PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-12167217-B2
Application Number: US-202017134096-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Electro-acoustic transducer diaphragm with integrated structural features, and related systems and methods

Abstract:
An electro-acoustic transducer has an acoustic diaphragm and a voice-coil. The diaphragm defines a first major surface. A flange extends from the diaphragm in a direction opposite the first major surface. The voice-coil has a first plurality of windings positioned adjacent to the acoustic diaphragm and a second plurality of windings positioned distally from the acoustic diaphragm. The flange overlaps the first plurality of windings. The flange and the windings can be adhesively bonded with each other to form a lap joint. The lap joint can transfer force from the voice-coil to the diaphragm.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An electro-acoustic transducer comprising:
 a unitary member comprising:
 an acoustic diaphragm and a pedestal integrally formed with the acoustic diaphragm, the acoustic diaphragm defining a first major surface and an opposed second major surface, wherein each of the first major surface and the opposed second major surface defines a corresponding major axis and a minor axis, with each respective major axis being longer than the corresponding minor axis, wherein the pedestal extends transversely from the second major surface, the acoustic diaphragm defining an outer periphery, and 
 a stiffener integrally formed with the diaphragm and extending from the first major surface and along the acoustic diaphragm toward the outer periphery, the stiffener comprising an elongate rib having a longitudinal axis and defining a cross-sectional area that tapers along the longitudinal axis and toward the outer periphery. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The electro-acoustic transducer of  claim 1 , wherein the pedestal extends from the second major surface at a position adjacent the outer periphery. 
     
     
       3. The electro-acoustic transducer of  claim 1 , wherein the acoustic diaphragm defines a cantilevered region, and the stiffener is integrally formed with the cantilevered region. 
     
     
       4. The electro-acoustic transducer of  claim 1 , wherein the stiffener modifies a break-up frequency mode of the diaphragm. 
     
     
       5. The electro-acoustic transducer of  claim 1 , further comprising a drive element, wherein the drive element includes a coil having a first plurality of windings positioned adjacent to the acoustic diaphragm and a second plurality of windings positioned distally from the acoustic diaphragm. 
     
     
       6. The electro-acoustic transducer of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a drive element; and 
 an adhesively bonded lap joint coupling the drive element to the pedestal of the unitary member. 
 
     
     
       7. The electro-acoustic transducer of  claim 6 , wherein the adhesively bonded lap joint comprises an adhesive that spans a gap between the pedestal and the drive element. 
     
     
       8. An electronic device, comprising:
 an acoustic enclosure; and 
 an electro-acoustic transducer disposed in the acoustic enclosure, the electro-acoustic transducer comprising:
 a unitary member that includes an acoustic diaphragm and a pedestal integrally formed with the acoustic diaphragm, the acoustic diaphragm defining a first major surface and an opposed second major surface, wherein each of the first major surface and the opposed second major surface defines a corresponding major axis and a minor axis, with each respective major axis being longer than the corresponding minor axis, wherein the pedestal extends transversely from the second major surface, wherein:
 the acoustic diaphragm defines an outer periphery, 
 the unitary member further comprises a stiffener extending from the first major surface and along the acoustic diaphragm toward the outer periphery, 
 the stiffener comprises an elongate rib having a longitudinal axis and defining a cross-sectional area, and 
 the cross-sectional area tapers along the longitudinal axis and toward the outer periphery. 
 
 
 
     
     
       9. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the pedestal extends from the second major surface at a position adjacent the outer periphery. 
     
     
       10. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the stiffener is integrally formed with the acoustic diaphragm. 
     
     
       11. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the stiffener modifies a break-up frequency mode of the acoustic diaphragm. 
     
     
       12. The electronic device of  claim 8 , further comprising a drive element, wherein the drive element includes a coil having a first plurality of windings positioned adjacent to the acoustic diaphragm and a second plurality of windings positioned distally from the acoustic diaphragm. 
     
     
       13. The electronic device of  claim 8 , wherein the electronic device is a standalone electronic device, and wherein the acoustic enclosure forms a housing of the standalone electronic device. 
     
     
       14. The electronic device of  claim 13 , wherein the electronic device comprises a wearable electronic device. 
     
     
       15. The electronic device of  claim 8 , further comprising:
 a drive element; and 
 an adhesively bonded lap joint coupling the drive element to the pedestal of the unitary member. 
 
     
     
       16. The electronic device of  claim 15 , wherein the adhesively bonded lap joint comprises an adhesive that spans a gap between the pedestal and the drive element. 
     
     
       17. A method of operating an electronic device, the method comprising:
 providing a current to a drive element of an electro-acoustic transducer, the electro-acoustic transducer comprising a unitary member that includes an acoustic diaphragm and a pedestal integrally formed with the acoustic diaphragm, the acoustic diaphragm defining a first major surface and an opposed second major surface, wherein each of the first major surface and the opposed second major surface defines a corresponding major axis and a minor axis, with each respective major axis being longer than the corresponding minor axis, wherein the pedestal extends transversely from the second major surface, wherein the acoustic diaphragm defines an outer periphery; 
 integrally forming a stiffener with the acoustic diaphragm, wherein the stiffener extends from the first major surface and along the acoustic diaphragm toward the outer periphery, the stiffener comprising an elongate rib having a longitudinal axis and defining a cross-sectional area that tapers along the longitudinal axis and toward the outer periphery; and 
 driving motion of the acoustic diaphragm with the drive element. 
 
     
     
       18. The method of  claim 17 , wherein the drive element comprises a voice coil and wherein providing the current to the drive element comprises passing the current through windings of the voice coil. 
     
     
       19. The method of  claim 17 , wherein driving the motion of the acoustic diaphragm with the drive element comprises driving the motion via an adhesively bonded lap joint coupling the drive element to the pedestal of the unitary member. 
     
     
       20. The method of  claim 17 , further comprising molding silicone over the acoustic diaphragm.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/149,307, entitled “Electro-Acoustic Transducer Diaphragm with Integrated Structural Features, and Related Systems and Methods,” filed Oct. 2, 2018, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/725,103, entitled “Electro-Acoustic Transducer Diaphragm with Integrated Structural Features, and Related Systems and Methods,” filed Aug. 30, 2018, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     This application and related subject matter (collectively referred to as the “disclosure”) generally concern electro-acoustic transducers, and related systems and methods. 
     BACKGROUND INFORMATION 
     Electronic devices can include one or more electro-acoustic transducers to emit sound. Given size constraints, some electronic devices incorporate electro-acoustic transducers configured as so-called “micro-speakers.” Examples of micro-speakers include a loudspeaker transducer found within an earphone, a headphone, a smart-phone, or other similar compact electronic device, such as, for example, a wearable electronic device, a portable time-piece, or a tablet-, notebook-, or laptop-computer. 
     SUMMARY 
     In some respects, concepts disclosed herein broadly concern electro-acoustic transducers, and more particularly, but not exclusively, loudspeaker transducers. More particularly, but not exclusively, this disclosure pertains to loudspeakers that include a diaphragm having integrated structural features, such as, for example, a pedestal suitable for lap-joining with a movable portion of an electric driver (e.g., a voice coil). As but one other illustrative example, a disclosed loudspeaker diaphragm can include one or more supplemental stiffeners, as to modify a break-up frequency mode of the diaphragm. 
     Some disclosed transducers include a diaphragm having integrated structural features that improve a physical robustness of the transducer. For example, some disclosed structures are suitable for improving a physical connection with a drive element. As well, some disclosed structural features can improve a physical robustness of the transducer and/or alleviate manufacturing defects. Such structural features can modify a break-up frequency, e.g., by moving a break-up frequency mode outside an audible frequency band. As a consequence, some disclosed electro-acoustic transducers can be driven through larger excursions and with more force than conventional electro-acoustic transducers, providing improved fidelity and louder playback compared to prior electro-acoustic transducers. 
     According to a first aspect, an electro-acoustic transducer includes an acoustic diaphragm defining a first major surface and an opposed second major surface. A pedestal extends transversely from the second major surface. The acoustic diaphragm and the pedestal form a unitary construct. The electro-acoustic transducer also includes a drive element. The pedestal and the drive element are positioned in an overlapping registration with each other. 
     The pedestal can define an outer surface and the voice-coil can define a corresponding inner surface. The electro-acoustic transducer can further include an adhesively bonded lap joint between the outer surface of the pedestal and the inner surface of the voice-coil. 
     The pedestal can define an inner surface and the voice-coil can define a corresponding outer surface. The electro-acoustic transducer can further include an adhesively bonded lap joint between the inner surface of the pedestal and the outer surface of the voice-coil. 
     The drive element can have a plurality of layers of an electrically conductive filament. The overlapping registration between the drive element and the pedestal can include an overlapping relationship between the pedestal and the plurality of layers of the electrically conductive filament. In some instances, the drive element extends from a proximal end positioned adjacent the acoustic diaphragm to a distal end spaced apart from the acoustic diaphragm. The plurality of layers in overlapping relationship with the pedestal can include a first plurality of layers positioned adjacent the proximal end of the drive element. The drive element can further include a second plurality of layers of the electrically conductive filament. 
     The voice-coil of some disclosed electro-acoustic transducers can extend longitudinally from a proximal end positioned adjacent the acoustic diaphragm to a distal end spaced apart from the acoustic diaphragm. The overlapping registration between the voice-coil and the pedestal can include an overlapping relationship between the pedestal and the proximal end of the voice-coil. 
     The overlapping registration between the voice-coil and the pedestal can further include an adhesive bond between the pedestal and the voice-coil. 
     According to another aspect, an electro-acoustic transducer includes an acoustic diaphragm defining a first major surface and an opposed second major surface. Each of the first major surface and the opposed second major surface defines a corresponding major axis and a minor axis. Each respective major axis is longer than the corresponding minor axis. The electro-acoustic transducer includes a pedestal extending transversely from the second major surface, and a drive element. The electro-acoustic transducer also includes an adhesively bonded lap joint between the drive element and the pedestal. 
     The acoustic diaphragm and the pedestal can form a unitary construct. 
     The acoustic diaphragm can define an outer periphery. The pedestal can extend from the second major surface at position adjacent the outer periphery. 
     The acoustic diaphragm can define an outer periphery and the lap joint can be positioned inwardly of the outer periphery. 
     The electro-acoustic transducer can further include a stiffener extending from the first major surface and along the acoustic diaphragm toward the outer periphery. Such a stiffener can be integrally formed with the diaphragm. Such a stiffener can include an elongate rib having a longitudinal axis and defining a cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional area can taper along the longitudinal axis and toward the outer periphery. A stiffener can modify a break-up frequency mode of the diaphragm. 
     According to yet another aspect, an electro-acoustic transducer can include an acoustic diaphragm defining a first major surface and a flange extending opposite the first major surface. A voice-coil has a first plurality of windings positioned adjacent to the acoustic diaphragm and a second plurality of windings positioned distally from the acoustic diaphragm. The flange overlaps the first plurality of windings. 
     The electro-acoustic transducer can include an adhesive bond between the flange and the first plurality of windings. 
     The first plurality of windings can have fewer windings than the second plurality of windings such that the first plurality of windings is thinner than the second plurality of windings. 
     The first major surface can define a major axis and a minor axis. 
     The electro-acoustic transducer can also include a transducer chassis and a surround member extending from the chassis to the acoustic diaphragm. The acoustic diaphragm can also defines a boss extending from the first major surface at a position adjacent the surround member. 
     Also disclosed are associated methods, as well as audio appliances and audio accessories that incorporate disclosed electro-acoustic transducers. 
     The foregoing and other features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Referring to the drawings, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views and this specification, aspects of presently disclosed principles are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation. 
         FIG.  1    illustrates aspects of an electro-acoustic transducer. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates aspects of another electro-acoustic transducer having a diaphragm with one or more integrated structural features. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates an exploded view of a diaphragm and drive-member assembly. 
         FIG.  4    schematically illustrates detail of the electro-acoustic transducer within the dashed circle “IV” shown in  FIG.  2   . 
         FIG.  5    illustrates aspects of the diaphragm shown in  FIG.  4   . 
         FIG.  6 A  schematically illustrates aspects of a drive element as in  FIG.  4   . 
         FIG.  6 B  schematically illustrates aspects of another configuration of a drive element as in  FIG.  4   . 
         FIG.  7    schematically illustrates an alternative arrangement to the diaphragm-and-drive assembly shown in  FIG.  4   . 
         FIGS.  8  through  10    illustrate other alternative configurations of a diaphragm-and-drive assembly. 
         FIG.  11    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken alone section line XI-XI in  FIG.  2   . 
         FIG.  12    illustrates a top-plan view from above a diaphragm having integrated stiffener members extending from an upper major surface. In  FIG.  9   , the upper major surface is shown and aspects of the pedestal extending below an opposed lower major surface are shown in relief. 
         FIG.  13    illustrates a cross-sectional view of the diaphragm shown in  FIG.  12    taken along section line XIII-XIII and to the left of section line XIIIa-XIIIa. 
         FIG.  14    schematically illustrates an intermediate construct during an over-molding process. A portion of a diaphragm has integrated structural features that can inhibit a flow of excess material and thus reduce so-called “flash” formation. 
         FIG.  15    illustrates aspects of the electro-acoustic transducer shown in  FIG.  2    assembled with an acoustic enclosure. 
         FIG.  16    illustrates a block diagram showing aspects of an audio appliance. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following describes various principles related to electro-acoustic transducers, and related systems and methods. For example, some disclosed principles pertain to structural features of electro-acoustic transducers that modify structural robustness of a transducer diaphragm compared to prior diaphragms. That said, descriptions herein of specific transducer, appliance, apparatus or system configurations, and specific combinations of method acts, are but particular examples of contemplated transducers, appliances, components, systems, and methods chosen as being convenient illustrative examples of disclosed principles. One or more of the disclosed principles can be incorporated in various other combinations to achieve any of a variety of corresponding, desired characteristics. Thus, a person of ordinary skill in the art, following a review of this disclosure, will appreciate that transducers, appliances, components, systems, and methods having attributes that are different from those specific examples discussed herein can embody one or more presently disclosed principles, and can be used in applications not described herein in detail. Such alternative embodiments also fall within the scope of this disclosure. 
     I. Overview 
     Some disclosed electro-acoustic transducers incorporate one or more selected structural features suitable for micro-speakers. For example, such structural features can provide micro-speakers with improved structural robustness, audio fidelity, long-term reliability, or other enhancements, compared to prior electro-acoustic transducers. Such structural features can include one or more protrusions from one or both major surfaces of a diaphragm. Similarly, such structural features can include one or more grooves, channels, conduits, apertures or other recesses formed in one or both major surfaces. 
     II. Electro-Acoustic Transducers 
     Referring to the cross-sectional view in  FIG.  1   , an electro-acoustic transducer  10  can have an acoustic radiator (e.g., a diaphragm)  12  physically coupled with an electrically drive element  14 . The acoustic radiator defines a first major surface  12   a  and an opposed major surface  12   b , both of which extend into and out of the page as shown in  FIG.  1   . 
     The drive element  14  can include a bobbin or other member combined with one or more windings of, e.g., an electrically conductive filament. In one aspect, the drive element is formed as a laminated construct, with each layer having a corresponding winding. In another aspect, the drive element does not include a bobbin, but rather is formed from laminated windings of a filament. The drive element  14  can have an annular or an elongated shape to yield a cross-section as depicted in  FIG.  1   . The conductive wire (e.g., copper clad aluminum) is sometimes referred to as a “voice coil wire.” Such a bobbin is sometimes referred to in the art as a “voice-coil former” or “former,” and the one or more windings is sometimes referred to in the art as a “voice-coil” or “coil.” 
     The voice coil former (or the voice coil, when the former is omitted) can be physically attached, e.g., bonded, to the major surface  12   b  of the acoustic diaphragm  12 . For example, a first end of the voice coil  14  can be chemically or otherwise physically bonded to the second major surface  12   b  of the acoustic diaphragm  12 . The bond can provide a platform for transmitting mechanical force and mechanical stability to the diaphragm  12 . Such mechanical force can be generated between a voice coil and a surrounding magnet. 
     As an example, the drive element  14  can be positioned in a gap between one or more permanent magnets  16   a ,  16   b  (e.g., an NdFeB magnet) such that the member  14  is immersed in a static magnetic field generated by the one or more magnets. An electrical current can pass through the coil and induce a corresponding magnetic field. The induced magnetic field from the coil can interact with the static magnetic field of the magnets  16   a ,  16   b  to urge the coil, and thus the diaphragm  12  to which the drive element  14  is attached, to move. 
     As the electric current varies in strength and direction, the magnitude of the magnetic forces urging the electrically drive element  14  can vary in magnitude and direction, thus causing the electrically drive element to reciprocate, e.g., as a piston. Such reciprocation is indicated by the double-ended arrows overlying the drive element  14 . Further, a physical connection  13  between the drive element  14  and the acoustic diaphragm  12  can transmit a reciprocating, pistonic movement of the drive element to the diaphragm. As the respective current or voltage potential alternates, e.g., at an audible frequency, the voice coil  14  (and diaphragm  12 ) can move, e.g., reciprocate pistonically, and radiate sound. 
     The transducer module  10  has a frame  17  and a suspension system  15  supportively coupling the acoustic diaphragm  12  with the frame. The diaphragm  12  can be stiff (or rigid) and lightweight. Ideally, the diaphragm  12  exhibits perfectly pistonic motion. The diaphragm, sometimes referred to as a cone or a dome, e.g., in correspondence with its selected shape, may be formed from aluminum, paper, plastic, composites, or other materials that provide high stiffness, low mass, and are suitably formable during manufacture. 
     The suspension system  15  generally provides a restoring force to the diaphragm  12  following an excursion driven by interactions of the magnetic fields from the driven voice-coil member  14  and the magnet(s)  16   a ,  16   b . Such a restoring force can return the diaphragm  12  to a neutral position, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  1   . The suspension system  15  can maintain the voice coil in a desired range of positions relative to the magnet(s)  16   a ,  16   b . For example, the suspension  15  can provide for controlled axial motion along an axis, z, transverse to the diaphragm  12  (e.g., pistonic motion) while largely preventing lateral motion or tilting that could cause the drive element  14  to strike other motor components, such as, for example, the magnet(s)  16   a ,  16   b  or a member affixed to one of the magnets. As used herein, reference to a “magnet” means a magnet or a magnet assembly. A magnet assembly, in turn, may include a magnet physically coupled with, for example, another member or a coating. For example, a steel plate or other magnetic conductor can be affixed to a magnet to form a magnet assembly. 
     A measure of resiliency (e.g., a position-dependent stiffness) of the suspension  15  can be chosen to match a force vs. deflection characteristic of the motor system (e.g., the voice coil and magnets  16   a ,  16   b ). The illustrated suspension system  15  includes a surround extending outward of an outer periphery  15   a  of the diaphragm  12 . The surround member can be formed from a polyurethane foam material, a silicone material, or other pliant material. In some instances, the surround may be compressed into a desired shape by heat and pressure applied to a material in a mold or die, for example. 
     A connection  13  between the drive element  14  and the diaphragm  12  may involve attaching an edge  14   a  of the drive element to the second major surface  12   b , e.g., a flat region defined by the second major surface  12   b . However, such a bond may be relatively weak, largely due to a relatively small contact area between the edge  14   a  of the drive element and the second major surface  12   b  of the diaphragm. Consequently, fillets  13   a  may be formed to strengthen the connection  13 . 
     However, fillets  13   a  occupy a finite volume apart from the driven element  14  and diaphragm  12 , and many commercially desirable electronic devices are quite small. Consequently, other components, e.g., the permanent magnet  16   a , may be complementarily contoured, as to prevent interference between the fillet  13   a  and the magnet  16   a  during excursions of the diaphragm  12 . As shown in  FIG.  1   , a top surface  18  of the magnet  16   a  has a chamfer  18   a  contoured in correspondence with the fillet  13   a , as to prevent interference of the fillet with the magnet  16   a  during a “downward” diaphragm excursion. Forming such a chamfer  18   a  can, in some instances, require secondary machining or other processing. 
     Further, a loudspeaker diaphragm  12  can buckle or resonate when driven with sufficient force and/or at certain, e.g., resonant, frequencies. Such buckling or resonating is sometimes referred in the art as “break up” and can occur at certain “break-up mode” frequencies. Such break-up buckling or resonating can degrade fidelity of the loudspeaker and reduce reliability of the connection  13 . Accordingly, given their limited physical size and structural features (e.g., the joint  13 ), output levels attainable by a micro-speaker as in  FIG.  1    may be limited. 
     Referring now to  FIG.  2   , an improved electro-acoustic transducer can have a diaphragm  22  defining a first major surface  22   a  and an opposed second major surface  22   b . As with the transducer shown in  FIG.  1   , the transducer shown in  FIG.  2    can include a drive element  24  (e.g., a voice-coil member) physically coupled with the diaphragm  22 , and the drive element  24  can have a voice coil immersed in a static magnetic field, e.g., associated with the magnets  26   a ,  26   b . And, as in  FIG.  1   , the diaphragm  22  can be coupled to a frame by way of the suspension system  15 . 
     However, unlike the transducer in  FIG.  1   , a pedestal  23  (or flange) can extend from the second major surface  22   b  of the diaphragm  22 . The pedestal  23  can be suitable for lap-joining the diaphragm  22  with the movable drive element  24 . Some unitary diaphragm/pedestal members are formed using an injection-molding process. Injection-molding processes can provide flexibility and form a wide variety of integrated structural features in a unitary, acoustic diaphragm. Some representative structural features are described in detail below. 
     The exploded view in  FIG.  3    illustrates aspects of a lap joint between a diaphragm  32  and a drive element  34  similar to that shown in  FIG.  2   . In  FIG.  3   , the diaphragm  32  and a pedestal  33  form a unitary construct. The pedestal  33  extends from the second major surface  32   b  to a distal face  36 , and defines a recessed inner region  35 . The drive element  34  defines a shoulder  37  and a proximal end face  38 . A shear face  39  extends from the shoulder  37  to the proximal end face  38 . The pedestal  33  and the drive element  34  can be positioned in an overlapping registration with each other such that the proximal end face  38  of the driven element  34  can be received in the recessed inner region  35  of the pedestal  33 . Such registration between the diaphragm and the drive element can facilitate assembly of an electro-acoustic transducer, as by aligning the diaphragm and the drive element with respect to each other. As well, such alignment can improve concentricity of the components and improve audio fidelity of the resulting loudspeaker transducer. For example, properly aligned drivers and diaphragms can maintain a higher degree of pistonic motion as the diaphragm is driven through excursions. It should be noted that although a shoulder  37  is depicted, the wall defining the shear face  39  can extend longitudinally uninterrupted to a distal end of the drive element  34 , eliminating the shoulder  37 . 
     Additional aspects of connections between diaphragms and drive elements are described below. For example,  FIG.  4    illustrates detail in the dashed circle “IV” shown in  FIG.  2   . As shown the pedestal  23  can extend from a proximal end adjoining (e.g., being integrally formed with) the second major surface  22   b  of the diaphragm  22  to define a unitary diaphragm-and-pedestal construct. A distal region of the pedestal  23  can (but need not) define a contour that is complementarily shaped relative to a corresponding proximal end of the drive element  24  (sometimes also referred to as a driver). The pedestal  23  and the drive element  24  can be positioned in an overlapping registration with each other, and the lap joint  25  can include an adhesive  21  spanning a gap between the pedestal  23  and the driver  24 . 
     As an example, by way of reference to  FIGS.  5 ,  6 A and  6 B , the distal region of the pedestal  23  can define a stepped region, and the proximal region of the driver  24  can define a complementary stepped region. For example, a portion of the pedestal  23  can be recessed from a distal end face  41  to define a shoulder  43 . An inwardly facing (e.g., relative to the inner magnet  26   a ) shear face  42  can span the distance from the distal end face  41  to the shoulder  43 . Similarly, the drive element  24  can define a proximal face  52  and a shoulder  54 . An outwardly facing shear face  55  can span the distance from the proximal end face  52  to the shoulder  54 . When joined to form the lap joint  25  shown in  FIG.  4   , the proximal face  52  of the driver  24  can be positioned in an opposed relation to the shoulder  43  of the pedestal  24 . Similarly, the shear face  42  of the pedestal can be positioned in an opposed relation to the shear face  55  of the driver  24 . And, the distal end face  41  of the pedestal  23  can be positioned in opposed relation to the shoulder  54  of the driver  24 . 
     An adhesive  21  ( FIG.  4   ), e.g., a thermally sensitive adhesive, a curable expoxy, or another suitable adhesive material, can fill a gap between the faces and shoulders of the pedestal and driver to form a lap joint  25 . Such a lap joint can bond the pedestal  23  with the driver  24 . 
       FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  show detail lacking from the cross-sectional views in  FIG.  2   . As noted above and shown in  FIG.  6 A , a bobbin  51  can support one or more windings of an electrically conductive filament. In  FIGS.  6 A and  6 B , the illustrated drivers  24 ,  24 ′ have a first winding region  53  and a second winding region  56 . The first winding region  53  extends from a proximal end face  52  of the driver  24  to an opposed distal end of the driver. By contrast, the second winding region  56  extends from the shoulder  54  to the opposed distal end of the driver  24 , leaving a region of the first winding region  53  exposed to define the shear face  55 . The first winding region  53  can have any positive number of windings. The second winding region  56  can have any selected number of windings, including zero windings. The drive element  24  in  FIG.  6    includes a bobbin (or coil former)  51  and the drive element  24 ′ in  FIG.  6 A  omits the bobbin  51 . In  FIG.  6 A , the windings forming the coil form a laminated construct having sufficient stiffness as not to require a bobbin. 
     Alternative arrangements of the diaphragm,  22 , the pedestal  23  and the drive element  24  also are possible. For example, although the pedestal  23  in  FIGS.  4  and  5    is shown as defining an inwardly facing shear face  42 , a pedestal  23   b  ( FIG.  7   ) can define an outwardly facing shear face. Similarly, a drive element  24   a  ( FIG.  7   ) can define an inwardly facing shear face to form an alternative lap joint  25   b  in an alternative arrangement  60 . 
       FIGS.  8  through  10    show other possible arrangements. In  FIG.  8   , the pedestal  23   b  is repositioned relative to the diaphragm  22  (compared to the position of the pedestal  23  in  FIGS.  4  and  5   ). More particularly, the pedestal  23   b  in  FIG.  8    adjoins and extends downwardly from an outer peripheral edge  15   a  of the diaphragm  22 .  FIG.  9    shows a similar position for the pedestal  23   c . However, as shown in  FIG.  9   , the recessed region of the pedestal  23  ( FIGS.  5  and  8   ) defining the shoulder  43  has been omitted from the lap joint  25   c . Instead, in  FIG.  9   , the lap joint  25   c  is between an inwardly facing shear face of the pedestal  23   c  adhesively bonded with a corresponding outwardly facing shear face of the drive element  24   c . That shear face of the pedestal  23   c  is defined not by a recessed region formed on the pedestal but rather by an inwardly facing major face of the pedestal  23   c.    
     In  FIG.  10   , the pedestal  23   d  is positioned inwardly of the outer periphery  15   a  of the diaphragm  22 , and the shear face of the pedestal  23   d  is an outwardly facing major face of the pedestal (though the shear face could be positioned on an inwardly facing major surface of the pedestal  23   d , as in  FIG.  9   ). Referring still to  FIG.  10   , the lap joint  25   d  between the drive element  24   d  and the pedestal  23   d  still arises from an overlapping relation between the pedestal and the drive element  24   d . However, the drive element  24   d  is positioned outward of the pedestal  23   d  and is shown generally being coextensive with the outer peripheral edge  15   a  of the diaphragm  22 . As a matter of design choice, the drive element  24   d  may be positioned inwardly of that edge  15   a  or may extend outwardly of the edge  15   a . In  FIG.  10   , an outwardly facing major surface of the pedestal  23   d  is adhered to an inwardly facing surface of the drive element  24   d.    
     As indicated in  FIG.  9   , the drive element may optionally include a winding region  28   c  positioned outwardly of the inwardly facing shear face of the pedestal  23   c , as to define a stepped proximal end (relative to the diaphragm  22 ) for the drive element  24   c . For example, the winding region  28   c  may include additional layers of windings compared to the region  24   c . The lap joint  25   c  can optionally include an adhesive in the gap between the optional winding region  28   c  and the pedestal  23   c . As indicated in  FIG.  10   , the drive element  24   d  may optionally include a winding region  28   d  positioned inwardly of the outwardly facing shear face of the pedestal  23   d , as to define a stepped proximal end (relative to the diaphragm  22 ) for the drive element  24   d . The winding region  28   d  may include additional layers of windings compared to the region  24   d . Of course, either drive element  24   c ,  24   d  can optionally include a winding region that extends outwardly of the outer peripheral edge  15   a . And, either or both drive elements  24   c ,  24   d  may include or omit a bobbin, as with the alternatives shown and described in relation to  FIGS.  6  and  6 A . In any event, a lap joint as described above can place the adhesive bond between the pedestal and the corresponding driver predominantly or entirely in shear, and can increase a surface area available for an adhesive bond between the diaphragm and the driver (e.g., the voice-coil, the voice-coil former, or both) compared to prior edge bonds  13  (with or without a reinforcing fillet  13   a ) as in  FIG.  1   . By increasing the strength of the joint between the drive element and the diaphragm, the voice-coil can reliably apply increased forces to the diaphragm as compared to forces applied to a diaphragm  12  through an edge-bond  13 . 
     Still further, a lap joint can reduce or eliminate the need to create an adhesive fillet  13   a  in an edge bond  13  between the voice-coil (or former) and the diaphragm. With no, or at least a smaller, fillet, more room is made available for other components (e.g., magnets  26   a ,  26   b ). By providing additional packaging volume for, e.g., magnets, acoustic performance can increase and fewer secondary machining or other processing operations, e.g., on the magnets, are necessary to accommodate conventional fillets. For example, in  FIG.  2   , the top surface  27   a  of the magnet  26   a  has a raw edge  27   b  that does not need a chamfer to avoid interference with the lap joint  25 , unlike the magnet  16   a , which needs a chamfer  18   a  to avoid interference with the fillet  13   a  of the joint  13  ( FIG.  1   ). 
     As shown in  FIG.  11   , placement of the drive element  24  between the inner magnet  26   a  and the outer magnet  26   b  can leave an air gap  71  between the drive element and the outer magnet, as well as an air gap  72  between the drive element and the inner magnet  26   a . In FIG.  11 , the drive element  24  is illustrated as having a bobbin  51  as in  FIG.  6    such that the air gap  72  is positioned between the bobbin  51  and the inner magnet  26   a . In an operable embodiment, however, each winding region  53 ,  56  has two layers of windings and the bobbin  51  is omitted, as shown in  FIG.  6 A . Other embodiments have any selected number of winding layers. 
     With that configuration ( FIG.  6 A ), the air gap  72  can extend between the winding region  53  and the inner magnet  26   a . With each configuration of the drive element  24 ,  24 ′ shown in  FIG.  6    and  FIG.  6 A , a shear face of the pedestal extending from the diaphragm can be positioned in an overlapping relation to a portion  55  of the winding region  53 . An adhesive material (e.g., glue) can physically couple the overlapping faces of the pedestal and the drive element to form the lap joint. 
     A design choice from among the various alternative lap joints between the drive element and the integrated diaphragm and pedestal can be made. Such a design choice may be selected to provide a suitable tradeoff among bond strength of the respective lap joint, motive force that can be generated by interactions between the magnetic flux generated by the winding regions  53 ,  56  and the magnets  26   a ,  26   b , and overall available packaging volume (e.g., compared to a volume occupied by the various members of the electro-acoustic transducer). 
     In other respects, the electro-acoustic transducer  20  in  FIG.  2    is similar to the transducer  10  shown in  FIG.  1   . For example, each transducer  10 ,  20  has a frame (or chassis)  17  and a suspension system including a surround  15  that suspends the respective diaphragm  12 ,  22  from the chassis  17 . For example, the surround  15  can overlap with and be connected with a peripheral region  15   a  of the respective diaphragm  12 ,  22 . The transducers  10 ,  20  can define a back region  19  bounded in part by each respective second major surface  12   b ,  22   b . Similarly, each transducer  10 ,  20  can emit sound to a surrounding front region  18  partially bounded by each respective first major surface  12   a ,  22   a . Some electronic devices acoustically couple such a micro-speaker with one or more open regions suitable for improving radiated sound, as in the nature of an acoustic chamber  30  ( FIG.  15   ). 
     The voice coil/pedestal assembly  23 ,  24  can have a cross-sectional shape corresponding to a shape of the major surface of the diaphragm  22 . For example, the diaphragm  22  can have a substantially circular (e.g., as in  FIG.  3   ), rectilinear (e.g., as in  FIG.  11   ), ovular, race-track or other shape when viewed in plan from above (or below). Similarly, the voice coil (or voice coil former) can have a substantially circular, rectilinear, ovular, race-track or other cross-sectional shape. In other instances, the cross-sectional shape of the voice coil former can differ from a shape of the diaphragm when viewed in plan from above (or below). 
     In general, a diameter or major axis (e.g., they-axis in  FIG.  12   ) of a non-circular micro-speaker diaphragm can measure, for example, between about 3 mm and about 75 mm, such as between about 15 mm and about 65 mm, for example, between about 20 mm and about 50 mm. A minor axis (e.g., the x-axis in  FIG.  12   ) of a non-circular micro-speaker diaphragm can measure, for example, between about 1 mm and about 70 mm, such as between about 3 mm and about 65 mm, for example, between about 10 mm and about 50 mm. A coil can measure between about 0.5 mm and about 3 mm (e.g., between about 1.0 mm and about 1.5 mm) along a longitudinal axis (e.g., the z-axis in  FIG.  2   ). 
     In general, the diaphragm  22  can define one or more protuberances or other features (e.g., recesses, apertures, etc.) extending from (or into or through) the first major surface  22   a  (as with a stiffening element  92  shown in  FIG.  12   ), the second major surface  22   b  (as in  FIG.  2   ), or both (as in  FIG.  13   ). Each such feature can form a unitary construct with the respective diaphragm. As well, a diaphragm can define a recess or other depression (or aperture) in one or more regions of the first major surface  22   a , the second major surface  22   b , or both. 
     Such protrusions or recesses can be integrated into the diaphragm using, for example, an injection-molding or other forming process. The integrated features can provide one or more corresponding benefits lacking from the diaphragm  12  shown in  FIG.  1   , e.g., as described above. For example, one or more apertures (not shown) can extend through the diaphragm  22  from the first major surface to the second major surface and allow a barometric pressure to equalize across the diaphragm  22 . 
     Referring now to  FIG.  12   , other examples of structural features that can be formed with a diaphragm as a unitary construct are described. As shown in  FIG.  12   , a diaphragm  90  can include one or more stiffening elements  92 , e.g., a thickened region, a rib, or a strut. For example, such a stiffening element  92  can be incorporated in the diaphragm at a selected region to modify a resonant bending frequency (sometimes referred to as a break-up frequency) of the diaphragm, which can degrade fidelity of the loudspeaker transducer. Resonant bending frequency for a diaphragm  90  can depend on geometry of the diaphragm, material properties of the materials used to form the diaphragm, and how the diaphragm is supported (e.g., by a surround  94  overlying an outer periphery of the diaphragm) and a pedestal/drive element assembly  96  (e.g., as described in relation to  FIGS.  2  through  8   , above). 
     In  FIG.  12   , the acoustic diaphragm  90  defines an outer peripheral region  98  that extends outward of the pedestal/drive element assembly  96 . At opposed end regions (e.g., along the major axis y), the diaphragm  90  defines respective cantilevered regions extending outwardly of the pedestal to the outer periphery (e.g., under the surround  94 ). A stiffener  92  extends along each cantilevered region toward the outer periphery  98 . In some (e.g., injection-molded) diaphragms, the stiffener is integrally formed with the cantilevered region. 
     In  FIG.  12   , the stiffener is an elongate rib having a longitudinal axis. The rib defines a cross-sectional area that tapers along the longitudinal axis and toward the outer periphery  98 . As shown in  FIG.  13   , the exemplary rib tapers in cross-sectional area both longitudinally (e.g., along the y-axis, as well as along the z-axis ( FIG.  2   ). Incorporating such a stiffener  92  in a diaphragm  90  can modify a break-up frequency mode of the diaphragm  90 , as by reinforcing (e.g., stiffening) a region subject to flexure, or buckling. However, even without incorporating a stiffener  92  as in  FIG.  12   , the integrated pedestal  96  (or pedestal  23  in  FIG.  2   ) can modify a stiffness of the diaphragm  22 . And, positioning the pedestal  23   b ,  23   c ,  23   d  ( FIGS.  8 ,  9  and  10   ) at or near an outer peripheral edge  15   a  of the diaphragm  22  can eliminate or reduce a size of an outer peripheral region  98  shown in  FIG.  12   . Such an arrangement can modify a bending stiffness of the diaphragm and can modify a break up frequency thereof compared to the diaphragm shown in  FIG.  2   . 
     Some acoustic diaphragms described herein can include an over-molded layer of material.  FIG.  14    shows an example of such a diaphragm.  FIG.  14    shows an interim construct  110  during an over-molding process applied to a diaphragm  112  having integrated structural features, e.g., studs (or bosses)  113 , as disclosed herein. A supply  114  of silicone  5  can be injected into an over-mold die  115 , and the silicone can flow over and partially encapsulate the surround  15  and a portion of the diaphragm. The die  115  can define opposed jaws that contact the diaphragm  112  at positions between the surround  15  and the studs  113 . Nonetheless, some silicone  5  can flow between the jaws and the diaphragm  112  (e.g., as the die wears over time). Such an unintentional deposit of material (e.g., of the silicone) arising from an over-molding process is sometimes referred to in the art as “flash.” The bosses  113  can inhibit a flow of the silicone  5  past the bosses, and can reduce the extent of flash resulting from an over-molding process. Alternatively, the bosses  113  can be “crushed” by the die  115  into a surface of the diaphragm  112 . According to another aspect, a recess or other depression (e.g., in addition to or as opposed to the bosses  113 ) in one or more regions of the diaphragm can receive an unintentional deposit of an adhesive or other material applied to the diaphragm. 
     Referring now to  FIG.  15   , the loudspeaker module  20  ( FIG.  2   ) is positioned in an acoustic enclosure  1 . The acoustic enclosure  1  can be a stand-alone apparatus, as in the case of, for example, a traditional bookshelf speaker or a smart speaker. Alternatively, the acoustic enclosure  1  can constitute a defined region within an encasement of a smaller, portable device, such as, for example, a smart phone. In still other alternative embodiments, the acoustic enclosure can constitute a portion of a smart watch, an in-ear earphone, on on-ear headphone, or an over-the-ear headphone. 
     In any event, the acoustic enclosure  1  in  FIG.  15    includes a housing  2  defining an open interior region  3 . The loudspeaker diaphragm  22 , or more generally, the acoustic radiator, is positioned in the open interior region  3  and defines a first major surface  22   a  and an opposed second major surface  22   b . In  FIG.  15   , the open interior region  3  defines an acoustic chamber  30  adjacent the first major surface  22   a  and an acoustically-sealed acoustic chamber  19  adjacent the second major surface  22   b . In  FIG.  15   , the acoustic chamber  30  and the acoustically-sealed acoustic chamber  19  are at least partially bounded by the first major surface  22   a  and the second major surface  22   b , respectively. 
     The housing  2  also defines an acoustic port  6  from the acoustic chamber  30  to a surrounding environment  7 . The port  6  and diaphragm  22  can be arranged in a so-called “side firing” arrangement, as in  FIG.  15   . That is to say, a cross-section (or mouth) of the port  6  can be oriented transversely relative to a major surface  22   a ,  22   b  of the diaphragm  22 . For example, in  FIG.  15   , the port  6  is oriented such that a vector normal to the mouth of the port extends orthogonally relative to a vector normal to the loudspeaker diaphragm  22 . 
     Although the illustrated acoustic port  6  has a cover  8  or other protective barrier to inhibit intrusion of dirt, water, or other debris into the acoustic chamber  18 , some acoustic ports have no distinct cover. For example, rather than defining a single aperture as in  FIG.  15   , the housing  2  can define a perforated wall (not shown) extending across the mouth of the port  6 . 
     Although the acoustic port  6  is illustrated in  FIG.  15    generally as being an aperture defined by the housing wall, in some instances, the acoustic port  6  includes an acoustic duct or channel extending from the acoustic chamber  18  to an outer surface  2   a  of the housing  2  or other encasement. For example, aesthetic or other design constraints for an electronic device may cause the acoustic chamber  18  to be spaced apart from the outer surface  2   a  of the housing or other encasement. Consequently, a duct or other acoustic channel (not shown) can extend from the acoustic chamber  18  to the outer surface to acoustically connect the acoustic chamber  18  to the surrounding environment  7 . Although not shown, such a duct can have internal baffles to define a circuitous path from a proximal end adjacent the acoustic chamber  30  to a distal end adjacent the outer surface  2   a.    
     Although a side-firing arrangement is shown, some disclosed loudspeaker enclosures are arranged for so-called direct firing. A direct firing enclosure directs the major surface of the loudspeaker diaphragm toward an opening in the enclosure. Even with a direct firing arrangement, the diaphragm may be spaced apart from an external surface of the enclosure and acoustically coupled with the external environment by way of a port and/or a channel, e.g., a circuitous channel. A mesh or other cover may extend over the diaphragm or port for aesthetic or reliability reasons (e.g., to inhibit intrusion of debris). 
     And, although not shown in  FIG.  2    or  FIG.  15   , a loudspeaker transducer and/or an acoustic enclosure can include other circuitry (e.g., application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs)) or electrical devices (e.g., capacitors, inductors, and/or amplifiers) to condition and/or drive electrical signals through the voice coil. Such circuitry can constitute a portion of a computing environment or audio appliance described herein. 
     Referring now to  FIG.  16   , electronic devices incorporating disclosed electro-acoustic transducers are described by way of reference to a specific example of an audio appliance. Electronic devices represent but one possible class of computing environments which can incorporate a disclosed electro-acoustic transducer, as described herein. Nonetheless, electronic devices are succinctly described in relation to a particular audio appliance  130  to illustrate an example of a system incorporating and benefitting from disclosed electro-acoustic transducers. 
     As shown in  FIG.  16   , an audio appliance  130  or other electronic device can include, in its most basic form, a processor  134 , a memory  135 , and a loudspeaker or other electro-acoustic transducer  137 , and associated circuitry (e.g., a signal bus, which is omitted from  FIG.  16    for clarity). The memory  135  can store instructions that, when executed by the processor  134 , cause the circuitry in the audio appliance  130  to drive the electro-acoustic transducer  137  to emit sound over a selected frequency bandwidth. In addition, the audio appliance  130  can have a ported acoustic chamber positioned adjacent the electro-acoustic transducer as in  FIG.  15   . 
     The audio appliance  130  schematically illustrated in  FIG.  16    also includes a communication connection  136 , as to establish communication with another computing environment. As well, the audio appliance  130  includes an audio acquisition module  131  having a microphone transducer  132  to convert incident sound to an electrical signal, together with a signal conditioning module  133  to condition (e.g., sample, filter, and/or otherwise condition) the electrical signal emitted by the microphone. In addition, the memory  135  can store other instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the audio appliance  130  to perform any of a variety of tasks akin to a general computing environment, such as a distributed computing environment, a network connected computing environment, and a stand alone computing environment. 
     An audio appliance can take the form of a portable media device suitable for use with a variety of accessory devices 
     An accessory device can take the form of a wearable device, such as, for example, a smart-watch, an in-ear earbud, an on-ear earphone, and an over-the-ear earphone. An accessory device can include one or more electro-acoustic transducers as described herein. 
     IX. Other Embodiments 
     The previous description is provided to enable a person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosed principles. Embodiments other than those described above in detail are contemplated based on the principles disclosed herein, together with any attendant changes in configurations of the respective structures described herein, without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. 
     The examples described above generally concern “small” electro-acoustic transducers, and related systems and methods. However, micro-speakers operate on principles similar to larger electro-acoustic transducers. Accordingly, concepts disclosed herein can be incorporated in electro-acoustic transducers other than micro-speakers. 
     Moreover, various modifications to the examples described herein will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, some disclosed pedestals formed in a loudspeaker diaphragm can substitute for a separate coil former (or bobbin). In such an embodiment, the pedestal can be used as a bobbin or other former to which voice-coil windings are applied when constructing the coil. With such an assembly, a separate layer of adhesive  21  can be omitted, as by joining the pedestal with the voice-coil wire concurrently with forming the coil windings (e.g., using a resin overlying the coil wire). 
     Directions and other relative references (e.g., up, down, top, bottom, left, right, rearward, forward, etc.) may be used to facilitate discussion of the drawings and principles herein, but are not intended to be limiting. For example, certain terms may be used such as “up,” “down,”, “upper,” “lower,” “horizontal,” “vertical,” “left,” “right,” and the like. Such terms are used, where applicable, to provide some clarity of description when dealing with relative relationships, particularly with respect to the illustrated embodiments. Such terms are not, however, intended to imply absolute relationships, positions, and/or orientations. For example, with respect to an object, an “upper” surface can become a “lower” surface simply by turning the object over. Nevertheless, it is still the same surface and the object remains the same. As used herein, “and/or” means “and” or “or”, as well as “and” and “or.” Moreover, all patent and non-patent literature cited herein is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. 
     And, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein can be adapted to various configurations and/or uses without departing from the disclosed principles. Applying the principles disclosed herein, it is possible to provide a wide variety of damped acoustic enclosures, and related methods and systems. For example, the principles described above in connection with any particular example can be combined with the principles described in connection with another example described herein. Thus, all structural and functional equivalents to the features and method acts of the various embodiments described throughout the disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are intended to be encompassed by the principles described and the features claimed herein. Accordingly, neither the claims nor this detailed description shall be construed in a limiting sense, and following a review of this disclosure, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate the wide variety of audio appliances, and related methods and systems that can be devised under disclosed and claimed concepts. 
     Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. To aid the Patent Office and any readers of any patent issued on this application in interpreting the claims appended hereto or otherwise presented throughout prosecution of this or any continuing patent application, applicants wish to note that they do not intend any claimed feature to be construed under or otherwise to invoke the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f), unless the phrase “means for” or “step for” is explicitly used in the particular claim. 
     The appended claims are not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims, wherein reference to a feature in the singular, such as by use of the article “a” or “an” is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more”. Further, in view of the many possible embodiments to which the disclosed principles can be applied, I reserve to the right to claim any and all combinations of features and technologies described herein as understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art, including, for example, all that comes within the scope and spirit of the following claims.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20201224
Publication Date: 20241210
Grant Date: 20241210
Priority Date: 20180830
Inventors: WILK, CHRISTOPHER
LIANG, Jiahui
MIKOLAJCZYK, REBECCA J.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04R9/041", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/04", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R2209/041", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/045", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/025", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/046", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R7/16", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/046", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/025", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R7/16", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R2209/041", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/046", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/025", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R7/16", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/06", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/045", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R2207/021", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R7/04", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/06", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/045", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/04", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R2209/041", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/046", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/045", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/041", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/04", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/025", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R7/16", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04R9/06", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 69640553