חיידקים בצורת L
הערות שוליים

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↑  4.4D: Mycoplasmas and Other Cell-Wall-Deficient Bacteria, Biology LibreTexts, ‏2017-05-07 (באנגלית)
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↑  Jeff Errington, L-form bacteria, cell walls and the origins of life, Open Biology 3, 2013-01, עמ' 120143 doi: 10.1098/rsob.120143
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1 2  Kandler, Gertraud; Kandler, Otto (1954). (Article in English available). "Untersuchungen über die Morphologie und die Vermehrung der pleuropneumonie-ähnlichen Organismen und der L-Phase der Bakterien. I. Lichtmikroskopische Untersuchungen" [Studies on morphology and multiplication (proliferation) of pleuropneumonia-like organisms and on bacterial L-phase, I. Light microscopy (now mycoplasmas and L-form bacteria)] (PDF). Archiv für Mikrobiologie (בגרמנית). 21 (2): 178–201. doi:10.1007/BF01816378. PMID 14350641.
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↑  Kandler, Gertraud; Kandler, Otto; Huber, Oskar (1954). (Article in English available). "Untersuchungen über die Morphologie und die Vermehrung der pleuropneumonie-ähnlichen Organismen und der L-Phase der Bakterien. II. Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen" [Studies on morphology and multiplication (proliferation) of pleuropneumonia-like organisms and on bacterial L-phase, II. Electron microscopy (now mycoplasmas and L-form bacteria)] (PDF). Archiv für Mikrobiologie (בגרמנית). 21 (2): 202–216. doi:10.1007/BF01816379. PMID 1435064.
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↑  UniProt, www.uniprot.org
↑  H. R. Perkins, Microbial Cell Walls and Membranes, Springer Science & Business Media, 2012-12-06, ISBN 978-94-011-6014-8. (באנגלית)
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↑  Hulten K, Karttunen TJ, El-Zimaity HM, Naser SA, Collins MT, Graham DY, El-Zaatari FA (2000). "Identification of cell wall deficient forms of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in paraffin embedded tissues from animals with Johne's disease by in situ hybridization". J. Microbiol. Methods. 42 (2): 185–95. doi:10.1016/S0167-7012(00)00185-8. PMID 11018275.
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↑  Casadesús J (בדצמבר 2007). "Bacterial L-forms require peptidoglycan synthesis for cell division". BioEssays. 29 (12): 1189–91. doi:10.1002/bies.20680. PMID 18008373. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Beaman BL (ביולי 1980). "Induction of L-phase variants of Nocardia caviae within intact murine lungs". Infect. Immun. 29 (1): 244–51. doi:10.1128/IAI.29.1.244-251.1980. PMC 551102. PMID 7399704. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Beaman BL, Scates SM (בספטמבר 1981). "Role of L-forms of Nocardia caviae in the development of chronic mycetomas in normal and immunodeficient murine models". Infect. Immun. 33 (3): 893–907. doi:10.1128/IAI.33.3.893-907.1981. PMC 350795. PMID 7287189. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  Fuller E, Elmer C, Nattress F,  et al. (בדצמבר 2005). "β-Lactam Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Cells That Do Not Require a Cell Wall for Integrity". Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49 (12): 5075–80. doi:10.1128/AAC.49.12.5075-5080.2005. PMC 1315936. PMID 16304175. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Mickiewicz, Katarzyna M.; Kawai, Yoshikazu; Drage, Lauren; Gomes, Margarida C.; Davison, Frances; Pickard, Robert; Hall, Judith; Mostowy, Serge; Aldridge, Phillip D.; Errington, Jeff (2019). "Possible role of L-form switching in recurrent urinary tract infection". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 4379. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.4379M. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12359-3. PMC 6763468. PMID 31558767.
↑  Sieben, Stefan (באפריל 1998). "Die stabilen Protoplasten-Typ L-Formen von Proteus mirabilis als neues Expressionssystem für sekretorische Proteine und integrale Mempranproteine". Dissertation Universität Jena. OCLC 246350676. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Sieben S, Hertle R, Gumpert J, Braun V (באוקטובר 1998). "The Serratia marcescens hemolysin is secreted but not activated by stable protoplast-type L-forms of Proteus mirabilis". Arch. Microbiol. 170 (4): 236–42. Bibcode:1998ArMic.170..236S. doi:10.1007/s002030050638. PMID 9732437. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Gumpert J, Hoischen C (באוקטובר 1998). "Use of cell wall-less bacteria (L-forms) for efficient expression and secretion of heterologous gene products". Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 9 (5): 506–9. doi:10.1016/S0958-1669(98)80037-2. PMID 9821280. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Rippmann JF, Klein M, Hoischen C,  et al. (1 בדצמבר 1998). "Procaryotic Expression of Single-Chain Variable-Fragment (scFv) Antibodies: Secretion in L-Form Cells of Proteus mirabilis Leads to Active Product and Overcomes the Limitations of Periplasmic Expression in Escherichia coli". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64 (12): 4862–9. Bibcode:1998ApEnM..64.4862R. doi:10.1128/AEM.64.12.4862-4869.1998. PMC 90935. PMID 9835575. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  Thomas K. Wood, Stephen J. Knabel, Brian W. Kwan, Bacterial Persister Cell Formation and Dormancy, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, 2013-12, עמ' 7116–7121 doi: 10.1128/AEM.02636-13
↑  Emami K, Banks P, Wu LJ, Errington J (2023). "Repurposing drugs with specific activity against L-form bacteria". Front Microbiol. 14: 1097413. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1097413. PMC 10110866. PMID 37082179.
מסלולי המבלונאט -Mevalonate Pathway