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↑  John Renard (1 tháng 8 năm 2001). The Handy Religion Answer Book. Visible Ink Press. ISBN 1578591252. Individuals wearing or displaying either a cross or the fish symbol might belong to any of a number of Christian denominations or communities.
↑  Liz James (30 tháng 4 năm 2008). Supernaturalism in Christianity: Its Growth and Cure. Mercer University Press. ISBN 9780881460940. Most Christians who have worn crosses have probably not trivialized a core teaching of Jesus about renouncing self-centeredness, figuratively described as carrying one's cross. For them the symbol is perceived not as powerful magic, or as a lovely decoration to impress others, but as a reminder primarily to themselves of their commitment to one who laid down His life in love for friends and enemies.
↑  William E. Phipps (4 tháng 5 năm 2010). A Companion to Byzantium. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781405126540. In fact cross-wearers, and those depositing icons and other valuables in the graves of loved ones, probably considered themselves true to Christ and His Cross.
↑  Mark U. Edwards (17 tháng 9 năm 2006). Religion on Our Campuses. Palgrave Macmillan. tr. 22. ISBN 1403972109. Consider, for example, dress and jewelry. An Orthodox Jewish male student may wear a yarmulke or a Moslem female student a headscarf, and Christian students of both sexes may wear crosses.
↑  Jordan, Anne (5 tháng 4 năm 2000). Christianity. Nelson Thornes. ISBN 9780748753208. Most Orthodox Christians wear this cross for the rest of their lives.
↑  On Wearing the Cross. Greek Orthodox Church. 2012. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 1 tháng 6 năm 2013. Truy cập ngày 10 tháng 12 năm 2023. At holy Baptism, every Orthodox Christian receives an image of the Precious Cross to be worn around the neck. From the moment of Baptism until the moment of death, every Orthodox Christian should wear the Cross at every moment.
↑  Metropolitan Jewelry, (Sophie McConnell, ed.), Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.), 1991, p. 66 ISBN 9780870996160
1 2  Samaan, Moses (25 tháng 8 năm 2010). “Who wears the Cross and when?” (bằng tiếng Anh). Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Los Angeles, Southern California, and Hawaii. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 8 năm 2020.
↑  Liz James (30 tháng 4 năm 2008). Supernaturalism in Christianity: Its Growth and Cure. Mercer University Press. ISBN 9780881460940. From the fifth century onward, the cross has been widely worn as an amulet, and the novel Dracula treats it as a protection against vampires. Many Christians continue to hang polished miniatures of the cross around their necks.
↑  Michael Symmons Roberts (12 tháng 9 năm 2011). “The Cross”. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). The belief that the cross can ward off evil and protect the wearer goes back a long way.
↑  Reader, John; Baker, Chris (7 tháng 5 năm 2009). Entering the New Theological Space. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0754663393. A cross necklace is a Christian symbol, but it is also common enough in secular style that it may be worn by those for whom it has little or no meaning beyond the cultural or fashionable.
↑  What Does the Bible Really Teach?. Watch Tower Society. 2005. tr. 51, 201–204.
↑  Konstantopoulos, George D. (18 tháng 9 năm 2017). “All Orthodox Christians are Given a Cross Following Their Baptism to Wear for Life” (bằng tiếng Anh). St. Andrew Greek Orthodox Church. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 3 tháng 10 năm 2020. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 8 năm 2020.
↑  Konstantopoulos, George D. (18 tháng 9 năm 2017). “All Orthodox Christians are Given a Cross Following Their Baptism to Wear for Life” (bằng tiếng Anh). St. Andrew Greek Orthodox Church. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 22 tháng 7 năm 2018. Truy cập ngày 18 tháng 8 năm 2020.
↑  The Ethiopian Orthodox Church (2003) [1970].  Aymero W; Joachim M (biên tập). “The Sacramental: The cross and the crucifix”. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. Addis Ababa: Ethiopian Orthodox mission. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 22 tháng 3 năm 2013. Truy cập ngày 30 tháng 4 năm 2015 – qua Ethiopianorthodox.org. Attached to a cord or fine chain [the cross] is worn around the neck of nearly all Christians right from childhood until death.
↑  Siegbert Uhlig (2007). Encyclopædia Aethiopica: He-N. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 9783447056076. The Matäb, an emblem of Christianity in Ethiopia, is a blue (sometimes black) silk cord tied around the neck of a child during the baptism ceremony.… Women may later append various elements on the M., though a simple cord is already considered a fully valuable M. The possible pendants include a cross…. They can be freely combined, none of them being essential.
1 2  Tomko, Jozef (28 tháng 2 năm 2007). On Missionary Roads. Ignatius Press. tr. 452. ISBN 9781586171650. Truy cập ngày 9 tháng 4 năm 2014. In 1967, Hoxha proudly declared Albania to be the first completely atheistic state. It was once a chiefly Muslim country with a Catholic minority and small groups of Greek Orthodox in the south. From the onset of communist rule, all religions had to cut their ties with their centers abroad. practically all the priests who survived the initial persecutions were confined in prisons or work camps. Religious orders were abolished, and all religious rituals, including the celebration of the sacraments, were prohibited and punishable by the death penalty for those officiating. The people were not even allowed to have religious necklaces or to wear such things as small crosses.
↑  “Press release of the European Court of Human Rights”.
↑  “Full text of the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights” (PDF).
↑  “Summary of the ruling by the European Court of Human Rights”. 18 tháng 3 năm 2011.
↑  “Cardinal Keith O'Brien urges Christians to 'proudly' wear cross”. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 7 tháng 4 năm 2012. Former nurse Shirley Chaplin, from Exeter, and Nadia Eweida, from Twickenham, who worked with British Airways, are taking their call for all employees to be able to wear a cross at work to the European Court of Human Rights.
↑  “Cross case nurse Shirley Chaplin plans to appeal ruling”. BBC News. 15 tháng 1 năm 2013. Truy cập ngày 17 tháng 7 năm 2017.
↑  “Christians urged to wear cross after moves to 'sideline' faith”. The Daily Telegraph. 6 tháng 4 năm 2012. Lord Carey, the former Archbishop of Canterbury, and Cardinal Keith O'Brien, the Scottish Roman Catholic leader, are among those urging Christians to demonstrate their beliefs publicly after a series of cases placing religious freedom in the spotlight.
↑  “School ban on girl wearing cross 'discriminatory'”. The Telegraph. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 13 tháng 9 năm 2012.
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