مسئله شر
ارجاعات

↑  "Quelle puissance ?". andregounelle.fr.
↑  Stereoweb (1 July 2018). "Puissant - Tout-Puissant - Oratoire du Louvre". Oratoire du Louvre.
↑  Millard J. Erickson, Christian Theology, Second Edition, Baker Academic, 2007, pp. 445–46.
↑  Robert Peel, 1987, Spiritual Healing in a Scientific Age, San Francisco, Harper and Row, 1987
↑  Ben Dupre, "The Problem of Evil," 50 Philosophy Ideas You Really Need to Know, London, Quercus, 2007, p. 166: "Denying that there is ultimately any such thing as evil, as advocated by Christian Scientists, solves the problem at a stroke, but such a remedy is too hard for most to swallow."
↑  "Why All Suffering Is Soon to End", The Watchtower, 15 May 2007, p. 21, "For some, the obstacle [to believing in God] involves what is often called the problem of evil. They feel that if God exists and is almighty and loving, the evil and suffering in the world cannot be explained. No God who tolerates evil could exist, they reason... Satan has surely proved adept at blinding human minds. ...God is not responsible for the wickedness so prevalent in the world." [emphasis added]
↑  Penton, M.J. (1997). Apocalypse Delayed. University of Toronto Press. pp. 189–90. ISBN 978-0-8020-7973-2.
↑  Book of Mormon, 2 Nephi الگو:Lds
↑  "Gospel Principles Chapter 4: Freedom to Choose". Retrieved 27 December 2015.
↑  "Chapter 10: The Purpose of Earth Life". Doctrines of the Gospel, Student Manual. Institutes of Religion, Church Educational System. 2000.
↑  Bickmore, Barry R. (2001), Does God Have A Body in Human Form? (PDF), FairMormon
↑  Webb, Stephen H. (2011). "Godbodied: The Matter of the Latter-day Saints". BYU Studies. 50 (3). Archived from the original on 15 November 2014. Retrieved 15 November 2014.Also found in: Webb, Stephen H. (2011). "Godbodied: The Matter of the Latter-day Saints". Jesus Christ, Eternal God: Heavenly Flesh and the Metaphysics of Matter. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199827954.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-982795-4. OCLC 696603512.
↑  Doctrine and Covenants الگو:Lds
↑  Roberts, B. H. (1911). "Lesson 12". The Seventy's Course in Theology — Fourth Year: The Atonement. Salt Lake City: Deseret News. p. 70.
↑  Pearl of Great Price, Abraham الگو:Lds
↑  Maxwell, Neil A. (March 1998), "The Richness of the Restoration", Ensign
↑  "Gospel Principles Chapter 47: Exaltation". Https:. Retrieved 27 December 2015.{{cite web}}:  نگهداری CS1: نقطه‌گذاری اضافه (link)
↑  Hales, Robert D. (April 2006), "To Act for Ourselves: The Gift and Blessings of Agency", Ensign
↑  Mr Ibrahim M Abu-Rabi (2013). Theodicy and Justice in Modern Islamic Thought: The Case of Said Nursi. Ashgate. pp. 11–13. ISBN 978-1-4094-8095-2.
↑  Ayman Shihadeh (2006).  Josef W. Meri and Jere L. Bacharach (ed.). Medieval Islamic Civilization: L–Z, index. Routledge. p. 772. ISBN 978-0-415-96692-4.
↑  Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka; Nazif Muhtaroglu (2009). Classic Issues in Islamic Philosophy and Theology Today. Springer. pp. 117, 128–32. ISBN 978-90-481-3573-8.
↑  Mr Ibrahim M Abu-Rabi (2013). Theodicy and Justice in Modern Islamic Thought: The Case of Said Nursi. Ashgate. pp. 11–13. ISBN 978-1-4094-8095-2.
↑  Ayman Shihadeh (2006).  Josef W. Meri and Jere L. Bacharach (ed.). Medieval Islamic Civilization: L–Z, index. Routledge. p. 772. ISBN 978-0-415-96692-4.
↑  Ayman Shihadeh (2006).  Josef W. Meri and Jere L. Bacharach (ed.). Medieval Islamic Civilization: L–Z, index. Routledge. p. 772. ISBN 978-0-415-96692-4.
↑  Mr Ibrahim M Abu-Rabi (2013). Theodicy and Justice in Modern Islamic Thought: The Case of Said Nursi. Ashgate. pp. 11–13. ISBN 978-1-4094-8095-2.
↑  Shams C. Inati (2000). The Problem of Evil: Ibn Sînâ's Theodicy. Global Academic. pp. 67–71, 171–72. ISBN 978-1-58684-006-8.
↑  Shams C. Inati (2000). The Problem of Evil: Ibn Sînâ's Theodicy. Global Academic. pp. 67–71, 171–72. ISBN 978-1-58684-006-8.
↑  نیکویی, حجت‌الله (1396). نگاهی نقادانه به مبانی نظری نبوت. قم: موسسه فرهنگی و اطلاع‌رسانی تبیان. صص ۳۱۳–۳۱۷.
↑  جعفر سبحانی و محمد محمدرضایی، اندیشه اسلامی ۱، صفحهٔ ۱۲۱
↑  مرتضی مطهری، توحید، صفحهٔ ۲۵۱
1 2  مرتضی مطهری، توحید، صفحهٔ ۲۵۳
↑  مرتضی مطهری، توحید، صفحهٔ ۲۵۲
↑  الوین پلانتینگا، فلسفه دین، خدا، اختیار و شر
↑  Henning Graf Reventlow; Yair Hoffman (2004). The Problem of Evil and its Symbols in Jewish and Christian Tradition. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-8264-0085-7.
↑  Henning Graf Reventlow; Yair Hoffman (2004). The Problem of Evil and its Symbols in Jewish and Christian Tradition. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-8264-0085-7.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. p. 315. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 314–15. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 314–15. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 314–15. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 314–15. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 314–15. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Joseph Francis Kelly (2002). The Problem of Evil in the Western Tradition: From the Book of Job to Modern Genetics. Liturgical Press. pp. 219–20. ISBN 978-0-8146-5104-9.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 315–16. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Daniel Rynhold (2005).  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange and Miri Freud-Kandel (ed.). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 315–17. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 315–16. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Daniel Rynhold (2005).  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange and Miri Freud-Kandel (ed.). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 315–17. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange; Miri Freud-Kandel (2005). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 314–18. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Daniel Rynhold (2005).  Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange and Miri Freud-Kandel (ed.). Modern Judaism: An Oxford Guide. Oxford University Press. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-19-926287-8.
↑  Roland Enmarch (2008), Theodicy, UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Editors: Dieleman and Wendrich
↑  Roland Enmarch (2008), Theodicy, UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Editors: Dieleman and Wendrich
↑  Homer (1990). The Iliad. NewYork: Penguin Books.
↑  Kirby, John. "Gods and Goddesses". Gale Virtual Reference Library. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
↑  Homer (1990). The Iliad. NewYork: Penguin Books.
↑  Bolle, Kees. "Fate". Gale Virtual Reference Library. Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
↑  Bolle, Kees. "Fate". Gale Virtual Reference Library. Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
↑  Bolle, Kees. "Fate". Gale Virtual Reference Library. Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
↑  P. Koslowski (2001). The Origin and the Overcoming of Evil and Suffering in the World Religions. Springer. pp. 10–15. ISBN 978-1-4020-0187-1.
↑  Masao Abe (2007).  Paul O. Ingram and Frederick J. Streng (ed.). Buddhist-Christian Dialogue: Mutual Renewal and Transformation. Wipf and Stock. pp. 145–47. ISBN 978-1-55635-381-9.
↑  E. B. Cowell (ed.) (1895, 2000), The Jataka or Stories of the Buddha's Former Births (6 vols.), p. 110. Retrieved 22 December 2008 from "Google Books" at
↑  P. Koslowski (2001). The Origin and the Overcoming of Evil and Suffering in the World Religions. Springer. pp. 10–15. ISBN 978-1-4020-0187-1.
↑  Paul Williams; Anthony Tribe; Alexander Wynne (2012). "Chapter 2". Buddhist Thought: A Complete Introduction to the Indian Tradition. Routledge. pp. 30–52. ISBN 978-1-136-52087-7.
↑  Paul Williams (2008). Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations. Routledge. pp. 103–09. ISBN 978-1-134-25056-1.
↑  S. K. Hookham (1991). The Buddha Within: Tathagatagarbha Doctrine According to the Shentong Interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga. State University of New York Press. pp. 100–04. ISBN 978-0-7914-0357-0.
↑  Peter Harvey (2013). An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices. Cambridge University Press. pp. 37, 141. ISBN 978-0-521-85942-4.
↑  Paul Williams (2008). Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations. Routledge. pp. 104–05, 108. ISBN 978-1-134-25056-1.
↑  Merv Fowler (1999). Buddhism: Beliefs and Practices. Sussex Academic Press. pp. 101–02. ISBN 978-1-898723-66-0. Some texts of the tathagatagarbha literature, such as the Mahaparinirvana Sutra actually refer to an atman, though other texts are careful to avoid the term. This would be in direct opposition to the general teachings of Buddhism on anatta. Indeed, the distinctions between the general Indian concept of atman and the popular Buddhist concept of Buddha-nature are often blurred to the point that writers consider them to be synonymous.[پیوند مرده]
↑  Peter Harvey (2013). An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices. Cambridge University Press. pp. 37, 141. ISBN 978-0-521-85942-4.
↑  John Bowker (1975). Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World. Cambridge University Press. pp. 194, 206–20. ISBN 978-0-521-09903-5.
↑  Othmar Gächter (1998). "Evil and Suffering in Hinduism". Anthropos. Bd. 93, H. 4. /6. (4/6): 393–403. JSTOR 40464839.
↑  Kaufman, Whitley R. P. (2005). "Karma, Rebirth, and the Problem of Evil". Philosophy East and West. 55 (1): 15–32. doi:10.1353/pew.2004.0044.
↑  Francis Clooney (2005), in The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism (Ed: Gavin Flood), Wiley-Blackwell, شابک ‎۰۶۳۱۲۱۵۳۵۲, pp. 454–55;

John Bowker (1975). Problems of Suffering in Religions of the World. Cambridge University Press. pp. 194, 206–20. ISBN 978-0-521-09903-5.;Chad V. Meister (2010). The Oxford Handbook of Religious Diversity. Oxford University Press. pp. 163–64. ISBN 978-0-19-534013-6.
↑  Francis X. Clooney (1989), Evil, Divine Omnipotence, and Human Freedom: Vedānta's Theology of Karma, The Journal of Religion, Vol. 69, No. 4, pp. 530–48
↑  James Lochtefeld, Brahman, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. 1: A–M, Rosen Publishing, شابک ‎۹۷۸−۰۸۲۳۹۳۱۷۹۸, p. 124
↑  S Radhakrishnan (1960), Brahmasutras: the philosophy of spiritual life, George Allen, pp. 363–65
↑  Arvind Sharma (2008). The Philosophy of Religion and Advaita Vedanta: A Comparative Study in Religion and Reason. Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 30–32. ISBN 978-0-271-03946-6.
↑  S Radhakrishnan (1960), Brahmasutras: the philosophy of spiritual life, George Allen, pp. 363–65
↑  Arvind Sharma (2008). The Philosophy of Religion and Advaita Vedanta: A Comparative Study in Religion and Reason. Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 23–24. ISBN 978-0-271-03946-6.
↑  Arvind Sharma (2008). The Philosophy of Religion and Advaita Vedanta: A Comparative Study in Religion and Reason. Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 30–32. ISBN 978-0-271-03946-6.
↑  S Radhakrishnan (1960), Brahmasutras: the philosophy of spiritual life, George Allen, pp. 363–65
↑  Arvind Sharma (2008). The Philosophy of Religion and Advaita Vedanta: A Comparative Study in Religion and Reason. Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-0-271-03946-6.
↑  Arvind Sharma (2008). The Philosophy of Religion and Advaita Vedanta: A Comparative Study in Religion and Reason. Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 26–32. ISBN 978-0-271-03946-6.
↑  Arvind Sharma (2008). The Philosophy of Religion and Advaita Vedanta: A Comparative Study in Religion and Reason. Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 30–32. ISBN 978-0-271-03946-6.
↑  S Radhakrishnan (1960), Brahmasutras: the philosophy of spiritual life, George Allen, pp. 363–65
↑  Swami Gambhirananda (1965). Brahma Sutra Bhasya Of Shankaracharya. Vedanta Press & Bookshop. ISBN 978-8175051058.
↑  Sabapathy Kulandran and Hendrik Kraemer (2004), Grace in Christianity and Hinduism, James Clarke, شابک ‎۹۷۸−۰۲۲۷۱۷۲۳۶۰, pp. 177–79
↑  Jones & Ryan 2006, p. 266.
↑  Sarma 2000, pp. 19–21.
↑  Sharma 1962, p. 361.
↑  David Buchta (2014).  Matthew R. Dasti and Edwin F. Bryant (ed.). Free Will, Agency, and Selfhood in Indian Philosophy. Oxford University Press. pp. 270–76. ISBN 978-0-19-992275-8.
↑  Sharma 1962, pp. 270, 370–71.
↑  Sharma 1962, pp. 270, 370–71, Quote: The problem of evil and suffering in the world is the most difficult one in Theism. We have explained Madhva's attitude to the allied problem of freedom and freewill, on the basis of the doctrine of natural selection of good or bad and of the tripartite classification of souls. It is not therefore necessary for Madhva to answer the question of the consistency of evil with Divine goodness..
↑  David Buchta (2014).  Matthew R. Dasti and Edwin F. Bryant (ed.). Free Will, Agency, and Selfhood in Indian Philosophy. Oxford University Press. pp. 270–76. ISBN 978-0-19-992275-8.
↑  David Buchta (2014).  Matthew R. Dasti and Edwin F. Bryant (ed.). Free Will, Agency, and Selfhood in Indian Philosophy. Oxford University Press. pp. 270–76. ISBN 978-0-19-992275-8.
↑  Justin P. McBrayer; Daniel Howard-Snyder (2014). The Blackwell Companion to The Problem of Evil. Wiley. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-118-60797-8.
↑  Hospers, John. An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis. 3rd Ed. Routledge, 1990, p. 310.
↑  David Hume. Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. Project Gutenberg (e-text).
↑  Justin P. McBrayer; Daniel Howard-Snyder (2014). The Blackwell Companion to The Problem of Evil. Wiley. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-118-60797-8.
↑  Hume, David. "Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion". Project Gutenberg. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
↑  Malthus T.R. 1798. An essay on the principle of population. Oxford World's Classics reprint. p158
↑  Thomas Malthus (1798), An essay on the principle of population بایگانی‌شده  در ۲۱ آوریل ۲۰۱۶ توسط Wayback Machine, Oxford Classics, p. 123
↑  Making the Task of Theodicy Impossible? بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۶ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۲ توسط Wayback Machine, William Dembski (2003), Baylor University, p. 11
↑  Making the Task of Theodicy Impossible? بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۶ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۲ توسط Wayback Machine, William Dembski (2003), Baylor University, p. 11
↑  See Kant's essay, "Concerning the Possibility of a Theodicy and the Failure of All Previous Philosophical Attempts in the Field" (1791). Stephen Palmquist explains why Kant refuses to solve the problem of evil in "Faith in the Face of Evil", Appendix VI of Kant's Critical Religion (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2000).
↑  Making the Task of Theodicy Impossible? بایگانی‌شده  در ۱۶ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۲ توسط Wayback Machine, William Dembski (2003), Baylor University, p. 12
↑  Cahn, Stephen M. (1977). "Cacodaemony". Analysis, Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 69–73.
↑  Law, Stephen (2010). "The Evil-God Challenge". Religious Studies 46 (3): 353–73
↑  Cacodaemony and Devilish Isomorphism, King-Farlow, J. (1978), Analysis, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 59–61.
↑  Dittman, Volker and Tremblay, François "The Immorality of Theodicies". StrongAtheism.net. 2004.
↑  Stretton, Dean (1999). "The Moral Argument from Evil". The Secular Web. Retrieved 10 April 2014.
↑  Rachels, James (1997). "God and Moral Autonomy". Retrieved 10 April 2014.
↑  Bradley, Raymond (1999). "A Moral Argument for Atheism". The Secular Web. Retrieved 10 April 2014.
↑  مرتضی مطهری، توحید، صفحهٔ ۲۵۴
↑  خسروی سرشکی، «تبیین دیدگاه کِنِث سورین در نقد گفتمانی تئودیسه‌ها»، ۱۳۹۶ش، ص۱۲و۱۳.