PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-11963288-B2
Application Number: US-202217843884-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Thermal module for a circuit board

Abstract:
An assembly for heat-generating components includes a metal and a non-metal layer. To secure to a circuit board that carries a heat-generating component, a metal standoff is secured on a perimeter of the circuit board. Multiple protruding elements of the metal layer of the assembly secure within a respective opening of the standoff. The assembly secures, through metal-to-metal contact, to the standoff by multiple mechanical couplings. The assembly not only covers the circuit board, but also extends laterally beyond the circuit board (and the circuit board components). As a result, the assembly receives thermal energy from a heat-generating component(s) on the circuit board and allows the thermal energy to flow through assembly from one portion of the assembly covering the heat-generating component(s) to the lateral portion of the assembly that does not cover the heat-generating component(s).

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An assembly comprising:
 a standoff disposed on a perimeter of a circuit board; and 
 a thermal module mechanically coupled with the standoff, the thermal module comprising:
 a first portion that covers a heat-generating component of the circuit board, and 
 a second portion that extends laterally beyond the standoff; and 
 
 a bracket coupled with the thermal module at the second portion, the bracket comprising a bend, wherein the bracket is configured to secure with a component based on the bend. 
 
     
     
       2. The assembly of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the first portion is configured to dissipate thermal energy from the heat-generating component, and 
 the second portion is configured to receive at least some of the thermal energy from the first portion. 
 
     
     
       3. The assembly of  claim 1 , wherein the thermal module comprises a plurality of extensions that separates the first portion from the second portion. 
     
     
       4. The assembly of  claim 1 , wherein the thermal module comprises:
 a non-metal layer; 
 an electrical insulator; and 
 a metal layer positioned between the non-metal layer and the electrical insulator. 
 
     
     
       5. The assembly of  claim 4 , wherein:
 the metal layer comprises a recessed region; and 
 the non-metal layer is disposed on the recessed region. 
 
     
     
       6. The assembly of  claim 1 , further comprising a shield secured with the component. 
     
     
       7. A circuit board assembly comprising:
 a circuit board; 
 a standoff coupled to the circuit board, the standoff comprising:
 a receiving surface, and 
 a first extension and a second extension, wherein the first extension and the second extension extend from the receiving surface; and 
 
 a thermal module that covers the receiving surface, the thermal module comprising:
 a non-metal layer, 
 an electrical insulator, and 
 a metal layer positioned between the non-metal layer and the electrical insulator. 
 
 
     
     
       8. The circuit board assembly of  claim 7 , wherein the first extension and the second extension engage the circuit board. 
     
     
       9. The circuit board assembly of  claim 7 , further comprising a bracket secured with the thermal module and the circuit board. 
     
     
       10. The circuit board assembly of  claim 9 , wherein the bracket is outside a perimeter defined by the standoff. 
     
     
       11. The circuit board assembly of  claim 7 , wherein the metal layer further comprises:
 a plurality of protruding elements, each of which is positioned between respective extensions of the standoff; and 
 a plurality of extensions that engage the circuit board. 
 
     
     
       12. The circuit board assembly of  claim 11 , wherein the thermal module:
 a first portion that covers the circuit board; and 
 a second portion that extends laterally with respect to the first portion, the circuit board uncovered by the second portion, and 
 the plurality of extensions separates the first portion from the second portion. 
 
     
     
       13. The circuit board assembly of  claim 7 , wherein the thermal module contacts the receiving surface. 
     
     
       14. A portable electronic device comprising:
 a display housing that carries a display; and 
 a base portion rotationally coupled with the display housing, the base portion comprising:
 a circuit board that carries a heat-generating component, the circuit board comprising a perimeter; 
 a standoff disposed on the perimeter of the circuit board, the standoff comprises a first extension, a second extension, and an opening between the first extension and the second extension; and 
 a thermal module mechanically coupled with the standoff, the thermal module comprising:
 a metal layer in contact with the standoff, the metal layer comprising a protruding element positioned in the opening, 
 a first portion that covers the heat-generating component, and 
 a second portion that extends laterally beyond the standoff. 
 
 
 
     
     
       15. The portable electronic device of  claim 14 , wherein: 
       the standoff comprises:
 a receiving surface, 
 wherein the first extension and the second extension extend from the receiving surface, and the thermal module covers the receiving surface and includes an indentation located between the first extension and the second extension. 
 
     
     
       16. The portable electronic device of  claim 14 , further comprising:
 a keyboard circuit board located in the base portion; and 
 a shield secured with the keyboard circuit board, wherein the circuit board is positioned between the thermal module and the shield. 
 
     
     
       17. The portable electronic device of  claim 14 , further comprising a fastener, wherein the standoff comprises a threaded portion that receives the fastener. 
     
     
       18. The portable electronic device of  claim 17 , further comprising:
 a power source; 
 a flexible circuit electrically coupled to the power source; 
 a connector that electrically couples the flexible circuit to the circuit board; and 
 a cowling that secures the flexible circuit to the circuit board, wherein the fastener comprises a fastener head that engages the cowling and the thermal module. 
 
     
     
       19. The portable electronic device of  claim 18 , wherein the thermal module comprises:
 a non-metal material; and 
 a metal material, wherein the fastener head engages the metal material. 
 
     
     
       20. The portable electronic device of  claim 14 , wherein the thermal module further comprises:
 a non-metal layer; and 
 an electrical insulator, wherein the metal layer, the non-metal layer and the electrical insulator define the first portion and the second portion. 
 
     
     
       21. An electronic device comprising:
 a housing that includes an internal chamber; and 
 components located in the internal chamber, the components comprising:
 a circuit board that carries a heat-generating component; 
 a metal standoff disposed on a perimeter of the circuit board, the metal standoff comprising an opening; and 
 a thermal module mechanically coupled with the metal standoff, the thermal module comprising:
 a metal layer comprising a protruding element positioned in the opening, wherein the metal layer comprises an embossed region, 
 a non-metal layer disposed on the embossed region, 
 a first portion that covers the heat-generating component, and 
 a second portion that extends laterally beyond the metal standoff. 
 
 
 
     
     
       22. The electronic device of  claim 21 , wherein:
 the first portion is configured to dissipate thermal energy from the heat-generating component, and 
 the second portion is configured to receive at least some of the thermal energy from the first portion. 
 
     
     
       23. The electronic device of  claim 21 , further comprising a bracket secured with the thermal module at the second portion, wherein the bracket is located laterally with respect to the metal standoff. 
     
     
       24. The electronic device of  claim 21 , wherein the metal layer contacts and overlaps the metal standoff. 
     
     
       25. The electronic device of  claim 21 , wherein the thermal module comprises a plurality of extensions that separates the first portion from the second portion.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure is directed to a module for a circuit board and components on the circuit board, and more particularly, to a module that provides an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield, a protective cover, and a thermal energy dissipator for the components located on the circuit board. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Electronic devices include circuit boards that carry several operational components, such as integrated circuits. Some circuit boards are covered by a structure having approximately the same dimensions as those of the circuit board. Also, these structures can be used to extract thermal energy from the integrated circuits. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Certain features of the subject technology are set forth in the appended claims. However, for purpose of explanation, several embodiments of the subject technology are set forth in the following figures. 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a perspective view of an electronic device, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a plan view of an electronic device, showing internal features of the electronic device, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates an exploded view of an assembly, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  4    illustrates a cross-sectional view of the metal layer, taken along line  4 - 4  of  FIG.  3   , in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  5    illustrates a cross-sectional view of the metal layer, taken along line  5 - 5  of  FIG.  3   , in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  6    illustrates an exploded view of an assembly of multiple components that support a circuit board, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  7    illustrates a side view of the assembly directing thermal energy away from a heat-generating component, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  8    illustrates a plan view of connection features of a standoff, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  9    illustrates a perspective view showing portions of a standoff and a metal layer, including their respective connection features, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  10    illustrates a cross-sectional view showing a standoff secured with a metal layer based on their respective connection features, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  11    illustrates a perspective view of a component used to secure a connector to a circuit board, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  12    illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of a standoff, showing modifications of the standoff used to receive fasteners/inserts, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  13    illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of an electronic device, showing additional thermal features of an assembly, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  14 A,  14 B,  14 C, and  14 D  illustrate alternate embodiments of an electronic device, in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  15    illustrates a block diagram of an electronic system with which one or more implementations of the subject technology may be implemented. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The detailed description set forth below is intended as a description of various configurations of the subject technology and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the subject technology may be practiced. The appended drawings are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the detailed description. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the subject technology. However, it will be clear and apparent to those skilled in the art that the subject technology is not limited to the specific details set forth herein and may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the subject technology. 
     The present disclosure is directed to assemblies for circuit boards used in electronic devices. Assemblies described herein may refer to cover assemblies that include one or more structural components used to cover a circuit board, including components of the circuit board. An assembly may include one or more layers of materials for thermal energy spreading and dissipation. These layers may include both metals and non-metals. A metal layer of a cover assembly can not only provide thermal benefits, but can also shield components (e.g., integrated circuits) from EMI generated from other components in the electronic device. Moreover, the metal layer can limit or prevent EMI generated by a component(s) on the circuit board from reaching sensitive components not located on the circuit board (e.g., antennas). 
     While traditional structures are generally used to shield the circuit board components, these structures often lack in other aspects. For example, in order to reduce the overall weight of the structure, adhesives and tapes are used as the basis for the circuit board cover. However, over time, adhesives and tapes may break down and fail to withstand external loads received by the electronic device. 
     Assemblies described herein provide a robust housing designed to withstand external loads exerted on the electronic device. For example, the assembly is designed to secure/mate with a metal standoff, or fence, that is secured with a perimeter to the circuit board. Generally, the metal standoff is secured along a perimeter of the circuit board. In particular, the metal layer is modified to include several protruding elements that secure with respective openings, or voids, in the standoff, thus forming multiple mechanical couplings. By forming a direct, metal-to-metal contact between the cover assembly and the standoff, the force required to remove the cover assembly may significantly increase over that of adhesive or tape (i.e., no direct metal-to-metal coupling), while also removing the need for additional materials, such as adhesive or tape. However, an adhesive or tape may be used in some embodiments. Beneficially, such assemblies can be integrated into portable electronic devices, such as laptop computing device, and in particular, next to a keyboard of the laptop computing, i.e., a location in which external loads are regularly received when the keyboard is in use. 
     While the standoff generally traces around a perimeter/border of the circuit board, the assembly can extend beyond the standoff and the circuit board. For example, the assembly includes one portion that covers the circuit board, as well as another portion that extends beyond the standoff and the circuit board, and accordingly, does not cover the circuit board. The extended portion can be used as a heat sink or a fin. For example, during operation of one or more heat-generating components (e.g., integrated circuits) located on the circuit board, the portion covering the circuit board can extract thermal energy generated by the heat-generating component(s). The extracted thermal energy can flow to the portion not covering the circuit board, where it is dissipated over time. As a result, the thermal energy is not only extracted from the heat-generating component(s), but also flows laterally away from the heat-generating component(s), thus keeping the assembly in proximity to the heat-generating component(s) relatively cool. 
     Additionally, the standoff is modified to include several openings. In this manner, the standoff can receive fasteners, in respective openings of the standoff, that secure a cowling, or cover, that secures a connector to the circuit board. As a result, the space on the circuit board dedicated to components increases as the standoff can hold the fasteners, as opposed to using several bosses on the circuit board. Put another way, the component density on the circuit board may increase as a result of the standoff modifications. Additionally, based on the design of the metal layer of the circuit board and the location of the openings, a fastener head of a fastener contacts both the metal layer and the standoff (including a portion of the standoff other than the opening). Beneficially, when the fastener and cowling are removed, the connector is readily accessible while the circuit board remains generally covered. This may reduce serviceability times. 
     These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to  FIGS.  1 - 15   . However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these Figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. 
     According to some embodiments, for example as shown in  FIG.  1   , an electronic device  100  includes a display housing  102  and a base portion  104 . Display housing  102  is rotationally coupled to base portion  104 , and vice versa, thus allowing display housing  102  to rotate toward and away from base portion  104  from an open position (shown in  FIG.  1   ) to a closed position in which display housing  102  covers base portion  104 . 
     Display housing  102  includes a display  106  designed to present visual information in the form of textual information, still images (e.g., pictures), and/or motion images (e.g., video). Base portion  104  includes multiple input mechanisms, such as a keyboard  108  and a track pad  110 . Although not shown, base portion  104  (or in some cases, display housing  102 ) carries multiple components, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a system on a chip (SOC), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a memory circuit, and flexible circuitry, as non-limiting examples. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   , an internal view of base portion  104  shows a circuit board  112  for keyboard  108  (shown in  FIG.  1   ) and assembly  120  located on circuit board  112 , which may also be referred to as a keyboard circuit board. For purposes of illustration, a housing component is removed from base portion  104  to show an internal chamber, or volume, in which circuit board  112  and assembly  120  are located. Assembly  120  is disposed over an additional circuit board (not shown in  FIG.  2   ) that carries one or more of a CPU, a GPU, a SOC, and an ASIC. As a result of its relative position, assembly  120  can act as a cover assembly designed to provide thermal, structural, and electrical ground benefits for some circuit boards. 
     Referring to  FIG.  3   , assembly  120  includes several components. For example, assembly  120  includes a layer  122   a , a layer  122   b , and a layer  122   c . Layer  122   a  may include a non-metal material or multiple non-metal materials, such as graphite, biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BoPET, also known as mylar), or a combination thereof. Generally, layer  122   a  may include a material, or combination of materials, that includes a relatively high thermal conductivity, thus allowing layer  122   a  to readily receive, transport, and spread thermal energy based on a temperature gradient. 
     Layer  122   b  may include a metal material or multiple metal materials. For example, layer  122   b  may include copper or copper alloy. The material(s) selected for layer  122   b  may include one or more metals with a relatively high thermal conductivity, thus allowing layer  122   b  to not only receive and transport received thermal energy laterally (along X- and Y-axes in Cartesian coordinates), but also provide at least some of the received thermal energy to layer  122   a . Additional modifications to layer  122   b  are possible. For example, layer  122   b  may include an embossed region defined by an indentation that receives layer  122   a . Additionally, layer  122   b  may be manipulated to include elongated features along a perimeter of layer  122   b . These features will be further shown and described below. 
     Layer  122   b  may further provide additional protection to a circuit board (and its components). For example, the material makeup of layer  122   b  can stiffen a circuit board and limit or prevent some flexing of the circuit board due to external loads applied to the electronic device in which the circuit board is located. As a result, the components of circuit board are less likely to decouple, including electrically decouple, from the circuit board. 
     Further, based on the material makeup, layer  122   b  provides an EMI shield that blocks noise from components in the electronic device that are external to the circuit board covered by assembly  120 . Moreover, layer  122   b  may prevent EMI generated from components on the circuit board from emanating throughout the electronic device. 
     Layer  122   c  includes an insulating layer, including an electrically insulating layer. Layer  122   c  is positioned on a surface of layer  122   b  such that layer  122   c  is positioned between layer  122   b  and an electrical component(s) (e.g., integrated circuit(s)). In this manner, the clearance, or space, between layer  122   b  and the electrical component(s) can be relatively small without the electrical component(s) coming into direct contact with layer  122   b , thus preventing unwanted electrical discharge. 
     Also, assembly  120  may include a bracket  124  that acts as a stiffening element for assembly  120 . In some instances, at least one of the dimensions of assembly  120  is greater than that of the circuit board. As a result, when assembly  120  is installed over a circuit board, assembly  120  extends laterally beyond the circuit board. In order to support this laterally extended portion, bracket  124  connects to assembly  120  (at layer  122   b ) and further connects with the circuit board  112  (shown in  FIG.  2   ). In order to secure with components in different dimensions along the Z-axis, bracket  124  may include a bend  125 , with bend  125  formed by bending, embossing, or otherwise deforming bracket  124 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  4   , a cross-sectional view of layer  122   b , taken along line  4 - 4  of  FIG.  3    shows additional features. In order to receive layer  122   a  (shown in  FIG.  3   ), a top portion  126  of layer  122   b  includes an indentation  128  that forms a receiving surface for layer  122   a . Indentation  128  may be formed through an embossing operation, a die press operation, or the like. Through an additional operation, layer  122   b  can be bent or otherwise deformed at the perimeter to form extensions. For example, layer  122   b  may include an extension  130   a  and an extension  130   b , each of which extend from top portion  126 . Also, extensions  130   a  and  130   b  may include several protruding elements. For example, extensions  130   a  and  130   b  include protruding elements  132   a  and  132   b , respectively. Protruding elements  132   a  and  132   b  (representative of several additional indentations) extend inwardly from extensions  130   a  and  130   b , respectively, and act as coupling features that allow layer  122   b  to mechanically connect to another structure. This will be shown and described below. 
     Referring to  FIG.  5   , a cross-sectional view of the layer  122   b , taken along line  5 - 5  of  FIG.  3   , shows additional features. As shown, layer  122   b  can undergo an operation (e.g., cutting and bending operation) to form an extension  134  that extends from top portion  126  of layer  122   b . Extension  134  (representative of several additional extensions) provides an additional portion of layer  122   b  that extends from top portion  126 . Based on the position of extension  134  (and several similar extensions), layer  122   b  can provide additional EMI shielding for components on a circuit board and prevent emanation of EMI from the components on the circuit board. While extension  134  (and several similar extensions) form voids in layer  122   b , the size and shape of extension  134  (and several similar extensions) does not substantially prevent thermal energy transfer through top portion  126  of layer  122   b.    
     Referring to  FIG.  6   , assembly  120  is designed for use with a circuit board  140 . As shown, circuit board  140  carries several components, such as a component  142   a , a component  142   b , and a component  142   c . Components  142   a ,  142   b ,  142   c  and  142   d  are representative of several additional components, including operational components, and each may take the form of a CPU, GPU, ASIC, and/or a SOC, as non-limiting examples. During operation, components  142   a ,  142   b ,  142   c  and  142   d  may generate thermal energy, and thus may each be referred to as a heat-generating component. 
     In order to secure assembly  120  with circuit board  140 , a standoff  143  is positioned between assembly  120  and circuit board  140 . Standoff  143  generally traces a perimeter of circuit board  140 , and thus may be referred to as a perimeter standoff. Standoff  143  is secured with circuit board  140  and is further secured with assembly  120 , and in particular, with layer  122   b  (shown in  FIG.  3   ). 
     Referring again to layer  122   b , layer  122   b  may include a combination of extensions located along a perimeter of layer  122   b . For example, at least three sides of layer  122   b , a generally 4-sided structure, may include one or more extensions similar to extensions  130   a  and  130   b  shown in  FIG.  4   . Additionally, at least one side of layer  122   b  may include multiple discrete extensions similar to that of extension  134  shown in  FIG.  5   . As a result, layer  122   b  and standoff  143  may combine to act as a Faraday cage. 
     Additionally, a shield  144  is secured with an opposing surface of circuit board  140 , i.e., a surface opposite the surface on which components  142   a ,  142   b ,  142   c  and  142   d  are positioned. Shield  144  may act as a thermal shield, a structural/protective shield, and/or an EMI shield. 
     Generally, circuit board  140  and standoff  143  include the same two-dimensional area. However, assembly  120  may include a larger two-dimensional area. For example, assembly  120  includes a major dimension that is greater than a respective major dimension of circuit board  140 , standoff  143 , and shield  144 . The phrase “major dimension” refers to a dimension of greatest length a structure, as compared to the remaining lengths of the structure. As shown in  FIG.  6   , assembly  120  includes a portion  152   a  that forms a two-dimensional area that is approximately the same as that of each of circuit board  140  and standoff  143 . Additionally, assembly  120  includes a portion  152   b  that extends laterally relatively to circuit board  140  and standoff  143 , and also extends laterally relative to shield  144 . Portions  152   a  and  152   b  may be referred to as a first portion and a second portion, respectively. However, “first” and “second” may be interchanged. The dotted line on assembly  120  represents an approximate border that separates portion  152   a  from portion  152   b . While portion  152   a  is secured with standoff  143 , portion  152   b  is supported by bracket  124 . Accordingly, when assembled, bracket  124  secures with assembly  120  at portion  152   b  and secured with circuit board  112  (shown in  FIG.  2   ), and lies outside of, or lateral to, circuit board  140  and standoff  143 . 
     Also, when assembled, the components shown in  FIG.  6    combine to form a circuit board assembly. Put another way, a circuit board assembly may include assembly  120 , bracket  124 , standoff  143 , circuit board  140 , and shield  144 . 
     Some modifications to assembly  120  are made to accommodate circuit board  140 . For example, assembly  120  includes a cut out region  153   a  and a cut out region  153   b  to accommodate a connector  155   a  and a connector  155   b , respectively, of circuit board  140 . Connectors  155   a  and  155   b  may electrically connect components of circuit board  140  to other components (e.g., speaker modules, microphones, wireless communication components, and power sources, as non-limiting examples. Although not explicitly shown, assembly  120  may include other modifications (e.g., cut outs) to accommodate other components, such as onboard wireless communication components. 
     Referring to  FIG.  7   , assembly  120  is secured with circuit board  140  via standoff  143 , which is shown as a partial cross section. During operation, component  142   a  generates thermal energy. The path of the thermal energy is shown as a dotted line. As shown in  FIG.  7   , assembly  120  receives the thermal energy at portion  152   a  of assembly  120 . The thermal energy then travels in a perpendicular, or generally perpendicular manner, through assembly  120  from portion  152   a  to portion  152   b . By receiving thermal energy at portion  152   b , assembly  120  can store the thermal energy in a location away from component  142   a  as well as other components of circuit board  140 , as portion  152   b  is laterally positioned relative to circuit board  140 . Put another away, circuit board  140  is uncovered by portion  152   b  and thus circuit board  140  is unaffected by the thermal energy received at portion  152   b . In this manner, portion  152   b  may act as a heat sink for assembly  120  by receiving thermal energy and subsequently dissipating the thermally energy. Although not shown, a thermal gel may be present to facilitate thermal energy transport from component  142   a.    
     Referring to  FIG.  8   , an enlarged view of standoff  143  shows several openings, or voids, between adjacent structures. For example, standoff  143  includes an opening  154   a , an opening  154   b , and an opening  154   c . Standoff further includes an extension  157   a , an extension  157   b , an extension  157   c , and an extension  157   d , with opening  154   a  positioned between adjacent extensions  157   a  and  157   b , opening  154   b  positioned between adjacent extensions  157   b  and  157   c , and opening  154   c  positioned between adjacent extensions  157   c  and  157   d . Openings  154   a ,  154   b , and  154   c  and extensions  157   a ,  157   b ,  157   c , and  157   d  are representative of several additional openings and extensions, respectively, of standoff  143 . Each of the openings of standoff  143  are designed to receive a protruding element of layer  122   b  (e.g., protruding elements  132   a  and  132   b , shown in  FIG.  4   ). 
     Referring to  FIG.  9   , the connection features between layer  122   b  of assembly  120  (shown in  FIG.  6   ) and standoff  143  are shown. Layer  122   b  includes protruding elements  132   c ,  132   d , and  132   e  (each similar to protruding elements  132   a  and  132   b , in  FIG.  4   ). When assembled, protruding elements  132   c ,  132   d , and  132   e  are positioned in openings  154   a ,  154   b , and  154   c , respectively. Accordingly, protruding element  132   c  is positioned between extensions  157   a  and  157   b , protruding element  132   d  is positioned between extensions  157   b  and  157   c , and  132   e  is positioned between extensions  157   c  and  157   d . As a result, assembly  120  (shown in  FIG.  6   ) is mechanically connected (by way of layer  122   b ) with standoff  143 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  10   , assembly  120  is mechanically connected with standoff  143 . As shown, layer  122   b  overlap standoff  143 . Additionally, protruding elements  132   a  and  132   b  of layer  122   b  are positioned in openings  154   d  and  154   e , respectively, of standoff  143 , and accordingly, between adjacent extensions (not shown in  FIG.  10   ) of standoff  143 . Several additional mechanical couplings like those shown in  FIG.  10    may be present between layer  122   b  and standoff  143 . As a result, adhesives and/or tape may not be required to secure assembly  120  together with standoff  143 . Additionally, layer  122   b  and standoff  143  are in direct contact with each other, thus providing metal-to-metal contact between the components. Beneficially, this relationship may increase EMI shielding as well as provide a more robust protective cover for circuit board  140  (not shown in  FIG.  10   ). 
     Referring to  FIG.  11   , assembly  120  is secured with standoff  143  (not shown), and a flexible cable  160  is electrically coupled to a connector (e.g., one of connectors  155   a  and  155   b , shown in  FIG.  6   ) of circuit board  140 . In order to secure flexible cable  160 , a cowling  162  is secured over flexible cable  160 . Additionally, a fastener  164   a  and a fastener  164   b  secure cowling  162  to assembly  120 . In particular, fasteners  164   a  and  164   b  each include a fastener head. As shown in  FIG.  11   , the respective fastener heads of fasteners  164   a  and  164   b  are in contact with both layer  122   b  and cowling  162 . 
     Based on the cut out region (e.g., cut out regions  153   a  and  153   b ) of assembly  120 , when cowling  162  and flexible cable  160  are removed to access the connector (to which flexible cable  160  was coupled), circuit board  140  is still substantially covered by assembly  120 . Put another way, additional access to circuit board  140  is not required to disconnect other electrical components similar to flexible cable  160 . As a result, an electronic device that carries circuit board  140  can be more easily serviced, as circuit board  140  can be easily removed and/or replaced based upon the ease of removing electrical components at the perimeter of circuit board  140 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  12   , standoff  143  includes modifications to receive fasteners  164   a  and  164   b  (shown in  FIG.  11   ). For purposes of illustration, cowling  162  (shown in  FIG.  11   ) used to secure flexible cable  160  is removed. As shown, standoff  143  includes an insert  166   a  and an insert  166   b . Further, inserts  166   a  and  166   b  include an opening  168   a  and an opening  168   b , respectively. Openings  168   a  and  168   b  are designed to receive fasteners  164   a  and  164   b , respectively. In some embodiments, openings  168   a  and  168   b  are threaded openings, and fasteners  164   a  and  164   b  are threaded fasteners. Beneficially, standoff  143  includes features used to receive fasteners  164   a  and  164   b , rather than standalone features (e.g., cylindrical standoffs) secured directly to circuit board  140 . This may result in additional volume between assembly  120  and circuit board  140  for additional operational components, which can in turn lead to an electronic device with additional capabilities. 
     Referring to  FIG.  13   , a partial cross-section of base portion  104  of electronic device  100  shows additional features used to cool components. For example, assembly  120  includes a gel  170  that engages component  142   a  and layer  122   b  of assembly  120 . As shown, gel  170  fills a gap or space between component  142   a  and layer  122   b . Gel  170  may include a thermal gel that includes a relatively high thermal conductivity. As a result, thermal energy generated by component  142   a  can more easily flow into gel  170  and subsequently into layer  122   b , as opposed to thermal energy flowing through air. 
     Additionally, assembly  120  includes an opening  172  positioned in a location corresponding to a component  142   e . As shown in  FIG.  13   , opening  172  is formed in layer  122   b , thus allowing component  142   e  to be positioned on circuit board  140  without contacting assembly  120 , as component  142   e  is tall enough to otherwise contact layer  122   b . Accordingly, assembly  120  can be further modified for the components of circuit board  140 . 
     In addition to laptop computing devices, the features shown and described for assembly  120  (including standoff  143 ) and circuit board  140  can be located in other electronic devices. For example,  FIGS.  14 A- 14 D  show additional exemplary devices, each of which may include an assembly, a circuit board, and a standoff with any features shown and described for assembly  120 , circuit board  140 , and standoff  143 , respectively. Additionally, each electronic device shown and described in  FIGS.  14 A- 14 D  may include a housing designed to store an assembly, a circuit board, and a standoff. 
       FIG.  14 A  illustrates a perspective view of an electronic device  200  that takes the form of a mobile wireless communication device, such as a smartphone.  FIG.  14 B  illustrates a perspective view of an electronic device  300  that takes the form of a mobile wireless communication device, such as a tablet computing device.  FIG.  14 C  illustrates a perspective view of an electronic device  400  that takes the form of a standalone display device or a desktop computing device with a display.  FIG.  14 D  illustrates a perspective view of an electronic device  500  that takes the form of a standalone desktop computing device, including a compact desktop computing device. Accordingly, the features shown and described for an assembly, a standoff, and a circuit board may be present in computing devices with or without displays. Electronic device  100  (shown in  FIG.  1   ) and electronic devices shown in  FIGS.  14 A- 14 D  are not intended to be a comprehensive set of electronic devices, and other electronic devices are possible. 
       FIG.  15    illustrates an electronic system  600  with which one or more implementations of the subject technology may be implemented. Electronic system  600  can be electronic device  100  as shown in  FIG.  1    or any one of electronic devices  200 ,  300 ,  400 , and  500  shown in  FIGS.  14 A- 14 D , respectively. Electronic system  600  may include various types of computer readable media and interfaces for various other types of computer readable media. Electronic system  600  includes a bus  608 , one or more processing unit(s)  612 , a system memory  604  (and/or buffer), a ROM  610 , a permanent storage device  602 , an input device interface  614 , an output device interface  606 , and one or more network interfaces  616 , or subsets and variations thereof. 
     Bus  608  collectively represents all system, peripheral, and chipset buses that communicatively connect the numerous internal devices of electronic system  600 . In one or more implementations, bus  608  communicatively connects one or more processing unit(s)  612  with ROM  610 , system memory  604 , and permanent storage device  602 . From these various memory units, one or more processing unit(s)  612  retrieves instructions to execute and data to process in order to execute the processes of the subject disclosure. One or more processing unit(s)  612  can be a single processor or a multi-core processor in different implementations. 
     ROM  610  stores static data and instructions that are needed by one or more processing unit(s)  612  and other modules of electronic system  600 . Permanent storage device  602 , on the other hand, may be a read-and-write memory device. Permanent storage device  602  may be a non-volatile memory unit that stores instructions and data even when electronic system  600  is off. In one or more implementations, a mass-storage device (such as a magnetic or optical disk and its corresponding disk drive) may be used as permanent storage device  602 . 
     In one or more implementations, a removable storage device (such as a floppy disk, flash drive, and its corresponding disk drive) may be used as permanent storage device  602 . Like permanent storage device  602 , system memory  604  may be a read-and-write memory device. However, unlike permanent storage device  602 , system memory  604  may be a volatile read-and-write memory, such as random access memory. System memory  604  may store any of the instructions and data that one or more processing unit(s)  612  may need at runtime. In one or more implementations, processes of the subject disclosure are stored in system memory  604 , permanent storage device  602 , and/or ROM  610  (which are each implemented as a non-transitory computer-readable medium). From these various memory units, one or more processing unit(s)  612  retrieves instructions to execute and data to process in order to execute the processes of one or more implementations. 
     Bus  608  also connects to input device interface  614  and output device interface  606 . Input device interface  614  enables a user to communicate information and select commands to the electronic system  600 . Input devices that may be used with input device interface  614  may include, for example, alphanumeric keyboards and pointing devices (also called “cursor control devices”). Output device interface  606  may enable, for example, the display of images generated by electronic system  600 . Output devices that may be used with the output device interface  606  may include, for example, printers and display devices, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a flexible display, a flat panel display, a solid state display, a projector, or any other device for outputting information. One or more implementations may include devices that function as both input and output devices, such as a touchscreen. In these implementations, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback, such as visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback; and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input. 
     Finally, as shown in  FIG.  15   , bus  608  is also capable of coupling electronic system  600  to one or more networks and/or to one or more network nodes through the one or more network interface(s)  616 . In this manner, electronic system  600  can be a part of a network of computers, such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or a network of networks, such as the Internet. Any or all components of electronic system  600  can be used in conjunction with the subject disclosure. 
     Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an assembly that can provide enhanced thermal transport capabilities by having a shape larger than that of a circuit board on which the assembly is disposed. The assembly further provides a robust metal component (i.e., metal layer) that provides stiffness to the circuit board as well as EMI shielding. Also, the assembly can secure with a standoff by way of a mechanical, metal-to-metal contact, thus eliminating the need for adhesives and tape. Additionally, a standoff of the assembly is modified to receive fasteners that assist in securing perimeter connectors on the circuit board, resulting in more space on the circuit board. 
     Various examples of aspects of the disclosure are described below as clauses for convenience. These are provided as examples, and do not limit the subject technology. 
     Clause A: An assembly including: a standoff disposed on a perimeter of a circuit board; and a thermal module mechanically coupled with the standoff, the thermal module including: a first portion that covers a heat-generating component of the circuit board, and a second portion that extends laterally beyond the standoff. 
     Clause B: A circuit board assembly including: a circuit board; a standoff coupled to the circuit board, the standoff including: a receiving surface, and a first extension and a second extension, wherein the first extension and the second extension extend from the receiving surface; and a thermal module that covers the receiving surface, the thermal module including a protruding element located between the first extension and the second extension. 
     Clause C: A portable electronic device including: a display housing that carries a display; and a base portion rotationally coupled with the display housing, the base portion including: a circuit board that carries a heat-generating component; a standoff disposed on a perimeter of the circuit board; and a thermal module mechanically coupled with the standoff, the thermal module including: a metal layer in contact with the standoff, a first portion that covers the heat-generating component, and a second portion that extends laterally beyond the standoff 
     Clause D: An electronic device including: a housing that includes an internal chamber; and components located in the internal chamber, the components including: a circuit board that carries a heat-generating component; a metal standoff disposed on a perimeter of the circuit board, the metal layer including an opening; and a thermal module mechanically coupled with the standoff, the thermal module including: a metal layer including a protruding element positioned in the opening, the metal layer includes an embossed region, a non-metal layer disposed on the embossed region, a first portion that covers the heat-generating component, and a second portion that extends laterally beyond the standoff. 
     One or more of the above clauses can include one or more of the features described below. It is noted that any of the following clauses may be combined in any combination with each other, and placed into a respective independent clause, e.g., clause A, B, C or D. 
     Clause 1: wherein: the first portion is configured to dissipate thermal energy from the heat-generating component, and the second portion is configured to receive at least some of the thermal energy from the first portion. 
     Clause 2: wherein the thermal module includes a plurality of extensions that separates the first portion from the second portion. 
     Clause 3: further including a bracket secured with the thermal module at the second portion. 
     Clause 4: wherein: the bracket includes a bend, and the bracket is configured to secure with a keyboard circuit board along the bend. 
     Clause 5: wherein the thermal module includes: a non-metal layer; an electrical insulator; and a metal layer positioned between the non-metal layer and the electrical insulator. 
     Clause 6: wherein: the metal layer includes a recessed region; and the non-metal layer is disposed on the recessed region. 
     Clause 7: wherein the first extension and the second extension engage the circuit board. 
     Clause 8: further including a bracket secured with the thermal module and the circuit board. 
     Clause 9: wherein the bracket is outside a perimeter defined by the standoff. 
     Clause 10: wherein the thermal module includes a metal layer, including: a plurality of protruding elements, each of which is positioned between respective extensions of the standoff; and a plurality of extensions that engage the circuit board. 
     Clause 11: wherein the thermal module: a first portion that covers the circuit board; and a second portion that extends laterally with respect to the first portion, the circuit board uncovered by the second portion, and the plurality of extensions separates the first portion from the second portion. 
     Clause 12: wherein the thermal module contacts the receiving surface. 
     Clause 13: wherein: the standoff includes: a receiving surface, and a first extension and a second extension, wherein the first extension and the second extension extend from the receiving surface, wherein the thermal module covers the receiving surface and includes an indentation located between the first extension and the second extension. 
     Clause 14: further including: a keyboard circuit board located in the base portion; and a shield secured with the keyboard circuit board, wherein the circuit board is positioned between the thermal module and the shield. 
     Clause 15: further including a fastener, wherein the standoff includes a threaded portion that receives the fastener. 
     Clause 16: further including: a power source; a flexible circuit electrically coupled to the power source; a connector that electrically couples the flexible circuit to the circuit board; and a cowling that secures the flexible circuit to the circuit board, wherein the fastener includes a fastener head that engages the cowling and the thermal module. 
     Clause 17: wherein the thermal module includes: a non-metal material; and a metal material, wherein the fastener head engages the metal material. 
     Clause 18: wherein: the first portion is configured to dissipate thermal energy from the heat-generating component, and the second portion is configured to receive at least some of the thermal energy from the first portion. 
     Clause 19: further including a bracket secured with the thermal module at the second portion, wherein the bracket is located laterally with respect to the metal standoff 
     Clause 20: wherein the metal layer contacts and overlaps the metal standoff 
     Clause 21: wherein the thermal module includes a plurality of extensions that separates the first portion from the second portion. 
     It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users. 
     As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” preceding a series of items, with the term “and” or “or” to separate any of the items, modifies the list as a whole, rather than each member of the list (i.e., each item). The phrase “at least one of” does not require selection of at least one of each item listed; rather, the phrase allows a meaning that includes at least one of any one of the items, and/or at least one of any combination of the items, and/or at least one of each of the items. By way of example, the phrases “at least one of A, B, and C” or “at least one of A, B, or C” each refer to only A, only B, or only C; any combination of A, B, and C; and/or at least one of each of A, B, and C. 
     The predicate words “configured to”, “operable to”, and “programmed to” do not imply any particular tangible or intangible modification of a subject, but, rather, are intended to be used interchangeably. In one or more implementations, a processor configured to monitor and control an operation or a component may also mean the processor being programmed to monitor and control the operation or the processor being operable to monitor and control the operation. Likewise, a processor configured to execute code can be construed as a processor programmed to execute code or operable to execute code. 
     Phrases such as an aspect, the aspect, another aspect, some aspects, one or more aspects, an implementation, the implementation, another implementation, some implementations, one or more implementations, an embodiment, the embodiment, another embodiment, some embodiments, one or more embodiments, a configuration, the configuration, another configuration, some configurations, one or more configurations, the subject technology, the disclosure, the present disclosure, other variations thereof and alike are for convenience and do not imply that a disclosure relating to such phrase(s) is essential to the subject technology or that such disclosure applies to all configurations of the subject technology. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may apply to all configurations, or one or more configurations. A disclosure relating to such phrase(s) may provide one or more examples. A phrase such as an aspect or some aspects may refer to one or more aspects and vice versa, and this applies similarly to other foregoing phrases. 
     The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration”. Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” or as an “example” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Furthermore, to the extent that the term “include”, “have”, or the like is used in the description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprise” as “comprise” is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. 
     All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112, sixth paragraph, unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “step for”. 
     The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more”. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Pronouns in the masculine (e.g., his) include the feminine and neuter gender (e.g., her and its) and vice versa. Headings and subheadings, if any, are used for convenience only and do not limit the subject disclosure.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20220617
Publication Date: 20240416
Grant Date: 20240416
Priority Date: 20220617
Inventors: EDMONDS, TREVOR J.
NIGEN, JAY S.
KOSOGLOW, RICHARD D.
HOPKINSON, Ron A.
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H05K1/0203", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/203", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/2039", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K2201/10128", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/021", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K9/0032", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/0203", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K9/0084", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/203", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/2039", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/203", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K1/0209", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K2201/2018", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K2201/10128", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "G06F1/203", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H05K7/2039", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 89133849