soldered to the upper surface of substrate  36 . Pads  40  may be interconnected with solder pads under body  28  using metal traces in substrate  36 . Fabric  12  may have multiple layers  12 L. Each layer may have warp yarns  20  and weft yarns  22 . Yarns  20  and  22  may be formed from polymer or other suitable materials. Conductive yarns in fabric  12  such as conductive yarns  20 ′ may form signal paths in fabric  12 . 
     Component  26  may be embedded within fabric  12  by mounting component  26  within a pocket (cavity) in fabric  12  such as pocket  92 . Pocket  92  may be formed during weaving operations (or other fabric assembly operations) and component  26  may be mounted in pocket  92  during weaving operations (or other fabric assembly operations). Pocket  92  may be formed by changing the architecture of the fabric using two or more of fabric layers  12 L. Pocket  92  may help orient component  26  so that solder pads  40  (and solder paste on pads  40 ) are aligned with respective conductive yarns  20 ′. During operation of item  10 , conductive yarns  20 ′ may carry signals between component  26  and other circuitry in item  10 . 
     Conductive yarns  20 ′ may be metal-coated polymer yarns, metal wires, or other conductive yarns. With one illustrative arrangement, each yarn  20 ′ may include multiple monofilaments of polymer core material surrounded by a conductive coating and covered with a thin outer polymer layer that is melted away during soldering operations. Other conductive yarns may be used in forming signal paths for fabric  12 , if desired. 
     If desired, component  26  may emit and/or detect light. To permit light to pass through the upper portions of fabric  12 , at least some of the yarns in fabric  12  may be formed from transparent material (e.g., transparent polymer, translucent material that allows light to pass while diffusing the light, etc.). As an example, warp yarns  20 T and weft yarn  22 T may be formed from transparent polymer. In window regions such as region  90  that are aligned with respective components  26 , transparent weft yarns  22 T may be brought to the surface of fabric  12  from buried layer  12 LE, as shown in  FIG. 21  (i.e., transparent yarn  22 T may be used in forming the uppermost one, two, or more than two of layers  12 L in region  90 ). Transparent warp yarns  20 T may also be woven into this portion of fabric  12  in region  90 . In this way, a transparent window may be formed above each pocket  92  and its associated light-based component  26 . The remainder of fabric  12  may be formed from opaque yarns (e.g., colored yarns, white yarns, black yarns, or other yarns that block light). 
     In addition to forming optically transparent windows in fabric  12  (e.g., a window formed from transparent yarns  20 T and  22 T in region  90  of fabric  12  in the example of  FIG. 21 ), yarns may be patterned in fabric  12  to form other types of windows (or to ensure that the upper layers  12 L of fabric  12  have appropriate properties). These other types of windows may include, for example, regions in which fabric  12  is radio transparent (to support radio-frequency communications with overlapped radio-frequency components  26 ), regions in which the yarns of fabric  12  are loosely woven to facilitate the passage of sound, regions in which the yarns of fabric  12  have been selected to facilitate the passage of heat, near-field electromagnetic signals, or direct-current electric fields (e.g., to permit a capacitive touch sensor formed from components  26  to operate satisfactorily), regions in which the yarns of fabric  12  have been selectively configured to facilitate the transmission and/or reception of vibrations or other mechanical forces (e.g., to permit an actuator such as a piezoelectric vibrator to transmit vibrations through fabric  12  or to permit force input to be received by a button, force sensor, or strain gauge component), or regions in which the yarns of fabric  12  have been selectively configured to otherwise accommodate aligned electrical components  26 . Embossing techniques, floating warp yarn techniques, and other techniques may, if desired, be used in forming these fabric structures in region  90 . There may be one electrical component  26  in each pocket  92  within fabric  12  or there may be an array of components  26  each of which is mounted within a respective pocket within fabric  12  (see, e.g., the array of components  26  in layer  46  of  FIG. 9 , which may be a layer of material such as fabric  12  of  FIG. 21  or other fabric  12  having pockets (cavities)  92  for receiving components  26 ). 
     In accordance with an embodiment, a fabric-based item is provided that includes fabric having a pocket and having conductive paths, and an electrical component embedded in the pocket, the electrical component has pads that are coupled to the conductive paths. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the pads include solder pads and the solder pads are soldered to the conductive paths. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the fabric has opaque yarns and has transparent yarns that are patterned to form a transparent window in the fabric that is aligned with the electrical component. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the electrical component includes an interposer, and an electrical device soldered to the interposer. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the electrical device includes a semiconductor die. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the conductive paths include conductive yarns. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the interposer has first solder pads that are soldered to the solder pads of the electrical component and has second solder pads that are soldered to the conductive yarns. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the electrical device includes a light-emitting diode. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the interposer includes a substrate with opposing first and second surfaces and the first solder pads and the second solder pads are formed on the first surface. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the electrical component includes a semiconductor die, and an interposer to which the semiconductor is mounted. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the conductive paths include conductive yarns and the interposer includes a substrate with opposing first and second surfaces, first solder pads on the first surface that are soldered to the conductive yarns, and second solder pads on the first surface that are soldered to the semiconductor die. 
     In accordance with an embodiment, a fabric-based item is provided that includes woven fabric having strands of material including at least some conductive strands of material, and an electrical component that is mounted in a pocket in the woven fabric, the electrical component includes an electrical device that has contact pads and that is mounted on an interposer, the interposer has first pads that are coupled to the conductive strands of material and has second pads that are coupled to the contact pads of the electrical device. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the first pads include first solder pads that are soldered to the conductive strands and the second pads include second solder pads that are soldered to the contact pads. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the woven fabric includes opaque strands of material and transparent strands of material. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the electrical component includes a light-emitting diode that emits light that passes through a transparent region formed from the transparent strands of material. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the electrical device includes an actuator. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the electrical device includes a sensor. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the electrical device includes a semiconductor die on which the contact pads are formed. 
     In accordance with an embodiment, apparatus is provided that includes a semiconductor die having a contact pad, a printed circuit substrate having a first pad, a second pad, and a metal trace that interconnects the first and second pads, the first pad is coupled to the contact pad of the semiconductor die, and fabric having a cavity that receives the semiconductor die and at least part of the printed circuit substrate, the fabric includes at least one conductive path that is coupled to the second pad. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the first pad is a solder pad that is soldered to the contact pad of the semiconductor die and the second pad is a solder pad that is soldered to the conductive path. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the fabric includes woven fabric and the fabric includes conductive yarn that forms the conductive path. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the printed circuit substrate includes a flexible printed circuit substrate having a main portion and a serpentine arm that extends from the main portion, the first solder pad is on the main portion adjacent to a first end of one of the serpentine arm, and the second solder pad is on an opposing second end of the serpentine arm. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the fabric includes opaque yarn and transparent yarn and the fabric is woven so that a portion of the transparent yarn overlaps the semiconductor die. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the apparatus includes a bead of polymer that covers the semiconductor die. 
     In accordance with another embodiment, the printed circuit substrate has an opening and the conductive path is soldered to the second solder pad with solder that penetrates into the opening. 
     The foregoing is merely illustrative and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The foregoing embodiments may be implemented individually or in any combination.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20201210
Publication Date: 20220426
Grant Date: 20220426
Priority Date: 20150820
Inventors: SUNSHINE, Daniel D.
DRZAIC, PAUL S.
PODHAJNY, DANIEL A.
KINDLON, DAVID M.
KIM, HOON SIK
CREWS, KATHRYN P.
HSU, YUNG-YU
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H10H20/857", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H10H20/857", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L24/16", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L2924/12041", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B81B2201/03", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L2224/16227", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D03D11/02", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A41D2500/20", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D03D1/0088", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L23/5386", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L23/5386", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D10B2401/18", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D03D1/0088", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B81B7/007", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D10B2401/16", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A41D2500/20", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D10B2401/18", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D10B2401/16", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D10B2401/18", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L23/5387", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D03D1/0088", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L23/5387", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B81B2201/02", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L2924/1461", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L2224/16227", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L2924/12041", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A41D27/205", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D10B2401/16", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A41D27/205", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D03D11/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D03D11/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L24/16", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L23/5387", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B81B7/007", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L33/62", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L2224/16227", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D03D1/0088", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D03D11/02", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B81B2201/03", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "B81B2201/02", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L2924/12041", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D10B2401/18", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L2924/1461", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "D10B2401/16", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A41D2500/20", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L24/16", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01L23/5386", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A41D27/205", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 56883851