罗伯茨时期美国最高法院案例列表
已判决的案件 > 已判决和公布

下表所列判例已被编入美国最高法院判例汇编。
| 案件名 | 引用 | 简介  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Gonzales v. Oregon | 546（英语：） U.S. 243 (2006) | Attorney General did not permissibly construe Controlled Substances Act to prohibit the distribution of drugs for physician-assisted suicide |
| Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of Northern New England | 546（英语：） U.S. 320 (2006) | Invalidating statute and lower courts rendering narrower declaratory and injunctive relief |
| 赖斯诉柯林斯案 | 546（英语：） U.S. 333 (2006) | Habeas corpus relief may not be granted on the basis of debatable inferences used to overturn the trial court's finding vis-á-vis peremptory challenges |
| Central Virginia Community College v. Katz | 546（英语：） U.S. 356 (2006) | state sovereign immunity under the 11th Amendment and the Bankruptcy Clause |
| Gonzales v. O Centro Espirita Beneficente Uniao do Vegetal | 546（英语：） U.S. 418 (2006) | Federal government could not bar religious use of hallucinogenic tea |
| Buckeye Check Cashing, Inc. v. Cardegna | 546（英语：） U.S. 440 (2006) | Arbitrator must decide legality of contract unless arbitration clause is itself being challenged |
| Domino's Pizza, Inc. v. McDonald | 546（英语：） U.S. 470 (2006) | agent of a party to a contract cannot state a claim under 美國法典第42编（英语：） § 第1981節 because he himself does not have rights to make or enforce under the contract |
| 杜兰诉美国邮政系统案 | 546（英语：） U.S. 481 (2006) | scope of immunity of the United States Postal Service under the Federal Tort Claims Act |
| Arbaugh v. Y & H Corporation | 546（英语：） U.S. 500 (2006) | "Employee-numerosity" requirement of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is substantive, rather than jurisdictional in nature |
| Oregon v. Guzek | 546（英语：） U.S. 517 (2006) | States may constitutionally limit the evidence of innocence a defendant convicted of a capital offense may present at his sentencing hearing to the evidence already presented at his trial. |
| Texaco, Inc. v. Dagher | 547（英语：） U.S. 1 (2006) | joint venture was not a price-fixing scheme under antitrust law |
| Scheidler v. National Organization for Women | 547（英语：） U.S. 9 (2006) | physical violence unrelated to robbery or extortion falls outside the scope of the Hobbs Act |
| Illinois Tool Works, Inc. v. Independent Ink, Inc. | 547（英语：） U.S. 28 (2006) | patented products involved in product tying arrangements are not presumed to have market power under antitrust law |
| Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights | 547（英语：） U.S. 47 (2006) | law schools receiving federal funds may not ban military recruiters |
| 美国诉格拉布斯案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 90 (2006) | anticipatory search warrant did not violate the particularity clause of the 4th Amendment |
| 佐治亚州诉兰多夫案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 103 (2006) | police cannot conduct a warrantless search in a home where one occupant consents and the other objects |
| Day v. McDonough | 547（英语：） U.S. 198 (2006) | A State's unintentional failure to object to the filing of a habeas corpus petition after the statute of limitations has expired does not prevent a district court from dismissing the petition on its own initiative |
| Northern Ins. Co. of N.Y. v. Chatham County | 547（英语：） U.S. 268 (2006) | sovereign immunity does not apply to admiralty suit against county |
| Jones v. Flowers | 547（英语：） U.S. 220 (2006) | sufficiency of notice for tax sale |
| 哈特曼诉摩尔案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 250 (2006) | A plaintiff in a retaliatory-prosecution action against federal officials must plead and show the absence of probable cause for pressing the underlying criminal charges. |
| Ark. Dep't of Human Servs. v. Ahlborn | 547（英语：） U.S. 268 (2006) | state liens on personal injury settlements |
| Marshall v. Marshall | 547（英语：） U.S. 293 (2006) | federal bankruptcy court binding state court on inheritance question |
| 霍姆斯诉南卡罗来纳州案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 319 (2006) | limitations on exclusion of evidence in murder case, 6th Amendment |
| DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Cuno | 547（英语：） U.S. 332 (2006) | taxpayer standing in a Dormant Commerce Clause case |
| Sereboff v. Mid Atlantic Medical Services, Inc. | 547（英语：） U.S. 356 (2006) | fiduciary's recovery of personal injury settlement under ERISA |
| eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C. | 547（英语：） U.S. 388 (2006) | nature of patent injunctions - revisiting Continental Paper Bag Co. v. Eastern Paper Bag Co. |
| S. D. Warren Co. v. Maine Bd. of Env. Protection | 547（英语：） U.S. 370 (2006) | interpreting scope of activities covered by the Clean Water Act |
| 布里格姆城诉斯图尔特案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 398 (2006) | reasonableness of officers' warrantless entry into a home to stop a fight under the "emergency aid exception" |
| Garcetti v. Ceballos | 547（英语：） U.S. 410 (2006) | extent of public employees' First Amendment right to free speech in the workplace |
| Anza v. Ideal Steel Supply Corp. | 547（英语：） U.S. 451 (2006) | activities subject to RICO |
| Zedner v. United States | 547（英语：） U.S. 489 (2006) | a criminal defendant may not prospectively waive his rights under the Speedy Trial Act |
| House v. Bell | 547（英语：） U.S. 518 (2006) | Post-conviction DNA forensic evidence can be considered in death penalty appeals |
| 希尔诉麦克唐纳案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 573 (2006) | a challenge to lethal injection as violating the Eighth Amendment properly raised a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and is not barred by previous habeas corpus petition |
| 哈德森诉密歇根州案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 586 (2006) | evidence obtained with a search warrant is admissible even when police violate 'knock-and-announce' rule |
| Rapanos v. United States | 547（英语：） U.S. 715 (2006) | whether wetlands are part of the "navigable waters of the United States" and thus regulated by the Clean Water Act |
| 戴维斯诉华盛顿案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 813 (2006) | whether a 911 call is "testimonial" under Crawford v. Washington |
| 萨姆森诉加利福尼亚案 | 547（英语：） U.S. 843 (2006) | evidence obtained in a suspicionless search of parolees is admissible, and not prohibited under the Fourth Amendment |
| 狄克逊诉合众国案 | 548（英语：） U.S. 1 (2006) | burden of proof for duress as a defense to Federal firearms law violations |
| Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Co. v. White | 548（英语：） U.S. 53 (2006) | a job reassignment which is dirtier and more strenuous may constitute retaliatory discrimination under the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as may a month of suspension without pay even when the employee receives back pay |
| Woodford v. Ngo | 548（英语：） U.S. 81 (2006) | the Prison Litigation Reform Act requires proper exhaustion of administrative remedies before an inmate can file a lawsuit |
| United States v. Gonzalez-Lopez | 548（英语：） U.S. 140 (2006) | trial court's erroneous deprivation of a criminal defendant's choice of counsel entitles him to reversal of his conviction |
| 堪萨斯州诉马什案 | 548（英语：） U.S. 163 (2006) | statute allowing the death penalty in cases where the aggravating and mitigating evidence are equal does not violate the Eighth Amendment |
| Randall v. Sorrell | 548（英语：） U.S. 230 (2006) | campaign finance laws which limit expenditures violate the First Amendment, and the anticorruption benefits of contribution limits must be weighed against their First Amendment costs |
| Arlington Central School Dist. Bd. of Ed. v. Murphy | 548（英语：） U.S. 291 (2006) | The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act does not authorize the award of experts' fees to prevailing plaintiffs |
| Sanchez-Llamas v. Oregon | 548（英语：） U.S. 331 (2006) | informing a suspect of his rights under the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations |
| League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry | 548（英语：） U.S. 399 (2006) | Texas's 2003 redistricting of District 23 constituted a violation of Latinos' rights under the Voting Rights Act of 1965, however mid-decade redistricting is constitutional as long as it is not solely motivated by partisan gain |
| Hamdan v. Rumsfeld | 548（英语：） U.S. 557 (2006) | Guantanamo Bay detainees may not be tried by a military commission under the Detainee Treatment Act of 2005, and said military commission violates the Uniform Code of Military Justice and the Geneva Conventions, both of which apply to the detainees, in that accused and their counsels may be excluded from their trial and knowing what evidence has been put against them |
| Clark v. Arizona | 548（英语：） U.S. 735 (2006) | constitutionality of Arizona's insanity defense statute |
| Lopez v. Gonzales | 549（英语：） U.S. 47 (2006) | misdemeanor drug crimes as aggravated felonies |
| Carey v. Musladin | 549（英语：） U.S. 70 (2006) | spectator publicity and the right to a fair trial; "clearly established" law under the AEDPA |
| BP America Production Co. v. Burton | 549（英语：） U.S. 84 (2007) | Statute of limitations on contract actions by the Federal Government under 美國法典第28编（英语：） § 第2415節 is not applicable to administrative proceedings |
| Medimmune, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc. | 549（英语：） U.S. 118 (2007) | enforceability of patents before infringement |
| Cunningham v. California | 549（英语：） U.S. 270 (2007) | applicability of Blakely v. Washington to California's determinate sentencing law |
| Philip Morris USA v. Williams | 549（英语：） U.S. 346 (2007) | constitutional limitations on punitive damages |
| Marrama v. Citizens Bank of Massachusetts | 549（英语：） U.S. 365 (2007) | bad-faith exception to the right to convert Chapter 7 bankruptcy case to a Chapter 13 case |
| Sinochem International Co., Ltd. v. Malaysia International Shipping Corporation | 549（英语：） U.S. 422 (2007) | District Court may respond immediately to defendant's forum non conveniens motion before resolving jurisdictional or other threshold concerns |
| Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency | 549（英语：） U.S. 497 (2007) | power to regulate carbon dioxide emissions |
| Davenport v. Washington Education Association | 550（英语：） U.S. 117 (2007) | A state may require that its public-sector unions receive authorization from nonmembers before spending their agency fees for election-related purposes |
| 冈萨雷斯诉卡哈特案 | 550（英语：） U.S. 124 (2007) | 部份生产堕胎法合宪 |
| James v. United States | 550（英语：） U.S. 192 (2007) | attempted burglary as a predicate crime under the Armed Career Criminal Act |
| Scott v. Harris | 550（英语：） U.S. 372 (2007) | Fourth Amendment seizure in a high speed chase, qualified immunity |
| KSR v. Teleflex | 550（英语：） U.S. 398 (2007) | Patent law, nonobviousness |
| Microsoft v. AT&T | 550（英语：） U.S. 437 (2007) | copying software in a foreign country cannot violate U.S. patent law |
| Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. | 550（英语：） U.S. 618 (2007) | statute of limitations on employment discrimination claims |
| Permanent Mission of India v. City of New York | 551（英语：） U.S. 193 (2007) | whether a municipality can sue other countries to collect unpaid taxes |
| Bowles v. Russell | 551（英语：） U.S. 205 (2007) | Federal Courts of Appeals lack jurisdiction to hear habeas appeals that are filed late, even if the district court said the petitioner had additional time to file |
| Brendlin v. California | 551（英语：） U.S. 249 (2007) | whether a passenger in an automobile is "detained" so that he may assert a Fourth Amendment violation stemming from the traffic stop itself |
| Credit Suisse v. Billing | 551（英语：） U.S. 264 (2007) | Whether Congress's creation of the SEC implicitly exempted regulated industries from antitrust lawsuits |
| 丽塔诉合众国案 | 551（英语：） U.S. 338 (2007) | "reasonableness" of a federal prison sentence under United States v. Booker; continuing application of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines |
| Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd. | 551（英语：） U.S. 308 (2007) | The proper standard for determining whether a plaintiff has alleged a "strong inference" of scienter under the PSLRA |
| 摩士诉弗雷德里克案 | 551（英语：） U.S. 393 (2007) | free speech rights of high school students ("Bong Hits 4 Jesus") |
| CBOCS West v. Humphries | 551（英语：） U.S. 442 (2008) | race retaliation claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1981 |
| Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. | 551（英语：） U.S. 449 (2007) | Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act's restriction on issue ads in election campaigns |
| Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation | 551（英语：） U.S. 587 (2007) | taxpayer standing to pursue an Establishment Clause claim against President Bush's faith-based initiative |
| Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1  Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education (companion case) | 551（英语：） U.S. 701 (2007) | affirmative action; using race as a tie-breaker in assigning students to public schools |
| Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc. | 551（英语：） U.S. 877 (2007) | applying rule of reason under Section 1 of the Sherman Act |
| Panetti v. Quarterman | 551（英语：） U.S. 930 (2007) | 对精神病患者的处决 |
| 沃森诉合众国案 | 552（英语：） U.S. 74 (2007) | whether trading drugs for a gun constitutes use of a firearm under 美國法典第18编（英语：） § 第924節 and Bailey v. United States |
| Kimbrough v. United States | 552（英语：） U.S. 85 (2007) | whether the 100:1 ratio between powder and crack cocaine imposed by the United States Sentencing Commission yields "reasonable" sentences |
| Gall v. United States | 552（英语：） U.S. 38 (2007) | "reasonableness" of a federal prison sentence under United States v. Booker; continuing application of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines |
| Stoneridge Investment Partners v. Scientific-Atlanta | 552（英语：） U.S. 147 (2008) | third parties, such as investment banks, accounting firms and suppliers, can be shielded from liability if they engage in business with companies that are involved in securities fraud. |
| Ali v. Federal Bureau of Prisons | 552（英语：） U.S. 214 (2008) | Case upholding the United States's sovereign immunity against tort claims brought when "any law enforcement officer" loses a person's property. |
| Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc. | 552（英语：） U.S. 312 (2008) | Medical Device Amendment’s preemption clause bars common-law claims challenging the safety or effectiveness of a medical device marketed in a form that received premarket approval from the FDA. |
| 普雷斯顿诉费雷尔案 | 552（英语：） U.S. 346 (2008) | the Federal Arbitration Act preempts state laws declaring that certain disputes must be resolved by a state administrative agency |
| 斯奈德诉路易斯安那州案 | 552（英语：） U.S. 472 (2008) | racial discrimination in jury selection; playing the "O.J. card" |
| Medellín v. Texas | 552（英语：） U.S. 491 (2008) | whether the president may direct state courts to obey an order of the World Court ruling regarding the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations |
| New Jersey v. Delaware | 552（英语：） U.S. 597 (2008) | boundary dispute between New Jersey and Delaware involving the Twelve-Mile Circle |
| MeadWestvaco Corp. v. Illinois Dept. of Revenue | 553（英语：） U.S. 16 (2008) | determination of state tax liability for corporation operating in multiple states according to the "unitary business rule" |
| 巴泽诉里斯案 | 553（英语：） U.S. 35 (2008) | constitutionality of lethal injection protocols under the Eighth Amendment |
| Virginia v. Moore | 553（英语：） U.S. 164 (2008) | whether the Fourth Amendment requires suppression of evidence discovered in a search conducted in violation of state law |
| Crawford v. Marion County Election Board | 553（英语：） U.S. 181 (2008) | constitutionality of requiring voters to show ID before voting |
| Department of Revenue of Kentucky v. Davis | 553（英语：） U.S. 328 (2008) | Kentucky statute providing a preferential tax break to Kentucky residents who invest in bonds issued by the state and its municipalities does not discriminate against interstate commerce |
| United States v. Williams | 553（英语：） U.S. 285 (2008) | constitutionality of the PROTECT Act, a 2003 law intended to bolster federal restriction against child pornography, in the wake of Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition |
| Gomez-Perez v. Potter | 553（英语：） U.S. 474 (2008) | Federal employees who face retaliation after filing an age discrimination claim are authorized to sue under the federal-sector provision of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967. |
| Quanta v. LG Electronics | 553（英语：） U.S. 617 (2008) | patent exhaustion and its applicability to certain types of method patents |
| Boumediene v. Bush | 553（英语：） U.S. 723 (2008) | whether the Military Detainee Treatment Act of 2006 unconstitutionally suspends the writ of habeas corpus |
| Allison Engine Co. v. United States ex rel. Sanders | 553（英语：） U.S. 662 (2008) | Plaintiffs under the False Claims Act must demonstrate that the defendants intended to deceive the government, not simply that government money was used to pay the claim. |
| Munaf v. Geren | 553（英语：） U.S. 674 (2008) | habeas corpus statute extends to American citizens held overseas by American forces operating subject to an American chain of command |
| Indiana v. Edwards | 554（英语：） U.S. 164 (2008) | may a criminal defendant be competent to stand trial yet simultaneously not competent to represent himself at that trial? |
| Greenlaw v. United States | 554（英语：） U.S. 237 (2008) | may a federal appeals court sua sponte increase a defendant's sentence on appeal, without a formal appeal by the government? |
| Rothgery v. Gillespie County | 554（英语：） U.S. 191 (2008) | does a criminal defendant have a right to counsel at an ex parte arraignment? |
| Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker | 554（英语：） U.S. 471 (2008) | legality of punitive damages award under federal maritime law for the Exxon Valdez oil spill |
| Kennedy v. Louisiana | 554（英语：） U.S. 407 (2008) | does the Eighth Amendment forbid the death penalty for rape of a child? |
| Giles v. California | 554（英语：） U.S. 353 (2008) | the forfeiture by wrongdoing exception to out of court statements by a witness only applies where the defendant caused the witness's absence in order to eliminate their testimony at trial |
| District of Columbia v. Heller | 554（英语：） U.S. 570 (2008) | does the Second Amendment allows a state or local government to outlaw the private possession of handguns? |
| Davis v. Federal Election Commission | 554（英语：） U.S. 724 (2008) | "Millionaire's amendment" to the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 violates the First Amendment |
| Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council | 555（英语：） U.S. 7 (2008) | military preparedness outweighs environmental concerns, as Navy needs to train its crews to detect modern, silent submarines |
| Altria Group, Inc. v. Good | 555（英语：） U.S. 70 (2008) | federal law does not preempt the states' prerogative to regulate the advertisement of tar and nicotine rates in cigarettes |
| Herring v. United States | 555（英语：） U.S. 135 (2009) | evidence obtained during a search the police conducted as a result of an isolated act of negligence not related to the search is not subject to the exclusionary rule |
| Oregon v. Ice | 555（英语：） U.S. 160 (2009) | the facts necessary for imposing consecutive prison terms need not be submitted to a jury in accordance with Apprendi v. New Jersey |
| Waddington v. Sarausad | 555（英语：） U.S. 179 (2009) | on federal habeas review, courts must accept state court determinations that jury instructions fully and correctly set out state law with regard to accomplice liability |
| Pearson v. Callahan | 555（英语：） U.S. 223 (2009) | Saucier v. Katz is overruled; courts need not determine whether a civil-rights plaintiff's constitutional rights were violated if they determine that the right was not clearly established at the time of the injury |