فدرالیسم
یادداشت‌ها و مراجع

↑  Grabill, Stephen J. (2013). "Althusius in context: A biographical and historical introduction".  In Althusius, Johannes (ed.). On law and power. Sources in early modern economics, ethics, and law. Translated by Veenstra, Jeffrey J. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Christian's Library Press. p. xx. ISBN 978-1-938948-59-6.
↑  Forsyth 1981, p. 18.
↑  Wheare 1946, pp. 31–22.
↑  See the diagram in § Overview, below.
↑
Diamond, Martin (1961). "The Federalist's view of federalism".  In Benson, George Charles Sumner (ed.). Essays in federalism. Claremont, California: Institute for Studies in Federalism. pp. 21–64, at p. 22. OCLC 615755.
Downs, William M. (2011). "Comparative federalism, confederalism, unitary systems".  In Ishiyama, John; Breuning, Marijke (eds.). 21st century political science: A reference handbook. Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. pp. 168–176, at pp. 168–170. doi:10.4135/9781412979351.n20. ISBN 978-1-4129-6901-7.
Hueglin, Thomas O.; Fenna, Alan (2006). "Federal principles, federal organization". Comparative federalism: A systematic inquiry (1st ed.). Peterborough, Ontario, Canada: Broadview Press. pp. 31–84, at p. 31. ISBN 978-1-55111-410-1.
↑  See Law, John (2013). "How can we define federalism?" (PDF). 5 (3). Turin, Italy: Centro Studi sul Federalismo: 88–120, at p. 104. ISSN 2036-5438. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-07-15. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)


This author identifies two distinct federal forms, where before only one was known, based upon whether sovereignty (conceived in its core meaning of ultimate authority) resides in the whole (in one people) or in the parts (in many peoples). This is determined by the absence or presence of a unilateral right of secession for the parts. The structures are termed, respectively, the federal state (or federation) and the federal union of states (or federal union).
↑  Usherwood, Simon McDougall; Pinder, John (2018-01-25). The European Union: A very short introduction. Very short introductions (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/actrade/9780198808855.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-880885-5.
↑  Madison, James, Hamilton, Alexander and Jay, John (1987) The Federalist Papers, Penguin, Harmondsworth, p. 259.
↑  Law 2012, p. 544.
↑  Bulmer, Elliot (2017) [2015]. Federalism (PDF). International IDEA Constitution-Building Primer. Vol. 12 (2nd ed.). Stockholm: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. p. 12. ISBN 978-91-7671-117-0. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-03-28.
↑  Forsyth 1981, pp. 18, 25, 30, 43, 53, 60.
↑  Broschek 2016, p. 23–50.
1 2  Gerven 2005, p. 35, 392.
↑  Broschek 2016, pp. 27–28, 39.
↑  Broschek 2016, pp. 27–28, 39–41, 44.
↑  Ziblatt, Daniel (2008). Structuring the State: The Formation of Italy and Germany and the Puzzle of Federalism. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13649-3. Archived from the original on 2017-03-07. Retrieved 2017-03-11.
↑  Reiss, H.S. (2013). Kant: Political Writings. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-26836-4.
↑  Deudney, Daniel H. (2007). Bounding Power: Republican Security Theory from the Polis to the Global Village (به انگلیسی). Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-3727-4. Archived from the original on 2023-07-31. Retrieved 2022-04-15.
↑  Deudney, Daniel (2004). "Publius Before Kant: Federal-Republican Security and Democratic Peace". European Journal of International Relations (به انگلیسی). 10 (3): 315–356. doi:10.1177/1354066104045540. ISSN 1354-0661. Archived from the original on 2022-04-15. Retrieved 2022-04-15.
↑  "CBC on Federalism and Separatism". Archived from the original on 2022-03-24. Retrieved 2022-03-24.
↑  Pistone, Sergio (2016-06-08). 70 years on campaigns for a united and federal Europe (PDF). Brussels: Union of European Federalists. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-28.
↑  "The Churchill Society London. Churchill's Speeches". www.churchill-society-london.org.uk. Archived from the original on 2012-04-22. Retrieved 2011-09-06.
↑  Law, John (2012). "Sense on Federalism". Political Quarterly. 83 (3): 541–550, at pp. 543–544. doi:10.1111/j.1467-923X.2012.02336.x. ISSN 0032-3179.
↑  Wheare 1946, p. 11.
↑  Wheare 1946, pp. 10–15.
↑  Madison, James, Hamilton, Alexander and Jay, John (1987) The Federalist Papers, Penguin, Harmondsworth, p. 258.
↑  Koonz, Claudia (2003). The Nazi Conscience. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-674-01172-4.
↑  Lijphart, Arend (1977). Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
↑  Hale, Henry E. (2004). "Divided We Stand: Institutional Sources of Ethnofederal State Survival and Collapse". World Politics (به انگلیسی). 56 (2): 165–193. doi:10.1353/wp.2004.0011. ISSN 1086-3338.
↑  Brancati, Dawn (2009). Peace by design: Managing intrastate conflict through decentralization. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549009.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-954900-9. OCLC 245559225. Chapter summaries
1 2 3  Meyer-Resende, Michael (18 March 2016). "Why talk of federalism won't help peace in Syria". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 2017-03-15. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
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