Vijñāna
Nguồn tham khảo

1 2  As is standard in WP articles, the Pali term viññāṇa will be used when discussing the Pali literature, and the Sanskrit word vijñāna will be used when referring to either texts chronologically subsequent to the Pali canon or when discussing the topic broadly, in terms of both Pali and non-Pali texts.
1 2  See, for instance, Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 618, entry for "Viññāṇa," retrieved on 2007-06-17 from the University of Chicago's "Digital Dictionaries of South Asia". University of Chicago
↑  See, for instance, Apte (1957-59)  Archived ngày 28 tháng 3 năm 2016, at the Wayback Machine, p. 1434, entry for "vijñānam," retrieved from "U. Chicago" at [1]; and, Monier-Williams (rev. 2008)  Archived ngày 3 tháng 3 năm 2016, at the Wayback Machine, p. 961, entry for "Vi-jñāna," retrieved from "U. Cologne" at.
↑  O'Brien, Barbara. "An Introduction to Vijnana, Awareness in Buddhism", Learn Religions. Truy cập ngày 8 tháng 5 năm 2021.
↑  “Question: What is the difference between jnana and vijnana?”. www.srichinmoylibrary.com. Lưu trữ bản gốc ngày 23 tháng 8 năm 2017. Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 5 năm 2017.Quản lý CS1: bot: trạng thái URL ban đầu không rõ (liên kết)
↑  O'Brien, Barbara. "Alaya-vijnana: The Storehouse Consciousness." Learn Religions. Truy cập ngày 8 tháng 5 năm 2021.
↑  Hamilton, Sue (1996). Identity and Experience [Danh tính và Kinh nghiệm]. LUZAC Oriental. tr. 105-106.
↑  Bodhi, Bhikkhu (trans.) (2000b). The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. (Part IV is "The Book of the Six Sense Bases (Salayatanavagga)".) Boston: Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0-86171-331-1., pp. 769-70, n. 154.  For more information, see the section, "Overlapping Pali terms for mind," below.
↑  Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), entry for "Viññāṇa," states:

"In what may be a very old Sutta S ii.95 [viññāṇa] is given as a synonym of citta (q. v.) and mano (q. v.), in opposition to kāya used to mean body. This simpler unecclesiastical, unscholastic popular meaning is met with in other suttas. E. g. the body (kāya) is when animated called sa-viññāṇaka [with consciousness]...."

Bodhi (2000b), pp. 769-70, n. 154, also mentions this generalized use of viññāṇa in the Abhidhamma Pitaka and commentaries (cf. "Overlapping Pali terms for mind" section below).
↑  See, for instance, MN 148 (Thanissaro, 1998). In this framework, the Pali word translated as "consciousness" is viññāṇa and the word translated as "mind" is mano. Thus, the faculty of awareness of the mind (the base of, e.g., abstractions sythesized from physical sensory experience) is referred to as mano-viññāṇa ("mind-consciousness").
↑  Bodhi (2000b), p. 1140; and, Thanissaro (2001c). Archived ngày 3 tháng 3 năm 2016, at the Wayback Machine According to Bodhi (2000b), p. 1399, n. 7, the Pali commentary regarding the Sabba Sutta states: "...[I]f one passes over the twelve sense bases, one cannot point out any real phenomenon." Also see Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 680, "Sabba" entry where sabbaŋ is defined as "the (whole) world of sense-experience." References to the "All" (sabba) can be found in a number of subsequent discourses including SN 35.24, 35.25, 35.26, 35.27 and 35.29.
↑  Bodhi (2000b), p. 1140; and, Thanissaro (2001b). Archived ngày 8 tháng 5 năm 2016, at the Wayback Machine  These five sextets are implicitly referenced as the bases for clinging (upādāna) and fetters in other discourses such as "Advice to Anāthapiṇḍika Discourse" (Anāthapiṇḍikavāda Sutta MN 143; Ñāṇamoli & Bodhi, 2001, pp. 1109-13) and the "Great Discourse on the Sixfold Base" (Mahāsaḷāyatanika Sutta MN 149; Ñāṇamoli & Bodhi, 2001, pp. 1137-39).
↑  In the "Six Sextets" discourse (Chachakka Sutta, MN 148), a further expansion can be seen where the "six sextets" (cha-chakka) include the five aforementioned sextets plus feeling-dependent craving (taṇhā). (For MN 148, see Ñāṇamoli & Bodhi (2001), pp. 1129-36; and, Thanissaro (1998). Archived ngày 21 tháng 4 năm 2016, at the Wayback Machine)
↑  Thanissaro (1993). Archived ngày 21 tháng 4 năm 2016, at the Wayback Machine
↑  This, for instance, can be juxtaposed with an Idealist epistemology where the material world arises from consciousness (Bodhi, 2006).