PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-9916942-B2
Application Number: US-201314917552-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Sealed button for an electronic device

Abstract:
One embodiment of the disclosure includes an electronic device including an enclosure ( 214 ), a button ( 106 ), and a processing element (not shown). The button is connected to the enclosure and includes a button cap ( 234 ) defining a user input surface, a flexible member ( 238 ) having an interior surface ( 270 ) and exterior surface. The flexible member is aligned with the button cap and is connected thereto. The button further includes a strain sensor ( 244 ) connected to the interior surface of the flexible member, the strain sensor is in communication with the processing element. When a force is exerted on the button cap, the flexible member bends and the strain sensor detects a user input corresponding to the force and provides a signal to the processing element corresponding to the user input. In some embodiments, the button may be substantially or completely waterproof.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. An electronic device comprising:
 an enclosure defining an interior; 
 a button connected to the enclosure, the button comprising: 
 a button cap defining a user input surface; 
 a flexible member separating the interior of the enclosure from an external environment and having an interior surface facing the interior of the enclosure and exterior surface facing the external environment, the flexible member being aligned with the button cap and connected thereto; and 
 a strain sensor connected to the interior surface of the flexible member; and a processing element in communication with the strain sensor; wherein when a force is exerted on the button cap, the flexible member bends; and 
 the strain sensor detects a user input corresponding to the force and provides a signal to the processing element corresponding to the user input. 
 
     
     
       2. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the button cap further comprises a force collector extending from a bottom surface, wherein the force collector aggregates the force and transmits the force to the flexible member. 
     
     
       3. The electronic device of  claim 2 , wherein the button cap and the force collector are integrally formed. 
     
     
       4. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the flexible member and the button cap are integrally formed. 
     
     
       5. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the button is waterproof. 
     
     
       6. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the flexible member is integrally formed with the enclosure. 
     
     
       7. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the strain sensor comprises a strain gauge defining a strain sensitive pattern and at least one communication terminal. 
     
     
       8. The electronic device of  claim 1 , wherein the flexible member is metal or plastic. 
     
     
       9. A waterproof button comprising:
 a button cap configured to move between a first position and a second position; 
 an at least partially flexible metal plate aligned with the button cap; and 
 a strain sensor directly connected to a first surface of the flexible metal plate, the strain sensor comprising: 
 a flexible circuit; and 
 a strain gauge connected to the flexible circuit; wherein 
 the flexible metal plate bends in response to a user input force applied to the button cap in a direction that the user input force is applied, deforming the flexible circuit and the strain gauge. 
 
     
     
       10. The waterproof button of  claim 9 , further comprising a force collector connected to the button cap and positioned between the button cap and the flexible metal plate. 
     
     
       11. The waterproof button of  claim 10 , wherein the force collector is integrally formed with the button cap and aggregates the user input force applied to the button cap. 
     
     
       12. The waterproof button of  claim 9 , further comprising an enclosure at least partially surrounding the button cap, wherein the flexible metal plate is welded to the enclosure. 
     
     
       13. The waterproof button of  claim 9 , further comprising a housing defining a button aperture, wherein the button cap is received through button aperture, wherein the housing is integrally formed with the flexible metal plate. 
     
     
       14. The waterproof button of  claim 9 , further comprising a feedback element connected to the button cap and configured to provide feedback to a user. 
     
     
       15. The waterproof button of  claim 14 , wherein the feedback element is a collapsible dome received within a recess defined by the button cap. 
     
     
       16. A wearable electronic device including the waterproof button of  claim 9 . 
     
     
       17. A waterproof button for an electronic device comprising:
 a user input element; 
 a flexible member aligned with the user input element; and 
 a strain sensor defined on the flexible member, the strain sensor comprising a strain gauge; wherein 
 the strain sensor is deposited directly onto a first surface of the flexible member; and 
 the user input element is coupled to a second surface of the flexible member opposite the first surface. 
 
     
     
       18. The waterproof button of  claim 17 , wherein the strain sensor is deposited on the flexible member through laser direct structuring or plating. 
     
     
       19. The waterproof button of  claim 17 , where the flexible member is plastic. 
     
     
       20. The waterproof button of  claim 17 , wherein the user input element is a button.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a 35 U.S.C. § 371 application of PCT/US2013/059014, filed on Sep. 10, 2013, and entitled “Sealed Button for an Electronic Device,” which is incorporated by reference as if fully disclosed herein. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates generally to electronic devices, and more specifically, to input devices for computing devices. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Many types of electronic devices, such as smart phones, gaming devices, computers, watches, and the like, include input devices, such as buttons or switches to receive user input. Often, these input buttons or switches may include a tactile element to provide feedback to a user as he or she provides input to the button. However, as electronic devices become smaller, space available for buttons and switches, especially those that compress, becomes smaller. Moreover, many buttons and switches for electronic devices may require movable or electronic components and thus require sealing elements to prevent fluids or the like from entering into the enclosure and damaging the electrical components. These sealing elements may increase the size of the space required for the button or may not seal effectively. Therefore, there is a need for buttons and switches that can provide input for electronic devices that can operate in a reduce area and seal the enclosure. 
     SUMMARY 
     One example of the present disclosure includes an electronic device including an enclosure, a button, and a processing element. The button is connected to the enclosure and includes a button cap defining a user input surface, a flexible member having an interior surface and exterior surface. The flexible member is aligned with the button cap and is connected thereto. The button further includes a strain sensor connected to the interior surface of the flexible member, the strain sensor is in communication with the processing element. When a force is exerted on the button cap, the flexible member bends and the strain sensor detects a user input corresponding to the force and provides a signal to the processing element corresponding to the user input. In some embodiments, the button may be substantially or completely waterproof. 
     Another example of the disclosure includes a waterproof button. The waterproof button includes a button cap configured to move between a first position and a second position in response to a user input force. The waterproof button also includes an at least partially flexible metal plate aligned with the button cap and a strain sensor directly connected to a first surface of the flexible metal plate. The strain sensor includes a flexible circuit and a strain gauge connected to the flexible circuit. In use, the flexible metal plate bends in response to a user input force applied to the button cap, deforming the flexible circuit and the strain gauge. 
     Yet another example of the disclosure includes a waterproof button for an electronic device. The waterproof button includes a user input element, a flexible member aligned with the user input element, and a strain sensor defined on the flexible member, the strain sensor includes a strain gauge and is the strain sensor is deposited directly onto the flexible member. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a front perspective view of a first example of an electronic device including a waterproof button. 
         FIG. 2  is a front elevation view of a second example of an electronic device including the waterproof button. 
         FIG. 3  is a cross-section view of the waterproof button taken along line  3 - 3  in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  is a simplified block diagram of the electronic device including the waterproof button. 
         FIG. 5  is a bottom plan view of a flexible member and strain sensor for the waterproof button of  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 6  is a cross-section view of the waterproof button of  FIG. 3  as a user input force is applied thereto. 
         FIG. 7  is a cross-section view of a first example of the waterproof button including an integrally formed housing and flexible member. 
         FIG. 8  is a cross-section view of a second example of the waterproof button including an integrally formed button cap and housing. 
         FIG. 9  is a cross-section view of a third example of the waterproof button including a strain sensor deposited directly onto the flexible member. 
         FIG. 10  is a bottom plan view of the flexible member and strain sensor of  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 11  is a cross-section view of a fourth example of the waterproof button including an integrally formed flexible member and housing with the strain sensor deposited directly on the housing. 
         FIG. 12  is an enlarged cross-section view of a fifth example of the waterproof button including a fastening element for connecting the flexible member to the housing. 
         FIG. 13  is a cross-section view of a sixth embodiment of the waterproof button including a feedback element. 
         FIG. 14  is a cross-section view of a seventh embodiment of the waterproof button including a sealing member. 
         FIG. 15  is a bottom plan view of the sealing member and flexible member of  FIG. 14 . 
     
    
    
     SPECIFICATION 
     Overview 
     Some embodiments herein include a compact electronic device, such as a wearable electronic device, smart phone, portable music player, gaming device, or the like, including a waterproof button. The waterproof button can be compressed to provide user input to the electronic device, even under water, without allowing water or other fluids to enter into the electronic device. In some embodiments, the waterproof button may not require a membrane, such as a rubber gasket, or one or more O-rings, and may still substantially prevent water from entering into the electronic device, even as the button is compressed or otherwise selected. For example, in some embodiments the electronic device may be a watch or other wearable item and the waterproof button may be connected to a sidewall of the watch. In this example, the button may be compressed by a user and move towards the sidewall of the watch as it is compressed. Although the button may move vertically or horizontally relative to the enclosure, the button is configured provide an electrical signal to the electronic device corresponding to the movement, while water may be prevented from entering into the electronic device through the button or around the button. 
     In some embodiments, the waterproof button may include a button cap including a force collector, a flexible member, and a strain sensor mounted to or otherwise connected to the flexible member. The button cap extends at least partially outwards from a sidewall of an enclosure for the electronic device and can be compressed by a user. The force collector may be a nub or extension connected to the bottom of the button cap and the flexible member is connected to or mounted beneath the force collector. A circuit element including a strain sensor is connected to an opposite side of the flexible member from the force collector. In operation, a user presses onto the outer surface of the button cap, causing the button cap to move relative to the enclosure. The force then is collected by the force collector into a reduce area, i.e., focused or aggregated, and transferred to the strain sensor via the flexible member. In particular, as button cap compresses, the force collector presses against the flexible member, causing the flexible member to bend or otherwise deform. The deformation of the flexible member at least partially deforms the circuit element or otherwise causes the strain sensor to detect the user force to the button. 
     The flexible member may be a separate element sealingly attached to the enclosure or housing. Alternatively, the flexible member can be a living hinge formed integrally with the enclosure, such as a thinned portion of a sidewall that is flexible. In many embodiments, the flexible member acts to seal the internal components of the electronic device from the environment surrounding the enclosure. For example, the flexible element may prevent water from entering into the cavity defined by the enclosure, even as the button is compressed. As another example, the flexible element and button cap may be integrally formed. In this example, the button cap and flexible element may be formed in the enclosure or a portion of the enclosure. The button cap and flexible element may have sufficient flexibility so as to at least partially deform or bend in response to a user input force. The deformation of the button cap and flexible element together allow the strain sensor to register the user input to the button cap. In this embodiment, the force collector may be omitted or may be formed integrally with the button cap and flexible element. 
     The waterproof button may also include a feedback element. For example, a collapsible dome or a tactile element can be positioned between the button cap and the flexible member. In this example, the force collector may be connected to a bottom surface of the dome. In operation, as a force is exerted on the button cap, the force is transmitted to the dome, which collapses (at least in part) to provide tactile feedback to the user. The force collector on the bottom of the dome then exerts a force against the flexible member, which causes the flexible member to deform so that the strain sensor can detect the input force. 
     In some embodiments, the waterproof button may further include a sealing plate. The sealing plate may be included in embodiments where the flexible member may not extend between the sidewalls of the enclosure. The sealing plate may be connected on an interior of the enclosure and at least partially surrounds the button cap, the strain sensor, and the flexible member. For example, the sealing plate may act as a lid for the elements of the button assembly positioned on the interior surface of the enclosure. Alternatively or additionally, the waterproof button may include an O-ring or sealing material (e.g., soft polymer) positioned around the button cap and/or force collector. 
     Turning now to the figures, an illustrative electronic device including the waterproof button will now be discussed.  FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an electronic device  100  including a screen  102 , an enclosure  104  substantially surrounding the screen  102 , a plurality of input buttons  110 , and a waterproof button  106 . In the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the electronic device  100  is a smart phone. However, the electronic device may be substantially any type of electronic device that includes user input. 
     The screen  102  may be substantially any type of component that displays visual output. For example, the screen  102  may be a liquid crystal display (LDC), a plasma display, or the like. The screen  102  may also include one or more input sensors, such as a multi-touch sensors, or the like that may detect user input to the screen  102 . 
     The enclosure  104  surrounds the screen  102  as well as one or more of the input buttons  110  and/or the waterproof button  106 . The enclosure  104  generally acts as a housing to protect the internal components of the electronic device  100  and provides a case for the electronic device. 
     The one or more input buttons  110  allow a user to input data to the electronic device  100 . For example, the one or more inputs buttons  110  may include keys including glyphs that correspond to particular inputs. In this example, in the input buttons may form a keyboard, number pad, or command buttons. 
     The waterproof button  106  provides user input to the electronic device  100 . In many embodiments, the waterproof button  106  may be a mechanical component that is physically altered (e.g., moved) by a user and then provides an electronic signal to a processing element corresponding to the user input. The waterproof button  106  will be discussed in more detail below, but generally may be activated by a user without allowing water, fluid, or debris from entering into the electronic device. Although the input buttons  110  have been shown as separate from the waterproof button  106 , in some embodiments, each of the buttons for the electronic device  100  may be waterproof, which may allow the device  100  to be better protected from damage in certain environments. 
     In other embodiments, the waterproof button  106  may be incorporated into a wearable electronic device.  FIG. 2  is a top perspective view of a wearable electronic device including the waterproof button  106 . The wearable electronic device  200  may include a hub  202  or computing center. In embodiments where the electronic device  200  is configured to be worn by a user, the device  200  may include one or more straps  204 ,  206  that may connect to opposite sides of the hub  202 . Each of the straps  204 ,  206  may wrap around a portion of a wrist, arm, leg, chest, or other portion of a user&#39;s body to secure the hub  202  to the user. For example, the ends of each of the straps  204 ,  206  may be connected together by a fastening mechanism  208 . The fastening mechanism  208  can be substantially any type of fastening device, such as, but not limited, to, hook and loop, magnetic fasteners, snaps, buttons, clasps or the like. However, in one embodiment, such as the one shown in  FIG. 2 , the fastening mechanism  208  is a buckle including a prong  234  or other element that can be inserted into one or more apertures  212  in the second strap  206  to secure the first and second straps  204 ,  206  together. 
     The hub  202  of the wearable electronic device generally contains the computing and processing elements of the wearable electronic device  200 . The hub  202  may include a display  216  at least partially surrounded by an enclosure  214 . In some embodiments, the display  216  may form a face of the hub  202  and the enclosure  214  may wrap around the edges and backside of the display  216 . 
       FIG. 3  is an enlarged cross-section view of the wearable electronic device  200  taken along line  3 - 3  in  FIG. 2 . With reference to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the internal components of the wearable device  200  may be contained within a cavity  230  defined by the enclosure  214  and the display  116 . The enclosure  214  protects the internal components of the hub  202 , as well as connects the display  216  to the hub  202 . 
     The enclosure  214  may be constructed out of a variety of materials, such as, but not limited to, plastics, metals, alloys, and so on. The enclosure  214  includes a button aperture  232  (see  FIG. 3 ) that receives at least a portion of the waterproof button  106 . The button aperture  232  defines a gap between two sidewalls  240   a ,  240   b  of the enclosure  214 . Additionally, in some embodiments, the button aperture  232  may vary in diameter from a top surface of the enclosure  214  towards the interior of cavity  230 . For example, a top portion of the enclosure may form a recess  242   a ,  242   b  on either side of the button aperture  232  and a bottom portion of the enclosure may extend in towards the center of the button aperture  232  to define a ledge  246   a ,  246   b  on either side of the button aperture  232 . The ledges  246   a ,  246   b  reduce the size of the button aperture  232  as they extend further inwards than the sidewalls  240   a ,  240   b  defining the top of the button aperture  232 . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the display  216  may be connected to the enclosure  214  through adhesive or other fastening mechanisms. In this example, the display  216  is seated within a recessed portion or groove of the enclosure  214  and the enclosure  214  wraps around the edges of the display  216 . However, in other embodiments, the display and enclosure may be otherwise connected together. 
     The display  216  may be similar to the display  102  and may be substantially any type of display screen or device that can provide a visual output for the wearable device  200 . As an example, the display  216  may be a LCD display, a light emitting diode display, or the like. Additionally, the display  216  may also be configured to receive a user input, such as a multi-touch display screen that receives user inputs through capacitive sensing elements. In many embodiments, the display  216  may be dynamically variable; however, in other embodiments, the display  216  may be a non-electronic component, such as a painted faceplate including numbers (e.g., watch face), that may not dynamically change. 
     The display  216  presents a plurality of icons  218 ,  220  or other graphics that are selectively modifiable. As an example, a first graphic  218  may include a time graphic that changes its characters to represent the time changes, e.g., numbers to represent hours, minutes, and seconds. A second graphic  220  may include a notification graphic, such as, battery life, messages received, or the like. The two graphics  218 ,  220  may be positioned substantially anywhere on the display  216  and may be varied as desired. Additionally, the number, size, shape, and other characteristics of the graphics  218 ,  220  may be changed as well. 
     The waterproof button  106  extends from and attaches to the enclosure  214 . The water proof button  106  will be discussed in more detail below, but generally allows a user to provide input to the wearable electronic device  200 , as well can provide haptic feedback to a user. 
     With reference to  FIG. 4 , various embodiments of the electronic device  100 ,  200  include a plurality of internal processing or computing elements. For example, the electronic devices  100 ,  200  may include a power source  122 , one or more processing elements  124 , a memory component  128 , one or more sensors  126 , and an input/output component  130 . Each of the internal components may be received within the enclosure  104 ,  214  and may be in communication through one or more systems buses  132 , traces, printed circuit boards, or other communication mechanisms. 
     The power source  122  provides power to the components of the electronic device  100 ,  200 . The power source  122  may be a battery or other portable power element. Additionally, the power source  122  may be rechargeable or replaceable. 
     The processing element  124  or processor is substantially any type of device that can receive and execute instructions. For example, the processing element  124  may be a processor, microcomputer, or the like. Additionally, the processing element  124  may include one or more processors and in some embodiments may include multiple processing elements. 
     The one or more sensors  126  may be configured to sense a number of different parameters or characteristics that may be used to influence one or more operations of the electronic device  100 ,  200 . For example, the sensors  126  may include accelerometers, gyroscopes, capacitive sensors, light sensors, image sensors, pressure or force sensors, or the like. As will be discussed in more detail below, one or more of the sensors  126  may be used in conjunction with the input button  110  or separate therefrom, to provide user input to the electronic device  100 ,  200 . 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 4 , the memory component  128  stores electronic data that may be utilized by the electronic device  100 ,  200 . For example, the memory component  128  may store electrical data or content e.g., audio files, video files, document files, and so on, corresponding to various applications. The memory  128  may be, for example, non-volatile storage, a magnetic storage medium, optical storage medium, magneto-optical storage medium, read only memory, random access memory, erasable programmable memory, or flash memory. 
     The input/output interface  130  may receive data from a user or one or more other electronic devices. Additionally, the input/output interface  130  may facilitate transmission of data to a user or to other electronic devices. For example, the input/output interface  130  may be used to receive data from a network, or may be used to send and transmit electronic signals via a wireless or wired connection (Internet, WiFi, Bluetooth, and Ethernet being a few examples). In some embodiments, the input/output interface  130  may support multiple network or communication mechanisms. For example, the network/communication interface  130  may pair with another device over a Bluetooth network to transfer signals to the other device, while simultaneously receiving data from a WiFi or other network. 
     The waterproof button  106  will now be discussed in more detail. With reference again to  FIG. 3 , the waterproof button  106  may include a button cap  234 , a force collector  236 , a flexible member  238 , and a strain sensor  244 . The waterproof button  106  is connected to the enclosure  214  or housing and seals the cavity  230  from water and debris. 
     The button cap  234  forms the exterior surface of the waterproof button  106  and as such may include a cosmetic or aesthetically appealing surface, structure, or appearance. The button cap  234  forms a user input element. In particular, to provide input to the waterproof button  106  the user compresses the top surface of the button cap  234 . In some embodiments the button cap  234  may have a rounded top surface  260  with straight sidewalls. The button cap  234  may be constructed out of a variety of materials and may include one or more coatings, paint layers, or the like. As some non-limiting examples, the button cap  234  may be ceramic, metal, plastic, metal alloys, or the like. 
     A force collector  236  extends from a bottom surface of the button cap  234 . In some embodiments, the force collector  236  may be integrally formed with the button cap  234 . However, in other embodiments, the force collector  236  may be a separate component attached to the button cap  234 . In many embodiments, the force collector  236  may have a reduced width as compared to a bottom surface  264  of the button cap  234 . For example, a bottom surface  266  of the force collector  236  has a smaller surface area than the top surface  260  of the button cap  234 . The force collector  236  may taper as it extends away from the bottom surface  264  of the button cap  234 . In embodiments where the force collector  236  is integrally formed with the button cap  234 , in cross-section, the button cap  234  may have a mushroom shape with the force collector  236  forming the trunk of the mushroom an the button cap  234  extending past the edges of the force collector  236  to define a head of the mushroom shape. 
     The flexible member  238  transfers force experienced by the button cap  234  to the force sensor  244 . The flexible member  238  forms a plate and is sufficiently thin and/or is comprised of a resilient material so as to be at least somewhat flexible. For example, in one embodiment the flexible member  238  may be a stainless steel plate that is thinned so as to bend in response to a user input. As some examples, the flexible member  238  may bend in response to a user applied force between 10 to 50 grams, and as a specific example, 20 grams. However, in other embodiments, the flexible member  238  may be formed from other materials, such as plastics or the like. The flexible member  238  may also be sufficiently rigid to transmit force from the force collector  236  and support the button cap  234 . The flexible member  238  may be formed integrally with the housing or enclosure  214  or may be a separate component. 
     The strain sensor  244  detects deformation of the flexible member  238  and produces an electrical signal.  FIG. 5  is a bottom plan view of the waterproof button  106  illustrating the strain sensor  244 . With reference to  FIG. 5 , the strain sensor  244  may include a strain gauge  250  including a strain sensitive pattern  254  and two terminals  256  connected to the strain sensitive pattern  254 . The strain sensitive pattern  254  is configured to change at least one electrical property in response to a deformation, e.g., increasing or decreasing resistance, and the two terminals  256  provide an electrical signal output. 
     The strain gauge  250  is electrically connected to a flexible connector  258 , such as a flexible circuit (flex) that electrically connects the strain gauge  250  to the processing element  124  of the electrical device  100 ,  200 . As one example, the connector  258  may be a flexible plastic substrate, such as, but not limited to, polyimide, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), or transparent conductive polyester film. The flexible connector  258  forms a substrate for the strain gauge  250  and transfers a bending force to the strain gauge. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 3 and 5 , assembly of the waterproof button  106  will now be discussed in more detail. The strain element  250  is connected to the flexible connector  258 , such as through adhesive, or the like. Alternatively, the strain element  250  may be screen printed, deposited, or otherwise formed on the connector  258  to form the strain sensor  244 . The strain sensor  244  is then connected at connection points  252  to a bottom surface  270  the flexible member  238 . In some embodiments, the strain sensor  244  is welded at weld points to the flexible member  238 . Because the strain gauge  250  is mounted to the flexible connector  258 , which is then attached directly to the flexible member  238 , strain from the flexible member  238  may be directly transferred to the strain sensitive pattern. In particular, by mounting the strain gauges  250  to the connector  258 , such as a flex circuit, prior to mounting the connector to the flexible member  238 , allows the strain gauge to be more easily mounted to the flexible member  238  in a manner that may sufficiently transfer bending motion between the two elements. In some instances, strain gauges can be difficult to mount in order to sufficiently transfer strain from the measured item to the strain gauge. However, in this embodiment, the flexible connector  258  is welded to the flexible member  238  and therefore stretches with the flexible member  238 , stretching the strain gauge  250  correspondingly. However, other attachment mechanisms may be used that connect the strain sensor  244  to the flexible member  238  as long as the attachment allows for strain experienced by the flexible member  238  to be transferred to the strain gauge  250 . 
     Once the strain sensor  244  is connected to the flexible member  238 , the flexible member  238  is connected to the enclosure  214 . In particular, with reference to  FIG. 3 , the flexible member  238  spans the diameter of the button aperture  232  and sits on the top surface of the ledge  246   a ,  246   b  extending into the button aperture  232 . The flexible member  238  may have a sufficiently large width so as to be positioned adjacent the sidewalls  240   a ,  240   b  and the ledges  246   a ,  246   b  may extend underneath a portion of the flexible member  238 . In this manner, the ledges  246   a ,  246   b  support the ends of the flexible member  238  as it spans across the button aperture  232 . The flexible member  238  is connected to the ledges  246   a ,  246   b  in a variety of different manners, such as, but not limited to, adhesive, welding, bonding, or the like. The connection method used may depend on the material used for the enclosure  214  and the flexible member  238 . However, in embodiments where the flexible member  238  is welded to the enclosure, the welding may create a hermetical seal and may prevent the transmission of air, as well as fluids, therebetween. In other embodiments, adhesive, such as pressure sensitive adhesive or liquid glue may be used to connect the flexible member  238  to the enclosure. In these embodiments, pressure that may be exerted on the flexible member from an exterior of the electronic device (e.g., water pressure when the electronic device is positioned under water) may increase the sealing force between the flexible member and the enclosure. 
     As the flexible member  238  extends past the button aperture  232  and sits on the ledges  246   a ,  246 , the flexible member  238  substantially prevents water, fluid, and other debris from entering into the cavity  230 . In other words, the flexible member  238 , which may be non-porous, acts as a seal or lid for the button aperture  232  and prevents water from entering through the button aperture  232  into the cavity  230 . 
     Once the flexible member  238  is connected to the enclosure  214 , the button cap  234  may be connected to the flexible member  238 . In particular, with continued reference to  FIG. 3 , the force collector  236  may be aligned with a location opposing the location of the strain sensor  244  on the bottom  270  of the flexible member  238 . The bottom  266  of the force collector  236  may be positioned on the top surface of the flexible member  238 . Adhesive  248   a ,  248   b  may be positioned on the bottom  264  of the button cap  234  on either side of the force collector  236 . The adhesive  248   a ,  248   b  extends between the bottom  264  of the button cap  234  and the top of the flexible member  238 . The adhesive  248   a ,  248   b  secures the button cap  234  to the flexible member  238  and therefore attaches the button cap  234  to the enclosure  214  via the flexible member  238 . The top surface  260  of the button cap  234  may extend past the top surface  280  of the enclosure  214  or may be flush or recessed from the top surface  280  of the enclosure  214 . 
     Operation of the waterproof button  106  will now be discussed in more detail.  FIG. 6  is a cross-section view of the waterproof button  106  as a force is exerted on the button cap. With reference to  FIG. 6 , as a user provides a force F to the top surface  260  of the button cap  234 , the force is transmitted from the top surface  260  to the force collector  236 . The force collector  236  aggregates the force applied to the top surface  260  and transmits the force to the flexible member  238 . As the force F is transmitted to the flexible member  238 , the flexible member  238  deforms. In other words, the flexible member  238  acts as a beam and withstands the load by bending. In particular, in this example, the top surface  282  of the flexible member  238  experiences a compression force and the bottom surface  270  experiences a tension force. Because the strain sensor  244  is welded (or otherwise directly connected) to the flexible member  238 , the strain sensor  244  experiences the same force experienced by the flexible member  238 . For example, because the strain sensor  244  is mounted to the bottom surface  270  of the flexible member  238 , the strain sensor  244  experiences the tension experienced by the button surface  270  in response to the force. The tension causes the strain sensitive pattern  254  to stretch, varying the electrical signal output through the terminals  256 . The signal is then provided via the connector  258  to the processing element  124 , which registers the user input to the waterproof button  106 . 
     Additional Examples 
     As briefly mentioned above, in some embodiments, the flexible member may be formed integrally with the housing.  FIG. 7  is a cross-section view of another embodiment the waterproof button including a flexible member that is integrally formed with the enclosure. With reference to  FIG. 7 , in this example, the waterproof button  306  may be substantially similar to the waterproof button  106 , but the flexible member  338  may be formed integrally with the housing. In particular, the enclosure  314  includes a thinned portion  346  having a thickness that is less than a thickness of other areas of the enclosure  314 . The thinned portion  346  forms a living hinge to define the flexible member  338 . The thickness of the thinned portion  346  may be sufficiently thin to allow the flexible member  338  to flex in response to a user input force, but may also be sufficiently thick to support the button cap  234 . 
     In one example, the thinned portion  346  may be defined by a button recess  322  defined on an exterior surface  334  of the enclosure  314  and a strain recess  336  defined on an interior surface of the enclosure  314 . However, in one embodiment, the button recess  322  may have a larger diameter than the strain recess  336 . In this embodiment, the thinned portion  346  may have the smallest thickness at a location corresponding to the position of the force collector  236 , which allows the maximum amount of deformation of the flexible member  338  in response to a user force to the button cap  234 . 
     In this embodiment, the button cap  234  may be connected directly to the housing  314  via adhesive  248   a ,  248   b . For example, the adhesive  248   a ,  248   b  may be positioned on the recessed surface  342  of the enclosure  314  that defines the floor of the button recess  322 . 
     The strain sensor  244  may be positioned on an interior surface of the thinned portion  346  and flexible member  338 . The strain sensor  244  may be oriented at a positioned that corresponds to the center of the force collector  236  and may experience the force transmitted via the flexible member  338 . 
     In the waterproof button  306  illustrated in  FIG. 7 , the enclosure  314  may not include an aperture, such that the enclosure may be entirely enclosed, sealing the cavity  230  of the electronic device  100 ,  200  from water, fluids, and other debris. 
     The waterproof button  306  of  FIG. 7  may operate in a manner substantially similar to the waterproof button  106 . However, in this example, the force collector  236  may transmit a user force to the enclosure  314 , in particular, the flexible member  338  formed in the thinned portion  346 . The flexible member  338  bends in response to the force exerted by the force collector, deforming the strain sensor  244 , varying a signal provided by the strain sensor  244  to the processing element. 
     In other embodiments, the button cap and the flexible member may be integrally formed together.  FIG. 8  is a cross-section view of an example of the waterproof button including a button cap integrally formed with the flexible member and enclosure. With reference to  FIG. 8 , in this embodiment the waterproof button  406  includes an enclosure  414  including the button cap  434  and flexible member  438 . For example, the enclosure  414  may include a sidewall and the button cap  434  may extend from the sidewall  416  by a height H such that a top surface  460  of the button cap  434  may be raised relative to a top surface  464  of the enclosure  414 . In this embodiment, the enclosure  414  is a single material or component that is formed to include the button cap  434 . 
     In some embodiments button cap  434  may have an increased thickness as compared to the sidewalls  416  of the enclosure  414 . Alternatively, an interior surface of the enclosure  414  may be recessed or thinned beneath the button cap  434 . In this example, the portion of the enclosure  414  may have an increased flexibility as compared to the sidewalls  416 . However, in either embodiment, the button cap  434  portion of the enclosure  414  may be substantially flexible such that it bends due to a user input force. For example, the enclosure  414  may be a plastic, metal, metal alloy, or other material, that may sufficiently flexible to bend due to a user force, but may be rigid enough to protect the internal components for the electronic device  100 ,  200 . 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 8 , the strain sensor  244  may be connected to the interior surface  462  of the enclosure  414 . In particular, the strain sensor  244  may be connected to the enclosure  414  beneath the button cap  434 . The strain sensor  244  may be connected to the portion of the button cap  434  forming the flexible member  438 . In other words, the strain sensor  244  may be connected to the portion of the button cap  434  and enclosure  414  that is configured to deform due to a user force. In this example, the interior surface  462  of the enclosure  414  defining the flexible member  438  is configured to bend in response to a user exerting a force against the top surface  460  of the button cap  434 . 
     In the waterproof button  406  of  FIG. 8 , the enclosure  414  may be completely or substantially sealed from environmental elements. This is because the button cap  434  is formed integrally with the enclosure  414  and thus the enclosure  414  does not require a button aperture or other opening for the button (or components thereof) to be positioned in. By eliminating the requirement for an opening, while still detecting a user input, the waterproof button  406  may be sealed from water or other elements that could harm the internal components of the electronic device  100 ,  200  typically included in the cavity  230 , e.g., processing elements, memory components, and/or sensors. 
     In some embodiments the strain sensor may be directly deposited onto the flexible member.  FIG. 9  is a cross-section view of the waterproof button including a strain sensor deposited onto the flexible member.  FIG. 10  is an enlarged bottom plan view of the flexible member and strain sensor of  FIG. 9 . With reference initially to  FIG. 9 , the waterproof button  506  in this example may be substantially similar to the waterproof button  106  illustrated in  FIG. 3 . However, in this example, the flexible member  538  may be a material configured to receive electrical traces deposited or plated thereon. As one example, the flexible member  538  may be a plastic material. 
     With reference to  FIG. 9 , the flexible member  538  may be connected to the ledges  246   a ,  246   b  of the enclosure  214  through one or more attachment elements  510   a ,  510   b . In this example the attachment elements  510   a ,  510   b  may connect the edges of the flexible member  538  to the top surface of the ledges  246   a ,  246   b . However, in other embodiments, the attachment elements  510   a ,  510   b  may be connected in other manners to the flexible element  538  and/or enclosure  214 . 
     In some embodiments, the attachment elements  510   a ,  510   b  may further act to seal the cavity  230 . For example the attachment elements  510   a ,  510   b  may seal the space between the edges of the flexible element  538  and the top surface of the ledges  246   a ,  246   b . As one example, the attachment elements  510   a ,  510   b  may be adhesive, bonding points (e.g., ultrasonic welding or chemical bonding) and the elements  510   a ,  510   b  act to substantially prevent water and other elements from entering into the cavity  230  through the button aperture  232 . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 9 and 10 , in this embodiment, the strain sensor  544  includes a strain gauge  550  having a strain sensitive pattern  554  and one or more terminals  556 . The strain gauge  550  may be substantially similar to the strain gauge  250  illustrated in  FIG. 5 . However, in this example, the strain sensitive pattern  554  and terminal  556  may be deposited onto the bottom surface  570  of the flexible member  538 . In other words, a substrate or flex circuit connecting the strain gauge to the flexible member may be omitted. 
     The strain gauge  550  may be deposited onto the bottom surface  570  of the flexible member  538  in a number of different manners, such as, but not limited to, laser direct structuring, electrical plating, or the like. Additionally, the terminals  556  may also function as attachment points to connect the strain gauge  550  to the flexible member  538 . For example, the terminals  556  may include solder points or spring fingers that connect the strain gauge to the flexible member  538 . In some instances, the connection points for the strain gauge, such as the solder points or spring fingers, may be connected to portions of the flexible element  538  that may not bend or may not bend significantly. 
     In some examples, the strain sensor may be deposited directly onto the enclosure of the electronic device.  FIG. 11  is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof button including the strain sensor connected directly to the enclosure. With reference to  FIG. 11 , in this embodiment the waterproof button  606  may be substantially similar to the waterproof button  306  illustrated in  FIG. 7 . In particular, the waterproof button  606  may include a flexible member  338  formed integrally with the enclosure  314 . However, in this example, the flexible member  338  may be a material where conductive trances can be deposited or otherwise formed directly thereon. For example, the enclosure  314  and the flexible member  338  may both be plastic. 
     As shown in  FIG. 11 , the strain sensor  544  may include the strain gauge  550  including the strain sensitive pattern that is deposited directly onto the bottom surface  370  of the flexible member  338 , which in this instance is formed integrally with the enclosure  314 . The strain sensor  544  may be substantially similar to the strain sensor  544  illustrated in  FIG. 10  and may be deposited on the enclosure  314  through laser direct structuring, plating techniques, or the like. 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 11 , in some embodiments, the enclosure  314  may include beveled edges  313   a ,  314   b  as it transitions from a support portion to the flexible member  338 . In particular the sidewalls boarding the sensor recess  336  may be angled as they transition to the flexible member  338 . 
     In some embodiments, the flexible member may connect to the enclosure through a fastening element or bonding element that extends through an aperture in the enclosure.  FIG. 12  is an enlarged cross-section view of a waterproof button including a connection element for connecting the flexible member to the enclosure. With reference to  FIG. 12 , the waterproof button  706  may be substantially similar to the waterproof button illustrated in  FIGS. 3 and 9 . However, in this example, the enclosure  714  may include a boss aperture  743  defined through a ledge  746 . In particular the enclosure  714  may include one or more sidewalls  740  defining the top portion of a button aperture  732  and the ledge  746  may extend from each of the sidewalls  740 . The ledge  746  may be recessed from the exterior surface of the enclosure  714  to define a button recess for the button assembly to sit. The ledge  746  (as shown in  FIGS. 3 and 9  with reference to the ledges  246   a ,  246   b ) may terminate prior to reach the center of the button aperture  732 . 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 12 , the flexible element  738  may include two securing posts  762  that extend from opposing ends thereof. Each securing post  762  may extend from a button surface  770  of the flexible member  738  and may include a rivet head  760  attached to a terminal end. The rivet head  760  may have a larger diameter than the post  762  the rivet head  760  acts to secure the flexible member  738  to the enclosure  714 , and in particular, to the ledge  746 . 
     In this embodiment, the flexible element  738  may be positioned on a top surface of the ledge  746  and the post  762  may be received through the boss aperture  743 . Once the post  762  extends through the boss  743 , the rivet head  760  may be formed or connected to the terminal end of the post  762 . For example, the rivet head  760  may be formed through a heat staking process and the boss or post  762  may be heated and the compressed (e.g., stamped) causing the material to flow outwards expanding the diameter of the end of the post. Once the rivet head  760  is formed, the head  760  seals against the bottom surface of the ledge  746  to seal the boss aperture  743 , as well as prevent the post  762  from being removed from the boss aperture  743 . 
     Additionally, with continued reference to  FIG. 12 , the waterproof button  706  may include a sealing element  710 , such as an O-ring. In this embodiment, the sealing element  710  may be received around the post  720  and seals against the top surface of the ledge  746  and the bottom surface of the flexible member  738 . The sealing element  710  prevents water from reaching the boss aperture  743  to better seal the button  706 . In some implementations, the flexible element  738  is configured to continuously compress the sealing element  710 . As an example, once the rivet head  760  is formed, the head  760  may forces the flexible element  738  against the ledge  746  of the enclosure  714 , which acts to compress the sealing element  710 , ensuring a tight seal between the sealing element  710  and the upper surface of the ledge  746 . 
     In some embodiments, the waterproof button may include a feedback mechanism to provide tactile feedback to a user.  FIG. 13  is a cross-section view of the waterproof button including a feedback mechanism. With reference to  FIG. 13 , the waterproof button  806  may be substantially similar to the waterproof button  106  but may include a feedback element  835 . In particular, button  806  may include a feedback element  835 , such as a collapsible dome or tactile element that provides a tactile feedback when the button cap  834  is compressed. 
     In some examples, the feedback element  835  may be an inverted dome with a base  813  connected to an interior surface of the button cap  834  and a top  811  connected to a force collector  836 . In this manner, the force collector  836  may form an extension from the top  811  of the feedback element  835 . The feedback element  835  may be sufficiently flexible so as to collapse when a user presses down on the button cap  834 , but may have sufficient rigidity to provide a tactical feel as it compresses. 
     In this embodiment, the button cap  834  may include a top surface  860  and two legs  831  extending downwards therefrom. The button cap  834  forms a user engagement surface and a user may compress the button cap  834  to activate the button  806 . The legs  831  of the button cap  834  are connected to a top surface of the flexible member  238  by the adhesive  248   a ,  248   b  or other connection mechanism. When connected to the flexible member  238 , the button cap  834  and flexible member  238  may define a feedback cavity  841  and the feedback element  835  may be received therein. 
     In operation, the user may press on the top surface  860  of the button cap  834  to compress the button cap  834  towards the enclosure  214 . As the button cap  834  experiences a force, the interior surface of the cap  834  exerts a force on the base  813  of the feedback element  835 , causing the feedback element  835  to compress towards its top  811 . The user experiences the collapsing of the feedback element  835  as haptic feedback corresponding to the selection of the button. As the button cap  834  compresses, the cap  834  transfers the force to the force collector  836 , which transmits the force to the flexible member  238 . As with other embodiments, as the force collector  836  exerts a force on the flexible member  238 , the flexible member  238  deforms, causing the strain sensor  244  to register the deformation and provide a signal corresponding to the user input. 
     In some embodiments, the waterproof button may include a sealing member positioned on an interior of the enclosure.  FIG. 14  is a cross-section view of the waterproof button including a sealing member. With reference to  FIG. 14 , in this embodiment, the waterproof button  906  may be substantially similar to the waterproof button  106  shown in  FIG. 3 , but may include a sealing member  906  connected to an interior surface  253  of the enclosure  214 . Additionally, the button cap  934  may include a structure that may be varied as compared to other embodiments. 
     As shown in  FIG. 14 , in some embodiments, the button cap  934  may include a head  932  defining the top surface of the button cap  934  and two legs  933  that extend from the head  932 . The legs  933  may be positioned inwards from a terminal outer edge of the button cap  934 , such that the button cap  934  may have a mushroom-like shape. The button cap  934  may define a cavity  941  or recess between the legs  933  that extends partially into the head  931 . The cavity  941  is configured to receive the feedback element  935 . 
     The sealing member  960  may be a plate or other member and may include a main body  971  having two sidewalls  963  extending at an angle from either end of the main body  971 . In some embodiments, the sealing member  906  may be circular or oval shaped and there may be a single sidewall  963  that extends around the entire perimeter of the main body  971 . The sealing member  960  may be substantially water impermeable and may prevent water from traveling therethrough. 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 14 , assembly of the waterproof button  906  will now be discussed in more detail. The legs  933  of the button cap  934  are inserted into the button aperture  232  and may be positioned adjacent or substantially adjacent to the terminal end of each ledge  246   a ,  246   b  of the enclosure  214 . The ends of the legs  933  that extend through the button aperture  232  may be connected to retaining features  945   a ,  945   b . The retaining features  945   a ,  945   b  are positioned on an interior side of the enclosure  214  within the cavity  230 . The retaining features  945   a ,  945   b  act to secure the legs  933  to the enclosure  214 , while also allowing the button a cap  934  to travel a predetermined distance. As an example, the retaining features  945   a ,  945   b  may be spring members or resilient members that allow the button cap to compress due a user force and spring back to its original location. 
     The flexible member  238  and strain sensor  244  are positioned between each of the legs  933  of the button cap  934  and connected to the retaining features  945   a ,  945   b  and/or enclosure  214  to be secured in position. The feedback element  935  and/or force collector  836  may be received within the button cavity  941  and aligned with the flexible member  238 . In these embodiments, the feedback element  935  may be positioned in a non-waterproof area of the button. In particular, in this embodiment of the waterproof button  906 , the button cap  934  and button aperture  23  may not be sealed from the exterior environment and the dome or other feedback element  935  may exposed to certain elements, such as water. However, in these embodiments, the feedback element  935  may be a tactile or other mechanically based device and may not be used to provide an electrical signal to the processing element, and so may be exposed to certain elements, such as water, without being damaged. 
     In some embodiments, the bottom surface  937  of the head  931  may be positioned above a top surface  251  of the ledges  246   a ,  246   b  by a travel height of T. The travel height T defines the travel distance that the button cap  934  may travel when compressed by a user. The travel height T may be determined in part by the retaining members  945   a ,  945   b  and in particular the flexibility of the retaining members  945   a ,  945   b.    
     With continued reference to  FIG. 14 , the sealing member  960  is connected to the interior surface  253  of the enclosure  214 . The main body  971  of the sealing member  960  may be at least a long as a separation distance between each of the legs  933  of the button cap  934  and corresponding retaining members  945   a ,  945   b . In other words, the sealing member  960  is configured to enclosure the button cap assembly and its corresponding connections to the enclosure  214 . This may help to prevent water or other elements that enter through the button aperture  232  from entering into the cavity  230 . 
     In particular, the top surface of the sidewall  963  of the sealing member  960  seals against the interior surface  253  of the enclosure  214 . The sidewall  963  may be connected to the enclosure  214  by adhesive, laser welding, adhesive, or the like. The sealing member  960  seals the cavity  230  from the button aperture  232 .  FIG. 15  is a bottom plan view of the sealing member connected to the enclosure. With reference to  FIGS. 14 and 15 , the bottom surface  967  of the sealing member  960  may include a communication aperture  977 . The communication aperture  977  may allow one or more communication elements, such as a flex chip connector, wires, or the like, to extend from the strain sensor  244  to the processing element. The flex connector or strain communication elements may extend through the aperture  977  and adhesive  979  or other sealing element may then be injected into the aperture  977 , sealing the aperture  977  and the communication elements. 
     In the various embodiments described herein, the waterproof button may substantially prevent water, fluids, and other elements, such as debris, etc., from being transmitted from an environment of the electronic device  100 ,  200  into a cavity defined within the housing of the electronic device  100 ,  200 . Additionally, the waterproof button may be activated, e.g., compressed or selected by a user, under water without allowing water to be transmitted into the enclosure cavity of the device, while still being able to register a user input signal. In many conventional buttons that include a seal to prevent water ingress, such as a rubber membrane or plunger, the button may not be activated or pressed underwater without damaging the seal. On the contrary, the waterproof button disclosed herein may be pressed while underwater, without allowing the ingress of water and the waterproof button can function while under pressure. As an example, even as the electronic device experiences pressure, such as water pressure, the waterproof button may prevent water from entering into the cavity of the electronic device. 
     CONCLUSION 
     The foregoing description has broad application. For example, while examples disclosed herein may focus on a wearable electronic device, it should be appreciated that the concepts disclosed herein may equally apply to substantially any other type of electronic device. Similarly, although the input button may be discussed with response to a compressible button, the devices and techniques disclosed herein are equally applicable to other types of input structures. Accordingly, the discussion of any embodiment is meant only to be exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20130910
Publication Date: 20180313
Grant Date: 20180313
Priority Date: 20130910
Inventors: SHEDLETSKY ANNA-KATRINA
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H03K17/9625", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03K17/965", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01H2215/004", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01H13/06", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03K17/965", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03K17/9625", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03K17/965", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H03K17/9625", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01H13/06", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H01H2215/004", "inventive": false, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 49237654