P値
推薦文献

Denworth L (October 2019). “A Significant Problem: Standard scientific methods are under fire. Will anything change?”. Scientific American 321 (4):  62–67 (63). "The use of p values for nearly a century [since 1925] to determine statistical significance of experimental results has contributed to an illusion of certainty and [to] reproducibility crises in many scientific fields. There is growing determination to reform statistical analysis... Some [researchers] suggest changing statistical methods, whereas others would do away with a threshold for defining "significant" results."
Elderton, WP (1902). “Tables for Testing the Goodness of Fit of Theory to Observation”. Biometrika 1 (2):  155–163. doi:10.1093/biomet/1.2.155. https://zenodo.org/record/1431595.
Pearson, Karl (1914). “On the probability that two independent distributions of frequency are really samples of the same population, with special reference to recent work on the identity of Trypanosome strains”. Biometrika 10:  85–154. doi:10.1093/biomet/10.1.85.
Fisher, RA (1925). Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Edinburgh, Scotland: Oliver & Boyd. ISBN 978-0-05-002170-5
Fisher, RA (1971). The Design of Experiments (9th ed.). Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-02-844690-5. https://mimno.infosci.cornell.edu/info3350/readings/fisher.pdf
Fisher, RA; Yates (1938). Statistical tables for biological, agricultural, and medical research. London, England. hdl:2440/10701. https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001306237
Stigler SM (1986). The history of statistics : the measurement of uncertainty before 1900. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-40340-6. https://archive.org/details/historyofstatist00stig
Hubbard R; Armstrong JS (2006). “Why We Don't Really Know What Statistical Significance Means: Implications for Educators”. Journal of Marketing Education 28 (2):  114–120. doi:10.1177/0273475306288399. hdl:2092/413.  オリジナルのMay 18, 2006時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20060518054857if_/http://hops.wharton.upenn.edu/ideas/pdf/Armstrong/StatisticalSignificance.pdf.
Hubbard R; Lindsay RM (2008). “Why P Values Are Not a Useful Measure of Evidence in Statistical Significance Testing”. Theory & Psychology 18 (1):  69–88. doi:10.1177/0959354307086923.  オリジナルの2016-10-21時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20161021014340if_/http://wiki.bio.dtu.dk/~agpe/papers/pval_notuseful.pdf 2015年8月28日閲覧。.
Stigler S (December 2008). “Fisher and the 5% level”. Chance 21 (4):  12. doi:10.1007/s00144-008-0033-3.
Dallal, GE (2012). The Little Handbook of Statistical Practice.  オリジナルの2024-04-11時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20240411094738/http://www.jerrydallal.com/LHSP/p05.htm
Biau DJ; Jolles BM; Porcher R (March 2010). “P value and the theory of hypothesis testing: an explanation for new researchers”. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 468 (3):  885–892. doi:10.1007/s11999-009-1164-4. PMC 2816758. PMID 19921345. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2816758/.
Reinhart A (2015). Statistics Done Wrong: The Woefully Complete Guide. No Starch Press. p. 176. ISBN 978-1593276201. http://statisticsdonewrong.com
“The ASA President's Task Force Statement on Statistical Significance and Replicability”. Annals of Applied Statistics 15 (3):  1084–1085. (2021). doi:10.1214/21-AOAS1501.
Benjamin, Daniel J.; Berger, James O.; Johannesson, Magnus; Nosek, Brian A.; Wagenmakers, E.-J.; Berk, Richard; Bollen, Kenneth A.; Brembs, Björn et al. (1 September 2017). “Redefine statistical significance”. Nature Human Behaviour 2 (1):  6–10. doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0189-z. hdl:10281/184094. PMID 30980045.
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