now a seemingly-permanent shade of indigo. She’s actually pleased with her new appearance, and has matured into a nicer person than she was before she took the incomplete gum. However, her mother is very angry with her daughter for disobeying Wonka's orders (and embarrassed that she encouraged Violet to do so), and judging by the look on her face and the tone of her voice in her final line ("Yes, but you're blue"), she’s fed up with coaching her daughter and treating her like an overconfident athlete, her exceeding pride in her entirely gone. In the novel, Violet ends up with purple skin but there is no mention of increased dexterity.

In the Musical

In the 2013 musical, Violet meets a far stickier end.

After the group enters Wonka's Inventing Room,who played Veruca, saw her as the "cool American girl", but "when she saw [Nickerson] as a big purple ball, [Nickerson] was completely embarassed." In the 2005 version, at the request of director Tim Burton, the filmmakers combined real footage of Robb with digital effects in order to increase the overall size of the blueberry rather than just the width (as depicted in the novel), as well as for the scene of Violet and her mother leaving the factory. In the London Musical version, a button on her blue backpack is pressed to make her inflate and she runs around, and is put in a huge metal disco ball for her body.

The Sequel

Violet does not appear in the sequel, Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator, along with Augustus,


      //aileron_sas = -aileron_sas;
      }
    else
      aileron += aileron_sas;
    // don't exceed aileron deflection limits
    if (fabs(aileron) > (damax * DEG_TO_RAD)) {
      if (aileron > 0)
        aileron =  damax * DEG_TO_RAD;
      else
        aileron = -damax * DEG_TO_RAD;
    }
  }

  // SAS for yaw, positive rudder deflection is TEL
  if (use_rudder_stick_gain)
    rudder *= rudder_stick_gain;
  if (use_rudder_sas_type1) {
    rudder_sas = rudder_sas_KR * R_body;
      }
    prevFlapHandle = Flap_handle;
  } else {
    // new flap routine
    // designed for the twin otter non-linear model
    if (!outside_control) {
      flap_percent     = Flap_handle / 30.0;    // percent of flaps desired
      if (flap_percent>=0.31 && flap_percent<=0.35)
        flap_percent = 1.0 / 3.0;
      if (flap_percent>=0.65 && flap_percent<=0.69)
        flap_percent = 2.0 / 3.0;
    }
    flap_cmd_deg        = flap_percent * flap_max;  // angle of flaps desired


quantify the effectiveness of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in terms of pain relief and return to function. The current study shows that percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation provides reliable, excellent pain relief and early return to function with minimal morbidity as compared with traditional open techniques. The authors suggest that this technique be used for all patients with extraspinal osteoid osteomas that are not immediately adjacent to neurovascular structures.In this project I developed a system using 3D, image and Video (Pure Data) controlled by the a video performer in close (human) interaction with the dancer. I composed the origjnal music specifically for this performace (see media).

Info: "Miradas do caos é uma trilogia composta por três performances cujo tema aborda as poéticas do caos. As noções de instabilidade, aleatoriedade e não-linearidade que cercam o caos integram o eixo temático das performances. Três diferentes aspectos do caos são explorados pela trilogia: o social, o ambiental e o do indivíduo. Assim, as três partes que a compõem tratam o caos, com relação a três planos, respectivamente: o humano e mental; a natureza e seus agenciamentos; e a subjetividade e a psique.”TranslationMiradas do Caos (Chaos looks) is a trilogy composed


want a thriving, passionate, loving partnership. So it’s just a matter of giving it the attention it needs to make that happen. Here’s a few suggestions to give you an idea of where to start:

Find time to talk and listen to each other. Not about the kids, finances or mundane day-to-day living – that stuff saps us of our life force and our libidos. Instead, talk about things that you’re passionate about, things that worry you, and the type of things that you talk to yourself about. Share all these thoughts with your partner. This will bring you much closer if they know what you’re thinking and vice-versa.

Say “I love you” every-single-day. Verbalise how important your partner is to you. Sometimes we assume they know, but in reality,Q:

What is the best way to flag a model as inappropriate/spam in Django?

I am new to Django and in my webapp I'd like the user to be able to flag a model as inappropriate. I've been using reuasable apps like django-voting and tagging but there is not much documentation for django-flag. Suggestions?

A:

I would argue that any of the three can be used to flag a model as inappropriate. Do you have any specific considerations in mind that makes you prefer django-flag?


Send this page to someone via email

The University of Toronto says one of its students died after being pulled from Gull Lake near the university’s survey camp just south of Minden on Tuesday afternoon.

OPP Sgt. Peter Leon says crews were called to the camp on Deep Bay Road around 4:45 p.m. The camp is about 100 kilometres north of Peterborough.

The body of an 18-year-old man from Mississauga, Ont., was pulled from the lake and was transported to hospital without vital signs, Leon said. The man was later pronounced dead.

READ MORE: Teacher charged in death of Jeremiah Perry who drowned on field trip in Algonquin Park

The name of the victim has not been released pending the results of a post-mortem examination, Leon said.

In a statement Wednesday afternoon, the universityleads to the third observation in figure \[fig\_massdens\]. The total mass, which is given by the area beneath the curves in figure \[fig\_massdens\] locked up in local interstellar meteoroids is by about a factor of $2$ bigger than expected from cosmic abundance considerations [@frisch99]. Thus, the in situ detection of relatively large ($m > 10^{-13}\:{\rm g}$) local interstellar meteoroids apparently violates the cosmic abundance of condensible elements. It can be speculated that the local interstellar meteoroids are injected into the LIC by some mechanism and thus do not contribute to the budget of chemical elements in the LIC. In that case the original source of local interstellar meteoroid population is still unknown.

=

The Ulysses measurements of the mass distribution of local interstellar meteoroids at different heliocentric distances shows that


flux decreased significantly to $4\times
10^{-5}\:{\rm m}^{-2}\:{\rm s}^{-1}$, about a factor of $3$ below its former value (see figure \[fig\_ulsflux\]). While it can not be ruled out that the reason for this decrease is a change in the local interstellar meteoroid concentration in the LIC, it is more likely due to the change in the phase of the solar cycle and thus in the heliocentric magnetic field configuration [@gustafson96a]. Modelling of the interaction of a constant stream of meteoroids, that acquire an electrostatic charge in interplanetary space, with the heliocentric magnetic field can account for this decrease of meteoroid flux in the Solar System. The picture drawn by the model is the following: the magnetic field polarity between the solar maxima in 1980 and 1991 was favourable for focusingCatholic grandmother, in this personal essay for Slate, June 25, 2018.

Porcfest is an annual gathering of New Hampshire libertarians, billed as the libertarian Burning Man of the East, with bitcoin. In 2017, Emily attended this festival to meet the people who would transform her home state into a free-market utopia, and wrote about it for The Baffler, May 17, 2018.

On the day Emily interviewed Irmela Mensah-Schramm for the Financial Times, Irmela, and Emily with her, nearly got arrested after an altercation with an angry right-winger on the outskirts of Berlin. Emily wrote about the experience in an essay for Off Assignment, April 12, 2018.

How does Iceland's last tannery keep itself afloat? By turning discarded fish skins from the food industry into high-fashion leather. Emily visited the tannery on


clamping. In this way, once distal contact is effectuated, the surgeon realizes and can actually visualize the amount of tissue clamped between the jaws. By distal contact is meant that the distal or far end of the anvil seats first on the gap spacing pin or cartridge. Without such distal contact, the surgeon may still be uncertain about the amount of tissue clamped, and therefore the firing force necessary to fire the mechanism.able
  to click the other buttons and make other service calls

What you asked can be accomplished by ajax async call; leave to your client the burden to call the service (by an async call) and manage the response.
When the user click a button make a call to the service;  meantime the first call is executing the client can call the second,  meantime first and second are executing the client can call the third... the user is not frozen waiting the first call to finish
If you can't call the service directly from a javascript client wrap server side the service calls into  rest services and call the rest services from your client.


{$deputy.last_name}

{$deputy.first_name} {$deputy.middle_name}

                              Considerations To Know About best haritaki

Menu

Considerations To Know About best haritaki

CIRS is all about inflammation as well as injury it causes when it goes unchecked for any period of time. Clearly There's some significant mopping up that needs to be completed In regards to each of the metabolic by-items that are being endlessly developed as the body is forever endeavoring to repair this on-heading inflammatory problems. These metabolite tax the detoxifition pathways.

Ulcers is a dilemma that could have an impact on both equally younger and old, acquiring mouth ulcers can be very agonizing as a person can discover hard in ingesting.

In reaction to this onslaught, our bodies valiantly seek to eradicate the things they can and tuck absent the rest of it in Body fat, bones, and elsewhere


of the results of such alcohols and aldehydes on their building brains.

The unripe fruit of ash gourd is cooked to be a vegetable. The ripe fruit is essentially employed for producing sweetmeat. The youthful leaves and buds are cooked.

MOSS named Ireland will be the source of karaginan, a material extensively Employed in emulsion stabilization as the components and ice product.

Triphala is most often noted for its use as a mild bowel tonic, getting practical in digestion, and supporting normal bowel Discover More Here actions. The combination of the three fruits contains a synergistic result to bolster many other techniques too. Along with the GI tract, Ayurveda uses triphala churna to assist wholesome respiratory, cardiovascular, urinary, reproductive, and anxious units.

This all seems clear-cut plenty of. Having said that, ason reproduction is the mucosal disease virus or bovine pestivirus (BVDV).
These viruses generally manifest themselves by a primary phase of hyperthermia, flu syndrome and respiratory disorders, with digestive disorders (diarrhoeas) in the case of BVD. This phase may be accompanied by a secondary phase with the onset of bronchopneumonia linked to bacterial, in particular Pasteurella, infections which can lead to death. This phenomenon is exacerbated in particular by the immuno-depression resulting from BVD infection or by the infection of macrophages by PI-3. Other symptoms may further appear, such as abortions with BVD and BHV.
It therefore appears necessary to try to develop an effective prevention against the principal viruses involved in bovine respiratory pathology.
Associations of vaccines against certain viruses responsible for bovine respiratory pathology have already been proposed in


possible to ensure vaccination against a number of pathogenic viruses involved in particular in bovine respiratory pathology and thus to ensure effective vaccination against this pathology.
Another objective of the invention is to provide such a vaccine formula combining different valencies while exhibiting all the criteria required for mutual compatibility and stability of the valencies.
Another objective of the invention is to provide such a vaccine formula which makes it possible to combine different valencies in the same vehicle.
Another objective of the invention is to provide such a vaccine formula which is easy and inexpensive to use.
Yet another objective of the invention is to provide such a vaccine formula and a method for vaccinating bovines which makes it possible to obtain a multivalent protection with a high level of efficiencyand of long duration, as well as good safety and an absence of residues.
The subject of the present invention is therefore a vaccine formula in particular against bovine respiratory pathology, comprising at least three polynucleotide vaccine valencies each comprising a plasmid integrating, so as to express it in vivo in the host cells, a gene with one bovine respiratory pathogen valency, these valencies being selected from the group consisting of bovine herpesvirus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, mucosal disease virus and type 3 parainfluenza virus, the plasmids comprising, for each valency, one or more of the genes selected from the group consisting of gB and gD for the bovine herpesvirus, F and G for the bovine respiratory syncytial virus, E2, C+E1+E2 and E1+E2 for the mucosal disease virus, and


Rams since the 1985 season. Their promising season came to an end as they were defeated by the No. 6 seed and defending NFC Champions, the Atlanta Falcons, 13–26 in the Wild Card Round. Coincidentally in the Rams' last playoff game in 2005, they were also beaten by the Falcons.

Offseason

Coaching changes
On January 20: The Rams hired Sean McVay as the team's new head coach. Interim head coach John Fassel, who had replaced Jeff Fisher following Fisher's firing in Week 12 of 2016 and also interviewed for the head coach position, was retained as special teams coordinator along with running backs coach Skip Peete and assistant offensive line coach Andy Dickerson.

On January 21: The Rams hired Wade Phillips as the team's new defensive coordinator.

On January 22: The Rams hiredTransdifferentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into hepatocytes: a new approach.
Several studies have demonstrated techniques in differentiating human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) into hepatocytes. Unfortunately, transdifferentiation is inefficient, and the function of these induced hepatocyte-like cells (which we termed 'iHeps') is low compared with that of real hepatocytes. We aimed to identify transcriptional deficiencies in iHeps that are critical to hepatocyte development, which may provide insights into improving the efficiency of transdifferentiation. hADSCs were differentiated into iHeps, and iHeps were assayed for hepatocyte-like activity. iHeps were then screened for expression of several growth factors, receptors and transcription factors (TFs) critical to liver development using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Deficient TFs were transduced into hADSCs and hepatocyte function was reassessed after hepatic differentiation. Differentiation of hADSCs into iHeps resulted


of combinatorial public projects. Subsequent work further developed this idea in the combinatorial public projects setting [@papadimitriou2008hardness; @buchfuhrer2010computation] and in the combinatorial auctions setting [@dughmi2009amplified; @buchfuhrer2009limits; @buchfuhrer2010inapproximability; @mossel2009vc].

While combinatorial public projectsnaturally lend themselves to standard VC lower bounding techniques, other environments pose a more a complex challenge. [@dughmi2009amplified; @buchfuhrer2009limits; @buchfuhrer2010inapproximability; @mossel2009vc] showed that sophisticated adaptations of existing VC machinery, namely the Sauer-Shelah Lemma, can yield inapproximability results for combinatorial auctions in a specific setting: VCG-based mechanisms for “capped-additive valuations”. However, as combinatorial auctions deal with *partitions* of a universe (as opposed to subsets), it is not clear how standard VC machinery can, in general, be applied to other auction contexts (general truthful mechanisms, other types of valuations, communication complexity,…).

We present a new generalization of the VC dimenstion that is bothX$ is **shattered** by $\mathcal{H}$ if $\mathcal{H}|_S=\{0,1\}^S$. The **VC-dimension** of ${{\cal H}}$, denoted $VC(\mathcal{H})$, is the maximal cardinality of a subset $S\subset X$ that is shattered by $\mathcal{H}$.**

The prominence of the $VC$ dimension is largely due to the Sauer-Shelah Lemma [@sauer1972density; @shelah1972combinatorial]:

\[**Sauer-Shelah\] For every $\mathcal{H}\subset \{0,1\}^X$, $|{{\cal H}}|\le\sum_{i=1}^{VC({{\cal H}})}\binom{|X|}{i}$**

Our generalization of the VC dimension relies on the notion of “shattering to $k$ values”:

Let ${{\cal H}}\subset Y^X$ and $k\ge 2$. We say that $A\subset X$ is [**$k$-shattered**]{} by ${{\cal H}}$, if for every $a\in A$ there is a set $Y_a\subset Y$ of size $k$ such that the following holds: Every function $f:A\rightarrow Y$ that satisfies $f(a)\in Y_a$ for all $a\in A$ is a restriction of some function in ${{\cal H}}$. That is, $\exists h\in {{\cal H}}$ s.t. $f=h|_A$.

Putting it


differently, for every choice of elements $\{y_a\}_{a\in A}$ such that $y_a\in Y_a,$ there is some $h\in {{\cal H}}$ such that $h(a)=y_a$ for all $a\in A$.

We define the [**$k$-dimension**]{} of ${{\cal H}}$, denoted $\operatorname*{Dim}_k({{\cal H}})$, as the maximal cardinality of a $k$-shattered set.

This notion of (k-)shattering differs from past generalizations of shattering to non-binary domains (see, e.g., [@buchfuhrer2009limits; @dughmi2009amplified]). We present the following generalization of the Sauer-Shelah Lemma:

\[thm:sauer\_gen\] For every ${{\cal H}}\subset Y^X$ and for every $2\le k\le |Y|$, $$|{{\cal H}}|\le \sum_{i=0}^{\operatorname*{Dim}_k({{\cal H}})} \binom{|X|}{i} (k-1)^{|X|-i}\binom{|Y|}{k}^{i}\le |X|^{\operatorname*{Dim}_k({{\cal H}})}|Y|^{k\operatorname*{Dim}_k({{\cal H}})}(k-1)^{|X|}$$

We point out that (1) taking $k=|Y|=2$, we get the $VC$ dimension and the Sauer-Shelah Lemma [@sauer1972density; @shelah1972combinatorial]; (2) for general $Y$ and $k=2$ we get Natarajan’s dimension [@Natarajan89b] and the bound in [@haussler1995generalization], which strengthen Natarajan’s bound [@Natarajan89b]; and (3) for $k=|Y|$, we1$. We say that ${{\cal H}}$ has the [**$\alpha$-intersection property**]{} if for every allocation $\{T_y\}_{y\in Y}$ of $X$, there is an allocation $\{S_y\}_{y\in Y}\in {{\cal H}}$ that agree with $\{T_y\}_{y\in Y}$ on $\frac{1}{\alpha}$ percent of the items. Namely, $$\sum_{y\in Y}|T_y\cap S_y|\ge \frac{1}{\alpha} \sum_{y\in Y}|T_y|$$

\[thm:shatter\_additive\_0\] Suppose $n\ge m^{\frac{1}{k+1}-\epsilon}$ and ${{\cal H}}\subset P(X,Y)$ has the $\frac{n}{1+2k}$-intersection property. There is a shattered pair $S\subset X,\;A\in\binom{Y}{k}$ with $|S|\ge \frac{m^{(k+1)\epsilon}}{\log_2(m)}$.

We will use the following lemma from [@buchfuhrer2009limits] (their lemma 5).

\[lem:buch\_umans\] Assume that ${{\cal H}}\subset P(X,Y)$ has the $\frac{n}{1+2k}$-intersection property. There exists a set $S\subset X$ of size $|S|\ge \frac{m}{n}$ such that $|{{\cal H}}_{S,Y}|\ge (1+k)^{\frac{m}{n}}$

(of theorem \[thm:shatter\_additive\_0\]) For simplicity, we assume that $n= m^{\frac{1}{k+1}-\epsilon}$ (otherwise, we will look on the restriction of ${{\cal H}}$ to a fixed set of $m^{\frac{1}{k+1}-\epsilon}$ indices). By lemma \[lem:buch\_umans\],


of Theorem \[multi-minded thm\] involves a reduction from the communication **approximate disjointness problem** and appears in Appendix \[multi-minded thm\_apx\].

Inapproximability for General Mechanisms {#sec:general-techniques}
========================================

We next describe our approach to proving inapproximability results for unrestricted deterministic mechanisms. We illustrate these ideas by outlining the proof of a new separation gap between truthful and nontruthful deterministic mechanisms for combinatorial auctions with general valuations (see full proof in Appendix \[sec:general\_comp\_apx\]). Our proof applies the “direct hardness approach”, introduced by Dobzinsky [@dobzinski2011impossibility] together with the VC dimension arguments.

We first define the specific valuation class that we will consider.

A valuation $v:2^{[m]}\to \mathbb R$ is called [**$k$-local**]{} if there is $T\in\binom{[m]}{k}$ such that, for all $S$, $v(S\cap T)\ge v(S)-\frac{1}{2m^2}v([m])$.

For $k=k(m)$ we denote that class of $k$-local valuations by $\mathbf{k-local}$. The corresponding bidding language will be circuits.

\[thm:general valuations\] Forany $\epsilon>0$,

-   Unless $NP\subseteq P/poly$, no efficient truthful mechanism has an approximation ratio of $m^{1-\epsilon}$ w.r.t. $m^\epsilon$-local valuations.

-   There is an efficient non-truthful mechanism with an approximation ratio of $2k$ w.r.t. $k$-local valuations. Moreover, the auctioneer communicates with the bidders only trough value queries.

We start by describing the efficient non-truthful mechanism.

Oracle access to $k$-local valuations $v_1,\ldots,v_n$. An allocation $\{S_i\}_{i\in [n]}$ Initialize $U=[m]$ and $B=[n]$. Choose $i\in B$ that maximizes $v_{i}(U)$. \[step:1\] Allocate $i$ a subset $S_{i}\subset U$ of size $k$ with $v_i(S_i)\ge v_i(U)-\frac{1}{2m}v_i([m])$ Set $B:=B\setminus\{i\}$ and $U:=U\setminus S_i$

Algorithm \[alg:non\_truth\] achieves an approximation ratio of $2k$ w.r.t. $k$-local valuations.

Next, we prove the second part of theorem \[thm:general valuations\]. We begin by defining a class of valuations:

A valuation $v:2^{[m]}\to \mathbb R$ is called [**almost single minded**]{}


all the sets $S\subset [m]$ with

-   $S\in R_{v_{-i}}$, $|S|=k$, $p-\frac{1}{m^5}< p_{v_{-i}}(S)\le p$

-   For all $T\in R_{v_{-i}}$ such strictly contains $S$, $p_{v_{-i}}(T)\ge p_{v_{-i}}(S)+\frac{1}{m^3}$

\[lem:shatter\_truthful\] Let $M$ be a mechanism with an approximation ratio of $m^{1-\epsilon}$ w.r.t. almost single-minded, $m^{\epsilon}$-local valuations and assume that $n\ge m^{1-\frac{1}{2}\epsilon}$. There exists a bidder $i$, almost single minded $m^{\epsilon}$-local valuations $v_{-i}$, and numbers $1\le k\le m$ and $0\le p\le 2$ such that $|{{\cal S}}(v_{-i},k,p)|\ge \frac{2^{\frac{m^{\frac{1}{2}\epsilon}}{2}}}{2m^6}$.

We proceed by applying the Sauer-Shelah Lemma, which provides us with a subset of items $X\subseteq[m]$ of size $|X|=\Omega\left(m^{\frac{\epsilon}{4}}\right)$ that is shattered by some ${{\cal S}}(v_{-i},k,p)$. The fact that $X$ is shattered by a structured submenu with the same level of prices, allows us to solve a hard computational problem by considering a valuation that relies onsuch that $v_i$ assigns high values to all vertex covers but, through the menu prices, makes covers of size $\geq t$ unattractive. We then leverage the taxation principle to show that if there is a cover $C$ of size $t$ of $U$, the mechanism will allocate bidder $i$ a set $T$ such that $T\cap U$ is a cover of size $t$.

### Acknowledgements {#acknowledgements .unnumbered}

Amit Daniely’s research was supported, in part, by the Google Europe Fellowship in Learning Theory. We thank Subhash Khot for referring us to [@bansal2010inapproximability] and pointing out that the problem studied there can be reduced to $k$-packing promise problem (see the proof of Theorem \[single minded duplicates\]). We thank Guy Kindler and Nati Linial for valuable discussions.

Appendix {#appendix .unnumbered}
========

Proof of Theorem \[thm:sauer\_gen\] {#apx_sauer_gen}
===================================

Our proof of Theorem \[thm:sauer\_gen\]


valuation are complex enough such that even without requiring a mechanism to be incentive-compatible, one could not expect an approximation ratio better than $O(\sqrt{m})$. On the other hand, one of the few positive results in this scenario is a greedy algorithm [@lehmann2002truth] that obtains an $O(\sqrt{m})$-approximation ratio while maintaining incentive compatibility. One can verify that this greedy mechanism is not VCG-based, but still expect similar performance from VCG-based mechanisms. Our first theorem asserts that this is not the case.

\[single minded thm\] For every $\epsilon>0$, no efficient VCG-based mechanism obtains an approximation ratio of $m^{1-\epsilon}$ w.r.t. single-minded valuations, unless $NP\subseteq P/poly$.

In cases where there are $d$ duplicate copies of each item, one might hope to boost up the poor performance of mechanisms, predicated by the above theorem. Indeed, abound we conclude that as long as $t^{k}<e^{\frac{|X|}{k^k}}$ such a collection of partitions exists.

**(of Theorem \[multi-minded thm\_apx\])**. Suppose that $M$ is VCG-based, and obtains an approximation ratio of $m^{1-\epsilon}$ for combinatorial auctions with $d$ duplicates w.r.t. multi-minded valuations. Let $\mathcal{H}$ denote its bank of allocations. As single-minded valuations contained in this class, $\mathcal{H}$ shatters a pair of subsets $B\subset [n]$, $X\subset [m]$ of sizes $d+1$, $\Omega(m^{\epsilon/2})$. Applying Lemma \[int. prop. col.\], yields a collection of partitions $\mathcal{F}=\{D^s\}_{s=1}^t\subset P(X,B)$ of size $t=e^{m^{\frac{1}{2}\cdot\epsilon} / (d+1)^{d+2}}$ which satisfy the $(d+1)$-wise intersection property.

We now use this collection of partitions in order to show a reduction from the **approximate disjointness problem**: This problem deals with $r$ players, each of which holds a $t$-bit string that specify a subset $A_i\subseteq\{1,...,t\}$. The players are required


Q:

How to capture delimiter in different array or designated key with preg_split?

Update: first question resolved, was an issue with HTML/browser.
Second question:
Is there a way to output the delimiters into a separate array?  If I use PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE, it mixes the delimiters into the same array and makes it confusing as opposed to PREG_SPLIT_OFFSET_CAPTURE which designates its own key for the offset.
Code:
$str = 'world=earth;world!=mars;world>venus';
$arr = preg_split('/([;|])/', $str, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);

echo "<pre>";
print_r($arr);
echo "</pre>";

DELIM CAPTURE example:
Array
(
    [0] => world=earth
    [1] => ;
    [2] => world!=mars
    [3] => ;
    [4] => world>venus
)

OFFSET CAPTURE example:
Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
          Inexpensive access to remote storage and broadband networking has shifted data storage paradigms from a focus on portable media (e.g. diskettes, compact discs, portable hard-drives, etc.) to a network-based model. So-called “cloud” storage allows a user access to their data from any terminal or device that is connected to the Internet. By storing data remotely, enterprise level service may be provided along with consumer level ease of use. Storing data in this manner also eliminates the risk of losing or damaging storage media containing important data.
However, remote storage of data also has limitations. Sharing of data objects is often difficult, as the data objects are typically associated with a particular user. In order to share a remotely stored data object, the object owner must convert the data object


> 0) {
        for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
            log.debug("Attepting to process file " + files[i].getAbsolutePath());
            int swiftSerialNumner = 0;
            try {
                MtSwiftMessage msg = MtSwiftMessage.parse(files[i]);
                String mtNumber = msg.getMessageType();
                String receiver = msg.getReceiver();
             if (current date) - startTime is greater than 10 then return -- a precaution so you don't get stuck in the repeat loop forever
        end repeat

        present openMovie
        play openMovie

        -- delay until the movie stops playing
        repeat until document 1 is not playing
            delay 1
        end repeat

        quit
    end tell
else if answer is equal to "No,


best drinks to fight the Hot Weather with and we Soldiers dislike to admit defeat, but to win our struggles we must have the material to work with, the things to contest our enemy with, must be at hand, and unless we have Coca Cola we will have to admit defeat at the hands of Enemy Heat & Thirst.

The Army has been schooled to like and want Coca Cola because Coca Cola is the wholesome thirst quenching drink and this Exchange, representing Four Thousand Coca Cola Drinkers, begs that our supply be multiplied by ten and even more if possible. So great is the need of Coca Cola at our Exchange at the present writing may be easily understood by the many calls for this drink that mustif (partition == null) {
            criticality = defaultCriticality;
        } else {
            criticality = ExceptionUtil.getCriticality(partition.getErrorCriticality(), ex, defaultCriticality);
        }

        switch (criticality) {
            case PARTIAL:
                //noinspection DuplicateBranchesInSwitch
                runResult.setRunResultStatus(TaskRunResult.TaskRunResultStatus.TEMPORARY_ERROR);
                break;


a crossed product in the spirit of Paschke, [@P], arising from a full corner endomorphism of an AF-algebra.

The methods we employ are useful beyond the study of $C^*$-algebras of subshifts because they extend the applicability of locally compact groupoids to the construction and study of $C^*$-algebras. The use of groupoids in relation to $C^*$-algebras was initiated by the pioneering work of J. Renault in [@Re1]. After a relatively slow beginning during the eighties the last two decades has witnessed an increasing recognition of the importance of groupoids as a tool to encode various mathematical structures in a $C^*$-algebra. Of particular importance in this respect are the so-called étale groupoids which have been used in many different contexts, for example in connection with graph algebras and dynamical systems. Inthat the range and source maps are locally injective, but not necessarily open. This class of groupoids is not new; it coincides with the locally compact Hausdorff groupoids which were called $r$-discrete by Renault in [@Re1] and they are equipped with a (continuous) Haar system if and only if they are étale. In many influential places in the litterature on the $C^*$-algebras of groupoids, such [@A] or [@Pa] for example, an r-discrete groupoid is assumed to have a continuous Haar system and hence to be étale in the terminology which is now generally accepted. In order to avoid any misunderstanding we therefore propose the name semi étale for the class of locally compact groupoids where the range map is locally injective, but not necessarily open.

The algebra we associate


have a finite intersection with any compact subset of $G$. Therefore, when $f,g : G \to \mathbb
C$ are compactly supported functions, we can define $f \star g: G \to
\mathbb C$ by the usual formula $$\label{stareq}
f \star g(\gamma) = \sum_{\gamma_1 \gamma_2 = \gamma}
f(\gamma_1)g(\gamma_2) .$$ Then $f \star g$ is again compactly supported, and $f\star g$ is bounded when $f$ and $g$ both are. It follows that the set $B_c(G)$ of bounded compactly supported functions on $G$ is a $*$-algebra with the product $\star$ and the involution $f \mapsto f^*$ defined such that $$\label{stareq2}
f^*(\gamma) = \overline{f\left(\gamma^{-1}\right)} .$$ To obtain a $C^*$-norm we use the usual representations: For each $x
\in G^0$ we define a $*$-representation $\pi_x$ of $B_c(G)$ on $l^2\left(s^{-1}(x)\right)$ such that $$\left(\pi_x(f)\psi\right)(\gamma) =  \sum_{ \gamma_1 \gamma_2 = \gamma}
\ f\left(\gamma_1\right)\psi\left(\gamma_2\right)B^*_r(G)$, respectively.

Clearly, the inclusion $C_c(H) \subseteq
  C_c(G)$ extends to an inclusion ${\operatorname{alg}}^* H \subseteq {\operatorname{alg}}^* G$ of $*$-algebras so it remains only to show that $\left\|f\right\|_{B^*_r(G)} =
  \left\|f\right\|_{B^*_r(H)}$ when $f \in B_c(H)$. To this end, let $x \in G^0$ and let $f \in B_c(H)$. We define an equivalence relation $\sim$ on $Hs^{-1}(x)$ such that $\gamma \sim \gamma'$ if and only if $\gamma'
  = \mu \gamma$ for some $\mu \in H$. Let $\left[Hs^{-1}(x)\right]$ denote the set of equivalence classes in $Hs^{-1}(x)$. Then $$l^2\left(s^{-1}(x)\right) = \oplus_{\xi \in \left[Hs^{-1}(x)\right]}
l^2(\xi) \oplus l^2\left(s^{-1}(x) \backslash Hs^{-1}(x)\right)$$ and $\pi_x(f)$ respects this direct sum decomposition. Since $\pi_x(f)
= 0$ on $l^2\left(s^{-1}(x) \backslash Hs^{-1}(x)\right)$ we find that $$\label{est1}
\left\|\pi_x(f)\right\| = \sup_{\xi \in \left[Hs^{-1}(x)\right]}
\left\|\pi_x(f)|_{l^2(\xi)}\right\| .$$ Let $\xi \in \left[Hs^{-1}(x)\right]$ and fix a representative $\gamma_0 \in
\xi$. We can


$U$ such that $r(U) \cap s(U) = \emptyset$. We can therefore apply Lemma \[techlemma\] to obtain a decomposition $f = f|_{R^0} {\operatorname{+}}\sum_{j=1}^M h_j$ where $h_j \in {\operatorname{alg}}^* R$ is supported in a bisection $U_j$ with $r\left(U_j\right) \cap s\left(U_j\right) =
  \emptyset$. Set $K = \left({\operatorname{supp}}f|_{R^0}\right) \cup
  \bigcup_{j=1}^M  \left(r\left({\operatorname{supp}}h_j \right) \cup
    s\left({\operatorname{supp}}h_j\right)\right)$ and cover $K$ by a finite open cover $V_i, i = 1,2, \dots, N$, such that $V_i \cap r\left({\operatorname{supp}}h_j\right) \neq
  \emptyset \ \Rightarrow \ V_i \cap s\left({\operatorname{supp}}h_j\right) = \emptyset$ for all $i,j$, and let $k_i \in C_c\left(R^0\right), i = 1,2, \dots, N$, be a partition of unity on $K$ subordinate to $V_i, i=1,2, \dots, N$. Set $d_i =
  \sqrt{k_i}$. Then $P_R(f) = f|_{R^0} = \sum_{i=1}^N d_ifd_i$ and $\left\| P_R(a) -C)} \leq
\left\|h\right\|$ for all $h \in B_c\left(R(\varphi)\right)$. Hence $\tilde{\psi}_a$ extends to a $*$-homomorphism $\tilde{\psi}_a : B^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right) \to
M_{\varphi^{-1}(a)}(\mathbb C)$ which is clearly surjective. Set $\psi_a = \tilde{\psi}_a|_{C^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right)}$ which is also surjective since $C\left(R(\varphi)\right) \subseteq
C^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right)$.

\[iotadense\] $\left\{ \ker \psi_a : \ a \in
    \varphi(X) \right\}$ is dense in the primitive ideal space ${\operatorname{Prim}}C^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right)$ of $C^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right)$.

Let $W$ be a non-empty open subset of ${\operatorname{Prim}}C^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right)$. Since ${\operatorname{Prim}}C^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right)$ is Hausdorff there is an element $d \in
  C^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right)$ such that $d \neq 0$ and $$\left\{ \ker \pi \in {\operatorname{Prim}}C^*_r\left(R(\varphi)\right) : \ \pi(d) \neq 0 \right\} \subseteq W,$$ cf. e.g. [@RW]. Since $d \neq 0$ there is an $a \in \varphi(X)$ such that $d|_{\varphi^{-1}(a) \times \varphi^{-1}(a)} \neq 0$. It follows that $\ker
\psi_a \in W$.

\[centralproj\] For each $j = 1,2,3, \dots $ there


groupoid in the sense of [@Re1]. In the following we shall often identify the unit space $\Gamma_{\varphi}^0$ of $\Gamma_{\varphi}$ with $X$ via the map $x \to (x,0,x)$ which is a homeomorphism. The local injectivity of $\varphi$ ensures that the range map $r(x,k,y) = x$ is locally injective, i.e. $\Gamma_{\varphi}$ is semi étale. Note that every isotropy group of $\Gamma_{\varphi}$ is a subgroup of $\mathbb Z$. In particular, ${\operatorname{Is}}\Gamma_{\varphi}$ is abelian.

When $\varphi$ besides being locally injective is also open, and hence a local homeomorphism, $\Gamma_{\varphi}$ is an étale groupoid, which was introduced in increasing generality in [@Re1], [@De], [@A] and [@Re2]. However, when $\varphi$ is not open $\Gamma_{\varphi}$ is no longer étale, merely semi étale.

\[discreteisotropy\] Assume that $\left\{x \in X : \
  \varphi^k(x) = x\right\}$ is discrete inembeddings $C^*_r\left( R\left(\varphi^n\right)\right) \subseteq C^*_r\left(
  R\left(\varphi^{n+1}\right)\right) \subseteq C^*_r\left( R_{\varphi}\right)$ for all $n$. Since $C_c\left(R_{\varphi}\right) = \bigcup_n
C_c\left(R\left(\varphi^n\right)\right)$ it follows that $$\label{union}
 C^*_r\left(R_{\varphi}\right) = \overline{\bigcup_n
  C^*_r\left(R\left(\varphi^n\right)\right)} .$$

Combined with Corollary \[Hcor\] this shows that $C^*_r\left(R_{\varphi}\right)$ is an AH-algebra in the terminology from the classification program for $C^*$-algebras, cf. e.g [@EGL].

We assume that $\varphi$ is surjective. The aim is to show that there is then an endomorphism of $C^*_r\left(R_{\varphi}\right)$ such that $C^*_r\left(\Gamma_{\varphi}\right)$ is the crossed product of $C^*_r\left(R_{\varphi}\right)$ by this endomorphism. In the étale case, where $\varphi$ is open, this crossed product decomposition was established in [@A]. Define $m : X \to \mathbb R$ such that $$m(x) = \# \left\{ y \in X : \ \varphi(y) = \varphi(x) \right\} .$$ It follows from Lemma \[centralproj\] that $m$ is an element


to add in this case. We therefore restrict attention to the case where $\varphi$ is surjective, but not injective.

Assume that $\varphi$ is surjective and not injective. Let $B_{\varphi}$ be the inductive limit of the sequence $$\label{seq}
\begin{xymatrix}{
C^*_r\left(R_{\varphi}\right) \ar[r]^-{\widehat{\varphi}} &
C^*_r\left(R_{\varphi}\right) \ar[r]^-{\widehat{\varphi}} &
C^*_r\left(R_{\varphi}\right) \ar[r]^-{\widehat{\varphi}} &  \dots}
\end{xymatrix}$$ We can then define an automorphism $\widehat{\varphi}_{\infty} \in {\operatorname{Aut}}B_{\varphi}$ such that $\widehat{\varphi}_{\infty} \circ \rho_{\infty,n} = \rho_{\infty,n}
\circ \widehat{\varphi}$, where $\rho_{\infty,n} : C^*_r\left(R_{\varphi}\right) \to B_{\varphi}$ is the canonical $*$-homomorphism from the $n$’th level in the sequence (\[seq\]) into the inductive limit algebra. In this notation the inverse of $\widehat{\varphi}_{\infty}$ is defined such that $\widehat{\varphi}_{\infty}^{-1} \circ \rho_{\infty,n} =
\rho_{\infty,n+1}$.

\[crossed\] Assume that $\varphi$ is surjective and not injective. It follows that $p = \rho_{\infty,1}(1) \in B_{\varphi}
  \subseteq B_{\varphi} \times_{\widehat{\varphi}_{\infty}} \mathbb Z$ is a full projection and $C^*_r\left(\Gamma_{\varphi}
\right)$ isorbit. But then $$C^*_r\left(\Gamma_{\varphi}|_W\right) \ \simeq \ C(\mathbb T)
\otimes M_{k'}(\mathbb C)$$ where $k' \leq k$ is the number of elements in $W$. This algebra is obviously not simple, contradicting the assumption that $C^*_r(\Gamma_{\varphi})$ is. It follows that $\left\{x \in X : \
  \varphi^k(x) = x\right\}$ must have empty interior for each $k \geq
1$.

It follows from Corollary \[idealcor1\] and (the proof of) Corollary \[invopne\] that $X$ contains no non-trivial open $\Gamma_{\varphi}$-invariant subset. It is easy to see that this is equivalent to the assertion that (\[transicond\]) holds for every non-empty open subset $U$.

2\) $\Rightarrow$ 3): Assume to reach a contradiction that every element of $X$ is pre-periodic under $\varphi$. This means that $$\label{unioneq}
X \  = \bigcup_{n \geq 1, \ k \geq 0} \varphi^{-k}\left({\operatorname{Per}}_n X\right)$$ where ${\operatorname{Per}}_n X


that there is a $*$-homomorphism $\lambda : \mathcal O_S \to C^*_r(\Gamma_S)$ such that $\lambda\left(s_u\right) = t_u$ for all $u \in \mathbb W(S)$.

To see that $\lambda$ is surjective note first that it follows from (\[oz3\]) that $1_{C(u)} = 1_{C(u,u)}$ is in the range of $\lambda$ for alle $u
\in \mathbb W(S)$. Note next that $t_ut_v^* = 1_{A(u,v)}$ where $$\label{standardn}
\begin{split}
&A(u,v) = \\
&\left\{ (x,k,y) \in S \times \mathbb Z \times S : \ k = |u| -
  |v|, \ x \in C(u), \ y \in C(v), \ x_{|u|+i} = y_{|v|+i}, \ i \geq
  1\right\}
\end{split}$$ is a compact and open subset of $\Gamma_S$. In fact, sets of this form constitute a base for the topology of $\Gamma_S$ so in order to show that every element of $C_c\left(\Gamma_S\right)$ is in the rangeof $\lambda$, which implies that $\lambda$ is surjective, it will be enough to consider an $f
\in C_c\left(\Gamma_S\right)$ such that $f$ has support in $A(u,v)$ for some $u,v \in \mathbb W(S)$. Let $\epsilon >
0$. Note that the range map $r$ is injective on $A(u,v)$. By combining this fact with the continuity of $f$ it follows that we can find words $u_i, i = 1,2,
\dots, N$, in $\mathbb W(S)$ such that $C(u) = \bigcup_{i=1}^N C(u_i)$ and $$\label{eq11}
\left| f(\xi) - f(\xi')\right| \leq \epsilon$$ when $\xi, \xi' \in A\left(u,v\right) \cap r^{-1}\left(C\left(u_i\right)\right)$, and such that $$\label{oz2}C\left(u_i\right) \cap
C\left(u_j\right) = \emptyset, i \neq j.$$ Define a function $h : S \to \mathbb
C$ such that $$h(x) = \begin{cases} f(x,|u|-|v|,y), \ & \ \text{when} \ (x,|u|-|v|,y) \in
  A(u,v) \ \text{for some} \ y \in C(v) \\


(\[oz3\]) that $t_ut_v^*$ is a partial isometry and hence that $\left\|t_ut_v^*\right\| \leq 1$. We can therefore combine (\[eq13\]) and (\[eq12\]) to get the estimate $$\left\|f - k \star t_ut_v^*\right\| \leq \epsilon.$$ Since $\epsilon > 0$ is arbitrary and $k \star t_ut_v^*$ is in the range of $\lambda$, it follows that so is $f$, completing the proof that $\lambda$ is surjective. Note that $1_{C\left(u_i\right)} \star
  t_ut_v^* = 1_{A(u_i,v_i')}$ for an appropriate word $v'_i \in
  \mathbb W(S)$ so that $k \star t_ut_v^*$ is a linear combination of such characteristic functions.

To see that $\lambda$ is injective note first that (\[oz3\]) implies that $\lambda$ is injective on $D_S$. Therefore property (B) above shows that the injectivity of $\lambda$ will follow if we can exhibit a continuous action $\beta : \mathbbsubset $U \subseteq S$ and natural numbers $k,l \in \mathbb N$ such that $U \cap S_{k,l}
\neq \emptyset$ and $U \cap S_{k,l} \subseteq C(u;F)$.

a\) Let $x \in U \cap S_{k,l}$, and let $\mathbb W_k(S)$ denote the set of words in $S$ of length $k$. There are then exactly $l$ words $v_1,v_2,\dots, v_l$ in $\mathbb W_k(S)$ such that $v_jx_{[k+1,\infty)} =
  v_jx_{k+1}x_{k+2}x_{k+3} \dots \ \in S$. The word $x_1x_2\dots x_k$ is one of them and we arrange that it is $v_1$. For each $j \in
  \{1,2,\dots, l\}$ and some $m > k$, set $
w_j = v_jx_{k+1}x_{k+2} \dots x_m$. We can then choose $m$ so large that $x \in C\left(w_1; \left\{w_2,w_3, \dots, w_l\right\}\right) \subseteq
U \cap S_{k,l}$.

b\) Let $F'$ be a maximal collection of words from $\mathbb W_{|u|}(S)$ with the property


(d) 0.2
b
What is the nearest to -3 in -126.7, 6, -3, -3/52, 0.2, 2?
-3
Which is the nearest to -2/5?  (a) 0.2  (b) -1/3  (c) 0.3  (d) 538.1  (e) 4  (f) -2
b
Which is the nearest to -0.2?  (a) 2/11  (b) -376893  (c) 1/12
c
What is the closest to -113419 in -7, 5, 0.5?
-7
What is the nearest to 41 in -3/5, 1/6, 2, -36616, 2/19?
2
Which is the nearest to 2/3?  (a) 5196  (b) 0.3  (c) -9879  (d) 3
b
Which is the closest to 1/449?  (a) 5  (b) 0.3  (c) -95  (d) -0.1  (e) 13/7  (f) -3
d
Which is the nearest to 1?  (a) 1.086  (b) -136.5  (c) 2/13
a
Which is the nearestthe nearest to 0 in -5, 467, 0.03, 2, 4?
0.03
Which is the closest to 1?  (a) -3/10  (b) -2.6  (c) -3/221
c
What is the nearest to 1 in 2, -4/25, 14, -25/4?
2
Which is the closest to 1?  (a) 4  (b) 2  (c) 0.059  (d) 19101
c
What is the nearest to -1280 in 42, 2, 1, -21/2?
-21/2
What is the closest to 0.1 in -0.4, 1/5, -305, -0.6916?
1/5
Which is the closest to 2087?  (a) 0.1  (b) -3700  (c) 0.11  (d) -0.2  (e) -1
c
Which is the nearest to 0?  (a) 4  (b) -5  (c) -80016  (d) -0.5  (e) -3  (f) -0.4
f
Which is the closest to 0.3?  (a) 0.371  (b) -0.09  (c) 0.2


Q:

Craft 2.5 plugin sub navigation icons

I notice that you can add icons for your sub navigation. However looking at the template for the subnav loop there isn't any markup to render that icon. Anyone know if this is coming in the future or missing code?
Example pulled from Craft Commerce plugin
$context['subnav']['settings'] = array('icon' => 'settings', 'label' => Craft::t('Settings'), 'url' => 'commerce/settings');

A:

Not actually possible. That icon key is not being used anywhere – just a remnant from a past feature idea that didn’t make it into Craft 2.5. (I just removed it for the next release.)

\[[@B4]\] found that dampness in buildings is a risk factor for health effects among both atopic and nonatopic individuals and found that dampness approximately doubles the risk for both children and adults. Most of the reviewed studies focused on children, and most were of cross-sectional rather than more robust longitudinal designs. Nevertheless, the authors suggest that causation is indicated since reported associations between objective measures of exposure (e.g., professionally identified) and health are in the same range of associations of more diffuse measures.

An extensive literature review by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2004 \[[@B5]\] evaluated the strength of evidence of relationships between dampness and mold with several health endpoints. They found (a) sufficient evidence for an association of dampness and mold with upper respiratory tract symptoms, wheeze,


uniformly increased from dampness, to visible mold, to mold odor. The strong association with mold odor suggests the presence of a biological activity that reaches the breathing zone and implies that the long-term presence of dampness may be necessary to produce such an odor \[[@B11]\]. A similar result was found by Jaakkola et al. \[[@B12]\] in which the strongest relationship was between rhinitis and moldy odor.

While uncertainties remain, these meta-analyses provide the best composite estimate from the literature to date of the health risks associated with exposure to dampness and mold and provide a useful basis for preliminary estimates of disease costs from such exposure.

3. Methods {#sec3}
==========

The economic costs of allergic rhinitis, acute bronchitis, and asthma associated with dampness and mold are calculated as the product of the[@B10]\] that consider many regions in North America and Europe and differs from the 47% prevalence found by Mudarri and Fisk \[[@B13]\]. Both estimates are used in the sensitivity analysis. While health risks for adults and children can differ, health risk estimates for adults was used to represent both adults and children to make this analysis more manageable.

The following meta-analyses described earlier were used in the cost impact calculations:Fisk et al. \[[@B8]\]: the estimate of risk for current asthma was 1.56 (1.30--1.86) based on 10 studies.Fisk et al. \[[@B10]\]: the risk estimate for bronchitis was 1.45 (1.32--1.59) using 13 studies. The included studies reflect indicators of both acute and chronic bronchitis but are attributed to acute bronchitis for reasons described below.Jaakkola et al. \[[@B12]\]: mold odor involved the


expenses for ambulatory care and medication. Indirect (wage-related) costs include lost productivity from both sick days out of work or at home and reduced productivity days while working or performing other tasks. [Table 2](#tab2){ref-type="table"} presents the results that are explained below.

### 4.2.3. Medical Expenses {#sec4.2.3}

Approximately 3.59 million cases of AR are attributable to dampness and mold. The US government estimate \[[@B20]\] of the cost of ambulatory care and medication for AR adult patients is \$629.69 (inflation adjusted) per patient, most of which is for medications. Assuming the same expenses for children, that amounts to approximately \$2.26B of medical expenses attributable to dampness and mold.

### 4.2.4. Value of Sick Days Lost to Allergic Rhinitis {#sec4.2.4}

Bhattacharyya \[[@B22]\] estimates that on average, each working adult AR patient takes approximately 0.6 sickdemonstrates how a wide range of cost estimates is possible. Comparing the two tables, the range of total economic cost estimates for AR is \$2.3 billion to \$4.0 billion or to \$4.8 billion for the alternative estimate. Similarly for asthma and bronchitis hospitalization, the range of total cost is \$781 million to \$1.7 billion for asthma and \$270 million to \$575 million for bronchitis. This shows an approximate doubling, or more, of estimates from the lowest to the highest.

[Table 7](#tab7){ref-type="table"} examines the impact on the ratio of indirect to direct costs under each option. It demonstrates that the importance of indirect costs relative to direct costs can depend significantly on the assumptions chosen about the value of time lost for workers, nonworkers, and children for both patients and


stages of development of turbulent mixing.

In \# 2 the statement of a problem is formulated. Connection between disintegration of break and Richtmyer-Meshkov instability is considered (generation of vorticies on contact at disintegration of break). It is spoken about “processing” of surface perturbation $\eta$ into near boundary velocity non-uniform field $\vec v$. The example of typical stochastic function with the finite scale of heterogeneity $\lambda_{ini}$ is presented. Functions from this class characterize general initial perturbations.

In \# 3 characteristics of a mixing zone are described: (i) Average thickness of a mixing zone in which an interpenetration of phases takes place, (ii) large-scale structure (sequence of vortical dipoles), and (iii) small-scale details inside large-scale dipoles.

In \# 4 value of the pressure created in a liquid by the slowed down bubble isInogamov 1999). We compare here an angular phase of perturbations of boundary $\eta$ with a phase of velocity $\dot\eta$. Movement in a phase takes place at passage of a shock from light to heavy gas, and in an counterphase at passage of a shock from heavy to light gas (see Fig. 3 on which positive directions of longitudinal axes of coordinate $z$ and velocity $w$ are shown).

In Fig. 4 velocity distribution $\vec v(x,z=0,t_{fix})$ Or $ \vec v(x, y=y_{fix}, z=0, t_{fix})$ along transverse coordinate $x$ (or $x, y)$ is shown in 2D (or 3D) case. As it was told, it is formed as a result of passage of a shock through the perturbed boundary. Plane $z=0$ corresponds to the current position of unperturbed boundary (dashed straight lines in Fig.


liquid. Therefore creation of momentum by pressure is interesting for us.

[**Pressure distribution. Periodical case.**]{} Let’s consider a periodic chain of bubbles. Periodicity means that all bubbles in a chain are identical. Bubbles are symmetric concerning the vertical average line (b$\infty), $ see Fig. 12b. The important point b is an apex of a bubble. In this figure the symmetric half of period of flow is shown. To receive all flow it is necessary to complete symmetrically to the left half of bubble up to the whole bubble. The full chain is obtained by periodic continuation of the whole bubble to the left and to the right[^6].

Velocities of lagrangian particles on a straight line (b$\infty) $ are directed upwards (to $z> 0), $ arrows B in Fig. 12a andstep of a geometrical progression $a=1 +\epsilon, $ $ \epsilon\ll 1. $ Velocity field is smooth; its particular shape is defined by arrangement of bubbles in a chain (Fig. 15), instead of hierarchy (13). Thus of “stain” or “spots” of negative velocity $w$ have smooth contours (not squares, as in Fig. 17). In Fig. 17 the diagram of splitting of consecutive scales of these “spots”, instead of their form is submitted.

The Fig. 18 supplements the formula (14). Points $n-1, n $ and $n+1 $ mark the centers of squares, compare Figs. 17 and 18a. These centers are on distances $ \lambda_n/2 $ from the boundary submitted by a horizontal piece. The specified points are transferred on a plane $ (w, z) $ (Fig. 18b) with the help of


spectrum $\eta^+_n$ of random surface perturbations $\eta^+(x)$[^10]. Second, under Richtmyer formula the amplitude of harmonics $w_n$ is defined. Thirdly, on a spectrum $w_n $ is function $w^+ (x, z)$ defined and dependences of this function from $x$ and $z$ are analyzed. Corresponding calculations are executed in work Inogamov, 2002. It is shown, first, similarly (15) spectrum $w_n $ is linear on $n,$ second, dependence $w $ from $z $ is given by the formula (14).

Let’s address to a question on evolution of velocity field $w (x, z, t) $ (the given section and the following). After a push connected to a shock wave, there is velocity field $w^+(x, z) $ (\# 7). We admit, in the further field $w^+$ remains “frozen” in liquid. In the following section we\rho (z/t^{\theta});$ the mark $\bot$ means averaging on transverse coordinates. The coordinate $z$ is counted from initial position of boundary (\# 1, \# 2). At $ \mu=0 $ function $ \bar\rho $ quickly decreases aside “vacuum”. It becomes very small already at value of dimensionless coordinate $(-z)/h_+(t)$ about several units.

First portions of the substance (which have been thrown out by primary generation of bubbles) flying ahead aside “vacuum” move under the law $h_-\sim - w_{\lambda ini} t.$ Distribution of density near to front $h_-$ is not described by the self-similar solution $ \bar \rho (z/h_+).$

[**\# 11. Stimulated and spontaneous turbulence**]{}

Problem I is above considered in which the long wavelength part $(\lambda> \lambda_{curr})$ of a spectrum $w_n $ or $w_{\lambda}$ is formed owing to an interference of random small-scale


case: $ \theta^{sp} $ limits an interval of $ \theta $ from below.

[^1]: In case of small initial perturbations “hierarchy” of characteristic times for the stages I, II and III is following: $t_I\ll t_{II}\ll t_{III}$.

[^2]: In case of small initial perturbations hydrodynamical motion of substance at stages II and III occur to velocities small in comparison with sonic velocity (incompressible motion). At stage I at presence of a shock wave with Mach number Ma significantly larger than 1 compressibility effects are essential.

[^3]: Baroclinic generation of vorticity at the boundary and generation of vorticity in the bulk by curved shocks (Schilling et al., 2004; Wouchuk, 2001a, 2001b). In the case of weak shocks we can neglect bulk vorticity.

[^4]: Exponential decay for periodic perturbations and power laws for random andrelated to climate change that we chose to investigate as a possible trigger of increased *M. aeruginosa* toxigenicity. Another change expected to be brought about by global warming is a shift in waterbody perturbation patterns. Model‐based analyses forecast increased water column stability and a warmer epilimnion (Wahl & Peeters, [2014](#mbo3393-bib-0067){ref-type="ref"}), as well as an earlier seasonal stratification of waterbodies (Peeters, Straile, Lorke, & Livingstone, [2007](#mbo3393-bib-0049){ref-type="ref"}). These effects will be caused, in part, by a shorter annual duration of ice cover (Magnuson et al., [2000](#mbo3393-bib-0036){ref-type="ref"}). These developments are expected to favor cyanobacterial blooms (Jöhnk et al., [2008](#mbo3393-bib-0025){ref-type="ref"}) because many cyanobacteria, such as *Microcystis*, are able to thrive under those conditions by actively regulating buoyancy and finding their optimal depth in the water column (Huisman et al., [2004](#mbo3393-bib-0024){ref-type="ref"}; Walsby, Hayes, Boje, & Stal, [1997](#mbo3393-bib-0068){ref-type="ref"}).


light and 10 hr dark. MASTER TL5 HO 39W/865 1SL fluorescent light tubes emitting cool daylight (Phillips, Amsterdam, Netherlands) were used as light sources. The light intensity was 130 μmol s^−1 ^m^−2^ for both control and treated cultures (measured with a PAR sensor, LI‐COR, Lincoln, USA). Cultivation temperatures of 20°C and 30°C were used during the temperature rise experiments. The intermediate temperature of 25°C was used during the mixing and microcystin addition experiments for both control and treated cultures. Cyanobacterial growth was monitored by measuring the optical density at 730 nm (OD~730~) using a spectrophotometer (model 150‐20; HITACHI, Chiyoda, Japan), and cultures were regularly checked for contamination under a microscope (LEICA DM R; Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany).

2.3. Harvesting and RNA extraction {#mbo3393-sec-0005}
----------------------------------

Harvesting was performed as follows: Twenty milliliter culture samples were filtered throughthen a ramp from 65°C to 95°C in 0.5°C increments. Two technical replicates of each cDNA sample were analyzed using qPCR. A single no‐reverse‐transcriptase qPCR reaction was performed for each sample in order to detect possible contamination of the RNA with genomic DNA, and a no‐template control was performed, in duplicate, and for every target to check for contaminants. Only technical replicates with a difference of no more than 0.5 cycles were included in the subsequent analysis. Results were only included in the analysis if the difference between the *C* ~*q*~ value of the sample and that of the no‐reverse‐transcriptase control or the no‐template control (NTC) was five or larger. *C* ~*q*~ values of NTCs were either not defined (as signal did not cross the threshold until cycle


climate change. The results revealed that increased temperature leads to the upregulation of the microcystin synthesis gene *mcyB*, whereas mixing and the addition of microcystin‐LR does not cause increased expression of *mcyB* or *mcyD*. This led us to conclude that future rising temperatures may increase the risks associated with toxic cyanobacteria by influencing microcystin gene expression, whereas changed perturbation patterns and increased microcystin levels might not increase the risks. To make even more substantiated predictions about the effect of climate change on microcystin synthesis gene expression, other factors connected to and caused by global warming need to be explored in future studies.

Funding Information {#mbo3393-sec-0017}
===================

This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through the TUM International Graduate School of Science and Engineering (IGSSE). This work was alsocan add a check in the BroadcastReceiver detect when the app is no longer running, but I can't detect how it was closed.
Is there any way to detect when the app is closed in this manner?
I found onTaskRemoved() but I am not sure how to use it in this case, or if it would be called after the app is destroyed due to low memory.

A:

It can be done by using a Service.
Simply starting the service with activity.startService(<Intent>) will ensure the service's onTaskRemoved() is called when the activity is removed from the recents menu.
The service can then call a method to stop the background updates. In my case, that is LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.removeLocationUpdates(<GoogleApiClient>, <Intent>);.
Whether the BroadcastReceiver is local to the service, or implemented as a class of its own, does not


Huawei Ascend P6 available on pre order at Carphone Wharehouse

Carphone Wharehouse, one of the UK’s largest phone retailers, is taking pre-orders for the Huawei Ascend P6 Android phone, with an estimated delivery date of 4th July.

Huawei is one of China’s biggest technology companies, and one of the third biggest sellers of mobile phones worldwide (having sold 11.2 million phones at the end of 2012, third only to Samsung and Apple).

The Ascend P6 packs some impressive stats, on paper, and the photo’s give it a very modern style. The sales pitch from Carphone Wharehouse states that the case is made of aluminum with an 4.7 inch screen with Gorilla Glass 2 to prevent scratches. As you can see from the photo at the top of the article, the deviceUAV pose is provided to the computer ([Figure 1](#sensors-19-01812-f001){ref-type="fig"}, in orange) by means of a topic published by the *mavros* (<http://wiki.ros.org/mavros>) ROS package. This topic can be used to establish relations between the sensor, UAV, and global coordinate frames using the *tf2* (<http://wiki.ros.org/tf2>) ROS package, that tracks the available frames' relations over the time. The LiDAR pose can be either a defined fixed relation with respect to the UAV, if it is fixed to the platform, or a dynamic relation, if attached to a gimbal, for example. In the last case, the LiDAR pose can be defined in a similar way as the UAV's.

Analyzing [Section 2](#sec2-sensors-19-01812){ref-type="sec"}, it is noticeable that the point cloud segmentation can be done at different levels, depending on the desired resolution and features, and


and to identify unknown areas. Knowing those areas may be needed for inspection or mapping surveys. Structure detection or vegetation monitoring are application-specific algorithms. For power lines inspection, the classification of the objects into power lines, pylons and vegetation may be necessary to detect faults and potential hazards. All of those algorithms can feed a control system of the UAV either by sending high-level commands to the autopilot ([Figure 1](#sensors-19-01812-f001){ref-type="fig"}, in dark green) or controlling actuators, like releasing some object near to a structure.

4. Power Line LiDAR-based Detection and Modeling (PL${}^{2}$DM) Algorithm {#sec4-sensors-19-01812}
=========================================================================

Based in the works related to the power line detection and modeling using LiDAR, there is a lack in providing real-time operation for a large amount of data at a high rate. The PL${}^{2}$DM algorithm contributesthe angular values are constrained to the interval $\omega_{\mathsf{\Pi}},\alpha_{\mathsf{\Pi}} \in \left\lbrack {0,\pi} \right\rbrack$.

An important note to this method is the fact that Equations ([1](#FD1-sensors-19-01812){ref-type="disp-formula"}) and ([2](#FD2-sensors-19-01812){ref-type="disp-formula"}) can have a null denominator, so they must be used with special care. For example, in Equation ([1](#FD1-sensors-19-01812){ref-type="disp-formula"}), this happens when $\omega_{nb} = \omega_{\mathsf{\Pi}}$ or $\omega_{nb} = \omega_{\mathsf{\Pi}} \pm \pi$. Even when those equalities are avoided, a very small value of the denominator will rapidly increase the value of $ver_{scale}$, which means that the relation between $\omega_{nb}$ and $\omega_{\mathsf{\Pi}}$ needs to be limited by setting a maximum to the allowable value of $ver_{scale}$. The algorithm will consider the calculated value of $r_{nb}$ not valid if it overpasses the maximum range of the LiDAR.

Another physical limitation that is applied to this approach is


two properties of the points that are used to create clusters. Besides the comparison between the beam true and expected ranges, it is also evaluated the relation of the normals. One of the normals is obtained directly from the previously estimated plane where the neighbor points lie, and another results from the local planar estimation. This local estimation comprises the point under analysis and the neighbors that pass the range relation constraint.

The points are first compared with their neighbors regarding the range values, using the methodology detailed in [Section 4.1.3](#sec4dot1dot3-sensors-19-01812){ref-type="sec"}. The points may then be clustered if the relation of the true ($r_{true}$) and expected ($r_{exp}$) ranges is below a predefined threshold $\zeta_{range}$:$$\frac{\max\left( r_{true},r_{exp} \right)}{\min\left( r_{true},r_{exp} \right)} - 1 < \zeta_{range}$$

Having a valid estimated normal for the localdifferent types of backgrounds (vegetation, rocks, buildings, etc.) or lines with various slopes are other interesting conditions to validate the method. For trying to improve and refine the point classification, the use of the LiDAR in dual-return mode can be tested. However, the algorithm would need adaptations to consider the double point existence.

When migrating the algorithm to new processing units, the running time needs to be re-evaluated to either consider or not the effect of slow processing, depicted in [Figure 24](#sensors-19-01812-f024){ref-type="fig"}. An alternative version of the algorithm, implemented in a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), can be advantageous to the performance of the algorithm, especially in the segmentation step. The scan could be divided into several parts and analyzed in parallel, being then merged by processing the contiguous limits


their results within 48 hours. Patients who don't receive results within that time frame should contact their health care provider, he said.

1:59 PM: Milwaukee's Bobblehead Museum To Feature Dr. Anthony Facui

The United States' top infectious disease specialist is getting his own bobblehead. The creation from the National Bobblehead Hall of Fame and Museum features Dr. Anthony Fauci wearing a suit as he discusses the coronavirus pandemic.

Museum co-founder and CEO Phil Sklar said Fauci was picked because many people see the plain-speaking expert on the coronavirus as a hero right now.

Sklar said the Milwaukee museum will donate $5 from every $25 Fauci bobblehead that's sold to the American Hospital Association. The funds will go toward getting masks and other protective equipment for health care workers.

1:45 PM: DHS Confirms 1,730I brought you this." "Oh." "I don't recognize the bottle." "That's because it cost as much as the beer." "Wow." "I don't even need a corkscrew." "Nope." "Okay." "Now..." "How do you know Adler?" "It's a long story." "If we are gonna catch this guy, just like I caught you, I need to know everything." "There's too much to tell." "[ Sighs ] You're gonna plead the Fifth?" "A few secrets are good, Peter..." "Keeps the mystery alive." "I get it." "This story includes some stuff about crimes I don't know about." "Yeah." "No." "You're not holding back on me." "We've got all night." "I'll make you a deal." "Full immunity for anything you say from this moment until the sun rises over that balcony." "Full immunity?" "Did


had a lot of holdings and a lot of enemies." "Turns out I had a knack for rooting them out." "And Kate was there the whole time." "Mm-hmm." "Is that when you guys got together?" "No, no." "She had a boyfriend." "Neal:" "Hmm." "Oh." "It's not there." "All right, we'll just have to try again." "Remind me again why I let you make my favorite necklace disappear." "Because..." "You like magic." "[ Both chuckle ]" "Someday you're going to tell me all of your secrets." "I mean it." "May I?" "Maybe someday." "Come out with me on Friday." "I, um..." "I have your assignment from Adler." "He wants you to look into this." "Right." "Looks like someone's been looking into his recent art acquisitions." "Nick?" "Michael asked mefinally together." "You had it all." "Yeah, I was eating the best food, wearing the best suits, drinking the best wine... the kind that has corks." "It was the perfect life." "And it was also the perfect lie." "You and Mozzie were still working the long con." "Trying to make the lie real." "But every con has an expiration date." "Adler makes the transfer on Friday, and you still haven't gotten the password yet." "I said I'll get it, I'll get it." "Oh, good, because I thought you were having second thoughts about abandoning your new town-and-country lifestyle." "Don't kid yourself." "Kate doesn't even know your real name." "None of them do." "They care about me, okay?" "She cares about me." "Um, no." "She cares about Nick Halden,


and he doesn't exist." "I hear the suit's been asking around about you." "He has a sketch." "Where'd he get a sketch?" "Oh, they always have a sketch or a print or something." "Look, it's time to finish this job and move on." "Let's have a look at you." "Never worn a custom suit before." "The fit is perfect..." "Except for the cuff." "The break should be an eighth of an inch above the shoe." "Nelson." "Good eye, sir." "I can't accept." "This is a $10,000 suit." "You can and you will." "Some people say dress for the job you want." "I say dress as the man you want to be." "Nick, men like you and I..." "We have an obligation to assault the commonplace every chance weHoly Week services at St. Patrick’s Episcopal Church, located at 225 S. Pagosa Blvd.

If you have questions about the services, or would like more information about the church, call 731-5801, or visit www.stpatrickspagosa.org.


not all enlargements $E\in
\mathbb{E}(T)$ are additive. However, it was proved in [@SV] that the smallest enlargement, denoted by $T^{\mathrm{SE}}$, is additive. The existence of a max-add element in $\mathbb{E}(T)$ is then obtained in [SV]{} as a consequence of Zorn’s lemma. In the present paper, we define a whole family of additive elements of $\mathbb{E}(T)$, denoted by $\mathbb{E}_{\mathcal{H}}(T)$. The family $\mathbb{E}_{\mathcal{H}}(T)$ has max-add elements, and the existence of these elements is deduced through a constructive proof. For the case in which $T=\partial f$, we show that some specific elements of $\mathbb{E}_{\mathcal{H}}(T)$ are contained in the $\epsilon $-subdifferential enlargement. Additionally, a specific element of our family coincides with the $\epsilon $-subdifferential when $T=\partial f$.

The layout of the paper is as follows. First, we define our family of enlargements ofand only if $$\langle y-x,y^{\ast }-x^{\ast }\rangle \geq 0\hspace{1cm}\forall (x,x^{\ast
}),(y,y^{\ast })\in \mathop{\rm gph\,}(T).$$A monotone operator $T$ is called *maximally monotone* if and only if the condition $\langle y-x,y^{\ast }-x^{\ast }\rangle \geq 0$ for every $(y,y^{\ast })\in \mathop{\rm gph\,}(T),$ implies $(x,x^{\ast })\in \mathop{\rm gph\,}(T)$. Equivalently, it amounts to saying that $T$ has no monotone extension (in the sense of graph inclusion).

In what follows, $f:X\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\cup \{+\infty \}$ will be a convex function. Recall that $f$ is *proper* if the set $\mathrm{dom}\left( f\right) :=\{x\in X:f(x)<+\infty \}$ is nonempty. The *subdifferential* of $f$ is the multivalued mapping $\partial
f:X\rightrightarrows X^{\ast }$ defined by $${\partial }f(x):=\{x^{\ast }\in X^{\ast }:f(y)-f(x)\geq \langle y-x,x^{\ast
}\rangle ,\,\forall y\in X\},  \label{subdiff:def}$$if $x\in \mathrm{dom}\left( f\right) $, and ${\partial }f(x):=\emptyset $, otherwise. Given $\epsilon \geq 0,$ the $\epsilon $-*subdifferential of*


}{h}$ of the first one satisfies $\mathrm{dom}\left( \mathcal{A}^{\infty }{h}\right) =\mathrm{dom}\left( {h}\right) \cap
    \mathrm{dom}\left( h^{\ast }\circ i\right) .$ If $\mathcal{A}$$^{\infty }{h}$ is lower semicontinuous, it is a fixed point of $\mathcal{A};$

-   Let $h\in \mathcal{H}.$ For every $n\geq 1$, one has$$\left( \mathcal{A}^{n}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\leq \mathcal{A}^{\infty }{h}\leq \mathcal{A}^{n}{h};  \label{eq:16}$$

-   Let $h\in \mathcal{H}.$ The sequence $\{\left( \mathcal{A}^{n}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\}_{n\geq 1}$ converges pointwise to $\mathcal{A}
    $$^{\infty }{h}$ on $\mathrm{dom}\left( {h}\right) \cap \mathrm{dom}\left(
    h^{\ast }\circ i\right) ;$

-   Let $T:X\rightrightarrows X^{\ast }$ be maximally monotone$.$ If $h\in \mathcal{H}(T)$ and $\mathcal{A}$$^{\infty }{h}$ is lower semicontinuous, then $\mathcal{A}$$^{\infty }{h}\in \mathcal{H}(T).$

\(i) We need to show that $\left( \mathcal{A}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\leq $$\mathcal{A}$${h}$. Indeed, using the properties of the conjugation$n\geq 1$ we have$$\left( {\mathcal{A}^{n}}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\leq \sup_{m\geq 1}\left( {\mathcal{A}^{m}}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\leq \inf_{m\geq 1}{\mathcal{A}^{m}}h=\mathcal{A}^{\infty }h.$$

\(vi) From (v), for every $(x,x^{\ast })\in \mathrm{dom}\left( {h}\right)
\cap \mathrm{dom}\left( h^{\ast }\circ i\right) $ we have $$\left( \mathcal{A}^{\infty }h\right) (x,x^{\ast })=\lim_{n}\left( \left( {\mathcal{A}^{n}}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\right) (x,x^{\ast }).$$Since, according to the proof of (iv), for $(x,x^{\ast })\in \mathrm{dom}\left( {h}\right) \cap \mathrm{dom}\left( h^{\ast }\circ i\right) $ the sequences $\{\left( \mathcal{A}^{n}h\right) (x,x^{\ast })\}$ and $\{\left(
\left( \mathcal{A}^{n}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\right) (x,x^{\ast })\}$ are adjacent, we immediately obtain that $\{\left( \left( \mathcal{A}^{n}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\right) (x,x^{\ast })\}$ converges to $\left(
\mathcal{A}^{\infty }h\right) (x,x^{\ast }).$

\(vii) By (v) and (i) we have$$\left( \mathcal{A}^{\infty }h\right) (x,x^{\ast })\geq \left( \left(
\mathcal{A}h\right) ^{\ast }\circ i\right) (x,x^{\ast })\geq \left\langle
x,x^{\ast }\right\rangle$$for every $(x,x^{\ast })\in X\times X^{\ast }.$ Hence, if $x^{\ast }\in
T\left( x\right) ,$


S(h)$. It remains to show that $h$ is minimal in $S(h)$. Let $h^{\prime }\in S(h)$ be such that $h^{\prime }\leq h$. We must show that $h^{\prime }=h$. Since $h^{\prime }\in
S(h),$ we have $h^{\prime \ast }\circ i\leq h^{\prime },$ and hence $L^{h^{\prime }}$ is additive by Remark \[rem2:additivity\]. Since $h^{\prime }\leq h,$ we have that $L^{h}(\epsilon ,x)\subset L^{h^{\prime
}}(\epsilon ,x)$ for all $\epsilon \geq 0$ and all $x\in X$. Using now the fact that $L^{h}$ is max-add and $L^{h^{\prime }}$ is additive, we conclude that $L^{h}=L^{h^{\prime }}$. Given any enlargement $E\in \mathbb{E}(T)$, the map from $E$ to $h_{E}$ is a bijection. This fact, together with the equality $L^{h}=L^{h^{\prime }}$, allows us to conclude that $h=h^{\prime }$. Hence $h$ is minimal in $S(h)$. Conversely, assume that $h\in S(h)$ and that $h$        William B. Shubb, Senior District Judge, Presiding

                      Argued and Submitted February 4, 2015
                               Seattle Washington

Before: FISHER, BEA, and MURGUIA, Circuit Judges.

        *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.


of the same mass will have a range of values determined by the typical duration of star formation as well as how fast these galaxies “brighten” and “fade” with time. Another consequence of the finite duration of star formation is that it changes the manner in which galaxies and halos are associated with each other. If the typical star formation duration $\tau_{SF}$ is much shorter than $\Delta t_{survey}$, and the SF in each halo turns on at a random point in time, some halos may not host a detectable galaxy during the observations. Hence, the SF duration $\tau_{SF}$ with respect to the survey time span $\Delta t_{survey}$ is related to the ratio of galaxy to halo number density $n_g/n_h$. We denote this quantity as the star formation “dutyof star formation in the halos with respect to the time span covered by the survey, and (2) the scatter in the $L$-$M$ relation due to the stochastic nature of the star formation (and dust obscuration), as qualitatively discussed in the previous section. While the formalism may likely be a simplified version of the reality, it offers a reasonable representation of the two important elements, the duty cycle and scatter, which can then be constrained observationally. Our method is intended to minimize the introduction of more free parameters, and at the same time, provide an inclusive description of all modes of star formation. For example, halos with quiescent star formation may be close to the mean [$\tilde{\mathcal{L}}(M)$]{}, while halos undergoing bursty star formation or little star formation would


in terms of the quantities that we described earlier. These include the galaxy LF, the galaxy correlation function at a given luminosity threshold, and the galaxy cross–correlation function between different luminosity bins.

Luminosity Function
-------------------

The LF, $\phi(L)$ or $\phi(M_{1700})$, can be obtained by integrating the total number density $\pi(L,M)$ over all ranges of masses $M$. In other words, for a fixed luminosity $L$, we sum over the probability-weighted number densities of all halos that can achieve the luminosity within the allowed scatter: $$\phi(L)dL=dL\int dM ~\pi(L,M) \nonumber$$ A more useful unit to compare with the observations is the LF in units of magnitude, $\phi(M_{1700})$: $$\phi(M_{1700})=  \frac{\ln 10}{2.5}\int L~dP(L|M)n_T(M)dM                      majority of galaxies below $L^*$, the observed UV luminosity scales approximately linearly with the host halo mass. Hence, in this halo context, the constant faint-end slope observed from $z\sim3$ to $6$ [$-\alpha \approx 1.6 - 1.7$: @steidel99; @mauro04b; @bouwens07; @reddy08] is a result of the fact that the power-law slope of the [$L$–$M$]{} scaling law is a approximately unity throughout these epochs.

While the slope of the [$L$–$M$]{} scaling law remains roughly constant, the amplitude of the [$L$–$M$]{} relation seems to change with redshift, for the simple cases we consider here. If the star formation duty cycle arises from a physical mechanism that does not evolve significantly from $z\sim6$ to $z\sim4$, we can begin to infer the evolution of the [$L$–$M$]{} relation with cosmic time directly from the evolution of the observed UV


LF. Figure \[ns\_dc50\_allz\] illustrates this trend for a fixed duty cycle of $50$%, but the same trend holds for other ${\mathcal DC}$ values. Figure \[ns\_dc50\_allz\] shows that the UV luminosity at a fixed mass decreases with time by a few tenths of a magnitude (right panel) from $z\sim5$ to $4$. This is in qualitative agreement with results inferred from a previous clustering study, that for a fixed $L_{UV}$ threshold, galaxies at $z\sim5$ have average bias consistent with lower halo masses than those at $z\sim3$ and $4$ [@lee06]. Due to large uncertainties associated with the LF measures at $z\sim6$, it is unclear if the same trend continues further back in time.

If we define a characteristic halo mass $M^*_h$ corresponding to a characteristic luminosity $L^*$, the same trend can beexplored simple scenarios where a duty cycle can vary, but the [$L$–$M$]{} scaling law holds a one-to-one relation without any scatter. Despite the simplicity in the cases discussed in the previous sections, we shall see later that the main conclusions do not change significantly when the fully general cases are considered. In the next section, we explore more general scenarios where the [$L$–$M$]{} relation can have non-negligible scatter component, $\sigma_L(M)$, in addition to a duty cycle. Due to the large uncertainties in the CFs of the [$V_{606}$]{}-band dropout sample, we focus on analyses of the [$B_{435}$]{}-band dropouts from here on.

The Effects of Scatter on the LF and Clustering {#subsection_LM_scatter}
-----------------------------------------------

The most general form of our model consists of nine parameters, four for the average luminosity [$\tilde{\mathcal{L}}(M)$]{}, another four for the luminosity


variance of the [$L$–$M$]{} scaling law. Equivalently, there is a degeneracy between the two in determining the shape of the one-halo term of galaxy CF. This is not so surprising because what sets the shape of the observables is the range of halo masses producing a luminosity $[L,L+dL]$, rather than what the median luminosity $\tilde{\mathcal{L}}$ is and how much scatter $\sigma_L$ is allowed at each mass. In other words, successful models can be found by either “allowing” large scatter to a fraction of low-mass halos that are otherwise meant to host a “too-faint-to-be-detected” galaxy, or by adding little scatter to the halos that are already bright enough to be detected, and everything in between the two.

A physical concept of interest is the regularity of the star formation intensity. In otherluminosity dependence on the faint end. As can be seen from the figure, the effect is much more subtle because halo bias increases only very mildly at low masses. We also note that the bias values are larger for higher duty cycle cases (compare the top and bottom panels), because higher duty cycle case implies higher median halo masses included in the sample.

Another observational measure we explore is the bright-faint galaxy cross-correlation function. The cross-correlation function delves directly into the [$L$–$M$]{} relation and the association of bright “central” and faint “satellites” in the same halo. Hence, it should be more sensitive to the halo occupation distribution within, and the galaxy density profile within the halos. We compute the galaxy XCF as described in Section 2 for the models which


$L_{UV}\propto M_h^{0.9-1.2}$ for the majority of galaxies ($L_{UV}\lesssim L^*$) regardless of a specific choice of the duty cycle value (Figures \[ns\_dc\_all\_z4\] – \[ns\_dc\_all\_z6\]). The approximately constant faint-end slope $\alpha\approx$-1.7 of the LF observed from redshift 3 out to 6 is a direct result of this linear scaling law, suggesting that the same star formation physics is at work throughout these epochs. On the other hand, the amplitude of the scaling law seems to change mildly with redshift in such a way that UV luminosity for a fixed halo mass $M$ was higher at earlier times by a few tenths of magnitude (Figure \[ns\_dc50\_allz\]). Our results are in accord with a similar finding that when galaxy samples at $z\sim3$, $4$, and $5$ were defined with the same absolute luminosityfor very low-mass halos ($M\lesssim 10^{10}$[$h^{-1}$M$_{\odot}$]{}). This may not be consistent with cosmological DM simulations. It will be interesting to estimate an infall rate of dark matter into a range of halo masses, and convert the DM infall rate to that of gas by using the baryonic matter density $\Omega_b$. This will allow us to make a rough estimate of the cosmologically consistent $\mathcal{B}$ parameter for low masses as well as high masses [@guo08; @conroy08].

The last scenario is a hybrid between the first two such that the $\mathcal{B}$ parameter reaches a minimum at an intermediate mass range ($\approx 10^{11.5}$ [$h^{-1}$M$_{\odot}$]{}: Figure \[LM\_hod\_flagall\_dc50\_z4\]). In much the same way as the first scenario, the gas accretion is stochastic at low masses (resulting in large values of the $\mathcal{B}$ parameter), while


are forming stars as quiescently as their brighter counterparts (Scenario 2), or they represent a small fraction of low-mass halos undergoing “bursty” star formation (Scenarios 1 and 3). We thank Fabio Governato, Houjun Mo, and Kentaro Nagamine for inspiring discussions, and the anonymous referee for her/his constructive report. K.L. gratefully acknowledges the generous support of Gilbert and Jaylee Mead for their namesake fellowship in the Yale Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics. We are grateful to the entire GOODS team for their efforts to produce the best possible data set. K.L thanks O. Ivy Wong, Ryan Quadri, Eric Gawiser, and Michele Dufault for providing useful comments and discussions.

[^1]: In reality, it is possible that the duty cycle may vary as a function of halo mass. However, we chose notto model ${\mathcal DC}(M)$ as it is unlikely to be constrained at least based on the current data.

[^2]: Note that we denote it as $\sigma_g$ to distinguish from the scatter of luminosity–mass relation introduced earlier.

[^3]: When a very large scatter is allowed in the $L$–$M$ relation, there can also be a contribution from the “bright satellite”–“faint central galaxy” pairs. However, for reasonable classes of models, the probability of such cases is negligible compared to the other two, and thus will not be considered. Considering the mass range of most halos ($N_g<3$) likely probed in the data, even the bright satellite–faint satellite pairs should have much lower occurrences than the bright central–faint satellite pairs.

[^4]: Because the $IC$ mainly arises from the large-scale clustering and the mean halo bias for


Q:

Empty space between affix navbar and content below

I have affix navbar that goes between header and content divs. But there is an empty space for about 20px between navbar and the content div below. Navbar is working, it sticks to top when scroll, but has that white gap when not scroling the page.
Another problem are colors of navbar, they wont change (fonts nor background).

Title

"Text"

text

HOME

something

something

something

      MORE
the roster which should show in this brutal group that mostly features excellent frontcourts. They have a couple of NCAA players. They were also a cinderella story at the last FIBA Africas championship. After losing all three preliminary round games and (logically) making the playoffs, they somehow went on a hot streak and made it to the final. There, they were without chance against Angola but super happy to have qualified for the World Cup.

Egypt's recent success is remarkable because the political instability in the country has caused some key players to temporarily retire from the team. Good to have you, Egypt, have some fun and get your program rolling.

FRANCE

Roster:

C Ian Mahinmi Rudy Gobert Joffrey Lauvergne PF Boris Diaw Florent Piétrus - SF Nicolas Batum Mickael Gelabale -


threat with great size who is complemented by former Raptor Roko Leni Ukic, and savvy off-guard Krunoslav Simon. All of those guys can drive it and look either for each other to shoot it or for Damjan Rudez. There's a lot of passing and ballhandling the Croats can throw out on the floor with Ukic, Simon, Bogdanovic, Saric and Babic.

WEAKNESSES: Defensively, this team is a question mark in the frontcout. At 7'2", Ante Tomic is a giant in the paint but he's been a weak defender for most of his career. He looked a lot better with Barcelona this year, but whether he can be a difference maker on this squad with guys like Rudez and Saric around him is a question mark.

KEY QUESTIONS: Can Croatia defend? Willgritty team. It's not crazy to assume that they might give the European teams in this group problems. Their stars are obviously Carlos Arroyo and Wolves villain J.J. Barea. Other than those guys you won't find acclaimed players on the roster. All but one Mexican league vet are playing in the domestic league. So does Renaldo Balkman, former New York Knick.

WEAKNESSES: They're not the tallest team in the competition as they only have three guys at 6'11" and no guys between 6'8-6'10. For some reason, they decided to leave 7'3" giant Peter John Ramos, a 10/5-threat the last few years, at home. Arroyo and Barea are their best players but you can't really pair them against most good teams. They're quite old too as they only have one


should rely heavily on Eugene Jeter's and Sergii Gladyr's shot creating and making ability. Jeter played in China recently which might cause concerns about his shape given the competition in this tournament. Gladyr played for Euroleague underdog JSF Nanterre where he was asked to perform a similar task. Other ballhandlers like young Olexandr Mishula or swingman Oleksandr Lypovyy might lack the experience and quality to be big contributors yet.

KEY QUESTIONS: Can Jeter and Gladyr keep the offense together? Will Mykhailiuk actually be on the team (oh please)

WHY SHOULD I WATCH THEM? They play a fun brand and had success lately while cultivating decent talent. Of all the no name underdogs, Ukraine might be the most fun one.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Roster:

C Anthony Davis Andre Drummond DeMarcus Cousins PF RudyGiron - PG Jorge Guttierez Pedro Meza Pau Stoll

(Former) NBA players: Jorge Guttierez (BRK), Gustavo Ayon

Average height: 6'5 | Average age: 27

STRENGHTS: Mexico's hopes lie on the shoulders of young Jorge Guttierez who signed a contract with the Brooklyn Nets late in the season, as well as 29-year old veteran center Gustavo Ayon.

WEAKNESSES: They're at a size disadvantage too, but fortunately are in the weakest group so they could make the knockout stage.

WHY SHOULD I WATCH THEM? I'm a big Jorge Guttierez fan, so I'll watch them.

SLOVENIA

Roster:

C Alen Omic Uros Slokar - PF Miha Zupan Jure Balazic - SF Edo Muric Jaka Klobucar - SG Zoran Dragic Klemen Prepelic Domen Lorbek PG Goran Dragic Jaka Blazic Aleksej Nikolic

(Former) NBA players: Goran Dragic (PHO), Bostjan Nachbar

Notable absentees: Erazem Lorbek,


Structure and evolution of ribonuclease P RNA.
Eubacterial RNase P contains a catalytic RNA that cleaves 5' leader sequences from precursor tRNAs. We review the current understanding of RNase P RNA structure and evolution, from the perspective of phylogenetic comparative analysis.300
shares, we give 50 shares to Bob and 150 shares to Charlie.

Well, this scheme has its own problems -- arguably worse ones than the current
system! If Bob really wants to buy 100 shares, and expects to be competing
with Charlie, he has an incentive to place a much bigger order: in this case,
if he knew Charlie's bid size, he would also ask for 300 shares, expecting to
get 100. Of course, Charlie will be playing the same game and inflating his
own bid size. The equilibrium is that everyone asks for way more size than
they actually want.

There are two things wrong here:

1\. Traders are spending mental energy trying second-guess each other's order
size; those who don't are crowded out of the most competitive (and, typically,
profitable) trades.

2\. Since traders can't guess correctly every


1\]: $$\begin{matrix}
{{norm}\left( x \right) = \frac{x - x_{\min}}{x_{\max} - x_{\min}}.} \\
\end{matrix}$$

### 3.2.3. Immune Centroids Generation {#sec3.2.3}

There are three steps for generating immune centroids. First, the selected antibodies $\overset{\rightarrow}{Ab}$ are going to proliferate (clone) proportionally to their antigenic affinity: the higher the affinity, the larger the clone size *nc* for each selected antibody:$$\begin{matrix}
{\text{clone}\left( \overset{\rightarrow}{Ab} \right) = \left\{ {\overset{\rightarrow}{Ab_{1}},\ldots,\overset{\rightarrow}{Ab_{nc}}} \right\}.} \\
\end{matrix}$$Next, each antibody $\overset{\rightarrow}{Ab}$ from the clone set will suffer a mutation with a rate *α* ~*k*~, which is inversely proportional to the antigenic affinity of its parent antibody $\overset{\rightarrow}{Ag}$: $$\begin{matrix}
{\text{mutate}\left( \overset{\rightarrow}{Ab} \right) = \overset{\rightarrow}{Ab} + \alpha_{k}\left( {\overset{\rightarrow}{Ab} - \overset{\rightarrow}{Ag}} \right),\alpha_{k} = \frac{1}{d}\ast{dist}\left( {\overset{\rightarrow}{Ab},\overset{\rightarrow}{Ag}} \right).\operatorname{}} \\
\end{matrix}$$And then we eliminate the memory antibodies (denoted as *M*) with a low antigen-antibody affinity (clonal suppression) *f* ~*ij*~ and a high antibody-antibody affinity (networkcode up to the step where I get the error message.
library(NLP)
library(tm)
library(caret)

r8train <- read.table("r8-train-all-terms.txt", header=FALSE, sep='\t')
r8test <- read.table("r8-test-all-terms.txt", header=FALSE, sep='\t')

# rename variables
names(r8train) <- c("Class", "docText")
names(r8test) <- c("Class", "docText")

# convert the document text variable to character type
r8train$docText <- as.character(r8train$docText)
r8test$docText <- as.character(r8test$docText)

# create varible to denote if observation is train or test
r8train$train_test <- c("train")
r8test$train_test <- c("test")

# merge the train/test data
merged <- rbind(r8train, r8test)

# remove objects that are no longer needed
remove(r8train, r8test)

merged <- merged[which(merged$Class %in% c("crude","money-fx","trade")),]

# drop unused levels in the response variable
merged$Class <- droplevels(merged$Class)

# counts of each class in the train/test sets
table(merged$Class,merged$train_test)

# a vector source interprets each element of the vector as a document
sourceData <- VectorSource(merged$docText)

# create the corpus
corpus <- Corpus(sourceData)

# preprocess/clean the training corpus
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, content_transformer(tolower)) # convert to lowercase
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, removeNumbers) #


scheme is that a legitimate MLM is focused on selling products, not recruiting more salespeople. In a legitimate MLM, it should be possible to make money by simply selling products directly to customers. With that main criterion in mind, here are some other ways to identify product-based pyramid schemes:
I see Melaleuca on here. I see that as both good and bad. They are an awesome company with a great compensation plan. However, they are not an MLM. They are not even listed with the federal agency that oversees those companies. They are a Consumer Direct Marketing company. How does that differ? While I am required to purchase a certain amount each month, that’s all I need to purchase. It’s all products I use in my own home forAhR expression were higher in CD4+T cells from AR patients than in those from healthy controls. In a hypoxic environment, the expression of HIF-1α was elevated in CD4+T cells of both AR patients and healthy controls. Meanwhile, the suppressive effects of a non-toxic AhR ligand (ITE) on the Th17 response and its positive effects on IL-10 production were suppressed in the cells of AR patients and healthy controls under hypoxia. These effects were arisen from HIF-1α out-competing AhR for ARNT binding which limited the activity of the AhR pathway. The present results suggest that hypoxia is capable of promoting the Th17 response by reducing AhR activity via HIF-1α activity. Thus hypoxia may be intimately involved in the pathogenesis of AR.


(Mercersburg, Pennsylvania), listed on the NRHP in Pennsylvania
Mansfield University of Pennsylvania
Mansfield Plantation, Georgetown, South Carolina, listed on the NRHP in South Carolina
 Mansfield, South Dakota
 Mansfield, Tennessee
 Mansfield, Texas
 Mansfield, Vermont (1763–1839), historic township annexed by Underhill, Vermont and Stowe, Vermont
 Mount Mansfield, the highest mountain in Vermont
 Mansfield (Petersburg, Virginia), listed on the NRHP in Virginia
 Mansfield, Washington
 Mansfield, West Virginia

People
 Mansfield (surname), people with the surname
 Mansfield (All-England cricketer, 1778)
 Mansfield Smith-Cumming, British spymaster
 Lord Mansfield (William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield) (1705–1793), British jurist
Mansfield Decision of 1772, ruling that there was no legal basis for slavery in the United Kingdom

Other uses
 Mansfield station (disambiguation), stations of the name
 "Mansfield", a song by Elton John, on the album Songs from the West Coast
 Mansfield College, Oxford, </Limit>

  # All printer operations require a printer operator to authenticate...
  <Limit Pause-Printer Resume-Printer Enable-Printer Disable-Printer Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs Deactivate-Printer Activate-Printer Restart-Printer Shutdown-Printer Startup-Printer Promote-Job Schedule-Job-After Cancel-Jobs CUPS-Accept-Jobs CUPS-Reject-Jobs>
    AuthType Default
    Require user @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>

  # Only the owner or an administrator can cancel or authenticate a job...
  <Limit Cancel-Job CUPS-Authenticate-Job>
    AuthType Default
    Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>

  <Limit All>
    Order deny,allow
  </Limit>
</Policy>

#
#

A:

Since you say it's only one printer which is showing this behaviour, the error is likely to be in /etc/cups/printers.conf.
Check the authorization entry for the printer which is asking for passwords.


/*
 * Copyright (c) 2016-2019 by k3b.
 *
 * This file is part of AndroFotoFinder.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
 * for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
 * this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
 */

package= 0;

		if (put_user(opt, optval))
			return -EFAULT;
		break;
	default:
		return -ENOPROTOOPT;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int
data_sock_bind(struct socket *sock, struct sockaddr *addr, int addr_len)
{
	struct sockaddr_mISDN *maddr = (struct sockaddr_mISDN *) addr;
	struct sock *sk = sock->sk;
	struct sock *csk;
	int err = 0;

	if (*debug & DEBUG_SOCKET)
		printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s(%p) sk=%p\n", __func__, sock, sk);
	if (addr_len != sizeof(struct sockaddr_mISDN))
		return -EINVAL;
	if (!maddr || maddr->family != AF_ISDN)
		return -EINVAL;

	lock_sock(sk);

	if (_pms(sk)->dev) {
		err = -EALREADY;
		goto done;
	}
	_pms(sk)->dev = get_mdevice(maddr->dev);
	if (!_pms(sk)->dev) {
		err = -ENODEV;
		goto done;
	}

	if (sk->sk_protocol < ISDN_P_B_START) {
		read_lock_bh(&data_sockets.lock);
		sk_for_each(csk, &data_sockets.head) {
			if (sk == csk)
				continue;
			if (_pms(csk)->dev != _pms(sk)->dev)
				continue;
			if (csk->sk_protocol >= ISDN_P_B_START)
				continue;
			if (IS_ISDN_P_TE(csk->sk_protocol)
			    == IS_ISDN_P_TE(sk->sk_protocol))
				continue;
			read_unlock_bh(&data_sockets.lock);
			err = -EBUSY;
			goto done;
		}
		read_unlock_bh(&data_sockets.lock);
	}

	_pms(sk)->ch.send = mISDN_send;
	_pms(sk)->ch.ctrl = mISDN_ctrl;

	switch (sk->sk_protocol) {
	case ISDN_P_TE_S0:
	case ISDN_P_NT_S0:
	case ISDN_P_TE_E1:
	case ISDN_P_NT_E1:
		mISDN_sock_unlink(&data_sockets, sk);
		err = connect_layer1(_pms(sk)->dev, &_pms(sk)->ch,
				     sk->sk_protocol, maddr);
		if (err)
			mISDN_sock_link(&data_sockets, sk);
		break;
	case ISDN_P_LAPD_TE:
	case ISDN_P_LAPD_NT:
		err = create_l2entity(_pms(sk)->dev, &_pms(sk)->ch,
				      sk->sk_protocol, maddr);
		break;
	case ISDN_P_B_RAW:
	case ISDN_P_B_HDLC:
	case ISDN_P_B_X75SLP:
	case ISDN_P_B_L2DTMF:
	case ISDN_P_B_L2DSP:
	case ISDN_P_B_L2DSPHDLC:
		err = connect_Bstack(_pms(sk)->dev,


with 17+ years of experience, Please have a look at my profile if you interested please contact me,
our services :-
We provide CAD services in Architecture/ Mechanical
High-quality Mere

Hi, quick reasons why we are best for your project:
*VISIT OUR PORTFOLIO ( http://rachel3dmaniax.weebly.com/) TO SEE OUR CREATIONS.
*WE ARE WELL EXPERIENCED IN ALL KINDS OF 3D WORKS.
*WE DELIVER OUR WORK IN TIME.
Mere

Yes will make your school campus design model exactly as you need, , provide you digital high quality work for sure, pay me once when updates getting approved by you, contact me please will start the work immediately Mere

Lets do samples first
,I saw your job description, and yes, I am very positive for this project.
& I will complete this on time ! .You Will get a regular updates on the progressof anybody other than those who want to take web-based surveys. Samples tend to be about two-thirds female and have a median age of 25.  Many techniques are available for recruiting participants with specific demographic profiles, though these efforts necessarily limit the potential size of the total participant pool.

References

 https://books.google.com/books?id=XageFwQUxp0C&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31&dq=synthetic+aperture+personality+assessment&source=bl&ots=HJbbYtwsxi&sig=ezn4ZC_-cu50UsEEfBsfotdzgU8&hl=en&ei=88s5Tq_ELPOBsgLZpIjzDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEIQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=synthetic%20aperture%20personality%20assessment&f=false
 https://sapa-project.org/dmc/docs/2011Telemetrics.pdf
 Fraley, R. C. (2004). How to conduct behavioral research over the internet: A beginner's guide to HTML and cgi/perl. New York: Guilford Press.
 Greenwald, A. G., Nosek, B. A., & Banaji, M. R. (2003). Understanding and using the implicit association test: I. An improved scoring algorithm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85 (2), 197-216.
 Grucza, R. A., & Goldberg, L. R. (2007). The comparative validity of 11 modern personality inventories: Predictions of