التحيز الجندري في التشخيص الطبي
مراجع

↑  Spector, Nancy D.; Overholser, Barbara (28 Jun 2019). "Examining Gender Disparity in Medicine and Setting a Course Forward". JAMA Network Open (بالإنجليزية). 2 (6): e196484. DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.6484. ISSN:2574-3805. PMID:31251371.
↑  Fassler, Joe (15 Oct 2015). "How Doctors Take Women's Pain Less Seriously". The Atlantic (بالإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on 2021-04-28. Retrieved 2020-06-26.
↑  Consumer Reports (29 يوليو 2019). "Is bias keeping female, minority patients from getting proper care for their pain?". The Washington Post. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2021-02-08. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-06-26.
↑  Edwards, Laurie (17 Feb 2019). "Opinion | Why Are We Still Dismissing Girls' Pain?". The New York Times (بالإنجليزية الأمريكية). ISSN:0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2020-11-14. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
↑  Billock, Jennifer. "Pain bias: The health inequality rarely discussed". www.bbc.com (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2021-05-06. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
↑  Trechak A (1999). "On cultural and gender bias in medical diagnosis". Multicultural Education. ج. 7 ع. 2: 41.
↑  Tasca، Cecelia؛ Rapetti، Mariangela؛ Fadda، Bianca؛ Carta، Mauro (2012). "Women And Hysteria In The History Of Mental Health". Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health. ج. 8: 110–119. DOI:10.2174/1745017901208010110. PMC:3480686. PMID:23115576.
↑  "Women in medicine". Brought to Life. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-02-16.
1 2  Molly Caldwell، Crosby (2 مايو 2014). "Your Gender Determines the Quality of Your Healthcare (But There's Hope For the Future)". Verily Magazine. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-10-07.
↑  Armitage, K. J., L. J. Schneiderman, and R. A. Bass. “Response of Physicians to Medical Complaints in Men and Women.” JAMA 241, no. 20 (May 18, 1979): 2186–87.
↑  Aithal N (2 Apr 2017). "Sexism In Medicine Needs A Checkup". Huffington Post (بالإنجليزية الأسترالية). Archived from the original on 2019-04-15.
↑  Madsen MK، Blide LA (نوفمبر 1992). "Professional advancement of women in health care management: a conceptual model". Topics in Health Information Management. ج. 13 ع. 2: 45–55. PMID:10122424.
↑  Wiggins C (3 سبتمبر 1991). "Female healthcare managers and the glass ceiling. The obstacles and opportunities for women in management". Hospital Topics. ج. 69 ع. 1: 8–14. DOI:10.1080/00185868.1991.9948448. PMID:10109490.
1 2 3 4  Liu KA، Mager NA (2016). "Women's involvement in clinical trials: historical perspective and future implications". Pharmacy Practice. ج. 14 ع. 1: 708. DOI:10.18549/PharmPract.2016.01.708. PMC:4800017. PMID:27011778.
↑  WOMEN'S HEALTH EQUITY ACT of 1993. Congressional Record Daily Edition. n.p.: 1993.
↑  THE WOMEN'S HEALTH EQUITY ACT of 1991. Congressional Record Daily Edition. n.p.: 1991.
1 2  Institute of Medicine (1994). "Executive Summary". In Mastroianni AC, Faden R, Federman D (eds.). Women and Health Research: Ethical and Legal Issues of Including Women in Clinical Studies, Volume 1 (بالإنجليزية). The National Academy Press. pp. 2–3. ISBN:978-0-309-04992-4.
↑  U.S. Government Accountability Office (1990). National Institutes of Health: Problems in Implementing Policy on Women in Study Populations. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-08-20.
1 2  Schiebinger L (أكتوبر 2003). "Women's health and clinical trials". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. ج. 112 ع. 7: 973–7. DOI:10.1172/JCI19993. PMC:198535. PMID:14523031.
↑  "Regular aspirin intake and acute myocardial infarction". British Medical Journal. ج. 1 ع. 5905: 440–3. مارس 1974. DOI:10.1136/bmj.1.5905.440. PMC:1633212. PMID:4816857.
↑  Elwood PC، Cochrane AL، Burr ML، Sweetnam PM، Williams G، Welsby E، Hughes SJ، Renton R (مارس 1974). "A randomized controlled trial of acetyl salicylic acid in the secondary prevention of mortality from myocardial infarction". British Medical Journal. ج. 1 ع. 5905: 436–40. DOI:10.1136/bmj.1.5905.436. PMC:1633246. PMID:4593555.
↑  Institute of Medicine (2001). Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex Matter? (بالإنجليزية). National Academy Press. ISBN:9780309072816. Archived from the original on 2021-05-07.
↑  ICH (5 يناير 2005). "Gender Considerations in the Conduct of Clinical Trials (EMEA/CHMP/3916/2005)" (PDF). EMA. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2017-09-19.
↑  Foulkes MA (يونيو 2011). "After inclusion, information and inference: reporting on clinical trials results after 15 years of monitoring inclusion of women". Journal of Women's Health. ج. 20 ع. 6: 829–36. DOI:10.1089/jwh.2010.2527. PMID:21671773.
↑  Pal، Somnath (2015). "Inclusion of Women in Clinical Trials of New Drugs and Devices". US Pharm. ج. 40 ع. 10: 21. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-10-20.
↑  Dotinga, Randy (9 Apr 2018). "Pregnant women in clinical trials: FDA questions how to include them". Ob.Gyn. News (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2018-07-04.
↑  "Pregnant Women: Scientific and Ethical Considerations for Inclusion in Clinical Trials Guidance for Industry" (PDF). FDA. أبريل 2018. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2018-04-25.
↑  Santos-Casado M، García-Avello A (2019). "Systematic Review of Gender Bias in the Clinical Trials of New Long-Acting Antipsychotic Drugs". Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. ج. 39 ع. 3: 264–272. DOI:10.1097/JCP.0000000000001041. PMID:30939594. S2CID:92998727.
بوابة المرأة
بوابة طب