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1 2  Gould, Stephen Jay, & Eldredge, Niles (1977). "Punctuated equilibria: the tempo and mode of evolution reconsidered." Diarsipkan 2014-06-24 di Wayback Machine. Paleobiology 3 (2): 115-151. (p.145)
1 2 3  Eldredge, Niles and S. J. Gould (1972). "Punctuated equilibria: an alternative to phyletic gradualism" Diarsipkan 2018-07-23 di Wayback Machine. In T.J.M. Schopf, ed., Models in Paleobiology. San Francisco: Freeman Cooper. pp. 82-115. Reprinted in N. Eldredge Time frames. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1985, pp. 193-223 Diarsipkan 2009-04-22 di Wayback Machine..
1 2 3  Mayr, Ernst (1954). "Change of genetic environment and evolution" Diarsipkan 2017-08-03 di Wayback Machine. In J. Huxley, A. C. Hardy and E. B. Ford. Evolution as a Process. London: Allen and Unwin, pp. 157-180.
↑  Lerner, Israel Michael (1954). Genetic Homeostasis. New York: John Wiley.
1 2  Eldredge, Niles (1971). "The allopatric model and phylogeny in Paleozoic invertebrates" (PDF). Evolution. 25 (1): 156–167. doi:10.2307/2406508. JSTOR 2406508. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-05-13. Diakses tanggal 2012-01-21.
↑  Gould, S. J. (1969). "An evolutionary microcosm: Pleistocene and Recent history of the land snail P. (Poecilozonites) in Bermuda". Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 138: 407–532.
1 2 3 4  Mayr, Ernst (1992). "Speciational Evolution or Punctuated Equilibria." Diarsipkan 2018-09-07 di Wayback Machine. In Albert Somit and Steven Peterson The Dynamics of Evolution. New York: Cornell University Press, pp. 21-48.
↑  Shermer, Michael (2001). The Borderlands of Science. New York: Oxford University Press.
↑  Geary, Dana (2008). "The Legacy of Punctuated equilibrium." Diarsipkan 2023-03-27 di Wayback Machine. In Warren D. Allmon et al. Stephen Jay Gould: Reflections on His View of Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 127-145.
↑  Schindewolf, Otto (1936). Paldontologie, Entwicklungslehre und Genetik. Berlin: Borntraeger.
↑  Gould, Stephen Jay (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. hlm. 775. ISBN 0-674-00613-5.
1 2  Gould, S. J. (1991). "Opus 200" Diarsipkan 2019-04-30 di Wayback Machine. Natural History 100 (August): 12-18.
↑  Eldredge, N. 1985. Time Frames: The evolution of punctuated equilibria. Princeton: Princeton University Press, p. 120.
↑  Wilkins, John S. and G.J. Nelson (2008). "Trémaux on species: A theory of allopatric speciation (and punctuated equilibrium) before Wagner." Diarsipkan 2012-03-05 di Wayback Machine. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 30: 179-206.
1 2  Mayr, Ernst (1963). Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
↑  Gould, S. J. (1982). "Punctuated Equilibrium—A Different Way of Seeing," Diarsipkan 2023-03-27 di Wayback Machine. New Scientist 94 (April 15): 138.
↑  Futuyma, Douglas (1987). "On the role of species in anagenesis". American Naturalist. 130 (3): 465–473. doi:10.1086/284724.
↑  Nichol, S.T, Joan Rowe, and Wlater M. Fitch (1993). "Punctuated equilibrium and positive Darwinian evolution in vesicular stomatitis virus." Diarsipkan 2016-02-23 di Wayback Machine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 90 (Nov.): 10424-28.
↑  Gould, S. J. 2002. The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, hal. 875 Diarsipkan 2023-03-27 di Wayback Machine..
↑  Wake, David B.; Roth, G.; Wake, M. H. (1983). "On the problem of stasis in organismal evolution". Journal of Theoretical Biology. 101 (2): 212.
↑  Simpson, G. G. (1944). Tempo and Mode in Evolution. Columbia University Press. New York, hal. 203.
↑  Gould, S. J. 2002. The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, hal. 39 Diarsipkan 2023-03-27 di Wayback Machine..
1 2  Futuyma, Douglas (2005). Evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, hal. 86.
↑  Eldredge, N.; Gould, S. J. (1974). "Reply to Hecht". Evolutionary Biology. 7: 305–306.
↑  Niles Eldredge (1989). Time Frames. Princeton University Press, hal. 139-141.
1 2  Lieberman, B. S.; Dudgeon, S. (1996). "An evaluation of stabilizing selection as a mechanism for stasis". Palaeogeog. Palaeoclimat. Palaeoecol. 127: 229–238.
↑  Stenseth, N. C.; Smith, J. Maynard (1984). "Coevolution in ecosystems: Red Queen evolution or stasis?". Evolution. 38 (4): 870–880.
↑  Williams, G. C. (1992). Natural Selection: Domains, Levels and Challenges. NY: Oxford University Press, hal. 132.
↑  Koeslag, J.H. (1990). Koinophilia groups sexual creatures into species, promotes stasis, and stabilizes social behaviour. J. theor. Biol. 144, 15-35
↑  Koeslag, J.H. (1995). On the engine of speciation. J. theor. Biol. 177, 401-409
↑  Maynard Smith, John (1989). Did Darwin Get it Right? New York: Chapman and Hall, hal. 126.
↑  Sterelny, Kim (2007). Dawkins vs. Gould: Survival of the Fittest. Cambridge, U.K.: Icon Books, hal. 96.
↑  Gould, S. J. (1976). "The Return of Hopeful Monsters," Diarsipkan 2019-11-28 di Wayback Machine. Natural History 86 (June/July): 22-30.
↑  Mayr, Ernst (1982). Growth of Biological Thought. Harvard University Press, hal. 617
↑  Maynard Smith, J. (1983) "The genetics of stasis and punctuations." Diarsipkan 2010-12-06 di Wayback Machine. Annual Review of Genetics 17: 12.
↑  Ruse, Michael (1985) Sociobiology, Sense or Nonsense? New York: Springer, hal. 216.
↑  For reply see S. J. Gould Structure. 2002, hal. 765, 778, 1001, 1005, 1009; R. Dawkins The Blind Watchmaker. 1996, hal. 230-36; and D. Dennett Darwin's Dangerous Idea. 1996, hal. 288-289.
↑  Hanegraaff, Hank (1998). The Face That Demonstrates the Farce of Evolution. Nashville, TN: Word Publishing, pp. 40-45.
↑  Gould, S. J. (1981). "Evolution as Fact and Theory," Diarsipkan 2019-03-17 di Wayback Machine. Discover 2 (May): 34-37.
↑  Ayala, F. (2005). "The Structure of Evolutionary Theory" (PDF). Theology and Science. 3 (1): 104. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-09-23. Diakses tanggal 2012-07-11.
↑  Gould, S. J. (2007) Punctuated equilibrium. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, hal. 26.
1 2  Simpson, G. G. (1944). Tempo and Mode in Evolution. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, p. 206
↑  Simpson, G. G. (1953). The Major Features of Evolution Diarsipkan 2019-04-21 di Wayback Machine.. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, hal. 390.
↑  Wright, Sewall (1982). "Character change, speciation, and the higher taxa" (PDF). Evolution. 56 (3): 427. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2011-08-28. Diakses tanggal 2012-07-11.
↑  Simpson, G. G. (1984) Tempo and Mode in Evolution. Reprint. Columbia University Press, p. xxv.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., Chapter 9. (hal. 224-252)
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., hal. 227.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker, hal. 228. Dawkins' exception to this rule is the non-adaptive evolution observed in molecular evolution.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker, hal. 245.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker, hal. 245-246.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker, hal. 240.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker, hal. 250-251.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker, hal. 241.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker, hal. 250.
↑  Dawkins, Richard (1996). The Blind Watchmaker, hal. 251.
↑  Dennett, Daniel (1995). Darwin's Dangerous Idea. New York: Simon & Schuster, hal. 282-299.
↑  Gould, S. J. (1997). "Darwinian Fundamentalism" Diarsipkan 2007-06-10 di Wayback Machine. The New York Review of Books, June 12, pp. 34-37; and "Evolution: The Pleasures of Pluralism" Diarsipkan 2016-11-10 di Wayback Machine. The New York Review of Books, June 26, hal. 47-52.
↑  Gould, S. J. (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory, hal. 1006-1021. Online here Diarsipkan 2019-01-16 di Wayback Machine.
1 2  Scott, Heidi (2007). "Stephen Jay Gould and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory". Rhetoric Review. 26 (2): 120–141. doi:10.1080/07350190709336705.