فهرست شبه‌فلزها
فهرست گاه‌شماری

| ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > عنصر.عنصر.منابع (194 = ۱۰۰٪).منابع (194 = ۱۰۰٪).منبع | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > عنصر.عنصر.منابع (194 = ۱۰۰٪).منابع (194 = ۱۰۰٪).سال | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > آرسنیک.As.۱۹۱.۵.۹۹٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > تلوریم.Te.۱۹۰.۵.۹۸٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > ژرمانیم.Ge.۱۸۴.۵.۹۵٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > سیلیسیم.Si.۱۸۳.۵.۹۵٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > آنتیموان.Sb.۱۶۹.۵.۸۷٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > بور.B.۱۶۶.۸۶٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > پولونیوم.Po.۹۳.۵.۴۸٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > استاتین.At.۷۸.۴۰٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > سلنیوم.Se.۴۶.۲۴٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > آلومینیوم.Al.۱۸.۹٫۳٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > کربن.C.۱۶.۵.۸٫۵٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > بیسموت.Bi.۱۱.۵.۵٫۹٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > فسفر.P.۱۰.۵٫۲٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > بریلیوم.Be.۷.۵.۳٫۹٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > قلع.Sn.۵٫۵.۲٫۸٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > گوگرد.S.۳.۱٫۵٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > لیورموریوم.Lv.۳.۱٫۵٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > ید.I.۲٫۵.۱٫۳٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > دیگر..۶.۳٫۱٪. | ن ب ومنابع عنصر‌های شبه‌فلز > همه.avg.۷٫۱۵.. |
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| Simmons | ۱۹۴۷ | As | Te |  |  | Sb |  |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 4 |
| Pauling | ۱۹۴۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Szabó & Lakatos | ۱۹۵۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  | Be |  |  |  |  |   | 10 |
| Dull, Metcalfe & Williams | ۱۹۵۸ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Frey | ۱۹۵۸ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Johnstone & Miller | ۱۹۶۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  | Se |  | C |  | P |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Edwards et al. | ۱۹۶۱ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | I |   | 8 |
| Bond | ۱۹۶۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Swift & Schaefer | ۱۹۶۲ | As |  | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  | Bi |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Hoffman | ۱۹۶۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Be |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Nathans | ۱۹۶۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Bailar, Moeller & Kleinberg | ۱۹۶۵ | As | Te | Ge |  |  |  |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 4 |
| Selwood | ۱۹۶۵ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  | Bi |  |  | Sn |  |  |  | Ga | 12 |
| Bassett et al. | ۱۹۶۶ |  | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  | Al |  |  |  | Be |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Hultgren | ۱۹۶۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  |  |  | Se |  | C |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Metcalfe, Williams & Castka | ۱۹۶۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  | (Al) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7.5 |
| Rochow | ۱۹۶۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | (Po) | (At) | (Se) |  | (C) | (Bi) | (P) |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Mahan | ۱۹۶۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Paul, King & Farinholt | ۱۹۶۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Siebring | ۱۹۶۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Cotton & Lynch | ۱۹۶۸ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  | At | Se |  | C |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Dunstan | ۱۹۶۸ | As | Te | (Ge) |  | Sb |  | Po |  |  | Al |  | Bi |  | Be | Sn |  |  |  | Pb | 7.5 |
| Tyrell & Warren | ۱۹۶۸ | As | Te | (Ge) | Si | (Sb) | B | (Po) | At | (Se) | (Al) | (C) |  | (P) |  |  |  |  | (I) |   | 9.5 |
| Williams, Embree & DeBey | ۱۹۶۸ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Chedd | ۱۹۶۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Hägg | ۱۹۶۹ | As | Te | Ge |  | Sb |  |  | At |  |  |  |  |  |  | Sn |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Holum | ۱۹۶۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Hunter | ۱۹۶۹ | As | Te |  | Si | Sb |  |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Moody | ۱۹۶۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  | Be |  |  |  |  |   | 10 |
| Dickerson, Gray & Haight | ۱۹۷۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Hardwick & Knobler | ۱۹۷۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Williams, Embree & DeBay | ۱۹۷۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  | Al |  |  |  | Be |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Dickson | ۱۹۷۱ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Emsley | ۱۹۷۱ | As | Te | Ge |  | Sb |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 4 |
| Nitz & Dhonau | ۱۹۷۱ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Pimentel & Spratley | ۱۹۷۱ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | (Po) | (At) | Se |  | C |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Barrow | ۱۹۷۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Choppin & Johnsen | ۱۹۷۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Horvath | ۱۹۷۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Pascoe | ۱۹۷۳ |  | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  | At | Se |  | C |  | P |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Seager & Stoker | ۱۹۷۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  | Be |  |  |  |  |   | 10 |
| Allen & Keefer | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  | At | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Andrews | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te |  | Si |  | B |  | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Day & Johnson | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Dickson | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Duffy | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te | Ge |  | Sb |  |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Fuller | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  | Se |  | C |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Nordmann | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B | Po | At | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| O'Connor | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Rock & Gerhold | ۱۹۷۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Pauling & Pauling | ۱۹۷۵ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Hearst & Ifft | ۱۹۷۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Tyler Miller | ۱۹۷۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | H | 10 |
| Waser, Trueblood & Knobler | ۱۹۷۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Bloomfield | ۱۹۷۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Ucko | ۱۹۷۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Hill & Holman | ۱۹۷۸ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  | (C) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5.5 |
| Coxon, Fergusson & Phillips | ۱۹۸۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | (Sb) | B |  | At |  |  |  |  |  | (Be) |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Warrena & Geballe | ۱۹۸۱ | As | Te |  | Si |  | B |  | At | Se |  | C |  | P |  |  | S |  |  |   | 9 |
| Walters | ۱۹۸۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Edwards & Sienko | ۱۹۸۳ | As | Te | Ge |  | Sb |  | Po | (At) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5.5 |
| Holtzclaw, Robinson & Nebergall | ۱۹۸۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Boikess & Edelson | ۱۹۸۵ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Peters | ۱۹۸۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Hibbert & James | ۱۹۸۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  | Po |  |  |  |  | Bi |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Jones et al. | ۱۹۸۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| McQuarrie & Rock | ۱۹۸۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Wulfsberg | ۱۹۸۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Thayer | ۱۹۸۸ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  | P |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Whitten, Gailey & Davis | ۱۹۸۸ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Bailar et al. | ۱۹۸۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Gill | ۱۹۸۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Malone | ۱۹۸۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Petrucci | ۱۹۸۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Puddephatt & Monaghan | ۱۹۸۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Scott | ۱۹۸۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Segal | ۱۹۸۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Oxtoby, Nachtrieb & Freeman | ۱۹۹۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Atkins & Beran | ۱۹۹۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Ebbing & Wrighton | ۱۹۹۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Zumdahl | ۱۹۹۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Birk | ۱۹۹۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Smith | ۱۹۹۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| AAE | ۱۹۹۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Brady & Holum | ۱۹۹۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Harrison & de Mora | ۱۹۹۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Hook & Post | ۱۹۹۶ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Atkins & Jones | ۱۹۹۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Dayah | ۱۹۹۷ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Mingos | ۱۹۹۸ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Joesten & Wood | ۱۹۹۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Kremer | ۱۹۹۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Thompson | ۱۹۹۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Umland & Bellama | ۱۹۹۹ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  | At | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Callister | ۲۰۰۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  | Se |  | C |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Enloe | ۲۰۰۰ | As | Te |  | Si |  | B |  | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Mann, Meek & Allen | ۲۰۰۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  | Bi |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Phillips, Stozak & Wistrom | ۲۰۰۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Ryan | ۲۰۰۰ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Hawkes | ۲۰۰۱ | As | Te | Ge |  | Sb |  |  |  | Se |  |  | Bi |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Lewis & Evans | ۲۰۰۱ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Masterton & Hurley | ۲۰۰۱ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Barrett | ۲۰۰۲ | (As) | (Te) | (Ge) | (Si) | (Sb) | (B) |  |  | (Se) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 3.5 |
| Chang | ۲۰۰۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Lv |  | Ts | 10 |
| Harding, Johnson & Janes | ۲۰۰۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Johnson | ۲۰۰۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  |  | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Rodgers | ۲۰۰۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Szefer | ۲۰۰۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Woodgate | ۲۰۰۲ | As | Te | Ge |  | Sb |  |  |  |  | Al |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| Wright & Welbourn | ۲۰۰۲ | As | Te | Ge | Si |  | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 5 |
| e-encyclopedia | ۲۰۰۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Gupta | ۲۰۰۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Hunt | ۲۰۰۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Myers | ۲۰۰۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  | At | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Williams | ۲۰۰۳ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Atkins | ۲۰۰۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Cox | ۲۰۰۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb |  |  |  | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Gilbert, Kirss & Davies | ۲۰۰۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  | At | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |
| Reilly | ۲۰۰۴ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At | Se |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 9 |
| Ebbing & Gammon | ۲۰۰۵ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 7 |
| Fry & Page | ۲۰۰۵ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 6 |
| Halliday, Resnick & Walker | ۲۰۰۵ | As | Te | Ge | Si | Sb | B | Po | At |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |   | 8 |