  How they serve their broken trash--
      Wilson, Bernal, Moore, and Ellice,
        Make an economic Hash!

      "Come, then, hungry friends, fall to 't,
        And, if patiently ye dine,
      Kind Liverpool shall find ye fruit,
        And jovial Bathurst choose your wine!"

VACATION REMINISCENCES; OR, WHIG OPERATIONS UP TO EASTER.

_Tune_-"Bow, wow, wow."

      A pack of Hounds of Whiggish breed, who sought to get their name up,
      And all throw off in gallant style whene'er they put the game up,
     Captain's claims who--votes for Aberdeen, Sir.
                                              Bow, wow, wow.

      Then Courteney moved, and others thought they could do much better,
      Than vote a breach of Privilege, a certain printed letter;
      But when they had its writer up, as all reporters teach, Sir,
      The House forgot its privilege, and only shew'd its breach, Sir!


own vanity which gave
this favourable meaning to an idle sound.

6. Whether he really was maltreated, as tradition reports, by a
kitchen-maid.

7. What sort of company he kept.

8. What the Cat was by which he rendered himself chiefly notorious,
and whether his famous expedition to catch the Cat was undertaken
prior, or subsequently, to his second Mayoralty.

9. And lastly, whether he died a natural or disgraceful death.

All these are points at issue, and will probably so continue till
the publication of my great work, except one, namely, the 8th, which
relates to his memorable Cat, upon which it is my intention to offer
in this _opusculum_ some lights and solutions.

History cannot perhaps be impartially written during the lives
of those to whom it relates, and the nine-fold term of existence
assigned to the feline species has probablyto remain
in existence.

If it be possible to imagine one thing upon earth more irresistibly
ridiculous than another, it is the composition of this enormous
thing--the size of it is thirty-five feet by twenty-one--in the
centre appears the Duke of Wellington in a pearl car--under his
feet are legs and arms, and heads in glorious confusion--before him
rides a pretty little naked boy upon a lion--over him in the clouds
are a group of young gentlemen with wings, representing the Duke's
victories, who look like Mrs. Wilkinson's Preparatory Academy turned
out for a bathe; and amongst these pretty little dears are Peace and
Plenty, and a great angel overshadowing the whole party.

But this very absurd jumble (at which, through a little hole, Blucher
and Platoff are looking with some surprise,) is by no means the
most ludicrous part of the


silk gown home by Saturday night at latest.

  "Thursday evening."

This interesting remain is without date, but it bears the evidence of
truth on its face. Mrs. Barbauld, who was the daughter of Dr. Aikin,
was a highly-talented lady; her "Beggar's Petition" itself is enough
to immortalize her. The desire to have home a new gown on Saturday
night, in order that she might wear it at church the next day, has
a naturalness in it which is quite refreshing--a feminine anxiety
operating upon a masculine mind.

I have endeavoured by every possible means to ascertain who the Miss
Higginbotham was, to whom the letter is addressed, but hitherto in
vain. By reference to the files of newspapers kept at the Chapter
Coffee House, in St. Paul's Churchyard, I see that in the year 1870,
a Mrs. Hickenbotham kepttoo evident that this passage comes direct from the
reverend writer's heart: it seems clear to the meanest capacity, that
he speaks from experience--perhaps of himself--when he expresses the
delight which _even one_ intelligent person can convey to a party. It
is quite clear, that in the party now assembled there either was no
intelligent person, or only one--at least, the observation of the
author leaves little room to doubt the disagreeable fact.

At page 80, the following account of the natives of Caversham and
the neighbouring districts is given, which is at once romantic and
picturesque:--

  "Among the equestrians, two are deserving that their looks and
  equipments should be alluded to in more than general terms.
  The animals they bestrode were a couple of broken-down ponies,
  gaunt and rusty, who had possibly


is in its
            prime;
      But _time_ or _tide_ won't wait for you, if you are _tied_ for
            _time_.

      "Then now you see, my little dears, the way to make a pun;
      A trick which you, through coming years, should sedulously shun.
      The fault admits of no defence; for wheresoe'er 'tis found,
      You sacrifice the _sound_ for _sense_: the sense is never _sound_.

      "So let your words and actions too, one single meaning prove,
   as a trivet.

The House rose at an early hour, it being understood that one of the
members had some heavy bets depending on a match of bumble-puppy, in
which he had backed his apprentice, and which came off that afternoon
in the neighbourhood of Bethnal Green.

CLUBS.[58]

There have recently been published several very edifying works upon
"Etiquette," and the mode of behaving well in company. As no book
touching the conduct of Club society has yet appeared, and this is
the season of the year at which those admirable institutions are
making weekly acquisitions in the shape of new members, we have
thought it might be neither superfluous nor disagreeable to give the
recently admitted candidates a few leading rules for their behaviour,
in the way of directions--Thus,

In the first place, find fault with everything, and bully the
waiters. What


birds," (all of which
were written, sung, composed, and recited by himself) he obligingly
sat down to the piano-forte on their return, and gave the following
air with infinite effect:

FANNY'S BOWER.[60]

      "Come, Fanny, I've raised a sweet bower,
        With roses and lilies entwin'd;
      Before it grows every flower,
        A bedroom I've built you behind.

      "Our couch is a cluster of roses,
        And while we lay lost in the sweet,
      The leaves will so tickle our noses,
        The thorns shall lie under our feet.

house, having
descanted upon the horrors of slavery, lighted, last Tuesday evening,
his bedroom candle, and betook himself to rest, his exemplary partner
having preceded him thither after family prayers. To doubt the
quiescence of such a couple, to imagine that anything could ruffle
their serenity, or disturb their slumbers, would be to libel the
fraternity to which our excellent friend belongs.

In the morning the exemplary man arose; and the first thing he did
when he went down stairs, was to look into his hot-house, where he
carefully examined a specimen of sugar-cane which he had planted some
months previously, with a view to the cultivation of free sugar upon
Dartmoor. He then sat down to breakfast with his lady.

"Dear Rachel," said the exemplary man, "how excellent this free sugar
is. You get this, I presume, of William Heywood?"

"To


 to favour the faults and weaknesses of the English; and in
  these cases--(what cases?)--he has the greatest and best among
  them,--those whose reputation is universal,--on his side.

  "The great charm, however, which attaches us to his side,
  consists in the moral manifestations of his nature, which run
  through the book: his clear understanding, and simple natural
  manner, render him highly interesting. We are agreeably affected
  by the sight of a right-minded and kind-hearted man, who
  describes with charming frankness the conflict between will and
  accomplishment!" (What does the Patriarch mean?)

  "We represent him to ourselves as of dignified and prepossessing
  exterior. He knows how instantly to place himself on an equality
  with high and low,is most romantically placed on a large
  rock. We saw from hence Snowdon, in almost transparent clearness,
  undimmed by a single cloud.... After this pastoral walk, tender
  mutton closed the day."

Who is not inclined to exclaim with the Welsh, according to his
highness's version, "Eich dyn!" This is your man!

Skipping some more blasphemies, we find ourselves at Kennell Park,
the seat of Colonel Hughes.

  "Towards evening," says his highness, "I arrived at the house of
  my worthy colonel--a true Englishman in the best sense of the
  word" (from being a Welshman, we presume). "He and his amiable
  family received me in the friendliest manner. Country gentlemen
  of his class, who are in easy circumstances, (with us they would
  be thought rich,)


chin, and five or
  six gold rings on your fingers?' My disclaimer was of no use. At
  last, however, she said good-humouredly, that if I positively
  would not allow that I was one, she wished at least that I might
  'become as rich as a Jew,' (an English phrase.) I confirmed this
  with a Christian 'Amen!'"

Barring the last bit of blasphemy, this is a laughable page. We only
ask, whether any prince, who had not the mind of a duck, would record
such an adventure as this? Another bar-maid--another pot-girl--and
she to whom he exclusively devoted his attentions, to set him down
for a Jew, and not to be convinced to the contrary! Where were his
"people"--where the evidence to counteract this calumny? The mere
nastiness of encouraging agone to the
Society of Arts to hear a lecture on astronomy."

"Then, Willy, go and endeavour to harness the horses yourself," said
the duke to his son, who instantly obeyed.

"You had better mind about those horses, sir," said Dowbiggin, still
watching the progress of his tree; "the two German philosophers and
Father O'Flynn have been with them to-day, and there appears little
doubt that the great system will spread, and that even these animals
which we have been taught to despise, will express their sentiments
before long."

"The sentiments of a coach-horse!" sighed the duchess.

"Thanks, Lady Maria," said Dowbiggin; "now I'll go to work merrily;
and, duke, whenever you can fudge up an answer to my question about
the Altaic chain, send one of the girls, and I'll take away the
things."

Dowbiggin disappeared, and the duke, who was anxious


in the possession of their
assistants, who, by extending, with a liberal anxiety (natural in men
who have become learned and great by similar means themselves), the
benefits of enlightenment, in turn gave way to the superior claims
of inferior animals, and were themselves compelled eventually to
relinquish happiness, power, and tranquillity in favour of monkeys,
horses, jackasses, dogs, and all manner of beasts.

SUNDAY BILLS.

We regret to see that a well-meaning gentleman of the name of Peter,
is trying to get up a second edition of the exploded Agnew absurdity.
Whatever the object of these efforts may be, it is clear that nothing
can more effectually tend to array the country in two classes against
each other,--the one of Atheists and Liberals, and the other of
Puritans and Fanatics.

How can a gentleman of honour, like Sir Andrew Agnew, prevaildreamt--dreamt, first, that I
was starving,--_that_, I think, must have been a sort of waking
vision; then, that I was at a ball; and then I dreamt of being safe
back at mine host's hospitable mansion; and then I had a confused,
hurly-burly kind of a dream, either that I was Sir Marmaduke
Wrigglesworth, or that Lady Wrigglesworth was Mrs. Daly, or something
of that sort, and that I tumbled out of bed, which tumble was to
me a 'dying fall;' for I rolled over on my side, and woke--in no
bed--in no house, but where I had lain me down, under the tree
before-mentioned."

"You must have caught your death of cold?" said I.

"No, Dalys and cats are very tenacious," said my jocular friend;
"I roused myself--sat up and listened--recollected where I was,
and heard at the same moment


for the horses, the repast, and the portion of
my night's rest which I ought to have had; and when I stepped into
the 'yellow and two,' I shook hands with her, and she gave me a look
as much as to say, again and again, 'Daly, Daly! you are not to be
trusted.'

"Well, sir, away I went, glasses rattling, and wind whistling (a
short stage, you know); and, before four, we reached the White Hart.
I had forestalled my Guildford sleep in the chaise; however, we soon
made them hear at the inn, and in less than three quarters of an hour
I was again rolled up in the sheets, having before I went to bed
written a note to my servant at Wrigglesworth, which I desired might
be sent off early in the morning, directing him,take his place under the inverted mirror,
contrived with an almost diabolical ingenuity, so as to refract and
reflect the light upon his face from the huge window at his back; I
said to myself, having got both hardened and hungry during my short
probation in court, "We shall not dine at six to-day."

It might, perhaps, injure the feelings of the individual himself,
or, if he is dead, those of his friends and relations, to detail the
particular case, the more especially as nothing could be clearer than
that the crime laid to his charge was amply and satisfactorily--to
everybody except himself--proved and substantiated.

Just as the last witness for the defence was under cross-examination,
I saw one of the lord mayor's servants put his powdered head in a
little hole, and whisper something to the ordinary of Newgate,


I more surprised than at finding the promised explanations
and comparisons of fact and testimony so suddenly cut short, after
the manner of "the story of the Bear and Fiddle," and I could not
help, while the clerk of the arraigns was putting his accustomed
question to the jury, noticing the circumstance to my worshipful
friend.

"To be sure," said the sheriff, "don't you see--the time is up--he
smells the marrow puddings."

The jury, emulating the expedition of the judge, in one minute,
according to the zig-zag system, acquitted the prisoner; whereupon,
his lordship rising to depart, addressed that individual in words to
this effect:--

"Prisoner at the bar, you have been tried by an able, patient, and
conscientious jury of your countrymen, who, convinced like myself
of the enormity of your crime, and of the wicked intentions by
which you were actuatedthe dennet
against a post at the corner of Plumtree Street, leaving the driver,
with his collar-bone and left arm broken, on the pavement, at the
mercy of two or three popish bricklayers and a couple of women of the
town, who humanely lift him to the coach-stand, and deposit him in
a hackney-chariot, having previously cut off the skirts of both his
coats, and relieved him, not only of his loose change, but of a gold
repeater, a snuff-box, and a pocket-book full of notes and memoranda,
of no use but to the owner.

The unhappy victim at length reaches home, in agonies from the
continued roughness of the pre-adamite pavement, is put to
bed--doctors are sent for, the fractures are reduced, and in seven
weeks he is able to crawl into his counting-house to write a cheque
for a


     Och, tell me truth now, and did you ne'er hear
      Of a pair of big traitors, call'd Jaffier and Pierre,
        Who thought that their country was shockingly served?
      Who met in the dark, and the night, and the fogs,--
      Who "howl'd at the moon" and call'd themselves "dogs,"
      Till Jaffier to Pierre pledged his honour and life,
      And into the bargain his iligant wife,--
        By which very means was ould Venice preserved.

      The ringleaders held a snug club infigure, form, and feature,
      That _she_ was born, without a doubt,
        Before the days of Jenner,
      By sitting next her, I found out,
        Once at a daylight dinner.

      Freckles, and moles, and holes, and spots,
        The envious sun discloses,
      And little bumps, and little dots,
        On chins, and cheeks, and noses.
      Last Monday, Kate, when next me placed
        (A most determined grinner),
      Betray'd


proprietor's
triumph, by giving him a dinner at the Piazza coffee-house. To this
dinner Mr. Hook was invited.

In the course of the day many persons sung, and Mr. Hook being
in turn solicited, displayed, to the delight and surprise of all
present, his wondrous talent in extemporaneous singing. The company
was numerous, and generally strangers to Mr. Hook; but, without a
moment's premeditation, he composed a verse upon every person in
the room, full of the most pointed wit, and with the truest rhymes,
unhesitatingly gathering into his subject, as he rapidly proceeded,
in addition to what had passed during the dinner, every trivial
incident of the moment. Every action was turned to account; every
circumstance, the look, the gesture, or any other accidental effects,
served as occasion for more wit; and even the singer's ignorance of
the names and condition_and_ Mumptifoni,
  _each peeping in_.

_Ama._ Have you been listening?

_Mum._ I have.

_Ama._ How like a courtier!--'tis well. Falalaria, our Princess
Regent, loves----

_Mum._ (_With a considerable degree of self-complacency._) I think
she _does_!

_Ama._ Not _you_--another.

_Mum._ Then, by my soul, he dies!

_Ama._ Nay! by my soul, he _lives_! 'Tis Blubbero, the mighty King of
Finland.

_Mum._ From Finland!--pshaw! A king of dolphins and Prince of Whales.

"WEATHER OR NO."

The last time that Theodore Hook dined at Amen Corner, he was
unusually late, and dinner was served before he made his appearance.
Mr. Barham apologized for having sat down without him, observing that
he had quite given him up, and had supposed "that the weather had
deterred him."

"Oh!" replied Hook, "I had determined to come, _weather_ or
no."--_Life of Rev. R. H. Barham._

DIAMOND CUT DIAMOND.

Hook told a story of a gentleman


is strong reason
to suppose that the true reading is, "more fool than knave." Lest
this learned dissertation on so curious a topic should be lost, or
even delayed to the world, I have furnished it to my worthy and most
erudite friend Mr. Macvey Napier, as an article for his forthcoming
Encyclopædia Edinburgensis.

[32] See also on this interesting subject the Pepysian MSS. in Magd.
Libr. Cantab.--Report of the Commissioners of Naval Revision, Folio
LIV.--And the Earl of Darnley's late Speech on the state of the
Fleets, in which last particularly, the whole matter is treated with
that clearness, ability, knowledge, and conciseness for which the
noble and learned peer is remarkable.

[33] "Mission to Ashantee," p. 431, last edition.

[34] Barthol. de Spina. Quest. de Strigibus, cap. 8. Mal. Malefica,
tom. 2, disputes at large the transformation of Witch intothat demands that the "I" be regarded as a thing. This perspective is also evident even when discussing such highflown ideas as self-actualization, which, at its core, is simply a material characterization of Self-realization and/or God-realization.

Ego is what defines our roles in the material world; we are a mother, a daughter, a brother -- rich man, poor man, beggar man, thief. By defining our roles in the conscious realm, the ego is hell-bent on drawing us off our sense of the Self within the superconscious realm. The more we identify ourselves with the "I", the less we are able to identify with the Witness.

The Witness, the Dweller, Thoughts without a Thinker, the One Mind --- these are all descriptors for this superconscious state, that state which keeps us


## summary(dt_gather)

  ## Add the other columns in the data frame and convert the resulting data frame into a matrix
  dt_reshape_filter_2 <- dt %>%
    dplyr::rename(var2 = ID) %>%
    dplyr::filter(variable %in% c("year", "day", "time", "ID", "died")) %>%
    tidyr::spread(variable, value) %>%
    dplyr::arrange(as.numeric(var2)) %>%
    dplyr::mutate(year = ind[,c("year")],
                  day = ind[,c("day")],
                  time = ind[,c("time")],
                  ID = ind[,c("ID")],
     sep="_")), c("a_M", "b_M", "c_M"), paste, sep="|"))
col_mat <- c("year", "day", "time", "ID", "died", v_date)

arr1 <- ff(-999L, dim = c(n_row, length(col_mat), n), dimnames = list(NULL, col_mat, NULL))

## Fill the first row of each matrix slice
arr1[1, , ] <- c(1L, 1L, 1L, NA, 0L, rep(0L, length(v_date)))
arr1[1, 4, ] <- seq_len(n)-1L

## Build the matrix "individual"
ind <- as.matrix(data.frame(year = rep(1L, n), day = rep(1L, n), time = rep(1L, n), died = rep(0L, n), ID = (seq(1L, n, 1L))- 1L, a_M = sample(1L:10L, n, replace = T), b_M = sample(1L:10L, n, replace = T), c_M = sample(1L:10L, n, replace = T)))

##fill the matrix
indexTime <- 1L
dt_t <- fillMatrices(dt_t_1 = t(arr1[1, ,]), species = c("a_M", "b_M", "c_M"), maxDuration = 5, matrixColumns = col_mat)

## reassign
system.time(
  arr1[indexTime + 1, ,] <- dt_t
)

   user  system


is canceling a speaking event by a contentious writer who had been invited to campus by students.

President Adam Falk told students on Thursday that the writer John Derbyshire, whose views have been criticized as racist, will not be welcome on the campus in Williamstown.

A student group that regularly hosts speakers with polarizing opinions had invited Derbyshire to speak on Monday. The group’s leader, sophomore Zach Wood, says that as an African American he disagrees with Derbyshire’s opinions, but he wanted to give students the opportunity to challenge those views.

It’s the first time the college has blocked a speaker invited by the group. The school’s president says many of Derbyshire’s views amount to hate speech.

Derbyshire could not immediately be reached for comment.

The story could end here. Or it couldSolution Planners offer the latest computer aided design, estimating and planning technology. We provide accurate professional reports, saving you time and money in the preparation of tenders and presentations.

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Google Sitemaps Bug Squashed Over Thanksgiving

On the eve of Thanksgiving, several complaints started popping up in the GoogleWebmasterHelp forums. The complaints were that when you viewed the status of your XML Sitemap in Google Webmaster Tools, Google reported an error.

The specific error read:

Hm. Something isn't right. We're checking into it now.

Please let us know in our Help Forum.

It isn't clear if this was just a reporting glitch or a larger bug but the issue was resolved on Thanksgiving day before most SEOs and Webmasters had a chance to even complain.

Google Product Manager, Christina Chen replied to the various issues Wednesday night. By Thursday morning the issue was fixed.

Google's JohnMu confirmed the issue was resolved that morning, saying:header contains a usage counter, which is incremented (up to a
small limit value) whenever the buffer is pinned.  (This requires only the
buffer header spinlock, which would have to be taken anyway to increment the
buffer reference count, so it's nearly free.)

The "clock hand" is a buffer index, NextVictimBuffer, that moves circularly
through all the available buffers.  NextVictimBuffer is protected by the
BufFreelistLock.

The algorithm for a process that needs to obtain a victim buffer is:

1. Obtain BufFreelistLock.

2. If buffer free list is nonempty, remove its head buffer.  If the buffer
is pinned or has a nonzero usage count, it cannot be used; ignore it and
return to the start of step 2.  Otherwise, pin the buffer, release
BufFreelistLock, and return the buffer.

3. Otherwise, select the buffer pointed to by NextVictimBuffer, and
circularly


Q:

Compute hex color code for an arbitrary string

Heading
Is there a way to map an arbitrary string to a HEX COLOR code. I tried to compute the HEX number for string using string hashcode. Now I need to convert this hex number to six digits which are in HEX color code range. Any suggestions ?
String [] programs = {"XYZ", "TEST1", "TEST2", "TEST3", "SDFSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS"};

for(int i = 0; i < programs.length; i++) {
  System.out.println( programs[i] + " -- " + Integer.toHexString(programs[i].hashCode()));
}

A:

If you don't really care about the "meaning" of the color you can just split up the bits of the int (remove the first for just RGB instead of ARGB)
String [] programs = {"XYZ", "TEST1", "TEST2", "TEST3", "SDFSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS"};

for(int i = 0; i < programs.length; i++) {
  System.out.println( programs[i] +residual heat after our tests suggest that you'd be wise to let it cool conventionally to avoid premature lamp replacement. (The projector has a "Quick Cool" setting that reduces standing time to 30 seconds.)

Colour match

Colour-conscious presenters may be interested in the sRGB mode, which promises colour matching with other sRGB-compliant devices. What's curious is that the projector is quite happy to let you play with colour temperature, contrast and brightness while in this mode, which rather defeats the object of having a fixed colour-space standard.

The projector is equipped with keystone adjustment (vertical only), which can be easily accessed via the minimalist cut-metal control pad. Alternatively, you can select automatic keystoning, which uses an internal sensor to correct the image based on the tilt of the projector. Both solutions


with a friend and finally understood what he had found.

"After that, I realized it was a baby. Then I called police," the teenager said. "It looked like a newborn. It looked just like a newborn."

The body was near a cardboard box and other debris and was initially believed to have been burned, police said.

Homicide detectives later determined the remains were not burned but in a stage of decomposition that would give the body that appearance, according to police Sgt. Brad Johnson.

No additional information was released about the baby.

Please enable Javascript to watch this video

33.875617 -118.169765   @AAP A @AAfA\\
    (\omega+1)^\omega @> \varphi >> X
  \end{CD}$$

In [@Zpl:DSTDF] Zapletal generalized Solecki’s dichotomy to all Borel functions by proving the following theorem.

If $f:X\rightarrow Y$ is a Borel function which is not $\sigma$-continuous then there is a compact set $C\subseteq X$ such that $f{\!\!\upharpoonright\!\!}C$ is not $\sigma$-continuous and of Baire class 1.

In this paper we give a new proof of the above dichotomy for all Borel functions, which is direct, shorter and more general than the original proof from [@Sol].

Notation
========

We say that a Borel function $f:X\rightarrow Y$, where $X,Y$ are Polish spaces, is $\sigma$-continuous if there exist a countable cover of the space $X=\bigcup_n X_n$ (with arbitrary sets $X_n$) such that $f{\!\!\upharpoonright\!\!}X_n$ is continuous for each $n$. It follows from the


$\sigma,\sigma^\smallfrown\omega\leq\tau$.

The set $X^n_\sigma$ is to be understood as the space for further construction of sets $X_\rho$ for $\rho\supseteq\sigma$ and $\rho>\tau$, as can be seen in the first condition above. The last condition, as we will see later, will be used to guarantee “continuity” of the family of sets $X_\tau$. For technical reasons we will also make sure that $X^n_\sigma=(X^n_\sigma)^*$.

We are going to ensure disjointness of $C_\tau$’s by satisfying the following conditions:

-   $C_{\tau^\smallfrown a}\subseteq C_\tau$,

-   $C_{\tau^\smallfrown a}\cap C_{\tau^\smallfrown
           b}=\emptyset$ for $a\not=b$.

The fact that ${\mbox{diam}}(X_\tau)<1\slash|\tau|$ will follow from the following inductive conditions (recall that $\pi(\tau)\leq\tau$ for any $\tau$):

-   ${\mbox{diam}}(X_\tau)< 3\,{\mbox{diam}}(X_{\pi(\tau)})$,

-   ${\mbox{diam}}(X_{\tau^\smallfrown\omega}) <
        1\slash(3^{|\tau|+1}(|\tau|+1))$,

because iterating projectionsany $\varepsilon>0$. Let $m$ be such that ${\mbox{diam}}(X_\sigma)<\varepsilon$ for $\sigma\in{(\omega+1)}^m$ and $j\in\omega$ such that $d(\tau_j,\pi(\tau_j))<3^{-m}\varepsilon$. Let us write $\rho^\smallfrown\omega^l$ for $\rho$ extended by $l$ many $\omega$’s. By (\[ineq\]) and coherence of projections we have $$h(X_{{\tau_j}^\smallfrown\omega^{m-n}},X_{\pi(\tau_j)^\smallfrown\omega^{m-n}})<\varepsilon,$$ which implies that $\varphi(\tau_j)$ and $\varphi(\pi(\tau_j))$ are closer than $3\varepsilon$. This shows that $\varphi(\tau_j)\rightarrow\varphi(\tau)$ and proves continuity of $\varphi$.

Key lemma. {#key-lemma. .unnumbered}
----------

Now we state the key lemma, which will be used to guarantee “continuity” of the family of sets $X_\tau$.

\[limit\] Let $X$ be a Borel set, $f:X\rightarrow \omega^\omega$ a Borel, not $\sigma$-continuous function. There exist a basic clopen $C_\omega\subseteq f[X]$ and a compact set $X_\omega\subseteq
    f^{-1}[C_\omega]$ such that

-   $f{\!\!\upharpoonright\!\!}X_\omega$ is not $\sigma$-continuous,

-   $X_\omega\subseteq{\mbox{cl}}\big((f^{-1}[\omega^\omega\setminus
          C_\omega])^*\big)$.

The compact set $X_\omega$


can be chosen of arbitrarily small diameter.

Without loss of generality assume that $f^{-1}[C]=(f^{-1}[C])^*$ for all clopen sets $C\subseteq\omega^\omega$. Let us consider the following tree of open sets, indexed by ${\omega^{<\omega}}$ $$U_\tau={\mbox{int}}\big(f^{-1}[[\tau]]\big).$$ Let $G=\bigcap_n\bigcup_{|\tau|=n} U_\tau$ and $Z_\tau=f^{-1}[[\tau]]\setminus U_\tau$. Notice that $f{\!\!\upharpoonright\!\!}G$ is continuous and since $X=G\cup\bigcup_\tau
    Z_\tau$ there is $\tau\in{\omega^{<\omega}}$ such that $Z_\tau\not\in
    I_f$. Observe that $Z_\tau\subseteq{\mbox{cl}}\big(\bigcup_{\tau'\not=\tau,|\tau'|=|\tau|}
    f^{-1}[[\tau']]\big)$ because if an open set $U\subseteq
    f^{-1}[[\tau]]$ is disjoint from $\bigcup_{\tau'\not=\tau,|\tau'|=|\tau|}
    f^{-1}[[\tau']]$ then $U\subseteq U_\tau$. Now put $C_\omega=[\tau]$ and pick any compact set with small diameter $X_\omega\subseteq Z_\tau$ such that $X_\omega\not\in I_f$.

The construction. {#the-construction. .unnumbered}
-----------------

We begin with $X_\emptyset=X^0_\emptyset=X$ and $C_\emptyset=\omega^\omega$. Without loss of generality assume that $X=X^*$. Suppose we have done $n-1$ steps of the inductivek$ such that $f^{-1}[[\beta^m_i]]\cap
  B_i\not=\emptyset$ and $$X^{n-1}_{r(\tau)}\cap{\mbox{cl}}\big((X^{n-1}_\sigma\setminus f^{-1}[\bigcup_{i\leq k} [\beta^m_i]])^*\big)\not\in I_f.$$

We are going to carry on this construction up to some $m<\omega$ and put $X^n_\rho=\big(X^{n-1}_\rho\setminus\bigcup_{i\leq k}
  f^{-1}[[\beta^m_i]]\big)^*$ for $\rho<\tau,\rho\not\supseteq r(\tau)$ and $X^n_{\rho}=\big(X^{n-1}_{\rho}\cap{\mbox{cl}}(X^n_\sigma)\big)^*$ for $\rho<\tau,\rho\supseteq r(\tau)$. We must, however, take care that this does not destroy the existing anchors.

Since $f^{-1}[\{x\}]\in I_f$ for any $x\in 2^\omega$ and there are only finitely many elements of the existing anchors, we may pick $m<\omega$ and construct the sequences $\beta^m_i$ so that for any element $A$ of an anchor “below” $X^{n-1}_{r(\tau)}$ it is the case that $A\cap{\mbox{cl}}(f^{-1}[C_\sigma\setminus\bigcup_{i\leq k}
  [\beta^m_i]]\cap X^{n-1}_\sigma)\not\in I_f$ and for any element $A$ of other anchors $A\setminus\big(\bigcup_{i\leq k}
  f^{-1}[\beta^m_i]\big)\not\in I_f$.

Once we have constructed the sequences $\beta^m_i$ for $i\leq k$ we put $C_i=[\beta^m_i]$ and $C_\tau=\bigcup_i
  [\beta^m_i]$. Next


Jainism in Africa

The history of Jainism in Africa is relatively short when compared with the histories of Judaism, Christianity and Islam on the same continent. There are about 20,000 Jains and around 10 Jain organizations in Africa.

History
Jainism entered Africa during the late 19th century, when Jains first emigrated from India to Kenya, and then to Uganda, Sudan and Tanzania.

An exodus of Asians from Uganda in 1972 due to Idi Amin's policies forced some Jains to migrate elsewhere, like Australia, North America and Europe.

Jainism in Kenya
Jainism in Kenya has been present for about 100 years. It is practiced by a small community that actively organizes Jain conventions, film festivals and other community programs.

There are Jain temples in Nairobi and Mombasa. Jains are among the most successful and prosperous businessmen*v1.DeleteOptions) error
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Q:

Downgrade gcc/g++ in Ubuntu?

I am trying to downgrade gcc/g++ to 4.8.1.  I tried two options, both with problems.

use sudo apt install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8.  This option will install 4.8.5 etc. I wonder if there is any way to specify 4.8.1. sudo apt install gcc-4.8.1 g++-4.8.1 does not work as it will complain that "unable to locate package gcc-4.8.1".
Download "gcc-4.8.1" and follow the official steps ("configure, make, make install") but it fails at the make step with errors "CXXABI_1.3.8" not found.

I found another solution but I am not sure whether it is desirable (" install gcc-4.8.1 from source code on Ubuntu-16.04").
How do I downgrade gcc/g++ to 4.8.1 in Ubuntu?
Many thanks.

A:

How do I downgrade gcc/g++ to 4.8.1 in Ubuntu?

I think you want look intoCheeky Instagram message has Manu loving Bundy barbecues

I have worked with the NewsMail since January 2012.
I started out as the secretary before discovering a passion for sharing people's stories.
I took on the role of a reporter in 2014 and haven't looked back.
I enjoy meeting new people and hearing about all walks of life.
If you'd like to share your story, give me a buzz or shoot me an email.

BUNDABERG couple Jason Marland and Emily Clever never thought a cheeky Instagram message to a celebrity chef would have their fire pit in the backyard of MasterChef judge Manu Feildel, but it did.

The couple started Yagoona Design Australia as a side business in Bundy in 2014, after friend Alex Lototzky moved to Switzerland and found there were no barbecues to suit


Tags

[Presented at a session on "Human Action After Sixty Years" at the Eastern Economic Association in New York City, February 26-March 1, 2009.]

In September of 2009, it will be sixty years since the appearance of Ludwig von Mises's Human Action, a Treatise on Economics, one of the truly great "classics" of modern economics. Often a "classic" means a famous book considered to have made important contributions to a discipline that is reverentially referred to but is rarely ever read. In economics, Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations is the typical example of such a work. Every economist has heard of the "invisible hand" and the notion of self-interest furthering the public interest through the incentive mechanism of the market, but probably few economists nowadays have actually read more thanguiding star of action under a system of division of labor," Mises declared in Human Action. "It is the compass of the man embarking on production." The significance of the competitive process, as Mises had expressed it in his earlier volume Liberalism, is that it facilitates "the intellectual division of labor that consists in the cooperation of all entrepreneurs, landowners, and workers as producers and consumers in the formation of market prices. But without it, rationality, i.e., the possibility of economic calculation, is unthinkable."

Such rationality in the use of means to satisfy ends is impossible in a comprehensive system of socialist central planning. How, Mises asked, will the socialist planners know the best uses for which the factors of production under their central control should be applied without


of consumers. The political intervener is left with the choice of either introducing new controls and regulations in an attempt to compensate for the distortions and imbalances the prior interventions have caused, or repealing the interventionist controls and regulations already in place and allowing the market once again to be free and competitive. The path of one set of piecemeal interventions followed by another entails a logic in the growth of government that eventually would result in the entire economy coming under state management. Hence, interventionism consistently applied could lead to socialism on an incremental basis.

The most pernicious form of government intervention, in Mises's view, was political control and manipulation of the monetary system. Contrary to both the Marxists and the Keynesians, Mises did not consider the fluctuationsinform market participants about the availability of savings relative to the demands for investment expenditures, and which facilitate the intertemporal coordination of resource use over periods of time relative to the demands of income earners for consumption in the present versus the future — send out misinformation to both producers and consumers under the pressure of monetary expansion.

In the wake of Federal Reserve monetary mischief, once again, over the last several years, the imbalances and distortions generated by monetary policies have resulted in the current economic crisis. And now, in the face of the inescapable need for the rebalancing and recoordination of misdirected resources and malinvested capital, the "ghost of Keynes past" has been resurrected.

The focus on aggregate output and employment declines over the last year, which is


education, and the energy sector — as well as a much greater control over the financial and capital markets.

But where will all the money come from to fund this new gargantuan largess for expanded political paternalism? In the Austria of the interwar period of the 1920s and 1930s, Mises had witnessed and explained the consequences from unrestrained government spending that finally resulted in the "eating of the seed corn" — capital consumption. Mises warned of this danger, too, in the pages of Human Action, and the fact that there must be a point at which the interventionist welfare state will have exhausted "the reserve fund" of accumulated wealth, after which the consumption of capital becomes the only basis upon which to continue to feed the fiscal demands ofLuynes was dug out of municipal, regional, and national archives, to be at one and the same time unique, as a local noble who becomes minister-favorite, yet also as an archetype of an aristocratic politicized elite that was eager for offices, titles and pensions for themselves and their clients, and as a man whose personality and political skills and vision righted the ship of state that had been overturned by Henry IV's assassination. As Sharon put it:

Luynes was a “no fingerprints” politician; that is, he was secretive about what he thought and did. Political sophisticates are often secretive because power politics is a game of misdirection... Luynes was unlikely to have committed anything significant to paper. Since he was semi-literate, he did not have the habit of committing


his thoughts to paper. (p. 183).

Upon completing it, Sharon knew it was good. She wrote to various American university presses; all declined, not only the book, but to read the typescript. We must all thank Joseph Bergin for making possible its publication by the Manchester University Press.

It is with a heavy heart and in sadness that I recognize how much Sharon's learned grace meant to me, and will always mean to those who had the honor of knowing her.groups who were highest at baseline. This may be due to the fact that patients seek help when their mental distress is at a maximum.

In the multivariate analyses, anxiety disorders (GAD, SAD, sum of anxiety disorders) together with somatization disorders were significant and independently related to a high level of mental distress at follow-up. Haver and Gjestad \[[@B45]\] also found phobic anxiety to be an important predictor of outcome in female alcohol-dependent patients, partly due to the influence phobic anxiety had on depression. In general, anxiety disorders are more stable than affective disorders \[[@B46]\], and they should always be the focus of therapeutic interventions among SUD patients. Compared with the other Axis I disorders that had a significant and independent impact on mental distress at follow-up, social anxiety


use in the follow-up period, but that each of the variables had an independent impact on the mental distress outcome. This implies that one cannot expect total improvement in the other, potentially very disturbing, mental disorders, by limiting treatment to the addictive behaviour. The substance abuse field should involve the diagnosis and treatment of Axis I and II disorders as disorders independent of SUD.

Limitations
-----------

A major strength of this study is that the sample is a consecutive sample, with heterogeneity of clients with regard to the number of facilities involved, the numbers of inpatients and outpatients, and the main substance of abuse. We have also used both a well-established structured interview (CIDI) and self-report instruments (MCMI, HSCL-25). The relatively long follow-up period (75 months) is also a strength, minimizingsuch a lovely and wide-reaching conversation with you, @jeremycorbyn! Also honored to share a great hope in the peace, prosperity, + justice that everyday people can create when we uplift one another across class, race, + identity both at home & abroad. https://t.co/7qnz42I8du — Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (@AOC) February 3, 2019

Corbyn has been plagued with accusations of anti-Semitism and has a long history of condemning Israel while applauding anti-Jewish terrorist organizations. He famously referred to terrorist organizations Hamas and Hezbollah as “friends” in 2009.

He also praised Hamas fundraiser Raed Salah, calling him an “honored citizen,” according to Foreign Policy magazine. Salah is notable for espousing that Jews were responsible for the September 11 terrorist attacks. (RELATED: Ocasio-Cortez Claims Her Comments On Israel Were Doctored — They Were Not)

He further


based on the stolen vehicle information on the “hot
         sheet,” thus the contraband found as a result was admissible); Kelly v.
         State, 721 S.W.2d 586, 587 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1986, no writ)
         (finding that stop of defendant because officer believed the vehicle was
         stolen provided the officer with reasonable suspicion to detain defendant
         regardless of whether the information was shown to be inaccurate or
         false).

Mount v. State, 217 S.W.3d 716, 728 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2007, no pet.).

 h(i) = -3. Let o(q) = -7. Let d(u) = -9*h(u) + 4*o(u). Let g(c) = -c + 2. Suppose -10*j + 36*j - 416 = 0. Suppose -17 - 31 = -j*m. What is m*g(x) + 6*d(x)?
-3*x
Let d(l) = l - 1. Suppose -31 = 723*b - 754*b. Let u(j) = -8*j + 4. Give b*u(f) + 4*d(f).
-4*f
Let g(y) = -1. Let x(k) be the second derivative of k**3/3 - 5*k**2 - 5572*k. Give -4*g(n) + x(n).
2*n - 6
Let w(y) = 30*y**2 - 1. Let q(j) = -92*j**2 + 24016. Determine -q(i) - 3*w(i).
2*i**2 - 24013
Let s(n) = -12*n + 3. Let l(k) = 10878 + 10*k - 10885 + 13*k. Calculate -2*l(f) - 5*s(f).
14*f - 1
Let q(p) = 94*p**2 + 18*p - 13. Let r(v) =


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  AVAILABLE Last checked: 44 Minutes ago!

Driving past a memoir of what made australias roads safer geoff quayle on amazoncom free shipping on qualifying offers its almost impossible to believe that . Roads safety measures driving past a memoir of what made australias roads safer geoff quayle a memoir of what made australias roads safer . Buy driving past a memoir of what made australias roads safer by geoff quayle 2015 09 01 by isbn from amazons book store everyday low prices and free . Driving in australia is an you should never presume the road is safe to when behind a truck on a long stretch of road many truck drivers will indicate . Driving on minor outback roads off a sealed the enquiry made a series of


condition – Theorem 1 in [@herzog-kuhl] shows that the type of a pure resolution completely determines the graded betti numbers of a Cohen-Macaulay module.

\[prop: res\]A minimal resolution of $I_{{\ensuremath{\mathcal{A}}}_p}$ is pure of type $$(2(p+1), 2(p+2), \ldots, 2n).$$

The ideal $\tilde I_{\Delta}$ has a pure resolution $T.$ of type $(p+1, p+2, \ldots, n).$ (See [@froberg] Example 4.) Applying Proposition \[prop: regular\] implies that $\phi(T.)$ is a pure resolution of $\phi(\tilde I_{\Delta}) \otimes_{k[y_0, \ldots y_n]} S = I_{{\ensuremath{\mathcal{A}}}_p}$ with type $$(2(p+1), 2(p+2), \ldots, 2n).$$

It is interesting to note that a (non-minimal) resolution of $I_{{\ensuremath{\mathcal{A}}}_p}$ can be constructed in a purely combinatorial fashion using a generalization of the Taylor complex which is described in [@yuzvinsky]. The Taylor complex splits as the minimal pure resolution of $I_{{\ensuremath{\mathcal{A}}}_p}$ and a trivial complex.

Knowing the invariantsmaximum occurs when $i = n-p-1.$

General constructions
=====================

In this section we show that one should not expect the ideals of the $p$-skeleta of polytopes other than cubes, even simple polytopes, to be generated by products of linear forms defining the hyperplanes supporting the facets. (Recall that a *simple polytope* in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is a polytope in which each face of dimension $p$ is contained in precisely $n-p$ facets.) However, the methods developed in §2 suggest a possible method of constructing equidimensional subspace arrangements whose defining ideals are generated by products of linear forms which we will discuss at the end of this section.

We show that the ideal of the arrangement of 30 lines corresponding to the edges of a dodecahedron is not generated by products of linear forms defining the


lattice of $D.$

Since $I_{{\ensuremath{\mathcal{A}}}}$ is the intersection of ideals defined over the integers, it is generated by polynomials with integer coefficients. Using *Macaulay 2* [@grayson-stillman] and working over the field of rational numbers, one can see that the ideal of ${\ensuremath{\mathcal{A}}}$ is minimally generated by 10 forms of degree 8. However, we will see that any product of the $\overline{L_i}$ that vanish on ${\ensuremath{\mathcal{A}}}$ must have degree at least 9.

Suppose that $P$ is a set of 8 of the $\overline{L_i}$ whose product vanishes on all 30 of the lines in ${\ensuremath{\mathcal{A}}}.$ The elements of $P$ correspond to 8 facets of the dodecahedron in such a way that each edge is “covered” by one of the chosen facets.

They key is to think about which facets are not in $P.$strategy for producing an equidimensional arrangement of linear subspaces whose defining ideal is generated by products of linear forms: Given a radical ideal generated by products of linear forms, substitute elements in a regular sequence for variables in the generators. If the new elements factor as products of linear forms, via Corollary \[cor: flatness\] (3), one need only check that the images of the associated primes of the original ideal are still radical under this substitution.

[10]{} Anders Björner, *Subspace arrangements*, First European Congress of Mathematics, Vol. I (Paris, 1992), Progr. Math., vol. 119, Birkhäuser, Basel, 1994, pp. 321-370.

Anders Björner, Irena Peeva, and Jessica Sidman, *Subspace arrangements defined by products of linear forms*, in preparation.

Winfried Bruns and Jürgen Herzog, *Cohen-Macaulay Rings*, Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics, no. 39, Cambridge


Verizon Employees Suck at Math

March 19, 2009

If you've got the time, and/or the patience, listening to this audio clip of George Vaccaro try to deal with a series of Verizon representatives who claim that 0.002 = 0.00002 should be enough to strike fear into your heart regarding the future of mathematical literacy in this country. Then again, he's talking about problems he had while in Canada, so maybe the reps are Canadian. We'd never make such an obvious mistake here in the States, right? Right…

On a related note, I would encourage all of you to start writing the dollar amounts on your checks as more complicated mathematical expressions. Everyone could use a boost to their mathematical literacy, bankers included.

The audio clip is quite long, and the longer it257 F.3d 959 (9th Cir. 2001)
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE,v.JOSE ABONCE-BARRERA, DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.
No. 99-10282
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
Argued and Submitted November 13, 2000July 20, 2001

[Copyrighted Material Omitted]
Laurie Kloster Gray, Esq., United States Attorney's Office, San Francisco, California, for the plaintiff-appellee.
Daniel G. Herns, Esq., Law Offices of Daniel G. Herns, San Jose, California, for the defendant-appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of California Ronald M. Whyte, District Judge, Presiding D.C. No. CR-98-20025-RMW
Before: J. Clifford Wallace, Raymond C. Fisher, and Johnnie B. Rawlinson, Circuit Judges.
Wallace, Circuit Judge:

1
Jose Abonce-Barrera appeals from his convictions for conspiracy to distribute methamphetamine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 846; distribution of methamphetamine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1); and possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine, in


violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1). The district court had jurisdiction under 18 U.S.C. §§ 3231. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1291. We affirm.

I.

2
In January 1998, a Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) informant contacted Martin Tapia, a known drug trafficker, to arrange for the purchase of thirty pounds of methamphetamine. Later, Tapia introduced the informant to Jose Padilla, who was to deliver the methamphetamine. DEA agents requested that the informant arrange for Padilla to provide a sample. The informant, undercover DEA agent Florentino Rosales, and Padilla met at a restaurant in San Jose, California (the first meeting). The DEA agent was wearing a body recording device, and the conversation took place in Spanish. At this meeting, Padilla explained that he did not have the sample withto take such exhibits into the jury room. United States v. Rrapi, 175 F.3d 742, 746 (9th Cir. 1999); United States v. Fuentes-Montijo, 68 F.3d 352, 354 (9th Cir. 1995). Abonce-Barrera has made no effort on appeal to allege specific inaccuracies in the transcriptions and their translation. Because we are left "with largely conclusory allegations of possible inaccuracy," abuse of discretion is the proper standard. United States v. Pena-Espinoza, 47 F.3d 356, 359 (9th Cir. 1995). We also review the district court's decision to allow the use of transcripts as an aid in listening to tape recordings for abuse of discretion. Rrapi, 175 F.3d at 746." `A recorded conversation is generally admissible unless the unintelligible portions are so substantial that the recording as a whole is untrustworthy.' "


government's transcripts and translations. At trial, Abonce-Barrera was given the opportunity, within the confines of the stipulation, to cross-examine the government's witness regarding the translations. The jurors were allowed to listen to the tapes to detect any problems with audibility and to compare the tapes to the transcriptions. Abonce-Barrera presented his own expert to testify about the transcription process employed by the government. Abonce-Barrera's argument that he had insufficient time to review the government's transcriptions and translations is further belied by the fact that Abonce-Barrera's counsel did bring to the government's attention several objections to the translations. All but two of the objections were incorporated by the government, and these two objections were brought to the attention of the jury at trial.

12
In light of the steps taken bydistrict court. The Magistrates Act thus treats them differently. Further, the Magistrates Act's specification that nondispositive matters are to be reviewed by the district court under a far more deferential standard--"clearly erroneous" and "contrary to law"--than dispositive matters indicates that decisions by the magistrate judge on nondispositive matters are essentially "final decisions of the district court which may be appealed in due course with other issues." United States v. Brown, 79 F.3d 1499, 1504 (7th Cir. 1996) (stating but then rejecting this proposition without further discussion); see also Arn, 474 U.S. at 151 n.10 (indicating that Congress "clearly intended [a magistrate judge's ruling on a nondispositive motion] to be final unless a judge of the court exercises his ultimate authority to reconsider the magistrate's determination." (internal quotations omitted)).

31
Finally,


to the merits of the magistrate judge's discovery orders.

2.

33
We review alleged Brady violations de novo. United States v. Manning, 56 F.3d 1188, 1197-98 (9th Cir. 1995). We review the pre-trial decision to withhold the identity of the informant for an abuse of discretion. United States v. Spires, 3 F.3d 1234, 1238 (9th Cir. 1993).

34
We are satisfied that the magistrate judge did not abuse his discretion in withholding the identity of the informant before trial. The magistrate judge balanced the extent to which pre-trial disclosure would be helpful to the defendant and the government's interest in protecting the informant. See id. In addition, the magistrate judge assured himself that the government would fulfill its promise to provide the defense with a pre-trial interview with the informant and that thebehalf of the government" was not material based only on "a hunch" that the informant may have tampered with evidence in other cases. Id. at 437-38. Similarly, Abonce-Barrera has offered nothing to support his proposed fishing expedition beyond stating that it might have been useful. See also United States v. Cutler, 806 F.2d 933, 935 (9th Cir. 1986) (holding that additional detailed information about a previous unrelated investigation involving an informant could be withheld after balancing the government's interest in insuring the informant's safety).

36
Abonce-Barrera's insistence that he should have been provided with both the affidavit regarding the informant prepared by Agent Rosales and the debriefing report on the informant is also ill-founded. Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 16(a)(2) provides that, apart from certain exceptions not applicable here, "discovery


it also has other shape variations like square, rectangle, cylinder or even circle.

The necklace chains can carry a single dog tag plate but men are also given the freedom to adjoin another one with the same size or a bigger or smaller sized plate. They can even choose to let the extra plate have a small chain hanging on the main necklace chain itself.

Another improvement is the color choices. Back then, the military dog tags were made of aluminum, stainless steel, gold or copper. Now, they can have even more choices like black tungsten. Several dog tags even have prints on them like tribal drawings or skulls. Occasionally, jewelry stores will present to you the prime ones that they offer to their customers but rest assured that theyin this country calls it a ‘Holiday Tree’ …and won’t call it a ‘Christmas Tree.’” He said that he thinks it’s not a “mainstream media” story because those (liberal) mainstream-media journalists are not religious.

But O’Reilly had a different, more self-important point of view. “I think they’re afraid of the issue.”

Before getting to Christmas, they sneered at Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s comments about Fox News and conservative media. They ignored his remarks about Fox and conservative media “dividing the country in a way that we haven’t been divided probably since the Civil War” and instead accused him of not understanding the “overwhelmingly liberal media culture” that we live in.

But later, at about 4:15, they moved on to the War on Christmas.

O’Reilly commented, “We are pretty much the only ones


man who had served more than ten years for his part in a murder committed while he was a teenager.

Now he was a grown man with skills developed in prison that made it possible for him to get a job on the outside. Settled happily into civilian life, he did two things.

First, he got married. Then he bumped into an old prison buddy whose expertise was bank robbery. He tried his hand at robbing a bank with his buddy. They got caught. Now he's back behind bars.

But this was the first time I went inside a prison to actually watch an inmate plead his case before a parole board.

For 19 years at Florence, Eric Mageary has been without a name. His number has been 332017.

Briefly, his name surfacedshe has a right to be heard. I'm not denying that.

"But I would tell her that I'm a changed man and she has nothing to fear from me. I can't take back what I done to her. I thought often about how I ruined her life. But I hope and pray that someday she will forgive me."
Board member Riddell, sitting in the middle of the three-person panel, took over.

"National attention has been drawn to this hearing," she said.
"There's a scared community outside because of all the publicity. Some people believe you should stay in prison for the rest of your life. What do you say to them?"
Mageary shook his head.
"I know there's a lot of people who haven't given me a chance," he said. "I would say to


the front control panel. When the rear manual button is not actuated, the rear HVAC system is controlled via input from the front control panel. However, when the rear manual button is actuated, the rear HVAC system is controlled via input from the rear control panel.
Further, with the conventional HVAC control system, the rear manual button on the front control panel is automatically de-actuated every time the vehicle is turned off. Accordingly, for the rear HVAC system to be controlled via input from the rear control panel, the rear manual button must be actuated by the front occupant every time the vehicle is started. This standard resetting procedure ensures that subsequent to restarting of the vehicle, occupants of the front cabin only intentionally relinquish control of the rearbe honored at a special dinner during the trip in order to gain approval to use taxpayer dollars to pay for Shulkin’s wife’s travel.

In response, Shulkin claimed, first in an interview with Politico and then again to reporters after a committee hearing, that the email account of the aide, Vivieca Wright Simpson, had been hacked.

“These allegations from the VA secretary that the third senior-most official at VA may have been the target of criminals committing fraud and computer intrusion with the intention of harming her reputation, and that these criminal activities took place on VA computers and networks are very serious,” Rep. Tim Walz Tim WalzGOP Senate candidate says Trump, Republicans will surprise in Minnesota Presidential race tightens in Minnesota as Trump plows resources into state National Guard


email was among those that were sent in her name, Shulkin said he’s “not a forensics expert.”

“That’s one of things we’re looking at,” he said. “But we have found that there are people sending emails from her account that aren’t her. That’s concerning to us.”

In his letter, Walz cited the Justice Department’s decision not to prosecute Wright Simpson after the inspector general referred the matter of the doctored email to department. He also cited Shulkin’s claim that Wright Simpson provided the secretary with evidence backing up her denial that she sent the altered email.

“Allegedly evidence exists of a ‘spoof’ account mimicking Ms. Simpson’s official email account,” Walz wrote. “Emails from this ‘spoof’ account were allegedly sent to personnel within the agency.”

Walz’s letter follows his statement at the Thursdaythat, on July 10, 2011, he and the [Petitioner] were in Rice Park
watching the basketball game. When they heard gunshots, he and the
[Petitioner] jumped in their white Pontiac G6 and left because he believed
they were in danger. However, McNeal did not know of any reason why
they were being shot at. They then drove to Covington. McNeal denied
having “dumped” the car; rather, he explained that he dropped the car off
for his pregnant girlfriend, Ashley Foxworth, to come pick it up because it
was her car and he wanted her to have a car if she went into labor.

        Ashley Foxworth, the mother of McNeal’s child, said she owned a
white Pontiac G6, which she loaned to McNeal on July 10, 2011. He told
her that


                         -5-
before he seized them as evidence. Investigator Ruff testified that he turned over the
shell casings and an evidence log of all of the other physical evidence collected in this
case to the District Attorney General’s Office. Investigator Ruff also testified that he
never met with trial counsel about this case. Investigator Ruff explained that he would
typically refer defense attorneys to the Assistant District Attorney General handling the
case rather than speaking to a defense attorney directly. Investigator Ruff did not know
what the Assistant District Attorney General disclosed to trial counsel about this case.

       A few weeks before trial, the Districtdid not show Ms. Jones a
photograph of the Petitioner until after she had given her statement and had identified the
Petitioner as the shooter.

       Trial counsel testified that he represented the Petitioner in this case and the Tipton
County case. Trial counsel issued a subpoena asking for Investigator Ruff’s case file and
any supporting evidence which would have included Investigator’s Ruff’s evidence log.
Trial counsel reviewed the discovery items he received from the State with the Petitioner
prior to trial. However, trial counsel testified that he never received a copy of
Investigator Ruff’s evidence log and that he was unaware that shell casings were found in
the Pontiac until the trial when the State provided him with a copy of the TBI forensic
analysis request. Trial counsel reviewed the TBI


   -7-
a motion to suppress her identification on the grounds that she was shown a picture of
only the Petitioner because Ms. Jones “had already given a statement clearly identifying”
the Petitioner before she was shown the photograph.

        Appellate counsel testified that he was appointed to represent the Petitioner after
trial counsel filed the motion for new trial. Appellate counsel filed an amended motion
for new trial that incorporated the arguments from the original motion. Appellate counsel
testified that he raised the issue of the State’s failure to turn over documents regarding the
investigation, but he admitted that he did not provide any argument regarding how the
failure to disclose those documents prejudiced the Petitioner because, having not been the
trial counsel in this case, he wasexistence. Post-conviction relief is available when a “conviction or
sentence is void or voidable because of the abridgment of any right guaranteed by the
Constitution of Tennessee or the Constitution of the United States.” Tenn. Code Ann. §
40-30-103. In order to ensure a defendant’s constitutional right to a fair trial, the State
must provide the defendant with exculpatory evidence that is either material to guilt or
relevant to punishment. State v. Ferguson, 2 S.W.3d 912, 915 (Tenn. 1999) (citing Brady
v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83, 87 (1963)). This also includes evidence which could be used
to impeach the State’s witnesses. Johnson v. State, 38 S.W.3d 52, 56 (Tenn. 2001).

       The shell casings found in the Pontiac G6, as the subsequent forensic testing by
the TBI revealed, were not exculpatory


in nature because they were fired from the same
gun as the shell casings found in Rice Park. Therefore, the State’s failure to disclose the
shell casings did not rise to the level of a constitutional violation. Mere discovery
violations, as opposed to the withholding of exculpatory evidence, “cannot be used as a
basis for granting post-conviction relief.” Wayne E. Mitchell v. State, No. 01C01-9507-
CR-00227, 1996 WL 234053, at *2 (Tenn. Crim. App. May 9, 1996). Accordingly, we
conclude that the post-conviction court did not err in denying relief on this issue.

      B. Effectiveness of Trial and Appellate Counsel Regarding the Shell Casings

                         Petitioner’s rejection
of the State’s plea offer, the Petitioner testified that he wanted to plead guilty in this case
but go to trial on the Tipton County case. However, the State would only accept a plea
agreement that disposed of both cases. Again, the Petitioner never wavered from his
claim that he was not the shooter and reiterated it at the post-conviction hearing.
Furthermore, the Petitioner did not ask trial counsel to attempt to reopen plea negotiations
when he learned about the shell casings during the trial. Accordingly, we conclude that
the Petitioner’s claim that he would have accepted the State’s plea offer if he had known
about the shell casings prior to trial was not supported by the evidence.

       With respect to appellate counsel, he testified at the post-conviction


Petitioner contends that appellate counsel was ineffective for failing to
challenge the prosecutor’s statement during closing arguments that there had “certainly
been no self-defense argument raised” during trial that the Petitioner shot at the victims
because they had shot at him. The Petitioner argues that this was an impermissible
comment on his decision not to testify at trial. See State v. Jackson, 444 S.W.3d 554
(Tenn. 2014). However, the context of the prosecutor’s argument does not support the
Petitioner’s claim.

       The prosecutor made his comment in a rambling paragraph discussing the victims’
reluctance to testify. The prosecutor suggested that the victims might have been involved
in the shooting immediately before stating that there had “been no self-defense argument
raised.” Furthermore, appellate counsel raised several other instances of what he
4
  Intransition; the percentage of preceptored shifts was statistically insignificant. New graduate transition is enhanced with participation in a formal transition programme. Orientation should be at least four weeks in length, and new graduates should work at least 49 hours in a two week period. Nurse managers are in key positions to advocate for new graduate nurse transition programmes with adequate resources to support a four week orientation phase and shift scheduling to ensure an adequate number of hours over two week periods to facilitate transition.


printing by the inkjet recording apparatus has advantages in that the pattern is not necessary unlike the printing by the conventional screen printing method, that it is possible to perform more micro printing than the screen printing method, that the apparatus is inexpensive, and so on.
An inkjet head for use in the inkjet recording apparatus includes one of a thermal mode of foaming the ink by providing a heater for ink passages, followed by jetting, and one of a piezoelectric mode of pressurizing the ink by piezoelectric elements provided in the ink passages. The ink for use in the thermal mode is limited to aqueous ink since organic solvent ink and oil-base ink do not foam. As opposed to this, the piezoelectric mode can jet any of thecrosslink structure is prone to swell by absorbing the solvent. Although the amine activator and the hydroxyl group which remain in the three-dimensional structure should be reacted with the epoxy group remaining therein, the crosslink structure has already been formed at this point of time, and a glass transition point thereof is high, and accordingly, these groups cannot be brought into contact with one another to make the reaction unless heating is performed up to a glass transition temperature or more. Therefore, heating up to 150 to 200° C. or more is required, thereby deteriorating the polarization of the piezoelectric elements.
In the case of using the imidazoles as the activator, an adhesive agent having large resistance can be obtained. However, heating up to approximately 150° C. is required


since the primary amine has high activity, the primary amine causes a rash and an itch upon touching the human skin; however, the imidazoles do not cause the rash and the itch.
Typically, the structure of the cured object cured by the primary amine contains the hydroxyl group and amino bonding, and meanwhile, when the curing is performed by the imidazoles, only ether bonding is contained. Carbon-carbon bonding constituting a benzene ring and a methyl group has the highest chemical resistance, and the ether bonding follows the above. The ether bonding has characteristics that it is difficult to be swelled and dissolved by the organic solvent.
As described above, in the case of using the imidazoles as the activator, an adhesive agent layer excellent in solvent resistance is formed. However,Prosieben de red Videos

Magicstripes by Natalie Franz #CZ.

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ProSieben (German pronunciation: pozibn, sieben is German for seven) is a German free-to-air television network. It was launched on It is Germany s second-largest privately owned television company. Although ProSieben produces some of its programming itself, it also airs many American imports. Solltest Du Fragen, Kritik oder Anregungen haben, wende Dich bitte direkt an uns!
Saban stuck to the intention to sell the channel. The founding partners were Gerhard Ackermans (51) and Thomas Kirch (49). In 1996, ProSieben was granted a nationwide broadcast online casino free starburdt license and launched its Internet site.


vorinostat dose escalation of 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg given in two divided daily doses. Fixed doses of doxorubicin 20 mg m^−2^ (Adriamycin, Pfizer, New York, NY, USA) were infused on day 3, 4 h after the last vorinostat dose. Treatment was given weekly 3 out of 4 weeks; a cycle consisted of 4 weeks. A maximum of six cycles (24 weeks) of doxorubicin was allowed. In patients with demonstrated benefit, doxorubicin was then stopped and patients were treated with vorinostat only. The dose escalation followed a conventional dose escalation scheme. In the absence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), cohorts were limited to three evaluable patients.

Patients
--------

Eligible patients (age ⩾18 years) had to have histologically confirmed advanced solid tumour malignancies with an ECOG performance status of 0--2 and adequate organ function (haemoglobin \>9.0 gconsidered dose limiting. Patients in the dose escalation cohorts who did not complete the first cycle and were not evaluable for toxicity had to be replaced. Toxicities were captured in all patients who received at least one dose of vorinostat; however, patients receiving less than one full cycle of treatment and who were not evaluable for DLTs were replaced.

Patients were considered evaluable for response if they had at least two cycles of treatment or were taken off study early for progression. Tumour response was graded by the response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (RECIST) ([Therasse *et al*, 2000](#bib31){ref-type="other"}). The correlation between variables was tested for statistical significance using Spearman\'s correlation coefficients with two-sided *P*-values at a 0.05 significance level (SAS version 9.1, SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA).


Spearman\'s correlation coefficient methods were used to estimate correlations between two variables and to perform the test of significance of the estimated correlation.

Pharmacokinetic studies
-----------------------

Limited assessment of vorinostat plasma levels was obtained with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at time of tumour biopsies immediately before doxorubicin infusion (time 0) and 2 and 48 h after doxorubicin infusion. A total of 5 ml whole blood from a peripheral vein were collected in a Red Top Vacutainer tube and refrigerated at 4°C. The clotted samples were centrifuged at 2000 **g** for 15 min at 4°C and stored at −70°C. All pharmacokinetic samples were analysed by Dr M Egorin (University of Pittsburgh) by HPLC methods as previously described ([Parise *et al*, 2006](#bib26){ref-type="other"}).

Correlative studies
-------------------

The PBMCs were isolated with Ficoll centrifugation (Ficoll-Paque, GE HealthCare, Uppsala, Sweden) and adhered toin individual patients. On the basis of reports of prolongations in QTc intervals seen in studies with this and other HDAC inhibitors, patients were screened for long QTc intervals and all patients had an ECG on days 1 and 3 in cycle 1. Further ECGs were obtained only on day 1 of each cycle, but not on day 3 unless the QTc interval on day 1 was \>450 ms. One patient treated in the 1000 mg vorinostat cohort and two patients in the 800 mg cohort experienced a grade 2 QTc prolongation on day 3. A grade 2 QTc (475 ms) was observed in a fourth patient on day 1 of cycle 2, which persisted through day 3 (481 ms). No intervention other than electrolyte replenishment was needed in these patients.

Response
--------

Patients experiencing clinical


recruitment of topo II*β* ([Marchion *et al*, 2004](#bib16){ref-type="other"}, [2005a](#bib17){ref-type="other"}, [2005b](#bib18){ref-type="other"}, [2005c](#bib19){ref-type="other"}).

The HDAC inhibitor used in this study is a hydroxamic-type HDAC inhibitor with broader effects on HDAC enzymes, including Class IIB and higher potency than VPA. The approved dose of vorinostat (as a single agent) is 400 mg day^−1^, which is used in most studies ([Kelly *et al*, 2005](#bib11){ref-type="other"}). Higher doses have been explored, but the cumulative toxicities, which include thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and fatigue, limit higher doses when given daily for prolonged periods. In this study, we used vorinostat to increase the efficacy of topo II inhibitors. Hence, the tolerability of higher drug exposure, but at a shorter interval, was explored. A weekly doxorubicin dosing was employed with the intent to maximise exposure to vorinostat. We show that, when givena representative of chromatin remodelling proteins (HP-1) and topo II*α*. We found that HP-1 levels, which were assessed by immunofluorescence, were decreased in 8 out of 12 and topo II*α* levels in 10 out of 12 patients treated at the maximum tolerated dose, whereas histone H4 acetylation was increased in 8 out of 12 patients, mirroring preclinical *in vitro* and *in vivo* data.

There has been much emphasis on the distinction of selective *vs* non-selective drugs and whether selectiveness will infer efficacy. We have shown that, for chromatin remodelling, inhibition of HDAC2 is crucial ([Marchion *et al*, 2009](#bib20){ref-type="other"}). In addition to these findings *in vitro*, we show in this study that pre-treatment expression of HDAC2 can predict histone hyperactelyation. These findings suggest that HDAC2 may be useful both as


   with Not_found ->
        mty
      end
  | _ -> mty

let freshen mty =
  Subst.modtype Subst.identity mty

let rec strengthen ~aliasable env mty p =
  match scrape env mty with
    Mty_signature sg ->
      Mty_signature(strengthen_sig ~aliasable env sg p 0)
  | Mty_functor(param, arg, res)
    when !Clflags.applicative_functors && Ident.name param <> "*" ->
      Mty_functor(param, arg,
        strengthen ~aliasable:false env res (Papply(p, Pident param)))
  | mty ->
      mty

and strengthen_sig ~aliasable env sg p pos =
  match sg with
    [] -> []
  |Sig_module(id, {md with md_type=nondep_mty env va md.md_type}, rs)
          :: rem'
      | Sig_modtype(id, d) ->
          begin try
            Sig_modtype(id, nondep_modtype_decl env d) :: rem'
          with Not_found ->
            match va with
              Co -> Sig_modtype(id, {mtd_type=None; mtd_loc=Location.none;


Pdot (p, _, _)
  | Papply (p, _) -> PathSet.add p (get_prefixes p)

let rec get_arg_paths = function
    Pident _ -> PathSet.empty
  | Pdot (p, _, _) -> get_arg_paths p
  | Papply (p1, p2) ->
      PathSet.add p2
        (PathSet.union (get_prefixes p2)
           (PathSet.union (get_arg_paths p1) (get_arg_paths p2)))

let rec rollback_path subst p =
  try Pident (PathMap.find p subst)
  with Not_found ->
    match p with
      Pident _ | Papply _ -> p
    | Pdot (p1, s, n) ->
        let p1' = rollback_path subst p1 in
have an honest conversation with yourself about how much blood, sweat, tears and money you are willing to put in.

Truthfully, there are a lot of arguments for renovation over building new. For example, construction waste accounts for nearly 1/4 of our nation’s municipal solid waste each year (1). And the energy consumed in producing, transporting, installing, maintaining and disposing of construction materials represents between 10-25% of the total lifetime energy consumption of a typical building (2). So restoration and redevelopment produce less waste and consume less energy than demolition and new construction.

Buildings also play a huge part in a nation’s culture. “Architecture is a direct and substantial representation of history and place” and “the visual and tangible conservation of cultural identity,” according to the Washington Trust for Historic


Preservation. And because “buildings change with us, thus recording a piece of each generation’s story,” it’s becoming more crucial than ever that we preserve existing over demolishing and building new.

But one of the greatest reasons to renovate, in terms of a company’s bottom line, is that it can save you a lot of money in upfront costs. Especially if you are smart about the existing building you pick as it relates to your desired new use. So today we’re taking a look at a highlights reel of recent renovations to outline what is possible when you start with someone else’s canvas.

THE BRIDGE HUB :: $82/ SF renovation

Originally built in the 1920’s, this brick building was once home to the community’s YWCA before sitting vacant and lifeless for manyemails. I’m sure Steve M.’s emails were amongst the nastiest. You know what they say about pride and falls. My prediction: A bias around 1/3 of the total calculated warming will be revealed, but a warming trend will still be present as is consistent with more concrete observations such as glaciers, with more warming in the northern hemisphere.

44, alternatively, you can get a Linux bootable CD, like Knoppix or Ubuntu. They even have versions now that can boot from a thumb drive, and keep all the files on the thumb, so you can work in a 100% unix environment without messing up your windows installation in any way.

This must be a most satisfying success for Steve M. In my next post to the GISS threads I was going


in very basic outline form what the IPCC reports do and don’t say, and how the basic physics is supposed to work? Over on unthreaded #19, it’s pretty clear that that’s not universally understood. Even if it’s just a link to another site, I think there’s some value in getting everyone on the same page, so we don’t have all of this “greenhouse violates the second law” or “0.3% can’t do anything” kind of talk, which frankly, is embarrassing.

However, a cautionary note….. From an information management / software configuration management perspective, having the code by itself, or having the data sets by themselves, is not enough.

You have to know which code was used against which datasets, which means you have to institute an information configuration management program asresults should not depend upon the OS or the language. And the data used should be an exact copy of the original readings from sensors around the world. In practice this may be a brutal trek with no map.

I don’t understand the complaint that NASA and Hansen’s people haven’t had time.

This was a team effort, and congratulations to all, especially Steve McIntyre. I agree with Mosher, post thanks on RC.

Perhaps we can now fully understand why some stations that are in “pristine” condition, such as Walhalla, SC, with no obvious microsite biases, get “adjusted” by Hansen’s techniques. Shouldn’t good data stand on it’s own? Perhaps Walhalla would be a good first case study.

I downloaded the raw and adjusted text versions of the GISS data for Walhalla, and did


the cash, just the hardware and software to keep CA and surfacestations.org running

These are a combination of subroutines written over the past few decades by Sergej Lebedeff, Jay Glascoe, and Reto.

Anyone else catch this? A more competent manager would have owned the responsibility for the code no matter who wrote it. He could have accomplished the same thing without appearing to be a weasel by crafting a sentence that gave contact names for questions about the code.

If his people feel like they are being thrown under the bus they will begin to undermine the “royalty” and his house of cards will not survive long. The saga of Dr. Hansen may be very interesting to watch from the cheap seats soon.

They have just started to practice version Control. Understand,lets wait to hear from him before anyone fires up any Wikis with the ClimateAudit name attached.

Absolutely. And no ads, no pop-ups, no ‘sponsored by…’ no ‘viisit our other wikis,,,’ etc etc. It will be WELL WORTH a small monthly outlay to do it properly. If any professional graphic design it needed, let me know – it’s the least I can contribute (and probably the only thing) to this very vital project. Congrats to all.

YA, I basically wanted to see how the junk worked. I’m not too happy with all the crap
you pointed out. But It was dead easy to start.

Principles.

1. The Wikis should flow from the blog. By that I mean the wikis should be for long term projects
and dedicated folks..
2. The wikis should enhance the blog


climate change. You have technology skills. When there are a dozen different avenues of evidence, and one incredibly simple theory to explain all that evidence, why are you spending all this precious time and human capital trying to falsify one aspect of the evidence. As I said in my initial posting, I’m stunned at everyone’s attitude. It seems like such an emotional crusade. Indeed, as you say, we are way beyond science.

I sincerely wish good luck to everyone in their Fortran coding. It’s my favorite language!

Well at the low end, about $80 per month for the colo fee, if the site generates a lot of traffic, we could see extra bandwidth fees to make the total around $120-150 per month, but I wouldn’t expect that to happen rightfor prospectuses.

If the verification fails, then it is falsified, but that’s not the point. The point is that science is all about scrutiny so that we can be sure that a theory is as solid is it gets. Why object to checking that it’s implemented correctly? There’s no valid reason. If it’s all correct, then the audit will simply verify that, and who could object to such a thing?

Dr. Hansen has done little to merit kudos with respect to the release of this code. I also am a scientist in the employ of the U.S. federal government and I state unequivocally that his behavior regarding the stonewalling and eventual release of this code is shameful. It is not science, it is not befitting of the director of a


server, as I expect downtime will be minimal with the current server farm anyway … especially as you are looking after it!

Re #153. I suspect that you are right about Hansen’s behavior being contrary to federal law and policy in not releasing the code. I am a lawyer that used to counsel in-house at a major research university and in particular, the Office of Research and Project Administration. The NIH grants that our researchers received usually required data archiving and open access to data as conditions of the grant (among other conditons) and researchers had to certify to the NIH that they were complying with the grant conditions usually on renewal or on an annual basis for multi-year grants. I and my colleagues counseled the researchers (browbeat themto a detailed exposition of how doubled CO2 results in 2.5 deg C – in which all arguments and assumptions are pulled together. No one has been able to provide one. I do not suggest that such an exposition is impossible, but the seeming absence of such an exposition really frustrates the debate. Prior to the framing of AR4, I suggested that such an exposition be included but IPCC apparently decided that it was irrelevant.

Steve

I am not critical but I have been doing some research in this area and have found the fundamental equations related to how increased concentrations of CO2 are measured and how the increase influences the emission and absorption of radiation at infrared wavelengths. What I have found is that the two mechanisms most often


cited as the drivers of warming (pressure or collision broadening, and doppler broadening) are temperature dependent (to the square root power). The reference for this is in the following book.

“The Quantum Theory of Light”, author Rodney Louden, Clarendon Press–Oxford, 1973. The discussion of doppler and pressure broadening begins on page 81. It is an interesting read and actually shows graphs of the frequency shift of the CO2 emission lines due to pressure broadening. However, pressure broadening is not dependent on the partial pressure increase in CO2, it is dependent on the total atmospheric pressure. If you really want to get into the deep details, the calculation would break out the pressure dependency of nitrogen, oxygen, and any other atmospheric gas that contributes to the total atmospheric pressure, whichit!” Also, “I don’t need no steenkin’ meniscus.”

Does the author have anything to say whether or not the measurements are for a static or dynmaic environment with respect to pressure changes in the measured volume due to the effects of convection, vorticity, wave compression, and compression gradients within the vortices?

The comments above make it look like no one has so far been successful in running all the scripts. My recommendation would be that someone who understands shell, F, and Python (at least superficially) will create a better version of the same package.

There are probably various potential problems with directory paths and obsolete versions of the compilers, configuration etc. Most of these problems can probably be fixed without changing the content of the code.

I think that every piece of


this blog including by myself. But that is very much understandable given what is at stake.

So what is at stake? IMO the reputation of science in the eyes of the general public and in particular respect for the application of the scientfic method! What Steve M has consistently shown to date on this blog is that within the climate science community there are a number of eco-theologically politically inspired so-called scientists who do not want the scientific method to be rigorously applied to the GHG hypothesis. They have made up their minds and trying to make up our minds for us as well. They are attempting (and arguably succeeding) to force life changes upon our society which are based on poor data, suspect statistical methods and appeals toauthority. A great deal of resources are currently being spent on climate change research as a consequence of the actions of these few. Valuable resources are as a direct consequence being diverted from dealing with real world issues such as poverty, famine and disease eradication.

This blog is about systematically examining the evidence that lies behind the claims of these eco-theologically inspired few that the current warming trend is unprecendented and is directly caused by man and his consumption of fossil fuels. There are few on this blog who question that the earth is warming, there are many who disagree about the cause. There are many who most definitely disagree with the statements of the “few” of catastrophic warming, of tipping points, of species extinctions etc. The vast majority


of the people who post on this blog are interested in the proper application of the scientific method. Once this has happened (thanks to people like Steve M, Anthony W etc) then we’ll make up our own minds about the validity of the GHG hyphothesis. Until then as the scientific method and the Popperian requirement for falsifiability dictates, we will remain skeptical.

My impression, however, is that the National Academy of Sciences has validated the Mann result. To quote: It can be said with a high level of confidence that global mean surface temperature was higher during the last few decades of the 20th century than during any comparable period during the preceding four centuries. This statement is justified by the consistency of the evidence from a wide varietyregional warming in Europe and Asia???

You reference Mann (hockey stick) being essentially correct, yet the IPCC has relegated the hockey stick to less than obscure status. What was the failing of the hockey stick by Mann? I’m not a scientist, I’m an engineer by training, what my training tells me is that averages are deceptive and as has been pointed out on this site, there are many approaches to determine the mean. If Europe and Asia are significantly warming more than the US, Africa and South America is cooling, what is the result on the Global Average temp?? Tell us, did Mann ever share the source codes????

What Hansen has done by sharing the codes is to avoid the nasty publicity that Mann encured by his refusal to turn


water ICE)

2. John V has been lobbying to do open climate code. He can take this code and follow that dream.
Let him run down the path he loves.

3. Other guys I expect are pouring over the code looking for little bugs or clues to algorithms.

So, there are a bunch of groups. Which path do you like? Hook up with like minded guys and get
crackin. Or watch and kibitz, thats ok too.

Actually, the theory behind eugenics was mostly OK: it’s the simple mendelean genetics rules. It’s the numbers that were wrong. If 10% of a population have 2 copies of a bad gene, it makes a lot of sense to sterilize them to get rid of the said gene, since you can get significant results within a few generations.shows that any other argument relied on by Hansen is incorrect. As Gavin Schmidt observed, the programming in this matter is relatively trivial. Nonetheless, no one who has examined Hansen’s code in this matter is likely to emerge with enhanced confidence in his ability to develop reliable computer programs for more complicated matters.

I’m not certain how GISS handles the gray grid boxes on the map. It seems reasonable to assume that, if there is insufficient data to make a conclusion about temperature trend in a grid box, then that gray grid box should be excluded from the global trend. I assume GISS excluded them.

My back-of-envelope estimate is that, when the gray boxes are excluded, the ocean coverage rises to 85% of the globe (in this 1930s vs today


to do is “python setup.py install” in the extension directories and you’re off and running.

I’m using my system’s python, which is not compiled with debug symbols, and this is making things somewhat harder. Check this out for a neat trick for Python extension debugging.

STEP1 now runs to completion for me and produces a 30MB text file called Ts.txt for me. On to STEP2.

For the record, there is still no mention of the release of the code at RC. Seems like CA is rapidly becoming the only game in town for those interested in verifying that the GCM have a basis in reality.

Mark, a quick question: are the temperatures represented as integers in the variable old_db (comb_records.py)?

#299: if you have int/int division, what is the exact convention for thethe author of the papers claiming a continent several times the size of the United States is without significant climatological impact and significance.

But what is the global significance of these regions of exceptionally poor data? As
shown by Figure 1, omission of South America and Africa has only a tiny effect on the global
temperature change. Indeed, the difference that omitting these areas makes is to increase the
global temperature change by (an entirely insignificant) 0.01C.

He is not saying that Africa and South America are insignificant. He is only saying that the difference in the global trend with and without those regions is insignificant.

Why is the difference insignificant?
It must be because the trend in Africa and South America is very similar to the trend everywhere else.

I read all the comments suggesting


matter because the low-quality data agrees with other low-quality data. Just because you can get agreement between summary statistics of junk data sets doesn’t mean that the data isn’t junk.

And several of the people involved in those corrections (Hansen , Schmidt etc.) are the same people whose corrections are showing up as questionable through Climate Audit.

In the interest of completeness, I have listed the names and institutions for the authors in each of the three papers. Typically authors are listed in relative order of their contribution. Out of 13 institutions and 30 authors, there are 4 authors from NASA/GISS. They all appear in Santer et al, starting at author #17 out of 25 for the paper. (They are highlighted in the lists below).

Other than obvious spam, Steve dislikesdeletions – it is one of the most irritating habts of advocacy sites like RealClimate that good questions for which they do not have good answers tend not to make it through moderation. Accordingly, Steve tries to avoid hitting the delete button.

However, he has to balance this against a need to maintain focus in threads. As ever on the internet, conversations tend to spin off in different directions. This can derail useful, on-topic conversations, and reduce the serious work that gets done here.

Your conversation (satellite/surface temperature discrepancies, wasn’t it ?) was not offensive, and was on-topic for the site – you will note that there is a category of posts for it in the top left sidebar. However, it was not connected to the Hansen code, and so


these programs are public domain and available for almost all platforms. Up-to-date versions are required to be able to set up and compile the model.

The code requires a FORTRAN 90/95 compiler. It has been tested with the SGI, IBM, and COMPAQ/DEC compilers on their respective workstations. For Linux, Macs or PCs, the choice of compiler is wider, and we have not been able to test all possibilities. The Absoft ProFortran compiler works well, as do the Lahey/Fujitsu and Portland Group compilers. We have been unable (as yet) to get the model to compile with the Intel or VAST compilers due to internal errors in those products. Please let us know if you succeed (or more importantly, fail) in compiling the code using any other compiler.

Note that the parallelizationORIGINAL POST, SEE UPDATES BELOW: We're looking into this, but we can confirm: There's something called the 'Greek Drachma (post Euro)' that's shown up on the Bloomberg terminal.

We've seen tons of tweets and screengrabs of the page.

There's nothing really behind the ticker. No quotes or anything. It's just there.

We're also not sure if it's actually new, or if it's just something that's shown up.

We'll let you know what we figure out.

UPDATE: According to the Bloomberg help desk, this is currently "an internal function which is set up to test."

The representative could not tell us when any data would go live or what it whether it was set to follow data ahead of a Greek exit from the euro.

UPDATE II: Thanks to @world_first for spotting that the Drachma has