الفن الكوشاني
مراجع

1 2  Stokstad, Marilyn; Cothren, Michael W. (2013). Art History (5th Edition) Chapter 10: Art Of South And Southeast Asia Before 1200 (بالإنجليزية). Pearson. pp. 306–308. ISBN:978-0205873487.
1 2  Holt, Frank Lee (1999). Thundering Zeus: The Making of Hellenistic Bactria (بالإنجليزية). University of California Press. p. 136. ISBN:9780520920095. Archived from the original on 2019-11-12.
↑  Duiker, William J.; Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2015). World History (بالإنجليزية). Cengage Learning. p. 279. ISBN:9781305537781. Archived from the original on 2020-07-24.
↑  Mookerji, Radhakumud (1997). The Gupta Empire (بالإنجليزية). Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 143. ISBN:9788120804401. Archived from the original on 2020-07-22.
↑  Gokhale, Balkrishna Govind (1995). Ancient India: History and Culture (بالإنجليزية). Popular Prakashan. pp. 171–173. ISBN:9788171546947. Archived from the original on 2020-08-10.
↑  Lowenstein, Tom (2012). The Civilization of Ancient India and Southeast Asia (بالإنجليزية). The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 53. ISBN:9781448885077. Archived from the original on 2020-07-24.
↑  Fedorov، Michael (2004). "On the origin of the Kushans with reference to numismatic and anthropological data" (PDF). Oriental Numismatic Society. ج. 181 ع. Autumn: 32. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2019-10-06.
1 2 3 4  Rowland، Benjamin (1971). "Graeco-Bactrian Art and Gandhāra: Khalchayan and the Gandhāra Bodhisattvas". Archives of Asian Art. ج. 25: 29–35. ISSN:0066-6637. JSTOR:20111029.
↑  "The knights in chain-mail armour have analogies in the Khalchayan reliefs depicting a battle of the Yuezhi against a Saka tribe (probably the Sakaraules). Apart from the chain-mail armour worn by the heavy cavalry of the enemies of the Yuezhi, the other characteristic sign of these warriors is long side-whiskers (...) We think it is possible to identify all these grotesque personages with long side-whiskers as enemies of the Yuezhi and relate them to the Sakaraules (...) Indeed these expressive ﬁgures with side-whiskers differ greatly from the tranquil and majestic faces and poses of the Yuezhi depictions." Abdullaev, Kazim (2007). "Nomad Migration in Central Asia (in After Alexander: Central Asia before Islam)". Proceedings of the British Academy (بالإنجليزية). 133: 89. Archived from the original on 2020-05-02.
1 2 3 4 5  Stokstad, Marilyn; Cothren, Michael W. (2014). Art History 5th Edition CH 10 Art Of South And Southeast Asia Before 1200 (بالإنجليزية). Pearson. pp. 306–308. ISBN:978-0205873470.
↑  Rhi، Juhyung (2018). Problems of Chronology in Gandharan Art (PDF). Archaeopress Archaeology. ص. 40–41. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2020-07-15.
1 2  Quintanilla, Sonya Rhie (2007). History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE (بالإنجليزية). BRILL. pp. 199–206. ISBN:9789004155374. Archived from the original on 2020-06-09.
↑  Stoneman, Richard (2019). The Greek Experience of India: From Alexander to the Indo-Greeks (بالإنجليزية). Princeton University Press. pp. 439–440. ISBN:9780691185385. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04.
↑  "Origin of the Buddha Image, June Coomaraswamy, p.300-301" (PDF). مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2016-12-20. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2019-11-04.
1 2  Stoneman, Richard (2019). The Greek Experience of India: From Alexander to the Indo-Greeks (بالإنجليزية). Princeton University Press. pp. 436–437. ISBN:9780691185385. Archived from the original on 2020-04-22.
↑  John Boardman, "The Diffusion of Classical Art in Antiquity", Princeton University Press, 1993, p.112
بوابة البوذية
بوابة التاريخ
بوابة الهند
بوابة فنون