质数
註記

↑  Some sources also put  \left|q\right|_{p}:=e^{-v_{p}(q)}.\,.
↑  . 互联网梅森素数大搜索计划. （原始内容存档于2019-04-07）.
↑  Dudley, Underwood,  2nd, W. H. Freeman and Co., 1978, ISBN 978-0-7167-0076-0 , p. 10, section 2
↑  Dudley 1978, Section 2, Theorem 2
↑  Dudley 1978, Section 2, Lemma 5
↑  如見David E. Joyce對幾何原本的註記，Book VII, definitions 1 and 2 （页面存档备份，存于）
1 2  .   [2015-08-23]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-19）.
↑  Weisstein, Eric W., "Goldbach Conjecture," MathWorld
↑  Riesel 1994, p. 36
↑  Conway & Guy 1996, pp. 129–130
↑  
Derbyshire, John, , , Washington,  D.C.: Joseph Henry Press: 33, 2003, ISBN 978-0-309-08549-6, OCLC 249210614  使用|accessdate=需要含有|url= (帮助)
↑  ""Arguments for and against the primality of 1 （页面存档备份，存于）".
↑  .   [2015-08-23]. （原始内容存档于2008-05-09）.
↑  The Largest Known Prime by Year: A Brief History （页面存档备份，存于） Prime Curios!: 17014…05727 (39-digits) （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  例如，Beiler寫道，數論學家恩斯特·庫默爾熱愛他的理想數，該數與質數密切相關，「因為這些數沒有被任何實際應用所玷污」。Katz則寫道，愛德蒙·蘭道（他最為人所知的是對質數分佈的相關研究）「厭惡數學的實際應用」，且因為這個理由，規避幾何等已知有所用途之學科。Beiler, Albert H., , Dover: 2, 1966  [2015-08-23], ISBN 9780486210964, （原始内容存档于2021-04-17） . Katz, Shaul, , Science in Context, 2004, 17 (1-2): 199–234, ISSN 0269-8897, MR 2089305, doi:10.1017/S0269889704000092
↑  Letter （页面存档备份，存于） in Latin from Goldbach to Euler, July 1730.
↑  Furstenberg 1955
↑  Ribenboim 2004, p. 4
↑  James Williamson (translator and commentator), The Elements of Euclid, With Dissertations, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1782, page 63, English translation of Euclid's proof （页面存档备份，存于）
↑  Hardy, Michael; Woodgold, Catherine. . Mathematical Intelligencer. 2009, 31 (4): 44–52. doi:10.1007/s00283-009-9064-8.
↑  Apostol, Tom M., , Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1976, ISBN 978-0-387-90163-3 , Section 1.6, Theorem 1.13
↑  Apostol 1976, Section 4.8, Theorem 4.12
↑  （Lehmer 1909）.
↑  . Electronic Frontier Foundation. 2009-10-14  [2010-01-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-20）.
↑  . Electronic Frontier Foundation.   [2010-01-04]. （原始内容存档于2010-04-02）.
↑  Chris K. Caldwell. . Primes.utm.edu.   [2013-02-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-10）.
↑  Chris K. Caldwell. . Primes.utm.edu.   [2013-02-05]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-06）.
↑  Chris K. Caldwell. . Primes.utm.edu.   [2013-02-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-27）.
↑  Havil 2003, p. 171
↑  Serge Tabachnikov. . American Mathematical Society. 1999-01-01: 13–  [2015-08-25]. ISBN 978-0-8218-1915-9. （原始内容存档于2021-04-17）.
↑  Matiyasevich, Yuri V., , Tabachnikov, Serge  (编),  II, American Mathematical Society: 13–24, 1999  [2015-08-23], ISBN 978-0-8218-1915-9, （原始内容存档于2021-04-17）
↑  （Tom M. Apostol 1976）, Section 4.6, Theorem 4.7
↑  （Ben Green & Terence Tao 2008）
↑  Hua 2009，第176-177頁.
↑  Wolfram, Stephen. . from Wolfram Alpha: Computational Knowledge Engine, Wolfram Research.   [2021-05-18]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-21） （英语）.
↑  Caldwell, Chris. . The Prime Pages.   [2013-09-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-21）.
↑  C. S. Ogilvy & J. T. Anderson Excursions in Number Theory, pp. 29–35, Dover Publications Inc., 1988 ISBN 978-0-486-25778-5
↑  Tomás Oliveira e Silva. . Ieeta.pt. 2011-04-09  [2011-05-21]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-21）.
↑  Ramaré, O., , Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Classe di Scienze. Serie IV, 1995, 22 (4): 645–706  [2008-08-22], （原始内容存档于2020-09-19）.
↑  Caldwell, Chris, The Top Twenty: Lucas Number （页面存档备份，存于） at The Prime Pages.
↑  E.g., see Guy 1981, problem A3, pp. 7–8
↑  Tattersall, J.J., , Cambridge University Press, 2005  [2015-08-23], ISBN 978-0-521-85014-8, （原始内容存档于2020-03-21） , p. 112
↑  Weisstein, Eric W. (编). . at MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Wolfram Research, Inc. （英语）.
↑  Hardy 1940 "No one has yet discovered any warlike purpose to be served by the theory of numbers or relativity, and it seems unlikely that anyone will do so for many years."
↑  Goles, E.; Schulz, O.; Markus, M. . Complexity. 2001, 6 (4): 33–38. doi:10.1002/cplx.1040.
↑  Paulo R. A. Campos, Viviane M. de Oliveira, Ronaldo Giro, and Douglas S. Galvão., , Physical Review Letters, 2004, 93 (9): 098107, Bibcode:2004PhRvL..93i8107C, arXiv:q-bio/0406017 , doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.098107.  使用|accessdate=需要含有|url= (帮助)
↑  . The Economist. 2004-05-06  [2006-11-26]. （原始内容存档于2009-01-25）.
↑  Ivars Peterson. . MAA Online. 1999-06-28  [2008-03-14]. （原始内容存档于2007-10-20）.
↑  Lang, Serge, , Graduate Texts in Mathematics 211, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2002, ISBN 978-0-387-95385-4, MR 1878556 , Section II.1, p. 90
↑  Schubert, H. "Die eindeutige Zerlegbarkeit eines Knotens in Primknoten". S.-B Heidelberger Akad. Wiss. Math.-Nat. Kl. 1949 (1949), 57–104.
↑  Eisenbud 1995, section 3.3.
↑  Shafarevich, Basic Algebraic Geometry volume 2 (Schemes and Complex Manifolds), p. 5, section V.1
↑  Neukirch, Algebraic Number theory, p. 50, Section I.8
↑  Neukirch, Algebraic Number theory, p. 38, Section I.7
↑  Endler, Valuation Theory, p. 1
↑  Gouvea: p-adic numbers: an introduction, Chapter 3, p. 43
↑  Hill 1995.
↑  Carl Pomerance.  (PDF).   [2007-12-22]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-05-06）.
↑  .   [2015-08-23]. （原始内容存档于2015-10-09）.