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↑  (1) Cropped image extracted from Highsmith, Carol M. (photographer). ""Benjamin Banneker: Surveyor-Inventor-Astronomer", mural by Maxime Seelbinder, at the Recorder of Deeds building, built in 1943. 515 D St. , NW, Washington, D.C." (photograph). Washington, D.C.: کتابخانه کنگره. Archived from the original on November 1, 2017. Retrieved 2017-11-05.
(2) "Recorder of Deeds Building: Seelbinder Mural – Washington DC". The Living New Deal. Archived from the original on January 11, 2020. Retrieved January 11, 2020..
(3) Norfleet, Nicole (2010-03-11). "D.C. Recorder of Deeds moving but fate of murals unclear". واشینگتن پست. Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on October 3, 2016. Retrieved 2016-10-03.
(4) Sefton, D. P. , DC Preservation League, Washington, D.C. (2010-07-01). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Recorder of Deeds Building" (PDF). Washington, D.C: District of Columbia Office of Planning. pp. 18–19. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 5, 2016. Retrieved 2016-10-03.
↑  (1) Whiteman, Maxwell. "BENJAMIN BANNEKER: Surveyor and Astronomer: 1731-1806: A biographical note".  In Whiteman, Maxwell (ed.). Banneker's Almanack and Ephemeris for the Year of Our Lord 1793; being The First After Bisixtile or Leap Year and Banneker's almanac, for the year 1795: Being the Third After Leap Year: Afro-American History Series: Rhistoric Publication No. 202 (1969 Reprint ed.). Rhistoric Publications, a division of Microsurance Inc. LCCN 72077039. OCLC 907004619. Retrieved 2017-06-14 – via HathiTrust Digital Library. A number of fictional accounts of Banneker are available. All of them were dependent upon the following: Proceedings of the Maryland Historical Society for 1837 and 1854 which respectively contain the accounts of Banneker by John B. H. Latrobe and Martha E. Tyson. They were subsequently reprinted as pamphlets.
(2) Bedini, 1969, p. 7.
(3) Bedini, 1972, p. 126.
(4) Bedini, 1972, p. 186.
(5) Bedini, 1972, p. 403, Item 85
(6) Boyd, Julian P., ed. (1974). "Locating the Federal District: Editorial Note: Footnote number 119". The Papers of Thomas Jefferson: 24 January–31 March 1791. Vol. 19. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 41–43. ISBN 978-0-691-18525-5. LCCN 50007486. OCLC 1045069058. Retrieved March 27, 2019 – via Google Books.
(7) Martel, Erich (1994-02-20). "The Egyptian Illusion". Opinions. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 18, 2018. Retrieved 2018-09-17.
(8) Shipler, David K. (1998). "The Myths of America". A Country of Strangers: Blacks and Whites in America. New York: Vintage Books. pp. 196–197. ISBN 0-679-73454-6. LCCN 97002810. OCLC 39849003 – via Google Books.
(9) Bedini, 1999, p. 43.
(10) Bedini, 1999, pp. 132-136.
(11) Toscano, 2000. بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۲ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۹ توسط Wayback Machine
(12) Berne, Bernard H. (2000-05-20). "District History Lesson". OP/ED: Letters to the Editor. Washington, D.C.: The Washington Post. p. A.22. Archived from the original on November 6, 2012. Retrieved 2011-03-23.
(13) Murdock, Gail T. (2002-11-11). "Benjamin Banneker – the man and the myths". Review of Bedini, Silvio A. (1999). "The Life of Benjamin Banneker: The First African-American Man of Science", 2nd ed. , Baltimore: Maryland Historical Society. Archived from the original on March 10, 2016. Retrieved 2017-03-18 – via Amazon.com.
(14) Cerami, 2002, p. 142.
(15) Levine, Michael (2003-11-10). "L'Enfant designed more than D.C. : He designed a 200-year-old controversy". History: Planning Our Capital City: Get to know the District of Columbia. DCpages.com. Archived from the original on December 6, 2003. Retrieved 2016-12-31.
(16) Fasanelli, Florence D, "Benjamin Banneker's Life and Mathematics: Web of Truth? Legends as Facts; Man vs. Legend", a talk given on January 8, 2004, at the MAA/AMS meeting in Phoenix, AZ. Cited in Mahoney, John F (July 2010). "Benjamin Banneker's Inscribed Equilateral Triangle - References". Loci. Mathematical Association of America. 2. Archived from the original on February 21, 2014. Retrieved 2017-12-26.
(17) Hawkins, Don Alexander (November 12, 2005). "Benjamin Banneker, Man and Myth". Opinions. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2021.
(18) Weatherly, Myra (2006). "An Important Task". Benjamin Banneker: American Scientific Pioneer. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Compass Point Books. pp. 76–77. ISBN 0-7565-1579-3. LCCN 2005028708. OCLC 61864300. Retrieved 2019-08-27 – via Google Books..
(19) Johnson, Richard (2007). "Banneker, Benjamin (1731-1806)". Online Encyclopedia of Significant People and Places in African American History. BlackPast.org. Archived from the original on March 9, 2014. Retrieved 2015-05-14. (Banneker's) life and work have become enshrouded in legend and anecdote.
(20) Bigbytes. "Benjamin Banneker Stories". dcsymbols dot com. Archived from the original on 2010-01-20. Retrieved 2017-01-01.
(21) Arnebeck, Bob. "Ellicott's letter to the commissioners on engraving the plan of the city, in which no reference is made to Banneker". The General and the Plan. Bob Arnebeck's Web Pages. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved 2012-05-06.
(22) Maryland Historical Society Library Department (February 6, 2014). "The Dreams of Benjamin Banneker". H. Furlong Baldwin Library: Underbelly. Maryland Historical Society. Retrieved September 17, 2020. {{cite web}}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= (help)
(23) "A look into Benjamin Banneker's 1793 Almanac". Book of the Month: Banneker's Almanac. Haverford, Pennsylvania: Haverford College. April 18, 2016. Retrieved April 9, 2020. {{cite web}}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= (help)
(24) Arnebeck, Bob (2017-01-02). "Washington Examined: Seat of Empire: the General and the Plan 1790 to 1801". Blogger. Archived from the original on October 22, 2017. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
(25) Blakely, Julia (February 15, 2017). "America's First Known African American Scientist and Mathematician". Unbound (blog). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Libraries, Smithsonian Institution. Archived from the original on August 15, 2017. Retrieved 2017-08-15.
(26) Bellis, Mary (updated June 20, 2017). "Biography of Benjamin Banneker, Author and Naturalist". ThoughtCo. New York: Dotdash. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
(27) Burns, Janet (May 23, 2018). "Benjamin Banneker". International Times. Retrieved April 28, 2021.
(28) Biography.com Editors (April 12, 2019). "Benjamin Banneker Biography". The Biography.com website. A&E Television Networks. Archived from the original on June 23, 2019. Retrieved April 8, 2020. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
(29) Keene, Louis. "Benjamin Banneker: The Black Tobacco Farmer Who The Presidents Couldn't Ignore". The White House Historical Association. Archived from the original on August 31, 2019. Retrieved February 25, 2020.
(30) Fayyad, Abdallah (June 5, 2020). "D.C. 's Street Plan Is A Monument To Democracy". dcist. Washington, D.C.: WAMU 88.5: American University Radio. Archived from the original on April 29, 2021.
(31) Brownell, Richard (updated December 17, 2020). "Benjamin Banneker's Capital Contributions". Boundary Stones: WETA's History Blog. Arlington County, Virginia: WETA. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved April 28, 2021.
(32) Fowler, Jermaine (2021). "Podcast #7: Benjamin Banneker (transcript)". The Humanity Archive. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved April 28, 2021.
1 2  Bedini, 2008
1 2 3  Heinegg, Paul (December 11, 2016). "Banneker Family". Free African Americans of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Maryland and Delaware: Free African Americans of Maryland and Delaware: Adams-Butler. Archived from the original on June 24, 2017. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
↑  (1) Banneker, 1792b, p. 6. "Sir, I freely and cheerfully acknowledge, that I am of the African race, and in that color which is natural to them of the deepest dye"
(2) McHenry, pp. 185-186. "BENJAMIN BANNEKER, a free Negro, has calculated an Almanack for the ensuing Year, 1792, ..... . "This Man is about fifty-nine years in age; he was born in Baltimore county; his father was an African, and his mother, the offspring of African parents."
(3) Latrobe, p. 6. "His father was a native African, and his mother the child of natives of Africa; so that to no admixture of the blood of the white man was he indebted for his peculiar and extraordinary abilities."
1 2 3 4  Perot, full text, pp. 5, 19–21, 33–36, 67.
↑  (1) Russell, George Ely (December 2006). "Molly Welsh: Alleged Grandmother of Benjamin Banneker". National Genealogical Society Quarterly. National Genealogical Society. 94 (4): 305–314. ISSN 0027-934X. LCCN 17012813. OCLC 50612104. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
↑  (1) Tyson, p. 4.
(2) Johnson
↑  Tyson, p. 3.
↑  Tyson, pp. 4-7.
1 2  Cerami, 2002, pp. 7, 15.
↑  Cerami, 2002, pp. 5, 15.
↑  (1) "Banaka Map — Satellite Images of Banaka". maplandia.com: Google Maps world gazetteer. 2016. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020. This place is situated in Klay, Bomi Terr. , Liberia, its geographical coordinates are 6° 49' 44" North, 10° 46' 21" West and its original name (with diacritics) is Banaka.
(2) "Banaka / Bomi County". getamap.net. 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020. Banaka (Banaka) is a populated place .... in Bomi County (Bomi), Liberia (Africa) .... . It is located at an elevation of 117 meters above sea level.
(3) "Where is Banaka in Liberia Located?". GoMapper. 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020. Banaka is a place with a very small population in the country of Liberia .... . Cities, towns and places near Banaka include Bonja, Kuodi, Wuefa and Fassa. The closest major cities include Monrovia, Freetown, Conakry and Daloa.
(4) Coordinates of Banaka: ۶°۴۹′۴۳″شمالی ۱۰°۴۶′۱۹″غربی﻿ / ﻿۶٫۸۲۸۶۹۸°شمالی ۱۰٫۷۷۱۹۰۷۱°غربی﻿ / 6.828698; -10.7719071﻿ (Banaka)
↑  Heinegg, Paul (2021). "Banneker Family". Free African Americans of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Maryland and Delaware: Free African Americans of Maryland and Delaware: Adams-Butler. Archived from the original on September 14, 2021. Retrieved September 14, 2021.
↑  Bedini, 1972, pp. 26–27.
↑  Hurry, Robert J. (2007). "Banneker, Benjamin".  In Hockey, Thomas (ed.). Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. New York: Springer. pp. 91–92. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. OCLC 65764986. Retrieved July 29, 2020 – via Google Books.
↑  (1)  Glawe
(2) Facsimile of handwritten deed conveying property from Richard Gist to Robert Bannaky and Benjamin Bannaky.  In Clark, James W. , Maryland Commission on Afro-American and Indian History and Culture, Annapolis, Maryland (1976-06-14). "Benjamin Banneker Homesite" (PDF). Maryland State Historical Trust: Inventory Form for State Historic Sites Survey. Annapolis, Maryland: Maryland State Archives. p. 16. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 18, 2015. Retrieved 2015-11-15.
↑  (1) McHenry, pp. 185-186.
(2) "Double position". Webster's 1913 Dictionary. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
(3) Adams, Daniel (1807). "Section III. § 10. Position: Double Position". The Scholar's Arithmetic; or, Federal Accountant (4th ed.). Keene, New Hampshire: Printed by and for John Prentiss, (proprietor of the copy-right) and sold at his book-store, wholesale and retail. --Sold also by the principal booksellers in New-England, and at the Rensselaer book-store, Troy, N.Y. pp. 201–202. LCCN 38021948. OCLC 1153971636. Retrieved June 22, 2020 – via HathiTrust Digital Library.
↑  (1) Graham, 1949, p. 45.
(2) Bedini, 1972, p. 300.
1 2  (1) Cerami, 2002, pp. 24–28.
(2) Corrigan, 2003, p. 2
↑  "Quakers & Slavery". Triptych: Tri-College Digital Library. Bryn Mawr College. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014. Retrieved 2014-09-07.
↑  Graham, 1949, p. 52. "The school was now housed in a building all its own and was supported by the Society of Friends. Though Ben was no longer a regular attendant he still considered himself a pupil. Very often when his days work was done he rode over to Master Heinrich's house for talk or to exchange a book"
1 2  Latrobe, p. 7.
↑  (1) Tyson, pp. 5, 9–10,  18.
(2) Hartshorne, Henry, ed. (1884-06-21). "Book Notice: Banneker, the Afric-American Astronomer. From the posthumous papers of M.E. Tyson. Edited by Her Daughter. Phila. 1020 Arch Street. 1884". Friends Review: A Religious, Literary and Miscellaneous Journal. 1316 Filbert Street, Philadelphia: Franklin E. Paige. 37 (46): 729. Archived from the original on January 16, 2017. Retrieved 2017-01-16.{{cite journal}}:  نگهداری CS1: موقعیت (link)
(3) Bedini, 1964, p. 22.
(4) Bedini, 1999, p. 44. "Completed in 1753, Bannekers' clock continued to operate until his death, more than 50 years later."
(5) Bedini, 2008 "At about the age of twenty-one he (Banneker) constructed a striking wall clock, without ever having seen one. .... The clock continued to function successfully for more than fifty years, until his death."
(6) Bailey, Chris H. (1975). Two Hundred Years of American Clocks & Watches. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. p. 73. ISBN 0-13-935130-2. LCCN 75013714. OCLC 756413530. Retrieved 2019-03-29.
↑  Tyson, pp. 4–5.
↑  (1) Heinegg, Paul (2016-12-11). "Banneker Family". Free African Americans of Maryland and Delaware. Archived from the original on June 24, 2017. Retrieved 2017-06-24.
(2) "Petitions for and against removal of the county seat of Baltimore County from Joppa to Baltimore Town, 1768: A. Petitions for removal of the County Seat" (PDF). Maryland State Archives (Archives of Maryland On-line). 61: 520–554. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 9, 2018. Retrieved 2018-02-09. Benjamin Banneker (page 551)
↑  Bedini, 1999, pp. 47, 368–369.
1 2  "Historic Ellicott City's History". ellicottcity.net. Ellicott City, Maryland: Ellicott City Graphic Arts. Archived from the original on August 10, 2015. Retrieved February 21, 2016.
↑  (1) Tyson, Martha Ellicott (1865). "A Brief Account of the Settlement of Ellicott's Mills". A Brief Account of the Settlement of Ellicott's Mills, with Fragments of History therewith Connected: Written at the request of Evan T. Ellicott, Baltimore, 1865: Read before the Maryland Historical Society, Nov. 3, 1870. Maryland Historical Society: Fund-Publication, No. 4. Baltimore: Printed by J. Murphy: Printer to the Maryland Historical Society. pp. 3–4. LCCN rc01003387. OCLC 777869103. Retrieved December 2, 2020 – via Internet Archive. The earliest observable change in the agricultural system of Maryland, was occasioned by a purchase made in 1772, by the brothers Joseph, Andrew and John Ellicott, of lands and mill-sites on the Patapsco river, 10 miles west of Baltimore, and by the building of their mills for grinding wheat and other grains. The purchase embraced the lands, on both sides of the Patapsco, for four miles in extent, and included all the water power within that distance, .....
(2) Mayer, Brantz (1871). "Baltimore: From the End of the War with Great Britain and the Opening of the South American Trade to the Present Time". Baltimore: Past and Present. With Biographical Sketches of its Representative Men. Baltimore: Richardson & Bennett. p. 93. LCCN rc01003450. OCLC 1041066526. Retrieved December 2, 2020 – via Internet Archive. In the city, and within the compass of twenty miles around it, there were upwards of sixty grain mills, of various descriptions, in which it was said that fully a million and a quarter of dollars were invested. This, of course, was an element of great prospective wealth, especially as the water power for manufactures, within the radius of those twenty miles, at Patapsco Falls, ....
(3) Arnold, Melissa (January 2, 2001). "Ellicotts, Banneker found common ground in science". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
↑  Bedini, 1999, pp. 185–190.
↑  Williams, p. 387.
↑  Tyson, p. 6.
1 2 3  "Glawe". Archived from the original on August 18, 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-18.
1 2  Benjamin Banneker Time Line
↑  (1) Bedini, 1969, p. 8.
(2) Bedini, 1999, pp. 81-87; p. 371, references 3, 4, 5; p. 382, reference 12.
(3) Arnold, Melissa (January 2, 2001). "Ellicotts, Banneker found common ground in science". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
(4) McHenry, p. 186. "It is about three years since mr. George Ellicott lent him Mayer's tables, Ferguson's astronomy, Leadbeater's lunar tables and some astronomical instruments, but without accompanying them with either hint or instruction, that might further his studies, or lead him to apply them to any useful result. These books and instruments, the first of the kind that he had ever seen, opened a new world to Benjamin, and from thence forward he employed his leisure in astronomical researches."
(5) Mayer, Tobias (1770).  Maskelyne, Nevil (ed.). New and correct tables of the motions of the sun and moon (به لاتین و انگلیسی). London: William and John Richardson: Sold by John Nourse, John Mount and Thomas Page. OCLC 981762891. Retrieved June 22, 2020 – via Google Books.
(6) Ferguson, James (1756). Astronomy Explained Upon Sir Isaac Newton's Principles,: And Made Easy to Those who Have Not Studied Mathematics. London: Printed for, and sold by the author, at the Globe, opposite Cecil-street in the Strand. LCCN ltf91075548. OCLC 55560074. Retrieved June 22, 2020 – via Google Books.
(7) Leadbetter, Charles (1742). A Compleat System of Astronomy (2nd ed.). London: J. Wilcox. LCCN 45046785. OCLC 822001557. Retrieved June 22, 2020.
↑  Williams, p. 389.
↑  McHenry, p. 186. "He (Banneker) now took up the idea for calculations for an almanac, and actually completed and entire set for the last year, upon his original stock of arithmetic. Encouraged by this first attempt, he entered upon his calculation for 1792, which as well as the former, he began and finished without the least information, or assistance, from any person or other books, than those that I have mentioned; so that, whatever merit is attached to his present performance, is exclusively and peculiarly his own."
↑  Tise, 1998, pp. 213-215.