Abjad Proto-Sinai
Rujukan

1 2  Garfinkel, Yosef; Golub, Mitka R.; Misgav, Haggai; Ganor, Saar (May 2015). "The ʾIšbaʿal Inscription from Khirbet Qeiyafa". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (373): 217–233. doi:10.5615/bullamerschoorie.373.0217. JSTOR 10.5615/bullamerschoorie.373.0217.
↑  "Sinaitic inscriptions | ancient writing". Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-08-21.
↑  "Para peneliti juga mengklaim telah menemukan suatu mantera ular orang Kanaan dari antara 2400 sampai 3000 SM, ditulis dalam abjad Proto-Kanaan, leluhur langsung bahasa Ibrani alkitabiah." "Dua penemuan terakhir di Wadi el-Hol, sebelah utara Luxor, di padang gurun Mesir bagian barat, dapat diberi tarikhk lebih pasti dari yang lain dan memberikan bukti kuat untuk tarikh awal [1850 SM] bagi keduanya" menurut Simons 2011:24).
1 2 3 4  Goldwasser, Orly (Mar–Apr 2010). "How the Alphabet Was Born from Hieroglyphs". Biblical Archaeology Review. Washington, DC: Biblical Archaeology Society. 36 (1). ISSN 0098-9444. Diakses tanggal 6 Nov 2011.
↑  "Koleksi proto-Sinai terdiri dari kira-kira 40 prasasti dan fragmen, sebagian besar ditemukan di Sarabit al-Khadim" (Simons 2011:16).
↑  Goldwasser (2010): "Alfabet ini diciptakan dengan cara ini oleh orang Kanaan di Sarabit pada Zaman Perunggu Tengah, pada pertengahan abad ke-19 SM, kemungkinan pada masa pemerintahan Amenemhet III dari Dinasti ke-12."
↑  baʿlat (Nyonya) adalah gelar untuk dewi Hathor dan bentuk feminin dari gelar baʿal (Tuan) yang diberikan untuk para dewa orang Semit.
1 2  Milstein, Mati (5 February 2007). "Ancient Semitic Snake Spells Deciphered in Egyptian Pyramid". news.nationalgeographic.com. Diakses tanggal 10 April 2017.
↑  Roger D. Woodard, 2008, The Origins of the West Semitic Alphabet in Egyptian Scripts
↑  "Earliest Known Hebrew Text in Proto-Canaanite Script Discovered in Area Where 'David Slew Goliath'". Science Daily. November 3, 2008.
↑  "Most ancient Hebrew biblical inscription deciphered". University of Haifa. January 10, 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 5, 2011. Diakses tanggal November 5, 2011.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/111499sci-alphabet-origin.html
↑  Woodard, Roger (2008), The Ancient Languages of Syria-Palestine and Arabia .
1 2  Ngo, Robin (5 May 2017). "Precursor to Paleo-Hebrew Script Discovered in Jerusalem". Bible History Daily. Biblical Archaeology Society.
↑  Gideon Tsur on the Proto-Canaanite text discovered at Keifa (Hebrew)
↑  Coulmas, Florian (1996). The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-21481-X.
↑  Hoffman, Joel M. (2004). In the beginning : a short history of the Hebrew language. New York, NY [u.a.]: New York Univ. Press. hlm. 23. ISBN 978-0-8147-3654-8. Diakses tanggal 23 May 2017. By 1000 B.C.E., however, we see Phoenician writings [..]
↑  John F. Healey, The Early Alphabet University of California Press, 1990, ISBN 978-0-520-07309-8, p. 18.
↑  Naveh, Joseph (1987), "Proto-Canaanite, Archaic Greek, and the Script of the Aramaic Text on the Tell Fakhariyah Statue",  dalam Miller;  et al., Ancient Israelite Religion .
↑  Joseph Naveh; Solomon Asher Birnbaum; David Diringer; Zvi Hermann Federbush; Jonathan Shunary; Jacob Maimon (2007), "ALPHABET, HEBREW", Encyclopaedia Judaica, 1 (edisi ke-2nd), Gale, hlm. 689–728, ISBN 978-0-02-865929-9
↑  William F. Albright, The Proto-Sinaitic Inscriptions and their Decipherment (1966)
↑ Based on Simons (2011), See also: Goldwasser (2010), following Albright (1966), "Schematic Table of Proto-Sinaitic Characters" (fig. 1).A comparison of glyphs from western ("Proto-Canaanite", Byblos) and southern scripts along with the reconstructed "Linear Ugaritic" (Lundin 1987) is found in Manfried Dietrich and Oswald Loretz, Die Keilalphabete: die phönizisch-kanaanäischen und altarabischen Alphabete in Ugarit , Ugarit-Verlag, 1988, p. 102, reprinted in Wilfred G. E. Watson, Nicolas Wyatt (eds.), Handbook of Ugaritic Studies (1999), p. 86.
Figure Two: "Representative selection of proto-Sinaitic characters with comparison to Egyptian hieroglyphs" (p. 38),
Figure Three: "Chart of all early proto-Canaanite letters with comparison to proto-Sinaitic signs" (p. 39),
Figure Four: "Representative selection of later proto-Canaanite letters with comparison to early proto-Canaanite and proto-Sinaitic signs" (p. 40).