     controller.setLocation(word->getLocation());
          execute(*code, vars);
        }

        wordPriority = code->priority;
      }

      default: break;
      }

      // Next lowest priority
      if (priority < wordPriority && wordPriority < lowestPriority)
        lowestPriority = wordPriority;
    }
  }
}

double GCodeInterpreter::lookupReference(address_t addr) {
  return controller.get(addr);
}

double GCodeInterpreter::lookupReference(const string &name) {
  return controller.get(canonical(name));
}

bool GCodeInterpreter::hasReference(const string &name) {
  return controller.has(canonical(name));
}
single surface crisped.

Step #5: Add Seasoning to Potatoes

Once the potatoes are nearly cooked, it's a good idea to start thinking about flavoring them. If simple and straightforward is your goal, then just a bit of salt and pepper will do. In this case, I'm adding a touch of cumin and paprika, flavors that go well with the chorizo, poblano peppers, and cilantro I'm adding to them. Adding the spices directly to the skillet with the potatoes as they fry gives them a chance to toast and develop flavor.

Step #6: Cook Potatoes, Meat, and Vegetables in Batches to Optimize

As with the chorizo, now is the time to remove those potatoes from the skillet (you can drop them into the same bowl as the chorizo to minimize cleanup) to make


practice, both on a personal level and in relationship to the community and the wider institutional context. The implications of this study for the empowerment ethos of health promotion and its feasibility within the current West European policy context are discussed.want to know?

It is important to note that these findings, if due to atherothrombotic acute coronary syndrome (ACS), are NOT due to occlusion of the left main, as is frequently stated in online postings and in literature. Instead, it is far more commonly due to severe obstruction with continued flow (an open artery). See this post:

There are many causes of diffuse ST depression, with reciprocal ST elevation in aVR. It is most commonly due to demand ischemia, not due to ACS! So it pays to do a few minutes of research prior to making any drastic management decisions.

First, there was an ECG from 3 months prior:

This shows sinus rhythm.

This information is critical, because it shows that the patient might respond to therapy to convert her to sinus rhythm.


in decreased oxygen supply (decreased cardiac output due to decreased stroke volume, leading to poor coronary perfusion pressure in a patient with fixed coronary stenosis) as well as increased oxygen demand from a rapid rate. This assessment is supported by the bedside ultrasound: she was in shock but had no pulmonary edema, and her LV chamber size was small with good function.

When a patient is in shock due to primary ACS without dysrhythmia, it is due to poor LV function (if not due to valvular disorder) and results in a more fully filled (even sometimes dilated) chamber and high filling pressures, and often with pulmonary edema.

When a patient is in shock due to atrial fibrillation with RVR and poor atrial contribution to ventricular filling, one may see aWe dug deeper – yes, Padre, into the firm clay, like the London tube railway. Safe for the miners. Big spaces for tons of ammonal. No tunnelling in Thucydides? All limestone rock – Attica, the Peloponnese?'

'Good for statues, Major.'

'And Parthenons, sir!'

'And city walls!'

No doubt we elevate the humanism and intellect of the old Greeks to a height that approaches fantasy, as also the zeal and spirituality of the old Hebrews. Yet we northerners must always be peering out from our mists and our mire toward the lands of blue sky and white stone. And is not Christianity, given revelation, a coming-together of the two great rivers of wisdom?

Next morning we were roused early and informed that a deserted blockhouse had been identified in trees well forward. All in


the range of the potential, i.e. $k \ll m_{\pi}$ for nuclear forces. This means that it will help to explain the power counting in pionless theories. However, the application to pionful theories will be limited to very peripheral waves.

First we begin by considering the matrix element of a central potential in the partial wave $l$, which is given by $$\begin{aligned}
\langle p', l | V | p, l \rangle =
\frac{4\pi}{M_N}\,\int r^2 dr j_l(p' r) M_N V(r) j_{l} (p r) \, ,
\nonumber \\ \label{eq:V-central}\end{aligned}$$ where $j_l(x)$ is the standard spherical Bessel function and $V$ the potential in coordinate space. In the Born approximation the size of this matrix element for $p = p'$ is proportional to the scattering amplitude. If we compare $$\begin{aligned}
V_l(p) = \langle p, l | V |\times
\left( \frac{Q}{\Lambda_{NN}} \right),
\label{eq:loop-size}\end{aligned}$$ where $V_l$ stands for the $l$-wave projection of the OPE potential and $Q$ is either the external momentum $k$ or the pion mass $m_{\pi}$. From this estimation, we can see that the decision of iterating OPE or not depends on the dimensionless ratio $Q / \Lambda_{NN}$.

At this point we have the choices $\Lambda_{NN} \sim Q$ (Weinberg) and $\Lambda_{NN} \sim M$ (Kaplan-Savage-Wise, or KSW). The first requires the iteration of OPE at LO and the second not. The numerical value of $\Lambda_{NN} \sim 300\,{\rm MeV}$ lies in between of what one could consider a soft and a hard scale. As a matter of fact, none of the previous counting conventions works for all partial waves: on one hand we have the $^3S_1$ and $^3P_0$ triplets


the reason lies in the fact that the OPE for $k \geq m_{\pi}$ is very similar to the Coulomb potential, which happens to be always perturbative except for low energies. In terms of the perturbative expansion this translates into the coefficients $c^{(l)}_{r,s}$ having a behavior with respect to $s$ that is extremely suppressed (e.g. $1/s!$).

For quantizing the power counting demotion, we compare the expansion parameter of perturbative OPE with the expansion parameter of nuclear EFT, $$\begin{aligned}
\frac{Q}{b_l \Lambda_{NN}} =
\frac{\Lambda_{NN}^*(l)}{\Lambda_{NN}} =
{\left( \frac{Q}{M} \right)}^{\nu_{\rm OPE}(l)} \, .\end{aligned}$$ Putting the pieces together the actual order of OPE in the $l$-wave singlet is ${\rm N^{\nu_{\rm OPE}(l)}LO}$, instead of ${\rm LO}$ as in Weinberg or ${\rm NLO}$ as in KSW countings. It is important to mention here that the existence of a peripheral demotionparameter of perturbative OPE is indeed set by $Q /(b_l \Lambda_{NN})$. The ratio of iterated versus non-iterated diagrams has been already used in the past as a tool for determining the convergence of the EFT series [@Fleming:1999ee], but calculations have been usually limited to just a few iterations of OPE. While this might not be a drawback in $S$-wave scattering, peripheral waves require the evaluation of higher orders of perturbation theory in order to be able to estimate the expansion parameter.

We will begin with the standard ratio of once iterated OPE versus tree level for the $l$-wave, which we define as $$\begin{aligned}
R_l(k) =
\frac{\langle k,l | V G_0 V | k,l \rangle}
{\langle k,l | V | k,l \rangle} \, ,\end{aligned}$$ where we define the matrix elements above as $$\begin{aligned}
\langle k,l


is a more natural indication of how well the perturbative expansion converges: the bigger $| 1/R_l^{[n]} |$ the more convergent. As a matter of fact, for $k = 0$ we have $$\begin{aligned}
\frac{1}{R_l^{[n]}} &\sim& \frac{\Lambda_{NN}}{\Lambda_{NN}^*(l)} \, ,\end{aligned}$$ which when evaluated yield the values of the second column of Table \[tab:counting\], i.e. $1/R_1^{[n]} \sim -6.40$, $1/R_2^{[n]} \sim 45.8$, $1/R_3^{[n]} \sim -27.9$ and so on. As can be seen in Fig. \[fig:ratios\], $1/R_l^{[n]}$ does converge to the predicted value at momenta below the pion mass ($k < m_{\pi}$), where we have extended the previous calculations to seventh order in perturbation theory to be able to appreciate the convergence pattern. For momenta of the order of the pion mass the expansion parameter is not so good as for $k < m_{\pi}$ butu_l)$. We can thus integrate the expression above to reach: $$\begin{aligned}
(v_l \, u_l' - v_l' \, u_l){\Big|}^R_{r_c} =
2\mu\,\int_{r_c}^R\,V(r)\,u_l(r; k)\,v_l(r; l)\,dr \, .\end{aligned}$$ Now we simply take $v_l =\hat{\jmath}_l(k r)$ and $u_l$ as in Eq. (\[eq:asymptotic\]). After removing the infrared and ultraviolet cut-offs ($R \to \infty$, $r_c \to 0$), we obtain $$\begin{aligned}
k\,\tan{\delta}_l = -2\mu\,\int_{0}^{\infty}\,V(r)\,u_k(r)\,v_k(r)\,dr ,\end{aligned}$$ that is, Eq. (\[eq:integral\]).

Peripheral Demotion and Resonances {#app:resonances}
==================================

In this appendix we discuss the different choices for the definition of $\Lambda_{NN}^*$ and which effect do they have on the peripheral demotion of the OPE potential. As we will see the effect of changing the threshold bound state condition by a different condition is going to be rather small. This is so because the choice of rescaling up to the point of having a bound state at threshold,


.

, , , ****, (), .

, , , ****, (), .

, ****, (), .

, (), .

, , (), .

, , , , ****, (), .

[^1]: Actually power counting takes into account the peripheral suppression in the particular case of the contact-range interactions, where the $l$-wave counterterms are less relevant than the $S$-wave ones by a factor of $Q^{2l}$ in naive dimensional analysis.

[^2]: We are using a variable step integration method for the set of coupled differential equations that define the perturbative expansion, Eqs. (\[eq:pert0\]) and (\[eq:pertn\]). Owing to the number of differential equations involved it is increasingly difficult to solve it for small cut-offs when i) we increase the perturbative order for which we integrate and ii) we increase the angular momentum, particularly at low momenta. The chosen cut-offCharacterization of two anti-human parathyrin antisera.
Two anti-human parathyrin antisera were raised in sheep. These were characterized by radioimmunoassay using two commercially available bovine parathyrin preparations and one synthetic human parathyrin fragment (sequence 42-55 (42-Tyr)) for radioiodination. In addition, four synthetic human parathyrin fragments (sequences 1-34, 32-43, 434-68, 53-84), one bovine parathyrin peptide (sequence 28-48) and a human parathyrin standard from a tissue culture containing the intact hormone were utilized in a competitive inhibition assay against the two radiolabelled bovine parathyrin preparations. On column chromatography, both tracers revealed a difference in molecular weight, which is believed to be related to the extraction technique. The sequence fragment 44-68 of human parathyrin had the highest affinity for the two antisera when using the smaller molecular weight tracer and there were no


temperature, in the dark. Thereafter, 2 mL of FACS lysing solution (Becton Dickinson Bioscience) was added for erythrocyte lysis, followed by 15 min incubation in the dark. Next, cells were washed twice with cold PBS (phosphate-buffered saline, Corning) and fixed with CellFix (BD Biosciences). For all stainings, appropriate fluorescence-minus-one (FMO) controls were used for setting compensation and to assure correct gating. Samples were analyzed with FACSCalibur flow cytometer (BD Biosciences). Obtained data were analyzed using FlowJo ver. 7.6.5 software (Tree Star) as previously described \[[@B19], [@B23]\].

2.3. Cytokine Assay {#sec2.3}
-------------------

SDF-1, angiopoietin-,1 and angiopoietin-2 plasma levels were quantified by means of commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA, DuoSet, R&D) in 96-well plates. Samples were directly assayed according to manufacturer\'s instructions. Protein levels in the specimens were calculated from a reference curve generatedVSELs was reflected by changes in the expression of certain genes that regulate hematopoietic processes, including PU-1, c-myb, LMO2, and Ikaros. In a consequence, VSELs differentiated into CD45+ hematopoietic cells. However, normal bone marrow-delivered VSELs express numerous markers characteristic for pluripotent cells, including SSEA-1, Rexo-1, Rif-1, Nanog, and Oct-4, and can be differentiated *in vitro* into cells of all three germ layers, namely, ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm \[[@B9], [@B29]\]. Importantly, VSELs are mobilized from the bone marrow into the circulation in response to tissue injury, including myocardial infraction and ischemia \[[@B30], [@B31]\]. Therefore, they are believed to support regeneration process in many degenerative conditions. Similarly to our results, in experimental mouse model, the administration of exogenous G-CSF resulted in increased mobilization and release of VSELs from the bone


Looking to keep track of all the various projects in development? Click here to visit our signature "Devwatch" section. There visitors can view our listings by network, genre, studio and even development stage (ordered to pilot, cast-contingent, script, etc.). It's updated every day!

BLACK FRIDAY (ABC, New!) - Screenwriter Ken Nolan ("Black Hawk Down") has booked a conspiracy drama at the Alphabet about "a guy who unexpectedly finds himself in the center of a perilous event where he is responsible for the safety of others." ABC Studios is behind the hour with Sheldon Turner and Jennifer Klein of Vendetta Productions executive producing alongside Nolan. (Deadline.com)TERMINALES (ABC Family) - Abhi Sinha ("The Social Network") has boarded the drama pilot, about April (Italia Ricci), "a 23-year-old girl diagnosed with a terminalInfluencer marketing will continue to evolve as user-generated ...

"As new players enter the streaming market and established names invest in unique consumer experiences, digital video platforms are staking their claim in a crowded media landscape. The domination of a few key players and increasing consumer interest have bolstered revenue, but made it difficult ...

"Television is an essential element of nearly all US homes. The pay TV industry is going through a period of rapid change, with traditional cable and satellite companies now competing for market share against a host of new streaming contenders. During this transformation, corporations and ...

"In a 2002 interview with The New York Times, legendary musician David Bowie predicted, “the absolute transformation of everything that we ever thought about music will take place within 10


Hair restoration surgeons of Theni Skin Clinic have pioneered the lateral slit technique, recognized as the single most important surgical breakthrough in hair transplant surgery since the follicular unit. Lateral slit technique provides natural results, mimicking nature, and minimizing scarring. This revolutionary surgical method for recipient site creation is now used by leading hair transplant clinics around the world.

Results of Natural Hair Transplant

The lateral slit technique is the only surgical method that is able to duplicate the alignment and distribution of hair as it occurs in nature, maximizing coverage, and eliminating the pluggy results of older hair transplantation methods. The angle and direction of hair growth can be precisely controlled, allowing transplantation of areas previously regarded as too difficult or unsuitable for hair transplant surgery, i.e. the templewith 14% in anesthesia. Several evidence-based strategies have been proposed to improve the safety and outcome of TI in ICU. The All India Difficult Airway Association (AIDAA), therefore, developed guidelines provide a stepwise approach to TI in ICU with the goal of improving safety and outcomes in ICU patients. These guidelines neither represent the minimum standard of practice, nor are they a substitution for good clinical judgment. These guidelines should be used in conjunction with "The AIDAA 2016 Guidelines for the Management of the Unanticipated Difficult Intubation in Adults."\[[@ref8]\]

Methods {#sec2-1}
-------

The methodology adopted for the development of AIDAA guidelines, including anticipated difficult extubation guidelines has been described previously.\[[@ref8]\] A thorough literature search was done using databases/search engine (Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, and websites of National Societies for airway guidelines)


recommend calling for additional help when the final attempt at rescue mask ventilation fails and emergency cricothyroidotomy is planned. An additional person, who has not been part of the process until then, may be able to think more rationally and perform better in this situation, in addition to being an extra helping hand.

Preoxygenation and peri-intubation oxygenation in Intensive Care Unit {#sec2-4}
---------------------------------------------------------------------

Oxygen desaturation is the most common complication occurring during intubation in the ICU and is the most common reason for aborting intubation attempts. Therefore, proper preoxygenation is important to prolong the time to desaturation during intubation and increase the chance of the first attempt success at intubation.\[[@ref21]\]

Three minutes of preoxygenation using noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) delivered by an ICU ventilator using a face mask; mask is more15 L/min to prolong the duration of safe apnea after the administration of neuromuscular blockade has been advocated in the ED.\[[@ref28]\] However, a recent randomized trial did not show benefit of apneic oxygenation during TI in critically ill patients,\[[@ref29]\] possibly because the effectiveness of apneic oxygenation in the critically ill patient may be limited by the presence of illness-causing a physiologic shunt. Recently, the addition of supplemental oxygen through a nasal cannula in the presence of mask leaks has been shown to improve the end-tidal O~2~ during preoxygenation.\[[@ref30]\]

Hemodynamic stabilization {#sec2-5}
-------------------------

Hypotension after intubation is reported in nearly half of the intubated patients in ICU, with cardiovascular collapse occurring in 30% patients.\[[@ref31][@ref32][@ref33]\] Hemodynamic instability is an independent predictor of death following intubation.\[[@ref33]\] Peri-intubation hemodynamic instability has been shown to increase


about transient adrenal insufficiency with etomidate, especially in septic patients, there is no convincing evidence of harm.\[[@ref40]\] Ketamine, due to its sympathomimetic effects, helps to maintain blood pressure during intubation. When compared with etomidate, there was no difference in the rate of complications.\[[@ref41]\] Ketamine may cause hypertension, tachycardia, increased airway secretions, raised intracranial and intraocular pressure. Unless contraindicated, it should be the preferred induction agent for endotracheal (ET) intubation. Other agents such as opiates, dexmedetomidine, and lignocaine can be used as adjuncts to blunt sympathetic response to laryngoscopy.

The use of neuromuscular blocking agents not only improves the laryngoscopic grade of view but also the overall intubating conditions. The use of neuromuscular blocking agents has been shown to improve first-attempt intubation success with both rapid and delayed sequence intubation,pressure support ventilation level between 5 and 15 cm H~2~O to obtain an expiratory tidal volume between 6 and 8 ml/kg, and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 cm H~2~O) in case of acute respiratory failure in the preintubation period. Rapid sequence induction is performed using cricoid pressure with either ketamine or etomidate for induction and suxamethonium or etomidate for neuromuscular blockade. Postintubation components include immediate confirmation of tube placement using capnography, using norepinephrine if the diastolic blood pressure remains low, initiation of long-term sedation, and use of protective lung ventilation. While this bundle has not been validated, we believe it is a reasonable protocol for safe TI in the ICU.

A S[TEPWISE]{.smallcaps} A[PPROACH FOR THE]{.smallcaps} M[ANAGEMENT]{.smallcaps} T[RACHEAL]{.smallcaps} I[NTUBATION IN THE]{.smallcaps} I[NTENSIVE]{.smallcaps} C[ARE]{.smallcaps} U[NIT]{.smallcaps} {#sec1-5}
=====================================================================================================================================================================================================

The AIDAA proposes a stepwise


PEEP of 5 cm H~2~O (nasal cannula with an O~2~ flow of 15 L/min may be used in addition when there is a mask leak) or HFNC with 70 L/min of oxygen flow should be used. Preintubation fluid loading with 500 mL of saline should be given in the absence of cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The patient should be anesthetized using ketamine or etomidate and neuromuscular blockade provided with succinylcholine or rocuronium. IPPV may be performed using bag-valve mask with reservoir bag using external PEEP valve set to 5--10 cm H~2~O PEEP if available or IPPV using the ventilator maintaining a cricoid pressure throughout. Cricoid pressure should be given, but may be partially or completely released if ventilation is inadequate.

Step 2: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation {#sec2-13}
--------------------------------------------

If mask ventilation issuccessful proceed with TI using direct or video laryngoscopy. Nasal oxygen using O~2~ flow of 15 L/min or HFNC O~2~ should be continued. Do not exceed more than two attempts at intubation and repeat an attempt only if the SpO~2~ is ≥95%. Mask ventilation should be performed between attempts. Optimize position, use external laryngeal manipulations, partially or completely release the cricoid pressure to optimize the laryngoscopic view if required and use a bougie or stylet if required. Between attempts at intubation consider changing the device or technique, rather than repeating the same technique. Maintain depth of anesthesia throughout the intubation attempts. If mask ventilation is not possible, a single attempt at intubation could be made, provided the SpO~2~ is ≥95%. After intubation, confirm proper ET tube position using


particle contours does not significantly change the anisotropic arrangement of the crystallites contained in the particles and introduces strain into the particles that can lead to swelling effects in lithium-ion batteries when this strain is released during cycling.
The coating of the graphite particles by an amorphous carbon layer at present is achieved in the industry mostly by mixing the graphite particles with coal tar pitch either in a mixing process in which the pitch is mixed either as dry powder, molten liquid, or dissolved in an organic solvent. Subsequently the dry graphite/pitch mixture is carbonized and subsequently calcined under inert gas conditions at temperatures around 1500° C. One major problem of this coating process is the impact of coal tar pitch or other pitch types on the environmentThe latest news update on the notorious Skripal case is that the source of the alleged Novichok poisoning may have been a cereal brought to the Skripals by a family friend who happens to work for a major Russian medical company, hospitalizing them both as well as a police sergeant for some reason. Less than 24 hours earlier, we were informed that the Novichok nerve agent was actually likely administered via the handle of the front door, which according to the New York Times would have been an operation that “is seen as so risky and sensitive that it is unlikely to have been undertaken without approval from the Kremlin.”

This is par for course in the immensely plot hole-riddled Skripal case, which since the story broke has been


are entirely reader-funded, so if you enjoyed this piece please consider sharing it around, liking me on Facebook, following my antics on Twitter, bookmarking and getting on the mailing list for my website, checking out my podcast, throwing some money into my hat on Patreon or Paypal, or buying my new book Woke: A Field Guide for Utopia Preppers.

Bitcoin donations:1Ac7PCQXoQoLA9Sh8fhAgiU3PHA2EX5Zm2managed by manager Count Grog.

In September 1997, Jackson filed a lawsuit on behalf of the IPWA against the Fairfax County School Board and Chantilly High School Principal Dale Rumberger. The purpose of the lawsuit was to recoup $15,000 lost by the promotion as a result of a breach of contract. The IPWA had been invited to hold an event to raise money for the Chantilly High School marketing class when it was abruptly cancelled by the Fairfax County school system. This was due to a complaint by Andy Shallal, an official involved in Fairfax County's diversity training program, who was offended by what he described as "ethnic stereotyping" in flyers featuring Salvatore Sincere, "Wiseguy" Jimmy Cicero and Doink the Clown. As head of the School Board's human relations


  * @param  string  $choice
     * @return void
     */
    protected function parseChoice($choice)
    {
        [$type, $value] = explode(': ', strip_tags($choice));

        if ($type === 'Provider') {
            $this->provider = $value;
        } elseif ($type === 'Tag') {
            $this->tags = [$value];
        }
    }

    /**
     * Publishes the assets for a tag.
     *
This is 2nd time in two months that Rihanna nude pictures leaked online. And this time, we also got CONFIRMED porn that we further describe in next section. In that genuine porn video, we can see naked Rihanna having sex on the yacht! I just can’t resist my cock going harder in every second I watch in her pierced nipples and hot ebony Rihanna ass!

Rihanna Porn Video CONFIRMED!

Did you know that Rihanna fucking skills are on the top 10 List of magazine Playboy? Yeah people, this magazine did a research on celebrity leaked porn videos, and gave us the result. As a conclusion, we have bad girl Rihanna sex tape, just after her friend Nicki Minaj. She is seen in the leaked porn video from her hacked iCloud,


will be popular too! If you have tattooed body and piercings, the success is there for sure!

Rihanna boobs in see through outfit

We have the gallery of the newest Rihanna nude, sexy and see through pics. Her big tits and pierced nipples are seen here under the mesh black top and leather black skirt! She attended the Paris Fashion Week, also she showed us her biggest treasure! Saggy boobs and hard nipples, hard as my cock! Folks, Rihanna is not stupid at all. She is doing everything on the purpose. With Rihanna, on the pics we can see Jessica Alba and other RiRi’s good celebrity friends!

Photoshoot By Terry Richardson

Rihanna is among the other celebrities that are going with see through clothes style. Famous photographer Terry Richardson took a picsof her for CR Fashion Book. Riri on the pics is looking very sexy and she is really in love with her boobs. On one pic she is in a see through dress where we can see her tits and nipples clearly and on other she is squeezing her tits and slight of her nipple-areola pops out!

Terry Richardson is famous for having affairs with almost every his model. His huge dick was the drive of every singer and celebrity her photographed. Terry made quite a lot explicit pics with these whores, but Rihanna is not one of them. Maybe he just hid them too goo, so hackers found Miley Cyrus, but not Rihanna. This man knows how to use the position, he knows how to use the situation.


lingerie pics she did for her Fenty Savage line campaign? If u didn’t, check out them all down below! Bad girl Rihanna showed her big ass, also perfectly shaped tits. She looks nice while posing in pink sexy lingerie, see-through bras, and corsets! She makes me hard every time I see busty curves of her, at the same time I would like to fuck her!

Robyn Rihanna Fenty (Age 31) is a Barbadian singer and businesswoman. Rihanna made so many great songs, everybody knows and sings her hits all the time. Almost everyday, we can hear her perfect voice and great songs on the radio. Despite that she is famous for her body, we all love her work and naughty posing for magazines! Enjoy folks!sets a flag.  It does not free the reference to the accumulated string or in any other way affect resource usage:
static VALUE
strio_close(VALUE self)
{
    struct StringIO *ptr = StringIO(self);
    if (CLOSED(ptr)) {
        rb_raise(rb_eIOError, "closed stream");
    }
    ptr->flags &= ~FMODE_READWRITE;
    return Qnil;
}

And lastly, when you call StringIO#string, you get a reference to the exact same string that the StringIO instance has been accumulating:
static VALUE
strio_get_string(VALUE self)
{
    return StringIO(self)->string;
}

How to leak memory when using StringIO
All of this means that there is only one way for a StringIO instance to cause a resource leak: You must not close the StringIO object,


if there are many extant instance of Leaker.  This simple (and deliberately pathological) example can be fixed by simply not keeping the StringIO as an instance variable.  When you can (and you almost always can), it's better to simply throw away the StringIO object than to go through the bother of closing it explicitly:
class NotALeaker

  attr_reader :result

  def initialize
    sio = StringIO.new
    sio.puts "Here's a large file:"
    sio.puts
    sio.write File.read('/path/to/a/very/big/file')
    @result = sio.string
  end

end

Add to all of this that these leaks only matter when the strings are large or the StringIO instances numerous and the StringIO instance is long lived, and you can see that explicitly closing StringIOto the other answers here: calling close won't help you save memory.
require "stringio"
sio = StringIO.new
sio.print("A really long string")
sio.close
sio.string # => "A really long string"

"A really long string" will stay around as long as sio does, close or no close.
So why does StringIO have a close method? Duck typing. Providing close, and throwing an IOError if you try to read or write from it, ensures it acts like a real File object would. This is useful if you're using it as a mock object while unit testing.


Tag Archives: budget for honeymoon

Post all the hustle and bustle of Indian wedding it is finally the time to relax. Yes, the honeymoon period, which every couple looks forward to as an enticing start to a beautiful journey. Deciding on the honeymoon destination has to be a well thought of process, finalization happening post a mutual discussion, which respectfully takes into account the preferences of both partners. Here we are listing top few winter honeymoon destinations for mountain lovers, beach lovers and those who have an inclination for art & architecture.

Kashmir

Paradise on earth, as its commonly known, Kashmir is a perfect winter honeymoon destination to unwind and rekindle the flame of love for the newly-weds after long and tiring wedding ceremonies. Srinagar, Gulmarg, Pahalgam offer the perfect sereneto compromise on luxury? Vietnam is one place for you where you can experience all luxuries on your honeymoon within your budget. Enjoy some romantic moments with your partner at beautiful beach. The best time to visit this place is November to April. You are not required to pay much on your honeymoon during your visit. You can plan your visit to this place within Rs. 1 lakh only.

If you have spent most of your savings on your wedding shopping and arrangements and now you are worried about how to bear the expenses of your honeymoon? Don’t worry! Planning your honeymoon is not that difficult if you plan well in advance. In your planning two things are really critical, one is choosing the right destination and another is


is always good that you book a hotel which offers you decent facilities within reasonable price.

Don’t go beyond your budget: You must have spent a lot of money on your wedding and honeymoon could be equally expensive affair. It can create a hole in your bank balance, if you go beyond your budget. It is very much required that you fix a budget for honeymoon and try to stick to it religiously.the goalie with a minute to go but they did not score, and Russia won the game 2–1.

Semifinals

The first semifinal was the matchup between the favourite and defending champion, the Czech Republic against Sweden. After the first period went scoreless Patrik Eliáš brought the lead to the Czechs after just 46 seconds into the second period. Sweden struck back twice with goals from Patrik Berglund and Mikael Backlund to take a one-goal lead into the last intermission. Jimmie Ericsson and Marcus Krüger scored to increase Sweden's lead to 4–1. Six minutes before the end, Eliáš scored his second goal and the Czechs gained hope again. They pulled their goaltender with under a minute to go but Sweden's Berglund scored an empty net goal. The Czech Republic was eliminated


In this study, all osteotomies achieved complete union. The mean times to complete cortical union were 57 days in the LIPUS group and 76 days in the control group. Regarding endosteal union, the mean times were 121 days in the LIPUS group and 148 days in the control group. The LIPUS group had significantly reduced times for both types of union. Application of LIPUS shortened the time to cortical union by 27%, and to endosteal union by 18%. Our results indicate that LIPUS accelerated bone healing after we performed forearm bone shortening osteotomies. This may provide earlier return to activity and work for patients undergoing forearm osteotomies.to form a connection with the customer here. It’s more intimate.”

Sales at the store are good, she says. “We’re beating our target for the year.”

Martin Short's a friend

A special item on the shelf this year is the anniversary book: Roots – 40 Years of Style. And there on the inside cover is a quote from Hamilton’s Martin Short:

"Style is knowing who you are, what to say, and not giving a damn. Roots=style. Lucky me to have been a part of it."

Roots left Lime Ridge Mall behind, but has been part of Jackson Square since the late Eighties. (Paul Wilson/CBC)

Was Short part of Roots in a formal way, or is his connection as a fan? We ask Robert Sarner, head of communications for Roots. He e-mails back:

“Marty Short has


Batch culture was conducted in a 2.5 L fermentor with initial glucose concentration of 120 g/L. By adopting the optimal concentration combination of vitamins, the concentration and yield to glucose of pyruvic acid reached 69.4 g/L and 0.593 g/g at 57.5 h, which were increased by 32.4% and 13% than the best results in flask culture, respectively.together, but I don't think a strong community stands by as they know a boy is being physically abused by his alcoholic father, stands by as alcohol slowly kills everyone in the community, stands by as adult men beat Arnold up at a Pow Wow because they think it's funny. That spells out a pretty weak community to me.

Now, I still think this book has a lot of value and Arnold is very funny, I'd just like the parents and teachers of kids who are reading it to know more about it so they can talk to kids about the truths and the stereotypes. It would be great to see it paired with some of Oyate's materials dispelling the myths of the history of American Indians. I think


reason that I have a problem with these things in the book isn't because I think it's unrealistic, it's because a lot of teachers will feel like they can't use this book as a classroom read without backlash from angry parents. You may not like to hear that, but that's the plain truth. There are plenty of young adult reads out there with bad language and sex and they are being widely read, but most of them are not being used in classrooms. I wish this was a more appropriate classroom read because how many books can you think of with an American Indian main character and set in modern day that teachers CAN use in the classroom? Every kid out there deserves to read some books thata week- long online
competition of No-Limit Hold'em cash games which resulted in a
devastating blow to Blom's career, as he lost almost $5 million.

Luckily the next year, Dwan was able to redeem himself when
he finished 2nd at the 2010 WSOP $1,500 No Limit Hold 'em event,
winning over $380,000. Dwan also cashed in three different times
at the 2011 WSOP, with the most impressive being 5th place
finish in the $10,000 H.O.R.S.E. Championship.

His lifetime tournament winnings surpass $2 million with a
good portion of that coming from the WSOP final tables. However,
Dwan has yet to win a World Series of Poker bracelet. Below is a
diagram showing Dwan's five best achievements at the WSOP
events.

Tom Dwan's Top 5 World Series of Poker Results

Year

Event

Place

Prize

2010

$1,500 No-Limit Hold'em

2nd

$381,885

2011

$10,000 H.O.R.S.E.

5th

$134,480

2008

$10,000 World Championship Mixed Event

7th

$67,680

2008

$5,000 No-Limit 2-7 Draw w/ Rebuys

8th

$45,110

2011

$25,000


Ademo Freeman

was born and raised in Wisconsin, traveled the country in a RV dubbed "MARV" and is an advocate of a voluntary society, where force is replaced with voluntary interactions. He's partaken in projects such as, Motorhome Diaries, Liberty on Tour, Free Keene, Free Talk Live and is the Founder of CopBlock.org. ____________________________________________________________________________ If you enjoy my work at CopBlock.org, please, consider donating $1/month to the CopBlock Network or purchasing CopBlock.org Gear from the store. ____________________________________________________________________________ Find Ademo at these social networks: Facebook Twitter YoutubeHajdu-Cheney syndrome in a 3 1/2 year old girl.
Hajdu-Cheney acro-osteolysis is reported in a 3 1/2 year old girl whose mother has the syndrome. Acro-osteolysis was shown to be absent at the age of 2 1/2 years. It was demonstrated on hand X-rays performed a year later. This is the youngest case of Hajdu-Cheney acro-osteolysis reported in the literature.


[Endoscopic study of reflux of the saphenous valve].
Saphenous venous endoscopy, invasive and non-physiological, enables the in vivo and in situ observation of the valve system. A saphenous vein has a preferential flattening axis parallel to the outside of the skin with two walls, internal and external, and two borders. A valve is inserted on one vein wall, with the valve horns being on the borders. The free borders of a bivalve are parallel with the surface of the skin. The valve system has an antireflux function. There are three main causes of reflux in the saphenous veins: 1. Transitory functional incompetence affecting valves of normal appearance. This incompetence results from valve inertia, flattening of the valve against the sinus wall and loss of co-adaptation. Do active factors producingQ:

Getting big data unnecessarily while using orderbychild() from Firebase?

I'm developing an app that has a video and an article feed. I implemented swipe refresh layout. Whenever user swipes it, it loads last 5 video datas from Firebase.
My database is like this (it's not much data) =>

Swipe refresh layout listener =>
 mSwipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener(() -> {
        manager.scrollToPosition(0);
        refreshVideoFeed();

    });

And refreshVideoFeed method triggers this =>
 Query query = myRef.orderByChild("videoDate").limitToLast(5);

    query.addListenerForSingleValueEvent(new ValueEventListener() {
        @Override
        public void onDataChange(@NonNull DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {
              ..................

It works fine. However, I realized


that app is using lots of data when i looked at Realtime Database dashboard (even app is not in product)

Then I opened Profiler in Android Studio to see what is going on. I ordered by child 'videoDate' and got last 5 videos. It costs 76 KB for refreshing video feed.

Then again I ordered by child 'videoDate' and got last 20 videos. Again it costs 77KB !

Also, I implemented the same mechanism for article feed. I have 236 articles in my realtime database. Whenever user swipes, it loads 10 articles and it costs 3,6 MB!

I wonder why this is happening and how to avoid that. It seems Firebase SDK fetchs all Videos to client and then filters them. But I want to fetch only specific range of datathat I specified.

A:

Ordering and filtering data is only done on the Firebase servers if there's an index defined on the property/value you filter on. If there's no index, the server sends all data to the client, which then orders and filters it. There should a quite explicit message in the log output when this happens.
To define an index, you go to the security rules panel in your Firebase console and on the node that myRef points to add an .indexOn property. Say myRef refers to /articles, it'd look something likeL
{
  "rules": {
    "articles": {
      ".indexOn": "videoDate"
    }
  }
}

If you order/filter on different properties, you can add multiple indexes:
".indexOn": [ "videoDate", "category" ]


out and grind you down to the bone," said Steve Mizerak, a four-time U.S. Open Pocket Billiard champion who was widely regarded as the man to beat at the Biltmore.

Beat Mizerak twice is what Hopkins did in reaching the final. After being stunned 150-19 by Rempe in the opening round, Hopkins came alive in the losers' bracket, eliminating Rempe before getting to Mizerak for the second time. "I haven't played straight pool since last August," Hopkins said. "There's no action, so why bang heads?"

Saturday night, before a crowd of 900, the biggest of the tournament, Martin and Hopkins started cautiously, but in the seventh inning Hopkins loosened up, running 57 balls for a 94-53 lead. In the 10th he cleaned off two more racks to go ahead 121-57,and eae, stx1, and stx2 specific sequences. Nine out of examined E. coli strains showed the localized pattern of adherence. About half (46.8%) of strains were diffusely adherent and six isolates were cells detaching E. coli (CDEC). A total of 22 (23%) examined strains showed the presence of specific for verocytotoxins sequences. The results showed that many strains recognized on the ground of agglutination with specific EPEC antisera as unpathogenic could be an etiologic agents of diarrhea which are able to produce histopathologic lesions in the intestinal epithelium. In turn, many strains classified as EPEC could be unpathogenic on the basis of diffuse pattern of adherence.


gives immediate feedback. It gives students only the instruction they need to gain mastery in a certain area; it skips areas that they already know and have already mastered. By providing very small bits of information, giving assessments frequently, and offering immediate feedback, it helps give students confidence--some of them for the first time ever in math.

Grush: How is the instruction customized for individual students?

Mettlen: We start out a class with a common, targeted intervention that everyone in a small group needs. Then students work at their own pace in the adaptive learning system. The system not only gives students feedback; it also gives faculty feedback. It tells faculty immediately what students are struggling with and identifies students with more than one problem so that the instructor canwith the feedstock introduced into the chiller, the remainder sent to a basket centrifuge for crystal separation. The disclosure is quite specific in that a slurry of paraxylene crystals is recycled and introduced back into the chiller.
Crystal purification has been used in the past but has many disadvantages, especially in the food processing industry, as delicate flavor components may be lost by volatilization and oxidation of early-oxidized flavor components may lead to the production of unwanted off-flavors.
In general, in all prior art crystallization processes, the formation of crystal nuclei is controlled at a limited value so that large crystals are obtained rather than an increased number of small crystals. For example, in a crystallizer in which the crystallization is effected from a supersaturated solution, the formation of nuclei


invited to join Reserve staff outdoors to engage in a few of the recommended activities with their kids.

And next year’s National Estuaries Day (September 2008) will offer another great opportunity for parents and children to participate in a fun outdoor activity –Kachemak Bay’s first BioBlitz. Focusing on Beluga Slough and Beluga Lake in downtown Homer, this will involve numerous bio-teams (which could include kids and families) collecting specimens and sightings of everything from insects and birds to marine invertebrates, fish, and plants over the course of a day. With taxonomic experts heading each bio-team, such an event would give the Reserve a snapshot of this site’s biodiversity, which at this point is not fully understood. What fun for kids – running around capturing examples of everything that movesor grows!

In a social landscape where the game of tag is being outlawed and lawsuits for children’s accidents on private property are commonplace, how can parents or teachers foster a love of the outdoors? Take that first step outside with a youngster, ponder the possibilities of what can be learned from nature, and don’t come in until cold or darkness overcomes you…on the other hand, maybe you’ll want to stay outdoors to experience the darkness.

Carmen Field is a marine educator and naturalist with the Kachemak Bay Research Reserve in Homer

Subscribe to Fish and Wildlife News to receive a monthly notice about the new issue and the articles.


Investigating Hispanic adolescent involvement with alcohol: a focus group interview approach.
Focus group interviews were conducted with Hispanic teenagers to explore their patterns of alcohol consumption, influences on drinking and possible intervention strategies. The findings revealed that drinking and alcohol-impaired driving are common. Conviviality and social facilitation are the predominant contexts for alcohol consumption in this population. The strong influence of peers was detected where drinking to 'fit in' and be part of the crowd was observed. Parents were also noted to have influence. Some parents actively promoted drinking among their sons as it is often seen as a sign of masculinity or 'machismo'. Suggestions for effective prevention strategies included a preference for messages which vividly portray the harmful consequences of alcohol consumption and the use of testimonials fromMHW when it acquired Pizza Hut. However, PepsiCo retained ownership of the Stolichnaya mark, and entered into an agreement with MHW under which MHW agreed to continue importing the vodka made by the same distilleries. PepsiCo, as the trademark owner, continued to monitor the nature and quality of the vodka as it had done before, and it continued to receive a royalty based on sales from MHW. It is irrelevant that the consuming public does not know that it is actually PepsiCo who owns the mark. It is well-established that the public need not know the name of the trademark owner for their to be goodwill in a mark, nor does the name of the owner have to appear on the product itself.
[3]  Since the dissolution of


  types.SPEC_OPERATION,
        types.SPEC
      ])
    },
    methods: {
      ...mapMutations([
        types.SPEC_SET_OPERATION,
        types.UI_SET_DIALOG
      ])
    }
  }
</script>

<style scoped lang="stylus">
  .clickable:hover
    cursor pointer
  .mono-title
    font-family "Roboto Mono", monospace
    width 100%
    overflow hidden
    display block
    text-overflow ellipsis
</style>
Decentralization and health care prioritization process in Tanzania: from national rhetoric to local reality.
During the 1990s, Tanzania like many other developing countries adopted health sector reforms. The most common policy change under the health sector reforms has been decentralization, which involves the transfer of power and authority from the central level to local authorities. Based on the case study of Mbarali district in Tanzania, this paper uses a policy analysis approach to analyse the implementation of decentralized health care priority setting. Specifically, the paper examines the process, actors and contextual factors shaping decentralized health care priority setting processes. The analysis and conclusion are based on a review of documents, key informant interviews, focus group discussion, and notes from non-participant observation. The findings of the study indicate that local


of unaccustomed stress. Where Otilia is principled, dependable, resourceful and loyal, Gabita is self absorbed, deceitful, unreliable and dependent. Granted, Gabita is the one who is pregnant, but you’re struck by the sense that her helplessness cuts far deeper than her present exigency can explain. The other principals are also interesting studies: Viarel Bebe (Vlad Ivanov), the steely abortionist, and Adi Radu (Alexandru Potocean), Otilia’s nebbisher boyfriend.

The two women remind me of the pair in Erick Zonca’s 1998 film, The Dreamlife of Angels, also about an outgoing, caring young woman (played by Elodie Bouchez) and an apartment mate who is self centered, mercurial, even suicidal (Natacha Regnier). A life lesson in both stories is that you can knock yourself out for someone else without influencing them to changeclose up partial faces of new lovers smiling or gazing with adoration (we may only see their mouths or eyes). The twinkling glitter of rich amber whisky as it’s poured into a faceted glass.

Then there are Frankie’s voiceovers: philosophical axioms sonorously intoned, like lyrics sung by Leonard Cohen. Hope is the medicine of people who lead difficult, unfulfilling lives, we learn in voiceovers toward the beginning and end of the film, and the more familiar one is with hope, the less effective it becomes. Stuff like that. Some of these utterances are banal. Others are well said and poetical enough. But they seem unintegrated with the story at hand. It’s not that they don’t sound the same themes. It’s that Frankie the man, inarticulate in the extreme, would


like murder and rape – were overturned as a result of new, DNA-based evidence proving their innocence, chemical analyses that were either unavailable or not conducted at the time of their original trials. These conviction reversals are, almost without exception, the result of pro bono legal assistance and inspiration provided by the Innocence Project, a non-profit legal clinic and criminal justice resource center established in 1992 at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, at Yeshiva University, in New York City.

The two founding lawyers of the clinic, Barry C. Scheck and Peter J. Neufeld, have waged a relentless and tireless battle to aid wrongly convicted men facing execution, in the process encouraging the development of similar clinics and legal efforts in 30 states. To date, 175 persons haveimplies.

This film is surely recommended viewing for anyone whose curiosity has been piqued by Monster. We can see how strikingly Theron was able to achieve a resemblance to Wuornos in looks and demeanor. On the other hand, Tyria, Wuornos’s lover, filmed in 1992, is older and more poised, not the immature ingenue depicted in Monster by Christina Ricci. A major difference is the chronology of events after Wuornos and her lover meet. It is a fact, affirmed in Life and Death, that Tyria and Lee were together for three years before the first killing occurred. In Monster, the first killing occurs just after the initial meetings of the couple, inviting the interpretation that Wuornos’s new love relationship influenced her homicidal behavior in some fundamental way. The self-defense issue


in the end remains unresolved according to this film. Are we to believe the original courtroom testimony, the recanting 9 years later, or the affirmation of self defense candidly whispered when Wuornos thought she wasn’t being recorded?

Was Wuornos insane – psychotic - near the end of her life? Broomfield thinks so, and so do many viewers. The question would, of course, have had no bearing on her original conviction or sentencing, but apparently could affect the timing, at least, of her execution. An examination by a state appointed panel of three psychiatrists was hastily arranged near the end: after a 20 minute interview, they unanimously said she was sane. Of course the legal definition of sanity is simply that a person knows right from wrong, understands the chargesthe desperate angst that drives the main protagonist, this film, unlike Ice Storm, also sounds a hopeful note, suggesting that beauty surrounds us, and that it is possible to change our stance in the world, if we will only imagine more clearly how lovely life could be. Cynics will say, "Stop and smell the coffee. Yeah. Right. So then, how come the guy has to die?” Still, in a film genre prone to exploiting negatives, I find the positive riffs in this film refreshing.

The big thing that sets this film apart from other recent Exurbans is the quality of the performances. In nearly every role the players convey a richness, complexity and tautness of character that is compelling and believable. Kevin Spacey has been rightly praised for his


his friends, a nonstop talker, but most of all, he is indefatigable in his pursuit of his dreams, and it is his tireless spirit which provides the underpinning for this film, on top of which the funny situations keep on popping up at every turn. Grade: B+ (01/00)

AMERICANSPLENDOR (Robert Pulcini & Shari Springer Berman, US, 2003). THEME: DEPRESSIVE PERSONALITY. In the 1960s we spoke of "depressive personalities" - people for whom a depressive orientation seemed woven into the very fabric of their character, rather than being a superimposed disease. For such folks, everyday frustrations assume epic proportions, because of a lack of stamina, limited coping skills, and a corresponding tendency to magnify all problems out of proportion. Self-defeating behavior results from pessimism and irritability, creating self fulfilling prophesiesdance done by P ü nktchen, Bertha and Laurence, the young French aupair. Great film for kids (except for the subtitles, unfortunately) because it emphasizes the importance of loyalty, devotion, loving relationships, fairness and honesty. (In German) Grade: B (02/00)

ANNIVERSARY PARTY (Jennifer Jason Leigh & Alan Cumming, US, 2001). THEMES: RELATIONSHIPS; FRIENDSHIPS; DRUGS: ECSTACY; NO CIGARETTE SMOKING IN FILM. Good friends Leigh and Cumming decided to make a film in which they and their Hollywood acting buddies could participate. It would be a party with all the action taking place on a single evening. They made up a rough storyline over many months and then had the cast improvise a lot of the details as they filmed. In the story they are a married couple who had separated


like any large party. This could be you and your friends. It's full of discontinuities...bits and pieces of conversation... banalities, humor, embarrassments...and it goes on and on, fueled through the night by everyone's dropping "Ecstasy." What's humdrum is that we learn nothing new from witnessing this group. What's nice is that the emotionally charged confrontations - and there are a few, once the Ecstasy takes hold - are balanced by some very heartfelt, simple, caring gestures among friends here. People are for the most part unpretentious, not gushy or showy or false. Also, notice that no one's smoking, except for an occasional joint, and after several rounds of champagne, everyone switches to bottles of Evian. It's a well done two hour slice of Hollywood celeb life, turn ofcontinuity of care rather than forced discharges, and bootlegging administratively forbidden surgical procedures for people who need them.

Another subtext is the mountainous bureaucracy, long waiting lines, brusque and officious staff, endless sea of paperwork and Catch-22 regulations that drive both patients and health care providers to distraction. “Shooter” Polaski (Leo Burmester), a dangerous hulk who suffers from Vietnam combat-related PTSD, gets a letter from the VA declaring him eligible for “…full and complete medical benefits. However, as your diagnosed condition cannot be specifically related to military service, treatment is not available at this time.” “Article 99” is cited as the authorizing regulation for this notice. Shooter’s response is to rev up his pickup truck and crash into the lobby of the hospital and down a corridor until it


corporations, has a sordid track record of unjustified efforts to deny a connection between chronic illness and military duty hazards in order to save money or because of other biases. In the early 1980s, I was able to show that among the four independent VA disability “rating boards” operating in my area, the proportion of claims for combat-related PTSD that were approved varied from 4% by one rating board to nearly 50% by another! Differences obviously way beyond chance. What operated here was a variable of subjective bias among the members of these quasi-judicial review panels.

Whether a Vet who does not have any service connected disability can get health care at a VA facility depends on a host of factors, including how richly funded that particular hospital is,what kinds of care are needed, whether the Vet has other health insurance, and the Vet’s income level. But suffice it to say, many, many Vets find they are refused care or placed on interminable wait lists, and this makes people very angry.

You might think Shooter’s outrageous drive through the hospital in his pickup is pure fiction, but at my hospital, we once had a psychiatric outpatient who tried to crash a small airplane into our psych unit. Miraculously, he crashed in a garden just in front of the building, harming no one but himself. On another occasion, one of our psychologists was summoned to the top of a high water tower elsewhere in the city to “talk down” a desperate Vet needing care. Pretty dramatic stuff. Interestingly,


events of this sort happened in the early years of our program, when funding was very threadbare. Later, in an era of greater staff resources and special treatment options, such events ceased.

Luther, by the way, is also the real deal: there’s a Luther or two in every VA patient population. I think of them as “career patients,” eccentric and often charismatic men whose fulfillment in life seems to have peaked during their years in the military, and who now derive their primary identity and self esteem from the prominent, colorful informal positions they create for themselves in the VA hospital milieu.

The scam to rip off patient care resources for research also rings true, sad to say. Shenanigans only a hair less larcenous have been customary in dozens ofis palpable. He so much wants to succeed in business and win back his family. But like most people with paranoid personalities, and many who are obsessive by nature, he has little awareness of his own quirks and the effects of his behavior on others. He cannot see what we see. That he is intrusive and controlling with Marie; that he lacks restraint and any hint of tenderness or even empathy toward her. That he is devoid of the congeniality and self confidence of a successful salesman.

When things don’t go well, he blames others. He doesn’t want to blame his wife for their domestic troubles: he still has her placed high on a pedestal of idealization. So he blames the man she’s dating who drives a Cadillac. He’s


It does distract somewhat from the gravitas of Hughes’s several personas. It is a constant reminder that Hughes is being played by a young actor. The other players are adequate or better, especially Blanchett, Reilly, Alda and Ross.

This may not be a great film but it a thoroughly absorbing entertainment that, as far as it goes, depicts and also celebrates one of the most unusual characters of our times. Grade: B+ (12/28/04)

Add: Here are some things you won’t discover or understand very well watching The Aviator. Howard Robard Hughes Jr. - known as Sonny - was born in the oil town of Humble, Texas on September 24, 1905. He died on April 5, 1976, at the age of 71, of apparent heart failure on an airplane carrying himfor mathematics, flying and things mechanical. He audited math and engineering classes at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena and later at the Rice Institute of Technology in Houston. Orphaned in 1924, the 18-year-old Hughes took control of his father’s tool company, an estate valued at almost $900,000. Although shy and retiring, Hughes became enamored with the motion picture industry and moved to Los Angeles in 1925. He financed three films of varying quality before undertaking Hell’s Angels.

As an aviator, he once held every speed record of consequence and was hailed as the world’s greatest flyer. Howard Hughes’ greatest legacy to Southern California is the family of Hughes companies founded during his lifetime. Based in Westchester, west of central Los Angeles, Hughes Space and Communications is today


for Martin, about a dementing symphony composer/conductor and his devoted spouse. Grade: B+ (01/07)

BACK FROM MADNESS: The Struggle for Sanity (Kenneth Paul Rosenberg, US, 1996/2003, 53 min.). THEMES: SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS; CARE IN THE COMMUNITY; BIPOLAR DISORDER; DEPRESSION; OCD; PSYCHOSURGERY (CINGULOTOMY) FOR OCD; ECT. A documentary film from the Erich Lindemann (Psychiatric) Center at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, tracing the course of four severely mentally ill persons whom we meet in the hospital before their return to the community. Their stories are told largely by themselves in serial interviews.

Todd is 25, a homeless person from the Midwest, has bipolar disorder and rejects treatment for his current manic (or possibly mixed) episode. Naomi, a 23 year old student from New York City, is hounded by auditory hallucinations,problems and issues that, given a tight 53 minutes to cover everything, it spreads itself too thin, often becoming entrapped in superficiality. (Contrast this with Susan Smiley’s recent documentary about her schizophrenic mother, Out of the Shadow. Focusing on one patient, nearly every aspect of her illness and resulting social predicaments is explored in a nuanced manner in 67 minutes.)

Regrettably, intercuts of archival footage showing psychotic behavior, lobotomy and ECT in earlier eras take up precious time to provide gratuitously sensational scenes, just the sort of images that tend to reinforce negative stereotypes of psychiatric care. A vivid picture of past shoddy treatments is worth a thousand words about how we've improved things since then.

Moreover, the film’s title is melodramatic and misleading, insofar as only two of the


WILL SUICIDE WHEN HE DIES). Jack Slavin (Daniel Day-Lewis) helped start a commune in the late 60s on a strikingly beautiful little island on the Atlantic seaboard (the actual locale is just off Prince Edward Island, the smallest of eastern Canada’s Maritime Provinces). Now Jack’s the only one still living there, in a stunning so-called underground house built into a natural hillside for maximum insulation on the windward side. Well, he’s not entirely alone, for his late teen daughter Rose (Camilla Belle) is still with him. But Jack is dying of heart disease, and he’s plagued by questions like how will he and Rose manage when he becomes more debilitated? What will become of Rose after he dies? His utopian dreams are dying too. A developer is erectingget any follow-up about Kathleen and her sons. They seem to have served their dramatic purpose by provoking Rose to come of age.

This film is unsatisfying despite good turns by Mr. Day-Lewis and, especially, Ms. Belle. It begins well but tends to unravel in the middle, when Kathleen and her sons take up residence. For one thing, Ms. Keener, whose work I usually find refreshing, seems somehow stale here, disengaged, not in touch with the camera or the other actors. For another, there is an egregiously arbitrary point near the end, when Jack appears to impulsively abandon his ideals, agreeing to sell his land at a low price to the developer, just hours after Jack had bulldozed over one of the new houses. Why? There is no good


officer, with whom the sergeant has had a long and close relationship. We aren't given any concrete motive and instead are left to imagine why this situation has emerged.

Thus the viewer is thrust into the same position as a mental health professional at the outset of work with a new patient: only the surface facts of the sergeant's feelings and behavior are known. We can only speculate about what lies behind this behavior. Does the sergeant simply fear that the commandant will come to favor the new man? If so, why this man and not some other among the group? Is the sergeant projecting his own (unacknowledged and unacceptable) hostility toward the commandant onto this new man? Images from this remarkable film continue to impress days later. Themugging in the plaza at the projects, to Sandra’s apparent pleasure, though moments before she had been horrified by the notion that her son was gay. It would be a fairytale ending except that too much of the dramatic material built up during the film seems to be ignored at the end. What saves this film from the trash heap is the tenderness and tentativeness of the budding love affair between the boys, which is made entirely believable by the extraordinary work of the actors and director. Grades: drama: B-, depiction of teen gay relationship: A- (08/00)

BEFORE NIGHT FALLS (Julian Schnabel, US, 2000). THEMES: GAY EXPERIENCE IN CUBA; AIDS. Based on a memoir by the gay Cuban writer Reinaldo Arenas that was published three years after his death,


is the case for acute PTSD. But Birdy has crossed the line from longstanding PTSD symptoms into chronic psychosis. Most authorities would agree that he was predisposed to schizophrenia, as shown by his premorbid eccentricity. Grade: B+ (1994)

BLACK AND WHITE (James Toback, US, 2000). THEME: RACE: THE BLACK/WHITE DIVIDE: MUTUAL ATTRACTION. This film explores the mutual attractions between young New York City black hip hop musicians and the white upper middle class kids who idolize them. The film is a mess in many ways, like a Robert Altman or Paul Thomas Anderson multi-charactered, multi-storied, too-full film gone wild. There are things here that are unnecessary and distracting. Why, for example, include a character like Terry (Robert Downey Jr.), who plays the husband of documentary filmmaker Sam (Brooke Shields),least one version of the true story. It’s a terrible irony that the director, the nephew of filmmaker Jonathan Demme, died at age 39 just a few months after this film (his first) opened, of an accidental coronary thrombosis induced by cocaine. Grades: drama C-; authentic story: B+ (11/04)

BLUE DINER (Jan Egleson, US, 2000). THEMES: CONVERSION DISORDER. Curious story about Latinos set in present day Boston. Elena (Lisa Vidal), a young woman who sells mortuary services and caskets to other Latinos, is pursued by Tito (Jose Yenque), a Cuban coffin maker, but she prefers the Anglo son of the mortuary owner. So does her mother, Meche (Miriam Colon), who came from Puerto Rico years earlier hoping to make a better life here for her daughter. She is self


health or filmmaking. They were taught how to use the equipment and had a single, two-hour training session with a suicide prevention hotline counselor. Whenever a camera operator saw a person they felt might be at serious risk for a jump, they were to use a walkie-talkie to notify the California Highway Patrol (CHP) bridge patrol team. But it is unclear whether the more inclusive group of all suspicious persons were to be reported to the CHP, or a more narrowly defined group of persons behaving with more obvious intent to jump.

A question of timing is also raised in the account of the first suicide to occur during filming. A camera operator, Sarah, describes filming this man for nine minutes before contacting Eric Steel at the other endhe is simply suffering from major depression, verging on catatonia. Yet Winston and his family treat Don as if he is his customary self. And Don has no real trouble negotiating the rigors of Winston’s trip itinerary, even rising to the occasion offered by Laura. So one can only conclude that this is your standard, baseline Don Johnston.

Jim Jarmusch last made a good film in 1999, Ghost Dog:The Way of the Samurai (his 2003 release, Coffee and Cigarettes, was a decidedly uneven film pieced together from short segments, some 20 years old). The best thing in Broken Flowers are the softly cynical slices-of-contemporary-Americana depicted by the women and settings Johnston visits. Though admittedly cliched, these episodes are amusing nonetheless, oases of small pleasure in this otherwise arid film


Susanne Bier’s new film explores this theme in possibly the most poignant manner I have seen on the screen, and that’s not all. She also shows us the severe upheavals wrought within a family, when a loved one, a soldier - first thought to be dead in action but later discovered alive - returns home, forever changed by his experiences.

Michael (Ulrich Thomsen) leads a squad of Danish soldiers deployed to peacekeeping efforts in post-war Afghanistan, leaving behind his wife Sarah (Connie Nielsen, whose beauty runs glowingly deep); two young daughters (played with astonishing realism by Sarah Juel Werner and Rebecca Løgstrup); his misfit kid brother Jannik (Nikolaj Lie Kaas), recently released from prison after robbing a bank and assaulting a female employee, causing her to suffer PTSD symptomsto Buffalo for a dreaded reunion with his parents, who are not pleasant people. He picks up a young woman (Christina Ricci) along the way and talks her into pretending to be his wife, so he will have something positive to show these cynical people, his Mom (Anjelica Huston), a fanatical Buffalo Bills (professional football) fan, and Dad (Ben Gazzara), a former pop singer. The young woman’s devotion saves Billy from disaster. Grade: B+ (02/99)

THE BUSINESS OF FANCYDANCING (Sherman Alexie, US, 2002). THEME: CONTEMPORARY NATIVE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE AMONG THE YOUNGER GENERATIONS. The writer of Smoke Signals directs a film that more than fulfills his vision of a poetic statement about contemporary Native American experience, and the pull between cultures. By turns funny, sad, and full of fury, it


these people have somehow arranged the sad fate of his family. Things get worse after Francie’s dad also dies. He’s paranoid and claims to be visited by “Our Lady” (Sinead O’Connor), a wondrous angel. Francie’s plight finally culminates in the bloody killing of the woman next door, and Francie is packed off to the mental hospital, there to find solace with his angelic visitor. Owens not only holds up well for this challenging role, he gives a star’s performance. Grade: B (05/98)

THE CAINE MUTINY(Edward Dmytryk, US, 1954). THEME: OBSESSIVE, PARANOID PERSONALITY. A marvelous WW II drama in which a tyrannical Naval officer becomes unhinged under stress at sea and must be relieved of command. Based on the novel by Herman Wouk. Bogart is absolutely clinically impeccable as themother. He begins skipping classes as a result. Chris and John are both put to pain when Mary erupts in the waiting area of a restaurant, and on another occasion when she wildly dashes outdoors in a rainstorm and creates a flap.

There is a brief bedroom scene while Mary is home on pass from the hospital, when lovemaking is interrupted because Mary is frightened of her skin being exposed and must peek through the drapes to be sure no one outside is watching. It is subtly made clear that her preoccupations have stifled John’s arousal, and we can imagine this has happened before. We also share times of nostalgic reminiscence and bereavement, when Chris or John pauses, tearfully, to recall happier times with Mary, before her illness, and


film that Peter had been incarcerated in a more traditional mental hospital, the sort in which people stay for long periods before discharge, until they appear relatively free of symptoms, sometimes longer. Of course these large old facilities are typically short staffed, keen clinical observation of patients may be scarce, and patients not uncommonly can muster a façade of normality to win their freedom.

The depiction of Peter’s mother is also troublesome. Her grim withholding of affection for Peter and Nicole resurrects the spectre of the “schizophrenogenic mother” – a psychodynamic fiction popular in the 1950s and 60s that accused parents, especially mothers, of causing schizophrenia through self serving, unaffectionate regard for their children. This myth was laid to rest long ago, and it is a black mark againstDaniel amuses himself by pretending to be a woman on an Internet sex chat room and is linked up with Larry, who’s passing time while on call at a hospital. Daniel, presenting himself on line as Anna, agrees to meet Larry next day at the aquarium. By coincidence, Anna is visiting the aquarium and Larry approaches her. They begin an affair that rapidly leads to marriage, but even before they marry, Anna also begins an affair with Daniel, which she sustains after marrying Larry.

All this goes on for a year, at which point Daniel and Anna tell their respective partners about their affair and break off with them in order to be together. The abandoned partners are separately miserable. They meet once by chance: Larry wanders into a


even which locations in their house they used for sex. “Why, why, why must you do this to me,” Anna asks Larry. But she too seems forgiving, in the long run, her love does not appear to be mortally damaged by Larry’s bullying probes, unlike Alice’s loss of love for Dan.

The story is bold in declaring the differences between men and women in love, especially when in comes to sex. The men are both obsessed with issues of sexual performance and response. Neither can tolerate not knowing what exactly went on sexually between their beloved woman and the other man. Both men have no regard whatsoever for the woman’s right to privacy. It’s as if we haven’t moved an inch from primitive times: women are the sexual property$10 left from his monthly social security disability pension for his other needs. Yet he devotes his life to soliciting donations for others, like AIDS relief. He collects $3,000 - $4,000 a year for these causes, taking not a penny for himself. He also takes in stray cats and dogs, and the occasional homeless person. This latter activity brought him into considerable conflict with his neighbors, for some of the people Larry hosted proved to be thieves. One caused a flood by plugging up a running sink. Larry was threatened with eviction. He has also depended for many years on the almost daily assistance of his Uncle Murray, who prepares his meals and does his laundry. But Murray is now 81 and must call up Larry to find


that Mahammad's mother died not long before, perhaps a year or two, and that the father has his eye on someone to marry again in a nearby village. Father courts, asks for her hand, brings a dowry, and consent is given by the woman's family. He does not tell them about Mahammad, only about his daughters. He then arranges to take Mahammad to the home of a blind carpenter a distance away where he will live and learn a trade. Mahammad is bitterly saddened but accepts his fate and adapts there thanks to the kind understanding of his mentor. But the grandmother is furious with the arrangements, seeing them as self-serving to the father and detrimental to his son. She leaves home in a rainstorm, is found andMarine captain who is ordered into combat in VN. Sally starts to volunteer at the local VA hospital, where she meets Luke Martin (Jon Voight), former star football player in her high school graduating class who, as a sargeant in the Marines in VN, was left a paraplegic by a shrapnel wound. Luke is embittered, volatile, reclusive, never wanting to leave the hospital. Gradually He and Sally fall in love.

Bob returns home after an accidentally self-inflicted gunshot injury and learns of Sally's affair through FBI surveillance information (Luke's activities were tracked after he created an antiwar protest by chaining himself to the gates of a Marine base). Already way out of sorts after his duty tour in country and disappointed that he did not return home a hero,


begins with Anka, a young woman, splashing water on a man, Michal, presumably her husband, to awaken him playfully. He returns the favor. It is an intimate series of scenes, and we are surprised to learn that they are in fact father and daughter, and seem to have a loving relationship. He leaves on a business trip for several days, and she is tempted to open a letter, the existence of which she has been aware of for years, marked to be opened only in case of her father's death. She does open this outer envelope finally, only to discover a sealed inner envelope addressed to her in her mother's handwriting (she had died when Anka was just an infant). When her father returns she confesses to himresearch showed that the younger the recruit, the more likely that long lasting psychological damage would occur as a result of combat experiences in Vietnam.

Meryl Streep is convincing as a love interest of both Nick's and Michael's - she's all the better here for not sporting some exotic, overly intrusive foreign accent. The last scene is stupendous: the surviving old gang sitting around the table in their favorite tavern, after Nick's funeral, solemnly singing "God Bless America." This film won the "Best Picture" Oscar in 1978, but that arguably could have gone instead to Coming Home, another Vietnam antiwar film focusing on the impact of war on relationships back home. Grade: B+ (12/01)

THE DEVIL AND DANIEL JOHNSTON(Jeff Feuerzeig, US, 2005, 110 min.). THEMES: CREATIVITY AND MENTAL DISORDER; BIPOLAR


as contemporary video interviews and stills. By mid-adolescence he was holed up in the basement of his family’s home, staying up all hours, writing songs, drawing, making tapes almost nonstop. By his mid-20s he had run away to Austin, Texas, and made a splash on the pop music scene there. But within a year or two, abetted by lots of marijuana and LSD, he began a series of horrendous manic and depressive episodes that scuttled his career, even as he was beginning to receive recognition locally and on a national level.

For much of the next 15 years Johnston was hospitalized frequently after extremely dangerous manic episodes (he seriously injured one acquaintance with a lead pipe, and later interfered with control of his father’s small aircraft, leading to aErickson have the benefit of caring parents who welcomed and arranged decent psychiatric care from the getgo, as Johnston’s parents have done. Unlike Erickson, who does little in his daily life nowadays, despite the heroic efforts of a brother to rehabilitate him, Daniel Johnston has come back.

Yet, even in the best of circumstances, life is difficult for someone with severe bipolar disorder. I've already mentioned Johnston's obesity, almost certainly caused in part by his medications. And, just in December, he was hospitalized again, not for a mood episode but in delirium (acute confusional state) because of kidney failure. Accounts vary, but both lithium toxicity and infection have been mentioned in Web postings as the causes. Lithium is the most widely used and most effective mood stabilizing medication for


a young priest seems to have everything going against him: he is socially awkward and diffident; lacks the skills to manage his first assignment out of seminary, as parish priest in a small village church; he is morose and melancholy; virtually no one in the village takes well to him; and he is dying of stomach cancer. Nevertheless, he is able to transcend his dilemma and touch several lives, including an older priest from whom he often seeks advice, a young girl in his catechism class, and the wife of the leading citizen of the town, a countess who herself has suffered from depression for years since the death of her young son. The drama is poignant, rich, vivid. Bresson uses a camera in the most delicate manner.Often stationary, he lets the action come to the camera, and he also often uses sound out of view to complete the scene. A remarkable, completely accessible, though decidedly heavy dose of the human struggle to move from torment to grace. (In French) Grade: A (10/00)

DIVIDED WE FALL (Jan Hrebejk, Czech Republic, 2001). THEMES: COURAGE AND HAZARDS OF PROTECTING JEWS IN NAZI CONTROLLED EUROPE; THE PLACE OF HUMOR IN TRAGIC STORIES. Story set in a Bohemian (Czech) town during the Nazi occupation of WW II. Excellent and contrasting principal characters, each well developed by fine actors. A couple hides a Jewish fugitive they know, who escaped from a camp. Josef, the husband, is an unlikely hero, a malingerer who exagerates a gimpy gait to avoid conscription. The couple’s


low budget, the sound has more echoes than a bad cell phone transmission, and the photography and editing are nothing to write home about, but the screenplay is ingenious and the acting of the two principals is splendid. Fine soundtrack features Greg Brown's "Sadness" - and the rentable VHS adds a music video at the end of Brown's number. Grade: B (12/00)

THE DREAMLIFE OF ANGELS (Erick Zonca, France, 1998). THEME: BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER. Story of two young women who seem at first to have much in common. But Isa (Elodie Bouchez ) proves to be open and cares about others, while Marie (Natacha Regnier) is self-absorbed, shy, explosive and self destructive, and their differences emerge ever more sharply as the story unfolds. Bouchez and Regnier were named asthird group consists of three people in the same household: Erica, a 17 year old Hispanic-American youth who is drinking a lot regularly, smoking “weed” and sometimes staying out all night on the streets with her girlfriends, her mother, a former heroin addict who is now securely clean and sober, and the mother’s boyfriend. (We catch glimpses of the grandmother and Amanda, Erica's older sister, both important in the family network but not engaged in the treatment.) The mother and boyfriend seem responsible, but mother and daughter are often locked in battles. Erica used to fret and plead with her mother, when she was addicted; now the roles are reversed.

One of the unexpected pleasures in this film is the window it provides into the operations of family therapy.


permitted to leave a hat on a bed: that could produce years of bad luck, even a lifetime. This belief is never explained.

We are taken along on various adventures: drug heists, shooting up scenes, nasty encounters with police, like the search of the gang’s house that leaves everything destroyed, a troubled visit to Bob’s mother’s place. All these scenes are roughened: nothing happens neatly. There’s little glamour. Even the depiction of a few of Bob’s opiate-induced reveries convey that these are only brief narcotized moments in a life dominated by hustling and danger. When he’s on methylamphetamine, Bob is restless, jittery and all the more obsessive about drug heist plans. The others may be capable of some pleasure, but fun of any sort seems beyond Bob’s reach.

A narcotics[The effect of fluorine and other biogeochemical factors on enamel and dentin microhardness].
Dental enamel and dentin microhardness were studied in subjects aged 35-44 living in various climatic and geographic zones of Azerbaijan. A total of 172 intact teeth were examined. Dental hard tissue microhardness was found to be related to caries intensity, fluorine content in potable water, and to other biogeochemical factors. Enamel and dentin microhardness were found much higher in the areas with high fluorine levels of potable water than in those with fluorine-deficient water.


the Gaelic League in its campaign against allnight jazz dancing. I know nothing about jazz dancing except that Iunderstand that they are suggestive and demoralising: but jazz apart, allnight dances are objectionable on many grounds and in country districts and small towns are a fruitful source of scandal and ruin, spiritual and temporal. To how many poor innocent young girls have they not

been an occasion of irreparable disgrace and lifelong sorrow? The campaign was given official state blessing in a letter from Eamonn de Valera: I sincerely hope that the efforts of Conradh na Gaeilge in your county to restore will be successful,and within the reasonable hours which have always been associated with Irish entertainment.

The 1935 Act

It was eventually decided that dance halls should be the subject ofCourt, in turn, remanded

the case to the district court “with instructions for the court to exercise its discretion whether

[Defendant]’s federal sentence should run consecutive to, or concurrent with, his state-court

sentence.”4 United States v. Zorn, 487 F. App’x 289 (6th Cir. 2012).

       On remand, Defendant asked the district court for a concurrent sentence and repeated his

request for an eight and a half month sentence reduction under U.S.S.G. § 5G1.3(b) to account for

the time he spent in state custody before he was transferred into federal custody.5 The district court

ordered Defendant’s federal sentence to run concurrent with his state sentence, but denied

Defendant’s request to subtract eight and a half months from the sentence to adjust for the time he

spent in state custody. Defendant filed a


Husqvarna576 XP® GHusqvarna's most advanced saw for demanding professional use. It features the new X-Torq® engine that provides high torque over a very wide rpm range, combined with low fuel consumption and low exhaust emission levels. Ergonomically improved handles reduce fatigue. Smart Start® provides easy starting and Air Injection makes the saw run stronger and longer. Heated handles increases comfort in cold conditions.

type:

gas

CCs:

73

horse power:

5.7

bar length:

18"

weight:

14.55 lbs

key features:

easy starting, vibration reduction, reduced emissions

target audience:

professional/logger

ideal application:

cutting firewood, logging, sawing thick trees, tree care

$879.95

Husqvarna

Husqvarna576 XP® WNew edition for professional use. Ideal felling and general logging saw. The 575XPW is engineered with X-TORQ delivering high torque even at low rpms. X-TORQ Technology also provides even more fuel efficiency than other saws in its class. The 575XPW will increase productivity and reduce fuellbs

target audience:

landowner/farmer

$279.99

Jonsered

JonseredCS 2245These saws are designed for landowners who appreciate turbo air cleaning, an anti-vibration system, and convenient functions such as Spin Start™, tool-free chain tensioning and a quick-release cylinder cover with snap lock. In addition, they feature Jonsered's latest engine technology: Clean Power. This gives the saw a high torque at low speeds, less emissions and lower fuel consumption compared to previous generations of engines.

Made in USA

type:

gas

CCs:

45.7

horse power:

2.9

bar length:

16"

weight:

10.8 lbs

key features:

easy starting, vibration reduction, reduced emissions

target audience:

landowner/farmer

ideal application:

cutting firewood, limbing, sawing small trees

$319.95

Jonsered

JonseredCS 2250SThese saws are designed for landowners who appreciate turbo air cleaning, an anti-vibration system, and convenient functions such as Spin Start™, tool-free chain tensioning and a quick-release cylinder cover with snap lock. In addition, they feature Jonsered's latest engine technology: Clean Power. This gives


on canvas.Always the same, always different.

Saturday, 14 December 2013

Two
years ago I visited The Broken Kilometer (1979) in New York at 393 West Broadway. Walter de Maria, American
sculptor, arranged five hundred highly polished,
pure brass rods, according to precise calculations. The total weight of his
installation is 18 ¾ tons. To me this is a unique place of solitude and silence, well hidden among endless
parades of stores. I like it when art reduces the speed of daily life, a place
for contemplation. This is a permanent installation; here some of the most expensive commercial real estate was held aside for a
unique experience of art.

Saturday, 7 December 2013

Hans de Bruijn recognises the romantic artist’s attitude - painterly recreating
a sublime perception in the paintings of Mark Rothko (1903-1970). He assigns a
deep methaphysical dimension inLike the proverbial wolf in sheep\'s clothing, B cells can hide the fact that they are harboring a dangerous autoreactive immunoglobulin (Ig) by displaying a second innocuous Ig. Casellas et al. (page 153) now reveal how these fluffy white villains come to exist and, rather worryingly, that there are potentially large numbers of them in our system.

Figure 1A surprisingly large number of B cells express two different Ig light chain alleles (red and green).

Transgenic B cells forced to express one self-reactive Ig allele can switch on a second nonautoreative Ig in a process called allelic inclusion. This second Ig appears to dilute the autoreactive potential of the cell. But it is unknown whether allelic inclusion, which defies the "one lymphocyte--one antibody" theory of B cell specificity, can occur


are required to account for the gamma-ray luminosity and duration of GRB 171205A. We also calculate the photospheric and non-thermal emission after the optically thick stage, which can fit the late-time X-ray, optical, and radio light curves. Our results suggest that the relativistic ejecta-CSM interaction can be a potential power source for low-luminosity GRBs and other X-ray bright transients.'
author:
- Akihiro Suzuki
- Keiichi Maeda
- Toshikazu Shigeyama
title: 'Relativistic supernova ejecta colliding with a circumstellar medium: an application to the low-luminosity GRB 171205A'
---

INTRODUCTION\[intro\]
=====================

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with unusually low gamma-ray luminosities are classified as low-luminosity GRBs (llGRBs) and are thought to comprise a distinct population from their cosmological counterparts. Although only a handful of nearby events have been known, their volumetric rate appears to be higher ($10^2$–$10^3$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$) than the beamingdecreases both for the forward and reverse shocks. The energy dissipated at the forward shock front is larger than that at the reverse shock front by more than one order of magnitude, indicating that the non-thermal emission from the forward shock dominates over the reverse shock counterpart. Because of the less significant contribution from the reverse shock, we only calculate the non-thermal emission from the forward shock in the following light curve modeling. The radiation energy of the shell continues to increase with time as long as the shell is optically thick. After the shell becomes optically thin, the shock dissipation no longer contributes to the increase in the radiation energy. Then, it decreases owing to the radiative diffusion and adiabatic cooling.

We use the radiative loss rate $\dot{E}_\mathrm{diff}$


by the gamma-ray light curve fitting. In this ejecta-CSM interaction model, the prompt gamma-ray emission probes the CSM extending up to $r\sim3\times 10^{13}$ cm from the center. While a relatively dense CSM is required in the immediate vicinity of the star, the CSM density beyond this region can be lower than expected by a simple extrapolation of the inverse square law, $\rho_\mathrm{csm}\propto r^{-2}$. The implication for this structure will further be discussed in Section \[sec:progenitor\]. Therefore, we explore the possibility that the CSM density drops beyond $r_\mathrm{out}=3\times 10^{13}$ cm, while keeping the inner CSM density fixed. In other words, we employ Equation (\[eq:csm\_double\_power\]) with reduced outer CSM densities $A_\mathrm{out}<A$. In Figure \[fig:broadband\_lc2\], we plot the multi-wavelength light curves with the outer CSM density of $A_{\mathrm{out},\star}=0.5$, which is smallerafter $t_\mathrm{obs}=10^5$ s. This may be improved by including radioactively powered thermal emission, which additionally provides seed photons for the inverse Compton emission. The radio light curves in several bands are also plotted in the bottom panel of Figure \[fig:broadband\_lc2\]. The flux density in each band initially rises and then declines in a power-law fashion, and its peak appears earlier for higher frequencies. These trends are common for young radio-emitting SNe, where the rising and declining parts correspond to optically thick and thin synchrotron emission, respectively [e.g., @2016arXiv161207459C]. The $100$ and $350$ GHz radio flux densities reach the peak values of $\sim 100$ mJy at $t_\mathrm{obs}=3\times 10^4$ s and $10^5$ s. The fluxes continue to decline with $\sim t^{-1.5}$ after the peaks. At $t_\mathrm{obs}\simeq 5\times 10^5$ s, ALMA


cooling, the electron energy spectrum follows $\gamma_\mathrm{e}^{-2}$, which leads to the inverse Compton spectrum with the photon index of $\Gamma_\mathrm{ph}=1.5$. The X-ray spectrum gradually softens with time and the photon index around $0.3$ keV becomes nearly $\Gamma_\mathrm{ph}\simeq2$ at $t_\mathrm{obs}=10^5$ s.

Some observational data at similar epochs, NOEMA [@2017GCN.22187....1D] and UVOT [@2017GCN.22202....1S], are plotted in Figure \[fig:sed\] and compared with the theoretical spectral energy distributions. For the X-ray emission, we have obtained time-sliced X-ray spectra in the $0.3$–$10.0$ keV energy range by analyzing the XRT data (see, Appendix \[sec:xrt\] for detail). The spectral fitting by an absorbed single power-law function have been performed and the results are summarized in Table \[table:fitting\]. The absorption corrected X-ray spectra for the three different time intervals, $t_\mathrm{obs}=10^3$ s to $10^4$ s, $10^4$ s toFor the density profile adopted in our model, Equation (\[eq:density\_profile\]), with $E_\mathrm{rel}=5\times 10^{50}$ erg, the mass of the relativistic component is only $M_\mathrm{rel}=4.5\times 10^{-5}\ M_\odot$. The total mass including the non-relativistic part is $0.63\ M_\odot$, while the total kinetic energy reaches $ E_\mathrm{tot}=1.4\times 10^{52}$ erg, leading to a much higher energy-to-mass ratio $E_\mathrm{tot}/M_\mathrm{tot}=2.2\times 10^{52}$ erg $M_\odot^{-1}$ and a much shorter diffusion time scale for photons in the non-relativistic ejecta than those inferred from the associated SN component. It is, therefore, highly likely that the relativistic ejecta are a distinct component from the non-relativistic SN ejecta rather than continuously connected density and velocity structure.

There are several proposed scenarios for creating ejecta moving at mildly relativistic speeds. Since ultra-relativistic jets are considered to be associated with the surrounding cocoon produced by


the jet-star interaction, the cocoon component overwhelming the star after the jet penetration is a plausible candidate [@2002MNRAS.337.1349R; @2005ApJ...629..903L; @2013ApJ...764L..12S; @2017arXiv170105198D]. Mildly relativistic ejecta can be produced even without the successful jet penetration, e.g., a jet choked in a massive star [@2011ApJ...739L..55B; @2012ApJ...750...68L] or in an extended envelope attached to the star [@2015ApJ...807..172N]. In the choked jet scenarios, the energy injected by the central engine is transported by the jet through the deep interior of the star and most of the energy is dissipated in outer layers of the star, realizing relativistic ejecta with a high energy-to-mass ratio. In the framework of the relativistic ejecta-CSM interaction, any putative scenario for llGRBs should be able to create relativistic ejecta with the properties constrained by the light curve fitting. Whetherthe New Prosperity and Morrison Lake rejections.

"When you enter the environmental-review process you have your mine design and relevant information, and things are supposed to proceed according to a schedule that leads to a decision," she says. "There needs to be more accountability and transparency in the time period between the application and that decision."

Bennett counters that his ministry is "working really hard internally" to figure out the problems the industry says exist with mine permitting.

The provincial government is circulating its second white paper on charging mining companies fees under the Mines Act, though it was recently announced those fees will not apply to exploration-stage projects.

Bennett says the feedback from the industry has been "conditional" and that companies are willing to pay associated fees to the ministry, as


geological mapping and mineral deposit studies. The project will cover an area over 20,000 sq. km, extending south from Vanderhoof and Fraser Lake, and west from Quesnel.

"I’m glad we can continue to recognize the importance of the program. I was minister when it was created, and I have to say there are a lot of allies within our government for the organization, and I think they do understand the importance," Bennett continues. "We’re really quite thankful we got anything this year, to be honest. I’m grateful to the finance minister because he was being pulled in a lot of directions, and had to say ‘no’ a lot more than he said ‘yes.’"

Despite the added funding for Geoscience B.C. and the lack of upcoming fees for exploration-stage companies, itconsisting of DMEM/Ham's F12, supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) (both Amimed), (100 units/mL) penicillin / (100 *mg*/mL) streptomycin (Pen-Strep), 2.5 μg/ml Amphotericin B (all Gibco) and 5 ng/ml recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, Peprotech --- LuBioScience), followed by media change three times per week. At 80% confluency, MSC were frozen and stored at - 150°C.

Phenotypic characterization of MSC
----------------------------------

Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (1 x 10^6^ cells) were plated in 10 cm-Primaria cell-culture dishes (Falcon) and cultured with growing medium. After 14 days, cell colonies were washed with PBS, fixed with 100% methanol, and stained with Giemsa solution (all these reagents were from Applichem).

Following cell culture expansion, CD44, CD90 and CD105 positive and CD14 negative MSC markers were analyzed by flow cytometry. Briefly, cells were incubated with