الربيع الأوروبي (ثورات 1848)
المصادر

↑  Mike Rapport (2009). 1848: Year of Revolution. Basic Books. ص. 201. ISBN:978-0-465-01436-1. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-28. The first deaths came at noon on 23 June.
↑  Merriman, John, A History of Modern Europe: From the French Revolution to the Present, 1996, p 715
↑  R.J.W. Evans and Hartmut Pogge von Strandmann, eds., The Revolutions in Europe 1848–1849 (2000) pp v, 4
↑  Robert Bideleux and Ian Jeffries, A History of Eastern Europe: Crisis and Change, Routledge, 1998. ISBN 0415161118. pp. 295–296.
↑  "Demands of the Communist Party in Germany," Marx-Engels Collected Works, vol 7, pp. 3ff (Progress Publishers: 1975–2005)
↑  Merriman, John (1996). A History of Modern Europe: From the Renaissance to the Present. New York: W.W. Norton. ص. 718. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2021-04-04.
↑  Merriman, 1996, p. 724
↑  The Machinery Question and the Making of Political Economy 1815-1848 - Maxine Berg - Google Books نسخة محفوظة 24 سبتمبر 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Breuilly, John ed. Parker, David (2000). Revolutions and the Revolutionary Tradition. New York: Routledge. ص. 114.{{استشهاد بكتاب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link)
↑  Helen Litton, The Irish Famine: An Illustrated History, Wolfhound Press, 1995, ISBN 0-86327-912-0
↑  Charles Breunig, The Age of Revolution and Reaction, 1789–1850 (1977)
↑  Tocqueville, Alexis de. "Recollections,"
↑  Louis Namier, 1848: The Revolution of the Intellectuals (1964)
↑  Theodote S. Hamerow, Restoration, Revolution, Reaction: Economics and Politics in Germany, 1825–1870 (1958) focuses mainly on artisans and peasants
1 2  Weibull, Jörgen. "Scandinavia, History of." موسوعة بريتانيكا 15th ed., Vol. 16, 324.
↑  Gábor Gángó, "1848-1849 in Hungary," Hungarian Studies (2001) 15#1 pp 39-47. online نسخة محفوظة 19 أكتوبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Deak, Istvan. The Lawful Revolution. New York: Columbia University Press, 1979.
1 2  "The US and the 1848 Hungarian Revolution." The Hungarian Initiatives Foundation. Accessed March 26, 2015. http://www.hungaryfoundation.org/history/20140707_US_HUN_1848. نسخة محفوظة 2016-03-14 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  The Making of the West: Volume C, Lynn Hunt, Pages 683–684
↑  Kost' Levytskyi, The History of the Political Thought of the Galician Ukrainians, 1848-1914, (Lviv, 1926), 17.
↑  Kost' Levytskyi, The History of the Political Thought of the Galician Ukrainians, 1848-1914, (Lviv, 1926), 26.
1 2 3 4  Chastain، James. "Belgium in 1848". Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions. جامعة أوهايو. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2011-08-11.
↑  Ascherson، Neal (1999). The King Incorporated: Leopold the Second and the Congo (ط. New). London: Granta. ص. 20–1. ISBN:1862072906.
↑  "Serbia's Role in the Conflict in Vojvodina, 1848-49". Ohiou.edu. 25 أكتوبر 2004. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2008-09-25. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2013-10-01.
↑  Henry Weisser, "Chartism in 1848: Reflections on a Non-Revolution," Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies Vol. 13, No. 1 (Spring, 1981), pp. 12–26 in JSTOR نسخة محفوظة 24 سبتمبر 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Fyson، Robert (2016). The Struggle for Manx Democracy. Douglas: Culture Vannin. ISBN:9780993157837.
↑  Saul, J.R. (2012). Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine & Robert Baldwin. Penguin Group (Canada).
↑  J. Fred Rippy,  Latin America: A Modern History (1958) pp 253–4
↑  Breunig, Charles (1977), The Age of Revolution and Reaction, 1789–1850 (ISBN 0-393-09143-0)
↑  Gazmuri, Cristián (1999). El "1849" chileno: Igualitarios, reformistas, radicales, masones y bomberos (PDF) (بالإسبانية). Santiago, Chile: Editorial Universitaria. p. 104. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-19. Retrieved 2014-06-01.
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