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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21  Koukopoulos, A (January 2003). "Ewald Hecker's description of cyclothymia as a cyclical mood disorder: its relevance to the modern concept of bipolar II". Journal of Affective Disorders. 73 (1–2): 199–205. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00326-9. PMID 12507752.
1 2  "Cyclothymia". nhs.uk. 2017-10-18. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2019-06-29. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2018-05-20.
1 2 3 4 5 6  DSM-5 (2013)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  Perugi, G; Hantouche, E; Vannucchi, G (April 2017). "Diagnosis and Treatment of Cyclothymia: The "Primacy" of Temperament". Current Neuropharmacology. 15 (3): 372–379. doi:10.2174/1570159X14666160616120157. PMC 5405616. PMID 28503108.
1 2 3  DSM-5 (2013), Prevalence, p. 140 "The lifetime prevalence of cyclothymic disorder is approximately 0.4%-1%. Prevalence in mood disorders clinics may range from 3% to 5%."
↑  "cy·clo·thy·mic", Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary (11th ed.), Springfield, Massachusetts, USA: Merriam-Webster, Inc., 2003, Pronunciation: ˌsī-klə-'thī-mik ... -cy·clo·thy·mia \-'thī-mē-ə\ noun
1 2  DSM-5 (2013), Diagnostic Criteria, p. 139 "A. For at least 2 years (at least 1 year in children and adolescents) there have been numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms that do not meet criteria for a hypomanic episode and numerous periods with depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a major depressive episode"
↑  DSM-5 (2013), Diagnostic Criteria, p. 139 "C. Criteria for a major depressive, manic, or hypomanic episode have never been met."
↑  DSM-5 (2013), Development and Course, pp. 140-141
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20  Perugi, G; Hantouche, E; Vannucchi, G; Pinto, O (2015-09-01). "Cyclothymia reloaded: A reappraisal of the most misconceived affective disorder". Journal of Affective Disorders. 183: 119–33. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.004. PMID 26005206.
↑  Nierenberg, AA; Kansky, C; Brennan, BP; Shelton, RC; Perlis, R; Iosifescu, DV (January 2013). "Mitochondrial modulators for bipolar disorder: a pathophysiologically informed paradigm for new drug development". Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 47 (1): 26–42. doi:10.1177/0004867412449303. PMID 22711881.
↑  Kerner, B (February 2014). "Genetics of bipolar disorder". Appl Clin Genet. 7: 33–42. doi:10.2147/tacg.s39297. PMC 3966627. PMID 24683306.
↑  Edvardsen, J; Torgersen, S; Røysamb, E; Lygren, S; Skre, I; Onstad, S; Oien, PA (2008). "Heritability of bipolar spectrum disorders. Unity or heterogeneity?". Journal of Affective Disorders. 106 (3): 229–240. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.07.001. PMID 17692389.
↑  DSM-5 (2013), Risk and Prognostic Factors, p. 141
↑  DSM-5 (2013), Diagnostic Criteria, pp. 139-140
↑  Kaplan & Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry (2017), 13.1 Mood Disorders: Historical Introduction and Conceptual Overview => Dysthymia and Cyclothymia. "It is not always easy to demarcate full-blown syndromal episodes of depression and mania from their subthreshold counterparts commonly observed during the interepisodic periods. The subthreshold conditions appear to be fertile terrain for interpersonal conflicts and postaffective pathological character developments that may ravage the lives of patients and their families. In North America and some Western European countries many such patients end up being labeled with borderline personality disorder, which, unfortunately, often tends to obscure the affective origin of the presenting psychopathology."
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Commentary on Hecker and his work: Baethge, C; Salvatore, P; Baldessarini, RJ (September 2003). "Cyclothymia, a circular mood disorder". History of Psychiatry. 14 (55 Pt 3): 377–390. doi:10.1177/0957154X030143008. PMID 14621693.
New translation of Hecker's 1898 paper: Hecker, Ewald; Salvatore, P; Baldessarini, R. J. (September 2003). "Classic Text No 55: Cyclothymia, a Circular Mood Disorder by Hecker, 1898". History of Psychiatry. 14 (55 Pt 3): 391–399. doi:10.1177/0957154X030143008. PMID 14621693.
↑  Parker, G; McCraw, S; Fletcher, K (June 2012). "Cyclothymia". Depression and Anxiety. 29 (6): 487–94. doi:10.1002/da.21950. PMID 22553122.
↑  Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert. "κύκλος". A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2019-06-29.
↑  Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert. "θυμός". A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2019-06-29.
1 2  Danner, Stephanie; Fristad, Mary A; Arnold, L Eugene; Youngstrom, Eric A; Birmaher, Boris; Horwitz, Sarah M; Demeter, Christine; Findling, Robert L; Kowatch, Robert A (2009). "Early-Onset Bipolar Spectrum Disorders: Diagnostic Issues". Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review. 12 (3): 271–93. doi:10.1007/s10567-009-0055-2. PMC 3575107. PMID 19466543.
↑  Sass, H.; Juneman, K. (2003). "Affective disorders, personality and personality disorders". Acta Psychiatr Scand. 108 (418): 34–40. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.108.s418.8.x. PMID 12956812.
↑  Avenevoli, Shelli (2009). "Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents: New Data to Inform Classification". NIMH (ภาษาอังกฤษ). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2018-04-27. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2018-04-26.