stasvinokur/cve-and-cwe-dataset-1999-2025 huggingface dataset:
CVE-2009-4045 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in FrontAccounting (FA) before 2.1.7 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified parameters to various .inc and .php files in (1) reporting/, (2) sales/, (3) sales/includes/, (4) sales/includes/db/, (5) sales/inquiry/, (6) sales/manage/, (7) sales/view/, (8) taxes/, and (9) taxes/db/.
CVE-2009-4046 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in FrontAccounting (FA) 2.2.x before 2.2 RC allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified parameters to (1) bank_accounts.php, (2) currencies.php, (3) exchange_rates.php, (4) gl_account_types.php, and (5) gl_accounts.php in gl/manage/; and (6) audit_trail_db.inc, (7) comments_db.inc, (8) inventory_db.inc, (9) manufacturing_db.inc, and (10) references_db.inc in includes/db/.
CVE-2009-4047 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in PHD Help Desk 1.43 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via (1) the PATH_INFO to area.php; the (2) pagina, (3) sentido, (4) q_registros, and (5) orden parameters to area.php; (6) the q_registros parameter to solic_display.php; (7) the PATH_INFO to area_list.php; (8) the q_registros parameter to area_list.php; (9) the PATH_INFO to atributo.php; the (10) pagina, (11) q_registros, and (12) orden parameters to atributo_list.php; (13) an arbitrary parameter name beginning with "sentido" to atributo_list.php; and (14) the PATH_INFO to caso_insert.php. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
CVE-2009-4048 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
Dxmsoft XM Easy Personal FTP Server 5.8.0 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (daemon outage) via an APPE command to one socket in conjunction with a DELE command to a second socket.
CVE-2009-4049 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-119)
Heap-based buffer overflow in aswRdr.sys (aka the TDI RDR driver) in avast! Home and Professional 4.8.1356.0 allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly gain privileges via crafted arguments to IOCTL 0x80002024.
CVE-2009-4050 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-22)
Directory traversal vulnerability in get_file.php in phpMyBackupPro 2.1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via directory traversal sequences in the view parameter. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
CVE-2009-4051 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-20)
Home FTP Server 1.10.1.139 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon outage) via multiple invalid SITE INDEX commands.
CVE-2009-4052 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the JSF Widget Library Runtime in IBM Rational Application Developer for WebSphere Software before 7.0.0.10 and Rational Software Architect before 7.0.0.10 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors involving (1) the JSF Tree Control and (2) the JavaScript Resource Servlet.
CVE-2009-4053 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-22)
Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in Home FTP Server 1.10.1.139 allow remote authenticated users to (1) create arbitrary directories via directory traversal sequences in an MKD command or (2) create files with any contents in arbitrary directories via directory traversal sequences in a file upload request. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
CVE-2009-4055 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
rtp.c in Asterisk Open Source 1.2.x before 1.2.37, 1.4.x before 1.4.27.1, 1.6.0.x before 1.6.0.19, and 1.6.1.x before 1.6.1.11; Business Edition B.x.x before B.2.5.13, C.2.x.x before C.2.4.6, and C.3.x.x before C.3.2.3; and s800i 1.3.x before 1.3.0.6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via an RTP comfort noise payload with a long data length.
CVE-2009-4056 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-22)
Directory traversal vulnerability in admin/popup.php in Betsy CMS 3.5 allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a .. (dot dot) in the popup parameter.
CVE-2009-4057 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
SQL injection vulnerability in the inertialFATE iF Portfolio Nexus (com_if_nexus) component 1.1 for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the id parameter in an item action to index.php.
CVE-2009-4058 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
SQL injection vulnerability in allauctions.php in Telebid Auction Script allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the aid parameter.
CVE-2009-4059 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-89)
SQL injection vulnerability in the JoomClip (com_joomclip) component for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the cat parameter in a thumbs action to index.php.
CVE-2009-4060 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
SQL injection vulnerability in includes/content/viewProd.inc.php in CubeCart before 4.3.7 remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the productId parameter.
CVE-2009-4061 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the Agreement module 6.x before 6.x-1.2 for Drupal allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4062 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the Printfriendly module 6.x before 6.x-1.6 for Drupal allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4063 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Subgroups for Organic Groups (OG) module 5.x before 5.x-4.0 and 5.x before 5.x-3.4 for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified node titles.
CVE-2009-4064 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Gallery Assist module 6.x before 6.x-1.7 for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via node titles.
CVE-2009-4065 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the settings page in the Strongarm module 6.x before 6.x-1.1 for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the value field when viewing overridden variables.
CVE-2009-4066 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-352)
Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in the "My Account" feature in PHPList Integration module 5 before 5.x-1.2 and 6 before 6.x-1.1 for Drupal allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users via vectors related to (1) subscribing or (2) unsubscribing to mailing lists.
CVE-2009-4067 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-120)
Buffer overflow in the auerswald_probe function in the Auerswald Linux USB driver for the Linux kernel before 2.6.27 allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code, cause a denial of service via a crafted USB device, or take full control of the system.
CVE-2009-4069 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in GForge 4.5.14, 4.7.3, and possibly other versions allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4070 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
SQL injection vulnerability in GForge 4.5.14, 4.7.3, and possibly other versions allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unknown vectors.
CVE-2009-4071 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-16)
Opera before 10.10, when exception stacktraces are enabled, places scripting error messages from a web site into variables that can be read by a different web site, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information or conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4072 (severity: HIGH, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
Unspecified vulnerability in Opera before 10.10 has unknown impact and attack vectors, related to a "moderately severe issue."
CVE-2009-4073 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-200)
The printing functionality in Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 allows remote attackers to discover a local pathname, and possibly a local username, by reading the dc:title element of a PDF document that was generated from a local web page.
CVE-2009-4074 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The XSS Filter in Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 allows remote attackers to leverage the "response-changing mechanism" to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks against web sites that have no inherent XSS vulnerabilities, related to the details of output encoding and improper modification of an HTML attribute, aka "XSS Filter Script Handling Vulnerability."
CVE-2009-4075 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
Unspecified vulnerability in the timeout mechanism in sshd in Sun Solaris 10, and OpenSolaris snv_99 through snv_123, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon outage) via unknown vectors that trigger a "dangling sshd authentication thread."
CVE-2009-4076 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-352)
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Roundcube Webmail 0.2.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified users for requests that modify user information via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-4077.
CVE-2009-4077 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-352)
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Roundcube Webmail 0.2.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of unspecified users for requests that send arbitrary emails via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-4076.
CVE-2009-4078 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in Redmine 0.8.5 and earlier allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4079 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-352)
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Redmine 0.8.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that delete a ticket via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4080 (severity: LOW, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in ldap_cachemgr (aka the LDAP client configuration cache daemon) in Sun Solaris 9 and 10, and OpenSolaris before snv_78, allow local users to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via vectors involving multiple serviceSearchDescriptor attributes and a call to the getldap_lookup function, and unspecified other vectors.
CVE-2009-4081 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
Untrusted search path vulnerability in dstat before r3199 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse Python module in the current working directory, a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-3894.
CVE-2009-4082 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-94)
PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in forums/Forum_Include/index.php in Outreach Project Tool (OPT) 1.2.7 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the CRM_path parameter.
CVE-2009-4083 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in e107 0.7.16 and earlier allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors in (1) submitnews.php, (2) usersettings.php; and (3) newpost.php, (4) banlist.php, (5) banner.php, (6) cpage.php, (7) download.php, (8) users_extended.php, (9) frontpage.php, (10) links.php, and (11) mailout.php in e107_admin/. NOTE: this may overlap CVE-2004-2040 and CVE-2006-4794, but there are insufficient details to be certain.
CVE-2009-4084 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
SQL injection vulnerability in the search feature in e107 0.7.16 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4085 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-94)
PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in assets/plugins/mp3_id/mp3_id.php in PHP Traverser 0.8.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the GLOBALS[BASE] parameter. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
CVE-2009-4086 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-20)
CRLF injection vulnerability in Xerver HTTP Server 4.31 and 4.32 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via certain byte sequences at the end of a URL. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
CVE-2009-4087 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in index.php in telepark.wiki 2.4.23 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the PATH_INFO.
CVE-2009-4088 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-22)
Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in telepark.wiki 2.4.23 and earlier allow remote attackers to read arbitrary files via directory traversal sequences in the css parameter to (1) getjs.php and (2) getcsslocal.php; and include and execute arbitrary local files via the (3) group parameter to upload.php.
CVE-2009-4089 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-287)
telepark.wiki 2.4.23 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass authorization and (1) delete arbitrary pages via a modified pageID parameter to ajax/deletePage.php or (2) delete arbitrary comments via a modified pageID parameter to ajax/deleteComment.php.
CVE-2009-4090 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-20)
Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in ajax/addComment.php in telepark.wiki 2.4.23 and earlier script allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by uploading a file with a name containing a NULL byte.
CVE-2009-4091 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-264)
comments.php in Simplog 0.9.3.2, and possibly earlier, does not properly restrict access, which allows remote attackers to edit or delete comments via the (1) edit or (2) del action.
CVE-2009-4092 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-352)
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in user.php in Simplog 0.9.3.2, and possibly earlier, allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators and users for requests that change passwords.
CVE-2009-4093 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in comments.php in Simplog 0.9.3.2, and possibly earlier, allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) cname (Name) or (2) email parameters.
CVE-2009-4094 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-94)
PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in class/php/d4m_ajax_pagenav.php in the D4J eZine (com_ezine) component 2.1 for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the GLOBALS[mosConfig_absolute_path parameter.
CVE-2009-4095 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-287)
myPhile 1.2.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via an empty password. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
CVE-2009-4096 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-255)
RADIO istek scripti 2.5 stores sensitive information under the web root with insufficient access control, which allows remote attackers to obtain user credentials via a direct request for estafresgaftesantusyan.inc.
CVE-2009-4097 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-119)
Stack-based buffer overflow in the MplayInputFile function in Serenity Audio Player 3.2.3 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long URL in an M3U file. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
CVE-2009-4098 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-20)
Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in banner-edit.php in OpenX adserver 2.8.1 and earlier allows remote authenticated users with banner / file upload permissions to execute arbitrary code by uploading a file with an executable extension, then accessing it via a direct request to the file in an images directory.
CVE-2009-4099 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
SQL injection vulnerability in the Google Calendar GCalendar (com_gcalendar) component 1.1.2, 2.1.4, and possibly earlier versions for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the gcid parameter. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
CVE-2009-4100 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-20)
Yoono extension before 6.1.1 for Firefox performs certain operations with chrome privileges, which allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands and perform cross-domain scripting attacks via DOM event handlers such as onload.
CVE-2009-4101 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-20)
infoRSS 1.1.4.2 and earlier extension for Firefox performs certain operations with chrome privileges, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands and perform cross-domain scripting attacks via the description tag of an RSS feed.
CVE-2009-4102 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-20)
Sage 1.4.3 and earlier extension for Firefox performs certain operations with chrome privileges, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands and perform cross-domain scripting attacks via the description tag of an RSS feed.
CVE-2009-4103 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-119)
Buffer overflow in Robo-FTP 3.6.17, and possibly other versions, allows remote FTP servers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via unspecified FTP server responses. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
CVE-2009-4104 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-89)
SQL injection vulnerability in Lyften Designs LyftenBloggie (com_lyftenbloggie) component 1.0.4 for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the author parameter to index.php.
CVE-2009-4105 (severity: LOW, weakness: CWE-20)
TYPSoft FTP Server 1.10 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (crash) by sending an APPE (append) command immediately followed by a DELE (delete) command without sending file data in between these two commands.
CVE-2009-4106 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-20)
Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in admintools/editpage-2.php in Agoko CMS 0.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject and execute arbitrary PHP code via the filename and text parameters.
CVE-2009-4107 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-119)
Buffer overflow in Invisible Browsing 5.0.52 allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted .ibkey file containing a long string.
CVE-2009-4108 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-119)
XM Easy Personal FTP Server 5.8.0 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (crash) by uploading or creating a large number of files or directories, then performing a LIST command.
CVE-2009-4109 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-200)
The install wizard in DotNetNuke 4.0 through 5.1.4 does not prevent anonymous users from accessing functionality related to determination of the need for an upgrade, which allows remote attackers to access version information and possibly other sensitive information.
CVE-2009-4110 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the search functionality in DotNetNuke 4.8 through 5.1.4 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via search terms that are not properly filtered before display in a custom results page.
CVE-2009-4111 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-94)
Argument injection vulnerability in Mail/sendmail.php in the Mail package 1.1.14, 1.2.0b2, and possibly other versions for PEAR allows remote attackers to read and write arbitrary files via a crafted $recipients parameter, and possibly other parameters, a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-4023.
CVE-2009-4112 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-264)
Cacti 0.8.7e and earlier allows remote authenticated administrators to gain privileges by modifying the "Data Input Method" for the "Linux - Get Memory Usage" setting to contain arbitrary commands.
CVE-2009-4113 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-94)
Static code injection vulnerability in the Categories module in CutePHP CuteNews 1.4.6 and UTF-8 CuteNews before 8b allows remote authenticated users with application administrative privileges to inject arbitrary PHP code into data/category.db.php via the Category Access field.
CVE-2009-4114 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-20)
kl1.sys in Kaspersky Anti-Virus 2010 9.0.0.463, and possibly other versions before 9.0.0.736, does not properly validate input to IOCTL 0x0022c008, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash) via IOCTL requests using crafted kernel addresses that trigger memory corruption, possibly related to klavemu.kdl.
CVE-2009-4115 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-94)
Multiple static code injection vulnerabilities in the Categories module in CutePHP CuteNews 1.4.6 allow remote authenticated users with application administrative privileges to inject arbitrary PHP code into data/category.db.php via the (1) category and (2) Icon URL fields; or (3) inject arbitrary PHP code into data/ipban.php via the add_ip parameter.
CVE-2009-4116 (severity: LOW, weakness: CWE-22)
Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in CutePHP CuteNews 1.4.6, when magic_quotes_gpc is disabled, allow remote authenticated users with editor or administrative application access to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the source parameter in a (1) list or (2) editnews action to the Editnews module, and (3) the save_con[skin] parameter in the Options module. NOTE: vector 3 can be leveraged for code execution by using a .. to include and execute arbitrary local files.
CVE-2009-4117 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-119)
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in pdf_shade4.c in MuPDF before commit 20091125231942, as used in SumatraPDF before 1.0.1, allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via a /Decode array for certain types of shading that are not properly handled by the (1) pdf_loadtype4shade, (2) pdf_loadtype5shade, (3) pdf_loadtype6shade, and (4) pdf_loadtype7shade functions. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
CVE-2009-4118 (severity: LOW, weakness: NVD-CWE-Other)
The StartServiceCtrlDispatcher function in the cvpnd service (cvpnd.exe) in Cisco VPN client for Windows before 5.0.06.0100 does not properly handle an ERROR_FAILED_SERVICE_CONTROLLER_CONNECT error, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (service crash and VPN connection loss) via a manual start of cvpnd.exe while the cvpnd service is running.
CVE-2009-4119 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-79)
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Feed Element Mapper module 5.x before 5.x-1.3, 6.x before 6.x-1.3, and 6.x-2.0-alpha before 6.x-2.0-alpha4 for Drupal allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4120 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-352)
Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Quick.Cart 3.4 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of the administrator for requests that (1) delete orders via an orders-delete action to admin.php, and possibly (2) delete products or (3) delete pages via unspecified vectors.
CVE-2009-4121 (severity: MEDIUM, weakness: CWE-352)
Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Quick.CMS 2.4 and Quick.CMS.Lite 2.4 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of the administrator for requests that (1) delete web pages via a p-delete action to admin.php, and possibly (2) delete products or (3) delete orders via unspecified vectors. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
CVE-2009-4123 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-295)
The jruby-openssl gem before 0.6 for JRuby mishandles SSL certificate validation.
CVE-2009-4124 (severity: HIGH, weakness: CWE-119)
Heap-based buffer overflow in the rb_str_justify function in string.c in Ruby 1.9.1 before 1.9.1-p376 allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors involving (1) String#ljust, (2) String#center, or (3) String#rjust. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.