استفاده از زور (اجرای قانون)
یادداشت

↑  "Police Use of Force". National Institute of Justice. Office of Justice Programs. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
↑  Nazemi, Sandra. "Sir Robert Peel's Nine Principals Applied to Modern Day Policing". lacp.org. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
↑  Head, Michael (2005). "Head, Michael --- "Calling Out the Troops - Disturbing Trends and Unanswered Questions" [2005] UNSWLawJl 33; (2005) 28(2) UNSW Law Journal 479". University of New South Wales Law Journal.
↑  "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 18, 2006. Retrieved 2005-12-13.{{cite web}}:  نگهداری یادکرد:عنوان آرشیو به جای عنوان (link)
↑  "The Use-of-Force Continuum". National Institute of Justice (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-12-07.
↑  "Graham vs. Connor" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2014. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
↑  https://www.policeone.com/police-products/firearms/articles/1271618-How-police-officers-can-avoid-claims-of-excessive-force/ بایگانی‌شده  در ۲۹ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۹ توسط Wayback Machine citing Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989)
↑  "Tennessee v. Garner". Retrieved August 12, 2015. [Deadly] force may not be used unless necessary to prevent the escape [of a fleeing suspect] and the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer or others.
↑  "How police officers can avoid claims of excessive force". Archived from the original on 29 September 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
↑  Payne v. Pauley, 337 F.3d 767, (7th Cir. 2003)
↑  "Nelson v. City of Davis". Retrieved August 12, 2015.
↑  Plumhoff v. Rickard, 134 S. Ct. 2012, 572 U.S. , 188 L. Ed. 2d 1056 (2014).
↑  Kisela v. Hughes :: 584 U.S. (2018)
↑  U.S. Department of Justice. (2011). Contacts Between Police and the Public, 2008. (NCJ 234599). Washington, DC.
↑  Kimberly Kindy (May 30, 2015). "Fatal police shootings in 2015 approaching 400 nationwide". The Washington Post.
↑  Galvan, Astrid (November 30, 2010). "Study: Educated Cops Less Likely To Use Force". Albuquerque Journal. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
↑  Rydberg, Jason; Terrill, William (2010). "The Effect of Higher Education on Police Behavior". Police Quarterly. 13 (1): 92–120. doi:10.1177/1098611109357325.
↑  Paoline III, Eugene A.; Terrill, William (February 2007). "Police Education, Experience, and the Use of Force". Criminal Justice and Behavior. 34 (2): 182. doi:10.1177/0093854806290239.
↑  Terrill, William (February 2007). "Police Education, Experience, and the Use of Force". Criminal Justice and Behavior. 34 (2): 182. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
↑  Travis, Jeremy; Chaiken, Jan; Kaminski, Robert (October 1999). "Use of Force by Police" (PDF). National Institute of Justice: 9. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
↑  Barak Ariel; William A. Farrar; Alex Sutherland (2014). "The Effect of Police Body-Worn Cameras on Use of Force and Citizens' Complaints Against the Police: A Randomized Controlled Trial" (PDF). Journal of Quantitative Criminology.
↑  Lee, H.; Vaughn, M. S.; Lim, H. (2014). "The effect of neighborhood crime levels on police use of force: An examination at micro and meso levels". Journal of Criminal Justice. 42 (6): 491–499. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2014.09.003.
↑  «CPS: Self-Defence and the Prevention of Crime». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۵ مارس ۲۰۱۶. دریافت‌شده در ۲۸ ژوئیه ۲۰۲۲.