אורקסין
הערות שוליים

1 2 3  GRCh38: Ensembl גרסה 89: ENSG00000161610 - Ensembl, מאי 2017
1 2 3  GRCm38: Ensembl גרסה 89: ENSMUSG00000045471 - Ensembl, מאי 2017
↑  "Human PubMed Reference:".
↑  "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
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1 2  Stanford Center for Narcolepsy FAQ (retrieved 27-Mar-2012)
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↑  Deadwyler SA, Porrino L, Siegel JM, Hampson RE (בדצמבר 2007). "Systemic and nasal delivery of orexin-A (Hypocretin-1) reduces the effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance in nonhuman primates". The Journal of Neuroscience. 27 (52): 14239–14247. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3878-07.2007. PMC 6673447. PMID 18160631. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  Hallmayer J, Faraco J, Lin L, Hesselson S, Winkelmann J, Kawashima M,  et al. (ביוני 2009). "Narcolepsy is strongly associated with the T-cell receptor alpha locus". Nature Genetics. 41 (6): 708–711. doi:10.1038/ng.372. PMC 2803042. PMID 19412176. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "Narcolepsy is an autoimmune disorder, Stanford researcher says". EurekAlert. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 2009-05-03. נבדק ב-2009-05-31.
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↑  Ida T, Nakahara K, Katayama T, Murakami N, Nakazato M (במרץ 1999). "Effect of lateral cerebroventricular injection of the appetite-stimulating neuropeptide, orexin and neuropeptide Y, on the various behavioral activities of rats". Brain Research. 821 (2): 526–529. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01131-2. PMID 10064841. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  Brisbare-Roch C, Dingemanse J, Koberstein R, Hoever P, Aissaoui H, Flores S,  et al. (בפברואר 2007). "Promotion of sleep by targeting the orexin system in rats, dogs and humans". Nature Medicine. 13 (2): 150–155. doi:10.1038/nm1544. PMID 17259994. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  Inutsuka A, Yamanaka A (2013-03-06). "The physiological role of orexin/hypocretin neurons in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness and neuroendocrine functions". Frontiers in Endocrinology. 4 (18): 18. doi:10.3389/fendo.2013.00018. PMC 3589707. PMID 23508038.
↑  "Neurotransmitter Orexin Associated With Pleasure And Reward Pathways In The Brain". ScienceDaily. נבדק ב-2018-05-08.
↑  Harris GC, Wimmer M, Aston-Jones G (בספטמבר 2005). "A role for lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons in reward seeking". Nature. 437 (7058): 556–559. Bibcode:2005Natur.437..556H. doi:10.1038/nature04071. PMID 16100511. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Smith RJ, See RE, Aston-Jones G (באוגוסט 2009). "Orexin/hypocretin signaling at the orexin 1 receptor regulates cue-elicited cocaine-seeking". The European Journal of Neuroscience. 30 (3): 493–503. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06844.x. PMC 2771107. PMID 19656173. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Helen Puttick (2006-12-26). "Hope in fight against alcoholism". The Herald. אורכב מ-המקור ב-2012-02-10. נבדק ב-2007-02-11.
↑  Lawrence AJ, Cowen MS, Yang HJ, Chen F, Oldfield B (ביולי 2006). "The orexin system regulates alcohol-seeking in rats". British Journal of Pharmacology. 148 (6): 752–759. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706789. PMC 1617074. PMID 16751790. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Chieffi S, Carotenuto M, Monda V, Valenzano A, Villano I, Precenzano F,  et al. (2017-05-31). "Orexin System: The Key for a Healthy Life". Frontiers in Physiology. 8: 357. doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00357. PMC 5450021. PMID 28620314.
↑  "Blocking A Neuropeptide Receptor Decreases Nicotine Addiction". ScienceDaily LLC. 2008-12-01. נבדק ב-2009-02-11.
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↑  Skrzypski M, T Le T, Kaczmarek P, Pruszynska-Oszmalek E, Pietrzak P, Szczepankiewicz D,  et al. (ביולי 2011). "Orexin A stimulates glucose uptake, lipid accumulation and adiponectin secretion from 3T3-L1 adipocytes and isolated primary rat adipocytes". Diabetologia. 54 (7): 1841–1852. doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2152-2. PMID 21505958. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Blouin AM, Fried I, Wilson CL, Staba RJ, Behnke EJ, Lam HA,  et al. (2013). "Human hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone levels are linked to emotion and social interaction". Nature Communications. 4: 1547. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.1547B. doi:10.1038/ncomms2461. PMC 3595130. PMID 23462990.
↑  Ji MJ, Zhang XY, Chen Z, Wang JJ, Zhu JN (בפברואר 2019). "Orexin prevents depressive-like behavior by promoting stress resilience". Molecular Psychiatry. 24 (2): 282–293. doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0127-0. PMC 6755988. PMID 30087452. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Katzman MA, Katzman MP (בינואר 2022). "Neurobiology of the Orexin System and Its Potential Role in the Regulation of Hedonic Tone". Brain Sciences. 12 (2): 150. doi:10.3390/brainsci12020150. PMC 8870430. PMID 35203914. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Acuna-Goycolea C, Li Y, Van Den Pol AN (במרץ 2004). "Group III metabotropic glutamate receptors maintain tonic inhibition of excitatory synaptic input to hypocretin/orexin neurons". The Journal of Neuroscience. 24 (12): 3013–3022. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5416-03.2004. PMC 6729849. PMID 15044540. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Flores A, Maldonado R, Berrendero F (בדצמבר 2013). "Cannabinoid-hypocretin cross-talk in the central nervous system: what we know so far". Frontiers in Neuroscience. 7: 256. doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00256. PMC 3868890. PMID 24391536. Direct CB1-HcrtR1 interaction was first proposed in 2003 (Hilairet et al., 2003). Indeed, a 100-fold increase in the potency of hypocretin-1 to activate the ERK signaling was observed when CB1 and HcrtR1 were co-expressed ... In this study, a higher potency of hypocretin-1 to regulate CB1-HcrtR1 heteromer compared with the HcrtR1-HcrtR1 homomer was reported (Ward et al., 2011b). These data provide unambiguous identification of CB1-HcrtR1 heteromerization, which has a substantial functional impact. ... The existence of a cross-talk between the hypocretinergic and endocannabinoid systems is strongly supported by their partially overlapping anatomical distribution and common role in several physiological and pathological processes. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this interaction. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Thompson MD, Xhaard H, Sakurai T, Rainero I, Kukkonen JP (2014). "OX1 and OX2 orexin/hypocretin receptor pharmacogenetics". Frontiers in Neuroscience. 8: 57. doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00057. PMC 4018553. PMID 24834023. OX1–CB1 dimerization was suggested to strongly potentiate orexin receptor signaling, but a likely explanation for the signal potentiation is, instead, offered by the ability of OX1 receptor signaling to produce 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, a CB1 receptor ligand, and a subsequent co-signaling of the receptors (Haj-Dahmane and Shen, 2005; Turunen et al., 2012; Jäntti et al., 2013). However, this does not preclude dimerization.
↑  Jäntti MH, Mandrika I, Kukkonen JP (במרץ 2014). "Human orexin/hypocretin receptors form constitutive homo - and heteromeric complexes with each other and with human CB1 cannabinoid receptors". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 445 (2): 486–490. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.026. PMID 24530395. Orexin receptor subtypes readily formed homo - and hetero(di)mers, as suggested by significant BRET signals. CB1 receptors formed homodimers, and they also heterodimerized with both orexin receptors. ... In conclusion, orexin receptors have a significant propensity to make homo - and heterodi-/oligomeric complexes. However, it is unclear whether this affects their signaling. As orexin receptors efficiently signal via endocannabinoid production to CB1 receptors, dimerization could be an effective way of forming signal complexes with optimal cannabinoid concentrations available for cannabinoid receptors. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  Fu LY, Acuna-Goycolea C, van den Pol AN (באוקטובר 2004). "Neuropeptide Y inhibits hypocretin/orexin neurons by multiple presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms: tonic depression of the hypothalamic arousal system". The Journal of Neuroscience. 24 (40): 8741–8751. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2268-04.2004. PMC 6729969. PMID 15470140. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  Yamanaka A, Muraki Y, Ichiki K, Tsujino N, Kilduff TS, Goto K, Sakurai T (ביולי 2006). "Orexin neurons are directly and indirectly regulated by catecholamines in a complex manner". Journal of Neurophysiology. 96 (1): 284–298. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.320.260. doi:10.1152/jn.01361.2005. PMID 16611835. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Ohno K, Sakurai T (בינואר 2008). "Orexin neuronal circuitry: role in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness". Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology. 29 (1): 70–87. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2007.08.001. PMID 17910982. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  Knez R, Niksic M, Omerovic E (3 נוב' 2022). "Orexin/hypocretin system dysfunction in patients with Takotsubo syndrome: A novel pathophysiological explanation". Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 9: 1016369. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.1016369. PMC 9670121. PMID 36407467. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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