دولتا الشمال والجنوب
الإشارات

↑  Korean Britannica Encyclopedia، Daum، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2007-05-14.
↑  Jacques L. Fuqua. Page 18.
↑  DuBois, Jill (2005). Korea (بالإنجليزية). Marshall Cavendish. p. 22. ISBN:9780761417866. Archived from the original on 2020-09-19. Retrieved 2016-07-29. golden age of art and culture.
↑  Randel, Don Michael. The Harvard Dictionary of Music (بالإنجليزية). Harvard University Press. p. 273. ISBN:9780674011632. Archived from the original on 2020-09-17. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Hopfner, Jonathan. Moon Living Abroad in South Korea (بالإنجليزية). Avalon Travel. p. 21. ISBN:9781612386324. Archived from the original on 2020-09-19. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Kim, Djun Kil. The History of Korea (بالإنجليزية). ABC-CLIO. p. 47. ISBN:9780313038532. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
↑  Kitagawa, Joseph. The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture (بالإنجليزية). Routledge. p. 348. ISBN:9781136875908. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2016-07-21.
↑  Gernet, Jacques (1996). A History of Chinese Civilization (بالإنجليزية). Cambridge University Press. p. 291. ISBN:9780521497817. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2016-07-21. Korea held a dominant position in the north-eastern seas.
↑  Reischauer, Edwin Oldfather. Ennins Travels in Tang China (بالإنجليزية). John Wiley & Sons Canada, Limited. pp. 276–283. ISBN:9780471070535. Retrieved 2016-07-21. "From what Ennin tells us, it seems that commerce between East China, Korea and Japan was, for the most part, in the hands of men from Silla. Here in the relatively dangerous waters on the eastern fringes of the world, they performed the same functions as did the traders of the placid Mediterranean on the western fringes. This is a historical fact of considerable significance but one which has received virtually no attention in the standard historical compilations of that period or in the modern books based on these sources. . . . While there were limits to the influence of the Koreans along the eastern coast of China, there can be no doubt of their dominance over the waters off these shores. . . . The days of Korean maritime dominance in the Far East actually were numbered, but in Ennin's time the men of Silla were still the masters of the seas in their part of the world."
↑  Kim, Djun Kil. The History of Korea, 2nd Edition (بالإنجليزية). ABC-CLIO. p. 3. ISBN:9781610695824. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-07-21.
↑  Seth, Michael J. A Concise History of Korea: From the Neolithic Period Through the Nineteenth Century (بالإنجليزية). Rowman & Littlefield. p. 65. ISBN:9780742540057. Archived from the original on 2012-11-12. Retrieved 2016-07-21.
↑  MacGregor, Neil. A History of the World in 100 Objects (بالإنجليزية). Penguin UK. ISBN:9780141966830. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
↑  Chŏng, Yang-mo; Smith, Judith G.; Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.). Arts of Korea (بالإنجليزية). Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 230. ISBN:9780870998508. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
↑  International, Rotary (Feb 1996). The Rotarian (بالإنجليزية). Rotary International. p. 28. Archived from the original on 2020-09-19. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
↑  Ross, Alan. After Pusan (بالإنجليزية). Faber & Faber. ISBN:9780571299355. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
↑  Mason، David A. "Gyeongju, Korea's treasure house". Korea.net. Korean Culture and Information Service (KOCIS). مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-09-04. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2016-09-30.
↑  Adams, Edward Ben. Koreaʾs pottery heritage (بالإنجليزية). Seoul International Pub. House. p. 53. Archived from the original on 2020-09-19. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
↑  Mun, Chanju; Green, Ronald S. Buddhist Exploration of Peace and Justice (بالإنجليزية). Blue Pine Books. p. 147. ISBN:9780977755301. Archived from the original on 2020-08-01. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  McIntire, Suzanne; Burns, William E. Speeches in World History (بالإنجليزية). Infobase Publishing. p. 87. ISBN:9781438126807. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Jr, Robert E. Buswell; Jr, Donald S. Lopez. The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism (بالإنجليزية). Princeton University Press. p. 187. ISBN:9781400848058. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Poceski, Mario. Ordinary Mind as the Way: The Hongzhou School and the Growth of Chan Buddhism (بالإنجليزية). Oxford University Press. p. 24. ISBN:9780198043201. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Wu, Jiang; Chia, Lucille. Spreading Buddha's Word in East Asia: The Formation and Transformation of the Chinese Buddhist Canon (بالإنجليزية). Columbia University Press. p. 155. ISBN:9780231540193. Archived from the original on 2020-08-19. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Wright, Dale S. The Zen Canon: Understanding the Classic Texts (بالإنجليزية). Oxford University Press. ISBN:9780199882182. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Su-il, Jeong (18 Jul 2016). The Silk Road Encyclopedia (بالإنجليزية). Seoul Selection. ISBN:9781624120763. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Nikaido, Yoshihiro (28 Oct 2015). Asian Folk Religion and Cultural Interaction (بالإنجليزية). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 137. ISBN:9783847004851. Archived from the original on 2020-07-29. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Leffman, David; Lewis, Simon; Atiyah, Jeremy (2003). China (بالإنجليزية). Rough Guides. p. 519. ISBN:9781843530190. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Leffman, David (2 Jun 2014). The Rough Guide to China (بالإنجليزية). Penguin. ISBN:9780241010372. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: China (بالإنجليزية). Penguin. 21 Jun 2016. p. 240. ISBN:9781465455673. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2016-07-29.
↑  Old records of Silla 新羅古記(Silla gogi): ... 高麗舊將祚榮
↑  Rhymed Chronicles of Sovereigns 帝王韻紀(Jewang ungi): ... 前麗舊將大祚榮
↑  Solitary Cloud 孤雲集(Gounjib): ... 渤海之源流也句驪未滅之時本爲疣贅部落靺羯之屬寔繁有徒是名栗末小蕃甞逐句驪, 內徙其首領乞四羽及大祚榮等至武后臨朝之際自營州作孼而逃輒據荒丘始稱振國時有句驪遺燼勿吉雜流梟音則嘯聚白山鴟義則喧張黑姶與契丹濟惡旋於突厥通謀萬里耨苗累拒渡遼之轍十年食葚晚陳降漢之旗.
↑  Solitary Cloud 孤雲集(Gounjip): ... 其酋長大祚榮, 始受臣藩第五品大阿餐之秩
↑  Comprehensive Institutions 通典(Tongdian): ... 渤海夲栗末靺鞨至其酋祚榮立國自號震旦, 先天中 玄宗王子始去靺鞨號專稱渤海
↑  Injae, Lee; Miller, Owen; Jinhoon, Park; Hyun-Hae, Yi (15 Dec 2014). Korean History in Maps (بالإنجليزية). Cambridge University Press. pp. 64–65. ISBN:9781107098466. Archived from the original on 2020-08-01. Retrieved 2017-02-24.