Pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi
Referensi dan pranala luar

1 2 3  Geothermal Energy Association. Geothermal Energy: International Market Update May 2010, p. 4-6.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  Fridleifsson,, Ingvar B.; Bertani, Ruggero; Huenges, Ernst; Lund, John W.; Ragnarsson, Arni; Rybach, Ladislaus (2008-02-11),  O. Hohmeyer and T. Trittin, ed., The possible role and contribution of geothermal energy to the mitigation of climate change (pdf), Luebeck, Germany, hlm. 59–80, diakses tanggal 2009-04-06 [pranala nonaktif permanen]
1 2  "ThinkGeoEnergy's Top 10 Geothermal Countries 2022 – Power Generation Capacity (MW)". Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2023-03-20.
1 2  Bertani, Ruggero; Thain, Ian (July 2002), "Geothermal Power Generating Plant CO2 Emission Survey" (PDF), IGA News, International Geothermal Association (49): 1–3, diakses tanggal 2009-05-13 [pranala nonaktif permanen]
↑  Eksplorasi Panas Bumi Berisiko Minim. KOMPAS. Rabu, 24 Juli 2013.
1 2 3  Bertani, Ruggero (September 2007), "World Geothermal Generation in 2007" (PDF), Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin, Klamath Falls, Oregon: Oregon Institute of Technology, 28 (3), hlm. 8–19, ISSN 0276-1084, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-02-17, diakses tanggal 2009-04-12
↑  Tiwari, G. N.; Ghosal, M. K. Renewable Energy Resources: Basic Principles and Applications. Alpha Science Int'l Ltd., 2005 ISBN 1-84265-125-0
↑  "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-06-22. Diakses tanggal 2013-09-10.
1 2  Lund, J. (September 2004), "100 Years of Geothermal Power Production" (PDF), Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin, Klamath Falls, Oregon: Oregon Institute of Technology, 25 (3), hlm. 11–19, ISSN 0276-1084, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2010-06-17, diakses tanggal 2009-04-13
↑  McLarty, Lynn; Reed, Marshall J. (October 1992), "The U.S. Geothermal Industry: Three Decades of Growth" (PDF), Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, London: Taylor & Francis, 14 (4): 443–455, doi:10.1080/00908319208908739, ISSN 1556-7230, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2016-05-16
1 2  Erkan, K.; Holdmann, G.; Benoit, W.; Blackwell, D. (2008), "Understanding the Chena Hot Springs, Alaska, geothermal system using temperature and pressure data", Geothermics, 37 (6): 565–585, doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2008.09.001, ISSN 0375-6505, diakses tanggal 2009-04-11
1 2 3 4 5 6  Tester, Jefferson W. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology);  et al., The Future of Geothermal Energy (PDF), Impact, of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (Egs) on the United States in the 21st Century: An Assessment, Idaho Falls: Idaho National Laboratory, ISBN 0-615-13438-6, diarsipkan dari versi asli (14MB PDF) tanggal 2011-03-10, diakses tanggal 2007-02-07 Pemeliharaan CS1: Penggunaan et al. yang eksplisit (link)
↑  Bertani, Ruggero (2009), "Geothermal Energy: An Overview on Resources and Potential" (PDF), Proceedings of the International Conference on National Development of Geothermal Energy Use, Slowakia  Tidak memiliki atau tanpa |title= (bantuan)[pranala nonaktif permanen]
↑  http://gafoen.com/site/index.php?page=geothermalenergy [pranala nonaktif]
↑  Lund, John W. (2003), "The USA Geothermal Country Update", Geothermics, European Geothermal Conference 2003, Elsevier Science Ltd., 32 (4-6): 409–418, doi:10.1016/S0375-6505(03)00053-1, ISSN 0375-6505
↑  http://srren.ipcc-wg3.de/report/IPCC_SRREN_Ch04.pdf see page 404
↑  Pollack, H.N. (1993), "Heat Flow from the Earth's Interior: Analysis of the Global Data Set", Rev. Geophys., 30 (3), hlm. 267–280, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-03-03, diakses tanggal 2013-09-11  Parameter |coauthors= yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (|author= yang disarankan) (bantuan)
1 2  Rybach, Ladislaus (September 2007), "Geothermal Sustainability" (PDF), Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin, Klamath Falls, Oregon: Oregon Institute of Technology, 28 (3), hlm. 2–7, ISSN 0276-1084, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-02-17, diakses tanggal 2009-05-09
↑  "Kola Superdeep Borehole (KSDB) - IGCP 408: "Rocks and Minerals at Great Depths and on the Surface"". Kola Superdeep Borehole (KSDB) - IGCP 408: „Rocks and Minerals at Great Depths and on the Surface“. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-08-02. Diakses tanggal 2009-04-09.  Parameter |first1= tanpa |last1= di Authors list (bantuan)
↑  Watkins, Eric (February 11, 2008), "ExxonMobil drills record extended-reach well at Sakhalin-1", Oil & Gas Journal, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-03-14, diakses tanggal 2009-10-31
1 2  Geothermal Economics 101, Economics of a 35 MW Binary Cycle Geothermal Plant (PDF), New York: Glacier Partners, October 2009, diakses tanggal 2009-10-17
↑  Thain, Ian A. (September 1998), "A Brief History of the Wairakei Geothermal Power Project" (PDF), Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin, Klamath Falls, Oregon: Oregon Institute of Technology, 19 (3), hlm. 1–4, ISSN 0276-1084, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2011-06-14, diakses tanggal 2009-06-02
↑  Axelsson, Gudni; Stefánsson, Valgardur; Björnsson, Grímur; Liu, Jiurong (April 2005), "Sustainable Management of Geothermal Resources and Utilization for 100 – 300 Years" (PDF), Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2005, International Geothermal Association, diakses tanggal 2009-06-02 [pranala nonaktif permanen]
↑  The Future of Energy: Earth, Wind and Fire. Scientific American. 8 April 2013. hlm. 160–. ISBN 978-1-4668-3386-9. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 May 2019. Diakses tanggal 20 December 2016.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  US DOE EERE Hydrothermal Power Systems
1 2  El Haj Assad, M.; Bani-Hani, E.; Khalil, M. (2017-09-15). "Performance of geothermal power plants (single, dual, and binary) to compensate for LHC-CERN power consumption: comparative study". Geothermal Energy. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. 5 (1). doi:10.1186/s40517-017-0074-z. ISSN 2195-9706.
↑  "Geothermal Basics Overview". Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Diakses tanggal 2008-10-01.
↑  IRENA, Renewable Capacity Statistics 2022, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi, diakses tanggal 2023-03-20
1 2  "Calpine Corporation (CPN) (NYSE Arca) Profile" (Siaran pers). Reuters. Diakses tanggal 2009-10-14.  "Salinan arsip". Archived from the original on 2012-11-14. Diakses tanggal 2013-09-12. Pemeliharaan CS1: Url tak layak (link)
↑  Holm, Alison (May 2010), Geothermal Energy:International Market Update (PDF), Geothermal Energy Association, hlm. 7, diakses tanggal 2010-05-24
↑  Matek, Benjamin (June 2014). 2013 Geothermal Power: International Market Overview (PDF). Geothermal Energy Association. hlm. 10–11.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Richter, Alexander (27 January 2020). "The Top 10 Geothermal Countries 2019 – based on installed generation capacity (MWe)". Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News. Diakses tanggal 24 Agustus 2021.
↑  "Generacion Electricidad El Salvador", IGA, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-03-27, diakses tanggal 2011-08-30
↑  "CENTROAMÉRICA: MERCADOS MAYORISTAS DE ELECTRICIDAD Y TRANSACCIONES EN EL MERCADO ELÉCTRICO REGIONAL, 2010" (PDF), CEPAL, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-03-18, diakses tanggal 2011-08-30
↑  Tom Allard: "Indonesia's hot terrain set to power its future", The Sydney Morning Herald, 1 May 2010, retrieved 25 August 2010
↑  
Bargagli1, R.; Catenil, D.; Nellil, L.; Olmastronil, S.; Zagarese, B. (August 1997), "Environmental Impact of Trace Element Emissions from Geothermal Power Plants", Environmental Contamination Toxicology, New York: Springer, 33 (2): 172–181, doi:10.1007/s002449900239, ISSN 0090-4341
1 2 3  Lund, John W. (June 2007), "Characteristics, Development and utilization of geothermal resources" (PDF), Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin, Klamath Falls, Oregon: Oregon Institute of Technology, 28 (2), hlm. 1–9, ISSN 0276-1084, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2010-06-17, diakses tanggal 2009-04-16
↑  Deichmann, N.;  et al. (2007), Seismicity Induced by Water Injection for Geothermal Reservoir Stimulation 5 km Below the City of Basel, Switzerland, American Geophysical Union, Bibcode:2007AGUFM.V53F..08D Pemeliharaan CS1: Penggunaan et al. yang eksplisit (link)
↑  Sanyal, Subir K.; Morrow, James W.; Butler, Steven J.; Robertson-Tait, Ann (January 22–24, 2007), "Cost of Electricity from Enhanced Geothermal Systems" (PDF), Proc. Thirty-Second Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford, California  Tidak memiliki atau tanpa |title= (bantuan)
↑  Lund, John W.; Boyd, Tonya (June 1999), "Small Geothermal Power Project Examples" (PDF), Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin, Klamath Falls, Oregon: Oregon Institute of Technology, 20 (2), hlm. 9–26, ISSN 0276-1084, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2011-06-14, diakses tanggal 2009-06-02
↑  Davies, Ed; Lema, Karen (June 29, 2008), "Pricey oil makes geothermal projects more attractive for Indonesia and the Philippines", The New York Times, diakses tanggal 2009-10-31