كارفا شوت
مراجع

1 2  Kartar Singh Bhalla، Let's Know Festivals of India، Star Publications, 2005، ISBN:978-81-7650-165-1، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-14، ... 'Karwa Chauth' is a ritual of fasting observed by married Hindu women seeking the longevity, ... married women in the northern and western parts of India, especially, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat ... eat a little food before sunrise and start the fast ... After the moon rises ... finally break their fast ...
↑  S. K. Rait، Sikh women in England: their religious and cultural beliefs and social practices، Trentham Books, 2005، ISBN:978-1-85856-353-4، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-31، ... karva chauth, a fast kept to secure the long life of husbands, was popular among Sikh women ...
↑  "Hindus mark Karva Chauth in Pakistan". Pakistan Daily. 17 أكتوبر 2008. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-04-09. ... Hindu women Friday celebrated Karva Chauth in the city. The minority arranges different functions in the city to mark the day where women collectively sighted the moon and broke their fast ...
↑  Kumar، Anu (21 أكتوبر 2007). "A Hungry Heart". The Washington Post. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-10-17.
↑  Subhashini Aryan، Crafts of Himachal PradeshLiving traditions of India، Mapin, 1993، ISBN:978-0-944142-46-2، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-12، ... Karva Chauth, when a fast is universally observed by all married women, a small pot, karva, is required ...
↑  Anne Mackenzie Pearson، Because it gives me peace of mind: ritual fasts in the religious lives of Hindu women (McGill studies in the history of religions)، SUNY Press, 1996، ISBN:978-0-7914-3038-5، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-13، ... Karva Cauth seems to be in western Uttar Pradesh ...
↑  Sohindar Singh Waṇajara Bedi، Folklore of the Punjab، National Book Trust, 1971، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-11، ... Sometimes even unmarried girls observe this fast and pray for their husbands-to-be ...
↑  Rajendra Kumar Sharma، Rural Sociology، Atlantic Publishers, 2004، ISBN:978-81-7156-671-6، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-09، ... small earthen-ware pots called 'deep' being filled with oil and lighted through a wick ...
↑  "ਕਰਵਾ ਚੌਥ - ਫਿਲਮੀ ਨਾਮਾਂ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ ਚੂੜੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਕ੍ਰੇਜ (Karva Chauth - The craze for bangles named after movies)"، Webdunia Punjabi، 6 أكتوبر 2009، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2010-03-12، ... ਕਰਵਾ ਚੌਥ ਦੇ ਆਉਂਦੇ ਹੀ ਬਜ਼ਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੀ ਚਹਿਲ-ਪਹਿਲ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਸੇ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਸਿਲਸਿਲਾ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਸਾਜ-ਸ਼ਿੰਗਾਰ ਦਾ ਸਮਾਨ ਖਰੀਦਣ ਦਾ। ਜਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਚੂੜੀਆਂ ਇਸਤਰੀਆਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਪਸੰਦੀਦਾ ਹੁੰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਆਪਣੇ ਸੂਟ ਜਾਂ ਸਾੜੀ ਨਾਲ ਮੈਚ ਕਰਦੀਆਂ ਚੂੜੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਬਜ਼ਾਰ 'ਚ ਪਤਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਿੰਨੇ ਗੇੜੇ ਮਾਰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ।  (The coming of Karva Chauth gets the bazaars humming with activity. And so begins the process of buying cosmetics and ornaments. Of all things, bangles are the perennial favorites with women. They do endless circuits of the bazaar looking for the perfect color match with their saris and shalwar suits) ...
↑  Publications Division، Indian and foreign review, Volume 23، Publications Division of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, 1985، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-12-26، ... the typically North Indian festival of Karva Chauth when wives fast for the longevity of their husbands. On this day a woman relives her wedding day. Dressed in her wedding clothes, with hands and feet ritually decorated with Mehndi ...
↑  Robert Jackson, Eleanor M. Nesbitt، Hindu children in Britain، Trentham, 1993، ISBN:978-0-948080-73-9، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-09، ... this day, which falls about eleven days before the all-India festival of Divali, wives dress up in bridal colours (red and gold) ...
↑  Madhusree Dutta, Neera Adarkar, Majlis Organization (Bombay)، The nation, the state, and Indian identity، Popular Prakashan, 1996، ISBN:978-81-85604-09-1، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-04، ... originally was practised by women in Punjab and parts of UP, is gaining tremendous popularity ... We found women of all classes and regional communities ... all said they too were observing the Karva Chauth Vrat for their husbands' longevity. All of them had dekha-dekhi (in imitation) followed a trend which made them feel special on this one day. Husbands paid them undivided attention and showered them with gifts. The women from the bastis go to beauty parlours to have their hair set and hands decorated with mehendi ... As an instrument of social control, rituals work insiduously. Deeply ingrained in the consciousness of Hindu women, reinforced by modern forms, we do not know which is the greater barrier to women's liberation: religion or the market ...{{استشهاد}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link)
↑  بالصور.. نجمات بوليوود يحتفلن بصيام "كارفا شوت" بصحبة أزواجهم نسخة محفوظة 04 مارس 2016 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Gobind Singh Mansukhani، Introduction to Sikhism: 125 basic questions and answers on Sikh religion and history، Hemkunt Press, 1998، ISBN:978-81-7010-181-9، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2013-12-11، ... God has given us the human body - the temple of the soul - which has to be nourished and card for. Fasting as an austerity, as a ritual, as a mortification of the body by wilful hunger is forbidden in Sikhism ... Sikhism does not consider pilgrimage as an act of spiritual merit ...
بوابة الهندوسية
بوابة الهند
بوابة باكستان