جنگ‌های هان - شیونگ‌نو
کتاب‌شناسی

Barfield, Thomas J. (1981). "The Hsiung-nu Imperial Confederacy: Organization and Foreign Policy". The Journal of Asian Studies. 41 (1): 45–61. doi:10.2307/2055601. JSTOR 2055601. S2CID 145078285.
Barfield, Thomas J. (2001). "The Shadow Empires: Imperial State Formation Along the Chinese-Nomad Frontier". Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-77020-0.
Baumer, Christoph (2003). Southern Silk Road: In the Footsteps of Sir Aurel Stein and Sven Hedin (2nd ed.). Orchid Press. ISBN 978-974-8304-38-0.
Beckwith, Christopher I. (2009). Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-15034-5.
Bielenstein, Hans (1986). "Wang Mang, the Restoration of the Han Dynasty, and Later Han". The Cambridge History of China, Volume 1: The Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B.C. – A.D. 220. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24327-0.
Boulnois, Luce (2004). Silk Road: Monks, Warriors & Merchants on the Silk Road (Translated ed.). Hong Kong: Odyssey. ISBN 978-962-217-720-8.
Bowman, John S. (2000). Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11004-4.
Chang, Chun-shu (1966). "Military Aspects of Han Wu-ti's Northern and Northwestern Campaigns". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 26: 148–173. doi:10.2307/2718463. JSTOR 2718463.
Chang, Chun-shu (2007a). The Rise of the Chinese Empire, Volume 1: Nation, State, and Imperialism in Early China, ca. 1600 B.C. – A.D. 8. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11533-4.
Chang, Chun-shu (2007b). The Rise of the Chinese Empire, Volume 2: Frontier, Immigration, & Empire in Han China, 130 B.C. – A.D. 157. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11534-1.
Cheng, Dalin (2005). "The Great Wall of China". Borders and Border Politics in a Globalizing World. Lanham: SR Books. ISBN 0-8420-5103-1.
Christian, David (1998). A History of Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 978-0-631-20814-3.
Cosmo, Nicola Di (1999). "The Northern Frontier in Pre-Imperial China". The Cambridge History of Ancient China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-47030-7.
Cosmo, Nicola Di (2002). Ancient China and its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-77064-5.
Crespigny, Rafe de (2007). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23 - 220 AD). Leiden: Brill Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-15605-0.
Crespigny, Rafe de (2009). "The Western Han Army". The Military Culture of Later Han. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-03109-8.
Deng, Yinke (2007). History of China (Translated ed.). Beijing: China Intercontinental Press. ISBN 978-7-5085-1098-9.
Gernet, Jacques (1996). A History of Chinese Civilization (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-49781-7.
Golden, Peter B. (2011). Central Asia in World History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-515947-9.
Graff, David A. (2002). Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300 – 900. London, New York City: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-23955-9.
Grousset, René (2002). The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia (8th print ed.). New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-1304-1.
Guo, Xuezhi (2002). The Ideal Chinese Political Leader: A Historical and Cultural Perspective. Westport: Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0-275-97259-2.
Haar, Barend J. ter (2009). Het Hemels Mandaat: De Geschiedenis van het Chinese Keizerrijk (به هلندی). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 978-90-8964-120-5.
Higham, Charles F.W. (2004). Encyclopedia of Ancient Asian Civilizations. New York: Facts On File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4640-9.
Hulsewé, Anthony François Paulus (1979). China in Central Asia: The Early Stage, 125 B.C. -A.D. 23. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-05884-2.
Lewis, Mark Edward (2000). "The Han Abolition of Universal Military Service". Warfare in Chinese History. Leiden: Brill Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-11774-7.
Lewis, Mark Edward (2007). The Early Chinese Empires: Qin and Han. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-02477-9.
Loewe, Michael (1986). "The Former Han Dynasty". The Cambridge History of China, Volume 1: The Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B.C. – A.D. 220. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24327-0.
Loewe, Michael (2006). The Government of the Qin and Han Empires: 221 BCE - 220 CE. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-87220-818-6.
Loewe, Michael (2009). "The Western Han Army". Military Culture in Imperial China. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-03109-8.
Lovell, Julia (2006). The Great Wall: China Against the World, 1000 BC-AD 2000. New York: Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-4297-9.
Millward, James A. (1998). Beyond the pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-2933-8.
Millward, James (2006). Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-13924-3.
Morton, William Scott; Lewis, Charlton M. (2005). China: Its History and Culture (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-141279-4.
Psarras, Sophia-Karin (2004). "Han and Xiongnu: A Reexamination of Cultural and Political Relations (II)". Monumenta Serica. 52: 37–93. doi:10.1080/02549948.2004.11731409. ISSN 0254-9948. JSTOR 40727309. S2CID 193415523.
Sima, Qian; Watson, Burton (translator) (1993). Records of the Grand Historian: Han Dynasty II (Revised ed.). Hong Kong: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-08167-2. {{cite book}}: |author2= has generic name (help)
Spakowski, Nicola (1999). Helden, Monumente, Traditionen: Nationale Identität und historisches Bewußtsein in der VR China (به آلمانی). Hamburg: Lit. ISBN 978-3-8258-4117-1.
Tanner, Harold Miles (2009). China: A History. Indianapolis: Hackett. ISBN 978-0-87220-915-2.
Torday, Laszlo (1997). Mounted Archers: The Beginning of Central Asian History. Edinburgh: Durham Academic Press. ISBN 1-900838-03-6.
Tucker, Spencer C.;  et al. (2010). A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-667-1.
Whiting, Marvin C. (2002). Imperial Chinese Military History: 8000BC-1912AD. Lincoln: iUniverse. ISBN 978-0-595-22134-9.
Wintle, Justin (2002). The Rough Guide: History of China. London: Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-85828-764-5.
Wu, Shu-hui (2013). "Debates and Decision-Making: The Battle of the Altai Mountains (Jinweishan 金微山) in AD 91". Debating War in Chinese History. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-22372-1.
Yamashita, Michael; Lindesay, William (2007). The Great Wall: From Beginning to End. New York: Sterling Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4027-3160-0.
Yü, Ying-shih (1967). Trade and Expansion in Han China: Study in the Structure of Sino-barbarian Economic Relations. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-01374-2.
Yü, Ying-shih (1986). "Han Foreign Relations". The Cambridge History of China, Volume 1: The Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B.C. - A.D. 220. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24327-0.
Yü, Ying-shih (1994). "The Hsiung-nu". The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-24304-9.
Yü, Ying-shih (2002). "Nomads and Han China". Expanding Empires: Cultural Interaction and Exchange in World Societies from Ancient to Early Modern Times. Wilmington: Scholarly Resources. ISBN 978-0-8420-2731-1.
Zadneprovskiy, Y.A. (1999). "The Nomads of Northern Central Asia After the Invasion of Alexander". History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume 2 (1st Indian ed.). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishing. ISBN 81-208-1408-8.