The paper studies the nature of the contractual relationship from the standpoint of the theory of transaction costs, vertical integration and ownership relations. The institutional aspects of their development in the coal industry are defined. The need to form the institutional environment through the implementation of the contractual relations is grounded.
Keywords: institutionalization, contractual relations, transaction, vertical integration, resource owners, coal industry.
To celebrate Langston Hughes’ legacy and the publication of a new Penguin Classics edition of his novel, NOT WITHOUT LAUGHTER, our own Chris Jackson, Vice President, Publisher and Editor in Chief, One World/Random House, will join Angela Flournoy, novelist and author of NOT WITHOUT LAUGHTER’s new introduction , and Doreen St. Felix, staff writer for The New Yorker, on a special panel at the Langston Hughes House in Harlem, where the author lived and wrote during the last twenty years of his life.
This discussion takes place tonight, Wednesday, January 17, beginning at 7:00 pm, at The Langston Hughes House (20 East 127th Street). The event is free and open to the public (over 21). Refreshments and wine will be served. Largely autobiographical, NOT WITHOUT LAUGHTER is the coming of age novel of a young black boy growing up in racially divided rural Kansas in the 1930s. With echoes of current headlines from Ferguson, Chicago, and St. Paul, the book captures the plight of a young black man (and, subsequently, an entire community) attempting to survive in the face of institutionalized inequality. When first published in 1930, NOT WITHOUT LAUGHTER established Hughes as not only a brilliant poet and leading light of the Harlem Renaissance but also a gifted novelist.
A pile of dusty PalmPilots sat in the corner of the building in India. They were designed to help community healthcare researchers collect data for a medical census. But there they were in a heap of electronic scrap with their batteries mysteriously missing.
The gizmos were perfect examples of a “hit and run” involving people swooping in to solve a problem without talking to those who would be using the technology, said Kathleen Sienko, who noticed the discarded gadgets when she was a graduate student.
“Students have good intentions, but oftentimes they enter a community to try to help out and then retreat after a week or two and move on to something else,” said Sienko, associate professor of mechanical and biomedical engineering at the University of Michigan.
The problem with the PalmPilots was that the Indian workers feared the new technology would make transcribing the census data unnecessary, costing them their jobs. So they removed the batteries, claimed the devices didn’t work and tossed them away.
“It was at that point in time that I realized how important it is to truly understand the needs of the end users,” Sienko said.
For the past six years, she has led teams of U-M students in both engineering design coursework and month-long field site work in developing countries. They engineer and re-engineer healthcare technologies in collaboration with the people who use them. Sienko also acts as an Advisory Board Member for Michigan Health Engineered for All Lives (M-HEAL), which provides resources for student projects working to develop sustainable solutions for healthcare challenges.
Aileen Huang-Saad, M-HEAL’s faculty adviser and an associate professor of engineering practice at U-M, said, “The first thing we try to teach them is they cannot be the person who says ‘I’m here to solve your problem.’ We want them to be a part of the team and say, ‘I’m here to work with you and learn about your problems.’”
Another organization, Better Living Using Engineering Laboratory (BLUElab), provides the same type of support system for student teams working to find sustainable solutions in developing nations. Since its inception in 2003, BLUElab has grown into a large umbrella organization, acting as an incubator for more than 10 engineering projects.
As former president of BLUElab and leader of its Woven Wind team, Sita Syal has seen how much a design can – and should – change once you are on the ground. She and her team spent a year working with the non-profit agency Appropriate Technology Collaborative to create wind turbines to help provide electricity for the town of Nueva Santa Catarina Ixtahuacan in Guatemala before traveling to the region themselves.
The idea was a good one: create wind turbines using blades made of woven material. The blades could be built by the town’s women, who were expert weavers, thereby helping to support the local economy in addition to providing electricity.
But their first trip there revealed a cultural need they hadn’t anticipated. The residents weren’t looking to power their lights. They were happy with the traditional methods of doing that. What they really wanted was to charge their cell phones so they could communicate with family and friends in distant towns.
“We just didn’t anticipate that at all,” said Syal, who is pursuing her master’s degree in Energy Systems Engineering.
To combat this, students are encouraged to use the “triple-bottom-line” approach to designing. Coined in the 1990s by John Elkington – an expert on sustainable development – the concept encourages organizations to go beyond the traditional “bottom line” of profit and loss and instead consider three different measures of impact: people, the planet and the pocketbook.
“We can see throughout modern history that the environmental and social integrity are often hurt by the ‘bottom-line’ of money,” said Steven Skerlos, an Arthur F. Thurnau Professor for mechanical, civil and environmental engineering at U-M. “Conversely, design can’t just be about the environment. It’s got to work in the market and it also has to be good for the people.”
Skerlos, BLUElab’s faculty advisor and director of Sustainability Education Programs at the College of Engineering, says that holistic approach to designing a sustainable solution is integral for students to learn.
“We’re trying to teach our students how to understand and make those tough choices,” he said. “There are engineering decisions to be made, but also environmental decisions with real human consequences.”
NYC (June 19-30), 2017New York, New York June 19, 2017: GBI starts its summer school program sponsored by Pace University, College of Health Professions and New York
Medical College. Lead by experts in the field of Bioethics, students and professionals will witness Bioethics in various forms such as film screenings, field trips, and lectures/seminars, ending with a completion ceremony. Topics addressed in the program are: embryonic stem cell research, cloning, gene therapy, end-of-life care, genetics, reproductive technologies, human subject research, organ transplantation and access to health care.”I am absolutely confident you leave this program enriched, “said Dr. Bruce Gelb, President of GBI. You will find that what you learn over the coming days, will impact how you interact and engage with the world in many aspects of life.””There is a lack of opportunities for undergraduate, graduate students and professionals to learn about practical bioethics, human rights, and public policy and our organization’s summer school helps to fill this void,” said Ana Lita, Co-Founder and Executive Director of GBI.GBI is a not-for-profit international educational organization founded in 2011, by Dr. Ana Lita. GBI keeps the international community, policy decision-makers, the media, and the public versed in bioethical concepts. GBI provides this level of knowledge through an annual summer school program, human rights advocacy, and public policy reviews. GBI is associated with the United Nations Department of Information (UNDPI) with special consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
Attendees are encouraged to join Dr. Harriet R. Feldman, Dr. Charles Debrovner, and Dr. Ana Lita for the program’s introductory cocktail reception on June 20th, from 6-9PM at Pace University’s Aniello Bianco Room, 1 Pace Plaza, New York, New York, featuring the signer, Sarah Hayes and her Trio .
Global Bioethics Initiative (GBI) is dedicated to fostering public awareness and understanding of bioethical issues, and to exploring solutions to bioethical challenges. Through its events and activities, which include annual summer schools on global bioethics, [...]
Global Bioethics Initiative (GBI) is dedicated to fostering public awareness and understanding of bioethical issues, and to exploring solutions to bioethical challenges. Through its events and activities, which include annual summer schools on global [...]
President Donald Trump's administration is advancing a plan to freeze fuel-economy standards for new cars and trucks, and to escalate its fight against California's power to set regulatory standards for the entire US auto market, according to people familiar with the matter.
Since it was passed, every president has granted California additional waivers to pass its own regulations with one exception: in 2004, former President George W. Bush turned down a request from California to impose restrictions on carbon dioxide emissions from automobiles.
The plan is also likely to set up a high-stakes battle over California's unique position to regulate emissions. State regulators also worked closely with the Obama Administration to craft federal fuel economy standards that span well into the future.
The EPA and Transportation Department did not immediately provide comments on Monday. California Air Resources Board head Mary Nichols declined to comment. Once the agencies formally unveil the proposal, the public will have a chance to weigh in, with those comments used to develop a final rule that could be implemented as soon as the end of the year.
Trump will seek to revoke California's authority to regulate automobile emissions, including its mandate for electric auto sales.
Harry Kane and Mohamed Salah are two of ten nominees for the 2018 FIFA Best Men's Player award, also known as the Ballon d'Or. At the World Cup Ronaldo scored four goals but they came in just two matches as Portugal were knocked out in the last 16.
The policy proposal - which hasn't been officially announced - will likely cap federal fuel economy standards at the 2020 level of 35 miles per gallon average.
On social media, some noted that Trump's attack on California's ability to regulate emissions on its own roads flies in the face of conservative arguments in favor of "states' rights"-often invoked in debates over states' ability to regulate abortion access and LGBTQ rights, as well as racial integration and slavery in the past".
"We have the law on our side, as well as the people of the country and the people of the world", Dan Sperling, a member of California's Air Resources Board, told Bloomberg.
Numerous other states now follow California's standards. Major automakers have repeatedly said they do not back freezing the requirements but have called for changes to take into account fuel prices and shifting consumer demand. The fight is nearly certain to go to court if the administration pursues it.
I haven't done enough of articulating my own personal objectives with this service and my own personal objectives in the world, and I think people see a faceless corporation, they don't assume that humans are in it, or that they're genuine or authentic.
He explained that Twitter's definition of "shadow banning" is "hiding tweets from everyone without that person [who published the tweet] knowing about it". President Trump went on a tangent about this earlier in the day, so Dorsey defended himself while acknowledging the question of "are we doing something according to political ideology or viewpoints?" Not good. We will look into this discriminatory and illegal practice at once!
The sites automatic fill-in engine does not suggest some right-wingers' accounts when the first few letter of their names are typed - an issue that mostly affects conservatives. "We look at behavior", he said.
Doctors said they found four past cases of "lens migration" due to trauma, but none that laid dormant for as long as 28 years. The lens had remained there after being dislodged when a shuttlecock hit her in the face when she was 14.
Unsurprisingly, the actions incited the right to raise questions of political bias and freedom of speech.
"In an interview that aired Saturday on CNN, Dorsey said his company has a responsibility to be open about its political viewpoints, but to operate without bias when applying content policies to users". It will change peoples' approach.
All too often, highly fictionalized cinematic depictions of the past are accepted as the unassailable truth by those unfamiliar with the "real" account. This book profiles sixty movies that portray actual moments in history, and compares the mythologized account of each event to what really happened. Movies chronicled include The Ten Commandments, Spartacus, A Man for All Seasons, Gladiator, Gandhi, Apollo 13, The Thin Red Line, Dances with Wolves, Braveheart, The Last Emperor, All the Presidents Men, Mutiny on the Bounty, Gone with the Wind, Bonnie & Clyde, Patton, and Elizabeth. Sanello also contrasts several historical figures with their filmed treatments, including Julius Caesar, Henry V, Christopher Columbus, Joan of Arc, Sir Thomas More, Jesus Christ, Catherine the Great, Sigmund Freud, and Harry Houdini. Lavishly illustrated with sixty film stills, Reel v. Real shows how a happening's genuine details are frequently reshaped and distorted by Hollywood's bottomless appetite for over-the-top flamboyance and melodrama.
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