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Sacramento International Film Festival April sacramentofilmfestival. Retrieved January 24, Interstate is the major east-west divider, while State Route is the major north-south divider. Retrieved from " https: The San Bernardino Sun. Films are not physically screened for the public. Hire Daniel Tong, Film Editor and view his online portfolio.
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By the s, San Bernardino had also became an important trading hub in Southern California. The city already on the Los Angeles — Salt Lake Road , became the starting point for the Mojave Road from and Bradshaw Trail from to the mines along the Colorado River and within the Arizona Territory in the gold rush of Near San Bernardino is a naturally formed arrowhead-shaped rock formation on the side of a mountain. It measures feet by feet.
According to the Native American legend regarding the landmark arrowhead, an arrow from Heaven burned the formation onto the mountainside in order to show tribes where they could be healed. During the midth century, "Dr.
Smith's search for that unique arrowhead formation began in Texas, and eventually ended at Arrowhead Springs in California in By , word of the springs, along with the hotel on the site and a belief in the effect on general health of the water from the springs had grown considerably.
Hotel guests often raved about the crystal-clear water from the cold springs, which prompted Seth Marshall to set up a bottling operation in the hotel's basement. By , water from the cold springs was being shipped to Los Angeles under the newly created "Arrowhead" trademark. Indigenous people of the San Bernardino Valley and Mountains were collectively identified by Spanish explorers in the 19th century as Serrano , a term meaning highlander.
In , to clear the way for settlers and gold miners, state militia conducted a day campaign slaughtering men, women, and children. The United States government in established it as a tribal reservation and named it after Santos Manuel. Key changes the city made during the bankruptcy process included: Following a judge's approval, the city emerged from bankruptcy in February , making it one of the longest municipal bankruptcies in the United States.
According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of San Bernardino is unique among Southern Californian cities because of its wealth of water, which is mostly contained in underground aquifers. A large part of the city is over the Bunker Hill Groundwater Basin, including downtown. This fact accounts for a historically high water table in portions of the city, including at the former Urbita Springs, a lake which no longer exists and is now the site of the Inland Center Mall.
Seccombe Lake, named after a former mayor, is a manmade lake at Sierra Way and 5th Street. The San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District "Muni" has plans to build two more large, multi-acre lakes north and south of historic downtown in order to reduce groundwater, mitigate the risks of liquefaction in a future earthquake, and sell the valuable water to neighboring agencies.
The city has several notable hills and mountains; among them are: Freeways act as significant geographical dividers for the city of San Bernardino. Interstate is the major east-west divider, while State Route is the major north-south divider. Interstate 10 is in the southern part of the city. Relative to other areas in Southern California, winters are colder, with frost and with chilly to cold morning temperatures common.
The particularly arid climate during the summer prevents tropospheric clouds from forming, meaning temperatures rise to what is considered by NOAA scientists as Class Orange. The seasonal Santa Ana winds are felt particularly strongly in the San Bernardino area as warm and dry air is channeled through nearby Cajon Pass at times during the autumn months.
This phenomenon markedly increases the wildfire danger in the foothills, canyon, and mountain communities that the cycle of cold, wet winters and dry summers helps create.
The neighborhoods of San Bernardino are not commonly named. Some reflect geographical regions that existed before annexation, and others originated with specific housing developments. Delmann Heights is the area north of Highland Avenue, west of I, and east of the unincorporated area of Muscoy, California which is within the city's sphere of influence for annexation.
Some portions of Highland are within the city of San Bernardino, generally consistent with the portions of historical "West Highlands" north of Highland Avenue.
The city also contains the post office for Patton, California, the area coextensive with Patton Hospital. The "West Side" is used generically to refer to the areas West of I The area west of University Parkway, and north of Kendall Drive to the north city area is called Verdemont. San Bernardino is divided into several districts.
Many hotels, restaurants, and retail establishments have been built around Hospitality Lane [26] in the southern part of the city, creating an informal business district. Downtown is its own district with shopping and government buildings. In the foothills of the San Bernardino Mountains lies the University District , which is a commercial area designed to support the California State University with shopping, dining, and high-density residential space.
On the southern side of I and the University District is the Cajon Pass light-industrial district where warehouses are situated to take advantage of this important connection between Southern California and the rest of the United States.
Nearby is the Burlington Northern Santa Fe rail hub. The combination of these assets airport; rail hub; extensive freeway system; and, Cajon Pass makes the city important in the movement of goods and people between Southern California and the rest of the United States.
San Bernardino has communities known for residences of millionaires and increasingly affluent sections of town: The population density was 3, The racial makeup of San Bernardino was 95, Hispanic or Latino of any race were , persons The Census reported that , people There were 59, households, out of which 29, There were 5, 8. The average household size was 3. There were 44, families The population was spread out with 67, people The median age was For every females, there were For every females age 18 and over, there were There were 65, housing units at an average density of 1, The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.
Western, central, and parts of eastern San Bernardino are home to mixed-ethnic working class populations, of which the Latino and African-American populations comprise the vast majority of the city.
The heart of the Mexican-American community is on the West and Southside of San Bernardino, but is slowly expanding throughout the entire city. Government, retail, and service industries dominate the economy of the city of San Bernardino. Government was both the largest and the fastest-growing employment sector, reaching close to 20, jobs in Other significant sectors were retail 16, jobs and education 13, jobs.
The city's location close to the Cajon and San Gorgonio passes, and at the junctions of the I , I, and SR freeways, positions it as an intermodal logistics hub. Over the last few decades, the city's riverfront district along Hospitality Lane has drawn much of the regional economic development away from the historic downtown of the city so that the area now hosts a full complement of office buildings, big-box retailers, restaurants, and hotels situated around the Santa Ana River.
The closing of Norton Air Force Base in resulted in the loss of 10, military and civilian jobs and sent San Bernardino's economy into a downturn that has been somewhat offset by more recent growth in the intermodal shipping industry. The jobless rate in the region rose to more than 12 percent during the years immediately after the base closing. Reference no longer valid. According to the city's Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, [41] the top employers in the city are:. San Bernardino hosts several major annual events, including: Fullerton Museum of Art, located on the campus of California State University, San Bernardino , contains a collection of Egyptian antiquities, ancient pottery from present-day Italy, and funerary art from ancient China.
In addition to the extensive antiquities on display, the museum presents contemporary art and changing exhibitions. A Route 66 museum is located on the historic site of the original McDonald's restaurant. San Bernardino is home to the historic Arrowhead Springs Hotel and Spa, located in the Arrowhead Springs neighborhood, which encompasses 1, acres 7. The resort contains hot springs, in addition to mineral baths and steam caves located deep underground. Long the headquarters for Campus Crusade for Christ, the site now remains largely vacant and unused since their operations moved to Florida.
San Bernardino has received many informal nicknames in its history. Of these, San Berdoo , S. Other, more official nicknames include: San Bernardino offers several parks and other recreation facilities.
Perris Hill Park is the largest with: Roosevelt Bowl, Fiscalini Field, [57] several tennis courts, a Y. Other notable parks include: Blair Park is another midsized park near the University District , it is home to a well known skate park and various hiking trails on Shandin Hills, also known as Little Mountain.
The city of San Bernardino is a charter city , a form of government under California that allows limited home-rule, in that it can pass its own laws not in conflict with state law, such as when state law is silent, or expressly allows municipal regulations of areas of local concern. San Bernardino became a charter city in , the most current charter was passed in The city of San Bernardino has a full-time, elected mayor, a city manager , an elected City Attorney, City Clerk , and City Treasurer, and seven council positions elected in a ward system.
The charter also created the San Bernardino City Unified School District , a legally separate agency, and the Board of Water Commissioners, a semi-autonomous, but legally indistinct commission, and a Board of Library Trustees. The City Manager is responsible for all department heads, except for the fire and police chiefs.
When the city originally adopted a ward system, there were five wards. In the s, the Council was expanded to seven wards. The boundaries are adjusted with each federal census. The current council is: As per California law, all city positions are nonpartisan. Bob Holcomb — was the longest serving Mayor of San Bernardino to date, holding the office from until and again from to San Bernardino's legal community has two centers: Criminal, family, and government lawyers are centered downtown, while local civil firms and outposts of state and national firms, corporate, and insurance defense firms, are located along Hospitality Lane.
On July 10, , the City Council of San Bernardino decided to seek protection under Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code , making it the third California municipality to do so in less than two weeks after Stockton and the town of Mammoth Lakes , and the second-largest ever. According to state law, the city would normally have to negotiate with creditors first, but, because they declared a fiscal emergency in June, that requirement did not apply.
As a charter city , San Bernardino may make and enforce its own laws as long as they are not in conflict with the laws of the State of California. These rules have been codified as the San Bernardino Municipal Code. Violations of the code, punishable as a misdemeanor or infraction or both are prosecuted by the City Attorney's Office in the San Bernardino County Superior Court.
The city also has two administrative processes for violations of the code, as well as other adopted codes, like the California Building Code and the California Fire Code. One process is an administrative citation system, similar to a parking ticket , with a pay or contest procedure. The other is an administrative hearing process, generally used by the Code Enforcement Department for prosecuting multiple code violations.
The plan, which the city council approved to support, is the culmination of a year of research, community participation, and planning led by the city's EDA and the urban planning firm EDAW which has worked on master planning across the globe for downtown areas that include Milan, Italy; London, England; New York, New York; and Denver, Colorado, to name a few. A driving force in the initial phase of the revitalization efforts is the development of an arts and culture district in the heart of Downtown San Bernardino.
California-based Maya Cinemas, which is adjacent to California Theatre, is in the process of renovating the former CinemaStar movie theatre.
These two entertainment facilities are the foundation of what will become a vibrant center for the arts and culture. San Bernardino shares certain powers with other agencies to form legally separate entities known as joint-power authorities under California law. These include Omnitrans , which provides transportation throughout the east and west valleys of San Bernardino County, SANBAG, which coordinates transportation projects throughout the county, and the Inland Valley Development Agency, which is responsible for redevelopment of the areas around the San Bernardino International Airport.
San Bernardino is the county seat of San Bernardino County , the largest formal county in the contiguous United States by area, but smaller than the informally organized county equivalent Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska and the formal county equivalent North Slope Borough, Alaska , as well as 4 other formal county equivalents and 5 other informally organized county equivalents in Alaska.
Various state courts , for civil, criminal and juvenile trials operate under the auspices of the Superior Court , San Bernardino District formerly Central Division prior to the unification of the Superior and Municipal Courts in It consists of a four-story building of steel and concrete construction built in A six-story addition was added in the s. Currently, the structure is being retrofitted. A new courthouse, located at West Third Street, opened in , which houses civil courts.
Juvenile Court and Juvenile Hall are located in a county enclave adjacent to the city on Gilbert Street, near the site of the former County Hospital.
Federal cases including Bankruptcy are also heard in Riverside courthouses. The Charter created the San Bernardino Police Department and chief of police; before , there was a position of city marshal. The current charter places the chief of police under the direction of the mayor.
Charter Section requires that the monthly salaries of police and fire local safety members be the average of like positions at ten comparable cities in California.
Over 90 percent of local police officers do not live within the city limits. Stricter enforcement caused a rise in both juvenile and adult arrests. San Bernardino has long battled high crime rates. According to statistics published by Morgan Quitno , San Bernardino was the 16th most dangerous US city in , [67] 18th in [68] and 24th in San Bernardino's murder rate was 29 per , in , the 13th highest murder rate in the country and the third highest in the state of California after Compton and Richmond.
Census Bureau , San Bernardino was among the most poverty-stricken cities in the nation, second nationally behind Detroit. Sentenced criminals are held at the Glen Helen Rehabilitation Center, in the northern limits of the city in the Verdemont neighborhood. While the Central Detention Center, located at East Rialto Avenue in San Bernardino, served as the main jail from —, today it mostly serves federal prisoners under contract.
San Bernardino is primarily served by the San Bernardino City Unified School District , the eighth largest district in the state, [79] although it is also served by Rim of the World far north, mountains , Redlands far south east and Rialto far west Unified School Districts.
The district, as signified by its name, has elementary, intermediate, and high schools. The comprehensive high schools are:. San Bernardino is part of the Los Angeles Nielsen area. As such, most its residents receive the same local television and radio stations as residents of Los Angeles.
Most of the northern section of San Bernardino cannot receive over-the-air television broadcasts from Los Angeles because Mount Baldy , and other San Gabriel Mountain peaks, block transmissions from Mount Wilson.
Since the s, most North San Bernardino residents have required cable television to obtain television. Today, the city has one main cable franchise: Mountain Shadow Cable is a small local company that provides services to the eponymous mobile home park. DBS satellite also has a presence. Historically, San Bernardino has had a number of newspapers. Today, the San Bernardino Sun , founded in but was the continuation of an earlier paper publishes in North San Bernardino, and has a circulation area roughly from Yucaipa to Fontana, including the mountain communities.
Many older residents refer to the Sun as the Sun-Telegram, its name when it merged with the afternoon Telegram in the s. The Precinct Reporter has been publishing weekly since , primarily serving African American residents. Its circulation also includes Riverside County and Pomona Valley.
There is also the Black Voice News that previously served Riverside has been in the area over 30 years and has more recently served African Americans that live in the community. Another local newspaper centered mostly around the African American community is the Westside Story Newspaper , established in Their coverage area extends to the greater area of San Bernardino County.
They currently operate locally and online. The Los Angeles Times is also widely circulated. The Inland Empire also has its own Arbitron area. Therefore, there are several radio stations that broadcast in San Bernardino or other Inland Empire cities. Other than government or media outlets, there is no major internet site made for the Inland Empire. San Bernardino has a system of mostly publicly maintained local streets, including major arterials, some private streets, state highways, and interstate highways.
The city's street system is laid out in a grid network, mostly aligned with the public land survey system. The major streets are north-south streets, from the west, are: