PATENT DOCUMENT

Publication Number: US-10587349-B2
Application Number: US-201715474243-A
Country: US
Kind Code: B2

Title: Frequency domain based digital cancellation of modulated spur interference in LTE-CA transceivers

Abstract:
A transceiver that implements a frequency domain cancellation of a transmit (Tx)-modulated spur associated with a transceiver is disclosed. The transceiver comprises a baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a receive signal in frequency domain, associated with an Rx signal path of the transceiver, forming a baseband Rx signal, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur. The transceiver further comprises a baseband Tx path configured to propagate a Tx signal in frequency domain, associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver, thereby forming a baseband Tx signal. In addition, the transceiver comprises a cancellation circuit coupled to the baseband Rx path, configured to receive the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and generate a cancellation signal based thereon, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal.

Claims:
What is claimed is: 
     
       1. A baseband processor associated with a long-term evolution (LTE) transceiver, comprising:
 a baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a baseband Rx signal comprising a frequency domain version of a receive signal associated with an Rx signal path of the transceiver, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur, wherein the unwanted Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the Rx signal path; 
 a baseband Tx path configured to propagate a baseband Tx signal comprising a frequency domain version of the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver; and 
 a cancellation circuit coupled to the baseband Rx path, configured to receive the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and generate a cancellation signal in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal, wherein the cancellation signal is generated based on modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with a correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
 
     
     
       2. The processor of  claim 1 , wherein the cancellation signal is generated by estimating a channel coefficient that is determined based on the correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with the estimated channel coefficient. 
     
     
       3. The processor of  claim 1 , further comprising a signal extraction circuit coupled to the baseband Tx path configured to extract the baseband Tx signal from the baseband Tx path and provide the baseband Tx signal to the cancellation circuit. 
     
     
       4. The processor of  claim 2 , wherein the cancellation circuit comprises a subtraction circuit configured to subtract the cancellation signal from the baseband Rx signal, thereby forming an Rx output signal. 
     
     
       5. The processor of  claim 4 , wherein the cancellation circuit further comprises an estimation circuit configured to:
 receive an error signal comprising the Rx output signal from the subtraction circuit and the baseband Tx signal from the baseband Tx path; and 
 estimate the channel coefficient, based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur component in the error signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
 
     
     
       6. The processor of  claim 5 , wherein the cancellation circuit further comprises an equalization circuit configured to generate the cancellation signal based on modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with the estimated channel coefficient. 
     
     
       7. The processor of  claim 2 , wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a plurality of Rx subcarriers, the Rx subcarriers comprising a wanted portion associated with the wanted Rx signal and an unwanted portion associated with the unwanted Tx modulated spur, and wherein the baseband Tx signal comprises a plurality of Tx subcarriers. 
     
     
       8. The processor of  claim 7 , wherein the channel coefficient comprises a plurality of channel coefficients respectively associated with the plurality of Tx subcarriers and wherein the cancellation circuit is configured to estimate the channel coefficient for each of the Tx subcarrier of the baseband Tx signal based on a frequency domain Tx data on the Tx subcarrier and the unwanted Tx-modulated spur on a corresponding Rx subcarrier of the baseband Rx signal. 
     
     
       9. The processor of  claim 8 , wherein the cancellation signal comprises a plurality of cancellation subcarriers, wherein each of the cancellation subcarriers is generated by modifying a Tx subcarrier with a corresponding estimated channel coefficient. 
     
     
       10. The processor of  claim 2 , wherein the baseband Rx path comprises:
 a first baseband Rx path configured to propagate a first baseband Rx signal having a first frequency associated therewith, wherein the first baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted first Rx signal and an unwanted first Tx modulated spur, and 
 a second baseband Rx path configured to propagate a second baseband Rx signal having a second, different frequency associated therewith, wherein the second baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted second Rx signal and an unwanted second Tx modulated spur. 
 
     
     
       11. The processor of  claim 10 , wherein the cancellation signal comprises a first cancellation signal configured to cancel the unwanted first Tx modulated spur from the first baseband Rx signal. 
     
     
       12. The processor of  claim 11 , wherein the cancellation signal further comprises a second cancellation signal configured to cancel the unwanted second Tx modulated spur from the second baseband Rx signal. 
     
     
       13. The processor of  claim 2 , wherein the baseband Rx path comprises a plurality of baseband Rx paths, wherein each of the baseband Rx paths is configured to propagate a respective baseband Rx signal having a respective frequency associated therewith, and wherein each of the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur. 
     
     
       14. The processor of  claim 13 , wherein the cancellation signal comprises a plurality of cancellation signals configured to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur respectively associated with the baseband Rx signals in the plurality of baseband Rx paths. 
     
     
       15. A baseband processor associated with a carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver, comprising:
 a first baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a first receive signal associated with a first Rx signal path of the transceiver, wherein the first baseband Rx signal comprises a first frequency associated therewith, wherein the first baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted first Rx signal and an unwanted first transmit (Tx) modulated spur, and wherein the unwanted first Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the first Rx signal path; 
 a second baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a second baseband Rx signal comprising a frequency domain version of a second receive signal associated with a second Rx signal path of the transceiver, wherein the second baseband signal comprises a second, different frequency associated therewith, wherein the second baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted second Rx signal and an unwanted second Tx modulated spur, wherein the unwanted second Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver into the second Rx signal path; 
 a baseband Tx path configured to propagate a baseband Tx signal comprising a frequency domain version of the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver; and 
 a cancellation circuit configured to estimate one or more first channel coefficients determined based on a correlation between the unwanted first Tx modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and provide a first cancellation signal in order to cancel the unwanted first Tx modulated spur from the first baseband Rx signal, wherein the first cancellation signal is generated based on modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more first channel coefficients. 
 
     
     
       16. The processor of  claim 15 , wherein the cancellation circuit is further configured to estimate one or more second channel coefficients determined based a correlation between the unwanted second Tx modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and provide a second cancellation signal to the second baseband Rx signal in order to cancel the unwanted second Tx modulated spur from the second baseband Rx signal, wherein the second cancellation signal is generated based on modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more second channel coefficients. 
     
     
       17. The processor of  claim 16 , wherein the cancellation circuit comprises:
 a first cancellation circuit coupled to the first baseband Rx path and configured to generate the first cancellation signal; and 
 a second, different cancellation circuit coupled to the second baseband Rx path and configured to generate the second cancellation signal. 
 
     
     
       18. The processor of  claim 16 , wherein the cancellation circuit comprises a subtraction circuit configured to:
 subtract the first cancellation signal from the first baseband Rx signal, thereby forming a first Rx output signal; and 
 subtract the second cancellation signal from the second baseband Rx signal, thereby forming a second Rx output signal. 
 
     
     
       19. The processor of  claim 18 , wherein the cancellation circuit further comprises an estimation circuit configured to:
 receive a first error signal comprising the first Rx output signal and the baseband Tx signal, and estimate the one or more first channel coefficients based on the first error signal and the baseband Tx signal; and 
 receive a second error signal comprising the second Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and estimate the one or more second channel coefficients based on the second error signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
 
     
     
       20. The processor of  claim 19 , wherein the cancellation circuit further comprises an equalization circuit configured to:
 generate the first cancellation signal based on modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with the estimated one or more first channel coefficients; and 
 generate the second cancellation signal based on modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with the estimated one or more second channel coefficients. 
 
     
     
       21. A method for baseband processor associated with a long term evolution (LTE) transceiver, comprising:
 receiving at a cancellation circuit, a baseband receive (Rx) signal associated with a baseband receive (Rx) path of the transceiver, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a frequency domain version of a receive signal associated with an Rx signal path of the transceiver, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur, wherein the unwanted Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the Rx signal path; 
 receiving at the cancellation circuit, a baseband Tx signal associated with a baseband Tx path of the transceiver, wherein the baseband Tx signal comprises a frequency domain version of the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver; and 
 providing a cancellation signal generated at the cancellation circuit in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal, wherein the cancellation signal is generated based on modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with a correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
 
     
     
       22. The method of  claim 20 , wherein providing the cancellation signal to the baseband Rx signal comprises providing the cancellation signal to a subtraction circuit associated with the cancellation circuit, wherein the subtraction circuit is configured to subtract the cancellation signal from the baseband Rx signal, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal, thereby forming an Rx output signal. 
     
     
       23. The method of  claim 21 , wherein generating the cancellation signal comprises:
 estimating one or more channel coefficients based on the correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, at an estimation circuit associated with the cancellation circuit; and 
 modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more channel coefficients, at an equalization circuit associated with the cancellation circuit, thereby forming the cancellation signal. 
 
     
     
       24. The method of  claim 23 , wherein estimating the one or more channel coefficients comprises:
 receiving at the estimation circuit, an error signal comprising the Rx output signal from the subtraction circuit and the baseband Tx signal; and 
 estimating at the estimation circuit, the one or more channel coefficients based on a correlation between an unwanted modulated spur component in the error signal and the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with a predetermined algorithm. 
 
     
     
       25. The method of  claim 23 , wherein modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more channel coefficient comprises multiplying the baseband Tx signal with the estimated one or more channel coefficients to form the cancellation signal.

Description:
FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to the field of long term evolution (LTE) transceivers, and more specifically to an apparatus and a method for a cancellation of a transmit (Tx)-modulated spur interference in LTE transceivers. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Mobile user equipments (UEs) when operating in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode may face several unpredicted issues. One of the major issues is the transmit (Tx)-modulated spur interference problem that occur in LTE-Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) transceivers. The Tx-modulated spur directly interferes with the wanted signal in LTE-FDD transceivers and causes a severe degradation to its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Carrier Aggregation (CA) is one of the key features in Fourth Generation (4G) Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) mobile communication systems to meet the strong demand for the high data rates from the mobile users and the issue of Tx-modulated spur is dominant in CA scenarios. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Some examples of circuits, apparatuses and/or methods will be described in the following by way of example only. In this context, reference will be made to the accompanying Figures. 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a simplified block diagram of a long-term evolution (LTE) transceiver, according to one embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates an example implementation of a long-term evolution (LTE) carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver, according to one embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an example implementation of a long-term evolution (LTE) carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver, according to another embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates an example implementation of a cancellation circuit associated with a long-term evolution (LTE) carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver, according to one embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 5  depicts a flow diagram of a method associated with a baseband processor of a long-term evolution (LTE) carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver, according to one embodiment of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In one embodiment of the disclosure, a baseband processor associated with a long-term evolution (LTE) transceiver is disclosed. The baseband processor comprises a baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a receive signal in frequency domain, associated with an Rx signal path of the transceiver, forming a baseband Rx signal, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur, wherein the unwanted Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the Rx signal path; and a baseband Tx path configured to propagate a Tx signal in frequency domain, associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver, thereby forming a baseband Tx signal. Further, the baseband processor comprises a cancellation circuit coupled to the baseband Rx path, configured to receive the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and generate a cancellation signal to the baseband Rx signal, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal, wherein the cancellation signal is generated based on the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
     In one embodiment of the disclosure, a baseband processor associated with a carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver is disclosed. The baseband processor comprises a first baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a first receive signal in frequency domain, associated with a first Rx signal path of the transceiver, forming a first baseband Rx signal having a first frequency associated therewith, wherein the first baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted first Rx signal and an unwanted first transmit (Tx) modulated spur, wherein the unwanted first Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the first Rx signal path, and a second baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a second receive signal in frequency domain, associated with a second Rx signal path of the transceiver, forming a second baseband Rx signal having a second, different frequency associated therewith, wherein the second baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted second Rx signal and an unwanted second Tx modulated spur, wherein the unwanted second Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver into the second Rx signal path. In some embodiments, the baseband processor further comprises a baseband Tx path configured to propagate a Tx signal in frequency domain, associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver, thereby forming a baseband Tx signal; and a cancellation circuit configured to estimate one or more first channel coefficients determined based on a correlation between the unwanted first Tx modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and provide a first cancellation signal to the first baseband Rx signal in order to cancel the unwanted first Tx modulated spur from the first baseband Rx signal, wherein the first cancellation signal is generated based on modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more first channel coefficients. 
     In one embodiment of the disclosure, a method for baseband processor associated with a long term evolution (LTE) transceiver is disclosed. The method comprises receiving at a cancellation circuit, a baseband receive (Rx) signal, associated with a baseband receive (Rx) path of the transceiver, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal associated with an Rx signal path of the transceiver and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur in frequency domain, wherein the unwanted Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the Rx signal path and receiving at the cancellation circuit, a baseband Tx signal, associated with a baseband Tx path of the transceiver, wherein the baseband Tx signal comprises the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver in frequency domain. The method further comprises providing a cancellation signal generated at the cancellation circuit to the baseband Rx signal, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal, wherein the cancellation signal is generated based on the received baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
     The present disclosure will now be described with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout, and wherein the illustrated structures and devices are not necessarily drawn to scale. As utilized herein, terms “component,” “system,” “interface,” “circuit” and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, hardware, software (e.g., in execution), and/or firmware. For example, a component can be a processor (e.g., a microprocessor, a controller, or other processing device), a process running on a processor, a controller, an object, an executable, a program, a storage device, a computer, a tablet PC and/or a user equipment (e.g., mobile phone, etc.) with a processing device. By way of illustration, an application running on a server and the server can also be a component. One or more components can reside within a process, and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. A set of elements or a set of other components can be described herein, in which the term “set” can be interpreted as “one or more.” 
     Further, these components can execute from various computer readable storage media having various data structures stored thereon such as with a module, for example. The components can communicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network, such as, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, or similar network with other systems via the signal). 
     As another example, a component can be an apparatus with specific functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric or electronic circuitry, in which the electric or electronic circuitry can be operated by a software application or a firmware application executed by one or more processors. The one or more processors can be internal or external to the apparatus and can execute at least a part of the software or firmware application. As yet another example, a component can be an apparatus that provides specific functionality through electronic components without mechanical parts; the electronic components can include one or more processors therein to execute software and/or firmware that confer(s), at least in part, the functionality of the electronic components. 
     Use of the word exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or”. That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles “a” and “an” as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “including”, “includes”, “having”, “has”, “with”, or variants thereof are used in either the detailed description and the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising.” 
     The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers may be used in different drawings to identify the same or similar elements. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as particular structures, architectures, interfaces, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various aspects of various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure that the various aspects of the various embodiments may be practiced in other examples that depart from these specific details. In certain instances, descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the various embodiments with unnecessary detail. 
     As indicated above, the LTE FDD transceivers have a Tx-modulated spur interference problem associated therewith. In some embodiments, the Tx-modulated spur causes a significant degradation of an SNR of the wanted signal in LTE transceivers. Further, in some embodiments, the Tx-modulated spur problem restricts the use of several CA band combinations in LTE-CA and multi sim transceivers. Addressing this issue is of high importance as it enables more CA combinations (feature enabling), reduce RF isolation requirements and also scale downs the severity of the issue in the case of introducing higher downlink and/or uplink-CA in future. The issue of Tx-modulated spur typically appears when an RF transceiver operates in Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) mode and becomes more dominant in CA scenarios. 
     In some embodiments, a modulated Tx signal from a transmitter associated with the LTE FDD transceiver leaks into a receiver (Rx) chain associated with the transceiver through a duplex filter. Although, the duplex filter reduces the amount of Tx signal leaking into the Rx chain, but the level of suppression is not sufficient in some embodiments. Further, due to the intermixing of the frequencies generated from multiple clock domains (reference clocks, ADC clocks, Rx-LOs), associated with the receive chain, a spur can occur at a frequency close to the duplex (transmit) frequency and appear at the Rx-LO side of the Rx chain. In addition, in some embodiments, when the transceiver in working in carrier aggregation (CA) mode, the Rx chain can comprise a plurality of receive paths and the harmonics of the Rx-local oscillators (LOs), each Rx-LO associated with a respective Rx path in the Rx chain, intermix with one another and produce spurs close to the transmit frequency. In such embodiments, the spur can occur at the Rx-LO side of one or more Rx paths associated with the Rx chain. This generated spur mix with the leaked Tx modulated signal and down converts the signal to the baseband, forming the Tx-modulated spur. In some embodiments, this down converted signal (i.e., the Tx-modulated spur) interferes with the wanted Rx signal which degrades noise figure (NF) of the transceiver significantly. 
     Existing solutions to mitigate the Tx-modulated spur problem include analog solutions like improved front end selectivity with high cost external filters to suppress the leaked Tx signal, improved on-chip isolation to minimize spur level at mixers and Low IF to avoid modulated spurs interfering the wanted signal which requires high (Image rejection ratio) IRR and high ADC bandwidth. The existing analog solutions, however, adversely affect the key performance indicators (KPIs) of radio frequency (RF) transceivers, thereby demanding active digital cancellation techniques. Therefore, an apparatus and a method for implementing a frequency domain digital cancellation technique for mitigating the Tx-modulated spur interference problem in LTE-FDD transceivers is proposed in this disclosure. The basic idea proposed herein is to actively mitigate the Tx-modulated spur interference in frequency domain by utilizing the Rx signal (wanted Rx signal+unwanted Tx-modulated spur) and the Tx signal in frequency domain. 
     In typical implementations of LTE transceiver, the Tx signal is a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal, and therefore, the whole Tx-signal is available in frequency domain, in a baseband processor of the LTE transceiver. Further, in the receiver side, in LTE, the Rx signal is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal and is typically converted to frequency domain (FFT) and processed in the baseband processor. The proposed idea is based on the fact that, since the Rx signal (wanted Rx signal+Tx-interference) is converted to frequency domain in the baseband processor, the Tx-interference in the Rx signal can be removed by using already available frequency domain Tx signal (i.e., the SC-FDMA signal) within the baseband processor. In some embodiments, the proposed frequency domain digital cancellation technique enables to utilize the existing hardware platform associated with LTE transceivers, to effectively mitigate the modulated spurs. In some embodiments, the proposed frequency domain digital cancellation technique offer a very low complex interference cancellation, compared to existing time domain digital cancellation techniques. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a simplified block diagram of a long-term evolution (LTE) transceiver  100 , according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The LTE transceiver  100  comprises an antenna  102 , a duplexer  104 , a receive (Rx) chain  106 , a transmit (Tx) chain  107  and a baseband processor  110 . The antenna  102  is configured to receive an Rx signal  103  and provide the Rx signal  103  to the Rx chain  106 , via the duplexer  104 , thereby forming the overall Rx signal  116 , during a receive mode of operation of the transceiver  100 . The antenna  102  is further configured to transmit a Tx signal  135  associated with the Tx chain  107 , during a transmit mode of operation of the transceiver  100 . In frequency division duplex (FDD) mode, both the receive operation and the transmit operation occur simultaneously and due to the limited isolation provided by the duplexer  104 , a portion of the Tx signal  135  from the Tx chain  107  leaks into the Rx chain  106 . Therefore, in some embodiments, the overall Rx signal  116  comprises a wanted Rx signal and a Tx leakage signal. In some embodiments, the wanted Rx signal comprise the Rx signal  103  and some noise associated therewith, for example, thermal noise. In some embodiments, the Tx signal  135  is heavily shaped by the duplexer stop band transfer function to form the Tx leakage signal in the overall Rx signal  116 . 
     The Rx chain  106  is configured to propagate the overall Rx signal  116  from the duplexer  104  to the baseband processor  110 . The Rx chain  106  comprises an Rx circuit  108  configured to process the overall Rx signal  116  to generate a digital Rx signal  118 . In some embodiments, the receive circuit  108  can comprise an analog front end circuit comprising a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a mixer etc. configured to down convert the overall Rx signal  116  to a baseband frequency range. In some embodiments, the Rx circuit  108  can further comprise a digital front end circuit comprising a low-pass filter (LPF), an analog to digital converter (ADC) etc. configured to convert the down converted Rx signal to the digital Rx signal  118 . In some embodiments, the digital Rx signal  118  is in time domain. In some embodiments, the transceiver  100 , while working in carrier aggregation (CA) mode, is configured to receive a plurality of Rx signals at different frequencies. In such embodiments, the Rx signal  103  can comprise a plurality of Rx signals, and the Rx chain  106  can comprise a plurality of Rx paths (not shown), each of the Rx paths configured to receive an Rx signal at a particular frequency. In such embodiments, each of the Rx paths can have a respective Rx circuit (e.g., the Rx circuit  108 ), associated therewith. 
     In some embodiments, due to the intermixing of the frequencies generated from multiple clock domains (Reference clocks, ADC clocks, Rx-LOs) within an Rx path, a spur can occur at the frequency close to the duplex (transmit) frequency. Further, in some embodiments, when the transceiver  100  is operating in the CA mode, the harmonics of the Rx-local oscillators (LOs), each Rx-LO associated with a respective Rx path in the Rx chain  106 , intermix with one another and produce spurs close to the transmit frequency in one or more Rx paths. In some embodiments, the spur generated can appear at the Rx-LO side, of the Rx path (or on one or more Rx paths in CA mode). This spur mixes down the Tx leakage signal in the overall Rx signal (e.g., the overall Rx signal  116 ) into the receiver baseband, in the one or more of the respective Rx paths and forms a Tx-modulated spur that heavily degrades the receiver performance. Therefore, in such embodiments, the digital Rx signal (e.g., the digital Rx signal  118 ) at the output of the Rx circuit associated with the respective Rx paths comprises a wanted Rx signal and a Tx-modulated spur, further details of which are given in embodiments below. In some embodiments, this Tx-modulated spur heavily degrades the noise figure (NF) of the transceiver  100 . 
     Referring back to  FIG. 1  again, in this embodiment, for the ease of explanation, the receive chain  107  is shown to include only one Rx path. However, in other embodiments, for example, while the transceiver is working in the CA mode, the Rx chain  106  can comprise a plurality of Rx paths. The baseband processor  110  is coupled to the output of the Rx circuit  108  and is configured to receive the digital Rx signal  118 . In some embodiments, the digital Rx signal  118  comprises a time domain signal. The baseband processor  110  comprises an FFT block  112  coupled to the Rx chain  106  and configured to convert the digital Rx signal  118  into frequency domain, thereby forming a baseband Rx signal  122 . The baseband processor  110  further comprises a baseband Rx path  120  configured to propagate the baseband Rx signal  122  for further processing. In some embodiments, the baseband Rx signal  122  comprises a wanted Rx signal and an unwanted Tx-modulated spur, in frequency domain. In some embodiments, when the transceiver  100  is working in the CA mode, the baseband Rx path  120  can also comprise a plurality of baseband Rx paths, respectively associated with the plurality of Rx paths associated with the Rx chain  106 . 
     The baseband processor  110  further comprises a cancellation circuit  114  coupled to the baseband Rx path  120  and configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal  122 , thereby generating an Rx output signal  124 . When the transceiver  100  is working in the CA mode, in some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  114  is configured to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the one or more baseband Rx paths associated with the Rx chain  106 . Alternately, in other embodiments, the cancellation circuit  114  can comprise a plurality of cancellation circuits, each cancellation circuit associated with a respective baseband Rx path, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the corresponding baseband Rx path. For instance, in one example embodiment, the cancellation circuit  114  can comprise a first cancellation circuit associated with a first baseband Rx path and a second cancellation circuit associated with a second baseband Rx path for cancelling the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx path and the second baseband Rx path, respectively, associated with the Rx chain  106 . 
     The baseband processor  110  further comprises a baseband Tx path  126  configured to propagate a baseband Tx signal  132  to the antenna  102 . In some embodiments, the baseband Tx signal  132  comprises a frequency domain version of the Tx signal  135 . In some embodiments, the Tx signal  135  comprises a single carrier frequency domain multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal. In some embodiments, the baseband processor  110  further comprises a signal extraction circuit  115  configured to extract the baseband Tx signal  132  from the baseband Tx path  126  and provide the baseband Tx signal  132  to the cancellation circuit  114 . In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  114  is configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal  122 , based on the baseband Rx signal  122  and the baseband Tx signal  132 . 
     In some embodiments, the baseband processor  110  further comprises an IFFT circuit  130  configured to convert the baseband Tx signal  126  in frequency domain to a digital Tx signal  134  in time domain and provide the digital Tx signal  134  to the Tx chain  107 . The Tx chain  107  comprises a Tx circuit  109  configured to process the digital Tx signal  134 , to form the Tx signal  135 . In some embodiments, the Tx circuit  109  can comprise a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to convert the digital Tx signal  134  to an analog signal. In some embodiments, the Tx circuit  109  can further comprise a modulation circuit (e.g., an amplitude modulator, a phase modulator, IQ modulator etc.) to generate a modulated Tx signal comprising the Tx signal  135 , for transmission. In some embodiments, in CA transceivers, the Tx chain  107  can comprise one or more Tx paths for propagating a respective Tx signal having a specific frequency associated therewith (not shown), each Tx path having a Tx circuit (e.g., the Tx circuit  109 ) associated therewith. In such embodiments, the baseband Tx path  126  associated with the baseband processor  110  can also comprise one or more baseband Tx paths respectively coupled to the one or more Tx paths. In such embodiments, the cancellation circuit  114  can be configured to receive baseband Tx signals from the one or more baseband Tx paths, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the one or more baseband Rx paths associated with the baseband processor  110 . 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an example implementation of a long-term evolution (LTE) carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver  200 , according to one embodiment of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the transceiver  200  depicts one possible way of implementing the transceiver  100  in  FIG. 1 . However, other implementations of the transceiver  100  are also contemplated to be within the scope of this disclosure. The LTE-CA transceiver  200  comprises an antenna  202 , a duplexer  204 , a receive (Rx) chain  206 , a transmit (Tx) chain  207  and a baseband processor  210 . The antenna  202  is configured to receive an Rx signal  203  and provide the Rx signal  203  to the Rx chain  206 , via the duplexer  204 , thereby forming the overall Rx signal  216 , during a receive mode of operation of the transceiver  200 . The antenna  202  is further configured to transmit a Tx signal  235  associated with the Tx chain  207 , during a transmit mode of operation of the transceiver  200 . Due to the limited isolation provided by the duplexer  204 , a portion of the Tx signal  235  from the Tx chain  207  leaks into the Rx chain  206 , during a frequency division duplex (FDD) mode. Therefore, in some embodiments, the overall Rx signal  216  comprises a wanted Rx signal and a Tx leakage signal. 
     The Rx chain  206  is configured to propagate the overall Rx signal  216  from the duplexer  204  to the baseband processor  210 . In some embodiments, for example, when the transceiver  200  is working in a CA mode, the Rx signal  203  comprises a plurality of Rx signals at different Rx frequencies. Therefore, the overall Rx signal  216  also comprises a plurality of wanted signals at different Rx frequencies. In this embodiment, the Rx chain  206  comprises a first Rx path  206   a  configured to receive a first overall Rx signal  216   a  at a first Rx frequency and a second Rx path  206   b  configured to receive a second overall Rx signal  216   b  at a second, different Rx frequency. In other embodiments, however, the Rx chain  206  can comprise a plurality of Rx paths, in order to receive overall Rx signals at a plurality of different Rx frequencies. 
     The first Rx path  206   a  comprises a first Rx circuit  208  configured to process the first overall Rx signal  216   a  to generate a first digital Rx signal  213 . Further, the second Rx path  216   b  comprises a second Rx circuit  209  configured to process the second overall Rx signal  216   b  to generate a second digital Rx signal  218 . The first Rx circuit  208  comprises a low noise amplifier (LNA)  208   a  configured to amplify the first overall Rx signal  216   a  to form the amplified first overall Rx signal  208   e  and a first mixer  208   b  configured to down-convert the amplified first overall Rx signal  208   e  to a down-converted first Rx signal  208   f.  Further, the first Rx circuit  208  comprises low-pass filter  208   c  configured to filter the down-converted first Rx signal  208   f  and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)  208   d  configured to digitize the down-converted first Rx signal  208   f  to form the first digital Rx signal  213 . Similarly, the second Rx circuit  209  comprises a low noise amplifier (LNA)  209   a  configured to amplify the second overall Rx signal  216   b  to form the amplified second overall Rx signal  209   e  and a second mixer  209   b  configured to down-convert the amplified second overall Rx signal  209   e  to a down-converted second Rx signal  209   f.  Further, the second Rx circuit  209  comprises low-pass filter  209   c  configured to filter the down-converted second Rx signal  209   f  and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)  209   d  configured to digitize the down-converted second Rx signal  209   f  to form the second digital Rx signal  218 . In other embodiments, however, the first Rx circuit  208  and the second Rx circuit  209  can comprise more or less than the above components. 
     In some embodiments, the harmonics of the Rx-local oscillators (LOs), for example, f rx1    208   g  and f rx2    209   g,  intermix with one another and produce spurs, for example, f spur    208   h,  close to the transmit frequency f tx . In some embodiments, f spur    208   h  may also be generated due to the intermixing of the frequencies generated from multiple clock domains, for example, reference clocks, ADC clocks, Rx-LOs, associated with a single Rx path (the Rx path  206   a ). In such embodiments, a spur, for example, f spur    208   h,  appear at the Rx-LO side, in one or more Rx paths. In this embodiment, the f spur  is shown to occur only in the first Rx path  206   a,  however, in other embodiments, the f spur  can occur on both the first Rx path  206   a  and the second Rx path  206   b.  This spur, that is, f spur    208   h  mixes down the Tx leakage signal in the amplified first overall Rx signal  208   e  into the receiver baseband and forms a Tx-modulated spur in the down-converted first Rx signal  208   f  that heavily degrades the receiver performance. Therefore, the first digital Rx signal  213  at the output of the first Rx circuit  208  comprises a wanted Rx signal and a Tx-modulated spur. In other embodiments, if the f spur  occur in the second Rx path (i.e., associated with the Rx-LO  209   g ), then the second digital Rx signal  218  at the output of the second Rx circuit  209  can also comprise a wanted Rx signal and a Tx-modulated spur. 
     The baseband processor  210  is coupled to the output of the first Rx circuit  208  associated with the first Rx path  206   a  and the second Rx circuit  209  associated with the second Rx path  206   b,  and is configured to receive the first digital Rx signal  213  and the second digital Rx signal  218 . In some embodiments, the first digital Rx signal  213  and the second digital Rx signal  218  comprise time domain signals. The baseband processor  210  comprises an FFT block  212  coupled to the first Rx path  206   a  and configured to convert the first digital Rx signal  213  into frequency domain, thereby forming a first baseband Rx signal  222 . The baseband processor  210  further comprises a first baseband Rx path  220  configured to propagate the first baseband Rx signal  122  for further processing. In some embodiments, the first baseband Rx signal  222  comprises a wanted first Rx signal and an unwanted Tx-modulated spur, in frequency domain. The baseband processor  210  further comprises an FFT block coupled to the second Rx path  206   b  (not shown for the ease of reference) and configured to convert the second digital Rx signal  218  into frequency domain, thereby forming a second baseband Rx signal (not shown), as can be seen in  FIG. 3  below. The baseband processor  210  can further comprise a second baseband Rx path (not shown) configured to propagate the second baseband Rx signal for further processing. 
     The baseband processor  210  further comprises a cancellation circuit  214  coupled to the first baseband Rx path  220  and configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  222 , thereby generating an Rx output signal  224 . In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  214  can also be coupled to the second baseband path, as can be seen in  FIG. 3  below. In some embodiments, if the second baseband Rx signal comprises a Tx-modulated spur, the cancellation circuit  214  can also be configured to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal in the second baseband path associated with the second Rx path  206   b.  In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  214  can comprise a first cancellation circuit coupled to the first baseband signal path  220  and a second cancellation circuit coupled to the second baseband signal path for cancelling the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first Rx path  206   a  and the second Rx path  206   b,  respectively. 
     In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  214  is configured to generate a cancellation signal indicative of the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal (e.g., the first baseband Rx signal  222 ), and subtract the cancellation signal from the first baseband Rx signal  222 , in order to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  222 , detailed explanations of which are provided in an embodiment below. In some embodiments, the cancellation signal is generated at the cancellation circuit  214  based on an estimation of a channel coefficient that is determined based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the Rx output signal  224  and the baseband Tx signal  232 , and modifying the baseband Tx signal  232  in accordance with the estimate of the channel coefficient. In some embodiments, the channel coefficient is estimated within the cancellation circuit  214 . In some embodiments, the channel coefficient for modifying the baseband Tx signal  232  can comprise one or more channel coefficients corresponding to one or more Tx subcarriers associated with the baseband Tx signal  232 . 
     Further, in some embodiments, modifying the baseband Tx signal  232  in accordance with the estimated channel coefficient, comprises multiplying the baseband Tx signal  232  with the estimated channel coefficient, in order to generate the cancellation signal that is indicative of the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  222 . In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  214  is configured to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  222  on a subcarrier basis. In frequency domain, the first baseband Rx signal  222  can be viewed as N independent and orthogonal Rx subcarriers, where on each Rx subcarrier lies a wanted Rx portion and an unwanted Tx-modulated spur portion. Therefore, in such embodiments, the unwanted Tx-modulated spur on each of the Rx subcarriers are independently estimated and cancelled, further details of which are provided in an embodiment below. 
     The baseband processor  210  further comprises a baseband Tx path  226  configured to propagate a baseband Tx signal  232  to the antenna  202 . In some embodiments, the baseband Tx signal  232  comprises a frequency domain version of the Tx signal  235 . In some embodiments, the Tx signal  235  comprises a single carrier frequency domain multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal. In some embodiments, the baseband processor  210  further comprises a signal extraction circuit  215  configured to extract the baseband Tx signal  232  from the baseband Tx path  226  and provide the baseband Tx signal  232  to the cancellation circuit  214 . In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  214  is configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  222 , based on the first baseband Rx signal  222  and the baseband Tx signal  232 . 
     In some embodiments, the baseband processor  210  further comprises an IFFT circuit  230  configured to convert the baseband Tx signal  226  in frequency domain to a digital Tx signal  217  in time domain and provide the digital Tx signal  217  to the Tx chain  207 . The Tx chain  207  comprises a Tx circuit  211  configured to process the digital Tx signal  217 , to form the Tx signal  235 . In some embodiments, the Tx circuit  211  comprises an 10-polar converter  211  to convert the digital Tx signal  217  from IQ domain to polar domain, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC)  211   b  to convert the digital Tx signal  217  to an analog Tx signal, a polar modulation circuit (e.g., an amplitude modulator  211   c  and a phase modulator  211   d ) configured to convert the analog Tx signal to a modulated Tx signal and a power amplifier (PA)  211   e  to amplify the modulated Tx signal to form the Tx signal  235 . However, in other embodiments, the Tx circuit  211  can comprise more or less than the above components. In some embodiments, the Tx circuit  211  can comprise a Tx IQ modulator circuit, instead of polar modulation circuit described above. In such embodiments, the 10-polar converter  211  may eliminated from the Tx circuit  211 . 
     In some embodiments, in CA transceivers, the Tx chain  207  can comprise one or more Tx paths for propagating a respective Tx signal at a specified frequency (not shown), each Tx path having a Tx circuit (e.g., the Tx circuit  211 ) associated therewith. In such embodiments, the baseband Tx path  226  associated with the baseband processor  210  can also comprise one or more baseband Tx paths respectively coupled to the one or more Tx paths. In such embodiments, the cancellation circuit  214  can be configured to receive baseband Tx signal from the one or more baseband Tx paths, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the one or more baseband Rx paths associated with the baseband processor  210 . For example, in some embodiments, if it is known that the Tx signal from a first Tx path of the one or more Tx paths is causing interference in the overall Rx signal  216   a  in the first Rx path  206   a,  then the cancellation circuit  214  can be configured to utilize the first baseband Tx signal associated with the first Tx path, to achieve the cancellation of the Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  222 . However, in other embodiments, if it is known that the Tx signal from a second Tx path of the one or more Tx paths is causing interference in the overall Rx signal  216   a  in the first Rx path  206   a,  then the cancellation circuit  214  can be configured to utilize the second baseband Tx signal associated with the second Tx path, to achieve the cancellation of the Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  222 . 
       FIG. 3  illustrates an example implementation of a long-term evolution (LTE) carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver  300 , according to another embodiment of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the transceiver  300  depicts another possible way of implementing the transceiver  100  in  FIG. 1 . In some embodiments, the transceiver  300  is similar to the transceiver  200  in  FIG. 2 , with the cancellation circuit configured to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in both the first Rx path and the second Rx path, rather than for just the first Rx path as explained in  FIG. 2 . The LTE-CA transceiver  300  comprises an antenna  302 , a duplexer  304 , a receive (Rx) chain  306 , a transmit (Tx) chain  307  and a baseband processor  310 . The antenna  302  is configured to receive an Rx signal  303  and provide the Rx signal  303  to the Rx chain  306 , via the duplexer  304 , thereby forming the overall Rx signal  316 , during a receive mode of operation of the transceiver  300 . The antenna  302  is further configured to transmit a Tx signal  335  associated with the Tx chain  307 , during a transmit mode of operation of the transceiver  300 . Due to the limited isolation provided by the duplexer  304 , a portion of the Tx signal  335  from the Tx chain  307  leaks into the Rx chain  306 , during a frequency division duplex (FDD) mode. Therefore, in some embodiments, the overall Rx signal  316  comprises a wanted Rx signal and a Tx leakage signal. 
     The Rx chain  306  is configured to propagate the overall Rx signal  316  from the duplexer  304  to the baseband processor  310 . In some embodiments, for example, when the transceiver  300  is working in a CA mode, the Rx signal  303  comprises a plurality of Rx signals at different Rx frequencies. Therefore, the overall Rx signal  316  also comprises a plurality of wanted Rx signals at different Rx frequencies. In this embodiment, the Rx chain  306  comprises a first Rx path  306   a  configured to receive a first overall Rx signal  316   a  at a first Rx frequency and a second Rx path  306   b  configured to receive a second overall Rx signal  316   b  at a second, different Rx frequency. The first Rx path  306   a  comprises a first Rx circuit  308   a  configured to process the first overall Rx signal  316   a  to generate a first digital Rx signal  318   a.  Further, the second Rx path  306   b  comprises a second Rx circuit  308   b  configured to process the second overall Rx signal  316   b  to generate a second digital Rx signal  318   b.  The first Rx circuit  308   a  and the second Rx circuit  308   b  can be implemented in the same way as the first Rx circuit  208  in  FIG. 2  and the second Rx circuit  209  in  FIG. 2 , respectively, however, is shown in a simplified way herein for easier reference. 
     Due to the leakage of the Tx signal  335  to the Rx chain  306  and also due to the intermixing of Rx-LOs from different Rx paths (e.g., the first Rx path  306   a  and the second Rx path  306   b ), or due to the intermixing of frequencies generated from multiple clock domains associated with a single Rx path, unwanted Tx-modulated spurs occur, as explained above with respect to  FIG. 2  above. In this embodiment, the unwanted Tx-modulated spur is assumed to occur on both the first Rx path  306   a  and the second Rx path  306   b.  Therefore, the both the first digital Rx signal  318   a  and the second digital Rx signal  318   b  comprises unwanted Tx-modulated spurs. The baseband processor  310  is coupled to the output of the first Rx circuit  308   a  associated with the first Rx path  306   a  and the second Rx circuit  308   b  associated with the second Rx path  306   b,  and is configured to receive the first digital Rx signal  318   a  and the second digital Rx signal  318   b.  In some embodiments, the first digital Rx signal  318   a  and the second digital Rx signal  318   b  comprise time domain signals. 
     The baseband processor  310  comprises a first FFT block  312   a  coupled to the first Rx path  306   a  and configured to convert the first digital Rx signal  318   a  into frequency domain, thereby forming a first baseband Rx signal  322   a  in frequency domain. The baseband processor  310  further comprises a second FFT block  312   b  coupled to the second Rx path  306   b  and configured to convert the second digital Rx signal  318   b  into frequency domain, thereby forming a second baseband Rx signal  322   b.  The baseband processor  310  further comprises a first baseband Rx path  320   a  configured to propagate the first baseband Rx signal  322   a  and a second baseband Rx path  320   b  configured to propagate the second baseband Rx signal  322   b  for further processing. The baseband processor  310  further comprises a cancellation circuit  314  coupled to the first baseband Rx path  320   a  and configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  322   a,  thereby generating a first Rx output signal  324   a.  The cancellation circuit  314  is further coupled to the second baseband Rx path  320   b  and configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal  322   b,  thereby generating a second Rx output signal  324   b.  In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  314  can comprise a first cancellation circuit and a second cancellation circuit for cancelling the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx path  320   a  and the second baseband Rx path  320   b,  respectively. 
     The baseband processor  310  further comprises a baseband Tx path  326  configured to propagate a baseband Tx signal  332  to the antenna  302 . In some embodiments, the baseband Tx signal  332  comprises a frequency domain version of the Tx signal  335 . In some embodiments, the Tx signal  335  comprises a single carrier frequency domain multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal. In some embodiments, the baseband processor  310  further comprises a signal extraction circuit  315  configured to extract the baseband Tx signal  332  from the baseband Tx path  326  and provide the baseband Tx signal  332  to the cancellation circuit  314 . In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  314  is configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  322   a,  based on the first baseband Rx signal  322   a  and the baseband Tx signal  332 . Similarly, the cancellation circuit  314  is further configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal  322   b,  based on the second baseband Rx signal  322   b  and the baseband Tx signal  332 . 
     In some embodiments, the baseband processor  310  further comprises an IFFT circuit  330  configured to convert the baseband Tx signal  326  in frequency domain to a digital Tx signal  334  in time domain and provide the digital Tx signal  334  to the Tx chain  307 . The Tx chain  307  comprises a Tx circuit  309  configured to process the digital Tx signal  334 , to form the Tx signal  335 . In some embodiments, the Tx circuit  309  can be implemented as the Tx circuit  211  in  FIG. 2  above, however, is not shown herein for easier reference. However, in other embodiments, the Tx circuit  309  can comprise more or less than the components explained with respect to the Tx circuit  211  in  FIG. 2 . 
       FIG. 4  illustrates an example implementation of a cancellation circuit associated with a long-term evolution (LTE) transceiver  400 , according to one embodiment of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  414  depicts a possible way of implementing the cancellation circuit  114  of the transceiver  100  in  FIG. 1  or the cancellation circuit  214  of the LTE-CA transceiver  200  in  FIG. 2 . However, other implementations of the cancellation circuit are also contemplated to be within the scope of this disclosure. In this example embodiment, the cancellation circuit  414  is implemented as part of an LTE-CA transceiver  400  comprising a plurality of Rx paths. However, in other embodiments, the cancellation circuit  414  can also be implemented in other LTE-FDD transceivers that comprise a single Rx path. In some embodiments, the transceiver  400  is similar to the transceiver  200  in  FIG. 2 , and can be explained similar to the transceiver  200  in  FIG. 2 . The LTE-CA transceiver  400  comprises an antenna  402 , a duplexer  404 , a receive (Rx) chain  406 , a transmit (Tx) chain  407  and a baseband processor  410 . The antenna  402  is configured to receive an Rx signal  403  and provide the Rx signal  403  to the Rx chain  406 , via the duplexer  404 , thereby forming the overall Rx signal  416 , during a receive mode of operation of the transceiver  400 . The antenna  402  is further configured to transmit a Tx signal  435  associated with the Tx chain  407 , during a transmit mode of operation of the transceiver  400 . Due to the limited isolation provided by the duplexer  404 , a portion of the Tx signal  435  from the Tx chain  407  leaks into the Rx chain  406 , during a frequency division duplex (FDD) mode. Therefore, in some embodiments, the overall Rx signal  416  comprises a wanted Rx signal and a Tx leakage signal. 
     The Rx chain  406  is configured to propagate the overall Rx signal  416  from the duplexer  404  to the baseband processor  410 . In some embodiments, for example, when the transceiver  400  is working in a CA mode, the Rx signal  403  comprises a plurality of Rx signals at different Rx frequencies. Therefore, the overall Rx signal  416  also comprises a plurality of wanted Rx signals at different Rx frequencies. In this embodiment, the Rx chain  406  comprises a first Rx path  406   a  configured to receive a first overall Rx signal  416   a  at a first Rx frequency and a second Rx path  406   b  configured to receive a second overall Rx signal  416   b  at a second, different Rx frequency. The first Rx path  406   a  comprises a first Rx circuit  408   a  configured to process the first overall Rx signal  416   a  to generate a first digital Rx signal  418   a.  Further, the second Rx path  406   b  comprises a second Rx circuit  408   b  configured to process the second overall Rx signal  416   b  to generate a second digital Rx signal  418   b.  The first Rx circuit  408   a  and the second Rx circuit  408   b  can be implemented in the same way as the first Rx circuit  208  in  FIG. 2  and the second Rx circuit  209  in  FIG. 2 , respectively, however, is shown in a simplified way herein for easier reference. 
     Due to the leakage of the Tx signal  435  to the Rx chain  306  and also due to the intermixing of Rx-LO from different Rx paths (e.g., the first Rx path  406   a  and the second Rx path  406   b ), or due to the intermixing of frequencies generated from multiple clock domains associated with a single Rx path, unwanted Tx-modulated spurs occur, as explained above with respect to  FIG. 2  above. In this embodiment, the unwanted Tx-modulated spur is assumed to occur only on the first Rx path  406   a,  for easier explanation. However, in other embodiments, the unwanted Tx-modulated spur can occur on the first Rx path  406   a  and/or the second Rx path  406   b.  Therefore, in this embodiment, the first digital Rx signal  418   a  comprises unwanted Tx-modulated spurs. The baseband processor  410  is coupled to the output of the first Rx circuit  408   a  associated with the first Rx path  406   a  and the second Rx circuit  408   b  associated with the second Rx path  406   b,  and is configured to receive the first digital Rx signal  418   a  and the second digital Rx signal  418   b.  In some embodiments, the first digital Rx signal  418   a  and the second digital Rx signal  418   b  comprise time domain signals. 
     The baseband processor  410  comprises a first FFT block  412   a  coupled to the first Rx path  406   a  and configured to convert the first digital Rx signal  418   a  into frequency domain, thereby forming a first baseband Rx signal  422   a.  The baseband processor  410  can further comprise a second FFT block coupled to the second Rx path  406   b  and configured to convert the second digital Rx signal  418   b  into frequency domain, thereby forming a second baseband Rx signal, as explained above with respect to  FIG. 3  above, but not shown here for easier reference. The baseband processor  410  further comprises a first baseband Rx path  420   a  configured to propagate the first baseband Rx signal  422   a.  In addition, the baseband processor  410  can comprise a second baseband Rx path configured to propagate the second baseband Rx signal for further processing, as explained above with respect to  FIG. 3  above, but not shown here for easier reference. 
     The baseband processor  410  further comprises a cancellation circuit  414  coupled to the first baseband Rx path  420   a  and configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a,  thereby generating a first Rx output signal  424   a.  In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  414  can be further coupled to the second baseband Rx path. In some embodiments, when the second digital Rx signal  418   b  comprises the unwanted Tx-modulated spur, the cancellation circuit  414  can be further configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal, thereby generating a second Rx output signal, as explained above with respect to  FIG. 3  above. In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  414  can comprise a first cancellation circuit and a second cancellation circuit for cancelling the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx path  420   a  and the second baseband Rx path  420   b,  respectively. 
     The baseband processor  410  further comprises a baseband Tx path  426  configured to propagate a baseband Tx signal  432  to the antenna  402 . In some embodiments, the baseband Tx signal  432  comprises a Tx signal (e.g., the Tx signal  435 ) in frequency domain. In some embodiments, the Tx signal  435  comprises a single carrier frequency domain multiple access (SC-FDMA) signal. In some embodiments, the baseband processor  410  further comprises a signal extraction circuit  415  configured to extract the baseband Tx signal  432  from the baseband Tx path  426  and provide the baseband Tx signal  432  to the cancellation circuit  414 . In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  414  is configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a,  based on the first baseband Rx signal  422   a  and the baseband Tx signal  432 . Similarly, in some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  414  can also be configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal, based on the second baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal  432 . 
     The cancellation circuit  414  comprises a subtraction circuit  414   a,  an estimation circuit  414   b  and an equalizer circuit  414   c.  In this embodiment, the subtraction circuit  414   a,  the estimation circuit  414   b  and the equalizer circuit  414   c  are explained with reference to the cancellation of the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a.  However, in other embodiments, the subtraction circuit  414   a,  the estimation circuit  414   b  and the equalizer circuit  414   c  can also be utilized for the cancellation of the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal  422   a.  Alternately, in other embodiments, a first cancellation circuit associated with the first baseband Rx path  420  can comprise a first subtraction circuit, a first estimation circuit and a first equalizer circuit, and a second cancellation circuit associated with the second baseband Rx path can comprise a second subtraction circuit, a second estimation circuit and a second equalizer circuit. All the above possibilities are contemplated to be within the scope of this disclosure. Further, the cancellation circuit  314  in  FIG. 3 , the cancellation circuit  214  in  FIG. 2  and the cancellation circuit  114  in  FIG. 1  can be implemented in a similar way as the cancellation circuit  414 . 
     In this embodiment, the cancellation circuit  414  is configured to cancel or suppress the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a  based on subtraction a cancellation signal  419  from the first baseband Rx signal  422   a.  In some embodiments, the subtraction circuit  414   a  is coupled to the first baseband path  420   a  and configured to receive the first baseband Rx signal  422   a.  The subtraction circuit  414   a  is further configured to receive the cancellation signal  419  from the equalizer circuit  414   c  and subtract the cancellation signal  419  from the first baseband Rx signal  422   a.  In some embodiments, the cancellation signal  419  is generated at the equalizer circuit  414   c  based on modifying the baseband Tx signal  432  at the equalizer circuit  414   c,  so that the cancellation signal  419  is an approximation of the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a.  In some embodiments, the baseband Tx signal  432  is modified based on an estimate of a channel coefficient, that is determined based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a  and the baseband Tx signal  432 . In some embodiments, the estimated channel coefficient can comprise one or more channel coefficients corresponding to one or more Tx subcarriers associated with the baseband Tx signal  432 . In some embodiments, the estimate of channel coefficient indicates a measure by which the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a  differ from the baseband Tx signal  432 . In some embodiments, modifying the baseband Tx signal  432  comprises multiplying the baseband Tx signal  432  with the estimate of the channel coefficient. 
     In some embodiments, the channel coefficient (i.e., the one or more channel coefficients corresponding to one or more Tx subcarriers associated with the baseband Tx signal  432 ) for multiplying the baseband Tx signal  432  is determined at the estimation circuit  414   b.  In some embodiments, the estimation circuit  414   b  is coupled to an output of the subtraction circuit  414   a  and is configured to receive an error signal  417 . In some embodiments, the error signal  417  comprises the first Rx output signal  424   a  comprising a wanted Rx signal and the unwanted Tx-modulated spur remaining at the output of the subtraction circuit  414   a.  The estimation circuit  414   b  is further configured to receive the baseband Tx signal  432  from the signal extraction circuit  415  and correlate the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the error signal  417  to the baseband Tx signal  432 , in order to determine the one or more channel coefficients. In some embodiments, the channel coefficients are determined at the estimation circuit  414   b,  in accordance with a predetermined block adaptive algorithm (e.g., LMS algorithm, adaptive filter algorithm etc.). That is, the channel coefficients are adaptively determined at the estimation circuit  414   b,  whenever a correlation exists between the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the error signal  417  and the baseband Tx signal  432 . In some embodiments, a correlation between the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the error signal  417  and the baseband Tx signal  432 , when the error signal  417  comprises the unwanted Tx-modulated spur. 
     In a first instance, for example, when the subtraction circuit  414   a  subtracts the cancellation signal  419  from the first baseband Rx signal  422   a,  the channel coefficient (i.e., the one or more channel coefficients associated with the one or more Tx subcarriers of the baseband Tx signal  432 ) at the equalizer circuit  414   c  will be zero, as the channel coefficient has not been determined yet. Therefore, in the first instance, the cancellation signal  419  will be essentially zero and the error signal  417  at the output of the subtraction circuit  414   a  will have the wanted Rx signal and the entire unwanted Tx-modulated spur associated with the first baseband Rx signal  422   a.  However, in a second instance, following the first instance, the estimation circuit  414   b  is configured to determine a channel coefficient based on the error signal  417  and the baseband Tx signal  432 , and provide the estimated channel coefficient to the equalizer circuit  414   c.  Upon receiving the channel coefficient, the equalizer circuit  414   c  is configured to multiply the baseband Tx signal  432  with the channel coefficient to generate the cancellation signal  419 . 
     In some embodiments, estimating the channel coefficient at the estimation circuit  414   b  and modifying the baseband Tx signal  432  based on the estimated channel coefficient at the equalizer circuit  414   c  is a continuous process. That is, the estimation circuit  414   b  is configured to determine the channel coefficient (or an estimate of the channel coefficient) based on a correlation of the unwanted TX-modulated spur in the error signal  417  and the baseband Tx signal  432 , and generate the channel coefficients whenever there is a correlation. In some embodiments, a correlation is determined at the estimation circuit  414   b  when the unwanted TX-modulated spur is present in the error signal  417 . Therefore, in the instances where the error signal  417  comprises unwanted TX-modulated spur, a corresponding channel coefficient is determined at the estimation circuit  414   b  and provided to the equalizer circuit  414   c.  In some embodiments, the channel coefficient provided to the equalizer circuit  414   c  updates a channel coefficient present in the equalizer circuit  414   c.  However, in the instances where the error signal  417  doesn&#39;t comprise the unwanted Tx-modulated spur, no correlation exists between the unwanted TX-modulated spur in the error signal  417  and the baseband Tx signal  432 , and therefore, no new channel coefficients are determined at the estimation circuit  414   b.  In such embodiments, the equalizer circuit  414   c  is configured to generate the cancellation signal  419  by utilizing the channel coefficient from the earlier instance (for example, the just previous instance). 
     In some embodiments, the cancellation circuit  414  is configured to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a  on a subcarrier basis. In frequency domain, the first baseband Rx signal  422   a  can be viewed as N independent and orthogonal Rx subcarriers. Similarly, the baseband Tx signal  432  can also be viewed as N independent and orthogonal Tx subcarriers. In some embodiments, the Rx subcarriers comprises a wanted Rx portion and an unwanted Tx-modulated spur portion generated due to an interference from a corresponding Tx subcarrier. In such embodiments, a channel coefficient for modifying each Tx subcarrier associated with the baseband Tx signal  432  is independently estimated at the cancellation circuit  414  (i.e., the estimation circuit  414   b ) based on the frequency domain Tx data on each Tx subcarrier (associated with the baseband Tx signal  432 ) and the unwanted Tx-modulated spur (associated with the error signal  417 ) on a corresponding Rx subcarrier. In some embodiments, each of the Tx subcarrier associated with the baseband Tx signal  432  can have a corresponding Rx subcarrier on which the Tx subcarrier generates the unwanted Tx-modulated spur. In some embodiments, the Rx subcarrier corresponding to each Tx subcarrier is determined based on a modulated spur offset that is predetermined. In some embodiments, the modulated spur offset gives an indication of a position of the Tx-modulated spur corresponding to each Tx subcarrier. Upon determining the channel coefficient for each Tx subcarrier, the Tx data on each of the Tx subcarrier is multiplied with the estimated channel coefficient for the corresponding Tx subcarrier and then subtracted from the corresponding Rx subcarrier. In some embodiments, the cancellation signal  419  comprises a plurality of cancellation subcarriers, wherein each of the cancellation subcarriers is generated by modifying a Tx subcarrier with a respective channel coefficient. 
     In some embodiments, in frequency domain, the cancellation of the Tx-modulated spur is carried out only on the affected subcarriers. That is, based on the resource block (RB) allocation in the baseband Tx signal, the cancellation can be done only to the subcarriers where the RBs are allocated. In some instances, therefore, the frequency domain cancellation of the unwanted Tx-modulated spur is adaptable to the RB allocation. For example, if the baseband Tx signal  432  is a single RB allocated signal, only 12 subcarriers are filled with data, while the rest of the subcarriers are irrelevant or empty. Therefore, in such embodiments, it is sufficient to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur on the affected 12 subcarriers associated with the baseband Rx signal  422   a.  In some embodiments, the frequency domain cancellation of the unwanted Tx-modulated spur provides a lower complexity alternative to time domain cancellation of the unwanted Tx-modulated spur, as in time-domain, as the unwanted Tx-modulated spur is spread over all wanted data samples, independent of the RB allocation. 
     In some embodiments, where the cancellation circuit  414  is further configured to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal  422   b,  the cancellation circuit  414  is further configured to determine one or more channel coefficients for modifying the one or more Tx subcarriers associated with the baseband Tx signal  432 , based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal  422   b  and the baseband Tx signal  432 . Therefore, in such embodiments, the cancellation circuit  414  is configured to estimate one or more first channel coefficients determined based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal  422   a  and the baseband Tx signal  432 , and provide a first cancellation signal to the first baseband Rx signal  422   a,  in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the first baseband Rx signal  422   a,  based on modifying the baseband Tx signal  432  in accordance with the estimated one or more first channel coefficients. Further, the cancellation circuit  414  is configured to estimate one or more second channel coefficients determined based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal  422   b  and the baseband Tx signal  432 , and provide a second cancellation signal to the second baseband Rx signal  422   b,  in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the second baseband Rx signal  422   b,  based on modifying the baseband Tx signal  432  in accordance with the estimated one or more second channel coefficients. 
       FIG. 5  depicts a flow diagram of a method  500  associated with a baseband processor of a long-term evolution (LTE) carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver, according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The method  500  is explained herein with reference to the LTE-CA transceiver  400  in  FIG. 4 . However, in other embodiments, the method  500  is applicable to transceivers in  FIGS. 1-3 . At  502 , a baseband receive (Rx) signal (e.g., the first baseband Rx signal  422   a  in  FIG. 4 ) associated with a baseband receive (Rx) path (e.g., the first baseband Rx path  420   a ) of the transceiver, is received at a cancellation circuit (e.g., the cancellation circuit  414  in  FIG. 4 ). In some embodiments, the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal associated with an Rx signal path of the transceiver and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur in frequency domain. In some embodiments, the unwanted Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal (e.g., the Tx signal  435 ) associated with a Tx signal path (e.g., the Tx signal path  407 ) of the transceiver into the Rx signal path (e.g., the Rx signal path  406 ). 
     At  504 , a baseband Tx signal (e.g., the baseband Tx signal  432  in  FIG. 4 ) associated with a baseband Tx path (e.g., the baseband Tx path  426 ) of the transceiver, is received at the cancellation circuit. In some embodiments, the baseband Tx signal comprises the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver in frequency domain. At  506 , a cancellation signal (e.g., the cancellation signal  419 ) generated at the cancellation circuit is provided to the baseband Rx signal, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal. In some embodiments, the cancellation signal is generated at the cancellation circuit, based on the received baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal. In some embodiments, the cancellation signal is generated based on an estimation of one or more channel coefficients that is determined based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx-modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and modifying the baseband Tx signal based on the estimated channel coefficients. 
     While the methods are illustrated, and described above as a series of acts or events, it will be appreciated that the illustrated ordering of such acts or events are not to be interpreted in a limiting sense. For example, some acts may occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts or events apart from those illustrated and/or described herein. In addition, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement one or more aspects or embodiments of the disclosure herein. Also, one or more of the acts depicted herein may be carried out in one or more separate acts and/or phases. 
     While the apparatus has been illustrated and described with respect to one or more implementations, alterations and/or modifications may be made to the illustrated examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described components or structures (assemblies, devices, circuits, systems, etc.), the terms (including a reference to a “means”) used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component or structure which performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., that is functionally equivalent), even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary implementations of the invention. 
     In particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described components (assemblies, devices, circuits, systems, etc.), the terms (including a reference to a “means”) used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component or structure which performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., that is functionally equivalent), even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary implementations of the disclosure. In addition, while a particular feature may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature may be combined with one or more other features of the other implementations as may be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application. 
     Examples can include subject matter such as a method, means for performing acts or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including instructions that, when performed by a machine cause the machine to perform acts of the method or of an apparatus or system for concurrent communication using multiple communication technologies according to embodiments and examples described herein. 
     Example 1 is a baseband processor associated with a long-term evolution (LTE) transceiver, comprising a baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a receive signal in frequency domain, associated with an Rx signal path of the transceiver, forming a baseband Rx signal, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur, wherein the unwanted Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the Rx signal path; a baseband Tx path configured to propagate a Tx signal in frequency domain, associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver, thereby forming a baseband Tx signal; and a cancellation circuit coupled to the baseband Rx path, configured to receive the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and generate a cancellation signal to the baseband Rx signal, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal, wherein the cancellation signal is generated based on the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
     Example 2 is processor including the subject matter of claim 1, wherein the cancellation signal is generated by estimating a channel coefficient that is determined based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with the estimated channel coefficient. 
     Example 3 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-2, including or omitting elements, further comprising a signal extraction circuit coupled to the baseband Tx path configured to extract the baseband Tx signal from the baseband Tx path and provide the baseband Tx signal to the cancellation circuit. 
     Example 4 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-3, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation circuit comprises a subtraction circuit configured to subtract the cancellation signal from the baseband Rx signal, thereby forming an Rx output signal. 
     Example 5 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-4, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation circuit further comprises an estimation circuit configured to receive an error signal comprising the Rx output signal from the subtraction circuit and the baseband Tx signal from the baseband Tx path; and estimate the channel coefficient, based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur component in the error signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
     Example 6 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-5, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation circuit further comprises an equalization circuit configured to generate the cancellation signal based on modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with the estimated channel coefficient. 
     Example 7 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-6, including or omitting elements, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a plurality of Rx subcarriers, the Rx subcarriers comprising a wanted portion associated with the wanted Rx signal and an unwanted portion associated with the unwanted Tx modulated spur, and wherein the baseband Tx signal comprises a plurality of Tx subcarriers. 
     Example 8 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-7, including or omitting elements, wherein the channel coefficient comprises a plurality of channel coefficients respectively associated with the plurality of Tx subcarriers and wherein the cancellation circuit is configured to estimate the channel coefficient for each of the Tx subcarrier of the baseband Tx signal based on a frequency domain Tx data on the Tx subcarrier and the unwanted Tx-modulated spur on a corresponding Rx subcarrier of the baseband Rx signal. 
     Example 9 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-8, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation signal comprises a plurality of cancellation subcarriers, wherein each of the cancellation subcarriers is generated by modifying a Tx subcarrier with a corresponding estimated channel coefficient. 
     Example 10 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-9, including or omitting elements, wherein the baseband Rx path comprises a first baseband Rx path configured to propagate a first baseband Rx signal having a first frequency associated therewith, wherein the first baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted first Rx signal and an unwanted first Tx modulated spur, and a second baseband Rx path configured to propagate a second baseband Rx signal having a second, different frequency associated therewith, wherein the second baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted second Rx signal and an unwanted second Tx modulated spur. 
     Example 11 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-10, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation signal comprises a first cancellation signal configured to cancel the unwanted first Tx modulated spur from the first baseband Rx signal. 
     Example 12 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-11, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation signal further comprises a second cancellation signal configured to cancel the unwanted second Tx modulated spur from the second baseband Rx signal. 
     Example 13 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-12, including or omitting elements, wherein the baseband Rx path comprises a plurality of baseband Rx paths, wherein each of the baseband Rx paths is configured to propagate a respective baseband Rx signal having a respective frequency associated therewith, and wherein each of the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur. 
     Example 14 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 1-13, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation signal comprises a plurality of cancellation signals configured to cancel the unwanted Tx-modulated spur respectively associated with the baseband Rx signals in the plurality of baseband Rx paths. 
     Example 15 is a baseband processor associated with a carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver, comprising a first baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a first receive signal in frequency domain, associated with a first Rx signal path of the transceiver, forming a first baseband Rx signal having a first frequency associated therewith, wherein the first baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted first Rx signal and an unwanted first transmit (Tx) modulated spur, wherein the unwanted first Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the first Rx signal path; a second baseband receive (Rx) path configured to propagate a second receive signal in frequency domain, associated with a second Rx signal path of the transceiver, forming a second baseband Rx signal having a second, different frequency associated therewith, wherein the second baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted second Rx signal and an unwanted second Tx modulated spur, wherein the unwanted second Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver into the second Rx signal path; a baseband Tx path configured to propagate a Tx signal in frequency domain, associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver, thereby forming a baseband Tx signal; and a cancellation circuit configured to estimate one or more first channel coefficients determined based on a correlation between the unwanted first Tx modulated spur in the first baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and provide a first cancellation signal to the first baseband Rx signal in order to cancel the unwanted first Tx modulated spur from the first baseband Rx signal, wherein the first cancellation signal is generated based on modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more first channel coefficients. 
     Example 16 is a processor including the subject matter of claim 15, wherein the cancellation circuit is further configured to estimate one or more second channel coefficients determined based a correlation between the unwanted second Tx modulated spur in the second baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and provide a second cancellation signal to the second baseband Rx signal in order to cancel the unwanted second Tx modulated spur from the second baseband Rx signal, wherein the second cancellation signal is generated based on modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more second channel coefficients. 
     Example 17 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 15-16, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation circuit comprises a first cancellation circuit coupled to the first baseband Rx path and configured to generate the first cancellation signal; and a second, different cancellation circuit coupled to the second baseband Rx path and configured to generate the second cancellation signal. 
     Example 18 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 15-17, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation circuit comprises a subtraction circuit configured to subtract the first cancellation signal from the first baseband Rx signal, thereby forming a first Rx output signal; and subtract the second cancellation signal from the second baseband Rx signal, thereby forming a second Rx output signal. 
     Example 19 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 15-18, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation circuit further comprises an estimation circuit configured to receive a first error signal comprising the first Rx output signal and the baseband Tx signal, and estimate the one or more first channel coefficients based on the first error signal and the baseband Tx signal; and receive a second error signal comprising the second Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, and estimate the one or more second channel coefficients based on the second error signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
     Example 20 is a processor including the subject matter of claims 15-19, including or omitting elements, wherein the cancellation circuit further comprises an equalization circuit configured to generate the first cancellation signal based on modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with the estimated one or more first channel coefficients; and generate the second cancellation signal based on modifying the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with the estimated one or more second channel coefficients. 
     Example 21 is a method for baseband processor associated with a long term evolution (LTE) transceiver, comprising receiving at a cancellation circuit, a baseband receive (Rx) signal, associated with a baseband receive (Rx) path of the transceiver, wherein the baseband Rx signal comprises a wanted Rx signal associated with an Rx signal path of the transceiver and an unwanted transmit (Tx) modulated spur in frequency domain, wherein the unwanted Tx modulated spur is generated based on a leakage of a Tx signal associated with a Tx signal path of the transceiver into the Rx signal path; receiving at the cancellation circuit, a baseband Tx signal, associated with a baseband Tx path of the transceiver, wherein the baseband Tx signal comprises the Tx signal associated with the Tx signal path of the transceiver in frequency domain; and providing a cancellation signal generated at the cancellation circuit to the baseband Rx signal, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal, wherein the cancellation signal is generated based on the received baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal. 
     Example 22 is a method including the subject matter of claim 21, wherein providing the cancellation signal to the baseband Rx signal comprises providing the cancellation signal to a subtraction circuit associated with the cancellation circuit, wherein the subtraction circuit is configured to subtract the cancellation signal from the baseband Rx signal, in order to cancel the unwanted Tx modulated spur from the baseband Rx signal, thereby forming an Rx output signal. 
     Example 23 is a method including the subject matter of claims 21-22, including or omitting elements, wherein generating the cancellation signal comprises estimating one or more channel coefficients based on a correlation between the unwanted Tx modulated spur in the baseband Rx signal and the baseband Tx signal, at an estimation circuit associated with the cancellation circuit; and modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more channel coefficients, at an equalization circuit associated with the cancellation circuit, thereby forming the cancellation signal. 
     Example 24 is a method including the subject matter of claims 21-23, including or omitting elements, wherein estimating the one or more channel coefficients comprises receiving at the estimation circuit, an error signal comprising the Rx output signal from the subtraction circuit and the baseband Tx signal; and estimating at the estimation circuit, the one or more channel coefficients based on a correlation between an unwanted modulated spur component in the error signal and the baseband Tx signal, in accordance with a predetermined algorithm. 
     Example 25 is a method including the subject matter of claims 21-24, including or omitting elements, wherein modifying the baseband Tx signal in accordance with the estimated one or more channel coefficient comprises multiplying the baseband Tx signal with the estimated one or more channel coefficients to form the cancellation signal. 
     Various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with aspects disclosed herein can be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform functions described herein. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but, in the alternative, processor can be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. 
     The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subject disclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possible that are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples, as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize. 
     In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been described in connection with various embodiments and corresponding Figures, where applicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can be used or modifications and additions can be made to the described embodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitute function of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

Metadata:
Filing Date: 20170330
Publication Date: 20200310
Grant Date: 20200310
Priority Date: 20170330
Inventors: KANUMALLI, RAM SUNIL
MAYER, ANDREAS
Elmaghraby, Ahmed
HUEMER, MARIO
NEURAUTER, BURKHARD
Assignee: APPLE INC
CPC Classifications: [{"code": "H04L5/14", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/123", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B15/00", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L25/0202", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/525", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/123", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/525", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B15/00", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L25/0202", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/123", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04L5/14", "inventive": true, "first": false, "tree": "[]"}, {"code": "H04B1/525", "inventive": true, "first": true, "tree": "[]"}]
Family ID: 61563561