A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic agent for the treatment of various malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed)
Chlorambucil is an antineoplastic in the class of alkylating agents that is used to treat various forms of cancer. Alkylating agents are so named because of their ability to add alkyl groups to many electronegative groups under conditions present in cells. They stop tumor growth by cross-linking guanine bases in DNA double-helix strands - directly attacking DNA. This makes the strands unable to uncoil and separate. As this is necessary in DNA replication, the cells can no longer divide. In addition, these drugs add methyl or other alkyl groups onto molecules where they do not belong which in turn inhibits their correct utilization by base pairing and causes a miscoding of DNA. Alkylating agents are cell cycle-nonspecific. Alkylating agents work by three different mechanisms all of which achieve the same end result - disruption of DNA function and cell death.
Chlorambucil is extensively metabolized in the liver primarily to phenylacetic acid mustard. The pharmacokinetic data suggests that oral chlorambucil undergoes rapid gastrointestinal absorption and plasma clearance and that it is almost completely metabolized, having extremely low urinary excretion.
(R)-warfarin The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when (R)-warfarin is combined with Chlorambucil.
(S)-Warfarin The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when (S)-Warfarin is combined with Chlorambucil.
2-Methoxyethanol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with 2-Methoxyethanol.
4-hydroxycoumarin The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when 4-hydroxycoumarin is combined with Chlorambucil.
9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with 9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A.
Abatacept The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with Abatacept.
Abciximab The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Abciximab is combined with Chlorambucil.
Abemaciclib The serum concentration of Chlorambucil can be increased when it is combined with Abemaciclib.
Abetimus The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorambucil is combined with Abetimus.
Phillips, A. P. and Mentha, J.W.; U.S.Patent 3,046,301; July 24, 1962; assigned to Burroughs Wellcome & Co. (U.S.A.) Inc.
An avulsion fracture is when a small piece of bone breaks and pulls away from a larger bone. Part or all of the piece may break away. An avulsion fracture may happen when a muscle, tendon, or ligament is pulled very hard. This can occur during a fall or while playing sports.
You will need to return for more tests to see how your fracture is healing. Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits.
Get plenty of rest while your fracture heals. When the pain decreases, begin normal, slow movements. Slowly start to do more each day. Rest when you feel it is needed.
Apply ice on your injury for 15 to 20 minutes every hour or as directed. Use an ice pack, or put crushed ice in a plastic bag. Cover it with a towel. Ice helps prevent tissue damage and decreases swelling and pain.
Elevate your injured limb above the level of your heart as often as you can. This will help decrease swelling and pain. Prop your injured limb on pillows or blankets to keep it elevated comfortably.
If you have a cast or splint, it is important not to get it wet. Before bathing, cover the cast or splint with a plastic bag. Tape the bag to your skin above the cast or splint to seal out the water. Hold your arm or leg away from the water in case the bag leaks. Ask when it is okay to take a bath or shower.
You may need to use crutches or a walker until your fracture heals. Ask for more information about how to use these walking devices if needed.
A Tablets contain the active ingredient erythromycin ethylsuccinate, which belongs to a group of medicines called macrolide
The aluminium deck range is designed for users looking for maximum performance in both collecting and mulching models. It has a strong powder coated die cast chassis with an aerodynamic design. These are machines characterised by a superior grass collecting capability, thanks to aerodynamically moulded deck that optimises the flow of air and clippings into the catcher.