The Nucleotide-Dependent Interactome of Rice Heterotrimeric G-Protein α -Subunit.
The rice heterotrimeric G-protein complex, a guanine-nucleotide-dependent on-off switch, mediates vital cellular processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Exchange of bound GDP (resting state) for GTP (active state) is spontaneous in plants including rice and thus there is no need for promoting guanine nucleotide exchange in vivo as a mechanism for regulating the active state of signaling as it is well known for animal G signaling. As such, a master regulator controlling the G-protein activation state is unknown in plants. Therefore, an ab initio approach is taken to discover candidate regulators. The rice Gα subunit (RGA1) is used as bait to screen for nucleotide-dependent protein partners. A total of 264 proteins are identified by tandem mass spectrometry ofEffective risk communication practice.
Major public controversies over the management of health and environmental risks have been ongoing since the 1970s, starting with chemicals (pesticides and dioxins) and running through risks associated with many other industrial technologies. We can find in those controversies many common features, which cut across differences in both the technologies themselves and the types of risks they engender. This understanding also enables us to propose strategies to organizations to help them better respond to the public's needs (and the public interest) when concerns over risks arise. Effective risk communication practices are among the most important responsibilities for industry and governments in this regard. Since its origins in the late 1980s, risk communication practice has achieved a better understanding both of its goals and of how


happens is stated below from the blog:

Consider the regular expression (x+x+)+y. Let's see what happens when
  you apply this regex to xxxxxxxxxxy. The first x+ will match all 10 x
  characters. The second x+ fails. The first x+ then backtracks to 9
  matches, and the second one picks up the remaining x. The group has
  now matched once. The group repeats but fails at the first x+.When y
  fails, the regex engine backtracks. The group has one iteration it can
  backtrack into. The second x+ matched only one x, so it can't
  backtrack. But the first x+ can give up one x. The second x+ promptly
  matches xx. The group again has one iteration, fails the next one, and
 What I love about this is the packaging. It comes neatly packed in a bamboo tray that the recipient will be able to use even after the contents are over.

Three Countries in One Gift

Gifting this wine & cheese gift hamper is like gifting a culinary tour of 3 countries. Soft Rioja from Spain, French pate, mature welsh leek cheddar cheese and English Brie. A real treat for a foodie and wine lover alike.

Wine & Cheese Gift Hamper for the Entire Family

Selecting gift for an entire family can be challenging at times. Each member will have their own likes and dislikes and interests. But there is one thing that everyone will enjoy that is a hamper with carefully selected food items – Luxury truffles, mince pies, biscuits for the


Bryce, you sly dog.

After recording an out in right to end the sixth inning Tuesday night at Wrigley Field, instead of tossing the ball to a fan in the front row, Bryce Harper absolutely launched the ball out of the stadium and on to the roof.

Check it out.

After making the final out in right field in the sixth inning, Bryce Harper trolls Cubs fans and LAUNCHED the ball out of Wrigley Field and on to the rooftop. 😂 pic.twitter.com/31Yec16lGe — NBC Sports Philadelphia (@NBCSPhilly) May 22, 2019

Cubs fans had been giving Harper a hard time out there, chanting his name earlier in the game, so he channeled his inner Joey Votto to send them a message (see story). Two fans, blurred out, flip harper the bird after theyHypoxia is known to confer resistance of cancer cells to radio- and chemo-therapies leading to treatment failure. Our long-range goal is to induce apoptosis of hypoxic cancer cells through targeting the molecules that confer such a resistance. SAG (Sensitive to Apoptosis Gene) or ROC2/Rbx2 is a cysteine-rich antioxidant protein and a RING component of SCF (skp1, Cullins, F-box proteins) and possibly VCB (VHL-Cul2-Elongin B and C) E3 ubiquitin ligases. We found that SAG is induced under hypoxia and when over-expressed, inhibits hypoxiainduced apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. SAG also binds to caspase 3 and promotes caspase 3 ubiquitination when complexed with SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase. The objective of this application is to elucidate the mechanism of SAG induction and apoptosis protection under hypoxia. The central hypothesis


is that hypoxia induces HIF-1 which transactivates SAG expression through a direct binding to its consensus elements in the SAG promoter. Hypoxia also induces activity of protein kinase CKII which activates SAG via phosphorylation. Upon its induction and activation, SAG complexes with other components of SCF and VCB E3 ubiquitin ligases to promote the ubiquitination and degradation of caspase 3 and HIF-1alpha, respectively. Targeted caspase 3 degradation blocks caspase-dependent apoptosis, whereas targeted HIF-1alpha degradation prevents HIF-1alpha induced apoptosis through p53 stabilization. The rationale for the proposed research is to identify and characterize SAG and CKII as novel hypoxic cancer targets with ultimate goal in pharmaceutical intervention through their inhibition to sensitize hypoxic cancer cells to current cancer therapies. Specific aims to test the hypothesis are 1) to elucidatethe excesses or dangers of that culture. With NONE of these the dangers have no checks and balances. It's a rigged test. A fake test. Not an exploration of what it is to live in another culture. But in fact a process almost guaranteeing a return or at least a dangerous, likely in many ways unpleasant experience.

Instead of dealing with your value judgment in the context of my counterarguments that it might not be a right direction - Good, positive, moral, ethical - you shift to your criticism of objectivist postions, here religious ones.

You finish with:

But: How would the choice that any one particular individual might make here [child or adult] not be profoundly embodied in the manner in which I construe the meaning of dasein?

[/quote][/quote]Note how we


of indoctrination [as a child] into the moral and political narratives of any one particular human community across space and time.

As I have noted on other threads, the crucial factor here is the extent to which any one individual becomes aware of this. And then once having recognized their values as historical, cultural and experiential contraptions, to what extent can they use the tools of philosophy [or science] to extract the most rational narrative of all.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: And then, in the original context, I believe my point was that in contrast with Prismatic, I see religion as, like many other complicated human phenomena, not jsut primal, but in fact having significant components of higher primate brain functions. In fact, we seem to be the only religious animals,react to the problem that way. I try to makes things the way I prefer for myself and those things and entities I love. That's it.

From my frame of mind such conflicts can only resolved through one or another rendition of might makes right, a consensus regarding right makes might, or moderation, negotiation and compromise.

Power, morals or negotiations around preferences.

But how any particular individual finally comes down here is, in my view, going to be embedded more in dasein than in that which the tools of philosophy are able to offer us.

But even here I recognize this as just one more existential contraption embedded in a world awash in contingency, chance and change. Thus "I" here -- my "I", your "I", their "I" -- will always be subject


side of the grave.

On the other hand, your "I"...

Karpel Tunnel wrote: I use the tools I have to push for what I want for myself, people I care about, nature, etc. I have no magic wand to fix everything. All I said was I do not seek the utterly compelling narrative, set of morals, propanda rational arugment that makes everyone think my preferences are correct. In local dialogues, I might use some of this as tools. But I have no sense I can come up with the convincing argument for everyone - not being humble here, particularly, just stating the fact.

Well, if what "you" want for yourself and the people you care about turns out to be just the embodiment of how I construe human interactions at theyou read that right – for example. But the lack of objective morals is not a hole for me.

Then this, in fact, I am still not able to wrap my head around. Other than in imagining you just don't give a shit about "I" being an existential contraption confronting values out of sync with yours in a world of conflicting goods. Your life has become what it is and as a result of that there are things you prefer and things you do not. You "struggle" to arrive at a solution able to sustain what "you" [here and now] deem to be the best of all possible worlds. That works for you.

I don't know what you mean by 'works'. You seem to be implying life is easy for


means to you.

And, again, I am searching less for "unity" here than for a frame of mind able to convice me that this is actually within the reach of philosophers in general and ethicists and political scientists in particular.

I pretty much said this myself about you. You presented yourself as fractured and fragmented. I took that to be a negatively experienced state. IOW problematic. I said you did not seem to prioritize unity, though perhaps you thought an answer to your challenge would bring this. I doubt it will eliminate your fragmentation, but who knows.

This I basically agree with. But only to the extent that I think I understand what you think you are trying to convey.

The objectivists are always constrained by their "good behavior", "bad behavior" mentality.will not do.

Yet, again, this is all embedded abstractly in another general description of human interactions.

We need to focus in on an actual context in which objectivists, and subjectivists [yours and mine] attempt to convey what unfolds "in their head" as they choose one behavior rather than another. The objectivists seemingly would not be fractured and fragmented.

1) I did go into a specific situation and described what I did and thought weeks ago 2) Every objectivist I have met is fractured. They don't harp on it, perhaps many cannot admit it, even to themselves, but I see cognitive dissonance, guilt, shame, confusion, lying, denial, repression, hypocrisy, etc. in all objectivists I meet. And to be fair, I also see some who will be open about this and their


fractured nature.

These are just words defining and defending other words. They have to be taken out into the world where the objectivists and subjectivists attempt to describe their frames of mind as they engage an actual context in which conflicting goods are being confronted.

I am trying to remain calm when I say this: do you not see how incredibly abstract your posts are?

Take for example Trump's immigration policy. There are liberal and conservative objectivists here who appear to argue as though there is in fact the right and the wrong thing to do. Whereas "I" am drawn and quartered by reasonable arguments from both side. "I" recognizing in turn that "I" am in fact an existential contraption here predisposed to certain political prejudices.

An objectivist could be torn hererather than another. The objectivists seemingly would not be fractured and fragmented.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: 1) I did go into a specific situation and described what I did and thought weeks ago

Again, you have devised a frame of mind relating to this situation that allows your "I" to escape the extent to which my own "I" is fractured and fragmented given contact with similar situations. And I have addressed how I react to that above. Then it can only come down to attempts to bridge that gap given how very different our life experiences no doubt have been.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: 2) Every objectivist I have met is fractured. They don't harp on it, perhaps many cannot admit it, even to themselves, but I see cognitive dissonance, guilt, shame, confusion,


lying, denial, repression, hypocrisy, etc. in all objectivists I meet. And to be fair, I also see some who will be open about this and their fractured nature.

Sure, I spent nearly 25 years embedded in radical political organizations. I've met all manner of objectivists myself. My focus on this thread however is on those who attempt to connect the dots between the behaviors they choose on this side of the grave and that which they imagine their fate to be on the other side of it.

And, here, no doubt about it, some are more adament about the righteous path that they are on than others.

Same with the secular objectivists. Some are fiercely commited to one or another moral font in a No God world. Others wobble considerably more.

Allnote the manner in which my own moral narrative/political agenda is fractured and fragmented.

Again: How are they not fractured and fragmented? Or considerably less so than I am?

Take for example Trump's immigration policy. There are liberal and conservative objectivists here who appear to argue as though there is in fact the right and the wrong thing to do. Whereas "I" am drawn and quartered by reasonable arguments from both side. "I" recognizing in turn that "I" am in fact an existential contraption here predisposed to certain political prejudices.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: An objectivist could be torn here also.

Sure. But all I can do in a forum like this is to react to any one particular objectivist at a time in discussing these issues.

How about you? Someone asks your opinion.


menes tugging each particular individual in any number of different directions.

And that philosophers [ethicists, political scientists] can just as easily be all over the political spectrum here.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: I think, however, but I am not sure, you feel you should have one and are tormented by the lack of one. A little Christlike. And look I am not saying that nastily. I can feel a tug there, but I have worked a long time on getting the Christian take up that cross thing out of my system. This may not be a difference between us, but sometimes I get the feeling you wrestle a lot with coming up with the answer, and I no longer do.

Well, here's the thing. To the extent that you "follow the news"in particular historical, cultural and experiential contexts. Genes and menes tugging each particular individual in any number of different directions.

Don't know what that 'though' is there for.

Well, here's the thing. To the extent that you "follow the news" and find yourself confronting the staggering human pain and suffering embedded in these turbulent political conflicts, is [often] the extent to which you might long for an objective moral foundation that all reasonable and virtuous men and women can embrace.

See, that feels like you thinking I am either, ignorant or immoral. I should be like you, but perhaps I am just not paying attention. I do not see me arriving at the objective morals as reducing the world pain. You seem to think that objective morals ADD to the pain.


OK, so you long for the holy grail of objective morals, the ones that are recognizable by everyone. One, Idon't think, and it seems to me you don't think there is much more than a technical possibility they exist. This is what sets you far apart from objectivists. Second, let's say they do exist and you can find them plus the arguments to support them. I think that is confused. That the objective correct position on abortion is not out there already now AND it exists. And there is an argument that anti-abortionists or abortion rights activists have not already thought of and tried. I think that is unlikely. Then, that people will recognize thins irresistable argument. That seems equivalent to theism to me. You believe in aor even seemingly compelling] you to do one thing rather than another. Then it comes down to the extent to which "I" wrestles with the option of doing something else instead. And, in particular, the extent to which "I" comes to wrestle with what one ought to do.

Well, it seems like you think the best shot at feeling less fractures is if you found a way to return to an irrefutable objectivism.

That doesn't fit my experiences in any way. Has the search so far brought you any closer to unity?

Sure, there will always only be "degrees of communication" in exchanges of this sort. But, then, that bascially revolves around my whole point about "I" here. There are things about the lives that we live rooted in particular facts.


of knowing for sure what new experiences, relationships and ideas you might come upon in the future.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: Can't know for certain, sure.

And there we are. Your frame of mind was predisposed to go in one direction given the constellation of existential variables that came together in a particular way. Mine in another way. That is when I tap the theologians, philosphers, scientists, ethicists etc., on the shoulder and ask for their advice.

And all of this often depends upon the extent to which your life unfolds in relatively stable times. Let something [or some things] of significance happen and the new turbulence can send "I" flying in any number of new directions.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: Well, I just went through ten years of challenges unlike anything I everare just too many variables either beyond your understanding or control, to enable you yourself to grasp definitively "what happened".

Let alone in speculating on how, in the best of all possible worlds, things ought to have happened.

Well, here's the thing. To the extent that you "follow the news" and find yourself confronting the staggering human pain and suffering embedded in these turbulent political conflicts, is [often] the extent to which you might long for an objective moral foundation that all reasonable and virtuous men and women can embrace.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: See, that feels like you thinking I am either, ignorant or immoral. I should be like you, but perhaps I am just not paying attention.

I was just reacting to the manner in which I construed your reaction to


me away from a fractured self.

But given how certain I once felt that an objective morality -- re God or Reason -- was within reach, there's no way I can make that part of "me" just "go away". Psychologically, it's locked inside my head. A true existential contraption. So, sure, why not go looking for it again? Really, what do I have to lose here compared to [however remote the chance of success] what I have to gain?

Well, from what I get here you have two activities: 1) distraction activities alone 2) seeking objective morals in your contact with others.

What you may or may not be losing would be what is gained by relating to others in a more diverse way, under both categories 1 and 2. Andwould they conclude? What could they conclude?

I was just reacting to the manner in which I construed your reaction to my search for an objective morality. As though I should just accept that there almost certainly isn't one and move on to one or another more "pragmatic" agenda.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: The context is you systematically using 'objectivist' as a pejorative term.

On the other hand, when I root much of the pain and suffering inflicted on "the masses" by those "show me the money" nihilists who own and operate the global economy, some will insist I am using "nihilist" here as a pejorative term.

What then can I do "for all practical purposes" but to draw certain conclusions about a world governed by either the moral objectivists or the moral


doesn't matter, certainly not to me.

For you there is just this flitting self. And for the Buddhists also. Nothing more real than anything else. Just transient forms.

Maybe it is true for you, but for me: NO there are changes that are towards a more grounded less split me and I can fallibly but clearly move towards a way of being that is less split and feel more correct and from which my organism thrives.

This doesn't mean I know what yours is.

Some shifts like the move from trying to be attracted to women, while one is trying to be even believing one is straight, to accepting one's actual desires and allowing the movement towards men are really rather obvious. Startling different experiences of sex and romantic love, I wouldWoods and some will get lost and some will find their way out. We could conclude that there is no skill involved, no core, just atoms in Brownian motion.

My point though is more in imagining the reactions of philosophers, ethicists and political scientists reacting to what I construe to be political prejudices rooted in dasein.

Would they agree that this is basically what they are, or might they concoct a frame of mind said to be the moral obligation of all rational people to embrace?

And folks walking in the woods [either getting lost or not] revolves more around the either/or world. They either possess the skills necessary to find their way out or they don't.

Again, it comes down [for me] to assessing your experiences in contrast to the experiences


feeling all along, he has not come closer to doing what he wants, accepting his emotions/desires, etc. It is an existential contraption.

Here though, we are still grappling with the extent to which homosexuality may or may not be embedded in genes. For some it may be entirely natural to be gay. And, since human beings are inherently a part of nature, it can also be argued in turn that any behaviors that any of us choose are natural.

But, historically, culturally and experientially, any number of conflicting memetic narratives have been broached and embraced.

So, putting the two together, what are philosophers, ethicists and political scientists to make of it? Is there a frame of mind here that transcends the existential components embedded in my own frame of mind?

I wouldmemes you use to prioritize you activities are very abstract. They leave you out. They are seeking as a cipher. Again, might be just peachy for you and might even be objectively moral for all I know.

What on earth is abstract about this...

1] I was raised in the belly of the working class beast. My family/community were very conservative. Abortion was a sin. 2] I was drafted into the Army and while on my "tour of duty" in Vietnam I happened upon politically radical folks who reconfigured my thinking about abortion. And God and lots of other things.3] after I left the Army, I enrolled in college and became further involved in left wing politics. It was all the rage back then. I became a feminist. I married


of your lives than I do.

The rest is just the part that revolves around death...the part after the grave.

In relationship to what is "really true" here what are the odds that either one of us have come even close to an actual ontological or teleological assessment?

Karpel Tunnel wrote: Can you not see how this is an assessment?

That [to me] is just common sense embedded in the manner in which the human brain is programmed by the evolution of life on earth to ask "why?"

To connect the dots between "in my head" and "out in the world"?

Obviously: something or other [ontologically/teleologcially] set it all into motion.

Not to grapple with this is to be cow or a bacteria or a rock.

But to assess it all correctly? How on earth wouldexchange in the point you are trying to make here.

My own goal revolves around feeling less fractured and fragmented in confronting conflicting goods out in the world that I live in; given how I construe the embodied "I" here as an existential contraption.

Considering that one or another set of behaviors must be either rewarded of punished in order to sustain the least dysfunctional human interactions, how on earth would not ranking even be possible?

In other words:

As long as one chooses to interact with others, wants and needs will come into conflict. When on earth have they not? Given this, human communities have no choice but to rank behaviors. To assign rewards and punishments to particular sets of behaviors. That is simply the human condition.

Karpel Tunnel wrote: Your first


Q:

Initialize a list using inline for loop

I am initializing my list object using following code.
list = [
    func1(centroids[0],value),
    func1(centroids[1],value),
    ....,
    func1(centroids[n],value)]

I am trying to do it a more elegant way using some inline iteration. Following is the pseudo code of one possible way.
list = [value for value in func1(centroids[n],value)]

I am not clear how to call func1 in an iterative way. Can you suggest a possible implementation?

A:

For a list of objects, Python knows how to iterate over it directly so you can eliminate the index shown in most of the other answers,
res = [func1(c, value) for c in centroids]

That's all there is to it.

Q:

Baby photo shoot lens selection

I am planning on doing a homemade baby photography for a 3-week-old baby (my daughter :)).
I count on a Nikon D40 (I know, need to upgrade!) and 2 lenses: 18-105mm and a fixed 50mm f1.8.
Which lens should I use and at what shutter speed and aperture levels to get best picture for this specific shooting?

A:

At three weeks they tend to sleep a lot and don't move much when they are awake. You will find in the coming months and years that this will change rapidly! Use whatever shutter speed you need to keep the ISO low. Depending on the amount of light you may need to use your tripod and either the timer or a remote cable release to prevent camera shake.
For the newborn


In a letter sent by 11 of the most prominent veterans organizations, the groups warned that the idea "is wholly unacceptable and a total abrogation of our government's moral and legal responsibility to the men and women who have sacrificed so much."

CNN obtained a copy of the letter sent to the White House last Friday by groups including The American Legion, Disabled American Veterans, Military Order of the Purple Heart, Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, and Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America. Read the letter (PDF)

A White House spokesman would neither confirm nor deny the option is being considered.

"The details of specific proposals will be transmitted with the full submission in April. The president has made it clear that meeting the needs of veterans isUE receives the physical channel that carries the broadcast channel (BCHser) from the serving base station BSser (step 12) and calculates its strength. The UE also receives the physical channel that carries the broadcast channel (BCHtar) from the target base station BStar (step 16) and also calculates its strength. Periodically, or depending on the relative signal strengths, the information is signaled to the RNC which determines the BCHser path loss (step 14) and the BCHtar path loss (step 18).
It is then determined whether the BCHser path loss is greater than the BCHtar pathloss (step 20). If it is not, no further action is taken. If, however, the BCHser path loss is greater than the BCHtar path loss as determined by step 20, the handover to the target base


Red trajectory is the counterpart of classical case.[]{data-label="fig1"}](fig1.pdf){width="8cm"}

In this paper, we will give a detailed proof of the validity of quantum Crooks FT and quantum JE for an open quantum system based on the explicit expression of microscopic work and their corresponding probability distributions for an arbitrary prescribed controlling protocol. We also clarify the relation between quantum Crooks FT, quantum JE and their classical counterparts. In the last part of the paper, the studies based on a two-level system are given as an illustration to demonstrate our central idea.

Notations and assumptions:
==========================

Crooks FT [@crooks] is firstly derived in classical systems in a microscopically reversible Markovian stochastic process. In the proof of a classical Crooks FT, a key technique is to separate work steps from heat steps. In the followingif we control the parameter of the Hamiltonian very quickly in the controlling substep, and then the quantum adiabatic conditions are not satisfied, the trajectory $A\rightarrow B$ in general should be written as (see blue trajectory of Fig. 1) $$\begin{split}
\left \vert i_{0},\lambda_{0} \right \rangle \rightarrow \left \vert
i_{0}^{\prime},\lambda_{1}\right \rangle \underrightarrow{\lambda_{1}} \left \vert
i_{1},\lambda_{1}\right \rangle \rightarrow \left \vert
i_{1}^{\prime},\lambda_{2}\right \rangle \underrightarrow{\lambda_{2}}
\left \vert i_{2},\lambda_{2}\right \rangle \\
\rightarrow \cdots \rightarrow \left \vert i_{N-1},\lambda_{N}\right
\rangle \rightarrow \left \vert i_{N-1}^{\prime},\lambda_{N}\right
\rangle \underrightarrow{\lambda_{N}} \left \vert i_{N},\lambda_{N}\right\rangle.
\end{split}$$ The main difference of the above two kinds of trajectories (1) and (2) is that after the controlling substep the system may not be in the same eigenstate as that before the controlling, i.e., $i_{n}\neq
i^{\prime}_{n}$. The internal excitation $\left \vert
i_{n},\lambda_{n} \right \rangle \rightarrow \left \vert
i_{n}^{\prime},\lambda_{n+1}\right \rangle $ is due to randomness caused by quantum


non-adiabatic transition and has no classical counterpart. Actually this difference of trajectories (1) and (2) highlights the main difference between the quantum and classical Crooks FT. For a quantum system, the microscopic work done in every controlling substep is equal to the difference of the energy before and after the controlling substep: $W_{n}=E(i_{n}^{\prime},
\lambda_{n+1})-E(i_{n}, \lambda_{n})$, and the heat exchanged with the heat bath is equal to the difference of the energy of the system before and after the relaxation substep $Q_{n}=E(i_{n},
\lambda_{n})-E(i_{n-1}^{\prime},\lambda_{n})$. For the trajectory (2) as a whole, we must make $2N$ times quantum measurements to confirm the microscopic work done and heat exchanged with the heat bath. Similar to the classical case, the total work $W$ performed on the system, and the total heat $Q$ exchanged with theto $\lambda_{n+1}$, the probability of the transition from a microscopic state $\left \vert
i_{n},\lambda_{n}\right\rangle$ to another microscopic state $\left
\vert i_{n}^{\prime},\lambda_{n+1}\right\rangle$ can be expressed as $$P_{F}( \left\vert i_{n},\lambda_{n}\right\rangle \rightarrow
\left\vert i_{n}^{\prime},\lambda_{n+1}\right\rangle)=|\left\langle
i_{n}^{\prime},\lambda_{n+1}\right\vert U \left \vert
i_{n},\lambda_{n} \right \rangle |^2$$ where $U=\mathrm {T} \exp\{- i \int_{t_{0}}^{t_{1}}
H[\lambda(t)]dt\}$ is the unitary matrix describing the evolution of the isolated quantum system in the controlling substep, and $\mathrm
{T}$ is the time-ordered operator. Similarly, in the time-reversed trajectory the excitation probability from the microscopic state $\Theta \left\vert i_{n}^{\prime},\lambda_{n+1}\right\rangle$ to another microscopic state $\Theta \left\vert i_{n},\lambda_{n}
\right\rangle$ in the time reversed trajectory can be expressed as [@theta] $$\begin{split}
P_{R}(\Theta & \left\vert i_{n},\lambda_{n} \right\rangle \leftarrow
\Theta \left\vert  i_{n}^{\prime},\lambda_{n+1}\right\rangle )\\
& =| \left ( \left\langle i_{n},\lambda_{n}\right\vert
\overleftarrow{\Theta} \right ) \Theta U\overleftarrow{\Theta}
\left (\Theta \left \vert i_{n}^{\prime},\lambda_{n+1} \right
\rangle \right) |^2,
\end{split}$$ where $\Theta U\overleftarrow{\Theta}=\mathrm{T} \exp\{-i
\int_{t_{0}}^{t_{1}} H[\lambda(t_{0}+t_{1}-t)]dt\}=
(U^{\dagger})^{\ast}= U^{T}$ is the


by employing Josephson junction charge qubit [@chargequbit]. Discussion about employing Josephson Junction qubit to test the quantum Crooks FT and quantum JE will be given later.

acknowledgments
===============

HTQ thanks Wojciech H. Zurek, G. Crooks and Rishi Sharma for stimulating discussions and gratefully acknowledges the support of the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program for this work.

[99]{}

S. R. de Groot and P. Mazur, *Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics*, (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1962).

D. J. Evans and D. J. Searles, Phys. Rev. E **50**, 1645 (1994); D. J. Evans and D. J. Searles, Advances in Physics, **51**, 1529 (2002).

C. Jarzynski, Phys. Rev. Lett. **78**, 2690 (1997).

Crooks, J. Stat. Phys. **90**, 1481 (1998); G. E. Crooks, Phys. Rev. E **60**, 2721 (1999); Gavin E. Crooks, Phys. Rev. E **61**, 2361 (2000).

C. Bustamante, J. Liphardt, and F.Service detail traveled on every leg of every trip. He had one meeting with Epstein in his Harlem office in 2002, and around the same time made one brief visit to Epstein’s New York apartment with a staff member and his security detail. He’s not spoken to Epstein in well over a decade, and he has never been to Little St. James Island, Epstein’s ranch in New Mexico, or his residence in Florida.”

Clinton’s statement may be factually correct, but it also appears to be a potential lie by omission. Note that Clinton’s statement only addresses flights on Epstein’s jet that took place in 2002 and 2003. Clinton states that he’s not spoken to Epstein in “well over a decade.” In other words, the Clinton statement leaves the years


with problem (\[eq:22\]) in ${{\mathcal D}^{1,2}_k({{\mathbb R}}^N)}$ is $$\begin{aligned}
\label{eq:25}
S_k(\l_0,\L_1,\dots, \L_m)=\inf_{\substack{u\in{{\mathcal D}^{1,2}_k({{\mathbb R}}^N)}\\
    u\not\equiv 0}}
\frac{{\displaystyle{\int_{{{\mathbb R}}^N} |\n
      u|^2dx-
\int_{{{\mathbb R}}^N}\bigg(
\frac{\l_0}{|x|^2}+\sum_{\ell=1}^m\sum_{i=1}^k
  \frac{\L_{\ell}}{k|x-a_i^{\ell}|^2}\bigg)
u^2(x)\,dx}}}
{{\displaystyle{
    \bigg(\int_{{{\mathbb R}}^N}  |u|^{2^*}dx\bigg)^{2/2^*}}}}.\end{aligned}$$ It is well known that minimizers of (\[eq:25\]) solve equation (\[eq:22\]) up to a Lagrange multiplier. Theorems \[t:ach\] and \[t:ach1\] give sufficient conditions for the attainability of $S_k(\l_0,\L_1,\dots, \L_m)$ for large values of $k$. Letting $k\to\infty$, the Schrödinger operator converges, in the sense of distributions, to the operator associated with a continuous distribution of mass on concentric circles. We stress that the convergence of the potentials does not hold in the natural way, i.e. in $L^p_{\rm
   loc}({{\mathbb R}}^N)$ for any $p\leq \frac N2$, because of the singularity. To formulate thesome notation used throughout the paper.

-   $B(a,r)$ denotes the ball $\{x\in{{\mathbb R}}^N: |x|<r\}$ in ${{\mathbb R}}^N$ with center at $a$ and radius $r$.

-   $S_r=\{(x,0)\in{{\mathbb R}}^2\times {{\mathbb R}}^{N-2}: |x|=r\}$ denotes the circle of radius $r$ in the plane ${{\mathbb R}}^2\times\{0\}$.

-   $\delta_x$ denotes the Dirac mass located at point $x\in{{\mathbb R}}^N$.

-   ${\mathcal D}({{\mathbb R}}^N)$ is the space of smooth functions with compact support in ${{\mathbb R}}^N$.

-   ${{\mathcal D}^{1,2}({{\mathbb R}}^N)}$ is the closure of ${\mathcal D}({{\mathbb R}}^N)$ with respect to the Dirichlet norm $(\int_{{{\mathbb R}}^N}|{\nabla }u|^2\,dx)^{1/2}$.

-   $C_0({{\mathbb R}}^N)$ denotes the closure of continuous functions with compact support in ${{\mathbb R}}^N$ with respect to the uniform norm.

-   $\mathop{\rm dist}(x,A)$ denotes the distance of the point $x\in{{\mathbb R}}^N$ from


and $\SO(2)\times\SO(N-2)$-invariance {#sec:pala-smale-cond}
======================================================================================================

Let us define the functional $J_k:{{\mathcal D}^{1,2}({{\mathbb R}}^N)}\to{{\mathbb R}}$ associated to equation (\[eq:22\]) as $$\begin{aligned}
\label{eq:energy}
J_k(u)=&
\frac12\int_{{{\mathbb R}}^N} |{\nabla }u|^2dx-
\frac{\l_0}2\int_{{{\mathbb R}}^N}
\frac{u^2(x)}{|x|^2}\,dx\\
\nonumber&-
\sum_{\ell=1}^m\sum_{i=1}^k
\frac{\l_{\ell}}2\int_{{{\mathbb R}}^N}
\frac{u^2(x)}{|x-a_i^{\ell}|^2}\,dx-
\frac{S_k(\l_0,\L_1,\dots, \L_m)}{2^*}\int_{{{\mathbb R}}^N} |u|^{2^*}dx.\end{aligned}$$ The choice of location of the singularities ensures that $J_k$ is ${{\mathbb Z}}_k\times\SO(N-2)$-invariant. Since ${{\mathbb Z}}_k\times\SO(N-2)$ acts by isometries on ${{\mathcal D}^{1,2}({{\mathbb R}}^N)}$, we can apply the [*Principle of Symmetric Criticality*]{} by Palais [@palais] to deduce that the critical points of $J_k$ restricted to ${{\mathcal D}^{1,2}_k({{\mathbb R}}^N)}$ are also critical points of $J_k$ in ${{\mathcal D}^{1,2}({{\mathbb R}}^N)}$. Therefore, if $u$ is a critical point of $J_k$ in ${{\mathcal D}^{1,2}_k({{\mathbb R}}^N)}$, $u>0$ outside singularities, then $v=S_k(\l_0,\L_1,\dots,
\L_{\ell})^{1/(2^*-2)}u$ is a solution to equation (\[eq:22\]).

The following theorem provides a local Palais-Smale condition for $J_k$ restricted to ${{\mathcal D}^{1,2}_k({{\mathbb R}}^N)}$ below some critical threshold. We emphasize that the(%+5d)%c%c\n取得ＢＰ  ：  %c%c%5d (%+5d)%c%c",
    "translation": "%c取得米拉  ：  %c%c%5d (%+5d)%c%c\n取得ＢＰ  ：  %c%c%5d (%+5d)%c%c"
  },
  {
    "rva": "0015A374",
    "original": "Currently, there is nothing to report.",
    "translation": ""
  },
  {
    "rva": "0015A39C",
    "original": "報告できる依頼は特にありません。",
    "translation": "现在没有可以报告的委托。"
  },
  {
    "rva": "0015A3C0",
    "original": "Rank status",
    "translation": ""
  },
  {
    "rva": "0015A3CC",
    "original": "ランクの確認",
    "translation": "等级的确认"
  },
  {
    "rva": "0015A3DC",
    "original": "Rank advancement to [Junior Bracer - %s Class].",
    "translation":


a bold new idea or use for the immediate and surrounding site. Full submission details can be found online as of today at onthedocks.org. The competition runs March 6 to April 25. An award ceremony and exhibition with the top three ideas will be showcased May 25 at the Mere Hotel and Cibo Waterfront Cafe.

Prizes include $1,000 for 1st, $350 Exchange District package for 2nd and $170 Exchange District food voucher.

Judges of the competition are Paul Jordan of the Forks North Portage Partnership, Zephyra Vun of Design Quarter Winnipeg, David Pensato of the Exchange District Biz, Mike Pagtakhan, City of Winnipeg Councillor and Dan Lett of the Winnipeg Free Press.

Following the competition, the exhibition of ideas will float over to the Centennial Concert Hall and The Forks todown Pardshaw as an active concern : http://yfgm.quaker.org.uk/wiki/images/0/04/Minutes-2008-10.pdf

References

Category:Quakerism in the United Kingdom
Category:Quakerism in England


which requires California schools to include factual, age-appropriate information about the contributions, social movements and current events of, people with disabilities, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT), and Pacific Islander people in already existing social studies lessons.

"California voters have a right to know the truth about those most backing the effort to overturn the FAIR Education Act and that racist and homophobic organizations have no intent to protect families and children but instead hurt them with their bigotry.

Let's be clear: it's the anti-gay, racist rhetoric, dogma and attacks of these organizations that harm children, families and our society, not movements for equality, truth, inclusivity and dignity for all people.

Many fair-minded Californians—especially parents—may not yet know how they feel about the FAIR Education Act. But I don't believe anymats.

“It was strictly a touching type of situation,” DiNunzio said of the allegations.

DiNunzio, who is now interim superintendent with the Bellefonte Area School District, called Clinton County Children and Youth Services. Once it left his desk, he says, he never heard a word from police.

“It’s been a hush-hush situation,” DiNunzio said. “I’ve actually called [the school] — they’ve said they heard nothing about it.”

According to sources, the boy told Children and Youth Services that Sandusky had indecent contact with him several times over four years.

Children and Youth Services investigated the boy’s story and sent the case to Clinton County District Attorney Michael Salisbury. His office forwarded it to Centre County, where the incidents were alleged to have taken place.

Then-Centre County District Attorney Michael Madeira transferred the case to


that money and we both agreed that it would be put towards paying off my wings. ($35) I was hoping that by paying her a little more to what I owed, that it would motivate her to work on my wings. To my disappointment, another month passes and zero progress has been made. Yet again, she asks for money for another thing (which I don’t know what it was) so I gladly obliged and paid her the remainder of the money on my wings. ($40) Of course I was hoping that some progress was made on my wings by now...she tells me that barely anything had been done. I was remaining patient as possible with her because I knew that if I said the wrong thing, she’d probablyLOXLEY, Ala. (AP) - One person is dead and up to 20 injured after a charter tour bus carrying Texas high school band students home from a competition at Disney World plunged into a ravine near the Alabama-Florida line.

Baldwin County Sheriff Huey Hoss Mack confirmed the death Tuesday morning while talking to new reporters.

Baldwin County Sheriff's Office Major Anthony Lowery said the bus plunged off Interstate 10 into a deep ravine early Tuesday and multiple helicopters responded.

About 45 people were on board the crashed bus. The students were from Channelview High School east of Houston. A second bus of students from the high school pulled into the high school parking lot under police escort Tuesday afternoon.

Mack says all of the people on board were brought to 10 hospitals


The basal metabolic rate is the quantity of heat liberated per unit time by a living organism under prescribed resting conditions. Essentially all of the energy generated by the chemical reactions of the life process within the organism appears as heat energy, because little or no external work is done and having not eaten recently, the amount of energy being stored is zero or negligible. In a resting, fasting state, the basal metabolic activity can be measured as the rate of heat transfer from the body to the environment.
The BMR is usually determined under conditions of as complete mental and physical rest as possible, in a room with comfortable temperature, about 12 to 14 hours after the last meal. Determinations of BMR are useful, for example, in determiningpractical one. It began with the American prohibition of opium, which was primarily motivated by a moral objection to white people smoking in Chinese-run opium dens. This began a prohibition movement in the United States. In 1913, marijuana —which was used almost exclusively by Mexican and Indian immigrants — was prohibited for the first time by the state of California.

Today, when new drugs are added to the long list of illegal substances, it is because they are judged to be “addictive”, not because they are harmful. The United States’ Controlled Substances Act calls for a drug to be prohibited ‘a high potential for abuse’ and if it ‘may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence’. The drug does not have to be harmful in any other sense. According


each of these pleasures puts us at risk of addictions or addiction-like problems: alcoholism, pathological internet use, sex addiction, binge eating disorder, and so on.

The right to pursue pleasure gives us reason to legalize drugs, while addiction and self-harm fail to give us good reason to prohibit them. That is the essence of a strong moral argument against the war on drugs.

There remains one possible ground for interfering in liberty and retaining the ban on drugs. That ground is the public interest. If society were to be severely impaired by liberalisation of drug laws, that might be an extreme case that warrants a ban on drugs. But our (admittedly limited) experience suggests the opposite — the Netherlands appears to have reduced its drug problem, without increasing its overallpretty reasonable to say its more important to keep prices low for people utilizing marijuana medicinally, than to make a buck off of people who are using it recreationally. Honestly, I think that is my primary concern about the legalization of marijuana, at least here in California, that medical users would be priced out of being able to afford their medicine.

I don’t think there is anything morally wrong with recreational drug use, but I think there might be practical concerns that we should consider before legalization.

Legalization might increase use to an extent. But this blog post pointed out how it is morally questionable whether the state has the right to tell people they can’t engage in recreational drug use. I think the question is if the state is


of the frequency of second cancers and the frequency of lipomas in retinoblastoma (RB) patients; a study to determine if specific mutations in the RB gene result in a higher probability of developing a second cancer; investigations to determine if the frequency of stable chromosome aberrations or glycophorin A variant erythrocytes is related to lifetime occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in a U.S. cohort of radiologic technologists or in a cohort of workers at the Sellafield British Nuclear Fuels facility; and studies examining possible associations between HLA type and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma or infection with Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type 1.     ngx.say("1: failed to connect: ", err)
                return
            end

            ok, err = red2:connect("127.0.0.1", $TEST_NGINX_REDIS_PORT)
            if not ok then
                ngx.say("2: failed to connect: ", err)
                return
            end


               return
            end

            ok, err = red2:connect("127.0.0.1", $TEST_NGINX_REDIS_PORT)
            if not ok then
                ngx.say("2: failed to connect: ", err)
                return
            end

            res, err = red:subscribe("dog")
     end
            end
            red:set_timeout(1000)

            res, err = red:subscribe("cat")
            if not res then
                ngx.say("1: failed to subscribe to cat: ", err)
            else
                ngx.say("1: subscribe: ", cjson.encode(res))
            end


  ngx.say("1: failed to unsubscribe: ", err)
            else
                ngx.say("1: unsubscribe: ", cjson.encode(res))
            end

            red:close()
        }
--- response_body
1: subscribe: [["psubscribe","dog",1],["psubscribe","cat",2]]
1: unsubscribe: ["punsubscribe","dog",1]
1: unsubscribe: ["punsubscribe","cat",0]
--- no_error_log
[error]

=== TEST 12: multiple punsubscribe
--- global_config eval: $::GlobalConfig
--- server_config
        content_by_lua_block {
            local cjson = require "cjson"
            local redis = require "resty.redis"

        return
            end

            local res, err = red:subscribe("two")
            if not res then
                ngx.say("1: failed to subscribe: ", err)
                return
            end

            res, err = red:psubscribe("t*o")
            if


   return
            end

            res, err = red2:publish("three", "foo")
            if not res then
                ngx.say("2: failed to publish: ", err)
                return
            end

            res, err = red2:publish("two", "bar")
            if not res then
 Isolement et caractérisation de deux subunites constitutives des glycoproteines de structure du tissu sous cutané de lapin.
Structural glycoproteins have been extracted by 8 M ureau from the insoluble residue remaining after collagenase digestion of rabbit dermis and purified by Sepharose 4 B chromatography. After reduction and alkylation, Dowex 1 x 2 chromatography allowed separation of two structural glycoproteins (D1 and D2) in an homogenous state as shown by chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour as well as N terminal amino acid determination. These two glycoproteins have a molecular weight of about 16 000. Their amino acid compositions (very similar), are characterized by a high level of dicarboxylic amino acids and the absence of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine. The less acidic glycoprotein (D1) has glycine for N terminal amino acid and contains


like sandwiches or something?"

"No. Like actual food. We could go out to a nice restaurant, dress up a little bit, do our hair. It'll be fun. What do you say?"

Anna pulled her head up off of Elsa's lap and stared at her with a mild anticipation. "Can we… make it a date?"

"We go on dates all the time."

"We go out to eat, but never really as a date."

Elsa simply smiled. "If you'd like to, we can make it a date."

"Yes! I'll go get ready."

Anna hopped off the couch, the effects of nearly being asleep just a moment before clearly having no impact on her, and skipped to the bedroom. Elsa smirked at her sister's childishness and followed soon after to get ready.

The restaurant's dim lighting cast a romanticlazily slid a finger down the figure, ending at the pale girl's bare hip. She pulled her hand away and rolled onto her back while throwing an arm over her eyes.

"Hey. You up?" With no response she leaned herself up and had to immediately rest her head against her palm. The splitting pain, almost like electrical shock, was almost too much to handle at that moment. "…fuck."

"Hmm?" The girl beside her slowly groaned out and began to slightly shift some limbs around.

"Morning."

"Morning… what time is it?"

"No idea."

Anna managed to roll herself over to escape the same light that Elsa escaped from a minute earlier. She opened her eyes and sobered up almost instantaneously from the sight alone. The blonde was sitting up, unclothed, the bed's sheets resting over


the best sister ever." Anna pulled Elsa into a bear hug and squeezed her until she was positive she heard her back crack. "Thank you."

"You're welcome. But now I'd like to breathe again."

"Right…" Anna eased up on her grip and took a step back. "Sorry."

Elsa chuckled. "It's okay. So, any idea how you're going to do it?"

"Oh, uh… no. Not really."

"Also, I would like to remind you that she still doesn't even know I exist."

"Shit, she doesn't, does she? That's gonna make things complicated."

Elsa scoffed at the understatement. "Yeah, maybe just a little bit. How about telling her here?"

"That's… not a bad idea actually. I could invite her over for fun or food or something, then announce our… whole thing. Would have to explain the sister part thoughoff as much as possible. I'm surprised you didn't put off being offended until next week."

"I… but-"

"Shut up and go call her."

Anna groaned as she rolled onto her feet and begrudgingly walked over to the kitchen counter. "I hate you."

"Love you too."

Anna just rolled her eyes as she unplugged her cellphone, turned it on, and dialed in Naya's number. Though she knew she wanted to, she couldn't force her thumb to do anything more than just hover over the 'call' button. The room faded away as she stared at the glowing screen, a slight compression slowly building in her head causing her focus to waver. The sudden feeling of a hand on her shoulder violently pulled her from her daze and she jerked to the side.

"Hey... it's okay.


eyes, her head unconsciously beginning to nod up and down in agreeance. "I do, don't I?"

"Absolutely."

"Yeah… alright. I can. It's just like before, just a thousand times harder. That's all."

"Anna."

"Just kidding… sort of. Not really. But I know you're right, you always are. I'm just gonna have to do this whether I like it or not."

Elsa simply smiled before leaning in to kiss the obviously nervous redhead hoping to reassure her. Anna returned the caress, almost desperately, and then pulled Elsa into a hug.

"Thank you."

"You're welcome."

"I guess I kinda pulled a one-eighty with this whole thing, huh?"

"It's okay. I would've been surprised if you hadn't." Elsa raised her head from the nook in Anna's neck to look toward the kitchen. "You know, Naya is going to be expectingof answer is that? That's not an answer."

"It's… it is. Sort of." Naya pressed the palm of her hand against her eye and pushed hard. "Look, I don't know, alright? Look at this from an outside point of view and you'll get it."

"An outside point of view, huh? Alright. Here's what I see. I see a girl who appears pretty happy on the outside and seems to have her life somewhat on track, but on the inside suffers from an incessant black fog that never seems to dissipate, droning on and on weighing heavier day after day. A girl who wants nothing more than to sit in the corner with her head between her knees at parties or social events, to just stay at home and lie in


I'm willing to bet you do."

"I can guess."

"Elsa. Elsa happened. My sister has been the only constantly good thing in my life. She was there to get me through school, to help me deal with bullies…" Anna was trying her best to hold back her tears, though the shimmer in her eyes gave away her true emotions. "She was there to help pick up the pieces when our parents died. I owe her so… so much."

Anna sniffed and rubbed away some escaping drops from her eyes. "She was helping me through a panic attack this one time… a couple of years ago. I was curled up in the bathroom freaking out and she was there by my side, like always, telling me that everything was going to bedoor open for a moment to let the wind wash over and blow around her hair. The day had a lighter feeling, the proverbial weight being lifted off of her shoulders. She started the car and headed back to the apartment, reaching it not fifteen minutes later. She walked in through its front door and spotted a white head of hair peaking over from the back of the couch, its owner soon vanishing the silence.

"Welcome back."

"Thanks." Anna slid off her backpack onto the floor and then dropped onto the couch next to Elsa. "Good to be back."

Elsa muted the TV and looked deeply into Anna's eyes. "So…did you get a chance to talk to Naya today?"

"I did, actually."

"Yeah? How'd that go?"

"Not… great, at the start at least. But


numbers and those who are appalled at the prospect of killing this famous and beloved Australian icon. Can they be relocated, or can their numbers be controlled through forced contraception?

Following the stories of several urban kangaroos in the study, Nature reveals how they manage to survive in the city. Kangaroo Mob premieres Wednesday, January 11, 2012 at 8 p.m. (ET) on WNET New York and other PBS stations nationwide (check local listings). Narrated by Chris Morgan, the film profiles a new generation of metropolitan marsupials and the ongoing debate on how to manage them. After broadcast, the episode will stream online with additional content at pbs.org/nature.

Celebrating its 30th season, Nature is a production of THIRTEEN in association with WNET, the parent company of THIRTEEN and WLIW21, New York’s server.route(wrapAuth({
    method: 'GET',
    path: '/api/status',
    config: {
      tags: ['api']
    },
    async handler() {
      return {
        name: config.get('server.name'),
        uuid: config.get('server.uuid'),
        version: {
          number: config.get('pkg.version').replace(matchSnapshot, ''),
          build_hash: config.get('pkg.buildSha'),
          build_number: config.get('pkg.buildNum'),
          build_snapshot: matchSnapshot.test(config.get('pkg.version'))
        },


digital PLL, the phase error information is processed in the digital domain. The phase difference between the reference clock and the feedback clock is digitized and processed by a digital filter, which controls the oscillator frequency.
However, existing PLLs that are completely digital provide phase to digital converter outputs at each rising edge of the reference clock based on the phase difference information obtained from the previous reference clock cycle and therefore, phase correction is delayed by one reference clock cycle. That is, conventional fully digital PLLs correct phase error for the previous phase difference between the reference clock cycle and the feedback clock cycle.
Therefore, a faster output phase to digital converter is needed for faster correction of phase error information by a digital PLL.of the depolarization (arrow). After an immediate small current transient (which followed in direction the change in driving force), there was little effect on current magnitude (in six cells, current magnitude changed by −0.7 ± 0.7%). In contrast to the lack of effect when \[K^+^\] was changed during channel activation (trace 2), marked potentiation occurred after channels were closed and reopened in 10 mM \[K^+^\] (trace 3; current was potentiated by 38.0 ± 6.0% in six cells). The converse experiment ([Fig. 2](#fig3){ref-type="fig"} B) produced similar results. Changing \[K^+^\] from 10 mM to 0 while currents were activated produced essentially no effect on current magnitude (except for the small transient; [Fig. 2](#fig3){ref-type="fig"} B dashed line; *n* = 4). When channels were closed and reopened in the presence of 0


occurred after closing and reopening the channels in 10 mM K^+^. (E) The K^+^-dependent increase in conductance, measured from recordings as in B and D, obtained after the change in \[K^+^\] during the activation (black bars, O) and after closing and reopening the channels in 10 mM \[K^+^\] (gray bars, C-O). Bars represent seven cells in each group for Kv2.1 and K356G K382V, four cells in each group for Shaker.](20028639f4){#fig5}

[Figs. 4, C and D](#fig5){ref-type="fig"}, illustrate similar experiments done on the Shaker K^+^ channel. The Shaker channel does not display the K^+^-dependent potentiation mechanism associated with a change in outer vestibule conformation. However, Shaker would still be subject to the change in driving force and increase in conductance associated with increased channel saturation. Consequently, it would also be expectedthrough Kv2.1 K356G K382V and Shaker. This large (and expected) response to the change in K^+^ driving force contrasted sharply with the results obtained with Kv2.1. This difference will be addressed in part II of this paper.

### I-V relationships

When \[K^+^\] was changed during activation in Kv2.1, the change in K^+^ driving force had little effect on current magnitude at 0 mV. However, inspection of the currents in [Fig. 2](#fig3){ref-type="fig"} revealed that the current magnitude at −80 mV (during the tail) was almost fully responsive to the change in \[K^+^\] during activation. This demonstrated that when the barrels containing external solution were flipped during activation, the external \[K^+^\] actually did change. However, it also raised the question as to how current magnitude could be so unresponsive to the change


This compares well with the average increase in conductance obtained from [Fig. 3](#fig4){ref-type="fig"} experiments (22.7 ± 2.6% and 93.1 ± 7.2%), especially in light of the fact that, during the ramp protocol, some channel closure is occurring. (Note that P~m~, the permeability variable, is equivalent to conductance in this context, because the only observed membrane current was carried by K^+^ \[[@bib7]\].)

We next examined the I-V relationships in Kv2.1 K356G K382V and Shaker ([Fig. 6](#fig7){ref-type="fig"}) . [Fig. 4](#fig5){ref-type="fig"} illustrated that, at 0 mV, this channel displayed only a single K^+^-dependent change in conductance, which occurred immediately upon changing \[K^+^\] during activation. We used the ramp I-V experiments to examine whether channel closure had an effect on current magnitude at any membrane potential between 0 and −80 mV. Our workingdata: 21.8 ± 1.3 and 24.8 ± 1.9 (*n* = 5).](20028639f6){#fig7}

[Fig. 6](#fig7){ref-type="fig"} A illustrates three superimposed currents through Kv2.1 K356G K382V. [Fig. 6](#fig7){ref-type="fig"} C illustrates three superimposed currents through Shaker, evoked by a 60-ms depolarization to 0 mV. For Shaker, the duration of the depolarizing stimulus was shortened, and solution switch was made earlier during the depolarization, to minimize effects of slow inactivation on current magnitude. In addition, membrane potential during the repolarization phase was ramped from 0 to −80 mV over a 2-ms period in Shaker. As in [Fig. 4](#fig5){ref-type="fig"} experiments, elevation of external \[K^+^\] resulted in a complete and immediate change in current magnitude in both of these channels ([Fig. 6, A and C](#fig7){ref-type="fig"}). The I-V relationships, obtained during the voltage ramps for each of the


locked in position when the pore (or a K^+^ site in the pore) was occupied. We did two different experiments to test these two hypotheses. First, we used TEA as an internal channel blocker to transiently interrupt entry of K^+^ into the pore of activated channels ([@bib13]). Second, we examined the ability of the outer vestibule to change conformation when current through activated K^+^ channels was carried by a lower internal \[K^+^\].

### Internal TEA.

When TEA binds to its internal blocking site, no K^+^ enters the pore and the pore becomes unoccupied. When the channel becomes unblocked, either because of the normal off kinetics of the blocker or because the empty pore becomes insensitive to internal TEA ([@bib13]), K^+^ reenters and occupies the pore. We demonstrated previously that thisby lowering internal \[K^+^\]. [Fig. 7, C and D](#fig8){ref-type="fig"}, illustrate currents carried by 10 mM internal K^+^. Trace 1 in [Fig. 7](#fig8){ref-type="fig"} C illustrates a current recorded in 0 mM external K^+^. The dashed line illustrates the current response to changing external \[K^+^\] from 0 to 3 mM during activation. Trace 3 illustrates the current after closing and reopening of the channel in 3 mM external K^+^. Two points are to be made from this figure. First, in contrast to the results obtained with 100 mM internal K^+^ ([Figs. 2](#fig3){ref-type="fig"} and [5](#fig6){ref-type="fig"} A), currents were immediately potentiated when \[K^+^\] was elevated during activation. Second, after closing and reopening of the channel in 3 mM external K^+^, current magnitude was identical to that attained on the previous stimulation. Similar


external \[K^+^\]. While channels are activated, the outer vestibule does not change conformation even if \[K^+^\] changes. Moreover, structural attributes of the Kv2.1 outer vestibule minimize the response of Kv2.1 channels to changes in K^+^ driving force, and reduce the K^+^-dependent change in macroscopic conductance. As a consequence of this insensitivity, when channels are in the activated state between −20 and 30 mV, current magnitude varies by \<7% when external \[K^+^\] changes between 0 and 10 mM.

In contrast, when channels close and reopen in the presence of different external \[K^+^\], current magnitude through Kv2.1 can vary quite markedly. Because of the small increase in macroscopic conductance associated with increased channel saturation, and the relative insensitivity of Kv2.1 to the change in K^+^ driving force, the K^+^-dependent change independ directly on channel gating state. However, one might imagine that during rapidly fluctuating membrane potentials, K^+^ occupancy of the pore might change. Consequently, it will be of interest to determine whether current magnitude in channels that participate in high frequency firing undergo the K^+^-dependent conformational change, and consequent change in current magnitude.

We thank Joseph Consiglio, Kathleen Galle, and Josef Trapani for insightful comments on the manuscript.

Supported by the National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health NS41090.

[^1]: Address correspondence to Dr. Stephen Korn, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Box U-156, University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Rd., Storrs, CT 06269. Fax: (860) 486-3303; E-mail: <Korn@oracle.pnb.uconn.edu>


armor and orange hair & tassels, and something like the studio paint job. I added some dark red to the cloth to distinguish it from the purple armor, while avoiding making it distract from the rest by adding too much contrast. The green details were to oppose the purple, and even more importantly, so the bright orange wasn't the only bright spot on the model.

I did some of the highest contrast highlights I've done on this, to accentuate the already sharp edges.

The client is going to do their own thing with the base, so this is just temporary, but I think that the wider base does something good for the cloth, accentuating the flow, rather than the sleeves just hanging out over space.

Thursday, January 5, 2012

Before starting this,Coning this 2-cell complex to $v$ yields a subdivision of the polyhedron.

The lemma and its proof were inspired by [@LuoSchleimerTillmann:virtualGeometricTrig]. While it is clear that each polyhedron of a decomposition into geodesic cells (such as the canonical cell decomposition [@EP]) can be subdivided into tetrahedra individually, the challenge is to do so such that the face diagonals introduced in the process are compatible with the face gluings.

The case where each face of each cell is a triangle immediately follows from the lemma since no diagonals need to be chosen to cut a face into a triangle. The case where each cell is a cube was proven in [@goerner:platCensus Appendix].\
Let such a 3-manifold be a union $P_1\cup\dots\cup P_n$ of dodecahedra. Similarly to the case of the cube, we call


shared with the $A$-face of the same dodecahedron the ambiguous edge, see Figure \[fig:twoDode\]. The figure also shows that the ambiguous edge of $f_j$ and of $f_{j+1}$ are identified to become one edge in the cell complex which we also call an ambiguous edge. The faces $f_0,\dots,f_{k-1}$ form a fan about that ambiguous edge in the cell complex. When regarded as open interval, this edge in the cell complex has two distinct ends even if those two ends might correspond to the same ideal vertex.

1.  Pick an end $v$ for each ambiguous edge in the cell complex. Choose the diagonals for all the $B$-faces about the ambiguous edge such that the diagonals meet at $v$.

The recursive procedure already outlined above will now assign diagonals to all remaining $B$-faces:

1. </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
    <PlatformTarget>AnyCPU</PlatformTarget>
    <DebugType>pdbonly</DebugType>
    <Optimize>true</Optimize>
    <OutputPath>bin\Release\</OutputPath>
    <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
    <ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
    <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <Reference Include="System" />
    <Reference Include="System.Data" />
    <Reference Include="System.Xml" />
    <Reference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" />
    <Reference Include="System.Core" />
    <Reference Include="System.Xml.Linq" />
    <Reference Include="System.Data.DataSetExtensions" />
    <Reference Include="System.Xaml">
      <RequiredTargetFramework>4.0</RequiredTargetFramework>
    </Reference>
    <Reference Include="Telerik.Windows.Controls">
      <HintPath>$(TELERIKWPFDIR)\Binaries\WPF40\Telerik.Windows.Controls.dll</HintPath>
    </Reference>
    <Reference Include="Telerik.Windows.Data">
      <HintPath>$(TELERIKWPFDIR)\Binaries\WPF40\Telerik.Windows.Data.dll</HintPath>
    </Reference>


modify your build process, add your task inside one of the targets below and uncomment it.
       Other similar extension points exist, see Microsoft.Common.targets.
  <Target Name="BeforeBuild">
  </Target>
  <Target Name="AfterBuild">
  </Target>
  -->
</Project>server while she was U.S. secretary of state dogged her throughout the campaign. Trump accused Clinton of endangering national security by exposing classified information to potential hacking.

Slideshow ( 7 images )

In testimony to Congress two weeks ago, Comey said he felt “mildly nauseous” at the suggestion his actions may have swayed the election, but added that he had no regrets.

Trump fired Comey days later amid the FBI’s probe into whether Trump’s campaign colluded with Russia to defeat Clinton, an allegation the president has denied.

Weiner, who served parts of New York City for 12 years in the U.S. House of Representatives, resigned in 2011 after an explicit photograph was posted on his Twitter account. He initially claimed his account had been hacked but eventually acknowledged he had sent the


/*
 * Copyright 2006-2009, 2017, 2020 United States Government, as represented by the
 * Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * The NASA World Wind Java (WWJ) platform is licensed under the Apache License,
 * Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed
 * under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR
 * CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 *
 * NASAQ:

Read json serialised objects back from a file

I am aiming to serialise a set of objects into a file so as to create a backup.  I have the start of that working, using a methods on the models (simplified here, assuming I have two ActiveRecords foo and bar):
def backup(file, foo, bar)
  file.write(foo.to_json(root: true))
  file.write(bar.to_json(root: true))
end

This gives me a file as I desire, in this case with two records:
{"foo":{"Account_id":1,"Name":"F","created_at":"2013-04-16T10:06:19Z","id":1,"updated_at":"2013-04-20T11:36:23Z"}}
{"bar":{"Account_id":1,"Name":"B","created_at":"2013-04-16T10:06:19Z","id":1,"updated_at":"2013-04-20T11:36:23Z"}}

At a later date I then want to read that backup in and reinstantiate those objects, probably then persisting them back to the database.  My aim is to iterate through the file checking the type of each object, then instantiating the right object.


that goes in the "some magic" section.  I can just write the code to parse the line directly to determine whether it's a foo or a bar, but I feel like there's probably some tricky Rails/Ruby way to do this that is automatic.  Unfortunately, in this case Google is not being my friend.  All I can see are pages that are focused on json in the web requests, but not parsing json back in this way.  Is there something I'm missing, or should I just write the code to split the string directly and read the object type?
If I do write the code to split the string directly, I would write something along the lines of:
objectType = line[/^{"(\w*)"=>(.*)}/, 1]
objectHash =Check out our new site Makeup Addiction

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I prefer to eat cookies without dipping them in milk


               stream.indentation(),
                 type);
  }

  function fakeToken(type) {
    return aToken(type,0,0,type);
  }

  function peekToken(state,depth) {
    var len = state.tokenStack.length;
    var dep = (depth ? depth : 1);

    if (len < dep) {
      return false;
    }else{
      return state.tokenStack[len-dep];
    }
  }

  function pushToken(state,token) {

    if (!(token.type == "comment" || token.type == "whitespace")) {
      state.tokenStack = maybe_drop_pre(state.tokenStack,token);
     state.tokenStack = maybe_drop_post(state.tokenStack);
    }
  }

  function maybe_drop_pre(s,token) {
    var last = s.length-1;

    if (0 < last && s[last].type === "record" && token.type === "dot") {
      s.pop();
    }else if (0 < last && s[last].type === "group") {
      s.pop();
      s.push(token);
    }else{
      s.push(token);
    }
    return s;
  }

  function maybe_drop_post(s) {
    if (!s.length) return s
    var last = s.length-1;

    if (s[last].type === "dot") {
      return [];
    }


   // If type is "g", like "i", but add a fake "group" token at the top.
    // If type is "r", it will remove the matched Token, but not the top Token.
    // If type is "e", it will keep the matched Token but not the top Token.
    // If type is "E", it behaves as for type "e", except if there is no match,
    //  in which case it will return an empty stack.

    for (var type in tt) {
      var len = stack.length-1;
      var tokens = tt[type];
      for (var i = len-1;           case "e": return ss.concat(stack[i]);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    return (type == "E" ? [] : stack);
  }

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// indenter

  function indenter(state,textAfter) {
    var t;
    var unit = cmCfg.indentUnit;
    var wordAfter = wordafter(textAfter);
    var currT = peekToken(state,1);
    var prevT = peekToken(state,2);

    if (state.in_string || state.in_atom) {
      return CodeMirror.Pass;
    }else if (!prevT) {
      return 0;
    }else if


if no redistricting of the State had been made by the Legislature. The situation is *237 likened to that which was considered by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in Brown v. Saunders, 159 Va. 28, 166 S. E. 105, wherein the Virginia Apportionment Act of 1932 was declared to be in conflict with the State Constitution in that it failed to divide the State into districts composed of as nearly an equal number of inhabitants as possible, and the court held that it was necessary for the electors in the State at large to select all nine members to represent the State in the national legislature. See also, Carroll v. Becker, 285 U. S. 380, 52 S.Ct. 402, 76 L.Ed. 807; Smiley v. Holm, 285 U.S.the Act of Congress is erroneous and should be changed. This determination we have no power to make.
The case cannot be distinguished in principle from that before the Supreme Court of Nebraska in State v. Boyd, 36 Neb. 181, 54 N.W. 252, 19 L.R.A. 227, where an action was brought to compel the Governor of the State to call an election for three additional members of Congress to fill vacancies caused by the failure of Congress to allot to the State the number of Representatives to which it was entitled under the census of 1890. In dismissing the action the court said: (36 Neb. at pages 188, 189, 54 N.W. at page 254, 19 L.R.A. 227)
"* * * There is much force in the objection that the states


Tissue-specific differences in the role of RNA 3' of the apolipoprotein B mRNA mooring sequence in editosome assembly.
Site-specific editing of apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA by the cytidine deaminase, APOBEC-1 is proposed to require interactions of auxiliary protein(s) with an eleven nucleotide element, the mooring sequence, located 3' of the C --> U editing site. An analysis of the RNA sequence dependence for protein-RNA interactions and editosome assembly in rat liver and the small intestine demonstrated that the mooring sequence was a minimal requirement for these interactions. Sequences 3' of the mooring sequence either interacted with 66 kDa and 44 kDa proteins or enhanced the interactions of these proteins with the mooring sequence. The data also suggested tissue-specific differences in the relative importance of the 3' cis-acting 'enhancer' elementsParty has produced a remarkably strong series of candidates, including Kaine; his predecessor, Jim Webb; and his fellow senator, Mark Warner. Even the less successful Democrats have sabotaged the state’s leading Republican politicians; the former representative Tom Perriello, very narrowly upset the high-profile Republican representative Virgil Goode in 2008, thus terminating Goode’s political career before losing his own reelection campaign two years later. The state’s major Republican candidates have proved defective. George Allen lost his Senate seat to Webb and then failed in his expensive bid to reclaim it six years later. The former governor Bob McDonnell spent the final months of his term under investigation for corruption; a federal grand jury indicted McDonnell and his wife two weeks after the governor concluded his term. The Virginia Republican


seat to Abigail Spanberger, a Democrat, in November. The Tea Party has done the Virginia Republicans few lasting favors, and Trump’s model of conservatism seems to have doomed statewide Republican candidates for the foreseeable future. If George Allen once represented Virginia’s pivotal role in the national Republican project, then Stewart represents blight. For Democrats, Virginia stands as a partisan reversal that has otherwise stalled throughout the South. Tim Kaine didn’t transform Virginia into a Democratic stronghold overnight, and neither did Obama. It took two state parties two decades to turn Virginia blue. For Stewart, it appears, there’s no turning it back.with great force and speed. Then as the piston is pushed down the ‘connecting rod’ pushes against a part of the crankshaft making the engine keep turning.

How the connecting rod works in an engine

We mentioned just before a ‘connecting rod’. This is connected at the bottom of the piston – which it is usually hollow and domed shaped. Within this dome a wrist pin helps to connect the piston and the connecting rod together. This serves to enable the connecting rod to pivot whilst keeping attached to the bottom of the piston.

The reason why this rod is so useful along with it’s related components is that it helps make the crankshaft rotate – see the next section below. You may think that this might be a weak link


Q:

Object vs Extend in Java

I may be wrong as I have not got too much experience with Java, but here is a question.
I have a class which contains many methods (basically it is a simple library).
I create an object of this class let's say MyLibrary obj = new MyLibrary(parameters);
The parameters set up any necessary functionality for the library to run correctly.
Then I can call obj.getSomething/obj.setSomething/obj.createSomething etc etc...
In my main class I really need only one this kind of library object.
Now... Would it be more useful for me not to use it as an object, but put it as extends and then create a function inside of the library like a constructor which I would call manually?

EDIT:
The relation between the one class and MyLibrary is very close. Basically,to their class.

A:

extends is used when you need an inheritance hierarchy.  It seems more logical to put your code in two separate classes here, like you have it now.
Also, if your "library class" does multiple unrelated things, it should probably be split into multiple classes - one for each task.

A:

You should really only use extends when you have a is-a relationship. So, you can think, is my main class a MyLibrary or should my class have a MyLibrary.
From your described problem, it sounds like having MyLibrary is the way to go.


    <Drawer
        type="reset"
        hideNavBar
        key="drawer"
        contentComponent={DrawerContent}
        drawerImage={MenuIcon}
        drawerWidth={Dimensions.get('window').width}
        drawerPosition={'right'}
    >

        <Scene key='tabbar' transitionConfig={() => ({ screenInterpolator: StackViewStyleInterpolator.forHorizontal })} >
            <Scene key="landing" type={ActionConst.REPLACE} component={Landing} title="" titleStyle={styles.centerText} initial />
            <Scene key='landing2' component={LandingComponent} title='Landing Dummy 2' titleStyle={styles.centerText} back={true} backTitle="Back" backButtonImage={newBackIcon}The present invention relates to a machine for slicing baked goods, preferably bagels, that are essentially circular. Large quantities of bagels are sold on the North American continent. Bagles are a type of baked goods essentially of an annular configuration in the form of a bun or roll with a central hole. These are produced by first boiling raw dough so that it grows solid on the outside. The bagel is then baked whereupon, because of its central hole, the interior achieves a uniform firmness.


Q:

To specify Startup Program in Visual C# Express Edition 2008

I usually do the following at office -
Set the startup program for the project to System32\dllhost.exe, and set the
command line arguments for the startup program accordingly.
This used to work perfectly fine, because I was running Visual Studio 2008. However, one of my developers use C# Express Edition and they need to do a similar thing. We are not sure, where to set this or how to do it?
Please suggest how to do this or point us in the right directions.

A:

In the CSProj file, under the PropertyGroup tag, you will have the following tags. Add the appropriate details, and you should be good to go.
<StartAction>Program</StartAction>
<StartArguments>/ProcessId:{C401EBE5-70E8-4AB6-935A-F0589EA01004}</StartArguments>
<StartPage>
</StartPage>
<StartProgram>C:\WINDOWS\system32\dllhost.exe</StartProgram>
<StartURL>
</StartURL>
<StartWorkingDirectory>
</StartWorkingDirectory>
<StartWithIE>true</StartWithIE>

How I did it -

Looked at each file in my system,a flex spot. It's is in the deck because it can remove a stax piece for free on the combo turn (when we need gas) and occasionally ruin someone else's combo when we're tapped out. I could be swapped out.

Thorn of Amethyst could be cut. It's main purpose is to fight Counterspells and to slow people down.

Magic the Gathering, FNM is TM and copyright Wizards of the Coast, Inc, a subsidiary of Hasbro, Inc. All rights reserved. This site is unaffiliated. Articles and comments are user-submitted and do not represent official endorsements of this site.


amended plan of reorganization was entered on July 21, 1980. The debtor was unsuccessful and the case was subsequently converted to Chapter 7 liquidation on June 15, 1981.
After conversion of the case, the Internal Revenue Service filed claims for unpaid employment and unemployment taxes for which the reorganized debtor became liable after confirmation of the plan of reorganization and before the case was converted to a Chapter 7 liquidation. The IRS filed claims for administrative expenses for the unpaid taxes under 11 U.S.C. § 503(b)(1)(B)(i) which provides:
After notice and a hearing, there shall be allowed, administrative expenses, other than claims allowed under section 502(f) of this title, including
any tax
incurred by the estate, except a tax of a kind specified in section 507(a)(6) of this title;. . . .
Thepackage org.jboss.resteasy.core.request;

import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.MathContext;

/**
 * A individual variant quality bean for the RVSA (Remote Variant Selection Algorithm).
 *
 * @author Pascal S. de Kloe
 * @see "RFC 2296"
 */
public class VariantQuality
{

   private QualityValue mediaTypeQualityValue = QualityValue.DEFAULT;
   private QualityValue characterSetQualityValue = QualityValue.DEFAULT;
   private QualityValue encodingQualityValue = QualityValue.DEFAULT;
   private QualityValue languageQualityValue = QualityValue.DEFAULT;

   private MediaType requestMediaType;

   public VariantQuality()
   {
   }

   public void setMediaTypeQualityValue(QualityValue value)
   {
      if (value == null)
         mediaTypeQualityValue = QualityValue.DEFAULT;
      else
         mediaTypeQualityValue = value;
   }

   public void


Why You Should Use WordPress To Run Your Business Website

With a more than efficient CMS and a popularity that goes beyond the limit set by the sky, WordPress development has brought to one of the most exciting times of the ongoing tech revolution. Having more than 60 million people across the world using this platform, WordPress seems to have offered not just a unique, but probably the perfect solution to every business need out there.

The question that comes to mind then, is that what’s the reason that almost every business solution today starts with the intervention of a WordPress development company?Let’s look at the possible answers:

Not Too Expensive at All!

With WordPress, you can never run into any budgetary problems, as it’s been made in open source, and isplatform they work on has each and every post or web page built with inbuilt keywords, as well as meta tags, title, and description. That, combined with SEO plugins, and SEO campaigns that you might run – it will prove to be a very SEO effective way to build your website.

A True Responsive Design

No website can do much good if it doesn’t have a responsive design. Partnering up with a WordPress development company can save you from becoming one of those website owners who always wonder why they don’t attract much traffic, or why their bounce rate is so high!

There is absolutely no alternative to creating a website design that is responsive to your audience. And the quality of a truly responsive site is that it conforms to


pre-existing components in large quantities, where minute component sizes are involved, and where extremely high resolution and a high degree of reproducibility of results are required.
In the electronics industry, computer chips are typically manufactured by configuring a large number of integrated circuits on a wafer and subdividing the wafer to form singulated devices or dice. Such dice, including so-called “flip-chip” dice, have “solder bumps” or other conductors, or conductive structures, for electrically connecting each die to circuitry external thereto. These conductors are also useful for temporary connection of a die to a test circuit to determine its fitness for the intended use. Tests may be conducted before or after the die has been packaged.
One type of conventional test apparatus that is used to test the electrical characteristics ofaligned with a test substrate, test pads of the test substrate temporarily mate or contact the conductors of the semiconductor device. Such test apparatus can be configured to test bare or minimally packaged semiconductor dice or packaged semiconductor devices, such as ball grid array (BGA) packages and chip-scale packages (CSPs).
Conventionally, the bond wires of a test apparatus have been covered with a silicone gel or a nonconductive epoxy “glob-top” material. As such materials can flow, the use of such materials typically also requires that external fences or walls be used to contain such materials in the desired locations. Internal fences or walls may also be required to prevent such glob top, silicone, and other materials from flowing onto the test pads of a test substrate, which can prevent


4.x manually using YAML files or through the OpenShift Container Platform Operator Hub. Also, the YAML files describing the CRDs provided with AMQ streams now support multiple versions. Additionally, it is now possible to add or remove volumes from JBOD storage and you can now increase the size of the persistent volumes used for the storage of messages and logs in an existing AMQ streams cluster. To simplify the deployment, the number of container images for AMQ streams has been significantly reduced.

Together with the above new features, this release includes breakthrough previews:

AMQ streams HTTP bridge

Debezium Change Data Capture (CDC) connectors

CDC connectors are based on the upstream project Debezium and are being made available to work with Red Hat AMQ Streams. When running in a container, Debezium captures row-level }

        if (!$this->cacheable) {
            $response->headers->set('Cache-Control', 'no-cache, must-revalidate');

            return;
        }

        $this->ttls[] = $response->getTtl();
        $this->maxAges[] = $response->getMaxAge();

        if ($this->isNotCacheableResponseEmbedded) {
            $response->headers->removeCacheControlDirective('s-maxage');
        } elseif (null !== $maxAge = min($this->maxAges)) {
            $response->setSharedMaxAge($maxAge);
            $response->headers->set('Age', $maxAge


Respiratory distress syndrome at birth is a risk factor for hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infections in infancy.
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI; specifically, respiratory syncytial virus) are important causes of morbidity in infancy. Whether RDS at birth is an independent risk factor for LRTI is unknown. This study estimated the risk of LRTI-related hospitalization among late preterm infants with a history of RDS. The population-based cohort from Québec included all late preterm infants (32-36 weeks gestational age) born in 1996 to 1997. RDS was identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 769, and a comparison cohort generated from all without RDS. A multivariable model estimated the adjusted odds ratio of LRTI-related hospitalization among late preterm infants with a historywild-type BALB/c mice, with MPER immunogens obtained from Dr. Haynes. To begin to test the role of tolerance, Dr. Schroeder will also challenge mutant and wild-type DH locus mice on BALB/c, C57BL/6, and C57BL/6 sle1/sle2/sle3 congenic backgrounds, each of which progressively increases susceptibility to the generation of autoreactive antibodies. Dr. George Shaw will evaluate the sera from these mice for the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Drs. Schroeder and Kearney will generate hybridomas from those mice that express neutralizing MPER antibodies and obtain monoclonal antibodies for further study. These anti-MPER monoclonal antibodies will be further screened for neutralization and for autoreactivity. Their binding properties will be examined. Finally, their V domains will be cloned and sequenced to further correlate the relationship between neutralization and CDR-H3 length or hydrophobicity. The


// Portions Copyright (c) 2006 - 2008, Clark & Parsia, LLC. <http://www.clarkparsia.com>
// Clark & Parsia, LLC parts of this source code are available under the terms of the Affero General Public License v3.
//
// Please see LICENSE.txt for full license terms, including the availability of proprietary exceptions.
// Questions, comments, or requests for clarification: licensing@clarkparsia.com
//
// ---
// Portions Copyright (c) 2003 Ron Alford, Mike Grove, Bijan Parsia, Evren Sirin
// Alford, Grove, Parsia, Sirin parts of this source code are available under the terms of the MIT License.
//
// The MIT License
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,for Drummond Company in 1975 and thus has had various roles
and titles within the corporation, including President and Chief Operating Officer of Drummond
Ltd., and, at various times, Vice President of Special Projects, Vice President and Assistant to the
CEO, and President of Mining for Drummond Company. As pertinent here, he was in charge of
mining and security in Colombia. Jimenez served as President of Drummond Ltd.’s Colombian
branch, supervising the development and implementation of security plans. Tracy is a U.S.
citizen, whereas Jimenez is a Colombian citizen.


                                       5
                Case: 13-15503         Date Filed: 03/25/2015        Page: 6 of 75

granted Defendants’ motion in part, dismissing the crimes against humanity claim

on the grounds that the attacks by the AUC were not attacks on a civilian

population. Plaintiffs then filed a second amended complaint removing the

pseudonyms and disclosing their identities. 2 The complaint identified in detail

each Plaintiff, his or her relationship to8 of 75

wrongful death claims under Colombian law before the district court. The court

denied Plaintiffs’ motion, and this appeal ensued.

                      II. ALIEN TORT STATUTE CLAIMS

      On appeal, we are called upon to determine whether Plaintiffs’ ATS

claims—that U.S. citizens, acting in part from within the United States, aided and

abetted or otherwise contributed to human rights violations committed outside the

United States—sufficiently “touch and concern” the territory of the United States

so that we have jurisdiction to consider Plaintiffs’ claims.

      The “touch and concern” standard is set forth in Kiobel, wherein the

Supreme Court held that ATS claims are subject to the


                               8
                 Case: 13-15503       Date Filed: 03/25/2015     Page: 9 of 75

Co. (Baloco II)4 and Cardona v. Chiquita Brands International, Inc. 5 Both

decisions impose jurisdictional constraints that are not required by the Court’s

holding in Kiobel, but they also leave unanswered a considerable number of

questions as to this circuit’s interpretation and application of Kiobel’s operative

language.

       Still, the application of our prior opinions to this case compels a findingCt. at 1664–65,

1669; Mastafa, 770 F.3d at 179.

(2) The Supreme Court’s Kiobel Decision

       In Kiobel, the Court considered “whether and under what circumstances

courts may recognize a cause of action under the [ATS], for violations of the law

of nations occurring within the territory of a sovereign other than the United
       9
          State action may also be required for ATS claims, although we have recognized that
private defendants may be liable “under the law of nations, for some conduct, such as war
crimes, regardless of whether they acted under color of law of a foreign nation.” Romero, 552
F.3d at 1316. Here, the district court found that any state action requirement was


       Date Filed: 03/25/2015       Page: 19 of 75

arising under the Securities Exchange Act. 13 In Morrison, the Court set forth the

“focus” test, which requires courts to determine the “focus” of the statute it is

considering; “the ‘focus’ of congressional concern” or the conduct “that the statute

seeks to ‘regulate’” must occur in the territory of the United States to rebut the

presumption. 14

       Applying the focus test, the Second Circuit found that the focus of

jurisdictional inquiries under the ATS is “on conduct and on the location of that

conduct”; specifically, “the conduct alleged to violate the law of nations” or, as

relevant to the case before the Mastafa court, the conduct “alleged to aid andStates, the claim will be

barred and no further jurisdictional inquiry will be required.21

       Applying these standards, the Baloco II panel determined that, if the

“‘relevant conduct’ inquiry extend[ed] to the place of decision-making—as

       20
         To be clear, the Morrison focus test refers to the focus of the statute (that is, the
conduct regulated therein or purposes thereof), not the focus of the claim or that of the conduct.
       21
           In this way, Baloco II’s instruction comports with Kiobel and Morrison. The rule from
Kiobel is not “claims are barred where relevant conduct occurred abroad,” but


acts of torture or extrajudicial killing, the

acts are in violation of the law of nations within the meaning of the . . . [ATS]”).

When the claim is for secondary responsibility, we must also consider the location

of any underlying conduct, such as where the actual injuries were inflicted. 24 See

Baloco II, 767 F.3d at 1236, 1238–39; Cardona, 760 F.3d at 1189, 1191.

       24
           This factor is weighty but not dispositive to our jurisdictional determination. Although
the other factors were insufficient to warrant displacement of the presumption against
extraterritoriality in our earlier decisions, we decline to construe our precedent as finding that
facts other than the extraterritorial or domestic location of the underlying conduct are irrelevant.
Not onlyUnited States, including Defendants’ decisions

to conspire with and aid and abet the AUC’s commission of extrajudicial killings

and war crimes and agreement to fund the AUC. We address each in turn.

(1) U.S. Citizenship

       Plaintiffs argue that their case is distinct from Kiobel because Drummond

Company and Drummond Ltd. are American corporations and Tracy is a U.S.

citizen. Further, the corporate entities here maintain more than “mere corporate

presence” in the territory of the United States; they also are incorporated in a state

within the territory of the United States and their principal place of business is

located within the United States. Cf. Kiobel, 569 U.S. at ___, 133 S. Ct. 1669

(noting that “mere corporate presence” does not displace the presumption).

       We must


status” may be relevant in conjunction with other factors toward
establishing a sufficient connection between an ATS claim and the territory of the United States);
with Mastafa, 770 F.3d at 189 (disagreeing “with the contention that a defendant’s U.S.
citizenship has any relevance to the jurisdictional analysis,” because the crucial inquiry is
whether “alleged conduct by anyone—U.S. citizen or not— . . . took place in the United States
and aided and abetted a violation of the law of nations”).

                                               33
      with “sufficient

force” to displace the presumption and permit jurisdiction. See id. at 1236.

(3) U.S. Conduct

      Plaintiffs have also alleged that U.S.-based conduct distinguishes their

claims from those of the plaintiffs in Kiobel. In Kiobel, all relevant conduct

occurred outside the United States, and the Court limited its holding to those facts.

See 569 U.S. at ___, 133 S. Ct. at 1669. Plaintiffs’ case, as with the cases before

the court in Cardona and Baloco II, requires us to determine whether the

presumption is displaced when some relevant conduct occurs domestically. This

inquiry is key. While the previous factors are relevant to determining whether the

claims touch and concern the United States and have a U.S. focus, our precedent

indicates that the sufficiency question—whether the claims do so with “sufficient


set forth in the

TVPA or the theories of liability recognized in support thereof. 41 See, e.g.,

Sinaltrainal, 578 F.3d at 1263–64 (noting ways in which “[t]he TVPA is broader

       41
          Defendants confuse the ATS and TVPA, as did the district court. While international
law is crucial to the ATS analysis, see supra Part II(A)(1), the TVPA sets forth the prohibited
behavior within the Act itself. Contrary to claims brought under the ATS, claims under the
TVPA are in no way dependent on a violation of customary international law.

                                   In these circumstances, the command responsibility doctrine could not sustain
Plaintiffs’ claims. Specifically, Plaintiffs failed to produce any evidence that plausibly supports
the first element of the doctrine, the superior-subordinate relationship, which requires that the
defendants have “effective control” over the perpetrators. See Ford, 289 F.3d at 1288, 1290.
The record does not reflect that Tracy or Jimenez were in a position of authority or control such
that either defendant could be held legally responsible as either de facto superiors or de jure
authorities for actions that were ultimately committed by the AUC. See id. at 1290–91.