הקונצנזוס המדעי באשר לשינוי האקלים
הערות שוליים

↑  Wildlife Society Global Climate Change and Wildlife (PDF), אורכב מ-המקור (PDF) ב-27 בנובמבר 2008 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "Scientists throughout the world have concluded that climate research conducted in the past two decades definitively shows that rapid worldwide climate change occurred in the 20th century, and will likely continue to occur for decades to come. Although climates have varied dramatically since the Earth was formed, few scientists question the role of humans in exacerbating recent climate change through the emission of greenhouse gases. The critical issue is no longer "if" climate change is occurring, but rather how to address its effects on wildlife and wildlife habitats." The statement goes on to assert that "evidence is accumulating that wildlife and wildlife habitats have been and will continue to be significantly affected by ongoing large-scale rapid climate change." The statement concludes with a call for "reduction in anthropogenic (human-caused) sources of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions contributing to global climate change and the conservation of CO2- consuming photosynthesizers (i.e., plants)."
↑  AAP Global Climate Change and Children's Health, 2007, אורכב מ-המקור ב-22 ביולי 2009, נבדק ב-13 בפברואר 2009 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "There is broad scientific consensus that Earth's climate is warming rapidly and at an accelerating rate. Human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels, are very likely (>90% probability) to be the main cause of this warming. Climate-sensitive changes in ecosystems are already being observed, and fundamental, potentially irreversible, ecological changes may occur in the coming decades. Conservative environmental estimates of the impact of climate changes that are already in process indicate that they will result in numerous health effects to children. Anticipated direct health consequences of climate change include injury and death from extreme weather events and natural disasters, increases in climate-sensitive infectious diseases, increases in air pollution–related illness, and more heat-related, potentially fatal, illness. Within all of these categories, children have increased vulnerability compared with other groups."
↑  ACPM Policy Statement Abrupt Climate Change and Public Health Implications, 2006, אורכב מ-המקור ב-7 בנובמבר 2007, נבדק ב-21 בנובמבר 2008 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "The American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM) accept the position that global warming and climate change is occurring, that there is potential for abrupt climate change, and that human practices that increase greenhouse gases exacerbate the problem, and that the public health consequences may be severe."
↑  American Medical Association Policy Statement, 2008 "Support the findings of the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report, which states that the Earth is undergoing adverse global climate change and that these changes will negatively affect public health. Support educating the medical community on the potential adverse public health effects of global climate change, including topics such as population displacement, flooding, infectious and vector-borne diseases, and healthy water supplies."
↑  American Public Health Association Policy Statement Addressing the Urgent Threat of Global Climate Change to Public Health and the Environment, 2007, אורכב מ-המקור ב-31 בדצמבר 2009 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "The long-term threat of global climate change to global health is extremely serious and the fourth IPCC report and other scientific literature demonstrate convincingly that anthropogenic GHG emissions are primarily responsible for this threat....US policy makers should immediately take necessary steps to reduce US emissions of GHGs, including carbon dioxide, to avert dangerous climate change."
↑  AMA Climate Change and Human Health — 2004, 2004(הקישור אינו פעיל) They recommend policies "to mitigate the possible consequential health effects of climate change through improved energy efficiency, clean energy production and other emission reduction steps."
↑  AMA Climate Change and Human Health — 2004. Revised 2008., 2008, אורכב מ-המקור ב-16 בפברואר 2009 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "The world's climate – our life-support system – is being altered in ways that are likely to pose significant direct and indirect challenges to health. While 'climate change' can be due to natural forces or human activity, there is now substantial evidence to indicate that human activity – and specifically increased greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions – is a key factor in the pace and extent of global temperature increases. Health impacts of climate change include the direct impacts of extreme events such as storms, floods, heatwaves and fires and the indirect effects of longer-term changes, such as drought, changes to the food and water supply, resource conflicts and population shifts. Increases in average temperatures mean that alterations in the geographic range and seasonality of certain infections and diseases (including vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, Ross River virus and food-borne infections such as Salmonellosis) may be among the first detectable impacts of climate change on human health. Human health is ultimately dependent on the health of the planet and its ecosystem. The AMA believes that measures which mitigate climate change will also benefit public health. Reducing GHGs should therefore be seen as a public health priority."
↑  World Federation of Public Health Associations resolution "Global Climate Change" (PDF), 2001, אורכב מ-המקור (PDF) ב-17 בדצמבר 2008 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "Noting the conclusions of the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and other climatologists that anthropogenic greenhouse gases, which contribute to global climate change, have substantially increased in atmospheric concentration beyond natural processes and have increased by 28 percent since the industrial revolution….Realizing that subsequent health effects from such perturbations in the climate system would likely include an increase in: heat-related mortality and morbidity; vector-borne infectious diseases,… water-borne diseases…(and) malnutrition from threatened agriculture….the World Federation of Public Health Associations…recommends precautionary primary preventive measures to avert climate change, including reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and preservation of greenhouse gas sinks through appropriate energy and land use policies, in view of the scale of potential health impacts".
↑  WHO Protecting health from climate change (PDF), 2008, p. 2, נבדק ב-18 באפריל 2009 {{citation}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "Closer than ever: It is 100 seconds to midnight". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. נבדק ב-29 בינואר 2020. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Statement supporting AGU statement on human-induced climate change, American Astronomical Society, 2004, אורכב מ-המקור ב-7 במאי 2007 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "In endorsing the "Human Impacts on Climate" statement [issued by the American Geophysical Union], the AAS recognizes the collective expertise of the AGU in scientific subfields central to assessing and understanding global change, and acknowledges the strength of agreement among our AGU colleagues that the global climate is changing and human activities are contributing to that change."
↑  ASA Statement on Climate Change, 30 בנובמבר 2007 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "The ASA endorses the IPCC conclusions.... Over the course of four assessment reports, a small number of statisticians have served as authors or reviewers. Although this involvement is encouraging, it does not represent the full range of statistical expertise available. ASA recommends that more statisticians should become part of the IPCC process. Such participation would be mutually beneficial to the assessment of climate change and its impacts and also to the statistical community."
↑  Lapp, David. "What Is Climate Change". Canadian Council of Professional Engineers. נבדק ב-18 באוגוסט 2015. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Policy Statement, Climate Change and Energy, בפברואר 2007 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "Engineers Australia believes that Australia must act swiftly and proactively in line with global expectations to address climate change as an economic, social and environmental risk ... We believe that addressing the costs of atmospheric emissions will lead to increasing our competitive advantage by minimising risks and creating new economic opportunities. Engineers Australia believes the Australian Government should ratify the Kyoto Protocol."
↑  IAGLR Fact Sheet The Great Lakes at a Crossroads: Preparing for a Changing Climate (PDF), בפברואר 2009 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "While the Earth's climate has changed many times during the planet's history because of natural factors, including volcanic eruptions and changes in the Earth's orbit, never before have we observed the present rapid rise in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2). Human activities resulting from the industrial revolution have changed the chemical composition of the atmosphere. ... Deforestation is now the second largest contributor to global warming, after the burning of fossil fuels. These human activities have significantly increased the concentration of "greenhouse gases" in the atmosphere. As the Earth's climate warms, we are seeing many changes: stronger, more destructive hurricanes; heavier rainfall; more disastrous flooding; more areas of the world experiencing severe drought; and more heat waves."
↑  IPENZ Informatory Note, Climate Change and the greenhouse effect (PDF), באוקטובר 2001 {{citation}}:  (עזרה) "Human activities have increased the concentration of these atmospheric greenhouse gases, and although the changes are relatively small, the equilibrium maintained by the atmosphere is delicate, and so the effect of these changes is significant. The world's most important greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide, a by-product of the burning of fossil fuels. Since the time of the Industrial Revolution about 200 years ago, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased from about 280 parts per million to 370 parts per million, an increase of around 30%. On the basis of available data, climate scientists are now projecting an average global temperature rise over this century of 2.0 to 4.5°C. This compared with 0.6°C over the previous century – about a 500% increase ... This could lead to changing, and for all emissions scenarios more unpredictable, weather patterns around the world, less frost days, more extreme events (droughts and storm or flood disasters), and warmer sea temperatures and melting glaciers causing sea levels to rise. ... Professional engineers commonly deal with risk, and frequently have to make judgments based on incomplete data. The available evidence suggests very strongly that human activities have already begun to make significant changes to the earth's climate, and that the long-term risk of delaying action is greater than the cost of avoiding/minimising the risk."
↑  AAPG Position Statement: Climate Change from dpa.aapg.org
↑  "Climate :03:2007 EXPLORER". Aapg.org. נבדק ב-30 ביולי 2012. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Sunsetting the Global Climate Change Committee, The Professional Geologist, March/April 2010, p. 28
↑  "AIPG Position Statements". נבדק ב-1 בפברואר 2018. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "The Professional Geologist publications". אורכב מ-המקור ב-5 במרץ 2012. נבדק ב-30 ביולי 2012. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Naomi Oreskes (3 בדצמבר 2004). "Beyond the Ivory Tower: The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change" (PDF). Science. 306 (5702): 1686. doi:10.1126/science.1103618. PMID 15576594. S2CID 153792099. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה) (see also for an exchange of letters to Science)
↑  Lavelle, Marianne (23 באפריל 2008). "Survey Tracks Scientists' Growing Climate Concern". U.S. News & World Report. נבדק ב-20 בינואר 2010. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Lichter, S. Robert (24 באפריל 2008). "Climate Scientists Agree on Warming, Disagree on Dangers, and Don't Trust the Media's Coverage of Climate Change". Statistical Assessment Service, George Mason University. אורכב מ-המקור ב-11 בינואר 2010. נבדק ב-20 בינואר 2010. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  ""Structure of Scientific Opinion on Climate Change" at Journalist's Resource.org".
↑  Stephen J. Farnsworth; S. Robert Lichter (27 באוקטובר 2011). "The Structure of Scientific Opinion on Climate Change". International Journal of Public Opinion Research. אורכב מ-המקור ב-11 במרץ 2013. נבדק ב-2 בדצמבר 2011. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Bray, Dennis; von Storch, Hans (2009). "A Survey of the Perspectives of Climate Scientists Concerning Climate Science and Climate Change" (PDF).
↑  Bray, D.; von Storch H. (2009). "Prediction' or 'Projection; The nomenclature of climate science" (PDF). Science Communication. 30 (4): 534–543. doi:10.1177/1075547009333698. S2CID 145338218.
↑  Doran, Peter T.; Zimmerman, Maggie Kendall (20 בינואר 2009). "Examining the Scientific Consensus on Climate Change". Eos (באנגלית). 90 (3): 22–23. Bibcode:2009EOSTr..90...22D. doi:10.1029/2009EO030002. ISSN 2324-9250. S2CID 128398335. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Anderegg, William R L; Prall, James W.; Harold, Jacob; Schneider, Stephen H. (2010). "Expert credibility in climate change". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107 (27): 12107–12109. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10712107A. doi:10.1073/pnas.1003187107. PMC 2901439. PMID 20566872.
↑  Cook, John; Nuccitelli, Dana; Green, Sarah A.; Richardson, Mark; Winkler, Bärbel; Painting, Rob; Way, Robert; Skuce, Andrew (1 בינואר 2013). "Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature". Environmental Research Letters (באנגלית). 8 (2): 024024. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8b4024C. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024024. ISSN 1748-9326. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Tol, Richard S J (1 באפריל 2016). "Comment on 'Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature'". Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing. 11 (4): 048001. Bibcode:2016ERL....11d8001T. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048001. ISSN 1748-9326. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Cook, John; Oreskes, Naomi; Doran, Peter T.; Anderegg, William R. L.; Verheggen, Bart; Maibach, Ed W.; Carlton, J. Stuart; Lewandowsky, Stephan; Skuce, Andrew G.; Green, Sarah A.; Nuccitelli, Dana (באפריל 2016). "Consensus on consensus: a synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming". Environmental Research Letters (באנגלית). 11 (4): 048002. Bibcode:2016ERL....11d8002C. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048002. ISSN 1748-9326. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Plait, P. (11 בדצמבר 2012). "Why Climate Change Denial Is Just Hot Air". Slate. נבדק ב-14 בפברואר 2014. {{cite news}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Plait, P. (14 בינואר 2014). "The Very, Very Thin Wedge of Denial". Slate. נבדק ב-14 בפברואר 2014. {{cite news}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Powell, James Lawrence (1 באוקטובר 2015). "Climate Scientists Virtually Unanimous Anthropogenic Global Warming Is True". Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society (באנגלית). 35 (5–6): 121–124. doi:10.1177/0270467616634958. ISSN 0270-4676. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Powell, James Lawrence (24 במאי 2017). "The Consensus on Anthropogenic Global Warming Matters". Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society (באנגלית). 36 (3): 157–163. doi:10.1177/0270467617707079. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Ramanujan, Krishna. "More than 99.9% of studies agree: Humans caused climate change". Cornell Chronicle. Environmental Research Letters. נבדק ב-20 באוקטובר 2021. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  US NRC (2008). Understanding and Responding to Climate Change. A brochure prepared by the US National Research Council (US NRC) (PDF). Washington DC, USA: US National Academy of Sciences.
↑  "Joint Science Academies' Statement" (PDF).
↑  "Climate Change Research: Issues for the Atmospheric and Related Sciences Adopted by the AMS Council 9 February 2003". Ametsoc.org. 9 בפברואר 2003. נבדק ב-30 ביולי 2012. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "Australian Coral Reef Society". Australian Coral Reef Society. נבדק ב-30 ביולי 2012. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Australian Coral Reef Society official letter (אורכב 22.03.2006 בארכיון Wayback Machine), 16 June 2006
ההשפעה של גזי חממה אטמוספיריים בעלי תוחלת חיים גבוהה על ההתחממות (הקרויה "כוח קרינתי") כמעט הוכפלה תוך 40 שנה.
הערכת האקלים הלאומית הרביעית ("NCA4", תוכנית המחקר, 2017) כוללת תרשימים הממחישים כיצד גורמים אנושיים, במיוחד הצטברות של גזי חממה באטמוספירה, הם הגורם העיקרי להתחממות הגלובלית הנצפית.
מחקרים שעברו ביקורת עמיתים העוסקים בקונצנזוס באשר להתחממות גלובלית אנתרופוגנית