The theory of a clash of civilizations has been with us for some time. British historian Arnold Toynbee used the term in a series of lectures he delivered in 1953. The Middle East specialist Bernard Lewis wrote in 1990 that the Muslim rage against the West is “no less than a clash of civilizations” (Lewis, 1990, p 60). Samuel P. Huntington, a Harvard University political science professor, has given new currency to the notion of a clash of civilizations. His 1993 article in Foreign Affairs has gained global audience. A few years ago, I lectured to a political science class at Pondicherry University in Southern India. I was pleasantly surprised by the extent of the knowledge that Indian students possessed on this topic. A majority of the Indian students agreed with Huntington=s conclusion. The bipolar division of the world based on political ideology (communism versus liberalism) was no longer relevant. The world was entering a new period of intense conflict among civilizations. Writes Huntington,
It is my hypothesis that the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will not be primarily ideological or primarily economic. The great divisions among humankind and the dominating source of conflict will be cultural. Nation states will remain the most powerful actors in world affairs, but the principal conflicts of global politics will occur between nations and groups of different civilizations. The clash of civilizations will dominate global politics. The fault lines between civilizations will be the battle lines of the future. (Huntington, 1993, P.22)
Civilization and culture are related concepts. A way of life is called a culture. A culture that includes millions of people and has developed complex systems of art, literature, music, social, political and religious institutions may be called a civilization. There are hundreds of cultural groups but only a handful of civilizations. Huntington has identified seven or eight contemporary civilizations in the world. These include the Western (Europe and North America), the Slavic (Russia and Eastern Europe), the Islamic, the Chinese, the Hindu, the Japanese, the Latin American, and the African.
Historians tell us that civilizations rise and fall with some frequency. Many ancient civilizations, once glorious and powerful, exist no more. Where are Rome, Greece, Egypt, Persia and Babylonia? They are on the ash heap of history. Arnold Toynbee studied 26 civilizations, and of that number only some half a dozen survive today. The Chinese and the Hindu civilizations are unique in their longevity. They go back at least 4,000 years. The Hindu Brahmins chant hymns from the Vedas composed nearly 2,000 years before the birth of Christ. This is an amazing record of continuity for a civilization. In contrast, Islam born in the 7th century has the shortest history at 1,400 years. Some have argued that the relative youth of Islam is the cause of its belligerence. Islam is said to be in its adolescence. I do not agree with these views.
...computer and internet is not a reality. The main purpose of this essay is to outline the advantage and disadvantages of improving the digital divide by firstly address all the factors or barriers that contribute to the digital divide issues. Next, it will come up with some alternative solutions of how digital divide can be overcome and lastly, this essay will outline all the advantages and disadvantages of bridging the digital divide. Interaction between human and the information technology is increasing greatly in the 21st century. The ability to access to information technology is significantly important for a person to actively take part in the economic, social aspect of the world. However, there are only 39% of world population have access to this technology (Refer to Appendix 1). The term ‘Digital Divide” has quickly become so popular that it has entered everyday speech as shorthand for any and every disparity within the online community. In this essay, the digital divide or digital split refers to the gap between the underprivileged members of the society, namely those who are poor; live in rural area or elderly, and those who are wealthy, and young people living in city and suburbans areas who have the better condition to access to the computer and internet. (Norris P, 2001). There are many factors that contribute to the rate of digital divide. These are educations,...
...can only be done online. In San Diego and many other large cities, a police report can only be filed online. Many people own portable devices that can do everything from take pictures to playing audio and video as well as operate as a phone. Even ten years ago this type of technology was nearly unimaginable. While much of society has unlimited access to the Internet and newer technologies, there is still a digital divide in our society. Many people cannot afford unlimited broadband internet access and the latest technology in order to keep up with the growing popularity of the internet. People with disabilities have a hard time with newer technologies not being user friendly for their disability as well. According to Jaeger, (2012) “The introduction of new technologies sees people with disabilities overlooked, omitted, neglected, and not considered” (p. 4). Even the elderly exhibit trouble with the new technologies and using the internet. As the baby boomer generation ages, our society will continue to see the generational digital gap expand. The digital divide spreads across many different factors, not only those who do have access and do not. Some people may have access but lack adequate training and others may have the skills to use such technology but not the means to benefit from it. New technologies are introduced every year and impact people in different ways whether they are able to access the new technology or are unable to. When...
...The digital divide is a term that has been thrown around a lot lately. However, not many people know what the digital divide is or how it affects us as computer users. There are many definitions of the digital divide itself but few really delve into what it is in reality. Sure you can read a book definition of a word or phrase but sometimes those definitions don't make sense. I'm here to try to explain in simple terms what the digital divide is and how it affects you and me. What is the digital divide? Whatis.com defines it as: "The term 'digital divide' describes the fact that the world can be divided into people who do and people who don't have access to - and the capability to use - modern information technology, such as the telephone, television, or the Internet. The digital divide exists between those in cities and those in rural areas. The term 'digital divide' describes the fact that the world can be divided into people who do and people who don't have access to - and the capability to use - modern information technology, such as the telephone, television, or the Internet. The digital divide exists between those in cities and those in rural areas." (Whatis.com) I'm sure you have had a scenario where you walk into your grandparent's house to find the VCR blinking 12:00. You ask why they have not changed the time to the real...
...Understanding The Digital Divide Christopher Bishop Computer Literacy: Inf. 103 Jaclyn Minor Date of submission: 03-11-13 Digital Divide is a term that was incorporated, by former President of the United States Bill Clinton, in his 2000 State of the Union Address. The President met with researchers to identify the numerous origins and aversions, also to explain trends in digital divide. Now that we are in the information age, and acquiring computer literacy is essential for success in this day. Is digital divide really an issue that we can continue to overlook? In this Research Paper we will discover what is digital divide? Who is effected and why? Also how to overcome the digital divide? This is a global issue, as well as having a major affects in the further development of America. The negative and positive effects of digital divide, is hindering a portion of the world and while another is quickly progressing. It effects education, income, socialization, even civilization as we know it. So digital divide is a term that has been around as long as the internet has been around. Digital...
...TITLE: DIGITAL DIVIDE 1 INTRODUCTION In today’s society everything seem to be embedded in media communication technology especially computer technology and the Internet. Societies rely on the Internet for different purposes; it can either be for education or even to fulfill their personal needs. Most advertisement are found in the Internet, therefore any information that people need they can access it through the Internet. Internet has become an important source of information and it is also where people can market their ideas or even find jobs. Most jobs in industries involve computer technology; therefore people have to learn how to operate computers in order to obtain highly paid positions. Without skills, access to computer technology and the Internet can be a disadvantage. Due to the fact that computer technology and Internet is so important to people, digital divide become the key issue in today’s society. The purpose of this essay is to discuss digital divide, its causes, and the consequences it can pose to the society and how it can be solved in order for everyone to have equal access to computer technology and the Internet. The researcher of this essay will argue why digital divide should be solved before it deepens. The essay will commence by giving a brief discussion of digital divide, what it entails. The causes of digital divide will be discussed in the next section;...
...Education and Digital Divide Bia Mcgrue-Scypion EDU304: Introduction to Education Prof. Susan Krach-Hoge 04/21/2013 An anonymous writer expresses that “closing the Digital Divide is not just about giving to the poor the benefits of the rich. It is about creating a more equitable and balanced world economy.” (Anonymous 2010) We are in a new age in where technology is vital to our growth and were the World Wide Web comes equipped with the most basic phone. Education and technology has grown exceedingly and is continuing to grow this is not just limited to education but to all facets of our lives. The internet is no longer viewed as a privileged option but as a vital resource to our everyday life. Within our society digital divide can cause major problems within the classroom for students and teachers. Some can even equate digital divide to inadequacy or and diversity. What is digital divide in regards to education? Our text describe digital divide as “quality of hardware, software, and connectivity that is available to users across social classes. (Koch 2012) Digital divide does not only imply to those who do not have access to computers or technology but also to those who are unaware or less knowledgeable on how to use these advances. Some would define digital divide as a growing inconsistency affecting the impoverished in our society. Jeff Dunn shares...
...﻿Digital divide is the gap that exists between those who can effectively use new information and communication tools (ICT), such as the Internet, and those who cannot. Elderly and low-income people have been identified as two major digitally disconnected groups (Rowena Cullen 2002). Traditional family relations may be strained as Inter-generational communication is hampered and older members of the household find themselves increasingly alienated. The divide may also limit the low income group’s choices of career and ability to learn new skills. In this way, much human and hence economic potential is undermined (Asian development Bank, 2002). However, generic labels like “elderly” and “low-income group” fail to capture much of the distinctiveness of these two groups in Singapore resulting from wide income gap, highly proliferated job sectors and distinctive educational and cultural background between older and younger generations. Singapore economy boomed with an average annual growth rate of 6.1% (the world bank 2012) over the past 20 years. The older generation once lived in a Singapore where literacy rate was only 60% in 1960 as opposed to 96% today (Statistics Singapore 2013). Many worked as laborers in the shipping, food and low-end commodity retail industry for their entire life. Without even the most basic skills like reading and writing, much stood between them and the digital world. Their early lifestyles which are simpler and more...
Iodine formed from 25.14 mL of a 0.0133 M KIO3 solution and excess KI was titrated with 27.72mL of a Na2S2O3 solution. What is the molarity of the Na2S2O3?
Do you want to become a social media businessman, if yes then do check out this guide plan and all details which will help you in becoming this kind of businessman. While entering into this social media field line, you will get many chances to earn a handsome salary. It is by sitting at home that you can start this business. It is true that in the current world, it has become quite difficult to start any business, but it is lucrative to enter in this social media line.
If you are into the social media business field, then buying and selling process of your business has to be easy. Do you know that why most of the people do not prefer to buy from these social media buying pages, it is because of their tough purchasing and buying process. So make sure that you make and create this buying process a little bit easy for the customers.
Your social media page has to be user friendly, it should be easy to operate. Your social media business page should get easily open on the tablets and ipads and iphones, on other smartphones and android phones. Many of the individuals do not like these social media business pages because they are not at all user friendly.
Being a social media businessman, you have to remain in touch with your customers. Like if your online page is about baking and making cakes, then remain in contact with your target audience. On a regularly basis, communicate and talk to them so that you can know about their favorites and likings in terms of baking and cakes.
The standard of your products has to be up to the mark if you are into this social media business line. Like whatever picture you are showing on your online page, it should be delivered in an as it is way. Most of the business owners, they put up fake pictures on their online pages and deliver substandard quality to their customers.
If you have an online page which about clothing, then the colors and designs of the dresses shown in the pictures, they should be exactly the same when you will deliver the order. Many of the buyers, they put up this complaint that their ordered product showing in the picture is different as compared to the delivered product.
So this is the basic guide that how can you become a social media businessman, follow this guide and be the boss and all the profit earner of your own.