עידן הג'אז
הערות שוליים

↑  "What the Great Gatsby Got Right About the Jazz Age". www.smithsonianmag.com. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
↑  "Dixieland (AKA Early Jazz)". www.jazzinamerica.org. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
↑  http://www.jazzinamerica.org/LessonPlan/5/1/249
↑  "Where did jazz come from?". www.jazzinamerica.org. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
1 2  Biocca, Frank (1990). "Media and Perceptual Shifts: Early Radio and the Clash of Musical Cultures". The Journal of Popular Culture. 24 (2): 1. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3840.1990.2402_1.x.
↑  McCANN, PAUL. 2008. "Performing Primitivism: Disarming the Social Threat of Jazz in Narrative Fiction of the Early Sixties." Journal of Popular Culture 41, no. 4: 658–675. America: History & Life, p. 3.
1 2  Berger, Morroe (1 January 1947). "Jazz: Resistance to the Diffusion of a Culture-Pattern". The Journal of Negro History. 32 (4): 461–494. doi:10.2307/2714928. JSTOR 2714928.
1 2 3  Barlow, William (1 January 1995). "Black Music on Radio During the Jazz Age". African American Review. 29 (2): 325–328. doi:10.2307/3042311. JSTOR 3042311.
↑  Margaret Sands Orchowski (2015). The Law that Changed the Face of America: The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 32.
1 2  Ward, Geoffrey C.; Burns, Ken (October 8, 2002). Jazz: A History of America's Music (1st ed.). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-76539-4.
↑  Cooke 1999, p. 54
↑  "Kid Ory". The Red Hot Archive. Retrieved October 29, 2007.
↑  "Bessie Smith". The Red Hot Archive. Retrieved October 29, 2007.
↑  "Fletcher Henderson: 'Architect of Swing'". NPR. December 19, 2007. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
↑  Schuller (1968: 91).
↑  Schuller (1968: 93)
↑  Cooke 1999, pp. 56–59, 78–79, 66–70
↑  Mario Dunkel, "W. C. Handy, Abbe Niles, and (Auto)biographical Positioning in the Whiteman Era," Popular Music and Society 38.2 (2015): 122–139.
↑  Cooke 1999, pp. 82–83, 100–103
↑  Schuller (1968: 88)
↑  Cunningham, Lawrence, John J. Reich, and Lois Fichner-Rathus. Culture & Values: A Survey of the Humanities. 8th ed. Boston, MA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning, 2014. Print.
↑  Chevan, David. "Musical Literacy and Jazz Musicians in the 1910s and 1920s." Current Musicology; Spring 2001/2002; 71–73. Print.
↑  "The Jazz Age". Boundless.com. July 21, 2015. Retrieved August 28, 2015.
↑  "The Harlem Renaissance and the Jazz Age". Tdl.org. Retrieved August 28, 2015.
↑  iocca, Frank, "Media and Perceptual Shifts: Early Radio and the Clash of Musical Cultures", Journal of Popular Culture, 24:2 (1990), p. 3.
↑  Linda De Roche (2015). The Jazz Age: A Historical Exploration of Literature: A Historical Exploration of Literature. ABC-CLIO. p. 18.
↑  Savran, David. "The Search for America's Soul: Theatre in the Jazz Age." Theatre Journal 58.3 (2006), 459-476. Print.
↑  Paula S. Fass, The Damned and the Beautiful: American Youth in the 1920s (1977), p. 22.
↑  Dinerstein, Joel. "Music, Memory, and Cultural Identity in the Jazz Age." American Quarterly 55.2 (2003), 303-313. Print.
↑  Ward, Larry F. "Bessie", Notes, Volume 61, Number 2, December 2004, pp. 458–460 (review). Music Library Association
↑  For her music see "Black Women in America: Lovie Austin" (June 6, 2011).
↑  Santelli, Robert. The Big Book of Blues, Penguin Books (2001), p. 20; ISBN 0-14-100145-3
1 2 3  Borzillo, Carrie, "Women in Jazz: Music on Their Terms--As Gender Bias Fades, New Artists Emerge", Billboard 108:26 (June 29, 1996), pp. 1, 94–96.
↑  http://www.ellafitzgerald.com/
↑  Biocca, Frank, "Media and Perceptual Shifts: Early Radio and the Clash of Musical Cultures", Journal of Popular Culture, 24:2 (1990), p. 9.
למעלה: קטע מתוך המלודיה של "Mandy, Make Up Your Mind" מאת ג'ורג' וו' מאייר וארתור ג'ונסטון. למטה: קטע סולו מקביל של לואי ארמסטרונג (1924).