拓撲斯
參考資料 > 补充来源

John Baez: "Topos theory in a nutshell. （页面存档备份，存于）" A gentle introduction.
Steven Vickers: "Toposes pour les nuls （页面存档备份，存于）" and "Toposes pour les vraiment nuls. （页面存档备份，存于）" Elementary and even more elementary introductions to toposes as generalized spaces.
Illusie, Luc,  (PDF), Notices of the AMS,   [2011-02-05], （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-08-01）
以下是對範疇論和拓撲斯易學的介紹。 它們適合對數理邏輯和集合論瞭解較少的人，甚至是非數學家。
F. William Lawvere and Stephen H. Schanuel (1997) Conceptual Mathematics: A First Introduction to Categories. Cambridge University Press. An "introduction to categories for computer scientists, logicians, physicists, linguists, etc." (cited from cover text).
F. William Lawvere and Robert Rosebrugh (2003) Sets for Mathematics. Cambridge University Press. Introduces the foundations of mathematics from a categorical perspective.
格羅滕迪克對拓撲斯基礎性的工作：
Grothendieck and Verdier: Théorie des topos et cohomologie étale des schémas (known as SGA4)". New York/Berlin: Springer, ??. (Lecture notes in mathematics, 269–270)
以下專著包括對部分或全部拓撲斯理論的介紹，但並非主要為初學者而寫。 越靠後難度越高。
Colin McLarty (1992) Elementary Categories, Elementary Toposes. Oxford Univ. Press. A nice introduction to the basics of category theory, topos theory, and topos logic. Assumes very few prerequisites.
Robert Goldblatt (1984) Topoi, the Categorial Analysis of Logic (Studies in logic and the foundations of mathematics, 98). North-Holland. A good start. Reprinted 2006 by Dover Publications, and available online （页面存档备份，存于） at Robert Goldblatt's homepage. （页面存档备份，存于）
John Lane Bell (2005) The Development of Categorical Logic. Handbook of Philosophical Logic, Volume 12. Springer. Version available online （页面存档备份，存于） at John Bell's homepage. （页面存档备份，存于）
Saunders Mac Lane and Ieke Moerdijk (1992) Sheaves in Geometry and Logic: a First Introduction to Topos Theory. Springer Verlag. More complete, and more difficult to read.
Michael Barr and Charles Wells (1985) Toposes, Triples and Theories. Springer Verlag. Corrected online version at https://web.archive.org/web/20100821021308/http://www.cwru.edu/artsci/math/wells/pub/ttt.html. More concise than Sheaves in Geometry and Logic, but hard on beginners.
Francis Borceux (1994) Handbook of Categorical Algebra 3: Categories of Sheaves, Volume 52 of the Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications. Cambridge University Press. The third part of "Borceux' remarkable magnum opus", as Johnstone has labelled it. Still suitable as an introduction, though beginners may find it hard to recognize the most relevant results among the huge amount of material given.
Peter T. Johnstone (1977) Topos Theory, L. M. S. Monographs no. 10. Academic Press. ISBN 0123878500. For a long time the standard compendium on topos theory. However, even Johnstone describes this work as "far too hard to read, and not for the faint-hearted."
Peter T. Johnstone (2002) Sketches of an Elephant: A Topos Theory Compendium. Oxford Science Publications. As of early 2010, two of the scheduled three volumes of this overwhelming compendium were available.
Maria Cristina Pedicchio and Walter Tholen, eds. (2004) Categorical Foundations: Special Topics in Order, Topology, Algebra, and Sheaf Theory. Volume 97 of the Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications. Cambridge University Press. Includes many interesting special applications.