שפת בעלי חיים
הערות שוליים

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↑  Hockett, Charles F. (1960). "Logical considerations in the study of animal communication".  In Lanyon, W.E.; Tavolga, W.N. (eds.). Animals sounds and animal communication. American Institute of Biological Sciences. pp. 392–430.
↑  Martinelli, Dario (2010). "Introduction to Zoosemiotics". A Critical Companion to Zoosemiotics: People, Paths, Ideas. Biosemiotics. Vol. 5. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–64. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9249-6_1. ISBN 978-90-481-9249-6.
↑  Hauser, Marc D.; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, W. Tecumseh (22 בנובמבר 2002). "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF). Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science. pp. 1569–1579. אורכב מ-המקור (PDF) ב-28 בדצמבר 2013. נבדק ב-28 במרץ 2014. We argue that an understanding of the faculty of language requires substantial interdisciplinary cooperation. We suggest how current developments in linguistics can be profitably wedded to work in evolutionary biology, anthropology, psychology, and neuroscience. We submit that a distinction should be made between the faculty of language in the broad sense (FLB) and in the narrow sense (FLN). FLB includes a sensory-motor system, a conceptual-intentional system, and the computational mechanisms for recursion, providing the capacity to generate an infinite range of expressions from a finite set of elements. We hypothesize that FLN only includes recursion and is the only uniquely human component of the faculty of language. We further argue that FLN may have evolved for reasons other than language, hence comparative studies might look for evidence of such computations outside of the domain of communication (for example, number, navigation, and social relations). {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Denham, Kristin; Lobeck, Anne (2010). Linguistics for Everyone: An Introduction (Instructor's ed.). Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. pp. 4–5. ISBN 9781428205833.
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↑  Crockford, Catherine; Wittig, Roman M.; Mundry, Roger; Zuberbühler, Klaus (בינואר 2012). "Wild Chimpanzees Inform Ignorant Group Members of Danger". Current Biology. 22 (2): 142–146. Bibcode:2012CBio...22..142C. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.11.053. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 22209531. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Paul Raffaele, Speaking Bonobo, Smithsonian magazine, 2006
1 2  Pinker, Steven (2000). The Language Instinct: How the Mind Creates Language (באנגלית). HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-095833-6.
↑  Cobra Master (2003-12-12). "Introduction". Cobras.org. נבדק ב-2013-05-19.
↑  "Skunks, Skunk Pictures, Skunk Facts – National Geographic". Animals.nationalgeographic.com. 2013-05-15. אורכב מ-המקור ב-14 בינואר 2010. נבדק ב-2013-05-19. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Almaas, Torj.; Christensen, Thomasa.; Mustaparta, Hanna (1991-09-01). "Chemical communication in heliothine moths". Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 169 (3). doi:10.1007/BF00206989.
↑  Haghighat, Leila (2012). "Baboons Can Learn to Recognize Words". Nature News. doi:10.1038/nature.2012.10432. נבדק ב-15 באפריל 2013. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Fitch, W. T.; de Boer, B.; Mathur, N.; Ghazanfar, A. A. (בדצמבר 2016). "Monkey vocal tracts are speech-ready". Science Advances. 2: e1600723. Bibcode:2016SciA....2E0723F. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600723. PMC 5148209. PMID 27957536. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "Why can't monkeys talk? Their anatomy is 'speech-ready' but their brains aren't wired for it: neuroscientist". National Post. נבדק ב-10 בדצמבר 2016. {{cite news}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Liao, Diana A.; Brecht, Katharina F.; Johnston, Melissa; Nieder, Andreas (2022-11-04). "Recursive sequence generation in crows". Science Advances (באנגלית). 8 (44): eabq3356. Bibcode:2022SciA....8.3356L. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abq3356. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 9629703. PMID 36322648.
1 2  Dong, Shihao; Lin, Tao; Nieh, James C.; Tan, Ken (2023-03-10). "Social signal learning of the waggle dance in honey bees". Science (באנגלית). 379 (6636): 1015–1018. Bibcode:2023Sci...379.1015D. doi:10.1126/science.ade1702. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 36893231.
1 2  "The Idea". Elephant Listening Project. Cornell University. ארכיון מ-2023-01-28. נבדק ב-28 בדצמבר 2013. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "The Secret Language of Elephants". CBS News 60 Minutes. בינואר 2010. נבדק ב-2013-02-24. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Kanwal, J. S.; Matsumura, S.; Ohlemiller, K.; Suga, N. (1994). "Analysis of acoustic elements and syntax in communication sounds emitted by mustached bats". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 94 (3): 1229–1254. Bibcode:1994ASAJ...96.1229K. doi:10.1121/1.410273. PMID 7962992.
↑  "Con Slobodchikoff". nau.edu. נבדק ב-10 בדצמבר 2016. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "Dolphins' Secret Language". Young People's Trust for the Environment. 29 בפברואר 2012. אורכב מ-המקור ב-27 באוגוסט 2012. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "The Secret Language of Dolphins". National Geographic Kids. אורכב מ-המקור ב-2013-03-08. נבדק ב-2013-03-31.
↑  יוגב ישראלי, ההקלטות חשפו: לשירת לווייתנים יש מבנה דומה לשפה אנושית, באתר ynet, 7 בפברואר 2025
1 2  "NOVA scienceNOW: Smart Marine Mammals – Smart Sea Lions". teachersdomain.org. נבדק ב-10 בדצמבר 2016. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  http://www.pinnipedlab.org/ (אורכב 18.01.2012 בארכיון Wayback Machine) The Pinniped Cognition & Sensory Systems Laboratory
1 2 3  Gisiner, Robert; Schusterman, Ronald J. (1992). "Sequence, syntax, and semantics: Responses of a language-trained sea lion (Zalophus californianus) to novel sign combinations" (PDF). Journal of Comparative Psychology. 106 (1): 78–91. doi:10.1037/0735-7036.106.1.78. אורכב מ-המקור (PDF) ב-2018-11-19. נבדק ב-2013-12-28.
↑  "California Sea Lion – Communication". seaworld.org. נבדק ב-2013-05-19.
↑  "Sea Lion Info – Dolphin Research Center". dolphins.org. נבדק ב-10 בדצמבר 2016. {{cite web}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Janik, VM.; Slater, PJ. (יולי 2000). "The different roles of social learning in vocal communication". Anim Behav. 60 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1006/anbe.2000.1410. PMID 10924198. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Schusterman, RJ.; Dawson, RG. (אפר' 1968). "Barking, dominance, and territoriality in male sea lions". Science. 160 (3826): 434–6. Bibcode:1968Sci...160..434S. doi:10.1126/science.160.3826.434. PMID 5689412. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Shapiro, AD.; Slater, PJ.; Janik, VM. (דצמ' 2004). "Call usage learning in gray seals (Halichoerus grypus)". J Comp Psychol. 118 (4): 447–54. doi:10.1037/0735-7036.118.4.447. PMID 15584781. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  "Oceanography". Onr.navy.mil. אורכב מ-המקור ב-2013-12-02. נבדק ב-2013-05-19.
↑  Cloney, RA; Florey, E (1968). "Ultrastructure of cephalopod chromatophore organs". Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie. 89 (2): 250–80. doi:10.1007/BF00347297. PMID 5700268.
↑  "Sepioteuthis sepioidea; Caribbean Reef squid". The Cephalopod Page. נבדק ב-2013-05-19.
↑  Byrne, R.A., U. Griebel, J.B. Wood & J.A. Mather 2003. "Squids say it with skin: a graphic model for skin displays in Caribbean Reef Squid" (PDF). אורכב מ-המקור (PDF) ב-2007-07-04. (3.86 MB) Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen 3: 29–35.
↑  "Pauses during communication release behavioral habituation through recovery from synaptic depression: Current Biology".
↑  "Extreme Enlargement of the Cerebellum in a Clade of Teleost Fishes that Evolved a Novel Active Sensory System: Current Biology".
↑  "Blind Fish Have Regional Accents Just Like Humans". Nerdist.
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↑  Hockett, Charles F, The Origin of Speech, Scientific American 89–96 203 (3), 1960, עמ' 89–96
↑  Terrace, Herbert S. (1979). Nim. New York: Knopf : distributed by Random House. ISBN 978-0-394-40250-5. OCLC 5102119.
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↑  Pepperberg, Irene M. (1999). The Alex studies : cognitive and communicative abilities of grey parrot. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-00051-3. OCLC 807730081.
↑  Pepperberg, IM. (אוק' 2010). "Vocal learning in Grey parrots: A brief review of perception, production, and cross-species comparisons". Brain Lang. 115 (1): 81–91. doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2009.11.002. PMID 20199805. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Pepperberg, IM.; Carey, S. (נוב' 2012). "Grey parrot number acquisition: the inference of cardinal value from ordinal position on the numeral list". Cognition. 125 (2): 219–32. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2012.07.003. PMC 3434310. PMID 22878117. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
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↑  LA Zoo (2023-06-08), World Oceans Day with Rockie the California Sea Lion, נבדק ב-2024-11-29
↑  Schusterman, RJ.; Kastak, D. (במאי 1998). "Functional equivalence in a California sea lion: relevance to animal social and communicative interactions". Anim Behav. 55 (5): 1087–95. doi:10.1006/anbe.1997.0654. PMID 9632496. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Kastak, CR.; Schusterman, RJ.; Kastak, D. (ספט' 2001). "Equivalence classification by California sea lions using class-specific reinforcers". J Exp Anal Behav. 76 (2): 131–58. doi:10.1901/jeab.2001.76-131. PMC 1284831. PMID 11599636. {{cite journal}}:  (עזרה)
↑  Nehaniv, Chrystopher; Dautenhahn, Kerstin (2002). Imitation in animals and artifacts. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN 9780262271219. OCLC 51938434.
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↑  Christiansen, Morten H.; Kirby, Simon (2003). Language evolution. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-924484-3. OCLC 51235137.
↑  Herzing, Denise L.; Delfour, Fabienne; Pack, Adam A. (2012). "Responses of human-habituated wild Atlantic Spotted Dolphins to play behaviours using a two-way human/dolphin interface" (PDF). International Journal of Comparative Psychology. 25 (2): 137–165. doi:10.46867/IJCP.2012.25.02.02.
↑  Savage-Rumbaugh, S.; Rumbaugh, D.; Fields, W. "Empirical kanzi: The ape language controversy revisited. (2009)". Skeptic. 15 (1): 25–33. אורכב מ-המקור ב-2013-05-18.
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