CVE-2015-9016 (published 2018-04-05T18:29Z)

In blk_mq_tag_to_rq in blk-mq.c in the upstream kernel, there is a possible use after free due to a race condition when a request has been previously freed by blk_mq_complete_request. This could lead to local escalation of privilege. Product: Android. Versions: Android kernel. Android ID: A-63083046.

Severity: MEDIUM
CVSS v2 base score: 6.9 (AV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C)
CVSS v3 base score: 7.0, HIGH (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

Weakness information:
cwe_id: CWE-264
cwe_name: Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls
description: Weaknesses in this category are related to the management of permissions, privileges, and other security features that are used to perform access control.
cwe_id: CWE-362
cwe_name: Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
description: The product contains a code sequence that can run concurrently with other code, and the code sequence requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence that is operating concurrently.
extended_description: 
            This can have security implications when the expected synchronization is in security-critical code, such as recording whether a user is authenticated or modifying important state information that should not be influenced by an outsider.
            A race condition occurs within concurrent environments, and is effectively a property of a code sequence. Depending on the context, a code sequence may be in the form of a function call, a small number of instructions, a series of program invocations, etc.
            A race condition violates these properties, which are closely related:
               
                  Exclusivity - the code sequence is given exclusive access to the shared resource, i.e., no other code sequence can modify properties of the shared resource before the original sequence has completed execution.
                  Atomicity - the code sequence is behaviorally atomic, i.e., no other thread or process can concurrently execute the same sequence of instructions (or a subset) against the same resource.
               
            A race condition exists when an "interfering code sequence" can still access the shared resource, violating exclusivity. Programmers may assume that certain code sequences execute too quickly to be affected by an interfering code sequence; when they are not, this violates atomicity. For example, the single "x++" statement may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read (the original value of x), followed by a computation (x+1), followed by a write (save the result to x).
            The interfering code sequence could be "trusted" or "untrusted." A trusted interfering code sequence occurs within the product; it cannot be modified by the attacker, and it can only be invoked indirectly. An untrusted interfering code sequence can be authored directly by the attacker, and typically it is external to the vulnerable product.
         
         

Fix information:
repo_url: https://github.com/torvalds/linux
commit_details: repo_url: https://github.com/torvalds/linux
author: Ming Lei
author_date: 2015-08-09 03:41:51-04:00
msg: blk-mq: fix race between timeout and freeing request

Inside timeout handler, blk_mq_tag_to_rq() is called
to retrieve the request from one tag. This way is obviously
wrong because the request can be freed any time and some
fiedds of the request can't be trusted, then kernel oops
might be triggered[1].

Currently wrt. blk_mq_tag_to_rq(), the only special case is
that the flush request can share same tag with the request
cloned from, and the two requests can't be active at the same
time, so this patch fixes the above issue by updating tags->rqs[tag]
with the active request(either flush rq or the request cloned
from) of the tag.

Also blk_mq_tag_to_rq() gets much simplified with this patch.

Given blk_mq_tag_to_rq() is mainly for drivers and the caller must
make sure the request can't be freed, so in bt_for_each() this
helper is replaced with tags->rqs[tag].

[1] kernel oops log
[  439.696220] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000158^M
[  439.697162] IP: [<ffffffff812d89ba>] blk_mq_tag_to_rq+0x21/0x6e^M
[  439.700653] PGD 7ef765067 PUD 7ef764067 PMD 0 ^M
[  439.700653] Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC ^M
[  439.700653] Dumping ftrace buffer:^M
[  439.700653]    (ftrace buffer empty)^M
[  439.700653] Modules linked in: nbd ipv6 kvm_intel kvm serio_raw^M
[  439.700653] CPU: 6 PID: 2779 Comm: stress-ng-sigfd Not tainted 4.2.0-rc5-next-20150805+ #265^M
[  439.730500] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011^M
[  439.730500] task: ffff880605308000 ti: ffff88060530c000 task.ti: ffff88060530c000^M
[  439.730500] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff812d89ba>]  [<ffffffff812d89ba>] blk_mq_tag_to_rq+0x21/0x6e^M
[  439.730500] RSP: 0018:ffff880819203da0  EFLAGS: 00010283^M
[  439.730500] RAX: ffff880811b0e000 RBX: ffff8800bb465f00 RCX: 0000000000000002^M
[  439.730500] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000202 RDI: 0000000000000000^M
[  439.730500] RBP: ffff880819203db0 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000000000000000^M
[  439.730500] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000202^M
[  439.730500] R13: ffff880814104800 R14: 0000000000000002 R15: ffff880811a2ea00^M
[  439.730500] FS:  00007f165b3f5740(0000) GS:ffff880819200000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000^M
[  439.730500] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b^M
[  439.730500] CR2: 0000000000000158 CR3: 00000007ef766000 CR4: 00000000000006e0^M
[  439.730500] Stack:^M
[  439.730500]  0000000000000008 ffff8808114eed90 ffff880819203e00 ffffffff812dc104^M
[  439.755663]  ffff880819203e40 ffffffff812d9f5e 0000020000000000 ffff8808114eed80^M
[  439.755663] Call Trace:^M
[  439.755663]  <IRQ> ^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff812dc104>] bt_for_each+0x6e/0xc8^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff812d9f5e>] ? blk_mq_rq_timed_out+0x6a/0x6a^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff812d9f5e>] ? blk_mq_rq_timed_out+0x6a/0x6a^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff812dc1b3>] blk_mq_tag_busy_iter+0x55/0x5e^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff812d88b4>] ? blk_mq_bio_to_request+0x38/0x38^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff812d8911>] blk_mq_rq_timer+0x5d/0xd4^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff810a3e10>] call_timer_fn+0xf7/0x284^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff810a3d1e>] ? call_timer_fn+0x5/0x284^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff812d88b4>] ? blk_mq_bio_to_request+0x38/0x38^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff810a46d6>] run_timer_softirq+0x1ce/0x1f8^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff8104c367>] __do_softirq+0x181/0x3a4^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff8104c76e>] irq_exit+0x40/0x94^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff81031482>] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x33/0x3e^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff815559a4>] apic_timer_interrupt+0x84/0x90^M
[  439.755663]  <EOI> ^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff81554350>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x32/0x4a^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff8106a98b>] finish_task_switch+0xe0/0x163^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff8106a94d>] ? finish_task_switch+0xa2/0x163^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff81550066>] __schedule+0x469/0x6cd^M
[  439.755663]  [<ffffffff8155039b>] schedule+0x82/0x9a^M
[  439.789267]  [<ffffffff8119b28b>] signalfd_read+0x186/0x49a^M
[  439.790911]  [<ffffffff8106d86a>] ? wake_up_q+0x47/0x47^M
[  439.790911]  [<ffffffff811618c2>] __vfs_read+0x28/0x9f^M
[  439.790911]  [<ffffffff8117a289>] ? __fget_light+0x4d/0x74^M
[  439.790911]  [<ffffffff811620a7>] vfs_read+0x7a/0xc6^M
[  439.790911]  [<ffffffff8116292b>] SyS_read+0x49/0x7f^M
[  439.790911]  [<ffffffff81554c17>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x12/0x6f^M
[  439.790911] Code: 48 89 e5 e8 a9 b8 e7 ff 5d c3 0f 1f 44 00 00 55 89
f2 48 89 e5 41 54 41 89 f4 53 48 8b 47 60 48 8b 1c d0 48 8b 7b 30 48 8b
53 38 <48> 8b 87 58 01 00 00 48 85 c0 75 09 48 8b 97 88 0c 00 00 eb 10
^M
[  439.790911] RIP  [<ffffffff812d89ba>] blk_mq_tag_to_rq+0x21/0x6e^M
[  439.790911]  RSP <ffff880819203da0>^M
[  439.790911] CR2: 0000000000000158^M
[  439.790911] ---[ end trace d40af58949325661 ]---^M

Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
repository: repo_url: https://github.com/torvalds/linux
repo_name: torvalds/linux
description: Linux kernel source tree
repo_language: C
owner: torvalds
file_changes: filename: blk-flush.c
change_type: ModificationType.MODIFY
diff: @@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
 
 #include "blk.h"
 #include "blk-mq.h"
+#include "blk-mq-tag.h"
 
 /* FLUSH/FUA sequences */
 enum {
@@ -226,7 +227,12 @@ static void flush_end_io(struct request *flush_rq, int error)
 	struct blk_flush_queue *fq = blk_get_flush_queue(q, flush_rq->mq_ctx);
 
 	if (q->mq_ops) {
+		struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx;
+
+		/* release the tag's ownership to the req cloned from */
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&fq->mq_flush_lock, flags);
+		hctx = q->mq_ops->map_queue(q, flush_rq->mq_ctx->cpu);
+		blk_mq_tag_set_rq(hctx, flush_rq->tag, fq->orig_rq);
 		flush_rq->tag = -1;
 	}
 
@@ -308,11 +314,18 @@ static bool blk_kick_flush(struct request_queue *q, struct blk_flush_queue *fq)
 
 	/*
 	 * Borrow tag from the first request since they can't
-	 * be in flight at the same time.
+	 * be in flight at the same time. And acquire the tag's
+	 * ownership for flush req.
 	 */
 	if (q->mq_ops) {
+		struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx;
+
 		flush_rq->mq_ctx = first_rq->mq_ctx;
 		flush_rq->tag = first_rq->tag;
+		fq->orig_rq = first_rq;
+
+		hctx = q->mq_ops->map_queue(q, first_rq->mq_ctx->cpu);
+		blk_mq_tag_set_rq(hctx, first_rq->tag, flush_rq);
 	}
 
 	flush_rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_FS;

programming_language: C
filename: blk-mq-tag.c
change_type: ModificationType.MODIFY
diff: @@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ static void bt_for_each(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
 		for (bit = find_first_bit(&bm->word, bm->depth);
 		     bit < bm->depth;
 		     bit = find_next_bit(&bm->word, bm->depth, bit + 1)) {
-		     	rq = blk_mq_tag_to_rq(hctx->tags, off + bit);
+			rq = hctx->tags->rqs[off + bit];
 			if (rq->q == hctx->queue)
 				fn(hctx, rq, data, reserved);
 		}
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ static void bt_tags_for_each(struct blk_mq_tags *tags,
 		for (bit = find_first_bit(&bm->word, bm->depth);
 		     bit < bm->depth;
 		     bit = find_next_bit(&bm->word, bm->depth, bit + 1)) {
-			rq = blk_mq_tag_to_rq(tags, off + bit);
+			rq = tags->rqs[off + bit];
 			fn(rq, data, reserved);
 		}
 

programming_language: C
filename: blk-mq-tag.h
change_type: ModificationType.MODIFY
diff: @@ -89,4 +89,16 @@ static inline void blk_mq_tag_idle(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
 	__blk_mq_tag_idle(hctx);
 }
 
+/*
+ * This helper should only be used for flush request to share tag
+ * with the request cloned from, and both the two requests can't be
+ * in flight at the same time. The caller has to make sure the tag
+ * can't be freed.
+ */
+static inline void blk_mq_tag_set_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
+		unsigned int tag, struct request *rq)
+{
+	hctx->tags->rqs[tag] = rq;
+}
+
 #endif

programming_language: C
filename: blk-mq.c
change_type: ModificationType.MODIFY
diff: @@ -559,23 +559,9 @@ void blk_mq_abort_requeue_list(struct request_queue *q)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_mq_abort_requeue_list);
 
-static inline bool is_flush_request(struct request *rq,
-		struct blk_flush_queue *fq, unsigned int tag)
-{
-	return ((rq->cmd_flags & REQ_FLUSH_SEQ) &&
-			fq->flush_rq->tag == tag);
-}
-
 struct request *blk_mq_tag_to_rq(struct blk_mq_tags *tags, unsigned int tag)
 {
-	struct request *rq = tags->rqs[tag];
-	/* mq_ctx of flush rq is always cloned from the corresponding req */
-	struct blk_flush_queue *fq = blk_get_flush_queue(rq->q, rq->mq_ctx);
-
-	if (!is_flush_request(rq, fq, tag))
-		return rq;
-
-	return fq->flush_rq;
+	return tags->rqs[tag];
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_mq_tag_to_rq);
 

programming_language: C
filename: blk.h
change_type: ModificationType.MODIFY
diff: @@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ struct blk_flush_queue {
 	struct list_head	flush_queue[2];
 	struct list_head	flush_data_in_flight;
 	struct request		*flush_rq;
+
+	/*
+	 * flush_rq shares tag with this rq, both can't be active
+	 * at the same time
+	 */
+	struct request		*orig_rq;
 	spinlock_t		mq_flush_lock;
 };
 

programming_language: C