John Crawfurd
Chú thích

1 2 3  Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6651. |title= trống hay bị thiếu (trợ giúp) (yêu cầu Đăng ký hoặc có quyền thành viên của thư viện công cộng Anh.)
1 2 3  “Obituary”. Illustrated Times. British Newspaper Archive. ngày 16 tháng 5 năm 1868. Truy cập ngày 24 tháng 7 năm 2014.
↑  Markham, Clements Robert (1881) The Fifty Years' Work of the Royal Geographical Society, p. 53.
↑  Ricklefs, Merle Calvin (2001). A History of Modern Indonesia Since C. 1200. Stanford University Press. tr. 148–9. ISBN 978-0-8047-4480-5.
↑  Day, Tony (2002). Fluid Iron: State Formation in Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press. tr. 118–. ISBN 978-0-8248-2617-8.
↑  Eliot, Joshua; Capaldi, Liz; Bickersteth, Jane (2001). Indonesia. Footprint Handbooks. tr. 167–. ISBN 978-1-900949-51-4.
↑  Zon, Bennett (2007). Representing Non-Western Music in Nineteenth-century Britain. University Rochester Press. tr. 31–. ISBN 978-1-58046-259-4.
↑  Bastin, John. "Malayan Portraits: John Crawfurd", in Malaya, vol.3 (December 1954), pp.697–698.
↑  Almond, Philip C. (1988). The British Discovery of Buddhism. Cambridge University Press. tr. 11–. ISBN 978-0-521-35503-2.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Chapter 6.
1 2  Đại Nam thực lục. Bản dịch của Trung tâm khoa học xã hội và nhân văn quốc gia, Viện sử học Quốc sử quán triều Nguyễn, Tổ Phiên dịch Viện Sử học phiên dịch. Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục xuất bản năm 2007. Tập 02.
1 2 3  Ngaosīvat, Mayurī; Ngaosyvathn, Pheuiphanh (1998). Paths to Conflagration: Fifty Years of Diplomacy and Warfare in Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam, 1778–1828. SEAP Publications. tr. 110–2. ISBN 978-0-87727-723-1.
↑  Crawfurd, John (2006) [1830]. “VI. — Visit from a Chief of Lao.”. Journal of an embassy from the governor-general of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin China. 1 . London: H. Colburn and R. Bentley. tr. 207–209. OCLC 03452414. Truy cập ngày 13 tháng 2 năm 2012. May 19..... In the afternoon I had a visit from a native chief; a circumstance which did not often take place, for our vicinity to the Prah-klang's house, and the fear of exciting the jealousy of the Government, prevented many persons from calling upon us, who were otherwise well disposed to do so. The manners of this individual, who was a native of Lao, were singular. When he entered the room, I begged him to be seated; but before complying, he made three obeisances to- wards the palace, then three towards the residence of the Prah-klang, and three more to the company before him. His conversation was frank and intelligent, and he appeared well-informed respecting his own country, which forms so interesting and considerable, but to Europeans so little known, a portion of the present Siamese Empire.
↑  Tarling, Nicholas biên tập (1992). The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: The nineteenth and twentieth centuries. 2. Cambridge University Press. tr. 42–. ISBN 978-0-521-35506-3.
↑  Finlayson, George; Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford, F.R.S. (ngày 27 tháng 4 năm 2014) [1826]. “Chapter IX.—The Presents from the Governor General and an Audience refused”. The Mission to Siam, and Hué the Capital of Cochin China, in the Years 1821-2. Fairbanks: Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. EBook #45505. Truy cập ngày 10 tháng 6 năm 2015. ....[H]ad Mr. Crawfurd come from the king of England, he would have been presented, but that in the present case it was as if the governor of Saigon sent an envoy to a monarch.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 1. Chapter 1. Page 23-30.
↑  Theo Crawfurd: junk là từ mà người châu Âu mượn từ chữ jung của tiếng Mã Lai, vốn để chỉ các thuyền buôn lớn.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Chapter 2. Page 68-80
1 2  Nguyên văn: đảo Pulo Ubi thật.
↑  ដំបង [dɑmbɑɑŋ]: cây dùi cui, cây gậy (vũ khí); to lớn, rộng; cây xương rồng Nopal (barbary fig, Opuntia ficus-indica)
1 2 3  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Chapter 3.
1 2  Nguyên văn là: đảo Pulo Ubi giả.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Chapter 8.
↑  Xem Lịch sử Côn Đảo.
↑  Trầm Văn Lượng hoặc Lương Văn Chăm?
↑  Có lẽ Crawfurd nhớ lẫn lộn danh hiệu Chao, chỉ các quan ở Xiêm, nên ghi Ta-Kun thành Chao-Kun?
↑  Đại Nam liệt truyện (tập 02, nxb Thuận Hóa), trang 312 ghi: "Năm [Minh Mạng] thứ 2 (1822), [Trương Tấn Bửu] lại làm Phó tổng trấn ở Gia Định, Bửu vào bệ kiến từ biệt vua..."
1 2  Có lẽ là Phiên An (Ping Eh), không phải Bến Nghé (Pin Geh). Trang 440 Vol 2 của "Journal of an embassy..." có ghi Bawghue, có  thể là Bến Nghé.
↑  HỒ SONG QUỲNH (St), Hắc Lăng – Làng nghề dệt lụa nổi tiếng nhất nước vào thế kỷ 19 Lưu trữ 2019-12-05 tại Wayback Machine. Văn nghệ BRVT số 143
↑  Tháng 6 năm 1792, Nguyễn Ánh dò biết Nguyễn Nhạc tập trung nhiều chiến thuyền ở của biển Thị Nại mà ít phòng bị, liền lợi dụng mùa gió Nam, ông cho hai tướng Nguyễn Văn Trương, Nguyễn Văn Thành và hai sĩ quan đánh thuê người Pháp là Dayot và Vannier đi trước, tiến quân đánh và đốt phá thủy trại Tây Sơn tại Thị Nại rồi rút về. Theo Trần Trọng Kim 1971, tr. 153.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Chapter 9.
1 2 3  Crawfurd, John, 1783-1868, Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin China, exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. H. Colburn and R. Bentley, 1830. National Library Board Singapore 2007. Chapter 9.
1 2 3  Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-general of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China: Exhibiting a View of the Actual State of Those Kingdoms, Tập 1. H. Colburn and R. Bentley, 1830. Chapter 9.
1 2  Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-general of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China: Exhibiting a View of the Actual State of Those Kingdoms, Tập 2. H. Colburn and R. Bentley, 1830. Chaper 4.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-general of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China: Exhibiting a View of the Actual State of Those Kingdoms, Tập 1. H. Colburn and R. Bentley, 1830. Chapter 10.
↑  Đại Nam thực lục (tập 02, nxb Giáo dục 2007): Nhâm ngọ, năm Minh Mệnh thứ 3 [1822], mùa hạ, tháng 6,... Đổi chức cai Tàu vụ làm quản lý Thương bạc sự vụ, chức cai Trường đà sự làm Tào chính. Sai Chưởng Tượng quân Nguyễn Đức Xuyên vẫn quản lý Thương bạc sự vụ, Thượng thư Hình bộ Lê Bá Phẩm và Phó đô thống chế Thủy quân Phạm Văn Tường vẫn quản Tào chính.
1 2  “Lý lịch sự vụ của Nguyễn Đức Xuyên- tập hồi kí giai đoạn chiến tranh với Tây Sơn của chúa Nguyễn (bài 1)”.
↑  “Tọa đàm ra mắt sách "Lý lịch sự vụ" của Nguyễn Đức Xuyên”. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 27 tháng 9 năm 2019.
1 2  “Hồi ký biên niên "Lý lịch sự vụ" của Nguyễn Đức Xuyên”.
↑  TẠP CHÍ SÔNG HƯƠNG - SỐ 4 (T.12-1983), Mấy trang nhật ký của John Crawfurd về kinh thành Huế.
↑  Nguyên văn ghi Nuk-mang và An Nam Đại Quốc Họa Đồ cũng ghi Cung Nước Mặn. Nhưng tên hiện tại và chú thích của Crawfurd khi ấy lại là Nước Ngọt.
↑  “Huế - ĐỊA HÌNH KHU VỰC ĐẦM PHÁ VÀ BIỂN VEN BỜ”.
1 2 3  Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-general of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China: Exhibiting a View of the Actual State of Those Kingdoms, Tập 1. H. Colburn and R. Bentley, 1830. Chapter 11.
↑  Cụm 3 đảo nhỏ thuộc quần đảo Phú Quý.
↑  “Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms”. 1828.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 1.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2.
1 2 3  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter V.
↑  “Từ cổ, từ lịch sử, từ địa phương trong địa danh Nam Bộ”.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter V. Page 244.
↑  Đại Nam thực lục. Bản dịch của Trung tâm khoa học xã hội và nhân văn quốc gia, Viện sử học Quốc sử quán triều Nguyễn, Tổ Phiên dịch Viện Sử học phiên dịch. Nhà xuất bản Giáo Dục xuất bản năm 2007. Tập 01.
↑  The Project Gutenberg EBook of Embassy to the Eastern Courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat, by Edmund Roberts. Chapter XIII, page 182.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Appendix D. Page 456.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter V. Page 244-254.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter V. Page 259.
1 2  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter VI. Page 271.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter VI. Page 280.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter VI. Page 281.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter VI. Page 298.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter VI. Page 280-294.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter VII. From page 302-315.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter VII. From page 316-331.
↑  John Crawfurd (1828): Journal of an embassy from the Governor-General of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin-China: exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms. SOUTHEAST ASIA VISIONS, Cornell University Library’s John M. Echols Collection. Volume 2. Chapter VII. From page 331-344.
↑  Dobbs, Stephen (2003). The Singapore River: A Social History, 1819–2002. NUS Press. tr. 25–6. ISBN 978-9971-69-277-3.
↑  Trocki, Carl A. (2007). Prince of Pirates: The Temenggongs and the Development of Johor and Singapore, 1784–1885. NUS Press. tr. 72 note 15. ISBN 978-9971-69-376-3.
↑  Haller-Trost, R. (1993). Historical Legal Claims: A Study of Disputed Sovereignty Over Pulau Batu Puteh (Pedra Branca). IBRU. tr. 18–. ISBN 978-1-897643-04-4.
1 2  Corfield, Justin (2010). Historical Dictionary of Singapore. Scarecrow Press. tr. 73–. ISBN 978-0-8108-7387-2.
↑  Gladney, Dru C. (1998). Making Majorities: Constituting the Nation in Japan, Korea, China, Malaysia, Fiji, Turkey, and the United States. Stanford University Press. tr. 155–. ISBN 978-0-8047-3048-8.
↑  Seow, Francis T. (1998). The Media Enthralled: Singapore Revisited. Lynne Rienner Publishers. tr. 6–. ISBN 978-1-55587-779-8.
↑  Crawfurd, John (Autumn 2005). “Journal of An Embassy From the Governor- General of India to the Court of Ava” (PDF). SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research. 3 (2). ISSN 1479-8484. Bản gốc (PDF) lưu trữ ngày 13 tháng 4 năm 2013. Truy cập ngày 27 tháng 11 năm 2019.
↑  Data on the Diana. Lưu trữ 2017-08-10 tại Wayback Machine Naval Database. pbenyon.plus.com
↑  Misa, Thomas J. (2004). Leonardo to the Internet: Technology & Culture from the Renaissance to the Present. JHU Press. tr. 101–. ISBN 978-0-8018-7808-4.
↑  Chandler, David Porter; Steinberg, David Joel (1987). In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History. University of Hawaii Press. tr. 105–. ISBN 978-0-8248-1110-5.
↑  Rudwick, Martin J. S. (2010). Worlds Before Adam: The Reconstruction of Geohistory in the Age of Reform. University of Chicago Press. tr. 221–. ISBN 978-0-226-73130-8.
↑  Loudon, John Claudius, Charlesworth, Edward and Denson, John (editors), Magazine of Natural History, vol. 1 (1829), p. 186.
↑  Stafford, p. 111.
↑  Amigoni, David (2007). Colonies, Cults and Evolution: Literature, Science and Culture in Nineteenth-Century Writing. Cambridge University Press. tr. 5–. ISBN 978-1-139-46909-8.
↑  Osborn, Henry Fairfield and Percy, Mabel Rice (1936) Proboscidea: a monograph of the discovery, evolution, migration and extinction of the mastodonts and elephants of the world vol. 2, p. 827.
↑  Ellingson, p. 264.
↑  Rowe, D.J. (editor) (1970) "Papers relating to the Parliamentary Candidates Society", in London Radicalism 1830–1843: A selection of the papers of Francis Place. pp. 15–25.
↑  “The Radical Club, and other papers | British History Online”. www.british-history.ac.uk.
↑  Douglas, Robert Kennaway (1888) "Crawfurd, John (1783–1868), orientalist" in Dictionary of National Biography.
↑  The Royal kalendar and court and city register for England, Scotland, Ireland and the colonies: for the year 1833. 1833. tr. 115.
↑  Alexander's East India and Colonial Magazine, vol. 9 (1835), p. 426.
↑  Tait's Edinburgh Magazine, March 1834, vol. 1 p. 140.
↑  Clemesha, Henry Wordsworth (1912) A History of Preston in Amounderness, p. 265.
↑  The Spectator, ngày 6 tháng 5 năm 1837, vol. 10, p. 429.
↑  The Spectator, ngày 6 tháng 5 năm 1837, vol. 10, p. 415.
↑  Riello, Giorgio; Roy, Tirthankar (2009). How India Clothed the World: The World of South Asian Textiles, 1500–1850. BRILL. tr. 42–46. ISBN 978-90-04-17653-9.
↑  Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Select Committee on the East India Company (1830). Report of the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Affairs of the East India Company: China Trade. Parbury. tr. 420.
↑  "Rickards, Robert (1769–1836), of Sloane Street, Mdx.". The History of Parliament
↑  Martin, Robert Montgomery (1832). British relations with the Chinese empire in 1832: comparative statement of the English and American trade with India and Canton. tr. 114–.
↑  Carlyle, E. I. (1901) "Mangles, Ross Donnelly (1801–1877), chairman of the East India Company" in Dictionary of National Biography.
↑  Greenberg, Michael (1969) Ch. VII "The Victory of the Free Traders", pp. 175, 183–4 in British Trade and the Opening of China 1800–1842.
↑  Schueller, Malini Johar; Watts, Edward (2003). Messy Beginnings: Postcoloniality and Early American Studies. Rutgers University Press. tr. 123–4. ISBN 978-0-8135-3233-2.
↑  Australian Dictionary of Biography, Torrens, Robert (1780–1864).
↑  Torrens, Robert (1835) Colonization of South Australia. p. 1.
↑  Stafford, p. 45.
↑  Stafford, p. 55.
↑  Burgess, Glenn; Festenstein, Matthew (2007). English Radicalism, 1550–1850. Cambridge University Press. tr. 298–9. ISBN 978-0-521-80017-4.
↑  Burgess, Glenn; Festenstein, Matthew (2007). English Radicalism, 1550–1850. Cambridge University Press. tr. 306 note 51. ISBN 978-0-521-80017-4.
↑  Buckley, Charles Burton (1902)An Anecdotal History of Old Times in Singapore, vol. 2, pp. 596–9.
↑  Webster, Anthony (1998). Gentleman Capitalists: British Imperialism in Southeast Asia 1770–1890. I.B.Tauris. tr. 171–. ISBN 978-1-86064-171-8.
↑  Ellingson, p. 310.
↑  Bronwen Douglas and Chris Ballard (editors), Foreign Bodies: Oceania and the Science of Race 1750–1940, p. 200 note 58 (PDF).
↑  John Crawfurd (1967). Journal of an embassy to the courts of Siam and Cochin China. Oxford U.P.
↑  Powell, Avril Ann (2010). Scottish Orientalists and India: The Muir Brothers, Religion, Education and Empire. Boydell. tr. 152–. ISBN 978-1-84383-579-0.
↑  Boon, James A. (1990). Affinities and Extremes: Crisscrossing the Bittersweet Ethnology of East Indies History, Hindu-Balinese Culture, and Indo-European Allure. University of Chicago Press. tr. 30–. ISBN 978-0-226-06461-1.
↑  “British Library, Javanese and Old Javanese language collections”. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 4 tháng 3 năm 2016. Truy cập ngày 27 tháng 11 năm 2019.
↑  Adelaar, K. Alexander; Himmelmann, Nikolaus (2005). The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar. Psychology Press. tr. 489–. ISBN 978-0-7007-1286-1.
↑  Chaudhuri, K. N. (2010). The Economic Development of India Under the East India Company 1814–58: A Selection of Contemporary Writings. Cambridge University Press. tr. 4. ISBN 978-0-521-15336-2.
↑  Chaudhuri, K. N. (2010). The Economic Development of India Under the East India Company 1814–58: A Selection of Contemporary Writings. Cambridge University Press. tr. 15. ISBN 978-0-521-15336-2.
↑  Kling, p. 71.
↑  Kling, p. 203.
↑  Samuel Taylor Coleridge, John Colmer (editor), On the Constitution of the Church and State (1976), p. 89.
↑  Autobiographical Recollections of Sir John Bowring (1877), p. 214.
↑  Darwin, Charles (1874) "Chapter VII: On the Races of Man" in Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
↑  Livingstone, David N. (2008). Adam's Ancestors: Race, Religion, and the Politics of Human Origins. JHU Press. tr. 113–. ISBN 978-0-8018-8813-7.
↑  Beasley, p. 188 note 50.
↑  Adas, p. 302.
↑  Chrisomalis, Stephen (2008). “The Cognitive and Cultural Foundations of Numbers”.  Trong Robson, Eleanor; Stedall, Jacqueline (biên tập). The Oxford Handbook of the History of Mathematics. Oxford University Press. tr. 2. ISBN 978-0-19-160744-8.
↑  Ellingson, p. 306.
↑  Beasley, p. 18.
↑  Koditschek, Theodore (2011). Liberalism, Imperialism, and the Historical Imagination: Nineteenth-Century Visions of a Greater Britain. Cambridge University Press. tr. 263–. ISBN 978-1-139-49488-5.
↑  Adas, p. 175.
↑  Trosper, Ronald (2009). Resilience, Reciprocity and Ecological Economics: Northwest Coast Sustainability. Taylor & Francis. tr. 29–. ISBN 978-0-203-88199-6.
1 2  Ellingson, p. 318.
↑  Ellingson, p. 322.
↑  Ellingson, p. 300.
↑  Ellingson, p. 239.
↑  Ellingson, p. 265.
↑  George Stocking, Jr., Victorian Anthropology (1987), p. 252.
↑  Turner, Michael J. (2004). Independent Radicalism in Early Victorian Britain. Greenwood Publishing Group. tr. 195–. ISBN 978-0-275-97386-5.
↑  Bentham, Jeremy; Bowring, John; Mill, John Stuart biên tập (1833). The Westminster Review. Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy. tr. 247–.
↑  Trautmann, Thomas R. (2006). Languages and Nations: The Dravidian Proof in Colonial Madras. University of California Press. tr. 223–. ISBN 978-0-520-24455-9.
↑  Finlayson, George; Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford, F.R.S. (ngày 27 tháng 4 năm 2014) [1826]. “Chapter VII. Depart from Siam”. The Mission to Siam, and Hué the Capital of Cochin China, in the Years 1821-2. Fairbanks: Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. tr. 269–70. EBook #45505. Truy cập ngày 10 tháng 6 năm 2015. .... Mrs. Crawfurd had accompanied [270]us to the village, and her presence conferred a degree of interest upon the scene not easy to be described. The men, stupid with wonder, seemed to look upon her as a being of another creation; and indeed, if we cast our eyes upon the contrast in the female forms now before us, their wonder will not appear surprising, and these rude and wretched savages might well doubt that they had but little connexion with our race. Never, perhaps, was savage life more strikingly contrasted with refined; an accomplished female, brought up in all the elegance and refinement of the first metropolis in the world, stood opposed to the rude, scarce human forms of the savage islanders of the Gulf of Siam!
↑  Dictionary of National Biography, Crawfurd, Oswald John Frederick (1834–1909), author, by S. E. Fryer. Published 1912.
↑  Carlyle, J. B. W. (1855). “JANE WELSH CARLYle's JOURNAL, October 1855-July 1856”. The Carlyle Letters Online. 30: 195–262. doi:10.1215/ed-30-jane-welsh-carlyle-journal. Note 99.
↑  Carlyle, T. (1981). “Tc to John A. Carlyle”. The Carlyle Letters Online. 9: 363–368. doi:10.1215/lt-18371212-TC-JAC-01. Note 14.