인도유럽어족 어휘
참조주

↑  Zair, Nicholas. The Reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European Laryngeals in Celtic. Leiden, the Netherlands: Brill. 2012. p. 110. ISBN 978-90-04-22539-8
↑  Campbell, George L. with King, Gareth. Compendium of the World's Languages. Routledge. 2013. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-415-62191-5
↑  Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz. "Gaulish SUIOREBE ‘with two sisters’". In: Lingua Posnaniensis. LVII (2). 2015. pp. 59-62. DOI: 10.1515/linpo-2015-0011
↑  Kloekhorst, Alwin. "The accentuation of the PIE word for ‘daughter’". In: Accent Matters. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill|Rodopi, 2011. pp. 235–243. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789401200325_009
↑  Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia de. "Celtic ‘son’, ‘daughter’, other descendants, and *sunus in Early Celtic". In: Indogermanische Forschungen 118, 2013 (2013): 259-298, doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/indo.2013.118.2013.259
↑  Stifter, David (2006). "Contributions to Celtiberian Etymology II". In: Palaeohispanica: revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania Antigua, 6. pp. 238. ISSN 1578-5386
↑  Oshiro, Terumasa. "On Kinship Terms in Hieroglyphic Luwian". In: Orient. Report of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan 26. 1990. p. 90-91.
↑  Milanova, Veronika. "Chapter 13: MUNUS/fduttarii̯ata/i- and Some Other Indo-European Maidens". In: Hrozný and Hittite: The First Hundred Years. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2019. pp. 277–294. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004413122_015
↑  Blažek, Václav. “Indo-European kinship terms in *-ə̯2TER.” (2001). In: Grammaticvs: studia linguistica Adolfo Erharto quinque et septuagenario oblata. Šefčík, Ondřej (editor); Vykypěl, Bohumil (editor). Vyd. 1. V Brně: Masarykova univerzita, 2001. p. 25. http://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/123188
↑  Schrijver, P. C. H. (2015). "The meaning of Celtic *eburos". In: Oudaer, Guillaume, Hily, Gael, Le Bihan, Herve (eds.). Mélanges en l'honneur de Pierre-Yves Lambert. pp. 65-76. ISBN 978-2-917681-27-5
↑  Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia de. "Celtic ‘son’, ‘daughter’, other descendants, and *sunus in Early Celtic". In: Indogermanische Forschungen 118, 2013 (2013): 259-298. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/indo.2013.118.2013.259
↑  de Bernardo Stempel Patrizia (2013). "«El Tercer Bronce De Botorrita, Veinte Años Después»". In: Palaeohispanica: Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua. n.º 13 (julio). p. 645. https://ifc.dpz.es/ojs/index.php/palaeohispanica/article/view/186.
↑  Danka, Ignacy Ryszard & Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz (2010). "Deis Equeunubo – The Divine Twins in Asturia". In: Stalmaszczyk, Piotr & Fomin, Maxim (eds.). Dimensions and Categories of Celticity: Studies in Language. Studia celto-Slavica 4. Łódź: Łódź University Press. 2010. 17-26.
↑  Dimitrov, Peter A. (2009). 〈The Thracian Inscriptions〉. 《Thracian Language and Greek and Thracian Epigraphy》. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 18쪽. ISBN 978-1-4438-1325-9.
↑  Woudhuizen, Fred C. "Phrygian & Greek". In: Talanta XL-XLI (2008-2009). p. 187.
↑  Blazek, Václav. "Gaulish Language". In: Studia Minora Facultatis Philosophicae Universitais Brunensis. n. 13. 2008. p. 53.
↑  Puhvel, Jaan. Hittite Etymological Dictionary - Volume 4: Words beginning with Κ. Trends in Linguistics 14. Berlin; New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 1997. pp. 306-308.
↑  Melchert, Harold Craig. Anatolian Historical Phonology. Amsterdam; Atlanta, GA: Rodopi. 1994. p. 264. ISBN 90-5183-697-X
↑  Woudhuizen, Fred C. "Two Notes on Lydian". In: TALANTA XLII - XLIII (2010-2011). p. 211.
↑  Fournet, Arnaud (2010). "About the Mitanni Aryan gods". Journal of Indo-European Studies. 38 (1–2): 26-27.
↑  Duridanov, Ivan (1985). 《Die Sprache der Thraker》. Bulgarische Sammlung (독일어) 5. Hieronymus Verlag. 60쪽. ISBN 3-88893-031-6.
↑  Blazek, Václav. "Gaulish Language". In: Studia Minora Facultatis Philosophicae Universitais Brunensis. n. 13. 2008. p. 60.
↑  Fournet, Arnaud (2010). "About the Mitanni Aryan gods". Journal of Indo-European Studies. 38 (1–2): 26-27.
↑  Woudhuizen, Fred C. "Phrygian & Greek". In: Talanta XL-XLI (2008-2009). p. 189.
↑  Blazek, Václav. "Gaulish Language". In: Studia Minora Facultatis Philosophicae Universitais Brunensis. n. 13. 2008. p. 60.
↑  Blazek, Václav. "Gaulish Language". In: Studia Minora Facultatis Philosophicae Universitais Brunensis. n. 13. 2008. p. 60.
↑  Fournet, Arnaud (2010). "About the Mitanni Aryan gods". Journal of Indo-European Studies. 38 (1–2): 26-27.
↑  Blazek, Václav. "Gaulish Language". In: Studia Minora Facultatis Philosophicae Universitais Brunensis. n. 13. 2008. p. 60.
↑  "이 수사는 분명히 "아홉"을 뜻하는 단어에서 파생된 것이다. (...) 인도유럽조어 *newn과의 어원적 관계가 ... 명백하다 ...". Eichner, Heiner. "Anatolian". In: Gvozdanovic, Jadranka (ed.). Indo-European numerals. Trends in linguistics: Studies and monographs n. 57. Berlin; New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 1991. p. 87. ISBN 3-11-011322-8
↑  Blazek, Václav. "Gaulish Language". In: Studia Minora Facultatis Philosophicae Universitais Brunensis. n. 13. 2008. p. 60.
↑  Wodtko, d. S. "Remarks on Celtiberian Etymology". In: Villar, Francisco y Beltrán, Francisco (eds.). Pueblos, lengua y escrituras en la Hispania Prerromana. Actas del VII Coloquio sobre lenguas y culturas paleohispánicas (Zaragoza, 12 a 15 de Marzo de 1997). Ediciones Universidad Salamanca. 1999. p. 734. ISBN 84-7800-094-1
↑  “Raham Asha, Phonology of Pārsīg” (PDF). 2010년 5월 25일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 2월 6일에 확인함.
↑  Filippone, Ela. "The Gums of the Teeth in the Iranian Languages". In: Mélanges d’ethnographie et de dialectologie Irano-Aryennes à la mémoire de Charles-Martin Kieffer. Studia Iranica, Cahier 61. Edited by Matteo De Chiara, Adriano V. Rossi, and Daniel Septfonds. Leuven: Peeters. 2018. p. 163.
↑  http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Do%29%2Fkkon
↑  Morpurgo Davies, Anna, and J. David Hawkins. "A Luwian Heart". In: F. Imparati (ed.). Studi di storia e di filologia anatolica dedicate a Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli. Firenze: Elite. 1988. pp. 169-182.
↑  Hamp, Eric P. "Indo-European *kreuH-". In: Indogermanische Forschungen 82, 1977 (1977): 75-76, doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110243246.75
↑  Kuiper, F. B. J. "Old East Iranian Dialects". In: Indo-Iranian Journal 18, no. 3/4 (1976): 241-53. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24652490.
↑  Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Routledge. p. 71. ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5.
↑  Sasseville, David. Anatolian Verbal Stem Formation: Luwian, Lycian and Lydian. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2020. pp. 191-193 and 562. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004436299_006
↑  Puhvel, Jaan. "Shaft-shedding Artemis and Mind-voiding Ate: Hittite Determinants of Greek Etyma." Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics 105, no. 1 (1992): 4. Accessed July 13, 2020. www.jstor.org/stable/40849348.
↑  Duhoux, Yves. "Minos. Revista de Filologia Egea [compte-rendu]". In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 60, 1991. p. 717. www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1991_num_60_1_2329_t1_0716_0000_2
1 2 3  
복합 모음교체 어간:

단수복수

언어주격대격속격여격주격대격속격

PIEgʷōusgʷōmgʷousgʷóweigʷōwesgʷōsgʷowōm

산스크리트어gáuḥgā́mgṓḥgávēgā́vaḥgā́ḥgávām

아베스타어gāušgąmgāušgavegā̆vōgā̊gavąm
↑  De Decker, Filip. "Stang’s Law and the Indo-European word for “cow”". In: Indogermanische Forschungen 116, 2011 (2011): 42-59, doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110239485.42
↑  Blažek, Václav. "Indo-European “bear”". In: Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics 130 (2017): 148-92. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26532668.
↑  Peeters, Chr. "The Word for ‘dog’ and the Sequence *wH + Gonsonant in Indo-European". In: Indogermanische Forschungen 78, 1973 (1973): 75-77, doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110243208.75
↑  Orel, Vladimir. Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill. p. 81.
↑  BLAŽEK, Václav. "Baltic and Slavic "fox"". Linguistica Baltica. Kraków: TAiWPN Universitas, 1998, vol. 7, No 1. p. 25. ISSN 1230-3984
↑  BLAŽEK, Václav. "Baltic and Slavic "fox"". Linguistica Baltica. Kraków: TAiWPN Universitas, 1998, vol. 7, No 1. p. 25. ISSN 1230-3984
↑  Curchin, Leonard A. "Place-names of the Ebro Valley: their linguistic origins". In: Palaeohispánica: Revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania antigua. Nº. 8. 2008. p. 16 (footnote nr. 5). ISSN 1578-5386
↑  Pinault, Georges-Jean Pinault; Winter, Werner. Dictionary and Thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume I: A-J. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. 2009. p. 173. ISBN 978-3-447-05814-8
↑  Peyrot, Michaël. "Chapter 12: A Comparison of the Tocharian A and B Metrical Traditions*". In: Language and Meter. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004357778_014
↑  Collins, Billie Jean. "On the Trail of the Dee: Hittite kurāla-". In: Hittite Studies in Honor of Harry A. Hoffner, Jr: On the Occasion of His 65th Birthday. Edited by Gary Beckman, Richard Beal and Gregory McMahon. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns. 2003. p. 80. ISBN 1-57506-079-5
↑  Ventris, Michael; Chadwick, John. Documents in Mycenaean Greek. Cambridge at the University Press. 1956. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-521-08558-8
↑  Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette (1934) p.960
↑  Kristin Meier, and Michaël Peyrot. "The Word for ‘Honey’ in Chinese, Tocharian and Sino-Vietnamese". In: Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 167, no. 1 (2017): 7-22. doi:10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.167.1.0007.
↑  Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Routledge. p. 527. ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5
↑  Kocharov, Petr. "Proto-Indo-European lexical aspect and stem patterns", Faits de Langues 47, 1 (2016): 83, doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/19589514-047-01-900000005
↑  Kocharov, Petr. "Proto-Indo-European lexical aspect and stem patterns", Faits de Langues 47, 1 (2016): 83, doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/19589514-047-01-900000005
1 2 3  
복합 모음교체 어간:


언어주격대격호격속격여격처격도구격 복수

PIEd(i)yēusdyēumdyĕudiw-és, -ósdiwéidyéwi 및 dyēu ?

그리스어ZdeúsZdẽnZdeũDi(w)ósDi(w)í

산스크리트어d(i)yāúḥdyā́m ?diváḥ, dyōḥdivḗdyáví, divídyú-bhiḥ
↑  Melchert (1994) p. 54; Ringe (2006) p. 77에서 재인용.
↑  García Ramón, J. L. "Mycenaean onomastics". In: A Companion to Linear B: Mycenaean Greek Texts and their World. Volume 2. Edited by Yves Duhoux and Anna Morpurgo Davies. Bibliothèque des Cahiers de l'Institut de Linguistique de Louvain. Peeters: Louvain-la-Neuve – Walpole, MA. 2011. p. 215, 223.
↑  Uusküla, Mari. "The Basic Color Terms of Czech". In: TRAMES 2008. 12(62/57). 1. p. 24. DOI:10.3176/tr.2008.1.01
↑  Jasińska, Katarzyna; Piwowarczyk, Dariusz R. "The Indo-European heritage in Modern Polish – introductory remarks". In: The Indo-European legacy in language and culture. eds. A. Dudziak, A. Zlobin, M. Payunena. Olsztyn: Wydawnictwo UWM, 2019. p. 196.
↑  Cólera, Carlos Jordán (2007). "Celtiberian". e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. Vol. 6: The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula. Article 17. p. 759. ISSN 1540-4889 https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/17.
↑  Blažek, Vacláv. (2017). "Indo-European ‘Gold’ in Time and Space". In: Journal of Indo-European Studies (JIES) 45: 267-312.
↑  Prósper, Blanca Maria. "Proto-Italic laryngeals in the context CLHC- and new Italic and Celtic etymological connections". In: Rivista italiana di linguistica e di dialettologia: XIX, 2017. Pisa: Fabrizio Serra, 2017. pp. 79-101. http://digital.casalini.it/10.19272/201704801004; https://doi.org/10.19272/201704801004
↑  Tsaregorodtseva Oksana. "Semantic processes in derivatives of the etymological root *ghel- (*ghel-) / *glEnd(h)- to shine, to sparkle". Language and Culture, no. 1, 2014. pp. 69-74. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/semantic-processes-in-derivatives-of-the-etymological-root-ghel-ghel-glend-h-to-shine-to-sparkle (дата обращения: 04.12.2020).
↑  Forston, Benjamin W. Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction. Blackwell Publishing. 2010. p. 461. ISBN 978-1-4051-8895-1
↑  Sowa, Wojciech. "A Note to "Phrygian" words in Greek". In: Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia Vol. 12. Issue 1. Kraków: 2007. p. 159.
↑  Mallory, J. P., and Martin E. Huld. "Proto-Indo-European ‘Silver’." Zeitschrift Für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 97, no. 1 (1984): 1-12. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40848726.
↑  Ventris, Michael; Chadwick, John. Documents in Mycenaean Greek. Cambridge at the University Press. 1956. p. 374. ISBN 978-0-521-08558-8
↑  Duridanov, Ivan (1985). 《Die Sprache der Thraker》. Bulgarische Sammlung (독일어) 5. Hieronymus Verlag. 74쪽. ISBN 3-88893-031-6.
↑  Erkut, Sedat. "Hititçe Kugulla Sözcüğü" [The Hittite Word kugulla-]. In: Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi 25 (2006): 107-111. <https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tariharastirmalari/issue/47798/603785>
↑  Blazek, Václav. "Gaulish Language". In: Studia Minora Facultatis Philosophicae Universitais Brunensis. n. 13. 2008. p. 52.
↑  Duval, Paul-Marie. "Observations sur le Calendrier de Coligny", IV. In: Études Celtiques, vol. 11, fascicule 1, 1964. p. 12. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/ecelt.1964.1383]; www.persee.fr/doc/ecelt_0373-1928_1964_num_11_1_1383
↑  Adams, Douglas Q. A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged. Amsterdam - New York, NY: Rodopi. 2013. p. 690. ISBN 978-90-420-3671-0
↑  Adams, Douglas Q. "The Tocharian B word for 'solstice'?". In: Tocharian and Indo-European Studies. Vol. 12. Museum Tusculanum Press, University of Copenha속격 2011. pp. 48-49. ISBN 978-87-635-3649-3
↑  Ching, Chao-jung. "On the Word ṣau Found in the Kuchean Secular Documents". In: Great Journeys across the Pamir Mountains. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2018. p. 3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004362253_002