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1 2  Allin, EF (December 1975). "Evolution of the mammalian middle ear". Journal of Morphology. 147 (4): 403–437. doi:10.1002/jmor.1051470404. PMID 1202224.
↑  Meier & Ruf 2016, p 270, Introduction harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMeierRuf2016 (help) "The study of the mammalian middle ear has been one of the central themes of vertebrate morphological research of the last 200 years"
↑  Bowler, Peter J. (1996). "Chapter 6: The Origin of Birds and Mammals". Life's splendid drama: evolutionary biology and the reconstruction of life's ancestry, 1860-1940. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-06921-4.
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Janvier, Philippe (2002). Early vertebrates. Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, 33. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-19-852646-9.
↑  Zimmer, Carl (15 October 2008). "The Shoulder Bone's Connected to the Ear Bone…". The Loom Blog, Discover magazine. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 17 October 2008. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2017-06-07.{{cite web}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
↑  Maier, Wolfgang; Ruf, Irina (February 2016). "Evolution of the mammalian middle ear: a historical review". Journal of Anatomy. 228 (2). p 272, The Reichert-Gaupp theory. doi:10.1111/joa.12379. PMC 4718169. PMID 26397963.
↑  Gaupp, Ernst. "Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte und vergleichen Morphologie des Schädels von Echidna aculeata var. ehenden typical" [On the developmental history and comparative morphology of the skull of Echidna aculeata var. typical]. Richard Semon Fortschungsreisen (ภาษาเยอรมัน). 3: 539–788.
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Takechi, Masaki; Kuratani, Shigeru (2010). "History of Studies on Mammalian Middle Ear Evolution: A Comparative Morphological and Developmental Biology Perspective". Journal of Experimental Zoology: Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution. 314B (6): 417–433. doi:10.1002/jez.b.21347.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
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Appel, Toby A (1987). The Cuvier-Geoffroy Debate: French Biology in the Decades before Darwin. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 206-207. ISBN 0-19-504138-0.
↑  Gilbert, Scott F. (2003). Developmental biology (7th ed.). Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates. p. 435. ISBN 0-87893-258-5.
↑ Novacek, MJ (1993). The Skull . Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 438–545. ISBN 0-226-31568-1. {{cite book}} : ไม่รู้จักพารามิเตอร์ | editors= ถูกละเว้น แนะนำ (| editor= ) (help) Novacek references these early works:
Meckel, Johann Friedrich (1820). Handbuch der Menschlichen Anatomie [Handbook of Human Anatomy] (ภาษาเยอรมัน). Halle.
Reichert, KB (1837). "Ueber die Visceralbogen der Wirbelthiere im Allegemeinen und deren Metamorphosen bei den Vögln und Säugethieren" [On the visceral arches of the vertebrates in general and their metamorphoses among the birds and mammals]. Archiv für Anatomie, Physiologie, und wissenschaftliche Medizin (ภาษาเยอรมัน). Leipzig: 120–122.
Gaupp, E (1913). "Die Reichertsche Theorie (Hammer-, Amboss- und Kieferfrage)" [The Reichert theory (question of the hammer, anvil and stirrup)]. Archiv für Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte (ภาษาเยอรมัน): 1–416.
↑  Goodrich, ES (1958) [1934]. Studies on the Structure and Development of Vertebrates. Dover. p. 474.
↑  Crompton, AW; Jenkins, FA, Jr (1973). "Mammals from Reptiles: A Review of Mammalian Origins". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 1: 131–155. doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.01.050173.001023.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (ลิงก์)
↑  Kühne, Walter Georg (1958). "Rhaetische Triconodonten aus Glamorgan, ihre Stellung zwischen den Klassen Reptilia und Mammalia und ihre Bedeutung für die REICHART'sche Theorie" [Rhaetic triconodonts from Glamorgen, their place between the Reptilia and Mammalia classes and their meaning for the Reichart theory]. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift (ภาษาเยอรมัน). 32 (3/4): 197–235. doi:10.1007/BF02989032.
↑  Mallo, M (March 2001). "Formation of the middle ear: recent progress on the developmental and molecular mechanisms". Developmental Biology. 231 (2): 410–419. doi:10.1006/dbio.2001.0154. PMID 11237469.
↑  Raff, RA (December 2007). "Written in stone: fossils, genes and evo-devo". Nature Reviews Genetics. 8 (12): 911–920. doi:10.1038/nrg2225. PMID 18007648.
↑  Wilson, J; Tucker, AS (February 2004). "Fgf and Bmp signals repress the expression of Bapx1 in the mandibular mesenchyme and control the position of the developing jaw joint". Developmental Biology. 266 (1): 138–150. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.10.012. PMID 14729484.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
↑  Tucker, AS; Watson, RP; Lettice, LA; Yamada, G; Hill, RE (March 2004). "Bapx1 regulates patterning in the middle ear: altered regulatory role in the transition from the proximal jaw during vertebrate evolution". Development. 131 (6): 1235–1245. doi:10.1242/dev.01017. PMID 14973294.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
↑  A survey of the genes involved in the development of the vertebrate middle ear is given in
Chapman, Susan Caroline (2011-01-01). "Can you hear me now? Understanding vertebrate middle ear development". Frontiers in Bioscience. 16 (2): 1675–1693. doi:10.2741/3813. PMID 21196256.
↑  Sienknecht, UJ (July 2013). "Developmental origin and fate of middle ear structures". Hearing Research. 301 (MEMRO [Middle Ear Mechanics in Research and Otology, international symposium for the year] 2012 - Middle-Ear Bridge between Science and Otology): 19–26. doi:10.1016/j.heares.2013.01.019.
↑  Masali, M (October 1992). "The ear ossicles and the evolution of the primate ear: A biomechanical approach". Human Evolution. Springer Netherlands. 7 (4): 1–5. doi:10.1007/BF02436407.
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White, T. "Unit 430: Mammalia: Overview". PALAEOS: The Trace of Life on Earth. palaeos.com. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 15 June 2008. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-07-21.
1 2 3  
Cowen, Richard (2000). History of life. Oxford: Blackwell Science. p. 432. ISBN 0-632-04444-6.
↑  White, T. "Amniota". PALAEOS: The Trace of Life on Earth. palaeos.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-07-21.
↑  White, T. "Synapsida: Varanopseidae". PALAEOS: The Trace of Life on Earth. palaeos.com. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 11 May 2008. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-07-21.
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Laurin, M (January–March 1998). "The importance of global parsimony and historical bias in understanding tetrapod evolution. Part I. Systematics, middle ear evolution and jaw suspension". Annales des Sciences Naturelles - Zoologie et Biologie Animale. 19 (1): 1–42. doi:10.1016/S0003-4339(98)80132-9.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: date format (ลิงก์)
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Laurin, M. "Hearing in Stegocephalians". Tree of Life. Tree of Life Project. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-07-21.
↑  Müller, J; Tsuji, LA (2007).  Clack, Jenny (บ.ก.). "Impedance-matching hearing in Paleozoic reptiles: evidence of advanced sensory perception at an early stage of amniote evolution". PLoS ONE. 2 (9): e889. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000889. PMC 1964539. PMID 17849018.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (ลิงก์)
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Fay, Richard R.; Manley, Geoffrey A.; Popper, Arthur N. (2004). Evolution of the vertebrate auditory system. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 0-387-21089-X.
1 2 3  
Luo, ZX (December 2007). "Transformation and diversification in early mammal evolution" (PDF). Nature. 450 (7172): 1011–1019. doi:10.1038/nature06277. PMID 18075580. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 27 November 2012.
1 2  Sidor, CA (July 2001). "Simplification as a trend in synapsid cranial evolution". Evolution. 55 (7): 1419–42. doi:10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[1419:saatis]2.0.co;2. PMID 11525465.
↑  Benton, Michael J (1990). Vertebrate Palaeontology: Biology and evolution. Unwin Hyman. pp. 229. ISBN 0-04-566001-8.{{cite book}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
1 2  Colbert, Edward H; Morales, Michael (1991). Evolution of the Vertebrates: A History of the Backboned Animals Through Time (4th ed.). Wiley-Liss. pp. 228. ISBN 0-471-85074-8.{{cite book}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
↑  Kermack, KA; Mussett, F; Rigney, HW (January 1981). "The skull of Morganucodon". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 71 (1): 1–158. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1981.tb01127.x.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
↑  White, T. "Mammaliformes". PALAEOS: The Trace of Life on Earth. palaeos.com. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 4 June 2008. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-07-21.
↑  White, T. "Symmetrodonta". PALAEOS: The Trace of Life on Earth. palaeos.com. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 3 July 2008. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-07-21.
↑  Rich, TH; Hopson, JA; Musser, AM; Flannery, TF; Vickers-Rich, P (February 2005). "Independent origins of middle ear bones in monotremes and therians". Science. 307 (5711): 910–914. doi:10.1126/science.1105717. PMID 15705848.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
↑  Rowe, T; Rich, TH; Vickers-Rich, P; Springer, M; Woodburne, MO (January 2008). "The oldest platypus and its bearing on divergence timing of the platypus and echidna clades". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (4): 1238–1242. doi:10.1073/pnas.0706385105. PMC 2234122. PMID 18216270.{{cite journal}}:  CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
↑  Myers, PZ (16 March 2007). "Yanoconodon, a transitional fossil". Pharyngula: Evolution, development, and random biological ejaculations from a godless liberal.
↑  Ramíres-Chaves, Héctor E.; Weisbecker, Vera; Wroe, Stephen; Phillips, Matthew J. (2016). "Resolving the evolution of the mammalian middle ear using Baysian inference". Frontiers in Zoology. 13 (39). doi:10.1186/s12983-016-0171-z.
↑  Lombard, RE; Hetherington, TE (1993). "Structural Basis of Hearing and Sound Transmission". The Skull (volume 3 ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 241-302. ISBN 0-226-31571-1. {{cite book}}: ไม่รู้จักพารามิเตอร์ |editors= ถูกละเว้น แนะนำ (|editor=) (help)CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (ลิงก์)
↑  Köppl, C (11 August 2009). "Evolution of sound localization in land vertebrates". Current Biology. 19 (15): R635–R639. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.05.035. PMID 19674542.
↑  Cuffey, CA. "References". The Fossil Record: Evolution or "Scientific Creation". GCSSEPM Foundation. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 21 May 2008. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-07-21.
↑  Manley, Geoffrey A (2012). "Evolutionary Paths to Mammalian Cochleae". JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology. 13 (6): 733–743. doi:10.1007/s10162-012-0349-9.[ลิงก์เสีย]
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Urban, Daniel J.; Anthwal, Neal; Luo, Zhe-Xi; Maier, Jennifer A.; Sadier, Alexa; Tucker, Abigail S. (2017). "A new developmental mechanism for the separation of the mammalian middle ear ossicles from the jaw". Proceeding of the Royal Society B. 284 (1848). doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.2416.
↑  Luo, Zhe-Xi (2011). "Developmental Patterns in Mesozoic Evolution of Mammal Ears". Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 42: 355–380. doi:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-032511-142302.
↑  Biello, D (14 March 2007). "From Jaw to Ear: Transition Fossil Reveals Ear Evolution in Action". Scientific American. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-06-17. Now hear this: early mammal fossil shows how sensitive ear bones evolved