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↑  Paul Arblaster, Posts, Newsletters, Newspapers: England in a European system of communications, Media History (2005) 11#1–2, pp. 21–36.
↑  Carmen Espejo, "European Communication Networks in the Early Modern Age: A new framework of interpretation for the birth of journalism," Media History (2011) 17#2, pp. 189–202.
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↑  Carlton J. H. Hayes, A Generation of Materialism, 1871–1900 (1941) pp 176–80.
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↑  “From Valuable Brands and Games Directors Play to Bail-Outs and Bad Boys”. 《The Economist》. 2010년 7월 23일. 7면. ISBN 9781847652683.
↑  Gérard Jubert, Père des Journalistes et Médecin des Pauvres (2008)
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↑  Hutton 2:692-94
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↑  Anthony Adamthwaite, Grandeur and Misery: France’s Bid for Power in Europe 1914–1940 (1995) pp. 175–92.
↑  John Florio, A Worlde of Wordes (London: Blount, 1598), p. 145.
↑  Francis Bacon, The Letters and the Life (London: Longman, Green, Longman and Robert, 1862) vol. II, p. 32, letters to Antony Bacon 15 and 20 May 1596.
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↑  P. P. Catterall and Colin Seymour-Ure, "Northcliffe, Viscount." in John Ramsden, ed. The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century British Politics (2002), p. 475.
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↑  Parthasarathy, Rangaswami (2011). 《Journalism in India》. Sterling Publishers Pvt Ltd. 19쪽. ISBN 9788120719934.
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↑  Pernambuco.com, O INÍCIO DA HISTÓRIA
↑  E. Bradford Burns; Julie A. Charlip (2002). 《Latin America: A Concise Interpretive History》. Prentice Hall. 151쪽. ISBN 9780130195760.
↑  Michael Siva, After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739–1842, Ph.D. Dissertation (Southampton: Southampton University, 2018), p. 279.
↑  “Edward Jordon”.
↑  “DiGJamaica :: The Story of the Gleaner Company”. 2018년 6월 12일. 2019년 3월 2일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2023년 4월 30일에 확인함.
↑  Ewart Walters, We Come From Jamaica: The National Movement, 1937–1962 (Ottawa: Boyd McRubie, 2014), pp. 65–69.
↑  Walters, We Come From Jamaica, pp. 69–70.
↑  Jane L. Chapman and Nick Nuttall, Journalism Today: A Themed History (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011), pp. 299, 313–314.
↑  David Paul Nord, "The History of Journalism and the History of the Book," in Explorations in Communications and History, edited by Barbie Zelizer. (London: Routledge, 2008) p 164
↑  James Carey, "The Problem of Journalism History," Journalism History (1974) 1#1, pp. 3, 4.
↑  Tom O'Malley, "History, Historians and the Writing Newspaper History in the UK c.1945–1962," Media History, (2012) 18#3, pp. 289–310.