טיפול הורמונלי
הערות שוליים

↑  International Agency for Research on Cancer (1998-03-03). "Progestins as carcinogens".
↑  Stephenson, J (2001). "Estrogen as a carcinogen". JAMA 285: 284.
↑  Simoncini, T; Mannella P, Fornari L, Caruso A, Willis MY, Garibaldi S, Baldacci C, Genazzani AR. (2004). "Differential signal transduction of progesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate in human endothelial cells". Endocrinology 145 (12): 5745–56. PMID 15358673.
↑  Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al (2002). "Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results From the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial". JAMA 288 (3): 321–33. PMID 12117397.
↑  The Million Women Study
↑  Wyeth Asks FDA: Prohibit Bio-Identical Hormones
↑  FDA (November 17 2004). "Black Box Warning Added Concerning Long-Term Use of Depo-Provera Contraceptive Injection".
↑  Curtis KM, Martins SL (2006). "Progestogen-only contraception and bone mineral density: a systematic review". Contraception 73 (5): 470–87. PMID 16627031.
↑  Scarabin PY, Oger E, Plu-Bureau G (2003). "Differential association of oral and transdermal oestrogen-replacement therapy with venous thromboembolism risk". Lancet 362 (9382): 428–32. PMID 12927428.
↑  Lindsay R and Cosman F (2005). "Osteoporosis". Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine: 2275.
↑  Boothby LA, Doering PL, Kipersztok S (2004). "Bioidentical hormone therapy: a review". Menopause (New York, N.Y.) 11 (3): 356–67. PMID 15167316.
↑  Somers, Suzanne (2004). The sexy years: discover the hormone connection: the secret to fabulous sex, great health, and vitality for women and men. New York: Crown Publishers. ISBN 0-609-60721-9.
↑  "Statement of Steven K. Galson, M.D., M.P.H., Director, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration before Senate Special committee on Aging, "Bio-Identical Hormones: Sound Science or Bad Medicine"". FDA (April 19, 2007).
↑  What are bioidentical hormones?. Harvard Health Publication, Harvard Medical School (August 2006).
↑  Mayo Clinic (2007-08-21). "Bioidentical hormones: Are they safer?"
↑  Peck, Peggy. "FDA Cracks Down on Bio-Identical Hormones from Compounding Pharmacies" (Web article). MedPageToday.
↑  Unequal risks for breast cancer associated with different hormone replacement therapies: results from the E3N cohort study. Fournier A, Berrino F, Clavel-Chapelon F. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 2007
↑  Fitzpatrick La et al. Comparison of regimens containing oral micronized progesterone of medroxyprogesterone acetate on quality of life in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional survey. J Women's Health Gen Based Med 2000 Mayu;9(4):381-7
↑  Fitzpatrick LA, Good A. Micronized progesterone: clinical indications and comparison with current treatment. Fertil Steril 1999 Sept;72(3):389-97.
↑  Rosano GM; Webb CM; Chierchia S; Morgani GL; Gabraele M; Sarrel PM; de Ziegler D; Collins P. Natural progesterone, but not medroxyprogesterone acetate, enhances the beneficial effect of estrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in postmenopausal women. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000 Dec;36(7):2154-9.
↑  Clarkson TB. Progestogens and cardiovascular disease. A critical review. J Reprod Med 1999 Feb;44(2 Suppl):180-4
↑  Adams MR; Register TC; Golden DL; Wagner JD; Williams JK Medroxyprogesterone acetate antagonizes inhibitory effects of conjugated equine estrogens on coronary artery atherosclerosis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997 Jan;17(1):217-21 (ISSN: 1079-5642
↑  Adams MR et al. Inhibition of coronary artery athrosclerosis by 17-beta estradiol in ovariectomized monkeys: Lack of an effect of added progesterone. Arteriosclerosis 1990;10:1051-7.
↑  Levine RL; Chen SJ; Durand J; Chen YF; Oparil S. Medroxyprogesterone attenuates estrogen-mediated inhibition of neointima formation after balloon injury of the rat carotid artery. Circulation 1996 Nov 1;94(9):2221-7.
↑  Register TC; Adams MR; Golden DL; Clarkson TB. Conjugated equine estrogens alone, but not in combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate, inhibit aortic connective tissue remodeling after plasma lipid lowering in female monkeys. Athrioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1998 Jul;18(7):1164-71.
↑  Morey AK; Pedram A; Razandi M; Prins BA; Hu RM; Biesiada E; Levin ER. Estrogen and progesterone inhibit vascular smooth muscle proliferation. Endocrinology 1997 Aug;138(8):3330-9.
↑  Lee WS; Harder JA; Yoshizumi M; Lee ME; Haber E. Progesterone inhibits arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Nat Med 1997 Sep;3(9):1005-8.
↑  Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial. The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial. JAMA 1995 Jan 18;273(3):199-208
↑  Tzingounis VA; Aksu MF; Greenblatt RB Estriol in the management of the menopause JAMA 1978 Apr 21;239(16):1638-41.
↑  Lemon HM; Wotiz HH; Parsons L; Mozden PJ Reduced estriol excretion in patients with breast cancer prior to endocrine therapy. JAMA 1966 Jun 27;196(13):1128-36.
↑  Lemon, H.M. Pathophysiologic considerations tin the treatment of menopausal patients with oestrogens; the role of oestriol in the prevention of mammary carcinoma. Acta Endocrinol Suppl 1980 233:17-27. DNH
↑  Follingstad AH Estriol, The Forgotten Estrogen. JAMA Jan 2 1978, 239(1) p29-30
↑  Lemon Hm. Antimammary carcinogenic activity of 17-alpha-ethnyl estriol. Cancer 1987;60:2873-81.
↑  MacMahon B; Cole P; Brown JB; Aoki K; Lin TM; Morgan RW; Woo N. Oestrogen profiles of Asian and North American women. Lancet 1971 Oct 23;2(7730):900-2.
↑  Lemon Hm. Oestriol and prevention of breast cancer. Lancet 1973;march 10:546-7.
↑  Bulbrook RD; Swain MC; Wang DY; Hayward JL; Kumaoka S; Takatani O; Abe O; Utsunomiya J. Breast cancer in Britain and Japan: plasma oestradiol-17beta, oestrone and progesterone,and their urinary metabolites in normal British and Japanese women. Eur J Cancer 1976 Sep;12(9):725-35.
↑  Erika T. Schwartz, Kent Holtorf,Hormones in Wellness and Disease Prevention: Common Practices,Current State of the Evidence, and Questions for the Future. Prim Care Clin Office Pract 35 (2008) 669–705. PMID 18928825.
↑  Tuiten, A. Van Honk, J. Koppeschaar, H. Barnaards, C. Thijssen, J. Verbaten, R. Time Course of Effects of Testosterone Administration on Sexual Arousal in Women. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:149-153.
↑  Almeida, O.P., Yeap, B.B., Hankey, G.J, Jamrozik, K., Flicker, L. Low Free Testosterone Concentration as a Potentially Treatable Cause of Depressive Symptoms in Older Men. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008;65(3):283-289.
↑  Moffat SD, Zonderman AB, Metter EJ, Blackman MR, Harman SM, Resnick SM. Longitudinal assessment of serum free testosterone concentration predicts memory performance and cognitive status in elderly men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Nov;87(11):5001-7. PMID 12414864.
↑  The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Aug 2002. Vol. 87, No. 8 3632-3639
↑  Janowsky J et al. Sex steroids modify working memory J Cogn Neurosci 2000 May;12(3):407-14 PMID 10931767.
↑  Replacement therapy for Addison's disease: recent developments. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2008 Apr;17(4):497-509. PMID 18363515.
↑  Holtorf, K.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and Fibromyalgia (FM) Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. 2008 14:3.
| --- | --- |
בקרת זהויות :  NLI: 987007565307005171  BnF: cb119778873 (data)  LCCN: sh85061979  LNB: 000137459  NDL: 00563448  NKC: ph134808 
הבהרה: המידע בוויקיפדיה נועד להעשרה בלבד ואינו מהווה ייעוץ רפואי.
המבנה הכימי של אסטריול (סוג של אסטרוגן טבעי)
המבנה הכימי של פרמרין (סוג של אסטרוגן סינתטי)
המבנה הכימי של פרוגסטרון טבעי
המבנה הכימי של טיבולון (פרוגסטרון סינתטי, נקרא גם Livial - ליוויאל)