اغتصاب
المصادر

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↑  "Rape". dictionary.reference.com. April 15, 2011. مؤرشف من الأصل في 3 مارس 2016.
↑  "Rape". legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com. April 15, 2011. مؤرشف من الأصل في 16 مايو 2019.
↑  Petrak, Jenny; Hedge, Barbara, eds. (2003). The Trauma of Sexual Assault Treatment, Prevention and Practice. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-470-85138-8.
↑  "Rape at the National Level, number of police recorded offenses".United Nations.
↑  "Violence against women". World Health Organization. Retrieved 2017-09-08.
↑  Human Rights WatchNo Escape: Male Rape In U.S. Prisons. Part VII. Anomaly or Epidemic: The Incidence of Prisoner-on-Prisoner Rape.; estimates that 100,000–140,000 violent male-male rapes occur in U.S. prisons annually; compare with FBI statistics that estimate 90,000 violent male-female rapes occur annually.
↑  Robert W. Dumond, "Ignominious Victims: Effective Treatment of Male Sexual Assault in Prison," August 15, 1995, p. 2; states that "evidence suggests that [male-male sexual assault in prison] may be a staggering problem". Quoted in
↑  reports that "Greater percentages of men (70%) than women (29%) reported that their incident resulted in oral, vaginal, or anal sex. More men (54%) than women (28%) reported an incident that was classified as rape."
↑  "Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Rape Survivors". The American Academy of Experts in Traumatic Stress. 1995. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
1 2  "Rape victim threatened to withdraw case in UP". Zeenews.india.com. 2011-03-19. Retrieved 2013-02-03.
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1 2  Harter, Pascale (2011-06-14). "BBC News - Libya rape victims 'face honour killings'". BBC News. Retrieved 2013-02-03.
1 2  Corinne J. Saunders, Rape and Ravishment in the Literature of Medieval England, Boydell & Brewer, 2001, p. 20.
1 2  Keith Burgess-Jackson, A Most Detestable Crime: New Philosophical Essays on Rape, Oxford University Press, New York, 1999, p.16.
↑  "Rape". Merriam-Webster.
1 2  Smith, Merril D., ed. (2004). Encyclopedia of rape (1st ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Press. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-0-313-32687-5.
1 2  Maier, S. L. (2008). ""I Have Heard Horrible Stories...": Rape Victim Advocates' Perceptions of the Revictimization of Rape Victims by the Police and Medical System". Violence Against Women. 14 (7): 786–808. doi:10.1177/1077801208320245. ISSN 1077-8012. PMID 18559867.
↑  Justinian, Institutiones [1]
↑  Adolf Berger, Encyclopedic Dictionary on Roman Law, pp. 667 (raptus) and 768 (vis) [2]
↑  "An Updated Definition of Rape (U.S. Dept of Justice, January 6, 2012)". Archived from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
↑  Savage, Charlie (14 April 2018). "Federal Crime Statistics to Expand Rape Definition". The New York Times – via NYTimes.com.
↑  Krug, Etienne G.; et al., eds. (2002). "WORLD REPORT ON VIOLENCE AND HEALTH" (PDF). World Health Organization. p. 149. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
1 2  Basile, KC; Smith, SG; Breiding, MJ; Black, MC; Mahendra, RR (2014). "Sexual Violence Surveillance: Uniform Definitions and Recommended Data Elements, Version 2.0" (PDF). National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
↑  Markovchick, Vincent (2016). "Sexual Assault". Emergency medicine secrets. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. pp. 516–520. ISBN 9780323355162.
↑  Kalbfleisch, Pamela J.; Cody, Michael J. (2012). Gender Power and Communication in Human Relationships. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-48050-8. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
↑  Ken Plummer (2002). Modern Homosexualities: Fragments of Lesbian and Gay Experiences. Routledge. pp. 187–191. ISBN 978-1-134-92242-0. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
↑  "Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009". legislation.gov.uk/UK Statute Law Database. 2009. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
↑  Tom de Castella, Jon Kelly (August 22, 2012). "Assange case: How is rape defined?". BBC News. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
↑  "Criminal code". Retrieved 2010-12-31.
↑  "UCSB's SexInfo". Soc.ucsb.edu. Retrieved 2010-12-31.
↑  Rosdahl, Caroline (2012). Textbook of basic nursing. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-1-60547-772-5.
↑  Kelly, Gary (2011). Sexuality today. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-353199-1.
1 2  "Rape". legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com. April 15, 2011.
↑  Gruber, Aya (December 2016). "Consent Confusion". Cardozo Law Review. 38 (2): 415–458. Retrieved March 20, 2017.
1 2  Rape and sexual violence: Human rights law and standards in the International Criminal Court. Amnesty International 2011
↑  Correspondent, Legal (2019-04-13). "Sex on false promise of marriage is rape: Supreme Court". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2019-04-14.
↑  REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8353. Philippine Law. Approved: September 30, 1997
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↑  "Asia-Pacific | Thailand passes marital rape bill". BBC News. 2007-06-21. Retrieved 2014-02-12.
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↑  Search (2011-03-14). "Rape & Sexual Assault | AWARE Singapore". Aware.org.sg. Retrieved 2014-02-12.
1 2  Kulick, Don (2003). "No". Language & Communication. 23 (2): 139–151. doi:10.1016/S0271-5309(02)00043-5. ISSN 0271-5309.
↑  "Feminist Perspectives on Rape". Mens rea. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 2017.
↑  WHO (23 November 2012). "Violence against women". who.int. World Health Organization. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
↑  Oliva, Janet R. Sexually Motivated Crimes: Understanding the Profile of the Sex Offender and Applying Theory to Practice. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2013.Pg 72
↑  Oliva, Janet R. Sexually Motivated Crimes: Understanding the Profile of the Sex Offender and Applying Theory to Practice. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2013.Pg 72
↑  Thornhill, Randy; Palmer, Craig T. (2000). A natural history of rape biological bases of sexual coercion. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 978-1-282-09687-5.
↑  Pinker, Steven (2003), "Chapter 19: children", in Pinker, Steven (ed.), The blank slate: the modern denial of human nature, London: Penguin Group, pp. 372–399, ISBN 978-1-101-20032-2.
↑  Lisak, David; Miller, Paul M. (February 2002). "Repeat rape and multiple offending among undetected rapists". Violence & Victims.
↑  Lisak, David (March–April 2011). "Understanding the predatory nature of sexual violence". Sexual Assault Report. 14 (4): 49–64. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
↑  Petty GM, Dawson B (1989). "Sexual aggression in normal men: incidence, beliefs and personality characteristics". Personality and Individual Differences. 10 (3): 355–362. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(89)90109-8.
↑  Ouimette PC, Riggs D (1998). "Testing a mediational model of sexually aggressive behavior in nonincarcerated perpetrators". Violence and Victims. 13 (2): 117–130. doi:10.1891/0886-6708.13.2.117. PMID 9809392.
↑  Borowsky IW, Hogan M, Ireland M (1997). "Adolescent sexual aggression: risk and protective factors". Pediatrics. 100 (6): E7. doi:10.1542/peds.100.6.e7. PMID 9382908.
↑  Jenkins C. Sexual behavior in Papua New Guinea. In: Report of the Third Annual Meeting of the International Network on Violence Against Women, January 1998. Washington, DC, International Network on Violence Against Women, 1998.
↑  Nobel committee shines a spotlight on rape in conflict". The Economist Magazine. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
↑  "Crying Meri". Vlad Sokhin. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
1 2  Krug (2002). Rapport mondial sur la violence et la santé(PDF). Genève: Organisation mondiale de la santé. ISBN 978-92-4-154561-7.
1 2  Long, Jennifer (2016). "Introducing expert testimony to explain victim behavior in sexual and domestic violence prosecutions" (PDF). NDAA.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-29.
1 2 3 4  "Victim Responses to Sexual Assault: Counterintuitive or Simply Adaptive". www.ncjrs.gov. Retrieved 2017-09-09.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12  Mason, F; Lodrick, Z (February 2013). "Psychological consequences of sexual assault". Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 27 (1): 27–37. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.08.015. PMID 23182852.
↑  Note: One of the authors of the "Psychological consequences of sexual assault" article describes what she means by "friend" and "flop" in an article:  Friend: "Friend is the earliest defensive strategy available to us..... Throughout life when fearful most humans will activate their social engagement system (Porges, 1995).... The social engagement system, or friend response to threat, is evident in the child who smiles or even laughs when being chastised." Flop: "Flop occurs if, and when, the freeze mechanism fails.... The survival purpose of the flop state is evident: if ‘impact’ is going to occur the likelihood of surviving it will be increased if the body yields, and psychologically, in the short-term at least, the situation will be more bearable if the higher brain functions are ‘offline’."
↑  Bracha, H. Stefan (September 2004). "Freeze, Flight, Fight, Fright, Faint: Adaptationist Perspectives on the Acute Stress Response Spectrum" (PDF). CNS Spectrums. 9 (9): 679–685. doi:10.1017/S1092852900001954. ISSN 2165-6509. PMID 15337864.
1 2 3  McLean, IA (February 2013). "The male victim of sexual assault". Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 27 (1): 39–46. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.08.006. PMID 22951768.
↑  Chivers, ML; Seto, MC; Lalumière, ML; Laan, E; Grimbos, T (February 2010). "Agreement of self-reported and genital measures of sexual arousal in men and women: a meta-analysis". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 39 (1): 5–56. doi:10.1007/s10508-009-9556-9. PMC 2811244. PMID 20049519.
↑  Levin, RJ; van Berlo, W (April 2004). "Sexual arousal and orgasm in subjects who experience forced or non-consensual sexual stimulation – a review". Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine. 11 (2): 82–8. doi:10.1016/j.jcfm.2003.10.008. PMID 15261004.
↑  Hoffman, Barbara; et al. (2016). Williams Gynecology (3rd ed.). McGraw Hill Professional. ISBN 9780071849098.
↑  Jina, R; Thomas, LS (February 2013). "Health consequences of sexual violence against women". Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 27 (1): 15–26. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.08.012. PMID 22975432.
↑  Guidelines for the prevention and management of vicarious trauma among researchers of sexual and intimate partner violence" (PDF). Sexual Violence Research Initiative. 2015.
↑  Walker, G (August 2015). "The (in)significance of genital injury in rape and sexual assault". Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 34: 173–8. doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2015.06.007. PMID 26165680.
↑  Kennedy, K. M. (2012). "The Relationship of Victim Injury to the Progression of Sexual Crimes through the Criminal Justice System". Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 19 (6): 309–311. doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2012.04.033. hdl:10147/266322. PMID 22847045.
↑  Wolff, Craig (August 22, 1994). "Rapists and Condoms; Is Use a Cavalier Act or a Way to Avoid Disease and Arrest?". New York Times.
1 2  Kimura, Seiji (2013). Physical and emotional abuse triggers, short and long-term consequences and prevention methods. Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. ISBN 9781624174469.
↑  "Sexual Violence and HIV". Sexual Violence Research Initiative. Archived from the original on 2013-02-18. Retrieved 2013-02-03.
↑  South African men rape babies as 'cure' for Aids". The Daily Telegraph. November 11, 2001
↑  Jenny, Carole (2010). Child Abuse and Neglect: Diagnosis, Treatment and Evidence — Expert Consult. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 187. ISBN 978-1-4377-3621-2.
↑  Klot, Jennifer; Monica Kathina Juma (2011). HIV/AIDS, Gender, Human Security and Violence in Southern Africa. Pretoria: Africa Institute of South Africa. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-7983-0253-1.
↑  "HIV/AIDS, the stats, the Virgin Cure and infant rape". Science in Africa. 2002-01-25. Archived from the original on 2012-01-15. Retrieved 2013-02-03.
↑  "In the current South African case, this claim is predicated on racist assumptions about the amorality of African men..."
↑  Pauwels, B. (2002). "Blaming the victim of rape: The culpable control model perspective." Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 63(5-B).
1 2  Grubb, Amy; Turner, Emily (2012-09-01). "Attribution of blame in rape cases: A review of the impact of rape myth acceptance, gender role conformity and substance use on victim blaming". Aggression and Violent Behavior. 17 (5): 443–452. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2012.06.002.
↑  Abrahms D.; Viky G.; Masser B.; Gerd B. (2003). "Perceptions of stranger and acquaintance rape: The role of benevolent and hostile sexism in victim blame and rape proclivity". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 84 (1): 111–125. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.111. PMID 12518974.
↑  "Attitudes to sexual violence". 2005-02-05. Archived from the original on 2005-02-05. Retrieved 2010-12-31.
1 2  Amy M. Buddie; Arthur G. Miller (2001). "Beyond Rape Myths: A more complex view of perceptions of rape victims". Sex Roles. 45 (3/4): 139–160.
↑  Neumann, S., Gang Rape: Examining Peer Support and Alcohol in Fraternities. Sex Crimes and Paraphilias
↑  Joan Z. Spade; Catherine G. Valentine (10 December 2007). The kaleidoscope of gender: prisms, patterns, and possibilities. Pine Forge Press. ISBN 978-1-4129-5146-3. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
↑  "EMMA — Most Londoners Believe Rape Victims are to Blame". Emmainteractive.com. Retrieved 2012-08-24.
↑  Xue J, Fang G, Huang H, Cui N, Rhodes KV, Gelles R. Rape myths and the cross-cultural adaptation of the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale in China. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2016 5. [Epub ahead of print]. DOI: 10.1177/0886260516651315
↑  "BBC News — Morocco protest after raped Amina Filali kills herself". BBC News. 2012-03-15. Retrieved 2013-02-03.
↑  Pelzer، Nils (2014). "Victims of Victims: Will Good Samaritan Laws Put Things Right?". SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.2497446. ISSN:1556-5068. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16.
↑  "Contemplating Careers: Victim Advocate". 2015. DOI:10.4135/9781506374178. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: الاستشهاد بدورية محكمة يطلب |دورية محكمة= (مساعدة) و|archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
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↑  Kennedy، Kieran M. (2013-07). "Heterogeneity of existing research relating to sexual violence, sexual assault and rape precludes meta-analysis of injury data". Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. ج. 20 ع. 5: 447–459. DOI:10.1016/j.jflm.2013.02.002. ISSN:1752-928X. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
1 2 3  Hockett، Jericho M.؛ Saucier، Donald A. (2015-11). "A systematic literature review of "rape victims" versus "rape survivors": Implications for theory, research, and practice". Aggression and Violent Behavior. ج. 25: 1–14. DOI:10.1016/j.avb.2015.07.003. ISSN:1359-1789. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
↑  Linden، J. A (1 مايو 2002). "HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis in Victims of Sexual Assault". Academic Emergency Medicine. ج. 9 ع. 5: 468–a-468. DOI:10.1197/aemj.9.5.468-a. ISSN:1069-6563. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-13.
↑  Vincent J.؛ Markovchick، Nadia S. (2011). Emergency Medicine Secrets. Elsevier. ص. 120–123. ISBN:978-0-323-07167-3. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  "Levin, David Saul, (born 28 Jan. 1962), Chief Executive, McGraw-Hill Education, New York, since 2014". Who's Who. Oxford University Press. 1 ديسمبر 2007. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-07.
↑  Williams' gynecology. ISBN:978-0-07-184908-1. OCLC:969397974. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  Violence against women. Greenhaven Press. 2004. ISBN:0-7377-2041-7. OCLC:894787139. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  Bhagat، Priyanka؛ Kamath، Rajesh؛ D'souza، Bryal؛ Kamath، Sagarika؛ Kamath، Rohan (2018). "Awareness among Doctors of a Medical College in southern India of Guidelines and Protocols for Medico-Legal Care for survivors/Victims of sexual Violence". Medico-Legal Update. ج. 18 ع. 2: 117. DOI:10.5958/0974-1283.2018.00141.x. ISSN:0971-720X. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  M.، J.-M. (2018-02). "Responding to children and adolescents who have been sexually abused, WHO clinical guidelines". Revue Francophone des Laboratoires. ج. 2018 ع. 499: 10. DOI:10.1016/s1773-035x(18)30043-1. ISSN:1773-035X. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
↑  Schmid، R. (2014-11). "The Cost-Effectiveness of Emergency Hormonal Contraception With Ulipristal Acetate Versus Levonorgestrel for Minors in France". Value in Health. ج. 17 ع. 7: A510. DOI:10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1564. ISSN:1098-3015. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
↑  Blumenthal، Paul D. (2015-11). "Mifepristone With Buccal Misoprostol for Medical Abortion". Obstetrics & Gynecology. ج. 126 ع. 5: 1107. DOI:10.1097/aog.0000000000001119. ISSN:0029-7844. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
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1 2  Dalton، Maureen، المحرر (2014). "Forensic Gynaecology". DOI:10.1017/cbo9781107585812. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: الاستشهاد بدورية محكمة يطلب |دورية محكمة= (مساعدة)
↑  Nelson essentials of pediatrics (ط. Seventh edition). Philadelphia, PA. ISBN:978-1-4557-5980-4. OCLC:859581120. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة) و|طبعة= يحتوي على نص زائد (مساعدة)
↑  "Antiretroviral Postexposure Prophylaxis After Sexual, Injection-Drug Use, or Other Nonoccupational Exposure to HIV in the United States: Recommendations from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services". PsycEXTRA Dataset. 2005. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-13. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-11-29.
↑  Baarda، Benjamin I.؛ Sikora، Aleksandra E. (26 أكتوبر 2015). "Proteomics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: the treasure hunt for countermeasures against an old disease". Frontiers in Microbiology. ج. 6. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01190. ISSN:1664-302X. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16.{{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: دوي مجاني غير معلم (link)
↑  "Sexual Assault, Sexual Harassment, Child Sexual Assault". dx.doi.org. 1 يناير 1987. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-11-29. {{استشهاد ويب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
1 2  The sexual abuse victim and sexual offender treatment planner, with DSM 5 updates. Hoboken, New Jersey. ISBN:978-1-119-07479-3. OCLC:915562361. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  Sex offenders : identification, risk assessment, treatment, and legal issues. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN:978-0-19-517704-6. OCLC:313063509. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  Smothers، Melissa Kraemer؛ Smothers، D. Brian (2011-11). "A Sexual Assault Primary Prevention Model with Diverse Urban Youth". Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. ج. 20 ع. 6: 708–727. DOI:10.1080/10538712.2011.622355. ISSN:1053-8712. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
↑  Foubert، John D. (2000-01). "The Longitudinal Effects of a Rape-prevention Program on Fraternity Men's Attitudes, Behavioral Intent, and Behavior". Journal of American College Health. ج. 48 ع. 4: 158–163. DOI:10.1080/07448480009595691. ISSN:0744-8481. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
↑  Vladutiu، Catherine J.؛ Martin، Sandra L.؛ Macy، Rebecca J. (31 ديسمبر 2010). "College- or University-Based Sexual Assault Prevention Programs: A Review of Program Outcomes, Characteristics, and Recommendations". Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. ج. 12 ع. 2: 67–86. DOI:10.1177/1524838010390708. ISSN:1524-8380. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  Yeater، E (1999-11). "Sexual assault prevention programs Current issues, future directions, and the potential efficacy of interventions with women". Clinical Psychology Review. ج. 19 ع. 7: 739–771. DOI:10.1016/s0272-7358(98)00075-0. ISSN:0272-7358. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
↑  Garrity، Stacy E. (2011-03). "Sexual assault prevention programs for college-aged men: A critical evaluation". Journal of Forensic Nursing. ج. 7 ع. 1: 40–48. DOI:10.1111/j.1939-3938.2010.01094.x. ISSN:1556-3693. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ= (مساعدة)
↑  Sorenson، Susan B.؛ Joshi، Manisha؛ Sivitz، Elizabeth (14 أكتوبر 2013). "Knowing a Sexual Assault Victim or Perpetrator". Journal of Interpersonal Violence. ج. 29 ع. 3: 394–416. DOI:10.1177/0886260513505206. ISSN:0886-2605. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16.
↑  Marcelo F. International Crime and Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ص. 471–477. ISBN:978-0-511-76211-6. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-16.
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