Babilonia
Rujukan

↑  F. Leo Oppenheim, Ancient Mesopotamia
↑  "Aliraqi - Babylonian Empire". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-02-21. Diakses tanggal 2015-02-21.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Kekaisaran Babilonia - Livius
↑  Kejadian 11:9.
↑  Magnus Magnusson, BC: The Archaeology of the Bible Lands. BBC Publications 1977, pp. 198–199.
1 2 3  Deutscher, Guy (2007). Syntactic Change in Akkadian: The Evolution of Sentential Complementation. Oxford University Press, Amerika Serikat. hlm. 20–21. ISBN 978-0-19-953222-3.
↑  Woods C. 2006 "Bilingualism, Scribal Learning, and the Death of Sumerian". Dalam S.L. Sanders (penyunting) Margins of Writing, Origins of Culture: 91–120 Chicago  Diarsipkan 2013-04-29 di Wayback Machine.
1 2  Khalisi, Emil (2020), The Double Eclipse at the Downfall of Old Babylon, arXiv:2007.07141
↑  A. K. Grayson (1972). Assyrian Royal Inscriptions, Jilid 1. Otto Harrassowitz. hlm. 7–8.
↑  Roux, Georges (27 Agustus 1992), "The Time of Confusion", Ancient Iraq, Penguin Books, hlm. 266, ISBN 9780141938257
↑  Robert William Rogers, A History of Babylonia and Assyria, Jilid I, Eaton & Mains, 1900.
↑  Oppenheim Ancient Mesopotamia
↑  Georges Roux, Ancient Iraq
↑  van de Mieroop, M. (2007). A History of the Ancient Near East, ca. 3000–323 BC. Malden: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-22552-2.
↑  Liverani, Mario (2013). The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Routledge. hlm. 13, Tabel 1.1 "Chronology of the Ancient Near East". ISBN 9781134750917.
↑  Akkermans, Peter M.M.G.; Schwartz, Glenn M. (2003). The Archaeology of Syria. From Complex Hunter-Gatherers to Early Urban Societies (ca. 16,000–300 BC). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-79666-0.
↑  Sagona, A.; Zimansky, P. (2009). Ancient Turkey. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-28916-0.
↑  Manning, S.W.; Kromer, B.; Kuniholm, P.I.; Newton, M.W. (2001). "Anatolian Tree Rings and a New Chronology for the East Mediterranean Bronze-Iron Ages". Science. 294 (5551): 2532–2535. doi:10.1126/science.1066112. PMID 11743159.
↑  Sturt W. Manning et al., Integrated Tree-Ring-Radiocarbon High-Resolution Timeframe to Resolve Earlier Second Millennium BCE Mesopotamian Chronology, PlosONE July 13 2016
↑  Eder, Christian., Assyrische Distanzangaben und die absolute Chronologie Vorderasiens, AoF 31, 191–236, 2004.
↑  Al-Gailani Werr, L., 1988. Studies in the chronology and regional style of Old Babylonian Cylinder Seals. Bibliotheca Mesopotamica, Jilid 23.
↑  Sayce 1911, hlm. 108.
1 2  Sayce 1911, hlm. 107.
↑
1 2 3  Aaboe, Asger. "The culture of Babylonia: Babylonian mathematics, astrology, and astronomy". The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries B.C. John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, N. G. L. Hammond, E. Sollberger & C. B. F. Walker (para penyunting). Cambridge University Press,  (1991)
↑  Sayce 1911, hlm. 107–108.
↑  Ossendrijver, Mathieu (29 January 2016). "Ancient Babylonian astronomers calculated Jupiter's position from the area under a time-velocity graph". Science (dalam bahasa Inggris). 351 (6272): 482–484. Bibcode:2016Sci...351..482O. doi:10.1126/science.aad8085. PMID 26823423.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Giorgio Buccellati (1981), "Wisdom and Not: The Case of Mesopotamia", Journal of the American Oriental Society 101 (1), hlmn. 35–47.
↑  Giorgio Buccellati (1981), "Wisdom and Not: The Case of Mesopotamia", Journal of the American Oriental Society 101 (1), hlmn. 35–47 [43].