الإسلام ومعاداة اليهود
مراجع

↑  صحيح البخاري، كتاب الجزية والموادعة، باب إثم من قتل معاهدا بغير جرم ح 3166. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-11-01.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  سورة المائدة:82 "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-11-01.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
1 2 3 4  Lewis (1984), pp. 10, 20 "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-11-01.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18  Cohen, Mark R. "The Neo-Lachrymose Conception of Jewish-Arab History." Tikkun 6.3 (1991) نسخة محفوظة 23 أبريل 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-11-01.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
1 2  1954 Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 18, p. 140.
1 2  Y. K. Stillman، المحرر (1984). "Libās". دائرة المعارف الإسلامية (ط. 2nd). Brill Academic Publishers. ج. 5. ص. 744. ISBN:90-04-09419-9.
1 2  "Jewish Virtual Library". Jewish Virtual Library. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-07-31. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-09-19.
1 2  Lewis (1984), pp. 17, 18, 52, 94, 95; Stillman (1979), pp. 27, 77
↑  E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936, M. Th Houtsma نسخة محفوظة 04 أغسطس 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Lewis (1984), p. 28
1 2  Lewis (1999), p. 131
1 2  "Sephardim". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-01-17.
↑  العصر الذهبي ليهود الأندلس نسخة محفوظة 04 نوفمبر 2013 على موقع واي باك مشين.
1 2 Sources for the following are:
Lewis (1984) p. 32–33
مارك كوهين (2002), p. 208
Stillman (2006)
Avnery, Uri (1968). Israel without Zionists. (New York: Macmillan). p. 220
M. Klein. New Encyclopedia of Zionism and Israel, Anti-semitism
1 2  Lewis (1999) p. 131
1 2  Stillman (1979) p. 27
↑  "Why Jews Fled the Arab Countries". Middle East Forum. Retrieved on 28 July 2013. نسخة محفوظة 16 فبراير 2018 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Shumsky, Dmitry. (12 September 2012) "Recognize Jews as refugees from Arab countries". Haaretz. Retrieved on 2013-07-28. نسخة محفوظة 11 يوليو 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Meir, Esther. (9 October 2012) "The truth about the expulsion". 'Haaretz. Retrieved on 2013-07-28. نسخة محفوظة 11 يوليو 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Tudor Parfitt (1996). The Road to Redemption – The Jews of the Yemen 1900-1950. Brill. ص. 285. ... economic straits as their traditional role was whittled away, famine, disease, growing political persecution and increased public hostility, the state of anarchy after ثورة الدستور,  a desire to be reunited with family members, incitement and encouragement to leave from [Zionist agents who] played on their religious sensibilities, promises that their passage would be paid to Israel and that their material difficulties would be cared for by the Jewish state, a sense that the Land of Israel was a veritable Eldorado, a sense of history being fulfilled, a fear of missing the boat, a sense that living wretchedly as dhimmis in an Islamic state was no longer God-ordained, a sense that as a people they had been flayed by history long enough: all these played a role. ... Purely religious, messianic sentiment too, had its part but by and large this has been overemphasised.
1 2  Yehuda، Shenhav (15 أغسطس 2003). "Hitching a Ride on the Magic Carpet". هاآرتس. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-06-21. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-05-11. Any reasonable person, Zionist or non-Zionist, must acknowledge that the analogy drawn between Palestinians and Mizrahi Jews is unfounded. Palestinian refugees did not want to leave Palestine. Many Palestinian communities were destroyed in 1948, and some 700,000 Palestinians were expelled, or fled, from the borders of historic Palestine. Those who left did not do so of their own volition. In contrast, Jews from Arab lands came to this country under the initiative of the State of Israel and Jewish organizations. Some came of their own free will; others arrived against their will. Some lived comfortably and securely in Arab lands; others suffered from fear and oppression.
↑  "THE FORGOTTEN REFUGEES: the causes of the post-1948 Jewish Exodus from Arab Countries By Philip Mendes - Palestine Remembered". www.palestineremembered.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-12-11.
1 2  "Holocaust Remembrance Day — a somber anniversary". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-31.
↑  Bernard Lewis (يونيو 1998). "Muslim Anti-Semitism". Middle East Quarterly. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-10-14.
1 2  اللاسامية نسخة محفوظة 7 يوليو 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Claude Cahen. "Dhimma" in Encyclopedia of Islam. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-24. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-06-03.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  Shelomo Dov Goitein, A Mediterranean Society: An Abridgment in One Volume, p. 293. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-17. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-06-03.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion, "Antisemitism"
↑  Lewis, Bernard. "The New Anti-Semitism", The American Scholar, Volume 75 No. 1, Winter 2006, p. 25–36; based on a lecture delivered at Brandeis University on March 24, 2004.
↑  Lewis (1999) p. 192.
↑  Lewis (1984) p. 184
1 2  Schweitzer, p. 266.
1 2  Laqueur, pp. 191–192
1 2 3  "The Salience of Islamic Antisemitism". www.martinkramer.org. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-03.
↑  الأشقر، جلبير (2012). العرب والمحرقة النازية. بيروت: دار الساقي، المركز القومي للترجمة. ISBN:9786144252864. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-03. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-10-28.
↑  يوجد عداء تقليدي للسامية في الإسلام نسخة محفوظة 2020-04-23 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  معاداة السامية ورُهاب الإسلام نسخة محفوظة 16 ديسمبر 2019 على موقع واي باك مشين.
1 2 3  البروتوكولات اليهودية والصهيونية، عبد الوهاب المسيري ص214
↑  السامية ومعاداة السامية بين احتكار اليهود وحق العرب فيها نسخة محفوظة 3 يناير 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  اللاسامية في الفكرالصهيوني الجذور التاريخية والاهداف بقلم:عبدالوهاب محمد الجبوري نسخة محفوظة 16 ديسمبر 2019 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  اللاسامية في الفكرالصهيوني الجذور التاريخية والاهداف بقلم:عبدالوهاب محمد الجبوري نسخة محفوظة 07 يناير 2019 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  كتاب سيرة ابن هشام
↑  أطلس الأديان:الديانة اليهودية
↑  السيرة النبوة في ضوء القرآن والسنة، أبي شهبة، دار البشير، جدة، (2/383).
↑  - الصراع مع اليهود، محمد أبو فارس، دار الفرقان، الطبعة الأولى، 1411هـ- 1990م، (3/101).
↑  Sahih Bukhari Volume 2, Book 14, Number 68 نسخة محفوظة 23 ديسمبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Sahih Bukhari Vol. 5, Book 59, Hadith 522 نسخة محفوظة 23 ديسمبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  F.E. Peters (2003), p. 194
↑  The Cambridge History of Islam (1977), pp. 43–44
1 2  Samuel Rosenblatt, Essays on Antisemitism: The Jews of Islam, p. 112
↑  Esposito (1998) pp. 10–11
↑  For alliances see Guillaume, p. 253.
↑  Encyclopedia of the Qur'an, "Qurayza (Banu)".
↑  "سبب غزوتي بني قينقاع وبني النضير". Islamweb إسلام ويب. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-10-27. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-10-26.
↑  "سيرة ابن هشام". islamport.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-10-15. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-04-27.
↑  Lewis (1999) p. 118
↑  Sahih Bukhari Volume 3, Book 47, Number 786 نسخة محفوظة 29 مارس 2018 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Sahih Bukhari Volume 5, Book 59, Number 713 نسخة محفوظة 29 مارس 2018 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Lewis (1999), pp. 122, 123, 126, 127
1 2  Poliakov (1974) pp. 77–8.
↑  Poliakov (1974) pp. 92–3.
↑  Wehr (1976) pp. 515, 516.
↑  Lewis (1999) p. 123.
↑  Abdul Aziz Said (1979),
↑  Lewis (1984), pp. 9, 27
↑  Lewis (1984), pp. 94–95
↑  Lewis (1984), p. 28
↑  Cowling (2005), p. 265
1 2  Lewis 1984 p. 106
↑  The Treatment of Jews in Arab/Islamic Countries نسخة محفوظة 22 يناير 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Poliakov (1974) pp. 60–2
↑  Andrea, Alfred J.; Overfield, James H. (1 Jan 2001). The Human Record: To 1700 (بالإنجليزية). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN:0618042458. Archived from the original on 2020-03-29.
↑  Poliakov (1974) pp. 91–6
1 2 3  Schweitzer, pp. 267–268.
↑  Granada by Richard Gottheil, Meyer Kayserling, الموسوعة اليهودية. 1906 ed. "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2010-12-24. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-10-27.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  Kraemer, Joel L., Moses Maimonides: An Intellectual Portrait in The Cambridge Companion to Maimonides pp. 16–17 (2005)
↑  Maimonides, "Epistle to the Jews of Yemen", translated in Stillman (1979), pp. 241–242
↑  Cohen (1995) pp. xvii–xviii
↑  Schweitzer, pp. 266–267
↑  Lewis (1984) p. 33
↑  G. E. Von Grunebaum, Eastern Jewry Under Islam, 1971, p. 369.
↑  Cohen (1995) p. 6.
↑  Cohen (1995) p. 9.
↑  Daniel J. Lasker؛ Cohen، Mark R. (1997). "Review of Under Crescent and Cross. The Jews in the Middle Ages by Mark R. Cohen". The Jewish Quarterly Review. ج. 88 ع. 1/2: 76–78. DOI:10.2307/1455066. JSTOR:1455066.
↑  Cohen (1995) p.xvii: According to Cohen, both the views equally distort the past.
↑  Lewis 1984 p. 62
↑  The Forgotten Refugees نسخة محفوظة 31 مايو 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Roumani, Maurice. The Case of the Jews from Arab Countries: A Neglected Issue, 1977, pp. 26–27.
↑  "The Treatment of Jews in Arab/Islamic Countries". Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. 19 فبراير 1947. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-01-22. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-07-02.
↑  Bat Ye'or, The Dhimmi, 1985, p. 61
↑  Muslim Anti-Semitism by Bernard Lewis (Middle East Quarterly) June 1998 نسخة محفوظة 07 فبراير 2009 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Avnery, Uri (1968). Israel without Zionists. (New York: Macmillan). pg. 220
↑  Here the Quran uses an Arabic expression alladhina hadu ("those who are Jewish"), which appears in the Quran ten times. Stillman (2006)
↑  Lewis, Bernard. Semites and Anti-Semites, New York/London: Norton, 1986, p. 256.
↑  Yadlin, Rifka. "Antisemitism". The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East. Ed. أفراهام سيلا. New York: Continuum, 2002. p. 52
↑  النفح، ج 1، ص. 10
↑  البيان، ج2، ص. 12
↑  Molins 2010، صفحة 34.
↑  Lucien Gubbay (1999). Sunlight and Shadow: The Jewish Experience of Islam. نيويورك: Other Press. ص. 80. ISBN:1-892746-69-7.
↑  Norman Roth (1994). Jews, Visigoths, and Muslims in Medieval Spain: Cooperation and Conflict. هولندا: E. J. Brill. ص. 110. ISBN:90-04-09971-9.
↑  Granada by Richard Gottheil, Meyer Kayserling, Jewish Encyclopedia. 1906 ed. نسخة محفوظة 22 أغسطس 2011 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  1971 Jewish Encyclopedia
↑  Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2007, vol. 8, p. 32.
↑  Solomon ibn Verga, Shevet Yehudah, ed. A. Shochat (1947), p. 22.
↑  Lewis، Bernard (1987) [1984]. The Jews of Islam. برينستون (نيو جيرسي) New Jersey: دار نشر جامعة برنستون. ص. 54. ISBN:978-0-691-00807-3. LCCN:84042575. OCLC:17588445.
↑  E. J. Brill أول موسوعة الإسلام ، 1913-1936 ، م. ال Houtsma نسخة محفوظة 04 أغسطس 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Assaleh، Abu-Mohammed (1828). Historia dos soberanos mohametanos: das primeiras quatro dysnastias e de parte da quinta, que reinarao na Mauritania. Jozé de Santo Antonio Moura (trans.). Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa. ص. 117. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-03. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-03-30.
↑  Moura، Jozé de Santo Antonio (1827). "Memoria sobre as dinastias mohammetanas, que tem reinado na Mauritania, com a serie chronologica dos soberanos de cada huma dellas". Memórias de Academia das Ciências de Lisboa. Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa. ص. 47–140. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-03-30.
↑  موريس ، يناير (1959). الهاشمية الملوك. في مدينة روما. p. 85
↑  Beker، Avi (1998). Jewish communities of the world. Lerner Publications. ص. 203. ISBN:0-8225-1934-8.
↑  Isichei، Elizabeth Allo (13 أبريل 1997). A History of African Societies to 1870. Cambridge University Press. ص. 190. ISBN:978-0-521-45599-2. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2014-06-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-04-23.
↑  Haddad، Heskel M. (1984). Jews of Arab and Islamic countries: history, problems, solutions. Shengold Publishers. ص. 75. ISBN:978-0-88400-100-3. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2014-06-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-04-23.
↑  Yosef Yuval Tobi, "Attitude of the Muslim Authority in Yemen to the Jewish Messianic Movements", in: Ascending the Palm Tree – An Anthology of the Yemenite Jewish Heritage, Rachel Yedid & Danny Bar-Maoz (ed.), E'ele BeTamar: Rehovot 2018, p. 135 1041776317
↑  Yehudah Ratzaby, Galut Mawzaʻ, Sefunot (Volume Five), Ben-Zvi Institute: Jerusalem 1961, p. 79 (Hebrew)
↑  يوسف قافيه (ed.), "Qorot Yisra'el be-Teman by Rabbi Ḥayim Ḥibshush," Ketavim (Collected Papers), Vol. 2, Jerusalem 1989, p. 714 (end); عمرام قوره, Sa'arat Teiman, Jerusalem 1987, p. 11
↑  Yosef Qafiḥ (ed.), "Qorot Yisra'el be-Teman by Rabbi Ḥayim Ḥibshush," Sefunot, Volume 2, Ben-Zvi Institute: Jerusalem 1958, pp. 246-286 (Hebrew); Yosef Qafiḥ, Ketavim (Collected Papers), Vol. 2, Jerusalem 1989, p. 714 (Hebrew)
↑  يهود اليمن نسخة محفوظة 24 أغسطس 2011 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Bat-Zion Eraqi-Klorman (2001). "The forced conversion of Jewish orphans in Yemen". مطبعة جامعة كامبريدج. ج. 33: 23–47. JSTOR:259478. {{استشهاد بدورية محكمة}}: الاستشهاد بدورية محكمة يطلب |دورية محكمة= (مساعدة)
↑  Yehuda Nini (1 يناير 1991). The Jews of the Yemen, 1800-1914. روتليدج. ص. 21–23. ISBN:978-3-7186-5041-5. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-29. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  مارك كوهين (2002), p. 208
↑  Parfitt, Tudor (1985) 'The Year of the Pride of Israel: Montefiore and the blood libel of 1840.' In: Lipman, S. and Lipman, V.D., (eds.), The Century of Moses Montefiore. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 131-148.
↑  Frankel, Jonathan: The Damascus Affair: 'Ritual Murder', Politics, and the Jews in 1840 (Cambridge University Press, 1997) (ردمك 0-521-48396-4) p. 1
↑  Yossef Bodansky. "Islamic Anti-Semitism as a Political Instrument" Co-Produced by The Ariel Center for Policy Research and The Freeman Center for Strategic Studies, 1999. (ردمك 0-9671391-0-4), (ردمك 978-0-9671391-0-4)
1 2 3 4 5  بيني موريس. Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881–2001. Vintage Books, 2001, pp. 10–11.
↑  Patai، Raphael (1997). Jadid al-Islam: The Jewish "New Muslims" of Meshhed. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. ISBN:0-8143-2652-8.
↑
برنارد لويس (1984). The Jews of Islam. Princeton: Princeton University Press. (ردمك 0-691-00807-8), p. 183 - "Even the accusation of ritual murder, not known in the past, reached Iran, and a particularly bad case occurred in Shiraz in 1910."
↑  "Pogroms to the Jews at the time of "Secular and Democratic" Turkey - Part III". Yekta Uzunoglu (بالإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on 2019-12-16. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
↑  "Pogroms to the Jews for the "Secular Democratic" of Turkey – Part II". Yekta Uzunoglu (بالإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on 2018-08-31. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
↑  Özkimirli، Umut؛ Sofos، Spyros A (2008). Tormented by history: nationalism in Greece and Turkey. Columbia University Press. ص. 167. ISBN:9780231700528. OCLC:608489245. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-29.
↑  David Hacohen (1 يونيو 1985). Time to Tell: An Israeli Life, 1898-1984. Associated University Presses. ص. 37, 38. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-03. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-04-16.
↑  Reign of Terror in Safed, Glasgow Herald, September 14, 1929 نسخة محفوظة 3 يناير 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  "Tarpat 1929 Arab Riots in Safed". Zissil. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-11-03. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-09-15.
↑  Lewis (1984) pp. 33–34
↑  Mandel 2014، صفحة 38: "Similarly, [French] officials argued against awarding international refugee status to Moroccan Jews, insisting that the 1948 riots in Oujda and Djérada had been "absolutely localized." It was, they warned, migration itself - and not widespread anti-Jewish animosity - that had sparked Muslim anger."
↑  "Meeting with Mr. Securel of Cairo, Egypt", October 28, 1948, AJC/FAD-1, Box 12, Foreign Countries, Egypt
↑  Beinin, Joel (1998), The Dispersion Of Egyptian Jewry Culture, Politics, And The Formation Of A Modern Diaspora, University of California Press, c1998. Amer Univ in Cairo Pr, 2005, (ردمك 977-424-890-2) نسخة محفوظة 06 أبريل 2008 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Sprayregen، Joel J. (8 فبراير 2009). "Turkey's Prime Minister Leads His Country Down a Destructive Path". American Thinker. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-08-12.
↑  Dilek Güven, Nationalismus, Sozialer Wandel und Minderheiten: Die Ausschreitungen gegen die Nichtmuslime der Tuerkei (6–7 September 1955), Universitaet Bochum, 2006
↑  Eric Rouleau, Qui était le mufti de Jérusalem ? (Who was the Mufti of Jerusalem ?), لوموند ديبلوماتيك, August 1994. نسخة محفوظة 11 ديسمبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  "Nazi Germany and the Arab and Muslim World: Old and New Scholarship" نسخة محفوظة 12 أكتوبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Laurens 2002، صفحات 467,469–470;'In terms of his initial formation, Haj Amin was far from being an antisemite. He had learned French at the الاتحاد الإسرائيلي العالمي institute in Jerusalem and ألبرت انتيبي had been one of his mentors. In the interwar period, he had fought Zionism as a political and religious leader. He was then of the opinion that the aim of Zionism was to expel the Arabs of Palestine and take over the الحرم القدسي الشريف in order to build the الهيكل الثالث. Gradually (progressivement) he was persuaded that world Judaism supported Zionists in an secretive manner and exercised a major influence over decision-making in Great Britain and the United States. For some time (during WW2) he was certain (based on real facts) that the Zionists were seeking to assassinate him. … It is evident that he gradually came to identify his battle in Palestine with that of Germany against world Judaism. The reading of all those passages in his memoirs devoted to his European sojourn reveal an assimilation of the content of european antisemitism, with their two great themes of the identification of Judaism with financial capitalism (Anglo-Saxons), and of the أسطورة الطعنة في الظهر (the Jews as responsible for the two world wars). On the other hand, a racist vision of world history is totally absent from his general worldview. … Taken together, his writings after 1945 do not show him as having an attitude of إنكار تاريخي, whilst Arab politicians of the first rank, in the period of Eichmann's trial, had begun to adopt (precisely) this kind of discourse.'
↑  Kiely 2008، صفحة 113.
↑  Rouleau 1994.
↑  Laqueur & Rubin 2001، صفحة 51.
↑  Mallmann & Cüppers 2010، صفحة 201.
↑  Morris 2008، صفحات 21–22, "He was deeply anti-Semitic. He later explained the Holocaust as owing to the Jew's sabotage of the German war effort in World War I and the millennia of Gentile anti-Semitism as due to the Jews' 'chararacter': (quoting al-Husseini) 'One of the most prominent facets of the Jewish character is their exaggerated conceit and selfishness, rooted in their belief that they are the chosen people of God. There is no limit to their covetousness and they prevent others from enjoying the Good. … They have no pity and are known for their hatred, rivalry and hardness, as Allah described them in the Qur'an.' "
↑  Benny Morris starts to talk about the topic on 43:24. Morris 2011
↑  "Hall Amin Al-Husayni: The Mufti of Jerusalem". موسوعة الهولوكوست  ‏. 25 يونيو 2007. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-10-18. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2007-10-19.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: علامات ترقيم زائدة (link)
↑  Sells 2015، صفحة 743
↑  Morris 2008، صفحات 20–22
↑  De Felice 1990، صفحات 212–213:'It should be quite clear that this relation (arose) not, as a number of authors have nonetheless argued, because of a presumed affinity of their ideology with that of the Nazis or Fascists, no such thing existed, but by virtue of the wholly political logic (of events) that saw in the enemies (in deed or potentially) of their own enemies their own friends, particularly if the latter have already provided evidence—and this was, precisely, the case with Germany, and all the more so, with Italy -of being interested, in terms of the same political logic, in giving support to their cause'.('E questo, sia ben chiaro, non -come pure è stato sostenuto da vari autori - per una presunta affinità della loro ideologia con quelle nazista e fascista, che non esisteva, ma in forza della logica tutta politica che vede nei nemici (in atto o potenziali) dei propri nemici i propri amici, specie se essi hanno già dato prova - e questo era appunto il caso della Germania ed ancor più dell'Italia - di essere interessati, nella stessa logica politica, a sostenere la loro causa').
↑  قالب:Rtl-para
Translation: 'I have considered Germany to be a friendly country, because it was not a colonizing country, and it never harmed any Arab or Islamic country, and because it was fighting our colonialist and Zionist enemies, and because the enemy of your enemy is your friend. And I was certain that Germany's victory would definitely save our countries from the danger of Zionism and colonization'.Mudhakkirat al-Hajj Amin al-Husayni, Damascus 1999 p.96.
↑  Scott، James C. (9 أغسطس 2001). "Iraqi Coup: The Coup". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-10-24. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2007-10-19.
↑  "Iraqi Coup: Introduction". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-10-24. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2007-10-18.
↑  Levin, Itamar (2001). Locked Doors: The Seizure of Jewish Property in Arab Countries. (Praeger/Greenwood) (ردمك 0-275-97134-1), p. 6.
↑  Bard، Michell (2007). "The Jews of Iraq". مكتبة اليهود الافتراضية. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-01-19. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2007-10-17.
↑  Mordechai Zaken, "Tribal chieftains and their Jewish Subjects: A comparative Study in Survival: PhD Thesis, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2004.
↑  Mordechai Zaken, "Jewish Subjects and their tribal chieftains in Kurdistan: A Study in Survival", Brill: Leiden and Boston, 2007 ISBN . نسخة محفوظة 08 مايو 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Joyce Blau, one of the world's leading scholars in Kurdish culture, language and history, suggested, "This part of Mr. Zaken's thesis, concerning Jewish life in Iraqi Kurdistan, well complements the impressive work of the pioneer ethnologist Erich Brauer. Brauer was indeed one of the most skilled ethnographs of the first half of the 20th century and wrote an important book on the Jews of Kurdistan." (Erich Brauer, The Jews of Kurdistan, first edition 1940, revised edition 1993, completed and edited by Raphael Patai, Wayne State University Press, Detroit)
1 2  Littman (1979) pp 12-14
↑  Littman (1979), p. 12
↑  Sanasarian (2000), p. 46.
↑  Farrokh، Kaveh (2011). Iran at War. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN:978-1-84603-491-6. مؤرشف من الأصل في 21 مايو 2016. اطلع عليه بتاريخ أغسطس 2020. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ الوصول= (مساعدة)
↑  Lewis (1999) pp. 148–149.
↑  B. Raman "Lashkar-e-Toiba: Spreading the jehad". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-12-26. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-12-05. {{استشهاد ويب}}: الوسيط |حالة المسار=unknown غير صالح (مساعدة). The Hindu (2001-01-05)
↑ Antisemitic:
Aaronovitch, David  ‏. "The New Anti-Semitism", The Observer, June 22, 2003.
"Hamas refuses to recognize Israel, claims the whole of Palestine as an Islamic endowment, has issued virulently antisemitic leaflets, ..." Laurence F. Bove, Laura Duhan Kaplan, From the Eye of the Storm: Regional Conflicts and the Philosophy of Peace, Rodopi Press, 1995, (ردمك 90-5183-870-0), p. 217.
"But of all the anti-Jewish screeds, it is the Protocols of the Elders of Zion that emboldens and empowers antisemites. While other antisemitic works may have a sharper intellectual base, it is the conspiratorial imagery of the Protocols that has fueled the imagination and hatred of Jews and Judaism, from the captains of industry like Henry Ford, to teenage Hamas homicide bombers." Mark Weitzman, Steven Leonard Jacobs, Dismantling the Big Lie: the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, KTAV Publishing House, 2003, (ردمك 0-88125-785-0), p. xi.
"There is certainly very clear evidence of antisemitism in the writings and manifestos of organizations like Hamas and Hizbullah...." Human Rights Implications of the Resurgence of Racism and Anti-Semitism, United States Congress, House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on International Security, International Organizations and Human Rights – 1993, p. 122.
"The denomination of the Jews/Zionists by the Hamas organization is also heavily shaped by European Christian anti-Semitism. This prejudice began to infiltrate the Arab world, most notably in the circulation of the 1926 Arabic translation of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion.... Reliance upon the document is evidenced in the group's charter.... The Protocols of the Elders of Zion also informs Hamas's belief that Israel has hegemonic aspirations that extend beyond Palestinian land. As described in the charter, the counterfeit document identifies the Zionists' wish to expand their reign from the Nile River to the Euphrates." Michael P. Arena, Bruce A. Arrigo, The Terrorist Identity: Explaining the Terrorist Threat, NYU Press, 2006, (ردمك 0-8147-0716-5), pp. 133–134.
"Standard anti-Semitic themes have become commonplace in the propaganda of Arab Islamic movements like Hizballah and Hamas...." Lewis (1999) "نسخة مؤرشفة". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-12-19. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-10-27.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: BOT: original URL status unknown (link)
↑  "Anti-semitic motifs in Hamas leaflets, 1987–1992". The Institute for Counter-Terrorism. 9 يوليو 1998. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-12-09.
↑  Mish'al، Khalid (31 يناير 2006). "We will not sell our people or principles for foreign aid". The Guardian. London. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-12. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-04-10.
↑  Maher Mughrabi. "The new Hamas charter explained". The Sydney Morning Herald. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-03.
1 2  Tamara Qiblawi؛ Angela Dewan؛ Larry Register (1 مايو 2017). "Hamas says it accepts '67 borders, but doesn't recognize Israel". CNN. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-04. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-05-03.
↑  Patrick Wintour (2 مايو 2017). "Hamas presents new charter accepting a Palestine based on 1967 borders". The Guardian. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-14. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-05-03.
↑  Nidal al-Mughrabi؛ Tom Finn (2 مايو 2017). "Hamas softens stance on Israel, drops Muslim Brotherhood link". Reuters. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-11. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-05-03.
↑  "Hamas accepts Palestinian state with 1967 borders". Al-Jazeera. 2 مايو 2017. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-24. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-05-03.
↑  Webman, Esther. Anti-semitic Motifs in the Ideology of Hizballah and Hamas, Project for the study of Anti-semitism, Tel Aviv University, 1994, p. 22. 641200955
↑  "Anti-Zionist Jews meet with Hamas leader in Gaza". هاآرتس. Associated Press. 16 يوليو 2009. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-10-10. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-04-16.
↑  Basim Naim (13 يناير 2009). "We believe in resistance, not revenge". The Guardian (opinion). London. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-09-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-01-10. Hamas has no quarrel with Jews, only with the actions of Israel
1 2  Goldberg، Jeffrey (14 أكتوبر 2002). "In the Party of God: Are terrorists in Lebanon preparing for a larger war?". النيويوركر. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-02-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2015-07-29.
↑  United Nations Document A/54/723 S/2000/55, citing Al Hayyat, 30 October 1999"Letter dated January 25, 2000 from the Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-03-10. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2006-08-17. . Retrieved 17 August 2006.
↑  Itamar Rabinovich. Israel in the Middle East. UPNE. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-11-18. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch (مساعدة)
↑  "The Shifts in Hizbullah's Ideology: Religious Ideology, Political Ideology, and Political Program"By Joseph Elie Alagha, Published by Amsterdam University Press, 2006,(ردمك 90-5356-910-3), (ردمك 978-90-5356-910-8),380.