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Albert Bruce Sabin (1906–1993), USA – oral Polio vaccine
Alexander Sablukov (1783–1857), Russia – centrifugal fan
Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu (1385–1468), Turkey – illustrated surgical atlas
Gilles Saint-Hilaire (born 1948), Canada – Quasiturbine, Qurbine
Andrei Sakharov (1921–1989), Russia – invented explosively pumped flux compression generator, co-developed the Tsar Bomb and tokamak
Jonas Edward Salk (1914–1995), USA – injection Polio vaccine
Franz San Galli (1824–1908), Poland/Russia (Italian and German descent) – radiator, modern central heating
Frederick Sanger (1918–2013), USA – Sanger sequencing (= DNA sequencing)
Larry Sanger (born 1968), together with Jimmy Wales, USA – Wikipedia
Yoshiyuki Sankai (c. 1957–), Japan – Robotic exoskeleton for motion support (medicine)
Alberto Santos-Dumont (1873–1932), Brazil – non-rigid airship and airplane
Arthur William Savage (1857–1938) – radial tires, gun magazines, Savage Model 99 lever action rifle
Thomas Savery (1650–1715), UK – steam engine
Adolphe Sax (1814–1894), Belgium – saxophone
Vincent Joseph Schaefer (1906–1993), USA – a.o. Cloud seeding by dry ice
Bela Schick (1877–1967), Hungary – diphtheria test
Hugo Schiff (1834–1915), Germany – Schiff test (histology)
Pavel Schilling (1786–1837), Estonia/Russia – first electromagnetic telegraph, mine with an electric fuse
Gilmore Schjeldahl (1912–2002), USA – Airsickness bag
Hubert Schlafly (1919–2011), USA – Teleprompter = Autocue
Wilhelm Schlenk (1879–1943), Germany – Schlenk flask (chemistry)
Bernhard Schmidt (1879–1935), Estonia/Germany – Schmidt camera
Otto Schmitt (1913–1998), USA – Schmitt trigger (electronics)
Christian Schnabel (1878–1936), German – simplistic food cutleries
Kees A. Schouhamer Immink (born 1946), Netherlands – Major contributor to development of Compact Disc
August Schrader (1807–1894), USA – Schrader valve for Pneumatic tire
David Schwarz (1852–1897), Croatia, – rigid ship, later called Zeppelin
Raymond Scott (1908–1994), USA — inventor and developer of electronic music technology
Marc Seguin (1786–1875), France – wire-cable suspension bridge
Hanaoka Seishū (1760–1835), Japan – General anaesthetic
Ted Selker (inv. 1987), USA – Pointing stick
Sennacherib (705–681 BC), Iraq (Mesopotamia) – screw pump
Léon Serpollet (1858–1907), France – Flash boiler, Gardner-Serpollet steam car
Iwan Serrurier (1878–1953), Netherlands/USA – inventor of the Moviola for film editing
Mark Serrurier (1904–1988), USA – Serrurier truss for Optical telescopes
Gerhard Sessler (born 1931), Germany – foil electret microphone, silicon microphone
Guy Severin (1926–2008), Russia – extra-vehicular activity supporting system
Ed Seymour (inv. c. 1949), USA – Aerosol paint
Leonty Shamshurenkov (1687–1758), Russia – first self-propelling carriage (a precursor to both bicycle and automobile), projects of an original odometer and self-propelling sledge
Ibn al-Shatir (1304–1375), Syria – "jewel box" device which combined a compass with a universal sundial
Bi Sheng (Chinese: 畢昇) (c. 990–1051), China – clay movable type printing
Murasaki Shikibu (c. 973–1025), Japan – tiểu thuyết tâm lí
Pyotr Shilovsky (1871–1957), Russia/United Kingdom – gyrocar
Masatoshi Shima (born 1943), Japan – microprocessor
Fathullah Shirazi (c. 1582), Mughal India – early volley gun
Joseph Shivers (1920–2014), USA – Spandex
William Bradford Shockley (1910–1989), Mỹ – đồng phát minh transistor
Henry Shrapnel (1761–1842), UK – Shrapnel shell ammunition
Vladimir Shukhov (1853–1939), Russia – thermal cracking (Shukhov cracking process), thin-shell structure, tensile structure, hyperboloid structure, gridshell, modern oil pipeline, cylindric oil depot
Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor (born 1972), Malaysia – cell growth in outer space, crystallization of proteins and microbes in space
Augustus Siebe (1788–1872), Germany/UK – Inventor of the standard diving dress
Sir William Siemens (1823–1883), Germany – regenerative furnace
Werner von Siemens (1816–1892), Germany – a.o. electric elevator, Electromote (= first trolleybus), an early Dynamo
Al-Sijzi (c. 945–1020), Persia/Iran – heliocentric astrolabe
Igor Sikorsky (1889–1972), Russia/USA – first four-engine fixed-wing aircraft (Russky Vityaz), first airliner and purpose-designed bomber (Ilya Muromets), modern helicopter, Sikorsky-series helicopters
Bernard Silver (1924–1963), together with Norman Joseph Woodland (1921–2012), USA – Barcode
Kia Silverbrook (born 1958), Australia – Memjet printer, world's most prolific inventor
Vladimir Simonov (born 1935), Russia – APS Underwater Assault Rifle, SPP-1 underwater pistol
Charles Simonyi (born 1948), Hungary – Hungarian notation
Ibn Sina (Avicenna) (980–1037), Persia/Iran – steam distillation, essential oil, pharmacopoeia, clinical pharmacology, clinical trial, randomized controlled trial, quarantine, cancer surgery, cancer therapy, pharmacotherapy, phytotherapy, Hindiba, Taxus baccata L, calcium channel blocker
Isaac Singer (1811–1875), USA – sewing machine
B. F. Skinner (1904–1990), USA – Operant conditioning chamber
Nikolay Slavyanov (1854–1897), Russia – shielded metal arc welding
Alexander Smakula (1900–1983), Ukraine/Russia/USA – anti-reflective coating
Michael Smith (1932–2000), USA – Site-directed mutagenesis (molecular biology)
Oliver Smithies (1925–2017), together with Sir Martin John Evans (born 1941), and Mario Ramberg Capecchi (born 1937), USA – Knockout mouse, Gene targeting
Yefim Smolin, Russia – table-glass (stakan granyonyi)
Friedrich Soennecken (1848–1919), Germany – Ring binder, Hole punch
Su Song (1020–1101), China – đĩa xích đầu tiên
Marin Soljačić (born 1974), Croatia – Resonant inductive coupling
Edwin Southern (born 1938), USA – Southern blot (molecular biology)
Alfred P. Southwick (1826–1898), USA – Electric chair
Igor Spassky (born 1926), Russia – Sea Launch platform
Percy Spencer (1894–1970), USA – microwave oven
Elmer Ambrose Sperry (1860–1930), USA – gyroscope-guided automatic pilot
Lyman Spitzer (1914–1997), USA – Stellarator (physics)
Bhargav Sri Prakash (born 1977), India/USA – Learnification platform at FriendsLearn, Virtual Reality System, electromagnetic collision avoidance system, OBD based in-vehicle powertrain performance measurement, rate based driver controls for drive by wire systems
Ladislas Starevich (1882–1965), Russia/France – puppet animation, live-action/animated film
Gary Starkweather (born 1938), USA – laser printer, color management
Boris Stechkin (1891–1969), Russia – co-developer of Sikorsky Ilya Muromets and Tsar Tank, developer of Soviet heat and aircraft engines
George Stephenson (1781–1848), UK – steam railway
Simon Stevin (1548–1620), Netherlands – land yacht
Andreas Stihl (1896–1973), Switzerland/Germany – Electric chain saw
Reverend Dr Robert Stirling (1790–1878), Scotland – Stirling engine
Aurel Stodola (1859–1942), Slovakia – gas turbines
Aleksandr Stoletov (1839–1896), Russia – first solar cell based on the outer photoelectric effect
Levi Strauss (1829–1902), USA – blue jeans
John Stringfellow (1799–1883), UK – aerial steam carriage
Bjarne Stroustrup (born 1950), Denmark – C++ (programming language)
Almon Strowger (1839–1902), USA – automatic telephone exchange
Emil Strub (1858–1909), Switzerland – Strub rack railway system
Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi) (903–986), Persia/Iran – timekeeping astrolabe, navigational astrolabe, surveying astrolabe
Kyota Sugimoto (1882–1972), Japan – Japanese language typewriter
Mutsuo Sugiura (1918–1986), Japan – Esophagogastroduodenoscope
Pavel Sukhoi (1895–1975), Russia – Su-series fighter aircraft
Simon Sunatori (born 1959), Canada – inventor of MagneScribe and Magic Spicer
Sushruta (600 BC), Vedic India – inventor of Plastic Surgery, Cataract Surgery, Rhinoplasty
Theodor Svedberg (1884–1971), Sweden – Analytical ultracentrifuge
Joseph Swan (1828–1914), UK – Incandescent light bulb
Robert Swanson (1905–1994), Canada – Invented and developed the first multi-chime air horn for use with diesel locomotives
Remi Swierczek (born 1958), Poland – Inventor of Music Identification System and the Mico Changer (coin hopper and dispenser used in casinos)
Andrei Sychra (c.1773/76–1850), Lithuania/Russia, Czech descent – Russian seven-string guitar
Vladimir Syromyatnikov (1933–2006), Russia – Androgynous Peripheral Attach System and other spacecraft docking mechanisms
Simon Sze (born 1936), Taiwan/USA, together with Dawon Kahng (1931–1992), South Korea – Floating-gate MOSFET
Leó Szilárd (1898–1964), Hungary/USA – Co-developed the atomic bomb, patented the nuclear reactor, catalyst of the Manhattan Project