جنگ داخلی در فلسطین تحت قیمومت بریتانیا (۱۹۴۸–۱۹۴۷)
پانویس‌ها و منابع

↑  T.G Fraser, 'The Arab Israeli Conflict', (Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004), pp.40, 41.
1 2  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 85
↑  Yoav Gelber (2004) p. 104
↑  Resolution 181 (II). Future government of Palestine A/RES/181(II)(A+B) 29 November 1947 بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۷ ژوئن ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine
↑  Melvin I. Urofsky (January 1982). A voice that spoke for justice: the life and times of Stephen S. Wise. SUNY Press. p. 282. ISBN 978-0-87395-538-6.
↑  Charles Herbert Levermore; Denys Peter Myers (1921). Yearbook of the League of Nations. The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. p. 63.
↑  Khalidi, Walid (1988-10-01). "Plan Dalet: Master Plan for the Conquest of Palestine". Journal of Palestine Studies. 18 (1): 4–19. doi:10.2307/2537591. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 2537591.
↑  Benny Morris (2008), p. 180 and further
↑  Morris, 2008, pp. 236,237,247,253, 254
↑  Shay Hazkani, Dear Palestine: A Social History of the 1948 War, Stanford University Press, 2021 شابک ‎۹۷۸−۱−۵۰۳−۶۲۷۶۶−۶ chapter 1.By the eve of the declaration of independence on May 1948, 105,000 men had answered the call of which 25,000 had been drafted into active service.
↑  "A/RES/181(II) of 29 November 1947". domino.un.org. 1947. Archived from the original on 24 May 2012. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
↑  "Extracts from Time Magazine of that time". Archived from the original on 4 June 2012.
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 17
↑  This expression is taken from Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 111
↑  Benny Morris (2003), p. 65
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 111
1 2  Morris 2008, p. 76
1 2  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 30
1 2  Benny Morris (2003), p. 101
↑  "This Day in Jewish History / Civil War Breaks Out in Palestine". Haaretz (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2021-10-24.
↑  B. Morris, 2004, The Birth of the Palestinian refugee problem revisited, p. 66
↑  The Palestine Post of 31 December 1947: Archives of the newspaper بایگانی‌شده  در ۲۰ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۲ توسط Wayback Machine
↑  Benny Morris (2008), p. 101
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), chap. 7, pp. 131–153
1 2 3  Benny Morris (2003), p. 163
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 24
↑  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 36
↑  The Times, 1 March 1948
↑  Newspapers of the time: The Palestine Post, 1 April 1948 and The Times, on the same day, attribute the incident to Lehi.
1 2 3 4 5  Henry Laurens (2005), p. 83
1 2  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 163
1 2 3  Benny Morris (2003), p. 67
↑  Henry Laurens, La Question de Palestine, vol.3 Fayard 2007 p.33.
1 2  Yoav Gelber (2006), pp. 51–56
↑  Benny Morris 2008, p.85"
↑  "Ruhmloses Zwischenspiel: Fawzi al-Qawuqji in Deutschland, 1941–1947", by Gerhard Höpp in Peter Heine, ed. , Al-Rafidayn: Jahrbuch zu Geschichte und Kultur des modernen Iraq (Würzburg: Ergon Verlag, 1995), (), p. 16
↑  Benny Morris 2008, p.403"
↑  Yoav Gelber (2004), p. 67
↑  Special UN report بایگانی‌شده  در ۳ اکتبر ۲۰۱۰ توسط Wayback Machine by the United Nations Special Commission (16 February 1948), § II.5
↑  Ilan Pappe (2006), p. 72.
↑  Benny Morris (2008), p. 112
↑  United Nations Special Commission (16 February 1948), § II.9.c
↑  Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins (1971), p. 185
↑  This policy would change; at the end of the mandate, the High Commissioner, Alan Cunningham, opposed the deployment of Arab Legion troops into the territory and threatened the Arab states with RAF intervention if they grouped their forces around the border or crossed it. (Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 115)
↑  L. Carl Brown, Diplomacy in the Middle East: The International Relations of Regional and Outside powers, I.B.Tauris, 2004, pp. 26–27.
↑  United Nations Special Commission (16 February 1948), § II.7
↑  Shishakli would seize the power in Syria between 29 October 1951 and 25 February 1954 (Henry Laurens (2005), pp. 115–116)
↑  Caden, C.; Arielli, N. (2021). "British Army and Palestine Police Deserters and the Arab–Israeli War of 1948". War in History (به انگلیسی). 28 (1): 200–222. doi:10.1177/0968344518796688. ISSN 0968-3445.
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 51
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 55
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 56
1 2  United Nations Special Commission (16 February 1948), § II.7.3
↑  United Nations Special Commission (16 February 1948), § II.6
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 113
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 113, quoting Milstein, Milhemet, vol. 2, p. 47
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 125
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p.77
↑  Henry Laurens (2005), p. 84
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p.71
↑  Benny Morris (2003), p. 13
↑  See the entry at 1 April 1948 بایگانی‌شده  در ۳ ژوئن ۲۰۰۹ توسط Wayback Machine
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), pp. 71–73
↑  See here
↑  For a discussion of the motivation of Czech aid, see L'aide militaire tchèque à Israël, 1948 بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۸ آوریل ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 14
↑  See for example the résumé of an article by Arnold Krammer L'aide militaire tchèque à Israël, 1948. بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۸ آوریل ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 13
↑  "UN Security Council Resolution 46 (April 1948)". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011.
↑  This term is important. Pappé underlined that they were not ready 'to have their own troops intervene' in the conflict, but that they would rather follow other solutions, such as delegating the task to a voluntary force, like the Arab Liberation Army, that they financed.
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 146
1 2 3  Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 147
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 5
↑  "UN Security Council 270th meeting report". Archived from the original on 6 May 2012.
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 137
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 305
↑  Benny Morris (2008), p.90.
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 38
↑  http://www.עמותת-חיל-החימוש.co.il/?section=217#_ftn19 بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۱ آوریل ۲۰۰۵ توسط Wayback Machine produced sten sub machine guns, 2" and 3" mortars and ammunition
↑  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 25
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), Chap. 12
↑  Benny Morris (2003), p. 240
↑  Benny Morris, Benjamin Z. Kedar, ‘Cast thy bread’: Israeli biological warfare during the 1948 War Middle Eastern Studies 19 September 2022, pages =1-25 pp.2-3.
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), et pp. 108–109
↑  Walid Khalidi, Before Their Diaspora, Institute for Palestine Studies, Washington, DC, 1991, p. 316 rapporté par Issa Fahel by Gary D. Keenan بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۹ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine
↑  Pierre Razoux (2006), p.79 et p. 523
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), pp. 109–113
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), pp. 375–376
↑  Pierre Razoux (2006), pp. 96, 575
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), p.79
↑  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 31
↑  Joseph, pp. 23, 38. Gives the date of the call-up as 5 December.
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 80
↑  Levin, pp. 32, 117. Pay £P2 per month. c.f. would buy 2 lbs. of meat in Jerusalem, April 1948. p. 91.
↑  Benny Morris (2003), pp. 16–17
1 2  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 34
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 8
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 28
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 214
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), pp. 122–123
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 7
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), pp. 36–37
↑  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 27
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 37
1 2  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 26
↑  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 26
↑  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 38
1 2 3  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 27
1 2  Pierre Razoux (2006), p. 66
1 2 3  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 40
↑  Benny Morris (2003), p. 254
↑  Benny Morris, in the Birth revisited, 2003, p. 34.
↑  Yoav Gelber, Palestine 1948, 2006, p. 51
↑  Ilan Pappe, The ethnic cleansing of Palestine, 2006, p. 44
↑  David Tal, War in Palestine 1948, 2004, p. 362
↑  Benny Morris, in the Birth revisited, 2003, p. 16.
↑  Yoav Gelber, Palestine 1948, 2006, p.73.
↑  Ilan Pappe, The ethnic cleansing of Palestine, 2006, p. 44 gives the number of 50,000 with 30,000 fighting forces.
↑  "Plan D - Master Defense Plan of the Hagana". www.mideastweb.org. Archived from the original on 27 November 2010.
↑  Walid Khalidi (5 June 1996). "Islam, the West, and Jerusalem". American Committee on Jerusalem. Archived from the original on 16 July 2006. Retrieved 23 July 2011.
↑  Pappé, Ilan (2006). "The 1948 Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine". Journal of Palestine Studies. 36 (1): 6–20. doi:10.1525/jps.2006.36.1.6. ISSN 0377-919X. JSTOR 10.1525/jps.2006.36.1.6. {{cite journal}}: |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (help)
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 369
↑  Yoav Gelber 2006, p. 83
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 372
↑  Benny Morris (Benny Morris (2003), p. 236) speaks of 3 resupply convoys but Lapierre and Collins (Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 456) speak of a fourth convoy of 300 lorries that left Kfar Biou on the dawn of 20 April.
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 457
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 455
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 456
1 2  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 89
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 403
1 2  Benny Morris (2003), p. 240
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 426
↑  Benny Morris (2003), pp. 242–243
↑  Benny Morris (2003), The destruction of the Arab villages, pp. 342–360.
↑  Benny Morris (2003), p. 242
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 427
↑  Benny Morris (2003), pp. 243–244
1 2  Benny Morris (2003), p. 244
1 2  Yoav Gelber, Palestine 1948, Appendix II[پیوند مرده]
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 317
1 2 3  Benny Morris (2003), p. 239
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 528
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), pp. 429–442
↑  Robert Barr Smith, Fighting Jack Churchill Survived: A Wartime Odyssey Beyond Compare World War Two History, Profiles Column, July 2005
↑  This word is from Yoav Gelber (Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 93)
↑  Shafa 'Amr, Khirbet Kasayir et Hawsha
1 2  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 93
↑  Benny Morris (2003), p. 245
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), pp. 225–226
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), pp. 134–135
↑  Benny Morris (2003), p. 248
↑  Benny Morris (2003), pp. 248–250
↑  Benny Morris (2003), pp. 249–252
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), p. 167
↑  War Diary 1948–1949, ed. Elhanan Orren and Gershon Rivlin, Israël Defence Ministry Press, Tel Aviv, 1982, p. 409
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), pp. 525–530
↑  Benny Morris (1881), p. 221
↑  Both theses are developed in Avi Shlaim, Collusion Across the Jordan: King Abdullah, the Zionist movement and the Partition of Palestine, Columbia University Press, 1988 and in Yoav Gelber, Israeli-Jordanian dialogue, 1948–1953: cooperation, conspiracy or collusion, Sussex Academic Press, 2004.
↑  Pierre Razoux (2006), p. 523
↑  Ilan Pappé (2000), pp. 168–169
↑  Efraïm Karsh (2002), p. 51
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 95
1 2 3  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 96
↑  "Official site of the kibbutz". Archived from the original on 20 July 2011.
↑  Benny Morris, The road to Jerusalem, p. 139
↑  Moshe Dayan, 'The Story of My Life'. شابک ‎۰−۶۸۸−۰۳۰۷۶−۹. Page 130. Out of a total of 670 prisoners released.
↑  Benni Morris (2008), p. 131
1 2 3 4  Benny Morris (2002), pp. 155–156.
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 576
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), pp. 580–582
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), pp. 575–576
↑  According to this Israeli site with confirmation from this map from the Passia organization بایگانی‌شده  در ۶ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۰ توسط Wayback Machine
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 140
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), pp. 134–135 Although the last (the Lebanese) ultimately would not engage in combat
↑  Benny Morris (2003), pp. 252–254
↑  See, for example, in The New York Times archives: : Despair is voiced by Arab refugees
↑  Karsh, Efraim, The Arab-Israeli Conflict: The Palestine War 1948. Osprey Publishing, 2002, pp. 87–92
↑  Ilan Pappe, The Ethnic cleansing of Palestine, pp. xii–xiii.
↑  Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited, Oxford University Press, 2004, Conclusions.
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 120
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), pp. 124–125
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 127
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 126
↑  Yoav Gelber (2006), p. 128
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), pp. 453–454
↑  Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), p. 133
↑  Arab League Declaration, 15 May 1948 from jewishvirtuallibrary.com. Retrieved 26 September 2007. بایگانی‌شده  در ۲۲ ژوئن ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine
↑  Benny Morris, 1948, p. 179.
↑  Yoav Gelber (2004) p. 118
↑  Morris 2008 p. 400
↑  Musa Budeiri. "The Battle for Jerusalem in the Memoirs of Anwar Nusseibeh". Jerusalem Quarterly File, 11–12, 2001.
↑  Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel: 14 May 1948. بایگانی‌شده  در ۲۱ مارس ۲۰۱۲ توسط Wayback Machine