ثقافة ألبانيا
مراجع

↑  The Tribes of Albania,: History, Society and Culture (ط. Robert Elsie). I.B.Tauris, 2015. 24 أبريل 2015. ص. 2. ISBN:9780857739322. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-10-16.
↑  Robert Elsie. "Geographical location". albanianlanguage (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2020-09-18.
↑  Mate Kapovi, Anna Giacalone Ramat, Paolo Ramat (20 Jan 2017). The Indo-European Languages - Routledge language family series (بالإنجليزية). Taylor & Francis, 2017. p. 552. ISBN:9781317391531. Archived from the original on 2020-10-16.{{استشهاد بكتاب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link)
↑  Lloshi 1999, p. 277. "The Albanians of today call themselves shqiptarë, their country Shqipëri, and their language shqipe. These terms came into use between the end of the 17th and beginning of the 18th centuries. Foreigners call them albanesi (Italian), Albaner (German), Albanians (English), Alvanos (Greek), and Arbanasi (old Serbian), the country Albania, Albanie, Albanien, Alvania, and Albanija, and the language Albanese, Albanisch, Albanian, Alvaniki, and Arbanashki respectively. All these words are derived from the name Albanoi of an Illyrian tribe and their center Albanopolis, noted by the astronomer of Alexandria, Ptolemy, in the 2nd century AD. Alban could he a plural of alb- arb-, denoting the inhabitants of the plains.
↑  Malcolm 1998, p. 29. "Nor is there any mystery about the origin of this name. In the second century Ptolemy referred to a tribe called the 'Albanoi', and located their town, 'Albanopolis', somewhere to the east of Durres."
↑  Mëniku & Campos 2012, p. 2. "Albanian is an Indo-European language, but like modern Greek and Armenian, it does not have any other closely related living language. Within the Indo-European family, it forms a group of its own. In Albanian, the language is called shqip. Albania is called Shqipëri, and the Albanians call themselves shqiptarë. Until the fifteenth century the language was known as Arbërisht or Arbnisht, which is still the name used for the language in Italy and Greece. The Greeks refer to all the varieties of Albanian spoken in Greece as Arvanitika. In the second century AD, Ptolemy, the Alexandrian mathematician, astronomer and geographer, used the name Albanoi to refer to an Illyrian tribe that used to live in what is now central Albania. During the Middle Ages the population of that area was referred to as Arbanori or Albanon. It is clear that the words Arbëresh, Arvanitika, and even Albanian and Albania are all related to the older name of the language."
↑  Ramadan Marmullaku - 1975, Albania and the Albanians - Page 5
↑  Land of Eagles: Riding Through Europe's Forgotten Country (ط. Robin Hanbury-Tenison). I.B.Tauris. 30 يونيو 2014. ص. 17. ISBN:9781780765020. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-10-16.
↑  Pinocacozza.it باللغة الألبانية باللغة الإيطالية نسخة محفوظة 30 ديسمبر 2019 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  Casanova. "Radio-Arberesh.eu". مؤرشف من الأصل في 2010-04-02. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2014-09-13.
↑  Kristo Frasheri. History of Albania (A Brief Overview). Tirana, 1964.
↑  Lloshi، Xhevat. "The Albanian Language" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. مؤرشف من الأصل (PDF) في 2011-07-09. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2010-11-09.
↑  UNESCO. "Island of Peace: Documentary on Religious Coexistence in Albania". unesco.org (بالإنجليزية). p. 1. Archived from the original on 2020-10-16. Retrieved 2011-07-22.
↑  BBC. "The country that's famous for tolerance". bbc.com (بالإنجليزية). p. 1. Archived from the original on 2020-10-16.
↑  570 نسخة محفوظة 16 أكتوبر 2020 على موقع واي باك مشين.
↑  يونسكو سجل ذاكرة العالم. "MEMORY OF THE WORLD REGISTER NOMINATION FORM Codex Beratinus 1 and 2" (PDF). unesco.org (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2017-04-17.
↑  Elsie، Robert (2015). The Tribes of Albania: History, Society and Culture. I.B. Tauris. ص. 1. ISBN:978-1-78453-401-1. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-10-16.
1 2  Elsie 2015، صفحات 1.
↑  Galaty، Michael L. (2002). "Modeling the Formation and Evolution of an Illyrian Tribal System: Ethnographic and Archaeological Analogs". في William A. Parkinson (المحرر). The Archaeology of Tribal Societies. Berghahn Books. ص. 109–121. ISBN:1789201713. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-10-16.
↑  Villar, Francisco (1996). Los indoeuropeos y los orígenes de Europa (بالإسبانية). Madrid: Gredos. p. 316. ISBN:84-249-1787-1. Archived from the original on 2020-10-16.
↑  Galaty 2002، صفحات 109–121.
↑  Kostovicova، Denisa (2005). Kosovo: The Politics of Identity and Space. Routledge. ص. 113–114. ISBN:0-415-34806-4. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2021-03-23..
↑  Lanzinger، Margareth (2006). Women's Movements: Networks and Debates in Post-communist Countries in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Böhlau Verlag Köln, Weimar, Wien. ص. 244. ISBN:3-412-32205-9. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2021-03-24..
↑  Lanzinger 2006، صفحات 244.
↑  "Dita e verës, festimet kanë nisur para Krishtit". shqiptarja.com (بالألبانية). 14 Mar 2012. Archived from the original on 2018-02-12.
↑  S. Velo; D. Topi. "The Production Potential of the Olive Oil from Native Cultivars in Albania" (PDF). ijoer.com (بالإنجليزية). Tirana. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-10-16.{{استشهاد ويب}}:  صيانة الاستشهاد: أسماء متعددة: قائمة المؤلفين (link)
↑  Mirjona SADIKU. "Page 1 A Tradition of Honor, Hospitality and Blood Feuds:Exploring the Kanun Customary Law inContemporary Albania". js.ugd.edu.mk (بالإنجليزية). pp. 11–14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-10-16.
↑  BERNHARD TONNES. "Religious Persecution in Albania" (PDF). biblicalstudies.org.uk (بالإنجليزية). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-27.
↑  "Early Christianity – Albania – Reformation Christian Ministries – Albania & Kosovo". reformation.edu. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-09-18.
بوابة ألبانيا
بوابة ثقافة