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門捷列夫
克萊門斯·溫克勒
鍺旳電子殼層圖
甲鍺烷與甲烷的結構相近
有機鍺化合物的親核加成反應
硫鍺鐵銅礦
圖為典型的單模光纖。氧化鍺用於摻雜二氧化硅核心（1號）。

1. 核心 8 µm

2. 包層 125 µm

3. 緩衝層 250 µm

4. 護套 400 µm