متلازمة توريت
مراجع

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↑  Medication trade names may differ between countries. In general, this article uses North American trade names.
↑  Bloch, State, Pittenger 2011. See also Schapiro NA. "Dude, you don't have Tourette's:" Tourette's syndrome, beyond the tics. Pediatr Nurs. 2002 May–Jun;28(3):243–46, 249–53. ببمد: 12087644 Full text (free registration required). نسخة محفوظة 12 أغسطس 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
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↑  Dutta N, Cavanna AE. The effectiveness of habit reversal therapy in the treatment of Tourette syndrome and other chronic tic disorders: a systematic review. نسخة محفوظة 4 أكتوبر 2013 على موقع واي باك مشين. Funct Neurol. 2013 Jan–Mar;28(1):7–12. ببمد: 23731910 "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-07-08. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-09-05.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
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↑  Statement: Deep Brain Stimulation and Tourette Syndrome. Tourette Syndrome Association  ‏. Retrieved on February 26, 2005. نسخة محفوظة 20 مارس 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
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↑  What is Tourette Syndrome? Tourette Syndrome Foundation of Canada. Retrieved on July 2, 2013. نسخة محفوظة 20 مارس 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
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↑  Leckman JF  ‏، دونالد جاي كوهين Tourette's Syndrome—Tics, Obsessions, Compulsions: Developmental Psychopathology and Clinical Care. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 1999:37. (ردمك 0-471-16037-7) Google books. "For example, individuals who were misunderstood and punished at home and at school for their tics or who were teased mercilessly by peers and stigmatized by their communities will fare worse than a child whose interpersonal environment was more understanding and supportive." نسخة محفوظة 03 مايو 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  دونالد جاي كوهين, Leckman JF, Pauls D. "Neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood: Tourette’s syndrome as a model". Acta Paediatr Suppl 422; 106–11, Scandinavian University Press, 1997. "The individuals with TS who do the best, we believe, are: those who have been able to feel relatively good about themselves and remain close to their families; those who have the capacity for humor and for friendship; those who are less burdened by troubles with attention and behavior, particularly aggression; and those who have not had development derailed by medication."
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↑  Bloch, State, Pittenger 2011. See also Zohar AH, Apter A, King RA, et al. "Epidemiological studies". In Leckman JF, Cohen DJ. Tourette's Syndrome—Tics, Obsessions, Compulsions: Developmental Psychopathology and Clinical Care. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 1999:177–92. (ردمك 0-471-16037-7)
↑  Bloch, State, Pittenger 2011. See also Schapiro 2002 and Coffey BJ, Park KS. "Behavioral and emotional aspects of Tourette syndrome". Neurol Clin. 1997 May;15(2):277–89. ببمد: 9115461
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↑  What is Tourette syndrome? Tourette Syndrome Association  ‏. Retrieved on January 14, 2012. نسخة محفوظة 20 مارس 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
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↑  Gadow KD, Sverd J. "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, chronic tic disorder, and methylphenidate". Adv Neurol. 2006;99:197–207. ببمد: 16536367
↑  Walkup JT, Ferrão Y, Leckman JF, Stein DJ, Singer H. "Tic disorders: some key issues for DSM-V". Depress Anxiety. 2010 Jun;27(6):600–10. دُوِي:10.1002/da.20711 ببمد: 20533370 نسخة محفوظة 04 أبريل 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Walkup, JT, Mink, JW, Hollenback, PJ, (eds). Advances in Neurology, Tourette syndrome. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA. 2006;99:xvi–xviii. (ردمك 0-7817-9970-8) Google books. نسخة محفوظة 03 مايو 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  أوليفر ساكس. الرجل الذي حسب زوجته قبعة. Harper and Row, New York. 1985:92–100. (ردمك 0-684-85394-9)
↑  Leckman JF, Cohen DJ. Tourette's Syndrome—Tics, Obsessions, Compulsions: Developmental Psychopathology and Clinical Care. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 1999:408. (ردمك 0-471-16037-7)
↑  Leckman JF, Cohen DJ. Tourette's Syndrome—Tics, Obsessions, Compulsions: Developmental Psychopathology and Clinical Care. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 1999:18–19, 148–151; 408. (ردمك 0-471-16037-7)
↑  Schuerholz LJ, Baumgardner TL, Singer HS, et al. "Neuropsychological status of children with Tourette's syndrome with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder". Neurology. 1996 Apr;46(4):958–65. ببمد: 8780072
↑  Schuerholz LJ, Cutting L, Mazzocco MM, et al. "Neuromotor functioning in children with Tourette syndrome with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder". J Child Neurol. 1997 Oct;12(7):438–42. ببمد: 9373800
↑  Portraits of adults with TS. Tourette Syndrome Association  ‏. Retrieved from July 16, 2011 archive.org version on December 21, 2011.
↑  Samuel Johnson. Tourette Syndrome Association  ‏. Retrieved from April 7, 2005 archive.org version on December 30, 2011. نسخة محفوظة 20 مارس 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Pearce JM. "Doctor Samuel Johnson: 'the great convulsionary' a victim of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 1994 Jul;87(7):396–9. ببمد: 8046726 نسخة محفوظة 20 مارس 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Keilman, John. Reviews: The Game of Our Lives by David Goldblatt, The Keeper by Tim Howard. Chicago Tribune. January 22, 2015. Retrieved on March 21, 2015. نسخة محفوظة 30 ديسمبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Tim Howard receives first-ever Champion of Hope Award from the National Tourette Syndrome Association. نسخة محفوظة March 30, 2015, على موقع واي باك مشين. Tourette Syndrome Association. October 14, 2014. Retrieved on March 21, 2015.
↑  Simkin B. "Mozart's scatological disorder". BMJ. 1992 Dec 19–26;305(6868):1563–7. ببمد: 1286388 Also see: Simkin, Benjamin. Medical and Musical Byways of Mozartiana. Fithian Press. 2001. (ردمك 1-56474-349-7) Review, Retrieved on May 14, 2007. نسخة محفوظة 31 يناير 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
1 2  Did Mozart really have TS? Tourette Syndrome Association  ‏. Retrieved from April 7, 2005 archive.org version on December 30, 2011. نسخة محفوظة 20 مارس 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Voss H. The representation of movement disorders in fictional literature. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Oct;83(10):994–9. ببمد: 22752692 دُوِي:10.1136/jnnp-2012-302716
↑  Holtgren, Bruce. "Truth about Tourette's not what you think". سينسيناتي (صحيفة). January 11, 2006. "As medical problems go, Tourette's is, except in the most severe cases, about the most minor imaginable thing to have. ... the freak-show image, unfortunately, still prevails overwhelmingly. The blame for the warped perceptions lies overwhelmingly with the video media – the Internet, movies and TV. If you search for 'Tourette' on Google or YouTube, you'll get a gazillion hits that almost invariably show the most outrageously extreme examples of motor and vocal tics. Television, with notable exceptions such as Oprah, has sensationalized Tourette's so badly, for so long, that it seems beyond hope that most people will ever know the more prosaic truth."
↑ US media:
Oprah and Dr. Laura – Conflicting Messages on Tourette Syndrome. Oprah Educates; Dr. Laura Fosters Myth of TS as "Cursing Disorder". Tourette Syndrome Association  ‏. May 31, 2001. Retrieved from October 6, 2001 archive.org version on December 21, 2011.
Letter of response to Dr. Phil. Tourette Syndrome Association. Retrieved from August 31, 2008 archive.org version on December 21, 2011.
Letter of response to Garrison Keillor radio show. Tourette Syndrome Association. Retrieved from February 7, 2009 archive.org version on December 21, 2011. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-20. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-06-06.
↑ UK media:
Guldberg, Helene. Stop celebrating Tourette's. Spiked. May 26, 2006. Retrieved on December 26, 2006. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-03-14. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2022-11-17.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
أمثلة للعرات الحركية
أجزاء الدماغ التشريحية المصابة في متلازمة توريت
كلونيدين (أو لصاقات الكلونيدين) هي واحدة من الأدوية التي يتم استخدامها أولاً عند الحاجة إلى إليها في علاج توريت.
كان أندريه مالرو (1901-1976) مؤلفًا فرنسيًا ومغامرًا ووزيرًا للثقافة ولديه متلازمة توريت. وتم تصوير الرئيس كينيدي وماري مادلين ليو ومالرو وجاكي كينيدي ونائب الرئيس جونسون عند إزاحة الستار عن الموناليزا في المتحف الوطني للفنون في واشنطن العاصمة عام 1963.