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↑  Penzer، Norman Mosley (1993) [1936]. The Harem: an account of the institution as it existed in the Palace of the Turkish Sultans with a history of the Grand Seraglio from its foundation to modern times. New York: Dorset Press.
↑  Taylor، Gary (2000). Castration: An Abbreviated History of Western Manhood. Routledge. ISBN:0415927854.
↑  Maarten J. Vermaseren, Cybele and Attis: the myth and the cult, translated by A. M. H. Lemmers, London: Thames and Hudson, 1977, p.96: "But according to others their name was derived from King Gallus 495 who in a state of frenzy had emasculated himself..." and p.199, "495. Steph. Byz. s.v. γάλλος (= H. Hepding, Attis, 74)."
↑  Maarten J. Vermaseren, Cybele and Attis: the myth and the cult, translated by A. M. H. Lemmers, London: Thames and Hudson, 1977, p.85, referencing Ovid, Fasti IV.9
↑  Kuefler، Mathew (2001). The Manly Eunuch: Masculinity, Gender Ambiguity, and Christian Ideology in Late Antiquity. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. ص. 248.
1 2  Burns، Krishni Schaefgen. The Magna Mater Romana: A sociocultural study of the cult of the Magna Mater in Republican Rome. ISBN:978-1-321-56911-7. OCLC:1257962341.
↑  Scholz، Piotr O. (2001). Eunuchs and Castrati: A Cultural History. ترجمة: Broadwin، John A.؛ Frisch، Shelley L. Markus Wiener. ص. 96. ISBN:1558762019.
↑  Livy. "29.14.10ff". The History of Rome from Its Foundation.
↑  Luther H. Martin, Hellenistic Religions: An Introduction, Oxford University Press, 1987, (ردمك 019504391X) p. 83
↑  Plutarch. "Life of Marius, 17.5 (The Parallel Lives, Vol IX), published circa 100 CE". penelope.uchicago.edu. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-12-12.
↑  The cults of the Roman Empire, The Great Mother and her Eunuchs, by Robert Turcan, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996 (ردمك 0-631-20047-9) p. 49
↑  Maarten J. Vermaseren, Cybele and Attis: the myth and the cult, translated by A. M. H. Lemmers, London: Thames and Hudson, 1977, p.96: "Furthermore Cybele was to be served by only oriental priests; Roman citizens were not allowed to serve until the times of Claudius."
↑  "Dig reveals Roman transvestite". BBC (بالإنجليزية البريطانية). 21 May 2002. Archived from the original on 2018-02-10. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
↑  "International Transgender Day of Visibility: The Galli in Yorkshire". York Archaeology (بالإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on 2023-04-03. Retrieved 2023-04-03.
↑  Maarten J. Vermaseren, Cybele and Attis: the myth and the cult, translated by A. M. H. Lemmers, London: Thames and Hudson, 1977, p.115: "The Day of Blood (dies sanguinis) is the name given to the ceremonies on 24 March. On this day the priests flagellated themselves until the blood came and with it they sprinkled the effigy and the altars in the temple."
↑  Maarten J. Vermaseren, Cybele and Attis: the myth and the cult, translated by A. M. H. Lemmers, London: Thames and Hudson, 1977, p.97.
↑  Oster، Richard Earl (22 أبريل 2016). Julius Firmicus Maternus: De errore profanarum religionum. Introduction, translation and commentary. Rice Scholarship Home (Thesis thesis). ص. 75. hdl:1911/89943. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2022-09-10.
↑  Firmicus Maternus، Julius؛ Forbes، Clarence A. (1970). Firmicus Maternus : the error of the pagan religions. New York: Newman Press. ص. 81. ISBN:0-8091-0039-8. OCLC:88488.
↑  "Iulij Firmici Materni V.C. de errore profanarum religionum ad Constantium & Constantem Augustos liber: nunquam antehac in lucem editus". The British Library (باللاتينية). Retrieved 2022-09-10.
↑  Rose، H. J. (1959). Religion in Greece and Rome. [Originally published as Ancient Greek Religion (1946) and Ancient Roman Religion (1948) by Hutchinson and Co. in London.] New York: Harper and Row. ص. 278.
1 2  The cults of the Roman Empire, The Great Mother and her Eunuchs, by Robert Turcan, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996 (ردمك 0-631-20047-9) p. 51
↑  Dictionary of Roman religion by Lesley Adkins, Roy A. Adkins, Oxford University Press, 1996 (ردمك 0-19-514233-0) p. 91
↑  Hales، Shelley (2002). "Looking for eunuchs: The galli and Attis in Roman art". في Tougher، Shaun (المحرر). Eunuchs in Antiquity and Beyond. The Classical Press of Wales and Duckworth. ص. 91.
↑  Kirsten Cronn-Mills, Transgender Lives: Complex Stories, Complex Voices (2014, (ردمك 0761390227)), page 39
↑  Teresa Hornsby, Deryn Guest, Transgender, Intersex and Biblical Interpretation (2016, (ردمك 0884141551)), page 47
↑  Latham، Jacob (2012). ""Fabulous Clap-Trap": Roman Masculinity, the Cult of Magna Mater, and Literary Constructions of the galli at Rome from the Late Republic to Late Antiquity". The Journal of Religion. ج. 92 ع. 1: 84–122. DOI:10.1086/662205. ISSN:0022-4189. JSTOR:10.1086/662205. S2CID:170360753.
↑  Denova، Rebecca I. (2018). Greek and Roman religions. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN:978-1-78785-765-0. OCLC:1243160502.
↑  Bremmer، Jan N. (2004). "Attis: A Greek God in Anatolian Pessinous and Catullan Rome". Mnemosyne. ج. 57 ع. 5: 534–573. DOI:10.1163/1568525043057892. ISSN:0026-7074. JSTOR:4433594.
↑  A. D. Nock, Eunuchs in Ancient Religion, ARW, XXIII (1925), 25–33 = Essays on Religion and the Ancient World, I (Oxford, 1972), 7–15.
↑  Maarten J. Vermaseren, Cybele and Attis: the myth and the cult, translated by A. M. H. Lemmers, London: Thames and Hudson, 1977, p. 98.
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