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↑  Reddy, Deme Raja (2014). "The Emergence and Spread of Coins in Ancient India". In Bernholz, Peter; Vaubel, Roland (eds.). Explaining Monetary and Financial Innovation. Financial and Monetary Policy Studies (بالإنجليزية). Springer International Publishing. Vol. 39. pp. 53–77. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-06109-2_4. ISBN:978-3-319-06109-2. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |صحيفة= تُجوهل (help)
↑  Jafri, Saiyid Zaheer Husain (2012). Recording the Progress of Indian History: Symposia Papers of the Indian History Congress, 1992-2010 (بالإنجليزية). Primus Books. p. 412. ISBN:978-93-80607-28-3. Archived from the original on 2023-07-16.
↑  Chattopadhyaya، B. D. (2008). "D D Kosambi and the Study of Early Indian Coins". Economic and Political Weekly. ج. 43 ع. 30: 97–102. ISSN:0012-9976. JSTOR:40277774.
↑  Fábri، C. L. (1935). "The Punch-Marked Coins: A Survival of the Indus Civilization". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. ج. 67 ع. 2: 307–318. DOI:10.1017/S0035869X00086482. ISSN:0035-869X. JSTOR:25201111. S2CID:162603638.
↑  Bajpai, K. D. (Oct 2004). Indian Numismatic Studies (بالإنجليزية). Abhinav Publications. ISBN:978-81-7017-035-8. Archived from the original on 2023-08-20.
↑  Gupta، Paresh Chandra Das (1962). Excavations at Pandu Rajar Dhibi. ص. 33.
↑  Kumar، Krishna (1992). "The Silver Plates of the Gungeria Hoard: Their Monetary Significance". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. ج. 35 ع. 1: 72–94. DOI:10.2307/3632688. ISSN:0022-4995. JSTOR:3632688.
↑  Allchin، F. R. (1964). "An Inscribed Weight from Mathurā". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. ج. 7 ع. 2: 201–205. DOI:10.2307/3596241. ISSN:0022-4995. JSTOR:3596241.
↑  Hemmy، A. S. (1937). "The Weight Standards of Ancient Indian Coins". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. ج. 69 ع. 1: 1–26. DOI:10.1017/S0035869X00096106. ISSN:0035-869X. JSTOR:25201443. S2CID:163304500.
↑  "Ratti, State Bank of Pakistan".
↑  Mookerji, Chandragupta Maurya and His Times 1966، صفحة 212.
↑  Mukherjee, Money and Social Changes in India 2012، صفحة 412.
↑  McIntosh, Jane (2008). The Ancient Indus Valley: New Perspectives (بالإنجليزية). ABC-CLIO. pp. 345–346. ISBN:978-1-57607-907-2. Archived from the original on 2023-07-16.
1 2  "British Museum notice. Asia, G33 South Asia". 21 فبراير 2018.
1 2 3  Dhavalikar, M. K. (1975), "The beginning of coinage in India", World Archaeology, 6 (3): 330-338, Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
↑  Bivar، A. D. H. (1971). "A Hoard of Ingot-Currency of the Median Period from Nūsh-i Jān, near Malayir". Iran. ج. 9: 97–111. DOI:10.2307/4300441. ISSN:0578-6967. JSTOR:4300441. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-11-07.
↑  Cribb، Joe (2003). "The Origins of the Indian Coinage Tradition". South Asian Studies. ج. 19 ع. 1: 1–19. DOI:10.1080/02666030.2003.9628617. ISSN:0266-6030. S2CID:191453065. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-06-10.
↑  Cribb, Joe. Investigating the introduction of coinage in India- a review of recent research, Journal of the Numismatic Society of India xlv (Varanasi 1983), pp.95-101 (بالإنجليزية). pp. 85–86. Archived from the original on 2023-07-05.
1 2  Goyal، Shankar (2000). "Historiography of the Punch-Marked Coins". Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. ج. 81 ع. 1/4: 153–168. ISSN:0378-1143. JSTOR:41694610.
↑  Goyal، Shankar (2000). "Historiography of the Punch-Marked Coins". Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. ج. 81 ع. 1/4: 153–168. ISSN:0378-1143. JSTOR:41694610. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-02-15.
↑  Goyal، Shankar (2000). "Historiography of the Punch-Marked Coins". Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. ج. 81 ع. 1/4: 153–168. ISSN:0378-1143. JSTOR:41694610.Goyal, Shankar (2000). "Historiography of the Punch-Marked Coins". Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. 81 (1/4): 153–168. ISSN 0378-1143. JSTOR 41694610.
↑  Cunningham, Coins of Ancient India 1891، صفحات 22–23.
↑  Bopearachchi & Cribb, Coins illustrating the History of the Crossroads of Asia 1992، صفحات 57–59: "The most important and informative of these hoards is the Chaman Hazouri hoard from Kabul discovered in 1933, which contained royal Achaemenid sigloi from the western part of the Achaemenid Empire, together with a large number of Greek coins dating from the fifth and early fourth century BC, including a local imitation of an Athenian tetradrachm, all apparently taken from circulation in the region."
↑  Bopearachchi & Cribb, Coins illustrating the History of the Crossroads of Asia 1992، صفحات 56–57: "In the same hoard there were also discovered two series of local silver coins which appear to be the product of the local Achaemenid administration. One series (no. 8) was made in the same way as the Greek coins in the hoard, but with novel designs of local origin, and the other (no. 9) had similar local design but made in a new way, which relates it to the silver punch-marked coins of India. It appears that it was these local coins, using technology adapted from Greek coins, which provided the prototypes for punch-marked coins, the earliest coins made in India." NB: Series No.8 refers to the cup-shaped coins, series no. 9 refers to the bent-bar punch-marked coins presented in this article.
↑  Bopearachchi, Osmund. Coin Production and Circulation in Central Asia and North-West India (Before and after Alexander's Conquest) (بالإنجليزية). pp. 300–301. Archived from the original on 2024-12-07.
↑  "US Department of Defense". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-06-10. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-07-29.
↑  Errington, Elizabeth; Trust, Ancient India and Iran; Museum, Fitzwilliam (1992). The Crossroads of Asia: transformation in image and symbol in the art of ancient Afghanistan and Pakistan (بالإنجليزية). Ancient India and Iran Trust. pp. 57–59. ISBN:9780951839911. Archived from the original on 2024-04-04.
↑  Bopearachchi, Osmund. Coin Production and Circulation in Central Asia and North-West India (Before and after Alexander's Conquest) (بالإنجليزية). pp. 308–. Archived from the original on 2024-12-07.
↑  "The Greeks of India". www.suvarnamohur.com (بالإنجليزية). Retrieved 2018-11-11.
↑  "CNG Coins". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-25. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-09-13.
↑  Cunningham, Alexander (Dec 1996). Coins of Ancient India: From the Earliest Times Down to the Seventh Century A. D. (بالإنجليزية). Asian Educational Services. ISBN:9788120606067. Archived from the original on 2023-08-20.
↑  HARDAKER، TERRY R. (1975). "The origins of coinage in northern India". The Numismatic Chronicle. ج. 15: 200–203. JSTOR:42666515.
1 2  Cribb, Joe. Investigating the introduction of coinage in India- a review of recent research, Journal of the Numismatic Society of India xlv (Varanasi 1983), pp.95-101 (بالإنجليزية). pp. 85–86. Archived from the original on 2023-07-05.Cribb, Joe. Investigating the introduction of coinage in India- a review of recent research, Journal of the Numismatic Society of India xlv (Varanasi 1983), pp.95-101. pp. 85–86.
↑  Page، John E. (1996). "Response to 'Punched marked coins - approaches to new research' by Joe Cribb". Oriental Numismatic Society Letter: 148. ISBN:9781136176418. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-08-20.
↑  Bajpai, K. D. (2004). Indian Numismatic Studies (بالإنجليزية). Abhinav Publications. ISBN:9788170170358. Archived from the original on 2023-08-20.
↑  Śrīrāma Goyala (1994). The Coinage of Ancient India. Kusumanjali Prakashan. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-08-16.
↑  "Puranas or Punch-Marked Coins (circa 600 BC – circa 300 AD)". Government Museum Chhennai. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2007-09-06.
↑  Gupta، Paresh Chandra Das (1962). Excavations at Pandu Rajar Dhibi. ص. 81–82.
↑  Sharma، G. R. (1960). Excavations At Kausambi (1957-59). The department of ancient history cultureand Archaeology, University of Allahabad. ص. 80–81.
↑  Page، John E. (1996). "Response to 'Punched marked coins - approaches to new research' by Joe Cribb". Oriental Numismatic Society Letter: 148. ISBN:9781136176418. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-08-20.Page, John E. (1996). "Response to 'Punched marked coins - approaches to new research' by Joe Cribb". Oriental Numismatic Society Letter: 148. ISBN 9781136176418.
↑  Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century (بالإنجليزية). Pearson Education India. p. 52. ISBN:978-81-317-1120-0. Archived from the original on 2023-08-20.
↑  Chakrabarty, Dilip K. (26 Aug 2009). India: An Archaeological History: Palaeolithic Beginnings to Early Historic Foundations (بالإنجليزية). Oxford University Press. ISBN:9780199088140. Archived from the original on 2023-08-20.
↑  "The COININDIA Coin Galleries: Surashtra Janapada". coinindia.com. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-08-16.
↑  Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century (بالإنجليزية). Pearson Education India. p. 52. ISBN:978-81-317-1120-0. Archived from the original on 2023-08-20.Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century. Pearson Education India. p. 52. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0.
↑  Cunningham، Alexander (1891). Coins of Ancient India from the Earliest Times Down to the Seventh Century A.D. ص. 62.
↑  Bhandarkar، D. R. Lectures on Ancient Indian Numismatics. ص. 89–90.
↑  Errington, Elizabeth; Trust, Ancient India and Iran; Museum, Fitzwilliam (1992). The Crossroads of Asia: transformation in image and symbol in the art of ancient Afghanistan and Pakistan (بالإنجليزية). Ancient India and Iran Trust. pp. 57–59. ISBN:9780951839911. Archived from the original on 2024-04-04.Errington, Elizabeth; Trust, Ancient India and Iran; Museum, Fitzwilliam (1992). The Crossroads of Asia: transformation in image and symbol in the art of ancient Afghanistan and Pakistan. Ancient India and Iran Trust. pp. 57–59. ISBN 9780951839911.
↑  Gupta, Parmanand (1989). Geography from Ancient Indian Coins & Seals (بالإنجليزية). Concept Publishing Company. p. 158. ISBN:978-81-7022-248-4. Archived from the original on 2023-08-20.
↑  Bernholz, Peter; Vaubel, Roland (26 Jun 2014). Explaining Monetary and Financial Innovation: A Historical Analysis (بالإنجليزية). Springer. p. 68. ISBN:978-3-319-06109-2. Archived from the original on 2023-06-04.
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