الصوم الكبير
مراجع

↑  Comparative Religion For Dummies. للأغبياء. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2011-03-08. This is the day Lent begins. Christians go to church to pray and have a cross drawn in ashes on their foreheads. The ashes drawn on ancient tradition represent repentance before God. The holiday is part of Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Methodist, and Episcopalian liturgies, among others.
↑  Gassmann، Günther (4 يناير 2001). Historical Dictionary of Lutheranism. Scarecrow Press, Inc. ص. 180. ISBN:081086620X.
↑  Benedict، Philip (3 مارس 2014). Christ's Churches Purely Reformed: A Social History of Calvinism. Yale University Press. ص. 506. ISBN:030010507X.
↑  Mennonite Stew - A Glossary: Lent. Third Way Café. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2014-12-19. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-02-24. Traditionally, Lent was not observed by the Mennonite church, and only recently have more modern Mennonite churches started to focus on the six week season preceding Easter.
↑  Brumley، Jeff. "Lent not just for Catholics, but also for some Baptists and other evangelicals". The Florida Times Union. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-09-28. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-03-03.
↑  Koonse، Emma (5 مارس 2014). "Ash Wednesday Today, Christians Observe First Day of Lent". The Christian Post. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-27. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-04-19. Although some denominations do not practice the application of ashes to the forehead as a mark of public commitment on Ash Wednesday, those that do include Catholics, Anglicans, Lutherans, Methodists, Presbyterians, and some Baptist followers.
↑  "What does The United Methodist Church say about fasting?" (بالإنجليزية). The United Methodist Church. Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
↑  Barrows, Susanna; Room, Robin (1991). Drinking: Behavior and Belief in Modern History (بالإنجليزية). University of California Press. p. 340. ISBN:9780520070851. Archived from the original on 2017-01-24. Retrieved 2014-05-02. The main legally enforced prohibition in both Catholic and Anglican countries was that against meat. During Lent, the most prominent annual season of fasting in Catholic and Anglican churches, authorities enjoined abstinence from meat and sometimes "white meats" (cheese, milk, and eggs); in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England butchers and victuallers were bound by heavy recognizances not to slaughter or sell meat on the weekly "fish days," Friday and Saturday.
↑  Lund، Eric (يناير 2002). Documents from the History of Lutheranism, 1517-1750. Fortress Press. ص. 166. ISBN:9781451407747. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-05-02. Of the Eating of Meat: One should abstain from the eating of meat on Fridays and Saturdays, also in fasts, and this should be observed as an external ordinance at the command of his Imperial Majesty.
↑  Vitz, Evelyn Birge (1991). A Continual Feast (بالإنجليزية). Ignatius Press. p. 80. ISBN:9780898703849. Archived from the original on 2017-01-25. Retrieved 2014-05-02. In the Orthodox groups, on ordinary Wednesdays and Fridays no meat, olive oil, wine, or fish can be consumed.
↑  التعليم المسيحي للشبيبة الكاثوليكية - بالعربية، مجموعة من الأساقفة بموافقة البابا بندكت السادس عشر، مكتب الشبيبة البطريركي، بكركي 2012، ص.159