Daftar sultan Utsmaniyah
Rujukan

↑  Stavrides 2001, p. 21
↑  Quataert 2005, p. 91
↑  Quataert 2005, p. 92
↑  Karateke 2005, pp. 37–54
↑  Glazer 1996, "Ottoman Institutions"
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1 2  Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. ISBN 0-19-507673-7.
↑  M'Gregor, J. (July 1854). "The Race, Religions, and Government of the Ottoman Empire". The Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science, and Art. Vol. 32. New York: Leavitt, Trow, & Co. hlm. 376. OCLC 6298914. Diakses tanggal 2009-04-25.
↑  Glassé, Cyril, ed. (2003). "Ottomans". The New Encyclopedia of Islam. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press. hlm. 349–351. ISBN 978-0-7591-0190-6. OCLC 52611080. Diakses tanggal 2009-05-02.
↑  The Cambridge History of Islam I: The Central Islamic Lands (dalam bahasa Turki). Cambridge University Press. 1970.
↑  Mustafa Akyol (18 July 2011). Islam without Extremes: A Muslim Case for Liberty. W. W. Norton. hlm. 159–. ISBN 978-0-393-07086-6.
↑  J. Robert Moskin (19 November 2013). American Statecraft: The Story of the U.S. Foreign Service. St. Martin's Press. hlm. 204–. ISBN 978-1-250-03745-9.
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↑  "Consorts Of Ottoman Sultans (in Turkish)". Ottoman Web Page.
↑  "Sultan Orhan Gazi". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan Murad Hüdavendigar Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan Yıldırım Beyezid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  Nicholae Jorga: Geschishte des Osmanichen (Trans :Nilüfer Epçeli) Vol 1 Yeditepe yayınları, İstanbul,2009,ISBN 975-6480-17-3 p 314
↑  Nicholae Jorga: Geschishte des Osmanichen (Trans:Nilüfer Epçeli) Vol 1 Yeditepe yayınları, İstanbul, 2009, ISBN 975-6480-17-3 p 314
↑  Joseph von Hammer:Osmanlı Tarihi cilt I (condensation: Abdülkadir Karahan), Milliyet yayınları, İstanbul. p 58-60.
↑  Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi Cilt II, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 p 74-75
↑  Joseph von Hammer:Osmanlı Tarihi cilt I (condensation: Abdülkadir Karahan), Milliyet yayınları, İstanbul. p. 58-60.
↑  "Sultan Mehmed Çelebi Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
1 2  "Sultan II. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
1 2  "Chronology: Sultan II. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-04-07.
↑  "Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  Kafadar 1996, p. xix
↑  "Chronology: Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2010-07-15.
↑  "Sultan II. Bayezid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Yavuz Sultan Selim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan II. Selim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan III. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan III. Mehmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan I. Ahmed". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
1 2  "Sultan I. Mustafa". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan II. Osman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan IV. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan İbrahim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan IV. Mehmed". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan II. Süleyman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan II. Ahmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan II. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan III. Ahmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan I. Mahmud Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan III. Osman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan III. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan I. Abdülhamit Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan III. Selim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan IV. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan II. Mahmud Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan Abdülmecid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan Abdülaziz Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan V. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  "Sultan VI. Mehmed Vahdettin Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06.
↑  As̜iroğlu 1992, p. 13
↑  As̜iroğlu 1992, p. 17
↑  As̜iroğlu 1992, p. 14