מריטוקרטיה
הערות שוליים

↑  החלטות האקדמיה בישיבתה האחרונה (אייר תשפ"ב, מאי 2022), באתר האקדמיה ללשון העברית, ‏9 ביוני 2022
↑  "meritocracy". Dictionary.com. ארכיון מ-6 במרץ 2016. נבדק ב-14 בפברואר 2016. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Levinson, David; Cookson, Peter W.; Sadovnik, Alan R. (2002). Education and Sociology: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 436. Most common definition of meritocracy conceptualizes merit in terms tested competency and power, and most likely as measured by IQ or standardized achievement tests.
↑  "Definition of Meritocracy". Oxford Dictionary. Oxford University Press. אורכב מ-המקור ב-10 בספטמבר 2011. נבדק ב-12 בספטמבר 2011. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Littler, Jo (2018). Against Meritocracy: Culture, Power, and Myths of Mobility. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-138-88954-5.
↑  Fox, Margalit (25 בינואר 2002). "Michael Young, 86, Scholar; Coined, Mocked 'Meritocracy'". The New York Times. ארכיון מ-7 בנובמבר 2016. נבדק ב-19 בפברואר 2017. {{cite news}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Mijs, Jonathan J.B.; Savage, Mike (2020). "Meritocracy, Elitism and Inequality". The Political Quarterly. 91 (2): 397–404. doi:10.1111/1467-923X.12828.
↑  Sachs-Cobbe, Benjamin (2023). "Recent Work on Meritocracy". Analysis. 83 (1): 171–185. doi:10.1093/analys/anac091.
↑  Young, Michael (1958). The rise of the meritocracy, 1870-2033: An essay on education and inequality. London: Thames & Hudson. p. 11. OCLC 3943639.
↑  "Crisis in Education" (אורכב 14.10.2013 בארכיון Wayback Machine) (p. 4).
↑  Littler, Jo (2017-03-20). "Meritocracy: the great delusion that ingrains inequality". The Guardian (באנגלית בריטית). ISSN 0261-3077. נבדק ב-2025-02-03.
1 2  Chang, C.H. (2017). "How meritocracy is defined today?: Contemporary aspects of meritocracy". Recent Issues in Sociological Research. 10 (1): 112–121. doi:10.14254/2071-789X.2017/10-1/8.
↑  De Vos, M. (2020). The European Court of Justice and the march towards substantive equality in European Union anti-discrimination law. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 20(1), 62-87.
↑  Littler, J. (2018). Against Meritocracy: Culture, Power and Myths of Mobility. Routledge. pp. 8–9. ISBN 978-1-138-88954-5.
↑  Scully, M.A. (2014). "Meritocracy". Wiley Encyclopedia of Management.
↑  Littler, J. (2018). Against Meritocracy: Culture, Power and Myths of Mobility. Routledge. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-138-88954-5.
↑  Panayotakis, C. (2014). "Capitalism, Meritocracy, and Social Stratification: A Radical Reformulation of the Davis-Moore Thesis". The American Journal of Economics and Sociology. 73 (1): 126–151. doi:10.1111/ajes.12068.
↑  Litter, J. (2018). Against Meritocracy: Culture, Power and Myths of Mobility. Routledge. p. 2. ISBN 978-1-138-88954-5.
↑  Piketty, T. (2014). Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674430006.
↑  Mijs, J.J.B. (2021). "The paradox of inequality: income inequality and belief in meritocracy go hand in hand". Socio-Economic Review. 19 (1): 7–35. doi:10.1093/ser/mwy051.
↑  Kazin, Edwards, and Rothman (2010), 142. One of the oldest examples of a merit-based civil service system existed in the imperial bureaucracy of China.
↑  Tan, Chung; Geng, Yinzheng (2005). India and China: twenty centuries of civilization interaction and vibrations. University of Michigan Press. p. 128. China not only produced the world's first "bureaucracy", but also the world's first "meritocracy"
↑  Konner, Melvin (2003). Unsettled: an anthropology of the Jews. Viking Compass. p. 217. ISBN 9780670032440. China is the world's oldest meritocracy
↑  Tucker, Mary Evelyn (2009). "Touching the Depths of Things: Cultivating Nature in East Asia". Ecology and the Environment: Perspectives from the Humanities. Harvard Divinity School: 51. To staff these institutions, they created the oldest meritocracy in the world, in which government appointments were based on civil service examinations that drew on the values of the Confucian Classics
↑  Sienkewicz, Thomas J. (2003). Encyclopedia of the Ancient World. Salem Press. p. 434. Confucius invented the notion that those who govern should so because of merit and not inherited status, setting in motion the creation of the imperial examinations and bureaucracies open only to those who passed tests.
↑  Burbank and Cooper (2010), 51.
↑  See Estlund (2003) for a summary and discussion.
↑  Alkouatli, Claire (2007). Islam. Marshall Cavendish. ISBN 9780761421207.
↑  Roger Savory, Iran under the Safavids, p. 183.
↑  Sir E. Denison Ross, Sir Anthony Sherley and his Persian Adventure, pp. 219–20.
↑  The Ottoman Centuries Lord Kinross
↑  For more on this topic: Madeline C. Zilfi, Politics of Piety: The Ottoman Ulema in the Postclassical Age (1600–1800)
↑  Kazin, Edwards, and Rothman (2010), 142.
1 2 3  יוסי, י' (2005). הזדמנות למה? "תפוז" – כתב עת פדגוגי לחדשות ויזמות, משרד החינוך.
↑  היימן, ט' (2004). הכיתה המשלבת: עמדות מורים כלפי תלמידים עם וללא לקות למידה דפים, (38), 152-165.
↑  What's College For?: The Struggle To Define American Higher Education; Zachary Karabell; מסת"ב 978-0-465-09152-2
↑  Journal of College Teaching & Learning – May 2008 Volume 5, Number 5 AACSB Accreditation
↑  Furlong, Andy; Cartmel, Fred (2009-06-01). Higher education and social justice. Maidenhead: Open University Press. ISBN 978-0-335-22362-6.
| --- | --- |
בקרת זהויות :  LNB: 000350134  NDL: 001303562  NKC: ph1154425