诺亚纪
参引资料

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↑  Carr, 2006, p. 23.
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Carr, Michael, H. (2006). The Surface of Mars; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, ISBN 978-0-521-87201-0.
显示了叠加关系的高分辨率成像科学设备图像，让地质学家得以确定地表单元的相对年龄的。深色的熔岩流（更年轻）叠压在右侧浅色、更坑洼的地形（更古老的熔岩流？）之上，中间陨石坑的喷出物覆盖了两侧单元，表明陨石坑是该图像中最年轻的特征（请参见右侧的横截面示意图）。
诺亚系和赫斯佩里亚系的地质接触。赫斯珀里亚脊状平原(Hr)围绕并叠压在更古老的诺亚陨坑平原(Npl)上。请注意，脊状平原部分掩埋了许多古老的诺亚时代陨石坑。该图像为热辐射成像系统红外拼接图，类似海盗号拍摄的照片。
艺术家对早期湿润火星的印象图，显示了晚赫斯珀里亚世的特征（溢出河道），因此，这并不能提供一幅准确的诺亚时代火星图片，但从太空看，火星的整体外观可能相似，特别值得一提的是，北半球有一大片浩瀚的海洋（左上角）和一座覆盖了希腊平原的海（右下角）。
海盗号轨道飞行器所看到的瓦伊哥谷分支河谷网道（陶玛西亚区）。像这样的河谷网道提供了一些最有力的证据，证明火星早期曾发生地表径流。
火星全球探勘者号拍摄的埃伯斯瓦尔德撞击坑中的三角洲照片。
高分辨率成像科学设备观察到的盖尔撞击坑中裸露的硫酸盐和页硅酸盐层。
四块下诺亚统岩石露头显示了水蚀变矿物的光谱特征（来自火星勘测轨道飞行器火星专用小型侦察影像频谱仪和高分辨率成像科学设备的图像）。