This requires an expansion of monitoring and experimental work to provide the data needed to understand processes and develop and test models ; Quantify and develop models which allow interactions with other drivers ( e.g . ozone , greenhouse gas emissions , climate change including elevated carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) , management of nitrogen , for example , at farms and forests ) to interpret and predict spatial and temporal trends in ecosystem compartments ; Quantify feedbacks between ecosystem components , including changes in plant diversity ( focusing on mosses and lichens due to their sensitivity ) , fauna ( macro and micro ) , soil microbes , and implications for biogeochemical functioning and ecosystem resilience to stresses ;