# Bounced Checks Explained: Consequences, Fees, and How to Avoid Them

> **Definition**
>
> A bounced check is a check that cannot be processed because the account does not have enough funds to cover the payment.

## What Is a Bounced Check?

A bounced check is a check returned due to [non-sufficient funds (NSF)](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nsf.asp). The potential consequences of a bounced check for an accountholder include bank fees, negative credit implications, and potential legal troubles (such as charges for a misdemeanor or felony). You can prevent bounced checks with overdraft protection and diligent account management.

### Key Takeaways

*   A bounced check occurs due to insufficient funds, leading to fees and potential legal issues.
*   Writing bounced checks can harm credit scores and limit future banking options.
*   Overdraft protection can prevent bounced checks by covering shortfalls with a linked credit line.
*   Merchants may refuse checks if connected to unpaid checks reported by systems like TeleCheck.
*   Regularly tracking bank balances and using alternative payment methods can help avoid writing bounced checks.

## The Consequences of a Bounced Check

Account holders might accidentally write a bad check if they don’t realize their balances are low. Some use [overdraft](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/overdraft.asp) protection by linking a [line of credit](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/lineofcredit.asp) to their account. If overdrawn, the [bank](https://www.investopedia.com/the-best-banking-apps-8764474) will use this line of credit to cover the overdraft.

A bounced check may result in overdraft fees, restrictions on writing additional checks, and negative impacts on your [credit score](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/credit_score.asp). Writing too many bounced checks may also prevent you from being allowed to pay merchants by check in the future.

Many merchants use a verification system called TeleCheck to help them determine if a customer’s check is good. If this system connects the check you’ve just presented for payment to a history of unpaid checks, the merchant will decline your check and ask you for a different form of payment.

## Bounced Check Fees and Overdraft Costs

If an account has insufficient funds, and a bank bounces a check, it charges the account holder an NSF fee. If the bank pays or honors a check while the account has a negative balance, the bank charges an overdraft fee. If the account remains negative, the bank may charge an extended overdraft fee.

Bank charges for bounced checks and overdrafts vary. In 2024, the average overdraft fee was $27.08, up from $26.61 in 2023. Banks typically charge this fee on checks, electronic payments, and some [debit card](https://www.investopedia.com/the-best-debit-cards-for-teens-11689751) transactions.

## The Process After a Check Bounces

Bank and [credit union](https://www.investopedia.com/the-best-credit-unions-8783335) fees are just one part of bouncing a check. In many cases, the payee also assesses a charge. For example, if someone writes a check to the grocery store and the check bounces, the grocery store may reserve the right to redeposit the check and require the check writer to pay them a bounced-check fee.

If a check bounces, the payee may report it to [debit bureaus](https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/112515/does-netspend-report-credit-bureaus.asp) like [ChexSystems](https://www.investopedia.com/what-to-know-and-do-if-you-re-listed-in-chexsystems-5179535), which tracks financial data for accounts. Negative reports with ChexSystems can make opening future [checking](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/checkingaccount.asp) and [savings accounts](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/savingsaccount.asp) difficult.

> **Warning**
>
> In some cases, businesses collect a list of customers who have bounced checks and ban them from writing checks at that facility or location again.

## Tips for Preventing Bounced Checks

Consumers can reduce the number of bounced checks they write by tracking their bank balances, [recording every debit and deposit](https://www.investopedia.com/the-best-budgeting-apps-11725751) on a check register as soon as it occurs, and keeping close tabs on their checking account by using [online banking](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/onlinebanking.asp).

Consumers also can fund a savings account and link it to their checking account to cover overdrafts. Alternatively, consumers may write fewer checks or use [cash](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cash.asp), [debit cards](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/debitcard.asp), and immediate online payments such as [mobile wallets](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mobile-wallet.asp), [PayPal](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/paypal.asp), or the like for discretionary spending.

> **Tip**
>
> Ensure you know the person giving you a check. Banks typically make deposited funds available before the check clears. In other words, the deposited check could still be fraudulent even though you have available funds to withdraw from your account. It can take weeks for a bank to investigate and identify a fake check.

## How Serious Is a Bounced Check?

If you write a check, but your account has insufficient funds to cover the amount, your bank will likely charge you a non-sufficient funds (NSF) fee and potentially an overdraft fee. 

The business to which you wrote the bounced check may also levy a charge against you for the lack of payment. [Other consequences](https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/081414/how-does-bouncing-check-affect-my-credit-score.asp) of a bounced check include businesses refusing to accept your checks, a reduction of your credit score, and possibly even legal trouble.

## How Long Does It Take for a Check to Bounce?

Generally speaking, a check for an amount over $225 won’t clear until two or more business days after it’s deposited at a bank. Similarly, it typically takes at least two business days for a bad check to bounce.

## Will My Bank Notify Me If a Check Bounces?

Banks are not required to notify an account holder when a check they signed bounces due to non-sufficient funds. However, some banks may offer options for customers to enroll in/sign up for [overdraft](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/overdraft.asp) notifications.

## Do Banks Forgive Bounced Checks?

If a check you deposited is returned for insufficient funds, your bank can reverse the credit and charge a fee. As the person receiving the payment, you must pursue the writer of the check if you wish to seek reimbursement.

## The Bottom Line

From costly fees to hampering your ability to open new checking and savings accounts, bounced checks can have serious consequences. It's important to maintain sufficient funds in your account to avoid writing bad checks. If you’re concerned about accidentally writing a bad check, consider overdraft protection through your bank, which links a savings account or credit line to the checking and funds shortfalls due to overdrafts. It's also a good idea to track bank balances closely through online banking and check registers to prevent NSF situations. Moreover, you can minimize the number of checks you write with alternative payment methods like cash, debit cards, or mobile wallets.

> **Article Sources**
>
> 1.  HG.org. “[Consequences of Writing a Bad Check](https://www.hg.org/legal-articles/consequences-of-writing-a-bad-check-40680).”
>     
> 2.  TeleCheck. “[FAQs](https://getassistance.telecheck.com/faq.html).”
>     
> 3.  Bankrate. “[Survey: Free Checking Accounts on the Rise as Total ATM Fees Fall](https://www.bankrate.com/banking/checking/checking-account-survey/#overdraft).”
>     
> 4.  ChexSystems. “[ChexSystems® Frequently Asked Questions](https://www.chexsystems.com/answers-to-frequently-asked-questions).”
>     
> 5.  Federal Trade Commission. "[How To Spot, Avoid, and Report Fake Check Scams](https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/how-spot-avoid-report-fake-check-scams#Types)."
>     
> 6.  Experian. “[How You Can Recover from a Bounced Check](https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/how-to-recover-from-bounced-check).”
>     
> 7.  Experian. “[How Long Does It Take for a Check to Clear](https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/how-long-does-it-take-for-a-check-to-clear/)?”
>     
> 8.  HelpWithMyBank.gov, U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. “[I Wrote a Check That Was Returned Because of Insufficient Funds (NSF) in My Account. But, the Bank Never Notified Me, So Other Checks Bounced and I Got Hit with Several Overdraft Fees. Shouldn’t the Bank Have Sent Me a Notice?](https://www.helpwithmybank.gov/help-topics/bank-accounts/nsf-fees-overdraft-protection/nsf-fees/nsf-multiple-fees.html)”
>     
> 9.  HelpWithMyBank. "[I Deposited a Third-Party Check and Spent Some of the Funds. My Bank Has Now Informed Me That This Check Was Returned Unpaid Due to Non-Sufficient Funds (NSF) and That I Am Liable for the Entire Amount. Is This Correct?](https://www.helpwithmybank.gov/help-topics/bank-accounts/nsf-fees-overdraft-protection/nsf-fees/nsf-third-party.html#:~:text=If%20your%20bank%20credited%20your,you%20wish%20to%20seek%20reimbursement.)"