זיכרון וטראומה
הערות שוליים

↑  DSM-5 Task Force (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association. ISBN 978-0-8904-2554-1. OCLC 830807378.
↑  Stricker, Nikki; Lippa, Sara; Green, Deborah; McGlynn, Susan; Grande, Laura; Milberg, William; McGlinchey, Regina (1 בספטמבר 2017). "Elevated rates of memory impairment in military service-members and veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder". Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 39 (8): 768–785. doi:10.1080/13803395.2016.1264575. PMID 27976973 – via PsycINFO. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Corkin S (בפברואר 2002). "What's new with the amnesic patient H.M.?". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 3 (2): 153–60. doi:10.1038/nrn726. PMID 11836523. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Calabrese P, Markowitsch HJ, Harders AG, Scholz M, Gehlen W (בספטמבר 1995). "Fornix damage and memory. A case report". Cortex; A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior. 31 (3): 555–64. doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(13)80066-4. PMID 8536482. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  Liberzon I, Sripada CS (2007). "The functional neuroanatomy of PTSD: a critical review". Stress Hormones and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Basic Studies and Clinical Perspectives. Progress in Brain Research. Vol. 167. Elsevier. pp. 151–169. doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(07)67011-3. ISBN 978-0-444-53140-7. PMID 18037013.
↑  Bremner DJ (באוגוסט 2007). "Neuroimaging in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Other Stress-related Disorders". Neuroimaging Clinics of North America. 17 (4): 523–538. doi:10.1016/j.nic.2007.07.003. PMC 2729089. PMID 17983968. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7  Sweeton J (2019). Trauma treatment toolbox : 165 brain-changing tips, tools & handouts to move therapy forward. Eau Claire, WI. ISBN 978-1-68373-179-5. OCLC 1088900185.
1 2 3 4 5  Lupien SJ, McEwen BS, Gunnar MR, Heim C (ביוני 2009). "Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 10 (6): 434–445. doi:10.1038/nrn2639. PMID 19401723. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2 3 4  Garfinkel SN, Liberzon I (ביוני 2009). "Neurobiology of PTSD: A Review of Neuroimaging Findings". Psychiatric Annals (באנגלית). 39 (6): 00485713–20090527–01. doi:10.3928/00485713-20090527-01. ISSN 0048-5713. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Emdad R, Söndergaard HP (2005). "Impaired memory and general intelligence related to severity and duration of patients' disease in Type A posttraumatic stress disorder". Behavioral Medicine. 31 (2): 73–84. doi:10.3200/BMED.31.2.73-86. PMID 16130309.
↑  Emdad R, Söndergaard HP (2006). "General intelligence and short-term memory impairments in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder patients". Journal of Mental Health. 15 (2): 205–216. doi:10.1080/09638230600608966.
↑  Emdad R, Sondergaard HP, Theorell T (2005). "Impairments in short-term memory, and figure logic, in PTSD patients compared to healthy controls with the same ethnic background". Stress & Health. 21: 33–44. doi:10.1002/smi.1034.
↑  Smith ME (2005). "Bilateral hippocampal volume reduction in adults with post-traumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis of structural MRI studies". Hippocampus. 15 (6): 798–807. doi:10.1002/hipo.20102. PMID 15988763.
↑  Woon FL, Hedges DW (2008). "Hippocampal and amygdala volumes in children and adults with childhood maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis". Hippocampus. 18 (8): 729–736. doi:10.1002/hipo.20437. PMID 18446827.
1 2 3  Gilbertson MW, Shenton ME, Ciszewski A, Kasai K, Lasko NB, Orr SP, Pitman RK (בנובמבר 2002). "Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma". Nature Neuroscience. 5 (11): 1242–1247. doi:10.1038/nn958. PMC 2819093. PMID 12379862. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2  Warner-Schmidt JL, Duman RS (2006). "Hippocampal neurogenesis: opposing effects of stress and antidepressant treatment". Hippocampus. 16 (3): 239–249. doi:10.1002/hipo.20156. PMID 16425236.
1 2 3  Young EA, Haskett RF, Murphy-Weinberg V, Watson SJ, Akil H (באוגוסט 1991). "Loss of glucocorticoid fast feedback in depression". Archives of General Psychiatry. 48 (8): 693–699. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810320017003. PMID 1652926. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Abramovitch A, Short T, Schweiger A (ביוני 2021). "The C Factor: Cognitive dysfunction as a transdiagnostic dimension in psychopathology". Clinical Psychology Review. 86: 102007. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102007. PMID 33864968. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Norrholm SD, Jovanovic T (במאי 2018). "Fear Processing, Psychophysiology, and PTSD". Harvard Review of Psychiatry. 26 (3): 129–141. doi:10.1097/HRP.0000000000000189. PMID 29734227. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑   מחקר: מנגנון במוח גורם לזיכרון טראומטי להרגיש כמו חוויה עכשווית, באתר הארץ, 5 בדצמבר 2023
↑  Karatzias T, Shevlin M, Fyvie C, Hyland P, Efthymiadou E, Wilson D,  et al. (בינואר 2017). "Evidence of distinct profiles of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) based on the new ICD-11 Trauma Questionnaire (ICD-TQ)" (PDF). Journal of Affective Disorders. 207: 181–187. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.032. PMID 27723542. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Powers A, Fani N, Carter S, Cross D, Cloitre M, Bradley B (2017-01-01). "Differential predictors of DSM-5 PTSD and ICD-11 complex PTSD among African American women". European Journal of Psychotraumatology. 8 (1): 1338914. doi:10.1080/20008198.2017.1338914. PMC 5475321. PMID 28649302.
↑  Black MC, Basile KC, Breiding MJ, Ryan GW (במאי 2014). "Prevalence of Sexual Violence Against Women in 23 States and Two U.S. Territories, BRFSS 2005". Violence Against Women. 20 (5): 485–499. doi:10.1177/1077801214528856. PMID 24759775. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  D'Andrea W, Ford J, Stolbach B, Spinazzola J, van der Kolk BA (באפריל 2012). "Understanding interpersonal trauma in children: why we need a developmentally appropriate trauma diagnosis". The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 82 (2): 187–200. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.2012.01154.x. PMID 22506521. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Coker AL, Weston R, Creson DL, Justice B, Blakeney P (בדצמבר 2005). "PTSD symptoms among men and women survivors of intimate partner violence: the role of risk and protective factors". Violence and Victims. 20 (6): 625–643. doi:10.1891/0886-6708.20.6.625. PMID 16468442. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2  Bichard H, Byrne C, Saville CW, Coetzer R (ביולי 2022). "The neuropsychological outcomes of non-fatal strangulation in domestic and sexual violence: A systematic review". Neuropsychological Rehabilitation. 32 (6): 1164–1192. doi:10.1080/09602011.2020.1868537. PMID 33432860. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "Reproductive health". www.who.int (באנגלית). נבדק ב-2022-11-05.
↑  Banks ME (ביולי 2007). "Overlooked but critical: traumatic brain injury as a consequence of interpersonal violence". Trauma, Violence & Abuse. 8 (3): 290–298. doi:10.1177/1524838007303503. PMID 17596346. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Squire LS (1987). Memory and Brain. New York, New York: Oxford University Press.
1 2 3  Grégoire L, Gosselin I, Blanchette I (בינואר 2020). "The impact of trauma exposure on explicit and implicit memory". Anxiety, Stress, and Coping. 33 (1): 1–18. doi:10.1080/10615806.2019.1664477. PMID 31507211. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Fuster JM (1995). Memory in the Cerebral Cortex: An Empirical Approach to Neural Networks in the Human and Nonhuman Primate. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
↑  Uno H, Tarara R, Else JG, Suleman MA, Sapolsky RM (במאי 1989). "Hippocampal damage associated with prolonged and fatal stress in primates". The Journal of Neuroscience. 9 (5): 1705–11. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.09-05-01705.1989. PMC 6569823. PMID 2723746. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  McNally RJ (ביוני 2006). "Cognitive abnormalities in post-traumatic stress disorder". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 10 (6): 271–277. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2006.04.007. PMID 16697695. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Loftus E, Ketcham K (1994). The Myth of Repressed Memory: False Memories and Allegations of Sexual Abuse. New York, New York: St. Martin's Press.
↑  Golding, Jonathan; Sego, Sandra; Sanchez, Rebecca; Hasemann, Dawn (1 בדצמבר 1995). "The Believability of Repressed Memories". Law and Human Behavior. 19 (6): 24. doi:10.1007/BF01499375 – via PsycINFO. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2  Goodman GS, Quas JA, Goldfarb D, Gonzalves L, Gonzalez A (במרץ 2019). "Trauma and Long‐Term Memory for Childhood Events: Impact Matters". Child Development Perspectives (באנגלית). 13 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1111/cdep.12307. ISSN 1750-8592. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Loman MM, Gunnar MR (במאי 2010). "Early experience and the development of stress reactivity and regulation in children". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. Special Section: Developmental determinants of sensitivity and resistance to stress: A tribute to Seymour "Gig" Levine. 34 (6): 867–876. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.05.007. PMC 2848877. PMID 19481109. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Teicher MH, Andersen SL, Polcari A, Anderson CM, Navalta CP, Kim DM (2003). "The neurobiological consequences of early stress and childhood maltreatment". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 27 (1–2): 33–44. doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(03)00007-1. PMID 12732221.
↑  Eisen ML, Goodman GS, Qin J, Davis S, Crayton J (בנובמבר 2007). "Maltreated children's memory: accuracy, suggestibility, and psychopathology". Developmental Psychology. 43 (6): 1275–1294. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1275. PMID 18020811. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Cahill L, Prins B, Weber M, McGaugh JL (באוקטובר 1994). "Beta-adrenergic activation and memory for emotional events". Nature. 371 (6499): 702–4. Bibcode:1994Natur.371..702C. doi:10.1038/371702a0. PMID 7935815. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Canli T, Zhao Z, Brewer J, Gabrieli JD, Cahill L (באוקטובר 2000). "Event-related activation in the human amygdala associates with later memory for individual emotional experience". The Journal of Neuroscience. 20 (19): RC99. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-19-j0004.2000. PMC 6772800. PMID 11000199. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Christianson SÅ, Loftus EF (בספטמבר 1990). "Some characteristics of people's traumatic memories". Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society. 28 (3): 195–198. doi:10.3758/BF03334001. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2 3  Scott JC, Matt GE, Wrocklage KM, Crnich C, Jordan J, Southwick SM,  et al. (בינואר 2015). "A quantitative meta-analysis of neurocognitive functioning in posttraumatic stress disorder". Psychological Bulletin. 141 (1): 105–140. doi:10.1037/a0038039. PMC 4293317. PMID 25365762. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Vasterling JJ, Duke LM, Brailey K, Constans JI, Allain AN, Sutker PB (בינואר 2002). "Attention, learning, and memory performances and intellectual resources in Vietnam veterans: PTSD and no disorder comparisons". Neuropsychology. 16 (1): 5–14. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.16.1.5. PMID 11853357. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Tatsumi IF, Watanabe M (2009). "Verbal Memory".  In Binder MD, Hirokawa N, Windhorst U (eds.). Encyclopedia of Neuroscience (באנגלית). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 4176–4178. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29678-2_6266. ISBN 978-3-540-29678-2.
↑  "APA Dictionary of Psychology". dictionary.apa.org (באנגלית). נבדק ב-2022-11-05.
↑  Samuelson KW, Neylan TC, Metzler TJ, Lenoci M, Rothlind J, Henn-Haase C,  et al. (בנובמבר 2006). "Neuropsychological functioning in posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol abuse". Neuropsychology. 20 (6): 716–726. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.20.6.716. PMC 2443729. PMID 17100516. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Bremner JD, Randall P, Scott TM, Bronen RA, Seibyl JP, Southwick SM,  et al. (ביולי 1995). "MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 152 (7): 973–981. doi:10.1176/ajp.152.7.973. PMC 3233767. PMID 7793467. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Falconer E, Allen A, Felmingham KL, Williams LM, Bryant RA (בספטמבר 2013). "Inhibitory neural activity predicts response to cognitive-behavioral therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (באנגלית). 74 (9): 895–901. doi:10.4088/JCP.12m08020. PMID 24107763. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
1 2  Wild J, Gur RC (בספטמבר 2008). "Verbal memory and treatment response in post-traumatic stress disorder". The British Journal of Psychiatry. 193 (3): 254–255. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.045922. PMID 18757989. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Bressler SL, Menon V (ביוני 2010). "Large-scale brain networks in cognition: emerging methods and principles". Trends in Cognitive Sciences (באנגלית). 14 (6): 277–290. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.04.004. PMID 20493761. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Nijdam MJ, van der Meer CA, van Zuiden M, Dashtgard P, Medema D, Qing Y,  et al. (בפברואר 2018). "Turning wounds into wisdom: Posttraumatic growth over the course of two types of trauma-focused psychotherapy in patients with PTSD". Journal of Affective Disorders. 227: 424–431. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.031. PMID 29154159. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Vermetten E, Vythilingam M, Southwick SM, Charney DS, Bremner JD (באוקטובר 2003). "Long-term treatment with paroxetine increases verbal declarative memory and hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder". Biological Psychiatry (באנגלית). 54 (7): 693–702. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00634-6. PMC 3233762. PMID 14512209. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Dalgleish T, Navrady L, Bird E, Hill E, Dunn BD, Golden AM (באפריל 2013). "Method-of-Loci as a Mnemonic Device to Facilitate Access to Self-Affirming Personal Memories for Individuals With Depression". Clinical Psychological Science (באנגלית). 1 (2): 156–162. doi:10.1177/2167702612468111. ISSN 2167-7026. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Werner-Seidler A, Dalgleish T (בנובמבר 2016). "The Method of Loci Improves Longer-Term Retention of Self-Affirming Memories and Facilitates Access to Mood-Repairing Memories in Recurrent Depression". Clinical Psychological Science (באנגלית). 4 (6): 1065–1072. doi:10.1177/2167702615626693. ISSN 2167-7026. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)