PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11699270-B2
Application Number: US-202217740052-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Computationally efficient model selection

Abstract:
In various implementations, a device surveys a scene and presents, within the scene, a extended reality (XR) environment including one or more assets that evolve over time (e.g., change location or age). Modeling such an XR environment at various timescales can be computationally intensive, particularly when modeling the XR environment over larger timescales. Accordingly, in various implementations, different models are used to determine the environment state of the XR environment when presenting the XR environment at different timescales.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A method comprising:
 at an electronic device including a processor and non-transitory memory:
 obtaining a first environment state associated with a first environment time of an environment and a first timestep value; 
 in accordance with a determination that the first timestep value satisfies a first criterion, selecting a first model from among a plurality of models and determining, according to the first model and based on the first environment state, a second environment state associated with a second environment time; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the first timestep value satisfies a second criterion different from the first criterion, selecting a second model different from the first model from among a plurality of models and determining, according to the second model and based on the first environment state, a third environment state associated with a third environment time. 
 
 
     
     
       2. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first environment state includes an XML file. 
     
     
       3. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first environment state, second environment state, and third environment state indicate inclusion in the associated environment of one or more assets, and wherein the first environment state, second environment state, and third environment state include data indicating:
 the inclusion of a first asset of the one or more assets; 
 a type of the first asset; 
 a respective location of the first asset in the associated environment; and 
 a respective age of the first asset. 
 
     
     
       4. The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 displaying the environment having the first environment state at a first time; 
 displaying the environment having the second environment state at a second time a frame time later than the first time; and 
 displaying the environment having the third environment state at a third time the frame time later than the second time. 
 
     
     
       5. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the second model is more computationally efficient than the first model. 
     
     
       6. The method of  claim 1 , wherein the first environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of a first set of one or more assets and one or more states for the first set of one or more assets, and wherein the second environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of a second set of one or more assets and one or more states for the second set of one or more asset. 
     
     
       7. The method of  claim 6 , wherein:
 determining, in accordance with the first model, the second environment state includes determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on a first value of the asset state of the first environment state; and 
 determining, in accordance with the second model, the third environment state includes determining a third value of the asset state of the third environment state independent of the second value of the asset state of the second environment state. 
 
     
     
       8. The method of  claim 6 , wherein:
 determining, in accordance with the first model, the second environment state includes determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on the first environment state; and 
 determining, in accordance with the second model, the third environment state includes forgoing determining a third value of the asset state of the third environment state based on the second environment state. 
 
     
     
       9. The method of  claim 6 , wherein:
 determining, in accordance with the first model, the second environment state includes determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on a first value of the asset state of the first environment state; and 
 determining, in accordance with the second model, the third environment state includes excluding the asset having the asset state from the third environment state. 
 
     
     
       10. The method of  claim 9 , wherein determining, in accordance with the second model, the third environment state includes inclusion of one or more new assets having the same asset type as the asset having the asset state based on a number of assets having a respective asset type in the second environment state. 
     
     
       11. A device comprising:
 one or more processors; 
 a non-transitory memory; and 
 one or more programs stored in the non-transitory memory, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the device to:
 obtain a first environment state associated with a first environment time of an environment and a first timestep value; 
 in accordance with a determination that the first timestep value satisfies a first criterion, select a first model from among a plurality of models and determine, according to the first model and based on the first environment state, a second environment state associated with a second environment time; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the first timestep value satisfies a second criterion different from the first criterion, select a second model different from the first model from among a plurality of models and determine, according to the second model and based on the first environment state, a third environment state associated with a third environment time. 
 
 
     
     
       12. The device of  claim 11 , wherein the first environment state, second environment state, and third environment state indicate inclusion in the associated environment of one or more assets, and wherein the first environment state, second environment state, and third environment state include data indicating:
 the inclusion of a first asset of the one or more assets; 
 a type of the first asset; 
 a respective location of the first asset in the associated environment; and 
 a respective age of the first asset. 
 
     
     
       13. The device of  claim 12 , wherein the one or more programs further cause the device to:
 display the environment having the first environment state at a first time; 
 display the environment having the second environment state at a second time a frame time later than the first time; and 
 display the environment having the third environment state at a third time the frame time later than the first time. 
 
     
     
       14. The device of  claim 12 , wherein the second model is more computationally efficient than the first model. 
     
     
       15. The device of  claim 12 , wherein the first environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of a first set of one or more assets and one or more states for the first set of one or more assets, and wherein the second environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of a second set of one or more assets and one or more states for the second set of one or more asset. 
     
     
       16. A non-transitory memory storing one or more programs, which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to:
 obtain a first environment state associated with a first environment time of an environment and a first timestep value; 
 in accordance with a determination that the first timestep value satisfies a first criterion, select a first model from among a plurality of models and determine, according to the first model and based on the first environment state, a second environment state associated with a second environment time; and 
 in accordance with a determination that the first timestep value satisfies a second criterion different from the first criterion, select a second model different from the first model from among a plurality of models and determine, according to the second model and based on the first environment state, a third environment state associated with a third environment time. 
 
     
     
       17. The non-transitory memory of  claim 16 , wherein the first environment state, second environment state, and third environment state indicate inclusion in the associated environment of one or more assets, and wherein the first environment state, second environment state, and third environment state include data indicating:
 the inclusion of a first asset of the one or more assets; 
 a type of the first asset; 
 a respective location of the first asset in the associated environment; and 
 a respective age of the first asset. 
 
     
     
       18. The non-transitory memory of  claim 16 , wherein the one or more programs further cause the device to:
 display the environment having the first environment state at a first time; 
 display the environment having the second environment state at a second time a frame time later than the first time; and 
 display the environment having the third environment state at a third time the frame time later than the second time. 
 
     
     
       19. The non-transitory memory of  claim 16 , wherein the second model is more computationally efficient than the first model. 
     
     
       20. The non-transitory memory of  claim 16 , wherein the first environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of a first set of one or more assets and one or more states for the first set of one or more assets, and wherein the second environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of a second set of one or more assets and one or more states for the second set of one or more asset.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 17/203,393, filed on Mar. 16, 2021, which is a continuation of Intl. Patent App. No. PCT/US2019/052587, filed on Sep. 24, 2019, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent App. No. 62/738,066, filed on Sep. 28, 2019, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure generally relates to generating an extended reality (XR) environment, and in particular, to systems, methods, and devices for determining environment states for an XR environment in a computationally efficient manner. 
     BACKGROUND 
     To present an XR environment that includes assets that evolve over time according to one or more models, extensive computation may be needed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       So that the present disclosure can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, a more detailed description may be had by reference to aspects of some illustrative implementations, some of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. 
         FIG.  1    is a block diagram of an example operating architecture in accordance with some implementations. 
         FIG.  2    is a block diagram of an example controller in accordance with some implementations. 
         FIG.  3    is a block diagram of an example electronic device in accordance with some implementations. 
         FIG.  4    illustrates a scene with an electronic device surveying the scene. 
         FIGS.  5 A- 5 I  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device of  FIG.  4    displaying images of a representation of the scene including an XR environment. 
         FIG.  6    illustrates an environment state in accordance with some implementations. 
         FIG.  7    illustrates a block diagram of an environment state generator in accordance with some implementations. 
         FIG.  8    is a flowchart representation of a method of generating an environment state of an XR environment in accordance with some implementations. 
         FIG.  9    is a flowchart representation of a method of generating environment states of an XR environment in accordance with some implementations. 
     
    
    
     In accordance with common practice the various features illustrated in the drawings may not be drawn to scale. Accordingly, the dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily expanded or reduced for clarity. In addition, some of the drawings may not depict all of the components of a given system, method or device. Finally, like reference numerals may be used to denote like features throughout the specification and figures. 
     SUMMARY 
     Various implementations disclosed herein include devices, systems, and methods for generating environment states of an environment. In various implementations, the method is performed at a device including one or more processors and non-transitory memory. The method includes obtaining a first environment state, associated with a first environment time, of an environment, wherein the first environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of one or more assets and further indicates one or more states of the one or more assets. The method includes determining, according to a first model and based on the first environment state, a second environment state associated with a second environment time. The method includes receiving an input indicative of a timestep from the second environment time to a third environment time, wherein the timestep is different than a difference between the first environment time and the second environment time. The method includes determining, according to a second model, different than the first model, and based on the second environment state, a third environment state associated with the third environment time. 
     Various implementations disclosed herein include devices, systems, and methods for generating an environment state of an environment according to a selected model. In various implementations, the method is performed at a device including one or more processors and non-transitory memory. The method includes obtaining a first environment state, associated with a first environment time, of an environment, wherein the first environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of one or more assets and further indicates one or more states of the one or more assets. The method includes determining a timestep from the first environment time to a second environment time. The method includes selecting, based on the timestep, a model from a plurality of different models. The method includes determining, in accordance with the selected model, a second environment state, associated with the second environment time, of the XR environment. 
     In accordance with some implementations, a device includes one or more processors, a non-transitory memory, and one or more programs; the one or more programs are stored in the non-transitory memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors and the one or more programs include instructions for performing or causing performance of any of the methods described herein. In accordance with some implementations, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium has stored therein instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform or cause performance of any of the methods described herein. In accordance with some implementations, a device includes: one or more processors, a non-transitory memory, and means for performing or causing performance of any of the methods described herein. 
     DESCRIPTION 
     A physical environment refers to a physical place that people can sense and/or interact with without aid of electronic devices. The physical environment may include physical features such as a physical surface or a physical object. For example, the physical environment corresponds to a physical park that includes physical trees, physical buildings, and physical people. People can directly sense and/or interact with the physical environment such as through sight, touch, hearing, taste, and smell. In contrast, an extended reality (XR) environment refers to a wholly or partially simulated environment that people sense and/or interact with via an electronic device. For example, the XR environment may include augmented reality (AR) content, mixed reality (MR) content, virtual reality (VR) content, and/or the like. With an XR system, a subset of a person&#39;s physical motions, or representations thereof, are tracked, and, in response, one or more characteristics of one or more virtual objects simulated in the XR environment are adjusted in a manner that comports with at least one law of physics. As an example, the XR system may detect movement of the electronic device presenting the XR environment (e.g., a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, a head-mounted device, and/or the like) and, in response, adjust graphical content and an acoustic field presented by the electronic device to the person in a manner similar to how such views and sounds would change in a physical environment. In some situations (e.g., for accessibility reasons), the XR system may adjust characteristic(s) of graphical content in the XR environment in response to representations of physical motions (e.g., vocal commands). 
     There are many different types of electronic systems that enable a person to sense and/or interact with various XR environments. Examples include head-mountable systems, projection-based systems, heads-up displays (HUDs), vehicle windshields having integrated display capability, windows having integrated display capability, displays formed as lenses designed to be placed on a person&#39;s eyes (e.g., similar to contact lenses), headphones/earphones, speaker arrays, input systems (e.g., wearable or handheld controllers with or without haptic feedback), smartphones, tablets, and desktop/laptop computers. A head-mountable system may have one or more speaker(s) and an integrated opaque display. Alternatively, a head-mountable system may be configured to accept an external opaque display (e.g., a smartphone). The head-mountable system may incorporate one or more imaging sensors to capture images or video of the physical environment, and/or one or more microphones to capture audio of the physical environment. Rather than an opaque display, a head-mountable system may have a transparent or translucent display. The transparent or translucent display may have a medium through which light representative of images is directed to a person&#39;s eyes. The display may utilize digital light projection, OLEDs, LEDs, uLEDs, liquid crystal on silicon, laser scanning light sources, or any combination of these technologies. The medium may be an optical waveguide, a hologram medium, an optical combiner, an optical reflector, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transparent or translucent display may be configured to become opaque selectively. Projection-based systems may employ retinal projection technology that projects graphical images onto a person&#39;s retina. Projection systems also may be configured to project virtual objects into the physical environment, for example, as a hologram or on a physical surface. 
     Numerous details are described in order to provide a thorough understanding of the example implementations shown in the drawings. However, the drawings merely show some example aspects of the present disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other effective aspects and/or variants do not include all of the specific details described herein. Moreover, well-known systems, methods, components, devices and circuits have not been described in exhaustive detail so as not to obscure more pertinent aspects of the example implementations described herein. 
     In various implementations, a device surveys a scene and presents, within the scene, an XR environment including one or more assets that evolve over time (e.g., change location or age). Modeling such an XR environment at various timescales can be computationally intensive, particularly when modeling the XR environment over larger timescales. Accordingly, in various implementations, different models are used to determine the environment state of the XR environment when presenting the XR environment at different timescales. 
       FIG.  1    is a block diagram of an example operating environment  100  in accordance with some implementations. While pertinent features are shown, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate from the present disclosure that various other features have not been illustrated for the sake of brevity and so as not to obscure more pertinent aspects of the example implementations disclosed herein. To that end, as a non-limiting example, the operating environment  100  includes a controller  110  and an electronic device  120 . 
     In some implementations, the controller  110  is configured to manage and coordinate an XR experience for the user. In some implementations, the controller  110  includes a suitable combination of software, firmware, and/or hardware. The controller  110  is described in greater detail below with respect to  FIG.  2   . In some implementations, the controller  110  is a computing device that is local or remote relative to the physical environment  105 . For example, the controller  110  is a local server located within the physical environment  105 . In another example, the controller  110  is a remote server located outside of the physical environment  105  (e.g., a cloud server, central server, etc.). In some implementations, the controller  110  is communicatively coupled with the electronic device  120  via one or more wired or wireless communication channels  144  (e.g., BLUETOOTH, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, IEEE 802.3x, etc.). In another example, the controller  110  is included within the enclosure of the electronic device  120 . In some implementations, the functionalities of the controller  110  are provided by and/or combined with the electronic device  120 . 
     In some implementations, the electronic device  120  is configured to provide the XR experience to the user. In some implementations, the electronic device  120  includes a suitable combination of software, firmware, and/or hardware. According to some implementations, the electronic device  120  presents, via a display  122 , XR content to the user while the user is physically present within the physical environment  105  that includes a table  107  within the field-of-view  111  of the electronic device  120 . As such, in some implementations, the user holds the electronic device  120  in his/her hand(s). In some implementations, while providing XR content, the electronic device  120  is configured to display an XR object (e.g., an XR cylinder  109 ) and to enable video pass-through of the physical environment  105  (e.g., including a representation  117  of the table  107 ) on a display  122 . The electronic device  120  is described in greater detail below with respect to  FIG.  3   . 
     According to some implementations, the electronic device  120  provides an XR experience to the user while the user is virtually and/or physically present within the physical environment  105 . 
     In some implementations, the user wears the electronic device  120  on his/her head. For example, in some implementations, the electronic device includes a head-mounted system (HMS), head-mounted device (HMD), or head-mounted enclosure (HME). As such, the electronic device  120  includes one or more XR displays provided to display the XR content. For example, in various implementations, the electronic device  120  encloses the field-of-view of the user. In some implementations, the electronic device  120  is a handheld device (such as a smartphone or tablet) configured to present XR content, and rather than wearing the electronic device  120 , the user holds the device with a display directed towards the field-of-view of the user and a camera directed towards the physical environment  105 . In some implementations, the handheld device can be placed within an enclosure that can be worn on the head of the user. In some implementations, the electronic device  120  is replaced with an XR chamber, enclosure, or room configured to present XR content in which the user does not wear or hold the electronic device  120 . 
       FIG.  2    is a block diagram of an example of the controller  110  in accordance with some implementations. While certain specific features are illustrated, those skilled in the art will appreciate from the present disclosure that various other features have not been illustrated for the sake of brevity, and so as not to obscure more pertinent aspects of the implementations disclosed herein. To that end, as a non-limiting example, in some implementations the controller  110  includes one or more processing units  202  (e.g., microprocessors, application-specific integrated-circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), processing cores, and/or the like), one or more input/output (I/O) devices  206 , one or more communication interfaces  208  (e.g., universal serial bus (USB), FIREWIRE, THUNDERBOLT, IEEE 802.3x, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, global system for mobile communications (GSM), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), global positioning system (GPS), infrared (IR), BLUETOOTH, ZIGBEE, and/or the like type interface), one or more programming (e.g., I/O) interfaces  210 , a memory  220 , and one or more communication buses  204  for interconnecting these and various other components. 
     In some implementations, the one or more communication buses  204  include circuitry that interconnects and controls communications between system components. In some implementations, the one or more I/O devices  206  include at least one of a keyboard, a mouse, a touchpad, a joystick, one or more microphones, one or more speakers, one or more image sensors, one or more displays, and/or the like. 
     The memory  220  includes high-speed random-access memory, such as dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), static random-access memory (SRAM), double-data-rate random-access memory (DDR RAM), or other random-access solid-state memory devices. In some implementations, the memory  220  includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. The memory  220  optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from the one or more processing units  202 . The memory  220  comprises a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. In some implementations, the memory  220  or the non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the memory  220  stores the following programs, modules and data structures, or a subset thereof including an optional operating system  230  and an XR experience module  240 . 
     The operating system  230  includes procedures for handling various basic system services and for performing hardware dependent tasks. In some implementations, the XR experience module  240  is configured to manage and coordinate one or more XR experiences for one or more users (e.g., a single XR experience for one or more users, or multiple XR experiences for respective groups of one or more users). To that end, in various implementations, the XR experience module  240  includes a data obtaining unit  242 , a tracking unit  244 , a coordination unit  246 , and a data transmitting unit  248 . 
     In some implementations, the data obtaining unit  242  is configured to obtain data (e.g., presentation data, interaction data, sensor data, location data, etc.) from at least the electronic device  120  of  FIG.  1   . To that end, in various implementations, the data obtaining unit  242  includes instructions and/or logic therefor, and heuristics and metadata therefor. 
     In some implementations, the tracking unit  244  is configured to map the physical environment  105  and to track the position/location of at least the electronic device  120  with respect to the physical environment  105  of  FIG.  1   . To that end, in various implementations, the tracking unit  244  includes instructions and/or logic therefor, and heuristics and metadata therefor. 
     In some implementations, the coordination unit  246  is configured to manage and coordinate the XR experience presented to the user by the electronic device  120 . To that end, in various implementations, the coordination unit  246  includes instructions and/or logic therefor, and heuristics and metadata therefor. 
     In some implementations, the data transmitting unit  248  is configured to transmit data (e.g., presentation data, location data, etc.) to at least the electronic device  120 . To that end, in various implementations, the data transmitting unit  248  includes instructions and/or logic therefor, and heuristics and metadata therefor. 
     Although the data obtaining unit  242 , the tracking unit  244 , the coordination unit  246 , and the data transmitting unit  248  are shown as residing on a single device (e.g., the controller  110 ), it should be understood that in other implementations, any combination of the data obtaining unit  242 , the tracking unit  244 , the coordination unit  246 , and the data transmitting unit  248  may be located in separate computing devices. 
     Moreover,  FIG.  2    is intended more as functional description of the various features that may be present in a particular implementation as opposed to a structural schematic of the implementations described herein. As recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art, items shown separately could be combined and some items could be separated. For example, some functional modules shown separately in  FIG.  2    could be implemented in a single module and the various functions of single functional blocks could be implemented by one or more functional blocks in various implementations. The actual number of modules and the division of particular functions and how features are allocated among them will vary from one implementation to another and, in some implementations, depends in part on the particular combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware chosen for a particular implementation. 
       FIG.  3    is a block diagram of an example of the electronic device  120  in accordance with some implementations. While certain specific features are illustrated, those skilled in the art will appreciate from the present disclosure that various other features have not been illustrated for the sake of brevity, and so as not to obscure more pertinent aspects of the implementations disclosed herein. To that end, as a non-limiting example, in some implementations the electronic device  120  includes one or more processing units  302  (e.g., microprocessors, ASICs, FPGAs, GPUs, CPUs, processing cores, and/or the like), one or more input/output (I/O) devices and sensors  306 , one or more communication interfaces  308  (e.g., USB, FIREWIRE, THUNDERBOLT, IEEE 802.3x, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.16x, GSM, CDMA, TDMA, GPS, IR, BLUETOOTH, ZIGBEE, and/or the like type interface), one or more programming (e.g., I/O) interfaces  310 , one or more XR displays  312 , one or more optional interior- and/or exterior-facing image sensors  314 , a memory  320 , and one or more communication buses  304  for interconnecting these and various other components. 
     In some implementations, the one or more communication buses  304  include circuitry that interconnects and controls communications between system components. In some implementations, the one or more I/O devices and sensors  306  include at least one of an inertial measurement unit (IMU), an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a thermometer, one or more physiological sensors (e.g., blood pressure monitor, heart rate monitor, blood oxygen sensor, blood glucose sensor, etc.), one or more microphones, one or more speakers, a haptics engine, one or more depth sensors (e.g., a structured light, a time-of-flight, or the like), and/or the like. 
     In some implementations, the one or more XR displays  312  are configured to provide the XR experience to the user. In some implementations, the one or more XR displays  312  correspond to holographic, digital light processing (DLP), liquid-crystal display (LCD), liquid-crystal on silicon (LCoS), organic light-emitting field-effect transitory (OLET), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), surface-conduction electron-emitter display (SED), field-emission display (FED), quantum-dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED), micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS), and/or the like display types. In some implementations, the one or more XR displays  312  correspond to diffractive, reflective, polarized, holographic, etc. waveguide displays. For example, the electronic device  120  includes a single XR display. In another example, the electronic device includes an XR display for each eye of the user. In some implementations, the one or more XR displays  312  are capable of presenting MR and VR content. 
     In some implementations, the one or more image sensors  314  are configured to obtain image data that corresponds to at least a portion of the face of the user that includes the eyes of the user (any may be referred to as an eye-tracking camera). In some implementations, the one or more image sensors  314  are configured to be forward-facing so as to obtain image data that corresponds to the scene as would be viewed by the user if the electronic device  120  was not present (and may be referred to as a scene camera). The one or more optional image sensors  314  can include one or more RGB cameras (e.g., with a complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor or a charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensor), one or more infrared (IR) cameras, one or more event-based cameras, and/or the like. 
     The memory  320  includes high-speed random-access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random-access solid-state memory devices. In some implementations, the memory  320  includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. The memory  320  optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from the one or more processing units  302 . The memory  320  comprises a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. In some implementations, the memory  320  or the non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the memory  320  stores the following programs, modules and data structures, or a subset thereof including an optional operating system  330  and an XR presentation module  340 . 
     The operating system  330  includes procedures for handling various basic system services and for performing hardware dependent tasks. In some implementations, the XR presentation module  340  is configured to present XR content to the user via the one or more XR displays  312 . To that end, in various implementations, the XR presentation module  340  includes a data obtaining unit  342 , an XR presenting unit  344 , an XR environment unit  346 , and a data transmitting unit  348 . 
     In some implementations, the data obtaining unit  342  is configured to obtain data (e.g., presentation data, interaction data, sensor data, location data, etc.) from at least the controller  110  of  FIG.  1   . To that end, in various implementations, the data obtaining unit  342  includes instructions and/or logic therefor, and heuristics and metadata therefor. 
     In some implementations, the XR presenting unit  344  is configured to present XR content via the one or more XR displays  312 . To that end, in various implementations, the XR presenting unit  344  includes instructions and/or logic therefor, and heuristics and metadata therefor. 
     In some implementations, the XR environment unit  346  is configured to generate one or more environment states of an XR environment. To that end, in various implementations, the XR environment unit  346  includes instructions and/or logic therefor, and heuristics and metadata therefor. 
     In some implementations, the data transmitting unit  348  is configured to transmit data (e.g., presentation data, location data, etc.) to at least the controller  110 . In some implementations, the data transmitting unit  348  is configured to transmit the request for a content rendering. To that end, in various implementations, the data transmitting unit  348  includes instructions and/or logic therefor, and heuristics and metadata therefor. 
     Although the data obtaining unit  342 , the XR presenting unit  344 , the XR environment unit  346 , and the data transmitting unit  348  are shown as residing on a single device (e.g., the electronic device  120 ), it should be understood that in other implementations, any combination of the data obtaining unit  342 , the XR presenting unit  344 , the XR environment unit  346 , and the data transmitting unit  348  may be located in separate computing devices. 
     Moreover,  FIG.  3    is intended more as a functional description of the various features that could be present in a particular implementation as opposed to a structural schematic of the implementations described herein. As recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art, items shown separately could be combined and some items could be separated. For example, some functional modules shown separately in  FIG.  3    could be implemented in a single module and the various functions of single functional blocks could be implemented by one or more functional blocks in various implementations. The actual number of modules and the division of particular functions and how features are allocated among them will vary from one implementation to another and, in some implementations, depends in part on the particular combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware chosen for a particular implementation. 
       FIG.  4    illustrates a scene  405  with an electronic device  410  surveying the scene  405 . The scene  405  includes a table  408  and a wall  407 . 
     The electronic device  410  displays, on a display, a representation of the scene  415  including a representation of the table  418  and a representation of the wall  417 . In various implementations, the representation of the scene  415  is generated based on an image of the scene captured with a scene camera of the electronic device  410  having a field-of-view directed toward the scene  405 . The representation of the scene  415  further includes an XR environment  409  displayed on the representation of the table  418 . 
     As the electronic device  410  moves about the scene  405 , the representation of the scene  415  changes in accordance with the change in perspective of the electronic device  410 . Further, the XR environment  409  correspondingly changes in accordance with the change in perspective of the electronic device  410 . Accordingly, as the electronic device  410  moves, the XR environment  409  appears in a fixed relationship with respect to the representation of the table  418 . 
       FIG.  5 A  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying a first image  500 A of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409 . In  FIG.  5 A , the XR environment  409  is defined by a first environment state and is associated with a first environment time (e.g., 1). The first environment state indicates the inclusion in the XR environment  409  of one or more assets and further indicates one or more states of the one or more assets. In various implementations, the environment state is a data object, such as an XML file. 
     Accordingly, the XR environment  409  displayed in the first image  500 A includes a plurality of assets as defined by the first environment state. In  FIG.  5 A , the XR environment  409  includes a first tree  511  having a first height  591  and a second tree  512  having a second height  592 . The XR environment  409  includes a first squirrel  521  at a first location  581  and a second squirrel  522  at a second location  582 . The XR environment includes a first acorn  531 . 
     The first environment state indicates the inclusion of the first tree  511  and defines one or more states of the first tree  511 . For example, the first environment state indicates a first age of the first tree  511  and a first location of the first tree  511 . The first environment state indicates the inclusion of the second tree  512  and defines one or more states of the second tree  512 . For example, the first environment state indicates a first age of the second tree  512  and a first location of the second tree  512 . 
     The first environment state indicates the inclusion of the first squirrel  521  and defines one or more states of the first squirrel  521 . For example, the first environment state indicates a first age of the first squirrel  521 , a first location of the first squirrel  521 , and a first motion vector of the first squirrel  521  indicating that the first squirrel  521  is moving toward the first acorn  531 . The first environment state indicates the inclusion of the second squirrel  522  and defines one or more states of the second squirrel  522 . For example, the first environment state indicates a first age of the second squirrel  522 , a first location of the second squirrel  522 , and a first motion vector of the second squirrel  522  indicating the that second squirrel  522  is moving toward the second tree  512 . 
     The first environment state indicates the inclusion of the first acorn  531  and defines one or more states of the first acorn  531 . For example, the first environment state indicates a first location of the first acorn  531  and a first held state of the first acorn  531  indicating that the first acorn  531  is not held by a squirrel. 
     The first image  500 A further includes a time indicator  540  and a plurality of timescale affordances  551 - 554 . The plurality of timescale affordances  551 - 554  includes a pause affordance  551 , a play affordance  552 , a quick-play affordance  553 , and a quicker-play affordance  554 . In  FIG.  5 A , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 1. Further, the pause affordance  551  is currently selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
       FIG.  5 B  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying a second image  500 B of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409  in response to a user selection of the play affordance  552  and after a frame time (e.g., the inverse of the display frame rate). In  FIG.  5 B , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 2 (e.g., a first timestep of 1 as compared to  FIG.  5 A ). In  FIG.  5 B , the play affordance  552  is currently selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
     In  FIG.  5 B , the XR environment  409  is defined by a second environment state and is associated with a second environment time (e.g., 2). In various implementations, the second environment state is generated according to a first model and based on the first environment state. 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state according to the first model includes determining a second age of the first tree  511  by adding the first timestep (e.g., 1) to the first age of the first tree  511 , determining a second age of the second tree  512  by adding the first timestep to the first age of the second tree  512 , determining a second age of the first squirrel  521  by adding the first timestep to the first age of the first squirrel  521 , and determining a second age of the second squirrel  522  by adding the first timestep to the first age of the second squirrel  522 . 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state according to the first model includes determining a second location of the first tree  511  by copying the first location of the first tree  511  and determining a second location of the second tree  512  by copying the first location of the second tree  512 . Thus, the first model indicates that the first tree  511  and second tree  512  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “TREE”) do not change location. 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state according to the first model includes determining a second location of the first squirrel  521  by adjusting the first location of the first squirrel  521  according to the first motion vector of the first squirrel  521  and determining a second location of the second squirrel  522  by adjusting the first location of the second squirrel  522  according to the first motion vector of the second squirrel  522 . Thus, the first model indicates that the first squirrel  521  and second squirrel  522  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “ANIMAL”) change location according to a motion vector. 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state according to the first model includes determining a second motion vector of the first squirrel  521  based on the proximity of other assets to the second location of the first squirrel  521  and determining a second motion vector of the second squirrel  522  based on the proximity of other assets to the second location of the second squirrel  522 . For example, the first model indicates that the first squirrel  521  and second squirrel  522  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “ANIMAL” and an asset sub-type of “SQUIRREL”) have motion vectors which direct them to nearby assets (e.g., trees, acorns, or other squirrels). 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state includes determining a second location of the first acorn  531  based on the first location of the first acorn  531  and the first held state of the first acorn  531 . For example, the first model indicates that the first acorn  531  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “ACORN”) does not change location when the held state indicates that the first acorn  531  is not held, but changes in accordance with a change in location of an asset (e.g., a squirrel) that is holding the first acorn  531 . 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state includes determining a second held state of the first acorn  531  based on the second location of the first acorn  531  and the second location of the first squirrel  521  and the second location of the second squirrel  522 . For example, the first model indicates that the first acorn  531  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “ACORN”) changes its held state to indicate that it is being held by a particular asset having an asset type of “ANIMAL” and an asset sub-type of “SQUIRREL” when that particular asset is at the same location as the first acorn  531 . 
     Accordingly, in  FIG.  5 B , as compared to  FIG.  5 A , the first squirrel  521  has moved to a third location  583  closer to the first acorn  531  and the second squirrel  522  has moved location closer to the second tree  512 . 
       FIG.  5 C  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying a third image  500 C of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409  after another frame time. In  FIG.  5 C , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 3 (e.g., the first timestep of 1 as compared to  FIG.  5 B ). In  FIG.  5 C , the play affordance  552  remains selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
     In  FIG.  5 C , the XR environment  409  is defined by a third environment state and is associated with a third environment time. In various implementations, the third environment state is generated according to the first model and based on the second environment state. 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state according to the first model includes determining a third age of the first tree  511  by adding the first timestep (e.g., 1) to the second age of the first tree  511 , determining a third age of the second tree  512  by adding the first timestep to the second age of the second tree  512 , determining a third age of the first squirrel  521  by adding the first timestep to the second age of the first squirrel  521 , and determining a third age of the second squirrel  522  by adding the first timestep to the second age of the second squirrel  522 . 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state according to the first model includes determining a second location of the first tree  511  by copying the second location of the first tree  511  and determining a third location of the second tree  512  by copying the second location of the second tree  512 . Thus, the first model indicates that the first tree  511  and second tree  512  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “TREE”) do not change location. 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state according to the first model includes determining a third location of the first squirrel  521  by adjusting the second location of the first squirrel  521  according to the second motion vector of the first squirrel  521  and determining a third location of the second squirrel  522  by adjusting the second location of the second squirrel  522  according to the second motion vector of the second squirrel  522 . Thus, the first model indicates that the first squirrel  521  and second squirrel  522  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “ANIMAL”) change location according to a motion vector. 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state according to the first model includes determining a third motion vector of the first squirrel  521  based on the proximity of other assets to the third location of the first squirrel  521  and determining a third motion vector of the second squirrel  522  based on the proximity of other assets to the third location of the second squirrel  522 . For example, the first model indicates that the first squirrel  521  and second squirrel  522  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “ANIMAL” and an asset sub-type of “SQUIRREL”) have motion vectors which direct them to nearby assets (e.g., trees, acorns, or other squirrels). 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state includes determining a third location of the first acorn  531  based on the second location of the first acorn  531  and the second held state of the first acorn  531 . For example, the first model indicates that the first acorn  531  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “ACORN”) does not change location when the held state indicates that the first acorn  531  is not held, but changes in accordance with a change in location of an asset (e.g., a squirrel) that is holding the first acorn  531 . 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state includes determining a third held state of the first acorn  531  based on the third location of the first acorn  531  and the third location of the first squirrel  521  and the third location of the second squirrel  522 . Thus, the first model indicates that the first acorn  531  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “ACORN”) changes its held state to indicate that it is being held by a particular asset having an asset type of “ANIMAL” and an asset sub-type of “SQUIRREL” when that particular asset is at the same location as the first acorn  531 . 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state includes determining that an asset spawns a new asset. For example, in various implementations, the first model indicates that assets having an asset type of “TREE” have a probability (which may be based on the current age of the asset) of spawning an asset having an asset type of “ACORN”. 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state includes determining that an asset expires. For example, in various implementations, the first model indicates that assets having an asset type of “SQUIRREL” expire when the age of the asset reaches a threshold. As another example, in various implementations, the first model indicates that assets having an asset type of “TREE” have a probability (which may be based on the current age of the asset) of expiring. 
     In  FIG.  5 C , as compared to  FIG.  5 B , the first squirrel  521  has moved location to a fifth location  585  of the first acorn  531  and the second squirrel  522  has moved to a sixth location even closer to the second tree  512 . Further the XR environment  409  includes a new asset, a second acorn  532 , generated by the second tree  512 . 
       FIG.  5 D  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying a fourth image  500 D of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409  after another frame time. In  FIG.  5 D , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 4 (e.g., a timestep of 1 as compared to  FIG.  5 C ). In  FIG.  5 D , the play affordance  552  remains selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
     In  FIG.  5 D , the XR environment  409  is defined by a fourth environment state and is associated with a fourth environment time. In various implementations, the fourth environment state is generated according to the first model and based on the third environment state. In various implementations, determining the fourth environment state according to the first model and based on the third environment state is performed as described above with respect to determining the third environment state according to the first model and based on the second environment state. 
     In  FIG.  5 D , as compared to  FIG.  5 C , the first squirrel  521  (holding the first acorn  531 ) has moved location further from the first tree  511  and the second squirrel  522  has moved to a seventh location  587  closer to the second acorn  532 . 
       FIG.  5 E  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying a fifth image  500 E of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409  in response to a user selection of the quick-play affordance  553  and after a frame time. In  FIG.  5 E , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 1,000,004 (e.g., a second timestep of 1,000,000 as compared to  FIG.  5 D ). In  FIG.  5 E , the quick-play affordance  553  is currently selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
     In  FIG.  5 E , the XR environment  409  is defined by a fifth environment state and is associated with a fifth environment time. In various implementations, because the second timestep between the fourth environment time and the fifth environment time is so much larger than the first timestep between, e.g., the first environment time and the second environment time, the fifth environment state is generated according to a second model, different than the first model, and based on the fourth environment state. 
     In particular, rather than determining the fifth environment state according to the application of the first model one million times, the fifth environment state is generated according to the application of the second model once. 
     In various implementations, the second model is more computationally efficient than the first model. After such a long period of time, certain states of certain assets of the fourth environment state may not be useful in determining the corresponding states of the fifth environment state. For example, whereas the location of the first squirrel  521  in the first environment state is used in the first model to determine the location of the first squirrel  521  in the second environment state, the location of the first squirrel  521  in the fourth environment state is not used to determine the location of the first squirrel  521  in the fifth environment state and, therefore, the second model is more computationally efficient than the first model. 
     In various implementations, determining the fifth environment state according to the second model includes determining a fifth age of the first tree  511  by adding the second timestep (e.g., 1,000,000) to the fourth age of the first tree  511 , determining a fifth age of the second tree  512  by adding the second timestep to the fourth age of the second tree  512 , determining a fifth age of the first squirrel  521  by adding the second timestep to the fourth age of the first squirrel  521 , and determining a fifth age of the second squirrel  522  by adding the second timestep to the fourth age of the second squirrel  522 . 
     In various implementations, determining the fifth environment state according to the second model includes determining a fifth location of the first tree  511  by copying the fourth location of the first tree  511  and determining a fifth location of the second tree  512  by copying the fourth location of the second tree  512 . Thus, the second model indicates that the first tree  511  and second tree  512  (e.g., assets having an asset type of “TREE”) do not change location. 
     In various implementations, determining the fifth environment state according to the second model includes determining a fifth location of the first squirrel  521  and determining a fifth location of the second squirrel  522 . Whereas, according to the first model, the fifth location of the first squirrel  521  and the fifth location of the second squirrel  522  are determined based on their respective fourth locations and fourth motion vectors, in various implementations, the fifth location of the first squirrel  521  and the fifth location of the second squirrel  522  are determined independent of their respective fourth locations and fourth motion vectors. For example, in various implementations, determining the fifth location of the first squirrel  521  and determining the fifth location of the second squirrel  522  includes randomly selecting locations of the XR environment. In some embodiments, the respective fifth locations are selected based on a uniform distribution over the XR environment. In some embodiments, the respective fifth locations are selected based on a probability distribution (which may be based on the presence of other assets). For example, in some embodiments, the first squirrel  521  and second squirrel  522  are more likely to be located closer to other assets. 
     As noted above, in various implementations, determining an environment state according to the first model includes determining motion vectors of the first squirrel  521  and the second squirrel  522 . However, as also noted above, in various implementations, the locations of the first squirrel  521  and the second squirrel  522  are determined independent of their respective motion vectors. Thus, in various implementations, determining the fifth environment state does not include determining motion vectors of the first squirrel  521  and the second squirrel  522 . In various implementations, determining the fifth environment state includes determining the motion vectors as dummy or default values. Thus, in various implementations, determining the fifth environment state includes determining the motion vectors independent of the proximity of other assets to the location of the squirrels. 
     As noted above, in various implementations, determining an environment state according to the first model includes determining the location and/or held state of an asset having an asset type of “ACORN.” In contrast, in various implementations, determining the fifth environment state according to the second model includes removing assets of the asset type “ACORN” and potentially replacing them with new assets of the asset type “ACORN” based on the number of assets having the asset type of “TREE” (and their respective probabilities of spawning an asset having an asset type of “ACORN”). 
     Thus, in  FIG.  5 E , as compared to  FIG.  5 D , the first squirrel  521  and the second squirrel  522  have completely changed location, the second tree  512  has grown taller to a third height  593 , the first acorn  531  and second acorn  532  have disappeared, and a third acorn  533  has appeared. 
       FIG.  5 F  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying a sixth image  500 F of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409  after another frame time. In  FIG.  5 F , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 2,000,004 (e.g., a timestep of 1,000,000 as compared to  FIG.  5 E ). In  FIG.  5 F , the quick-play affordance  553  remains selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
     In  FIG.  5 F , the XR environment  409  is defined by a sixth environment state and is associated with a sixth environment time. In various implementations, the sixth environment state is generated according to the second model and based on the fifth environment state. In various implementations, determining the sixth environment state according to the second model and based on the fifth environment state is performed as described above with respect to determining the fifth environment state according to the second model and based on the fourth environment state. 
     In  FIG.  5 F , as compared to  FIG.  5 E , the first squirrel  521  and second squirrel have completely changed location again, the second tree  512  has again grown taller to a fourth height  594 , and a third acorn  533  has disappeared. 
       FIG.  5 G  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying a seventh image  500 G of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409  in response to a user selection of the quicker-play affordance  553  after a frame time. In  FIG.  5 G , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 10,002,000,004 (e.g., a third timestep of 10,000,000,000 as compared to  FIG.  5 F ). In  FIG.  5 G , the quicker-play affordance  554  is currently selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
     In  FIG.  5 G , the XR environment  409  is defined by a seventh environment state and is associated with a seventh environment time. In various implementations, because the third timestep between the sixth environment time and the seventh environment time is so much larger than the second timestep between, e.g., the fourth environment time and the fifth environment time, the seventh environment state is generated according to a third model, different than the second model, and based on the sixth environment state. 
     In particular, rather than determining the seventh environment state according to the application of the first model ten billion times (or the second model ten thousand times), the fifth environment state is generated according to the application of the third model once. 
     In various implementations, the third model is more computationally efficient than the second model. After such a long period of time, certain states of certain assets of the sixth environment state may not be useful in determining the fifth environment state. For example, whereas the age of the second tree  512  in the fourth environment state is used in the second model to determine the age of the second tree  512  in the fifth environment state, the age and location of all assets is not used by the third model. Rather, based on the number of trees, acorns, and squirrels, the third model generates new assets based an expected number of trees, acorns, and squirrels at the seventh environment time and distributes them randomly in location and age. 
     In  FIG.  5 G , as compared to  FIG.  5 F , the first squirrel  521  and second squirrel  522  have been replaced by a third squirrel  523  and a fourth squirrel  524 ; the first tree  511  and second tree  512  have been replaced by a third tree  513 , a fourth tree  514 , and a fifth tree  515 ; and a fourth acorn  534  has appeared. 
       FIG.  5 H  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying an eight image  500 H of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409  after another frame time. In  FIG.  5 H , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 20,002,000,004 (e.g., a third timestep of 10,000,000,000 as compared to  FIG.  5 G ). In  FIG.  5 H , the quicker-play affordance  554  remains selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
     In  FIG.  5 H , the XR environment  409  is defined by an eighth environment state and is associated with an eighth environment time. In various implementations, the eighth environment state is generated according to the third model and based on the seventh environment state. In various implementations, determining the eighth environment state according to the third model and based on the seventh environment state is performed as described above with respect to determining the seventh environment state according to the third model and based on the sixth environment state. 
     In  FIG.  5 H , as compared to  FIG.  5 G , the third squirrel  523  and fourth squirrel  524  have been replaced by a fifth squirrel  525 , a sixth squirrel  526 , and a seventh squirrel  527 ; the third tree  513 , the fourth tree  514 , and the fifth tree  515  have been replaced by a sixth tree  516 , a seventh tree  517 , an eighth tree  518 , and a ninth tree  519 ; and the fourth acorn  534  has been replaced with a fifth acorn  535  and a sixth acorn  536 . 
     In various implementations, based on the number of trees, acorns, and squirrels, rather than generating new assets based on an expected number of trees, acorns, and squirrels at an environment time, the third model generates an asset distribution indicating a likelihood of an asset being present at each location at the environment time. Displaying the asset distribution, e.g., as a cloud, represents a population density of the asset type at the environment time. 
       FIG.  5 I  illustrates a portion of the display of the electronic device  410  displaying a ninth image  500 I of the representation of the scene  415  including the XR environment  409  with an asset distribution. In  FIG.  5 I , the time indicator  540  indicates a current time of the XR environment  409  of 20,002,000,004 (e.g., a third timestep of 10,000,000,000 as compared to  FIG.  5 G ). In  FIG.  5 I , the quicker-play affordance  554  remains selected (as indicated by the different manner of display). 
     In  FIG.  5 I , as compared to  FIG.  5 H , the fifth squirrel  525 , the sixth squirrel  526 , and the seventh squirrel  527  are not displayed. Rather, a squirrel distribution  561  is displayed indicating the likelihood of a squirrel being present at respective locations at the eighth environment time. 
       FIG.  6    illustrates an environment state  600  in accordance with some implementations. In various implementations, the environment state  600  is a data object, such as an XML file. The environment state  600  indicates inclusion in an XR environment of one or more assets and further indicates one or more states of the one or more assets. 
     The environment state  600  includes a time field  610  that indicates an environment time associated with the environment state. 
     The environment state  600  includes an assets field  620  including a plurality of individual asset fields  630  and  640  associated with respective assets of the XR environment. Although  FIG.  6    illustrates only two assets, it is to be appreciated that the assets field  620  can include any number of asset fields. 
     The assets field  620  includes a first asset field  630 . The first asset field  630  includes a first asset identifier field  631  that includes an asset identifier of the first asset. In various implementations, the asset identifier includes a unique number. In various implementations, the asset identifier includes a name of the asset. 
     The first asset field  630  includes a first asset type field  632  that includes data indicating an asset type of the first asset. The first asset field  630  includes an optional asset subtype field  633  that includes data indicating an asset subtype of the asset type of the first asset. 
     The first asset field  630  includes a first asset states field  634  including a plurality of first asset state fields  635 A and  635 B. In various implementations, the assets state field  634  is based on the asset type and/or asset subtype of the first asset. For example, when the asset type is “TREE”, the asset states field  634  includes an asset location field  635 A including data indicating a location in the XR environment of the asset and an asset age field  635 B including data indicating an age of the asset. As another example, when the asset type is “ANIMAL”, the asset states field  634  includes an asset motion vector field including data indicating a motion vector of the asset. As another example, when the asset type is “ACORN”, the asset states field  634  includes an asset held state field including data indicating which, if any, other asset is holding the asset. As another example, when the asset type is “WEATHER”, the asset states field  634  includes an asset temperature field including data indicating a temperature of the XR environment, an asset humidity field including data indicating a humidity of the XR environment, and/or an asset precipitation field including data indicating a precipitation condition of the XR environment. 
     The assets field  620  includes a second asset field  640 . The second asset field  640  includes a second asset identifier field  640  that includes an asset identifier of the second asset. The second asset field  630  includes a second asset type field  642  that includes data indicating an asset type of the second asset. The second asset field  642  includes an optional asset subtype field  643  that includes data indicating an asset subtype of the asset type of the second asset. 
     The second asset field  640  includes a second asset states field  643  including a plurality of second asset state fields  645 A and  645 B. In various implementations, the assets state field  644  is based on the asset type and/or asset subtype of the second asset. 
       FIG.  7    illustrates a block diagram of an environment state generator  750  in accordance with some implementations. The environment state generator  750  receives, as an input, a first environment state  710  associated with a first environment time and a timestep  715 . The environment state generator  750  generates, as an output, a second environment state  720  associated with a second environment time equal to the first environment time incremented by the timestep  715 . 
     The environment state generator  750  includes a plurality of models  752 A- 752 C including a first model  752 A, a second model  752 B, and a third model  752 C connected in parallel between a multiplexer  751  and a demultiplexer  753 . The environment state generator  750  includes a model selector  755  that controls the multiplexer  751  and the demultiplexer  753  based on the timestep  715 . 
     When the timestep  715  is a first value (or within a first range of values), the model selector  755  controls the multiplexer  751  and the demultiplexer  753  to feed the first environment state  710  and timestep  715  to the first model  752 A to generate the second environment state  720 . When the timestep  715  is a second value (or within a second range of values), the model selector  755  controls the multiplexer  751  and the demultiplexer  753  to feed the first environment state  710  and the timestep  715  to the second model  752 B to generate the second environment state  720 . When the timestep  715  is a third value (or within a third range of values), the model selector  755  controls the multiplexer  751  and the demultiplexer  753  to feed the first environment state  710  and the timestep  715  to the third model  752 C to generate the second environment state  720 . 
     Accordingly, each model  752 A- 752 C, when selected by the model selector  755 , receives the first environment state  710  and the timestep  715  and generates the second environment state  720 . In various implementations, each model  752 A- 752 C includes respective heuristics and metadata used to generate the second environment state  720 . 
       FIG.  8    is a flowchart representation of a method  800  of generating an environment state of an environment in accordance with some implementations. In various implementations, the method  800  is performed by a device with one or more processors, non-transitory memory, and a camera (e.g., the electronic device  120  of  FIG.  3    or the electronic device  410  of  FIG.  4   ). In some implementations, the method  800  is performed by processing logic, including hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof (e.g., the environment state generator  750  of  FIG.  7   ). In some implementations, the method  800  is performed by a processor executing instructions (e.g., code) stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., a memory). Briefly, in some circumstances, the method  800  includes obtaining a first environment state, associated with a first environment time, of an environment and a timestep, selecting a model from a plurality of models based on the timestep, and applying the selected model to the first environment state to generate a second environment state associated with a second environment time. 
     The method  800  begins, in block  810 , with the device obtaining a first environment state, associated with a first environment time, of an environment, wherein the first environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of one or more assets and further indicates one or more states of the one or more assets. In various implementations, the method  800  includes displaying the environment having the first environment state at a first time (e.g., a first real time). 
     In various implementations, the environment state is a data object, such as an XML file. In various implementations, the first environment state is manually programmed. In various implementations, the first environment state is generated by applying a model to a previous environment state. 
     The method  800  continues, at block  820 , with the device obtaining a timestep from the first environment time to a second environment time. In various implementations, the timestep is manually programmed. In various implementations, the timestep is determined based on user interaction with one or more timescale affordances respectively associated with one or more timesteps. 
     The method  800  continues, at block  830 , with the device selecting, based on the timestep, a model from a plurality of different models. In various implementations, in response to obtaining a timestep having a first value (or within a first range of values), the device selects a first model and, in response to obtaining a timestep having a second value (or within a second range of values), the device selects a second model different from the first model. In various implementations, the second model is more computationally efficient than the first model. 
     The method  800  continues, at block  840 , with the device determining, in accordance with the selected model, a second environment state, associated with the second environment time, of the environment. In various implementations, the method  800  includes displaying the environment having the second environment state at a second time (e.g., a second real time). 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the selected model (at block  840 ) includes, in accordance with a selection (at block  830 ) of a first model, determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on a first value of the asset state of the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 C , determining the third environment state includes determining a third location of the first squirrel  521  based on the second location of the first squirrel  521  and the second motion vector of the first squirrel  521 . In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the selected model (at block  840 ) includes, in accordance with a selection (at block  830 ) of a second model, determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state independent of the first value of the asset state of the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 E , determining the fifth environment state includes determining a fifth location of the first squirrel  521  independent of the fourth location of the first squirrel  521  and the fourth motion vector of the first squirrel  521 . 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the selected model (at block  840 ) includes, in accordance with a selection (at block  830 ) of a first model, determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 C , determining the third environment state includes determining a third motion vector of the first squirrel  521  based on the proximity of the third location of the first squirrel  521  to the third locations of other assets (which are based on their second locations of the second environment state). In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the selected model (at block  840 ) includes, in accordance with a selection (at block  830 ) of a second model, forgoing determining the second value of the asset state of the second environment state based on the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 E , determining the fifth environment state does not include determining a fifth motion vector of the first squirrel  521 . 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the selected model (at block  840 ) includes, in accordance with a selection (at block  830 ) of a first model, determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on a first value of the asset state of the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 E , determining the fifth environment state includes determining a fifth location of the first tree  511  based on the fourth location of the first tree  511 . In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the selected model (at block  840 ) includes, in accordance with a selection (at block  830 ) of a second model, excluding the asset having the asset state from the second environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 G , determining the seventh environment state includes removing the first tree  511 . 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the selected model (at block  840 ) includes, in accordance with a selection (at block  830 ) of a second model, including one or more new assets having the same asset type as the asset having the asset state based on the number of assets having a respective asset type in the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 G , determining the seventh environment state includes adding the third tree  513 , the fourth tree  514 , and the fifth tree  515  based on the number of trees (and the number of squirrels) in the sixth environment state. As another example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 E , determining the fifth environment state includes adding the third acorn  533  based on the number of trees in the fifth environment state. 
       FIG.  9    is a flowchart representation of a method  900  of generating environment states of an environment in accordance with some implementations. In various implementations, the method  900  is performed by a device with one or more processors, non-transitory memory, and a camera (e.g., the electronic device  120  of  FIG.  3    or the electronic device  410  of  FIG.  4   ). In some implementations, the method  900  is performed by processing logic, including hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof (e.g., the environment state generator  750  of  FIG.  7   ). In some implementations, the method  900  is performed by a processor executing instructions (e.g., code) stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., a memory). Briefly, in some circumstances, the method  900  includes obtaining a first environment state, associated with a first environment time, of an XR environment and a timestep, selecting a model from a plurality of models based on the timestep, and applying the selected model to the first environment state to generate a second environment state associated with a second environment time. 
     The method  900  begins, in block  910 , with the device obtaining a first environment state, associated with a first environment time, of an environment, wherein the first environment state indicates inclusion in the environment of one or more assets and further indicates one or more states of the one or more assets. For example, in various implementations, the first environment state includes data indicating the inclusion of a first asset of the one or more assets, a type of the first asset, a respective location of the first asset in the environment, and a respective age of the first asset. In various implementations, the method  900  includes displaying the environment having the first environment state at a first time. 
     In various implementations, the environment state is a data object, such as an XML file. In various implementations, the first environment state is manually programmed. In various implementations, the first environment state is generated by applying a model to a previous environment state. 
     The method  900  continues, at block  920 , with the device determining, according to a first model and based on the first environment state, a second environment state associated with a second environment time. In various implementations, the second environment state includes data indicating the inclusion of a first asset of the one or more assets, the type of the first asset, a respective location of the first asset in the environment, and a respective age of the first asset. In various implementations, the method  900  includes displaying the environment having the second environment state at a second time (e.g., a frame time later than the first time). 
     The method  900  continues, at block  930 , with the device receiving an input indicative of a timestep from the second environment time to a third environment time, wherein the timestep is different than a difference between the first environment time and the second environment time. In various implementations, receiving the input indicative of the timestep includes receiving user input indicative of a selection of one of a plurality of timescale affordances respectively associated with a plurality of timesteps. For example, in  FIG.  5 E , the user has selected the quick-play affordance  553  and the timestep between  FIG.  5 D  and  FIG.  5 E  is different than the timestep between  FIG.  5 C  and  FIG.  5 D . 
     The method  900  continues, at block  940 , with the device determining, according to a second model, different than the first model, and based on the second environment state, a third environment state associated with the third environment time. In various implementations, the second model is more computationally efficient than the first model. In various implementations, the third environment state includes data indicating the inclusion of the first asset of the one or more assets, the type of the first asset, a respective location of the first asset in the environment, and a respective age of the first asset. In various implementations, the method  900  includes displaying the environment having the third environment state at a third time (e.g., the frame time later than the third time). 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the first model (at block  920 ) includes, determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on a first value of the asset state of the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 C , determining the third environment state includes determining a third location of the first squirrel  521  based on the second location of the first squirrel  521  and the second motion vector of the first squirrel  521 . In various implementations, determining the third environment state in accordance with the second model (at block  940 ) includes determining a third value of the asset state of the third environment state independent of the second value of the asset state of the second environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 E , determining the fifth environment state includes determining a fifth location of the first squirrel  521  independent of the fourth location of the first squirrel  521  and the fourth motion vector of the first squirrel  521 . 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the first model (at block  920 ) includes determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 C , determining the third environment state includes determining a third motion vector of the first squirrel  521  based on the proximity of the third location of the first squirrel  521  to the third locations of other assets (which are based on their second locations of the second environment state). In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the second model (at block  940 ) includes forgoing determining a third value of the asset state of the third environment state based on the second environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 E , determining the fifth environment state does not include determining a fifth motion vector of the first squirrel  521 . 
     In various implementations, determining the second environment state in accordance with the first model (at block  920 ) includes determining a second value of an asset state of the second environment state based on a first value of the asset state of the first environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 E , determining the fifth environment state includes determining a fifth location of the first tree  511  based on the fourth location of the first tree  511 . In various implementations, determining the third environment state in accordance with the second model (at block  940 ) includes excluding the asset having the asset state from the third environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 G , determining the seventh environment state includes removing the first tree  511 . 
     In various implementations, determining the third environment state in accordance with the second model (at block  940 ) includes including one or more new assets having the same asset type as the asset having the asset state based on the number of assets having a respective asset type in the second environment state. For example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 G , determining the seventh environment state includes adding the third tree  513 , fourth tree  514 , and fifth tree  515  based on the number of trees (and the number of squirrels) in the sixth environment state. As another example, as described above with respect to  FIG.  5 E , determining the fifth environment state includes adding the third acorn  533  based on the number of trees in the fifth environment state. 
     While various aspects of implementations within the scope of the appended claims are described above, it should be apparent that the various features of implementations described above may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described above is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure one skilled in the art should appreciate that an aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such an apparatus may be implemented and/or such a method may be practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to or other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first node could be termed a second node, and, similarly, a second node could be termed a first node, which changing the meaning of the description, so long as all occurrences of the “first node” are renamed consistently and all occurrences of the “second node” are renamed consistently. The first node and the second node are both nodes, but they are not the same node. 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting of the claims. As used in the description of the implementations and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     As used herein, the term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in accordance with a determination” or “in response to detecting,” that a stated condition precedent is true, depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined [that a stated condition precedent is true]” or “if [a stated condition precedent is true]” or “when [a stated condition precedent is true]” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “in accordance with a determination” or “upon detecting” or “in response to detecting” that the stated condition precedent is true, depending on the context.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20220509
Publication Date: 20230711
Grant Date: 20230711
Priority Date: 20180928
Inventors: MORGAN, BO
DRUMMOND, MARK E.
MEIER, PETER
DUNN, Cameron J.
RUSSELL, John Christopher
SIVAPURAPU, Siva Chandra Mouli
Richter, Ian M.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G06F3/011", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06T19/006", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F40/14", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A63F13/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/011", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/011", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/011", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06T19/006", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A63F2300/60", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A63F2300/60", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A63F2300/60", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "A63F13/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F40/14", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F3/011", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 68172262