الموثوقية التاريخية للأناجيل
المراجع والملاحظات

↑  Bruce, F. F. (1977), Paul and Jesus, London: SPCK, pp.19-29; cf. Rom 1:1-4, 1 Cor 11:23-26, 1 Cor 2:8, and 1 Cor 15:3-8
↑  Oscar Cullmann, The Earliest Christian Confessions, translated by J. K. S. Reid, (London: Lutterworth, 1949)
↑ Neufeld, The Earliest Christian Confessions (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964) p. 47
Reginald H. Fuller, The Formation of the Resurrection Narratives (New York: Macmillan, 1971) p. 10
Wolfhart Pannenberg, Jesus – God and Man translated Lewis Wilkins and Duane Pribe (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1968) p. 90
Oscar Cullmann, The Earlychurch: Studies in Early Christian History and Theology, ed. A. J. B. Higgins (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1966) p. 64
Hans Conzelmann, 1 Corinthians, translated James W. Leitch (Philadelphia: Fortress 1969) p. 251
Bultmann, Theology of the New Testament vol. 1 pp. 45, 80–82, 293
R. E. Brown, The Virginal Conception and Bodily Resurrection of Jesus (New York: Paulist Press, 1973) pp. 81, 92
↑  see Wolfhart Pannenberg, Jesus – God and Man translated Lewis Wilkins and Duane Pribe (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1968)p. 90; Oscar Cullmann, The Early church: Studies in Early Christian History and Theology, ed. A. J. B. Higgins (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1966) p. 66–66; R. E. Brown, The Virginal Conception and Bodily Resurrection of Jesus (New York: Paulist Press, 1973) pp. 81; Thomas Sheehan, First Coming: How the Kingdom of God Became Christianity (New York: Random House, 1986 pp. 110, 118; Ulrich Wilckens, Resurrection translated A. M. Stewart (Edinburgh: Saint Andrew, 1977) p. 2; Hans Grass, Ostergeschen und Osterberichte, Second Edition (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1962) p96; Grass favors the origin in Damascus.
↑  Hans von Campenhausen, "The Events of Easter and the Empty Tomb," in Tradition and Life in the Church (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1968) p. 44
↑  Archibald Hunter, Works and Words of Jesus (1973) p. 100
↑  James L. Bailey؛ Lyle D. Vander Broek (1992). Literary forms in the New Testament: a handbook. Westminster John Knox Press. ص. 83–. ISBN:978-0-664-25154-3. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-11-11. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-07-31.
↑  Cullmann, Confessions p. 32
↑  Bultmann, Theology of the New Testament vol 1, pp. 49, 81; Joachim Jeremias, The Eucharistic Words of Jesus translated Norman Perrin (London: SCM Press, 1966) p. 102
↑  Wolfhart Pannenberg, Jesus – God and Man translated Lewis Wilkins and Duane Pribe (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1968) pp. 118, 283, 367; Neufeld, The Earliest Christian Confessions (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964) pp. 7, 50; C. H. Dodd, The Apostolic Preaching and its Developments (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980) p. 14
↑  Reginald Fuller, The Foundations of New Testament Christology (New York: Scriner's, 1965) pp. 214, 216, 227, 239; Joachim Jeremias, The Eucharistic Words of Jesus translated Norman Perrin (London: SCM Press, 1966) p. 102; Neufeld, The Earliest Christian Confessions (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964) pp. 7, 9, 128
↑  Julius Africanus, Extant Writings XVIII in Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. A. Roberts and J. Donaldson (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973) vol. VI, p. 130
↑  Lucian, The Death of Peregrine, 11–13 in The Works of Lucian of Samosata, translated by H. W. Fowler (Oxford: Clarendon, 1949) vol. 4
↑  Morton Smith, Jesus the Magician: Charlatan or Son of God? (1978) pp. 78–79.
↑  Celsus the First Nietzsche نسخة محفوظة 20 يناير 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Bruce، F.F. (1981). The New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable?. InterVarsity Press. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-08-19.
↑  Chronicle, Olympiad 202, trans. Carrier (1999).
↑  Tertullian, Apologeticus, Chapter 21, 19 cited in Bouw, G. D. (1998, Spring). The darkness during the crucifixion. The Biblical Astronomer, 8(84).  Retrieved November 30, 2006 from . نسخة محفوظة 09 يونيو 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Tertullian, Apologeticus, Chapter 21, 19 نسخة محفوظة 09 يونيو 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Ussher, J., & Pierce, L. (Trans.)(2007). Annals of the World [p. 822]. Green Forest, AR: New Leaf Publishing Group. ISBN 0-89051-510-7
↑  Josephus Antiquities 18.3.3 نسخة محفوظة 18 أكتوبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Alice Whealey, Josephus on Jesus (New York, 2003) p.194.
↑  Vermes, Géza. (1987). The Jesus notice of Josephus re-examined. Journal of Jewish Studies
↑  Josephus Antiquities 20:9.1 نسخة محفوظة 01 يوليو 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Louis H. Feldman, "Josephus" Anchor Bible Dictionary, Vol. 3, pp. 990–91
↑  Tacitus, Annals 15.44 (Latin, English and also at Fordham.edu) نسخة محفوظة 14 أغسطس 2014 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Robert Van Voorst, Jesus Outside the New Testament, pp. 42–43 as quoted at earlychristianwritings.com نسخة محفوظة 11 مايو 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Robert E. Van Voorst (2000). Jesus Outside the New Testament: An Introduction to the Ancient Evidence. Wm. B. Eerdmans. ص. 43. See also the criterion of embarrassment
↑  Theissen and Merz p.83
↑  Iudaeos, impulsore Chresto, assidue tumultuantes Roma expulit; Uchicago.edu نسخة محفوظة 2023-03-07 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  see his translation of Suetonius, Claudius 25, in The Twelve Caesars (Baltimore: Penguin, 1957), and his introduction p. 7, cf. p. 197
↑  Francois Amiot, Jesus A Historical Person p. 8; F. F. Bruce, Christian Origins p. 21
↑  Singer، Rabbi Tovia. "Does the Hebrew Word Alma Really Mean "Virgin"?". outreachjudaism.org. Outreach Judaism. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-17. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-07-15.
1 2 3 4 5  Theissen, Gerd and Annette Merz. The historical Jesus: a comprehensive guide. Fortress Press. 1998. translated from German (1996 edition)
↑  Sanhedrin 43a.
↑  Ancient Syriac Documents. A Letter of Mara, Son of Serapion نسخة محفوظة 15 نوفمبر 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Douglas R. Edwards (2004). Religion and society in Roman Palestine: old questions, new approaches. Routledge. ص. 164–. ISBN:978-0-415-30597-6. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-05-17. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-08-04.
↑  Henry Chadwick (2003). The Church in ancient society: from Galilee to Gregory the Great. Oxford University Press. ص. 15–. ISBN:978-0-19-926577-0. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-24. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-08-04.
↑  George J. Brooke (1 مايو 2005). The Dead Sea scrolls and the New Testament. Fortress Press. ص. 20–. ISBN:978-0-8006-3723-1. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-24. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-08-04.
1 2 3  Cline، Eric H. (2009). Biblical Archaeology : A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN:0195342631.
↑  Evans، Craig. "The Archaeological Evidence For Jesus". Huffington Post. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-05-08.
↑  "The House of Peter: The Home of Jesus in Capernaum?". Biblical Archaeology Society. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-18.
↑  James H. Charlesworth, Jesus and archaeology, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2006. p 566
↑  Howe, Thomas, "When Critics Ask" (Wheaton Ill: Victor, 1992), 385.
↑  Powell، Mark (1989). What are they saying about Luke?. Paulist Press. ص. 6. ISBN:0-8091-3111-0. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-08-20.