PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11726295-B2
Application Number: US-202117403118-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Folded camera with actuator for moving optics

Abstract:
Various embodiments include a camera with folded optics and lens shifting capabilities. In some examples, a folded optics arrangement of the camera may include one or more lens elements and light path folding elements (e.g., prisms). Some embodiments include voice coil motor (VCM) actuator arrangements, carrier arrangements, and/or suspension arrangements to provide autofocus (AF) and/or optical image stabilization (OIS) movement. Furthermore, some embodiments include position sensor arrangements for position sensing with respect to AF and/or OIS movement.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A camera, comprising:
 a folded optics arrangement to fold a path of light, the folded optics arrangement comprising:
 a first light folding element; and 
 a lens group comprising one or more lens elements; 
 
 an image sensor; 
 a lens carrier coupled to the lens group; 
 a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator configured to move the lens group relative to the image sensor, wherein the VCM actuator comprises:
 a first optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator configured to move the lens group in at least a first direction, the first OIS VCM actuator comprising:
 a first coil attached to the lens carrier; and 
 a magnet; 
 
 a second OIS VCM actuator configured to move the lens group in at least a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction, the second OIS VCM actuator comprising:
 a second coil attached to a fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the lens group; and 
 the magnet. 
 
 
 
     
     
       2. The camera of  claim 1 , wherein the magnet is attached to a magnet holder, wherein the VCM actuator further comprises:
 an autofocus (AF) VCM actuator configured to move the lens carrier and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and orthogonal to the second direction; 
 wherein the first OIS VCM actuator is configured to move the lens carrier relative to the magnet holder in the first direction; and 
 wherein the second OIS VCM actuator is configured to move the lens carrier and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in the second direction. 
 
     
     
       3. The camera of  claim 2 , wherein the folded optics arrangement further comprises:
 a second light folding element, wherein the lens group is disposed between the first light folding element and the second light folding element; 
 wherein the image sensor is configured to capture light that has passed through the first light folding element, the lens group, and the second light folding element. 
 
     
     
       4. The camera of  claim 3 , wherein the magnet holder at least partially encircles the folded optics arrangement. 
     
     
       5. The camera of  claim 2 , further comprising:
 a suspension arrangement to suspend the lens group and allow movement of the lens group along multiple axes, the suspension arrangement comprising:
 a leaf spring attached to the lens carrier structure and the magnet holder, so as to allow movement of the lens group and the lens carrier together, relative to the magnet holder, in at least the first direction; and 
 suspension wires to allow movement of the lens group, the lens carrier, and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in the second and third directions, wherein a suspension wire of the suspension wires comprises:
 a first end portion attached to the leaf spring; and 
 a second end portion attached to the fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the lens group. 
 
 
 
     
     
       6. A device, comprising:
 one or more processors; 
 memory storing program instructions executable by the one or more processors to control operation of a camera; and 
 the camera, comprising:
 a folded optics arrangement to fold a path of light, the folded optics arrangement comprising:
 a first light folding element; and 
 a lens group comprising one or more lens elements; 
 
 an image sensor; 
 a lens carrier coupled to the lens group; 
 a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator configured to move the lens group relative to the image sensor, wherein the VCM actuator comprises:
 a first optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator configured to move the lens group in at least a first direction, the first OIS VCM actuator comprising:
 a first coil attached to the lens carrier; and 
 a magnet; 
 
 a second OIS VCM actuator configured to move the lens group in at least a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction, the second OIS VCM actuator comprising:
 a second coil attached to a fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the lens group; and 
 the magnet. 
 
 
 
 
     
     
       7. The device of  claim 6 , wherein the magnet is attached to a magnet holder, wherein the VCM actuator further comprises:
 an autofocus (AF) VCM actuator configured to move the lens carrier and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and orthogonal to the second direction; 
 wherein the first OIS VCM actuator is configured to move the lens carrier relative to the magnet holder in the first direction; and 
 wherein the second OIS VCM actuator is configured to move the lens carrier and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in the second direction. 
 
     
     
       8. The device of  claim 7 , wherein the folded optics arrangement further comprises:
 a second light folding element, wherein the lens group is disposed between the first light folding element and the second light folding element; 
 wherein the image sensor is configured to capture light that has passed through the first light folding element, the lens group, and the second light folding element. 
 
     
     
       9. The device of  claim 8 , wherein the magnet holder at least partially encircles the folded optics arrangement. 
     
     
       10. The device of  claim 7 , wherein the AF VCM actuator comprises one or more coils attached to the magnet holder. 
     
     
       11. The device of  claim 10 , wherein at least one other coil of the one or more coils is attached to the magnet holder. 
     
     
       12. The device of  claim 7 , wherein:
 the first light folding element is a first prism comprising:
 an object side through which light enters the first prism; and 
 a first reflecting surface side comprising a first reflective surface to redirect the light towards the lens group; and 
 
 the folded optics arrangement further comprises a second prism comprising:
 a second reflecting surface side comprising a second reflective surface to redirect the light towards the image sensor; and 
 an image side through which the light exits the first prism, the image side proximate the image sensor. 
 
 
     
     
       13. The device of  claim 12 , wherein:
 the first reflecting surface side is angled relative to the object side of the first prism; and 
 the AF VCM actuator comprises at least one magnet and at least one coil disposed within a space under the first reflecting surface side. 
 
     
     
       14. The device of  claim 7 , wherein the camera further comprises:
 a suspension arrangement to suspend the lens group and allow movement of the lens group along multiple axes, the suspension arrangement comprising:
 a leaf spring attached to the lens carrier structure and the magnet holder, so as to allow movement of the lens group and the lens carrier together, relative to the magnet holder, in at least the first direction; and 
 suspension wires to allow movement of the lens group, the lens carrier, and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in the second and third directions, wherein a suspension wire of the suspension wires comprises:
 a first end portion attached to the leaf spring; and 
 a second end portion attached to the fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the lens group. 
 
 
 
     
     
       15. The device of  claim 6 , wherein the camera further comprises:
 one or more position sensors configured to sense movement of the lens group in the first and second directions. 
 
     
     
       16. A folded optics actuator system, comprising:
 a lens carrier configured to hold a lens group; 
 a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator configured to move the lens carrier relative to an image sensor, wherein the VCM actuator comprises:
 a first optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator configured to move the lens carrier in at least a first direction, the first OIS VCM actuator comprising:
 a first coil attached to the lens carrier; and 
 a magnet; 
 
 a second OIS VCM actuator configured to move the lens carrier in at least a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction, the second OIS VCM actuator comprising:
 a second coil attached to a fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the lens carrier; and 
 the magnet. 
 
 
 
     
     
       17. The folded optics actuator system of  claim 16 , wherein the magnet is attached to a magnet holder, wherein the VCM actuator further comprises:
 an autofocus (AF) voice coil motor (VCM) actuator configured to move the lens carrier and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and orthogonal to the second direction; 
 wherein the first optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator is configured to move the lens carrier relative to the magnet holder in the first direction; and 
 wherein the second OIS VCM actuator is configured to move the lens carrier and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in the second direction. 
 
     
     
       18. The folded optics system of  claim 17 , further comprising:
 a suspension arrangement to suspend the lens group and allow movement of the lens group along multiple axes, the suspension arrangement comprising:
 a leaf spring attached to the lens carrier structure and the magnet holder, so as to allow movement of the lens group and the lens carrier together, relative to the magnet holder, in at least the first direction; and 
 suspension wires to allow movement of the lens group, the lens carrier, and the magnet holder together, relative to the image sensor, in the second and third directions, wherein a suspension wire of the suspension wires comprises:
 a first end portion attached to the leaf spring; and 
 a second end portion attached to the fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the lens group. 
 
 
 
     
     
       19. The folded optics system of  claim 16 , wherein the lens carrier is configured to hold the lens group between two light folding elements. 
     
     
       20. The folded optics system of  claim 19 , wherein the magnet holder is configured to at least partially encircle the lens group and one or more of the two light folding elements.

Description:
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/258,377, filed Jan. 25, 2019, which claims benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/622,697, filed on Jan. 26, 2018, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     This disclosure relates generally to architecture for a camera with folded optics and lens shifting capabilities. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     The advent of small, mobile multipurpose devices such as smartphones and tablet or pad devices has resulted in a need for high-resolution, small form factor cameras for integration in the devices. Some small form factor cameras may incorporate optical image stabilization (OIS) mechanisms that may sense and react to external excitation/disturbance by adjusting location of the optical lens on the X and/or Y axis in an attempt to compensate for unwanted motion of the lens. Some small form factor cameras may incorporate an autofocus (AF) mechanism whereby the object focal distance can be adjusted to focus an object plane in front of the camera at an image plane to be captured by the image sensor. In some such autofocus mechanisms, the optical lens is moved as a single rigid body along the optical axis of the camera to refocus the camera. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a perspective view of an example camera with a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates an example of 3-axis movement of a lens group within a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  3 A- 3 C  each illustrate a respective view of an example camera having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera along multiple axes, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  3 A  shows a perspective view of some structural components of the camera.  FIG.  3 B  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera.  FIG.  3 C  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera. 
         FIGS.  4 A- 4 B  each illustrate a respective view of another example camera having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera along multiple axes, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  4 A  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera.  FIG.  4 B  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera. 
         FIGS.  5 A- 5 C  each illustrate a respective view of yet another example camera having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera along multiple axes, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  5 A  shows a perspective view of some structural components of the camera.  FIG.  5 B  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera.  FIG.  5 C  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera. 
         FIGS.  6 A- 6 C  each illustrate a respective view of still yet another example camera having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera along multiple axes, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  6 A  shows a perspective view of some structural components of the camera.  FIG.  6 B  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera.  FIG.  6 C  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera. 
         FIGS.  7 A- 7 B  each illustrate a respective view of still yet another example camera having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera along multiple axes, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  7 A  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera.  FIG.  7 B  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera. 
         FIG.  8 A  illustrates an example autofocus (AF) actuator, e.g., for a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  8 B  illustrates another example AF actuator, e.g., for a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  9 A- 9 D  each illustrate a respective view of an example suspension arrangement for a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  9 A  shows a perspective view of the suspension arrangement.  FIG.  9 B  shows a top view of the suspension arrangement.  FIG.  9 C  shows a top detail view of a portion of the suspension arrangement.  FIG.  9 D  shows a bottom detail view of a portion of the suspension arrangement. 
         FIGS.  10 A- 10 E  each illustrate a respective view of an example position sensor arrangement for a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  10 A  shows a perspective view of the position sensor arrangement. The position sensor arrangement may include position sensors for position sensing with respect to AF movement, OIS-Y movement, and OIS-X movement.  FIG.  10 B  shows a detail view that focuses on position sensing with respect to AF movement.  FIGS.  10 C- 10 D  each shows a respective detail view that focuses on position sensing with respect to OIS-Y movement.  FIG.  10 E  shows a detail view that focuses on position sensing with respect to OIS-X movement. 
         FIG.  11    illustrates a perspective view of an example camera having a folded optics arrangement, with a shield can covering at least a portion of the internal components of the camera, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  12 A- 12 B  illustrate a flow diagram of an example method for assembling a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  13 A- 13 C  each illustrate a respective view of another example camera having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera along multiple axes, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  13 A  shows a perspective view of some structural components of the camera.  FIG.  13 B  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera.  FIG.  3 C  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera. 
         FIG.  14    illustrates an example camera that has a folded optics arrangement and that has a lower portion with a reduced dimension along the X-axis (e.g., as compared to that of the camera of  FIGS.  13 A- 13 C ), in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  15 A- 15 C  each illustrate a respective view of another example position sensor arrangement for a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  15 A  shows a perspective view of the position sensor arrangement. The position sensor arrangement may include position sensors for position sensing with respect to AF movement, OIS-X movement, and OIS-Y movement.  FIG.  15 B  shows a cross-sectional view that focuses on position sensing with respect to AF movement.  FIG.  15 C  shows a cross-sectional view that focuses on position sensing with respect to OIS-X and OIS-Y movement. 
         FIGS.  16 A- 16 B  illustrate an example camera that has a folded optics arrangement and that includes a module can with retention elements, in accordance with some embodiments.  FIG.  16 A  shows a perspective view of the camera.  FIG.  16 B  shows a cross-sectional view of the camera. 
         FIG.  17    illustrates an example base structure (e.g., for a camera having a folded optics arrangement) that includes a base bridge, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  18    illustrates a block diagram of an example portable multifunction device that may include a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  19    depicts an example portable multifunction device that may include a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  20    illustrates an example computer system that may include a camera having a folded optics arrangement, in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     This specification includes references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment.” The appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure. 
     “Comprising.” This term is open-ended. As used in the appended claims, this term does not foreclose additional structure or steps. Consider a claim that recites: “An apparatus comprising one or more processor units . . . .” Such a claim does not foreclose the apparatus from including additional components (e.g., a network interface unit, graphics circuitry, etc.). 
     “Configured To.” Various units, circuits, or other components may be described or claimed as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is used to connote structure by indicating that the units/circuits/components include structure (e.g., circuitry) that performs those task or tasks during operation. As such, the unit/circuit/component can be said to be configured to perform the task even when the specified unit/circuit/component is not currently operational (e.g., is not on). The units/circuits/components used with the “configured to” language include hardware—for example, circuits, memory storing program instructions executable to implement the operation, etc. Reciting that a unit/circuit/component is “configured to” perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112, sixth paragraph, for that unit/circuit/component. Additionally, “configured to” can include generic structure (e.g., generic circuitry) that is manipulated by software and/or firmware (e.g., an FPGA or a general-purpose processor executing software) to operate in manner that is capable of performing the task(s) at issue. “Configure to” may also include adapting a manufacturing process (e.g., a semiconductor fabrication facility) to fabricate devices (e.g., integrated circuits) that are adapted to implement or perform one or more tasks. 
     “First,” “Second,” etc. As used herein, these terms are used as labels for nouns that they precede, and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.). For example, a buffer circuit may be described herein as performing write operations for “first” and “second” values. The terms “first” and “second” do not necessarily imply that the first value must be written before the second value. 
     “Based On.” As used herein, this term is used to describe one or more factors that affect a determination. This term does not foreclose additional factors that may affect a determination. That is, a determination may be solely based on those factors or based, at least in part, on those factors. Consider the phrase “determine A based on B.” While in this case, B is a factor that affects the determination of A, such a phrase does not foreclose the determination of A from also being based on C. In other instances, A may be determined based solely on B. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first contact could be termed a second contact, and, similarly, a second contact could be termed a first contact, without departing from the intended scope. The first contact and the second contact are both contacts, but they are not the same contact. 
     The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     As used herein, the term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Some embodiments include camera equipment outfitted with controls, magnets, and voice coil motors to improve the effectiveness of a miniature actuation mechanism for a compact camera module. More specifically, in some embodiments, compact camera modules include actuators to deliver functions such as autofocus (AF) and/or optical image stabilization (OIS). One approach to delivering a very compact actuator for AF and/or OIS is to use a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator. 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that some embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments. 
     Described here are folded optics arrangements for providing a reduced-height imaging system. The arrangements discussed throughout generally comprise one or more lenses positioned between two light path folding elements, which collectively provides a dual-folded light path. The one or more lenses may be moveable between the light path folding elements to provide autofocus and/or image stabilization during imaging.  FIG.  1    shows a generalized example of a camera  100  with a folded optics arrangement The example X-Y-Z coordinate system shown in  FIG.  1    is used to discuss aspects of systems and/or system components, and may apply to embodiments described throughout this disclosure. 
     In various embodiments, the camera  100  may include a lens group  102 , a first prism  104 , a second prism  106 , and an image sensor package  108 . The lens group  102  may include one or more lens elements. In some embodiments, the lens group  102  may be located between the first prism  104  and the second prism  106 , forming the folded optics arrangement. Light may follow an optical path  110  that is folded by the first prism  104  such that the light is directed towards the lens group  102 , passes through the lens group  102 , and is folded by the second prism  106  such that the light is directed towards the image sensor package  108 . In some examples, light may enter an object side of the first prism  104  along the Z-axis. The first prism  104  may redirect the light to propagate along the X-axis (which may be parallel to an optical axis defined by the lens group  102 ) towards the lens group  102 . The second prism  106  may redirect the light to propagate along the Z-axis (which may be orthogonal to a plane defined by the image sensor package  108 ), e.g., such that the light exits an image side of the second prism  106  towards the image sensor package  108 . The first prism  104 , the lens group  102 , and/or the second prism  106  may be positioned along a common axis (e.g., the X-axis, the optical axis defined by the lens group  102 , etc.). According to some examples, the optical path  110  may be contained within a plane (e.g., the X-Z plane), and the image sensor package  108  may extend along a different plane (e.g., the X-Y plane). 
     In some embodiments, the object side of the first prism  104  may extend along the X-Y plane. Furthermore, the first prism  104  may include a pair of opposing lateral sides that each extend along the X-Z plane, a lens group facing side that extends along the Y-Z plane, and a reflecting surface side that is angled relative to one or more of the other sides of the first prism  104 . For example, the reflecting surface side of the first prism  104  may include a reflective surface that is angled so as to redirect light received from the object side of the first prism  104  towards the lens group  102  (via the lens group facing side of the first prism  104 ), as discussed above. 
     In some embodiments, the image side of the second prism  106  may extend along the X-Y plane, e.g., proximate the image sensor package  108 . Furthermore, the second prism  106  may include a pair of opposing lateral sides that each extend along the X-Z plane, a lens group facing side that extends along the Y-Z plane, and a reflecting surface side that is angled relative to one or more of the other sides of the second prism  106 . For example, the reflecting surface side of the second prism  106  may include a reflective surface that is angled so as to redirect light received from the lens group  102  (via the lens group facing side of the second prism  106 ) towards the image sensor package (via the image side of the second prism  106 ), as discussed above. 
     While the light path folding elements are shown in various figures as comprising prisms (e.g., the first prism  104  and the second prism  106 ), the camera systems and/or folded optics arrangements described herein may include any suitable light path folding element (e.g., a mirror or the like) or combination of elements. In some embodiments, one or more of the light path folding elements may also act as a lens element (or combination of lens elements). For example, one or more lens elements (e.g., other than those of the lens group  102 ) may be integrated with the first prism  104  (and/or the second prism  106 ) such that the prism acts as a lens element. Additionally, or alternatively, the first prism  104  (and/or the second prism  106 ) may be shaped such that the prism acts as a lens element. 
     As will be discussed in further detail below, the lens group  102  may be coupled with an actuator structure that is configured to move the lens group  102  along multiple axes, e.g., to provide autofocus (AF) and/or optical image stabilization (OIS) functionality.  FIG.  2    shows an example of 3-axis movement of the lens group  102  to provide AF and/or OIS functionality. For example, the lens group  102  may be shifted (e.g., by an actuator structure, such as the actuator structures/arrangements discussed in further detail below) along the X-axis to provide AF movement. Additionally, or alternatively, the lens group  102  may be shifted along the Z-axis to provide OIS-X movement (e.g., movement that shifts the image projected on the image sensor package  108  in one or more directions parallel to the X-axis). Additionally, or alternatively, the lens group  102  may be shifted along the Y-axis to provide OIS-Y movement (e.g., movement that shifts the image projected on the image sensor package  108  in one or more directions parallel to the Y-axis). Components of the camera  100  (e.g., the lens group  102 , the first prism  104 , the second prism  106 , and/or the image sensor package  108 , etc.) may be used with any of the actuator arrangements described in the following figures. 
     As mentioned above, the camera systems described here may comprise an actuator system to move the lens group relative to the light path folding elements (e.g., the first prism  104  and the second prism  106 ). The actuator arrangements described here may generally comprise one or more carrier structures (e.g., the inner carrier structures and/or the outer carrier structures of the carrier arrangements discussed below), one or more suspension structures for moveably holding the carrier structure(s) relative to the rest of the camera and/or for moveably holding a carrier structure relative to another carrier structure, and an actuator module for controlling movement of the carrier structure(s).  FIGS.  3 A- 3 C  show perspective and cross-sectional views of one such variation, and include an example camera  300  with a folded optics arrangement. 
     In some embodiments, the camera  300  may include a lens group  302 , a first prism  304 , a second prism  306 , and an image sensor (not shown). The lens group  302  may include one or more lens elements  308  disposed within a lens barrel  310 . 
     In various embodiments, the camera  300  may include an actuator module  312  that provides for shifting the lens group  302  along multiple axes, e.g., to provide AF and/or OIS movement. In some embodiments, the actuator module  312  may comprise a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator module that includes one or more VCM actuators. For instance, the actuator module  312  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. The magnets and coils may magnetically interact (e.g., when electrical current is provided to the coils) to produce Lorentz forces that move the lens group  302 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  300  may include a carrier arrangement that includes an inner carrier structure (e.g., the lens barrel  310  and/or a lens carrier) and an outer carrier structure (e.g., a magnet holder  314  and/or a magnet frame). One or more coils may be coupled to the inner carrier structure (e.g., to the lens barrel  310  and/or a lens carrier). Furthermore, one or more magnets may be coupled to the outer carrier structure (e.g., to the magnet holder  314 ). In some embodiments, the magnet holder  314  may extend at least partially around the first prism  304 , at least partially around the lens barrel  310  (and the lens group  302 ), and/or at least partially around the second prism  306 . For instance, as shown in  FIGS.  3 A- 3 C , the magnet holder  314  may extend at least partially around the lens barrel  310  and the first prism  304 . The magnet holder  314  may be U-shaped in some embodiments. 
     The magnet holder  314  may have multiple sides and/or portions. For example, the magnet holder  314  may have a first side, a second side, and a third side. The first side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the side surfaces of the optical elements. The second side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the opposite side surfaces of the optical elements. The third side may be a distal/object side extending along the Y-axis, and may be positioned behind at least a portion of the reflecting surface side of the first prism  304  (e.g., such that the first prism  304  is disposed between the lens group  302  and the magnet holder  314 ). 
     According to some examples, a first portion of the magnet holder  314  (e.g., the first side of the magnet holder  314 ) may extend proximate a first side of the lens barrel  310 , a second portion of the magnet holder  314  (e.g., the second side of the magnet holder  314 ) may extend proximate a second side of the lens barrel  310  that is opposite the first side of the lens barrel  310 , and a third portion of the magnet holder  314  (e.g. the third side of the magnet holder  314 ) may be tucked under a portion of the first prism  304  and may extend from the first portion to the second portion, e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  3 A- 3 C . In some embodiments, the magnet holder  314  (and/or outer carrier structure) may have a different number of sides and/or a different combination of sides, e.g., as will be discussed below with reference to at least  FIGS.  4 A- 6 C . While  FIGS.  3 A- 3 C  show the magnet holder  314  partially encircling the optical elements of the folded optics arrangement (e.g., the first prism  304 , the lens group  302 , and the second prism  306 ), it is understood that the magnet holder  314  may encircle the optical elements (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 A- 5 C ) in some embodiments. 
     As will be discussed below with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 D , the lens barrel  310  may be suspended from the magnet holder  314  via a suspension arrangement. Additionally, or alternatively, the magnet holder  314  may be suspended from a fixed (or static) structure (e.g., fixed structure  316 ) of the camera  300  via the suspension arrangement. The suspension arrangement may allow the lens barrel  310  to move relative to the magnet holder  314 . Furthermore, the suspension arrangement may allow the lens barrel  310  to move together with the magnet holder  314  relative to the fixed structure  316 . In various examples, the lens barrel  310  may be fixedly attached to the lens group  302 , and movement of the lens barrel  310  (e.g., due to actuation of one or more actuators of the actuator module  312 ) may cause movement of the lens group  302 , such that the lens group  302  moves together with the lens barrel  310 . According to some embodiments, the fixed structure  316  may include a component of the camera  300  to which the carrier arrangement is moveably connected (e.g., via suspension elements). The fixed structure  316  may be fixed relative to movement of the carrier arrangement. Furthermore, the fixed structure  316  may be fixed relative to the first prism  304 , the second prism  306 , and/or the image sensor. In some examples, the fixed structure  316  may include multiple components that are joined or otherwise fixed relative to each other. 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module  312  may include one or more AF VCM actuators and/or one or more OIS VCM actuators. In some embodiments, the actuator module  312  may include an AF VCM actuator  318  (e.g., to provide AF movement), an OIS-Y VCM actuator  320  (e.g., to provide OIS-Y movement), and an OIS-X VCM actuator  322  (e.g., to provide OIS-X movement). 
     The AF VCM actuator  318  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. In some examples, the AF VCM actuator  318  may include an AF magnet  324  (e.g., a single-pole magnet) and an AF coil  326 . The AF magnet  324  may be attached to the fixed structure  316 . The AF coil  326  may be attached to the magnet holder  314 . In some embodiments, the AF magnet  324  may have a longest dimension that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the AF coil  326 . In some embodiments, the AF coil  326  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the AF coil  326  define a plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  316  (e.g., the surface on which the AF magnet  324  is mounted) and/or substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The AF magnet  324  and the AF coil  326  may be located proximate one another, and the AF coil  326  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the AF magnet  324  to produce Lorentz forces that move the AF coil  326 , the magnet holder  314 , and/or the lens group  302  along an axis (e.g., along the X-axis) to provide AF movement (e.g., movement that shifts an image projected on the image sensor in one or more directions parallel to the Z-axis). The AF magnet  324 , being attached to the fixed structure  316 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the AF coil  326 . In various embodiments, the AF VCM actuator  318  may be tucked within a space under a portion of the first prism  304 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  3 B . In this manner, the impact of the AF VCM actuator  318  on the dimension of the system along its long axis (e.g., the X-axis) and along its vertical axis (e.g., the Z-axis) may be reduced or eliminated. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  320  and the OIS-X VCM actuator  322  may share one or more OIS magnets  328  (also referred to herein as “shared OIS magnets”). In some embodiments, the shared OIS magnets  328  may be dual-pole magnets. The shared OIS magnets  328  may be attached to the magnet holder  314 , e.g., at opposing sides of the lens group  302 , as shown in  FIGS.  3 B and  3 C . 
     According to some examples, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  320  may include one or more OIS-Y coils  330 . The OIS-Y coils  330  may be attached to the fixed structure  316 . In some embodiments, each OIS-Y coil  330  may be located below a respective shared OIS magnet  328 . The OIS-Y coils  330  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  328  to produce Lorentz forces that move the shared OIS magnets  328 , the magnet holder  314 , and/or the lens group  302  along an axis (e.g., along the Y-axis) to provide OIS-Y movement (e.g., movement that shifts an image projected on the image sensor in one or more directions parallel to the Y-axis). The OIS-Y coils  330 , being attached to the fixed structure  316 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the shared OIS magnets  328 . In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  328  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-Y coils  330 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  328  and the OIS-Y coils  330  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  328  and the OIS-Y coils  330  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  324  and the AF coil  326  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-Y coils  330  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-Y coils  330  define a respective plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  316  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  330  are mounted). 
     According to some examples, the OIS-X VCM actuator  322  may include one or more OIS-X coils  332 . The OIS-X coils  332  may be attached to the lens barrel  310 . In some embodiments, each OIS-X coil  332  may be located between a respective shared OIS magnet  328  and the lens group  302 . The OIS-X coils  332  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  328  to produce Lorentz forces that move the OIS-X coils  332 , the lens barrel  310 , and the lens group  302  along an axis (e.g., along the Z-axis), relative to the magnet holder  314  and/or the fixed structure  316 , to provide OIS-X movement (e.g., movement that shifts an image projected on the image sensor in one or more directions parallel to the X-axis). In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  328  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-X coils  332 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  328  and the OIS-X coils  332  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  328  and the OIS-X coils  332  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  324  and the AF coil  326  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-X coils  332  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-X coils  332  define a respective plane that is substantially orthogonal to a surface of the fixed structure  316  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  330  are mounted). 
     In various embodiments, the camera  300  may include a substrate below the second prism  306 . An image sensor may be coupled to the substrate. In some embodiments, a filter (e.g., an infrared filter) may also be coupled to the substrate. For instance, the filter may be located above the image sensor such that light passes through the filter before reaching the image sensor. In some examples, the substrate may be parallel to the fixed structure  316 . Additionally, or alternatively, the fixed structure  316  may include the substrate and/or one or more other components. 
     In some embodiments, the camera  300  may include a first prism holder  334  that holds the first prism  304 . In some embodiments, the first prism  304  may be attached to one or more fixed (or static) structures of the camera  300  via the first prism holder  334 . For instance, the first prism holder  334  may be attached to a shield can  336  in some cases. Additionally, or alternatively, the camera  300  may include a second prism holder  338  that holds the second prism  306 . In some embodiments, the second prism  306  may be attached to one or more fixed (or static) structures of the camera  300  via the second prism holder  338 . For instance, the second prism holder  338  may be attached to the shield can  336  in some cases. 
       FIGS.  4 A- 4 B  each illustrate a respective view of another example camera  400  having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera  400  along multiple axes.  FIG.  4 A  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera  400 .  FIG.  4 B  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera  400 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  400  may include a lens group  402 , a first prism  404 , and a second prism  406 , and an image sensor (not shown). The lens group  402  may include one or more lens elements disposed within a lens barrel  408 . 
     In various embodiments, the camera  400  may include an actuator module  410  that provides for shifting the lens group  402  along multiple axes, e.g., to provide AF and/or OIS movement. In some embodiments, the actuator module  410  may comprise a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator module that includes one or more VCM actuators. For instance, the actuator module  410  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. The magnets and coils may magnetically interact (e.g., when electrical current is provided to the coils) to produce Lorentz forces that move the lens group  402 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  400  may include a carrier arrangement that includes an inner carrier structure (e.g., the lens barrel  408  and/or a lens carrier) and an outer carrier structure (e.g., a magnet holder  412  and/or a magnet frame). One or more coils may be coupled to the inner carrier structure (e.g., to the lens barrel  408  and/or a lens carrier). Furthermore, one or more magnets may be coupled to the outer carrier structure (e.g., to the magnet holder  412 ). In some embodiments, the magnet holder  412  may extend at least partially around the first prism  404 , at least partially around the lens barrel  408  (and the lens group  402 ), and/or at least partially around the second prism  406 . For instance, as shown in  FIGS.  4 A- 4 B , the magnet holder  412  may extend at least partially around the lens barrel  408  and the second prism  406 . The magnet holder  412  may be U-shaped in some embodiments. 
     The magnet holder  412  may have multiple sides and/or portions. For example, the magnet holder  412  may have a first side, a second side, and a third side. The first side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the side surface of the optical elements. The second side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the opposite side surface of the optical elements. The third side may be a proximal/image side extending along the Y-axis, and may be positioned in front of at least a portion of the reflecting surface side of the second prism  406  (e.g., such that the second prism  406  is disposed between the lens group  402  and the magnet holder  412 ). 
     According to some examples, a first portion of the magnet holder  412  (e.g., the first side of the magnet holder  412 ) may extend proximate a first side of the lens barrel  408 , a second portion of the magnet holder  412  (e.g., the second side of the magnet holder  412 ) may extend proximate a second side of the lens barrel  408  that is opposite the first side of the lens barrel  408 , and a third portion of the magnet holder  412  (e.g., the third side of the magnet holder  412 ) may extend in front of a portion of the second prism  406 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  4 A- 4 B . As will be discussed below with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 D , the lens barrel  408  may be suspended from the magnet holder  412  via a suspension arrangement. Additionally, or alternatively, the magnet holder  412  may be suspended from a fixed structure  414  of the camera  400  via the suspension arrangement. The suspension arrangement may allow the lens barrel  408  to move relative to the magnet holder  412 . Furthermore, the suspension arrangement may allow the lens barrel  408  to move together with the magnet holder  412  relative to the fixed structure  414 . 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module  410  may include one or more AF VCM actuators and/or one or more OIS VCM actuators. In some embodiments, the actuator module  410  may include an AF VCM actuator  416  (e.g., to provide AF movement), an OIS-Y VCM actuator  418  (e.g., to provide OIS-Y movement), and an OIS-X VCM actuator  420  (e.g., to provide OIS-X movement). 
     The AF VCM actuator  416  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. In some examples, the AF VCM actuator  416  may include an AF magnet  422  (e.g., a single-pole magnet) and an AF coil  424 . The AF magnet  422  may be attached to the magnet holder  412 . The AF coil  424  may be attached to the fixed structure  414 . In some embodiments, the AF magnet  422  may have a longest dimension that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the AF coil  424 . In some embodiments, the AF coil  424  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the AF coil  424  define a plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  414  (e.g., the surface on which the AF coil  424  is mounted) and/or substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The AF magnet  422  and the AF coil  424  may be located proximate one another, and the AF coil  424  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the AF magnet  422  to produce Lorentz forces that move the AF magnet  422 , the magnet holder  412 , and/or the lens group  402  along an axis (e.g., along the X-axis) to provide AF movement. The AF coil  424 , being attached to the fixed structure  414 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the AF magnet  422 . In various embodiments, the AF VCM actuator  416  may be located in front of a portion of the second prism  406 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  4 A . 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  418  and the OIS-X VCM actuator  420  may share one or more OIS magnets  426 . In some embodiments, the shared OIS magnets  426  may be dual-pole magnets. The shared OIS magnets  426  may be attached to the magnet holder  412 , e.g., at opposing sides of the lens group  402 , as shown in  FIGS.  4 A and  4 B . 
     According to some examples, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  418  may include one or more OIS-Y coils  428 . The OIS-Y coils  428  may be attached to the fixed structure  414 . In some embodiments, each OIS-Y coil  428  may be located below a respective shared OIS magnet  426 . The OIS-Y coils  428  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  426  to produce Lorentz forces that move the shared OIS magnets  426 , the magnet holder  412 , and/or the lens group  402  along an axis (e.g., along the Y-axis) to provide OIS-Y movement. The OIS-Y coils  428 , being attached to the fixed structure  414 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the shared OIS magnets  426 . In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  426  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-Y coils  428 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  426  and the OIS-Y coils  428  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  426  and the OIS-Y coils  428  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  422  and the AF coil  424  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-Y coils  428  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-Y coils  428  define a respective plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  414  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  428  are mounted). 
     According to some examples, the OIS-X VCM actuator  420  may include one or more OIS-X coils  430 . The OIS-X coils  430  may be attached to the lens barrel  408 . In some embodiments, each OIS-X coil  430  may be located between a respective shared OIS magnet  426  and the lens group  402 . The OIS-X coils  430  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  426  to produce Lorentz forces that move the OIS-X coils  430 , the lens barrel  408 , and the lens group  402  along an axis (e.g., along the Z-axis), relative to the magnet holder  412  and/or the fixed structure  414 , to provide OIS-X movement. In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  426  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-X coils  430 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  426  and the OIS-X coils  430  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  426  and the OIS-X coils  430  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  422  and the AF coil  424  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-X coils  430  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-X coils  430  define a respective plane that is substantially orthogonal to a surface of the fixed structure  414  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  428  are mounted). 
       FIGS.  5 A- 5 C  each illustrate a respective view of yet another example camera  500  having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera  500  along multiple axes.  FIG.  5 A  shows a perspective view of some structural components of the camera  500 .  FIG.  5 B  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera  500 .  FIG.  5 C  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera  500 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  500  may include a lens group  502 , a first prism  504 , and a second prism  506 , and an image sensor (not shown). The lens group  502  may include one or more lens elements disposed within a lens barrel  508 . 
     In various embodiments, the camera  500  may include an actuator module  510  that provides for shifting the lens group  502  along multiple axes, e.g., to provide AF and/or OIS movement. In some embodiments, the actuator module  510  may comprise a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator module that includes one or more VCM actuators. For instance, the actuator module  510  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. The magnets and coils may magnetically interact (e.g., when electrical current is provided to the coils) to produce Lorentz forces that move the lens group  502 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  500  may include a carrier arrangement that includes an inner carrier structure (e.g., the lens barrel  508  and/or a lens carrier) and an outer carrier structure (e.g., a magnet holder  512  and/or a magnet frame). One or more coils may be coupled to the inner carrier structure (e.g., to the lens barrel  508  and/or a lens carrier). Furthermore, one or more magnets may be coupled to the outer carrier structure (e.g., to the magnet holder  512 ). In some embodiments, the magnet holder  512  may extend at least partially around the first prism  504 , the lens barrel  508  (and the lens group  502 ), and the second prism  506 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 A- 5 C . 
     The magnet holder  512  may have multiple sides and/or portions. For example, the magnet holder  512  may have a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side. The first side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the side surfaces of the optical elements. The second side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the opposite side surfaces of the optical elements. The third side may be a distal/object side extending along the Y-axis, and may be positioned behind at least a portion of the reflecting surface side of the first prism  504  (e.g., such that the first prism  504  is disposed between the lens group  502  and the magnet holder  512 ). The fourth side may be a proximal/image side extending along the Y-axis, and may be positioned in front of at least a portion of the reflecting surface side of the second prism  506  (e.g., such that the second prism  506  is disposed between the lens group  502  and the magnet holder  512 ). In some non-limiting examples, the magnet holder  512  may encircle the optical elements of the folded optics arrangement (e.g., the first prism  504 , the lens group  502 , and the second prism  506 ). In some examples, one or more of the sides of the magnet holder  512  may comprise two parts that are spaced apart from each other by a gap, so that the magnet holder  512  partially encircles the optical elements. 
     According to some examples, a first portion of the magnet holder  512  (e.g. the first side of the magnet holder  512 ) may extend proximate a first side of the lens barrel  508 , a second portion of the magnet holder  512  (e.g., the second side of the magnet holder  512 ) may extend proximate a second side of the lens barrel  508  that is opposite the first side of the lens barrel  508 , a third portion of the magnet holder  512  (e.g., the third side of the magnet holder  512 ) may be tucked under a portion of the first prism  504 , and a fourth portion of the magnet holder  512  (e.g., the fourth side of the magnet holder  512 ) may extend in front of the second prism  506 . As will be discussed below with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 D , the lens barrel  508  may be suspended from the magnet holder  512  via a suspension arrangement. Additionally, or alternatively, the magnet holder  512  may be suspended from a fixed structure  514  of the camera  500  via the suspension arrangement. The suspension arrangement may allow the lens barrel  508  to move relative to the magnet holder  512 . Furthermore, the suspension arrangement may allow the lens barrel  508  to move together with the magnet holder  512  relative to the fixed structure  514 . 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module  510  may include one or more AF VCM actuators and/or one or more OIS VCM actuators. In some embodiments, the actuator module  510  may include an AF VCM actuator  516  (e.g., to provide AF movement), an OIS-Y VCM actuator  518  (e.g., to provide OIS-Y movement), and an OIS-X VCM actuator  520  (e.g., to provide OIS-X movement). 
     The AF VCM actuator  516  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. In some examples, the AF VCM actuator  516  may include an AF magnet  522  (e.g., a single-pole magnet) and an AF coil  524 . The AF magnet  522  may be attached to the fixed structure  514 . The AF coil  524  may be attached to the magnet holder  512 . In some embodiments, the AF magnet  522  may have a longest dimension that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the AF coil  524 . In some embodiments, the AF coil  524  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the AF coil  524  define a plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  514  (e.g., the surface on which the AF magnet  522  is mounted) and/or substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The AF magnet  522  and the AF coil  524  may be located proximate one another, and the AF coil  524  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the AF magnet  522  to produce Lorentz forces that move the AF coil  524 , the magnet holder  512 , and/or the lens group  502  along an axis (e.g., along the X-axis) to provide AF movement. The AF magnet  522 , being attached to the fixed structure  514 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the AF coil  524 . In various embodiments, the AF VCM actuator  516  may be tucked within a space under a portion of the first prism  504 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  5 B . In this manner, the impact of the AF VCM actuator  516  on the dimension of the system along the system X-axis and along the system Z-axis may be reduced or eliminated. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  518  and the OIS-X VCM actuator  520  may share one or more OIS magnets  526 . In some embodiments, the shared OIS magnets  526  may be dual-pole magnets. The shared OIS magnets  526  may be attached to the magnet holder  512 , e.g., at opposing sides of the lens group  502 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 B and  5 C . 
     According to some examples, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  518  may include one or more OIS-Y coils  528 . The OIS-Y coils  528  may be attached to the fixed structure  514 . In some embodiments, each OIS-Y coil  528  may be located below a respective shared OIS magnet  526 . The OIS-Y coils  528  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  526  to produce Lorentz forces that move the shared OIS magnets  526 , the magnet holder  512 , and/or the lens group  502  along an axis (e.g., along the Y-axis) to provide OIS-Y movement. The OIS-Y coils  528 , being attached to the fixed structure  514 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the shared OIS magnets  526 . In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  526  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-Y coils  528 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  526  and the OIS-Y coils  528  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  526  and the OIS-Y coils  528  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  522  and the AF coil  524  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-Y coils  528  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-Y coils  528  define a respective plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  514  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  528  are mounted). 
     According to some examples, the OIS-X VCM actuator  520  may include one or more OIS-X coils  530 . The OIS-X coils  530  may be attached to the lens barrel  508 . In some embodiments, each OIS-X coil  530  may be located between a respective shared OIS magnet  526  and the lens group  502 . The OIS-X coils  530  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  526  to produce Lorentz forces that move the OIS-X coils  530 , the lens barrel  508 , and the lens group  502  along an axis (e.g., along the Z-axis), relative to the magnet holder  512  and/or the fixed structure  514 , to provide OIS-X movement. In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  526  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-X coils  530 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  526  and the OIS-X coils  530  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  526  and the OIS-X coils  530  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  522  and the AF coil  524  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-X coils  530  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-X coils  530  define a respective plane that is substantially orthogonal to a surface of the fixed structure  514  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  528  are mounted). 
       FIGS.  6 A- 6 C  each illustrate a respective view of still yet another example camera  600  having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera  600  along multiple axes.  FIG.  6 A  shows a perspective view of some structural components of the camera  600 .  FIG.  6 B  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera  600 .  FIG.  6 C  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera  600 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  600  may include a lens group  602 , a first prism  604 , and a second prism  606 , and an image sensor (not shown). The lens group  602  may include one or more lens elements disposed within a lens barrel  608 . 
     In various embodiments, the camera  600  may include an actuator module  610  that provides for shifting the lens group  602  along multiple axes, e.g., to provide AF and/or OIS movement. In some embodiments, the actuator module  610  may comprise a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator module that includes one or more VCM actuators. For instance, the actuator module  610  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. The magnets and coils may magnetically interact (e.g., when electrical current is provided to the coils) to produce Lorentz forces that move the lens group  602 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  600  may include a carrier arrangement that includes an inner carrier structure (e.g., the lens barrel  608  and/or a lens carrier) and an outer carrier structure (e.g., a magnet holder  612  and/or a magnet frame). One or more coils may be coupled to the inner carrier structure (e.g., to the lens barrel  608  and/or a lens carrier). Furthermore, one or more magnets may be coupled to the outer carrier structure (e.g., to the magnet holder  612 ). In some embodiments, the magnet holder  612  may extend at least partially around the first prism  604 , the lens barrel  608  (and the lens group  602 ), and the second prism  606 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  6 A- 6 C . 
     The magnet holder  612  may have multiple sides and/or portions. For example, the magnet holder  612  may have a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side. The first side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the side surfaces of the optical elements. The second side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the opposite side surfaces of the optical elements. The third side may be a distal/object side extending along the Y-axis, and may be positioned behind at least a portion of the reflecting surface side of the first prism  604  (e.g., such that the first prism  604  is disposed between the lens group  602  and the magnet holder  612 ). The fourth side may be an upper side/portion extending above the lens group  602  and connecting the first side to the second side. In some embodiments, the fourth side may at least partially encompass an upper surface of the lens barrel  608  (and/or a lens carrier). Furthermore, in some embodiments, the fourth side may not encompass upper surfaces of the first prism  604  and/or the second prism  606 . There may be gap between an upper surface of the lens barrel  608  (and/or a lens carrier). The gap may provide sufficient clearance to allow movement of the lens barrel  608  (and/or a lens carrier) along the Z-direction (e.g., to provide OIS-X movement). 
     According to some examples, a first portion of the magnet holder  612  (e.g., the first side of the magnet holder  612 ) may extend proximate a first side of the lens barrel  608 , a second portion of the magnet holder  612  (e.g., the second side of the magnet holder  612 ) may extend proximate a second side of the lens barrel  608  that is opposite the first side of the lens barrel  608 , a third portion of the magnet holder  612  (e.g., the third side of the magnet holder  612 ) may be tucked under a portion of the first prism  604 , and a fourth portion of the magnet holder  612  (e.g, the fourth side of the magnet holder  612 ) may extend above the lens barrel  608  (e.g., from the first side of the lens barrel  608 , over the top of the lens barrel  608 , to the second side of the lens barrel  608 ). The fourth side/portion may provide structural support to the magnet holder  612 . For example, by attaching a first end portion of the first side of the magnet holder  612  to a second end portion of the second side of the magnet holder  612 , the fourth side may improve the structural integrity of the magnet holder  612 , e.g., as compared to the three-sided magnet holders described above with reference to  FIGS.  3 A- 4 B . As will be discussed below with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 D , the lens barrel  608  may be suspended from the magnet holder  612  via a suspension arrangement. Additionally, or alternatively, the magnet holder  612  may be suspended from a fixed structure  614  of the camera  600  via the suspension arrangement. The suspension arrangement may allow the lens barrel  608  to move relative to the magnet holder  612 . Furthermore, the suspension arrangement may allow the lens barrel  608  to move together with the magnet holder  612  relative to the fixed structure  614 . 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module  610  may include one or more AF VCM actuators and/or one or more OIS VCM actuators. In some embodiments, the actuator module  610  may include an AF VCM actuator  616  (e.g., to provide AF movement), an OIS-Y VCM actuator  618  (e.g., to provide OIS-Y movement), and an OIS-X VCM actuator  620  (e.g., to provide OIS-X movement). 
     The AF VCM actuator  616  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. In some examples, the AF VCM actuator  616  may include an AF magnet  622  (e.g., a single-pole magnet) and an AF coil  624 . The AF magnet  622  may be attached to the fixed structure  614 . The AF coil  624  may be attached to the magnet holder  612 . In some embodiments, the AF magnet  622  may have a longest dimension that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the AF coil  624 . In some embodiments, the AF coil  624  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the AF coil  624  define a plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  614  (e.g., the surface on which the AF magnet  622  is mounted) and/or substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The AF magnet  622  and the AF coil  624  may be located proximate one another, and the AF coil  624  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the AF magnet  622  to produce Lorentz forces that move the AF coil  624 , the magnet holder  612 , and/or the lens group  602  along an axis (e.g., along the X-axis) to provide AF movement. The AF magnet  622 , being attached to the fixed structure  614 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the AF coil  624 . In various embodiments, the AF VCM actuator  616  may be tucked within a space under a portion of the first prism  604 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  6 B . In this manner, the impact of the AF VCM actuator  616  on the dimension of the system along the system X-axis and along the system Z-axis may be reduced or eliminated. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  618  and the OIS-X VCM actuator  620  may share one or more OIS magnets  626 . In some embodiments, the shared OIS magnets  626  may be dual-pole magnets. The shared OIS magnets  626  may be attached to the magnet holder  612 , e.g., at opposing sides of the lens group  602 , as shown in  FIGS.  6 B and  6 C . 
     According to some examples, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  618  may include one or more OIS-Y coils  628 . The OIS-Y coils  628  may be attached to the fixed structure  614 . In some embodiments, each OIS-Y coil  628  may be located below a respective shared OIS magnet  626 . The OIS-Y coils  628  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  626  to produce Lorentz forces that move the shared OIS magnets  626 , the magnet holder  612 , and/or the lens group  602  along an axis (e.g., along the Y-axis) to provide OIS-Y movement. The OIS-Y coils  628 , being attached to the fixed structure  614 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the shared OIS magnets  626 . In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  626  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-Y coils  628 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  626  and the OIS-Y coils  628  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  626  and the OIS-Y coils  628  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  622  and the AF coil  624  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-Y coils  628  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-Y coils  628  define a respective plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  614  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  628  are mounted). 
     According to some examples, the OIS-X VCM actuator  620  may include one or more OIS-X coils  630 . The OIS-X coils  630  may be attached to the lens barrel  608 . In some embodiments, each OIS-X coil  630  may be located between a respective shared OIS magnet  626  and the lens group  602 . The OIS-X coils  630  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  626  to produce Lorentz forces that move the OIS-X coils  630 , the lens barrel  608 , and the lens group  602  along an axis (e.g., along the Z-axis), relative to the magnet holder  612  and/or the fixed structure  614 , to provide OIS-X movement. In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  626  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-X coils  630 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  626  and the OIS-X coils  630  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  626  and the OIS-X coils  630  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  622  and the AF coil  624  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-X coils  630  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-X coils  630  define a respective plane that is substantially orthogonal to a surface of the fixed structure  614  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  628  are mounted). 
       FIGS.  7 A- 7 B  each illustrate a respective view of still yet another example camera  700  having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera  700  along multiple axes.  FIG.  7 A  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera  700 .  FIG.  7 B  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera  700 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  700  may include a lens group  702 , a first prism  704 , and a second prism  706 , and an image sensor (not shown). The lens group  702  may include one or more lens elements disposed within a lens barrel  708 . Furthermore, in various embodiments the camera  700  may include a lens carrier  710  configured to hold the lens barrel  708  and/or the lens group  702 . 
     In various embodiments, the camera  700  may include an actuator module  712  that provides for shifting the lens group  702  along multiple axes, e.g., to provide AF and/or OIS movement. In some embodiments, the actuator module  712  may comprise a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator module that includes one or more VCM actuators. For instance, the actuator module  712  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. The magnets and coils may magnetically interact (e.g., when electrical current is provided to the coils) to produce Lorentz forces that move the lens group  702 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  700  may include a carrier arrangement that includes an inner carrier structure (e.g., the lens carrier  710  and/or the lens barrel  708 ) and an outer carrier structure (e.g., a magnet holder  714  and/or a magnet frame). As indicated in  FIG.  7   , instead of having a single component (e.g., a lens barrel) that holds the lens element(s) of the lens group  702 , the camera  700  may include multiple components (e.g., the lens barrel  708  in which one or more lens elements of the lens group  702  may be fixed, the lens carrier  710  that holds the lens barrel  708 , etc.) that collectively holds the lens group  702  and one or more portions (e.g., one or more coils) of the actuator module  712 , and that collectively couples with the magnet holder  714  (e.g., via suspension elements). The lens carrier  710  may be further subdivided into individual connected components in some embodiments. One or more coils may be coupled to the inner carrier structure (e.g., to the lens carrier  710 ). Furthermore, one or more magnets may be coupled to the outer carrier structure (e.g., to the magnet holder  714 ). In some embodiments, the magnet holder  714  may extend at least partially around the first prism  704 , at least partially around the lens carrier  710  (and the lens group  702 ), and/or at least partially around the second prism  706 . For instance, as shown in  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B , the magnet holder  714  may extend at least partially around the lens carrier  710  and the first prism  704 . The magnet holder  714  may be U-shaped in some embodiments. 
     The magnet holder  714  may have multiple sides. For example, the magnet holder  714  may have a first side, a second side, and a third side, e.g., similar to the sides of the magnet holder  314  described above with reference to  FIGS.  3 A- 3 C . According to some examples, a first portion of the magnet holder  714  (e.g., the first side of the magnet holder  714 ) may extend proximate a first side of the lens carrier  710 , a second portion of the magnet holder  714  (e.g., the second side of the magnet holder  714 ) may extend proximate a second side of the lens carrier  710  that is opposite the first side of the lens carrier  710 , and a third portion of the magnet holder  714  (e.g., the third side of the magnet holder  714 ) may be tucked under a portion of the first prism  704  and may extend from the first portion to the second portion, e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B . As will be discussed below with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 D , the lens carrier  710  may be suspended from the magnet holder  714  via a suspension arrangement. Additionally, or alternatively, the magnet holder  714  may be suspended from a fixed structure  716  of the camera  700  via the suspension arrangement. The suspension arrangement may allow the lens carrier  710  to move relative to the magnet holder  714 . Furthermore, the suspension arrangement may allow the lens carrier  710  to move together with the magnet holder  714  relative to the fixed structure  716 . 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module  712  may include one or more AF VCM actuators and/or one or more OIS VCM actuators. In some embodiments, the actuator module  712  may include an AF VCM actuator  718  (e.g., to provide AF movement), an OIS-Y VCM actuator  720  (e.g., to provide OIS-Y movement), and an OIS-X VCM actuator  722  (e.g., to provide OIS-X movement). 
     The AF VCM actuator  718  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. In some examples, the AF VCM actuator  718  may include an AF magnet  724  (e.g., a single-pole magnet) and an AF coil  726 . The AF magnet  724  may be attached to the fixed structure  716 . The AF coil  726  may be attached to the magnet holder  714 . In some embodiments, the AF magnet  724  may have a longest dimension that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the AF coil  726 . In some embodiments, the AF coil  726  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the AF coil  726  define a plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  716  (e.g., the surface on which the AF magnet  724  is mounted) and/or substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The AF magnet  724  and the AF coil  726  may be located proximate one another, and the AF coil  726  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the AF magnet  724  to produce Lorentz forces that move the AF coil  726 , the magnet holder  714 , and/or the lens group  702  along an axis (e.g., along the X-axis) to provide AF movement. The AF magnet  724 , being attached to the fixed structure  716 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the AF coil  726 . In various embodiments, the AF VCM actuator  718  may be tucked within a space under a portion of the first prism  704 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  7 A . In this manner, the impact of the AF VCM actuator  718  on the dimension of the system along the system X-axis and along the system Z-axis may be reduced or eliminated. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  720  and the OIS-X VCM actuator  722  may share one or more OIS magnets  728 . In some embodiments, the shared OIS magnets  728  may be dual-pole magnets. The shared OIS magnets  728  may be attached to the magnet holder  714 , e.g., at opposing sides of the lens group  702 , as shown in  FIGS.  7 A and  7 B . 
     According to some examples, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  720  may include one or more OIS-Y coils  730 . The OIS-Y coils  730  may be attached to the fixed structure  716 . In some embodiments, each OIS-Y coil  730  may be located below a respective shared OIS magnet  728 . The OIS-Y coils  730  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  728  to produce Lorentz forces that move the shared OIS magnets  728 , the magnet holder  714 , and/or the lens group  702  along an axis (e.g., along the Y-axis) to provide OIS-Y movement. The OIS-Y coils  730 , being attached to the fixed structure  716 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the shared OIS magnets  728 . In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  728  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-Y coils  730 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  728  and the OIS-Y coils  730  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  728  and the OIS-Y coils  730  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  724  and the AF coil  726  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-Y coils  730  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-Y coils  730  define a respective plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  716  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  730  are mounted). 
     According to some examples, the OIS-X VCM actuator  722  may include one or more OIS-X coils  732 . The OIS-X coils  732  may be attached to the lens carrier  710 . In some embodiments, each OIS-X coil  732  may be located between a respective shared OIS magnet  728  and the lens group  702 . The OIS-X coils  732  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  728  to produce Lorentz forces that move the OIS-X coils  732 , the lens carrier  710 , and the lens group  702  along an axis (e.g., along the Z-axis), relative to the magnet holder  714  and/or the fixed structure  716 , to provide OIS-X movement. In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  728  may have respective longest dimensions that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions of the OIS-X coils  732 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  728  and the OIS-X coils  732  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  728  and the OIS-X coils  732  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  724  and the AF coil  726  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-X coils  732  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-X coils  732  define a respective plane that is substantially orthogonal to a surface of the fixed structure  716  (e.g., the surface on which the OIS-Y coils  730  are mounted). 
       FIG.  8 A  illustrates an example autofocus (AF) actuator  800   a , e.g., for a camera having a folded optics arrangement. According to some embodiments, the AF actuator  800   a  may be a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator. For instance, the AF actuator  800   a  may include a single-pole magnet  802   a  and a coil  804   a . The single-pole magnet  802   a  may be attached to a fixed structure  806   a  of the camera. The coil  804   a  may be attached to a magnet holder  808   a  of the camera. In various embodiments, the AF actuator  800   a  may be tucked within a space under a portion of a first prism  810   a , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  8 A . In some examples, the magnet holder  808   a  may have a portion  812   a  that faces the first prism  810   a  and that is shaped (e.g., chamfered, beveled, etc.) to reduce space consumed by the magnet holder  808   a  under the first prism  810   a . The shape of the portion  812   a  may allow the magnet holder  808   a  to have an increased range of movement under the first prism  810   a  and/or may reduce the likelihood of contact between the magnet holder  808   a  and the first prism  810   a.    
     In some embodiments, the magnet  802   a  may have a longest dimension (e.g., along the Y-axis) that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the coil  804   a . The coil  804   a  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the coil  804   a  define a plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  806   a  (e.g., the surface on which the magnet  802   a  is mounted) and/or substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The coil  804   a  may be located above the magnet  802   a . Furthermore, the magnet  802   a  and the coil  804   a  may be located proximate one another, and the coil  804   a  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the magnet  802   a  to produce Lorentz forces that move the coil  804   a , the magnet holder  808   a , and/or the lens group along an axis (e.g., along the X-axis) to provide AF movement. 
       FIG.  8 B  illustrates another example AF actuator  800   b , e.g., for a camera having a folded optics arrangement. According to some embodiments, the AF actuator  800   b  may be a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator. For instance, the AF actuator  800   b  may include a dual-pole magnet  802   b  and a coil  804   b . The dual-pole magnet  802   b  may be attached to a fixed structure  806   b  of the camera. The coil  804   b  may be attached to a magnet holder  808   b  of the camera. In various embodiments, the AF actuator  800   b  may be tucked within a space under a portion of a first prism  810   b , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  8 B . In some examples, the magnet holder  808   b  may have a portion  812   b  that faces the first prism  810   b  and that is shaped (e.g., chamfered, beveled, etc.) to reduce space consumed by the magnet holder  808   b  under the first prism  810   b . The shape of the portion  812   b  may allow the magnet holder  808   b  to have an increased range of movement under the first prism  810   b  and/or may reduce the likelihood of contact between the magnet holder  808   b  and the first prism  810   b.    
     In some embodiments, the magnet  802   b  may have a longest dimension (e.g., along the Y-axis) that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension of the coil  804   b . The coil  804   b  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the coil  804   b  define a plane that is substantially parallel to a surface of the fixed structure  806   b  (e.g., the surface on which the magnet  802   b  is mounted) and/or substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. The coil  804   b  may be located above the magnet  802   b . Furthermore, the magnet  802   b  and the coil  804   b  may be located proximate one another, and the coil  804   b  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the magnet  802   b  to produce Lorentz forces that move the coil  804   b , the magnet holder  808   b , and/or the lens group along an axis (e.g., along the X-axis) to provide AF movement. 
       FIGS.  9 A- 9 D  each illustrates a respective view of an example suspension arrangement  900  for a camera having a folded optics arrangement.  FIG.  9 A  shows a perspective view of the suspension arrangement  900 .  FIG.  9 B  shows a top view of the suspension arrangement  900 .  FIG.  9 C  shows a top detail view of a portion of the suspension arrangement  900 .  FIG.  9 D  shows a bottom detail view of a portion of the suspension arrangement  900 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera may include a lens group  902 , e.g., between two prisms as discussed above with reference to  FIGS.  1  and  3 A- 7 B . The lens group  902  may include one or more lens elements disposed within a lens barrel  904 . Furthermore, in various embodiments, the camera may include a lens carrier  906  configured to hold the lens barrel  904  and/or the lens group  902 . For instance, the lens carrier  906  may at least partially surround the lens barrel  904  in some embodiments. 
     In various embodiments, the lens carrier  906  (and/or lens barrel  904 ) may be suspended from a magnet holder  908  via the suspension arrangement  900 . Additionally, or alternatively, the magnet holder  908  may be suspended from a fixed structure (not shown) via the suspension arrangement  900 . The suspension arrangement  900  may allow the lens carrier  906  to move relative to the magnet holder  908 . Furthermore, the suspension arrangement  900  may allow the lens carrier  906  to move together with the magnet holder  908  relative to the fixed structure. 
     According to some embodiments, the suspension arrangement  900  may include a set of one or more top springs  910  (not shown in  FIG.  9 D ) attached to respective top corner portions of the magnet holder  908  and the lens carrier  906 . For instance,  FIGS.  9 A- 9 B  show four top springs  910 , each of which includes a respective first end that is attached to a respective corner portion of the magnet holder  908 , and a second end that is attached to a corresponding corner portion of the lens carrier  906  (e.g., a corner portion of the lens carrier  906  that is located proximate the respective corner portion of the magnet holder  908 ). Furthermore, a respective suspension wire  912  may extend downward from each of the top springs  910 . A bottom end portion  914  of the respective suspension wire  910  may be attached to a fixed (or static) structure, e.g., a fixed base structure of the camera. In various embodiments, any number of the top springs  912  may be connected such that they form a single piece of material having individual portions that can independently flex. Reducing the number of individual pieces in this manner may be desirable from a manufacturing standpoint. 
     According to some embodiments, the suspension arrangement  900  may include a set of one or more bottom springs  916  (not shown in  FIG.  9 C ) attached to respective bottom corner portions of the magnet holder  908  and the lens carrier  906 . For instance,  FIGS.  9 A- 9 B  show four bottom springs  916 , each of which includes a respective first end that is attached to a respective corner portion of the magnet holder  908 , and a second end that is attached to a corresponding corner portion of the lens carrier  906 . In some embodiments, a respective suspension wire (not shown) may extend upward from each of the bottom springs  916 . A top end portion of the respective suspension wire may be attached to a fixed structure of the camera. 
     In some embodiments one or more suspension elements used for suspending the magnet holder  908  may be decoupled from one or more suspension elements used for suspending the lens carrier  906 . For example, as indicated in  FIG.  9 A , the top spring  910  may have a fixed portion  918  that is fixed relative to the magnet holder  908 . The top spring  910  may have a first portion  920  that can flex relative to the magnet holder  908  and that is connected to the suspension wire  912  for suspending the magnet holder  908 . Furthermore, the top spring  910  may have a second portion  922  that can independently flex relative to the magnet holder  908  and that is connected to the lens carrier  906  (e.g., at fixed portion  924  that is fixed relative to the lens carrier  906 ) for suspending the lens carrier  906 . In some embodiments, the first portion  920  and the second portion  922  may be made from separate pieces of material. 
     In some embodiments, one or more of the top springs  910  and/or one or more of the bottom springs  916  may not be positioned at corners of the magnet holder  908  and/or the lens carrier  906 . For example, one or more of the springs may be positioned along sides of the magnet holder  908  and/or the lens carrier  906 . Furthermore, the top springs  910  and/or the bottom springs  916  may have more (or fewer) than four springs. In some embodiments, the top springs  910  may have the same number of springs as the bottom springs  916 . In other embodiments, the top springs  910  may have a different number of springs than the bottom springs  916 . 
     In some embodiments, one or more lens elements of the lens group  902  may define an optical axis that is substantially parallel to a plane defined by the set of top springs  910 . Additionally, or alternatively, the optical axis may be substantially parallel to a plane defined by the set of bottom springs  916 . Furthermore, a plane defined by the set of top springs  910  may be substantially parallel to a plane defined by the set of bottom springs  916 . In some instances, the suspension wires  912  may extend in directions that are substantially orthogonal to the optical axis, a plane defined by the set of top springs  910 , and/or a plane defined by the set of bottom springs  916 . 
     In various embodiments, the suspension arrangement  900  may provide compliance and/or stiffness for controlled movement of the lens carrier  906  and/or the magnet holder  908 . According to some examples, the suspension wires  912  may flex to allow controlled AF movement (e.g., along the X-axis) and/or OIS-Y movement (e.g., along the Y-axis) of the magnet holder  908  together with the lens carrier  906 . In some instances, e.g., during such AF and/or OIS-Y movement, the set of top springs  910  and/or the set of bottom springs  916  may not flex (or may flex substantially less than the suspension wires  912 ). In various embodiments, the suspension wires  912  may provide compliance for such AF and/or OIS-Y movement in a controlled manner, and may provide sufficient stiffness to resist X-Y plane movement of the lens carrier (and the lens group  102 ) during OIS-X movement. According to some examples, the set of top springs  910  and/or the set of bottom springs  916  may flex to allow controlled OIS-X movement (e.g., the Z-axis) of the lens carrier  906  relative to the magnet holder  908 . In some instances, e.g., during such OIS-X movement, the suspension wires  912  may not flex (or may flex substantially less than the set of top springs  910  and/or the set of bottom springs  916 ). In various embodiments, the top springs  910  and/or the bottom springs  916  may provide compliance for such OIS-X movement in a controlled manner, and may provide sufficient stiffness to resist Z-axis movement of the lens carrier  906  (and the lens group  902 ) during OIS-Y and/or AF movement. 
     In some embodiments, the camera and/or the suspension arrangement  900  may include a damper that dampens movement of one or more of the suspension wires  912 . For instance, the suspension wires  912  may be at least partially disposed within a viscoelastic material  926  (e.g., a viscoelastic gel). In some examples, one or more protrusions  928  may protrude from the magnet holder  908  and form one or more pockets within which the viscoelastic material  926  may be disposed. In some instances, the viscoelastic material  926  may be injected into a pocket through a hole in a base structure (not shown) that at least partially surrounds the magnet holder  908 . For example, an insertion needle (not shown) may be inserted through the hole in the base structure to access the pocket and inject the viscoelastic material  926  into the pocket. In some embodiments, the protrusions  928  may extend from corner portions of the magnet holder  908 , e.g., as shown in  FIG.  9 A . While  FIG.  9 A  shows protrusions  928  that form pockets configured to contain, at least in part, the viscoelastic material  926 , it should be understood that the viscoelastic material  926  may be disposed within pockets formed differently, e.g., via pockets formed of protrusions from a structure other than the magnet holder  908 , pockets formed via a combination of the magnet holder  908  and one or more other structures, etc. The viscoelastic material  926  may be located along any portion(s) of the length of a suspension wire  912 . In some embodiments, the viscoelastic material  926  may be located along a central portion of the length of a suspension wire  912 . 
     In various embodiments, the suspension arrangement  900  may be used to carry signals (e.g., power and/or control signals) from the fixed structure of the camera to the magnet holder  908  and/or the lens carrier  906 . For example, suspension wires  912  may carry the signals from the fixed structure to top springs  910 . The top springs  910  may carry the signals (e.g., via first portion  920  and fixed portion  918 ) from the suspension wires  912  to the magnet holder  908 , and the signals may be routed to one or more coils attached to the magnet holder  908 . Additionally, or alternatively, the top springs  910  may carry the signals (e.g., via second portion  922  and fixed portion  924 ) from the suspension wires  912  to the lens carrier  906 , and the signals may be routed to one or more coils attached to the lens carrier  906 . Various portions of the suspension arrangement, the magnet holder  908 , and/or the lens carrier  906  may be formed of electrically conductive material and/or may include electrical traces for carrying/routing the signals, e.g., from the fixed structure to the coils. 
       FIGS.  10 A- 10 E  each illustrates a respective view of an example position sensor arrangement  1000  for a camera having a folded optics arrangement.  FIG.  10 A  shows a perspective view of the position sensor arrangement  1000 . The position sensor arrangement  1000  may include position sensors for position sensing with respect to AF movement, OIS-Y movement, and OIS-X movement.  FIG.  10 B  shows a detail view that focuses on position sensing with respect to AF movement.  FIGS.  10 C- 10 D  each shows a respective detail view that focuses on position sensing with respect to OIS-Y movement.  FIG.  10 E  shows a detail view that focuses on position sensing with respect to OIS-X movement. 
     According to various embodiments, the position sensor arrangement  1000  may include an AF movement position sensor arrangement  1002 , an OIS-Y movement position sensor arrangement  1004 , and/or an OIS-X movement position sensor arrangement  1006 . 
     In some embodiments, the AF movement position sensor arrangement  1002  may include one or more AF position sensors  1008  and one or more corresponding AF probe magnets  1010 . The AF position sensors  1008  may be magnetic field sensors (e.g., Hall sensors, tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors, etc.) in various embodiments. An AF position sensor  1008  may be disposed proximate a corresponding AF probe magnet  1010  such that the AF position sensor  1008  is capable of sensing one or more magnetic field components of the corresponding AF probe magnet  1010 , e.g., as the AF probe magnet  1010  moves relative to the AF position sensor  1008 . 
     In some examples, the AF probe magnet  1010  may be attached to a magnet holder  1012 . The magnet holder  1012  may be configured to hold one or more magnets (e.g., shared OIS magnets  1014 ). Furthermore, the magnet holder  1012  may be configured to hold one or more coils (e.g., AF coil  1016 ). In some embodiments, the AF position sensor  1008  may be attached to a fixed (or static) structure of the camera. For instance, the fixed structure may be a flex circuit  1018  that is common to (or shared by) some or all of the position sensors of the position sensor arrangement  1000 . That is, some or all of the position sensors of the position sensor arrangement  1000  may be attached to the flex circuit  1018 . Additionally, or alternatively, the flex circuit  1018  may include one or more coils (e.g., OIS-Y coils  1020 ). 
     In various embodiments, the AF movement position sensor arrangement  1002  may include two AF position sensors  1008  and two corresponding AF probe magnets  1010 . A first AF position sensor  1008  and a first corresponding AF probe magnet  1010  may form a first pair. A second AF position sensor  1008  and a second corresponding AF probe magnet  1010  may form a second pair that is opposite the first pair with respect to the system X-axis, e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  10 A . By having two such pairs, rotation about the system Z-axis due to system X-axis displacement may be cancelled out in some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y movement position sensor arrangement  1004  may include one or more OIS-Y position sensors  1022 . The OIS-Y position sensors  1022  may be magnetic field sensors (e.g., Hall sensors, TMR sensors, GMR sensors, etc.) in various embodiments. An OIS-Y position sensor  1022  may be disposed proximate a corresponding shared OIS magnet  1014  (e.g., a dual-pole magnet) such that the OIS-Y position sensor  1022  is capable of sensing one or more magnetic field components of the corresponding shared OIS magnet  1014 , e.g., as the shared OIS magnet  1014  moves relative to the OIS-Y position sensor  1022 . 
     In some cases, the OIS-Y position sensor  1022  may be attached to a fixed (or static) structure of the camera. For instance, the fixed structure may be the flex circuit  1018  that is common to (or shared by) some or all of the position sensors of the position sensor arrangement  1000 . In some embodiments, the OIS-Y position sensor  1022  may be attached to the flex circuit  1018  below the shared OIS magnet  1014  and/or below the OIS-Y coil  1020 , e.g., as indicated in  FIGS.  10 C- 10 D . 
     In various embodiments, the OIS-Y movement position sensor arrangement  1004  may include two OIS-Y position sensors  1022  and two corresponding shared OIS magnets  1014 . A first OIS-Y position sensor  1022  and a first corresponding shared OIS magnet  1014  may form a first pair. A second OIS-Y position sensor  1022  and a second corresponding shared OIS magnet  1014  may form a second pair that is opposite the first pair with respect to the system X-axis, e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  10 A . By having two such pairs, rotation about the system Z-axis due to system Y-axis displacement may be cancelled out in some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-X movement position sensor arrangement  1006  may include one or more OIS-X position sensors  1024  and one or more corresponding OIS-X probe magnets  1026 . The OIS-X position sensors  1024  may be magnetic field sensors (e.g., Hall sensors, TMR sensors, GMR sensors, etc.) in various embodiments. An OIS-X position sensor  1024  may be disposed proximate a corresponding OIS-X probe magnet  1026  such that the OIS-X position sensor  1024  is capable of sensing one or more magnetic field components of the corresponding OIS-X probe magnet  1026 , e.g., as the OIS-X probe magnet  1026  moves relative to the OIS-X position sensor  1024 . 
     In some examples, the OIS-X probe magnet  1026  may be attached to a lens carrier  1028  (or a lens barrel). The lens carrier  1028  may be configured to hold a lens barrel  1030  and/or a lens group  1032  (e.g., a lens group having one or more lens elements disposed within the lens barrel  1030 ). Furthermore, the lens carrier  1028  may be configured to hold one or more coils (e.g., OIS-X coils  1034 ). In some embodiments, the OIS-X position sensor  1024  may be attached to a fixed (or static) structure of the camera. For instance, the fixed structure may be the flex circuit  1018  that is common to (or shared by) some or all of the position sensors of the position sensor arrangement  1000 . 
     In various embodiments, the OIS-X movement position sensor arrangement  1006  may include two OIS-X position sensors  1024  and two corresponding OIS-X probe magnets  1026 . A first OIS-X position sensor  1024  and a first corresponding OIS-X probe magnet  1026  may form a first pair. A second OIS-X position sensor  1024  and a second corresponding OIS-X probe magnet  1026  may form a second pair that is opposite the first pair with respect to the system X-axis, e.g., as indicated in  FIGS.  10 A and  10 E . By having two such pairs, rotation about the system Z-axis (due to system Z-axis displacement) and/or external field effects may be cancelled out in some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, the flex circuit  1018  may be coupled to (e.g., in electrical contact with) an image sensor package  1036 . Additionally, or alternatively, the image sensor package  1036  may be coupled to (e.g., in electrical contact with) another flex circuit  1038 . 
       FIG.  11    illustrates a perspective view of an example camera  1100  having a folded optics arrangement, with a shield can  1102  covering at least a portion of the internal components of the camera  1100 . 
     In some embodiments, the shield can  1102  may include a first portion  1102   a  and a second portion  1102   b . The first portion  1102   a  may cover at least a first prism and a lens group of the camera  1100  in some examples. The second portion  1102   b  may cover at least a second prism in some examples. While  FIG.  11    indicates the shield can  1102  may include two portions (e.g., the first portion  1102   a  and the second portion  1102   b ), it should be understood that the shield can  1102  may be a single component in some embodiments. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the shield can  1102  may include more than two portions. 
     According to some examples, the shield can  1102  may define an aperture  1104  above the first prism such that light may enter the camera  1100  and reach the first prism. In some cases, the aperture  1104  may be enclosed and/or sealed, e.g., via a transparent window. As such, dust particles may be prevented from entering the camera  1100  through the aperture  1104  and negatively impacting optical performance of the first prism and/or other components of the camera  1100  in some instances. Although not illustrated in  FIG.  11   , the camera  1100  may include one or more openings configured to allow ventilation. 
     In some cases, the camera  1100  may include a flex circuit  1106  disposed below the first prism, the lens group, the second prism, the lens carrier (and/or lens barrel), the magnet holder, and/or the fixed structure. The flex circuit  1106  may include an interface configured to allow the camera  1100  to interface with one or more other components external to the camera  1100 . The flex circuit  1106  may be used to convey data signals and electrical power to and from the camera  1100 . For instance, the flex circuit  1106  may be used to convey image signals from the image sensor to one or more processors external to the camera  1100 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  1100  may include a stiffener  1108  at least partially below the flex circuit  1106 . For instance, the stiffener  1108  may be a folded stiffener, e.g., as shown in  FIG.  11   . According to some examples, the folded stiffener  1108  may include a base portion below the flex circuit  1106  and tab portions that are each folded from the base portion to cover a respective side of the camera  1100  and/or the shield can  1102 . In some cases, the folded stiffener  1108  may include three tab portions, with each tab portion covering a portion of a respective one of three sides of the camera  1100  and/or the shield can  1102 . A fourth side of the camera  1100  and/or the shield can  1102  may not have a corresponding tab portion that covers a portion of it. For instance, the fourth side may be a side at which the flex circuit  1106  extends outwardly to one or more components that are external to the camera  1100 . 
       FIGS.  12 A- 12 B  illustrate a flow diagram of an example method  1200  for assembling a camera having a folded optics arrangement. At  1202 , the method  1200  may include coupling a lens carrier of the camera with one or more coils (e.g., OIS-X coils). At  1204 , the method  1200  may include coupling a magnet holder of the camera with one or more magnets (e.g., shared OIS magnets), one or more coils (e.g., an AF coil), and/or suspension springs. At  1206 , the method  1200  may include coupling the lens carrier with the magnet holder via the suspension springs. At  1208 , the method  1200  may include coupling the magnet holder with a fixed structure of the camera via suspension wires. At  1210 , the method  1200  may include coupling a first prism of the camera with the fixed structure. At  1212 , the method  1200  may include coupling the fixed structure with a shield can of the camera. At  1214 , the method  1200  may include coupling a lens group with the lens carrier. At  1216 , the method  1200  may include performing active alignment with a second prism of the camera. Furthermore, at  1216 , the method  1200  may include coupling the second prism, a substrate, a flex circuit, and/or a stiffener with one or more components of the camera. 
       FIGS.  13 A- 13 C  each illustrate a respective view of another example camera  1300  having a folded optics arrangement and an example actuator arrangement for shifting a lens group of the camera along multiple axes.  FIG.  13 A  shows a perspective view of some structural components of the camera.  FIG.  13 B  shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of the camera  1300 , where the cross-section is taken along section lines  13 B- 13 B shown in  FIG.  13 A .  FIG.  13 C  shows a schematic front cross-sectional view of the camera, where the cross-section is taken along section lines  13 C- 13 C shown in  FIG.  13 A . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  1300  may include a lens group  1302 , a first prism  1304 , a second prism  1306 , and an image sensor  1308  (shown in  FIG.  13 B ). The lens group  1302  may include one or more lens elements  1310  disposed within a lens barrel  1312 . 
     In various embodiments, the camera  1300  may include an actuator module that provides for shifting the lens group  1302  along multiple axes, e.g., to provide AF and/or OIS movement. In some embodiments, the actuator module may comprise a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator module that includes one or more VCM actuators. For instance, the actuator module may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. The magnets and coils may magnetically interact (e.g., when electrical current is provided to the coils) to produce Lorentz forces that move the lens group  1302 . 
     According to various embodiments, the camera  1300  may include a carrier arrangement that includes an inner carrier structure and an outer carrier structure. For example, the inner carrier structure may include a lens carrier  1314  (which may hold the lens barrel  1312 ). The outer carrier structure may include a magnet holder  1316 . One or more coils may be coupled to the lens carrier  1314  and/or to the magnet holder  1316 . Furthermore, one or more magnets may be coupled to the magnet holder  1316 . In some embodiments, the magnet holder  1316  may extend at least partially around the folded optics arrangement. The magnet holder  1316  may have multiple sides and/or portions, such as the sides/portions of any of the magnet holders described above with reference to  FIGS.  3 A- 8 B . 
     In a non-limiting example, the magnet holder  1316  may have a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side. The first side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the side surfaces of the optical elements. The second side may be a lateral side extending along the X-axis and along the opposite side surfaces of the optical elements. The third side may be a distal/object side extending along the Y-axis, and may be positioned behind at least a portion of the reflecting surface side of the first prism  1304  (e.g., such that the first prism  1304  is disposed between the lens group  1302  and the magnet holder  1316 ). The fourth side may be a proximal/image side extending along the Y-axis, and may be positioned in front of at least a portion of the reflecting surface side of the second prism  1306  (e.g., such that the second prism  1306  is disposed between the lens group  1302  and the magnet holder  1316 ). In some non-limiting examples, the magnet holder  1316  may encircle the optical elements of the folded optics arrangement (e.g., the first prism  1304 , the lens group  1302 , and the second prism  1306 ). 
     According to some examples, a first portion of the magnet holder  1316  (e.g. the first side of the magnet holder  1316 ) may extend proximate a first side of the lens carrier  1314 , a second portion of the magnet holder  1316  (e.g., the second side of the magnet holder  1316 ) may extend proximate a second side of the lens carrier  1314  that is opposite the first side of the lens carrier  1314 , a third portion of the magnet holder  1316  (e.g., the third side of the magnet holder  1316 ) may be tucked under a portion of the first prism  1304 , and a fourth portion of the magnet holder  1316  (e.g., the fourth side of the magnet holder  1316 ) may extend in front of the second prism  1306 . As discussed above with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 D , the lens carrier  1314  may be suspended from the magnet holder  1316  via a suspension arrangement. Additionally, or alternatively, the magnet holder  1316  may be suspended from a fixed structure (e.g., fixed structure  1318 ) of the camera  1300  via the suspension arrangement. The suspension arrangement may allow the lens carrier  1314  to move relative to the magnet holder  1316 . Furthermore, the suspension arrangement may allow the lens carrier  1314  to move together with the magnet holder  1316  relative to the fixed structure  1318 . 
     In various embodiments, the actuator module may include one or more AF VCM actuators and/or one or more OIS VCM actuators. In some embodiments, the actuator module may include an AF VCM actuator  1320  (e.g., to provide AF movement, as indicated in  FIG.  13 B ), an OIS-Y VCM actuator  1322  (e.g., to provide OIS-Y movement, as indicated in  FIG.  13 C ), and an OIS-X VCM actuator  1324  (e.g., to provide OIS-X movement, as indicated in  FIG.  13 C ). 
     The AF VCM actuator  1320  may include one or more magnets and one or more coils. In some examples, the AF VCM actuator  1320  may include an AF magnet  1326  (e.g., a dual-pole magnet) and an AF coil  1328 . The AF magnet  1326  may be attached to the fixed structure  1318 . In some examples, a first portion of the AF magnet  1326  may have a N-S polarity in a first direction, and a second portion of the AF magnet  1326  may have a N-S polarity in a second direction that is opposite the first direction, e.g., as indicated by the N-S polarity directions shown in  FIG.  13 B . The first portion may be parallel to the second portion in some embodiments. The AF coil  1328  may be attached to the magnet holder  1316 . In some embodiments, the AF magnet  1326  may have a longest dimension (e.g., along the Y-axis) that is substantially parallel to a longest dimension (e.g., along the Y-axis) of the AF coil  1328 . In some embodiments, the AF coil  1328  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the AF coil  1328  define a plane that is parallel to the X-Y plane. The AF magnet  1326  and the AF coil  1328  may be located proximate one another, and the AF coil  1328  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the AF magnet  1326  to produce Lorentz forces that move the AF coil  1328 , the magnet holder  1316 , and/or the lens group  1302  along an axis (e.g., along the X-axis) to provide AF movement (e.g., movement that shifts an image projected on the image sensor in one or more directions parallel to the Z-axis). The AF magnet  1326 , being attached to the fixed structure  1318 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the AF coil  1328 . In various embodiments, the AF VCM actuator  1320  may be tucked within a space under a portion of the first prism  1304 , e.g., as indicated in  FIG.  13 B . In this manner, the impact of the AF VCM actuator  1320  on the dimension of the system along its long axis (e.g., the X-axis) and along its vertical axis (e.g., the Z-axis) may be reduced or eliminated. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  1322  and the OIS-X VCM actuator  1324  may share one or more OIS magnets  1330 . In some embodiments, the shared OIS magnets  1330  may be dual-pole magnets. In some examples, a first portion of a shared OIS magnet  1330  may have a N-S polarity in a first direction, and a second portion of the shared OIS magnet  1330  may have a N-S polarity in a second direction that is opposite the first direction, e.g., as indicated by the N-S polarity directions shown in  FIG.  13 C . The first portion may be parallel to the second portion in some embodiments. The shared OIS magnets  1330  may be attached to the magnet holder  1316 , e.g., at opposing sides of the lens group  1302 , as shown in  FIG.  13 C . 
     According to some examples, the OIS-Y VCM actuator  1322  may include one or more OIS-Y coils  1332 . The OIS-Y coils  1332  may be attached to the fixed structure  1318 . In some embodiments, each OIS-Y coil  1332  may be located below a respective shared OIS magnet  1330 . The OIS-Y coils  1332  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  1330  to produce Lorentz forces that move the shared OIS magnets  1330 , the magnet holder  1316 , and/or the lens group  1302  along an axis (e.g., along the Y-axis) to provide OIS-Y movement (e.g., movement that shifts an image projected on the image sensor in one or more directions parallel to the Y-axis). The OIS-Y coils  1332 , being attached to the fixed structure  1318 , may remain stationary relative to the movement of the shared OIS magnets  1330 . In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  1330  may have respective longest dimensions (e.g., along the X-axis) that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions (e.g., along the X-axis) of the OIS-Y coils  1332 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  1330  and the OIS-Y coils  1332  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension (e.g., along the X-axis) of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  1330  and the OIS-Y coils  1332  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  1326  and the AF coil  1328  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-Y coils  1332  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-Y coils  1332  define a respective plane that is parallel to the X-Y plane. 
     According to some examples, the OIS-X VCM actuator  1324  may include one or more OIS-X coils  1334 . The OIS-X coils  1334  may be attached to the lens carrier  1314 . In some embodiments, each OIS-X coil  1334  may be located between a respective shared OIS magnet  1330  and the lens group  1302 . The OIS-X coils  1334  may be electrically driven to magnetically interact with the shared OIS magnets  1330  to produce Lorentz forces that move the OIS-X coils  1334 , the lens carrier  1314 , and the lens group  1302  along an axis (e.g., along the Z-axis), relative to the magnet holder  1316  and/or the fixed structure  1318 , to provide OIS-X movement (e.g., movement that shifts an image projected on the image sensor in one or more directions parallel to the X-axis). In some embodiments, each of the shared OIS magnets  1330  may have respective longest dimensions (e.g., along the X-axis) that are substantially parallel to respective longest dimensions (e.g., along the X-axis) of the OIS-X coils  1334 . In some embodiments, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  1330  and the OIS-X coils  1334  may be substantially parallel to a longest dimension (e.g., along the X-axis) of the system. Furthermore, the respective longest dimensions of the shared OIS magnets  1330  and the OIS-X coils  1334  may be substantially orthogonal to the respective longest dimensions of the AF magnet  1326  and the AF coil  1328  in some embodiments. According to various embodiments, the OIS-X coils  1334  may be oriented such that directions of current flow through the OIS-X coils  1334  define a respective plane that is orthogonal to the X-Y plane (e.g., parallel to the X-Z plane). 
     As indicated in  FIGS.  13 B and  13 C , the lens carrier  1314  may at least partially encompass the lens barrel  1312  and/or the lens group  1302 . For example, a first portion of the lens carrier  1314  may at least partially encompass a first side of the lens barrel  1312 . A second portion of the lens carrier  1314  may at least partially encompass a second side of the lens barrel  1312  that is opposite the first side. A third portion of the lens carrier  1314  may at least partially encompass a third side of the lens barrel  1312 . In some embodiments, the third portion may extend below the lens barrel  1312  and from the first portion to the second portion. 
     In various embodiments, the camera  1300  may include a substrate  1336  below the second prism  1306 . The image sensor  1308  may be coupled to the substrate  1336 . In some embodiments, a filter (e.g., an infrared filter)  1338  may also be coupled to the substrate. For instance, the filter  1338  may be located above the image sensor  1308  such that light passes through the filter  1338  before reaching the image sensor  1308 . In some examples, the substrate  1336  may define a plane that is parallel to the fixed structure  1318  and/or the X-Y plane. Additionally, or alternatively, the fixed structure  1318  may include the substrate  1336  and/or one or more other components of the camera  1300 . 
     In some embodiments, the camera  1300  may include a first prism holder  1340  (shown in  FIG.  13 A ) that holds the first prism  1304 . In some embodiments, the first prism  1304  may be attached to one or more fixed structures of the camera  1300  via the first prism holder  1340 . Additionally, or alternatively, the camera  1300  may include a second prism holder  1342  that holds the second prism  1306 . In some embodiments, the second prism holder  1342  may be attached to one or more fixed structures of the camera  1300  via the second prism holder  1342 . 
       FIG.  14    shows an example camera  1400  that has a folded optics arrangement and that has a lower portion with a reduced dimension along the X-axis (e.g., as compared to that of a lower portion of the camera  1300  of  FIGS.  13 A- 13 C ). In some embodiments, the camera  1400  may have some components that are the same as, or similar to, components of the camera  1300  described above with reference to  FIGS.  13 A- 13 C . For example, as indicated in  FIG.  14   , the folded optics arrangement of the camera  1400  may include a lens group  1402 , a first prism  1404 , a second prism  1406 , and an image sensor  1408 . The camera  1400  may include an AF VCM actuator, an OIS-Y VCM actuator, and an OIS-X VCM actuator, each of which may include one or more magnets and one or more coils, as discussed above. 
     In various embodiments, the camera  1400  may include an AF VCM actuator  1410  that is located under the first prism  1404 . As indicated in  FIG.  14   , the AF VCM actuator  1410  (and other components near it) may be located within a first space beneath a first portion of the first prism  1404 , leaving a second space (e.g., as generally indicated by dashed rectangle  1412 ) as available free space (space that is not consumed by the camera  1400 ) beneath a second portion of the first prism  1404 . The first space (and the first portion) may be located (along the X-axis) between the lens group  1402  and the second space  1412  (and the second portion). 
     In some embodiments, a system may include multiple cameras. As a non-limiting example, the system may include the camera  1400  and a second camera (not shown) that is adjacent to the camera  1400 . At least a portion of the second camera may be disposed within the second space  1412  described above. In this manner, the camera  1400  may partially overlap with the second camera, and the dimension of the multi-camera system along the X-axis may be reduced. The multi-camera system may have more than two cameras in some embodiments. According to some examples, the cameras may be the same. In other embodiments, one or more cameras of the system may be different than one or more other cameras of the system. 
       FIGS.  15 A- 15 C  each illustrate a respective view of another example position sensor arrangement  1500 , e.g., for a camera having a folded optics arrangement.  FIG.  15 A  shows a perspective view of the position sensor arrangement  1500 . The position sensor arrangement  1500  may include position sensors for position sensing with respect to AF movement, OIS-X movement, and OIS-Y movement.  FIG.  15 B  shows a cross-sectional view that focuses on position sensing with respect to AF movement.  FIG.  15 C  shows a cross-sectional view that focuses on position sensing with respect to OIS-X and OIS-Y movement. 
     According to various embodiments, the position sensor arrangement  1500  may include an AF movement position sensor arrangement  1502 , an OIS-Y movement position sensor arrangement  1504 , and/or an OIS-X movement position sensor arrangement  1506 . 
     In some embodiments, the AF movement position sensor arrangement  1502  may include one or more AF position sensors  1508  and one or more corresponding AF probe magnets  1510 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  15 A and  15 B . The AF position sensors  1508  may be magnetic field sensors (e.g., Hall sensors, tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors, etc.) in various embodiments. An AF position sensor  1508  may be disposed proximate a corresponding AF probe magnet  1510  such that the AF position sensor  1508  is capable of sensing one or more magnetic field components of the corresponding AF probe magnet  1510 , e.g., as the AF probe magnet  1510  moves (e.g., along the Z-axis) relative to the AF position sensor  1508 . 
     In some examples, the AF probe magnet  1510  may be attached to a magnet holder  1512 . The magnet holder  1512  may be configured to hold one or more magnets (e.g., shared OIS magnets  1514  shown in  FIGS.  15 A and  15 C ). Furthermore, the magnet holder  1512  may be configured to hold one or more coils, such as an AF coil (not shown). In some embodiments, the AF position sensor  1508  may be attached to a fixed (or static) structure of the camera. For instance, the fixed structure may be a flex circuit  1516  that is common to (or shared by) some or all of the position sensors of the position sensor arrangement  1500 . That is, some or all of the position sensors of the position sensor arrangement  1500  may be attached to the flex circuit  1516 . Additionally, or alternatively, the flex circuit  1516  may include one or more coils (e.g., OIS-Y coils  1518 ). 
     In various embodiments, the AF movement position sensor arrangement  1502  may include two AF position sensors  1508  and two corresponding AF probe magnets  1510 . A first AF position sensor  1508  and a first corresponding AF probe magnet  1510  may form a first pair. A second AF position sensor  1508  and a second corresponding AF probe magnet  1510  may form a second pair that is opposite the first pair with respect to an X-Z plane that intersects one or more optical elements of the folded optics arrangement (e.g., first prism  1520 ). As indicated by the arrows on the AF probe magnets  1510  in  FIG.  15 A  (and by the hatching in  FIG.  15 B ), the AF probe magnet  1510  of the first pair may have a N-S polarity direction that is opposite that of the AF probe magnet  1510  of the second pair. By having two such pairs, rotation about the system Z-axis due to system X-axis displacement may be cancelled out in some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-Y movement position sensor arrangement  1504  may include one or more OIS-Y position sensors  1522 , e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  15 A and  15 C . In a non-limiting example, the OIS-Y movement position sensor arrangement  1504  may include a single OIS-Y position sensor  1522 . The OIS-Y position sensor  1522  may be a magnetic field sensor (e.g., Hall sensors, TMR sensors, GMR sensors, etc.) in various embodiments. The OIS-Y position sensor  1522  may be disposed proximate a shared OIS magnet  1514  (e.g., a dual-pole magnet) such that the OIS-Y position sensor  1522  is capable of sensing one or more magnetic field components of the corresponding shared OIS magnet  1514 , e.g., as the shared OIS magnet  1514  moves (e.g., along the Y-axis) relative to the OIS-Y position sensor  1522 . In some embodiments, due to the magnitude of the magnetic field produced by the shared OIS magnet  1514 , the OIS-Y movement position sensor arrangement  1504  may not require a separate probe magnet and/or more than one OIS-Y movement position sensors. 
     In some cases, the OIS-Y position sensor  1522  may be attached to a fixed (or static) structure of the camera. For instance, the fixed structure may be the flex circuit  1516  that is common to (or shared by) some or all of the position sensors of the position sensor arrangement  1500 . In some embodiments, the OIS-Y position sensor  1522  may be attached to the flex circuit  1516  below the shared OIS magnet  1514  and/or below the OIS-Y coil  1518 , e.g., as indicated in  FIGS.  15 A and  15 C . 
     In some embodiments, the OIS-X movement position sensor arrangement  1506  may include one or more OIS-X position sensors  1524  and one or more corresponding OIS-X probe magnets  1526 . The OIS-X position sensors  1524  may be magnetic field sensors (e.g., Hall sensors, TMR sensors, GMR sensors, etc.) in various embodiments. An OIS-X position sensor  1524  may be disposed proximate a corresponding OIS-X probe magnet  1526  such that the OIS-X position sensor  1524  is capable of sensing one or more magnetic field components of the corresponding OIS-X probe magnet  1526 , e.g., as the OIS-X probe magnet  1526  moves (e.g., along the Z-axis) relative to the OIS-X position sensor  1524 . 
     In some examples, the OIS-X probe magnet  1526  may be attached to a lens carrier  1528  (or a lens barrel). The lens carrier  1528  may be configured to hold a lens barrel  1530  and/or a lens group  1532  (e.g., a lens group having one or more lens elements disposed within the lens barrel  1530 ). Furthermore, the lens carrier  1528  may be configured to hold one or more coils (e.g., OIS-X coils  1534  shown in  FIG.  15 C ). In some embodiments, the OIS-X position sensor  1524  may be attached to a fixed (or static) structure of the camera. For instance, the fixed structure may be the flex circuit  1516  that is common to (or shared by) some or all of the position sensors of the position sensor arrangement  1500 . 
     In various embodiments, the OIS-X movement position sensor arrangement  1506  may include two OIS-X position sensors  1524  and two corresponding OIS-X probe magnets  1526 . A first OIS-X position sensor  1524  and a first corresponding OIS-X probe magnet  1526  may form a first pair. A second OIS-X position sensor  1524  and a second corresponding OIS-X probe magnet  1526  may form a second pair that is opposite the first pair with respect to an X-Z plane that intersects the lens group  1532 . As indicated by the arrows on the OIS-X probe magnets  1526  in  FIG.  15 A  (and by the hatching in  FIG.  15 C ), the OIS-X probe magnet  1526  of the first pair may have a N-S polarity direction that is opposite that of the OIS-X probe magnet  1526  of the second pair. By having two such pairs, rotation about the system Z-axis (due to system Z-axis displacement) and/or external field effects may be cancelled out in some embodiments. 
     In a non-limiting embodiment, the AF position sensor arrangement  1502  may include two AF position sensors  1508  (e.g., two TMR sensors), the OIS-Y position sensor arrangement  1504  may include an OIS-Y position sensor  1522  (e.g., a Hall sensor), and the OIS-X position sensor arrangement  1506  may include two OIS-X position sensors  1524  (e.g., two TMR sensors). 
       FIGS.  16 A- 16 B  illustrate an example camera  1600  that has a folded optics arrangement and that includes a module can  1602  with retention elements (e.g., protrusions, tabs, etc.). In some embodiments, the camera  1600  may include some components that are the same as, or similar to, components of the cameras described above (e.g., camera  1300  in  FIGS.  13 A- 13 C ). For example, the folded optics arrangement of the camera  1600  may include a lens group  1604 , a first prism  1606 , and a second prism  1608 . In some embodiments, the camera  1600  may include an AF VCM actuator, an OIS-Y VCM actuator, and an OIS-X VCM actuator, each of which may include one or more magnets and one or more coils, as discussed above. 
     In some embodiments, the module can  1602  may include one or more retention elements used to retain one or more components substantially in place, e.g., to prevent the components from moving in directions parallel to the Z-axis during drop events. Retention elements may be used for prism retention and/or for lens barrel retention. For example, the module can  1602  may include a first set of one or more retention elements  1610  for retaining the first prism  1606 , a second set of one or more retention elements  1612  for retaining the lens barrel  1614  (and/or a lens carrier) that holds the lens group  1604 , and/or a third set of one or more retention elements  1616  for retaining the second prism  1608 . 
     According to some embodiments, each retention element may be configured to engage a corresponding portion of the component for which it is used to retain. For example, the first set of retention elements  1610  (for retaining the first prism  1606 ) may include a first retention element  1618   a , a second retention element  1618   b , and a third retention element  1618   c  that each protrude inward from a base portion  1620  of the module can  1602 . The retention elements  1618  may be configured to be in contact with one or more corresponding portions  1622  of the first prism  1606  and/or a component attached to the first prism  1606  (e.g., a prism holder). In some embodiments, the retention elements  1618  may be formed to contiguously extend along multiple sides (e.g., three sides) of the first prism  1606 , e.g., as shown in  FIG.  16 A . In other embodiments, the retention elements  1618  may discontinuously extend along one or more sides of the first prism  1606 . An adhesive may be used to attach the retention elements  1618  to the corresponding portions  1622 . 
     The second set of retention elements  1612  (for retaining the lens barrel  1614 ) may include a first retention element  1624   a  and a second retention element  1624   b  that each protrude inward from the base portion  1620  of the module can  1602 . The retention elements  1624  may be configured to be in contact with one or more corresponding portions  1626  of the lens barrel  1614  and/or a component attached to the lens barrel  1614  (e.g., a lens carrier). The first retention element  1624   a  may be disposed proximate a first side of the lens barrel  1614 , and the second retention element  1624   b  may be disposed proximate a second side of the lens barrel  1614  that is opposite the first side. An adhesive may be used to attach the retention elements  1624  to the corresponding portions  1626 . 
     The third set of retention elements  1616  (for retaining the second prism  1608 ) may include a first retention element  1628   a , a second retention element  1628   b , and a third retention element  1628   c  that each protrude inward from the base portion  1620  of the module can  1602 . The retention elements  1628  may be configured to be in contact with one or more corresponding portions  1630  of the second prism  1608  and/or a component attached to the second prism  1608  (e.g., a prism holder). In some embodiments, the retention elements  1628  may be formed to contiguously extend along multiple sides (e.g., three sides) of the second prism  1608 , e.g., as shown in  FIG.  16 A . In other embodiments, the retention elements  1628  may discontinuously extend along one or more sides of the second prism  1608 . An adhesive may be used to attach the retention elements  1628  to the corresponding portions  1630 . 
     In some examples, the module can  1602  may be a secondary shield can. As indicated in  FIG.  16 B , the camera  1600  may include a primary shield can  1632  that at least partially encompasses some internal components of the camera  1600 . 
       FIG.  17    illustrates a bottom perspective view of an example base structure  1700  (e.g., for a camera having a folded optics arrangement, such as those described above) having an example base bridge  1702  that provides structural support to the base structure  1700 . In some embodiments, a substrate  1704  may be attached to the base structure  1700 . An image sensor  1706  may be attached to the substrate  1704 . Furthermore, a flex circuit board  1708  may be attached to the base structure  1700 . 
     In some other base structures, due to having an elongated shape (e.g., along the X-axis), an undesirable bending deformation may occur at one substrate side near the center, near a window/open area, and/or near an image sensor, e.g., during a drop event. The base bridge  1702  described here may be used to reinforce the window area and provide structural support to the substrate  1704  so as to reduce or prevent undesirable bending deformation. In some embodiments, the base bridge  1702  may extend (e.g., along the Y-axis) proximate a side of the substrate  1704  and/or proximate the image sensor  1706 . 
     Multifunction Device Examples 
     Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as a mobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Example embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops, cameras, cell phones, or tablet computers, may also be used. It should also be understood that, in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a desktop computer with a camera. In some embodiments, the device is a gaming computer with orientation sensors (e.g., orientation sensors in a gaming controller). In other embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a camera. 
     In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should be understood, however, that the electronic device may include one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick. 
     The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a workout support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that may be executed on the device may use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface as well as corresponding information displayed on the device may be adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the device may support the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user. 
     Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices with cameras.  FIG.  18    illustrates a block diagram of an example portable multifunction device  1800  that may include one or more cameras (e.g., the cameras described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 16   ), in accordance with some embodiments. Cameras  1864  are sometimes called “optical sensors” for convenience, and may also be known as or called an optical sensor system. Device  1800  may include memory  1802  (which may include one or more computer readable storage mediums), memory controller  1822 , one or more processing units (CPUs)  1820 , peripherals interface  1818 , RF circuitry  1808 , audio circuitry  1810 , speaker  1811 , touch-sensitive display system  1812 , microphone  1813 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  1806 , other input or control devices  1816 , and external port  1824 . Device  1800  may include multiple optical sensors  1864 . These components may communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  1803 . 
     It should be appreciated that device  1800  is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device  1800  may have more or fewer components than shown, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG.  18    may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  1802  may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  1802  by other components of device  1800 , such as CPU  1820  and the peripherals interface  1818 , may be controlled by memory controller  1822 . 
     Peripherals interface  1818  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU  1820  and memory  1802 . The one or more processors  1820  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  1802  to perform various functions for device  1800  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, peripherals interface  1818 , CPU  1820 , and memory controller  1822  may be implemented on a single chip, such as chip  1804 . In some other embodiments, they may be implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  1808  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  1808  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  1808  may include well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  1808  may communicate with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication may use any of a variety of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSDPA), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  1810 , speaker  1811 , and microphone  1813  provide an audio interface between a user and device  1800 . Audio circuitry  1810  receives audio data from peripherals interface  1818 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  1811 . Speaker  1811  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  1810  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  1813  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  1810  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  1818  for processing. Audio data may be retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  1802  and/or RF circuitry  1808  by peripherals interface  1818 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  1810  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  1912 ,  FIG.  19   ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  1810  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  1806  couples input/output peripherals on device  1800 , such as touch screen  1812  and other input control devices  1816 , to peripherals interface  1818 . I/O subsystem  1806  may include display controller  1856  and one or more input controllers  1860  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  1860  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  1816 . The other input control devices  1816  may include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  1860  may be coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  1908 ,  FIG.  19   ) may include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  1811  and/or microphone  1813 . The one or more buttons may include a push button (e.g.,  1906 ,  FIG.  19   ). 
     Touch-sensitive display  1812  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller  1856  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen  1812 . Touch screen  1812  displays visual output to the user. The visual output may include graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output may correspond to user-interface objects. 
     Touch screen  1812  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen  1812  and display controller  1856  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  1802 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen  1812  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on touch screen  1812 . In an example embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen  1812  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user. 
     Touch screen  1812  may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies may be used in other embodiments. Touch screen  1812  and display controller  1856  may detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a variety of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen  1812 . In an example embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     Touch screen  1812  may have a video resolution in excess of 800 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 860 dpi. The user may make contact with touch screen  1812  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  1800  may include a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen  1812  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  1800  also includes power system  1862  for powering the various components. Power system  1862  may include a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     Device  1800  may also include one or more optical sensors or cameras  1864 .  FIG.  18    shows an optical sensor  1864  coupled to optical sensor controller  1858  in I/O subsystem  1806 . Optical sensor  1864  may include charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor  1864  receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  1843  (also called a camera module), optical sensor  1864  may capture still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor  1864  is located on the back of device  1800 , opposite touch screen display  1812  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen display  1812  may be used as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image may be obtained for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. 
     Device  1800  may also include one or more proximity sensors  1866 .  FIG.  18    shows proximity sensor  1866  coupled to peripherals interface  1818 . Alternately, proximity sensor  1866  may be coupled to input controller  1860  in I/O subsystem  1806 . In some embodiments, the proximity sensor  1866  turns off and disables touch screen  1812  when the multifunction device  1800  is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  1800  includes one or more orientation sensors  1868 . In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  1868  include one or more accelerometers (e.g., one or more linear accelerometers and/or one or more rotational accelerometers). In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  1868  include one or more gyroscopes. In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  1868  include one or more magnetometers. In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  1868  include one or more of global positioning system (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), and/or other global navigation system receivers. The GPS, GLONASS, and/or other global navigation system receivers may be used for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  1800 . In some embodiments, the one or more orientation sensors  1868  include any combination of orientation/rotation sensors.  FIG.  18    shows the one or more orientation sensors  1868  coupled to peripherals interface  1818 . Alternately, the one or more orientation sensors  1868  may be coupled to an input controller  1860  in I/O subsystem  1806 . In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display  1812  in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more orientation sensors  1868 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  1802  include operating system  1826 , communication module (or set of instructions)  1828 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  1830 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  1832 , text input module (or set of instructions)  1834 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  1835 , arbiter module  1858  and applications (or sets of instructions)  1836 . Furthermore, in some embodiments memory  1802  stores device/global internal state  1857 . Device/global internal state  1857  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display  1812 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and input control devices  1816 ; and location information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  1826  (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  1828  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  1824  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  1808  and/or external port  1824 . External port  1824  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector. 
     Contact/motion module  1830  may detect contact with touch screen  1812  (in conjunction with display controller  1856 ) and other touch sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module  1830  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module  1830  receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, may include determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations may be applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  1830  and display controller  1856  detect contact on a touchpad. 
     Contact/motion module  1830  may detect a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns. Thus, a gesture may be detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event. 
     Graphics module  1832  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen  1812  or other display, including components for changing the intensity of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. 
     In some embodiments, graphics module  1832  stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic may be assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module  1832  receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller  1856 . 
     Text input module  1834 , which may be a component of graphics module  1832 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  1837 , e-mail  1840 , IM  1841 , browser  1847 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     GPS module  1835  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone  1838  for use in location-based dialing, to camera  1843  as picture/video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets). 
     Applications  1836  may include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
         contacts module  1837  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   telephone module  1838 ;   video conferencing module  1839 ;   e-mail client module  1840 ;   instant messaging (IM) module  1841 ;   workout support module  1842 ;   camera module  1843  for still and/or video images;   image management module  1844 ;   browser module  1847 ;   calendar module  1848 ;   widget modules  1849 , which may include one or more of: weather widget  1849 - 1 , stocks widget  1849 - 2 , calculator widget  1849 - 3 , alarm clock widget  1849 - 4 , dictionary widget  1849 - 5 , and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets  1849 - 6 ;   widget creator module  1850  for making user-created widgets  1849 - 6 ;   search module  1851 ;   video and music player module  1852 , which may be made up of a video player module and a music player module;   notes module  1853 ;   map module  1854 ; and/or   online video module  1855 .       

     Examples of other applications  1836  that may be stored in memory  1802  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , and text input module  1834 , contacts module  1837  may be used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state  1857 ), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  1838 , video conference  1839 , e-mail  1840 , or IM  1841 ; and so forth. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , audio circuitry  1810 , speaker  1811 , microphone  1813 , touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , and text input module  1834 , telephone module  1838  may be used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in address book  1837 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication may use any of a variety of communications standards, protocols and technologies. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , audio circuitry  1810 , speaker  1811 , microphone  1813 , touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , optical sensor  1864 , optical sensor controller  1858 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , text input module  1834 , contact list  1837 , and telephone module  1838 , videoconferencing module  1839  includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , and text input module  1834 , e-mail client module  1840  includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module  1844 , e-mail client module  1840  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  1843 . 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , and text input module  1834 , the instant messaging module  1841  includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages may include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , text input module  1834 , GPS module  1835 , map module  1854 , and music player module  1846 , workout support module  1842  includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store and transmit workout data. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , optical sensor(s)  1864 , optical sensor controller  1858 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , and image management module  1844 , camera module  1843  includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  1802 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory  1802 . 
     In conjunction with touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , text input module  1834 , and camera module  1843 , image management module  1844  includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , touch screen  1812 , display system controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , and text input module  1834 , browser module  1847  includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , touch screen  1812 , display system controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , text input module  1834 , e-mail client module  1840 , and browser module  1847 , calendar module  1848  includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , touch screen  1812 , display system controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , text input module  1834 , and browser module  1847 , widget modules  1849  are mini-applications that may be downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget  549 - 1 , stocks widget  549 - 2 , calculator widget  1849 - 3 , alarm clock widget  1849 - 4 , and dictionary widget  1849 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget  1849 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , touch screen  1812 , display system controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , text input module  1834 , and browser module  1847 , the widget creator module  1850  may be used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget). 
     In conjunction with touch screen  1812 , display system controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , and text input module  1834 , search module  1851  includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  1802  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  1812 , display system controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , audio circuitry  1810 , speaker  1811 , RF circuitry  1808 , and browser module  1847 , video and music player module  1852  includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch screen  1812  or on an external, connected display via external port  1824 ). In some embodiments, device  1800  may include the functionality of an MP3 player. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  1812 , display controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , and text input module  1834 , notes module  1853  includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  1808 , touch screen  1812 , display system controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , text input module  1834 , GPS module  1835 , and browser module  1847 , map module  1854  may be used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location; and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch screen  1812 , display system controller  1856 , contact module  1830 , graphics module  1832 , audio circuitry  1810 , speaker  1811 , RF circuitry  1808 , text input module  1834 , e-mail client module  1840 , and browser module  1847 , online video module  1855  includes instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port  1824 ), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module  1841 , rather than e-mail client module  1840 , is used to send a link to a particular online video. 
     Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  1802  may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  1802  may store additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, device  1800  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device  1800 , the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device  1800  may be reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that may be performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device  1800  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that may be displayed on device  1800 . In such embodiments, the touchpad may be referred to as a “menu button.” In some other embodiments, the menu button may be a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG.  19    depicts illustrates an example portable multifunction device  1800  that may include one or more cameras (e.g., the cameras described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 16 B ), in accordance with some embodiments. The device  1800  may have a touch screen  1812 . The touch screen  1812  may display one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  1900 . In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user may select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  1902  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  1903  (not drawn to scale in the figure). 
     Device  1800  may also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  1904 . As described previously, menu button  1904  may be used to navigate to any application  1836  in a set of applications that may be executed on device  1800 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button  1904  is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen  1812 . 
     In one embodiment, device  1800  includes touch screen  1812 , menu button  1904 , push button  1906  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  1908 , Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  1910 , head set jack  1912 , and docking/charging external port  1924 . Push button  1906  may be used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device  1800  also may accept verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  1813 . 
     It should be noted that, although many of the examples herein are given with reference to optical sensor(s)/camera(s)  1864  (on the front of a device), one or more rear-facing cameras or optical sensors that are pointed opposite from the display may be used instead of, or in addition to, an optical sensor(s)/camera(s)  1864  on the front of a device. 
     Example Computer System 
       FIG.  20    illustrates an example computer system  2000  that may include one or more cameras (e.g., the cameras described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 16 B ), according to some embodiments. The computer system  2000  may be configured to execute any or all of the embodiments described above. In different embodiments, computer system  2000  may be any of various types of devices, including, but not limited to, a personal computer system, desktop computer, laptop, notebook, tablet, slate, pad, or netbook computer, mainframe computer system, handheld computer, workstation, network computer, a camera, a set top box, a mobile device, a consumer device, video game console, handheld video game device, application server, storage device, a television, a video recording device, a peripheral device such as a switch, modem, router, or in general any type of computing or electronic device. 
     Various embodiments of a camera motion control system as described herein, including embodiments of magnetic position sensing, as described herein may be executed in one or more computer systems  2000 , which may interact with various other devices. Note that any component, action, or functionality described above with respect to  FIGS.  1 - 19    may be implemented on one or more computers configured as computer system  2000  of  FIG.  20   , according to various embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, computer system  2000  includes one or more processors  2010  coupled to a system memory  2020  via an input/output (I/O) interface  2030 . Computer system  2000  further includes a network interface  2040  coupled to I/O interface  2030 , and one or more input/output devices  2050 , such as cursor control device  2060 , keyboard  2070 , and display(s)  2080 . In some cases, it is contemplated that embodiments may be implemented using a single instance of computer system  2000 , while in other embodiments multiple such systems, or multiple nodes making up computer system  2000 , may be configured to host different portions or instances of embodiments. For example, in one embodiment some elements may be implemented via one or more nodes of computer system  2000  that are distinct from those nodes implementing other elements. 
     In various embodiments, computer system  2000  may be a uniprocessor system including one processor  2010 , or a multiprocessor system including several processors  2010  (e.g., two, four, eight, or another suitable number). Processors  2010  may be any suitable processor capable of executing instructions. For example, in various embodiments processors  2010  may be general-purpose or embedded processors implementing any of a variety of instruction set architectures (ISAs), such as the x86, PowerPC, SPARC, or MIPS ISAs, or any other suitable ISA. In multiprocessor systems, each of processors  2010  may commonly, but not necessarily, implement the same ISA. 
     System memory  2020  may be configured to store camera control program instructions  2022  and/or camera control data accessible by processor  2010 . In various embodiments, system memory  2020  may be implemented using any suitable memory technology, such as static random access memory (SRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), nonvolatile/Flash-type memory, or any other type of memory. In the illustrated embodiment, program instructions  2022  may be configured to implement a lens control application  2024  incorporating any of the functionality described above. Additionally, existing camera control data  2032  of memory  2020  may include any of the information or data structures described above. In some embodiments, program instructions and/or data may be received, sent or stored upon different types of computer-accessible media or on similar media separate from system memory  2020  or computer system  2000 . While computer system  2000  is described as implementing the functionality of functional blocks of previous Figures, any of the functionality described herein may be implemented via such a computer system. 
     In one embodiment, I/O interface  2030  may be configured to coordinate I/O traffic between processor  2010 , system memory  2020 , and any peripheral devices in the device, including network interface  2040  or other peripheral interfaces, such as input/output devices  2050 . In some embodiments, I/O interface  2030  may perform any necessary protocol, timing or other data transformations to convert data signals from one component (e.g., system memory  2020 ) into a format suitable for use by another component (e.g., processor  2010 ). In some embodiments, I/O interface  2030  may include support for devices attached through various types of peripheral buses, such as a variant of the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus standard or the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard, for example. In some embodiments, the function of I/O interface  2030  may be split into two or more separate components, such as a north bridge and a south bridge, for example. Also, in some embodiments some or all of the functionality of I/O interface  2030 , such as an interface to system memory  2020 , may be incorporated directly into processor  2010 . 
     Network interface  2040  may be configured to allow data to be exchanged between computer system  2000  and other devices attached to a network  2085  (e.g., carrier or agent devices) or between nodes of computer system  2000 . Network  2085  may in various embodiments include one or more networks including but not limited to Local Area Networks (LANs) (e.g., an Ethernet or corporate network), Wide Area Networks (WANs) (e.g., the Internet), wireless data networks, some other electronic data network, or some combination thereof. In various embodiments, network interface  2040  may support communication via wired or wireless general data networks, such as any suitable type of Ethernet network, for example; via telecommunications/telephony networks such as analog voice networks or digital fiber communications networks; via storage area networks such as Fibre Channel SANs, or via any other suitable type of network and/or protocol. 
     Input/output devices  2050  may, in some embodiments, include one or more display terminals, keyboards, keypads, touchpads, scanning devices, voice or optical recognition devices, or any other devices suitable for entering or accessing data by one or more computer systems  2000 . Multiple input/output devices  2050  may be present in computer system  2000  or may be distributed on various nodes of computer system  2000 . In some embodiments, similar input/output devices may be separate from computer system  2000  and may interact with one or more nodes of computer system  2000  through a wired or wireless connection, such as over network interface  2040 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  20   , memory  2020  may include program instructions  2022 , which may be processor-executable to implement any element or action described above. In one embodiment, the program instructions may implement the methods described above. In other embodiments, different elements and data may be included. Note that data may include any data or information described above. 
     Those skilled in the art will appreciate that computer system  2000  is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of embodiments. In particular, the computer system and devices may include any combination of hardware or software that can perform the indicated functions, including computers, network devices, Internet appliances, PDAs, wireless phones, pagers, etc. Computer system  2000  may also be connected to other devices that are not illustrated, or instead may operate as a stand-alone system. In addition, the functionality provided by the illustrated components may in some embodiments be combined in fewer components or distributed in additional components. Similarly, in some embodiments, the functionality of some of the illustrated components may not be provided and/or other additional functionality may be available. 
     Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, while various items are illustrated as being stored in memory or on storage while being used, these items or portions of them may be transferred between memory and other storage devices for purposes of memory management and data integrity. Alternatively, in other embodiments some or all of the software components may execute in memory on another device and communicate with the illustrated computer system via inter-computer communication. Some or all of the system components or data structures may also be stored (e.g., as instructions or structured data) on a computer-accessible medium or a portable article to be read by an appropriate drive, various examples of which are described above. In some embodiments, instructions stored on a computer-accessible medium separate from computer system  2000  may be transmitted to computer system  2000  via transmission media or signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication medium such as a network and/or a wireless link. Various embodiments may further include receiving, sending or storing instructions and/or data implemented in accordance with the foregoing description upon a computer-accessible medium. Generally speaking, a computer-accessible medium may include a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium or memory medium such as magnetic or optical media, e.g., disk or DVD/CD-ROM, volatile or non-volatile media such as RAM (e.g. SDRAM, DDR, RDRAM, SRAM, etc.), ROM, etc. In some embodiments, a computer-accessible medium may include transmission media or signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication medium such as network and/or a wireless link. 
     The methods described herein may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination thereof, in different embodiments. In addition, the order of the blocks of the methods may be changed, and various elements may be added, reordered, combined, omitted, modified, etc. Various modifications and changes may be made as would be obvious to a person skilled in the art having the benefit of this disclosure. The various embodiments described herein are meant to be illustrative and not limiting. Many variations, modifications, additions, and improvements are possible. Accordingly, plural instances may be provided for components described herein as a single instance. Boundaries between various components, operations and data stores are somewhat arbitrary, and particular operations are illustrated in the context of specific illustrative configurations. 
     Additional descriptions of embodiments (example clauses): 
     Clause 1: A camera, comprising: a folded optics arrangement to fold a path of light, the folded optics arrangement comprising: a first prism; a second prism; and a lens group disposed between the first prism and the second prism, wherein the lens group includes one or more lens elements; an image sensor to capture light that has passed through the first prism, the lens group, and the second prism; a carrier arrangement, comprising: an inner carrier structure coupled to the lens group; and an outer carrier structure coupled to the inner carrier structure; and an actuator module to: move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least a first direction; and move the inner carrier structure relative to the outer carrier structure in at least a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. 
     Clause 2: The camera of Clause 1, wherein the actuator module comprises: an autofocus (AF) voice coil motor (VCM) actuator to move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least the first direction; a first optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator to move the inner carrier structure relative to the outer carrier structure in at least the second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction; and a second OIS VCM actuator to move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least a third direction that is orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction. 
     Clause 3: The camera of Clause 2, wherein: the AF VCM actuator is to move the lens group in at least the first direction, to provide AF movement of the image, projected on the image sensor, in at least the second direction; the first OIS VCM actuator is to move the lens group in at least the second direction, to provide OIS movement of the image in at least the first direction; and the second OIS VCM actuator is to move the lens group in at least the third direction, to provide OIS movement of the image in at least the third direction. 
     Clause 4: The camera of any of Clauses 1-3, wherein: the actuator module comprises: one or more magnets; and one or more coils; the inner carrier structure comprises a lens carrier to which at least one coil of the one or more coils is attached; the outer carrier structure comprises a magnet holder to which at least one magnet of the one or more magnets is attached; and the outer carrier structure at least partially encircles the folded optics arrangement. 
     Clause 5: The camera of any of Clauses 1-4, further comprising: a suspension arrangement to suspend the lens group and allow movement of the lens group along multiple axes, the suspension arrangement comprising: a leaf spring attached to the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure, so as to allow movement of the lens group and the inner carrier structure together, relative to the outer carrier structure, in at least the second direction; and suspension wires to allow movement of the lens group, the inner carrier structure, and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in one or more directions orthogonal to the second direction, wherein a suspension wire of the suspension wires comprises: a first end portion attached to the leaf spring; and a second end portion attached to a fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the lens group. 
     Clause 6: A device, comprising: one or more processors; memory storing program instructions executable by the one or more processors to control operation of a camera; and the camera, comprising: a folded optics arrangement to fold a path of light, the folded optics arrangement comprising: a first prism; a second prism; and a lens group disposed between the first prism and the second prism, wherein the lens group includes one or more lens elements; an image sensor to capture light that has passed through the first prism, the lens group, and the second prism; a carrier arrangement, comprising: an inner carrier structure coupled to the lens group; and an outer carrier structure coupled to the inner carrier structure; and an actuator module to: move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least a first direction; and move the inner carrier structure relative to the outer carrier structure in at least a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. 
     Clause 7: The device of Clause 6, wherein the actuator module comprises: an autofocus (AF) voice coil motor (VCM) actuator to move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least the first direction; a first optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator to move the inner carrier structure relative to the outer carrier structure in at least the second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction; and a second OIS VCM actuator to move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least a third direction that is orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction. 
     Clause 8: The device of Clause 7, wherein the one or more processors are further to: cause the AF VCM actuator to move the lens group in at least the first direction, to provide AF movement of the image, projected on the image sensor, in at least the second direction; cause the first OIS VCM actuator to move the lens group in at least the second direction, to provide OIS movement of the image in at least the first direction; and cause the second OIS VCM actuator to move the lens group in at least the third direction, to provide OIS movement of the image in at least the third direction. 
     Clause 9: The device of any of Clauses 6-8, wherein the outer carrier structure at least partially encircles the folded optics arrangement. 
     Clause 10: The device of any of Clauses 6-9, wherein: the actuator module comprises: one or more magnets; and one or more coils; the inner carrier structure comprises a lens carrier to which at least one coil of the one or more coils is attached; and the outer carrier structure comprises a magnet holder to which at least one magnet of the one or more magnets is attached. 
     Clause 11: The device of Clause 10, wherein at least one other coil of the one or more coils is attached to the magnet holder. 
     Clause 12: The device of any of Clauses 6-11, wherein: the first prism comprises: an object side through which light enters the first prism; and a first reflecting surface side comprising a first reflective surface to redirect the light towards the lens group; and the second prism comprises: a second reflecting surface side comprising a second reflective surface to redirect the light towards the image sensor; and an image side through which the light exits the first prism, the image side proximate the image sensor. 
     Clause 13: The device of Clause 12, wherein: the first reflecting surface side is angled relative to the object side of the first prism; and the actuator module comprises a voice coil motor (VCM) actuator having at least one magnet and at least one coil disposed within a space under the first reflecting surface side. 
     Clause 14: The device of any of Clauses 6-13, wherein the camera further comprises: a suspension arrangement to suspend the lens group and allow movement of the lens group along multiple axes, the suspension arrangement comprising: a leaf spring attached to the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure, so as to allow movement of the lens group and the inner carrier structure together, relative to the outer carrier structure, in at least the second direction; and suspension wires to allow movement of the lens group, the inner carrier structure, and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in one or more directions orthogonal to the second direction, wherein a suspension wire of the suspension wires comprises: a first end portion attached to the leaf spring; and a second end portion attached to a fixed structure that is stationary relative to movement of the lens group. 
     Clause 15: The device of any of Clauses 6-14, wherein: the first prism and the second prism are positioned along an optical axis defined by the lens group; and the image sensor defines a plane that is parallel to the optical axis. 
     Clause 16: A folded optics system, comprising: a lens group including one or more lens elements; a first prism to redirect light to the lens group; a second prism to receive the light from the lens group and redirect the light to an image sensor; an inner carrier structure to couple with the lens group; an outer carrier structure to couple with the inner carrier structure; and an actuator module to: move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least a first direction; and move the inner carrier structure relative to the outer carrier structure in at least a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. 
     Clause 17: The folded optics system of Clause 16, wherein the actuator module comprises: an autofocus (AF) voice coil motor (VCM) actuator to move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least the first direction; a first optical image stabilization (OIS) VCM actuator to move the inner carrier structure relative to the outer carrier structure in at least the second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction; and a second OIS VCM actuator to move the inner carrier structure and the outer carrier structure together, relative to the image sensor, in at least a third direction that is orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction. 
     Clause 18: The folded optics system of any of Clauses 16-17, wherein: the actuator module comprises: one or more magnets; and one or more coils; a first portion of the actuator module is attached to the inner carrier structure; a second portion of the actuator module is attached to the outer carrier structure; and a third portion of the actuator module is attached to a base structure that is fixed relative to movement of the lens group. 
     Clause 19: The folded optics system of any of Clauses 16-18, wherein the outer carrier structure is to at least partially encircle the lens group, the first prism, and the second prism. 
     Clause 20: The folded optics system of any of Clauses 16-19, wherein: the lens group is disposed between the first prism and the second prism; and the first prism and the second prism are positioned along an optical axis defined by the lens group. 
     Other allocations of functionality are envisioned and may fall within the scope of claims that follow. Finally, structures and functionality presented as discrete components in the example configurations may be implemented as a combined structure or component. These and other variations, modifications, additions, and improvements may fall within the scope of embodiments as defined in the claims that follow.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20210816
Publication Date: 20230815
Grant Date: 20230815
Priority Date: 20180126
Inventors: SMYTH, NICHOLAS D.
MIREAULT, ALFRED N.
MILLER, SCOTT W.
SHARMA, SHASHANK
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "G03B3/10", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/17", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B7/09", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B7/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/0065", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/0972", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/0977", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/646", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B3/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/17", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F9/3004", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/54", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/57", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/685", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0053", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B7/09", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B7/08", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B7/09", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B13/36", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/17", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/0065", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/646", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B30/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/0065", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/17", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/646", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0053", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/54", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/685", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B13/36", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/12", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H02K41/0356", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B7/08", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B13/0065", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B17/17", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/646", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B5/00", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0015", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0053", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/54", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/55", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/57", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04N23/685", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/0972", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G02B27/0977", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B3/10", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G03B2205/0069", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F9/3004", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 65496972