ספרדית בארצות הברית
הערות שוליים

↑  LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME - Census Bureau Table
↑  Stephen Burgen, US now has more Spanish speakers than Spain – only Mexico has more, The Guardian, ‏29 ביוני 2015 (באנגלית)
↑  Dylan Lyons, How Many People Speak Spanish, And Where Is It Spoken?, Babbel, ‏9 במרץ 2020
↑  Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española (ANLE), www.anle.us
↑  Jens Manuel Krogstad, Mark Hugo Lopez, Use of Spanish declines among Latinos in major U.S. metros, Pew Research Center, ‏31 באוקטובר 2017 (באנגלית)
↑  Ring, Trudy; Watson, Noelle; Schellinger, Paul, The Americas: International Dictionary of Historic Places, עמ' 560, ISBN 978-1-134-25930-4
↑  Fuller, Janet M.; Leeman, Jennifer, Speaking Spanish in the US: the sociopolitics of language, בריסטול, 2020, ISBN 978-1-78892-831-1
↑  David J. Weber, 1-5, Spanish Frontier in North America, Yale, 1992
↑  Santana Pérez; Juan Manuel, Emigración por reclutamientos: canarios en Luisiana, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Servicio de Publicaciones, 1992, עמ' 103, ISBN 84-88412-62-2
1 2 3  Garcia, Ofelia, Racializing the Language Practices of U.S. Latinos: Impact on Their Education, 2015
1 2 3  Lipski, John M., Varieties of Spanish in the United States, Washington DC: Georgetown University, 2008
↑  Eric Van Young, The Other Rebellion: Popular Violence, Ideology, and the Mexican Struggle for Independence, 1810-1821, Stanford University Press, 2001, עמ' 324, ISBN 978-0-8047-4821-6. (באנגלית)
↑  Rosina Lozano, An American language: the history of Spanish in the United States, 2018, ISBN 978-0-520-29706-7. (באנגלית)
↑  Lipski, John M., The impact of the Mexican Revolution on Spanish in the United States, 2010
1 2  Language Policy -- Puerto Rico, www.languagepolicy.net
↑  Venezuelan Americans - History, Modern era, The first venezuelans in america, www.everyculture.com
↑  After making South Florida home, Venezuelans turning to politics, Sun Sentinel
1 2  American FactFinder - Results, archive.ph, ‏2020-02-12
1 2  Mark Hugo Lopez, Ana Gonzalez-Barrera, What is the future of Spanish in the United States?, Pew Research Center (באנגלית אמריקאית)
↑  Waltermire, Mark; Valtierrez, Mayra, The trill isn't gone: Rhotic variation in southern New Mexican Spanish, Journal of the Linguistic Association of the Southwest
Vigil, Donny, The traditional Spanish of Taos, New Mexico: Acoustic, phonetic and phonological analyses, Purdue University, 2008
↑  Torres Cacoullos, Rena; Ferreira, Fernanda, Lexical frequency and voiced labiodental-bilabial variation in New Mexican Spanish, Southwest Journal of Linguistics 19, 2000
1 2  Timm, Leonora A., Three consonants in Chicano Spanish: /x/, /b/ and /d/, Bilingual Review / La Revista Bilingüe, 1976
↑  Jon Amastae, Lucia Elías-Olivares, Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistic Aspects, CUP Archive, 1982-08-31, ISBN 978-0-521-28689-3. (באנגלית)
↑  Robert Smead, J. Halvor Clegg, English Calques in Chicano Spanish, Spanish in Contact: Issues in Bilingualism, עמ' 127
↑  Carmen Silva-Corvalan, Bilingualism and Language Change: The Extension of Estar in Los Angeles Spanish, Language 62, ספטמבר 1986, עמ' 587–608
↑  Gutiérrez, Manuel J., On the Future of the Future Tense in the Spanish of the Southwest, Georgetown University, 1997
↑  Waltermire, Mark, The social conditioning of mood variation in the Spanish of Albuquerque, New Mexico, Sociolinguistic Studies 8, 21 ביולי 2014
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בקרת זהויות :  NLI: 987007504001805171