# What Is an E-Check? How They Work and Their Benefits Explained

## What Is an Electronic Check (E-Check)?

Electronic checks, or e-checks, function like traditional paper checks, but with faster processing and enhanced security features. They form part of electronic fund transfers, offering a cost-effective solution for internet-based transactions. E-checks are governed by the same laws as paper checks, providing a secure way to handle payments in the digital age.

### Key Takeaways

*   Electronic checks (e-checks) offer a digital alternative to paper checks, operating over the internet with enhanced security features like digital signatures and encryption.
*   E-checks are part of electronic fund transfers and can be used for transactions such as ATM deposits and direct deposits, and are governed by the same laws as paper checks.
*   Issuing e-checks is generally more cost-effective than paper checks, with transaction fees significantly lower and no need for physical materials or postage.
*   E-checks are facilitated through the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network, which electronically withdraws and deposits funds between checking accounts.
*   Although processing may take several business days, e-checks are considered safer than paper checks due to their digital nature and multiple layers of security.

## Understanding the Electronic Check (E-Check) Process

An electronic check is part of the larger electronic banking field and part of a subset of transactions referred to as electronic fund transfers (EFTs). This includes not only electronic checks but also other computerized banking functions such as ATM withdrawals and deposits, debit card transactions, and [remote check depositing](https://www.investopedia.com/electronic-deposit-insurance-estimator-7371315) features. The transactions require the use of various computer and networking technologies to gain access to the relevant account data to perform the requested actions.

Electronic checks were created to handle transactions in the world of [electronic commerce](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/ecommerce.asp). Electronic checks can be used to make a payment for any transaction that a paper check can cover and are governed by the same laws that apply to paper checks. The U.S. Treasury first used electronic checks for large online payments.

## Advantages of Using Electronic Checks (E-Checks)

Generally, issuing an electronic check costs less than issuing a paper check. Electronic checks save money because they don't need paper or postage for long-distance payments.

It is estimated that printing and issuing a paper check will cost your business anywhere between $4 and $20. However, the average fee per eCheck transaction ranges from $0.30 to $1.50.

Multiple levels of authentication ensure funds are routed correctly.

> **Important**
>
> Electronic checks also come with a lower risk of the associated funds being stolen, as there is no tangible item to intercept.

## Direct Deposit System

One of the more frequently used versions of the electronic check is the direct deposit system offered by many employers. It is an electronic method of sending an employee’s wages directly into the employee’s bank account. Additionally, taxpayers who are owed a refund on federal tax returns can elect to receive a directly deposited electronic check from the [Internal Revenue Service (IRS)](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/irs.asp) instead of having a physical paper check sent through the mail.

## Can Anyone Send an E-Check?

Yes, but you must first sign up for an e-check service. This can be done through your bank or a payment processor such as Square, Stripe, or PayPal. Then you'll need to provide the payment details and authorize the payment.

## Can You Send an E-Check Instantly?

E-checks are sent online instantly, but processing them tends to take longer than other online payments done through apps because they are transferred using the [automated clearing house (ACH)](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/ach.asp) network. E-checks can take several business days to clear.

## Is It Safe to Pay With E-Checks?

Although e-checks are as vulnerable as any other online bank transaction, they can be considered safer than traditional paper checks, which are riskier because they are tangible, physical documents—which can be stolen and forged.

## The Bottom Line

Electronic checks, or e-checks, offer a digital alternative to traditional paper checks, providing enhanced security and reduced transaction costs. By leveraging the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network, e-checks streamline the transfer of funds between checking accounts, making them a cost-effective choice for both businesses and individuals. Despite taking longer to clear than other online payments, e-checks remain a convenient and reliable payment method in e-commerce and direct deposit systems.

> **Article Sources**
>
> 1.  The Wall Street Journal. "[U.S. Companies Cling to Writing Paper Checks](https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-companies-cling-to-writing-paper-checks-1394494772)."
>     
> 2.  PaySimple. "[The 12 Most Popular Questions (and Answers) About eChecks](https://paysimple.com/blog/how-do-echecks-work/)."
>     
> 3.  Internal Revenue Service. “[Get Your Refund Faster: Tell IRS to Direct Deposit your Refund to One, Two, or Three Accounts](https://www.irs.gov/refunds/get-your-refund-faster-tell-irs-to-direct-deposit-your-refund-to-one-two-or-three-accounts).”