suneetk/tradingview_indicators huggingface dataset:
# 24-hour Volume

#### Definition

Volume is the total amount of assets traded in a specific period of time. The 24-hour Volume indicator is used to measure the total volume of a symbol traded in the last 24 hours, expressed as in currency. It can be used to measure the market's interest in a particular symbol.

#### Calculation

To calculate the 24-hour volume, the indicator uses data from different timeframes; the timeframes chosen depend on the timeframe on the main chart:

Chart timeframe

Timeframe used for the calculation

less than 1D

1

1D - 1W

5

greater than 1W

60

The indicator calculates the sum of the volume for the last X bars of the lower timeframe, where X is the number of bars that opened in the last 24 hours. The indicator works with calendar hours regardless of the symbol session, so if there has been no past trades for 24 hours or more (e.g., on the first Monday bar on a symbol that is only traded on business days), 24-hour volume can be equal to the regular volume data.

The indicator always displays the 24-hour volume converted to the currency selected in the indicator's inputs. This means that, if the exchange presents its volume data in base currency (e.g., when for BTCUSD, the volume represents the number of BTC traded), the _24-hour Volume_ indicator converts the base volume into currency volume by multiplying the volume by the price on the chart. The 'Price Source' input can be used to select which specific chart value will be used for this conversion.

The volume can be additionally converted into a currency different from the one on the chart. This can be done by switching the 'Target Currency' input from Default to a different currency.

#### What to look for

The 24-hour volume is a metric used to track the total value of all cryptocurrency transactions within a 24-hour period. It can be used to measure the market's interest in a particular symbol and gauge its overall health. A high 24-hour volume means that there is high demand for the symbol and that it is healthy and viable. A low 24-hour volume may indicate that the symbol is not as popular as others.

#### Inputs

![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.freshdesk.com/data/helpdesk/attachments/production/43582424451/original/CF05HhagG3vCTnXMjW_LInVQaAYP35Zufw.png?1758716522)

  

##### Price Source

Specifies the price source used to convert base volume into currency volume, if necessary.

##### Target Currency

Sets the currency that the 24-hour volume will be presented in. Available options: Default, USD, EUR, CAD, JPY, GBP, HKD, CNY, NZD, RUB.
# Advance/Decline Ratio

#### Definition

The advance decline ratio shows the number of stocks that closed higher compared to the number of stocks that closed lower. This ratio is calculated using the prior day’s closing prices. The ratio is used to analyze market breadth and determine how strong the market is as a whole.

#### Calculations

The advance decline ratio is calculated by dividing the number of stocks that are advancing  by the number of stocks that are declining.

#### Takeaways

When using the advance decline ratio, keep in mind that it rises when stocks are advancing faster than stocks  that are  declining, and the ratio falls when declining stocks  are reported to have exceeded advances. 

A historically low advance decline ratio potentially shows a market that is oversold, whereas a high advance decline ratio points towards a market that is potentially overbought. The advance decline ratio can be calculated for a variety of time periods, including one day, week, or month. 

#### What to look for

1.  There’s more than just one way to use the advance decline ratio. Let’s explore the options below.
2.  Use the advance decline ratio to determine the market’s status and find out whether or not it is overbought or oversold.
3.  Look at the overall trend of the ratio and use this information to help you determine whether or not the market is showing a bearish or bullish trend. A steadily increasing / decreasing ratio would signal the status of the trend.

#### Summary

To sum up, the advance decline ratio is a technical analysis indicator that helps traders determine overall trends, potential trends, and the possible reversal of trends that might impact the entire market. This tool can help identify the status of the market and whether or not it is bullish or bearish in nature.
# Advance/Decline Ratio (Bars)

#### Definition

The bars-based advance/decline ratio indicator shows the number of bars that closed higher compared to the number of bars that closed lower for the current symbol and the specified length. The indicator calculates the number of green and red bars for the last several bars and divides the first number by the second. The ratio can be used to analyze the historical performance of the current symbol in the specified window: higher values mean the prices consistently traded up and vice versa.

#### Inputs

##### Length

The number of bars analyzed: e.g. if the window is 9, the indicator counts the number of green and red bars for the last 9 bars and divides one by another.
# Analyst price forecast

The price forecast displayed on the chart of the [Forecast tab](https://www.tradingview.com/symbols/NASDAQ-AAPL/forecast/) of the symbol page reflects the dynamics of price changes over the past 2 years and the forecast of possible price behavior by the end of the next year. You can see three predicted price levels: minimum, maximum and average.  
  
**Where does the forecast come from?**  
FactSet provides analyst recommendations and their consensus score is a predictive measure of future price movement, giving insight into market expectations for each security.

![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.freshdesk.com/data/helpdesk/attachments/production/43376908737/original/fx2Zsq-iIPGVhQIyx9fKTCkaYRPJzVyO7w.png?1669993891)

For example, the screenshot shows 38 analysts' yearly consensus price prediction for NASDAQ:AAPL on November 28, 2022.

  
Forecast data is available for a number of symbols from the following exchanges: ADX, AMEX, ASX, ATHEX, BAHRAIN, BCBA, BCS, BER, BET, BIST, BME, BMFBOVESPA, BMV, BSE, BVB, BVC, BVL, BX, CSE, DFM, DUS, EGX, EURONEXT, FSE, FWB, GPW, HAM, HAN, HKEX, HNX, HOSE, IDX, JSE, KRX, LSE, LSIN, LUXSE, MIL, MUN, MYX, NAG, NASDAQ, NEO, NGM, NSE, NSENG, NYSE, NZX, OMXCOP, OMXHEX, OMXSTO, OMXTSE, OSL, OTC, PSE, QSE, SAPSE, SET, SGX, SIX, SSE, SWB, SZSE, TADAWUL, TASE, TPEX, TSE, TSX, TSXV, TWSE, UPCOM, XETR.  
  
Remember that the forecast is not an investment recommendation or a guide to action. In investments and trading, you should not make any decisions without your own evaluation of the instrument.
# Average Day Range (ADR)

#### Definition

Average Day Range is an indicator that measures the volatility of an asset. It shows the average movement of the price between the high and the low over the last several days.

#### Calculations

To calculate the average value for a particular day, the indicator first calculates the average among the high values of the price for a given number of days, then the average among the low values for the same number of days. Then it finds the difference between these values.

#### Inputs

![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.freshdesk.com/data/helpdesk/attachments/production/43586099638/original/wsiHSRB-grxue_Wvd0IliIfo6C7knQa_Kw.png?1760453122)

##### Length

The number of days for which the indicator will count the average value, 14 by default. It should be noted that setting it too low will take short-term noise into account, while a long period may take longer to react to new market movements.

#### Style

![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.freshdesk.com/data/helpdesk/attachments/production/43586099770/original/aR2bbkkLBzh30WbMoVscPleQq47hlEKSRw.png?1760453140)

##### ADR

Toggles the visibility of the ADR line. You can also choose the color of the line, its thickness, and plot type (by default, Line is used).
# Balance of Power (BOP)

#### Definition

Balance of Power (BOP) is a price-based indicator used by technical analysts to evaluate the overall strength of buyers and sellers in the market. BOP oscillates around zero line, where positive values indicate Bull market dominance and negative values indicate Bear market dominance. On its own, BOP is not a particularly smooth indicator, and is therefore best paired with an indicator that can counter this by providing essential smoothness. By pairing the BOP with the Simple Moving Average (SMA), for example, the result is a smooth, proper analysis for viewing.

#### History 

The Balance of Power (BOP) indicator was developed by Igor Livshin and was later introduced to the public in 2001 via Stocks and Commodities Magazine. BOP measures price trends by evaluating the strength of buyers and sellers within the market and determining in which price is pushed to extreme highs and lows. 

#### Calculations

To calculate the Balance of Power, use the following formula:

Balance of Power = (Close price – Open price) / (High price – Low price)

#### Takeaways

Balance of Power (BOP) is known to oscillate around the zero center line, ranging from -1 to +1. A positive BOP indicates buyer market dominance, whereas negative BOP indicates seller market dominance. When BOP is equal to zero, it shows that buyers and sellers are equal in the current market.

#### What to look for

Keep in mind that BOP can be used to generate specific trading signals on the crossovers with its center line, suggesting the following:

1.  Consider buying when the BOP becomes positive (crossing above the zero line) as it may imply that bulls are taking control.
2.  Consider selling when BOP becomes negative (crosses below the zero line) as it may imply that bears are taking control.

#### Limitations

On its own, the Balance of Power indicator is quite choppy and is best paired with another indicator that can counter this with unparalleled smoothness. Oftentimes, this is paired well with the Simple Moving Average (SMA).

#### Summary

Balance of Power (BOP) is a price-based indicator used for technical analysis to determine the strength of buyers and sellers. On its own, BOP is not a particularly smooth indicator, and is therefore best paired with an indicator that can perform this, such as the Simple Moving Average (SMA).
# BBTrend

  

BBTrend is an indicator developed by John Bollinger, the creator of Bollinger Bands. Designed to be used in conjunction with the regular Bollinger Bands, this indicator analyzes the strength and the direction of the trend based on two separate Bollinger Bands calculations, a long one and a short one.

The BBTrend indicator presents the resulting calculation as a histogram. When the BBTrend value is above zero, it indicates a bullish trend, whereas a reading below zero signifies a bearish trend. How far is the value removed from zero reflects the strength or momentum behind the trend.

![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.freshdesk.com/data/helpdesk/attachments/production/43482727219/original/9toEo8UQcV8rHaEtxlCfC05USSAl2ugd1A.png?1714486919)

#### Calculation

The BBTrend is calculated based on the bands of two different Bollinger Bands instances, a short one and a long one. The formula is:

```js
BBTrend = (math.abs(shortLower - longLower) - math.abs(shortUpper - longUpper)) / shortMiddle * 100
```

Where _shortLower_, _shortMiddle_, and _shortUpper_ are the components of the short Bollinger Bands, while _longLower_ and _longUpper_ are the bands from the long Bollinger Bands calculation. The length of both short and long Bollinger Bands can be changed in the indicator's Inputs.

The intensity of the color of each separate column in the histogram reflects the direction in which the BBTrend moves: a more intense green or red column indicates that the current value of BBTrend is moving away from 0, while a dimmer green or red shows that the BBTrend is trending towards 0, while still being above it (for green columns) or below it (for red ones).

#### Inputs

![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.freshdesk.com/data/helpdesk/attachments/production/43582451864/original/jqyrmNVsOwyrLEYHiHYojWjziBsa0XR2Xw.png?1758723065)

#### Short BB Length

The length of the short Bollinger Bands calculation used while calculating the BBTrend.

#### Long BB Length

The length of the long Bollinger Bands calculation used while calculating the BBTrend.

#### StdDev

The Standard Deviation of both Bollinger Bands calculations used while calculating the BBTrend.
# Bollinger Bars

The Bollinger Bars indicator is a tool developed by John Bollinger, the creator of [](https://www.tradingview.com/support/solutions/43000501840-bollinger-bands-bb/)[Bollinger Bands](https://www.tradingview.com/support/solutions/43000501840-bollinger-bands-bb/). This indicator provides an alternative visual for candlestick charts by maintaining a fixed width for a candle and using different colors to differentiate the candle's body and wicks. Traders may use this indicator to identify [](https://www.tradingview.com/support/solutions/43000584462-candlestick-patterns/)[candlestick chart patterns](https://www.tradingview.com/support/solutions/43000584462-candlestick-patterns/) and insights such as accumulation/distribution trends, periods of compression, and large range days.

![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.freshdesk.com/data/helpdesk/attachments/production/43528773554/original/IjzCxLfc9SLY9Fe0THG2508-zZdkaaRGPA.png?1733851298)

Typically, candlestick charts draw a wide candle _body_ to highlight the range between a bar's open and close prices, using thinner tails (or _wicks_) to display the bar's remaining price action as it extends from its high to low prices. The color of the candle's body is green when the close price is above the open price, or red when the close price is below the open price.

The Bollinger Bars indicator sets the color of the candle's body similar to the traditional candlestick chart to display a green or red candle respectively. However, it uses the same width to draw all the candle components, therefore a candle's wicks appear as wide blue blocks above and below the candle's body. Presenting the bars this way can help visually emphasize the full price range traded within a given bar.

Traders may choose to pair this indicator with other Bollinger tools like the standard [Bollinger Bands](https://www.tradingview.com/support/solutions/43000501840-bollinger-bands-bb/) or [](https://www.tradingview.com/support/solutions/43000501971-bollinger-bands-b-b/)[Percent Bandwidth (%b)](https://www.tradingview.com/support/solutions/43000501971-bollinger-bands-b-b/).
# Bull Bear Power

#### Definition

The Bull Bear Power (BBP) indicator, otherwise known as the Elder-Ray Index, estimates the relationship between the strength of bulls (buyers) and bears (sellers) on an instrument. When the indicator's value is nonzero, it supposedly suggests that either bulls or bears have more power in the market. The greater the distance is from zero, the greater the apparent dominance of bulls or bears. Positive values indicate higher bull power and negative values indicate higher bear power.

#### Calculations

The indicator's calculation consists of two separate components: "Bull Power" and "Bear Power". The "Bull Power" value is the difference between the current high price and the EMA of close prices, and the "Bear Power" value is the difference between the current low price and the same EMA. Taking the sum of the "Bull Power" and "Bear Power" gives us the Bull Bear Power value:

Bull Power = High - EMA

Bear Power = Low - EMA

Bull Bear Power = Bull Power + Bear Power

#### Inputs

![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.freshdesk.com/data/helpdesk/attachments/production/43582452802/original/qaXfqHquDjazjPZWOQZNvTO8Uz_jr5uPag.png?1758723265)

Length

The length for the EMA's smoothing parameter calculation. Its default value is 13.
# Chande Kroll Stop

#### Definition

The Chande Kroll Stop indicator is a stop for either a short or long position. It presents itself as a red and green (sometimes blue) line that is overlaid on the price chart. The red line represents the stop level for a short position, whereas the green line represents the stop level for a long position. The Chande Kroll Stop is calculated on the true range and therefore is labeled as independent from the volatility of the instruments involved.

#### History 

The Chande Kroll Stop indicator was first discussed and later implemented in “The New Technical Trader,” written by Tushar Chande and Stanely Kroll. Established as a trend-following indicator, the Chande Kroll Stop identifies a trader’s stop by calculating the average true range of the market trend, cataloguing any market volatility in the process.

#### Calculations

The stop indicator is calculated on the average true range of an instrument’s volatility in connection with market trends. Stops are placed under / on the high and low of the last “n” bars on the chart. The difference is proportional to the average true range on “n” bars and the resulting values are used accordingly.

#### Takeaways

Keep in mind that the true range is the highest in absolute value for the three values shown below:

1.  Current bar high — current bar low;
2.  Current bar high — previous bar close;
3.  Current bar low — previous bar close.

#### What to look for

The Chande Kroll Stop can be used in a variety of ways. It is common to sell when the price crosses below both lines, whereas it is common to buy when the price crosses above both lines. Moreover, it is recommended to trade when the two lines cross each other in some way.

The lines of the Chande Kroll Stop begin to flatten out as the price moves sideways and this, in turn, allows for price to trade more broadly between both lines. Being aware of the line position is key to placing a successful trade, and traders should make sure to trade in the direction of the market trend.

The Chande Kroll Stop can also be used to stop trend changes. When the green/blue line crosses above the red line, a new uptrend is highlighted. When the red line crosses below the green/blue line, a new downtrend is highlighted.

#### Summary

The Chande Kroll Stop indicator is a stop that consists of two lines that overlay on the price chart. It is created by taking the true averages over a specific period of time in order to stop trade losses to a point where they would be volatile to the market and where the market trend would be most likely to switch in direction.
# Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO)

#### Definition

The Chande Momentum Oscillator is a technical momentum indicator and was designed specifically to track the movement and momentum of a security. The oscillator calculates the difference between the sum of both recent gains and recent losses, then dividing the result by the sum of all price movement over the same period (usually defined as 20 periods).

#### History 

The Chande Momentum Oscillator was invented by Tushar Chande and first introduced in 1994 in his book, “The New Technical Trader” written with the help of his colleague, Stanley Kroll. Chande and Kroll also worked together in developing the Chande Kroll Stop.

#### Calculations

1.  Start by calculating the sum of the higher closes over “n” periods.
2.  Then, calculate the sum of the lower closes over “n” periods.
3.  Next, go ahead and subtract the sum of the lower closes over “n” periods from the sum of the higher closes over “n” periods.
4.  Continue by adding the sum of the lower closes over “n” periods to the sum of the higher closes over “n” periods.
5.  Divide 4 from 3 and then multiply by 100.
6.  Plot the result on your chart and proceed with trading.

#### Takeaways

From the start, traders should be aware of the time frame they choose when using the Chande Momentum Oscillator. Signals are greatly affected by this decision.

When focusing on your chart settings and applying indicators and strategies to begin your trading, keep in mind that pattern recognition often generates more reliable signals when compared with absolute oscillator levels. 

In strong trending markets, it’s possible for overbought and oversold indicators to be considered less effective. When assessing your indicators, make sure to be aware of this point and proceed with your picks accordingly.

#### What to look for

The Chande Momentum Oscillator measures momentum on up and down days and doesn’t have the ability to smooth results, therefore triggering more frequent overbuys and oversells. This indicator oscillates between +100 and -100, but a security is not considered to be overbought until the oscillator is above +50. If the indicator oscillates below -50, then it is considered oversold.

It’s common to initiate a moving average (i.e. 10-period) to this oscillator to act as a signal line - if the oscillator crosses above the moving average, it generates a bullish signal. Similarly, if the oscillator moves below the moving average, it generates a bearish signal.

The Chande Momentum Oscillator can also be used to determine trend strength by analyzing the strength or weakness of the present market trend.

#### Summary

The Chande Momentum Oscillator is a technical momentum indicator and tracks the momentum of a security while also being able to determine market trend strength or weakness. It is a strong indicator to use to measure general gains and losses in the current market and has signals that are sensitive to pattern recognitions.
# Chop Zone

#### Definition

The Chop Zone is a visual indicator that was designed to analyze trends and identify their choppiness. Chop Zone is plotted within levels -100/+100 and signals to the differences between close price and its Exponential Moving Average (EMA) by converting the values calculated into colors. 

#### History 

The Chop Zone inherited its name from the Choppiness Index, which was created by E.W. Dreiss, an Australian commodity trader.

#### Takeaways

The Chop Zone indicator allows traders and analysts to determine whether or not a market is choppy, showcasing a sideways trend, or not choppy, showcasing a directional trend. 

The Choppiness Index is a range-bound oscillator and therefore, has values that fall within a certain range. As mentioned above, that range falls between -100/+100.

#### What to look for

The Chop Zone works in a way that the closer the calculated value is to 100, the higher the level of registered choppiness. In this case, choppiness refers to the sideways movement of a trend. In the other direction, the closer the calculated value is to -100, the stronger the market trend - directional movement of the trend. Little residual choppiness is registered in this case.

More often than not, traders and technical analysts use a threshold of sorts to indicate market trends that are becoming more and more choppy. These are often in the higher zones of market trend data. In turn, there is a threshold in the lower zone that indicates towards directional trends - not choppy.

#### Summary

The Chop Zone analyzes trends and indicates whether or not a trend is choppy or not. This indicator allows its users to determine the overall direction of a trend and is often associated with the Choppiness Index, a range-bound oscillator using values from -100/+100, used to analyze the range of a choppy trend.