Rusia
Referensi tambahan

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↑  Указ Президента РФ "О праздновании 1150-летия зарождения российской государственности" [Presidential Decree "On celebrating the 1150th anniversary of Russian statehood"]. www.1150russia.ru (dalam bahasa Russian).  Комитет культуры Новгородской области (Novgorod Region Culture Committee). 3 March 2011. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 July 2014. Diakses tanggal 20 October 2016. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
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↑  "Information about avaliability and distribution of land in the Russian Federation as of 1 January 2017 (by federal subjects of Russia" Сведения о наличии и распределении земель в Российской Федерации на 1 January 2017 (в разрезе субъектов Российской Федерации). Rosreestr).
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1 2  Предварительная оценка численности постоянного населения на 1 января 2022 года и в среднем за 2021 год [Preliminary estimated population as of 1 January 2022 and on the average for 2021] (XLS). Russian Federal State Statistics Service (dalam bahasa Rusia). Diakses tanggal 30 January 2022.
1 2 3 4  "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Diakses tanggal 14 October 2022.
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↑  Daenuri, Asep (2022-07-06). "Peran PBB dalam menengahi konflik Rusia Dan Ukraina". digilib.uinsgd.ac.id. Diakses tanggal 2023-07-05.
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1 2  Excerpted from Glenn E. Curtis (ed.) (1998). "Russia: A Country Study: Kievan Rus' and Mongol Periods". Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-09-27. Diakses tanggal 20 July 2007. Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: authors list (link)
↑  Michael Prawdin and Gérard Chaliand, The Mongol Empire: Its Rise and Legacy (2005) pp. 512–550
↑  Rein Taagepera (1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. ISSN 0020-8833.
↑  Peter Turchin; Thomas D. Hall; Jonathan M. Adams (2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires" (PDF). Journal of World-Systems Research, Vol. 12 (no. 2). hlm. 219–229. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 22 February 2007.
↑  Jonathan R. Adelman; Cristann Lea Gibson (1 July 1989). Contemporary Soviet Military Affairs: The Legacy of World War II. Unwin Hyman. hlm. 4. ISBN 978-0-04-445031-3. Diakses tanggal 15 June 2012.
↑  Weinberg, G. L. (1995). A World at Arms: A Global History of World War II. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 264. ISBN 0-521-55879-4.
↑  Rozhnov, Konstantin, "Who won World War II? Diarsipkan 2007-12-15 di Wayback Machine.". BBC.
↑  GDP–Million 1990. CIA Factbook. 1991. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-11-09. Diakses tanggal 30 November 2015.
↑  Scott and Scott (1979) p. 305
↑  "30 October 1961 - The Tsar Bomba: CTBTO Preparatory Commission". www.ctbto.org. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-17. Diakses tanggal 2016-08-25.
↑  Intania, Vita (2022). "Peran Indonesia dalam konflik Rusia-Ukraina". etheses.uinsgd.ac.id. Diakses tanggal 2024-01-31.
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1 2  "International Energy Agency – Oil Market Report" (PDF). 18 January 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 18 May 2012. Diakses tanggal 20 February 2012.
1 2  "Country Comparison:: Natural gas – production Diarsipkan 2016-03-15 di Wayback Machine.", CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
1 2  "Status of Nuclear Powers and Their Nuclear Capabilities". Federation of American Scientists. March 2008. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-17. Diakses tanggal 19 Maret 2014.
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↑  Sutan Hrp, Nurasiah Faqih (Januari 2022). Islam dan Politik di Rusia (PDF). Medan: CV. Pusdikra Mitra Jaya. hlm. 12. ISBN 978-623-6853-92-4.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Zickel, Raymond E., ed. (1991). Soviet Union: A Country Study (PDF). Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. hlm. 5. ISBN 0-8444-0727-5.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Plokhy, Serhii (2006). The Origin of the Slavic Nations: Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus (PDF). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 37. ISBN 978-0-521-86403-9.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  "The "Princess" of Ipatovo". web.archive.org. 2008-06-10. Archived from the original on 2008-06-10. Diakses tanggal 2021-02-16. Pemeliharaan CS1: Url tak layak (link)
↑  Barford, P.M. (2001). The Early Slavs. Cornell University Press. hlm. 15-16. ISBN 978-0-8014-3977 Periksa nilai: length |isbn= (bantuan).  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  D., Christian (1998). A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongoliapp. Blackwell Publishing. hlm. 6–7.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  D., Obolensky (1994). Byzantium and the Slavs. St Vladimir's Seminary Press. hlm. 42. ISBN 978-0-88141-008-2.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Thompson, J.W. (1937). An Introduction to Medieval Europe, 300–1500. W. W. Norton & Co. hlm. 268. ISBN 978-0-415-34699-3.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Department Of State. The Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs. "Ukraine". 2001-2009.state.gov (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-02-07. Diakses tanggal 2021-02-16.
↑  Hamm, M.F. (1995). Kiev: A Portrait, 1800–1917. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-02585-8.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
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↑  "History of Russia from Early Slavs history and Kievan Rus to Romanovs dynasty". web.archive.org. 2010-01-21. Archived from the original on 2018-02-01. Diakses tanggal 2021-02-16. Pemeliharaan CS1: Url tak layak (link)
↑  Б. А, Рыбаков (1948). Ремесло Древней Руси.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  B., Davies (2014). Warfare. State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700 (PDF). Routledge. hlm. 4. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2017-10-09. Diakses tanggal 2021-02-16.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  "Khanate of the Golden Horde". web.archive.org. 2008-06-07. Archived from the original on 2008-06-07. Diakses tanggal 2021-02-16. Pemeliharaan CS1: Url tak layak (link)
↑  Solovyov, S. (2001). History of Russia from the Earliest Times. hlm. 526–604. ISBN 978-5-17-002142-0.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Skrynnikov, R. G. (1981). Ivan the Terrible. Internet Archive. Gulf Breeze, FL : Academic International Press. ISBN 978-0-87569-039-1.
↑  Solovyov, S. (2001). History of Russia from the Earliest Times. hlm. 461–518. ISBN 978-5-17-002142-0.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
↑  Solovyov, S. (2001). History of Russia from the Earliest Times. 9, ch.1. AST. ISBN 5-17-002142-9. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-06-07. Diakses tanggal 27 December 2007.
↑  Solovyov, S. (2001). History of Russia from the Earliest Times. 15, ch.1. AST. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-05-28. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-14.
↑  Timothy C. Dowling Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond Diarsipkan 2023-02-11 di Wayback Machine. pp 728-730 ABC-CLIO, 2 December 2014 ISBN 1-59884-948-4
↑  John F. Baddeley, "The Russian Conquest of the Caucasus", Longman, Green and Co., London: 1908. ISBN 978-0-7007-0634-1 p. 90
↑  "Ruling the Empire". Library of Congress. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-09-27. Diakses tanggal 27 December 2007.
↑  Geoffrey A. Hosking (2001). "Russia and the Russians: a history Diarsipkan 2023-01-14 di Wayback Machine.". Harvard University Press. p. 9. ISBN 0-674-00473-6
↑  N. M. Dronin, E. G. Bellinger (2005). Climate dependence and food problems in Russia, 1900–1990: The interaction of climate and agricultural policy and their effect on food problems Diarsipkan 2023-02-11 di Wayback Machine.. Central European University Press. p. 38. ISBN 963-7326-10-3
↑  Transactions of the American Philosophical Society Diarsipkan 2023-02-11 di Wayback Machine.. James E. Hassell (1991), p. 3. ISBN 0-87169-817-X
↑  Famine in Russia: the hidden horrors of 1921, International Committee of the Red Cross
↑  Abbott Gleason (2009). A Companion to Russian History Diarsipkan 2023-02-11 di Wayback Machine.. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 373. ISBN 1-4051-3560-3
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↑  R. W. Davies, S. G. Wheatcroft (2004). The Years of Hunger: Soviet Agriculture, 1931–33, p. 401.
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1 2  Branko Milanovic (1998). Income, Inequality, and Poverty During the Transformation from Planned to Market Economy. The World Bank. hlm. 186–189.
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1 2 3 4 5
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↑  Treisman, D. "Is Russia's Experiment with Democracy Over?". UCLA International Institute. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 November 2004. Diakses tanggal 31 Desember 2007.
↑  Stone, N (4 Desember 2007). "No wonder they like Putin". The Times. UK. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-05-25. Diakses tanggal 31 December 2007.
↑  Reuters (3 March 2014). "Ousted Ukrainian President Asked For Russian Troops, Envoy Says". NBC News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-03-22. Diakses tanggal 21 March 2014.
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↑  Walker, Shaun (4 March 2014). "Russian takeover of Crimea will not descend into war, says Vladimir Putin". The Guardian. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-04-23. Diakses tanggal 4 Maret 2014.
↑  Yoon, Sangwon; Krasnolutska, Daryna; Choursina, Kateryna (4 March 2014). "Russia Stays in Ukraine as Putin Channels Yanukovych Request". Bloomberg News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-08-19. Diakses tanggal 5 Maret 2014.
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↑  16 March 2014, David Herszenhornmarch, The New York Times, "Crimea Votes to Secede From Ukraine as Russian Troops Keep Watch."
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↑  Alton S Donnelly, The Russian Conquest of Bashkiria, 1968, pages 23 and 127; Lincoln, W. Bruce. The Conquest of a Continent: Siberia and the Russians. New York: Random House, 1994, p. 30
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↑  Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez recognizes independence of breakaway Georgia republics Diarsipkan 2017-10-11 di Wayback Machine. by Megan K. Stack. 9 September 2009
↑  Netanyahu declares Russia as superpower Russia Today News 15 February 2010
↑  Superpower Reborn Diarsipkan 2011-04-27 di Wayback Machine. by Ronald Steel. New York Times, 24 August 2008
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↑  Steven Rosefielde, Russia in the 21st Century The Prodigal Superpower, Cambridge University Press, 2005 ISBN 0-521-83678-6
↑  "Is Russia a Superpower? Cold War II? Diarsipkan 2017-07-30 di Wayback Machine.", Atlantic Review, 25 August 2008.
↑  "What's Looming in Ukraine Is more Threatening than Georgia Diarsipkan 2016-08-18 di Wayback Machine.", Der Spiegel, 16 October 2008. Quote: "Nikonov: Russia is not a superpower and won't be one for the foreseeable future. But Russia is a great power. It was one, it is one and it will continue to be one."
↑  The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Diarsipkan 2010-06-06 di Wayback Machine. at Globalsecurity.org 27 April 2005
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↑  "Legal framework - The Partnership and Cooperation Agreement". Delegation of the European Union to Russia. 13 February 2009. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-05-04. Diakses tanggal 27 April 2015.
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↑  Page, Jeremy (26 September 2010). "Russian Oil Route Will Open to China". The Wall Street Journal. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-08-19. Diakses tanggal 28 September 2010.
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↑  "Overview of the major Asian Powers" (PDF). International Institute for Strategic Studies: 31. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2009-09-11. Diakses tanggal 27 January 2008.
↑  Russia pilots proud of flights to foreign shores Diarsipkan 2011-05-01 di Wayback Machine. by David Nowak. The Associated Press, 15 September 2008
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↑  "Russia arms exports could exceed $7 bln in 2007 – Ivanov". RIA Novosti. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-01-11. Diakses tanggal 27 Januari 2008.
↑  Wezeman, Pieter D.; Siemon T. Wezeman (March 2015). "Trends in International Arms Transfer, 2014" (PDF). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2016-07-05. Diakses tanggal 4 Agustus 2016.
↑  Kazak, Sergey. "Russia to Up Nuclear Weapons Spending 50% by 2016". RIA Novosti. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-05-22. Diakses tanggal 1 Maret 2014.
↑  "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-02-08. Diakses tanggal 1 March 2014.
↑  Toohey, Nathan. "Russia's defense spending grows to third largest in the world". Moscow Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-03-05. Diakses tanggal 1 March 2014.
↑  Earle, Jonathan (14 June 2012). "Report: Russia Less Peaceful Than North Korea". The Moscow Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-12-26. Diakses tanggal 23 Juni 2012.
↑  World Bank. "World Development Indicators". World Bank. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-12-26. Diakses tanggal 6 August 2011.
↑  "Russians weigh an enigma with Putin's protégé". MSNBC. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-05-11. Diakses tanggal 9 May 2008.
↑  Mark Adomanis (9 October 2012). "What is the Russian Middle Class? Probably Not What You Think". Forbes. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-01-01. Diakses tanggal 27 April 2015.
↑  "Average salary in Russia reached 30,000 rubles". Rossiyskaya Gazeta. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-05-13. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-12.
↑  "Average salary in Russia from Russia's Federal Statistics Service (May 2013)". Gks.ru. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-11-04. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2013.
↑  "Lessons from the Russia's 2001 Flat Tax Reform". Voxeu.org. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-04-29. Diakses tanggal 4 May 2013.
↑  "Russia Is Getting Wealthier". The Moscow Times. 21 October 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-05-27. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-12.
↑  "Russia's unemployment rate down 10% in 2007 – report". RIA Novosti. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-09-04. Diakses tanggal 9 May 2008.
↑  "Russia: How Long Can The Fun Last?". BusinessWeek. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-01-04. Diakses tanggal 27 December 2007.
↑  "A Rising Middle Class Will Fuel Growth in Russia". nielsen.com. 27 March 2013. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-05-27. Diakses tanggal 27 April 2015.
↑  Sysoyeva, Marina (27 August 2012). "Russia Raw-Sugar Imports Dropped 82% This Year Through Aug. 22". Bloomberg.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-08-19. Diakses tanggal 4 May 2013.
↑  "Russia fixed asset investment to reach $370 bln by 2010–Kudrin". RIA Novosti. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-01-11. Diakses tanggal 27 December 2007.
↑  "International Reserves of the Russian Federation in 2008". The Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-09-14. Diakses tanggal 30 July 2008.
1 2  "Kudrin and Fischer honoured by Euromoney and IMF/World Bank meetings in Washington". Euromoney. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-04-28. Diakses tanggal 4 March 2011.
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↑  Debt – external Diarsipkan 2019-03-17 di Wayback Machine., CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
↑  Tavernise, S. (23 March 2002). "Russia Imposes Flat Tax on Income, and Its Coffers Swell". The New York Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-09-19. Diakses tanggal 27 December 2007.
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↑  Finnegan, Leah (22 July 2010). "Countries with the MOST College Graduates (PHOTOS)". Huffington Post. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-12-03. Diakses tanggal 7 December 2011.
↑  Russia, China in Deal On Refinery, Not Gas Diarsipkan 2016-08-19 di Wayback Machine. by Jacob Gronholt-Pedersen. Wall Street Journal, 22 September 2010
↑  Did A New Pipeline Just Make Russia The Most Important Energy Superpower By Far Diarsipkan 2010-03-02 di Wayback Machine. by Graham Winfrey. Business Insider, 6 January 2010
↑  Country Comparison:: Natural gas – proved reserves Diarsipkan 2017-03-07 di Wayback Machine.. CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
↑  Country Comparison:: Oil – proved reserves Diarsipkan 2013-06-15 di Wayback Machine.. CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
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↑  Country Comparison:: Natural gas – exports Diarsipkan 2018-12-26 di Wayback Machine.. CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
↑  Country Comparison:: Electricity – production Diarsipkan 2018-10-01 di Wayback Machine.. CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
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↑  Nuclear Power Plant Information, International Atomic Energy Agency. Retrieved 12 June 2006.
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↑  Alkatiri, Zeffry; De Archellie, Reynaldo (2021-01-01).  Adu-Gyamfi, Samuel, ed. "National patriotic day parade: the politics of historical memory and reconstruction of the russian identity during putin era". Cogent Arts & Humanities. 8 (1): 1992081. doi:10.1080/23311983.2021.1992081.