处方缩写词列表

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处方缩写词列表是医学处方中常用的基于拉丁文术语的词头缩写。其中的大写、句点'.'的使用是可选的版式风格。
列表中不包含处方中常见的药品的缩写。
列表中红色条目是在美国不建议使用，褐色条目是其他组织不建议使用。
|  处方缩写词列表> 缩写 |  处方缩写词列表> 拉丁文 |  处方缩写词列表> 中文 |  处方缩写词列表> 英文 | 注释 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| aa | ana | 每，各 | of each |  |
| AAA |   | 用于治疗部位 | apply to affected area |  |
| a.c. | ante cibum | 饭前 | before meals |  |
| a.d. | auris dextra | 右耳 | right ear | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.d."，即右眼 |
| ad lib. | ad libitum | 随意，任意量 | use as much as one desires; freely |  |
| admov. | admove | 用于 | apply |  |
| agit | agita |  | stir/shake |  |
| alt. h. | alternis horis | 每隔1小时；每2小时 | every other hour | 也写作a.h. |
| a.m.m. | ad manu medicae |  | at doctors hand |  |
| a.m. | ante meridiem | 上午 | morning, before noon |  |
| amp |   | 安瓿 | ampule |  |
| amt |   | 数量 | amount |  |
| aq | aqua | 水 | water |  |
| a.l., a.s. | auris laeva, auris sinistra | 左耳 | left ear | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.s."或"o.l."，即左眼 |
| A.T.C. |   | 昼夜不停，24小时连续 | around the clock |  |
| a.u. | auris utraque | 双耳 | both ears | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.u."，即双眼 |
| bis | bis | 两次 | twice |  |
| b.d./b.i.d. | bis in die | 每天两次 | twice daily |  |
| B.M. |   | 排便 | bowel movement |  |
| BNF |   | 英国国家药典 | British National Formulary （页面存档备份，存于） |  |
| bol. | bolus | 大剂量给药（通常是静脉注射） | as a large single dose (usually intravenously) |  |
| B.S. |   | 血糖 | blood sugar |  |
| B.S.A |   | 体表面积 | body surface areas |  |
| b.t. |  | 就寝时间，临睡前 | bedtime | 可能与 "b.i.d"（一日两次）混淆 |
| BUCC | bucca | 颊内 | inside cheek |  |
| cap., caps. | capsula | 胶囊 | capsule |  |
| c, c. | cum | 与...（常写作c̄） | with (usually written with a bar on top of the "c") |  |
| cib. | cibus | 食物 | food |  |
| cc | cum cibo | 与食物（也用作表示毫升） | with food, (but also cubic centimetre) | 手写体形似"U"（小写），即单位。cc亦有立方厘米/毫升的意思；在这种情况下应使用"mL"或"milliliters" |
| cf |   | 与食物 | with food |  |
| comp. |   | 复方 | compound |  |
| cr., crm |   | 乳膏；霜剂 | cream |  |
| CST |   | 继续同样治疗 | Continue same treatment |  |
| D 或 d |   | 天，或者 剂 | days or doses | 存在歧义。 建议处方中写明"days"（天） 或者 "doses"（剂） |
| D5W |   | 5%葡萄糖溶液 | dextrose 5% solution (sometimes written as D5W) |  |
| D5NS |   | 含5%葡萄糖的生理盐水 | dextrose 5% in normal saline (0.9%) |  |
| D.A.W. |   | 按所写（医嘱）配药 | dispense as written (i.e., no generic substitution) |  |
| dc, D/C, disc |   | 中断 或 排出 | discontinue or discharge | 有歧义 |
| dieb. alt. | diebus alternis | 每隔一天；每2天 | every other day |  |
| dil. |   | 稀释的 | dilute |  |
| disp. |   | 配药 | dispersible or dispense |  |
| div. |   | 分次...（服用） | divide |  |
| dL |  | 分升 | deciliter |  |
| d.t.d. | dentur tales doses | 给予同剂量 | give of such doses |  |
| DTO |   | 去味鴉片酊劑 | deodorized tincture of opium | 很容易与“稀释的鸦片酊剂”混淆，后者的强度是去味鸦片酊剂的1/25；可能导致药物过量 |
| D.W. |   | 蒸馏水 | distilled water |  |
| elix. |   | 酏剂 | elixir |  |
| e.m.p. | ex modo prescripto | 按照指示，按处方处理 | as directed |  |
| emuls. | emulsum | 乳剂 | emulsion |  |
| et | et | 并且 | and |  |
| eod |   | 每隔一天 | every other day |  |
| ex aq | ex aqua | 水中 | in water |  |
| fl., fld. |   | 液 | fluid |  |
| ft. | fiat | 任其发生，顺其自然 | make; let it be made |  |
| g |   | 克 | gram |  |
| gr |   | 格令 | grain |  |
| gtt(s) | gutta(e) | 滴 | drop(s) |  |
| H |   | 皮，皮下注射 | hypodermic |  |
| h, hr | hora | 小时 | hour |  |
| h.s. | hora somni | 就寝时 | at bedtime |  |
| h.s |  | 睡眠时 或 半强度 | hour sleep or half-strength | 存在歧义 |
| ID |   | 皮肤的 | intradermal |  |
| IJ, inj | injectio | 注射 | injection | 易讹作"IV"（静脉注射） |
| IM |   | 肌肉注射 | intramuscular (with respect to injections) |  |
| IN |  | 鼻内 | intranasal | 易讹作"IM"（肌肉注射）或"IV"（静脉注射） |
| IP |   | 腹膜内的 | intraperitoneal |  |
| IU |  | 国际单位制 | en:international unit | 易讹作"IV"（静脉注射），建议拼写出"international unit" |
| IV |   | 静脉治疗 | intravenous |  |
| IVP |   | 静脉推注 | intravenous push |  |
| IVPB |   |  | intravenous piggyback |  |
| kg |   | 千克 | kilogram |  |
| L.A.S. |   |  | label as such |  |
| LCD |   | 煤焦油 | coal tar solution |  |
| lin | linimentum | 搽剂 | liniment |  |
| liq | liquor | 溶液，液体 | solution |  |
| lot. |   | 洗剂 | lotion |  |
| MAE |  | 活动四肢 | Moves All Extremities |  |
| mane | mane | 晨时 | in the morning |  |
| M. | misce | 混合 | mix |  |
| m, min | minimum | 最小值 | a minimum |  |

| mcg |  | 微克 | en:microgram | 建议替换为"μg"，因为该缩写可能与“mg”（毫克）混淆 |
| m.d.u. | more dicto utendus | 按照指示使用 | to be used as directed |  |
| mEq |   | 毫当量 | milliequivalent |  |
| mg |   | 毫克 | milligram |  |
| mg/dL |  | 毫克/分升 | milligrams per deciliter |  |
| MgSO4 | 硫酸镁 | en:magnesium sulfate | may be confused with "MSO4", spell out "magnesium sulfate" |  |
| mist. | mistura | 混合 | mix |  |
| mitte | mitte | 发送 | send |  |
| mL |   | 毫升 | millilitre |  |
| MS |  | 硫酸吗啡 或 硫酸镁 | en:morphine sulfate or en:magnesium sulfate | can mean either morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate, spell out either |
| MSO4 |  | 硫酸吗啡 | en:morphine sulfate | may be confused with "硫酸镁", spell out "morphine sulfate" |
| nebul | nebula | 喷雾 | a spray |  |
| N.M.T. |   | 不超过 | not more than |  |
| noct. | nocte | 夜里 | at night |  |
| non rep. | non repetatur | 不重复 | no repeats |  |
| NPO | nil per os | 禁食（英语：），禁饮水 | nothing by mouth |  |
| NS |   | 生理盐水 | normal saline (0.9%) |  |
| 1/2NS |   | 半浓度生理盐水 | half normal saline (0.45%) |  |
| N.T.E. |   | 不超过 | not to exceed |  |
| o_2 |   | 双眼 | both eyes, sometimes written as o2 |  |
| od | omne in die | 每天 | every day/once daily (preferred to qd in the UK) |  |
| od | oculus dexter | 右眼 | right eye | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.d."，即右耳，confusion with omne in die |
| om | omne mane | 每天上午（晨时） | every morning |  |
| on | omne nocte | 每夜 | every night |  |
| o.p.d. |   | 每天一次 | once per day |  |
| o.s. | oculus sinister | 左眼 | left eye | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.s."，即左耳 |
| o.u. | oculus uterque | 雙眼 | both eyes | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.u."，即雙耳 |
| oz |   | 盎司 | en:ounce |  |
| per | per | 经；通过 | by or through |  |
| p.c. | post cibum | 饭后 | after meals |  |
| pig./pigm. | pigmentum | 涂剂 | paint |  |
| p.m. | post meridiem | 下午与晚上 | evening or afternoon |  |
| p.o. | per os | 经口，口服 | by mouth or orally |  |
| p.r. | per rectum | 经直肠 | by rectum |  |
| PRN, prn | pro re nata | 按需 | as needed |  |
| pulv. | pulvis | 散剂 | powder |  |
| PV | per vaginam | 经阴道 | via the vagina |  |
| q | quaque | 每，各 | every, per |  |
| q.a.d. | quaque alternis die | 每隔一天 | every other day |  |
| q.a.m. | quaque die ante meridiem | 每天午前 | every day before noon |  |
| q.d.s. | quater die sumendus | 每天四次 | four times a day | can be mistaken for "qd" (every day) |
| q.p.m. | quaque die post meridiem | 每天下午或每晚 | every day after noon or every evening |  |
| q.h. | quaque hora | 每小时 | every hour |  |
| q.h.s. | quaque hora somni | 每夜就寝时 | every night at bedtime |  |
| q.1 h, q.1° | quaque 1 hora | 每小时（可用其它数字替换"1"） | every 1 hour; (can replace "1" with other numbers) |  |
| q.d., q1d | quaque die | 每天 | every day | mistaken for "QOD" or "qds," spell out "every day" or "daily" |
| q.i.d. | quater in die | 每天四次 | four times a day | can be mistaken for "qd" or "qod," write out "four times a day" |
| q4PM |  | 下午4时 | at 4pm | mistaken to mean every four hours |
| q.o.d. | quaque ommi die | 每隔一天；每两天 | every other day | mistaken for "QD," spell out "every other day" |
| qqh | quater quaque hora | 每四小时 | every four hours |  |
| q.s. | quantum sufficiat | 足够量 | a sufficient quantity |  |
| QWK |  | 每周 | every week |  |
| R |   | 直肠 | rectal |  |
| rep., rept. | repetatur | 重复 | repeats |  |
| RL, R/L |   | 乳酸林格氏液 | en:Ringer's lactate |  |
| s | sine | 没有... | without (usually written with a bar on top of the "s") |  |
| s.a. | secundum artem | 按常规 | according to the art (accepted practice); use your judgement |  |
| SC, subc, subcut, subq, SQ |   | 皮下 | subcutaneous | "SC" can be mistaken for "SL," meaning sublingual; "SQ" can be mistaken for "5Q" meaning five every dose |
| s.i.d/SID | semel in die | 每天一次 | once a day | used exclusively in veterinary medicine |
| sig | signa |  | write on label |  |
| SL |   | 舌下 | sublingually, under the tongue |  |
| sol | solutio | 溶液 | solution |  |
| s.o.s., si op. sit | si opus sit | 需要时 | if there is a need |  |
| ss | semis |  | one half or sliding scale | mistaken for "55" or "1/2" |
| SSI, SSRI |  |  | sliding scale insulin or sliding scale regular en:insulin | mistaken to mean "strong en:solution of en:iodine" or "en:selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor" |
| SNRI (antidepressant) |  | 5-羟色胺/去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（抗抑郁） | Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor |  |
| SSRI (antidepressant) |  | 抗抑郁的选择性5-羟色胺再吸收抑制剂 | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (a specific class of antidepressant) |  |
| stat | statim | 立即 | immediately |  |
| SubQ |  | 皮下 | subcutaneously |  |
| supp | suppositorium | 栓剂 | en:suppository |  |
| susp |   | 混悬剂 | suspension |  |
| syr | syrupus | 糖浆剂 | syrup |  |
| tab | tabella | 片剂 | tablet |  |
| tal., t | talus |  | such |  |
| tbsp |   | 汤匙 | en:tablespoon |  |
| troche | trochiscus | 锭剂 | lozenge |  |
| t.d.s. | ter die sumendum | 每天三次 | three times a day |  |
|  t.i.d. | ter in die | 每天三次 | three times a day |  |
| t.i.w. |   | 每周三次 | three times a week | mistaken for twice a week |
| top. |   | 局部的 | topical |  |
| T.P.N. |   | 全肠外营养 | en:total parenteral nutrition |  |
| tr, tinc., tinct. |   | 酊剂 | tincture |  |
| tsp |   | 1茶匙（约5毫升） | en:teaspoon |  |
| U |  | 度量单位 | unit | mistaken for a "4", "0" or "cc", spell out "unit" |
| u.d., ut. dict. | ut dictum | 作为指示 | as directed |  |
| ung. | unguentum | 软膏 | ointment |  |
| U.S.P. |   | 美国药典 | en:United States Pharmacopoeia |  |
| vag |   | 阴道的 | vaginally |  |
| w |   | 与 | with |  |
| w/a |   | 醒时 | while awake |  |
| wf |   | 与食物 | with food (with meals) |  |
| w/o |   | 没有... | without |  |
| X |   | 次数 | times |  |
| Y.O. |   | 年龄 | years old |  |
| μg |  | 微克 | en:microgram | mistaken for "mg", meaning en:milligram |
|  处方中使用的符号列表 |  处方中使用的符号列表 |  处方中使用的符号列表 |  处方中使用的符号列表 |  |
| 符号 | 拉丁文 | 中文 | 英文 | 注释 |
| @ |  | 在 | at | mistaken for "2"; spell out "at" |
| > |  | 大于 | greater than | mistaken for a "7" |
| < |  | 小于 | less than | mistaken for an "L" |
| ℞ | recipe | 处方 | take, take this, or take thus |  |