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The Indochinese tiger is distributed in Myanmar, Thailand and Laos. Its historical range also included Cambodia, China and Vietnam. Results of a جغرافيا الأعراق study using 134 tiger samples across the global range suggest that the historical northwestern distribution limit of the Indochinese tiger is the region in the تشيتاجونج هيل تراكتس and نهر براهمابوترا basin, bordering the range of the Bengal tiger.
In Myanmar, surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2002, confirming the presence of tigers in the Hukawng Valley، Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary and in two small areas in the منطقة تانينثاري. The Tenasserim Hills is an important area, but forests are harvested there. In 2015, tigers were recorded by camera traps for the first time in the hill forests of ولاية كايين. Camera trap surveys between 2016 and 2018 revealed about 22 adult individuals in three sites that represent 8% of potential tiger habitat in the country.
More than half of the total Indochinese tiger population survives in the Western Forest Complex in Thailand, especially in the area of the Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary. This habitat consists of tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests. Camera trap surveys from 2008 to 2017 in eastern Thailand detected about 17 adult tigers in an area of 4,445 كـم2 (1,716 ميل2) in مجمع دونغ فايايين كاو ياي الحرجي. Several individuals had cubs. The population density in Thap Lan National Park، Pang Sida National Park and Dong Yai Wildlife Sanctuary was estimated at 0.32–1.21 individuals per 100 كـم2 (39 ميل2). Three subadult tigers were photographed in spring 2020 in a remote region of Thailand that are thought to be dispersing.
In Laos, 14 tigers were documented in Nam Et-Phou Louey National Protected Area during surveys from 2013 to 2017 covering four blocks of about 200 كـم2 (77 ميل2) semi-evergreen and evergreen forest that are interspersed with some patches of grassland.
In eastern Cambodia, tigers were last recorded in Mondulkiri Protected Forest and Virachey National Park during surveys between 1999 and 2007.
From the 1960s and earlier, the Indochinese tiger occurred throughout the mountains in Vietnam, even in the midlands and Islands. In the report of the Government of Vietnam at the Tiger Forum in 2004, there would be tiger only in 17 provinces and they are living in fragmented and severely degraded forest areas. Tigers were still present in 14 protected areas in the 1990s, but none has not been recorded in the country since 1997.
Population of tigers in Laos and Vietnam has declined significantly, according to the global census of tigers in 2016, there are only 2 left in Laos and less than 5 in Vietnam only. There is news of its extinction in both countries. In Laos, no tiger has been seen since 2013, when its populations were estimated at only two, and these two individuals simply vanished shortly after 2013 from Nam Et-Phou Louey National Protected Area, denoting they were most likely killed either by snare or gun. In Vietnam, a 2014 القائمة الحمراء للأنواع المهددة بالانقراض report indicated that tigers possibly extinct in Vietnam.
In China, it occurred historically in يونان province and Mêdog County, where it probably does not survive any more today. Thus, probably the Indochinese tiger now only survives in Thailand and Myanmar. In Yunnan's Shangyong Nature Reserve, three individuals were detected during surveys carried out from 2004 to 2009.