Alexander Fleming
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Alexander Fleming Biography
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| Jabatan akademik |
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| Didahului oleh: Alastair Sim | Rektor Universitas Edinburgh 1951–1954 | Diteruskan oleh: Sydney Smith |
| l b Penerima Penghargaan Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran |
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1901–1925:  1901: Emil Behring  1902: Ronald Ross  1903: Niels Finsen  1904: Ivan Pavlov  1905: Robert Koch  1906: Camillo Golgi / Santiago Ramón y Cajal  1907: Alphonse Laveran  1908: Élie Metchnikoff / Paul Ehrlich  1909: Emil Kocher  1910: Albrecht Kossel  1911: Allvar Gullstrand  1912: Alexis Carrel  1913: Charles Richet  1914: Róbert Bárány  1915  1916  1917  1918  1919: Jules Bordet  1920: August Krogh  1921  1922: Archibald Hill / Otto Meyerhof  1923: Frederick Banting / John Macleod  1924: Willem Einthoven  1925 
1926–1950:  1926: Johannes Fibiger  1927: Julius Wagner-Jauregg  1928: Charles Nicolle  1929: Christiaan Eijkman / Frederick Gowland Hopkins  1930: Karl Landsteiner  1931: Otto Warburg  1932: Charles Scott Sherrington / Edgar Adrian  1933: Thomas Morgan  1934: George Whipple / George Minot / William Murphy  1935: Hans Spemann  1936: Henry Dale / Otto Loewi  1937: Albert Szent-Györgyi  1938: Corneille Heymans  1939: Gerhard Domagk  1940  1941  1942  1943: Henrik Dam / Edward Doisy  1944: Joseph Erlanger / Herbert Gasser  1945: Alexander Fleming / Ernst Chain / Howard Florey  1946: Hermann Muller  1947: Carl Cori / Gerty Cori / Bernardo Houssay  1948: Paul Müller  1949: Walter Hess / António Egas Moniz  1950: Edward Kendall / Tadeusz Reichstein / Philip Hench 
1951–1975:  1951: Max Theiler  1952: Selman Waksman  1953: Hans Krebs / Fritz Lipmann  1954: John Enders / Thomas Weller / Frederick Robbins  1955: Hugo Theorell  1956: André Cournand / Werner Forssmann / Dickinson W. Richards  1957: Daniel Bovet  1958: George Beadle / Edward Tatum / Joshua Lederberg  1959: Severo Ochoa / Arthur Kornberg  1960: Frank Burnet / Peter Medawar  1961: Georg von Békésy  1962: Francis Crick / James Watson / Maurice Wilkins  1963: John Eccles / Alan Hodgkin / Andrew Huxley  1964: Konrad Bloch / Feodor Lynen  1965: François Jacob / André Lwoff / Jacques Monod  1966: Francis Rous / Charles B. Huggins  1967: Ragnar Granit / Haldan Hartline / George Wald  1968: Robert W. Holley / Har Khorana / Marshall Nirenberg  1969: Max Delbrück / Alfred Hershey / Salvador Luria  1970: Bernard Katz / Ulf von Euler / Julius Axelrod  1971: Earl Sutherland Jr.  1972: Gerald Edelman / Rodney Porter  1973: Karl von Frisch / Konrad Lorenz / Nikolaas Tinbergen  1974: Albert Claude / Christian de Duve / George Palade  1975: David Baltimore / Renato Dulbecco / Howard Temin 
1976–2000:  1976: Baruch Blumberg / Daniel Gajdusek  1977: Roger Guillemin / Andrew Schally / Rosalyn Yalow  1978: Werner Arber / Daniel Nathans / Hamilton O. Smith  1979: Allan Cormack / Godfrey Hounsfield  1980: Baruj Benacerraf / Jean Dausset / George Snell  1981: Roger Sperry / David H. Hubel / Torsten Wiesel  1982: Sune Bergström / Bengt I. Samuelsson / John Vane  1983: Barbara McClintock  1984: Niels Jerne / Georges Köhler / César Milstein  1985: Michael Brown / Joseph L. Goldstein  1986: Stanley Cohen / Rita Levi-Montalcini  1987: Susumu Tonegawa  1988: James W. Black / Gertrude B. Elion / George H. Hitchings  1989: J. Michael Bishop / Harold E. Varmus  1990: Joseph Murray / E. Donnall Thomas  1991: Erwin Neher / Bert Sakmann  1992: Edmond Fischer / Edwin G. Krebs  1993: Richard J. Roberts / Phillip Sharp  1994: Alfred G. Gilman / Martin Rodbell  1995: Edward B. Lewis / Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard / Eric F. Wieschaus  1996: Peter C. Doherty / Rolf M. Zinkernagel  1997: Stanley B. Prusiner  1998: Robert F. Furchgott / Louis Ignarro / Ferid Murad  1999: Günter Blobel  2000: Arvid Carlsson / Paul Greengard / Eric Kandel 
2001–sekarang:  2001: Leland H. Hartwell / Tim Hunt / Paul Nurse  2002: Sydney Brenner / H. Robert Horvitz / John E. Sulston  2003: Paul Lauterbur / Peter Mansfield  2004: Richard Axel / Linda B. Buck  2005: Barry Marshall / Robin Warren  2006: Andrew Fire / Craig Mello  2007: Mario Capecchi / Martin Evans / Oliver Smithies  2008: Harald zur Hausen / Luc Montagnier / Françoise Barré-Sinoussi  2009: Elizabeth Blackburn / Carol W. Greider / Jack W. Szostak  2010: Robert G. Edwards  2011: Bruce Beutler / Jules A. Hoffmann / Ralph M. Steinman (anumerta)  2012: John Gurdon / Shinya Yamanaka  2013: James Rothman / Randy Schekman / Thomas C. Südhof  2014: John O'Keefe / May-Britt Moser / Edvard Moser  2015: William C. Campbell / Satoshi Ōmura / Tu Youyou  2016: Yoshinori Ohsumi  2017: Jeffrey C. Hall / Michael Rosbash / Michael W. Young  2018: James P. Allison / Tasuku Honjo  2019: Gregg L. Semenza / Peter J. Ratcliffe / William Kaelin Jr.  2020: Harvey J. Alter / Michael Houghton / Charles M. Rice  2021: David Julius / Ardem Patapoutian  2022: Svante Pääbo  2023: Katalin Karikó / Drew Weissman  2024: Victor Ambros / Gary Ruvkun 
| Pengawasan otoritas  |
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Umum:  Integrated Authority File (Jerman)  ISNI 1  VIAF 1  WorldCat (via VIAF) 
Perpustakaan nasional:  Norwegia  Chili  Spanyol  Prancis (data)  Catalunya  The ICCU id MILV112312 is not valid.  Amerika Serikat  Latvia  Jepang  Republik Ceko  Australia  Yunani  Israel  Korea  Kroasia  Belanda  Polandia  Swedia 
Kamus biografi:  Belanda 
Lain-lain:  Faceted Application of Subject Terminology  MusicBrainz artist  RERO (Swiss) 1  Social Networks and Archival Context 2  SUDOC (Prancis) 1  Trove (Australia) 1