ヴェーダ語
動詞の文法 > 動詞の活用 > 完結相

完結相の語幹は次のルールに従って作成する。
語根：ヴェーダ語では一般的な語根の形態である。第3類、第4類、第5類、第7類、第8類、第9類と-cchatiで終わる動詞。第1類、第6類動詞の一部も該当する。
a語幹：連音規則を回避するために後期ヴェーダ語以降では一般的になる。対象は語根の場合と同じ。
重複語幹：使役動詞、名詞起源動詞
s語幹：ヴェーダ語では一般的な語根の形態である。第1類、第2類、第6類の動詞のうち、語根の語末に喉音を有していなかった語根(anit語根)
is語幹：第1類、第2類、第6類の動詞のうち、語根の語末に喉音を有していた語根(sat語根)と、意欲動詞、願望動詞、使役動詞(まれ)、名詞起源動詞(まれ)
直接法現在は存在しない。古典期は祈願法が希求法にとって代わるが、前期ヴェーダ時代はその二つが併存していたようである。祈願法の中動態は希求法で代用する。
受動態は通常は三人称単数のみ存在し、それ以外の母音で終わる語根の動詞と√grah、√dṛś、√hanには三人称単数の語幹で中動態の活用が存在する。すべての使役動詞にも同様に存在する。
|  | 直接法過去 | 指令法 | 接続法 | 希求法 | 祈願法 | 命令法 |
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| 能動態 | a·yāps·a·m a·yāps·īs a·yāps·īt a·yāps·va a·yāps·tam a·yāps·tām a·yāps·ma a·yāps·ta a·yāps·us | yāps·a·m yāps·īs yāps·īt yāps·va yāps·tam yāps·tām yāps·ma yāps·ta yāps·us | yāps·ā·ni yāps·ā·s(i) yāps·ā·t(i) yāps·ā·va yāps·ā·thas yāps·ā·tas yāps·ā·ma yāps·ā·tha yāps·ā·n | yāps·aiya·m yāps·ya·s yāps·ya·t yāps·ya·va yāps·ya·tam yāps·ya·tām yāps·ya·ma yāps·ya·ta yāps·yus | yabh·yās·am yabh·yā·s yabh·yā·t yabh·yās·va yabh·yās·tam yabh·yās·tām yabh·yās·ma yabh·yās·ta yabh·yās·us | yāps·ā·ni yāps·a yāps·a·tu yāps·ā·va yāps·a·tam yāps·a·tām yāps·ā·ma yāps·a·ta(na) yāps·a·ntu |
| 中動態 | a·yaps·i a·yaps·thās a·yaps·ta a·yaps·vahi a·yaps·thām a·yaps·tām a·yaps·mahi a·yap·dhvam a·yaps·a·ta | yaps·i yaps·thās yaps·ta yaps·vahi yaps·thām yaps·tām yaps·mahi yap·dhvam yaps·a·ta | yaps·ā·i yaps·ā·sāi yaps·ā·tāi yaps·ā·vahāi yaps·ā·thai yaps·ā·tai yaps·ā·mahāi yaps·ā·dhvāi yaps·ā·ntāi | yaps·īya yaps·ī·thās yaps·īṣ·ta yaps·ī·vahi yaps·īṣ·thām yaps·īṣ·tām yaps·ī·mahi yaps·ī·dhvam yaps·ī·ran | yabhiṣ·īya yabhiṣ·ī·thās yabhiṣ·īṣ·ta yabhiṣ·ī·vahi yabhiṣ·īṣ·thām yabhiṣ·īṣ·tām yabhiṣ·ī·mahi yabhiṣ·ī·dhvam yabhiṣ·ī·ran | yaps·ā·i yaps·a·sva yaps·a·tām yaps·ā·vahāi yaps·a·thām yaps·a·tām yaps·ā·mahāi yaps·a·dhvam yaps·a·ntām |
| 受動態 | yābh·am a·bhāviṣ·i yābh·am a·bhāviṣ·thās a·yābh·i yābh·am a·bhāviṣ·vahi yābh·am a·bhāviṣ·thām yābh·am a·bhāviṣ·tām yābh·am a·bhāviṣ·mahi yābh·am a·bhāviṣ·dhvam yābh·am a·bhāviṣ·a·ta | yābh·am bhāviṣ·i yābh·am bhāviṣ·thās yābh·i yābh·am bhāviṣ·vahi yābh·am bhāviṣ·thām yābh·am bhāviṣ·tām yābh·am bhāviṣ·mahi yābh·am bhāviṣ·dhvam yābh·am bhāviṣ··a·ta | yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·i yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·sāi yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·tāi yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·vahāi yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·thai yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·tai yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·mahāi yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·dhvāi yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·ntāi | yābh·am bhāviṣ·īya yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·thās yābh·am bhāviṣ·īṣ·ta yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·vahi yābh·am bhāviṣ·īṣ·thām yābh·am bhāviṣ·īṣ·tām yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·mahi yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·dhvam yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·ran | yābh·am bhāviṣ·īya yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·thās yābh·am bhāviṣ·īṣ·ta yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·vahi yābh·am bhāviṣ·īṣ·thām yābh·am bhāviṣ·īṣ·tām yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·mahi yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·dhvam yābh·am bhāviṣ·ī·ran | yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·i yābh·am bhāvik·ṣva yābh·am bhāviṣ·tām yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·vahāi yābh·am bhāviṣ·thām yābh·am bhāviṣ·tām yābh·am bhāviṣ·ā·mahāi yābh·am bhāvid·dhvam yābh·am bhāviṣ·ntām |
|  |  | 直接法過去 | 指令法 | 接続法 | 希求法 | 祈願法 | 命令法 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 重複アオリスト | 能動態 | a·yīyabh·a·m a·yīyabh·a·s a·yīyabh·a·t a·yīyabh·ā·va a·yīyabh·a·tam a·yīyabh·a·tām a·yīyabh·ā·ma a·yīyabh·a·ta a·yīyabh·a·n | yīyabh·a·m yīyabh·a·s yīyabh·a·t yīyabh·ā·va yīyabh·a·tam yīyabh·a·tām yīyabh·ā·ma yīyabh·a·ta yīyabh·a·n | yīyabh·ā·ni yīyabh·ā·s(i) yīyabh·ā·t(i) yīyabh·ā·va yīyabh·ā·thas yīyabh·ā·tas yīyabh·ā·ma yīyabh·ā·tha yīyabh·ā·n | yīyabh·aiya·m yīyabh·ya·s yīyabh·ya·t yīyabh·ya·va yīyabh·ya·tam yīyabh·ya·tām yīyabh·ya·ma yīyabh·ya·ta yīyabh·yus | yābh·yās·am yābh·yā·s yābh·yā·t yābh·yās·va yābh·yās·tam yābh·yās·tām yābh·yās·ma yābh·yās·ta yābh·yās·us | yīyabh·ā·ni yīyabh·a yīyabh·a·tu yīyabh·ā·va yīyabh·a·tam yīyabh·a·tām yīyabh·ā·ma yīyabh·a·ta(na) yīyabh·a·ntu |
| 重複アオリスト | 中受動態 | a·yīyabh·a·i a·yīyabh·a·thās a·yīyabh·a·ta a·yīyabh·ā·vahi a·yīyabh·a·thām a·yīyabh·a·tām a·yīyabh·ā·mahi a·yīyabh·a·dhvam a·yīyabh·a·ta | yīyabh·a·i yīyabh·a·thās yīyabh·a·ta yīyabh·ā·vahi yīyabh·a·thām yīyabh·a·tām yīyabh·ā·mahi yīyabh·a·dhvam yīyabh·a·ta | yīyabh·ā·i yīyabh·ā·sāi yīyabh·ā·tāi yīyabh·ā·vahāi yīyabh·ā·thai yīyabh·ā·tai yīyabh·ā·mahāi yīyabh·ā·dhvāi yīyabh·ā·ntāi | yīyabh·īya yīyabh·ī·thās yīyabh·īṣ·ta yīyabh·ī·vahi yīyabh·īṣ·thām yīyabh·īṣ·tām yīyabh·ī·mahi yīyabh·ī·dhvam yīyabh·ī·ran | yābhayiṣ·īya yābhayiṣ·ī·thās yābhayiṣ·ta yābhayiṣ·vahi yābhayiṣ·thām yābhayiṣ·tām yābhayiṣ·ī·mahi yābhayiṣ·ī·dhvam yābhayiṣ·ī·ran | yīyabh·ā·i yīyabh·a·sva yīyabh·a·tām yīyabh·ā·vahāi yīyabh·a·thām yīyabh·a·tām yīyabh·ā·mahāi yīyabh·a·dhvam yīyabh·a·ntām |
| isアオリスト | 能動態 | a·yābhayiṣ·am a·yābhay·īs a·yābhay·īt a·yābhayiṣ·va a·yābhayiṣ·tam a·yābhayiṣ·tām a·yābhayiṣ·ma a·yābhayiṣ·ta a·yābhayiṣ·us | yābhayiṣ·a·m yābhay·īs yābhay·īt yābhayiṣ·va yābhayiṣ·tam yābhayiṣ·tām yābhayiṣ·ma yābhayiṣ·ta yābhayiṣ·us | yābhayiṣ·ā·ni yābhayiṣ·ā·s(i) yābhayiṣ·ā·t(i) yābhayiṣ·ā·va yābhayiṣ·ā·thas yābhayiṣ·ā·tas yābhayiṣ·ā·ma yābhayiṣ·ā·tha yābhayiṣ·ā·n | yābhayiṣ·aiya·m yābhayiṣ·ya·s yābhayiṣ·ya·t yābhayiṣ·ya·va yābhayiṣ·ya·tam yābhayiṣ·ya·tām yābhayiṣ·ya·ma yābhayiṣ·ya·ta yābhayiṣ·yus | yābh·yās·am yābh·yā·s yābh·yā·t yābh·yās·va yābh·yās·tam yābh·yās·tām yābh·yās·ma yābh·yās·ta yābh·yās·us | yābhayiṣ·ā·ni yābhayid·dhi yābhayiṣ·tu yābhayiṣ·ā·va yābhayiṣ·tam yābhayiṣ·tām yābhayiṣ·ā·ma yābhayiṣ·tá(na) yābhayiṣ·ntu |
| isアオリスト | 中動態 | a·yābhayiṣ·i a·yābhayiṣ·thās a·yābhayiṣ·ta a·yābhayiṣ·vahi a·yābhayiṣ·thām a·yābhayiṣ·tām a·yābhayiṣ·mahi a·yābhayiṣ·dhvam a·yābhayiṣ·a·ta | yābhayiṣ·i yābhayiṣ·thās yābhayiṣ·ta yābhayiṣ·vahi yābhayiṣ·thām yābhayiṣ·tām yābhayiṣ·mahi yābhayiṣ·dhvam yābhayiṣ·a·ta | yābhayiṣ·ā·i yābhayiṣ·ā·sāi yābhayiṣ·ā·tāi yābhayiṣ·ā·vahāi yābhayiṣ·ā·thai yābhayiṣ·ā·tai yābhayiṣ·ā·mahāi yābhayiṣ·ā·dhvāi yābhayiṣ·ā·ntāi | yābhayiṣ·īya yābhayiṣ·ī·thās yābhayiṣ·īṣ·ta yābhayiṣ·ī·vahi yābhayiṣ·īṣ·thām yābhayiṣ·īṣ·tām yābhayiṣ·ī·mahi yābhayiṣ·ī·dhvam yābhayiṣ·ī·ran | yābhayiṣ·īya yābhayiṣ·ī·thās yābhayiṣ·īṣ·ta yābhayiṣ·ī·vahi yābhayiṣ·īṣ·thām yābhayiṣ·īṣ·tām yābhayiṣ·ī·mahi yābhayiṣ·ī·dhvam yābhayiṣ·ī·ran | yābhayiṣ·ā·i yābhayik·ṣva yābhayiṣ·tām yābhayiṣ·ā·vahāi yābhayiṣ·thām yābhayiṣ·tām yābhayiṣ·ā·mahāi yābhayid·dhvam yābhayiṣ·ntām |
| isアオリスト | 受動態 | a·yābhiṣ·i a·yābhiṣ·thās a·yābhiṣ·ta a·yābhiṣ·vahi a·yābhiṣ·thām a·yābhiṣ·tām a·yābhiṣ·mahi a·yābhiṣ·dhvam a·yābhiṣ·a·ta | yābhiṣ·i yābhiṣ·thās yābhiṣ·ta yābhiṣ·vahi yābhiṣ·thām yābhiṣ·tām yābhiṣ·mahi yābhiṣ·dhvam yābhiṣ·a·ta | yābhiṣ·ā·i yābhiṣ·ā·sāi yābhiṣ·ā·tāi yābhiṣ·ā·vahāi yābhiṣ·ā·thai yābhiṣ·ā·tai yābhiṣ·ā·mahāi yābhiṣ·ā·dhvāi yābhiṣ·ā·ntāi | yābhiṣ·īya yābhiṣ·ī·thās yābhiṣ·īṣ·ta yābhiṣ·ī·vahi yābhiṣ·īṣ·thām yābhiṣ·īṣ·tām yābhiṣ·ī·mahi yābhiṣ·ī·dhvam yābhiṣ·ī·ran | yābhiṣ·īya yābhiṣ·ī·thās yābhiṣ·īṣ·ta yābhiṣ·ī·vahi yābhiṣ·īṣ·thām yābhiṣ·īṣ·tām yābhiṣ·ī·mahi yābhiṣ·ī·dhvam yābhiṣ·ī·ran | yābhiṣ·ā·i yābhik·ṣva yābhiṣ·tām yābhiṣ·ā·vahāi yābhiṣ·thām yābhiṣ·tām yābhiṣ·ā·mahāi yābhid·dhvam yābhiṣ·ntām |