Böcek uçuşu
Kaynakçalar

Camper, M.A., "An Insect’s Role in the Development of Micro Air Vehicles," Colorado State University, 2003.
Chapman, R.F. (1998) The Insects : Structure and Function. 4th Edition. Cambridge University Press.
Dickinson, MH; Lehmann, FO; Sane, SP (1999). "Wing rotation and the aerodynamic basis of insect flight". Science. 284 (5422). ss. 1954-60. doi:10.1126/science.284.5422.1954. PMID 10373107.
Ellington, Charles P.; Van Den Berg, Coen; Willmott, Alexander P.; Thomas, Adrian L. R. (1996). "Leading-edge vortices in insect flight". Nature. 384 (6610). ss. 626-630. Bibcode:1996Natur.384..626E. doi:10.1038/384626a0.
Ellington, C. P. (1984). "The Aerodynamics of Hovering Insect Flight. I. The Quasi-Steady Analysis". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 305 (1122). ss. 1-15. Bibcode:1984RSPTB.305....1E. doi:10.1098/rstb.1984.0049.
Ellington, CP (1999). "The novel aerodynamics of insect flight: Applications to micro-air vehicles" (PDF). The Journal of Experimental Biology. 202 (Pt 23). ss. 3439-48. PMID 10562527. 4 Mart 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Mayıs 2016.
Grasmeyer, J.M. and Keennon, M.T., "Development of the Black Widow Micro Air Vehicle," AIAA Paper No. 2001-0127, 2001.
Haj-Hariri, H., "Unsteady Aerodynamics of Flapping Wings," University of Virginia, 2001.
Lewin, G. C.; Haj-Hariri, H. (2003). "Modelling thrust generation of a two-dimensional heaving airfoil in a viscous flow". Journal of Fluid Mechanics. Cilt 492. ss. 339-362. Bibcode:2003JFM...492..339L. doi:10.1017/S0022112003005743.
Lighthill, M. J. (2006). "On the Weis-Fogh mechanism of lift generation". Journal of Fluid Mechanics. Cilt 60. s. 1. Bibcode:1973JFM....60....1L. doi:10.1017/S0022112073000017.
Platzer, Max F., Department Chairman, "Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity: Flapping-Wing Propulsion." Last revised 2005, Retrieved 1 November 2005, from https://web.archive.org/web/20051101200423/http://www.aa.nps.navy.mil/programs/aero/propulsion/
Polhamus, E.C., "A Concept of the Vortex Lift of Sharp-Edge Delta Wings Based on a Leading-Edge-Suction Analogy," Langley Research Center, 1966.
Pringle, J.W.S., "Insect flight," Oxford Biology Readers, Vol. 52, 1975.
Sane, SP (2003). "The aerodynamics of insect flight". The Journal of Experimental Biology. 206 (Pt 23). ss. 4191-208. doi:10.1242/jeb.00663. PMID 14581590.
Savage, S.B.; Newman, B.G.; Wong, D.T.M. (1979). "The role of vortices and unsteady effects during the hovering flight of dragon flies" (PDF). The Journal of Experimental Biology. 83 (1). ss. 59-77. 8 Ağustos 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Mayıs 2016.
Smyth, T., Jr. 1985. Muscle systems, pp. 227–286. In M.S. Blum [ed.], Fundamentals of insect physiology. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Sotavalta, O (1953). "Recordings of high wing-stroke and thoracic vibration frequency in some midges". Biol. Bull. Woods Hole. Cilt 104. ss. 439-444. doi:10.2307/1538496.
Van Den Berg, C.; Ellington, C. P. (1997). "The vortex wake of a 'hovering' model hawkmoth". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 352 (1351). ss. 317-328. doi:10.1098/rstb.1997.0023. PMC 1691928 $2.
Walker, J.A. (Eylül 2002). "Rotational lift: something difference or more of the same?" (PDF). The Journal of Experimental Biology. 205 (Pt 24). ss. 3783-3792. PMID 12432002. 8 Ağustos 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Mayıs 2016.
Walker, P.B., "Growth of circulation about a wing and an apparatus for measuring fluid motion," Reports and Mem., Aeronaut. Res. Com. no. 1402, 1931.
Zbikowski, R. (2002). "On aerodynamic modelling of an insect-like flapping wing in hover for micro air vehicles". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 360 (1791). ss. 273-290. Bibcode:2002RSPTA.360..273Z. doi:10.1098/rsta.2001.0930.
Direkt uçuş: Kaslar kanatlara eklenmiştir. Sadece büyük böcekler için
İlkin böcekleri, kız böcekleri  (Avustralya imparatorluğu yusufçuğu gibi) direkt uçuş kas sistemine sahiptir.
Endirekt uçuş: birçok böcekte göğüs kafesi salınımını kaslar yapar.
Gelişmiş böcekler, kelebekler dahil ve diğer böcekler çoğunlukla ,endirekt uçuş kas sistemlerine sahiptirler.

Frenulo-retinacular wing coupling in male and female moths
Arıya benzeyen sinekler (Xanthogramma pedissequum) endirekt uçuş kas sistemlerine sahiptirler.