维生素D缺乏症
参考资料

1 2 3  Vitamin D 来自默克诊疗手册专业版
1 2 3  Heaney RP. . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. December 2004, 80 (6 Suppl): 1706S–9S  [2012-09-01]. PMID 15585791. （原始内容存档于2020-05-02）.
1 2  Holick MF.  (PDF). N. Engl. J. Med. 2007, 357 (3): 266–81  [2012-09-01]. PMID 17634462. doi:10.1056/NEJMra070553. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-09-14）.
↑  Stroud ML, Stilgoe S, Stott VE, Alhabian O, Salman K. . Australian Family Physician. December 2008, 37 (12): 1002–5  [2012-09-01]. PMID 19142273. （原始内容存档于2017-12-03）.
1 2 3 4 5 6  . National Institutes of Health.   [2007-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2007-09-10）.
1 2  Joshi, D; Center, J; Eisman, J. . Australian Prescriber. 2010, (33): 103–6. （原始内容存档于2011-07-27）.
↑  N. Binkley, R. Novotny, D. Krueger, T. Kawahara, Y. G. Daida, G. Lensmeyer, B. W. Hollis, M. K. Drezner. . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2007-6, 92 (6): 2130–2135  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0021-972X. PMID 17426097. doi:10.1210/jc.2006-2250. （原始内容存档于2019-10-20）.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
↑  Bolland, Mark J; Barber, P Alan; Doughty, Robert N; Mason, Barbara; Horne, Anne; Ames, Ruth; Gamble, Gregory D; Grey, Andrew; Reid, Ian R. . BMJ (BMJ). 2008-01-15, 336 (7638): 262–266. ISSN 0959-8138. doi:10.1136/bmj.39440.525752.be.
↑  . Elsevier Global Medical News. February 9, 2010  [2010-04-06]. （原始内容存档于2010年3月1日）.
↑  Mark J. Bolland, Catherine J. Bacon, Anne M. Horne, Barbara H. Mason, Ruth W. Ames, Tom Km Wang, Andrew B. Grey, Greg D. Gamble, Ian R. Reid. . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2010-1, 91 (1): 82–89  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 1938-3207. PMID 19906799. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28424. （原始内容存档于2010-12-08）.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
↑  NPS Medicinewise. . April 1, 2011  [May 20, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2011年5月29日）.
↑  Grant WB, Holick MF.  (PDF). Alternative Medicine Review. June 2005, 10 (2): 94–111. PMID 15989379. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-04-17）.
↑  Yorifuji J; Yorifuji T; Tachibana K;  et al. . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. May 2008, 93 (5): 1784–8. PMID 18270256. doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2254.
1 2  Rajakumar K. . Pediatrics. August 2003, 112 (2): e132–5. PMID 12897318. doi:10.1542/peds.112.2.e132.
1 2 3  Holick MF. . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. December 2004, 80 (6 Suppl): 1678S–88S  [2012-09-03]. PMID 15585788. （原始内容存档于2013-01-12）.
↑  Y. Milaneschi, M. Shardell, A.M. Corsi, R. Vazzana, S. Bandinelli, J.M. Guralnik, L. Ferrucci, , Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, doi:10.1210/jc.2010-0347
↑  Kingsbury, Kathleen. . Time Health & Science (Time Inc.). 2008-10-13  [15 November 2008]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-22）.
↑  Greer, FR. . Consultant for Pediatricians. 2009, 8 (9): 323–329  [2012-09-12]. （原始内容存档于2011-02-14）.
↑  John C Godel. . Canadian Paediatric Society. 2007-10-01  [2012-09-12]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-25）.
↑  M. G. Dunnigan, J. B. Henderson. . The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 1997-11, 56 (3): 939–956  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0029-6651. PMID 9483661. （原始内容存档于2016-02-01）.
↑  Robertson, I; Ford, JA; McIntosh, WB; Dunnigan, MG. . The British journal of nutrition. 1981, 45 (1): 17–22. PMID 6970590. doi:10.1079/BJN19810073.
↑  Clements, M. R. . Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics (Wiley-Blackwell). 1989, 2 (2): 105–116. ISSN 0952-3871. doi:10.1111/j.1365-277x.1989.tb00015.x.
1 2  John M. Pettifor. . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 12 2004, 80 (6 Suppl): 1725S–9S  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0002-9165. PMID 15585795. doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.6.1725S. （原始内容存档于2018-10-07）.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
↑  Dunnigan, MG; Henderson, JB. . The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 1997, 56 (3): 939–56. PMID 9483661. doi:10.1079/PNS19970100.
1 2  Dunnigan, Matthew G.; Henderson, Janet B.; Hole, David J.; Mawer, E. Barbara; Berry, Jacqueline L. . British Journal of Nutrition (Cambridge University Press (CUP)). 2005, 94 (06): 983. ISSN 0007-1145. doi:10.1079/bjn20051558.
↑  . US National Institutes Of Health, National cancer Institute.   [2012-09-12]. （原始内容存档于2010-06-08）.
↑  Weick, MT. . The American journal of clinical nutrition. 1967, 20 (11): 1234–41. PMID 4862158.
↑  Garrison, R., Jr., Somer, E., The nutrition desk reference(1997)
↑  E. Melanie DuPuis., Nature's Perfect Food: How Milk Became America's Drink(2002) ISBN 978-0-8147-1938-1
↑  Teegarden, D; Lyle, RM; Proulx, WR; Johnston, CC; Weaver, CM. . The American journal of clinical nutrition. 1999, 69 (5): 1014–7. PMID 10232644.
↑  Holick MF. . The Journal of Nutrition. November 2005, 135 (11): 2739S–48S. PMID 16251641.
↑  Jenny A. Lucas, Mark J. Bolland, Andrew B. Grey, Ruth W. Ames, Barbara H. Mason, Anne M. Horne, Greg D. Gamble, Ian R. Reid. . Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. 2005-12, 16 (12): 1641–1648  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0937-941X. PMID 16027959. doi:10.1007/s00198-005-1888-2. （原始内容存档于2013-05-30）.
↑  M. J. Bolland, A. B. Grey, R. W. Ames, B. H. Mason, A. M. Horne, G. D. Gamble, I. R. Reid. . Osteoporosis international: a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA. 2006-12, 17 (12): 1742–1748  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0937-941X. PMID 16932872. doi:10.1007/s00198-006-0190-2. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）.
↑  A. E. Field, E. H. Coakley, A. Must, J. L. Spadano, N. Laird, W. H. Dietz, E. Rimm, G. A. Colditz. . Archives of Internal Medicine. 2001-07-09, 161 (13): 1581–1586  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0003-9926. PMID 11434789. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
↑  Reddy, Kavitha K.; Gilchrest, Barbara A. . Journal of Investigative Dermatology (Elsevier BV). 2010, 130 (2): 321–326. ISSN 0022-202X. doi:10.1038/jid.2009.353.
↑  Cedric F. Garland, Edward D. Gorham, Sharif B. Mohr, William B. Grant, Edward L. Giovannucci, Martin Lipkin, Harold Newmark, Michael F. Holick, Frank C. Garland. . The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2007-3, 103 (3-5): 708–711  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0960-0760. PMID 17368188. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.007. （原始内容存档于2020-04-25）.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
↑  Sayre RM, Dowdy JC. . Photochemistry and Photobiology. 2007, 83 (2): 459–63. PMID 17115796. doi:10.1562/2006-06-29-RC-956.
↑  R. Marks, P. A. Foley, D. Jolley, K. R. Knight, J. Harrison, S. C. Thompson. . Archives of Dermatology. 1995-4, 131 (4): 415–421  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0003-987X. PMID 7726582. （原始内容存档于2020-05-13）.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
↑  J. Farrerons, M. Barnadas, J. Rodríguez, A. Renau, B. Yoldi, A. López-Navidad, J. Moragas. . The British Journal of Dermatology. 1998-9, 139 (3): 422–427  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 0007-0963. PMID 9767286. （原始内容存档于2020-05-06）.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
↑  M. Norval, H. C. Wulf. . The British Journal of Dermatology. 2009-10, 161 (4): 732–736  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 1365-2133. PMID 19663879. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09332.x. （原始内容存档于2019-06-08）.
↑  Nowson CA, Margerison C. . The Medical Journal of Australia. August 2002, 177 (3): 149–52  [2012-09-17]. PMID 12149085. （原始内容存档于2012-03-01）.
↑  Mishal, AA. . Osteoporosis International (Springer London). 2001, 12 (11): 931–935. PMID 11804019. doi:10.1007/s001980170021. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 62.3% in the study groups as a whole. Dress styles covering the whole body, totally or nearly totally, have adverse effects on 25(OH)D levels and may produce a state of secondary hyperparathyroidism on the long run. Although Jordan enjoys plenty of sunshine, these data are suggestive of widespread hypovitaminosis D in Jordan.
↑  Bandgar, TR; NS Shah. . Journal of the Association of Physicians of India.   [2010-09-15]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）. Social and religious customs that require people to wear concealing clothing, veiling and traditional attire, such as the Burqa", salvar kameez" and sari significantly prevents sun exposure.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
↑  Yuen AW, Jablonski NG. . Medical Hypotheses. January 2010, 74 (1): 39–44. PMID 19717244. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2009.08.007.
↑  Sibert, JR; Moffat, WM. . Archives of Disease in Childhood. 1973, 48 (10): 814–6. PMC 1648552 . PMID 4542997. doi:10.1136/adc.48.10.814.
↑  Labuda, M; Labuda, D; Korab-Laskowska, M; Cole, DE; Zietkiewicz, E; Weissenbach, J; Popowska, E; Pronicka, E; Root, AW. . American Journal of Human Genetics. 1996, 59 (3): 633–43. PMC 1914903 . PMID 8751865.
↑  Zargar, A. H.; Mithal, A; Wani, AI; Laway, BA; Masoodi, SR; Bashir, MI; Ganie, MA. . Postgraduate Medical Journal. 2000, 76 (896): 369–72 / 369. PMC 1741602 . PMID 10824056. doi:10.1136/pmj.76.896.369.
↑  Benson, J; Skull, S. . Australian family physician. 2007, 36 (5): 355–7. PMID 17492073.
↑  McGillivray, G.; Skull, S. A; Davie, G.; Kofoed, S. E; Frydenberg, A.; Rice, J.; Cooke, R.; Carapetis, J. R. . Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2007, 92 (12): 1088–93 / 1088. PMC 2066069 . PMID 17768148. doi:10.1136/adc.2006.112813.
↑  Feleke, Y; Abdulkadir, J; Mshana, R; Mekbib, TA; Brunvand, L; Berg, JP; Falch, JA. . European journal of endocrinology. 1999, 141 (4): 358–60. PMID 10526248. doi:10.1530/eje.0.1410358.
↑  Prentice, Ann; Schoenmakers, Inez; Jones, Kerry S.; Jarjou, Landing M. A.; Goldberg, Gail R. . Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism. 2009, 7: 94. doi:10.1007/s12018-009-9038-6.
↑  Snellman, G; Melhus, H; Gedeborg, R; Olofsson, S; Wolk, A; Pedersen, NL; Michaëlsson, K; Bochdanovits, Zoltán. Bochdanovits, Zoltán , 编. . PLoS ONE. 2009, 4 (11): e7747. PMC 2774516 . PMID 19915719. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007747.
↑  Lips, P. . The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2007, 103 (3–5): 620–5. PMID 17287117. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.076.
↑  Hagenau, T.; Vest, R.; Gissel, T. N.; Poulsen, C. S.; Erlandsen, M.; Mosekilde, L.; Vestergaard, P. . Osteoporosis International. 2008, 20 (1): 133–40. PMID 18458986. doi:10.1007/s00198-008-0626-y.
↑  Finkelstein, JS; Lee, ML; Sowers, M; Ettinger, B; Neer, RM; Kelsey, JL; Cauley, JA; Huang, MH; Greendale, GA. . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2002, 87 (7): 3057–67. PMID 12107201. doi:10.1210/jc.87.7.3057.
↑  Harris, SS. . The Journal of nutrition. 2006, 136 (4): 1126–9. PMID 16549493.
↑  Gadegbeku, C. A.; Chertow, G. M. . Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2009, 4 (2): 251–3. PMID 19201919. doi:10.2215/CJN.06361208.
↑  Aloia, JF. . The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2008, 88 (2): 545S–550S. PMC 2777641 . PMID 18689399.
↑  Grant, WB; Holick, MF. . Alternative medicine review. 2005, 10 (2): 94–111. PMID 15989379.
↑  Heaney RP, Recker RR, Grote J, Horst RL, Armas LA. . J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011, 96 (3): E447–52. PMID 21177785. doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2230.
↑  Holick MF, Biancuzzo RM, Chen TC, Klein EK, Young A, Bibuld D, Reitz R, Salameh W, Ameri A, Tannenbaum AD. . J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008, 93 (3): 677–81. PMC 2266966 . PMID 18089691. doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2308.
↑  Pittas, AG; Chung, M; Trikalinos, T; Mitri, J; Brendel, M; Patel, K; Lichtenstein, AH; Lau, J; Balk, EM. . Annals of Internal Medicine. March 2010, 152 (5): 307–14. PMC 3211092 . PMID 20194237. doi:10.1059/0003-4819-152-5-201003020-00009.
↑  Wang, L; Manson, JE; Song, Y; Sesso, HD. . Annals of Internal Medicine. March 2010, 152 (5): 315–23. PMID 20194238. doi:10.1059/0003-4819-152-5-201003020-00010.
↑  Lucas, Jenny A.; Bolland, Mark J.; Grey, Andrew B.; Ames, Ruth W.; Mason, Barbara H.; Horne, Anne M.; Gamble, Greg D.; Reid, Ian R. . Osteoporosis International. 2005, 16 (12): 1641–8. PMID 16027959. doi:10.1007/s00198-005-1888-2.
↑  Bolland, M. J.; Grey, A. B.; Ames, R. W.; Mason, B. H.; Horne, A. M.; Gamble, G. D.; Reid, I. R. . Osteoporosis International. 2006, 17 (12): 1742–8. PMID 16932872. doi:10.1007/s00198-006-0190-2.
↑  Field, A. E.; Coakley, EH; Must, A; Spadano, JL; Laird, N; Dietz, WH; Rimm, E; Colditz, GA. . Archives of Internal Medicine. 2001, 161 (13): 1581–6. PMID 11434789. doi:10.1001/archinte.161.13.1581.
↑  Wortsman, J; Matsuoka, LY; Chen, TC; Lu, Z; Holick, MF. . The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2000, 72 (3): 690–3. PMID 10966885.
↑  Alpert, P. T.; Shaikh, U. . Biological Research for Nursing. 2007, 9 (2): 11–129. PMID 17909164. doi:10.1177/1099800407308057.
↑  Binkley, N; Novotny, R; Krueger, D; Kawahara, T; Daida, YG; Lensmeyer, G; Hollis, BW; Drezner, MK. . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2007, 92 (6): 2130–5. PMID 17426097. doi:10.1210/jc.2006-2250.
↑  Hollis, B; Wagner, C; Drezner, M; Binkley, N. . The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2007, 103 (3–5): 631–4. PMC 1868557 . PMID 17218096. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.066.
↑  Signorello, LB; Williams, SM; Zheng, W; Smith, JR; Long, J; Cai, Q; Hargreaves, MK; Hollis, BW; Blot, WJ. . Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 2010, 19 (9): 2325–31. PMC 2938736 . PMID 20647395. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0482.
↑  Freedman, DM; Looker, AC; Chang, SC; Graubard, BI. . Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2007, 99 (21): 1594–602. PMID 17971526. doi:10.1093/jnci/djm204.
↑  Freedman, DM; Looker, AC; Chang, SC; Graubard, BI. . Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2007, 99 (21): 1594–602. PMID 17971526. doi:10.1093/jnci/djm204.
↑  Savage, L.; Widener, A. . Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2007, 99 (21): 1561. doi:10.1093/jnci/djm235.
1 2  Millen, AE; Wactawski-Wende, J; Pettinger, M; Melamed, ML; Tylavsky, FA; Liu, S; Robbins, J; Lacroix, AZ; Leboff, MS. . The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2010, 91 (5): 1324–35. PMC 2854906 . PMID 20219959. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28908.
↑  Ingraham, BA; Bragdon, B; Nohe, A. . Current medical research and opinion. 2008, 24 (1): 139–49. PMID 18034918. doi:10.1185/030079908X253519.
↑  Vitamin D （页面存档备份，存于） The Physicians Desk Reference. 2006 Thompson Healthcare.
1 2  Buyru, N; Tezol, A; Yosunkaya-Fenerci, E; Dalay, N. . Experimental & molecular medicine. 2003, 35 (6): 550–5. PMID 14749534.
↑  Chen WY, Bertone-Johnson ER, Hunter DJ, Willett WC, Hankinson SE. Associations Between Polymorphisms in the Vitamin D Receptor and Breast Cancer Risk. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, & Prevention. 2005; 14(10):2335-2339.
↑  Beer, TM; Myrthue, A. . Anticancer research. 2006, 26 (4A): 2647–51. PMID 16886675.
↑  . BBC News. 22 April 2005  [2006-03-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-11）.
↑  Hagenau, T; Vest, R; Gissel, TN; Poulsen, CS; Erlandsen, M; Mosekilde, L; Vestergaard, P. . Osteoporosis international. 2009, 20 (1): 133–40. PMID 18458986. doi:10.1007/s00198-008-0626-y.
↑  Engelman, CD; Fingerlin, TE; Langefeld, CD; Hicks, PJ; Rich, SS; Wagenknecht, LE; Bowden, DW; Norris, JM. . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2008, 93 (9): 3381–8. PMC 2567851 . PMID 18593774. doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2702.
↑  Borges, CR; Rehder, DS; Jarvis, JW; Schaab, MR; Oran, PE; Nelson, RW. . Clinical chemistry. 2010, 56 (2): 202–11. PMID 19926773. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2009.134858.
↑  Hildur Helgadottir, Emilia Andersson, Lisa Villabona, Lena Kanter, Henk van der Zanden, Geert W. Haasnoot, Barbara Seliger, Kjell Bergfeldt, Johan Hansson, Boel Ragnarsson-Olding, Rolf Kiessling, Giuseppe Valentino Masucci. . Cancer immunology, immunotherapy: CII. 2009-10, 58 (10): 1599–1608  [2019-02-12]. ISSN 1432-0851. PMID 19214504. doi:10.1007/s00262-009-0669-8. （原始内容存档于2016-06-04）.
↑  Luigi De Petris, Kjell Bergfeldt, Christina Hising, Andreas Lundqvist, Bengt Tholander, Pavel Pisa, Henk G. M. van der Zanden, Giuseppe Masucci. . Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England). 2004, 21 (1): 49–52  [2019-02-13]. ISSN 1357-0560. PMID 15034213. doi:10.1385/MO:21:1:49. （原始内容存档于2016-05-28）.
↑  Garland, CF; Garland, FC; Gorham, ED; Lipkin, M; Newmark, H; Mohr, SB; Holick, MF. . American journal of public health. 2006, 96 (2): 252–61. PMC 1470481 . PMID 16380576. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.045260.
↑  . BBC News. 28 December 2005  [2006-03-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-27）.
↑  Gorham, ED; Garland, CF; Garland, FC; Grant, WB; Mohr, SB; Lipkin, M; Newmark, HL; Giovannucci, E; Wei, M. . American journal of preventive medicine. 2007, 32 (3): 210–6. PMID 17296473. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.11.004.
↑  Garland, CF; Mohr, SB; Gorham, ED; Grant, WB; Garland, FC. . American journal of preventive medicine. 2006, 31 (6): 512–4. PMID 17169713. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.08.018.
↑  Skinner, HG; Michaud, DS; Giovannucci, E; Willett, WC; Colditz, GA; Fuchs, CS. . Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention. 2006, 15 (9): 1688–95. PMID 16985031. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0206.
↑  . BBC News. 2006-09-15  [2010-03-25]. （原始内容存档于2009-02-15）.
↑  Stolzenberg-Solomon, R. Z.; Vieth, R.; Azad, A.; Pietinen, P.; Taylor, P. R.; Virtamo, J.; Albanes, D. . Cancer Research. 2006, 66 (20): 10213–9. PMID 17047087. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-1876.
↑  Martin Mittelstaedt. . Global and Mail. 28 April 2007  [2007-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2007年4月30日）.
↑  Lappe, JM; Travers-Gustafson, D; Davies, KM; Recker, RR; Heaney, RP. . The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2007, 85 (6): 1586–91. PMID 17556697.
1 2  Ojha, RP; Felini, MJ; Fischbach, LA. . The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2007, 86 (6): 1804–5; author reply 1805–6. PMID 18065602.
↑  Maugh II, Thomas H. "Frank C. Garland dies at 60; epidemiologist helped show importance of vitamin D: Garland and his brother Cedric were the first to demonstrate that vitamin D deficiencies play a role in cancer and other diseases." （页面存档备份，存于）, Los Angeles Times, August 31, 2010. Accessed September 4, 2010.
血液中维生素D（骨化二醇）含量与骨病之间的关系
骨化二醇（1,25-双羟基维他命D）的活性形式，注意右上与右下方的羟基。