炮决
参考资料

↑  封聖英語作，與加農炮英語相近。
1 2 3  Havholm (2008), p. 77 （页面存档备份，存于）
1 2  Calcutta Review (1851), p. 395 （页面存档备份，存于）
1 2  Alden (1996), p. 55 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Southey (1822), p.469 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  17th century case, Afsos, Court (1871), p. 64 （页面存档备份，存于）, 18th century case Hazārah, McChesney, Khorrami (2012), p. 54 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Long (1869), p. 397–398 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  February 1781 Parlby (1822), p. 188 （页面存档备份，存于）, May 1783 Baillie (1788), p. 490 （页面存档备份，存于）, July 1783 Forbes (1815), p. 123 （页面存档备份，存于）, October 1783 Forbes (1815), p. 133 （页面存档备份，存于） November 1783 Baillie (1788), p. 468 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Long (1869), p. 51 （页面存档备份，存于） page 224 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Past Present, Volume 233, Issue 1, November 2016, Pages 185-225, Calculated to Strike Terror: The Amritsar Massacre and the Spectacle of Colonial Violence by Kim A. Wagner, https://academic.oup.com/past/article/233/1/185/2915150/Calculated-to-Strike-Terror-The-Amritsar-Massacre （页面存档备份，存于）
1 2  Cullather, Meyerowitz (2003), p. 50 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Boyar, Fleet (2010), p. 112 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Campbell (1839), p. 421 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Duff (1826, 3), p. 190 （页面存档备份，存于）, and Lal, Prinsep (1831), p. 127 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  American Peace Society (1858) p. 23 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  "It is a curious fact, and well attested by many persons present, that a number of kites (a bird of prey very common in India) actually accompanied the melancholy party in their progress to the place of execution, as if they knew what was going on, and then kept hovering over the guns from which the culprits were to be blown away, flapping their wings, and shrieking, as if in anticipation of their bloody feast, till the fatal flash, which scattered the fragments of bodies in the air; when, pouncing on their prey, they positively caught in their talons many pieces of the quivering flesh before they could reach the ground! At sight of this the native troops employed on this duty, together with the crowd which had assembled to witness the execution, set up a yell of horror".. The description is from the execution of those found guilty in the Vellore Mutiny in 1806, Blakiston (1829), p. 309 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  In an 1845 Herat case: "It was a scene that I shall never forget—a horrid spectacle, and touched me to the very heart. The broken limbs of the unfortunate man were scattered in all directions, while his bowels, which had not been thrown to so great a distance, were in an instant devoured by the dogs that were loitering about the spot." Ferrier (1856), p. 189 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  See, for example, Heathcote (1995), p. 105 （页面存档备份，存于）, and Fremont-Barnes (2007), p. 79[].
↑  Sabahuddin, Shukla (2003), p. 122 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Afsos (1871), p. 64 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Asiatic Soicety of Bengal (1847), p. 658 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Hazārah, McChesney, Khorrami (2012), p. 54 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Bakshi (1997), p. 103–104 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Irvine (1922), thieves, p. 287, and deserters, p. 415.
↑  Long (1869), p. 51 （页面存档备份，存于） page 224 （页面存档备份，存于） for 17 November 1760 decision, footnote remarking that thief was a carpenter named Nayn
↑  Anderson (1859), p. 39 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  At that time, Shuja-ud-Daula, who was defeated by the British in the Battle of Buxar some months later
↑  Broome (1850), p. 435 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  For 1764 and 1775 events, Butalia (1998), p. 273 （页面存档备份，存于）. Hector Munro's report on 24 executed to the House of Commons may be read here: Adolphus (1840), p. 268 （页面存档备份，存于）. In his letter dated 18 September to the East India Company, however, Monro says 25, detailing where they were sent for execution, Long (1869), p. 397–398 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Deerrett (1783), p. 83–85 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Almon (1791), p. 637 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  February 1781 Parlby (1822), p. 188 （页面存档备份，存于）, May 1783 Baillie (1788), p. 490 （页面存档备份，存于）, July 1783 Forbes (1815), p. 123 （页面存档备份，存于）, October 1783 Forbes (1815), p. 133 （页面存档备份，存于）, November 1783 Baillie (1788), p. 468 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Butalia (1998), p. 273–274 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Grey, Garrett (1996), p. 216 （页面存档备份，存于）. However, a case from 1784 in the cantonment at Arcot says that a mutiny over reduced pay broke out in October among European troops, and that one active serjeant was condemned to be blown from a gun. Baldwin (1785), p. 390 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Philippart (1823), p. 497 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Rosselli (1974), p. 52 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Wilkes (1815), p. 310 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Macready (1853), p. 236 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Detailed report by captain Doveton from 1844, Doveton (1844), p. 620–624 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  On achieved rank under Madras governor George Macartney Munro (1789), p. 344 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Munro (1789), p. 358 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Seton-Karr (1865), p. 181–185 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Wellington, Wellington (1868), p. 332 （页面存档备份，存于）, and Pogson (1833), p. 30–31 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Asiatic Journal (1837), p. 58 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Number executed specified in "Government Records" (1911), p. 132 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Allen's Indian Mail （页面存档备份，存于） (1857), pp. 465, 466, 502, 549, 601, 731, 771, 911
↑  Parliament of Great Britain (1859), p. 80 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Indian News (1858), p. 125 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Shrivastav (1971), p. 108 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  See, for example, remark by colonel Mylne, Russell (1859), p. 45 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  In a letter dated 30 August 1857, received by William Muir working as an intelligence officer, the persons were Mr. Bridges (an indigo planter), his wife, his mother-in-law and their daughter Mrs. Eckford. Muir, Coldstream (1902), p. 501.
↑  The Inquirer & Commercial News, Wednesday 7 April 1858, "Phoenix", 10 September 1857 （页面存档备份，存于）, Noel (1859), p. 461 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  .   [2020-10-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-29）.
↑  In this case, however, the viceroy of India, Richard Bourke, earl of Mayo, disowned the action of Mr. Cowan, who presided over the first 49 executions and dismissed that officer responsible for the mass execution. Knight (2012), p. 13 （页面存档备份，存于）. However, this was on basis of a procedural point concerning how the trial under Cowan had been held; Mr. Forsyth, Mr. Cowan's hierarchical superior, also blew the last 16 from guns, some time thereafter, but according to requirements of "fair trial". Singh (1995), p. 503–507 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Ribeiro, Le Grand (1847), p. 138 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  According to the same source, this punishment was only inflicted in cases of rebellion, otherwise, deportation was the most severe punishment Thoman (1869), p. 111 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Salt (1814), p. 39–40 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Southey (1822), p. 469 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Noelle (2012), p. 290 （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Tate (1911), on treachery, p. 115, on blowing from a gun, p. 121.
↑  Apart from blowing from guns, the source mention as well that people could be bayoneted to death, hanged, crucified, disemboweled, sawn in two, hanged or dragged to death behind horses. Akbarzadeh, Macqueen (2008), p. 93 （页面存档备份，存于）. Lord Curzon, visiting Kabul in 1894, narrates the following chilling story about a rapist: "One official who had outraged a woman was stripped naked and placed in a hole dug for the purpose on the top of a high hill outside Kabul. It was in mid-winter; and water was then poured upon him until he was converted into an icicle and frozen alive. As the Amir sardonically remarked, “He would never be too hot again.”" Edwards (1996), p. 111 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Lee (1996), p. 551 （页面存档备份，存于）. In 1891 Herat, a rebel leader was also blown from a gun, p. 580 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Letter from Humphreys to the foreign secretary from 20 January 1929, cited in Roberts (2003), p. 51 （页面存档备份，存于） and p. 61 （页面存档备份，存于）. For the case of Ali Ahmad Khan blown by guns in July 1929, see Lee (1996), p. 378 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  . independent.co.uk. 2017-09-21  [2024-07-07].