The need to implement disarmament and non-proliferation measures continues to be a major challenge to the maintenance of international peace and security . The last decade witnessed the indefinite extension of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons ( NPT ) , the successful negotiation of the Chemical Weapons Convention ( CWC ) and the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty ( CTBT ) , as well as the entry into force of the Ottawa Convention on anti-personnel landmines .