Minh Thế Tông
Chú thích

↑  Ghi chú chung: Ngày tháng ở đây được lấy theo lịch Julius. Nó không phải là lịch Gregory đón trước.
↑  Geoff Wade, translator, Southeast Asia in the Ming Shi-lu: an open access resource, Singapore: Asia Research Institute and the Singapore E-Press, National University of Singapore, http://epress.nus.edu.sg/msl/entry/2740, accessed ngày 13 tháng 7 năm 2016.
↑  Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Nhà Xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội Hà Nội, tập 3, tr 120, 121,
 122.
↑  Tomé Pires; Armando Cortesão; Francisco Rodrigues (1990).  Armando Cortesão (biên tập). The Suma oriental of Tome Pires: an account of the East, from the Red Sea to China, written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515; and, The book of Francisco Rodrigues: Pilot-Major of the armada that discovered Banda and the Moluccas: rutter of a voyage in the red sea, nautical rules, almanack... 1 of The Suma Oriental of Tome Pires: An Account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, Written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515, and The Book of Francisco Rodrigues, Rutter of a Voyage in the Red Sea, Nautical Rules, Almanack and Maps, Written and Drawn in the East Before 1515 . Asian Educational Services. tr. xl. ISBN 978-81-206-0535-0. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 12 năm 2011. In the meantime, after the departure of Simão de Andrade, the ship Madalena, which belonged to D. Nuno Manuel, coming from Lisbon under the command of Diogo Calvo, arrived at Tamão with some other vessels from Malacca, among them the junk of Jorge Álvares, which the year before could not sail with Simão de Andrade's fleet, because she had sprung a leak. .., the Chinese seized Vasco Calvo, a brother of Diogo Calvo, and other Portuguese who were in Canton trading ashore. On ngày 27 tháng 6 năm 1521 Duarte Coelho arrived with two junks at Tamão. Besides capturing some of the Portuguese vessels, the Chinese blockaded Diogo Calvo's ship and four other Portuguese vessels in Tamão with a large fleet of armed junks. A few weeks later Ambrósio do Rego arrived with two other ships. As many of the Portuguese crews had been killed in the fighting, slaughtered afterwards or taken prisoners, by this time there was not enough Portuguese for all the vessels, and thus Calvo, Coelho, and Rego resolved to abandon the junks in order the batteter to man the three ships. They set sail on 7 September and were attacked by the Chinese fleet, managing however to escape, thanks to a providential gale which scattered the enemy junks, and arrived at Malacca in October 1521. Vieira mentions other junks which arrived in China with Portuguese aboard; all were attacked, and the entire crews were killed fighting or were taken prisoners and slaughtered later.
↑  Tomé Pires; Armando Cortesão; Francisco Rodrigues (1990).  Armando Cortesão (biên tập). The Suma oriental of Tome Pires: an account of the East, from the Red Sea to China, written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515; and, The book of Francisco Rodrigues: Pilot-Major of the armada that discovered Banda and the Moluccas: rutter of a voyage in the red sea, nautical rules, almanack... 1 of The Suma Oriental of Tome Pires: An Account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, Written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515, and The Book of Francisco Rodrigues, Rutter of a Voyage in the Red Sea, Nautical Rules, Almanack and Maps, Written and Drawn in the East Before 1515 . Asian Educational Services. tr. xliii. ISBN 978-81-206-0535-0. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 12 năm 2011. Coutinho's fleet of six sail left Malacca on 10 July and arrived at Tamão in August 1522. They were soon attacked by the Chinese fleet. The Portuguese had many men killed and taken prisoners, two ships and the junk were lost, and after vain efforts to re-establish relations with the Cantonese authorities, Coutinho returned with the other ships to Malacca, where he arrived in the middle of October 1522. Though some chroniclers put the blame on the Chinese, Chang quotes Chinese sources which assert that the Portuguese should be held responsible for the outbreak of hostilities.
↑  Tomé Pires; Armando Cortesão; Francisco Rodrigues (1990).  Armando Cortesão (biên tập). The Suma oriental of Tome Pires: an account of the East, from the Red Sea to China, written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515; and, The book of Francisco Rodrigues: Pilot-Major of the armada that discovered Banda and the Moluccas: rutter of a voyage in the red sea, nautical rules, almanack... 1 of The Suma Oriental of Tome Pires: An Account of the East, from the Red Sea to Japan, Written in Malacca and India in 1512–1515, and The Book of Francisco Rodrigues, Rutter of a Voyage in the Red Sea, Nautical Rules, Almanack and Maps, Written and Drawn in the East Before 1515 . Asian Educational Services. tr. xlvi. ISBN 978-81-206-0535-0. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 12 năm 2011. On fol. 108v. it is stated that Martim Afonso de Melo Coutinho went from Malacca to China in 1521, but in fol. 121 it is correctly said that he arrived in 1522.
↑  Joseph Timothy Haydn (1885). Dictionary of dates, and universal reference. [With] (ấn bản thứ 18). tr. 522. Truy cập ngày 4 tháng 11 năm 2011. MACAO (in Quang-tong, S. China) was given to the Portuguese as a commercial station in 1586 (in return for their assistance against pirates), subject to an annual tribute, which was remitted in 1863. Here Camoens composed part of the " Lusiad." (Oxford University)
↑  "China > History > The Ming dynasty > Political history > The dynastic succession", Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2007
↑  Lin, Guang (ngày 28 tháng 2 năm 2017). “《永乐大典》 正本陪葬了嘉靖帝？”. 《北京日报》. Truy cập ngày 30 tháng 7 năm 2018.
Minh Thế Tông Gia Tĩnh Hoàng đế Chu Hậu Thông
Nồi và nắp tráng men màu vàng với thiết kế các vệt ẩn từ lò nung, từ thời Gia Tĩnh
Hoàng đế Gia Tĩnh du ngoạn trên chiếc thuyền rồng của mình, từ một cuộn tranh được vẽ vào năm 1538 bởi các họa sĩ triều đình chưa rõ danh tính
Pháo nạp đạn của quân đội nhà Minh được chế tạo vào thời Gia Tĩnh, 1545.
Một chiếc bình sứ với thiết kế cá tráng men, từ thời Gia Tĩnh.