ترفيد (علاقات دولية)
مراجع

↑  "tribute noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes - Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com". www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-02-05. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-05-06.
↑  Lockard، Craig A. (2007). Societies, Networks, and Transitions: A Global History: To 1500. Cengage Learning. ص. 315. ISBN:0-618-38612-2. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-15.
↑  كتاب هان اللاحق, "會稽海外有東鯷人 分爲二十餘國"
↑  Yoda, Yoshiie؛ Radtke, Kurt Werner (1996). The foundations of Japan's modernization: a comparison with China's path towards modernization. Brill Publishers. ص. 40–41. ISBN:90-04-09999-9. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-04. King Na was awarded the seal of the Monarch of the Kingdom of Wa during the Chinese Han Dynasty, and هيميكو, who had sent a tribute mission to the مملكة تساو واي (third century), was followed by the five kings of Wa who also offered to the Wei. This evidence points to the fact that at this period Japan was inside the Chinese tribute system. Japanese missions to the Sui (581-604) and Tang Dynasties were recognized by the Chinese as bearers of imperial tribute; however in the middle of ninth century - the early Heian period - Japan rescinded the sending missions to the Tang Empire. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |عمل= تُجوهل (مساعدة)
↑  Mizuno Norihito (2003). "China in Tokugawa Foreign Relations: The Tokugawa Bakufu's Perception of and Attitudes toward Ming-Qing China" (PDF). Ohio State University. ص. 109. مؤرشف (PDF) من الأصل في 2008-09-08. It was not that Japan, as China's neighbor, had had nothing to do with or been indifferent to hierarchical international relations when seeking relationships with China or the constituents of the Chinese world order. It had sporadically paid tribute to Chinese dynasties in ancient and medieval times but had usually not been a regular vassal state of China. It had obviously been one of the countries most reluctant to participate in the مركزية صينية world order. Japan did not identify itself as a vassal state of China during most of its history, no matter how China saw it.
↑  ≪삼국사기≫에 의하면 32년(고구려 대무신왕 15)에 후한으로 사신을 보내어 조공을 바치니 후한의 광무제(光武帝)가 왕호를 회복시켜주었다는 기록이 있다 («Tang» 32 years, according to (Goguryeo Daemusin 15) sent ambassadors to the generous tribute to the Emperor Guangwu of Han Emperor in abundance (光武帝) gave evidence that can restore wanghoreul -- Google translation?)
↑  Pratt، Keith L.؛ Rutt، Richard؛ Hoare، James (1999). Korea: a historical and cultural dictionary. Routledge. ص. 482. ISBN:0-7007-0463-9. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-15.
↑  "War, Rebellion, and Intervention under Hierarchy: Vietnam–China Relations, 1365 to 1841". Journal of Conflict Resolution. DOI:10.1177/0022002718772345.
↑  Gambe, Annabelle R. Overseas Chinese Entrepreneurship and Capitalist Development in Southeast Asia (بالإنجليزية). LIT Verlag Münster. p. 99. ISBN:9783825843861. Archived from the original on 2019-12-18. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
↑  Seed، Patricia (1995). Ceremonies of Possession in Europe's Conquest of the New World, 1492-1640. Cambridge University Press. ص. 80–1. ISBN:0-521-49757-4.
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بوابة علاقات دولية