ניקוטין
הערות שוליים

↑  J. Le Houezec, Role of nicotine pharmacokinetics in nicotine addiction and nicotine replacement therapy: a review, The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease: The Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 7, 2003-09, עמ' 811–819
↑  מדענים: נמצא קשר בין ניקוטין לבין ירידה במשקל, באתר TheMarker‏, 10 ביוני 2011
↑  Center for Tobacco Products, Nicotine Is Why Tobacco Products Are Addictive, FDA, 2022-03-23
↑  https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ph45/chapter/2-Public-health-need-and-practice
↑  Royal College of Physicians. "Nicotine Without Smoke -- Tobacco Harm Reduction". p. 125. נבדק ב-30 בספטמבר 2020. Use of nicotine alone, in the doses used by smokers, represents little if any hazard to the user. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Douglas, Clifford E.; Henson, Rosie; Drope, Jeffrey; Wender, Richard C. (ביולי 2018). "The American Cancer Society public health statement on eliminating combustible tobacco use in the United States: Eliminating Combustible Tobacco Use". CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 68 (4): 240–245. doi:10.3322/caac.21455. PMID 29889305. S2CID 47016482. נבדק ב-30 בספטמבר 2020. It is the smoke from combustible tobacco products—not nicotine—that injures and kills millions of smokers. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Dinakar, Chitra; O’Connor, George T. (6 באוקטובר 2016). "The Health Effects of Electronic Cigarettes". New England Journal of Medicine. 375 (14): 1372–1381. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1502466. PMID 27705269. Beyond its addictive properties, short-term or long-term exposure to nicotine in adults has not been established as dangerous {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2 3 4  National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on the Review of the Health Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (2018). "While it is biologically plausible that nicotine can act as a tumor promoter, the existing body of evidence indicates this is unlikely to translate into increased risk of human cancer” "Chapter 4: Nicotine".  In Eaton DL, Kwan LY, Stratton K (ed.). Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes. National Academies Press. ISBN 9780309468343. {{cite book}}: Check |chapter-url= value (עזרה)תחזוקה - ציטוט: multiple names: editors list (link) תחזוקה - ציטוט: שימוש בפרמטר authors (link)
↑  Is Marijuana Addictive? | Psychology Today, www.psychologytoday.com (באנגלית)
↑  המדריך לגמילה עצמית מעישון, באתר האגודה למלחמה בסרטן
1 2  Mayer, Bernd (2013). "How much nicotine kills a human? Tracing back the generally accepted lethal dose to dubious self-experiments in the nineteenth century". Archives of Toxicology. 88 (1): 5–7. doi:10.1007/s00204-013-1127-0. ISSN 0340-5761.
↑  Cardiovascular Toxicity of Nicotine: Implications for Electronic Cigarette Use, National Institutes of Health
↑  Jenny Hansson, Maria Rosaria Galanti, Maria-Pia Hergens, Peeter Fredlund, Anders Ahlbom, Lars Alfredsson, Rino Bellocco, Marie Eriksson, Johan Hallqvist, Bo Hedblad, Jan-Håkan Jansson, Peter Nilsson, Nancy Pedersen, Ylva Trolle Lagerros, Per-Olof Östergren, Cecilia Magnusson, Use of snus and acute myocardial infarction: pooled analysis of eight prospective observational studies, European Journal of Epidemiology 27, 2012-10-01, עמ' 771–779 doi: 10.1007/s10654-012-9704-8
↑  Nicotine replacement therapy versus control for smoking cessation, ncbi
↑  Short-Term Safety of Nicotine Replacement in Smokers Hospitalized With Coronary Heart Disease, NCBI
↑  E-cigarettes: Questions and answers, intermountain healthcare
↑  Cardinale A; Nastrucci C; Cesario A; Russo P (בינואר 2012). "Nicotine: specific role in angiogenesis, proliferation and apoptosis". Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 42 (1): 68–89. doi:10.3109/10408444.2011.623150. PMID 22050423. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Center for Tobacco Products, Nicotine Is Why Tobacco Products Are Addictive, FDA, 2022-02-10
↑  דו"ח "ניקוטין ללא עשן" (2016). הקולג' המלכותי לרופאים. עמ' 59
↑  דו"ח רשות בריאות הציבור הבריטי (2018) עמ' 60 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/vaping-in-england-evidence-update-march-2020
1 2 3 4 5  Aniyizhai Annamalai, Noreen Singh, Stephanie S. O'Malley, Smoking Use and Cessation Among People with Serious Mental Illness, The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 88, 2015-09, עמ' 271–277
1 2  Benjamin Lê Cook, Geoff Ferris Wayne, E. Nilay Kafali, Zimin Liu, Chang Shu, Michael Flores, Trends in Smoking Among Adults With Mental Illness and Association Between Mental Health Treatment and Smoking Cessation, JAMA 311, 2014-01-08, עמ' 172 doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.284985
↑  Dominique Morisano, Ingrid Bacher, Janet Audrain-McGovern, Tony P George, Mechanisms Underlying the Comorbidity of Tobacco Use in Mental Health and Addictive Disorders, The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 54, 2009-06, עמ' 356–367 doi: 10.1177/070674370905400603
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