CVE-2016-2143 (published 2016-04-27T17:59Z)

The fork implementation in the Linux kernel before 4.5 on s390 platforms mishandles the case of four page-table levels, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted application, related to arch/s390/include/asm/mmu_context.h and arch/s390/include/asm/pgalloc.h.

Severity: MEDIUM
CVSS v2 base score: 6.9 (AV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C)
CVSS v3 base score: 7.8, HIGH (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

Weakness information:
cwe_id: CWE-20
cwe_name: Improper Input Validation
description: The product receives input or data, but it does
        not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the
        properties that are required to process the data safely and
        correctly.
extended_description: 
	   Input validation is a frequently-used technique
	   for checking potentially dangerous inputs in order to
	   ensure that the inputs are safe for processing within the
	   code, or when communicating with other components.  When
	   software does not validate input properly, an attacker is
	   able to craft the input in a form that is not expected by
	   the rest of the application. This will lead to parts of the
	   system receiving unintended input, which may result in
	   altered control flow, arbitrary control of a resource, or
	   arbitrary code execution.
	   Input validation is not the only technique for
	   processing input, however.  Other techniques attempt to
	   transform potentially-dangerous input into something safe, such
	   as filtering (CWE-790) - which attempts to remove dangerous
	   inputs - or encoding/escaping (CWE-116), which attempts to
	   ensure that the input is not misinterpreted when it is included
	   in output to another component. Other techniques exist as well
	   (see CWE-138 for more examples.)
	   Input validation can be applied to:
	   
	     raw data - strings, numbers, parameters, file contents, etc.
	     metadata - information about the raw data, such as headers or size
	   
	   Data can be simple or structured.  Structured data
	   can be composed of many nested layers, composed of
	   combinations of metadata and raw data, with other simple or
	   structured data.
	   Many properties of raw data or metadata may need
	   to be validated upon entry into the code, such
	   as:
	   
	     specified quantities such as size, length, frequency, price, rate, number of operations, time, etc.
	     implied or derived quantities, such as the actual size of a file instead of a specified size
	     indexes, offsets, or positions into more complex data structures
	     symbolic keys or other elements into hash tables, associative arrays, etc.
	     well-formedness, i.e. syntactic correctness - compliance with expected syntax 
	     lexical token correctness - compliance with rules for what is treated as a token
	     specified or derived type - the actual type of the input (or what the input appears to be)
	     consistency - between individual data elements, between raw data and metadata, between references, etc.
	     conformance to domain-specific rules, e.g. business logic 
	     equivalence - ensuring that equivalent inputs are treated the same
	     authenticity, ownership, or other attestations about the input, e.g. a cryptographic signature to prove the source of the data
	   
	   Implied or derived properties of data must often
	   be calculated or inferred by the code itself.  Errors in
	   deriving properties may be considered a contributing factor
	   to improper input validation.
	   
	   Note that "input validation" has very different
	   meanings to different people, or within different
	   classification schemes.  Caution must be used when
	   referencing this CWE entry or mapping to it.  For example,
	   some weaknesses might involve inadvertently giving control
	   to an attacker over an input when they should not be able
	   to provide an input at all, but sometimes this is referred
	   to as input validation.
	   Finally, it is important to emphasize that the
	   distinctions between input validation and output escaping
	   are often blurred, and developers must be careful to
	   understand the difference, including how input validation
	   is not always sufficient to prevent vulnerabilities,
	   especially when less stringent data types must be
	   supported, such as free-form text. Consider a SQL injection
	   scenario in which a person's last name is inserted into a
	   query. The name "O'Reilly" would likely pass the validation
	   step since it is a common last name in the English
	   language. However, this valid name cannot be directly
	   inserted into the database because it contains the "'"
	   apostrophe character, which would need to be escaped or
	   otherwise transformed. In this case, removing the
	   apostrophe might reduce the risk of SQL injection, but it
	   would produce incorrect behavior because the wrong name
	   would be recorded.
       
         

Fix information:
repo_url: https://github.com/torvalds/linux
commit_details: repo_url: https://github.com/torvalds/linux
author: Martin Schwidefsky
author_date: 2016-02-15 14:46:49+01:00
msg: s390/mm: four page table levels vs. fork

The fork of a process with four page table levels is broken since
git commit 6252d702c5311ce9 "[S390] dynamic page tables."

All new mm contexts are created with three page table levels and
an asce limit of 4TB. If the parent has four levels dup_mmap will
add vmas to the new context which are outside of the asce limit.
The subsequent call to copy_page_range will walk the three level
page table structure of the new process with non-zero pgd and pud
indexes. This leads to memory clobbers as the pgd_index *and* the
pud_index is added to the mm->pgd pointer without a pgd_deref
in between.

The init_new_context() function is selecting the number of page
table levels for a new context. The function is used by mm_init()
which in turn is called by dup_mm() and mm_alloc(). These two are
used by fork() and exec(). The init_new_context() function can
distinguish the two cases by looking at mm->context.asce_limit,
for fork() the mm struct has been copied and the number of page
table levels may not change. For exec() the mm_alloc() function
set the new mm structure to zero, in this case a three-level page
table is created as the temporary stack space is located at
STACK_TOP_MAX = 4TB.

This fixes CVE-2016-2143.

Reported-by: Marcin Kościelnicki <koriakin@0x04.net>
Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
repository: repo_url: https://github.com/torvalds/linux
repo_name: torvalds/linux
description: Linux kernel source tree
repo_language: C
owner: torvalds
file_changes: filename: mmu_context.h
change_type: ModificationType.MODIFY
diff: @@ -15,17 +15,25 @@
 static inline int init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk,
 				   struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
+	spin_lock_init(&mm->context.list_lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->context.pgtable_list);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->context.gmap_list);
 	cpumask_clear(&mm->context.cpu_attach_mask);
 	atomic_set(&mm->context.attach_count, 0);
 	mm->context.flush_mm = 0;
-	mm->context.asce_bits = _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH | _ASCE_USER_BITS;
-	mm->context.asce_bits |= _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3;
 #ifdef CONFIG_PGSTE
 	mm->context.alloc_pgste = page_table_allocate_pgste;
 	mm->context.has_pgste = 0;
 	mm->context.use_skey = 0;
 #endif
-	mm->context.asce_limit = STACK_TOP_MAX;
+	if (mm->context.asce_limit == 0) {
+		/* context created by exec, set asce limit to 4TB */
+		mm->context.asce_bits = _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH |
+			_ASCE_USER_BITS | _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3;
+		mm->context.asce_limit = STACK_TOP_MAX;
+	} else if (mm->context.asce_limit == (1UL << 31)) {
+		mm_inc_nr_pmds(mm);
+	}
 	crst_table_init((unsigned long *) mm->pgd, pgd_entry_type(mm));
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -111,8 +119,6 @@ static inline void activate_mm(struct mm_struct *prev,
 static inline void arch_dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *oldmm,
 				 struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
-	if (oldmm->context.asce_limit < mm->context.asce_limit)
-		crst_table_downgrade(mm, oldmm->context.asce_limit);
 }
 
 static inline void arch_exit_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm)

programming_language: C
filename: pgalloc.h
change_type: ModificationType.MODIFY
diff: @@ -100,12 +100,26 @@ static inline void pud_populate(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud, pmd_t *pmd)
 
 static inline pgd_t *pgd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm)
 {
-	spin_lock_init(&mm->context.list_lock);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->context.pgtable_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->context.gmap_list);
-	return (pgd_t *) crst_table_alloc(mm);
+	unsigned long *table = crst_table_alloc(mm);
+
+	if (!table)
+		return NULL;
+	if (mm->context.asce_limit == (1UL << 31)) {
+		/* Forking a compat process with 2 page table levels */
+		if (!pgtable_pmd_page_ctor(virt_to_page(table))) {
+			crst_table_free(mm, table);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	return (pgd_t *) table;
+}
+
+static inline void pgd_free(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd)
+{
+	if (mm->context.asce_limit == (1UL << 31))
+		pgtable_pmd_page_dtor(virt_to_page(pgd));
+	crst_table_free(mm, (unsigned long *) pgd);
 }
-#define pgd_free(mm, pgd) crst_table_free(mm, (unsigned long *) pgd)
 
 static inline void pmd_populate(struct mm_struct *mm,
 				pmd_t *pmd, pgtable_t pte)

programming_language: C