قبائل في الصومال
مراجع

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↑  Lewisfirst1=I. M. (1999). A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. James Currey Publishers. ص. 11–14. ISBN:0852552807. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-05-22. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-07-08.{{استشهاد بكتاب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء عددية: قائمة المؤلفين (link)
↑  Pham، J. Peter (2011). "State Collapse, Insurgency, and Famine in the Horn of Africa: Legitimacy and the Ongoing Somali Crisis". The Journal of the Middle East and Africa. ج. 2 ع. 2: 153–187. DOI:10.1080/21520844.2011.617238. S2CID:154845182.
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↑  I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), p. 23
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↑  I. M. Lewis (1994). Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society. The Red Sea Press. ص. vii–viii, 20, 43–44, 48–50, 163–164. ISBN:978-0-932415-93-6.
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↑  Beatrice Akua-Sakyiwah (2016), Education as Cultural Capital and its Effect on the Transitional Issues Faced by Migrant Women in the Diaspora, Journal of International Migration and Integration, Volume 17, Number 4, pages 1125–1142, Quote: "This caste stratification is a daily reality in Somali society".
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↑  Lewis، I. M. (1999). A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. James Currey Publishers. ص. 13–14. ISBN:978-0852552803. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-05-22. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-11-14.
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↑  Catherine Besteman (2014). Unraveling Somalia: Race, Class, and the Legacy of Slavery. University of Pennsylvania Press. ص. 52. ISBN:978-0-8122-9016-5. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-04-07. Whatever their origins, their physical features and occupations distinguished them from Somalis and placed them in an inferior sociopolitical position in Somali cosmology.
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↑  I. M. Lewis (1994). Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society. The Red Sea Press. ص. 51. ISBN:978-0-932415-93-6. The primary lineage is normally, and the dia-paying group always, exogamous, because these units are already so strongly united that marriage within them is considered to threaten their cohesion.
↑  I. M. Lewis (1994). Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society. The Red Sea Press. ص. 51–52. ISBN:978-0-932415-93-6.I. M. Lewis (1994). Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society. The Red Sea Press. pp. 51–52. ISBN 978-0-932415-93-6.
↑  I. M. Lewis (1994). Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society. The Red Sea Press. ص. 51. ISBN:978-0-932415-93-6. in areas formerly characterized by clan heterogeneity, with people of different clans living together harmoniously and inter-marrying, marriage outside one's own clan became the exception rather than, as formerly, the rule. Indeed, in the devastated capital, Mogadishu, women who had married outside their own clan found themselves at a serious disadvantage, they and their children being disowned and left unprotected by both sets of kin. Insecurity required maximum clan solidarity, including now clan endogamy rather than exogamy.
↑  I. M. Lewis (1994). Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society. The Red Sea Press. ص. 51. ISBN:978-0-932415-93-6. This new trend was further encouraged by the intensified contact with the Arab society, and its preference for cousin marriage, through the experience of labour migration in the Gulf. The tension between this politically expedient practice and traditional cultural precepts was reflected in the popular view that such endogamous marriage amounted to a kind of incest akin to the mating of animals.
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1 2  Hawiyah, meaning the Conservator of Sciences, his name is Ahmad ibn Irir, (Whose name is Abd al-Rahman) ibn Samaal, (Whose name is Uthman) bin Muhammad ibn Hanbal Bin Mahdi bin Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Aqeel bin Abi Talib. This (Muhammad) is the one to whom the Darod, whose actual name is Daud, tribes trace their lineage to. نسخة محفوظة 2024-12-09 على موقع واي باك مشين.
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↑  Ambroso، Guido (مارس 2002). "Clanship, Conflict and Refugees: An Introduction to Somalis in the Horn of Africa" (PDF). ص. 6. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-02-07.
↑  Hayward, R.J.; Lewis, I.M. (17 Aug 2005). Voice and Power (بالإنجليزية). Routledge. p. 242. ISBN:9781135751753. Archived from the original on 2024-05-22.
↑  محمود، زيلعي، عبد الرحمن شيخ (2018). الصومال عروبتها وحضارتها الإسلامية. قنديل للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع،. ISBN:978-9948-39-903-2. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2024-07-13.محمود, زيلعي، عبد الرحمن شيخ (2018). الصومال عروبتها وحضارتها الإسلامية (in Arabic). قنديل للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع،. ISBN 978-9948-39-903-2.
↑  Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (25 Feb 2003). Historical Dictionary of Somalia (بالإنجليزية). Scarecrow Press. p. 71. ISBN:9780810866041. Archived from the original on 2024-12-26.
توزيع العشائر الصومالية في منطقة القرن الأفريقي.
شجرة القبائل الصومالية
لوحة لصورة السلطان الصومالي يوسف علي كينديد مؤسس سلطنة هوبيو رسمها لويجي روبيتشي بريتشيتي.
شيوخ قبيلة بيمال برفقة السلطان علي سلطان القبيلة على متن سفينة ماركو بولو.
سلة زفاف صومالية تقليدية.
سلاطين قبيلة إسحاق عبد الله ديريه وعبد الرحمن دريه في لندن 1955 لتقديم التماس للحصول على منطقة هود
محمود علي شري، شيخ عشيرة ورسنجلي إحدى عشائر قبيلة دارود.
السلطان أولول دينلي من سلطنة أجوران.
زعماء عشيرة بيمال من قبيلة در.