Direction , Manner , and Purpose are Prop-Bank adjunctive argument labels ( Palmer et al , 2005 ) . Quantifier , Means , Cause-to-Know and copulas were added to the preceding roles . Finally , anything that did not fit into the above categories retained its dependency parse type : VMod ( Verb Modifier ) , NMod ( Noun Modifier ) , AMod ( Adjec-tive or Adverb Modifier ) , and Root ( Root was used when a single word in the answer , typically yes , no , agree , disagree , A-D , etc. , stood alone without a significant relation to the remainder of the refer-ence answer ; this occurred only 21 times , account-ing for fewer than 1 % of the reference answer facets ) .