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เชิงอรรถและอ้างอิง

↑  "WHAT IS CANOLA?". Canola Council of Canada. Canola Council of Canada. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2017-06-18. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2017-08-18. Seeds of the genus Brassica (Brassica napus, Brassica rapa or Brassica juncea) from which the oil shall contain less than 2% erucic acid in its fatty acid profile and the solid component shall contain less than 30 micromoles of any one or any mixture of 3-butenyl glucosinolate, 4-pentenyl glucosinolate, 2-hydroxy-3 butenyl glucosinolate, and 2-hydroxy- 4-pentenyl glucosinolate per gram of air-dry, oil-free solid.
↑  Snowdon, R; et al (2007), p. 55
↑  Snowdon, R (2007). "2".  ใน Kole, Chittaranjan (บ.ก.). Genome Mapping and Molecular Breeding in Plants: OIlseeds. Oilseed Rape. Springer.
↑  
"Richard Keith Downey: Genetics". science.ca. 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-12-29.
↑  Storgaard, AK (2008). "Stefansson, Baldur Rosmund". The Canadian Encyclopedia. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2009-06-07. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-12-29.
↑  Barthet, V. "Canola". The Canadian Encyclopedia. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2014-02-27. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-12-29.
↑  
Wrigley, Colin W; Corke, Harold; Seetharaman, Koushik; Faubion, Jonathan (2015-12-17). Encyclopedia of Food Grains; page 238. Academic Press. ISBN 978-1785397622.
↑  
Canola Council of Canada (2016). "What is Canola?". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-10-16.
↑  Beckie, Hugh (Autumn 2011). "GM Canola: The Canadian Experience" (PDF). Farm Policy Journal. 8 (8). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2018-08-31.
↑  Johnson, Stanley R (February 2008). "Quantification of the Impacts on US Agriculture of Biotechnology-Derived Crops Planted in 2006" (PDF). Washington DC: National Center for Food and Agricultural Policy. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2018-08-31. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2010-08-12.
↑  Gilbert, Natasha (2010). "GM crop escapes into the American wild". Nature. doi:10.1038/news.2010.393. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2018-10-29. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-08-24.
↑  "Biotech Canola - Annual Update 2011" (PDF). International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2013-05-30. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2013-05-26.
1 2 3  "Rapeseed oil production, 2014; Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity; unofficial data (pick lists)". UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT). 2017. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2018-08-13.
↑  "ICE Futures: Canola". Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. 2017. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2017-09-04.
↑  "Genetically Modified Canola". Eurofins Scientific. 2014-01-31. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2018-06-20.
↑  "GM canola gets the green light". Sydney Morning Herald. 2003-04-01. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-10-20.
↑
Price, Libby (2005-09-06). "Network of concerned farmers demands tests from Bayer". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-10-10.
"Greenpeace has the last laugh on genetic grains talks". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 2003-03-13. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-10-20.
Cauchi, Stephen (2003-10-25). "GM: food for thought". The Age. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-10-20.
↑  
"GM Crops and Stockfeed" (PDF). Office of the Gene Technology Regulator. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2009-06-03.
↑  
"GM Carnations in Australia" (PDF). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2012-05-08.
↑  Hartley, Matt (2008-03-20). "Grain Farmer Claims Moral Victory in Seed Battle Against Monsanto". Globe and Mail. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2014-02-02. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-05-14.
↑  "Canola". USDA Economic Research Service. 2012-10-10. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2018-08-31.
1 2 3  "Steps in Oil and Meal Processing". Canola Council of Canada. 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-04-30.
↑  Crosby, Guy (2017). "Ask the Expert: Concerns about canola oil". The Nutrition Source: Harvard University School of Public Health. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2018-11-09. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2017-04-23.
↑  "Section 3.1: Leaking Tank Experiments with Orimulsion and Canola Oil" (PDF). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OR&R 6. Ocean Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. December 2001.
1 2  "What is canola oil?". Canola Council of Canada. 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-04-30.
↑  Ash, M (2016-03-15). "Soybeans & Oil Crops". US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2014-12-24. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-04-30.
↑  
"Canola Oil Myths and Truths". Berkeley Wellness, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley. 2015-02-17. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2017-04-23.
↑  
Allen, Gary J; Albala, Ken, บ.ก. (2007). The Business of Food: Encyclopedia of the Food and Drink Industries. ABC-CLIO. pp. 288. ISBN 978-0-313-33725-3.
1 2 3 4  "Comparison of Dietary Fats Chart" (PDF). Canola Council of Canada. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2006-09-23. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-09-03.
1 2 3  USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 21 (2008)
↑  DeFilippis, Andrew P.; Laurence S. Sperling. "Understanding omega-3's" (PDF). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2007-10-22.
↑  USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 22 (2009)
1 2  J. Barthet, Véronique J. (2015). "Quality of western Canadian Canola 2015" (PDF) (Press release). Canadian Grain Research Laboratory: Canadian Grain Commission. ISSN 1700-2222. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2018-12-19. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-12-21.
1 2  D.E., Seberry; D.W., McCaffery; T.M., Kingham (2016). "Quality of Australian canola 2015-16" (PDF) (Press release). Australia: NSW Department of Primary Industries - Australian Oilseeds Federation. ISSN 1322-9397. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2023-05-08. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-12-21.
1 2  Heidy Aguilera Fuentes, Paula; Jose Ogliaria, Paulo; Carlos Deschamps, Francisco; Barrera Arellano, Daniel; Mara Block, Jane (2011). "Centro de Ciências Agrárias" [Agricultural Science Center]. Avaliação da Qualidade de Óleos de Soja, Canola, Milho e Girassol Durante o Armazenamento (PDF) (วิทยานิพนธ์) (ภาษาโปรตุเกส). Florianópolis, Brazil: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. OCLC 817268651. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-12-21.
↑  
Dupont, J; White, PJ; Johnston, HA; McDonald, BE; Grundy, SM; Bonanome, A (October 1989). "Food safety and health effects of canola oil". Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 8 (5): 360–375. doi:10.1080/07315724.1989.10720311. PMID 2691543.
1 2  
Zeratsky, Katherine (2009). "Canola Oil: Does it Contain Toxins?". Mayo Clinic. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-08-10.
1 2  Lin, L; Allemekinders, H; Dansby, A; Campbell, L; Durance-Tod, S; Berger, A; Jones, PJ (2013). "Evidence of health benefits of canola oil". Nutr. Rev. 71 (6): 370–85. doi:10.1111/nure.12033. PMC 3746113. PMID 23731447.
↑  
Ghafoorunissa (1996). "Fats in Indian Diets and Their Nutritional and health Implications". Lipids. 31 (1): S287–S291. doi:10.1007/BF02637093. PMID 8729136.
↑  
Shenolikar, I (1980). "Fatty Acid Profile of Myocardial Lipid in Populations Consuming Different Dietary Fats". Lipids. 15 (11): 980–982. doi:10.1007/BF02534427.
↑  
Bellenand, JF; Baloutch, G; Ong, N; Lecerf, J (1980). "Effects of Coconut Oil on Heart Lipids and on Fatty Acid Utilization in Rapeseed Oil". Lipids. 15 (11): 938–943. doi:10.1007/BF02534418.
↑  
Achaya, KT (1987). "Fat Status of Indians - A Review". Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research. 46 (3): 112–126.
↑  
Indu, M; Ghafoorunissa (1992). "n-3 Fatty Acids in Indian Diets - Comparison of the Effects of Precursor (Alpha-Linolenic Acid) vs Product (Long chain n-3 Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids)". Nutrition Research. 12 (4–5): 569–582. doi:10.1016/S0271-5317(05)80027-2.
↑  Schneeman, BO (2006-10-06). "Qualified Health Claims, Letter of Enforcement Discretion U.S. Food and Drug Administration: Unsaturated Fatty Acids from Canola Oil and Reduced Risk of Coronary Heart Disease". US Food and Drug Administration. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-09-03. Limited and not conclusive scientific evidence suggests that eating about 1 ½ tablespoons (19 grams) of canola oil daily may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease due to the unsaturated fat content in canola oil. To achieve this possible benefit, canola oil is to replace a similar amount of saturated fat and not increase the total number of calories you eat in a day. One serving of this product contains [x] grams of canola oil.
↑  Rajaram, S (2014). "Health benefits of plant-derived α-linolenic acid". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 100 Suppl 1: 443S–8S. doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.071514. PMID 24898228.
↑  "Protect Your Heart: Choose Fats Wisely" (PDF). American Diabetes Association. 2004. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2008-09-12. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-09-03.
↑  Sahasrabudhe, M. R. (1977). "Crismer values and erucic acid contents of rapeseed oils". Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 54 (8): 323–324. doi:10.1007/BF02672436.
1 2  "CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21". U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. 2010-04-01. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2018-05-21.
↑  
"Erucic acid in food: A Toxicological Review and Risk Assessment; Technical report series No. 21" (PDF). Food Standards Australia New Zealand. June 2003. p. 4, paragraph 1. ISSN 1448-3017. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2018-11-23.
1 2  
Luger, CL (2014). "14".  ใน Hayes, Wallace; Kruger, Claire L (บ.ก.). Food Safety and Foodborne Toxicants. Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology (6th ed.). CRC Press. pp. 646–657. In humans. however. although the long-term use of Lorenzo's oil (oleic acid and erucic acid) in the treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy or adrenomyeloneuropathy leads to thrombocytopenia and lymphopenia (Unkrig et al. 1994), adverse effects from dietary consumption of erucic acid have not been reported.
↑  Reddy, Chada S.; Hayes, A. Wallace (2007). "Foodborne Toxicants".  ใน Hayes, A. Wallace (บ.ก.). Principles and methods of toxicology (5th ed.). London, UK: Informa Healthcare. p. 640. ISBN 978-0-8493-3778-9.
↑  D.R., DeClercq; J.K., Daun; K.H., Tipples (1997). "Quality of Western Canadian Canola 1997" (PDF) (Press release). Canadian Grain Research Laboratory: Canadian Grain Commission. ISSN 0836-1657. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2018-12-25. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-12-21.
1 2 3  "US National Nutrient Database, Release 28". United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. All values in this column are from the USDA Nutrient database unless otherwise cited.
↑  "Fats and fatty acids contents per 100 g (click for "more details") example: avocado oil; user can search for other oils". Nutritiondata.com, Conde Nast for the USDA National Nutrient Database, Standard Release 21. 2014. สืบค้นเมื่อ 7 September 2017. Values from Nutritiondata.com (SR 21) may need to be reconciled with most recent release from the USDA SR 28 as of Sept 2017.
↑  "Avocado oil, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  What is unrefined, extra virgin cold-pressed avocado oil?, The American Oil Chemists’ Society
↑  "Canola oil, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
1 2 3 4  Katragadda, H. R.; Fullana, A. S.; Sidhu, S.; Carbonell-Barrachina, Á. A. (2010). "Emissions of volatile aldehydes from heated cooking oils". Food Chemistry. 120: 59. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.070.
↑  "Coconut oil, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Corn oil, industrial and retail, all purpose salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
1 2 3 4 5 6  Wolke, Robert L. (16 May 2007). "Where There's Smoke, There's a Fryer". The Washington Post. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2011.
↑  "Cottonseed oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Linseed/Flaxseed oil, cold pressed, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  Garavaglia J, Markoski MM, Oliveira A, Marcadenti A (2016). "Grape Seed Oil Compounds: Biological and Chemical Actions for Health". Nutr Metab Insights. 9: 59–64. doi:10.4137/NMI.S32910. PMC 4988453. PMID 27559299.
↑  "Efficacy of dietary hempseed oil in patients with atopic dermatitis". Journal of Dermatological Treatment. 2005. สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 October 2017.
↑  https://www.veghealth.com/nutrition-tables/Smoke-Points-of-Oils-table.pdf
↑  "Olive oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Palm oil,  fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Oil, peanut". FoodData Central. usda.gov.
↑  "Safflower oil, salad or cooking, high oleic, primary commerce, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Soybean oil, salad or cooking, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Sunflower oil, 65% linoleic, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 15 November 2018.
↑  "Sunflower oil, less than 60% of total fats as linoleic acid, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Sunflower oil, high oleic - 70% or more as oleic acid, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Cottonseed oil, industrial, fully hydrogenated, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Palm oil, industrial, fully hydrogenated, filling fat, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.
↑  "Soybean oil, salad or cooking, (partially hydrogenated), fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 September 2017.