Tnorala was a special place where many bush foods were created by rubbing certain special rocks made by the falling star, the Milky Way baby.
On the baby's body were many sacred stories, about food and other matters of importance , which are held in these rocks.
Men or womenused to rub the rock and sing, so that there would be a good supply of the food that rock represented.
This was the rock for creating puraltja (pronounced pa-ral-cha), a sugary scale that grows on gum leaves.
Aboriginal people say that since this rock has been taken, there has been less puraltja around here.
Aboriginal people say that a long time ago, before white man came, their ancestors lived at Tnorala.
After the massacre, Tnorala became what Aboriginal-people call a 'sorry' place: no-one has lived here since because of sorrow over the lost family.
It is out of respect for the people that passed away here that the Aboriginal custodians ask visitors not to camp at Tnorala.
Geological investigations of Tnorala / Gosse Bluff indicate that it was caused by the impact of an extra-terrestial object, probably a comet, about 140 million years ago.
The blast has been calculated to have been about one million times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb.
It would have destroyed most life forms within a distance of hundreds of kilometres and sent huge plumes of fine debris into the atmosphere, affecting weather patterns world-wide for some years.
Some are like Earth's volcanic craters but most appear to have their analogs on Earth among crypto-explosion structures of which Gosse Bluff is typical.
These structures have in common severe breaking up and bending of rock layers within a roughly circular area, a crater, uplifted rock in the centre, shatter cones, melted rock fragments, and minerals that are formed only at extreme pressures.
Gosse Bluff is one of three major astrogeological features in central Australia. The other two are the Henbury cluster of craters, south of Alice Springs, and the Boxhole Crater, to the northeast. Many meteorite fragments have been found at these sites and they are believed to be caused by a meteorite shower no more than 5,000 years ago.
A massive detonation producing a shock wave outward from the focus of the blast fits the field evidence at Gosse Bluff closely.
Investigators (Dooley, 1991, Milton et al, op. cit.) have concluded that the impact of an extra-terrestial object, about a kilometre in diameter and moving at many kilometres per second, best explains all the effects seen here.
The shallow depth of the blast suggests that the object was a comet, or a low-density asteroid and not a solid rock meteorite.
The rock layers near the centre of the blast were first compressed and then rebounded upwards and inwards, till they were nearly vertical.
During the blast, fragments of rock, including blocks up to a hundred metres long, were hurled into the air and then fell back to the ground to form a crater about 25 kilometres across around the impact core.
By 20 million years ago, a long period of erosion and a wet climate had reduced most of central Australia to a flat plain, with low hills where the MacDonnell Ranges are now.
A stream flowed across the Bluff area, marked by a collection of sandstone hills less than 50 metres high.
About 20 million years ago, a large area of land around Lake Eyre, to the southeast of here, slowly subsided.
Today, the land surface surrounding the original impact has been lowered leaving behind the near vertical rock layers near the centre of the blast.
Sloping surfaces on the high bluff mark the old plain level and notches mark the former watercourse.
摘要：In this note, we consider the implications of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle when computing uncertainties that affect the main dynamical quantities, from the perspective of special relativity. Using the well-known formula for propagating statistical errors, we prove that th...
摘要：An alternative method is proposed for deriving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation from the pictures of wave and matrix mechanics. The derivation is of a mixed classical–quantum character, since time is treated as a classical variable, thus avoiding any controversy over ...
Abstract: The generalized Marcum Q-function, Qm(a,b), is here explained geometrically as the probability of a 2m-dimensional, real, Gaussian random vector, whose mean vector has a Frobenius norm of a, lying outside of a hypersphere of 2m dimensions, with radius b, and centered at the origin. Based on this new geometric interpretation, a new closed-form representation for Qm (a, b) is derived for the case where m is an odd multiple of 0.5. This representation involves only the exponential and the erfc functions, and thus is easy to handle, both numerically and analytically. For the case where m is an even multiple of 0.5, Qm+0.5(a,b) and Qm-0.5(a,b), which can be evaluated using our new representation mentioned above, are shown to be tight upper and lower bounds on Qm(a,b), respectively. They are shown in most cases to be much tighter than the existing bounds in the literature, and are valid for the entire ranges of a and b concerned. Their average is also a good approximation to Qm(a,b). ©2006 IEEE.
This research explores whether LEDroadway luminaire technologies are a viable future solution to providing roadway lighting. Roadway lighting enhances highway safety and traffic flow during limited lighting conditions. The purpose of this evaluation study is to determine the feasibility of transitioning from standard high pressure sodium (HPS) roadway luminaire to LED roadway luminaire on the MoDOT maintained highway system. This study includes performance evaluations, a feasibility analysis and a potential transition replacement program.
S. Long et al., "LED Roadway Luminaires Evaluation - Final Report," Missouri University of Science and Technology, Dec 2011.