Danh sách người Do Thái đoạt giải Nobel
Sinh lý và Y học

| Năm | Người nhận giải | Người nhận giải | Quốc gia | Cơ sở lý luận |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1908 |  | Élie Metchnikoff | Nga | "in recognition of their work on immunity" |
| 1908 |  | Paul Ehrlich | Đức | "in recognition of their work on immunity" |
| 1914 |  | Robert Bárány | Áo-Hungary | "for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus" |
| 1922 |  | Otto Fritz Meyerhof | Đức | "for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle" |
| 1930 |  | Karl Landsteiner | Áo | "for his discovery of human blood groups" |
| 1931 |  | Otto Heinrich Warburg | Đức | "for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme" |
| 1936 |  | Otto Loewi | Áo | "for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses" |
| 1944 |  | Joseph Erlanger | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres" |
| 1944 |  | Herbert Spencer Gasser | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres" |
| 1945 |  | Ernst Boris Chain | Anh | "for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases" |
| 1946 | Tập tin:Hermann Joseph Muller.jpg | Hermann Joseph Muller | Hoa Kỳ | "for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation" |
| 1947 |  | Gerty Cori | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen" |
| 1950 |  | Tadeusz Reichstein | Thuỵ Sĩ / Ba Lan | "for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects" |
| 1952 |  | Selman Waksman | Hoa Kỳ | "for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis" |
| 1953 |  | Hans Adolf Krebs | Anh | "for his discovery of the citric acid cycle" |
| 1953 |  | Fritz Albert Lipmann | Hoa Kỳ | "for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism" |
| 1958 |  | Joshua Lederberg | Hoa Kỳ | "for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of bacteria" |
| 1959 |  | Arthur Kornberg | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid và deoxyribonucleic acid" |
| 1964 |  | Konrad Emil Bloch | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol và fatty acid metabolism" |
| 1965 |  | François Jacob | Pháp | "for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme và virus synthesis" |
| 1965 |  | André Michel Lwoff | Pháp | "for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme và virus synthesis" |
| 1967 |  | George Wald | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye" |
| 1968 |  | Marshall Warren Nirenberg | Hoa Kỳ | "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis" |
| 1969 |  | Salvador Luria | Hoa Kỳ, Ý | "for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses" |
| 1970 |  | Julius Axelrod | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation" |
| 1970 |  | Bernard Katz | Anh | "for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation" |
| 1972 |  | Gerald Edelman | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies" |
| 1975 |  | David Baltimore | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell" |
| 1975 |  | Howard Martin Temin | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell" |
| 1976 |  | Baruch Samuel Blumberg | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases" |
| 1977 |  | Andrew Schally | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain" |
| 1977 |  | Rosalyn Sussman Yalow | Hoa Kỳ | "for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones" |
| 1978 |  | Daniel Nathans | Hoa Kỳ | "for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics" |

| 1980 |  | Baruj Benacerraf | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions" |
| 1984 |  | César Milstein | Argentina  | "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies" |
| 1985 |  | Michael Stuart Brown | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism" |
| 1985 |  | Joseph L. Goldstein | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism" |
| 1986 |  | Stanley Cohen | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries of growth factors" |
| 1986 |  | Rita Levi-Montalcini | Ý | "for their discoveries of growth factors" |
| 1988 |  | Gertrude B. Elion | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment" |
| 1989 |  | Harold E. Varmus | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes" |
| 1994 |  | Alfred G. Gilman | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells" |
| 1994 |  | Martin Rodbell | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells" |
| 1997 |  | Stanley B. Prusiner | Hoa Kỳ | "for his discovery of prions – a new biological principle of infection" |
| 1998 |  | Robert F. Furchgott | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning nitric oxit as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system" |
| 2000 |  | Paul Greengard | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system" |
| 2000 |  | Eric Kandel | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system" |
| 2002 |  | Sydney Brenner | Anh | "for their discoveries concerning 'genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'" |
| 2002 |  | H. Robert Horvitz | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning 'genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'" |
| 2004 |  | Richard Axel | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system" |
| 2006 |  | Andrew Fire | Hoa Kỳ | "for his discovery of RNA interference – gene silencing by double-stranded RNA" |
| 2011 |  | Ralph M. Steinman | Canada | for "his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity" |
| 2011 |  | Bruce Beutler | Hoa Kỳ | "for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity" |
| 2013 |  | James E. Rothman | Hoa Kỳ | for "their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells" |
| 2013 |  | Randy Schekman | Hoa Kỳ | for "their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells" |