Phổ (quốc gia)
Chú thích

1 2  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 777
↑  SYLCANUS URBAN, THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE: AND HISTORICAL CHRONICLE. VOLUME LX, trang 765
1 2  Philip J. Haythornthwaite, Invincible generals: Gustavus Adolphus, Marlborough, Frederick the Great, George Washington, Wellington
1 2 3 4  Gregorio F. Zaide, World history, trang 273
1 2  Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc, The Britannica book of the war, trang 31
1 2 3  “Seven Years War”. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 22 tháng 1 năm 2012. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 11 năm 2010.
↑  Kha Xuân Kiều, Hà Nhân Học, Những nhân vật quân sự nổi tiếng thế giới, trang 325
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 118
↑  Charles Booth Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, G. P. Putnam, trang 256
1 2  David W. Del Testa, Florence Lemoine, John Strickland, Government leaders, military rulers, and political activists, trang 64
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 198
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947
1 2  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 371
1 2  Carl Cavanagh Hodge, Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800-1914, Tập 2, trang 573
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 195
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 19
1 2 3 4 5  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang XVI
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 674
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 47
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 657
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 179
1 2 3  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 114
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 51
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 552
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 318
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 101
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 95
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 97
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 85
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 84
1 2  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 10
↑  Carlton Joseph Huntley Hayes, A political and social history of modern Europe, Tập 1, trang 37
↑  Richard L. Gawthrop, Pietism and the making of eighteenth-century Prussia, trang 1
1 2 3  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 187
↑  Mario Reading, The Complete Prophecies of Nostradamus, trang 464
↑  H. W. Koch, A History of Prussia, các trang 100-102. Trang 161
↑  Tuy nhiên, theo ghi nhận của Paul Kuritz, người ta gọi ông là Friedrich Đại đế do ông đã phản đối chủ nghĩa quân phiệt của vua cha, tập trung năng lực của mình vào nền văn hoá và nghệ thuật. Xem "The making of theatre history", trang 245
↑  Robert S. Albert, Genius and eminence, trang 84
↑  William Theodore De Bary, Sources of East Asian Tradition: The modern period], trang 482
↑  Baron John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton Acton, Ernest Alfred Benians, The Cambridge modern history, Tập 6, trang 725
↑  “The King and the Page”. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 22 tháng 1 năm 2012. Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 11 năm 2010.
↑  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, trang 182
1 2 3 4  Kha Xuân Kiều, Hà Nhân Học, Những nhân vật quân sự nổi tiếng thế giới, trang 320
↑  A. W. Holland, Germany, trang 221
↑  The Merchants' Magazine and Commercial Review, Tập 1, trang 103
1 2 3  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 183
↑  Bruce Adelson, Arthur Meier Schlesinger, Baron Von Steuben: American General, trang 8
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 19
1 2 3 4  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 92
↑  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, trang 115
1 2 3 4 5 6 7  Radhey Shyam Chaurasia, History of Europe, trang 135
1 2  Stanley Sandler, Ground warfare: an international encyclopedia, Tập 1, trang 296
↑  Society of American Military Engineers, The Military engineer, Tập 23, trang 62
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 292
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 242
↑  Daniel Coit Gilman, The New international encyclopaedia, Tập 18, trang 12
1 2 3  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 116
1 2  Illustrated Naval and Military Magazine: A monthly journal devoted to all subjects connected with Her Majesty's land and sea forces, Tập 2, trang 271
1 2  Roger Osborne, Civilization: a new history of the Western world, trang 252
1 2 3  John S. D. Eisenhower, Bitter Woods, trang 21
↑  Bruce Adelson, Arthur Meier Schlesinger, Baron Von Steuben: American General, trang 12
↑  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, các trang 232-233.
1 2  Friedrich Kohlrausch, A history of Germany: from the earliest period to the present time, các trang 596-598.
↑  Charles Robert Leslie Fletcher, An Introductory History of England: From Charles the II to the Battle of Waterloo, trang 217
↑  B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, trang 243
1 2  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 115
↑  B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, trang 181
1 2 3  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 204
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 241
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 111
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 158
↑  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, trang 181
↑  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, trang 230
↑  Theodore Ayrault Dodge, Great Captains, trang 176
↑  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, trang 219
↑  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, trang 130
1 2  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 125
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 202
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 161
1 2  Bruce Adelson, Arthur Meier Schlesinger, Baron Von Steuben: American General, trang 13
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 186
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 128
↑  Erich Meissner, German in Peril, trang 22
1 2  THE COLUMBIA VIKING DESK ENCYCLOPEDIA, trang 383
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 134
1 2  T. C. W. Blanning, The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660-1789, trang 230
1 2  Michael A. Meyer, The origins of the modern Jew: Jewish identity and European culture in Germany, 1749-1824, trang 23
↑  Alex Natan, Brian Keith-Smith, German men of letters: Literary essays, trang 99
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: A Historical Profile, trang 133
↑  William Francis Collier, The great events of history from the beginning of the Christian era to the 19th century, trang 298
↑  A. Henry Higginson, The book of the horse, trang 208
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 219
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 132
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 133
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 225
1 2  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 220
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 222
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Doughlas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 130
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 158
1 2 3  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 155
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 228
↑  Christopher Duffy, The fortress in the age of Vauban and Frederick the Great, 1660-1789, trang 119
↑  Bruce Adelson, Arthur Meier Schlesinger, Baron Von Steuben: American General, trang 14
↑  Samuel Willard Crompton, Waterloo, trang 30
1 2  Hamish M. Scott, The emergence of the Eastern powers, 1756-1775, trang 42
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 12
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 13
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 227
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 216
1 2  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 185
↑  Peter H. Wilson, The Thirty Years War: Europe's tragedy, trang 187
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 188
↑  Bernard Pares, Russia and the Peace, trang 95
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 263
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 224
1 2  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 163
1 2  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, các trang 251-254.
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 156
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 266
↑  Winston Groom, A Storm in Flanders: The Ypres Salient, 1914-1918: Tragedy and Triumph on the Western Front, trang 32
↑  The Case of the Distinguised Corpses, Will Lang, Life Magazine, ngày 6 tháng 3 năm 1950
↑  John Jacob Anderson, A Manual of General History - Being an Outline History of the World from the Creation to the Present Time. with Numerous Engravings and Maps. for the Use of Colleges High-Schools, Academies, Etc., trang 330
1 2  Alice Birkhead, Heroes of Modern Europe, các trang 135-136
1 2  Birdsall S. Viault, Schaum's Outline of Modern European History, trang 127
1 2  Hamish M. Scott, The emergence of the Eastern powers, 1756-1775, trang 97
↑  Paul Hyland, Olga Gomez, Francesca Greensides, The Enlightenment: a sourcebook and reader, trang 63
↑  David G. Thomas, Swimming: steps to success, trang 16
↑  Derek Fraser, The buildings of Europe: Berlin, trang 136
↑  Earl Steinbicker, Daytrips Germany, trang 306
↑  Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd, Burke's royal palaces of Europe, trang 78
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 194
↑  Illustrated Encyclopaedia of World History, trang 392
↑  World and Its Peoples, trang 328
↑  Bởi Ellen Judy Wilson, Peter Hanns Reill, Encyclopedia of the Enlightenment, trang 451
↑  Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie, Jean-François Fitou, Saint-Simon and the court of Louis XIV, trang 9
↑  Louis Crompton, "Homosexuality & Civilization", trang 504, nguyên văn bài thơ trong trang 505, trang 508, trang 515.
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 185
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 184
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 42
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 179
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 96
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 44
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 38
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 127
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 281
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 95
↑  Michael O'Loghlin, Frederick the Great and his musicians: the viola da gamba music of the Berlin school, trang 32
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putna, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, các trang 19-22. Trang 202: "...Moses..."
↑  Mary Lindemann, Liaisons dangereuses: sex, law, and diplomacy in the age of Frederick the Great, trang 73
↑  James, Barry: 200 Years Later, Frederick the Great Still Makes Trouble, International Herald Tribune, ngày 15 tháng 8 năm 1991[liên kết hỏng]
↑  Dieudonné Thiébault, Original anecdotes of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia: and of his family, his court, his ministers, his academies, and his literary friends, Tập 2, trang 69
↑  Brendan Simms, "The Impact of Napoleon: Prussian High Politics, Foreign Policy and the Crisis of the Executive, 1797-1806", Cambridge University Press, 2002, tr. 149
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 278
1 2  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 279
1 2  C B Brackenbury, C. B. Brackenbury, Frederick the Great, các trang 257-258.
↑  Avner Falk, Napoleon against himself: a psychobiography, trang 68
↑  William Edward Hartpole Lecky, A History of England in the Eighteenth Century, trang 363
↑  Edmond Fitzmaurice, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick: An Historical Study, 1735-1806, trang 24
↑  George Madison Priest, Germany Since 1740, trang 34
↑  W. F. Reddaway, "Frederick the Great and the Rise of Prussia", các trang 148-153, trang 274, trang 288, trang 336, trang 344.
↑  Arthur B. Gunlicks, "The Länder and German federalism", Manchester University Press, 2003, trang 16
↑  Thomas Carlyle, History of Friedrich the Second called Frederick the Great, Tập 6, trang 189, trang 294: "Catin du Nord", trang 495: this is the victory summit of Friedrich's Public History... Friedrich's last feat in the world.....
↑  Antti P. Balk, Saints & Sinners: An Account of Western Civilization, Thelema Publications, 2008, trang 661
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 217
↑  Ephraim Lipson, Europe in the XIXth & XXth centuries, 1815-1939, trang 61
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 199
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 265
↑  Williamson Simpson Oldham, Clayton E. Jewett, Rise and fall of the Confederacy: the memoir of Senator Williamson S. Oldham, CSA, trang 141
↑  George Sand, The Countess of Rudolstadt, Tập 1-2, trang 8
↑  Friedrich Kapp, Life of Frederick William von Steuben: major general in the Revolutionary Army, trang 47
↑  The Kingfisher History Encyclopedia, trang 292
↑  Charles Downer Hazen, Modern European History, trang 13
↑  “Famous Men of Modern Times - Frederick the Great”. Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 22 tháng 1 năm 2012. Truy cập ngày 29 tháng 11 năm 2010.
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 23
↑  George Peabody Gooch, Germany and the French Revolution, Tập 1, trang 6
↑  Neil Grant, Oxford Children's History of the World, Tập 2, trang 108
↑  Paul G. Partington, Who's who on the postage stamps of Eastern Europe, Scarecrow Press, 1979, trang 393
↑  Owen Connelly, On War and Leadership: The Words of Combat Commanders from Frederick the Great to Norman Schwarzkopf, trang 11
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 170
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 182
↑  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang XII
1 2  Christopher Duffy, Frederick the Great: A Military Life, trang 283
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 228
↑  Heinrich Von Treitschke, George Haven Putnam, Douglas Sladen, Confessions of Frederick the Great and the Life of Frederick the Great, trang 153
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 215
↑  John H. Zammito, The genesis of Kant's critique of judgment, trang 11
↑  Eric Dorn Brose, German history, 1789-1871: from the Holy Roman Empire to the Bismarckian Reich, trang 26
↑  James J. Sheehan, German history, 1770-1866, trang 292
↑  Adrian Johns, Piracy: the intellectual property wars from Gutenberg to Gates, trang 55
1 2  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 154
↑  Gerhard Ritter, Frederick the Great: a historical profile, trang 201
↑  Graeme Garrard, Counter-enlightenments: from the eighteenth century to the present, trang 56
↑  Fredrick William II (King of Prussia)
↑  Joseph A. Biesinger, Germany: a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present, trang 392
↑  Peter Paret, The cognitive challenge of war: Prussia 1806, trang 83
1 2  David Nicholls, Napoleon: a biographical companion, trang 108
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 308
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 307
↑  Christopher Duffy, Red storm on the Reich: the Soviet march on Germany, 1945, trang 232
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 325
↑  Harold Everett Stearns, Germany's military heroes of the Napoleonic era in her post-war historical drama: currents of German nationalism in recent historical plays, trang 45
↑  James J. Sheehan, German history, 1770-1866, trang 308
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 661
↑  Houghton Mifflin Company, The Houghton Mifflin dictionary of biography, trang 561
↑  Lieutenant - General, A Nation Trained in Arms Or a Militia, trang 76
1 2  Samuel Willard Crompton, Waterloo, trang 34
↑  Frederick Franklin Schrader, 1683-1920, trang 58
↑  John Adam Cramb, Germany and England, trang 23
↑  Samuel Willard Crompton, Waterloo, trang 32
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, Trang XVIII
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 435
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 436
↑  R. Larry Todd, Mendelssohn and his world, trang 145
1 2  Jeffrey A. Bell, Industrialization and imperialism, 1800-1914: a biographical dictionary, trang 130
1 2  Joseph A. Biesinger, Germany: a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present, trang 740
1 2 3  Joseph A. Biesinger, Germany: a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present, trang 388
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 662
↑  Weeks, Gregory "Ritter, Gerhard A." pages 996-998 from The Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers: London 1999 page 997.
↑  Schwabe, Klaus "Gerhard Ritter" pages 83-103 from Paths of Continuity Washington, D.C.: German Historical Institute, 1994 page 95.
↑  Schwabe, Klaus "Gerhard Ritter" pages 83-103 from Paths of Continuity Washington, D.C.: German Historical Institute, 1994 pages 94-95.
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 655
↑  Christopher M. Clark, Iron kingdom: the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947, trang 690
Hiệu kỳ dân dụng Vương quốc Phổ
Các tỉnh của Phổ trước năm 1905
Bản đồ sắc tộc của Phổ trong suốt thời Trung cổ
Albert yết kiến và nhận Công quốc Phổ làm đất phong từ vua Ba Lan Zygmunt I.
Bá tước Friedrich Wilhelm xứ Brandenburg, "Đại Tuyển hầu"
Sự phát triển của Brandenburg-Prussia, 1600-1795
Vua Friedrich I của Phổ
Quốc vương Friedrich Wilhelm I
Quân đội Phổ của Friedrich Đại Đế bị liên quân Nga - Áo đánh bại thảm hại trong trận Kunersdorf (1759).
Quân đội Phổ của vua Friedrich II Đại Đế bị quân Áo đánh bại thảm hại trong trận Kolín (1757).
Quân đội Phổ của vua Friedrich II Đại Đế đánh cho quân Nga thất bại thảm hại trong trận Zorndorf (1758). Cũng như chiến thắng huy hoàng tại Rossbach (1757), Quân đội Phổ giành chiến thắng oanh liệt tại Zorndorf nhờ vào lực lượng Kỵ binh tinh nhuệ.
Tuy ngự trị thiên hạ nhưng vua Friedrich II Đại Đế vẫn sống đời giản dị, chăm chỉ, do đó ông được lòng dân. Là bạn thân của nhà triết học kiệt xuất Voltaire người Pháp, ông thường đi thị sát, và nói chuyện thân mật với bà con nông dân.
Chân dung vua Friedrich II Đại đế. Ông giành chiến thắng trong hầu hết các trận đánh trong cuộc Chiến tranh Bảy năm (1756 - 1763) chống lại phần lớn châu Âu. Là một vị vua thành công của chế độ chuyên chế Khai sáng, ông đưa nước Phổ trở nên thịnh vượng.
"Tân Hoàng cung" thể hiện sự oai hùng và thịnh vượng của ông vua hùng mạnh Friedrich II Đại Đế, được ông xây dựng từ năm 1763 đến năm 1769, sau cuộc Chiến tranh Bảy năm. Nhưng nhờ thiên tài quân sự của ông, ông đã bảo vệ nước Phổ, đánh bại liên quân Áo, Nga, Pháp, v.v... và kết thúc chiến tranh với 1 nước Phổ hùng mạnh hơn trước hẳn.
Vua Friedrich Wilhelm IV
Otto von Bismarck
Nước Phổ mở rộng lãnh thổ từ 1807-1871
Hoàng đế Wilhelm I của Đức
Phổ trong Đế quốc Đức thời kỳ 1871-1918
Hoàng đế Đức Wilhelm II
Liên bang Cộng hòa Weimar. Phổ có màu xanh da trời.
Paul von Hindenburg