经济学
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↑  Smith, Adam (1776). The Wealth of Nations, Bk. IV, ch. 8, para. 49 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Samuelson, Paul A., and William D. Nordhaus (2004). Economics. 18th ed., McGraw-Hill, ch. 2, "Markets and Government in a Modern Economy", The Invisible Hand, p. 30.
   Blaug, Mark (2008). "invisible hand", The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, v. 4, pp. 564–66. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Smith, Adam (1776). The Wealth of Nations, Bk. IV: Of Systems of political Œconomy, ch. II （页面存档备份，存于）, "Of Restraints upon the Importation from Foreign Countries."
↑  Smith, Adam (1776). The Wealth of Nations, Bk. II, ch. II, para. 94 （页面存档备份，存于） and Bk. II, ch. IV, para. 15 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Smith, Adam (1776). The Wealth of Nations, Bk. V, ch. I, para. 180-85 （页面存档备份，存于） and 239 and 240 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Smith, Adam (1776). The Wealth of Nations, Bk. V, ch. I, para. 64 （页面存档备份，存于） and Bk. IV: Of Systems of political Œconomy, ch. IX, para. 51 （页面存档备份，存于） and Bk. V: ch. 1 （页面存档备份，存于）, "Of the Expences of the Sovereign or Commonwealth", para. 71 and 76 （页面存档备份，存于）, and 239-40 （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Blaug, Mark (2007). "The Social Sciences: Economics", The New Encyclopædia Britannica, v. 27, Analysis of the market, pp. 343–44.
   _____ (1997). Economic Theory in Retrospect, 5th ed., in ch. 2, sect. 19, "Adam Smith as an Economist, pp. 56–62. （页面存档备份，存于）
   Vaughn, Karen I. (1987), "invisible hand", The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 2, pp. 997–99. Link （页面存档备份，存于）.
   Skinner, Andrew (2008). "Smith, Adam (1723–1790)", Policy, The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, v. 7, pp. 559–61. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于）.
   Viner, Jacob (1927). "Adam Smith and Laissez Faire", sect. IV. Flaws in the Natural Order, pp. 214–17, and V. The Functions of Government, Journal of Political Economy, 35(2), pp. 217–32 (pp. 198-232).
↑  Samuelson, Paul A., William D. Nordhaus (2004). Economics. 18th ed., McGraw-Hill, ch. 2, "Markets and Government in a Modern Economy", Not Chaos, but Economic Order (and following, pp. 26–29; The Invisible Hand, pp. 30–31.
↑  Malthus, Thomas (1798). An Essay on the Principle of Population.
↑  David Ricardo, 1817. On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation.
↑  Ronald Findlay, 2008. "comparative advantage", The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, 1st paragraph. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于）.
↑  Mill, John Stuart (1848, 1871, 7th ed.). Principles of Political Economy.
↑  Smith, Adam (1776). The Wealth of Nations （页面存档备份，存于）, Bk. 1, Ch. 5, 6.
↑  Roemer, J.E. (1987). "Marxian value analysis". The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 3, 383.
   Mandel, Ernest (1987). "Marx, Karl Heinrich", The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 3, pp. 372, 376.
↑  Screpanti, Ernesto, and Stefano Zamagni; An Outline of the History of Economic Thought (1994).
↑  Unger, Roberto Mangabeira. 2007. Free Trade Reimagined: The World Division of Labor and the Method of Economics. Princeton: Princeton University Press, p. 55-64.
↑  Keynes, John Maynard. . London: Macmillan. 1936. ISBN 1-57392-139-4. 
   Blaug, Mark (2007). "The Social Sciences: Economics", The New Encyclopædia Britannica, v. 27, p. 347. Chicago.