הגליה
הערות שוליים

1 2  Maxwell-Stewart, Hamish; Watkins, Emma (n.d.). "Transportation". Digital Panopticon. Digital Panopticon Project. ארכיון מ-2019-01-08. נבדק ב-7 בפברואר 2019. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Transportation - Victorian Crime and Punishment, vcp.e2bn.org
↑  August 1650: An Act for the Advancing and Regulating of the Trade of this Commonwealth (אורכב 08.08.2016 בארכיון Wayback Machine), Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum, 1642-1660. Originally published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1911. "The Parliament of England taking into their care the maintenance and advance of the Traffick Trade, and several Manufactures of this Nation; and being desirous to improve and multiply the same for the best advantage and benefit thereof, to the end that ye poore people of this Land may be set on work, and their Families preserved from Beggary and Ruine, and that the Commonwealth might be enriched thereby, and no occasion left either for Idleness or Poverty:..."
↑  Acts of the Privy Council of England Colonial Series, Vol. I, 1613-1680, p.12. (1908)
↑  Egerton, Hugh Edward,A short history of British colonial policy, p.40 (1897)
↑  Charles II, 1670 & 1671: An Act to prevent the malitious burning of Houses, Stackes of Corne and Hay and killing or maiming of Catle. (ארכיון)
↑  "An act to authorise, for a limited time, the punishment by hard labour of offenders who, for certain crimes, are or shall become liable to be transported to any of his Majesty's colonies and plantations."
↑  Transportation Act 1717, Section 8, p.475
1 2  "An act for the effectual transportation of felons, and other offenders, in that part of Great Britain called Scotland, and to authorize the removal of prisoners in certain places."
↑  Donnachie, Ian (1984), "Scottish Criminals and Transportation to Australia 1786–1852", Journal Scottish Economic and Social History, doi:10.3366/sesh.1984.4.4.21
↑  "Bottomley: Parole in Transition: A Comparative Study of Origins, Developments, and Prospects for the 1990s". scholar.google.com. ארכיון מ-2020-10-27. נבדק ב-2008-05-11.
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 470
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 472
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 473
↑  Acts of the Privy Council (Colonial), vol. I, pp. 310, 314-15
↑  Cunningham. Growth of Eng. Industry and Com. in Mod. Times; 109, Cambridge, 1892. Cited in Karl Frederick Geiser, Redemptioners and indentured servants in the colony and commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Supplement to the Yale Review, Vol. X, No. 2, August, 1901. "There was a popular prejudice against subjecting Christians into slavery or selling them into foreign parts, but Cromwell did not draw any such distinctions. Not only did his agents systematically capture Irish youths and girls for export to the West Indies, but all the garrison who were not killed in the Drogheda Massacre were shipped as slaves to the Barbadoes."
↑  30 July 1649 Act empowering the Lord Mayor, Justices of Gaol delivery for Newgate, to transport threescore prisoners convicted of Felony and other heinous crimes, unto the Summer Islands or other new English Plantations.
↑  Statutes of the Realm: Volume 5, 1628-80 (אורכב 29.07.2018 בארכיון Wayback Machine), p.598
↑  Statutes at Large, Volume 24, Index for acts passed before 1 Geo. 3 p.581
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 471
↑  Beattie, 1986, pp. 471–472
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 475
1 2 3  Beattie, 1986, p. 479
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 480
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 500
1 2  Beattie, 1986, p. 502
1 2  Beattie, 1986, p. 503
↑  Beattie, 2001, p. 428
↑  Beattie, 2001, p. 429
↑  Beattie, 2001, p. 426
↑  Beattie, 2001, p. 430
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 504
↑  Beattie, 2001, p. 432
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 506
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 505
1 2  Beattie, 2001, p. 435
↑  Beattie, 2001, p. 439
↑  Beattie, 2001, p. 447
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 474
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 483
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 482
↑  Beattie, 1986, p. 481
1 2  Beattie, 2001, p. 444
↑  Marilyn C. Baseler, "Asylum for Mankind": America, 1607-1800, p.124-127
↑  Drew D. Gray, Crime, Policing and Punishment in England, 1660-1914 (אורכב 21.01.2020 בארכיון Wayback Machine) p.298 (2016)
↑  Penitentiary Act, 1779 (ארכיון)
↑  "An act for the effectual transportation of felons and other offenders; and to authorize the removal of prisoners in certain cases; and for other purposes therein mentioned." (ארכיון)
↑  "Historic Landmarks". Townsville Daily Bulletin. Qld.: National Library of Australia. 2 באוקטובר 1952. p. 5. ארכיון מ-2020-05-26. נבדק ב-19 במרץ 2017. {{cite news}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "Australian Discovery and Colonisation". The Empire. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 14 באפריל 1865. p. 8. ארכיון מ-2020-05-26. נבדק ב-2020-03-21. {{cite news}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Hugh Edward Egerton, A short history of British colonial policy, p.262–269 (1897)
1 2 3 4  Punishments at the Old Bailey, Old Bailey Proceedings Online, ארכיון מ-2018-12-12, נבדק ב-2020-03-19
↑  "An act for enabling his Majesty to authorize his governor or lieutenant governor of such places beyond the seas, to which felons and others offenders may be transported, to remit the sentences of such offenders." (ארכיון)
1 2 3  Short Titles Act 1896 (ארכיון)
↑  Penal Servitude Act 1857 (ארכיון)
↑  Convicts and the British colonies in Australia (אורכב 01.01.2016 בארכיון Wayback Machine)
↑  Transportation and Penal Servitude (אורכב 07.06.2019 בארכיון Wayback Machine), Mountjoy Prison Museum
↑  "Criminal transportation". The National Archives. ארכיון מ-2020-03-21. נבדק ב-6 בפברואר 2019. Before 1776, all convicts sentenced to transportation were sent to North America and the West Indies. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  R v Powell, Sixth session Proceedings of the Old Bailey 10 July 1805 t18050710-23, page 401 (Old Bailey 10 July 1805).
↑  Butler, James Davie (1896). "British Convicts Shipped to American Colonies" (PDF). The American Historical Review. 2 (1): 12–33. doi:10.2307/1833611. JSTOR 1833611. ארכיון (PDF) מ-2018-07-19. נבדק ב-2020-03-21.
↑  Ekirch, A. Roger (1990), Bound for America: The Transportation of British Convicts to the Colonies, 1718–1775, Oxford University, ISBN 0-19-820211-3
↑  Oxford English Dictionary online, "Hulk" n.2, sense 3b (אורכב 26.05.2020 בארכיון Wayback Machine) Accessed 2017/06/26
↑  Christopher, Emma (2010). A Merciless Place: The Lost Story of Britain's Convict Disaster in Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press (פורסם ב-2011). p. 5. ISBN 9780191623523. ארכיון מ-2020-02-08. נבדק ב-2018-03-24. With the American War of Independence all but lost and hope of restarting the transportation of convicts to the Americas dwindling fast, Britain had begun sneakily banishing its criminals to West Africa.
↑  A Merciless Place: The Lost Story of Britain's Convict Disaster in Africa and How it Led to the Settlement of Australia (Book Review), researchgate.net
↑  Tri S Ranch: The Irish Slave Trade — The Forgotten "White" Slaves. The Slaves That Time Forgot, by John Martin
↑  Bermuda's Dockyard at Ireland Island, a Royal Navy base from 1815 to the 1950s, www.bermuda-online.org (ארכיון)
↑  The First Fleet still matters — and January 26 is a day to acknowledge that, www.abc.net.au, ‏2018-01-25 (באנגלית)
↑  amelial, First Fleet Ships, Sydney Living Museums, ‏2016-09-30 (באנגלית)
↑  First Fleet, dictionaryofsydney.org
1 2  "Convicts and the British colonies in Australia". Government of Australia. אורכב מ-המקור ב-1 בינואר 2016. נבדק ב-8 במאי 2015. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
1 2  McConville, Sean (1981), A History of English Prison Administration: Volume I 1750–1877, London: Boston & Henley, pp. 381–385, ISBN 0-7100-0694-2
1 2  Hamish Maxwell-Stewart, Convict Transportation from Britain and Ireland 1615–1870, researchgate.net
↑  "History of Andaman Cellular Jail". This is about Andaman Cellular Jail. אורכב מ-המקור ב-18 בינואר 2007. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
1 2  "Hundred years of the Andamans Cellular Jail". The Hindu. 21 בדצמבר 2005. אורכב מ-המקור ב-30 בספטמבר 2007. {{cite news}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Scott-Clark, Cathy; Levy, Adrian (22 ביוני 2001). "Survivors of our hell". The Guardian. ארכיון מ-2020-02-05. נבדק ב-7 בפברואר 2019. {{cite news}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Jean-Lucien Sanchez, The French Empire, 1542–1976, hal.archives-ouvertes.fr
↑  ANOM - Penal colonies, www.archivesnationales.culture.gouv.fr
↑  אתר מפורט אודות הפרשה (בצרפתית)
↑  Statiev, Alexander (Spring 2005). "The Nature of Anti-Soviet Armed Resistance, 1942-44: The North Caucasus, the Kalmyk Autonomous Republic, and Crimea". Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. Slavica Publishers. 6 (2): 285–318. doi:10.1353/kri.2005.0029.
↑  Mawdsley, Evan (1998). The Stalin Years: The Soviet Union, 1929-1953. Manchester University Press. ISBN 9780719046001. LCCN 2003046365.
↑  Minako Sakata, The Transformation of Hokkaido from Penal Colony to Homeland Territory, International Review of Social History 63, 2018/08, עמ' 109–130 doi: 10.1017/S002085901800024X
↑  Bloomsbury Collections - A Global History of Convicts and Penal Colonies, www.bloomsburycollections.com (באנגלית)
↑  Sakata, Minako, The Transformation of Hokkaido from a Penal Colony to a Homeland Territory, figshare, 2018-01-01
↑  Franz Schmidt, Diary of an Executione, p.96. ISBN 4560073643
↑  Rouse, Andrew C. (2007). "The Transportation Ballad: A Song Type Rooted in Eighteenth-Centry England". Hungarian Journal of English and American Studies (HJEAS). Centre for Arts, Humanities and Sciences (CAHS), acting on behalf of the University of Debrecen CAHS. 13 (1/2, The Long Eighteenth Century): 93–103. JSTOR 41274385.
↑  Henry the Poacher / Wild and Wicked Youth / Van Diemen's Land (Roud 221), mainlynorfolk.info
↑  Black Velvet Band – Lyrical Analysis – Irish Studies, irishstudies.sunygeneseoenglish.org
↑  Watterson, Johnny (24 בדצמבר 2010). "Celebrating 'a song for the people'". The Irish Times (באנגלית). נבדק ב-2019-07-30. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Rokotnitz, Naomi (2011). Trusting Performance: A Cognitive Approach to Embodiment in Drama. New York, New York: Palgrave MacMillan. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-349-59433-7. ארכיון מ-2020-05-26. נבדק ב-2020-03-20.
↑  Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens, www.gutenberg.org
↑  Great Expectations: Study Guide | SparkNotes, www.sparknotes.com (באנגלית)
↑  My Transportation For Life, www.goodreads.com
↑  Kafka, In the Penal Colony (e-text), johnstoi.web.viu.ca
↑  In the Penal Colony, www.goodreads.com
↑  Church, Michael (16 September 2010). "In the Penal Colony, Music Theatre Wales, Linbury Theatre" (אורכב 03.03.2016 בארכיון Wayback Machine). The Independent. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
↑  Kinzer, Stephen (6 December 2000). "A Pocket-Size Opera From a Harrowing Kafka Story" (אורכב 04.11.2018 בארכיון Wayback Machine). New York Times. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
↑  In the Penal Colony on the official website of Philip Glass
↑  Papillon, www.goodreads.com
↑  Project Gutenberg, Papillon (book) | Project Gutenberg Self-Publishing - eBooks | Read eBooks online, self.gutenberg.org
↑  Papillon, 1973-12-19, נבדק ב-2020-09-01
↑  Meyers, Jeffrey (2005). Somerset Maugham: A Life. Vintage Books. p. 218. ISBN 1-4000-3052-8. ארכיון מ-2020-05-26. נבדק ב-2020-03-20.
↑  Brown, Alan (31 בינואר 2019). "Is The Moon is a Harsh Mistress Heinlein's All-Time Greatest Work?". Tor.com. Macmillan. ארכיון מ-2020-04-12. נבדק ב-15 במרץ 2020. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Heinlein, Robert A. (1966). The Moon is a Harsh Mistress (PDF). ארכיון (PDF) מ-2020-05-11. נבדק ב-2020-03-20. But most Loonies never tried to leave The Rock--too risky for any bloke who'd been in Luna more than weeks. Computermen sent up to install Mike were on short-term bonus contracts--get job done fast before irreversible physiological change marooned them four hundred thousand kilometers from home.
הרוצח בורח אל עיר מקלט, צ'ארלס פוסטר, 1884
אוניית הנידונים נפטון (גר'), ספינה מהמאה ה-19 שהביאה נידונים לאוסטרליה.
ג'וזף לייסט, אמן נידון בגלל זיוף שטרות בנק, The residence of Edward Riley Esquire, Wooloomooloo, Near Sydney N. S. W.‏, 1825, אקווטינטה בצבע יד ותחריט מודפס בדיו כחול כהה. הדפס אוסטרלי במסגרת הייצור הדקורטיבי הבריטי.
מודעה על גשר בדורסט שמזהירה כי מי שייעשה נזק לגשר, צפוי לקבל גזר דין הגליה.