国勢調査以前の日本の人口統計
主要都市人口 > 市制・町村制導入前の主要都市人口変遷：明治6(1873)年～明治21(1888)年

| 舞鶴 | 丹後国 | 9,073 | 9,073 | 7,421 |  | 7,312 |  | 7,319 |  |  |  | 10,272 | 9,822 | 8,258 |  |  |
| 宮津 | 丹後国 | 9,398 | 9,398 | 9,539 |  | 9,600 |  | 9,592 |  |  |  | 11,184 | 10,863 | 8,380 |  |  |
| 鳥取 | 因幡国 | 20,782 | 37,796 | 34,651 |  | 36,503 |  | 36,212 |  |  |  | 29,994 | 28,572 | 28,275 | 25,875 | 26,022 |
| 米子 | 伯耆国 | 10,237 | 10,361 | 10,247 |  | 10,123 |  | 10,399 |  |  |  | 11,344 | 11,390 | 11,860 | 12,468 | 12,948 |
| 松江 | 出雲国 | 37,808 | 36,102 | 36,521 |  | 37,611 |  | 35,349 |  |  |  | 36,359 | 36,164 | 33,381 | 33,687 | 33,324 |
| 明石 | 播磨国 | 14,410 | 16,951 | 18,822 |  | 18,282 |  | 18,524 |  |  |  | 19,199 | 19,252 | 18,587 | 18,824 | 19,351 |
| 姫路 | 播磨国 | 24,521 | 24,272 | 23,917 |  | 23,554 |  | 23,330 |  |  |  | 23,060 | 23,048 | 22,677 | 25,724 | 25,466 |
| 津山 | 美作国 | 15,411 | 19,411 | 14,709 |  | 14,457 |  | 14,478 |  |  |  | 14,996 | 15,012 | 14,582 | 15,241 | 15,306 |
| 岡山 | 備前国 | 32,372 | 32,372 | 33,028 | 33,028 | 32,383 | 32,383 | 31,502 | 31,502 | 31,917 | 32,008 | 30,007 | 31,789 | 32,989 | 41,967 | 43,885 |
| 玉島町 | 備中国 | 2,939 | 6,058 | 7,346 |  | 9,956 |  | 9,884 |  |  |  | 3,004 | 3,046 | 16,325 |  |  |
| 尾道 | 備後国 | 9,722 | 15,766 | 16,312 |  | 16,048 |  | 16,628 |  |  |  | 16,380 | 16,602 | 17,307 | 18,707 | 18,002 |
| 福山 | 備後国 | 17,643 | 17,667 | 17,548 |  | 17,239 |  | 17,022 |  |  |  | 16,874 | 16,342 | 14,663 | 14,598 | 14,587 |
| 広島 | 安芸国 | 74,305 | 66,906 | 76,707 | 76,589 | 76,484 | 76,890 | 74,950 | 75,986 | 78,669 | 77,485 | 75,791 | 77,344 | 81,914 | 84,094 | 84,873 |
| 宮原 | 安芸国 |  | 2,227 | 2,716 |  | 3,616 |  | 2,478 |  |  |  | 4,961 | 4,958 | 11,160 |  |  |
| 瀬戸島 | 安芸国 |  | 3,033 | 3,853 |  | 3,842 |  | 3,761 |  |  |  | 3,332 | 3,322 | 10,271 |  |  |
| 倉橋島 | 安芸国 |  | 2,889 | 3,184 |  | 3,197 |  | 3,197 |  |  |  | 3,188 | 3,136 | 12,781 |  |  |
| 蒲刈島 | 安芸国 |  | 1,847 | 3,073 |  | 2,068 |  | 2,093 |  |  |  | 2,143 | 2,119 | 11,253 |  |  |
| 広 | 安芸国 |  | 1,894 | 3,463 |  | 2,862 |  | 2,900 |  |  |  |  |  | 13,377 |  |  |
| 岩国 | 周防国 | 11,684 | 3,057 | 9,161 |  | 9,568 |  | 9,313 |  |  |  | 11,263 | 10,779 | 8,187 | 10,209 | 10,177 |
| 徳山 | 周防国 | 6,995 | 3,983 | 4,387 |  | 4,385 |  | 4,388 |  |  |  | 5,500 | 5,465 | 11,511 |  |  |
| 山口 | 周防国 | 9,279 | 8,933 | 8,946 |  | 9,265 |  | 9,105 |  |  |  | 11,209 | 11,325 | 11,447 | 12,640 | 13,332 |
| 赤間関 | 長門国 | 18,500 | 21,175 | 20,966 | 26,502 | 21,655 | 26,306 | 23,527 | 27,179 | 27,427 | 27,833 | 22,637 | 23,310 | 30,825 | 33,725 | 32,384 |
| 萩 | 長門国 | 45,318 | 30,092 | 25,600 |  | 22,589 |  | 24,874 |  |  |  | 40,627 | 36,762 | 21,206 | 21,048 | 20,345 |
| 和歌山 | 紀伊国 | 61,124 | 61,105 | 62,090 | 62,080 | 60,492 | 60,492 | 58,239 | 58,696 | 57,186 | 56,823 | 56,973 | 55,574 | 54,868 | 56,495 | 55,097 |
| 田辺 | 紀伊国 | 7,485 | 7,203 | 10,260 |  | 10,855 |  | 10,843 |  |  |  | 7,230 | 7,186 | 6,281 |  |  |
| 撫養 | 阿波国 | 1,225 | 1,470 | 10,237 |  | 10,255 |  | 10,297 |  |  |  | 10,907 | 10,962 | 17,075 | 18,382 | 18,477 |
| 徳島 | 阿波国 | 48,861 | 48,861 | 39,872 |  | 43,251 |  | 45,899 |  |  |  | 60,475 | 60,541 | 57,456 | 59,857 | 60,080 |
| 高松 | 讃岐国 | 32,736 | 32,736 | 30,248 |  | 44,029 |  | 33,159 |  |  |  | 33,586 | 33,118 | 37,698 | 38,361 | 38,294 |
| 丸亀 | 讃岐国 | 13,875 | 13,753 | 12,869 |  | 14,276 |  | 15,135 |  |  |  | 13,016 | 13,260 | 16,149 | 18,048 | 17,241 |
| 観音寺 | 讃岐国 | 3,072 | 6,105 | 10,391 |  | 10,301 |  | 10,706 |  |  |  | 11,167 | 11,122 | 10,685 | 11,135 | 11,251 |
| 松山 | 伊予国 | 26,141 | 26,424 | 28,054 |  | 27,456 |  | 27,650 |  |  |  | 28,448 | 29,614 | 29,487 | 31,037 | 34,410 |
| 今治 | 伊予国 | 12,000 | 12,177 | 9,842 |  | 8,954 |  | 9,000 |  |  |  | 7,071 | 7,264 | 13,101 | 13,547 | 11,827 |
| 宇和島 | 伊予国 | 12,209 | 15,396 | 12,453 |  | 12,181 |  | 12,062 |  |  |  | 14,903 | 13,942 | 11,705 | 10,933 | 11,466 |
| 高知 | 土佐国 | 39,757 | 29,539 | 29,052 |  | 31,299 |  | 26,384 |  |  |  | 27,020 | 28,720 | 30,987 | 32,860 | 31,209 |
| 福岡区 | 筑前国 | 41,635 | 41,635 | 45,480 | 45,480 | 45,712 | 45,860 | 46,363 | 46,263 | 46,262 | 45,838 | 45,940 | 46,506 | 42,617 | 50,442 | 48,850 |
| 　福岡 | 筑前国 | 20,650 | 20,650 | 21,733 |  | 21,579 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19,663 |  |  |
| 　博多 | 筑前国 | 20,985 | 20,985 | 23,747 |  | 24,133 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 22,954 |  |  |
| 久留米 | 筑後国 | 20,381 | 20,682 | 12,363 |  | 14,143 |  | 22,735 |  |  |  | 22,060 | 21,876 | 20,907 | 23,982 | 20,738 |
| 柳川 | 筑後国 | 8,865 | 11,662 | 14,057 |  | 14,230 |  | 13,887 |  |  |  | 13,362 | 13,146 | 12,350 | 18,931 | 13,559 |
| 小倉 | 豊前国 | 7,459 | 7,459 | 9,378 |  | 9,601 |  | 11,076 |  |  |  | 9,942 | 10,207 | 11,594 | 14,212 | 14,800 |
| 中津 | 豊前国 | 11,538 | 11,538 | 11,350 |  | 11,031 |  | 11,704 |  |  |  | 11,057 | 11,035 | 15,518 | 15,452 | 15,272 |
| 大分 | 豊後国 | 6,821 | 6,924 | 7,051 |  | 6,844 |  | 7,219 |  |  |  | 10,612 | 13,126 | 14,315 | 15,181 | 15,512 |
| 臼杵 | 豊後国 | 10,738 | 9,419 | 9,747 |  | 10,116 |  | 10,138 |  |  |  | 12,301 | 11,883 | 11,370 | 11,381 | 11,402 |
| 長崎 | 肥前国 | 29,656 | 29,656 | 32,607 | 32,815 | 32,876 | 32,876 | 32,013 | 32,013 | 32,550 | 32,813 | 33,073 | 39,016 | 38,229 | 40,187 | 43,669 |
| 深堀 | 肥前国 | 11,463 | 2,908 | 6,794 |  | 6,567 |  | 2,575 |  |  |  | 2,868 | 2,857 | 3,167 |  |  |
| 島原 | 肥前国 | 18,682 | 18,682 | 18,771 |  | 18,055 |  | 14,919 |  |  |  | 17,922 | 17,910 | 17,593 | 18,123 | 19,153 |
| 佐賀 | 肥前国 | 21,660 | 21,661 | 15,248 |  | 15,048 |  | 16,058 |  |  |  | 24,218 | 24,292 | 24,657 | 25,481 | 25,584 |
| 福江 | 肥前国 | 17,787 | 8,694 | 9,664 |  | 9,396 |  | 9,486 |  |  |  | 7,476 | 7,510 | 8,976 |  |  |
| 平戸 | 肥前国 | 10,558 | 3,258 | 3,357 |  | 3,278 |  | 3,248 |  |  |  | 10,308 | 10,441 | 10,775 |  |  |
| 熊本 | 肥後国 | 44,620 | 44,619 | 44,607 | 45,033 | 41,163 | 45,896 | 41,949 | 41,869 | 41,131 | 41,270 | 41,098 | 41,317 | 44,384 | 47,602 | 52,189 |
| 八代 | 肥後国 | 9,021 | 9,021 | 9,400 |  | 9,655 |  | 9,573 |  |  |  | 9,783 | 9,682 | 10,069 |  |  |
| 高鍋 | 日向国 | 3,279 | 3,335 | 2,794 |  | 2,895 |  | 3,065 |  |  |  | 22,579 | 22,427 | 4,313 |  |  |
| 都城 | 日向国 | 7,390 | 7,318 | 7,710 |  | 5,176 |  | 6,144 |  |  |  | 8,533 | 8,608 | 10,118 |  |  |
| 延岡 | 日向国 | 6,861 | 7,691 | 3,250 |  | 3,509 |  | 3,451 |  |  |  | 5,882 | 5,644 | 13,578 |  |  |
| 宮崎 | 日向国 | 11,929 | 1,737 | 1,192 |  | 1,409 |  | 1,224 |  |  |  | 16,446 | 16,659 | 4,715 |  |  |
| 飫肥 | 日向国 | 2,746 | 4,099 |  |  | 1,000 |  | 1,020 |  |  |  | 33,869 | 33,850 | 4,963 |  |  |
| 佐土原 | 日向国 | 873 | 1,256 |  |  |  |  | 1,229 |  |  |  | 19,145 | 19,124 |  |  |  |
| 国分 | 大隅国 | 17,144 | 1,458 | 4,163 |  | 4,100 |  | 10,500 |  |  |  | 18,085 | 18,038 | 1,084 |  |  |
| 鹿児島 | 薩摩国 | 27,240 | 89,374 | 53,337 |  | 20,171 |  | 20,670 |  |  |  | 49,360 | 47,583 | 45,097 | 49,858 | 47,512 |
| 谷山 | 薩摩国 | 21,087 | 3,634 | 2,331 |  | 4,277 |  | 4,035 |  |  |  | 11,337 | 11,200 | 2,329 |  |  |
| 指宿 | 薩摩国 | 11,588 | 1,162 | 3,212 |  | 1,471 |  | 1,046 |  |  |  | 5,154 | 5,155 | 4,358 |  |  |
| 加世田 | 薩摩国 | 31,595 | 1,305 | 10,506 |  | 8,603 |  | 10,299 |  |  |  | 8,673 | 8,673 | 5,376 |  |  |
| 鹿籠/枕崎 | 薩摩国 | 24,902 | 4,234 | 5,503 |  | 5,503 |  | 5,547 |  |  |  | 6,950 | 6,971 | 4,094 |  |  |
| 首里 | 琉球藩 | 44,984 |  |  | 24,072 | 22,542 |  | 24,922 | 24,922 | 24,648 | 24,515 | 24,409 | 24,462 | 25,587 | 25,604 | 25,790 |
| 那覇 | 琉球藩 | 14,610 |  |  | 15,192 | 14,905 |  | 13,358 | 23,664 | 14,077 | 14,169 | 24,311 | 25,043 | 27,193 | 31,112 | 26,340 |
| 江差 | 渡島国 | 9,158 |  | 11,761 |  | 9,672 |  | 9,909 |  |  |  | 9,377 | 13,142 | 11,615 | 12,545 | 12,718 |
| 福山 | 渡島国 | 16,092 | 16,092 | 15,372 |  | 14,360 |  | 13,961 |  |  |  | 13,003 | 10,879 | 10,187 | 11,355 | 11,897 |
| 函館 | 渡島国 | 28,825 | 28,825 | 31,186 | 22,088 | 21,104 | 22,307 | 22,008 | 23,069 | 25,257 | 26,121 | 26,908 | 38,417 | 45,477 | 47,110 | 52,693 |
| 小樽 | 後志国 | 3,903 | 2,435 | 2,953 |  | 3,335 |  | 3,710 |  |  |  | 6,070 | 13,011 | 15,882 | 10,818 | 11,984 |
| 札幌 | 石狩国 | 1,785 | 1,785 | 2,678 | 8,782 | 2,910 | 9,078 | 3,384 | 9,779 | 10,670 | 12,051 | 12,834 | 20,326 | 15,041 | 13,816 | 14,389 |