העולם כרצון וכייצוג
הערות שוליים

↑  Braunschweig, Yael (2013), "Schopenhauer and Rossinian Universiality: On the Italianate in Schopenhauer's Metaphysics of Music",  in Mathew, Nicholas; Walton, Benjamin (eds.), The Invention of Beethoven and Rossini: Historiography, Analysis, Criticism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 297, n. 7, ISBN 978-0-521-76805-40)
↑  Thomas Mann, Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung von Schopenhauer in einer gekürzten Fassung dargeboten von Thomas Mann (Zurich: Classen, 1948).
1 2  Schopenhauer, Arthur (2014). The World as Will and Representation, Volume 1. תורגם ע"י Norman, Judith; Welchman, Alistair; Janaway, Christopher. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 6. ISBN 9780521871846.
↑  Schopenhauer, Arthur (2014). The World as Will and Representation, Volume 1. תורגם ע"י Norman, Judith; Welchman, Alistair; Janaway, Christopher. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 7. ISBN 9780521871846.
↑  Barbara Hannan, The Riddle of the World, Chapter 5, "Pessimism, Depression, and Salvation," "Salvation as Denial of the Will," p. 141.
↑  Julian Young, Schopenhauer, Routledge, NY, 2005, Chapter Eight, "Salvation," p. 197 f.
↑  Recent genetics research might show Schopenhauer to be right. For example, from New Scientist: "Eric 'Barry' Keverne ... and Azim Surani ... have evidence that in the mouse the mother's genes contribute more to the development of the 'thinking', or 'executive', centres of the brain, while paternal genes have a greater impact on the development of the 'emotional' limbic brain." (by Gail Vines, 3 May 1997, p 34, Where did you get your brains?)
↑  Cartwright, David E. (2010). Schopenhauer: a Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 337. ISBN 978-0-521-82598-6.
↑  "Unsere Zeit. Jahrbuch zum Conversations-Lexikon, 4. Band, Leipzig (Brockhaus) 1860, S. 711 ff".
↑  Beiser, Frederick C. (2008). Weltschmerz, Pessimism in German Philosophy, 1860–1900. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 14–16. ISBN 978-0198768715. Arthur Schopenhauer was the most famous and influential philosopher in Germany from 1860 until the First World War. ... Schopenhauer had a profound influence on two intellectual movements of the late 19th century that were utterly opposed to him: neo-Kantianism and positivism. He forced these movements to address issues they would otherwise have completely ignored, and in doing so he changed them markedly. ... Schopenhauer set the agenda for his age.
↑  Grace Neal Dolson, "The Influence of Schopenhauer upon Friedrich Nietzsche", The Philosophical Review, Vol. 10, No. 3 (May, 1901), pp. 241-250
↑  Beiser, Frederick. Weltschmerz: Pessimism in German Philosophy, 1860-1900. Oxford University Press, 2016. pp. 236.
↑  "...the deeper preoccupation of his [Wittgenstein’s] later years remained the same as that of his youth: to complete the logical and ethical tasks begun by Kant and Schopenhauer." Allan Janik and Stephen Toulmin, Wittgenstein’s Vienna, Chapter 7, p. 224
↑  "Moving on by way of Schopenhauer to Wittgenstein .... The only hope for the individual is to save his own soul; and even this he can do only by avoiding worldly entanglements. One of the few pieces of authentic moral advice Wittgenstein was heard to give in his later years is the maxim, 'One must travel light.'" Allan Janik and Stephen Toulmin, Wittgenstein’s Vienna, Chapter 8, p. 244. Also, "The only life that is happy is the life that can renounce the amenities of the world." Wittgenstein, Notebooks 1914–1916, Note of 13 August 1916
↑  "In theoretical matters, Wittgenstein’s later philosophy of the Philosophical Investigations is very different from—according to many an explicit rejection of—the philosophy of the Tractatus. But since his personal life was rather clearly an attempt to live the 'ethical' life as conceived in the Tractatus, it seems that in existential matters he did not change his mind. Given that this conception of the ethical life is so strongly influenced by Schopenhauer, it may be said that, in a way, Schopenhauer stayed with him all his life." Julian Young, Schopenhauer, Routledge, New York, 2005, pp. 232 f.
↑  White, Pamela C. (1984). "Schopenhauer and Schoenberg". Journal of the Arnold Schoenberg Institute. 8 (1): 39–57. The influence of Schopenhauer on Schoenberg's thinking can be seen in several different ways. First, the influence is reflected directly in Schoenberg's own essays, and philosophical writings about music and other matters. … Schoenberg owned almost all of the works of Schopenhauer … Schoenberg's use of his Schopenhauer volumes may be compared to his books by other philosophers: of Kant, Schopenhauer's direct intellectual forebear, he owned practically everything. Of Hegel, no books at all!
↑  Mahler: Das Lied von der Erde by Stephen Helfling
↑  Megan H. Francisco (2016). Mahler's Third Symphony and the Languages of Transcendence. University of Washington. p. 1.
↑  Darwin, Charles. The Descent of Man. p. 586.
↑  Lovejoy, Arthur O. (באפריל 1911). "Schopenhauer as an Evolutionist". The Monist. 21 (2): 203. doi:10.5840/monist191121240. JSTOR 27900310. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Howard, Don A. (בדצמבר 2005), "Albert Einstein as a Philosopher of Science" (PDF), Physics Today, American Institute of Physics, 58 (12): 34–40, Bibcode:2005PhT....58l..34H, doi:10.1063/1.2169442, נבדק ב-8 במרץ 2015, From Schopenhauer he had learned to regard the independence of spatially separated systems as, virtually, a necessary a priori assumption ... Einstein regarded his separation principle, descended from Schopenhauer's principium individuationis, as virtually an axiom for any future fundamental physics. ... Schopenhauer stressed the essential structuring role of space and time in individuating physical systems and their evolving states. This view implies that difference of location suffices to make two systems different in the sense that each has its own real physical state, independent of the state of the other. For Schopenhauer, the mutual independence of spatially separated systems was a necessary a priori truth. {{citation}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Isaacson, Walter (2007). Einstein: His Life and Universe. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 367. ISBN 978-0743264747.
↑  John Earman, John D. Norton (1997). The Cosmos of Science: Essays of Exploration. Univ of Pittsburgh Pr. pp. 131. ISBN 0822939304. Schrödinger's biographer, Walter Moore, details the lifelong influence of Schopenhauer on Schrödinger ... or the Schopenhauerian label that Schrödinger put on one folder of papers in his files: "Sammlung der Gedanken über das physikalische Principium individuationis".
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שופנהאואר בשנת 1815, השנה השנייה מתוך חמש השנים בהם נכתבה המהדורה הראשונה של הספר.
אפלטון "האלוהי"
עמנואל קאנט, דיוקן משנת 1791
סצנת הצגת השחקנים במחזה המלט.
הביטוי "Tat Tvam Asi" (אתה הוא זה), אחד המהוואקיות של האופנישדות, מוצג על מקדש הודי. שופנהאואר משתמש בביטוי כדי לבטא עיקרון יסוד באתיקה שלו: "הרצון הוא כשלעצמו של כל תופעה, וככזה הוא עצמו חופשי מצורת ההופעה, ולפיכך מכל ריבוי" (ספרIV ‏ §66).
שופנהאואר אחרי שזכה להערכה ציבורית, בשנת 1859 (שנה לפני מותו).
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