الجدول الزمني لاسم فلسطين
مراجع

↑  Jacobson 1999: "The earliest occurrence of this name in a Greek text is in the mid-fifth century b.c., Histories of Herodotus, where it is applied to the area of the Levant between Phoenicia and Egypt."..."The first known occurrence of the Greek word Palaistine is in the Histories of Herodotus, written near the mid-fifth century B.C. Palaistine Syria, or simply Palaistine, is applied to what may be identified as the southern part of Syria, comprising the region between Phoenicia and Egypt. Although some of Herodotus' references to Palestine are compatible with a narrow definition of the coastal strip of the Land of Israel, it is clear that Herodotus does call the "whole land by the name of the coastal strip."..."It is believed that Herodotus visited Palestine in the fifth decade of the fifth century B.C."..."In the earliest Classical literature references to Palestine generally applied to the Land of Israel in the wider sense." "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-08-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-09-05.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  The Southern and Eastern Borders of Abar-Nahara Steven S. Tuell Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 284 (Nov., 1991), pp. 51–57
↑  Herodotus' Description of the East Mediterranean Coast Anson F. Rainey Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 321 (Feb., 2001), pp. 57–63
↑  In his work, Herodotus referred to the practice of male circumcision associated with the Hebrew people: "the Colchians, the Egyptians, and the Ethiopians, are the only nations who have practised circumcision from the earliest times. The Phoenicians and the Syrians of Palestine themselves confess that they learnt the custom of the Egyptians.... Now these are the only nations who use circumcision." The History of Herodotus نسخة محفوظة 09 أكتوبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Beloe, W., Rev., Herodotus, (tr. from Greek), with notes, Vol.II, London, 1821, p.269 "It should be remembered that Syria is always regarded by Herodotus as synonymous with Assyria. What the Greeks called Palestine the Arabs call Falastin, which is the Philistines of Scripture." "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-31. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-05-31.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  Elyahu Green, Geographic names of places in Israel in Herodotos This is confirmed by George Rawlinson in the third book (Thalia) of The Histories where Palaestinian Syrians are part of the fifth tax district spanning the territory from Phoenicia to the borders of Egypt, but excludes the kingdom of Arabs who were exempt from tax for providing the Assyrian army with water on its march to Egypt. These people had a large city called Cadytis, identified as Jerusalem. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-04-26. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-04-28.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  Feldman 1990، صفحة 19: "While it is true that there is no evidence as to precisely who changed the name of Judaea to Palestine and precisely when this was done, circumstantial evidence would seem to point to Hadrian himself, since he is, it would seem, responsible for a number of decrees that sought to crush the national and religious spirit of thejews, whether these decrees were responsible for the uprising or were the result of it. In the first place, he refounded Jerusalem as a Graeco-Roman city under the name of Aelia Capitolina. He also erected on the site of the Temple another temple to Zeus."
1 2  Kaegi, 1995, p. 41.
↑  Marshall Cavendish, 2007, p. 559.
↑  Sharon, 1988, p. 4.
↑  Gudrun Krämer (2008) A History of Palestine: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Founding of the State of Israel Translated by Gudrun Krämer and Graham Harman Princeton University Press, (ردمك 0-691-11897-3) p.16
↑  The British Mandate over Palestine نسخة محفوظة 11 فبراير 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  'State Of Palestine' Name Change Ordered By Palestinian Authority President Abbas نسخة محفوظة 04 مارس 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Fahlbusch et al., 2005, p. 185.
↑  Ancient Records of Egypt: The first through the seventeenth dynasties, James Henry Breasted, page 24 نسخة محفوظة 06 مارس 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  "Text of the Papyrus Harris". Specialtyinterests.net. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-12-15. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-12-11.
↑  Bernard Bruyère, Mert Seger à Deir el Médineh, 1929, page 32-37
↑  ND 2715 ( = XII; IM 64130; Plate 31), Re-edited in TCAE, pp. 390-3 and Fales, CLNA, pp. 90-95, 128-132,11.2 Translation in "The Nimrud Letters", 1952, H.W.F. Saggs, Volume: VI, 2001, page 156-157 نسخة محفوظة 11 يناير 2018 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  COS، صفحة 2.119D
↑  Nadav Na'aman, Sennacherib's "Letter to God" on His Campaign to Judah, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 214 (Apr., 1974), pp. 25–39. Also at JSTOR نسخة محفوظة 02 نوفمبر 2014 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  COS، صفحة 2.118i and ANET، صفحة 287
↑  Rabinowitz، Nick. "Herodotus Timemap". Timemap.js - Open Source Javascript library. nickrabinowitz.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-03-07. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-12-12. Book 1, Ch.105: From there they marched against Egypt: and when they were in the part of Syria called Palestine, Psammetichus king of Egypt met them and persuaded them with gifts and prayers to come no further. So they turned back, and when they came on their way to the city of Ascalon in Syria, most of the Scythians passed by and did no harm, but a few remained behind and plundered the temple of Heavenly Aphrodite.  ἐνθευ̂τεν δὲ ἤισαν ἐπ᾽ Αἴγυπτον. καὶ ἐπείτε ἐγένοντο ἐν τῃ̂ Παλαιστίνῃ Συρίῃ, Ψαμμήτιχος σφέας Αἰγύπτου βασιλεὺς ἀντιάσας δώροισί τε καὶ λιτῃ̂σι ἀποτράπει τὸ προσωτέρω μὴ πορεύεσθαι.οἳ δὲ ἐπείτε ἀναχωρέοντες ὀπίσω ἐγένοντο τη̂ς Συρίης ἐν Ἀσκάλωνι πόλι, τω̂ν πλεόνων Σκυθέων παρεξελθόντων ἀσινέων, ὀλίγοι τινὲς αὐτω̂ν ὑπολειφθέντες ἐσύλησαν τη̂ς οὐρανίης Ἀφροδίτης
↑  Herodotus' Description of the East Mediterranean Coast, Anson F. Rainey, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 321 (Feb., 2001), pp. 57–63
↑  Rabinowitz، Nick. "Herodotus Timemap". Timemap.js - Open Source Javascript library. nickrabinowitz.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-03-07. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-12-12. Book 3, Ch.5: Now the only apparent way of entry into Egypt is this. The road runs from Phoenicia as far as the borders of the city of Cadytis, which belongs to the so-called Syrians of Palestine. From Cadytis (which, as I judge, is a city not much smaller than Sardis) to the city of Ienysus the seaports belong to the Arabians; then they are Syrian again from Ienysus as far as the Serbonian marsh, beside which the Casian promontory stretches seawards;from this Serbonian marsh, where Typho is supposed to have been hidden, the country is Egypt. Now between Ienysus and the Casian mountain and the Serbonian marsh there lies a wide territory for as much as three days journey, terribly arid. μούνῃ δὲ ταύτῃ εἰσὶ φανεραὶ ἐσβολαὶ ἐς Αἴγυπτον. ἀπὸ γὰρ Φοινίκης μέχρι οὔρων τω̂ν Καδύτιος πόλιος ἐστὶ Σύρων τω̂ν Παλαιστίνων καλεομένων·ἀπὸ δὲ Καδύτιος ἐούσης πόλιος, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκέει, Σαρδίων οὐ πολλῳ̂ ἐλάσσονος, ἀπὸ ταύτης τὰ ἐμπόρια τὰ ἐπὶ θαλάσσης μέχρι Ἰηνύσου πόλιος ἐστὶ του̂ Ἀραβίου, ἀπὸ δὲ Ἰηνύσου αὐ̂τις Σύρων μέχρι Σερβωνίδος λίμνης, παρ᾽ ἣν δὴ τὸ Κάσιον ὄρος τείνει ἐς θάλασσαν·ἀπὸ δὲ Σερβωνίδος λίμνης, ἐν τῃ̂ δὴ λόγος τὸν Τυφω̂ κεκρύφθαι, ἀπὸ ταύτης ἤδη Αἴγυπτος. τὸ δὴ μεταξὺ Ἰηνύσου πόλιος καὶ Κασίου τε ὄρεος καὶ τη̂ς Σερβωνίδος λίμνης, ἐὸν του̂το οὐκ ὀλίγον χωρίον ἀλλὰ ὅσον τε ἐπὶ τρει̂ς ἡμέρας ὁδόν, ἄνυδρον ἐστὶ δεινω̂ς.
↑  Rabinowitz، Nick. "Herodotus Timemap". Timemap.js - Open Source Javascript library. nickrabinowitz.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-03-07. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-12-12. Book 7, Ch.89: The number of the triremes was twelve hundred and seven, and they were furnished by the following: the Phoenicians with the Syrians of Palestine furnished three hundred; for their equipment, they had on their heads helmets very close to the Greek in style; they wore linen breastplates, and carried shields without rims, and javelins.These Phoenicians formerly dwelt, as they themselves say, by the Red Sea; they crossed from there and now inhabit the seacoast of Syria. This part of Syria as far as Egypt is all called Palestine. τω̂ν δὲ τριηρέων ἀριθμὸς μὲν ἐγένετο ἑπτὰ καὶ διηκόσιαι καὶ χίλιαι, παρείχοντο δὲ αὐτὰς οἵδε, Φοίνικες μὲν σὺν Σύροισι τοι̂σι ἐν τῃ̂ Παλαιστίνῃ τριηκοσίας, ὡ̂δε ἐσκευασμένοι· περὶ μὲν τῃ̂σι κεφαλῃ̂σι κυνέας εἰ̂χον ἀγχοτάτω πεποιημένας τρόπον τὸν Ἑλληνικόν, ἐνδεδυκότες δὲ θώρηκας λινέους, ἀσπίδας δὲ ἴτυς οὐκ ἐχούσας εἰ̂χον καὶ ἀκόντια.οὑ̂τοι δὲ οἱ Φοίνικες τὸ παλαιὸν οἴκεον, ὡς αὐτοὶ λέγουσι, ἐπὶ τῃ̂ Ἐρυθρῃ̂ θαλάσσῃ, ἐνθευ̂τεν δὲ ὑπερβάντες τη̂ς Συρίης οἰκέουσι τὸ παρὰ θάλασσαν· τη̂ς δὲ Συρίης του̂το τὸ χωρίον καὶ τὸ μέχρι Αἰγύπτου πα̂ν Παλαιστίνη καλέεται.
↑  wikisource:History of Herodotus and "The History of Herodotus". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-12-11.
↑  4.38.2&getid=1 "Herodotus, The Histories (English) - Hdt. 4.38.2". perseus.uchicago.edu. Perseus Under Philologic. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-11-18. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-07-20. {{استشهاد ويب}}: تحقق من قيمة |مسار أرشيف= (مساعدة)
↑  The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads, Jan Retso, Routledge, 4 Jul 2013 نسخة محفوظة 14 أكتوبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Men on the Rocks: The Formation of Nabataean Petra, Michel Mouton, Stephan G. Schmid, Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH, 2013 نسخة محفوظة 14 أكتوبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Diodorus of Sicily, with an English translation by C.H. Oldfather نسخة محفوظة 10 أبريل 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Diodorus (Siculus.) (1814). The Historical Library of Diodorus the Sicilian: In Fifteen Books. To which are Added the Fragments of Diodorus, and Those Published by H. Valesius, I. Rhodomannus, and F. Ursinus. W. MʻDowall. ص. 183–. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-16. "The mariner passing by this country of palms, arrives at an island near to a promontory of the continent, which is called the Island of Sea-calves, from the great multitudes of those creatures that frequent this place. The sea here so abounds with them that it is to the admiration of the beholders. The promontory that shoots out towards this island lies over against Petra in Arabia and Palestine. It is said that the Gerrheans and Mineans bring out of the higher Arabia frankincense and other oderiferous gums into this island (تيران (جزيرة))." p. 183 at Google Books {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: روابط خارجية في |اقتباس= (مساعدة)
↑  Strabo (1889). The Geography of Strabo. H. G. Bohn. ص. 204. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-26. Next is the island of Phocae (Seals), (Sheduan. The "Saspirene insula" of Ptolemy) which has its name from those animals, which abound there. Near it is a promontory which extends towards Petra, of the Arabians called Nabataei, and to the country of Palestine, (The meaning of Strabo seems to be, that this cape is in a direction due south of Petra and Palestine) to this [island] the Minaei, Gerrhaei, and all the neighbouring nations repair with loads of aromatics. (p. 204 at Google Books) {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: روابط خارجية في |اقتباس= (مساعدة)
↑  "Tibullus and Sulpicia: The Poems, Translated by A. S. Kline". Poetryintranslation.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-10-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-12-11.
↑  "Latin quote: Quaque die redeunt, rebus minus apta gerendis, culta Palaestino septima festa Syro". Thelatinlibrary.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-08-09. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-12-11.
بوابة إسرائيل
بوابة التاريخ
بوابة جغرافيا
بوابة فلسطين
شعب يسمى فلسط (تقليديا بيليسط). من جدار تصويري على الصرح الثاني في مدينة هابو، 1150 قبل الميلاد، في عهد رمسيس الثالث.
تمثال بيديست"المبعوث المحايد، المبعوث لـ كنعان، وبيليسط".
فلسطين في 450 قبل الميلاد وفقا لهيرودوت (خريطة كما أعاد بناؤها ج.موراي، 1897)
فلسطين في 43 ميلادي وفقًا لبومبونيوس ميلا (خريطة أعيد بناؤها من قبل ك. ميلر، 1898)