人為的な要因による死者数一覧
戦争犯罪・虐殺

ここでは軍事組織によって引き起こされた非戦闘員の死者数の一覧を載せる。特定の民族、宗教、政治的グループをターゲットにしたものに限ることなく、一般市民の生命を軽視した軍事戦略や残虐行為について記述する。
| 出来事 | 低い推定 | 高い推定 | 相乗平均 | 場所 | 開始 | 終了 | 期間 | 備考 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 第二次世界大戦 | 7007290000000000000♠29,000,000 | 7007305000000000000♠30,500,000 | 7007290740540000000♠29,074,054 | 世界全体 | 1939 | 1945 | 6 years | 第二次世界大戦の犠牲者も参照 |
| 三光作戦 | 7006247000000000000♠2,470,000 | 7006270000000000000♠2,700,000 | 7006258244000000000♠2,582,440 | 中国 | 1940 | 1942 | 2 years | 1996年に発表された研究の中で、歴史家の姫田光義は、大日本帝国陸軍の対中焦土政策である「三光作戦」は、昭和天皇の認可のもとに実施されたものであり、間接的なものも含めると「270万人以上」の中国の民間人の死亡につながったと主張している。 |
| 国共内戦 | 7006180000000000000♠1,800,000 | 7006350000000000000♠3,500,000 | 7006250998000000000♠2,509,980 | 中国 | 1927 | 1950 | 23 years | 戦争中、国民政府軍と中国共産党の両方が大規模な残虐行為を行い、何百万人もの非戦闘員が双方によって意図的に殺害された。 |
| 第一次・第二次スーダン内戦 | 7006200000000000000♠2,000,000 | 7006200000000000000♠2,000,000 | 7006200000000000000♠2,000,000 | スーダン | 1956 | 2005 | 49 years |  |
| ソ連・アフガン戦争 | 7005500000000000000♠500,000 | 7006200000000000000♠2,000,000 | 7006100000000000000♠1,000,000 | アフガニスタン | 1979 | 1989 | 10 years | ソ連侵攻時の民間人の大量殺人はジェノサイドとされることもあるが、政治的な整合性に基づいた殺害であるためpoliticideに分類される。 |
| 張献忠の戦争犯罪 | 7006100000000000000♠1,000,000 | 7006100000000000000♠1,000,000 | 7006100000000000000♠1,000,000 | 中国・四川省 | 1644 | 1646 | 2 years | Committed during a bloody peasant revolt that massacred a large portion of Sichuan's population.[要出典] |
| 軍閥時代 | 7005910000000000000♠910,000 | 7005910000000000000♠910,000 | 7005910000000000000♠910,000 | 中国 | 1900 | 1927 | 27 years |  |
| バグダードの戦い後のモンゴルによる虐殺 | 7005200000000000000♠200,000 | 7006200000000000000♠2,000,000 | 7005632456000000000♠632,456 | バグダード | January 29, 1258 | February 10, 1258 | 12 days | Mass slaughter of civilians by the Mongols in Baghdad. Considered to be the end of the "Islamic Golden Age." |
| アンゴラ内戦 | 7005500000000000000♠500,000 | 7005500000000000000♠500,000 | 7005500000000000000♠500,000 | アンゴラ | 1975 | 2002 | 27 years | The 27-year war can be divided roughly into three periods of major fighting – 1975–91, 1992–94, and 1998 to 2002 – broken up by fragile periods of peace. By the time the MPLA achieved victory in 2002, more than 500,000 people had died and over one million had been internally displaced. The war devastated Angola's infrastructure, and severely damaged the nation's public administration, economic enterprises, and religious institutions.[要出典] |
| 第二次世界大戦中の大日本帝国陸軍による生物兵器と人体実験 | 7005400000000000000♠400,000 | 7005580000000000000♠580,000 | 7005481664000000000♠481,664 | ロシアと中国の一部。 特に満州。 | 1931 | 1945 | 14 years | See also: Unit 731 and the Asian Holocaust. |
| マラーター王国のベンガル侵攻における戦争犯罪 | 7005400000000000000♠400,000 | 7005400000000000000♠400,000 | 7005400000000000000♠400,000 | インド | 1741 | 1751 | 10 years | Maratha Empire invaded Bengal Subah, occupied the western Bengal and Bihar regions, and perpetrated atrocities against the local population. |
| ラ・ビオレンシア | 7005200000000000000♠200,000 | 7005300000000000000♠300,000 | 7005244949000000000♠244,949 | コロンビア | 1948 | 1958 | 10 years |  La Violencia was a ten-year period of civil war and violence in Colombia from 1948–58, between the Colombian Conservative Party and the Colombian Liberal Party, fought mainly in the rural countryside. Death toll may include non-civilian victims. |
| 米比戦争 | 7005200000000000000♠200,000 | 7005250000000000000♠250,000 | 7005223607000000000♠223,607 | フィリピン | 1899 | 1902 | 3 years |  |
| マニラ大虐殺 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7005500000000000000♠500,000 | 7005223607000000000♠223,607 | フィリピン・マニラ | 7003194500000000000♠1945 | 7003194500000000000♠1945 | 1 month | [信頼性要検証] |
| コロンビア内戦 | 7005177307000000000♠177,307 | 7005177307000000000♠177,307 | 7005177307000000000♠177,307 | コロンビア | 1964 | present | 54 years |  |
| 第二次エチオピア戦争 | 7004620000000000000♠62,000[信頼性要検証] | 7005485000000000000♠485,000[信頼性要検証] | 7005173407000000000♠173,407 | エチオピア | 1935 | 1941 | 6 years | Angelo Del Boca, The Ethiopian War 1935–1941 (1965), cites a 1945 memorandum from Ethiopia to the Conference of Prime Ministers, which tallies 760,300 natives dead; of them: battle deaths: 275,000, hunger among refugees: 300,000, patriots killed during occupation: 78,500, concentration camps: 35,000, Feb. 1937 massacre: 30,000, executions: 24,000, civilians killed by air force: 17,800.[要出典] |
| ヴァンデの反乱 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7005250000000000000♠250,000 | 7005158114000000000♠158,114 | フランス革命中のフランス | 7003179300000000000♠1793 | 7003179600000000000♠1796 | 3 years | Described as genocide by some historians, but this claim has been widely discounted. See also: French Revolution. |
| 第一次・第二次チェチェン紛争 | 7004550000000000000♠55,000 | 7005330000000000000♠330,000 | 7005134722000000000♠134,722 | チェチェン | 1994 | 2009 | 15 years |   |
| イラン・イラク戦争 | 7004610000000000000♠61,000 | 7005282000000000000♠282,000 | 7005131156000000000♠131,156 | イランとイラク | 1980 | 1988 | 8 years | 11,000 to 100,000 civilians killed on both sides, plus 50 to 182 killed in Kurdish Genocide. |
| ジエム時代とベトナム戦争における南ベトナムによる戦争犯罪 | 7004570000000000000♠57,000 | 7005284000000000000♠284,000 | 7005127232000000000♠127,232 | ベトナム | 1954 | 1975 | 21 years |  |
| シリア内戦 | 7005106390000000000♠106,390 | 110,218 | 7005108287000000000♠108,287 | シリア | 2011 | present | 7 years | See also: List of massacres during the Syrian Civil War |
| ベトコンの戦争犯罪 | 7004367250000000000♠36,725 | 7005227000000000000♠227,000 | 7004913050000000000♠91,305 | ベトナム | 1955 | 1975 | 20 years |  |
| Second Italo-Senussi War | 7004800000000000000♠80,000 | 7005125000000000000♠125,000 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | リビア | 1923 | 1932 | 9 years | Specific war crimes alleged to have been committed by the Italian armed forces against civilians include deliberate bombing of civilians, killing unarmed children, women, and the elderly; rape and disembowelment of women; throwing prisoners out of aircraft to their death, running over others with tanks, regular daily executions of civilians in some areas, and bombing tribal villages with mustard gas bombs, beginning in 1930.[要出典] |
| 神の抵抗軍の戦争犯罪 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | ウガンダ、中央アフリカ共和国、コンゴ民主共和国 | 1986 | 2009 | 23 years | The Guardian reported in 2015 that Kony's forces had been responsible for the deaths of over 100,000 people and the kidnapping of at least 60,000 children. Various atrocities committed include raping young girls and abducting them for use as sex slaves.[要出典] |
| 民族イスラーム戦線の戦争犯罪 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | スーダン | 1964 | 1999 | 35 years | Alleged human rights abuses by the NIF regime included war crimes, ethnic cleansing, a revival of slavery, torture of opponents, and an unprecedented number of refugees fleeing into Uganda, Kenya, Eritrea, Egypt, Europe and North America. |
| パプア紛争 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 西パプア | 1963 | present | 55 years | Since Indonesia has taken control of West Papua in 1963, the population of West Papua has recorded more than 100,000 unnatural deaths. The administration of West Papua has been called a police state.[要出典] |
| カシミール紛争 | 7004470000000000000♠47,000 | 7005100000000000000♠100,000 | 7004685560000000000♠68,556 | インド ジャンムー・カシミール州 | 1947 | present | 71 years | See also: Human Rights Abuses in Jammu and Kashmir, Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir, List of massacres in Jammu and Kashmir |
| 南京事件 | 7004130000000000000♠13,000 (全て) 7003500000000000000♠5,000 (市民) | 7005400000000000000♠400,000 (全て) 7005100000000000000♠100,000 (市民) | 7004721110000000000♠72,111 (全て) 7004223610000000000♠22,361 (市民) | 中国 南京 | 7003193700000000000♠1937 | 7003193800000000000♠1938 | 1 year | The Nanking Massacre, commonly known as the Rape of Nanking, was a war crime committed by the Japanese military in Nanjing, then capital of the Republic of China, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13, 1937. See: Death toll of the Nanking Massacre. |
| ペルー内戦 | 7004610070000000000♠61,007 [see notes] | 7004775520000000000♠77,552[see notes] | 7004687840000000000♠68,784[see notes] | ペルー | 7003198000000000000♠1980 | 7003200000000000000♠2000 | 20 years | In the late 20th century, the Peruvian government (armed forces and civil rondas) fought against communist terrorists in Peru. The principal actors in the war were the Communist Party of Peru or "Shining Path" and the government of Peru; the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement was also involved and other paramilitary entities. Peru's Truth and Reconciliation Commission reached a figure of approx. 68,784 deaths and disappearances, of which 54% were ascribed to Shining Path, 1.5% to Tupac Amaru and 37% to State officials, who were also responsible for 83% of reported cases of sexual violence, and systematic use of torture. An academic research published in 2019 contests the Commission's methodology, reaching a total figure of approx. 47,849, of which 27,872 were victims of State officials, 18,341 of the Shining Path, and 1,636 by all other actors. |
| シェイフ・サイードの反乱 | 7004173210000000000♠ 15,000 20,000 | 7005100000000000000♠ 40,000 250,000 | 7004416180000000000♠ 24,495 70,711 | トルコ | 1925 | 1925 | 1 month | The Sheikh Said Rebellion was a rebellion to revive the Islamic Caliphate System, and used elements of Kurdish nationalism for recruiting. It was led by Sheikh Said and a group of former Ottoman soldiers, known as Hamidiye soldiers. The rebellion was of two Kurdish groups, the Zaza people and the speakers of the related Kurmanji dialect of Kurdish: it "was led specifically by the Zaza population and received almost full support in the entire Zaza region and some of the neighbouring Kurmanji-dominated regions". |
| ISIL |  |  |  | イラク、シリア、アフガニスタン、リビア、フィリピン、ナイジェリアの他にも世界全体で散発的にテロが発生 | 2014 | present | 7 years | ISIS has existed as an active terrorist organization in one form or another since at least 2003. Many tens of thousands of casualties in the Iraqi wars of the 21st century can be attributed to them and their parent organizations. See also the death tolls from 2014 onwards in International military intervention against ISIL |
| スリランカ内戦 | 7003700000000000000♠7,000 | 7004400000000000000♠40,000 | 7004167330000000000♠16,733 | スリランカ | 1983 | 2009 | 26 years | There are allegations that war crimes were committed by the Sri Lankan military and the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Tamil Tigers) during the Sri Lankan Civil War, particularly during the final months of the Eelam War IV phase in 2009. The alleged war crimes include attacks on civilians and civilian buildings by both sides; executions of combatants and prisoners by both sides; enforced disappearances by the Sri Lankan military and paramilitary groups backed by them; acute shortages of food, medicine, and clean water for civilians trapped in the war zone; and child recruitment by the Tamil Tigers. →「Alleged war crimes during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War」も参照 |
| テッサロニキ攻略(904) | 7004150000000000000♠15,000 | 7004150000000000000♠15,000 | 7004150000000000000♠15,000 | 東ローマ帝国 | 7002904000000000000♠904 | 7002904000000000000♠904 | ? | The sack of the second city of the Byzantine Empire by a Muslim fleet under the command of Leo of Tripoli. In addition to the thousands killed, the Saracen fleet also took 20,000 Greek slaves.[要出典] |
| イラン・イラク戦争中のイランによる少年兵の使用 | 7003600000000000000♠6,000 | 7004180000000000000♠18,000 | 7004103920000000000♠10,392 | イラン | 1980 | 1988 | 8 years | 3% of two to six hundred thousand casualties. |
| アルジェリア内戦中の虐殺 | 7004100000000000000♠10,000 | 7004100000000000000♠10,000 | 7004100000000000000♠10,000 | アルジェリア | 1991 | 2002 | 11 years |  |
| シリア内戦におけるロシア軍の介入 | 7003808500000000000♠8,085 | 7003808500000000000♠8,085 | 7003808500000000000♠8,085 | シリア | September 2015 | present | 4 years |  See also: Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War. |
| バローチースターンでの紛争 | 7003762800000000000♠7,628 | 7003762800000000000♠7,628 | 7003762800000000000♠7,628 | パキスタン バローチスターン州 | 1937 | present | 81 years | [信頼性要検証] |
| アメリカ同時多発テロ事件 | 7003297700000000000♠2,977 | 7003297700000000000♠2,977 | 7003297700000000000♠2,977 | アメリカ合衆国 | September 11, 2001 | September 11, 2001 | 1 day |  |
| ドンバスにおける内戦 | 7003200000000000000♠2,000 | 7003200000000000000♠2,000 | 7003200000000000000♠2,000 | ウクライナ ドンバス | 2014 | present | 4 years |  |
| サブラー・シャティーラ事件 | 7002460000000000000♠460 | 7003350000000000000♠3,500 | 7003126900000000000♠1,269 | レバノン・西ベイルート | September 16, 1982 | September 18, 1982 | 2 days | Massacre of a Palestinian refugee camp by Lebanese Christians. |
| ピロー砦の戦い | 7002235000000000000♠235 | 7002235000000000000♠235 | 7002235000000000000♠235 | ローダーデール郡 (テネシー州) | April 12, 1864 | April 12, 1864 | 1 day | Death toll includes both U.S. and Confederate dead. U.S. dead includes those both killed in combat and murdered by the Confederates afterwards. |
| ローレンスの虐殺 | 7002204000000000000♠204 | 7002204000000000000♠204 | 7002204000000000000♠204 | ダグラス郡 (カンザス州) | August 21, 1863 | August 21, 1863 | 1 day | Death toll includes both U.S. and Confederate dead. Deadliest terrorist attack in U.S. history until the Oklahoma City bombing of 1995. |