抗生素滥用
参考资料

↑  Harrison JW, Svec TA. . Quintessence International. 1998年4月, 29 (4): 223–9. PMID 9643260.
↑  Lautenbach E, Larosa LA, Kasbekar N, Peng HP, Maniglia RJ, Fishman NO. . Archives of Internal Medicine. March 2003, 163 (5): 601–5. PMID 12622607. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.5.601. [永久]
↑  Pickering TD, Gurwitz JH, Zaleznik D, Noonan JP, Avorn J. . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 1994年1月, 42 (1): 28–32. PMID 8277111.
↑  Beringer PM, Wong-Beringer A, Rho JP. . PharmacoEconomics. 1998年1月, 13 (1 Pt 1): 35–49. PMID 10175984. doi:10.2165/00019053-199813010-00004.
↑  James R. Roberts. . Emergency Medicine News (Emergency Medicine News). October 2008, 30 (10): 16–18  [2010-07-06]. doi:10.1097/01.EEM.0000338244.41795.9c (不活跃 2010-03-01). （原始内容存档于2020-06-14）.
↑  Galatti L, Giustini SE, Sessa A;  et al. . Pharmacological Research. March 2005, 51 (3): 211–6. PMID 15661570. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2004.08.003.  引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
1 2  Froom J, Culpepper L, Jacobs M;  et al. . BMJ. 1997年7月, 315 (7100): 98–102  [2010-07-06]. PMC 2127061 . PMID 9240050. （原始内容存档于2020-06-14）.  引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)
↑  Neuhauser MM, Weinstein RA, Rydman R, Danziger LH, Karam G, Quinn JP. . JAMA. 2003年2月, 289 (7): 885–8  [2010-07-06]. PMID 12588273. doi:10.1001/jama.289.7.885. （原始内容存档于2020-05-26）.
↑  . USA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. （原始内容存档于2009-05-07）. From 1995 to 2002, inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections, which are usually caused by viruses and thus are not responsive to antibiotics, declined from 61 to 49 percent. However, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics such as the fluoroquinolones, jumped from 41 to 77 percent from 1995 to 2001. Overuse of these antibiotics will eventually render them useless for treating antibiotic-resistant infections, for which broad-spectrum antibiotics are supposed to be reserved.
↑  . USA: University Of California. 1 October 2002  [13 August 2009]. （原始内容存档于2014-01-30）.
↑  K. Bassett; B. Mintzes V. Musini T.L. Perry Jr M. Wong J.M. Wright.  (PDF). Canadian Family Physician. 2002年11月, 48  [2010-07-06]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2020-04-14）. Gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin have no proven clinical advantages over other fluoroquinolones, macrolides, or amoxicillin. Based on cost, they are not first-choice drugs for their approved indications.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
↑  Ziganshina LE, Squire SB. . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2008, (1): CD004795. PMID 18254061. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004795.pub3.
↑  Hueston WJ. . The Journal of Family Practice. 1997年3月, 44 (3): 261–5. PMID 9071245.
↑  Majeed A, Harris T. . BMJ. August 1997, 315 (7104): 321–2. PMC 2127258 . PMID 9270442.
↑  Vardakas KZ, Siempos II, Grammatikos A, Athanassa Z, Korbila IP, Falagas ME. . CMAJ. December 2008, 179 (12): 1269–77. PMC 2585120 . PMID 19047608. doi:10.1503/cmaj.080358.
1 2  MacDougall C, Guglielmo BJ, Maselli J, Gonzales R. . Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2005年3月, 11 (3): 380–4  [2010-07-06]. PMID 15757551. （原始内容存档于2010-06-28）.
↑  Terry K. Babb, Michael Boothe, Heidi Brainerd,Richard E. Brodsky, Kelly C. Conright, Traci Gale, Arthur S. Hansen, R. Duane Hopson, Thomas C. Hunt, Diane Liljegren, Ronald J. Miller, Gregory R. Polston, Richard C. Reem, Janice L. Stables, Alexander H. vonHafften, Trish D. White,Dave Campana, Sandy Kapur, Dr. Jeffrey Demain.  (PDF). Alaska, USA. 2004-03-19  [12 August 2009]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009年8月21日）.
↑  . USA: The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.   [2010-07-06]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-07）.
↑  LaTiffany C. Epps; Paul D. Walker. . USA. 20 October 2006  [2020-01-02]. （原始内容存档于2012-02-17）.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
↑  Linder JA, Huang ES, Steinman MA, Gonzales R, Stafford RS. . The American Journal of Medicine. 2005年3月, 118 (3): 259–68. PMID 15745724. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.09.015.
↑  J. Dimitrakov; J. Tchitalov, T. Zlatanov, D. Dikov. . Third International Chronic Prostatitis Network.   [4 September 2009]. （原始内容存档于2010-06-19）.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
↑  Nicolle LE, Bentley DW, Garibaldi R, Neuhaus EG, Smith PW. . Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. August 2000, 21 (8): 537–45. PMID 10968724. doi:10.1086/501798.
↑  Pickering TD, Gurwitz JH, Zaleznik D, Noonan JP, Avorn J. . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 1994年1月, 42 (1): 28–32. PMID 8277111.
|  论 编抗细菌药及相關延伸議題 |
| --- | --- |
核心藥物:  抗生素  杀真菌剂  抗病毒药物  抗寄生虫药物 
社會議題:  抗菌藥之時間表  抗生素抗藥性  抗生素滥用  家畜使用抗生素 
藥理學:  抗菌药效学  抗生素名单  抗生素生产