سيستيمين
مراجع

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  Narváez-Vásquez J، Orozco-Cárdenas ML (2008). "Systemins and at Peps: Defense-Related Peptide Signals". Induced Plant Resistance to Herbivory. ص. 313–328. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4020-8182-8_15. ISBN:978-1-4020-8181-1.
↑  Ryan CA، Pearce G (نوفمبر 2003). "Systemins: a functionally defined family of peptide signals that regulate defensive genes in Solanaceae species". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 Suppl 2 ع. Suppl 2: 14577–14580. Bibcode:2003PNAS..10014577R. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1934788100. PMC:304121. PMID:12949264.
↑  Constabel CP، Yip L، Ryan CA (يناير 1998). "Prosystemin from potato, black nightshade, and bell pepper: primary structure and biological activity of predicted systemin polypeptides". Plant Molecular Biology. ج. 36 ع. 1: 55–62. DOI:10.1023/A:1005986004615. PMID:9484462. S2CID:46280523.
1 2 3  Pearce G، Bhattacharya R، Chen YC، Barona G، Yamaguchi Y، Ryan CA (يوليو 2009). "Isolation and characterization of hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptide signals in black nightshade leaves". Plant Physiology. ج. 150 ع. 3: 1422–1433. DOI:10.1104/pp.109.138669. PMC:2705048. PMID:19403725.
1 2 3 4  Pearce G، Siems WF، Bhattacharya R، Chen YC، Ryan CA (يونيو 2007). "Three hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptides derived from a single petunia polyprotein precursor activate defensin I, a pathogen defense response gene". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. ج. 282 ع. 24: 17777–17784. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M701543200. PMID:17449475.
1 2 3 4  Chen YC، Siems WF، Pearce G، Ryan CA (أبريل 2008). "Six peptide wound signals derived from a single precursor protein in Ipomoea batatas leaves activate the expression of the defense gene sporamin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. ج. 283 ع. 17: 11469–11476. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M709002200. PMC:2431084. PMID:18299332.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7  Huffaker A، Pearce G، Ryan CA (يونيو 2006). "An endogenous peptide signal in Arabidopsis activates components of the innate immune response". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ج. 103 ع. 26: 10098–10103. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10310098H. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0603727103. PMC:1502512. PMID:16785434.
↑  R. James Cook (2009). "Clarence A. 'Bud' Ryan 1931-2007" (PDF). National Academy of Science. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2017-06-29.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  Ryan CA، Pearce G (نوفمبر 2003). "Systemins: a functionally defined family of peptide signals that regulate defensive genes in Solanaceae species". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 Suppl 2 ع. Suppl 2: 14577–14580. Bibcode:2003PNAS..10014577R. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1934788100. PMC:304121. PMID:12949264.
↑  McGurl B، Pearce G، Orozco-Cardenas M، Ryan CA (مارس 1992). "Structure, expression, and antisense inhibition of the systemin precursor gene". Science. ج. 255 ع. 5051: 1570–1573. Bibcode:1992Sci...255.1570M. DOI:10.1126/science.1549783. PMID:1549783.
↑  Constabel CP، Yip L، Ryan CA (يناير 1998). "Prosystemin from potato, black nightshade, and bell pepper: primary structure and biological activity of predicted systemin polypeptides". Plant Molecular Biology. ج. 36 ع. 1: 55–62. DOI:10.1023/A:1005986004615. PMID:9484462. S2CID:46280523.
1 2  Pearce G، Bhattacharya R، Chen YC (ديسمبر 2008). "Peptide signals for plant defense display a more universal role". Plant Signaling & Behavior. ج. 3 ع. 12: 1091–1092. DOI:10.4161/psb.3.12.6907. PMC:2634463. PMID:19704502.
1 2  Narváez-Vásquez J، Ryan CA (يناير 2004). "The cellular localization of prosystemin: a functional role for phloem parenchyma in systemic wound signaling". Planta. ج. 218 ع. 3: 360–369. DOI:10.1007/s00425-003-1115-3. PMID:14534786. S2CID:23814562.
1 2  Ren F، Lian HJ، Chen L (2008). "TohpreproHypSys- A Gene Expression and Defense Protein Activity in the Tobacco Wounding Response". Journal of Plant Biology. ج. 51 ع. 1: 48–51. DOI:10.1007/BF03030740. S2CID:44652573.
1 2  Narváez-Vásquez J، Pearce G، Ryan CA (سبتمبر 2005). "The plant cell wall matrix harbors a precursor of defense signaling peptides". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ج. 102 ع. 36: 12974–12977. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10212974N. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0505248102. PMC:1200283. PMID:16126900.
↑  Vlot AC، Klessig DF، Park SW (أغسطس 2008). "Systemic acquired resistance: the elusive signal(s)". Current Opinion in Plant Biology. ج. 11 ع. 4: 436–442. DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2008.05.003. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-36EC-0. PMID:18614393.
1 2 3  Ryan CA (مارس 2000). "The systemin signaling pathway: differential activation of plant defensive genes". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. ج. 1477 ع. 1–2: 112–121. DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(99)00269-1. PMID:10708853.
1 2  Montoya T، Nomura T، Farrar K، Kaneta T، Yokota T، Bishop GJ (ديسمبر 2002). "Cloning the tomato curl3 gene highlights the putative dual role of the leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase tBRI1/SR160 in plant steroid hormone and peptide hormone signaling". The Plant Cell. ج. 14 ع. 12: 3163–3176. DOI:10.1105/tpc.006379. PMC:151209. PMID:12468734.
↑  Holton N، Harrison K، Yokota T، Bishop GJ (يناير 2008). "Tomato BRI1 and systemin wound signalling". Plant Signaling & Behavior. ج. 3 ع. 1: 54–55. DOI:10.4161/psb.3.1.4888. PMC:2633960. PMID:19704770.
1 2  Malinowski R، Higgins R، Luo Y، Piper L، Nazir A، Bajwa VS، وآخرون (يوليو 2009). "The tomato brassinosteroid receptor BRI1 increases binding of systemin to tobacco plasma membranes, but is not involved in systemin signaling". Plant Molecular Biology. ج. 70 ع. 5: 603–616. DOI:10.1007/s11103-009-9494-x. PMID:19404750. S2CID:8137960.
↑  Schaller A، Ryan CA (ديسمبر 1994). "Identification of a 50-kDa systemin-binding protein in tomato plasma membranes having Kex2p-like properties". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ج. 91 ع. 25: 11802–11806. Bibcode:1994PNAS...9111802S. DOI:10.1073/pnas.91.25.11802. PMC:45323. PMID:7991538.
↑  Yamaguchi Y، Pearce G، Ryan CA (يونيو 2006). "The cell surface leucine-rich repeat receptor for AtPep1, an endogenous peptide elicitor in Arabidopsis, is functional in transgenic tobacco cells". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ج. 103 ع. 26: 10104–10109. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10310104Y. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0603729103. PMC:1502513. PMID:16785433.
↑  Postel S، Küfner I، Beuter C، Mazzotta S، Schwedt A، Borlotti A، وآخرون (2010). "The multifunctional leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase BAK1 is implicated in Arabidopsis development and immunity". European Journal of Cell Biology. ج. 89 ع. 2–3: 169–174. DOI:10.1016/j.ejcb.2009.11.001. PMID:20018402.
1 2  Gunderman RB (1991). "Medicine and the quest for certainty". The Pharos of Alpha Omega Alpha-Honor Medical Society. Alpha Omega Alpha. ج. 54 ع. 3: 8–12. PMID:1924534.
↑  Higgins R، Lockwood T، Holley S، Yalamanchili R، Stratmann JW (مايو 2007). "Changes in extracellular pH are neither required nor sufficient for activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in response to systemin and fusicoccin in tomato". Planta. ج. 225 ع. 6: 1535–1546. DOI:10.1007/s00425-006-0440-8. PMID:17109147. S2CID:23769235.
↑  Stratmann J، Scheer J، Ryan CA (أغسطس 2000). "Suramin inhibits initiation of defense signaling by systemin, chitosan, and a beta-glucan elicitor in suspension-cultured Lycopersicon peruvianum cells". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ج. 97 ع. 16: 8862–8867. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.8862S. DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.16.8862. PMC:34024. PMID:10922047.
↑  Chen H، Wilkerson CG، Kuchar JA، Phinney BS، Howe GA (ديسمبر 2005). "Jasmonate-inducible plant enzymes degrade essential amino acids in the herbivore midgut". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ج. 102 ع. 52: 19237–19242. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10219237C. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0509026102. PMC:1323180. PMID:16357201.
↑  Corrado G، Agrelli D، Rocco M، Basile B، Marra M، Rao R (يونيو 2011). "Systemin-inducible defence against pests is costly in tomato". Biologia Plantarum. ج. 55 ع. 2: 305–311. DOI:10.1007/s10535-011-0043-5. S2CID:11741089.
↑  Orozco-Cardenas M، McGurl B، Ryan CA (سبتمبر 1993). "Expression of an antisense prosystemin gene in tomato plants reduces resistance toward Manduca sexta larvae". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ج. 90 ع. 17: 8273–8276. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.8273O. DOI:10.1073/pnas.90.17.8273. PMC:47331. PMID:11607423.
↑  Ren F، Lu Y (أغسطس 2006). "Overexpression of tobacco hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptide systemin precursor A gene in transgenic tobacco enhances resistance against Helicoverpa armiger a larvae". Plant Science. ج. 171 ع. 2: 286–292. DOI:10.1016/j.plantsci.2006.04.001.
↑  Conrath U (يوليو 2006). "Systemic acquired resistance". Plant Signaling & Behavior. ج. 1 ع. 4: 179–184. DOI:10.4161/psb.1.4.3221. PMC:2634024. PMID:19521483.
↑  Narváez-Vásquez J، Orozco-Cárdenas ML، Ryan CA (ديسمبر 2007). "Systemic wound signaling in tomato leaves is cooperatively regulated by systemin and hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptide signals". Plant Molecular Biology. ج. 65 ع. 6: 711–718. DOI:10.1007/s11103-007-9242-z. PMID:17899396. S2CID:22917051.
1 2  Corrado G، Sasso R، Pasquariello M، Iodice L، Carretta A، Cascone P، وآخرون (أبريل 2007). "Systemin regulates both systemic and volatile signaling in tomato plants". Journal of Chemical Ecology. ج. 33 ع. 4: 669–681. DOI:10.1007/s10886-007-9254-9. PMID:17333376. S2CID:5050998.
↑  Creelman RA، Mullet JE (يونيو 1997). "Biosynthesis and Action of Jasmonates in Plants". Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology. ج. 48: 355–381. DOI:10.1146/annurev.arplant.48.1.355. PMID:15012267.
1 2  Schmidt S، Baldwin IT (مارس 2009). "Down-regulation of systemin after herbivory is associated with increased root allocation and competitive ability in Solanum nigrum". Oecologia. ج. 159 ع. 3: 473–482. Bibcode:2009Oecol.159..473S. DOI:10.1007/s00442-008-1230-8. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-AF08-A. PMID:19037662.
1 2 3  Orsini F، Cascone P، De Pascale S، Barbieri G، Corrado G، Rao R، Maggio A (يناير 2010). "Systemin-dependent salinity tolerance in tomato: evidence of specific convergence of abiotic and biotic stress responses". Physiologia Plantarum. ج. 138 ع. 1: 10–21. DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2009.01292.x. PMID:19843237.
↑  Stratmann J (نوفمبر 2003). "Ultraviolet-B radiation co-opts defense signaling pathways". Trends in Plant Science. ج. 8 ع. 11: 526–533. DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2003.09.011. PMID:14607097.
↑  Berger B، Baldwin IT (نوفمبر 2007). "The hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptide systemin precursor NapreproHypSys does not play a central role in Nicotiana attenuata's anti-herbivore defense responses". Plant, Cell & Environment. ج. 30 ع. 11: 1450–1464. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01719.x. PMID:17897415.
↑  Berger B، Baldwin IT (أبريل 2009). "Silencing the hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptide systemin precursor in two accessions of Nicotiana attenuata alters flower morphology and rates of self-pollination". Plant Physiology. ج. 149 ع. 4: 1690–1700. DOI:10.1104/pp.108.132928. PMC:2663750. PMID:19211701.
↑  Holton N، Caño-Delgado A، Harrison K، Montoya T، Chory J، Bishop GJ (مايو 2007). "Tomato Brassinosteroid Insensitive1 is required for systemin-induced root elongation in Solanum pimpinellifolium but is not essential for wound signaling". The Plant Cell. ج. 19 ع. 5: 1709–1717. DOI:10.1105/tpc.106.047795. PMC:1913732. PMID:17513502.
| 0 | 1 |
| --- | --- |
معرفات كيميائية:  قاعدة بيانات عوائل البروتينات (Pfam): PF07376  
بوابة علم الأحياء
بوابة علم النبات
السيستمين المقترح لنقل الإشارة لsystemin.  MAPKs = كينازات البروتين المنشط بالميتوجين PL = فسفوليباز JA = حمض الجاسمونيك LA = حمض اللينولينيك
يقوم Systemin بتنشيط العمليات التي تساعد الطماطم على ردع الحشرات العاشبة، مثل دودة الطماطم