Abad Pertengahan
Rujukan

Adams, Laurie Schneider (2001). A History of Western Art (edisi ke-ke-3). Boston, Massachusetts: McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-231717-5.
Albrow, Martin (1997). The Global Age: State and Society Beyond Modernity. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-2870-4.
Backman, Clifford R. (2003). The Worlds of Medieval Europe. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-512169-8.
Barber, Malcolm (1992). The Two Cities: Medieval Europe 1050–1320. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-09682-0.
Barber, Richard (1978). Edward, Prince of Wales and Aquitaine: A Biography of the Black Prince. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0-684-15864-7.
Barlow, Frank (1988). The Feudal Kingdom of England 1042–1216 (edisi ke-Ke-4). New York: Longman. ISBN 0-582-49504-0.
Bauer, Susan Wise (2010). The History of the Medieval World: From the Conversion of Constantine to the First Crusade. New York: W. W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-05975-5.
Benton, Janetta Rebold (2002). Art of the Middle Ages. World of Art. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-20350-4.
British Library Staff (8 Januari 2008). "Incunabula Short Title Catalogue". British Library. Diakses tanggal 8 April 2012.
Brown, Peter (1989). The World of Late Antiquity AD 150–750. Library of World Civilization. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-95803-5.
Brown, Thomas (1998). "The Transformation of the Roman Mediterranean, 400–900".  Dalam Holmes, George. The Oxford Illustrated History of Medieval Europe. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. hlm. 1–62. ISBN 0-19-285220-5.
Bruni, Leonardo (2001).  Hankins, James, ed. History of the Florentine People. 1. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-00506-8.
Colish, Marcia L. (1997). Medieval Foundations of the Western Intellectual Tradition 400–1400. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-07852-8.
Collins, Roger (1999). Early Medieval Europe: 300–1000 (edisi ke-ke-2). New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-21886-9.
Coredon, Christopher (2007). A Dictionary of Medieval Terms & Phrases (edisi ke-Cetak ulang). Woodbridge, Britania Raya: D. S. Brewer. ISBN 978-1-84384-138-8.
Cosman, Madeleine Pelner (2007). Medieval Wordbook: More the 4,000 Terms and Expressions from Medieval Culture. New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-7607-8725-0.
Crampton, R. J. (2005). A Concise History of Bulgaria. Cambridge, Britania Raya: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-61637-9.
Cunliffe, Barry (2008). Europe Between the Oceans: Themes and Variations 9000 BC-AD 1000. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11923-7.
Curta, Florin (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages 500–1250. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge, Britania Raya: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-89452-2.
Davies, Norman (1996). Europe: A History. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-520912-5.
Denley, Peter (1998). "The Mediterranean in the Age of the Renaissance, 1200–1500".  Dalam Holmes, George. The Oxford Illustrated History of Medieval Europe. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. hlm. 235–296. ISBN 0-19-285220-5.
Dodwell, C. R. (1993). The Pictorial Arts of the West: 800–1200. Pellican History of Art. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-06493-4.
Eastwood, Bruce (2007). Ordering the Heavens: Roman Astronomy and Cosmology in the Carolingian Renaissance. History of Science and Medicine Library. Boston, Massachusetts: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16186-3.
Epstein, Steven A. (2009). An Economic and Social History of Later Medieval Europe, 1000–1500. Cambridge, Britania Raya: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-70653-7.
Flexner, Stuart Berg (ed.). The Random House Dictionary of the English Language: Unabridged (edisi ke-Ke-2). New York: Random House. ISBN 0-394-50050-4.
Gainty, Denis; Ward, Walter D. (2009). Sources of World Societies: Volume 2: Since 1500. Boston, Massachusetts: Bedford/St. Martin's. ISBN 0-312-68858-X.
Geary, Patrick J. (1988). Before France and Germany: The Creation and Transformation of the Merovingian World. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-504458-4.
Gies, Joseph; Gies, Frances (1973). Life in a Medieval City. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell. ISBN 0-8152-0345-4.
Grant, Edward (2001). God and Reason in the Middle Ages. Cambridge, Britania Raya: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-80279-6.
Grant, E. (1994). Planets, Stars, & Orbs: The Medieval Cosmos, 1200–1687. Cambridge, Britania Raya: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43344-0.
Grierson, Philip (1989). "Coinage and currency".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 97–98. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Griffiths, Antony (1996). Prints and Printmaking. London: British Museum Press. ISBN 0-7141-2608-X.
Hallam, Elizabeth M.; Everard, Judith (2001). Capetian France 987–1328 (edisi ke-Ke-2). New York: Longman. ISBN 0-582-40428-2.
Hamilton, Bernard (2003). Religion in the Medieval West (edisi ke-Ke-2). London: Arnold. ISBN 0-340-80839-X.
Heather, Peter (2006). The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-532541-6.
Henderson, George (1977). Early Medieval (edisi ke-Revisi). New York: Penguin. OCLC 641757789.
Holmes, George, ed. (1988). The Oxford History of Medieval Europe. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-285272-8.
Ilardi, Vincent (2007). Renaissance Vision from Spectacles to Telescopes. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. ISBN 978-0-87169-259-7.
James, Edward (2009). Europe's Barbarians: AD 200–600. The Medieval World. Harlow, Britania Raya: Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-77296-0.
Jordan, William C. (2003). Europe in the High Middle Ages. Penguin History of Europe. New York: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-03202-0.
Kamen, Henry (2005). Spain 1469–1714 (edisi ke-Ke-3). New York: Pearson/Longman. ISBN 0-582-78464-6.
Kaufmann, J. E.; Kaufmann, H. W. (2001). The Medieval Fortress: Castles, Forts and Walled Cities of the Middle Ages (edisi ke-2004). Cambridge, Massachusetts: De Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-81358-0.
Keen, Maurice (1988) [1968]. The Pelican History of Medieval Europe. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-021085-7.
Kitzinger, Ernst (1955). Early Medieval Art at the British Museum (edisi ke-Ke-2). London: British Museum. OCLC 510455.
Knox, E. L. "History of the Idea of the Renaissance". Europe in the Late Middle Ages. Boise State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 February 2012. Diakses tanggal 25 Desember 2012.
Lasko, Peter (1972). Ars Sacra, 800–1200. Penguin History of Art (sekarang Yale). New York: Penguin. ISBN 0-14-056036-X.
Lawrence, C.H (2001). Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages (edisi ke-Ke-3). Harlow, Britania Raya: Longman. ISBN 0-582-40427-4.
Lightbown, Ronald W. (1978). Secular Goldsmiths' Work in Medieval France: A History. Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0-500-99027-1.
Lindberg, David C.; Numbers, Ronald L. (1986). "Beyond War and Peace: A Reappraisal of the Encounter between Christianity and Science". Church History. 55 (3): 338–354. doi:10.2307/3166822. JSTOR 3166822.
Lindberg, David C. (2003). "The Medieval Church Encounters the Classical Tradition: Saint Augustine, Roger Bacon, and the Handmaiden Metaphor".  Dalam Lindberg, David C. and Numbers, Ronald L. When Science & Christianity Meet. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-48214-6. Pemeliharaan CS1: Menggunakan parameter penyunting (link)
Lock, Peter (2006). Routledge Companion to the Crusades. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-39312-4.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Avignon".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 45. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Eleanor of Aquitaine".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 122. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Famine".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 127–128. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Great Schism".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 153. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Hundred Years' War".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 176. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Jews".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 190–192. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Knights of the Temple (Templars)".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 201–202. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Language and dialect".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 204. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Loyn, H. R. (1989). "Scholasticism".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 293–294. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
"Mediaeval". The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary: Complete Text Arranged Micrographically: Volume I A-0. Glascow: Oxford University Press. 1971. hlm. M290. LCCN 72177361. OCLC 490339790.
"Middle Ages". Dictionary.com. 2004. Diakses tanggal 7 April 2012.
Miglio, Massimo (2006). "Curial Humanism seen through the Prism of the Papal Library".  Dalam Mazzocco, Angelo. Interpretations of Renaissance Humanism. Brill's Studies in Intellectual History. Leiden: Brill. hlm. 97–112. ISBN 978-90-04-15244-1.
Mommsen, Theodore (April 1942). "Petrarch's Conception of the 'Dark Ages'". Speculum. 17 (2): 226–242. doi:10.2307/2856364. JSTOR 2856364.
Morris, Rosemary (1998). "Northern Europe invades the Mediterranean, 900–1200".  Dalam Holmes, George. The Oxford Illustrated History of Medieval Europe. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. hlm. 175–234. ISBN 0-19-285220-5.
Murray, Alexander (2004). "Should the Middle Ages Be Abolished?". Essays in Medieval Studies. 21: 1–22. doi:10.1353/ems.2005.0010.
Nees, Lawrence (2002). Early Medieval Art. Oxford History of Art. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-284243-5.
Nicolle, David (1999). Medieval Warfare Source Book: Warfare In Western Christendom. London: Brockhampton Press. ISBN 1-86019-889-9.
Numbers, Ronald (11 May 2006). "Myths and Truths in Science and Religion: A historical perspective" (PDF). Lecture archive. The Faraday Institute for Science and Religion. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-10-01. Diakses tanggal 25 Januari 2013.
Payne, Robert (2000). The Dream and the Tomb: A History of the Crusades (edisi ke-Jilid lunak perdana). New York: Cooper Square Press. ISBN 0-8154-1086-7.
Peters, Ted (2005). "Science and Religion".  Dalam Jones, Lindsay. Encyclopedia of Religion. 12 (edisi ke-Ke-2). Detroit, Michigan: MacMillan Reference. hlm. 8182. ISBN 978-0-02-865980-0.
Power, Daniel (2006). The Central Middle Ages: Europe 950–1320. The Short Oxford History of Europe. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-925312-8.
Reilly, Bernard F. (1993). The Medieval Spains. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge, Britania Raya: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-39741-3.
Riley-Smith, Jonathan (1989). "Crusades".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 106–107. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Rosenwein, Barbara H. (1982). Rhinoceros Bound: Cluny in the Tenth Century. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-7830-5.
Russell, Jeffey Burton (1991). Inventing the Flat Earth-Columbus and Modern Historians. Westport, CT: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-95904-X.
Saul, Nigel (2000). A Companion to Medieval England 1066–1485. Stroud, Britania Raya: Tempus. ISBN 0-7524-2969-8.
Schove, D. Justin (1989). "Plague".  Dalam Loyn, H. R. The Middle Ages: A Concise Encyclopedia. London: Thames and Hudson. hlm. 267–269. ISBN 0-500-27645-5.
Singman, Jeffrey L. (1999). Daily Life in Medieval Europe. Daily Life Through History. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-30273-1.
Stalley, Roger (1999). Early Medieval Architecture. Oxford History of Art. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-284223-7.
Tansey, Richard G.; Gardner, Helen Louise; De la Croix, Horst (1986). Gardner's Art Through the Ages (edisi ke-ke-8). San Diego, California: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. ISBN 0-15-503763-3.
Thomson, John A. F. (1998). The Western Church in the Middle Ages. London: Arnold. ISBN 0-340-60118-3.
Vale, Malcolm (1998). "The Civilization of Courts and Cities in the North, 1200–1500".  Dalam Holmes, George. The Oxford Illustrated History of Medieval Europe. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. hlm. 297–351. ISBN 0-19-285220-5.
Watts, John (2009). The Making of Polities: Europe, 1300–1500. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge, Britania Raya: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79664-4.
Whitton, David (1998). "The Society of Northern Europe in the High Middle Ages, 900–1200".  Dalam Holmes, George. The Oxford Illustrated History of Medieval Europe. Oxford, Britania Raya: Oxford University Press. hlm. 115–174. ISBN 0-19-285220-5.
Wickham, Chris (2009). The Inheritance of Rome: Illuminating the Dark Ages 400–1000. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-311742-1.