Osman I
Rujukan

↑  Kermeli, Eugenia (2009). "Osman I".  Dalam Ágoston, Gábor; Masters, Bruce. Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. hlm. 444. Informasi yang dapat dipercaya mengenai Osman sangat langka. Tanggal lahirnya tidak diketahui dan signifikansi simbolisnya sebagai bapak dinasti telah mendorong perkembangan cerita mitis mengenai kehidupan dan asal usul penguasa; namun, para sejarawan setuju bahwa sebelum tahun 1300, Osman hanyalah salah satu di antara sejumlah pemimpin suku Turkoman yang beroperasi di wilayah Sakarya.
↑  Murphey, Rhoads (2008). Exploring Ottoman Sovereignty: Tradition, Image, and Practice in the Ottoman Imperial Household, 1400-1800. London: Continuum. hlm. 24. ISBN 978-1-84725-220-3. Sebuah catatan yang masuk akal, masuk akal dan, di antara rekan-rekannya, mungkin paling dapat diandalkan tentang awal karir Osman oleh paragon sejarawan Ottoman, Kemal Paşa-zade (1468-1534), mengidentifikasi tahun Hijriah 652 (21 Februari 1254 hingga 9 Februari 1255). sebagai tanggal lahir Osman.
↑  Kafadar, Cemal (1995). Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. hlm. 16.
↑  Akgündüz, Ahmed; Öztürk, Said (2011). Ottoman History - Misperceptions and Truths (dalam bahasa Inggris). IUR Press. hlm. 35. ISBN 978-90-90-26108-9. Diakses tanggal 28 December 2019.
↑  Lowry, Heath W. (2003). The Nature of the Early Ottoman State. Albany: SUNY Press. hlm. 153. ISBN 978-0-7914-8726-6.
↑  Kafadar, Cemal (1995). Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. hlm. 16. By the time of Osman's death (1323 or 1324)...
↑  Kafadar, Cemal (1995). Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. hlm. xii. There is still not one authentic written document known from the time of ʿOsmān, and there are not many from the fourteenth century altogether.
↑  Kafadar, Cemal (1995). Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. hlm. 93.
↑  Finkel, Caroline (2005). Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1923. Basic Books. hlm. 6. ISBN 978-0-465-02396-7. Modern historians attempt to sift historical fact from the myths contained in the later stories in which the Ottoman chroniclers accounted for the origins of the dynasty
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↑  Finkel, Caroline (2005). Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1923. Basic Books. hlm. 12. Beyond the likelihood that the first Ottoman sultan was a historical figure, a Turcoman Muslim marcher-lord of the Byzantine frontier in north-west Anatolia whose father may have been called Ertuğrul, there is little other biographical information about Osman.
↑  Murphey, Rhoads (2008). Exploring Ottoman Sovereignty: Tradition, Image, and Practice in the Ottoman Imperial Household, 1400-1800. London: Continuum. hlm. 24. ISBN 978-1-84725-220-3.
1 2  Stanford Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (Cambridge: University Press, 1976), vol. 1 ISBN 9780521291637, p. 13
↑ Kermeli, Eugenia (2009). "Osman I". Dalam Ágoston, Gábor; Bruce Masters. Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. hlm. 445.
Imber, Colin (1987). "The Ottoman Dynastic Myth". Turcica. 19: 7–27. The attraction of Aşıkpasazade's story was not only that it furnished an episode proving that God had bestowed rulership on the Ottomans, but also that it provided, side by side with the physical descent from Oguz Khan, a spiritual descent. [...] Hence the physical union of Osman with a saint's daughter gave the dynasty a spiritual legitimacy and became, after the 1480s, an integral feature of dynastic mythology.
1 2  Finkel, Caroline (2005). Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1923. Basic Books. hlm. 2. , citing Lindner, Rudi P. (1983). Nomads and Ottomans in Medieval Anatolia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. hlm. 37. ISBN 0-933070-12-8.
↑  Finkel, Caroline (2006). Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1923. Basic Books. hlm. 2. ISBN 978-0-465-02396-7. First communicated in this form in the later fifteenth century, a century and a half after Osman's death in about 1323, this dream became one of the most resilient founding myths of the empire.
↑  Kafadar, Cemal (1995). Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. hlm. 132–3.
1 2  Shaw, Ottoman Empire, p. 14
1 2  Steven Runciman, The Fall of Constantinople 1453 (Cambridge: University Press, 1969) p. 32
↑  Runciman, The Fall of Constantinople, hlm. 33
↑  
Kafadar, Cemal (1995). Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. hlm. 10, 37.
↑  İnalcık, Halil (2007). "Osmanlı Beyliği'nin Kurucusu Osman Beg (Osman Beg, The founder of Ottoman Dynasty)". Belleten (dalam bahasa Turki). Ankara. 7 (261): 483, 487–490.
↑  İnalcık, Halil, 2007; sf. 489.
↑  İnalcık, Halil, 2007; sf. 490.
↑  Darke, Diana (2011). Eastern Turkey. ISBN 9781841623399.
↑  "Controversial new building slammed as 'visual pollution' at 700-year-old Seljuk tomb". Hürriyet Daily News. Diakses tanggal 12 March 2020.
↑  Farson, Daniel (1985). A traveller in Turkey. hlm. 73. ISBN 9780710202819. Diakses tanggal 12 March 2020.
↑  Aslanapa, Oktay (1971). Turkish Art And Architecture. hlm. 171-172. ISBN 9780571087815. Diakses tanggal 13 March 2020.
↑  "Bala Hatun: Rabia Bala Hatun yahut Mal Hatun". arkeolojikhaber.com.
↑  Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Publications. hlm. 29. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6. .
↑  "Consorts Of Ottoman Sultans (in Turkish)". Ottoman Web Page.
↑  Lowry, Heath (2003). The Nature of the Early Ottoman State. SUNY Press. hlm. 153.
1 2 3 4 5  Lowry, Heath (2003). The Nature of the Early Ottoman State. SUNY Press. hlm. 73.