Volkanik patlayıcılık indeksi
Sınıflandırma

İndeksler 0 ila 8 arasında değişirken, patlama ile ilişkili VPİ, volkanik maddenin ne kadar yüksekliğe, ne kadar uzun süre patlamasına bağlıdır. VPİ 2 ve üstü logaritmiktir; 1 endeksin artması 10 kat daha güçlü bir patlamaya işaret etmektedir. 1 ve 2 arasındaki VPİ tanımında bir süreksizlik vardır. Ejekta hacminin alt sınırı 10.000'den 1.000.000 m³'e 100 kat yükselirken, diğer tüm yüksek indeksler arasındaki faktör 10'dur. Aşağıdaki tabloda, her bir VPİ'nin sıklığı, o VPİ veya daha yüksek yeni patlamaların yaklaşık sıklığını göstermektedir.
| VPİ | Ejekta hacmi | Sınıflandırma> Örnekler | Açıklama> Örnekler | Bulut> Örnekler | Sıklık> Örnekler | Troposferik enjeksiyon> Örnekler | Stratosferik enjeksiyon> Örnekler |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | < 104 m3 | Hawaii | Coşkulu | < 100 m | sürekli | önemsiz | yok |
| 0 | < 104 m3 | Kīlauea (aktif), Mawson Peak (aktif), Dallol (2011), Holuhraun (2014-2015), Fagradalsfjall (2021-2023), Piton de la Fournaise (2022), Mauna Loa (1975, 1984, 2022) | Kīlauea (aktif), Mawson Peak (aktif), Dallol (2011), Holuhraun (2014-2015), Fagradalsfjall (2021-2023), Piton de la Fournaise (2022), Mauna Loa (1975, 1984, 2022) | Kīlauea (aktif), Mawson Peak (aktif), Dallol (2011), Holuhraun (2014-2015), Fagradalsfjall (2021-2023), Piton de la Fournaise (2022), Mauna Loa (1975, 1984, 2022) | Kīlauea (aktif), Mawson Peak (aktif), Dallol (2011), Holuhraun (2014-2015), Fagradalsfjall (2021-2023), Piton de la Fournaise (2022), Mauna Loa (1975, 1984, 2022) | Kīlauea (aktif), Mawson Peak (aktif), Dallol (2011), Holuhraun (2014-2015), Fagradalsfjall (2021-2023), Piton de la Fournaise (2022), Mauna Loa (1975, 1984, 2022) | Kīlauea (aktif), Mawson Peak (aktif), Dallol (2011), Holuhraun (2014-2015), Fagradalsfjall (2021-2023), Piton de la Fournaise (2022), Mauna Loa (1975, 1984, 2022) |
| 1 | > 104 m3 | Hawaii / Stromboliyen | Yumuşak | 100 m – 1 km | günlük | küçük | yok |
| 1 | > 104 m3 | Yakedake (1995), Raoul Adası (2006), Havre Deniz Dağı (2012), Dieng Yanardağ Kompleksi (1964, 1979, 2017), Nyiragongo (1977, 2002, 2021) | Yakedake (1995), Raoul Adası (2006), Havre Deniz Dağı (2012), Dieng Yanardağ Kompleksi (1964, 1979, 2017), Nyiragongo (1977, 2002, 2021) | Yakedake (1995), Raoul Adası (2006), Havre Deniz Dağı (2012), Dieng Yanardağ Kompleksi (1964, 1979, 2017), Nyiragongo (1977, 2002, 2021) | Yakedake (1995), Raoul Adası (2006), Havre Deniz Dağı (2012), Dieng Yanardağ Kompleksi (1964, 1979, 2017), Nyiragongo (1977, 2002, 2021) | Yakedake (1995), Raoul Adası (2006), Havre Deniz Dağı (2012), Dieng Yanardağ Kompleksi (1964, 1979, 2017), Nyiragongo (1977, 2002, 2021) | Yakedake (1995), Raoul Adası (2006), Havre Deniz Dağı (2012), Dieng Yanardağ Kompleksi (1964, 1979, 2017), Nyiragongo (1977, 2002, 2021) |
| 2 | > 106 m3 | Stromboliyen / Vulkaniyen | Patlayıcı | 1–5 km | 2 hafta | ılımlı | yok |
| 2 | > 106 m3 | Stromboli (1934'ten beri), Etna (aktif), Unzen (1792), Ruang (1871), Ritter Adası (1888), Galeras (1993), El Hierro (2011-2012), Whakaari / White Island (2019) | Stromboli (1934'ten beri), Etna (aktif), Unzen (1792), Ruang (1871), Ritter Adası (1888), Galeras (1993), El Hierro (2011-2012), Whakaari / White Island (2019) | Stromboli (1934'ten beri), Etna (aktif), Unzen (1792), Ruang (1871), Ritter Adası (1888), Galeras (1993), El Hierro (2011-2012), Whakaari / White Island (2019) | Stromboli (1934'ten beri), Etna (aktif), Unzen (1792), Ruang (1871), Ritter Adası (1888), Galeras (1993), El Hierro (2011-2012), Whakaari / White Island (2019) | Stromboli (1934'ten beri), Etna (aktif), Unzen (1792), Ruang (1871), Ritter Adası (1888), Galeras (1993), El Hierro (2011-2012), Whakaari / White Island (2019) | Stromboli (1934'ten beri), Etna (aktif), Unzen (1792), Ruang (1871), Ritter Adası (1888), Galeras (1993), El Hierro (2011-2012), Whakaari / White Island (2019) |
| 3 | > 107 m3 | Stromboliyen / Vulkaniyen / Pelé / Alt-Plinien | Sert | 3–15 km | 3 ay | büyük | olası |
| 3 | > 107 m3 | Surtsey (1963-1967), Nevado del Ruiz (1985), Redoubt Dağı (1989-1990), Soufrière Tepeleri (1997), Ontake (2014), Fuego (2018), Cumbre Vieja (2021) | Surtsey (1963-1967), Nevado del Ruiz (1985), Redoubt Dağı (1989-1990), Soufrière Tepeleri (1997), Ontake (2014), Fuego (2018), Cumbre Vieja (2021) | Surtsey (1963-1967), Nevado del Ruiz (1985), Redoubt Dağı (1989-1990), Soufrière Tepeleri (1997), Ontake (2014), Fuego (2018), Cumbre Vieja (2021) | Surtsey (1963-1967), Nevado del Ruiz (1985), Redoubt Dağı (1989-1990), Soufrière Tepeleri (1997), Ontake (2014), Fuego (2018), Cumbre Vieja (2021) | Surtsey (1963-1967), Nevado del Ruiz (1985), Redoubt Dağı (1989-1990), Soufrière Tepeleri (1997), Ontake (2014), Fuego (2018), Cumbre Vieja (2021) | Surtsey (1963-1967), Nevado del Ruiz (1985), Redoubt Dağı (1989-1990), Soufrière Tepeleri (1997), Ontake (2014), Fuego (2018), Cumbre Vieja (2021) |
| 4 | > 0.1 km3 | Pelé / Plinien / Alt-Plinien | Felaket | > 10 km | 18 ay | büyük | kesin |
| 4 | > 0.1 km3 | Laki (1783), Bandai Dağı (1888), Pelée Dağı (1902), Lamington Dağı (1951), Eyjafjallajökull (2010), Merapi Dağı (2010), Taal (2020), Semeru (2021) | Laki (1783), Bandai Dağı (1888), Pelée Dağı (1902), Lamington Dağı (1951), Eyjafjallajökull (2010), Merapi Dağı (2010), Taal (2020), Semeru (2021) | Laki (1783), Bandai Dağı (1888), Pelée Dağı (1902), Lamington Dağı (1951), Eyjafjallajökull (2010), Merapi Dağı (2010), Taal (2020), Semeru (2021) | Laki (1783), Bandai Dağı (1888), Pelée Dağı (1902), Lamington Dağı (1951), Eyjafjallajökull (2010), Merapi Dağı (2010), Taal (2020), Semeru (2021) | Laki (1783), Bandai Dağı (1888), Pelée Dağı (1902), Lamington Dağı (1951), Eyjafjallajökull (2010), Merapi Dağı (2010), Taal (2020), Semeru (2021) | Laki (1783), Bandai Dağı (1888), Pelée Dağı (1902), Lamington Dağı (1951), Eyjafjallajökull (2010), Merapi Dağı (2010), Taal (2020), Semeru (2021) |
| 5 | > 1 km3 | Pelé / Plinien | Felaket | > 10 km | 12 yıl | büyük | büyük |
| 5 | > 1 km3 | Vezüv (79), Fuji Dağı (1707), Tarawera Dağı (1886), Agung Dağı (1963), St. Helens (1980), El Chichón (1982), Puyehue (2011), Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (2022) | Vezüv (79), Fuji Dağı (1707), Tarawera Dağı (1886), Agung Dağı (1963), St. Helens (1980), El Chichón (1982), Puyehue (2011), Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (2022) | Vezüv (79), Fuji Dağı (1707), Tarawera Dağı (1886), Agung Dağı (1963), St. Helens (1980), El Chichón (1982), Puyehue (2011), Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (2022) | Vezüv (79), Fuji Dağı (1707), Tarawera Dağı (1886), Agung Dağı (1963), St. Helens (1980), El Chichón (1982), Puyehue (2011), Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (2022) | Vezüv (79), Fuji Dağı (1707), Tarawera Dağı (1886), Agung Dağı (1963), St. Helens (1980), El Chichón (1982), Puyehue (2011), Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (2022) | Vezüv (79), Fuji Dağı (1707), Tarawera Dağı (1886), Agung Dağı (1963), St. Helens (1980), El Chichón (1982), Puyehue (2011), Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai (2022) |
| 6 | > 10 km3 | Plinien / Ultra-Plinien | Devasa | > 20 km | 50–100 yıl | büyük | büyük |
| 6 | > 10 km3 | Santorini (MÖ 1620), Ilopango Gölü (450), Huaynaputina (1600), Krakatoa (1883), Santa Maria (1902), Novarupta (1912), Pinatubo Yanardağı (1991) | Santorini (MÖ 1620), Ilopango Gölü (450), Huaynaputina (1600), Krakatoa (1883), Santa Maria (1902), Novarupta (1912), Pinatubo Yanardağı (1991) | Santorini (MÖ 1620), Ilopango Gölü (450), Huaynaputina (1600), Krakatoa (1883), Santa Maria (1902), Novarupta (1912), Pinatubo Yanardağı (1991) | Santorini (MÖ 1620), Ilopango Gölü (450), Huaynaputina (1600), Krakatoa (1883), Santa Maria (1902), Novarupta (1912), Pinatubo Yanardağı (1991) | Santorini (MÖ 1620), Ilopango Gölü (450), Huaynaputina (1600), Krakatoa (1883), Santa Maria (1902), Novarupta (1912), Pinatubo Yanardağı (1991) | Santorini (MÖ 1620), Ilopango Gölü (450), Huaynaputina (1600), Krakatoa (1883), Santa Maria (1902), Novarupta (1912), Pinatubo Yanardağı (1991) |
| 7 | > 100 km3 | Ultra-Plinien | Süper devasa | > 20 km | 500–1,000 yıl | büyük | büyük |
| 7 | > 100 km3 | Long Valley (760 kyr), Campi Flegrei (37 kyr), Aira (22 kyr), Mazama (MÖ 5700), Kikai (MÖ 4300), Samalas (1257), Tambora (1815) | Long Valley (760 kyr), Campi Flegrei (37 kyr), Aira (22 kyr), Mazama (MÖ 5700), Kikai (MÖ 4300), Samalas (1257), Tambora (1815) | Long Valley (760 kyr), Campi Flegrei (37 kyr), Aira (22 kyr), Mazama (MÖ 5700), Kikai (MÖ 4300), Samalas (1257), Tambora (1815) | Long Valley (760 kyr), Campi Flegrei (37 kyr), Aira (22 kyr), Mazama (MÖ 5700), Kikai (MÖ 4300), Samalas (1257), Tambora (1815) | Long Valley (760 kyr), Campi Flegrei (37 kyr), Aira (22 kyr), Mazama (MÖ 5700), Kikai (MÖ 4300), Samalas (1257), Tambora (1815) | Long Valley (760 kyr), Campi Flegrei (37 kyr), Aira (22 kyr), Mazama (MÖ 5700), Kikai (MÖ 4300), Samalas (1257), Tambora (1815) |
| 8 | > 1,000 km3 | Ultra-Plinien | Mega devasa | > 20 km | > 50,000 yıl | çok büyük | çok büyük |
| 8 | > 1,000 km3 | Flat Landing Brook (Ordovician), Wah Wah Springs (30 Mya), La Garita (26.3 Mya), Yellowstone (2.1 Mya, 640 kyr), Toba (74 kyr), Taupō (26.5 kyr) | Flat Landing Brook (Ordovician), Wah Wah Springs (30 Mya), La Garita (26.3 Mya), Yellowstone (2.1 Mya, 640 kyr), Toba (74 kyr), Taupō (26.5 kyr) | Flat Landing Brook (Ordovician), Wah Wah Springs (30 Mya), La Garita (26.3 Mya), Yellowstone (2.1 Mya, 640 kyr), Toba (74 kyr), Taupō (26.5 kyr) | Flat Landing Brook (Ordovician), Wah Wah Springs (30 Mya), La Garita (26.3 Mya), Yellowstone (2.1 Mya, 640 kyr), Toba (74 kyr), Taupō (26.5 kyr) | Flat Landing Brook (Ordovician), Wah Wah Springs (30 Mya), La Garita (26.3 Mya), Yellowstone (2.1 Mya, 640 kyr), Toba (74 kyr), Taupō (26.5 kyr) | Flat Landing Brook (Ordovician), Wah Wah Springs (30 Mya), La Garita (26.3 Mya), Yellowstone (2.1 Mya, 640 kyr), Toba (74 kyr), Taupō (26.5 kyr) |