نهر جوي
مراجع

↑  "Atmospheric River Information Page". NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-09-30.
↑  "Atmospheric rivers form in both the Indian and Pacific Oceans, bringing rain from the tropics to the south". ABC news. 11 أغسطس 2020. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-10-02. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-08-11.
↑  Zhu، Yong؛ Reginald E. Newell (1994). "Atmospheric rivers and bombs" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. ج. 21 ع. 18: 1999–2002. Bibcode:1994GeoRL..21.1999Z. DOI:10.1029/94GL01710. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-10.
↑  Zhu، Yong؛ Reginald E. Newell (1998). "A Proposed Algorithm for Moisture Fluxes from Atmospheric Rivers". Monthly Weather Review. ج. 126 ع. 3: 725–735. Bibcode:1998MWRv..126..725Z. DOI:10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<0725:APAFMF>2.0.CO;2. ISSN:1520-0493.
↑  Kerr، Richard A. (28 يوليو 2006). "Rivers in the Sky Are Flooding The World With Tropical Waters" (PDF). Science. ج. 313 ع. 5786: 435. DOI:10.1126/science.313.5786.435. PMID:16873624. S2CID:13209226. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-12-14.
↑  White، Allen B.؛ وآخرون (8 أكتوبر 2009). "The NOAA coastal atmospheric river observatory". 34th Conference on Radar Meteorology. http://ams.confex.com/ams/34Radar/techprogram/program_567.htm. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-01-19. {{استشهاد بمنشورات مؤتمر}}: |مسار المؤتمر= بحاجة لعنوان (مساعدة)
↑  Dettinger, Michael (1 Jun 2011). "Climate Change, Atmospheric Rivers, and Floods in California – A Multimodel Analysis of Storm Frequency and Magnitude Changes1". JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association (بالإنجليزية). 47 (3): 514–523. Bibcode:2011JAWRA..47..514D. DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00546.x. ISSN:1752-1688. S2CID:4691998.
↑  Dettinger, Michael D.; Ralph, Fred Martin; Das, Tapash; Neiman, Paul J.; Cayan, Daniel R. (24 Mar 2011). "Atmospheric Rivers, Floods and the Water Resources of California". Water (بالإنجليزية). 3 (2): 445–478. DOI:10.3390/w3020445. hdl:10535/7155.
↑  Tan, Yaheng; Yang, Song; Zwiers, Francis; Wang, Ziqian; Sun, Qiaohong (1 Feb 2022). "Moisture budget analysis of extreme precipitation associated with different types of atmospheric rivers over western North America". Climate Dynamics (بالإنجليزية). 58 (3): 793–809. Bibcode:2022ClDy...58..793T. DOI:10.1007/s00382-021-05933-3. ISSN:1432-0894. S2CID:237218999. Archived from the original on 2024-07-10.
↑  Corringham, Thomas W.; McCarthy, James; Shulgina, Tamara; Gershunov, Alexander; Cayan, Daniel R.; Ralph, F. Martin (12 Aug 2022). "Climate change contributions to future atmospheric river flood damages in the western United States". Scientific Reports (بالإنجليزية). 12 (1): 13747. Bibcode:2022NatSR..1213747C. DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-15474-2. ISSN:2045-2322. PMC:9374734. PMID:35961991.
↑  Zhu، Yong؛ Reginald E. Newell (1994). "Atmospheric rivers and bombs" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. ج. 21 ع. 18: 1999–2002. Bibcode:1994GeoRL..21.1999Z. DOI:10.1029/94GL01710. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-10.Zhu, Yong; Reginald E. Newell (1994). "Atmospheric rivers and bombs" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 21 (18): 1999–2002. Bibcode:1994GeoRL..21.1999Z. doi:10.1029/94GL01710. Archived from the original نسخة محفوظة 10 يونيو 2010 على موقع واي باك مشين. (PDF) on 2010-06-10.
1 2  Kerr، Richard A. (28 يوليو 2006). "Rivers in the Sky Are Flooding The World With Tropical Waters" (PDF). Science. ج. 313 ع. 5786: 435. DOI:10.1126/science.313.5786.435. PMID:16873624. S2CID:13209226. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-12-14.Kerr, Richard A. (28 July 2006). "Rivers in the Sky Are Flooding The World With Tropical Waters" (PDF). Science. 313 (5786): 435. doi:10.1126/science.313.5786.435. PMID 16873624. S2CID 13209226. Archived from the original نسخة محفوظة 29 يونيو 2010 على موقع واي باك مشين. (PDF) on 29 June 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
↑  Newell، Reginald E.؛ Nicholas E. Newell؛ Yong Zhu؛ Courtney Scott (1992). "Tropospheric rivers? – A pilot study". Geophys. Res. Lett. ج. 19 ع. 24: 2401–2404. Bibcode:1992GeoRL..19.2401N. DOI:10.1029/92GL02916. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-09-28.
1 2  Zhu، Yong؛ Reginald E. Newell (1998). "A Proposed Algorithm for Moisture Fluxes from Atmospheric Rivers". Monthly Weather Review. ج. 126 ع. 3: 725–735. Bibcode:1998MWRv..126..725Z. DOI:10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<0725:APAFMF>2.0.CO;2. ISSN:1520-0493.Zhu, Yong; Reginald E. Newell (1998). "A Proposed Algorithm for Moisture Fluxes from Atmospheric Rivers". Monthly Weather Review. 126 (3): 725–735. Bibcode:1998MWRv..126..725Z. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<0725:APAFMF>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1520-0493.
↑  "Atmospheric rivers, part 2". ABC Radio National (بالإنجليزية الأسترالية). 24 May 2022. Archived from the original on 2023-03-20. Retrieved 2022-06-22.
1 2  Dettinger, Michael D.; Ralph, Fred Martin; Das, Tapash; Neiman, Paul J.; Cayan, Daniel R. (24 Mar 2011). "Atmospheric Rivers, Floods and the Water Resources of California". Water (بالإنجليزية). 3 (2): 445–478. DOI:10.3390/w3020445. hdl:10535/7155.Dettinger, Michael D.; Ralph, Fred Martin; Das, Tapash; Neiman, Paul J.; Cayan, Daniel R. (2011-03-24). "Atmospheric Rivers, Floods and the Water Resources of California". Water. 3 (2): 445–478. doi:10.3390/w3020445. hdl:10535/7155.
↑  Ralph، F. Martin؛ وآخرون (2006). "Flooding on California's Russian River: Role of atmospheric rivers" (PDF). Geophys. Res. Lett. ج. 33 ع. 13: L13801. Bibcode:2006GeoRL..3313801R. DOI:10.1029/2006GL026689. S2CID:14641695. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-12-15.
↑  Guan، Bin؛ Waliser، Duane E.؛ Molotch، Noah P.؛ Fetzer، Eric J.؛ Neiman، Paul J. (24 أغسطس 2011). "Does the Madden–Julian Oscillation Influence Wintertime Atmospheric Rivers and Snowpack in the Sierra Nevada?". Monthly Weather Review. ج. 140 ع. 2: 325–342. Bibcode:2012MWRv..140..325G. DOI:10.1175/MWR-D-11-00087.1. ISSN:0027-0644. S2CID:53640141.
↑  Guan، Bin؛ Waliser، Duane E. (27 ديسمبر 2015). "Detection of atmospheric rivers: Evaluation and application of an algorithm for global studies". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. ج. 120 ع. 24: 2015JD024257. Bibcode:2015JGRD..12012514G. DOI:10.1002/2015JD024257. ISSN:2169-8996.
1 2  Curry، Charles L.؛ Islam، Siraj U.؛ Zwiers، F. W.؛ Déry، Stephen J. (22 يناير 2019). "Atmospheric Rivers Increase Future Flood Risk in Western Canada's Largest Pacific River". Geophysical Research Letters. ج. 46 ع. 3: 1651–1661. Bibcode:2019GeoRL..46.1651C. DOI:10.1029/2018GL080720. ISSN:1944-8007. S2CID:134391178.
↑  Guan، Bin؛ Waliser، Duane E. (27 ديسمبر 2015). "Detection of atmospheric rivers: Evaluation and application of an algorithm for global studies". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. ج. 120 ع. 24: 2015JD024257. Bibcode:2015JGRD..12012514G. DOI:10.1002/2015JD024257. ISSN:2169-8996.Guan, Bin; Waliser, Duane E. (2015-12-27). "Detection of atmospheric rivers: Evaluation and application of an algorithm for global studies". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 120 (24): 2015JD024257. Bibcode:2015JGRD..12012514G. doi:10.1002/2015JD024257. ISSN 2169-8996.
↑  Ralph, F. Martin؛ Rutz, Jonathan J.؛ Cordeira, Jason M.؛ Dettinger, Michael؛ Anderson, Michael؛ Reynolds, David؛ Schick, Lawrence J.؛ Smallcomb, Chris (فبراير 2019). "A Scale to Characterize the Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. ج. 100 ع. 2: 269–289. Bibcode:2019BAMS..100..269R. DOI:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0023.1. S2CID:125322738.
↑  "CW3E Releases New Scale to Characterize Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers". Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes. 5 فبراير 2019. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-10-02. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-02-16.
↑  Ralph, F. Martin؛ Rutz, Jonathan J.؛ Cordeira, Jason M.؛ Dettinger, Michael؛ Anderson, Michael؛ Reynolds, David؛ Schick, Lawrence J.؛ Smallcomb, Chris (فبراير 2019). "A Scale to Characterize the Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. ج. 100 ع. 2: 269–289. Bibcode:2019BAMS..100..269R. DOI:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0023.1. S2CID:125322738.Ralph, F. Martin; Rutz, Jonathan J.; Cordeira, Jason M.; Dettinger, Michael; Anderson, Michael; Reynolds, David; Schick, Lawrence J.; Smallcomb, Chris (February 2019). "A Scale to Characterize the Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 100 (2): 269–289. Bibcode:2019BAMS..100..269R. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0023.1. S2CID 125322738.
↑  "CW3E Releases New Scale to Characterize Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers". Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes. 5 فبراير 2019. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-10-02. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-02-16."CW3E Releases New Scale to Characterize Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers". Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes. February 5, 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
↑  "New Scale to Characterize Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric River Storms" (Press release). Scripps Institute of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. 5 فبراير 2019. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-07-16. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-02-16.
↑  "New Scale to Characterize Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric River Storms" (Press release). Scripps Institute of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. 5 فبراير 2019. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-07-16. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-02-16."New Scale to Characterize Strength and Impacts of Atmospheric River Storms" (Press release). Scripps Institute of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. February 5, 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
↑  03 June 2022 tweet from CW3E. CW3E_Scripps على تويتر.. Retrieved 05 June 2022.
1 2  Paltan, Homero; Waliser, Duane; Lim, Wee Ho; Guan, Bin; Yamazaki, Dai; Pant, Raghav; Dadson, Simon (25 Oct 2017). "Global Floods and Water Availability Driven by Atmospheric Rivers". Geophysical Research Letters (بالإنجليزية). 44 (20): 10, 387–10, 395. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..4410387P. DOI:10.1002/2017gl074882. ISSN:0094-8276. Archived from the original on 2023-03-10.
↑  Neiman، Paul J.؛ وآخرون (2008). "Diagnosis of an Intense Atmospheric River Impacting the Pacific Northwest: Storm Summary and Offshore Vertical Structure Observed with COSMIC Satellite Retrievals" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. ج. 136 ع. 11: 4398–4420. Bibcode:2008MWRv..136.4398N. DOI:10.1175/2008MWR2550.1. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-12-15.
↑  Neiman، Paul J.؛ وآخرون (2008). "Meteorological Characteristics and Overland Precipitation Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers Affecting the West Coast of North America Based on Eight Years of SSM/I Satellite Observations" (PDF). Journal of Hydrometeorology. ج. 9 ع. 1: 22–47. Bibcode:2008JHyMe...9...22N. DOI:10.1175/2007JHM855.1. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-12-15.
↑  Ralph، F. Martin؛ وآخرون (2006). "Flooding on California's Russian River: Role of atmospheric rivers" (PDF). Geophys. Res. Lett. ج. 33 ع. 13: L13801. Bibcode:2006GeoRL..3313801R. DOI:10.1029/2006GL026689. S2CID:14641695. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-12-15.Ralph, F. Martin; et al. (2006). "Flooding on California's Russian River: Role of atmospheric rivers" (PDF). Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (13): L13801. Bibcode:2006GeoRL..3313801R. doi:10.1029/2006GL026689. S2CID 14641695. Archived from the original نسخة محفوظة 29 يونيو 2010 على موقع واي باك مشين. (PDF) on 2010-06-29. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
↑  "Atmospheric river of moisture targets Britain and Ireland". CIMSS Satellite Blog. 19 نوفمبر 2009. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2012-07-07.
↑  Stohl، A.؛ Forster, C.؛ Sodermann, H. (مارس 2008). "Remote sources of water vapor forming precipitation on the Norwegian west coast at 60°N–a tale of hurricanes and an atmospheric river" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. ج. 113 ع. D5: n/a. Bibcode:2008JGRD..113.5102S. DOI:10.1029/2007jd009006. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2024-03-09.
↑  Lavers، David A؛ R. P. Allan؛ E. F. Wood؛ G. Villarini؛ D. J. Brayshaw؛ A. J. Wade (6 ديسمبر 2011). "Winter floods in Britain are connected to atmospheric rivers" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. ج. 38 ع. 23: n/a. Bibcode:2011GeoRL..3823803L. CiteSeerX:10.1.1.722.4841. DOI:10.1029/2011GL049783. S2CID:12816081. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2024-07-06. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-08-12.
↑  Dezfuli، Amin (27 ديسمبر 2019). "Rare atmospheric river caused record floods across the Middle East". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. ج. 101 ع. 4: E394–E400. DOI:10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0247.1. ISSN:0003-0007.
↑  Paltan, Homero; Waliser, Duane; Lim, Wee Ho; Guan, Bin; Yamazaki, Dai; Pant, Raghav; Dadson, Simon (25 Oct 2017). "Global Floods and Water Availability Driven by Atmospheric Rivers". Geophysical Research Letters (بالإنجليزية). 44 (20): 10, 387–10, 395. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..4410387P. DOI:10.1002/2017gl074882. ISSN:0094-8276. Archived from the original on 2023-03-10.Paltan, Homero; Waliser, Duane; Lim, Wee Ho; Guan, Bin; Yamazaki, Dai; Pant, Raghav; Dadson, Simon (2017-10-25). "Global Floods and Water Availability Driven by Atmospheric Rivers". Geophysical Research Letters. 44 (20): 10, 387–10, 395. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..4410387P. doi:10.1002/2017gl074882. ISSN 0094-8276.
↑  Dettinger، Michael D. (28 يونيو 2013). "Atmospheric Rivers as Drought Busters on the U.S. West Coast". Journal of Hydrometeorology. ج. 14 ع. 6: 1721–1732. Bibcode:2013JHyMe..14.1721D. DOI:10.1175/JHM-D-13-02.1. ISSN:1525-755X. S2CID:2030208.
↑  Christensen، Jen؛ Nedelman، Michael (23 نوفمبر 2018). "Climate change will shrink US economy and kill thousands, government report warns". CNN. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-09-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-11-23.
1 2  Dettinger, Michael (1 Jun 2011). "Climate Change, Atmospheric Rivers, and Floods in California – A Multimodel Analysis of Storm Frequency and Magnitude Changes1". JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association (بالإنجليزية). 47 (3): 514–523. Bibcode:2011JAWRA..47..514D. DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00546.x. ISSN:1752-1688. S2CID:4691998.Dettinger, Michael (2011-06-01). "Climate Change, Atmospheric Rivers, and Floods in California – A Multimodel Analysis of Storm Frequency and Magnitude Changes1". JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 47 (3): 514–523. Bibcode:2011JAWRA..47..514D. doi:10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00546.x. ISSN 1752-1688. S2CID 4691998.
↑  Ralph، F. Martin؛ وآخرون (2006). "Flooding on California's Russian River: Role of atmospheric rivers" (PDF). Geophys. Res. Lett. ج. 33 ع. 13: L13801. Bibcode:2006GeoRL..3313801R. DOI:10.1029/2006GL026689. S2CID:14641695. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2010-06-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-12-15.Ralph, F. Martin; et al. (2006). "Flooding on California's Russian River: Role of atmospheric rivers" (PDF). Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (13): L13801. Bibcode:2006GeoRL..3313801R. doi:10.1029/2006GL026689. S2CID 14641695. Archived from the original نسخة محفوظة 29 يونيو 2010 على موقع واي باك مشين. (PDF) on 2010-06-29. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
↑  Chapter 2: Our Changing Climate، National Climate Assessment (NCA)، Washington, DC: USGCRP، 23 نوفمبر 2018، مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2024-09-05، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-11-23
↑  Christensen، Jen؛ Nedelman، Michael (23 نوفمبر 2018). "Climate change will shrink US economy and kill thousands, government report warns". CNN. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-09-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-11-23.Christensen, Jen; Nedelman, Michael (November 23, 2018). "Climate change will shrink US economy and kill thousands, government report warns". CNN. Retrieved November 23, 2018.
↑  Wehner، M. F.؛ Arnold، J. R.؛ Knutson، T.؛ Kunkel، K. E.؛ LeGrande، A. N. (2017). Wuebbles، D. J.؛ Fahey، D. W.؛ Hibbard، K. A.؛ Dokken، D. J.؛ Stewart، B. C.؛ Maycock، T. K. (المحررون). Droughts, Floods, and Wildfires (Report). Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment. Washington, DC: U.S. Global Change Research Program. ج. 1. ص. 231–256. DOI:10.7930/J0CJ8BNN.
↑  Warner, M. D., C. F. Mass, and E. P. Salathé Jr., 2015: Changes in winter atmospheric rivers along the North American West Coast in CMIP5 climate models. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 16 (1), 118–128. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-14-0080.1.
↑  Gao, Y., J. Lu, L. R. Leung, Q. Yang, S. Hagos, and Y. Qian, 2015: Dynamical and thermodynamical modulations on future changes of landfalling atmospheric rivers over western North America. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (17), 7179–7186. doi:10.1002/2015GL065435.
↑  Neiman، Paul. J.؛ Schick، L. J.؛ Ralph، F. M.؛ Hughes، M.؛ Wick، G. A. (ديسمبر 2011). "Flooding in western Washington: The connection to atmospheric rivers". Journal of Hydrometeorology. ج. 12 ع. 6: 1337–1358. Bibcode:2011JHyMe..12.1337N. DOI:10.1175/2011JHM1358.1.
↑  Paul Rogers (14 مايو 2019). "Rare "atmospheric river" storms to soak California this week". سان خوسيه ميركوري نيوز. سان خوسيه (كاليفورنيا). مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-15. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-05-15.
↑  Kurtis Alexander (5 ديسمبر 2019). "Storms that cost the West billions in damage". San Francisco Chronicle. ص. A1.
↑  Jill Cowan (15 مايو 2019). "Atmospheric Rivers Are Back. That's Not a Bad Thing". The New York Times.
↑  Corringham، Thomas W.؛ Ralph، F. Martin؛ Gershunov، Alexander؛ Cayan، Daniel R.؛ Talbot، Cary A. (4 ديسمبر 2019). "Atmospheric Rivers Drive Flood Damages in the Western United States". Science Advances. ج. 5 ع. 12: eaax4631. Bibcode:2019SciA....5.4631C. DOI:10.1126/sciadv.aax4631. PMC:6892633. PMID:31840064.
↑  Kurtis Alexander (5 ديسمبر 2019). "Storms that cost the West billions in damage". San Francisco Chronicle. ص. A1.Kurtis Alexander (December 5, 2019). "Storms that cost the West billions in damage". San Francisco Chronicle. p. A1.
↑  Curry، Charles L.؛ Islam، Siraj U.؛ Zwiers، F. W.؛ Déry، Stephen J. (22 يناير 2019). "Atmospheric Rivers Increase Future Flood Risk in Western Canada's Largest Pacific River". Geophysical Research Letters. ج. 46 ع. 3: 1651–1661. Bibcode:2019GeoRL..46.1651C. DOI:10.1029/2018GL080720. ISSN:1944-8007. S2CID:134391178.Curry, Charles L.; Islam, Siraj U.; Zwiers, F. W.; Déry, Stephen J. (January 22, 2019). "Atmospheric Rivers Increase Future Flood Risk in Western Canada's Largest Pacific River". Geophysical Research Letters. 46 (3): 1651–1661. Bibcode:2019GeoRL..46.1651C. doi:10.1029/2018GL080720. ISSN 1944-8007. S2CID 134391178.
↑  "Deluge to take a pause in B.C. before next atmospheric river arrives". The Weather Network. 28 نوفمبر 2021. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-10-05. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2021-11-29.
↑  Dezfuli، Amin (27 ديسمبر 2019). "Rare atmospheric river caused record floods across the Middle East". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. ج. 101 ع. 4: E394–E400. DOI:10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0247.1. ISSN:0003-0007.Dezfuli, Amin (2019-12-27). "Rare atmospheric river caused record floods across the Middle East". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 101 (4): E394–E400. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0247.1. ISSN 0003-0007.
↑  "Northwest cloudbands". Bureau of Meteorology. 5 يونيو 2013. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-10-05. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-08-11.
↑  "Indian Ocean". Bureau of Meteorology. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-07-17. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-08-11.
↑  Guan، Bin؛ Waliser، Duane (28 نوفمبر 2015). "Detection of Atmospheric Rivers: Evaluation and Application of an Algorithm for Global Studies". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. ج. 120 ع. 24: 12514–12535. Bibcode:2015JGRD..12012514G. DOI:10.1002/2015JD024257. S2CID:131498684.
↑  Lavers, David A.; Villarini, Gabriele (28 Jun 2013). "The nexus between atmospheric rivers and extreme precipitation across Europe: ARS AND EXTREME EUROPEAN PRECIPITATION". Geophysical Research Letters (بالإنجليزية). 40 (12): 3259–3264. DOI:10.1002/grl.50636. S2CID:129890209. Archived from the original on 2024-07-18.
↑  F. M. Ralph؛ M. D. Dettinger (9 أغسطس 2011). "Storms, Floods, and the Science of Atmospheric Rivers" (PDF). Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union. Washington, DC: John Wiley & Sons for the الاتحاد الجيوفيزيائي الأمريكي (AGU). ج. 92 رقم  32. ص. 265–272. DOI:10.1029/2011EO320001. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-05-17.
↑  "Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union". evisa. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-08-11. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-03-25.