التصريح (سياسة الشرطة)
مراجع

↑  "Police Services Act, R.S.O. 1990, c.P.15, as amended, s. 31(1)(c)" (PDF). Toronto Police Services Board. 24 أبريل 2014. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2015-03-31. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-06-15. "Contacts" are non-detention, non-arrest interactions between Service and community members that involve the eliciting and/or recording of personal information.
1 2  Ferreira، Victor (3 يونيو 2015). "Toronto Mayor John Tory vows to reform 'carding' despite calls to end". Posted Toronto. NationalPost.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-12-20. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-06-15. The policy allowed Toronto police to routinely and randomly stop citizens in the streets and record or elicit personal information.
1 2  Rankin، Jim؛ Winsa، Patty (9 مارس 2012). "Known to police: Toronto police stop and document black and brown people far more than whites". تورونتو ستار. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-12. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-12. Toronto police document people on forms called Field Information Reports, which include personal details including skin colour, the reason for the interaction, location and names of others — or "associates" — who were involved in the stop.
1 2  Howell، Mike (25 سبتمبر 2018). "VPD recommends more training for officers conducting 'street checks'". Vancouver Courier. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-09-27. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-09-27. According to the VPD's 2017 guidelines, the definition of a street check is when an officer stops a person to conduct an interview or investigation in regards to suspicious activity or a suspected crime. The interactions take place in public, private or any place police have contact with the public.
↑  "London police did not attend a citizens group's debate on the controversial practice of street checks". The London Free Press. 20 أغسطس 2015. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-12-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-11-29. a highly controversial practice where police randomly stop and record information about people, vehicles and locations that aren't involved in criminal investigations, to build a database for future use.
1 2  Wakefield، Jonny (10 يوليو 2017). "Social activist Desmond Cole to speak in Edmonton amid debate on controversial police practice". Edmonton Journal. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-07-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-12. The person is not legally detained, but activists say this is often not clear and results in a disproportionate number of black and Indigenous people having information in law enforcement databases.
↑  Gallant، Jacques (29 يوليو 2019). "Police carding should be banned in Ontario, independent review says". تورونتو ستار. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-09-09. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-12-31. A widespread program of random street checks involves considerable time and effort for a police service, with little to no verifiable results on the level of crime or even arrests
↑  Bennett، Kelly (23 ديسمبر 2016). "Street checks not the same as carding: Regina police chief". سي بي سي نيوز. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-06-08. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-01-06. Bray is adamant there is a distinct difference between carding someone and conducting a street check.
↑  Kane، Laura (14 نوفمبر 2018). "Toronto 'carding' activist Desmond Cole stopped by police in Vancouver". National Post. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-11-14. Cole said police appear to have classified the incident as not being a street check because no information was recorded, although in his case he refused to provide any.
↑  "Calgary police 'carding' raises concerns, says civil liberties group that filed FOIP request". سي بي سي نيوز. 10 مايو 2016. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-09-25. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-09-21. Calgary police spokesman Kevin Brookwell said what officers do in this city is not, strictly speaking, 'carding', which he describes as a term that 'came out of Eastern Canada'.
↑  Anderson، Drew (29 يونيو 2017). "Complaint filed against Lethbridge police for 'racist' carding practices". سي بي سي نيوز. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-06-08. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-06. The terminology being used is carding and it's a term that came out of the U.S., was applied in the Toronto area and it's sort of become a sensationalized term to describe a practice
↑  Yoos، Cam (26 يونيو 2017). "Street checks are an integral part of policing". Lethbridge Herald. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-07-09. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-19. A street check is not "stop and frisk."
↑  Outhit، Jeff (25 مارس 2016). "Waterloo Regional Police 4 times more likely to stop you if you are black". theRecord.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-12-05. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-19. Larkin cautions that police carded some people who are not local residents. He said approaching people to record their names is an intelligence-gathering effort to determine how people connect to each other.
↑  Quon، Alexander (16 سبتمبر 2018). "N.S. Human Rights Commission launches survey on use of 'carding' in Halifax". Global News. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-07-27. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-09-29. Halifax police say street checks are used to record suspicious activity. Although police stop and question people, the checks can also be "passive," with information recorded based on observations rather than interactions.
↑  "The PACER Report – Recommendations Update" (PDF). Toronto Police Service. 17 أغسطس 2015. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-03-04. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-07-15. That the Service discontinue use of the physical hard copy card (currently the Community Inquiry Report or TPS 306 Form) and, as a replacement, direct Officers to enter the information captured during such community engagements directly into their memobook for subsequent input into the electronic application.
↑  Rankin، Jim؛ Gillis، Wendy (27 أبريل 2017). "Ontario police forces share carding data with Mounties, CSIS". تورونتو ستار. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-02-10. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-22. Municipal police services 'should ensure' that intelligence they gather 'is shared regularly with key partners', including the Criminal Intelligence Service Ontario, the Ontario Provincial Police's anti-terrorism section, the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) and the RCMP, according to the 2014 document — the most recent version of the plan — that was posted online by two small Ontario police services, then apparently removed.
↑  Grewal، San (12 يونيو 2015). "Peel police chief says practice similar to carding takes place there". Urban Affairs. تورونتو ستار. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-25. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-06-15. Peel police Chief Jennifer Evans was asked if an individual not linked to any ongoing investigation or police call that's come in, or any criminality, could be engaged by police and asked about any identifying information.
↑  Huculak، Cory (6 يوليو 2017). "Opinion: Street checks a valuable tool for police". Edmonton Journal. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-10-02. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-19. We use 'Street Check Reports' as a tool to gather information.
↑  White-Kirkpatrick، Camilla (2 يناير 2017). "New carding legislation now in effect". Local News. Mid-North Monitor. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-01-07. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-01-06. the process of collection of information in certain circumstances (CIICC) or stopping anyone arbitrarily now involves specific rules for officers to follow when such interactions are made.
↑  Ford، Catherine (2016). "Carding must end for us to have a Just and Equal society". Progress Alberta. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-11-17. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-19. It's called 'carding' by the public, 'check-up slips' by the Calgary Police and 'street intelligence reports' by the Lethbridge Police.
↑  McKenna، Ryan (6 يونيو 2018). "Saskatchewan Police Commission brings in new policy on carding". ذا جلوب اند ميل . مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-06-08. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-06-08. The commission, which regulates municipal and First Nations police forces, refers to the practice as contact interviews, but the terms carding or street checks have been used in other provinces.
↑  "Information Update to Community Stakeholders and Request for Comment on "Contact Interview Guidelines for Municipal Police Services in Saskatchewan"" (PDF). Saskatoon Board of Police Commissioners. يوليو 2018. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-03-26. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-12-01. Contact Interview means a contact with the public initiated by a member of a police service with the intention of gathering information that is not related to a specific known incident or offence.
↑  "Police Commission Policy Manual - Part 2a" (PDF). Government of Saskatchewan. 4 يونيو 2018. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2018-11-08. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-09-25. Contact interview information obtained and entered in police service records management systems will be retained in accordance with police service policy but in any case not for a period exceeding five years and thereafter will be purged from the system.
↑  "New Ontario rule banning carding by police takes effect". سي بي سي نيوز. 1 يناير 2017. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-26. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-02-23. A new provincial rule banning carding by police in specific situations in Ontario officially came into effect on Sunday, but some say it doesn't go far enough to end the controversial practice.
↑  "The Police and Community Engagement Review" (PDF). Toronto Police Service. 1 يوليو 2013. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2020-02-24. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-06-15. Analysis indicated from 2009 to 2011, there were 1,104,561 persons entered into the FIR database.
↑  "Policing Non-Residents of Vancouver" (PDF). Vancouver Police Department. 4 أبريل 2009. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2017-07-20. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-06-15. There were 11,507 separate entity entries for street checks.
↑  "Civil liberties and First Nations groups launch complaint on discriminatory police stops; call for investigation". BC Civil Liberties Association. 14 يونيو 2018. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-07-28. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-07-28. This morning, the Union of BC Indian Chiefs (UBCIC) and the BC Civil Liberties Association (BCCLA) filed a complaint with the Office of the Police Complaint Commissioner calling for an immediate investigation of the significant racial disparity revealed in Vancouver Police Department's practice of street checks or police stops, often referred to as carding.
↑  "OTTAWA POLICE SERVICE PLAN FOR PARTICIPATION IN PROVINCIAL STREET CHECK REVIEW" (PDF). Ottawa Police Service. 27 يوليو 2015. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2020-05-09. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-04-08. There are 45,802 entities (persons) entered within the 23,402 Street Checks from 2011-14.
↑  McKinnon، Anne (30 أغسطس 2012). "CU prof accuses Ottawa police of unjust 'carding'". دجال. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-06-15. Carleton prof Darryl Davies wrote a letter to the Ottawa Police after one of his students found out police had collected and stored some of his personal information for six years.
↑  Bennett، Kelly (22 يونيو 2015). "Hamilton Police do 10 to 15 'street checks' a day". سي بي سي نيوز. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-03-22. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-07-25. Hamilton Police conducted between 3,000 and 5,500 "street checks" yearly between 2010 and 2013.
↑  "2010 Annual Report" (PDF). Hamilton Police Service. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2015-07-25. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-07-25. Implemented Street Check and entry of PONS directly into Niche for ACTION
↑  McGregor، Phlis and Angela MacIvor؛ MacIvor، Angela (9 يناير 2017). "Black people 3 times more likely to be street checked in Halifax, police say". سي بي سي نيوز. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-19. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-06. The data released to CBC News under freedom of information legislation shows that 36,700 individuals were checked over 11 years, some on multiple occasions.
↑  Sharkey، Jackie (9 أبريل 2016). "Carding: Who gets stopped for street checks in Waterloo Region". سي بي سي نيوز. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-07-16. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-29. According to data provided by the Waterloo Regional Police Service, officer conducted 63,697 street checks between 2005 and 2015.
بوابة كندا