# What Is a DUNS Number? Business Identification Explained

## What Is a Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS) Number?

A Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS) number, created by Dun & Bradstreet, is a unique nine-digit identifier used to establish a business profile. This number is essential for businesses of all sizes, from small businesses to major corporations, and is the most prevalent method for identifying companies in the U.S.

A DUNS number is often required for securing government contracts and engaging in international trade. It helps businesses showcase their credibility and connect with clients and partners by providing detailed company information in the D&B database.

### Key Takeaways

*   A DUNS number is a unique nine-digit identifier for businesses created by Dun & Bradstreet.
*   This number is key for businesses seeking government contracts or federal grants.
*   DUNS numbers are free for U.S. companies but require registration through the DUNS website.
*   The identifier is crucial for conducting international business and confirming company credibility.
*   Each business location requires a separate DUNS number, ensuring specific identification.

## Understanding DUNS Numbers: Functionality and Importance

Dun & Bradstreet created its data universal numbering system (DUNS) in 1963 to identify businesses as part of its business [credit reporting](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/credit-reporting-agency.asp) system. In 1994, DUNS became the standard business identifier for federal government [electronic commerce](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/ecommerce.asp). 

Listed companies include large corporations, small businesses, nonprofits, and partnerships. Its users include the U.S. government, the [United Nations](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/united-nations-un.asp), and major retailers such as Target ([TGT](https://www.investopedia.com/markets/quote?tvwidgetsymbol=tgt)).

The DUNS number shares details on a company, including its official name, financial data, trade name, payment history, economic status, and executive names. The number also helps a company find info about other businesses and locate potential customers or partners. The federal government requires all existing and potential contract vendors, grant recipients, and cooperative agreement applicants to have a DUNS number.

Getting a DUNS number is optional, but needed for bidding on government contracts and applying for federal grants. It confirms a business's credibility and aids in dealings with retailers and some foreign countries.

## How to Apply for a DUNS Number: A Step-by-Step Guide

You can apply for a DUNS number through their website, and U.S. businesses can get it for free. An authorized representative of the company must complete the application, and receiving a DUNS number may take up to 30 days.

However, a DUNS number can be obtained for free within 24 hours if applying for a federal contract. The authorized representative of the company will need to provide a legal company name, headquarters company name and address, physical address, mailing address, telephone number, contact name and title, and the number of employees at the physical location.

Therefore, a company needs a separate DUNS for each location, like branches or headquarters. It is the organization's responsibility to manage its DUNS numbers and verify that information is accurate.

The [DUNS Number Lookup](https://www.dnb.com/duns-number/lookup.html) tool is used to check whether a business has a DUNS number. The D&B database allows for accessing the company's D&B business credit score, reviewing and updating an existing D&B credit report, viewing and printing a copy of its D&B credit report, reviewing and disputing payment history, and updating financial information.

## Key Considerations for Managing Your DUNS Number

The DUNS number is used to identify a business registered with Dun & Bradstreet. The listing of companies with another credit bureau, such as Experian, will not be found on the D&B database since the credit bureaus each maintain unique databases and do not share data with one another.

## The Bottom Line

A Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS) number is a vital tool for businesses aiming to establish credibility and pursue growth opportunities. Created by Dun & Bradstreet in 1963, this unique nine-digit identifier is voluntary for most businesses but mandatory for securing federal contracts, grants, and state or local government bids.

U.S.-based companies can obtain a DUNS number for free, with expedited 24-hour processing available for federal contract applications. Each physical business requires its own DUNS number, making it useful for identifying partners, vendors, and customers. Keeping information current in the D&B database is essential to maintain credibility and maximize opportunities.  

> **Article Sources**
>
> 1.  Dun & Bradstreet. "[The Dun & Bradstreet D-U-N-S Number: The Universal Standard for Business Identification](https://www.dnb.com/content/dam/english/dnb-data-insight/db-duns-number-factsheet.pdf)," Pages 1-2.
>     
> 2.  Congressional Research Service. "[Unique Identification Codes for Federal Contractors: DUNS Numbers and CAGE Codes](https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20170531_R44490_f8ac27193a52535e01d26717ac8fd3ab93bff5db.pdf)," Page 2.
>     
> 3.  North American Industry Classification System. "[NAICS Profile Page-Target Stores Inc](https://www.naics.com/company-profile-page/?co=8258)."
>     
> 4.  Dun & Bradstreet. "[Dun & Bradstreet D‑U‑N‑S Number](https://www.dnb.com/duns-number.html)."
>     
> 5.  Dun & Bradstreet. "[D-U-N-S Number Guide](https://www.dnb.com/content/dam/english/dnb-data-insight/duns-number/duns_number_guide.pdf)," Page 1.