In the present article, we have used as a medicolegal example the decisions of an appeals tribunal concerning FM causation alleged to be a result of workplace injury, to identify common issues and challenges raised in the courts ([@b5-prm-19-287],[@b6-prm-19-287]). We have also sought clarification from the current literature on the relevant issues.

METHODS
=======

The decisions used in a previously published jurisprudential analysis of the Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal (ONWSIAT), hereafter the 'Tribunal', were reviewed to identify the challenges faced by the courts concerning FM as well as the factors perceived to weight the evidence ([@b5-prm-19-287]). Only the final decisions as written by the ONWSIAT adjudicators were available for the present analysis. Particular attention was devoted to the following four issues: confirmation of the diagnosis of FM andas a cause. This is particularly pertinent when an incident has not caused any physical damage, but is claimed to have triggered FM. An important concept that requires consideration in the adjudication of FM is the 'thin-skull doctrine', which acknowledges pre-existing conditions that may compromise health and confer vulnerability. Commentary on previous health status was lacking for one-quarter of the Tribunal decisions ([@b5-prm-19-287]). While not meant to deny compensation, the thin-skull doctrine rather acknowledges the fragility of some individuals and, thereby, can allow for fair assessment. Beyond causation, persistence of symptoms must be judged on two other fronts, namely additional contributing factors and the claimant's effort to mitigate the health condition.

The literature
--------------

While there is no well-defined cause of FM, up to one-third of individuals attribute onset to some


triggering event ([@b11-prm-19-287]). Factors to consider regarding causation include the nature of the event -- either physical or psychological -- and evidence for predisposition. Genetic factors may play a role; familial studies report FM diagnosis in one-quarter of blood relatives of FM patients ([@b12-prm-19-287]). Other possible contributing factors include some deficiency of the stress response system mediated via the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis; a susceptible psychological status; as well as previous adverse life experiences, particularly in childhood, which confer vulnerability ([@b13-prm-19-287]--[@b15-prm-19-287]). Thus, numerous interacting factors may be the setting for an event to trigger FM.

Injury, especially at work or in a motor vehicle accident (MVA), is often alleged as a reason for the onset of FM, but without clear explanation as to why this should be the case. Although mostis no evidence of factors other than the work-related injury that could have caused the injury, it would be unreasonable then to conclude that the fibromyalgia was not compensable" (2006 ONWSIAT 2964, para. 37). Specifically for FM, it should be stressed that the condition may occur spontaneously in up to two-thirds of individuals; therefore, the Tribunal's above-mentioned standpoint must be rejected ([@b11-prm-19-287]).

ARE SYMPTOMS SUFFICIENTLY SEVERE TO JUSTIFY DISABLEMENT AND COMPENSATION?
=========================================================================

The challenge
-------------

Paralleling increased public awareness of FM, there has been a significant rise in societal perception of disablement, with up to one-third of North American individuals with FM now claiming disability ([@b2-prm-19-287],[@b3-prm-19-287],[@b26-prm-19-287]). In an editorial that bears upon our analysis of ONWSIAT decisions, Hadler ([@b23-prm-19-287]) commented that individuals affected by FM seeking compensation must prove illness and, therefore, cannot


afford to get well. Functional impairment leading to claims of disablement may, thus, be closely aligned with lack of effort to mitigate health status in some claimants. Therefore, not only the documentation of symptoms and their severity, but also efforts to improve health should be important considerations in the adjudication of disablement due to FM.

The literature
--------------

When reliant on subjective report of symptoms to assess severity, the reliability of a claimant's report is critical. However, there is no consistent clinical method to assess the validity of self-reporting. Similarly, there is also no accurate method of establishing reliability of subjective report in the research setting. Tests of memory and effort of memory have been claimed to be a surrogate measure of reliability, but are not generally used in the clinicalin conditions that have subjective complaints and no biomarker. For FM, the current questionnaires used in the research setting are of questionable usefulness in clinical practice or the medicolegal setting, and should not be used to assess symptom severity ([@b47-prm-19-287]). Similar to narrative reporting of symptom severity, disease status questionnaires commonly used in the research setting to assess FM should reflect patient-perceived symptom severity, but may be answered to project accentuated symptom severity. Rather, function pertaining to daily activities, including leisure and health-related activities, should be examined. Recounting activities during a typical day may provide insight into daily functioning. The FM Guidelines have recommended that simple questioning combined with patient narrative is a reasonably reliable outcome measure for clinical practice.

A key question in adjudicating disablement is whether a


When recently reviewed by a specialist in internal medicine by means of a literature search identified as a "WSIAT literature search" and not further defined, no additional information or references were included. The reviewer stated that "this paper still provides a balanced overview of the medical knowledge in this area" ([@b48-prm-19-287]).

The literature
--------------

The courts increasingly recognize that they must be gatekeepers, preventing nonnexpert witnesses and unscientific evidence from being freely used. This will ensure that triers of fact appreciate issues such as validity, reliability and applicability of clinical tests and research questionnaires to real-world situations, while understanding the limitations of self-reporting of history and activity level. The admissibility of expert testimony has been exemplified in the courts by rulings of the Supreme Court of the United States (*Daubert v.z = q + -57. What is the lowest common multiple of 9 and z?
9
Suppose 0*z - 605 = -11*z. What is the least common multiple of z and 3?
165
Let i = 7255/2886 - -118/111. What is the common denominator of i and -91/34?
442
Suppose -5*l = -2*t - 0*l + 630, 313 = t - 2*l. Let i = 8029/436 + -18/109. Find the common denominator of t/(-10) - 0 - -4 and i.
4
Calculate the least common multiple of 75 and (-54)/(-4)*512/96.
1800
Suppose 5*w - n = -4*n + 385, -3*w - 5*n + 231 = 0. Find the common denominator of w/(-40)*(-3)/7 and 67/4.
40
Let g(r) = -6*r**2. Let a be g(1). Find the common denominator of 84/(-10)*30/(-12) and a/24*4/(-6).
6
Suppose 3*w - 7*w + 8 = 0. Suppose w*r


= 12. Let r = f - -38. Let p = r - 19. What is the least common multiple of p and 7?
77
Let g = 671 + -650. What is the least common multiple of g and 9?
63
Let q = -21 + 13. Let j = -14/457 + -13113/4570. Calculate the common denominator of j and (-1)/q*372/(-15).
10
Let p = 20351/6 + -3379. Find the common denominator of p and -37/18.
18
Let l = -27 + 45. Suppose 0 = -2*z + 10 - 2. Suppose -a + 5 = -q + 12, -z*a + 42 = 3*q. Calculate the least common multiple of l and q.
90
Let r = -151 - -158. Calculate the least common multiple of 4 and r.
28
Let k be 3 + 5/(20/(-8)) + 3. Suppose-5*x = 3*y - 51. What is the least common multiple of 11 and x?
99
Find the common denominator of ((-3171)/(-18))/(-7) + 1 and (35/(-30))/((-10)/(-45)).
12
Suppose -14*s - 27 = -5*s. What is the common denominator of -41/3 and s/(-12) - (214/24 + -2)?
3
Let d(j) = -3*j. Let c be d(-2). Let s = 5 - -7. What is the lowest common multiple of s and (-113)/(-5) - c/10?
132
Let o be (-28)/(-14) - (2 - 3). Suppose k - 2*c = 13, -5*c + 1 = o*k + 6. Let j(q) = 7*q - 3. What is the smallest common multiple of j(2) and k?
55
Let y(v) = 2*v - 9. Let a be y(6). Let t be (12/(-8))/(a/(-28)). Suppose -4*d + 8*d - t = -n, -d = 4*n -


a bit closer to the norm than the typical beauty pageant contestant's.

She is 5-8 and wears a size 4, she said; the average American woman wears a size 12, according to 2009 survey by Women's Wear Daily. She put her Body Mass Index at 18 percent; the average American woman's is 33 percent, according to a 2012 report from the Centers for Disease Control.

She said she ate well but not crazy well. "I like to fill my plate with vegetables and protein," she said. Protein — does that mean tofu? "No, not tofu! I like a good steak, or grilled chicken. I love fish."

She said she exercises, but not crazily. "I take my dog for walks, ride bikes, go on hikes," she said. "I jump rope, I doAspiration pneumonia: a ten-year review.
Aspiration pneumonitis is an important cause of many anesthetic and non-surgical deaths and complication. One hundred and eight cases from 1964 to 1974 were reviewed to study the factors associated with aspiration pneumonia. Forty surgical and 68 non-surgical patients were evaluated and compared. Predisposing factors included impaired consciousness, esophageal and neurological disorders, cardiac resuscitation, debilitation, presence of a nasogastric tube or tracheostomy. The most common findings in both groups were dyspnea, cough, cyanosis, fever, tachycardia, rhonchi, rales and wheezes. Sputa of 64 patients failed to reveal the precise etiologic agent. High mortality (30%) and morbidity were found in both groups even with optimum treatment. The causes of morbidity in both groups of patients were pneumonia, lung abscess, myocardial infarction, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and pulmonary embolus.


be skipped in order to restore the reading frame ^3^. While technically more difficult, multi-exon skipping is one method that could address these problems ^3,19^. Multi-exon skipping has previously been demonstrated in dystrophic dog and human cell lines *in vitro*. Additionally, *mdx52* mouse and canine X-linked muscular dystrophy (CXMD) dog models have been used for*in vivo*studies ^22,24-27^. Canine X-linked muscular dystrophy Japan (CXMD~J~) beagles were used here, as the reading frame of *CXMD*~J~ can be restored by multi-exon skipping of exons 6 and 8, or additional exons (*e.g.*, exons 3 - 9) (**Figure 1**). Beagle-based CXMD shares the same mutation pattern as the Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) model, but beagles are smaller and cheaper to maintain due to their body size, thus providing a useful model for DMDmixture of PBS with Tween 20 (PBST) and 5% milk powder for 2 hr.

9.  Dilute DYS-1 (primary antibody) in PBST and 5% milk powder mixture to a 1:100 dilution. Add it to the membrane and let it incubate for at least 1 hr. Wash three times with 100 ml PBST for 15 min each.

10. Add 65 µl/lane of HRP conjugated secondary antibody (anti-mouse IgG2a for DYS1) at 1:5,000 dilution for 1 hr at RT in a dark area. Then, wash with three times with 200 ml PBST for 20 min. Mix solutions from a detection kit as directed. Incubate for 1 min.

11. Develop film to detect bands and analyze with ImageJ software ^48,57,58^.

Representative Results
======================

***In Vitro*** **Experiments**

Myoblasts were transfected with various 2\'OMePS treatment conditions in order to compare the effectiveness of each


this figure.](https://www.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/53776/53776fig7large.jpg)

**Figure 8. Increased Dystrophin Expression in 2\'O-methylated Phosphorothioate (2\'OMePS) Transfected CXMD Myoblasts.**CXMD myoblasts were transfected with Ex6A alone or with cocktail 2\'OMePS. DYS-2 (red) and DAPI (blue) staining are shown. The treated myoblasts are compared to wild-type (WT) and non-treated (NT) myoblasts. Images are adapted with permission from Yokota *et al.* (copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons) ^40^. Bar = 50 µm. [Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.](https://www.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/53776/53776fig8large.jpg)

**Figure 9. Rescue of Dystrophin Expression with Intramuscular Injections of Morpholinos in CXMD Dogs.**Either Ex6A alone or a cocktail of Ex6A, Ex6B, and Ex8A were injected into the CT muscles of CXMD dogs. Dystrophin (DSY-1) staining of wild-type (WT), non-treated (NT), and treated CXMD dogs are shown. Dogs were either treated with 1.2 mg Ex6Aalone or 1.2 mg cocktail. Images are adapted with permission from Yokota *et al.* (copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons) ^40^. Bar = 100 µm. [Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.](https://www.jove.com/files/ftp_upload/53776/53776fig9large.jpg)

**Figure 10. Increased Dystrophin Expression After Systemic Cocktail Morpholino Treatment in CXMD Dogs.**Dystrophin (DYS-1) staining was used to compare dystrophin expression in wild type (WT) (positive control), non-treated (NT) (negative control), and CXMD dogs treated with 120 mg/kg morpholino cocktail (40 mg/kg of each AON). The morpholino cocktail contained Ex6A, Ex6B, and Ex8A. Dogs were injected intravenously 5 times weekly with this cocktail. A) A comparison of dystrophin expression in cranial tibial (CT) muscles of WT, NT, and treated dogs. B) A comparison of dystrophin expression in heart tissue between NT and morpholino cocktail-treated


old and our evidence suggests that attitudes may not have changed over time. Training GPs in drug misuse is known to change attitudes \[[@B22]\]; our data support the view that those with more training are more willing to provide naloxone to drug users although causality cannot be assumed. It was noted that the naloxone programme could 'easily' be added to the substance misuse enhanced care package.

The main motivating factor in one GP was the experience of a potentially avoidable patient death. This finding concurs with other evidence that experience of a DRD on the caseload of staff does cause a grief-related response \[[@B23]\]. Perhaps this type of experiential evidence could be used to motivate others.

Two models of delivery in general practice were presented in the survey and theachieving attendance can be challenging and training might need to be taken to practices. There may however also be a need to work with GPs who do not want to treat drug users or do not feel they have the time. Opportunistic naloxone prescribing with a brief intervention to those at risk could be delivered without much commitment to further involvement but only if these GPs were convinced it would be sufficiently safe and could save lives.

Enablers
--------

Training and the need for evidence supporting THN were considered very important by the majority of questionnaire respondents; most did not think it should be part of the core GP performance payment system, the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF). This view may reflect a reluctance to encourage all GPs to do something


in patients who had been removed from a practice list four or more times, 84% were substance misusers \[[@B26]\].

The negative attitudes of some GPs may underpin the lack of willingness to provide naloxone specifically but may also underpin the lack of willingness to have any involvement with drug users \[[@B21]\]. No recent published research has considered whether GPs stigmatise drug users as a patient group in this way although it is acknowledged that the phenomenon exists \[[@B27]\].

Conclusions
===========

There was minimal awareness among Scottish GPs of the naloxone programme. Current levels of knowledge and experience of DRD and naloxone use are low, and information needs are high. GPs classify naloxone provision as a specialist service and may therefore assume it is not part of their remit. However, there were signsvaluable-- the first two chapters of Das Kapittal." "The original?" "In the handwriting of Karl Marx." "Mmm." "I've already been in contact with a representative of the Soviet government." "They want the manuscript for the Marx Library in Moscow." "Once they are satisfied that it is genuine, they will pay a great deal." "Mm-hmm." "Well, judging from what happened tonight, they may be trying to get it for nothing." "Do you think they are the ones who are after me?" "Unless somebody else knows that you have it." "I do not believe so." "Do you think I could have another?" "Coming right up." "Two more martinis, dry, outside." "Sure thing." "(CAR DOOR CLOSES, ENGINE STARTS)" "Uh-huh." "Okay." "Thanks, Vivian." "Good morning, Peggy." "Well, there's your crossword." "Thank you."


"Good morning, Adam." "Hi, Peggy." "Come on in, Adam." "Hey, you're hard at work, I see." "Yeah." "What can I do for you?" "Well, I thought you two might like to have a little chat." "Oh?" "About what?" "About my wife." "Your wife?" "Joe Mannix, meet Don Ralph." "Mr. Ralph." "Mr. Mannix." "Please, sit down." "Mr. Mannix, I think it's possible you've already met her." "I meet a lot of people." "You'd remember her, Mr. Mannix." "Let me jog your memory a little bit, Joe." "His wife is the one Peggy's been making all the inquiries about." "Well, just a routine check, Adam." "Mm-hmm." "Why?" "Professional curiosity." "A case." "Mind telling me who your client is?" "Well, my, uh, client would rather remain anonymous." "Mr. Mannix, ten daysparts with cold water, brewed very slowly." "Now, there we are." "Now, who sent you?" "I told you." "Lisa Ralph." "Do me a favor." "Don't continue the deception." "Is it the men from Amsterdam?" "No." "Mr. Mannix, I know they're in the city." "I even know the flight number of the aircraft that brought them." "Sorry, but it's still Mrs. Ralph." "Why would she do that?" "She was doing extremely well in our direct negotiations." "Well, maybe after yesterday, she felt that, uh, indirect negotiations are a lot safer." "Yesterday?" "Mm-hmm." "Someone was after her." "Oh, you didn't know that." "Why?" "Should I?" "Now, look, we're wasting a lot of time." "I can prove I'm her representative." "(CHUCKLES) That would be very comforting, Mr. Mannix." "Easy now." "You


missing is a manuscript that she recently inherited from her father." "I thought Mrs. Ralph lived in San Francisco." "Oh, this place isn't hers." "She was staying with a friend." "The friend's name is Julia Stefan." "Who's the man?" "No idea yet." "I'll tell you one thing, though." "Whoever did it knew Lisa Ralph." "How do you figure that?" "Living room hasn't been touched." "The only signs of a struggle are in here." "So whoever did it came in here without any protest from Lisa." "Like a friend." "Like a friend." "Her real name is Julia Stefan, and the apartment is hers." "Find out how long she's lived there and anything else you can about her." "Get right on it." "You're gonna have to do better than that."I might just take the manuscript and refuse to release Eric Stefan?" "Yeah, the thought has occurred to me." "However, I intend to take certain precautions." "Such as?" "We'll discuss that at our next meeting." "(CHUCKLES) Where will that be, Mr. Mannix?" "I'll call you in an hour and let you know." "Oh, and, uh, be sure and bring the three pages, comrade." "We rent the safe-deposit box jointly, we both sign the signature card, and we both have keys." "That way, neither one of us can open the box without the other being present." "You don't trust me?" "Mmm." "♪♪ (LIEUTENANT TOBIAS WHISTLING)" "Oh, lunch." "I forgot all about that." "Sorry, Adam." "Yeah, well, we'll make it some other time." "Social visit?" "Antisocial." "Oh." "Well, uh, come


it was all right if I went back home." "It is all right unless Mr. Mannix here can change my mind." "His alibi isn't an alibi at all, Adam." "He didn't arrive in Los Angeles the day after the murder." "He arrived before the murder." "He found his wife and learned that she had inherited a valuable manuscript, and he started to make arrangements to sell it." "Can you prove that?" "I can." "You better go ahead." "Sunday, Mr. Ralph went to see his wife." "She wouldn't give him the manuscript, so he killed her." "But he couldn't find the manuscript in the apartment because it was in Lisa's car." "So he drove back to San Francisco, and then he returned to Los Angeles on the first flightdur : "8n", prob : 0.6},
		{time : "2:2 + 4t", note : "F2", dur : "8n", prob : 0.4}, {time : "2:2 + 4t*2", note : "F2", dur : "8n", prob : 0.9},
		{time : "3:0", note : "F2", dur : "4n + 8n", prob : 1}, {time : "3:2", note : "F2", dur : "8n", prob : 0.6},
		{time : "3:2 + 4t", note : "F2", dur : "8n", prob : 0.4}, {time : "3:2 + 4t*2", note : "B1", dur : "8n", prob : 0.9}]).start(0);

	bassPart.loop = true;
	bassPart.loopEnd = "4m";

	//SYNTH
	var synth = new Tone.DuoSynth({
		"vibratoAmount" : 0.5,
		"vibratoRate" : 5,
		"portamento" : 0.1,
		"harmonicity" : 1.005,
		"volume" : 5,
		"voice0" : {
			"volume" : -2,
			"oscillator" : {
				"type" : "sawtooth"
			},
			"filter" : {
				"Q" : 1,
				"type" : "lowpass",
				"rolloff" : -24
			},
			"envelope" : {
				"attack" : 0.01,
				"decay" : 0.25,
				"sustain" :


Anderson entered a conditional plea of guilty, reserving only his right to appeal the District Court's "Order regarding the denial of his ... Motion to Suppress Evidence and Statements Obtained on October 12, 2001." Finding that the argument raised on appeal falls within the scope of the appellate waiver, we exercise jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and DISMISS.

I. BACKGROUND

2
On October 12, 2001, an undercover Denver police officer and two uniformed officers arrived at a southwest Denver home in which they suspected occupants were manufacturing and distributing methamphetamine. When Mr. Anderson exited a truck in the driveway of that house, an undercover officer conducted a quick patdown search of him. After observing a methamphetamine pipe on the floor of the truck, the officer arrested Mr. Anderson forfor the first time on appeal — that the officer's allegedly improper patdown search, conducted before his arrest, invalidated his consent to search his residence. Mr. Anderson requests that we either exclude the evidence or remand the case for a hearing on whether the patdown search tainted the evidence so as to require its exclusion. We consider this issue below.

II. DISCUSSION

4
Although a defendant may not normally appeal his conviction after pleading guilty, "[w]ith the consent of the court and the government, a defendant may enter a conditional plea of guilty or nolo contendere, reserving in writing the right to have an appellate court review an adverse determination of a specified pretrial motion." Fed.R.Crim.P. 11(a)(2). The primary question, therefore, is whether Mr. Anderson's plea agreement reserved this improper-patdown argument,


"conditionally preserves for appellate review only the district court's adverse rulings on specified pretrial motions." Id.

11
More specifically, we follow the rule set forth by the Seventh Circuit in United States v. Doherty, 17 F.3d 1056, 1058 (7th Cir.1994), where that court addressed a virtually identical issue to the one at hand. In Doherty, the defendant pleaded guilty, reserving only the right to appeal the denial of his motion challenging the sufficiency of his indictment. The challenged motion claimed only that the indictment failed to allege properly a violation of the statute to which he pleaded guilty. On appeal, the defendant challenged the sufficiency of his indictment with arguments not raised in his district court motion.

12
The Doherty court dismissed the appeal, finding that it fell outside the scope ofwaives all other nonjurisdictional claims.").

13
This is not a novel concept. We have held in non-appellate-waiver cases that a party may not raise on appeal specific theories he did not present before the district judge. For example, in United States v. Abdenbi, 361 F.3d 1282, 1288-89 (10th Cir.2004), we refused to consider on appeal specific suppression-of-the-evidence theories not presented to the district court, even though the parties had raised a different suppression-of-the-evidence argument below.

14
Applying that principle here, we find that Mr. Anderson did not preserve the improper-patdown issue for appeal. The plea agreement preserves only Mr. Anderson's right to appeal "the Court's May 2, 2002 Order regarding the denial of ... his Motion to Suppress Evidence and Statements Obtained on October 12, 2001." Neither the order nor Mr. Anderson's


*/
  JSAMPARRAY color_buf[MAX_COMPONENTS];

  /* Per-component upsampling method pointers */
  upsample1_ptr methods[MAX_COMPONENTS];

  int next_row_out;		/* counts rows emitted from color_buf */
  JDIMENSION rows_to_go;	/* counts rows remaining in image */

  /* Height of an input row group for each component. */
  int rowgroup_height[MAX_COMPONENTS];

  /* These arrays save pixel expansion factors so that int_expand need not
   * recompute them each time.  They are unused for other upsampling methods.
   */
  UINT8 h_expand[MAX_COMPONENTS];
  UINT8 v_expand[MAX_COMPONENTS];
} my_upsampler;

typedef my_upsampler * my_upsample_ptr;

/*
 * Initialize for an upsampling pass.
 */

METHODDEF(void)
start_pass_upsample (j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
{
  my_upsample_ptr upsample = (my_upsample_ptr) cinfo->upsample;

  /* Mark the conversion buffer empty */
  upsample->next_row_out = cinfo->max_v_samp_factor;
  /* Initialize total-height counter for detecting bottom of image */
  upsample->rows_to_go= cinfo->output_height;
}

/*
 * Control routine to do upsampling (and color conversion).
 *
 * In this version we upsample each component independently.
 * We upsample one row group into the conversion buffer, then apply
 * color conversion a row at a time.
 */

METHODDEF(void)
sep_upsample (j_decompress_ptr cinfo,
	      JSAMPIMAGE input_buf, JDIMENSION *in_row_group_ctr,
	      JDIMENSION in_row_groups_avail,
	      JSAMPARRAY output_buf, JDIMENSION *out_row_ctr,
	      JDIMENSION out_rows_avail)
{
  my_upsample_ptr upsample = (my_upsample_ptr) cinfo->upsample;
  int ci;
  jpeg_component_info * compptr;
  JDIMENSION num_rows;

  /* Fill the conversion buffer, if it's empty */
  if (upsample->next_row_out >= cinfo->max_v_samp_factor) {
    for (ci = 0, compptr = cinfo->comp_info; ci < cinfo->num_components;
	 ci++, compptr++) {


ImageMagick, try this;
<?php
function resize_image($file, $w, $h, $crop=FALSE) {
    $img = new Imagick($file);
    if ($crop) {
        $img->cropThumbnailImage($w, $h);
    } else {
        $img->thumbnailImage($w, $h, TRUE);
    }

    return $img;
}
resize_image(‘/path/to/some/image.jpg’, 150, 150);

Intraoperative cardiac arrests in adults undergoing noncardiac surgery: incidence, risk factors, and survival outcome.
Intraoperative cardiac arrest (ICA) is a rare but potentially catastrophic event. There is a paucity of recent epidemiological data on the incidence and risk factors for ICA. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence, risk factors, and survival outcome of ICAs in adults undergoing noncardiac surgery. The authors analyzed prospectively collected data for all noncardiac cases in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from the years 2005 to 2007 (n = 362,767). The incidence of ICA was 7.22 per 10,000 surgeries. After adjustment for American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status and other covariates, the odds of ICA increased progressively with the amount of transfusion (adjusted odds ratios


= 2.51, 7.59, 11.40, and 29.68 for those receiving 1-3, 4-6, 7-9, and ≥ 10 units of erythrocytes, respectively). Other significant risk factors for ICA were emergency surgery (adjusted odds ratio = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.45-2.86) and being functionally dependent presurgery (adjusted odds ratio = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.69-3.22). Of the 262 patients with ICA, 116 (44.3%) died within 24 h, and 164 (62.6%) died within 30 days. Intraoperative blood loss as indicated by the amount of transfusion was the most important predictor of ICA. The urgency of surgery and the preoperative composite indicators of health such as American Society of Anesthesiologists status and functional status were other important risk factors. The high case fatality suggests that primary prevention might be the key to reducing mortalityversus baseline. There was a positive correlation between plasma campesterol and TC both before (r = .54, P = .027) and after (r = .63, P = .009) treatment. Plasma TC and TG levels did not differ between groups receiving 40 or 80 mg/d simvastatin. Simvastatin treatment reduced circulating TC, LDL-C, and TG by 40%, 50%, and 33% (P<.007), respectively. There was no significant effect of simvastatin on plasma HDL-C, but the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio increased 1.3-fold (P<.0001). In conclusion, this HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor reduces the plasma campesterol level, a marker of cholesterol absorption, which may contribute to the mechanism by which simvastatin decreases circulating cholesterol levels.


led to the defusion of melodramas of beset manhood. Everyone remembers this, right? Also this?

4 comments:

Great post! Thanks for your kind words and excellent question at the talk. I think this question of DH's nerdiness deserves some deep discussion. For now I want throw a little more fuel on the fire: the overlap between the nerdy and the "serious" as in "serious literature." I did some work on this question during the Franzenfreude debate after the publication of Freedom--you might enjoy checking this out.

So my question is, who wields theory? Someone responded that we all theorize. Sure, that's nice, but capital-T Theory is a carefully cordoned and patrolled domain, with its own language, etiquette, and conventions. By separating theory into its own camp, I fear we're precluding the2.7

A:

You must specify the type for Completer.
import 'dart:async';

Future<String> readResponse(HttpClientResponse response) {
  var completer = Completer<String>();
  var contents = StringBuffer();
  response.transform(utf8.decoder).listen((data) {
    contents.write(data);
  }, onDone: () => completer.complete(contents.toString()));
  return completer.future;
}


entered; and then force formula execution.  For example cell B9:
Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range)
    Dim B9 As Range
    Set B9 = Range("B9")
    If Intersect(Target, B9) Is Nothing Then Exit Sub

    Application.EnableEvents = False
    With B9
        If Left(.Value, 1) = "=" Then
            .NumberFormat = "General"
            .Value = .Value
        Else
            .NumberFormat = "@"
        End If
    Endmany backup options when it comes to planning for an event that will happen on a certain day no matter what. See if the venue you are using has an indoor facility that you could move everything into in the case of extreme weather or look into other locations nearby. Sometimes a tent just won’t be able to cut it if there is a lot of wind or rain. Also, create a phone tree or an emergency email list so that you are able to inform all your guests where the event has been relocated. You don’t want grandma showing up to the wrong location! You want your guests (and you!) to have an amazing time at your event and no matter what happens be it rain, wind


"compelling need for the material," Howell wrote. "Tipping the scale even further toward disclosure is the public's interest in a diligent and thorough investigation into, and in a final determination about, potentially impeachable conduct by the President described in the Mueller Report."

The judge also threw cold water on Trump's and his loyalists' claims that the impeachment inquiry is illegitimate and unconstitutional because the House hasn't officially voted to open a formal inquiry.

"Even in cases of presidential impeachment, a House resolution has never, in fact, been required to begin an impeachment inquiry," Howell wrote.ROS production could aid in the development of new anticancer strategies.

This work was partially supported by a funding from the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research (B11-027).

Δ*ψ*:

:   Transmembrane electric potential difference

DCF:

:   2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescein

H~2~DCF:

:   2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein

H~2~DCF-DA:

:   2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate

FET:

:   Forward electron transport

KRH:

:   Krebs-Ringer-HEPES buffer

RET:

:   Reverse electron transport

ROS:

:   Reactive oxygen species.

![Influence of rotenone on ascorbate-induced increase of \[Ca^2+^\]~cyt~ in HEp-2 cells. Concentration of ascorbic acid in KRH---5 mM. Number of cells in 1 mL---2.5 × 10^6^.](JBP2012-921653.001){#fig1}

![Influence of antimycin A on the ascorbate-induced Ca^2+^ release from HEp-2 cells mitochondria. Concentrations in KRH: ascorbic acid---5 mM; antimycin A (*μ*M): 1---0, 2---10, 3---15. Number of cells in 1 mL---3 × 10^6^. The arrow shows the instant of ascorbate addition.](JBP2012-921653.002){#fig2}

![Influence of ascorbic acid and rotenone on the Ca^2+^ release


Army officers
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"[a]ccordingly, it is appropriate that a final judgment issue here containing a mandatory injunction to arbitrate."  789 F.Supp. at 1242.   But on the separate document submitted for his signature as the judgment of the District Court, Judge Brieant drew a line through the sentence that would have read:  "ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that plaintiff's complaint be and hereby is dismissed."   The judgment, as entered, ordered only arbitration and did not dismiss the complaint.   The docket entries, however, reflect that the case was "closed" on May 21, 1992.

Discussion

5
When Congress in 1988 added a new provision governing appeals of orders concerning arbitration, see Pub.L. 100-702, tit.  X, § 1019(a), 102 Stat. 4642, 4670-71 (1988), codified at 9 U.S.C. § 16 (Supp.III16(b)(3).3

9
We see no jurisdictional significance to the docket entry marking the case as "closed," which we will assume was made for administrative or statistical convenience.   See Corion Corp. v. Chen, 964 F.2d 55, 56-57 (1st Cir.1992) (direction of district court "that the case be 'administratively closed' pending arbitration ... [not] equivalent to a final judgment of dismissal");  Campbell v. Dominick & Dominick, Inc., 872 F.2d 358, 360 (11th Cir.1989) (order closing case for statistical purposes did not render action final).   The closing of the case without an adjudication of the complaint did not place the complaint in some sort of jurisdictional limbo and did not render the arbitration order available for immediate appeal.   The complaint in the embedded action, not having


First labels the smokefree move as “hypocrisy” while also rounding up the media and political

Android smartphones across the globe are now being infected by a new malware called Judy, soon after the WannaCry ransom attack hit PCs. The Judy malware makes use of infected android devices to perform large number of fraudulent clicks on advertisements, thereby generating revenues for those behind it. Check Point on its blog noted that this malware has affected around 8.5 to 36.5 mn users till now. While there has

With the whole of the U.K. being shaken by the increasing threat of terrorism, the call to fine internet giants who fail to moderate social media contents has stirred up. On Sunday, May 28, 2017, the security minister of the U.K., Ben Wallace, suggested that2-3 "initial peaks" within the first 8 h. The highest of these immediately preceded the climb to the definitive maximum value. We conclude that the small size of the peaks in the CK-MB time curve is due to a different mechanism of enzyme release.


"developer": "Developer DEF",
  "releaseDate": "2015-01-01",
  "platforms": ["Xbox","Playstation"]
}

However this assumes they don't need the IDs or whatever other information may be associated with those platform objects.
I asking in general what is the best way to structure your JSON objects returned from your API. Should you try to stay as close to your entities as possible, or is it fine to use Domain Objects or Data Transfer Objects? I understand the methods will have trade offs, either more work on the data access layer or more work for the client.
I would also like to hear an answer related to using Spring MVC as the backend technology for the API, with either JPA/Hibernate or MyBatis for persistence.

A:

This is one of those basic questions when it comes to REST APIstill return the value that it wanted to modify in the first place. Can anyone help shed light on this?

A:

The answer is very simple. The nature of atomic functions is that they modify (increment in this case) the actual value at the time of execution which might be different from the value as your code knew it.
example:
x = 5; // x is global
y = atomically_increment(x);
// what is y?

Now, if x happened to be changed from 5 to 6 right before increment actually took place, y would be equal to 6, and x to 9.

A:

To expand on Sergey's answer...
I look at fetch-and-add to be something similar to a semaphore; except the fetch-and-add call makes everything an atomic operation.  Here is an example of an algorithm that shows


propels things into potentially-quite-exciting new territory — but with the guy who brought Shelly Bond into IDW in the first place, Chris Ryall, now out the door, I get the feeling that the entire Black Crown imprint might be hanging by a thread. I know they’ve got a couple of new mini-series already announced, and good for them, but this is a damn fickle comics marketplace these days, and anything can happen. I’m fairly certain that I’d like to see more of this comic — the story’s been up-and-down, sure, but when it’s worked, it’s come as close to achieving that ephemeral “vintage Milligan” vibe as anything we’ve seen in at least a decade, and Fowler’s art has been consistently up to the task of delineating the unreliable-by-designTo accommodate different equipment combinations of scales, display screens, keyboards, printers, etc. as well as different layouts of store counters and checkout stations, suitable support stands for different installations could be custom-fabricated. However, a modular building-block system from which a support column can be assembled to meet the specific requirements of a given application appears to be preferable as a more cost-effective solution. Indeed, the present state of the art offers good examples of such modular support systems, which will be discussed below.
Food equipment, i.e. equipment used in the processing and handling of food products in industrial, commercial and institutional establishments, has to meet specific sanitary requirements, which are set down for example in the U.S. standard “NSF/ANSI 2—Food Equipment”. These sanitary aspects include, among others, the general


vertically adjustable connecting collar, a horizontal slide arm to which the display panel is connected. The position of the display panel can be adjusted by changing the vertical distance of the connecting collar from the pole foot and by sliding the panel horizontally on the slide arm. The range of vertical adjustment can be extended with one or more additional tubular sections designed as modules with mating connections. However, at least the video display mount proposed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,717,506 does not appear to be designed to meet the aforementioned food equipment standard NSF/ANSI 2. In particular the mechanism of the horizontal slide arm gives the impression of being difficult to clean.
A modular mounting system for retail terminal equipment such as touchscreen panels, printers and credit card      TimeAdj_ms.getSelectionModel().select(null);
        TimeAdj_sec.getSelectionModel().select(null);
        TimeAdj_input.setText("");

        TimeAdj_hour.getSelectionModel().selectedItemProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<String>() {
            @Override
            public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends String> observable, String oldValue, String newValue) {
                ParsingSelection();
            }
        });
        TimeAdj_min.getSelectionModel().selectedItemProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<String>() {
            @Override


@return
     */
    private String clean(){
        String res="";

        String[] list= startController.inputset.getText().split("\n");
        for (String temp:list){
            if(temp==null||temp.equals("")||Pattern.compile("[0-9]*").matcher(temp).matches()||tu.TimelineCheck(temp))
                continue;
            else
                res+=temp+"\n";
        }
        return res;
    }

    public void onHandleTimeline(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
  Let f(x) = 5*x**3 - x**2 + 3*x - 1. Give f(b).
6
Let t(g) = 10*g**3 - 4*g + 3. Suppose 5 - 36 = m + 4*i, -2*m - 3*i = 22. Calculate t(m).
9
Let s(m) = m + 3. Let b = 149 - 145. Suppose y - b*v + 0*v - 8 = 0, 20 = -5*y + 5*v. Calculate s(y).
-5
Let f = -239 - -244. Let z(v) = -v - 5. Let x be z(-7). Let d(c) = -c**x + 7 - 3 + f*c - 7. Give d(5).
-3
Let f(h) = -h**3 + 12*h**2 + 9*h - 22. Let u = -5412 + 5424. What is f(u)?
86
Let u(x) be the first derivative of x**3 - 2*x**2 - 6*x + 611. Determine u(-2).
14
Let r(o) = o**2 -


n(c) = m*i(c) - 4*h(c). What is n(-8)?
-14
Let q(b) = -57*b - 3819. Let s be q(-67). Let m(x) = 7*x - 3*x - 9 - 2*x. Calculate m(s).
-9
Let w = -30 - -86. Let h be (6 - 120/(-2)) + -5. Let j = w - h. Let o(q) = -q**3 - 6*q**2 - q - 3. Give o(j).
-23
Let h(r) = 10*r + 13. Let y(a) = 7*a + 9. Let c(b) = 5*h(b) - 7*y(b). Suppose 2*q + 20 = -2*q + 2*z, 0 = q - z + 7. Determine c(q).
-1
Let w(f) = 4*f**3 - 3*f**2 - f - 13. Let p(v) = -5*v**3 + 2*v**2 + 12. Let d(y) = 3*p(y) + 4*w(y). Suppose -5*n + 23 = -12. Determine d(n).
5
Let f(k) = 2*k**2derivative of -3*q**5/20 - q**4/6 + 5*q**3/3 + 12*q**2 - q - 9. Determine w(2).
-34
Let a(s) = -s**3 + 10*s - 1. Let m be a(3). Let f(j) = -6*j - m*j + 1143*j**2 - 4 - 574*j**2 - 568*j**2. Give f(11).
29
Let g(b) = -17*b - 11. Suppose -19*t + 14*t = -4*u, 1 = u + 1. What is g(t)?
-11
Let t = 150 - 35. Suppose 0 = 9*z - t - 56. Let i = z + -15. Let a(j) = j**2 - 3*j + 2. Determine a(i).
6
Let j be ((-68)/(-20) - 3)*5*-1. Let b(g) = -2*g - 99 + 46 + 54. Give b(j).
5
Suppose 0 = -0*u - 5*u + 5*k + 430, -u + 76 = -3*k. Let z be 52/7 - 39/u. Let


interinstitutional agreement.
Finally, I can only express our hopes for a dialogue on these issues. We shall continue to look for the most appropriate, effective and cost-effective method to deal with these necessary issues to try to establish some common rules and a common set of good governance principles for the agencies.
(The sitting was suspended at 5.20 p.m. and resumed at 5.35 p.m.)
President
As I explained earlier, the sitting was suspended because Parliament's work was running ahead of time for the first time in this legislative period.
(view video tutorials). Students can take advantage of a variety of built-in premium learning supports such as translation and search. They can create their own Playlists and build their vocabulary (what is supported?) with built in exercises and translation tools.

Why Capti?

It's FREE for students and inexpensive for schools, and it has free updates

Uses the best sounding text-to-speech voices in multiple languages

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Has dedicated customer support service ready to help

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Capti Voice has provided the East Hampton School District with a viable solution for students with disabilities, ENL students,


Uninvited Guests

He found himself at the bottom of the stairs. Where was he? How did he get there? He blinked at the bright light that a nearby lamp cast. Then in a rush it all came back to him. The police. The gun on the bed. The body of the girl on the floor. The blood staining the carpet a crimson red. He had run for his life.

He stood and stretched his arms above his head. Sighing he walked into the kitchen and got out a Coke and a sandwich from the previous night. He sat down at the table. The sun was shining through the window warming his back and casting a warm golden light on the kitchen floor. He was sixteen years old. His name wasplace to put our plan into motion.”

“What plan? What is this place?”

“You are standing in an old ritual sacrifice chamber. Witches used to practice devil worshiping here. These designs on the walls are symbols of their alliance to the devil. Our plan is to either kill you or make you see the horrors that you did to us.”

As he stared a young girl appeared in front of him. There was a hole in her chest and he realized that it was the girl he had accidently killed. She gazed at him with reproach in her eyes.

“NO! It… It can’t be!”

“Yes Victor I’m here as well. Did you think that a child who is killed doesn’t stay on Earth? How silly of you to think that. Why did you


half gives Sanders an advantage.

Success for the Vermont senator's campaign in upcoming primaries would likely put more pressure on his Democratic rival and could impact delegate support heading into the nominating convention, Devine added.

"If you are the front-runner in a nominating process, even if you have a significant delegate lead, that delegate lead -- with pledged delegates -- can become very soft if you don't continue to win," he said, alluding to a possible shift in support benefiting Sanders.

Under Democratic Party rules, Devine contended, delegates must "fairly reflect the expressed sentiments of voters who participate in primaries and caucuses." Noting that some states have laws binding delegates to certain votes, however, he questioned their enforcement.

"The Democratic Party rule will define what happens in this instance and that ruleAug 2018--05:00
11 Aug 2018--09:00
12 Aug 2018--06:00
12 Aug 2018--06:00

A:

Try to use below code:
def get_content(driver,url):
    driver.get(url)
    dates = len(wait.until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#tournamentTable tr.center.nob-border"))))
    for d in range(dates):
        item = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector("#tournamentTable tr.center.nob-border")[d]
        try:
            idate = item.find_element_by_css_selector("th span[class^='datet']").text
        except Exception: idate = ""
        for time_td in item.find_elements_by_xpath(".//following::td[contains(@class, 'table-time') and not((preceding::tr[@class='center nob-border'])[%d])]" % (d + 2)):
            try:
                itime = time_td.text


    DispatchQueue.main.async {
            let direction2GN = CGFloat(self.angle2U) - direction2G
            let final_transform = CGAffineTransform.identity.rotated(by: direction2GN)
            self.compass_view.transform = final_transform
            self.optionbutton1.transform = compass_view.transform.inverted()
self.option_button2.transform = compass_view.transform.inverted()
self.option_button3.transform = compass_view.transform.inverted()
self.option_button4.transform = compass_view.transform.inverted()
self.option_button5.transform = compass_view.transform.inverted()

        }
    }

A:

You should rotate buttons back.
You can use inverted() for that. For example:
let transform = // your CGAffineTransform
view.transform = transform
button1.transform = transform.inverted()
...
button5.transform = transform.inverted()

Or:
button1.transform = yourRotatedView.transform.inverted()
...
button5.transform = yourRotatedView.transform.inverted()

sensor accuracy since devices of the same wafer are likely to exhibit a similar response \[[@B14-sensors-18-04087]\].

Alternatively, one could calibrate at additional reference temperatures in a small climate chamber only for those sensors required for the experiment. Therefore, the user decides whether the increase in accuracy is worth the increased cost. The objective of this paper is to improve the accuracy of a low-cost digital smart temperature sensor (ds18b20) by correcting for the nonlinear response at multiple temperature references. Three key aspects of the sensor performance will be studied in the subsequent sections: (i) accuracy relative to the original claims by the manufacturer, (ii) repeatability of the measurement at a constant reference temperature and (iii) improvement of calibration accuracy by correction of the nonlinear temperature response of the sensor.

In


\propto - c\left( T \right)$. A slight asymmetry of curves in [Figure 1](#sensors-18-04087-f001){ref-type="fig"}b suggests a limitation of the truncation in the Taylor series to only the second-order in Equation ([5](#FD5-sensors-18-04087){ref-type="disp-formula"}). Consequently, knowing the curvature correction enables an enhanced calibration for sensors beyond that of the one reference temperature used in production.

2.2. Measurement Procedure {#sec2dot2-sensors-18-04087}
--------------------------

An outline of the measurement procedure is as follows:**Measure** all the output sensor temperatures for each calibration reference temperature.**Calculate** the temperature offset correction between sensor measurements and reference temperatures.**Best fitting** second-order polynomial are calculated from the measured temperature offsets (step 2).**Evaluate** the residual errors at each reference due to the best fitting curve.

2.3. Experimental Arrangement {#sec2dot3-sensors-18-04087}
-----------------------------

A schematic representation of the experimental arrangement is shown in [Figure 2](#sensors-18-04087-f002){ref-type="fig"}, and images in [Figure 3](#sensors-18-04087-f003){ref-type="fig"}. The principal partssensor's ability to output the same temperature value while measuring a fixed climate chamber over a period of time is defined as its repeatability. This assumes that the variability of the climate chamber is significantly smaller than that of the packaged sensor. Importantly, the values we obtain are significantly lower than the level of ±0.02 °C.

Our results demonstrate that temperature measurements of the climate chamber are repeatable within a standard error on the mean of approximately three times less than that of the sensor at its most sensitive setting of 12 bits, i.e., a standard of error on the mean of approximately 0.02 °C for a sensor resolution of 0.06 °C. Consequently, we can be certain that our measurements closely predict the sample mean. It is important to


queue
      ajaxOpts.complete = function() {
        // fire the original complete if it was there
        if (oldComplete) oldComplete.apply(this, arguments);

        next(); // run the next query in the queue
      };

      // run the query
      $.ajax(ajaxOpts);
    });
  };

})(jQuery);

Example Usage
So, we have a
 which has some
 that we want to copy (using ajax!) to the

// get each item we want to copy
$("#items li").each(function(idx) {

    // queue up an ajax request
    $.ajaxQueue({
     I can teach my little brother and sister, right mom?? So, i will do my best.

Maybe next time I’ll send you a letter again to tell my experiences here. And if I get a free schedule, I will go home, wait me mom..

Keep your health there and don’t forget to pray for me. Because your pray is the most important thing in the world that can make me have a big spirit to get my dream. And I promise I will not make you dissapointed, I try to make you proud of me. See you mom… Take care your health there..And say hay to papa and my little brother and sisteer..


for 3 yards and if you break one great, but at least you got 3. Instead we are passing off blocks (Which don't get picked up) and stuttering at the line looking for a hole that is never there. Lower your head, put your body on someone and push for 1 step. When we pass, we look for option routes and try to confuse the D, which is faster than is, instead of setting up designed routes with timing, running those and throwing it away if it's not there. On D, we play so far off the line, AT EVERY POSITION, and try to react to what the offence does. Even when we read it right, and tackle it right they are 4 or 5 yards downfield. Wehave is passing it makes it far easier to scheme for you from a defensive perspective. See Texas Tech (4-5) who is #5 in the nation in passing, but just #79 in rushing. On the other hand look at Oklahoma (5.5 p/rush) and Oklahoma State (4.96 p/rush) who are both among the top passing teams in the nation but who also hover around the 200-215 yard mark (on average) in rushing. Auburn has better balance between the two phases of offense averaging 229 passing and 237 rushing (5.0 p/rush) each game. Rushing has to be a part of the equation and that will never change.

Now that doesn't mean that a traditional Pro Style of Offense can't be successful, it can. But it is more difficult to recruit and


gain some sort of slight advantage.

Now that's moving goal post. According to Rude1 you cannot win with smash mouth 3 yards in a cloud of dust football. however Bama's D is the reason they are winning games by such lopsided margins. Not their O

You mean the 2010 team that had Knile Davis who lead the SEC in rushing among RB's? That team? The team that held the ball for almost 9 minutes in the 4th quarter to ice the game against LSU in the Rock? That non-physical football team??

Just because we could throw the ball all over the field doesn't mean we weren't physical. Those teams under CBP could do whatever the hell they wanted...except against LSU and Alabama in 2011. And we didn't give up 500 yardsphysical football. Do you think physical football is limited to the o-line? No. And that is not what Marcus Spears is talking about. Marcus Spears played against Nutt coached teams. Even when they were mediocre they would hit you in the mouth. So would Fordís teams. Nuttís 2006 team would have beaten the snot out of BPís teams. 2010 was as close as BP got to a complete football team.

Hogville is full of people who donít understand college football.

This is all 100% accurate. Totally agree. Don't like giving Nutt credit for anything but his teams did play hard. Defense was tough under Nutt and they swarmed to the ball. Have not done that many games during Bielema's time here.

We loss our identity as soon as Bielema was named


coach. Iím certain that I will get negative feedback from this, but you show me a nice guy who become friends with his players and I will show you a loser coach!! Heís too laid back and that rubs off onto the players. I never liked the hire; never understood it! Why do we hire a coach from the Big 10 when the Big 10 wins 1 out of 3 games against SEC. I want a coach that eats, sh#% and sleep football!!!!!

We loss our identity as soon as Bielema was named coach. Iím certain that I will get negative feedback from this, but you show me a nice guy who become friends with his players and I will show you a loser coach!! Heís too laid backon to everything you do (And I can't let you, let me down again)Everyone's caught on to (And I can't let you, let me down again)And everyone's caught on to everything you do (And I can't let you, let me down again)Everyone's caught on to (And I can't let you, let me down again)


infusions. Four patients (28.6%) had no response and the protocol was stopped. Three patients (21.4%) experienced mild immediate hypersensitivity reactions, which were controlled, two patients (14.2%) experienced severe immediate hypersensitivity reactions, leading to interruption of the treatment and one patient developed a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Our induction of tolerance protocol allows some patients who have experienced severe or repetitive infusion reactions to infliximab to be safely retreated with the drug in a hospitalized setting, with a clinical response achieved in a majority of these patients.time.

Carter in pre-op

Chuck took Carter in to pre-op while I got Audrey off to school and Evelyn dropped off at a friend's house. I'm grateful for a wonderful group of preschool mom friends that are my village in times like this. I was able to make it to the hospital shortly after Carter went into the OR. Chuck was with him until he went to sleep and then met me in the waiting room.

They needed to use more sedation than anticipated. He had a tough time waking up as a result. But here he is in post-op giving me a thumbs up.

After some time in recovery, a snack and some juice he was looking more himself and ready to go home. We had a fantastic nurse that had


Give prob of sequence yely.
1/546
Three letters picked without replacement from {w: 7}. What is prob of sequence www?
1
Calculate prob of sequence ufo when three letters picked without replacement from ofrrrsbfoofufrbsfuo.
20/2907
What is prob of sequence cck when three letters picked without replacement from bbkktwttkwbcbgkwc?
1/510
Calculate prob of sequence ff when two letters picked without replacement from {t: 1, f: 2}.
1/3
What is prob of sequence vvcc when four letters picked without replacement from vvccccc?
1/21
Two letters picked without replacement from {t: 1, h: 2, p: 1, z: 5, j: 3}. Give prob of sequence jz.
5/44
What is prob of sequence fg when two letters picked without replacement from {q: 6, m: 1, g: 2, f: 3}?
1/22
Calculate prob of sequence nn when two letters picked without replacement from {i: 2, n: 3}.
3/10
Calculate prob of*n + 4 for j.
-1
Solve 12127*j - x - 5 = 12128*j, 3*x = 6*j - 6 for j.
-1
Solve -15*n = -4*q + 21, -3*n + 3*q + q + 15 = 0 for n.
-3
Solve 3*j - 60 + 57 = 4*l, -2*j = 2*l - 2 for j.
1
Solve -5*z + 2 = -x + 18, 6*x + 24 = 0 for z.
-4
Solve 46 = -4*g - 3*l, 15*g - 8*l - 152 = 11*g for g.
2
Solve t + 24 - 18 = -2*k, 4*t + 7811*k = 7809*k for t.
2
Solve 8 - 11 = -n - 5*b, -5*n + 3*b = -15 for n.
3
Solve -u = -3*l - 66, -3*u = -528*l + 527*l - 22 for u.
0
Solve -2*v = o - 3, 68*o - 260*v =


- 66 = 160*t - 3*b, 0 = 3*b for t.
-3
Solve -3*y + 2*v - 62 + 54 = 0, -4*y = 2*v - 8 for y.
0
Solve -24 = -f - 0*w - 4*w, -146 = -f - 3*w - 129 for f.
-4
Solve -3*m - 3 = 4*t, 5*m + 387*t + 5 = 388*t for m.
-1
Solve -3*l - 12 = 0, 11 = -5*d + 21*d - 19*d - 5*l for d.
3
Solve -3*c - 67565*m - 15 = -67566*m, 4*c = m - 20 for c.
-5
Solve -5*g - 116 = -d - 60, -3*d = g + 24 for d.
-4
Solve -3*d - 61 = -4*l, 2*l = -41 + 67 for d.
-3
Solve -i + 2*t + 11 = 0, i - 15148*t + 31 = -15152*t foro.
3
Solve 3*p - 28 + 38 = 2*f, -3*f - 2*p - 11 = 0 for f.
-1
Solve -6*y - s = 34, 808*y - 3*s - 42 = 811*y for y.
-4
Solve -3*c = 5*s - 62, -52 = -603*s + 599*s for c.
-1
Solve p - 18 = -5*w, 2*w = -28319*p + 28317*p + 4 for p.
-2
Solve -m - 33 = -5*x, -m = -39*x + 37*x + 18 for m.
-8
Solve -11 = r - 3*u, -78 = -2*r - 145*u + 131*u for r.
4
Solve -5*b - 47 = 3*v, 4*b + 24*v = 19*v - 35 for b.
-10
Solve 4*b - 116 = -n - 96, 3*b - 15 = -n for n.
0
Solve 0 = 11*g + 4*z - 5639 + 5726, -z - 3 = -g for


There are a number of moral and spiritual issues at work in the recent forced removal of a passenger from a United Airlines flight. While the majority of the condemnation falls on United Airlines, the actions of the passenger himself are not beyond reproach. I want to weigh in on this discussion because I do think that our faith, not just our sympathies or emotions, should influence how we see issues like this that go “viral.” Clearly, the video of a paid customer being dragged off a plane, demonstrates both moral and prudential failures. I would like to discuss three issues related to the event.

ISSUE #1

I would argue that the most important underlying issue is the common practice in the airline industry of overbooking flights. While I understandpreserve both safety and order on planes. This has elevated importance due not only to the precarious nature of flight but also to the “close quarters” in airline cabins. At some point the common good demands that we comply with the instructions of those who have rightful authority over the situation.

The man in question defied the authority of not only the cabin crew, but also the police. While emotionally we may want to applaud his resistance to the injustice, his refusal ultimately delayed the flight for everyone and endangered others.

Injuries to others could easily have resulted from the physical struggle in the cabin. While I am glad to hear that in fact no one else was hurt, this was more a case of good fortune than that it


Avian- and mammalian-derived antibodies against adherence-associated proteins inhibit host cell colonization by Escherichia coli O157:H7.
To evaluate the potential for polyclonal antibodies targeting enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) virulence determinants to prevent colonization of host cells by E. coli O157:H7. Rats and laying hens were immunized with recombinant proteins from E. coli O157:H7, EspA, C-terminal intimin or EscF. Rat antisera (IgG) or chicken egg powders (IgY) were assessed for their ability to inhibit growth and colonization-associated processes of E. coli O157:H7. Mammalian antisera with antibodies to intimin, EspA or EscF effectively reduced adherence of the pathogen to HeLa cells (P<0.05) and prevented type III secretion of Tir. Similarly, HeLa cells treated with chicken egg powder containing antibodies against intimin or EspA were protected from EHEC adherence (P<0.05). Neither egg norframe 13 is disposed above the CPU-mounting seat 12 for covering the CPU-mounting seat 12, and has a pivot side 130 formed with a pair of pivot lugs 131 for engaging respectively a pair of pivot holes 111 formed in the first coupling side 110 of the lower mounting frame 11, and a free side 133 opposite to the pivot side 130 and formed with a tongue 132. The engaging rod 14 has a pivot rod portion 141 connected pivotally to the second coupling side 112 of the lower mounting frame 11, and an operating rod portion 143 perpendicular to the pivot rod portion 141. In use, the engaging rod 14 is rotatable on the mounting frame 11 between an anchoring position, where the tongue 132 on the


Although many published prediction models are not put into practice, EWSs are used widely, probably more than any other type of clinical prediction model. Despite extensive development and increasing uptake, comprehensive reviews of EWS articles in the past decade have been lacking. Systematic reviews are needed that assess the methodological and reporting quality of papers describing the development and validation of EWSs. External validation studies, which are vital for assessing the generalisability of EWSs, need to be systematically evaluated. Existing systematic reviews of EWSs have mostly concentrated on predictive performance, but have hinted at methodological flaws.[@ref23] [@ref24]

Hospital patients will probably have their vital signs and other parameters measured several times during their hospital stay, therefore the available datasets might include multiple measurements (or observation sets) for each patient.tool.[@ref28] The items for extraction were based on the CHARMS (critical appraisal and data extraction for systematic reviews of prediction modelling studies) checklist,[@ref29] supplemented by subject specific questions and methodological guidance. These items included study design characteristics, patient characteristics, sample size, outcomes, statistical analysis methods, and model performance methods.

Items extracted from studies describing the development of EWSs included the following (for an explanation of some of the technical terms, see [box 1](#box1){ref-type="boxed-text"}): study design (retrospective, prospective), details of population (eg, when and where data were collected, age, sex), method of development (eg, clinical consensus, statistical approach), predicted outcome and time horizon, number and type of predictors, sample size, number of events, missing data approach, modelling approach (eg, type of regression model, method used to select variables, handling of


such as the Brier score and R^2^, were not reported in any of the studies.

Because of the heterogeneity of outcomes and time horizons used in the validation studies, and the relative lack of head-to-head comparisons, we did not quantitatively synthesise performance metrics for specific EWSs.

### PROBAST risk of bias assessment

We assessed risk of bias for each study, focusing on participant selection, predictors, outcomes, and analysis ([fig 5](#f5){ref-type="fig"}). Participant selection was at low risk of bias in 42% of studies and at high risk of bias in 55%. For the remaining studies, risk of bias was unclear. Predictors were at low risk of bias in 91% of the studies, and at high risk in 5%. Outcomes were at low risk of bias in 31% of studies, and at highrisk in 66%. The analysis methods were at high risk of bias in all but two studies (98%).

![Summary of risk of bias in four domains of 95 studies developing or validating an early warning score, assessed using PROBAST (prediction model risk of bias assessment tool)](gers053616.f5){#f5}

Discussion
==========

Our review of 95 published studies found poor methods and inadequate reporting in most studies that developed or validated EWSs. Problems were observed across all aspects of study design and analysis. We found that handling of statistical issues, such as missing data and regression modelling approaches, was inadequate. Few studies assessed calibration, an essential aspect of model performance, and no study assessed clinical utility using net benefit approaches.[@ref124] Many studies also failed to report important details, such as sample size, number of events, population


the uncertainty about missing data to be accounted for by creating multiple imputed datasets, then appropriately combining the results from each dataset. Before implementing multiple imputation the likely missing data mechanism should be thoughtfully considered. If imputation is appropriate, the setup of the imputation model should also be carefully considered (eg, the handling of categorical and skewed variables), and fully reported.[@ref136]

### Use appropriate outcome measures and time horizons

The included studies used a variety of outcome measures and time horizons to develop and validate EWSs. Both development and validation studies frequently used death and unanticipated intensive care unit admission, along with a variety of composite outcomes that included these outcomes. Some debate exists about which outcome measure is most appropriate.[@ref27]

We found that 39% of development studies and 52% ofassessed calibration used weak methods that are not recommended. Only four articles (5%) presented the preferred approach to assess calibration, the calibration plot.

We recommend that both discrimination and calibration be assessed in external validation studies, in line with TRIPOD recommendations. Calibration should be assessed with a plot that compares predicted and observed risks, with a smoothed curve plotted using LOESS (locally estimated scatterplot smoothing) or similar methods, such as fractional polynomials or restricted cubic splines.[@ref151] Other metrics of calibration such as the intercept and slope should also be reported.[@ref152] Many EWSs are currently based on an integer scoring system. For example, NEWS ranges from 0 to 20 points. Calibration of an integer scoring system cannot be assessed because it relies on the model producing predicted probabilities. Overall performance


SD)**                                        24.8±6.34 (range: 14--48)
  **Age (years)**                              \<20        43 (22.0)[\*](#nt101){ref-type="table-fn"}
                                                         39.4±3.0 (n = 127)                                               38.4±3.2 (n = 30)                             39.1±2.9 (n = 97)                39.5±3.9 (n = 59)   38.8±2.9 (n = 51)   39.2±3.0 (n = 59)   39.8±3.2 (n = 47)


                   NA
                                                    [g](#nt120){ref-type="table-fn"} *p*-value   0.66[f](#nt118){ref-type="table-fn"}       1.0[f](#nt118){ref-type="table-fn"}       0.02[\*](#nt117){ref-type="table-fn"} [f](#nt118){ref-type="table-fn"}truce.

Still, the two sides remain at odds over the shape of a final deal. Hamas says any truce must include a guaranteed end to Israel's eight-year blockade of Gaza, while in Israel there are calls for any deal to include the demilitarisation of the Gaza Strip.


of success?” [Sun News, Byline, 9/21/12]

18. Johnson claimed that Romney “factually” said that “47% of America is dependent on the government” [Sun News,Byline, 9/21/12]

19. Johnson attacked the Romney 47% video as “some hidden tape video that was completely illegally done. It's a distraction, that's all it is. The media and the Obama campaign - they're panicking.” [Sun News, Byline, 9/21/12]

20. Johnson said the Obama administration response to Benghazi attack was to move “as swiftly as possible to cover it up” [Sun News, Byline, 10/10/12]

21. Johnson claimed that he's not a conspiracy theorist but said that CIA director David Petraeus' resignation “seem[s] politically expedient” because “a week before he's about to go in and hammer the administration on Benghazi, and the CIA for the intelligence failures that they encountered2002 [@elliot03a]. Around the same time, the surface ice had become redder, and also brighter around the northern pole as it came more into sunlight [@buie10a; @buie10b]. Many of these results were surprising, such as changes in albedo over as little as a year, and darkening of the southern regions, contrary to expectations if ices have been sublimating from here most recently.

The atmosphere and surface must be strongly coupled, since sublimation of ices supplies the atmosphere [@schaller07 e.g.], and so as the composition of the surface changes seasonally [@buie10a; @buie10b], the gas abundances should also evolve. Atmospheric temperatures of around 100 K [@elliot03b] are much warmer than the surface at only 40 K [@tryka94]. This requires a complex thermal balance controlled by the relative abundances of molecules that absorb


gas should be chemically stable even at large altitudes, and at low densities, cloud models imply that it will stay in the gas phase. CO ice could only form if seed particles existed – akin to noctilucent clouds on Earth, where highly supersaturated water can condense out on rare solid particles, such as meteoritic dust raining in from space. Such interplanetary dust is however sparse out in the Kuiper Belt [@landgraf02]. @rannou09 proposed cloud decks lower down in Pluto’s atmosphere, with droplets of CO or N$_2$ that could explain an extinction layer [@elliot03a]. However, heterogeneous nucleation (i.e. chemical reactions on a surface leading to increase of the droplet volume) is only efficient inside a limited temperature interval, and it yields no droplets above heights of $\sim$30 km induring operation, in particular when a depilation operation is to be carried out in the region of a body cavity or an inner curve of the body. It was found with the known depilation device, furthermore, that the depilation means thereof are comparatively badly visible during operation of the device, so that a directional application of the depilation means to hairs to be removed can be carried out with insufficient accuracy, which renders a fast and satisfactory depilation operation more difficult.
The invention has for its object to avoid the problems described above, or at least to reduce them to such an extent that no adverse influences occur as in the known depilation device, and to provide an improved depilation device.
To achieve the above object, the characteristics as defined


(25 AFAP + 50 EZ)
2 fly/2 back/2 free

100 EZ

3 x (50 back AFAP w/fins + 200 EZ)

Went 26, 25.5, 25ish

These are the fastest 50 backs that I can recall doing in a solo practice. Think I went faster once at Mason with a real person timing me.

100 EZ

Total: 3000

How'd I do, Ande?
______________________________________

I am being strongly *urged* to participate in a coed tri relay at the Savageman Triathlon next September. At least the water at Deep Creek is clean, although very very cold. This could be somewhat comical ... I don't have any excuse that it interferes with a meet though ... It might interfere with a rematch of Geek 9:27 I guess, although Geek, in abject fear, has apparently sworn off the 100 back for life. Julie O.Done for the year. Originator of the rumor is the New York Daily News.

It's sad that everytime Rose laces his shoes he has to throw out the disclaimer that he's not returning this year for the playoffs. He's only said that about 100 times and someone still has to restart that rumor.

Spurs fans have to be getting bored. 15 in a row, mostly blowouts, and they're up 19 at the half in Denver.

You just have to flat out respect what that organization has done for the past decade +

Consistently overlooked because of their non-flashy, workman-like style.

Rarely spoken about as the favorite in recent years. Always looked at as "too old."

Yet year after year they are just a great basketball team. Last year and this year in particular, with


Before Ohio State started construction on the $365 million project that is now the completed North Residential District, the university had to keep clear its side of High Street.

To do so, Ohio State paid a neighboring church almost $13 million in 2013. It might seem like a lot of money, but the decision helped create a 34-percent revenue increase years later when sophomores were required to live in the newly built residence halls.

While the east side of High Street is quickly filling with brand new multi-story apartment complexes from Lane Avenue all the way south to 9th Avenue, the west side of the street that constitutes campus has remained neatly under Ohio State’s control — except for the small lot that St. Stephen’s Episcopal Church sits on, atduration of the contract in the form of installments. T-Mobile’s CEO John Legere also stated that the carrier will not be adversely affected by these changes. What do you guys think? Will this affect your decision to sign on with T-Mobile for your next device?


Synchronization of circadian rhythms of house sparrows by oral melatonin: effects of changing period.
House sparrows (Passer domesticus) whose circadian rhythms of locomotor activity and feeding had been abolished by pinealectomy were held in constant dim light and periodically exposed to melatonin in the drinking water. By alternating 8 h of melatonin water with variable phases of tap water, rhythms with periods (T) ranging from 21 to 27 h were produced. When melatonin was administered in rhythms with periods of 23, 24, and 25 h, feeding and locomotion behavior of most birds were rhythmic and synchronized with the exogenous melatonin rhythm. The rest phase coincided approximately with the phase of melatonin availability. Under melatonin cycles < 23 h and > 25 h, fewer birds had synchronized rhythms. Nonsynchronized birdsscroll down on the site above, one notices the statue of the Pieta and Latin phrase "And the Word was made Flesh", in the bus...good old days of Malta.

Tuesday, 13 March 2012

On the Indwelling of the Holy Trinity: thoughts for Lent

Theophoroi” or God-bearers. When was the last time you heard a sermon on the Indwelling of the Trinity? I referred to this Truth of the Catholic Church before on this blog, but I return to it today after several discussions with lay friends who had never heard of this before.

Garrigou-Lagrange is my basis for explanation, but we have the Fathers of the Church, and the Scriptures as the foundation of all following teaching. The great Dominican synthesizes centuries of teaching. I am not going to emphasize the Indwelling


have appropriated love correctly. Gethsemane and Eden meet.All real love is God. Here is one of St. John's treatises on love.

1 John 4:7-21Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition

7 Beloved, let us love one another; for love is of God, and he who loves is born of God and knows God. 8 He who does not love does not know God; for God is love. 9 In this the love of God was made manifest among us, that God sent his only Son into the world, so that we might live through him. 10 In this is love, not that we loved God but that he loved us and sent his Son to be the expiation for our sins. 11 Beloved, if God so loved us, we also ought tolove one another. 12 No man has ever seen God; if we love one another, God abides in us and his love is perfected in us.

13 By this we know that we abide in him and he in us, because he has given us of his own Spirit.14 And we have seen and testify that the Father has sent his Son as the Savior of the world. 15 Whoever confesses that Jesus is the Son of God, God abides in him, and he in God. 16 So we know and believe the love God has for us. God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God, and God abides in him. 17 In this is love perfected with us, that we may have confidence for


treatment outcomes \[[@pone.0229792.ref005], [@pone.0229792.ref056]--[@pone.0229792.ref058]\]. Patients in this group were eligible for recruitment if they met the inclusion criteria detailed in [Table 2](#pone.0229792.t002){ref-type="table"}. Convenience sampling was employed as feasibility trials demand fluid recruitment and follow up with good participant retention \[[@pone.0229792.ref035], [@pone.0229792.ref044], [@pone.0229792.ref050], [@pone.0229792.ref059]\]. Convenience sampling was used as this method has the advantages of fluid recruitment. To minimise selection bias, patients fitting the eligibility criteria were recruited consecutively \[[@pone.0229792.ref060]\]. Patients interested in participating were provided with a participant information sheet ([S3 File](#pone.0229792.s003){ref-type="supplementary-material"}) explaining the rationale, content and research dissemination plans. Inclusion within the trial was entirely voluntary, with no incentives offered to participants to minimise bias \[[@pone.0229792.ref044], [@pone.0229792.ref050]\]. The APP answered patient queries and contact details for the research team were provided if the APP was unable to      ActivPal 3 Accelerometer                                           Anecdotal evidence suggests that decreasing sedentary behaviour in people with LBP may have significant health benefits \[[@pone.0229792.ref057]\], reducing risks of obesity, metabolic syndrome, type two diabetes and mortality \[[@pone.0229792.ref077]\]. Systematic reviews have revealed that physical activity of people with LBP is lower or equal to the healthy population \[[@pone.0229792.ref029]--[@pone.0229792.ref031]\], however there appears to be differing patterns of physical behaviour, with the back-pain population engaging in shorter bouts of physical activity which are not long enough to incur


definitive trial, it was suggested that posters and social media posts might encourage patient interest. Administrative staff could be utilised to highlight potential participants when booking appointments and provide patients with participant information leaflets prior to seeing the APP. APPs across both city-based sites recognised the risk associated with participants using data collection equipment unsupervised, fearing that there was potential for theft or damage. Patient's literacy was highlighted as a potential barrier to independent completion of the online outcome measures surveys, and thus a barrier to recruitment of a sample representative of the LBP population. All APPs highlighted that due to restricted consultation time in FCP practice, the use of research assistants to recruit and consent participants identified by the APP during consultations, could further optimise recruitment rates.participants on the re-application should dressings become unsealed or cause a skin reaction. For future trials it was recommended that peer support and clinical mentorship would be essential for new prescribers and less experienced APPs. This would ensure best practice and assist in managing variation in clinicians' confidence to prescribe.

2. Data collection, outcomes and measures {#sec034}
-----------------------------------------

1.  Data collection tool and accelerometery

    All of the APPs agreed that the outcome measures within the survey were suitable and encompassed the majority of the multi-faceted dimensions of LBP. Two of the APPs recommended that tools evaluating sleep, lifestyle and confidence with global physical activity could further improve the richness of data collected in a full trial. Although the APPs recognised that the outcome measures within the survey


  "Well, that was another thing that I remember flashed across my mind at the time. If it had come off, did it matter where it was put back on? You know, does it have to go back in exactly the same place, or could you move it?" (Participant 3)
  "It did for about the first couple of days but then you forget about it, so I thought, "Well, there's no point deliberately doing anything," because that's not giving a true thing." (Participant 1)


Both patients and APPs advocated for the use of research assistants to aid with trial recruitment, consent and follow up administration. To improve retention, participants recommended reminder telephone calls and one-to-one appointments where participant literacy levels limited completion of follow up surveys. Further, it was proposed that research assistants would improve retention by acting as a consistent point of communication, encouraging smooth participant flow through the trial.

Previous literature has linked the use of a combination of recruitment and follow up strategies, with improved retention rates \[[@pone.0229792.ref105], [@pone.0229792.ref107]\]. This improvement is attributed to sustained, frequent contact with participants as they move through a trial. Adequate statistical power and good external validity rely on sufficient participant numbers \[[@pone.0229792.ref044], [@pone.0229792.ref105], [@pone.0229792.ref106]\]. As loss to follow up in this feasibility trial wasis required for the assessment of non-specific LBP \[[@pone.0229792.ref028]\]. As optimal tools are not defined in the literature, the primary and secondary outcome measures were selected and agreed upon by a group of clinical and academic experts. The appropriateness of the selected outcome measures for use in a full trial were evaluated. All APPs and patients agreed that the outcome measures were suitable and acceptable. However, the patients recommended that the option of completing the survey on paper would be beneficial for those with limited access to email or poor IT skills. Data demonstrated graduated improvements in pain, function, disability and activity over the 12-week assessment period, mirroring the trends for medium and low risk LBP reported in the literature \[[@pone.0229792.ref092], [@pone.0229792.ref093], [@pone.0229792.ref097]\]. No floor effects were detected


across the outcome measures used. 100% data completeness was achieved by using an online survey. Data collection via an online survey was deemed acceptable and feasible by both the clinicians and patients, supporting the literature that demonstrates better and quicker response times with fewer missing responses across both open and closed survey questions \[[@pone.0229792.ref108], [@pone.0229792.ref109]\].

This feasibility trial aimed to evaluate participant compliance through assessments of wearing an accelerometer alongside the ease of fitting the devices and data collection. Treatment effect was not assessed. Participants fitted with accelerometers achieved 100% compliance and 100% data completeness, demonstrating feasibility of use in a full trial. All participant returned the accelerometer in person, therefore the feasibility of returning the device by post was not formally evaluated. Participants and APPs reported that thethis feasibility trial as APPs were recruiting

Follow-up - As all participants returned Accelerometers in person the trial has not demonstrated the feasibility of using postage as a follow-up method which should be acknowledged in the text.

Qualitative Interviews - Patients

Clarify if the n=6 participants were compliers or drop-outs and if compliers, how reasons for drop-out will be identified and dealt with in the definitive trial. Clarify also if all three clinics were represented in this group of participants.

Discussion

Eligibility criteria -

Discuss the implications of including all three STarT back subgroups in a definitive trial as proposed. What is the proposed sample size for a definitive trial?

State the proposed long-term follow-up time point(s) being considered for a definitive trial.

Explain how the prescribing practice of APPs was recorded in this feasibility trial


login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email us at <figures@plos.org>. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.

10.1371/journal.pone.0229792.r004

Author response to Decision Letter 1

9 Feb 2020

See attached response to reviewers doc.

######

Submitted filename: Response to reviewers.docx

######

Click here for additional data file.

10.1371/journal.pone.0229792.r005

Decision Letter 2

Fleckenstein

Johannes

Academic Editor

© 2020 Johannes Fleckenstein

2020

Johannes Fleckenstein

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the

Creative Commons Attribution License

, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

14 Feb 2020

Independent Prescribing by Advanced Physiotherapists for Patients with Low Back Pain in Primary Care: a feasibility trial withany billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at <authorbilling@plos.org>.

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With kind regards,

Johannes Fleckenstein

Academic Editor

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Additional Editor Comments (optional):

Reviewers\' comments:

10.1371/journal.pone.0229792.r006

Acceptance letter

Fleckenstein

Johannes

Academic Editor

© 2020 Johannes Fleckenstein

2020

Johannes Fleckenstein

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the

Creative Commons Attribution License

, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in


the state trial judge.  No reason has been shown, however, to justify imposing upon the proceedings a judicial determination that the offer the state presently has on the table reflects presumptively vindictive retaliation against the accused for proving that he was the victim of the unconstitutional ineffectiveness of his retained counsel.

20
I would return the proceedings to the trial court for a hearing requiring the state of Tennessee to show cause why the original two-year plea offer should not be reinstated, but without the application of any presumption in the matter because it is evident from the record before us that the state's twenty-year plea offer does not "pose a realistic likelihood of vindictiveness."    Goodwin, supra;  Blackledge, supra.

21
Turner, 858 F.2d at 1209-10.

22
No light isrealize projective models of the twistor spaces of all Joyce metrics, as conic bundles over the minitwistor spaces. Then we prove that for any one of these minitwistor spaces, there exist Moishezon twistor spaces [*with only $\mathbf C^*$-action*]{} whose quotient space is the given minitwistor space. This result generates numerous Moishezon twistor spaces which cannot be found in the literature (including the author’s papers), in quite explicit form.
author:
- Nobuhiro Honda
title: A new series of compact minitwistor spaces and Moishezon twistor spaces over them
---

 Introduction
=============

By the fundamental theorem of the twistor theory initiated by R. Penrose, there is a natural one-to-one correspondence between self-dual conformal classes on a 4-manifold, and twistor spaces over the 4-manifold. N.J.Hitchin [@Hi81] showed that there is a different but similar one-to-one correspondence between Einstein-Weyl


associated to the twistor spaces of Joyce metrics
====================================================================

We first recall basic properties of Joyce metrics and their twistor spaces. For each $n\ge 1$, Joyce metrics on $n\mathbf{CP}^2$ are uniquely determined by the following two data. One is a diffeomorphism type of an effective $K$-action on $n\mathbf{CP}^2$, where the $K$-action becomes the conformal isometry group of Joyce metrics. Here, we say that two $K$-actions on $n\mathbf{CP}^2$ have the same diffeomorphism type if there exists a $K$-equivariant diffeomorphism of $n\mathbf{CP}^2$. For each $n$, the number of diffeomorphic types of effective $K$-actions on $n\mathbf{CP}^2$ is finite. The other data is a set of different $(n+2)$ real numbers which actually determines a Joyce metric. For fixed diffeomorphism type of $K$-action on $n\mathbf{CP}^2$, two Joyce metrics on $n\mathbf{CP}^2$ determined by $\{\lambda_1<\lambda_2<\cdots<\lambda_{n+2}\}$ and $\{\lambda'_1<\lambda'_2<\cdots<\lambda'_{n+2}\}$i\le n+2\}$ coincides with the set of $G$-invariant twistor lines on $Z$.

In the proposition, if a Joyce metric is not a LeBrun metric (with $K$-action), we can replace $|F|^G$ by just $|F|$. Note also that the toric surface $S$ is uniquely determined by the diffeomorphism type of $K$-action on $n\mathbf{CP}^2$. The conformal invariant corresponds to the place of reducible fibers of $|F|^G$.

Let $S$ and $C$ be as in the proposition. By (iii), we can write the cycle $C$ as $$\label{cycle1}
C=\sum_{1\le i\le n+2} C_i+\sum_{1\le i\le n+2} {\overline}{C}_i.$$ Here we are giving a numbering satisfying $C_i C_{i+1}={\overline}{C}_i{\overline}{C}_{i+1}=1$ for $1\le i\le n+1$. Of course, this numbering is determined only up to cyclic permutations (applied to the whole of $C$) and reversing the orientation. We make a distinction between $S_i^+$ and $S_i^-$


(Note that the latter 2 curves are effective by the inequality .) (i) Its movable part is free (ii) The image of the associated holomorphic map is a conic in $\mathbf{CP}^2$. (iii) The holomorphic map coincides with the $G_1$-quotient map .

[**Proof.**]{} This is entirely elementary. Actually, removing the maximal common curve $mC_1+m{\overline}C_1+\sum_{i=2}^{n+2}(m-k_i)(C_i+{\overline}{C}_i)$ from , we obtain the 3 curves $$\sum_{2\le i\le n+2}k_iC_i+\sum_{2\le i\le n+2}k_i{\overline}{C}_i,\,\,
\sum_{2\le i\le n+2}2k_iC_i,\,\,\sum_{2\le i\le n+2}2k_i{\overline}{C}_i.$$ respectively. These are exactly $f+{{\overline}f},2f$ and $2{{\overline}f}$ respectively. From this all the claims (i)–(iii) follow immediately. [$\square$]{}

With this proposition, for the twistor spaces of any Joyce metrics, we are going to obtain generators of a subsystem of $|mF|$ whose associated map gives a (meromorphic) quotient map for the twistor space with respect to the prescribed subgroup $G_1$. ($m$ will beprecisely once (by ). Since the number of $l$ satisfying $i_l\le i\le j_l$ has to be exactly $k_i$, the claim follows. Then by , this means $Y|_S=mC+f-{{\overline}f}$. Further, since ${\overline}{C}=C$, ${\overline}{Y}|_S=mC-f+{{\overline}f}$ holds. Hence by Proposition \[prop-mt2\], $Y|_S$ and ${\overline}{Y}|_S$ belong to the system $|mK_S^{-1}|$. Since the restriction map $H^2(Z,\mathbf Z)\to H^2(S, \mathbf Z)$ is always injective, this means that $Y$ and ${\overline}{Y}$ belong to the system $|mF|$. By the choice, (i) and (ii) are clear.

Next we show (iii). To see this, we notice that after applying Procedure (A) $(m-1)$ times, all entries of the resulting sequence become $1$. Thus for the final application of (A), we have $i=2$ and $j=n+2$. Namely in this final application, $S_1^+$ and $S_{n+2}^-$ are chosen. Further, since $k_2=k_{n+2}=1$ as is already remarked, these


$u_i=e_i\otimes {\overline}{e}_i\in H^0(F)$. We adopt $\{u_1,u_{n+2}\}$ as a basis of $H^0(F)^G$. Let $0=\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\cdots,\lambda_{m+1}$ be a sequence of real numbers satisfying $u_i=u_1-\lambda_iu_{n+2}$ and put $\lambda_{m+2}=\infty(=-\infty)$. Then either $\lambda_1<\lambda_2<\cdots<\lambda_{m+2}=\infty$ or $\lambda_1>\lambda_2>\cdots>\lambda_{m+2}=-\infty$ holds. For $0\le i\le m$ we put $z_i=u_1^iu_{n+2}^{m-i}$ and use $\{z_0,z_1,\cdots,z_m\}$ as a basis of $V_m$. Then the rational normal curve $\Lambda_m$ is written in the form .

Since the divisor $Y\in |mF|$ is a sum of degree one divisors as in Proposition \[prop-mt3\], its defining section is a product of $e_i$ and ${\overline}{e}_i$ $(1\le i\le n+2)$, where $e_i$ or ${\overline}{e}_i$ is selected iff $S_i^+$ or $S_i^-$ is contained as an irreducible component of $Y$ respectively. (If $Y$ contains $S_i^+$ by multiplicity $l_i$, then $e_i$ is selected $l_i$ times.) Let $z_{m+1}$ be a defining section of $Y$ obtained in thisway, and put $z_{m+2}={\overline}{z}_{m+1}$. Then by Proposition \[prop-mt4\] and Definition \[def-w\], $\{z_0,z_1,\cdots,z_{m+2}\}$ is a basis of $W_m$. Moreover, by Definition \[def-m\_i\], we have $$\begin{aligned}
z_{m+1}z_{m+2}&=c\, (e_1{\overline}{e}_1)^{l_1} (e_2{\overline}{e}_2)^{l_2}\cdots(e_{n+2}{\overline}{e}_{n+2})^{l_{n+2}}\label{key1}\\
&=c\,u_1u_{2}^{l_2}u_3^{l_3}\cdots u_{n+1}^{l_{n+1}}u_{n+2}\\
&=c\,u_1(u_1-\lambda_2u_{n+2})^{l_2}(u_1-\lambda_3u_{n+2})^{l_3}\cdots (u_1-\lambda_{n+1}u_{n+2})^{l_{n+1}}u_{n+2},
\label{dcp1}\end{aligned}$$ where $c$ is a non-zero real constant which can be taken as either $1$ or $-1$. Then expanding and using the relation $l_1+l_2+\cdots+l_{n+2}=2m$, we obtain that the right-hand side of can be written as a quadratic polynomial $Q$ of $z_0,z_1,\cdots,z_m$ with real coefficients. (Of course, $Q$ is determined only up to the defining ideal of $\Lambda_m$. But it is explicitly computable since $l_1,\cdots,l_{n+2}$ are computable.) Thus we obtain (iv).

Finally (v) is immediate since by (iv) $\mathscr T$ is an intersection of the rational normal scroll of 2-planes parameterized by $\Lambda_m$ whose degree is $m$, and the quadratic hypersurface . [$\square$]{}

We


note that $\{\lambda_1,\cdots,\lambda_{n+2}\}$ in the proof is nothing but the conformal invariant of Joyce metrics. Note also that $l_2,\cdots,l_{n+2}$ in are readily computable numbers.

The two subspaces $V_m,W_m\subset H^0(Z,mF)$ have the following intrinsic characterizations.

\[prop-char\] (i) $V_m=H^0(Z,mF)^G$ holds. (ii) $W_m=H^0(Z,mF)^{G_1}$ holds.

[**Proof.**]{} For (i), the inclusion $V_m\subset H^0(Z,mF)^G$ is obvious. Suppose $\dim H^0(Z,mF)^G=(m+1)+\alpha$, $\alpha>0$. Then the image of the meromorphic map associated to $|mF|^G$ must still be 1-dimensional, since general orbits of $G$-action on $Z$ are 2-dimensional. Let $\Lambda_m'$ be the image, which is a non-degenerate curve in $\mathbf{CP}^{m+\alpha}$. Considering the natural projection $\mathbf{CP}^{m+\alpha}\to\mathbf{CP}^m$ induced by the inclusion $V_m\subset H^0(Z,mF)^G$, the map $\Psi_m$ is factorized as $Z\to\Lambda'_m\to\Lambda_m$. Here, since $\alpha>0$ and $\Lambda_m'$ is non-degenerate, the degree of the map $\Lambda'_m\to\Lambda_m$ is at least two. On the other hand, general fiber ofstate our result precisely, we introduce the following.

\[def-reg\][*Let $S$ and $C$ be as above, and $G_i$ the $\mathbf C^*$-subgroup of $G$ which fixes $C_i$ and ${\overline}{C}_i$. An irreducible component $C_j$ (or equivalently, ${\overline}{C}_j$) ($j\neq i$) is said to be [*regular*]{} with respect to $G_i$ if the isotropy subgroup of $G_i$-action on $C_j$ is the identity only. We say that the component is [*irregular*]{} with respect to $G_i$ if it is not regular.* ]{}

We simply say that a component $C_j$ (or equivalently ${\overline}{C}_j$) is regular if the subgroup $G_i$ or the component $C_i$ is obvious from the context.

In the following, we again adopt the numbering for the irreducible components of $C$ for which the chosen component is $C_1$, so that the $\mathbf C^*$-subgroup of $G$ is $G_1$. If still


which preserves $G_1$-action, the surface $S$ and the real structure. Further, since any small deformation of a compact twistor space remains a twistor space, we can suppose that all fibers over $(B')^{\sigma}$ are twistor spaces, after possible shrinking of $(B')^{\sigma}$.

Take a point $b\in(B')^{\sigma}$ such that $S_b$ is not a toric surface. Then $Z_b=\tilde{p}^{-1}(b)$ is a twistor space equipped with a $G_1$-action and a $G_1$-invariant surface $S_b=p^{-1}(b)\subset Z_b$. Since the Picard group of the twistor spaces is isomorphic to the (integral) second cohomology group, $S_b$ is still a member of $|F|$ on $Z_b$. We show that $Z_b$ does not admit an effective $G$-action. If $Z_b$ admits such an action, $Z_b$ must be a LeBrun twistor spaces since any smooth member of $|F|$ in non-LeBrun twistor spaces of Joyce metricsspace is $\mathscr T_n$ by Theorem \[thm-2\]. These twistor spaces, whose detailed structure can be also derived from Proposition \[prop-d5\], are new in view of the $U(1)$-actions on $n\mathbf{CP}^2$. However, contrary to the twistor spaces in §5.3, it seems difficult to obtain an explicit construction of these twistor spaces, because the projective models have a lot of complicated singularities.

Appendix
========

In Section 2 we obtained minitwistor spaces of Joyce metrics as an image of the meromorphic map associated to some explicit linear system on the twistor spaces, and showed that they can be regarded as quotient spaces of the twistor spaces by $\mathbf C^*$-action. In this appendix we show that these minitwistor spaces are actually ‘canonical’ quotient spaces. For this we first recall a result of Fujiki [@F78-2] concerning quotient