字 (计算机)
字长表

| 年份 | 计算机 架构 | 字长 | 整数 长度 | 浮点数 长度 | 指令长度 | 编址单位 | 字符 长度 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1941 | Zuse Z3 | 22 b | – | w | 8 b | w | – |
| 1942 | ABC | 50 b | w | – | – | – | – |
| 1944 | Harvard Mark I | 23 d | w | – | 24 b | – | – |
| 1946 （1948） {1953} | ENIAC （w/Panel #16） {w/} | 10 d | w, 2w （w） {w} | – | – （2d, 4d, 6d, 8d） | – – {w} | – |
| 1951 | UNIVAC I | 12 d | w | – | ½w | w | 1 d |
| 1952 | IAS machine | 40 b | w | – | ½w | w | 5 b |
| 1952 | IBM 701 | 36 b | ½w, w | – | ½w | ½w, w | 6 b |
| 1952 | UNIVAC 60 | n d | 1d, ... 10d | – | – | – | 2d, 3d |
| 1953 | IBM 702 | n d | 0d, ... 511d | – | 5d | d | 1 d |
| 1953 | UNIVAC 120 | n d | 1d, ... 10d | – | – | – | 2d, 3d |
| 1954 （1955） | IBM 650 （w/IBM 653） | 10 d | w | – （w） | w | w | 2 d |
| 1954 | IBM 704 | 36 b | w | w | w | w | 6 b |
| 1954 | IBM 705 | n d | 0d, ... 255d | – | 5d | d | 1 d |
| 1954 | IBM NORC | 16 d | w | w, 2w | w | w | – |
| 1956 | IBM 305 | n d | 1d, ... 100d | – | 10d | d | 1 d |
| 1958 | UNIVAC II | 12 d | w | – | ½w | w | 1 d |
| 1958 | SAGE | 32 b | ½w | – | w | w | 6 b |
| 1958 | Autonetics Recomp II | 40 b | w, 79 b, 8d, 15d | 2w | ½w | ½w, w | 5 b |
| 1959 | IBM 1401 | n d | 1d, ... | – | d, 2d, 4d, 5d, 7d, 8d | d | 1 d |
| 1959 （TBD） | IBM 1620 | n d | 2d, ... | – （4d, ... 102d） | 12d | d | 2 d |
| 1960 | LARC | 12 d | w, 2w | w, 2w | w | w | 2 d |
| 1960 | IBM 1410 | n d | 1d, ... | – | d, 2d, 6d, 7d, 11d, 12d | d | 1 d |
| 1960 | IBM 7070 | 10 d | w | w | w | w, d | 2 d |
| 1960 | PDP-1 | 18 b | w | – | w | w | 6 b |
| 1961 | IBM 7030 （Stretch） | 64 b | 1b, ... 64b, 1d, ... 16d | w | ½w, w | b, ½w, w | 1 b, ... 8 b |
| 1961 | IBM 7080 | n d | 0d, ... 255d | – | 5d | d | 1 d |
| 1962 | UNIVAC III | 25 b, 6 d | w, 2w, 3w, 4w | – | w | w | 6 b |
| 1962 | UNIVAC 1107 | 36 b | 1/6w, ⅓w, ½w, w | w | w | w | 6 b |
| 1962 | IBM 7010 | n d | 1d, ... | – | d, 2d, 6d, 7d, 11d, 12d | d | 1 d |
| 1962 | IBM 7094 | 36 b | w | w, 2w | w | w | 6 b |
| 1963 | Gemini Guidance Computer | 39 b | 26 b | – | 13 b | 13 b, 26 b | – |
| 1963 （1966） | Apollo Guidance Computer | 15 b | w | – | w, 2w | w | – |
| 1964 | CDC 6600 | 60 b | w | w | ¼w, ½w | w | 6 b |
| 1965 | IBM 360 | 32 b | ½w, w, 1d, ... 16d | w, 2w | ½w, w, 1½w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1965 | UNIVAC 1108 | 36 b | 1/6w, ¼w, ⅓w, ½w, w, 2w | w, 2w | w | w | 6 b, 9 b |
| 1965 | PDP-8 | 12 b | w | – | w | w | 8 b |
| 1970 | PDP-11 | 16 b | w | 2w, 4w | w, 2w, 3w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1971 | Intel 4004 | 4 b | w, d | – | 2w, 4w | w | – |
| 1972 | Intel 8008 | 8 b | w, 2d | – | w, 2w, 3w | w | 8 b |
| 1972 | Calcomp 900 | 9 b | w | – | w, 2w | w | 8 b |
| 1974 | Intel 8080 | 8 b | w, 2w, 2d | – | w, 2w, 3w | w | 8 b |
| 1975 | Cray-1 | 64 b | 24 b, w | w | ¼w, ½w | w | 8 b |
| 1975 | Motorola 6800 | 8 b | w, 2d | – | w, 2w, 3w | w | 8 b |
| 1975 | MOS Tech. 6501 MOS Tech. 6502 | 8 b | w, 2d | – | w, 2w, 3w | w | 8 b |
| 1976 | Zilog Z80 | 8 b | w, 2w, 2d | – | w, 2w, 3w, 4w, 5w | w | 8 b |
| 1978 （1980） | Intel 8086 （w/Intel 8087） | 16 b | ½w, w, 2d （w, 2w, 4w） | – （2w, 4w, 5w, 17d） | ½w, w, ... 7w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1978 | VAX-11/780 | 32 b | ¼w, ½w, w, 1d, ... 31d, 1b, ... 32b | w, 2w | ¼w, ... 14¼w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1979 | Motorola 68000 | 32 b | ¼w, ½w, w, 2d | – | ½w, w, ... 7½w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1982 （1983） | Motorola 68020 （w/Motorola 68881） | 32 b | ¼w, ½w, w, 2d | – （w, 2w, 2½w） | ½w, w, ... 7½w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1985 | ARM1 | 32 b | w | – | w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1985 | MIPS | 32 b | ¼w, ½w, w | w, 2w | w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1989 | Intel 80486 | 16 b | ½w, w, 2d w, 2w, 4w | 2w, 4w, 5w, 17d | ½w, w, ... 7w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1989 | Motorola 68040 | 32 b | ¼w, ½w, w, 2d | w, 2w, 2½w | ½w, w, ... 7½w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 1991 | PowerPC | 32 b | ¼w, ½w, w | w, 2w | w | 8 b | 8 b |
| 2000 | IA-64 | 64 b | 8 b, ¼w, ½w, w | ½w, w | 41 b | 8 b | 8 b |
| 2002 | XScale | 32 b | w | w, 2w | ½w, w | 8 b | 8 b |
说明： b:位, d: 10进制数, w:该构架的字长, n:变量长度（variable size）