純孕激素避孕藥
参考文獻

↑  Annetine Gelijns. . National Academies. 1991: 172–. NAP:13513. Development of the minipill, which contains only a progestin, was another result of concerns over the thromboembolic side effects of combination oral contraceptives.36 This development was also driven by the expectation that lower steroid doses would diminish effects on the metabolic and reproductive systems, lessen complaints about nausea and headache, and improve compliance (because it offered a regimen of continuous pill taking rather than the cyclic regimen of earlier pill formulations).37 Syntex was the first to introduce a 0.5 milligram chlor- madinone acetate minipill in 1968 in France, although this pill was withdrawn from the market in 1970 when long-term animal toxicity tests for the FDA revealed the occurrence of breast nodules in beagles.38 Nevertheless, other manufacturers began to pursue minipill development using their own progestogens, and since 1970 a variety of compounds have been introduced.
↑  Bennett, John P. . . 1974: 39–62. ISBN 978-1-349-02289-2. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-02287-8_4. Chlormadinone acetate was the first minipill contraceptive to be marketed, in Mexico during July 1968. This compound was removed from clinical use in February 1970 because it produced nodules in the breast tissues of beagle dogs [...]
↑  M.R. Henzl. . S.S.C. Yen; R.B. Jaffe  (编). . W.B. Saunders Co. 1978: 421–468. ISBN 978-0-7216-9625-6.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  Cason, Patty; Cwiak, Carrie; Kowal, Deborah; Edelman, Alison.  22. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 26 September 2023: 419–428  [9 April 2024]. ISBN 978-1-284-25503-4. （原始内容存档于10 April 2024） （英语）.  的存檔，存档日期10 April 2024.
1 2  . www.cdc.gov. 28 March 2023  [9 April 2024]. （原始内容存档于9 April 2024） （美国英语）.  的存檔，存档日期9 April 2024.
1 2 3  . nhs.uk. 29 February 2024  [9 April 2024]. （原始内容存档于10 April 2024） （英语）.  的存檔，存档日期10 April 2024.
↑  Annetine Gelijns. . National Academies. 1991: 172–  [2023-07-11]. NAP:13513. （原始内容存档于2023-07-15）. Syntex was the first to introduce a 0.5 milligram chlormadinone acetate minipill in 1968 in France, although this pill was withdrawn from the market in 1970 when long-term animal toxicity tests for the FDA revealed the occurrence of breast nodules in beagles. Nevertheless, other manufacturers began to pursue minipill development using their own progestogens, and since 1970 a variety of compounds have been introduced.
↑  Perrone, Matthew. . CBC. 13 July 2023  [13 July 2023]. （原始内容存档于15 July 2023）.  的存檔，存档日期15 July 2023.
|  论 编激素避孕（英语：）（G02B, G03A） |
| --- | --- |
雄激素:  仅男性： Testosterone undecanoate  Trestolone 
雌激素:  己烯雌酚  雌二醇  Estradiol benzoate  Estradiol cypionate  Estradiol enanthate  戊酸雌二醇  炔雌醇  美雌醇  Ormeloxifene 
孕激素:  第一代： Estranes: 炔孕酮  Etynodiol diacetate  Lynestrenol  炔诺酮  醋酸炔诺酮  Norethisterone enanthate  异炔诺酮  Quingestanol 第二代： Estranes: Norethisterone enanthate  诺孕烯酮; Gonanes: 左炔诺孕酮  Norelgestromin  Norgestrel 第三代： Gonanes: 去氧孕烯  依托孕烯  Gestodene  Norgestimate 第四代： Estranes: Dienogest; Norpregnanes: Demegestone  Nomegestrol acetate  Promegestone  Trimegestone; Spironolactone derivatives: Drospirenone 其他： Pregnanes: Chlormadinone acetate  醋酸环丙孕酮  Medrogestone  醋酸甲羥孕酮  Megestrol acetate; Miscellaneous: 美服培酮  Ulipristal acetate; Ungrouped: Algestone acetophenide  地屈孕酮  孕三烯酮  孕酮  Proligestone