stasvinokur/cve-and-cwe-dataset-1999-2025 huggingface dataset:
CVE-2023-23524 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-400)
A denial-of-service issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in tvOS 16.3.2, iOS 16.3.1 and iPadOS 16.3.1, watchOS 9.3.1, macOS Ventura 13.2.1. Processing a maliciously crafted certificate may lead to a denial-of-service.
CVE-2023-23525 (severity: HIGH, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5. An app may be able to gain root privileges.
CVE-2023-23526 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
This was addressed with additional checks by Gatekeeper on files downloaded from an iCloud shared-by-me folder. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4. A file from an iCloud shared-by-me folder may be able to bypass Gatekeeper.
CVE-2023-23527 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, tvOS 16.4, watchOS 9.4. A user may gain access to protected parts of the file system.
CVE-2023-23528 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-125)
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in tvOS 16.4, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4. Processing a maliciously crafted Bluetooth packet may result in disclosure of process memory.
CVE-2023-23529 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-843)
A type confusion issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, iOS 16.3.1 and iPadOS 16.3.1, macOS Ventura 13.2.1, Safari 16.3. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.
CVE-2023-2353 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The CHP Ads Block Detector plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized plugin settings update and reset due to a missing capability check on the chp_abd_action function in versions up to, and including, 3.9.4. This makes it possible for subscriber-level attackers to change or reset plugin settings. CVE-2023-36509 appears to be a duplicate of this issue.
CVE-2023-23530 (severity: HIGH, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.2, iOS 16.3 and iPadOS 16.3. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code out of its sandbox or with certain elevated privileges.
CVE-2023-23531 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-787)
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.2, iOS 16.3 and iPadOS 16.3. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code out of its sandbox or with certain elevated privileges.
CVE-2023-23532 (severity: HIGH, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, iOS 15.7.6 and iPadOS 15.7.6. An app may be able to break out of its sandbox.
CVE-2023-23533 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, macOS Monterey 12.6.4. An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system.
CVE-2023-23534 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5. Processing a maliciously crafted image may result in disclosure of process memory.
CVE-2023-23535 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-120)
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5, iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, macOS Monterey 12.6.6, tvOS 16.4, watchOS 9.4. Processing a maliciously crafted image may result in disclosure of process memory.
CVE-2023-23536 (severity: HIGH, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5, iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, tvOS 16.4, watchOS 9.4. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.
CVE-2023-23537 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
A privacy issue was addressed with improved private data redaction for log entries. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, watchOS 9.4, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5. An app may be able to read sensitive location information.
CVE-2023-23538 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-863)
A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, macOS Monterey 12.6.4. An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system.
CVE-2023-23539 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-120)
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.2. Mounting a maliciously crafted Samba network share may lead to arbitrary code execution.
CVE-2023-2354 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The CHP Ads Block Detector plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via admin settings reachable though an AJAX action in versions up to, and including, 3.9.4 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level permissions and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVE-2023-23540 (severity: HIGH, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.7.8 and iPadOS 15.7.8, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges.
CVE-2023-23541 (severity: LOW, weakness: CWE-922)
A privacy issue was addressed with improved private data redaction for log entries. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4. An app may be able to access information about a user’s contacts.
CVE-2023-23542 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-922)
A privacy issue was addressed with improved private data redaction for log entries. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5. An app may be able to access user-sensitive data.
CVE-2023-23543 (severity: LOW, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The issue was addressed with additional restrictions on the observability of app states. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, watchOS 9.4. A sandboxed app may be able to determine which app is currently using the camera.
CVE-2023-23545 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-306)
Missing authentication for critical function exists in T&D Corporation and ESPEC MIC CORP. data logger products, which may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to alter the product settings without authentication. Affected products and versions are as follows: T&D Corporation data logger products (TR-71W/72W all firmware versions, RTR-5W all firmware versions, WDR-7 all firmware versions, WDR-3 all firmware versions, and WS-2 all firmware versions), and ESPEC MIC CORP. data logger products (RT-12N/RS-12N all firmware versions, RT-22BN all firmware versions, and TEU-12N all firmware versions).
CVE-2023-23546 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-295)
A misconfiguration vulnerability exists in the urvpn_client functionality of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5. A specially-crafted man-in-the-middle attack can lead to increased privileges. An attacker can perform a man-in-the-middle attack to trigger this vulnerability.
CVE-2023-23547 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-22)
A directory traversal vulnerability exists in the luci2-io file-export mib functionality of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5. A specially crafted network request can lead to arbitrary file read. An attacker can send a network request to trigger this vulnerability.
CVE-2023-23548 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-80)
Reflected XSS in business intelligence in Checkmk <2.2.0p8, <2.1.0p32, <2.0.0p38, <=1.6.0p30.
CVE-2023-23549 (severity: LOW, weakness: CWE-1284)
Improper Input Validation in Checkmk <2.2.0p15, <2.1.0p37, <=2.0.0p39 allows priviledged attackers to cause partial denial of service of the UI via too long hostnames.
CVE-2023-2355 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-427)
Local privilege escalation due to a DLL hijacking vulnerability. The following products are affected: Acronis Snap Deploy (Windows) before build 3900.
CVE-2023-23550 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-77)
An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the ys_thirdparty user_delete functionality of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5. A specially crafted network packet can lead to command execution. An attacker can send a sequence of requests to trigger this vulnerability.
CVE-2023-23551 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: CWE-94)
Control By Web X-600M devices run Lua scripts and are vulnerable to code injection, which could allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.
CVE-2023-23552 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-400)
On versions 17.0.x before 17.0.0.2, 16.1.x before 16.1.3.3, 15.1.0 before 15.1.8, 14.1.x before 14.1.5.3, and all versions of 13.1.x, when a BIG-IP Advanced WAF or BIG-IP ASM security policy is configured on a virtual server, undisclosed requests can cause an increase in memory resource utilization. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
CVE-2023-23553 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Control By Web X-400 devices are vulnerable to a cross-site scripting attack, which could result in private and session information being transferred to the attacker.
CVE-2023-23554 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-427)
Uncontrolled search path element vulnerability exists in pg_ivm versions prior to 1.5.1. When refreshing an IMMV, pg_ivm executes functions without specifying schema names. Under certain conditions, pg_ivm may be tricked to execute unexpected functions from other schemas with the IMMV owner's privilege. If this vulnerability is exploited, an unexpected function provided by an attacker may be executed with the privilege of the materialized view owner.
CVE-2023-23555 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-665)
On BIG-IP Virtual Edition versions 15.1x beginning in 15.1.4 to before 15.1.8 and 14.1.x beginning in 14.1.5 to before 14.1.5.3, and BIG-IP SPK beginning in 1.5.0 to before 1.6.0, when FastL4 profile is configured on a virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) to terminate. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
CVE-2023-23556 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: CWE-787)
An error in BigInt conversion to Number in Hermes prior to commit a6dcafe6ded8e61658b40f5699878cd19a481f80 could have been used by a malicious attacker to execute arbitrary code due to an out-of-bound write. Note that this bug is only exploitable in cases where Hermes is used to execute untrusted JavaScript. Hence, most React Native applications are not affected.
CVE-2023-23557 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: CWE-843)
An error in Hermes' algorithm for copying objects properties prior to commit a00d237346894c6067a594983be6634f4168c9ad could be used by a malicious attacker to execute arbitrary code via type confusion. Note that this is only exploitable in cases where Hermes is used to execute untrusted JavaScript. Hence, most React Native applications are not affected.
CVE-2023-23558 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-59)
In Eternal Terminal 6.2.1, TelemetryService uses fixed paths in /tmp. For example, a local attacker can create /tmp/.sentry-native-etserver with mode 0777 before the etserver process is started. The attacker can choose to read sensitive information from that file, or modify the information in that file.
CVE-2023-23559 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-190)
In rndis_query_oid in drivers/net/wireless/rndis_wlan.c in the Linux kernel through 6.1.5, there is an integer overflow in an addition.
CVE-2023-2356 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: CWE-23)
Relative Path Traversal in GitHub repository mlflow/mlflow prior to 2.3.1.
CVE-2023-23560 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: CWE-918)
In certain Lexmark products through 2023-01-12, SSRF can occur because of a lack of input validation.
CVE-2023-23561 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-346)
Stormshield Endpoint Security 2.3.0 through 2.3.2 has Incorrect Access Control: authenticated users can read sensitive information.
CVE-2023-23562 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
Stormshield Endpoint Security 2.3.0 through 2.3.2 has Incorrect Access Control that allows an authenticated user can update global parameters.
CVE-2023-23563 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-89)
An issue was discovered in Geomatika IsiGeo Web 6.0. It allows remote authenticated users to obtain sensitive database content via SQL Injection.
CVE-2023-23564 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-77)
An issue was discovered in Geomatika IsiGeo Web 6.0. It allows remote authenticated users to execute commands.
CVE-2023-23565 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-98)
An issue was discovered in Geomatika IsiGeo Web 6.0. It allows remote authenticated users to retrieve PHP files from the server via Local File Inclusion.
CVE-2023-23566 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: CWE-276)
A 2-Step Verification problem in Axigen 10.3.3.52 allows an attacker to access a mailbox by bypassing 2-Step Verification when they try to add an account to any third-party webmail service (or add an account to Outlook or Gmail, etc.) with IMAP or POP3 without any verification code.
CVE-2023-23567 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-119)
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the CreateDIBfromPict functionality of Accusoft ImageGear 20.1. A specially crafted file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
CVE-2023-23568 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-285)
Improper privilege validation in Command Centre Server allows authenticated unprivileged operators to modify and view Personal Data Fields. This issue affects Command Centre: vEL 8.90 prior to vEL8.90.1318 (MR1), vEL8.80 prior to vEL8.80.1192 (MR2), vEL8.70 prior to vEL8.70.2185 (MR4), vEL8.60 prior to vEL8.60.2347 (MR6), vEL8.50 prior to vEL8.50.2831 (MR8), all versions vEL8.40 and prior
CVE-2023-23569 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-121)
Stack-based buffer overflow for some Intel(R) Trace Analyzer and Collector software before version 2021.8.0 published Dec 2022 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
CVE-2023-23570 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-602)
Client-Side enforcement of Server-Side security for the Command Centre server could be bypassed and lead to invalid configuration with undefined behavior. This issue affects: Gallagher Command Centre 8.90 prior to vEL8.90.1620 (MR2), all versions of 8.80 and prior.
CVE-2023-23571 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-126)
An access violation vulnerability exists in the eventcore functionality of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5. A specially crafted network request can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send a network request to trigger this vulnerability.
CVE-2023-23572 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Cross-site scripting vulnerability in SEIKO EPSON printers/network interface Web Config allows a remote authenticated attacker with an administrative privilege to inject an arbitrary script. [Note] Web Config is the software that allows users to check the status and change the settings of SEIKO EPSON printers/network interface via a web browser. According to SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION, it is also called as Remote Manager in some products. Web Config is pre-installed in some printers/network interface provided by SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION. For the details of the affected product names/model numbers, refer to the information provided by the vendor.
CVE-2023-23573 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-284)
Improper access control in the Intel(R) Unite(R) android application before Release 17 may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.
CVE-2023-23574 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
A blind SQL Injection vulnerability in Nozomi Networks Guardian and CMC, due to improper input validation in the alerts_count component, allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary SQL statements on the DBMS used by the web application. Authenticated users may be able to extract arbitrary information from the DBMS in an uncontrolled way, alter its structure and data, and/or affect its availability.
CVE-2023-23575 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-284)
Improper access control vulnerability in CONPROSYS IoT Gateway products allows a remote authenticated attacker to bypass access restriction and access Network Maintenance page, which may result in obtaining the network information of the product. The affected products and versions are as follows: M2M Gateway with the firmware Ver.3.7.10 and earlier (CPS-MG341-ADSC1-111, CPS-MG341-ADSC1-931, CPS-MG341G-ADSC1-111, CPS-MG341G-ADSC1-930, and CPS-MG341G5-ADSC1-931), M2M Controller Integrated Type with firmware Ver.3.7.6 and earlier versions (CPS-MC341-ADSC1-111, CPS-MC341-ADSC1-931, CPS-MC341-ADSC2-111, CPS-MC341G-ADSC1-110, CPS-MC341Q-ADSC1-111, CPS-MC341-DS1-111, CPS-MC341-DS11-111, CPS-MC341-DS2-911, and CPS-MC341-A1-111), and M2M Controller Configurable Type with firmware Ver.3.8.8 and earlier versions (CPS-MCS341-DS1-111, CPS-MCS341-DS1-131, CPS-MCS341G-DS1-130, CPS-MCS341G5-DS1-130, and CPS-MCS341Q-DS1-131).
CVE-2023-23576 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-696)
Incorrect behavior order in the Command Centre Server could allow privileged users to gain physical access to the site for longer than intended after a network outage when competencies are used in the access decision. This issue affects: Gallagher Command Centre: 8.90 prior to vEL8.90.1620 (MR2), 8.80 prior to vEL8.80.1369 (MR3), 8.70 prior to vEL8.70.2375 (MR5), 8.60 prior to vEL8.60.2550 (MR7), all versions of 8.50 and prior.
CVE-2023-23577 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-427)
Uncontrolled search path element for some ITE Tech consumer infrared drivers before version 5.5.2.1 for Intel(R) NUC may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
CVE-2023-23578 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-346)
Improper access control vulnerability in SkyBridge MB-A200 firmware Ver. 01.00.05 and earlier allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to connect to the product's ADB port.
CVE-2023-23579 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-787)
Datakit CrossCadWare_x64.dll contains an out-of-bounds write past the end of an allocated buffer while parsing a specially crafted SLDPRT file. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.
CVE-2023-2358 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-257)
Hitachi Vantara Pentaho Business Analytics Server prior to versions 9.5.0.0 and 9.3.0.4, including 8.3.x.x, saves passwords of the Hadoop Copy Files step in plaintext.
CVE-2023-23580 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-121)
Stack-based buffer overflow for some Intel(R) Trace Analyzer and Collector software before version 2021.8.0 published Dec 2022 may allow an authenticated user to potentially escalation of privilege via local access.
CVE-2023-23581 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-125)
A denial-of-service vulnerability exists in the vpnserver EnSafeHttpHeaderValueStr functionality of SoftEther VPN 5.01.9674 and 5.02. A specially crafted network packet can lead to denial of service.
CVE-2023-23582 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: CWE-122)
Snap One Wattbox WB-300-IP-3 versions WB10.9a17 and prior are vulnerable to a heap-based buffer overflow, which could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code or crash the device remotely.
CVE-2023-23583 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-1281)
Sequence of processor instructions leads to unexpected behavior for some Intel(R) Processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege and/or information disclosure and/or denial of service via local access.
CVE-2023-23584 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-204)
An observable response discrepancy in the Gallagher Command Centre RESTAPI allows an insufficiently-privileged user to infer the presence of items that would not otherwise be viewable. This issue affects: Gallagher Command Centre 8.70 prior to vEL8.70.1787 (MR2), 8.60 prior to vEL8.60.2039 (MR4), all version of 8.50 and prior.
CVE-2023-23585 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-787)
Experion server DoS due to heap overflow occurring during the handling of a specially crafted message for a specific configuration operation. See Honeywell Security Notification for recommendations on upgrading and versioning.
CVE-2023-23586 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-416)
Due to a vulnerability in the io_uring subsystem, it is possible to leak kernel memory information to the user process. timens_install calls current_is_single_threaded to determine if the current process is single-threaded, but this call does not consider io_uring's io_worker threads, thus it is possible to insert a time namespace's vvar page to process's memory space via a page fault. When this time namespace is destroyed, the vvar page is also freed, but not removed from the process' memory, and a next page allocated by the kernel will be still available from the user-space process and can leak memory contents via this (read-only) use-after-free vulnerability. We recommend upgrading past version 5.10.161 or commit 788d0824269bef539fe31a785b1517882eafed93 https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/io_uring
CVE-2023-23588 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-200)
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC IPC1047 (All versions), SIMATIC IPC1047E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager < 4.09.00.25611 on Windows), SIMATIC IPC647D (All versions), SIMATIC IPC647E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager < 4.09.00.25611 on Windows), SIMATIC IPC847D (All versions), SIMATIC IPC847E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager < 4.09.00.25611 on Windows). The Adaptec Maxview application on affected devices is using a non-unique TLS certificate across installations to protect the communication from the local browser to the local application. A local attacker may use this key to decrypt intercepted local traffic between the browser and the application and could perform a man-in-the-middle attack in order to modify data in transit.
CVE-2023-23589 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-693)
The SafeSocks option in Tor before 0.4.7.13 has a logic error in which the unsafe SOCKS4 protocol can be used but not the safe SOCKS4a protocol, aka TROVE-2022-002.
CVE-2023-2359 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-94)
The Slider Revolution WordPress plugin through 6.6.12 does not check for valid image files upon import, leading to an arbitrary file upload which may be escalated to Remote Code Execution in some server configurations.
CVE-2023-23590 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-400)
Mercedes-Benz XENTRY Retail Data Storage 7.8.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device restart) via an unauthenticated API request. The attacker must be on the same network as the device.
CVE-2023-23591 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-532)
The Logback component in Terminalfour before 8.3.14.1 allows OS administrators to obtain sensitive information from application server logs when debug logging is enabled. The fixed versions are 8.2.18.7, 8.2.18.2.2, 8.3.11.1, and 8.3.14.1.
CVE-2023-23592 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-200)
WALLIX Access Manager 3.x through 4.0.x allows a remote attacker to access sensitive information.
CVE-2023-23594 (severity: CRITICAL, weakness: CWE-863)
An authentication bypass vulnerability in the web client interface for the CL4NX printer before firmware version 1.13.3-u724_r2 provides remote unauthenticated attackers with access to execute commands intended only for valid/authenticated users, such as file uploads and configuration changes.