פיסטולה הריונית
הערות שוליים

↑  WHO media centre, 10 facts on obstetric fistula, WHO, ‏Updated January 2018
↑  8 May 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2017., UNFPA - United Nations Population Fund doi: "Obstetric fistula"
↑  A. A. Creanga, R. R. Genadry, Obstetric fistulas: A clinical review, International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 99, 2007, עמ' S40–S46 doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.06.021
1 2  Women's Health." Vaginal Fistula Causes, Symptoms, & Treatments. WebMD, n.d. Web. 22 Oct. 2012, What Is a Vaginal Fistula?, WebMD (באנגלית)
1 2 3 4 5  Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rectovaginal Fistula, Mayo Clinic, ‏14 Nov 2018
↑  Bradley J. Champagne, Michael F. McGee, Rectovaginal Fistula, Surgical Clinics of North America 90, 2010-02, עמ' 69–82 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2009.09.003
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↑  The Fistula Foundation, Fast Facts & FAQ, ‏April 10, 2012
↑  L Lewis Wall, Obstetric vesicovaginal fistula as an international public-health problem, The Lancet 368, 2006-09, עמ' 1201–1209 doi: doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2006.04.005
↑  Steven Arrowsmith, E. Catherine Hamlin, L. Lewis Wall, Obstructed Labor Injury Complex: Obstetric Fistula Formation and the Multifaceted Morbidity of Maternal Birth Trauma in the Developing World, Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 51, 1996-09, עמ' 568–574 doi: 10.1097/00006254-199609000-00024
↑  Andrew Browning, Obstetric Fistula in Ilorin, Nigeria, PLoS Medicine 1, 2004-10-19, עמ' e2 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0010002
1 2  Luwam Semere, Nawal M. Nour, Obstetric fistula: living with incontinence and shame, Reviews in Obstetrics & Gynecology 1, 2008, עמ' 193–197
1 2  S. Ahmed, S.A. Holtz, Social and economic consequences of obstetric fistula: Life changed forever?, International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 99, 2007-11, עמ' S10–S15 doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.06.011
1 2 3  L Lewis Wall, Obstetric vesicovaginal fistula as an international public-health problem, The Lancet 368, 2006-09, עמ' 1201–1209 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69476-2
1 2 3 4  Tracy Capes, Charles Ascher-Walsh, Idrissa Abdoulaye, Michael Brodman, Obstetric Fistula in Low and Middle Income Countries, Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine: A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine 78, 2011-05, עמ' 352–361 doi: 10.1002/msj.20265
↑  Karen M. Roush, Social Implications of Obstetric Fistula: An Integrative Review, Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health 54, 2009-03-04, עמ' e21–e33 doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2008.09.005
1 2 3  F. Donnay, K. Ramsey, Eliminating obstetric fistula: progress in partnerships, International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 94, 2006-09, עמ' 254–261 doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2006.04.005
↑  P. Hilton, A. Ward, Epidemiological and surgical aspects of urogenital fistulae: A review of 25 years' experience in southeast Nigeria, International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 9, 1998-07, עמ' 189–194 doi: 10.1007/BF01901602
↑  Farhang Tahzib, Epidemiological determinants of vesicovaginal fistulas, BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 90, 1983-05, עמ' 387–391 doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1983.tb08933.x
↑  Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 1): Essential Surgery, The World Bank, 2015-03-23. (באנגלית)
↑  Carmen Dolea, Carla AbouZahr, Evidence and Information for Policy, World Health Organization
↑  Andrew Browning, Obstetric Fistula in Ilorin, Nigeria, PLoS Medicine 1, 2004-10 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0010002
↑  P. Hilton, Vesico-vaginal fistulas in developing countries, International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 82, 2003-09, עמ' 285–295 doi: 10.1016/s0020-7292(03)00222-4
↑  The ACQUIRE Project. Traumatic gynecologic fistula as a consequence of sexual violence in conflict settings: a literature review. New York7 The ACQUIRE Project/EngenderHealth; 2005.
↑  Keeton C, Sexual abuse on the rise in Africa—governments must act, Bull World Health Organ
↑  Pierre Marie Tebeu, Joseph Nelson Fomulu, Sinan Khaddaj, Luc de Bernis, Risk factors for obstetric fistula: a clinical review, International Urogynecology Journal 23, 2012-4, עמ' 387–394 doi: 10.1007/s00192-011-1622-x
1 2  Tracy Capes, Charles Ascher-Walsh, Idrissa Abdoulaye, Michael Brodman, Obstetric fistula in low and middle income countries, The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, New York 78, 2011-05, עמ' 352–361 doi: 10.1002/msj.20265
↑  Suellen Miller, Felicia Lester, Monique Webster, Beth Cowan, Obstetric fistula: a preventable tragedy, Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health 50, 2005-07, עמ' 286–294 doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2005.03.009
↑  G. J. Hofmeyr, Obstructed labor: using better technologies to reduce mortality, International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 85 Suppl 1, 2004-06, עמ' S62–72 doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.01.011
1 2  John Middleton; Joseph C. Miller (2008), New Encyclopedia of Africa, Childbearing
↑  Chandiramani, Payal. "Programmatic and Policy Recommendations for Addressing Obstetric Fistula and Uterine Prolapse | Wilson Center." Wilson Center. The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 27 Sept. 2012. Web. 27 Nov. 2012. http://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/programmatic-and-policy-recommendations-for-addressing-obstetric-fistula-and-uterine-prolapse
1 2  http://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/EN-SRH%20fact%20sheet-Fistula.pdf
1 2  UNFPA - United Nations Population Fund, Obstetric fistula, ‏8 May 2019
↑  The International Organization for Women and Development, Fistula women of Africa: The horror of their lives, and hope for their tomorrow, ‏October 2006
↑  Suellen Miller, Felicia Lester, Monique Webster, Beth Cowan, Obstetric Fistula: A Preventable Tragedy, Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health 50, 2005-07-08, עמ' 286–294 doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2005.03.009
↑  M.N. Wegner, J. Ruminjo, E. Sinclair, L. Pesso, Improving community knowledge of obstetric fistula prevention and treatment, International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 99, 2007-11, עמ' S108–S111 doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.06.030
↑  E.C. Hamlin, M. Muleta, R.C. Kennedy, Providing an obstetric fistula service: CREATING AN OBSTETRIC FISTULA SERVICE, BJU International 89, 2002-03, עמ' 50–53 doi: 10.1046/j.1465-5101.2001.129.x
↑  7c3c923314ae019e2fe93b982ac863b9d93daa09, Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey., Wall, L. L.; Arrowsmith, S. D.; Briggs, N. D.; Browning, A.; Lassey, A. doi: https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00006254-200507001-00002
1 2  Grigorescu, Bogdan; Banks, Erika, The Fistula Foundation., fistulafoundation, ‏Retrieved 17 April 2012. (ארכיון)
1 2  Waaldjik K (1998) Evaluation report XIV on VVF projects in northern Nigeria and Niger. Katsina (Nigeria): Babbar Ruga Fistula Hospital. 27 p.
הבהרה: המידע בוויקיפדיה נועד להעשרה בלבד ואינו מהווה ייעוץ רפואי.