تالكوت بارسونز
مراجع

↑   https://www.asanet.org/about/governance-and-leadership/council/presidents/talcott-parsons. {{استشهاد ويب}}: |url= بحاجة لعنوان (مساعدة) والوسيط |title= غير موجود أو فارغ (من ويكي بيانات) (مساعدة)
↑  Andrew Bell, Encyclopædia Britannica (بالإنجليزية البريطانية والإنجليزية), Illustrator: Andrew Bell, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., OCLC:71783328, QID:Q455
↑  . ص. 125. {{استشهاد ويب}}: الوسيط |title= غير موجود أو فارغ (من ويكي بيانات) (مساعدة) والوسيط |مسار= غير موجود أو فارع (مساعدة)
↑  Talcott Parsons, "The Present Status of "Structural-Functional" Theory in Sociology." In Talcott Parsons, Social Systems and The Evolution of Action Theory New York: The Free Press, 1975.
↑  Talcott Parsons generally agreed with Kingsley Davis' assessment that functional analysis cannot be regarded as an appropriate characterization for any special method or any specific school. It is a "technique," which is far too universal to embody such implications. See Kingsley Davis, "The Myth of Functional Aanalysis as a Special Method in Sociology and Anthropology." American Sociological Review, Vol.24.no.6. 1959. pp. 757–772.
↑  Edward S. Parsons, "A Christian Critique of Socialism." Andover Review XI. 1889. pp. 597–611.
↑  Charles Parsons (2004). "Some remarks on Talcott Parsons’s family". In: Journal The American Sociologist. Vol 35, Nr 3, Sept 2004. pp. 4–22.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "The Theory of Human Behavior in its Individual and Social Aspects" The American Sociologist Vol.27.no.4. Winter 1996. pp.13-23.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "A Behavioristic Concept of the Nature of Morals." The American Sociologist Vol.27.no.4. Winter 1996. pp. 24–37.
↑  تمت كتابة ورقة البحث الثانية في 27 مارس 1923 وسُمّيت "تصور سلوكي لطبيعة الأخلاق". Jens Kaalhauge Nielsen, "Beyond the Myth of "Radical Breaks" in Talcott Parsons's Theory: An Analysis of the Amherst Papers." The American Sociologist. Winter 1996. Volume 27. no.4. pp. 48–54.
↑ Alexander Stingl Between Discursivity and Sensus Communis: Kant, Kantianism and the Social Media Theory of Talcott Parsons. Inaugural-Dissertation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, edited for publication, OPUS Erlangen-Nürnberg University Press, 2008.
Alexander I. Stingl  Anthropos’ Scaffoldings: Studies in the Coevolution of Sociology, Biology, Medicine, and Philosophy. (with a foreword by Sal Restivo) forthcoming..
↑  Talcott Parsons, "The Circumstances of My Encounter with Max Weber" in Robert K. Merton & Matilda White Riley (eds.) Sociological Traditions from Generation to Generation. Norwood, NJ.: Ablex, 1980.
↑  Uta Gerhardt, "Much More than a Mere Translation Talcott Parsons' Translation into English of Max Weber's Protestantische Ethik und der Geist der Kapitalismus: An Essay in Intellectual History." The Canadian Journal of Sociology. Vol.32. No.1. Winter 2007. pp. 41–62.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "Review of Max Webers Wissenschaftslehre, by Alexander von Schelting," American Sociological Review vol.1. 1936: 675–81.
↑  Emile Doumerque, Jean Calvin: Les hommes et les choses de son temps, 7 volumes. Lausanne, 1899-1927.
↑  Edward S. Mason, "The Harvard Department of Economics from the Beginning to World War II." Quarterly Journal of Economics 97. 1982. pp. 383–433.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "Pareto's Central Analytical Scheme." In Talcott Parsons, The Early Essays Edited C. Camic. Chicago: دار نشر جامعة شيكاغو, 1991.
↑  Martin U. Martel, Dialogues with Parsons. Transcript, 1975.
↑  Christian Science Monitor, May 25, 1940.
↑  Alfred Schutz's phenomenology is not a simple "copy" of Husserl yet it is still pretty close; how close is a debated issues. For one discussion see Helmuth R. Wagner, "The Limitation of Phenomenology: Alfred Schutz's critical dialogue with Edmund Husserl." Husserl Studies Vol.1. No.1. December 1984.
↑  Alfred Schutz, Der sinnhafte Aufbau der Sociale Welt: eine Einleitung in die verstehende Soziology. Wien: J. Springer, 1932. The work appeared in English under the title: Alfred Schutz, The Phenomenology of the Social World. Northwestern University Press, 1967.
↑  Richard Grathoff (ed.) The Correspondence between Alfred Schutz and Talcott Parsons: The Theory of Social Action. Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press, 1978 (German version, 1977).
↑  Bennetta Jules-Rosette, "Talcott Parsons and the Phenomenological Tradition in Sociology: An Unresolved Debate." Human Studies, vol.3. 1980. pp. 311–330.
↑  Matthew M. Chew, "The Theoretical Quandary of Subjectivity: An Intellectual Historical Note on the Action Theories of Talcott Parsons and Alfred Schutz." Review of European Studies. Vol.1.No.1. June 2009.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "A 1974 Retrospective Perspective." in Richard Grathoff (ed.) The Correspondence of Alfred Schutz and Talcott Parsons: The Theory of Social Action. Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press, 1978. pp. 115–124.
↑  William J. Buxton and David Rehorick, "The Place of Max Weber in the Post-Structure Writings of Talcott Parsons" in A. Javier Treviño (ed.) Talcott Parsons Today: His Theory and Legacy in Contemporary Sociology. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2001.
↑  LeQuire، Peter Brickey؛ Silver، Daniel (2013). "Critical Naïveté? Religion, Science and Action in the Parsons-Voegelin Correspondence". European Journal of Sociology. ج. 54 ع. 2: 265–293. DOI:10.1017/S0003975613000143.
↑  Talcott Parsons and Eric Voegelin, "Correspondence, 1940-1944," European Journal of Sociology, 54, no. 2 (2013), pp. e1-e64. An Italian translation of the correspondence is published as an appendix in Emmanuele Morandi, La società accaduta: tracce di una 'nuova' scienza sociale in Eric Voegelin. Milano: FrancoAngeli, 2000. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-11. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-05-11.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  Talcott Parsons to Eric Voegelin, October 19, 1941. Talcott Parsons collection. Harvard University Archive.
↑  Stuart C. Dodd, Dimensions of Society: A Quantitative Systematics for the Social Sciences. New York: Macmillan, 1942.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "Review of Dimensions of Society: A Quantitative Systematics for the Social Sciences by Stuart Carter Dodd." American Sociological Review Vol.7. No.5. October 1942. pp. 709–714.
↑  Uta Gerhardt, Talcott Parsons: An Intellectual Biography. Cambridge University Press, 2002. p. 110.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "The Problem of Controlled Institutional Change: An Essay in Applied Social Science." Psychiatry. Vol.8. 1945. pp. 79–101.
↑  Uta Gerhardt, "Introduction: Talcott Parsons's Sociology of National Socialism." In Uta Gerhardt, Talcott Parsons on National Socialism. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1993. p. 57.
↑  For a further discussion of Talcott Parsons' influence on the postwar situation and the policies regarding Germany see, Uta Gerhardt, "Talcott Parsons and the Transformation from Totalitarianism to Democracy in the end of World War II." European Sociological Review, Vol.12. 1996. pp.303-325. For further discussion, see Uta Gerhardt, "Talcott Parsons und die Re-Education-Politik der amerikanischen Besatzungsmacht. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Soziologie, Jg.24. Heft.4. 1998. pp. 121–154.
↑  "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter P" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2018-10-05. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-04-22.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "A Tentative Outline of American Values" in Roland Robertson & بريان تورنر (eds.) Talcott Parsons: Theorist of Modernity.London: Sage Publication, 1991. The article "A Tentative Outline of the American Value System" was written in 1959 or 1960 and can be seen as a kind of prelude of Parsons' long-term interest in writing a major work about American Society, which at the same time was an attempt to facilitate the theoretical fundament of the concept of the "societal community," which represented the I-factor (the integrative function) of the social system and which extreme importance lied in the fact that Parsons in a sense regarded it as the epi-center (or the logical "starting-point") of the general process of differentiation in (and of) society.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "Some Theoretical Considerations on the Nature and Trends of Change of Ethnicity" in Talcott Parsons, Social Systems and the Evolution of Action Theory New York: The Free Press, 1977. (Originally published 1975). p.393.
↑  Max Weber, The Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism Roxbury Publishing Company, 2002.
↑  Jens Kaalhauge Nielsen, "Are there Cultural Limits to Inclusion? An Analysis of the Relation Between Culture and Social Evolution in Talcott Parsons' Theory." In Gabriele Pollini & Giuseppe Sciortino (eds). Parsons' The Structure of Social Action and Contemporary Debates. Milano, Italy: FrancoAngeli, 2001.
↑  Letter from Talcott Parsons to Eric Voegelin, May 13, 1941. Talcott Parsons collection, Harvard University Archive.
↑  See among others: Talcott Parsons, "Religious and Economic Symbolism in the Western World." Sociological Inquiry. Vol.49. (1) 1979. pp. 1–48.
↑  Talcott Parsons, American Society: A Theory of Societal Community. Paradigm Publishers, 2007. See the chapter on American history.
↑  Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America. New York: Schocken Books, 1961. Originally published in 1835-1840.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "Sociological Reflections on the United States in Relation to the European War" (1941). In Uta Gerhardt (ed.) Talcott Parsons on National Socialism. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1993. p. 194.
↑  Leon Mayhew, "In defence of Modernity: Talcott Parsons and the Utilitarian Tradition." The American Journal of Sociology, Vol.89. no.6. May 1984. pp. 1273–1305.
↑  Robert J. Holton and بريان تورنر, "Against nostalgia: Talcott Parsons and a sociology for the modern world." in Robert J. Holton & بريان تورنر, Talcott Parsons on Economy and Society. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1986.
↑  "A Seminar with Talcott Parsons at Brown University: My Life and Work, March, 1973. In Laurence S. Moss and Andrew Savchenko (ed.) Talcott Parsons: Economist Sociologist of the 20th Century. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.
↑  Talcott Parsons, The Social System. New York: The Free Press, 1951.
↑  Talcott Parsons & Edward Shils (eds.) Toward a General Theory of Action. Cambridge, Mass.: دار نشر جامعة هارفارد, 1951.
1 2  Walter B. Cannon, The Wisdom of the Body. New York: Norton, 1932.
1 2  Claude Bernard, An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine. New York: Dover, 1957. First published in French in 1865.
↑  Talcott Parsons, "The theory of symbolism in relation to action." In Talcott Parsons, Robert F. Bales & Edward A. Shils, Working Papers in the Theory of Action. New York: The Free Press, 1953.
↑  Charles W. Morris, Signs, Language and Behavior. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1946.
↑  Harold A. Abramson (ed.) Problems of Consciousness: Transactions of the Fourth Conference, March 29,30 and 31, 1953, Princeton, NJ. New York: Corlies, Macy & Company, Inc, 1954.
↑  Keith Doubt, "The Untold Friendship of Kenneth Burke and Talcott Parsons." The Social Science Journal Vol.34. No.4. 1997. pp. 527–537.
↑  Alfred L. Kroeber and Talcott Parsons, "The Concept of Culture and the Social System." American Sociological Review, Vol.23. No.5. 1958. pp. 582–583.
↑  Max Black (ed.) The Social Theories of Talcott Parsons: A Critical Examination. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1961. The original book was published by Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. in 1961.
↑  Letter from Talcott Parsons to Robert N. Bellah, November 25, 1960. Talcott Parsons Collection. Harvard University Archives.
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