ماذاعنية
مراجع

↑  عامر, مجد أبو (16 Mar 2019). "حراك "بدنا نعيش": تفكيك المقدس الحمساوي". فسحة - ثقافية فلسطينية (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2019-04-15. Retrieved 2019-05-16.
↑  "تحديات الرقمنة في اللغة العربية". Al Jazeera Media Institute (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2020-03-01. Retrieved 2019-05-16.
↑  "«الماذاعنية»". Middle East Transparent. 28 يونيو 2019. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-07-18. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-09-10.
↑  "وينكم عن.. قطر". جريدة الرياض. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-10-05. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-05-16.
1 2  "whataboutism"، Oxford Living Dictionaries، دار نشر جامعة أكسفورد، 2017، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-03-09، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-21، Origin - 1990s: from the way in which counter-accusations may take the form of questions introduced by 'What about —?'. ... Also called whataboutery
↑  Zimmer، Ben (9 يونيو 2017). "The Roots of the 'What About?' Ploy". وول ستريت جورنال. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-13. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-22. "Whataboutism" is another name for the logical fallacy of "tu quoque" (Latin for "you also"), in which an accusation is met with a counter-accusation, pivoting away from the original criticism. The strategy has been a hallmark of Soviet and post-Soviet propaganda, and some commentators have accused President Donald Trump of mimicking Mr. Putin's use of the technique.
↑  "whataboutism"، قاموس كامبريدج المتقدم للمتعلم، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-09-02
1 2  Kurtzleben، Danielle (17 مارس 2017). "Trump Embraces One Of Russia's Favorite Propaganda Tactics — Whataboutism". الإذاعة الوطنية العامة. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-02. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-05-20. This particular brand of changing the subject is called 'whataboutism' – a simple rhetorical tactic heavily used by the Soviet Union and, later, Russia.
1 2  Sakwa، Richard (2015)، Frontline Ukraine: Crisis in the Borderlands، I.B.Tauris، ص. 216، ISBN:978-1784530648
1 2  Trudolyubov، Maxim (15 يناير 2017)، "How Putin succeeded in undermining our institutions"، نيوزويك، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-02، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، The way the Kremlin has always reacted to reports about corruption or arbitrary police rule, or the state of Russia's penal institutions, is by generating similar reports about the West. Whatever the other party says the answer is always the same: 'Look who's talking.' This age-old technique, dubbed 'whataboutism', is in essence an appeal to hypocrisy; its only purpose is to discredit the opponent, not to refute the original argument.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7  Staff writer (31 يناير 2008). "Whataboutism - Come again, Comrade?". ذي إيكونوميست. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-05-10. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03. Soviet propagandists during the cold war were trained in a tactic that their western interlocutors nicknamed 'whataboutism'.
1 2 3  Staff writer (11 ديسمبر 2008). "The West is in danger of losing its moral authority". European Voice. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-02. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03. 'Whataboutism' was a favourite tactic of Soviet propagandists during the old Cold War. Any criticism of the Soviet Union's internal aggression or external repression was met with a 'what about?' some crime of the West, from slavery to the Monroe doctrine.
1 2 3  Lucas، Edward (7 فبراير 2017)، "Trump has become Putin's ally in Russia's war on the West"، سي إن إن، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-26، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، 'Whataboutism' was a favorite Kremlin propaganda technique during the Cold War. It aimed to portray the West as so morally flawed that its criticism of the Soviet empire was hypocritical.
1 2  Zimmer، Ben (9 يونيو 2017). "The Roots of the 'What About?' Ploy". وول ستريت جورنال. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-13.
↑  "whataboutery"، Oxford Living Dictionaries، دار نشر جامعة أكسفورد، 2017، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-26
↑  Richards, Molly (13 Sep 2017). "Whataboutery and whataboutism – what's it all about?". OxfordWords blog (بالإنجليزية البريطانية). Archived from the original on 2017-10-05. Retrieved 2017-09-26.
1 2 3  "What About 'Whataboutism?'". Merriam Webster. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-13. The association of whataboutism with the Soviet Union began during the Cold War.
↑  Umland، Andreas (8 مارس 2017)، "The Ukrainian Government's Memory Institute Against the West"، IndraStra Global، ج. 3، ISSN:2381-3652، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-26، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-23، Instead, apologetic Ukrainian polemists regularly react to criticism by domestic and foreign observers with, what was known during Soviet times, as 'whataboutism': What about Polish whitewashing of the past? What about Israel's selective memory? What about crimes by other national liberation movements?
1 2  Ioffe، Julia (1 يونيو 2012)، "Russia's Syrian Excuse"، النيويوركر، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-08-13، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، This posture is a defense tactic, the Kremlin's way of adapting to a new post-Cold War geopolitical reality. 'Whataboutism' was a popular tactic even back in Soviet days, for example, but objectivity wasn't.
1 2  Seddon، Max (25 نوفمبر 2014)، "Russia Is Trolling The U.S. Over Ferguson Yet Again"، بزفيد، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-02-20، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، Since the Cold War, Moscow has engaged in a political points-scoring exercise known as 'whataboutism' used to shut down criticism of Russia's own rights record by pointing out abuses elsewhere. All criticism of Russia is invalid, the idea goes, because problems exist in other countries too.
↑  Elder، Miriam (26 أبريل 2012). "Want a response from Putin's office? Russia's dry-cleaning is just the ticket". الغارديان. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-14. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2012-05-16.
1 2  Buckley، Neil (11 يونيو 2012)، "The return of whataboutism"، فاينانشال تايمز، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2012-06-11، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، Soviet-watchers called it 'whataboutism'. This was the Communist-era tactic of deflecting foreign criticism of, say, human rights abuses, by pointing, often disingenuously, at something allegedly similar in the critic's own country: 'Ah, but what about…?'
↑  Zimmer، Ben (9 يونيو 2017)، "The Roots of the 'What About?' Ploy"، وول ستريت جورنال، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-13، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، In his interview with NBC's Megyn Kelly on Sunday, Russian President Vladimir Putin employed the tried-and-true tactic of 'whataboutism'.
↑  Harding، Luke (1 أغسطس 2013)، "Edward Snowden asylum case is a gift for Vladimir Putin"، الغارديان، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-02، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، Russia's president is already a master of 'whataboutism' – indeed, it is practically a national ideology.
↑  Ioffe، Julia (2 مارس 2014)، "Kremlin TV Loves Anti-War Protests—Unless Russia Is the One Waging War – Studies in 'whataboutism'"، ذا نيو ريببلك، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-06-22، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03
↑  Bershidsky، Leonid (13 سبتمبر 2016)، "Hack of Anti-Doping Agency Poses New Ethical Questions"، بلومبيرغ نيوز، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2018-10-19، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، Russian officials protested that other nations were no better, but these objections – which were in line with a Russian tradition of whataboutism – were swept aside.
↑  Mackey، Robert (19 أغسطس 2014)، "Russia, Iran and Egypt Heckle U.S. About Tactics in Ferguson"، نيويورك تايمز، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، officials in Moscow have long relied on discussions of racial inequality in the United States to counter criticism of their own human rights abuses. 'The now sacred Russian tactic of "whataboutism" started with civil rights,' Ms. Ioffe wrote. 'Whenever the U.S. pointed to Soviet human rights violations, the Soviets had an easy riposte. "Well, you," they said, "lynch Negros.قالب:"'
↑  Dougherty، Jill (14 أغسطس 2014)، "Ferguson Will Make It Harder for America to Set a Good Example Abroad"، ذا نيو ريببلك، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-31، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، The now sacred Russian tactic of 'whataboutism' started with civil rights: Whenever the U.S. pointed to Soviet human rights violations, the Soviets had an easy riposte. 'Well, you,' they said, 'lynch Negros.'
1 2  "Power, money and principle – Defending political freedom in Russia and Britain"، ذي إيكونوميست، 4 ديسمبر 2008، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-08-11، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05، 'Whataboutism' was a favourite tactic of Soviet propagandists during the old Cold War. Any criticism of the Soviet Union's internal repression or external aggression was met by asking 'what about' some crime of the West, from slavery to the Monroe doctrine. In the era when political prisoners rotted in Siberia and you could be shot for trying to leave the socialist paradise, whataboutism was little more than a debating tactic. Most people inside the Soviet Union, particularly towards the end, knew that their system was based on lies and murder.
↑  von Eggert، Konstantin (25 يوليو 2012). "Due West: 'Whataboutism' Is Back – and Thriving". Sputnik International. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-06. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2018-01-14.
1 2  Stevenson، Angus، المحرر (2010)، "whataboutism"، قاموس أكسفورد الإنجليزي الجديد، دار نشر جامعة أكسفورد، DOI:10.1093/acref/9780199571123.001.0001، ISBN:9780199571123، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-31، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-23، Origin - 1990s: from the way in which counter-accusations may take the form of questions introduced by 'What about —?'
↑  "whataboutism"، Oxford Living Dictionaries، دار نشر جامعة أكسفورد، 2017، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-03-09، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-21، Origin - 1990s: from the way in which counter-accusations may take the form of questions introduced by 'What about —?'. ... Also called whataboutery
1 2 3  Zimmer، Ben (9 يونيو 2017). "The Roots of the 'What About?' Ploy". وول ستريت جورنال. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-13. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-22. The term was popularized by articles in 2007 and 2008 by Edward Lucas, senior editor at the Economist. Mr. Lucas, who served as the magazine's Moscow bureau chief from 1998 to 2002, saw 'whataboutism' as a typical Cold War style of argumentation, with "the Kremlin's useful idiots" seeking to "match every Soviet crime with a real or imagined western one".
↑  Lucas، Edward (29 أكتوبر 2007). "In Russia's shadow – The Kremlin's useful idiots". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-01-16. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-22. It is not a bad tactic. Every criticism needs to be put in a historical and geographical context. A country that has solved most of its horrible problems deserves praise, not to be lambasted for those that remain. Similarly, behaviour that may be imperfect by international standards can be quite good for a particular neighbourhood.
↑  Trudolyubov، Maxim (11 يناير 2017)، "No Beacon On the Hill: Trump's Win in the Mirror of the Soviet Collapse"، موسكو تايمز، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-02-17، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، This age-old technique, dubbed 'whataboutism', is in essence an appeal to hypocrisy; its only purpose is to discredit the opponent, not to refute the original argument.
↑  Taylor، Adam (27 أغسطس 2014)، "North Korea: Ferguson was a 'disgrace' and the United States is now 'laughingstock of the world'"، واشنطن بوست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05، Of course, this all seems like a big case of 'whataboutism' – an appeal to hypocrisy designed to undercut a critic's argument by pointing out that they have too done things they should be criticized for. It's a 'Tu quoque' or 'you, too' argument, and ultimately a logical fallacy, designed not to address the criticism but distract from it.
↑  Sabiti، Bernard (28 أغسطس 2015)، "Mwenda Attack On Obama Beside the Point"، Africa News Service – عبر إنفوتراك {{استشهاد}}: الوسيط غير المعروف |agency= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)
↑  Moynihan، Michael (9 مارس 2014)، "How to Justify Russian Aggression"، ذا ديلي بيست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-02، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05، whataboutism, the debate tactic demanding that questions about morally indefensible acts committed by your side be deflected with pettifogging discussion of unrelated sins committed by your opponent's side.
↑  Bennetts، Marc (5 فبراير 2014)، "Critics of Russia need not resort to hyperbole"، الغارديان، ص. 30
↑  "On Kizza Besigye's Election Bid and the Place of Principles"، Africa News Service، 14 أغسطس 2015 – عبر إنفوتراك {{استشهاد}}: الوسيط غير المعروف |agency= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)
↑  Taylor، Adam (12 سبتمبر 2015)، "The masterful Russian tweet that exposed Britain's foreign policy panic"، واشنطن بوست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05، 'whataboutism', a disingenuous message designed to deflect criticism of its own actions rather than present real criticism.
↑  Christensen، Christian (26 يناير 2015)، "We need 'whataboutism' now more than ever"، قناة الجزيرة أمريكا، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-01-11، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05
↑  Skillen، Daphne (2016)، Freedom of Speech in Russia: Politics and Media from Gorbachev to Putin، BASEES/Routledge Series on Russian and East European Studies، روتليدج، ص. 30, 110, 296، ISBN:978-1138787667
↑  Judge، Michael (22 مارس 2017)، "Q&A: Garry Kasparov on the press and propaganda in Trump's America"، مجلة كولومبيا للصحافة  ‏، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-07-09، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، Moral relativism, 'whataboutism', has always been a favorite weapon of illiberal regimes. For a US president to employ it against his own country is tragic. Trump repeating Putin's words—and nearly Stalin's—by calling the press the عدو الشعب, has repercussions around the world.{{استشهاد}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: علامات ترقيم زائدة (link)
↑  Osnos، Evan؛ Remnick، David؛ Yaffa، Joshua (6 مارس 2017)، "Trump, Putin, and the New Cold War"، النيويوركر، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-11-09، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03
↑  Weiss، Michael (21 يوليو 2016)، "Donald Trump Is Sucking Up and Selling Out to Putin"، ذا ديلي بيست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-02، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05
↑  Rubin، Jennifer (7 مارس 2017)، "Trump is doubling down on Obama's errors"، واشنطن بوست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05
↑  Whitmore، Brian (6 سبتمبر 2016)، "Deconstructing Whataboutism"، The Morning Vertical – عبر HighBeam Research، Deconstructing Whataboutism - In the second part of its guide to Russian propaganda, Euromaidan Press takes a look at 'Whataboutism'. {{استشهاد}}: الوسيط غير المعروف |agency= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)
↑  Video designer: Ganna Naronina; video script and idea: Alex Leonor, Alya Shandra (5 سبتمبر 2016)، A guide to Russian propaganda. Part 2: Whataboutism (video)، يوتيوب، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-11-05، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03 {{استشهاد}}: الوسيط غير المعروف |agency= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link)
↑  Dougherty، Jill (24 يوليو 2016)، "Olympic doping ban unleashes fury in Moscow"، سي إن إن، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-03، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، There's another attitude ... that many Russians seem to share, what used to be called in the Soviet Union 'whataboutism', in other words, 'who are you to call the kettle black?'
↑  "Why the what-about-ism?"، ذي إيكونوميست، Democracy in America: American politics، 20 مارس 2017، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2017-08-12، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، One of the most trusted Soviet techniques during the Cold War came to be known in the West as 'what-about-ism'. Faced with an accusation, for example that the Soviet Union worked political dissidents to death in prison camps, the propagandist would respond: well, what about those black men being forced to work on chain gangs in the South? This was effective, because by the time anyone had explained that the two are not, in fact, morally equivalent, the technique had done its work, changing the subject away from the gulag.
↑  Umland، Andreas (8 مارس 2017)، "The Ukrainian Government's Memory Institute Against the West"، IndraStra Global، ج. 3، ISSN:2381-3652، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-26، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-23، Instead, apologetic Ukrainian polemists regularly react to criticism by domestic and foreign observers with, what was known during Soviet times, as 'whataboutism': What about Polish whitewashing of the past? What about Israel's selective memory? What about crimes by other national liberation movements?
↑  Headley، James (سبتمبر 2015)، "Challenging the EU's claim to moral authority: Russian talk of'double standards'"، Asia Europe Journal، ج. 13، ص. 297–307، DOI:10.1007/s10308-015-0417-y، Soviet-style 'whataboutism' which signifies a revival of Cold War-style propaganda
↑  Saradzhyan، Simon (2014)، "Crimea is just one episode in Russia's long game in post-Soviet Eurasia"، 21st Century، ج. 1، ص. 15، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، Russian diplomats have been lately criticized for restoring the Soviet habit of 'whataboutism'
↑  Wilson، Jeanne L. (2016)، "Cultural Statecraft in the Russian and Chinese Contexts: Domestic and International Implications"، Problems of Post-Communism، ج. 63، ص. 135–145، DOI:10.1080/10758216.2015.1132630، Soviet-style practice of 'whataboutism' (which abandons the practice of dispassionate journalism), with a focus on discrediting the policies of the US government
↑  Glavin، Terry (30 نوفمبر 2016)، "Sorry liberals, you're dead wrong about Fidel Castro"، Ottawa Citizen، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، What about how beastly the United States has been to the indigenous Hawaiians? What about all the Filipinos killed by Americans? What about the conquest of the northern half of Mexico? What about the ghastly friendships the United States has cultivated over the years in Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua? What about the poor Palestinians? What about all the seedy allies the United States is taking on in its so-called War on Terror?
↑  Khazan، Olga (2 أغسطس 2013). "The Soviet-Era Strategy That Explains What Russia Is Doing With Snowden". ذا أتلانتيك. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-29. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03. Whataboutistm: a rhetorical defense that alleges hypocrisy from the accuser. ... it allows the Kremlin a moment of whataboutism, a favorite, Soviet-era appeal to hypocrisy: Russia is not that bad, you see, because other countries have also committed various misdeeds, and what about those?
↑  Akyol، Mustafa (7 مارس 2017)، "How Germany accidentally gave Erdogan a boost ahead of key vote"، المونيتور، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-02، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، 'Whataboutism'. This was a term originally coined to describe Soviet propaganda during the Cold War about the 'real democracy' in the USSR and the hypocrisy in the West. All criticisms about the Soviet condition would be dismissed by pointing to flaws and double standards in the West, real or perceived, and asking 'What about this?' 'What about that?' The real issue at stake, that the USSR was a brutal dictatorship, was never addressed.
↑  Taylor، Adam (12 أبريل 2017)، "How the Russian Embassy in London uses Twitter to undermine the West"، واشنطن بوست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-31، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03
↑  Weiss، Michael (4 نوفمبر 2016)، "Russian Dressing: When Donald Trump Was More Anti-NATO Than Vladimir Putin"، ذا ديلي بيست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-11-03، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، In stark contrast with his predecessors for high office, he also regularly traffics in 'whataboutism', a Soviet-honed method of changing the conversation.
↑  Garver، Rob (18 ديسمبر 2015)، "Donald Trump's New Role: Apologist for Vladimir Putin"، The Fiscal Times، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، In the depths of the Cold War, when the U.S. and the Soviet Union were locked in a global battle of ideas about how governments should treat their people and what political forms were best at delivering peace and prosperity, a particular style of argument became popular and was given the ironic name, 'whataboutism'. ... During the Cold War, whataboutism was generally the province of Soviet spokesmen and their defenders in the West.
↑  Nikitin، Vadim، "The long read: From Russia with love – how Putin is winning over hearts and minds"، ذا ناشيونال، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2016-02-04، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، During the Cold War, such 'whataboutism' was used by the Kremlin to counter any criticism of Soviet policy with retorts about American slavery or British imperialism. The strategy remains an effective rhetorical weapon to this day.
↑  Foxall، Andrew (16 نوفمبر 2014)، "Crimea, Chechnya and Putin's Double Standards"، موسكو تايمز، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-02-17، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، Those wishing to understand Putin's linguistic gymnastics should look up 'whataboutism'. The term emerged at the height of the Cold War and described a favorite tactic of Soviet propagandists – the tendency to deflect any criticism of the Soviet Union by saying 'what about' a different situation or problem in the West. As Putin's language suggests, the practice is alive and well in today's Russia. Whataboutism is a way of shutting down discussion, discouraging critical thinking, and opposing open debate. It is a key feature of Russian politics these days.
↑  Taylor، Adam (30 ديسمبر 2014)، "What if North Korea didn't hack Sony?"، واشنطن بوست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، They are a modern take on the 'whataboutism' deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. The logic behind 'whataboutism' isn't to deny your own crimes, of course. It's to say that those accusing you are hypocritical and unfairly targeting you.
↑  Miller، Christopher (29 أبريل 2015)، "Russian media is loving the Baltimore riots"، ماشابل، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-07-12، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، Russia's propaganda machine got to work exploiting the unrest with what is known locally as 'whataboutism'. In the Soviet era, any criticism of the Motherland – such human rights violations or censorship – was met with a 'what about...' in an attempt to redirect attention away from Moscow.
↑  "Russian and Ukrainian Propaganda Through the Looking Glass"، Russia!، Russia! magazine، 9 May 2015، مؤرشف من الأصل في 12 يوليو 2019، اطلع عليه بتاريخ أغسطس 2020، a textbook example of every possible Soviet cliché, particularly and most glaringly whataboutism. {{استشهاد}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ الوصول= (مساعدة)
↑  Adomanis، Mark (5 أبريل 2015)، "U.S. Should Think Twice Before Criticizing Russia"، موسكو تايمز، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-02-17، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-03، Whataboutism's efficacy decreased for a certain period of time, in no small part because many of the richest targets (like the Jim Crow racial segregation laws) were reformed out of existence, but it has made something of a rebound over the past few years.
↑  MacDonald، Euan (9 June 2017)، "Euan MacDonald: Ukraine's Friend & Foe Of The Week"، Kyiv Post، مؤرشف من الأصل في 26 أغسطس 2018، اطلع عليه بتاريخ أغسطس 2020، Putin dodged, just as a trained KGB officer would do. He even engaged in the favorite Kremlin 'whataboutism' {{استشهاد}}: تحقق من التاريخ في: |تاريخ الوصول= (مساعدة)
↑  Kovalev، Alexey (22 مارس 2017)، "'You're Fake News!': Russia Borrows the Worst from the West"، موسكو تايمز، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-02-17، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، In Russia, screaming 'fake news' as a response to any criticism has an older relative in 'whataboutism' — a rhetorical fallacy favored by both Soviet and modern Russian propaganda, where Moscow's actions are justified by references to real or perceived crimes and slights by the Kremlin's foes abroad.
↑  Szostek، Joanna (يونيو 2017)، "The Power and Limits of Russia's Strategic Narrative in Ukraine: The Role of Linkage"، Perspectives on Politics، ج. 15، ص. 379–395، DOI:10.1017/S153759271700007X، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، Disinformation and 'whataboutism' undoubtedly feature strongly in Russian state-sponsored media content
↑  Pomerantsev، Peter؛ Weiss، Michael (2014)، The menace of unreality: How the Kremlin weaponizes information, culture and money (PDF)، New York: Institute of Modern Russia، ص. 5، مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-05-11، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04، Russia combines Soviet-era 'whataboutism' and Chekist 'active measures' with a wised-up, post-modern smirk that says that everything is a sham. {{استشهاد}}: الوسيط غير المعروف |agency= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)
↑  Huseynov، Vasif (2016)، "Soft power geopolitics: how does the diminishing utility of military power affect the Russia-West confrontation over the 'Common Neighbourhood'"، Eastern Journal of European Studies، ج. 7، ص. 71–90، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-26، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-04
↑  Leveille، David (24 يناير 2017). "Russian journalist has advice for Americans covering Trump". يو إس إيه توداي. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-07. when you try to point out those inconsistencies or catch him red-handed lying, there's no point because he'll evade your question, he knows that he can just drown you in meaningless factoids or false moral equivalencies or by using what is called 'whataboutism'.
↑  Weiss، Michael (4 نوفمبر 2016)، "When Donald Trump Was More Anti-NATO Than Vladimir Putin"، ذا ديلي بيست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-11-03، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05، In stark contrast with his predecessors for high office, he also regularly traffics in 'whataboutism', a Soviet-honed method of changing the conversation. Whenever human rights abuses or the trampling of freedoms abroad is raised, he shifts to the real or perceived shortcomings of the United States.
↑  Sullivan، Jake (7 فبراير 2017). "The Slippery Slope of Trump's Dangerous 'Whataboutism'". فورين بوليسي. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-05-20. Now something new is happening. The American president is taking Putin's 'what about you' tactic and turning it into 'what about us?' He is taking the very appealing and very American impulse toward self-criticism and perverting it. It's simplistic, even childish – but more importantly, it's dangerous.
↑  "Recycling Israeli propaganda tactics to defend Saudi Arabia". التلفزيون العربي. 12 نوفمبر 2018. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-31.
1 2  "J Street just took over the Israel lobby, and says it represents US Jews (thanks to Trump)". موندوايس. 8 نوفمبر 2018. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30.
↑  "FACT CHECK: Why Israeli UN Envoy's Speech on Jerusalem Missed the Mark". هاآرتس. 22 ديسمبر 2017. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-06-05.
↑  "Et tu quoque, Trudeau? How Saudi trolls slammed Canada in a diplomatic spat". CBC Radio. 10 أغسطس 2018. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30.
↑  Chiu Sung Kei (12 فبراير 2017). "《Other Countries Also Have》". Ming Pao (Hong Kong). مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-02.
↑  "'I am a human rights professor,' Iranian FM Zarif responds to question on rights abuses". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-05-12.
↑  Westphal، Merold (1987). God, Guilt, and Death: An Existential Phenomenology of Religion. Bloomington, Ind: Indiana University Press. ص. 78. ISBN:978-0-253-20417-2.
↑  The Right Reverend John Austin Baker (يناير 1982). "Ireland and Northern Ireland" (PDF). The Furrow. ج. 33 ع. 1. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2018-06-01. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-08-09.
↑  Mazza، Ed (14 يونيو 2017)، "MSNBC's Chuck Todd Calls Out Partisan 'Toxic Stew' After Shooter Targets Congressmen"، هافينغتون بوست، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-02-08، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05
↑  Todd، Chuck (14 يونيو 2017)، "Chuck Todd: The Media Has 'A Role To Play' In Calling Out Caustic Rhetoric"، قابل الصحافة، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-03-01، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05 {{استشهاد}}: الوسيط غير المعروف |agency= تم تجاهله (مساعدة)
↑  Putz، Catherine (22 يوليو 2016). "Donald Trump's Whataboutism". The Diplomat. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-04-02. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-05-20.
↑  Gessen، Masha (18 فبراير 2017)، "In Praise of Hypocrisy"، نيويورك تايمز، مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-03-30، اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2017-07-05، This stance has breathed new life into the old Soviet propaganda tool of 'whataboutism', the trick of turning any argument against the opponent. When accused of falsifying elections, Russians retort that American elections are not unproblematic; when faced with accusations of corruption, they claim that the entire world is corrupt. This month, Mr. Trump employed the technique of whataboutism when he was asked about his admiration for Mr. Putin, whom the host Bill O'Reilly called 'a killer'.
↑  Austin، Joe (1994). "The Obdurate and the Obstinate". في Parker، Tony (المحرر). May the Lord in His Mercy be Kind to Belfast. هنري هولت وشركاه. ص. 136. ISBN:978-0805030532. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2019-12-15. And I'd no time at all for 'What aboutism' – you know, people who said 'Yes, but what about what's been done to us? ... That had nothing to do with it, and if you got into it you were defending the indefensible. {{استشهاد بكتاب}}: الوسيط غير المعروف |editor1link= تم تجاهله يقترح استخدام |editor-link1= (مساعدة)
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