プラスチック汚染
引用

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1 2  National Geographic, 30 Oct. 2020, "U.S. Generates More Plastic Trash than Any Other Nation, Report Finds: The Plastic Pollution Crisis Has Been Widely Blamed on a Handful of Asian Countries, But New Research Shows Just How Much the U.S. Contributes"
1 2  UN Environment Programme, 12 May 2019 "Governments Agree Landmark Decisions to Protect People and Planet from Hazardous Chemicals and Waste, Including Plastic Waste"
1 2  The Guardian, 10 May 2019, "Nearly All Countries Agree to Stem Flow of Plastic Waste into Poor Nations: US Reportedly Opposed Deal, which Follows Concerns that Villages in Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia Had ‘Turned into Dumpsites’"
1 2  Phys.org, 10 May 2019 "180 Nations Agree UN Deal to Regulate Export of Plastic Waste"
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↑  https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/42277/Plastic_pollution.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Turning off the Tap: How the world can end plastic pollution and create a circular economy, UN Environment Programme, May 16, 2023.
↑  Nast, Condé (2023年5月18日). “プラスチック汚染は、いまや「破壊的」なレベルに到達した：国連報告書が示す深刻な懸念と、問題解決への抜本的な道筋”. WIRED.jp. 2023年12月18日閲覧。
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↑  The Guardian, 1 Dec. 2021 "‘Deluge of Plastic Waste’: US Is World’s Biggest Plastic Polluter; At 42m Metric Tons of Plastic Waste a Year, The US Generates More Waste than All EU Countries Combined"
↑  2021 Consensus Study Report of the Committee of Experts of the United States National Academies of Engineering, Sciences and Medicine "Reckoning with the U.S. Role in Global Ocean Plastic Waste"
↑  Statista, Ian Tiseo, 14 Apr. 2021 "Per capita plastic waste generation in select countries worldwide in 2016(in kilograms a year)"
↑  Science, 30 Oct. 2020 "The United States’ Contribution of Plastic Waste to Land and Ocean"
1 2  “UNTC”. web.archive.org (2012年9月9日). 2023年11月5日閲覧。
↑  Tabuchi, Hiroko; Corkery, Michael (2021年3月12日). “Countries Tried to Curb Trade in Plastic Waste. The U.S. Is Shipping More.” (英語). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/12/climate/plastics-waste-export-ban.html 2021年3月17日閲覧。
1 2  https://www.env.go.jp/content/900515691.pdf　廃プラスチックのリサイクル等に関する 国内及び国外の状況について、環境省　2019年
↑  Denyer, Simon (2019年6月18日). “Japan wraps everything in plastic. Now it wants to fight against plastic pollution.” (英語). Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/japan-wraps-everything-in-plastic-now-it-wants-to-fight-against-plastic-pollution/2019/06/18/463fa73c-7298-11e9-9331-30bc5836f48e_story.html 2023年11月7日閲覧。
↑  “The over-packaging problem in Japan” (英語). Univibes. 2023年11月7日閲覧。
↑  All the plastic that's left after making dinner in Japan, June 18, 2019. ワシントンポスト紙の記者が東京のスーパーマーケットで、きゅうり一本に至るまで野菜がすべてプラスチック包装されているのをリポートしている。
↑  Joe, Melinda. “Quitting single-use plastic in Japan” (英語). www.bbc.com. 2023年11月8日閲覧。
↑  “Over-wrapped! How To Limit Plastic Waste While In Japan | LIVE JAPAN travel guide” (英語). LIVE JAPAN. 2023年11月9日閲覧。
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↑  “People vs Plastic – Global Support for a Strong Plastics Treaty”.   Greenpeace. pp. 14-23. 2024年4月29日閲覧。
↑  Jambeck, Jenna R.; Geyer, Roland; Wilcox, Chris; Siegler, Theodore R.; Perryman, Miriam; Andrady, Anthony; Narayan, Ramani; Law, Kara Lavender (2015-02-13). “Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean” (英語). Science 347 (6223):  768–771. doi:10.1126/science.1260352. ISSN 0036-8075. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1260352.
↑  Borrelle, Stephanie B.; Ringma, Jeremy; Law, Kara Lavender; Monnahan, Cole C.; Lebreton, Laurent; McGivern, Alexis; Murphy, Erin; Jambeck, Jenna et al. (2020-09-18). “Predicted growth in plastic waste exceeds efforts to mitigate plastic pollution” (英語). Science 369 (6510):  1515–1518. doi:10.1126/science.aba3656. ISSN 0036-8075. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aba3656.
↑  Lau, Winnie W. Y.; Shiran, Yonathan; Bailey, Richard M.; Cook, Ed; Stuchtey, Martin R.; Koskella, Julia; Velis, Costas A.; Godfrey, Linda et al. (2020-09-18). “Evaluating scenarios toward zero plastic pollution” (英語). Science 369 (6510):  1455–1461. doi:10.1126/science.aba9475. ISSN 0036-8075. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aba9475.
↑  ((National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine)) (2022). “Summary” (英語). Reckoning with the U.S. Role in Global Ocean Plastic Waste. Washington: The National Academies Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-309-45885-6. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26132/reckoning-with-the-us-role-in-global-ocean-plastic-waste 20 June 2022閲覧. "An estimated 8 million metric tons (MMT) of plastic waste enter the world’s ocean each year"
↑  https://web.archive.org/web/20150223140548/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB20530567965804683707904580457713291864670 Harald Franzen (30 November 2017). The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 23 February 2015. リンク切れ
↑  “Top 20 Countries Ranked by Mass of Mismanaged Plastic Waste”. Earth Day.org (4 June 2018). 2023年11月5日閲覧。
↑  Kushboo Sheth (18 September 2019). “Countries Putting The Most Plastic Waste Into The Oceans”. worldatlas.com. 2023年11月5日閲覧。
↑  Lebreton, Laurent; Andrady, Anthony (2019). “Future scenarios of global plastic waste generation and disposal”. Palgrave Communications (Nature) 5 (1). doi:10.1057/s41599-018-0212-7. ISSN 2055-1045. Lebreton2019. "the Asian continent was in 2015 the leading generating region of plastic waste with 82 Mt, followed by Europe (31 Mt) and Northern America (29 Mt). Latin America (including the Caribbean) and Africa each produced 19 Mt of plastic waste while Oceania generated about 0.9 Mt."
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↑  Cottom, Joshua W.; Cook, Ed; Velis, Costas A. (2024-09). “A local-to-global emissions inventory of macroplastic pollution” (英語). Nature 633 (8028):  101–108. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07758-6. ISSN 1476-4687. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07758-6.
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1 2  Changing Markets Foundation, 17 Sept. 2020, "Ground-Breaking Report Reveals Hypocrisy of World’s Biggest Plastic Polluters: ‘Talking Trash’ Exposes How Big Plastic Has Obstructed and Undermined Proven Legislative Solutions to The Crisis for Decades"
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↑  BNN Bloomberg, 17 Sept. 2020, "Voluntary Efforts Curb the World’s Plastic Problem Aren’t Working"
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↑  Knight 2012, p. 13.
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↑  Ross, Peter S.; Chastain, Stephen; Vassilenko, Ekaterina; Etemadifar, Anahita; Zimmermann, Sarah; Quesnel, Sarah-Ann; Eert, Jane; Solomon, Eric et al. (2021). “Pervasive distribution of polyester fibres in the Arctic Ocean is driven by Atlantic inputs”. Nature Communications 12 (1):  106. Bibcode: 2021NatCo..12..106R. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20347-1. PMC 7804434. PMID 33436597. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7804434/.
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↑  Carrington, Damian (7 December 2021). “'Disastrous' plastic use in farming threatens food safety – UN”. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/dec/07/disastrous-plastic-use-in-farming-threatens-food-safety-un 8 December 2021閲覧。
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