Conditions: Crohn's Disease
Keywords: Crohn's disease Inflammatory bowel disease Fluoroquinolones Inflammation Intestine Digestive tract Abdominal pain Diarrhea
Allocation: RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: PARALLEL
Enrollment: 3
Healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects and safety of OPS-2071 (150, 300, or 600 mg twice a day \[BID\]) versus placebo, as add-on therapy in participants with Crohn's disease who show symptoms of active inflammation despite being on ongoing treatment.

Detailed description:
OPS-2071 is a novel agent that is currently being developed for the treatment of Crohn's disease and was previously investigated for the treatment of enteric infection, including those caused by Clostridium difficile. OPS-2071 belongs to the fluoroquinolone family of compounds and has shown anti-inflammatory and potent antibacterial activity in in vitro and in vivo assays. OPS-2071 is anticipated to be effective in the treatment of Crohn's disease due to its unique mode of action. In vitro investigations of OPS-2071 showed a dual mechanism of action, including a potent, broad spectrum antibacterial effect and a strong anti-inflammatory effect that translated into significant attenuation of numerous cytokines, including TNF-alpha (TNF-α) screening.

Arms:
arm 1: Participants were to receive OPS-2071 150 mg, tablets, orally, twice daily (BID) in the morning and evening (8 to 12 hours apart) with 240 milliliters (mL) of water for up to 12 weeks. arm 2: Participants received OPS-2071 300 mg, tablets, orally, BID in the morning and evening (8 to 12 hours apart) with 240 mL of water for up to 6 weeks. arm 3: Participants were to receive OPS-2071 600 mg, tablets, orally, BID in the morning and evening (8 to 12 hours apart) with 240 mL of water for up to 12 weeks. arm 4: Participants received OPS-2071-matched placebo, tablets, orally, BID in morning and evening (8 to 12 hours apart) with 240 mL of water for up to 4 weeks.

Interventions: intervention 1: OPS-2071 intervention 2: Placebo
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: OPS-2071 300 mg, tablets, orally, BID. intervention 2: OPS-2071-matched placebo, tablets, orally, BID.

Protocol document:
Prot_000.pdf: 
 
Official Title: 
Efficacy and Safety of Oral OPS-2071 in Subjects With Crohn's Disease 
Showing Symptoms of Active Inflammation Despite Ongoing Treatment 
NCT Number: 
NCT03850509 
 
Document Date: 
 
Protocol Version 4.0: 22 January 2020 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 




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Protocol Synopsis 
Name of Sponsor: Otsuka Pharmaceutical 
Development & Commercialization, Inc.
Name of Investigational Medicinal Product:
OPS-2071
Protocol No.: 341-201-00004
IND No.: 137377
EudraCT No.: 2019-000176-41
Protocol Title:
A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, 
Placebo-controlled, Proof-of-Concept Trial to Assess the 
Efficacy and Safety of Orally Administered OPS-2071 for 
12 Weeks in Subjects With Crohn’s Disease Showing 
Symptoms of Active Inflammation Despite Ongoing 
Treatment
Clinical Phase/Trial 
Type:
Phase 2/Therapeutic use
Treatment Indication: Crohn’s disease
Objective(s): 
Primary: To investigate the therapeutic effect of OPS-2071 
(150, 300, or 600 mg twice a day [BID]) add-on therapy 
administered orally for 12 weeks in subjects with Crohn’s 
disease showing symptoms of active inflammation despite 
ongoing treatment.
Secondary: To determine the safety and tolerability of 
OPS-2071 (150, 300, or 600 mg BID) add-on therapy 
administered orally for 12 weeks in subjects with Crohn’s 
disease showing symptoms of active inflammation despite 
ongoing treatment.
Trial Design:
This is a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, 
placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept trial to assess the efficacy 
and safety of 3 doses of OPS-2071 (150, 300, or 600 mg BID) 
in subjects with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active 
inflammation despite ongoing treatment. OPS-2071 will be 
added to ongoing treatment for Crohn’s disease. Details of 
ongoing treatment are provided below in the inclusion and 
exclusion criteria.
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Screening will occur up to 28 days prior to randomization. At 
the start of the screening period, a fecal sample will be 
collected for stool microbiology testing (eg, for culture,
Clostridium difficile, ova and parasites) and to exclude any 
type of infectious colitis, and to assess the fecal microbiota. 
During the screening period, subjects will be dispensed an 
electronic diary to complete to collect data for the baseline 
Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) assessment. After 
completion of the diary for 7 days, subjects will undergo 
bowel preparation for 3 days (consisting of 2 days of dietary 
modifications and 1 day of cleansing bowel preparation) and 
then an ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will occur (within 7 to 
10 days prior to Day 1). The ileocolonoscopy will be centrally 
read to assess inflammation in order to confirm trial eligibility.
Optional cytomegalovirus testing can be done on the biopsy 
specimen, if clinically indicated.
Eligible subjects will be randomized on Day 1 in a 1:1:1:1 
ratio to 1 of 4 treatments: placebo BID, OPS-2071 150 mg 
BID, OPS-2071 300 mg BID, or OPS-2071 600 mg BID. The 
randomization will be stratified by CDAI score (CDAI 
180 - 300 and CDAI > 300 - 450) and concomitant Crohn’s 
disease medication status (subjects who are treated with 
anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody, subjects who are treated 
with low-dose steroids, and subjects who are treated with other 
Crohn’s disease medications). Blood samples for 
pharmacokinetic analysis will be collected throughout the 
12-week treatment period according to the schedule of 
assessments. A 30-day (post-treatment) follow-up assessment 
will be performed for all subjects; the CDAI score will be 
calculated, inflammatory biomarkers and microbiota flora will 
be checked, and safety measures will be performed. Subjects 
who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications 
or take a new therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial are 
considered as treatment failures (nonresponders). 
Subject Population:
Approximately 240 male and female subjects between the ages 
of 18 and 70 (inclusive), with Crohn’s disease and showing 
symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing treatment, 
will be randomized. Active mucosal inflammation will be 
confirmed by centrally read ileocolonoscopy.
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Inclusion/Exclusion 
Criteria: 
Key inclusion criteria:

Diagnosis of Crohn's disease localized in the ileum and/or 
colon, with active mucosal inflammation and visible 
lesion(s), documented by centrally read ileocolonoscopy
and a Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease 
(SES-CD) ≥6 (≥4 for isolated ileal disease).

Subjects who do not have an optimal response (daily stool 
frequency > 3 and pain score > 1) to their current ongoing 
treatment of biologics (eg, first anti-tumor necrosis 
factor-alpha [TNF-α] monoclonal antibody), 
immunosuppressants, low-dose steroids, or 
5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) formulations.
Note: The minimum duration of prior treatment required 
for a subject to be considered as having a nonoptimal 
response includes completing at least the recommended 
induction regimen for approved biologics and/or treatment 
at a therapeutic dose for a stable duration that would be 
anticipated to result in improvement (ie, 12 weeks for 
azathioprine, 4 weeks for methotrexate).

Subjects who are on stable Crohn’s disease medications for 
at least 4 weeks.

Subjects with a CDAI score between 180 and 450 points, 
inclusive.
Key exclusion criteria:

Use of prednisone or prednisolone > 30 mg/day or 
budesonide > 9 mg/day within 4 weeks prior to screening; 
or intravenous steroids within 4 weeks prior to screening. 

Subjects with known or suspected (family history, 
unexplained syncope) long QT syndrome or QT interval 
corrected for heart rate by the Fridericia formula 
(QTcF) > 470 msec for females or > 450 msec for males at 
baseline.

Subjects with known existing aortic aneurysm, or who are 
at risk for an aortic aneurysm, such as subjects with 
peripheral atherosclerotic vascular diseases, uncontrolled 
hypertension, certain genetic conditions such as Marfan 
syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and elderly 
subjects (over the age of 70).
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
Subjects with inadequate organ function, as follows:

Serum creatinine > 1.5 the upper limit of normal 
(ULN) 

Aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase 
levels > 1.5 ULN

Total bilirubin > 1.5 ULN. Elevated unconjugated 
bilirubin related to Gilbert's syndrome is allowed.

Known hypersensitivity to quinolones or other significant 
adverse reaction to quinolones.

Subjects with a history of treatment failure with 2 or more 
biologics.
Note: The rationale for excluding subjects who have failed 
2 or more biologics is due to the fact that they may 
represent an especially difficult-to-treat population (ie,
medically refractory) that may not benefit substantially 
from fluoroquinolones and/or will likely need additional,
more invasive treatment (ie, surgical resection).

Subjects with risk factors for tendon rupture (ie, psoriasis, 
ankylosing spondylitis, competitive athletes, renal failure, 
diabetes mellitus) or who have a history of tendon rupture 
and/or ongoing tendinopathy.

Subjects with systolic blood pressure > 150 mmHg or 
diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg.

Subjects taking quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, 
encainide, flecainide, sotalol, amiodarone, ibutilide, 
dronedarone, or propafenone.
Trial Site(s): 
Approximately 100 trial sites in the United States, Canada, and 
Europe.
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Investigational 
Medicinal Product(s), 
Dose, Dosage 
regimen, Treatment 
period, Formulation, 
Mode of 
Administration:
Eligible subjects will be randomized on Day 1 to 1 of 
4 treatments: placebo BID, OPS-2071 150 mg BID, OPS-2071 
300 mg BID, or OPS-2071 600 mg BID. The investigational 
medicinal product (IMP) will be supplied as 150-mg and 
300-mg OPS-2071 tablets, and matching placebo tablets. The 
IMP will be administered as oral tablets, BID (8 to 12 hours 
apart), starting on Day 1 for a total of 12 weeks. The timing of 
the first dose of IMP will be at the subject’s or trial site’s 
discretion. Each subject will take 6 tablets daily (to maintain 
blinding); 3 tablets for the morning dose and 3 tablets 8 to 
12 hours later. The IMP will be administered with up to 
240 mL (8 fluid ounces) of still water, at least 1 hour before or 
after a meal. Water intake will be restricted for 1 hour before 
and after the morning dose of IMP at Day 1 and Week 6 for 
the robust blood sampling.
Trial Assessments:
Efficacy: CDAI score, SES-CD, and the two-item patient 
reported outcome (PRO-2).
Pharmacokinetic: Blood samples will be collected to 
determine the concentrations of OPS-2071 and its metabolite, 
M34101.
Pharmacodynamic (biomarkers): A blood sample will be 
collected to assess C-reactive protein (CRP) and a fecal sample 
will be collected to assess fecal calprotectin (FCP).
Safety: adverse event (AE) reporting, clinical laboratory tests, 
physical examinations (including height and weight), vital 
signs, and 12-lead electrocardiograms.
Screening/Other: demography, medical and medication 
history, viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus 
screen, urine pregnancy test, optional follicle-stimulating 
hormone (FSH) test, urine alcohol and drug screen, 
ileocolonoscopy with biopsy, fecal microbiota, daily subject
diary, and blood sampling for future biospecimen research.
Criteria for 
Evaluation:
Primary Endpoint: The percentage of subjects who, at 
Week 12, achieve clinical remission (defined as a CDAI score 
< 150).
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Secondary Efficacy Endpoints:
1) The percentage of subjects with endoscopic response, 
defined as a reduction of the SES-CD by at least 50%, at 
Week 12.
2) Change from baseline in the SES-CD score.
3) The percentage of subjects with PRO-2 remission (defined 
as stool frequency ≤ 3 times per day and abdominal pain 
≤1) at Week 12.
4) The percentage of subjects with clinical response, defined 
as at least a 25% decrease in the CDAI score, at Week 12.
5) The percentage of subjects who, at Week 12, achieve 
endoscopic remission (defined as a SES-CD score of 0 to 
2; or a score of 0 to 4, with no individual subscore greater 
than 1).
6) The percentage of subjects with a decrease from baseline 
of ≥100 points in the CDAI score.
Secondary Safety Endpoint: The percentage of subjects by 
specific AEs, which will be recorded with the onset date, 
resolution or stabilization date, severity grade, and relatedness 
to IMP.
Exploratory Endpoints:
1) By-visit analysis of CDAI remission (defined as a CDAI 
score < 150).
2) By-visit analysis of PRO-2 remission (defined as stool 
frequency ≤3 times per day and abdominal pain ≤1).
3) The percentage of subjects with a biological response in 
subjects with elevated levels of CRP, defined as a 
reduction in the level of CRP to within the normal range or 
by at least 15%, at Week 6, Week 12, and at the 30-day 
follow-up.
4) The percentage of subjects with a biological response in 
subjects with elevated levels of FCP, defined as a 
reduction in the level of FCP to within the normal range or 
by at least 15%, at Week 6, Week 12, and at the 30-day 
follow-up.
5) Characterization of the fecal microbiota profile and 
abundance based on taxonomic and functional annotation 
from next-generation sequencing, change from baseline, 
and association with phenotype, at Week 2, Week 12, and 
at the 30-day follow-up.
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Statistical Methods:
Sample Size:
For the primary endpoint of clinical remission (CDAI score 
< 150), assuming a 40% response rate in the OPS-2071 
600 mg BID and 300 mg BID dose groups and a 20% response 
rate in the placebo group, 60 randomized subjects per 
treatment group would provide 80% power to detect a 
treatment difference between the OPS-2071 pooled dose 
groups (600 mg BID and 300 mg BID) and the placebo group
in the primary endpoint, using a 2-sided alpha of 0.05. The 
total sample size of the trial is 240 randomized subjects with 
1:1:1:1 randomization to OPS-2071 600 mg BID, 300 mg BID, 
or 150 mg BID, or placebo BID. The power of individual dose 
comparison with placebo under the same assumption is 67%.
For the secondary endpoint of endoscopic response, assuming 
a 26.5% response rate in the OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 
300 mg BID dose groups and a 10% response rate in the 
placebo group, 60 subjects per treatment group would provide 
80% power for the comparison between the OPS-2071 pooled 
dose groups (600 mg BID and 300 mg BID) and the placebo 
group, and 65% power for the individual dose comparison 
with placebo, using a 2-sided alpha of 0.05.
Primary Endpoint Analysis:
Subjects with stable dosages in their baseline Crohn’s disease 
medications will be randomized into treatment groups of 
OPS-2071 600 mg BID, 300 mg BID, or 150 mg BID, or 
placebo BID, stratified by CDAI score (CDAI 180 - 300 and 
CDAI > 300 - 450) and concomitant Crohn’s disease 
medication status (subjects who are treated with anti-TNF-α
monoclonal antibody, subjects who are treated with low-dose 
steroids, and subjects who are treated with other Crohn’s 
disease medications) for 12-week treatments. Dosages of 
baseline Crohn’s disease medications are expected to be 
maintained constant throughout the full duration of the trial. 
However, doses of baseline Crohn’s disease medications can 
be decreased per the investigator’s judgment. If a higher 
dosage of a baseline Crohn’s disease medication or a new 
medication for Crohn’s disease is to be administrated to a 
subject during the double-blind treatment period, the subject 
will be considered as a treatment failure (nonremission subject 
or nonresponder) in the analyses of the primary and secondary 
endpoints.
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Trial Duration:
The duration of this trial from first subject enrolled to last 
subject completed is estimated to be approximately 22 months. 
Individual participation for subjects who complete the trial 
without early withdrawal will be up to 20 weeks, consisting of 
the following: screening period of up to 28 days, a 12-week 
treatment period, and a 30-day (post-treatment) follow-up 
assessment.
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Table of Contents 
Protocol Synopsis...........................................................................................2
Table of Contents.........................................................................................11
List of In-text Tables ...................................................................................16
List of In-text Figures..................................................................................17
List of Appendices........................................................................................18
List of Abbreviations and Definitions of Terms .......................................19
1
Introduction ........................................................................................21
1.1
Nonclinical Data................................................................................................22
1.2
Clinical Data......................................................................................................23
1.3
Known and Potential Risks and Benefits ..........................................................25
2
Trial Rationale and Objectives..........................................................27
2.1
Trial Rationale...................................................................................................27
2.2
Dosing Rationale...............................................................................................28
2.3
Trial Objectives.................................................................................................28
3
Trial Design.........................................................................................28
3.1
Type/Design of Trial .........................................................................................28
3.2
Trial Treatments ................................................................................................31
3.3
Trial Population.................................................................................................31
3.3.1
Number of Subjects and Description of Population .......................................31
3.3.2
Subject Selection and Numbering ..................................................................31
3.4
Eligibility Criteria..............................................................................................31
3.4.1
Informed Consent ...........................................................................................31
3.4.2
Inclusion Criteria ............................................................................................33
3.4.3
Exclusion Criteria...........................................................................................33
3.5
Endpoints...........................................................................................................35
3.5.1
Primary Endpoint............................................................................................35
3.5.2
Secondary Endpoints ......................................................................................35
3.5.2.1
Secondary Efficacy Endpoints....................................................................35
3.5.2.2
Secondary Safety Endpoint.........................................................................35
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3.5.3
Exploratory Endpoints....................................................................................35
3.6
Measures to Minimize/Avoid Bias....................................................................36
3.7
Trial Procedures ................................................................................................36
3.7.1
Schedule of Assessments................................................................................41
3.7.1.1
Screening (Day −28 to Day −1) ..................................................................41
3.7.1.2
Day 1...........................................................................................................42
3.7.1.3
Day 8 (± 2 days)..........................................................................................43
3.7.1.4
Week 2 (± 2 days) .......................................................................................44
3.7.1.5
Week 4 (± 2 days) .......................................................................................44
3.7.1.6
Week 6 (± 2 days) .......................................................................................45
3.7.1.7
Week 8 (± 2 days) .......................................................................................46
3.7.1.8
Week 10 (± 2 days) .....................................................................................46
3.7.1.9
Week 12 (+ 2 days)/End of Treatment........................................................47
3.7.1.10
30-day Post-treatment Follow-up (± 2 days) ..............................................48
3.7.2
Efficacy Assessments .....................................................................................48
3.7.2.1
Crohn’s Disease Activity Index ..................................................................48
3.7.2.2
Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD) .........................49
3.7.2.3
Two-item Patient Reported Outcome (PRO-2)...........................................49
3.7.2.4
Subject Diary...............................................................................................49
3.7.2.5
Investigator Assessments ............................................................................50
3.7.3
Safety Assessments.........................................................................................50
3.7.3.1
Adverse Events............................................................................................50
3.7.3.2
Clinical Laboratory Assessments................................................................50
3.7.3.3
Physical Examination and Vital Signs........................................................52
3.7.3.4
Electrocardiogram Assessments..................................................................52
3.7.3.5
Other Safety Assessments...........................................................................53
3.7.3.5.1
Ileocolonoscopy With Biopsy .................................................................53
3.7.4
Prior and Concomitant Medications...............................................................53
3.7.5
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Assessments .........................................54
3.7.5.1
Pharmacokinetic Assessments ....................................................................54
3.7.5.1.1
Pharmacokinetic Blood Samples.............................................................54
3.7.5.1.2
Pharmacokinetic Urine Samples..............................................................54
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3.7.5.2
Pharmacodynamic Assessments .................................................................55
3.7.6
Fecal Microbiota.............................................................................................55
3.7.7
Future Biospecimen Research Sample Collection..........................................55
3.7.8
End of Treatment/End of Trial .......................................................................56
3.7.9
Independent Data Monitoring Committee......................................................56
3.8
Stopping Rules, Withdrawal Criteria, and Procedures......................................56
3.8.1
Entire Trial or Treatment Arm(s) ...................................................................56
3.8.2
Individual Site.................................................................................................56
3.8.3
Individual Subject Discontinuation ................................................................57
3.8.3.1
Treatment Interruption ................................................................................57
3.8.3.2
Treatment Discontinuation and/or Trial Discontinuation ...........................57
3.8.3.3
Documenting Reasons for Treatment Discontinuation...............................58
3.8.3.4
Withdrawal of Consent ...............................................................................59
3.8.3.5
Continued Trial Participation After IMP Discontinuation..........................60
3.9
Screen Failures ..................................................................................................60
3.10
Definition of Completed Subjects.....................................................................61
3.11
Definition of Subjects Lost to Follow-up..........................................................61
3.12
Subject Compliance...........................................................................................61
3.13
Protocol Deviations...........................................................................................62
4
Restrictions..........................................................................................62
4.1
Prohibited Medications......................................................................................62
4.2
Other Restrictions..............................................................................................63
5
Reporting of Adverse Events.............................................................63
5.1
Definitions.........................................................................................................63
5.2
Eliciting and Reporting Adverse Events ...........................................................65
5.3
Immediately Reportable Events ........................................................................66
5.4
Potential Serious Hepatotoxicity.......................................................................66
5.5
Pregnancy..........................................................................................................66
5.6
Procedure for Breaking the Blind......................................................................68
5.7
Follow-up of Adverse Events............................................................................68
5.7.1
Follow-up of Nonserious Adverse Events......................................................68
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5.7.2
Follow-up of Serious Adverse Events and Immediately Reportable 
Events .............................................................................................................68
5.7.3
Follow-up and Reporting of Serious Adverse Events and Immediately 
Reportable Events Occurring after Last Scheduled Contact ..........................69
6
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis................................69
6.1
Pharmacokinetic Methods.................................................................................69
6.2
Pharmacodynamic Methods ..............................................................................69
6.3
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Methods ..................................................70
6.4
Fecal Microbiota Methods.................................................................................70
6.5
Future Biospecimen Research Methods............................................................70
7
Statistical Analysis..............................................................................70
7.1
Sample Size.......................................................................................................70
7.2
Datasets for Analysis.........................................................................................70
7.3
Handling of Missing Data .................................................................................71
7.3.1
Estimand and Strategies for Addressing Intercurrent Events.........................71
7.4
Primary and Secondary Endpoint Analyses ......................................................72
7.4.1
Primary Endpoint Analysis.............................................................................72
7.4.1.1
Sensitivity of the Primary Endpoint............................................................73
7.4.2
Secondary Endpoint Analysis.........................................................................74
7.4.3
Exploratory Endpoint Analysis.......................................................................76
7.4.4
Interim Analysis..............................................................................................76
7.5
Analysis of Demographic and Baseline Characteristics....................................76
7.6
Safety Analysis..................................................................................................77
7.6.1
Adverse Events ...............................................................................................77
7.6.2
Clinical Laboratory Data ................................................................................77
7.6.3
Physical Examination and Vital Signs Data ...................................................78
7.6.4
Electrocardiogram Data..................................................................................78
8
Management of Investigational Medicinal Product........................78
8.1
Packaging and Labeling ....................................................................................78
8.2
Storage...............................................................................................................78
8.3
Accountability ...................................................................................................79
8.4
Returns and Destruction....................................................................................79
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8.5
Reporting of Product Quality Complaints.........................................................79
8.5.1
Eliciting and Reporting Product Quality Complaints.....................................80
8.5.2
Information Required for Reporting Purposes ...............................................80
8.5.3
Return Process ................................................................................................80
8.5.4
Assessment/Evaluation...................................................................................80
9
Records Management.........................................................................81
9.1
Source Documents.............................................................................................81
9.2
Data Collection..................................................................................................81
9.3
File Management at the Trial Site.....................................................................83
9.4
Records Retention at the Trial Site....................................................................83
10
Quality Control and Quality Assurance...........................................84
10.1
Monitoring.........................................................................................................84
10.2
Auditing.............................................................................................................84
11
Ethics and Responsibility...................................................................84
12
Confidentiality ....................................................................................85
13
Amendment Policy..............................................................................85
14
Publication Authorship Requirements.............................................86
15
References............................................................................................86
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List of In-text Tables
Table 3.4.2-1
Inclusion Criteria ...........................................................................33
Table 3.4.3-1
Exclusion Criteria ..........................................................................33
Table 3.7-1
Schedule of Assessments...............................................................37
Table 3.7.3.2-1
Clinical Laboratory Assessments...................................................51
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List of In-text Figures
Figure 3.1-1
Trial Design Schematic..................................................................30
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List of Appendices
Appendix 1
Handling and Shipment of Bioanalytical Samples ........................88
Appendix 2
Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI)........................................90
Appendix 3
Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD)............91
Appendix 4
Minimum Duration of Prior Treatments for Crohn’s Disease.......92
Appendix 5
Protocol Amendment(s)/Administrative Change(s) ......................93
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List of Abbreviations and Definitions of Terms
Abbreviation
Definition
5-ASA
5-aminosalicylic acid
AE
Adverse event
ALT
Alanine aminotransferase
AST
Aspartate aminotransferase
AUC24h
Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hours
AUC∞
Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero extrapolated 
to infinity
AUCt
Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to the last 
quantifiable concentration
BCRP
Breast cancer resistance protein
BID
Twice a day
CDAI
Crohn’s Disease Activity Index
Cmax
Maximum (peak) plasma concentration of the drug
CMV
Cytomegalovirus
CRO
Clinical Research Organization
CRP
C-reactive protein
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
ECG
Electrocardiogram
FBR
Future biospecimen research
FCP
Fecal calprotectin
FDA
Food and Drug Administration
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GCP
Good Clinical Practice
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
IB
Investigator’s brochure
IBD
Inflammatory bowel disease
ICF
Informed consent form
ICH
International Council on Harmonisation
ICMJE
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors
IDMC
Independent Data Monitoring Committee
IEC
Independent ethics committee
IMP
Investigational medicinal product
IND
Investigational new drug
IRB
Institutional review board
IRE
Immediately reportable event
ITT
Intent-to-treat
LPS
Lipopolysaccharide
NOAEL
No observed adverse effect level
O&P
Ova and parasite
PD
Pharmacodynamic
PK
Pharmacokinetic(s)
POC
Proof-of-concept
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PQC
Product quality complaint
PRO-2
Two-item patient reported outcome
QTc
Corrected QT interval
QTcF
QT interval corrected for heart rate by the Fridericia formula
RBC
Red blood cell
SAE
Serious adverse event
SAP
Statistical analysis plan
SES-CD
Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease
t1/2
Apparent terminal phase half-life
TEAE
Treatment-emergent adverse event
tmax
Time to maximum (peak) concentration
TNF-α
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
UK
United Kingdom
ULN
Upper limit of normal
WBC
White blood cell
WOCBP
Women of childbearing potential
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1
Introduction
OPS-2071 is a novel agent synthesized by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd 
(Otsuka) that is currently being developed for the treatment of Crohn’s disease and was 
previously investigated for the treatment of enteric infections, including those caused by 
Clostridium difficile. Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials conducted to date support advancement 
to the current proof-of-concept (POC) trial.
The prevalence of Crohn’s disease is approximately 26 to 199 cases per 100000 persons 
and the incidence of Crohn’s disease is approximately 3.1 to 14.6 cases per 
100000 person-years.1,2 Crohn’s disease is characterized by inflammation of the mucosa 
in the intestines. Lesions may occur in any part of the gastrointestinal tract, and cause 
abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stools, anemia, weight loss, and other symptoms. 
Crohn’s disease is an immune-mediated condition with unknown etiology, with impacts 
of environmental, microbial, and genetic factors. Among other factors, disruption of the 
balance between the host immune system and the intestinal microbes in Crohn’s disease 
patients may trigger an inflammatory response.3 Current available treatment options have 
numerous unwanted side effects with suboptimal efficacy. Although steroids have 
acceptable efficacy, in combination with other treatments, they have unfavorable side 
effects.4 Crohn’s disease is a chronic disease, progressing through episodes of flare-ups 
of inflammation. The recurring inflammation damages the bowel mucosa and over time
can result in serious complications such as bowel strictures, obstruction, and bacterial 
infection forming abscesses and/or fistulas that can bypass segments of the intestines 
resulting in malnutrition. As a result, at least 50% of patients require surgery in the first 
10 years and approximately 70% to 80% of patients require surgery within their lifetime.5
The high need for surgery indicates that the current available treatments fail to 
successfully address the pathology of Crohn’s disease. Therefore, there are substantial 
unmet needs in this area. 
OPS-2071 belongs to the fluoroquinolone family of compounds and has shown 
anti-inflammatory and potent antibacterial activity in in vitro and in vivo assays. In 
animal studies, it has been shown to be relatively well tolerated and to have low 
bioavailability, resulting in low systemic exposure. OPS-2071 showed a curative effect 
against colitis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) models.6 In in vitro studies, 
OPS-2071 inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production in a dose-dependent 
manner and showed potent antibacterial activity against intestinal bacteria, C difficile.7,8
Thus, OPS-2071 is being developed as a novel agent for the treatment of Crohn’s 
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Disease. This POC trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of OPS-2071 as an add-on 
therapy in subjects with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active inflammation 
despite ongoing treatment.
Please refer to the Investigator’s Brochure (IB) for more detailed information.9 A brief 
summary of nonclinical and clinical data is included below.
1.1
Nonclinical Data
An overview of the nonclinical profile of OPS-2071 following oral administration is 
provided below.
The efficacy of OPS-2071 was evaluated in a mouse model (naive T-cell transfer model) 
of IBD. OPS-2071 at a dose of ≥5 mg/kg demonstrated both therapeutic and preventive 
effects on colon inflammation in the IBD model. Additionally, OPS-2071 was shown to 
inhibit the production of TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated TNF-α release in 
human whole blood in a dose-dependent manner and exhibited a marked potency when 
compared to ciprofloxacin, rifaximin, and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in the same 
assay.
Following single oral administration in mice, hamsters, rats, and monkeys, the plasma 
exposure of OPS-2071 increased with dose escalation. The oral bioavailability of 
OPS-2071 at 1 mg/kg was 2.9% in male rats and 5.0% in male monkeys. 
Safety pharmacology studies have demonstrated an acceptable safety profile for 
OPS-2071 in rodent and nonrodent animal species. A single oral dose of OPS-2071 at up 
to 2000 mg/kg had no adverse effects on general signs and behavior in male rats in a 
modified Irwin’s comprehensive observation assessment. In addition, OPS-2071 had no 
effect on the binding of muscimol [methylene-3H(N)] to GABA receptors in the rat 
cerebellum membrane, indicating that it lacks convulsant adverse effects. No effects on 
respiratory and cardiovascular parameters occurred in conscious dogs given single oral 
doses of OPS-2071 ≤ 2000 mg/kg. In vitro, OPS-2071 inhibited human ether-a-go-go 
related gene current expressed in Chinese hamster ovary-K1 cells, with a 30% inhibitory 
concentration of 1.32 × 10−4 mol/L. Repeat-dose oral toxicity studies were conducted for 
up to 26 weeks in rats and 13 weeks in monkeys. No significant toxicity signals were 
observed up to the highest dose tested (ie, 2000 mg/kg); hence, the no observed adverse 
effect level (NOAEL) was estimated to be 2000 mg/kg/day in both male and female rats 
and monkeys. At the NOAEL, the maximum (peak) plasma concentration of the drug 
(Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hours (AUC24h) 
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of OPS-2071 in rats at Week 26 were, respectively, 127.7 ng/mL and 1449 ng·h/mL in 
males and 449.1 ng/mL and 5184 ng·h/mL in females. In monkeys at Week 13, the 
plasma Cmax and AUC24h of OPS-2071 at the NOAEL were, respectively, 346.1 ng/mL 
and 4940 ng·h/mL in males and 433.6 ng/mL and 5488 ng·h/mL in females.
Three in vitro and 2 in vivo (intraperitoneal administration) genotoxicity studies 
(compliant with good laboratory practice) were conducted with OPS-2071. In a bacterial 
reverse mutation test, OPS-2071 showed mutagenicity in one strain (TA102) of 
Salmonella typhimurium, but no mutagenicity was found in 4 other standard strains either 
with or without rat liver S9. In a mammalian cell chromosome aberration test, OPS-2071 
showed clastogenicity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. These effects have been 
reported with other quinolone antibiotics and are attributed to their inhibitory effect on 
the bacterial prokaryotic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) gyrase and topoisomerase IV, and 
the analogous mammalian enzyme topoisomerase II. OPS-2071 was not genotoxic in the 
forward mutation assay and the in vivo genotoxicity assays (bone marrow erythrocyte 
micronucleus test and the liver unscheduled DNA synthesis test).
Please refer to the IB for more detailed information. 
1.2
Clinical Data
The safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of OPS-2071 in healthy subjects have been 
assessed in 3 phase 1 trials in Singapore, Korea, and Japan, and in one phase 1 mass 
balance trial in the United Kingdom (UK). The Singapore trial (Trial 341-12-001) 
consisted of 3 parts: a single-dose part (Part 1, 30 to 1200 mg), a single-dose food effect 
part (Part 2, 600 mg), and a multiple-dose part (Part 3, 60 to 600 mg twice a day [BID]). 
The Korean trial (Trial 341-KOA-1301i) consisted of 2 parts: a single-dose part (Part 1, 
30 to 1200 mg) and a multiple-dose part (Part 2, 60 to 600 mg BID). The Japanese trial 
(Trial 341-13-001) was a single-dose trial of 30 to 1200 mg. The UK trial 
(Trial 341-14-001) was a single-dose trial that assessed the absorption, metabolism, and 
excretion of 50 mg 14C-OPS-2071 in healthy male Japanese subjects.
Following single-dose administration of OPS-2071 at 30, 60, 120, 240, 300, 600, 900, 
and 1200 mg in a fasting state in the Singapore, Korean, and Japanese trials, plasma 
concentrations of OPS-2071 increased rapidly. The median time to maximum (peak)
concentration (tmax) was 1.0 to 4.0 hours postdose across the 30 to 1200 mg dose range. 
Following multiple-dose administration after a light meal, the median tmax was 2.0 to 
3.5 hours in the Singapore trial. Following multiple-dose administration before a morning 
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meal and before an evening meal, the median tmax was 2.5 to 3.5 hours in the Korean 
trial.
OPS-2071 Cmax, area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to the last 
quantifiable concentration (AUCt), and area under the concentration-time curve from 
time zero extrapolated to infinity (AUC∞) values increased in a less than dose 
proportional manner across the 30 to 1200 mg dose range following single doses in the 
Singapore, Korean, and Japanese trials and across the 60 to 600 mg dose range following 
multiple-dose administration in the Singapore and Korean trials.
The mean apparent terminal phase half-life (t1/2) of OPS-2071 was variable at 10 to 
21 hours for the single-dose treatments across the 30 to 1200 mg dose range in the 
Singapore trial. The t1/2 ranged from approximately 12 to 50 hours in the Korean and 
Japanese trials across the same dose range, without any clear trend. The mean apparent 
plasma clearance was also variable at approximately 50 to 1200 L/h across the same dose 
range in the 3 trials.
Following administration of OPS-2071 at a dose of 600 mg in a fed state, Cmax was 
2.2-fold higher and AUCt and AUC∞were 2.0-fold higher compared to administration in 
a fasted state. OPS-2071 has a low-solubility profile across all pHs and is poorly 
absorbed after oral administration primarily due to its low solubility.
The mean percent of OPS-2071 excreted in urine was approximately 2.4% or less of the 
administered dose following single- and multiple-dose administration in the Singapore 
and Korean trials and single-dose administration in the Japanese trial. 
Based on the results of a mass balance trial following a single dose of 50 mg 
14C-OPS-2071 (Trial 341-14-001), the mean overall total recovery of radioactivity in 
feces and urine combined was 84% of the administered dose. The principal route of 
elimination was in feces (approximately 78%), while urinary excretion was 
approximately 6%. The major analytes in urine were M34101 and OPS-2071, which 
accounted for average 4.6% and 0.9% of the total administered dose. The primary analyte 
in feces was OPS-2071, which accounted for an average of 72.3% of the total 
administered dose.
In the Singapore and Korean trials, there was no apparent trend in the growth of bacterial 
microflora in feces for the different doses of OPS-2071 and placebo over time.
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One phase 2a trial (Trial 341-13-002) was conducted in Singapore, Korea, and Japan in 
subjects with bacterial enteritis associated with C difficile infection or enteric infection to 
assess 3 different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg) of OPS-2071. In the C difficile infection 
group, OPS-2071 was administered to 5 subjects at a dose of 100 mg BID for up to 
10 days. The microbiology assessments and clinical assessments results showed 
improvement. None of the subjects who were judged as “clinical cure” at the end of 
treatment had a relapse at follow-up 2 (Day 38). No meaningful efficacy conclusions 
were made due to the low number of subjects. In the enteric infection group, 37 subjects 
received treatment with 50, 100, or 200 mg of OPS-2071 for up to 7 days. The efficacy 
analysis of 32 subjects concluded that 26 subjects had “clinical cure,” 5 subjects had 
“clinical improvement,” and 1 subject was evaluated as “clinical failure.”
Please refer to the IB for more detailed information.
1.3
Known and Potential Risks and Benefits
There is a substantial unmet need for the treatment of Crohn’s disease (see Section 1). 
OPS-2071 has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity in vitro and has demonstrated 
efficacy in animal models of Crohn’s disease. Therefore, this compound may be effective 
for the treatment of patients with active Crohn’s disease who require initiation of 
treatment or change in current therapy.
OPS-2071 is a fluoroquinolone. Common adverse effects of this drug class include 
nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and insomnia. Serious adverse effects that have 
been associated with systemic use of fluoroquinolones include tendinitis, tendon rupture, 
peripheral neuropathy, muscle pain, muscle weakness, joint pain, joint swelling, anxiety, 
depression, hallucinations, suicidal ideation, confusion, worsening of myasthenia gravis, 
skin rash, photosensitivity, palpitations, tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, hypoglycemic 
coma, and aortic aneurysm rupture.10,11,12 Preclinical studies have shown limited 
bioavailability and systemic exposure of OPS-2071. Therefore, OPS-2071 is expected to 
primarily act locally and to have a lower likelihood of causing adverse reactions usually
associated with systemic exposure to fluoroquinolones.
Clinical experience and nonclinical safety studies have demonstrated an acceptable safety 
profile for OPS-2071. The safety of OPS-2071 has been extensively studied in rodent and 
nonrodent animals. The nonclinical studies did not identify any potential risks after oral 
administration of OPS-2071 that would warrant monitoring. Following oral doses of 
OPS-2071 of up to 2000 mg/kg, no toxicologically relevant findings were observed in 
rats and monkeys treated for up to 26 or 13 weeks, respectively. Hence, the NOAEL was 
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estimated to be 2000 mg/kg/day in both male and female rats and monkeys. Safety 
information is also available from small groups of healthy subjects and subjects with 
bacterial enteritis associated with C difficile infection or enteric infection, as detailed 
below.
To date, OPS-2071 has been evaluated in humans in 4 completed phase 1 clinical trials 
and 1 completed phase 2a clinical trial. In the 5 completed trials conducted in Singapore, 
Korea, Japan, and the UK, there were no deaths and no subject was withdrawn due to an 
adverse event (AE) related to OPS-2071. In the phase 1 Singapore trial, 1 subject was 
withdrawn from the trial due to Grade 4 (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse 
Events severity grading) serious adverse events (SAEs) of syncope and hemorrhage 
intracranial and a Grade 1 AE of atrial fibrillation, all of which resolved and were 
assessed by the investigator as unrelated to OPS-2071. In the phase 2a trial, 1 serious 
treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) of pyrexia of moderate severity was reported 
for 1 subject with enteric infection. The event resolved and was considered potentially 
related to the investigational medicinal product (IMP) by the investigator. There were no 
expected adverse drug reactions as there were no events that occurred in at least 
2 subjects and were deemed serious.
In all 5 completed trials combined, the TEAEs that occurred in more than 1 subject in the 
OPS-2071 group (n = 136) after single-dose administration and at a higher incidence than 
the placebo group (n = 48) included the following: headache (5 subjects), abdominal 
pain, gastroenteritis, pharyngitis, blood creatine phosphokinase increased, and epistaxis 
(each in 2 subjects).
In all 5 completed trials combined, the TEAEs that occurred in more than 1 subject in the 
OPS-2071 group (n = 90) after multiple-dose administration and at a higher incidence 
than the placebo group (n = 16) included the following: headache (7 subjects), 
somnolence (3 subjects), eosinophilia, nausea, neck pain, and epistaxis (each in 
2 subjects).
Other TEAEs that were observed included alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased, 
aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased, and blood bilirubin increased, all of which 
are considered a class effect of quinolones. However, the incidence rate in 
placebo-treated subjects was higher than in the OPS-2071 group. Across the completed 
trials, the increased AST events were not consistent; eg, the highest value was 
approximately 8 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and that was observed at 
baseline and decreased to within the normal range in 1 week, while taking OPS-2071. No 
clear trend on ALT/AST elevation was observed across the completed trials.
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Treatment-emergent AEs related to proarrhythmia and phototoxicity, which are also 
considered class effects of quinolones, were seen in 5 of 226 OPS-2071 subjects, 
comprising atrial fibrillation, ventricular extrasystoles, electrocardiogram (ECG) 
QT prolonged, rash, and rash erythematous (1 subject each).
In summary, OPS-2071 was generally well tolerated and the TEAEs reported included 
some of the known fluoroquinolone class effects but no subject was withdrawn due to an 
AE related to OPS-2071. The potential benefits of a new treatment option for Crohn’s 
disease outweigh the potential risks and therefore warrants the start of a POC clinical trial 
with OPS-2071 for Crohn’s disease.
Please refer to the IB for more detailed safety information from the completed individual 
clinical trials.
2
Trial Rationale and Objectives
2.1
Trial Rationale
OPS-2071 has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity and is anticipated to be 
effective in the treatment of Crohn’s disease due to its unique mode of action. In vitro 
investigations of OPS-2071 showed a dual mechanism of action, including a potent, 
broad spectrum antibacterial effect and a strong anti-inflammatory effect that translated 
into significant attenuation of numerous cytokines, including TNF-α. In a naive T-cell 
transfer model in mice, OPS-2071 at doses ≥5 mg/kg prevented the development of 
colitis induced by activated T-cell transfer, as measured by the histopathological score 
and TNF-α levels in the intestinal mucosa of animals. Moreover, in an in vitro assay 
using human whole blood, OPS-2071 suppressed LPS-induced TNF-α production 
measured in supernatant.
In this phase 2 POC trial, the safety and efficacy of OPS-2071 will be evaluated as an 
add-on therapy in subjects with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active 
inflammation despite ongoing treatment. Subjects with a Crohn’s Disease Activity Index 
(CDAI) score between 180 and 450 points (inclusive) will be eligible for enrollment. The 
CDAI range of 180 to 450 was chosen to ensure that subjects with active Crohn’s disease 
will be enrolled in this trial. Because there is no well tolerated and nontoxic treatment 
available for these patients, it is believed that this patient population will most likely 
benefit from the addition of OPS-2071 to their ongoing treatment for Crohn’s disease.
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2.2
Dosing Rationale
The dose selection and regimen in this trial are based on preclinical safety data (refer to 
Section 1.1) and on existing clinical data obtained in phase 1 trials.
Data from 3 phase 1 trials that were performed in healthy subjects have shown that single 
oral doses up to 1200 mg daily and multiple oral doses of 60 to 600 mg BID (for up to 
7 days) were safe and well tolerated (Trials 341-12-001, 341-13-001, and 
341-KOA-130li). Based on the results of the safety and tolerability trials in healthy 
subjects, 3 oral dose levels of 150, 300, and 600 mg BID (the highest safe dose in healthy 
subjects) were selected for this trial.
2.3
Trial Objectives
The primary objective of the trial is to investigate the therapeutic effect of OPS-2071 
(150, 300, or 600 mg BID) add-on therapy administered orally for 12 weeks in subjects 
with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing 
treatment.
The secondary objective of the trial is to determine the safety and tolerability of 
OPS-2071 (150, 300, or 600 mg BID) add-on therapy administered orally for 12 weeks in
subjects with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing 
treatment.
3
Trial Design
3.1
Type/Design of Trial
This is a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, POC trial to 
assess the efficacy and safety of 3 doses of OPS-2071 (150, 300, or 600 mg BID) in 
subjects with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing 
treatment. OPS-2071 will be added to ongoing treatment for Crohn’s disease, with some 
restrictions, as noted in Section 3.4.
Screening will occur up to 28 days prior to randomization. At the start of the screening 
period, a fecal sample will be collected for stool microbiology testing (eg, for culture, 
C difficile, ova and parasites [O&P]) and to exclude any type of infectious colitis, and to 
assess the fecal microbiota. During the screening period, subjects will be dispensed an 
electronic diary to complete to collect data for the baseline CDAI assessment. After 
completion of the diary for 7 days, subjects will undergo bowel preparation for 3 days 
(consisting of 2 days of dietary modifications and 1 day of cleansing bowel preparation) 
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and then an ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will occur (within 7 to 10 days prior to Day 1). 
The ileocolonoscopy will be centrally read to assess inflammation in order to confirm 
trial eligibility. Optional cytomegalovirus (CMV) testing can be done on the biopsy 
specimen, if clinically indicated.
Eligible subjects will be randomized on Day 1 in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to 1 of 4 treatments: 
placebo BID, OPS-2071 150 mg BID, OPS-2071 300 mg BID, or OPS-2071 600 mg 
BID. The randomization will be stratified by CDAI score (CDAI 180 - 300 and CDAI > 
300 - 450) and concomitant Crohn’s disease medication status (subjects who are treated 
with anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody, subjects who are treated with low-dose steroids, 
and subjects who are treated with other Crohn’s disease medications). The IMP will be 
administered twice a day, 8 to 12 hours apart, starting on Day 1 for a total of 12 weeks. 
Blood samples for PK analysis will be collected throughout the 12-week treatment period 
according to the schedule of assessments (Table 3.7-1). Efficacy will be assessed using 
the CDAI, Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD), and the two-item 
patient reported outcome (PRO-2). A 30-day (post-treatment) follow-up assessment will 
be performed for all subjects; the CDAI score will be calculated, inflammatory 
biomarkers and microbiota flora will be checked, and safety measures will be performed.
Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new 
therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial are considered as treatment failures 
(nonresponders). These subjects are encouraged to stay in the trial for continuous data 
collection.
A blood sample for future biospecimen research (FBR) will be taken from subjects who 
consent to the collection of this sample.
A schematic of the trial design is provided in Figure 3.1-1.
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3.2
Trial Treatments
Eligible subjects will be randomized on Day 1 to 1 of 4 treatments: placebo BID, 
OPS-2071 150 mg BID, OPS-2071 300 mg BID, or OPS-2071 600 mg BID. The IMP 
will be supplied as 150-mg and 300-mg OPS-2071 tablets, and matching placebo tablets. 
The IMP will be administered as oral tablets, BID (8 to 12 hours apart), starting on Day 1 
for a total of 12 weeks. The timing of the first dose of IMP will be at the subject’s or trial 
site’s discretion. Each subject will take 6 tablets daily (to maintain blinding); 3 tablets for 
the morning dose and 3 tablets 8 to 12 hours later. The IMP will be administered with up 
to 240 mL (8 fluid ounces) of still water, at least 1 hour before or after a meal. Water 
intake will be restricted for 1 hour before and after the morning dose of IMP at Day 1 and 
Week 6 for the robust blood sampling.
3.3
Trial Population
3.3.1
Number of Subjects and Description of Population
Approximately 240 male and female subjects between the ages of 18 and 70 (inclusive), 
with Crohn’s disease and showing symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing 
treatment, will be randomized. Active mucosal inflammation will be confirmed by 
centrally read ileocolonoscopy. Discontinued or withdrawn subjects will not be replaced.
3.3.2
Subject Selection and Numbering
All subjects will be assigned a unique subject identification number (ie, screening 
number) upon signing the informed consent form (ICF). Subjects will be assigned a 
randomization number upon randomization on Day 1.
3.4
Eligibility Criteria
3.4.1
Informed Consent
Informed consent will be freely obtained from all subjects (or their guardian or legally 
acceptable representative, as applicable for local laws), documented using an electronic 
informed consent system, and the consenting process will be recorded in the subject’s 
medical record. The ICF will be approved by the same institutional review board 
(IRB)/independent ethics committee (IEC) that approves this protocol. 
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Each ICF will comply with the International Council on Harmonisation (ICH) Good 
Clinical Practice (GCP) Guideline13 and local regulatory requirements. The investigator 
will ensure that the sponsor reviews and authorizes any site-specific ICF used in the trial 
before submission to the IRB/IEC.
Investigators may discuss trial availability and the possibility for entry with a potential 
subject without first obtaining consent. However, informed consent must be obtained and 
documented before initiation of any procedures that are performed solely for the purpose 
of determining eligibility for this trial, including withdrawal from current medication(s).
Potential subjects are free to refuse entry into the trial, or withdraw from the trial at any 
time, without justification, and there will be no consequences to their further care.
Prospective trial participants will be provided with controlled access to the electronic ICF 
application by trial site staff. When the trial site staff and the participant agree that the 
participant has enough information to make an informed decision to participate, the 
participant will electronically sign in the electronic ICF application and an electronic date 
and timestamp will be applied to the signature. The subject will be given a printed, signed 
copy of the ICF. Any other parties required by the IRB/IEC (trial site staff, witnesses, or 
legally authorized representative) are also required to sign electronically and these 
signatures will be stored with the electronic ICF in accordance with the ICH GCP 
Guideline and local regulatory requirements/guidelines. These signatures cannot be 
altered, removed, or copied.
At sites where the electronic ICF application is not used, paper consent forms will be 
signed after the trial site staff and the participant agree that the participant has enough 
information to make an informed decision to participate. Any other parties required to 
provide signatures will also sign the paper consent forms, and the forms will be stored in 
accordance with the ICH GCP Guideline and local regulatory requirements/guidelines.
Subjects may be asked to sign additional ICFs if the protocol is amended and the changes 
to the protocol result in additional information that needs to be provided to the subjects, 
so that they can make a knowledgeable and voluntary decision on trial participation.
Separate from the main ICF, subjects may also provide optional informed consent for 
FBR; ie, the subject may participate in the main trial without agreeing to provide an FBR 
sample. If a subject withdraws the consent for FBR, the subject’s samples will be 
destroyed.
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3.4.2
Inclusion Criteria
Subjects are required to meet the inclusion criteria presented in Table 3.4.2-1.
Table 3.4.2-1
Inclusion Criteria
1.
Male and female subjects between the ages of 18 and 70 years, inclusive.
2.
Diagnosis of Crohn's disease localized in the ileum and/or colon, with active mucosal 
inflammation and visible lesion(s), documented by centrally read ileocolonoscopy and a 
SES-CD ≥6 (≥4 for isolated ileal disease).
3.
Subjects who do not have an optimal responsea (daily stool frequency > 3 and pain score > 1) to 
their current ongoing treatment of biologics (eg, first anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody), 
immunosuppressants, low-dose steroids, or 5-ASA formulations.
4.
Subjects who are on stable Crohn’s disease medications for at least 4 weeks.
5.
Subjects with a CDAI score between 180 and 450 points, inclusive.
6.
Subjects who are willing and able to follow the trial protocol and have signed informed consent.
aThe minimum duration of prior treatment required for a subject to be considered as having a 
nonoptimal response includes completing at least the recommended induction regimen for approved 
biologics and/or treatment at a therapeutic dose for a stable duration that would be anticipated to 
result in improvement (ie, 12 weeks for azathioprine, 4 weeks for methotrexate). Prior treatment 
examples and their minimum durations can be found in Appendix 4 .
3.4.3
Exclusion Criteria
Subjects will be excluded if they meet any of the exclusion criteria in Table 3.4.3-1.
Table 3.4.3-1
Exclusion Criteria
1.
Females who are breast-feeding and/or who have a positive pregnancy test result prior to 
receiving IMP.
2.
Sexually active males or WOCBP who do not agree to practice 2 different methods of birth 
control or remain abstinent during the trial and for 30 days after the last dose of IMP. If 
employing birth control, 2 of the following precautions must be used: vasectomy, tubal ligation, 
intrauterine device, birth control pill, birth control implant, or birth control depot injection. A 
vaginal diaphragm, condom with spermicide, or sponge with spermicide may also be used as 
measures to prevent pregnancy, but must be used in combination with at least one of the 
previous methods.
3.
Subjects taking any nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that cannot be stopped or replaced.
4.
Use of prednisone or prednisolone > 30 mg/day or budesonide > 9 mg/day within 4 weeks prior 
to screening; or intravenous steroids within 4 weeks prior to screening. 
5.
Subjects taking antithrombotic drugs.
6.
Subjects with symptomatic bowel stenosis, fistula, or stoma; or with more than 2 bowel 
resections.
7.
Subjects with short bowel syndrome.
8.
Subjects with known existing aortic aneurysm, or who are at risk for an aortic aneurysm, such as 
subjects with peripheral atherosclerotic vascular diseases, uncontrolled hypertension, certain 
genetic conditions such as Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and elderly subjects 
(over the age of 70).
9.
Subjects with known or suspected (family history, unexplained syncope) long QT syndrome or 
QTcF > 470 msec for females or > 450 msec for males at baseline.
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Table 3.4.3-1
Exclusion Criteria
10.
Subjects with inadequate organ function, as follows:

Serum creatinine > 1.5 ULN 

AST or ALT levels > 1.5 ULN

Total bilirubin > 1.5 ULN. Elevated unconjugated bilirubin related to Gilbert's syndrome 
is allowed.
11.
Use of antibiotics (eg, metronidazole, rifaximin, tinidazole, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin) 
within 15 days prior to screening or for greater than 2 months within the past year. A short 
course (maximum of 5 days) of antibiotics will be permitted during the trial, as needed, for 
indications other than Crohn’s disease.
12.
Known hypersensitivity to quinolones or other significant adverse reaction to quinolones.
13.
Conditions or circumstances that could prevent completion of the trial according to the 
judgment of the investigator, including an uncontrolled comorbidity, heart condition, or 
dysfunction of any other organ; peripheral neuropathy; known arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, or 
paroxysmal tachycardia; history of myasthenia gravis; history of drug or alcohol abuse, mental 
illness, or noncompliance with treatments or visits; or known immune-deficiency.a
14.
HIV infection, viral hepatitis, prior organ transplant, or malignant disease that is not in 
remission for at least 3 years, with the exception of basal cell carcinoma.
15.
Subjects who have used any investigational drug within 2 months prior to screening.
16.
Blood donation in the last 2 months.
17.
Use of inhibitors of UGT1A1 and UGT1A9 (eg, Silybin, diclofenac, mycophenolic acid, 
efavirenz, regorafenib) and BCRP (eg, Estrone, 17β-estradiol, flavonoids, herb extracts, 
gefitinib, imatinib, tamoxifen, novobiocin, nelfinavir, ritonavir, dipyridamole, fumitremorgin C, 
Ko143, cyclosporine, curcumin, eltrombopag, omeprazole, ivermectin).
18.
Subjects with a history of treatment failure with 2 or more biologics.b
19.
Subjects with risk factors for tendon rupture (ie, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, competitive 
athletes, renal failure, diabetes mellitus) or who have a history of tendon rupture and/or ongoing 
tendinopathy.
20.
Subjects with systolic blood pressure > 150 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg.
21.
Subjects taking quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, encainide, flecainide, sotalol, 
amiodarone, ibutilide, dronedarone, or propafenone.
BCRP = breast cancer resistance protein; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; QTcF = QT interval 
corrected for heart rate by the Fridericia formula; WOCBP = women of childbearing potential.
aSubjects that test positive for marijuana or for confirmed prescription medications (eg, opioid 
analgesics) may be permitted to be enrolled if they have no evidence of a substance use disorder. 
Allowance for subjects testing positive for marijuana or confirmed prescription medications at 
screening requires explicit approval from the medical monitor.
bThe rationale for excluding subjects who have failed 2 or more biologics is due to the fact that they 
may represent an especially difficult-to-treat population (ie, medically refractory) that may not benefit 
substantially from fluoroquinolones and/or will likely need additional, more invasive treatment (ie, 
surgical resection).
Subjects must agree to restrictions as described in Section 4.
Subjects excluded for drug or alcohol abuse are not eligible to be rescreened for
participation in the trial. However, subjects excluded for other reasons may be rescreened
at any time if the exclusion characteristic has changed. Subjects are permitted to be 
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rescreened 3 times. In the event that the subject is rescreened, a new ICF must be signed, 
a new screening number assigned, and all screening procedures repeated.
3.5
Endpoints
3.5.1
Primary Endpoint
The primary endpoint is the percentage of subjects who, at Week 12, achieve clinical 
remission (defined as a CDAI score < 150).
3.5.2
Secondary Endpoints
3.5.2.1
Secondary Efficacy Endpoints
The secondary efficacy endpoints are as follows:
1) The percentage of subjects with endoscopic response, defined as a reduction of 
the SES-CD by at least 50%, at Week 12.
2) Change from baseline in the SES-CD score.
3) The percentage of subjects with PRO-2 remission (defined as stool frequency 
≤3 times per day and abdominal pain ≤1) at Week 12.
4) The percentage of subjects with clinical response, defined as at least a 25% 
decrease in the CDAI score, at Week 12.
5) The percentage of subjects who, at Week 12, achieve endoscopic remission 
(defined as a SES-CD score of 0 to 2; or a score of 0 to 4, with no individual 
subscore greater than 1).
6) The percentage of subjects with a decrease from baseline of ≥100 points in the 
CDAI score.
3.5.2.2
Secondary Safety Endpoint
The secondary safety endpoint is the percentage of subjects by specific AEs, which will 
be recorded with the onset date, resolution or stabilization date, severity grade, and 
relatedness to IMP.
3.5.3
Exploratory Endpoints
The exploratory endpoints are as follows:
1) By-visit analysis of CDAI remission (defined as a CDAI score < 150).
2) By-visit analysis of PRO-2 remission (defined as stool frequency ≤3 times per 
day and abdominal pain ≤1).
3) The percentage of subjects with a biological response in subjects with elevated 
levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), defined as a reduction in the level of CRP to 
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within the normal range or by at least 15%, at Week 6, Week 12, and at the 
30-day follow-up.
4) The percentage of subjects with a biological response in subjects with elevated 
levels of fecal calprotectin (FCP), defined as a reduction in the level of FCP to 
within the normal range or by at least 15%, at Week 6, Week 12, and at the 
30-day follow-up.
5) Characterization of the fecal microbiota profile and abundance based on 
taxonomic and functional annotation from next-generation sequencing, change 
from baseline, and association with phenotype, at Week 2, Week 12, and at the 
30-day follow-up.
3.6
Measures to Minimize/Avoid Bias
This is a double-blind trial; therefore, neither the investigator nor the subject will have 
knowledge of the treatment assignment (eg, OPS-2071 150 mg BID, OPS-2071 
300 mg BID, OPS-2071 600 mg BID, or placebo BID). Treatment assignments will be 
based on a computer-generated randomization code provided an Otsuka Independent 
Statistician Department. Sponsor personnel, including those involved in monitoring, data 
management, and data analysis, will not have access to the treatment code during the 
trial. Access to the treatment codes will be restricted to personnel charged with reporting 
SAEs to regulatory agencies. The randomization will be stratified by CDAI score (CDAI 
180 - 300 and CDAI > 300 - 450) and concomitant Crohn’s disease medication status 
(subjects who are treated with anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody, subjects who are treated 
with low-dose steroids, and subjects who are treated with other Crohn’s disease 
medications), and designed to allocate subjects in a 1:1:1:1 ratio.
3.7
Trial Procedures
The duration of this trial from first subject enrolled to last subject completed is estimated 
to be approximately 22 months. Individual participation for subjects who complete the 
trial without early withdrawal will be up to 20 weeks, consisting of the following: 
screening period of up to 28 days, a 12-week treatment period, and a 30-day 
(post-treatment) follow-up assessment. 
Trial assessment time points are summarized in Table 3.7-1.
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Table 3.7-1
Schedule of Assessments
Assessment
Screeninga
Treatment Period
End of Treatmentb
30-day
(Post-treatment)
Follow-up
(± 2 days)
Day −28 to 
Day −1
Day 1
Day 8
(± 2 
days)
Week 2
(± 2 
days)
Week 4
(± 2 
days)
Week 6
(± 2 
days)
Week 8
(± 2 
days)
Week 10
(± 2 
days)
Week 12
(+ 2 days)
Informed 
consent
X
Eligibility 
criteria
X
X
Demographics
X
Medical history
X
Height
X
Weight
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Viral hepatitis 
and HIV screen
X
Vital signs
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
ECGs at sparse 
blood sampling 
sites
Xc
Xc
Xc
Xc
Xc
Xc
Xc
ECGs at robust 
blood sampling 
sites
Xc
Xd
Xc
Xc
Xd
Xc
Xc
Sparse blood 
sampling
Xe
Xe
Xe
Xe
Robust blood 
sampling
Xf
Xe
Xf
Xe
Urine pregnancy 
testg
X
X
X
X
FSH (optional)
X
Clinical 
laboratory tests 
(hematology, 
serum chemistry, 
and urinalysis)
X
Xh
X
X
Xi
X
Xi
Xi
X
Xj
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Table 3.7-1
Schedule of Assessments
Assessment
Screeninga
Treatment Period
End of Treatmentb
30-day
(Post-treatment)
Follow-up
(± 2 days)
Day −28 to 
Day −1
Day 1
Day 8
(± 2 
days)
Week 2
(± 2 
days)
Week 4
(± 2 
days)
Week 6
(± 2 
days)
Week 8
(± 2 
days)
Week 10
(± 2 
days)
Week 12
(+ 2 days)
Urine alcohol 
and drug screenk
X
Physical 
examinationl
X
X
X
X
X
CDAI
Xm
X
X
X
X
X
Xn
X
SES-CD
X
Xo
Stool 
microbiology 
testing (eg, for 
culture, 
C difficile, O&P)
X
Fecal biomarker: 
FCP
X
X
Xp
X
Fecal microbiota
Xq
X
Xp
X
Ileocolonoscopy 
with biopsy
X
Xr
CMV (optional)
X
X
Randomization
X
Dispense IMP
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Administer IMP
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Xs
CRP
Xt
Xu
Xu
Xu
FBR sample 
collection
Xt
Diaryv
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Concomitant 
medications
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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Table 3.7-1
Schedule of Assessments
Assessment
Screeninga
Treatment Period
End of Treatmentb
30-day
(Post-treatment)
Follow-up
(± 2 days)
Day −28 to 
Day −1
Day 1
Day 8
(± 2 
days)
Week 2
(± 2 
days)
Week 4
(± 2 
days)
Week 6
(± 2 
days)
Week 8
(± 2 
days)
Week 10
(± 2 
days)
Week 12
(+ 2 days)
Adverse events
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
FSH = follicle-stimulating hormone.
aAt the start of the screening period, a fecal sample will be collected for stool microbiology testing (eg, for culture, C difficile, O&P) and to exclude any type 
of infectious colitis, and to assess the fecal microbiota. During the screening period, subjects will be dispensed an electronic diary to complete to collect 
data for the baseline CDAI assessment. After completion of the diary for 7 days, subjects will undergo bowel preparation for 3 days (consisting of 2 days of 
dietary modifications and 1 day of cleansing bowel preparation) and then an ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will occur (within 7 to 10 days prior to Day 1). 
The ileocolonoscopy will be centrally read to assess inflammation in order to confirm trial eligibility.
bThe End of Treatment visit will include all assessments listed for Week 12, except for the ileocolonoscopy with biopsy and SES-CD score.
cAt the sparse blood sampling trial sites, standard safety ECGs will be conducted during the screening period; predose on Day 1; 1 to 4 hours postdose on 
Day 1, Day 8, Week 2, Week 6, and Week 12/End of Treatment; and at the 30-day post-treatment follow-up. At the robust blood sampling trial sites, 
standard safety ECGs will be conducted during the screening period; 1 to 4 hours postdose on Day 8, Week 2, and Week 12/End of Treatment; and at the 
30-day post-treatment follow-up.
dAt the robust blood sampling trial sites, triplicate ECGs will be recorded on Day 1 and Week 6 at predose (prior to the morning dose) and at 2, 4, and 8 hours 
after the morning dose. The 3 ECG replicates will be extracted from a 5 minute “ECG window” (typically, the last 5 minutes of the 15-minute period when 
the subject is maintained in a supine position). There will be at least 1 minute between each ECG. Blood samples for PK analysis should be taken 
immediately following the triplicate ECG assessments.
eAt the sparse blood sampling trial sites, blood samples for PK analysis will be collected on Day 1 at predose and on Day 1, Week 2, Week 6, and 
Week 12/End of Treatment 1 to 4 hours after the morning dose at the same time as the collection of blood samples for clinical laboratory tests. At the 
robust blood sampling trial sites, additional blood samples for PK analysis will be collected at Week 2 and Week 12/End of Treatment 1 to 4 hours after the 
morning dose at the same time as the collection of blood samples for clinical laboratory tests.
fAt the robust blood sampling trial sites, blood samples for PK analysis will be collected on Day 1 and Week 6 at predose and at 2, 4, and 8 hours after the 
morning dose. Blood samples for PK analysis should be taken immediately following the triplicate ECG assessments. Once robust blood sampling has been 
completed, these trial sites will continue to complete sparse blood sampling.
gIf the urine pregnancy test result is positive, the investigator must follow-up with a confirmatory serum pregnancy test.
hOnly serum chemistries are required at Day 1; however, if there was a significant change (as determined by the investigator) in any of the subject's 
concomitant medications since the screening visit, hematology and urinalysis are also required.
iOnly hematology is required at Weeks 4, 8, and 10.
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jOnly serum chemistry and hematology are required at the 30-day post-treatment follow-up.
kSubjects that test positive for marijuana or for confirmed prescription medications (eg, opioid analgesics) may be permitted to be enrolled if they have no 
evidence of a substance use disorder. Allowance for subjects testing positive for marijuana or confirmed prescription medications at screening requires 
explicit approval from the medical monitor.
lA full physical examination will be conducted at screening and a directed/targeted physical examination will be conducted at the subsequent visits. For 
purposes of this trial, the directed/targeted physical examination will include an abdominal examination.
mThe CDAI score at screening will be calculated using the formula in eSource for eligibility.
nAssess the first 3 elements of the CDAI prior to the bowel preparation: number of liquid or soft stools each day for 7 days; abdominal pain (graded from 0 - 3 
on severity) each day for 7 days; and general well-being, subjectively assessed from 0 (well) to 4 (terrible) each day for 7 days.
oDetermine the SES-CD after the Week 12 ileocolonoscopy has been completed.
pCollect a fecal sample for the FCP and microbiota assessment approximately 5 days prior to the Week 12 (eg, Day 79) visit date, prior to the bowel 
preparation and ileocolonoscopy; this is to ensure that subjects are taking IMP when these assessments are completed.
qCollect a fecal sample for the microbiota assessment prior to the bowel preparation and ileocolonoscopy.
rThe 3-day bowel preparation (consisting of 2 days of dietary modifications and 1 day of cleansing bowel preparation) should be approximately 4 days prior to 
the Week 12 (eg, Day 80 through Day 82) visit date; this is to ensure that subjects are taking IMP when this assessment is completed. An ileocolonoscopy 
with biopsy will be conducted up to approximately 1 day prior to the Week 12 (eg, Day 83) visit date. The ileocolonoscopy will be centrally read. The 
bowel preparation and ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will not be performed at the End of Treatment visit.
sAt Week 12, only the morning dose of IMP will be administered.
tThe blood samples for the FBR and CRP assessments will be collected prior to the first dose on Day 1.
uIf CRP is not elevated on Day 1, there is no need for any further CRP assessments.
vA daily diary will be completed by subjects throughout the trial (see Section 3.7.2.4).
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3.7.1
Schedule of Assessments
3.7.1.1
Screening (Day −28 to Day −1)
Screening will occur up to 28 days prior to randomization and will include the following 
assessments to determine subject eligibility:

Review trial procedures and information regarding the nature of the trial and obtain 
informed consent prior to any trial-related procedures

Review inclusion and exclusion criteria, including documenting birth control methods

Collect demographic information

Document medical history, including smoking status

Perform a viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screen

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Perform a urine pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) (if the 
urine pregnancy test result is positive, the investigator must follow-up with a 
confirmatory serum pregnancy test)

Collect a blood sample for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) testing (optional; 
perimenopausal and postmenopausal female subjects only)

Perform a 12-lead standard safety ECG

Collect blood samples for hematology and serum chemistry, and a urine sample for 
urinalysis (including a urine alcohol and drug screen)

Perform a physical examination (including height and body weight)

Collect a fecal sample for stool microbiology testing (eg, for culture, C difficile, 
O&P) and to exclude any type of infectious colitis, and the microbiota assessment, 
prior to the bowel preparation and ileocolonoscopy

Dispense an electronic diary to subjects; subjects will be instructed to complete a 
daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4) 

Determine the CDAI score after completion of the 7-day daily diary

After confirming a qualifying CDAI score, the following will occur:

Bowel preparation for 3 days (consisting of 2 days of dietary modifications and 
1 day of cleansing bowel preparation), then

An ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will be conducted (within 7 to 10 days prior to 
Day 1). The ileocolonoscopy will be centrally read to assess inflammation in 
order to confirm trial eligibility.

Determine the SES-CD with results from the ileocolonoscopy

Optional CMV testing can be done on the biopsy specimen, if clinically indicated

Review and record any concomitant medications
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3.7.1.2
Day 1
The following assessments will be performed prior to the first dose of IMP on Day 1:

Subjects will complete a daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4)

Verify inclusion and exclusion criteria, including birth control methods

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Perform a urine pregnancy test for WOCBP (if the urine pregnancy test result is 
positive, the investigator must follow-up with a confirmatory serum pregnancy test)

Perform a 12-lead ECG

At the sparse blood sampling trial sites, standard safety ECGs will be conducted 
predose on Day 1

At the robust blood sampling trial sites, triplicate ECGs will be recorded on Day 1 
at predose (prior to the morning dose)

Collect blood samples for PK analysis at sparse blood sampling trial sites

Collect blood samples for PK analysis immediately following the triplicate ECGs at 
robust blood sampling trial sites

Collect a blood sample for serum chemistry at Day 1; however, if there was a 
significant change (as determined by the investigator) in any of the subject's 
concomitant medications since the screening visit, then also collect a blood sample 
for hematology and urinalysis

Collect a blood sample for the CRP assessment

Collect a fecal sample for the FCP assessment

Collect a blood sample for FBR (for consenting subjects only)

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
Subjects who meet all of the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be 
randomized using the trial's interactive web/voice response system and will take the first 
dose of IMP on Day 1 (the date and time of dose administration must be recorded in 
eSource).
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The following assessments will occur on Day 1 after the first dose of IMP:

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)
(1 to 4 hours after the morning dose)

Perform a 12-lead ECG

At the sparse blood sampling trial sites, standard safety ECGs will be conducted 
1 to 4 hours postdose on Day 1

At the robust blood sampling trial sites, triplicate ECGs will be recorded on Day 1 
at 2, 4, and 8 hours after the morning dose

Collect blood samples for PK analysis

Sparse blood sampling trial sites: 1 to 4 hours after the morning dose at the same 
time as the collection of blood samples for clinical laboratory tests

Robust blood sampling trial sites: 2, 4, and 8 hours after the morning dose
immediately following the triplicate ECGs

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs

Subjects will be dispensed IMP and will take the second dose 8 to 12 hours after the 
first dose
3.7.1.3
Day 8 (± 2 days)
The following assessments will occur on Day 8:

Subjects will complete a daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4)

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Perform a 12-lead standard safety ECG

Collect blood samples for hematology and serum chemistry, and a urine sample for 
urinalysis

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
After the above assessments have been completed, subjects will be dispensed IMP.
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3.7.1.4
Week 2 (± 2 days)
The following assessments will occur at Week 2 (around Day 14):

Subjects will complete a daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4)

Record the date and time of dose administration in eSource

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Perform a 12-lead standard safety ECG

Collect blood samples for PK analysis 1 to 4 hours after the morning dose at the same 
time as the collection of blood samples for clinical laboratory tests

Collect blood samples for hematology and serum chemistry, and a urine sample for 
urinalysis

Perform a physical examination (including body weight)

Determine the CDAI score

Collect a fecal sample for the microbiota assessment

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
After the above assessments have been completed, subjects will be dispensed IMP.
3.7.1.5
Week 4 (± 2 days)
The following assessments will occur at Week 4 (around Day 28):

Subjects will complete a daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4) 

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Collect a blood sample for hematology 

Measure body weight

Determine the CDAI score

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
After the above assessments have been completed, subjects will be dispensed IMP.
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3.7.1.6
Week 6 (± 2 days)
The following assessments will occur at Week 6 (around Day 42); (assessments for 
subjects who have consented to robust blood sampling must occur prior to the first dose 
of IMP at Week 6):

Record the date and time of the last preceding dose in eSource (for robust predose 
blood sampling only)

Subjects will complete a daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4). The daily diary will be 
checked to ensure proper completion by the subject.

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Record the date and time of dose administration in eSource

Perform a urine pregnancy test for WOCBP (if the urine pregnancy test result is 
positive, the investigator must follow-up with a confirmatory serum pregnancy test)

Perform a 12-lead ECG

At the sparse blood sampling trial sites, standard safety ECGs will be conducted 

At the robust blood sampling trial sites, triplicate ECGs will be recorded at 
predose (prior to the morning dose) and at 2, 4, and 8 hours after the morning 
dose

Collect blood samples for PK analysis

Sparse blood sampling trial sites: 1 to 4 hours after the morning dose at the same 
time as the collection of blood samples for clinical laboratory tests

Robust blood sampling trial sites: predose and 2, 4, and 8 hours after the morning 
dose, immediately following the triplicate ECGs

Collect blood samples for hematology and serum chemistry, and a urine sample for 
urinalysis

Collect a blood sample for the CRP assessment (not needed if CRP is not elevated on 
Day 1)

Perform a physical examination (including body weight)

Determine the CDAI score

Collect a fecal sample for the FCP assessment

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
After the above assessments have been completed, subjects will be dispensed IMP.
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3.7.1.7
Week 8 (± 2 days)
The following assessments will occur at Week 8 (around Day 56):

Subjects will complete a daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4) 

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Collect a blood sample for hematology 

Measure body weight

Determine the CDAI score

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
After the above assessments have been completed, subjects will be dispensed IMP.
3.7.1.8
Week 10 (± 2 days)
The following assessments will occur at Week 10 (around Day 70):

Subjects will complete a daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4)

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Collect a blood sample for hematology 

Measure body weight

Determine the CDAI score

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
After the above assessments have been completed, subjects will be dispensed IMP.
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3.7.1.9
Week 12 (+ 2 days)/End of Treatment
The following assessments will occur at Week 12 (around Day 84)/End of Treatment:

Subjects will complete a daily diary (see Section 3.7.2.4) 

Record the date and time of dose administration in eSource

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Perform a urine pregnancy test for WOCBP (if the urine pregnancy test result is 
positive, the investigator must follow-up with a confirmatory serum pregnancy test)

Perform a 12-lead standard safety ECG

Collect blood samples for PK analysis 1 to 4 hours after the morning dose at the same 
time as the collection of blood samples for clinical laboratory tests

Collect blood samples for hematology and serum chemistry, and a urine sample for 
urinalysis

Collect a blood sample for the CRP assessment (not needed if CRP is not elevated on 
Day 1)

Perform a physical examination (including body weight)

Determine the CDAI score (for the Week 12 visit, follow the specific assessment as 
outlined below)

Collect a fecal sample for the FCP and microbiota assessment (for the Week 12 visit, 
follow the specific assessment as outlined below)

All unused IMP will be collected, and final IMP accountability will be performed

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
The subject must be taking IMP when the following assessments are completed. In order 
to ensure this occurs, the following schedule must be followed for Week 12 only:

Collect a fecal sample for the FCP and microbiota assessment approximately 5 days 
prior to the Week 12 (eg, Day 79) visit date, prior to the bowel preparation and 
ileocolonoscopy

Assess the first 3 elements of the CDAI prior to the bowel preparation: 

Number of liquid or soft stools each day for 7 days

Abdominal pain (graded from 0 - 3 on severity) each day for 7 days

General well-being, subjectively assessed from 0 (well) to 4 (terrible) each day 
for 7 days 

The 3-day bowel preparation (consisting of 2 days of dietary modifications and 1 day 
of cleansing bowel preparation) should be approximately 4 days prior to the Week 12 
(eg, Day 80 through Day 82) visit date
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
An ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will be conducted up to approximately 1 day prior to 
the Week 12 (eg, Day 83) visit date. The ileocolonoscopy will be centrally read.

Determine the SES-CD after the Week 12 ileocolonoscopy has been completed

Optional CMV testing can be done on the biopsy specimen, if clinically indicated
3.7.1.10
30-day Post-treatment Follow-up (± 2 days)
The following assessments will occur at the 30-day post-treatment follow-up:

Subjects will complete their diary (see Section 3.7.2.4) 

Take vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate)

Perform a 12-lead standard safety ECG

Collect blood samples for hematology and serum chemistry

Collect a blood sample for the CRP assessment (not needed if CRP is not elevated on 
Day 1)

Perform a physical examination (including body weight)

Determine the CDAI score

Collect a fecal sample for the FCP and microbiota assessment

Review and record any concomitant medications

Assess and record any AEs
3.7.2
Efficacy Assessments
Efficacy will be assessed during the trial using the CDAI, SES-CD, and PRO-2. 
Patient-reported components of the CDAI and PRO-2 will be collected via a daily diary
that will be completed by subjects throughout the trial.
3.7.2.1
Crohn’s Disease Activity Index
The CDAI (Appendix 2) is a composite measurement of disease activity of Crohn’s, and 
is a marker of severity of the subject’s condition.14 The CDAI will be used to assess the
primary endpoint of this trial. Some components of the CDAI will be reported by the 
investigator (physical examination for the presence of an abdominal mass and 
extraintestinal complications, laboratory results for hematocrit levels, and weight) while 
other components of the CDAI will be determined with data collected in a subject diary
(number of liquid or soft stools, number of antidiarrheal medications, abdominal pain
score, and general well-being). The CDAI score at screening will be calculated using the 
formula in eSource for eligibility. Further details will be provided in a study manual.
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3.7.2.2
Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD)
The SES-CD (Appendix 3) is a total score that indicates endoscopic disease activity 
status based on endoscopy results regarding the size of ulcers, surface ulceration, affected 
surface size, and presence of luminal narrowing.15 A decrease of 50% of the SES-CD 
score is prognostically significant. The SES-CD, supported by histology readings, will be 
used to assess the secondary efficacy endpoints in this trial. Further details will be 
provided in a study manual.
3.7.2.3
Two-item Patient Reported Outcome (PRO-2)
The PRO-2 is a symptom control measure based on 2 patient-reported components (stool 
frequency and abdominal pain) of the CDAI. Further details will be provided in a study 
manual.
3.7.2.4
Subject Diary
An electronic daily diary will be completed by subjects throughout the trial to record data 
for the following:

Patient-reported components of the CDAI score and PRO-2 (stool frequency and 
number of liquid or soft stools, number of antidiarrheal medications taken, abdominal 
pain score, and general well-being)

Presence of visible blood in the stool

Assessments related to stool sample collection (eg, alcohol intake, list of food and 
drinks)
Subjects will begin completing the daily diary after signing the consent and will continue 
completing the daily diary until the 30-day post-treatment follow-up visit.
During the screening period, subjects will be dispensed an electronic diary to complete to 
collect data for the baseline CDAI assessment. After completion of the diary for 7 days, 
subjects will undergo bowel preparation for 3 days and then an ileocolonoscopy with 
biopsy will occur (within 7 to 10 days prior to Day 1). Stool frequency during the week 
of bowel preparation and ileocolonoscopy will not be used; the daily diary will be 
restarted on Day 1 (after randomization).
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3.7.2.5
Investigator Assessments
The investigator will record the following assessments throughout the trial at the 
appropriate time points:

Investigator-reported components of the CDAI score (physical examination for 
assessment of an abdominal mass and extraintestinal complications, laboratory results
for hematocrit levels, and weight)

Endoscopic results for the SES-CD score (ulcers, surface involved by disease, surface 
involved by ulcerations, and narrowings)
The CDAI score will be calculated using both subject- and investigator-reported data.
3.7.3
Safety Assessments
3.7.3.1
Adverse Events
Refer to Section 5, Reporting of Adverse Events. 
3.7.3.2
Clinical Laboratory Assessments
A central laboratory designated by the sponsor will be used for all laboratory testing 
required during the trial. Clinical laboratory assessments will be performed at the time 
points specified in Table 3.7-1. The clinical laboratory assessments for this trial are listed 
in Table 3.7.3.2-1. 
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Table 3.7.3.2-1
Clinical Laboratory Assessments
Hematology:
Hematocrit
Hemoglobin
International normalized ratio
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
Mean corpuscular volume
Partial thromboplastin time
Platelets
Prothrombin time
RBC count
WBC count with differential 
Urinalysis:
Appearance
Color 
Blood
Glucose
Microscopic analysis, WBC/RBC counts per high 
powered field
pH
Protein
Specific gravity
Serum Chemistry:
Alkaline phosphatase
ALT
AST
Bicarbonate (or carbon dioxide)
Bilirubin, total 
Blood urea nitrogen 
Calcium
Chloride
Creatinine
Gamma glutamyl transferase
Glucose
Potassium
Protein, total 
Sodium
Additional Tests:
Urine pregnancy for WOCBP
(a positive urine pregnancy test must be confirmed 
with a serum pregnancy test)
FSH (optional; perimenopausal and 
postmenopausal female subjects only)
CMV (optional CMV testing can be done on the 
biopsy specimen, if clinically indicated)
CRP
FCP
HIV 
Viral hepatitis B and C serology
Stool microbiology testing (eg, for culture, 
C difficile, O&P)
Urine alcohol and drug screen
RBC = red blood cell; WBC = white blood cell.
The total volume of blood to be collected during the trial will be documented in the ICF.
A urine pregnancy test will be conducted in WOCBP prior to trial intervention (at 
screening and again on Day 1 [baseline]); results must be available prior to the 
administration of the IMP. If the urine pregnancy test result is positive, the investigator 
must follow-up with a confirmatory serum pregnancy test. Additional pregnancy tests 
may be conducted based on local regulatory requirements, as needed.
Only serum chemistries are required at Day 1; however, if there was a significant change 
(as determined by the investigator) in any of the subject’s concomitant medications since 
the screening visit, hematology and urinalysis are also required. Only hematology is 
required at Weeks 4, 8, and 10; and only serum chemistry and hematology are required at 
the 30-day post-treatment follow-up.
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3.7.3.3
Physical Examination and Vital Signs
A full physical examination will be conducted at screening and a directed/targeted 
physical examination will be conducted at the subsequent visits as noted in Table 3.7-1. 
The full physical examination will include an evaluation of the following body systems: 
head and neck; ears, eyes, nose, and throat; thorax; abdomen; genitourinary; extremities; 
neurological; and skin and mucosae. There is no need for a genitourinary exam if the 
subject has confirmation from a gynecologist or urologist of a gender- and 
age-appropriate exam conducted within 1 year. For purposes of this trial, the 
directed/targeted physical examination will include an abdominal examination.
Whenever possible, the same individual should perform all physical examinations for any 
individual subject throughout the course of the trial (for consistency of assessment). For 
trial sites in the United States, individuals performing the physical examination must be 
permitted to do so by local regulations, must be listed on the Food and Drug 
Administration (FDA) Form 1572 as principal investigator or subinvestigator, and must 
be listed on the trial site delegation of authority form as performing this function.
Vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, and respiratory rate) will be measured 
at the time points specified in Table 3.7-1. Blood pressure and heart rate measurements 
will be made in the supine and sitting positions after the subject has been in each position 
for at least 5 minutes. Vital signs should be measured before blood samples for PK 
analysis are collected, when applicable.
3.7.3.4
Electrocardiogram Assessments
The 12-lead ECGs will be performed in the supine position. 
At the sparse blood sampling sites, standard safety ECGs will be conducted during the 
screening period; predose on Day 1; 1 to 4 hours postdose on Day 1, Day 8, Week 2, 
Week 6, and Week 12/End of Treatment; and at the 30-day post-treatment follow-up.
At the robust blood sampling sites, triplicate ECGs will be recorded on Day 1 and 
Week 6 at predose (prior to the morning dose) and at 2, 4, and 8 hours after the morning 
dose. The 3 ECG replicates will be extracted from a 5-minute “ECG window” (typically, 
the last 5 minutes of the 15-minute period when the subject is maintained in a supine 
position). There will be at least 1 minute between each ECG. Baseline will be the average 
of the 3 ECG measurements conducted in triplicate at predose on Day 1. Blood samples 
for PK analysis should be taken immediately following the triplicate ECG assessments.
Additional standard safety ECGs will be conducted during the screening period; 1 to 
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4 hours postdose on Day 8, Week 2, and Week 12/End of Treatment; and at the 30-day 
post-treatment follow-up visit.
Subjects should be monitored for potentially clinically significant ECG results. Any 
abnormalities considered by the investigator to be clinically significant are to be recorded 
as AEs on the AE screen in eSource.
The ECGs should be performed before blood sample collection, when applicable. A 
central ECG service will be utilized for reading all ECGs. Additional ECGs may be 
conducted based on local regulatory requirements, as needed.
3.7.3.5
Other Safety Assessments
3.7.3.5.1
Ileocolonoscopy With Biopsy
After completion of a daily diary for 7 days during the screening period, subjects will 
undergo bowel preparation for 3 days (consisting of 2 days of dietary modifications and 
1 day of cleansing bowel preparation) and then an ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will be 
performed. The ileocolonoscopy should be performed within 7 to 10 days prior to Day 1. 
An ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will be performed again at Week 12/End of Treatment, 
after another 3 days of bowel preparation. The 3-day bowel preparation should be 
approximately 4 days prior to the Week 12 (eg, Day 80 through Day 82) visit date; this is 
to ensure that subjects are still taking IMP for these assessments. An ileocolonoscopy 
with biopsy will be conducted up to approximately 1 day prior to the Week 12 (eg, 
Day 83) visit date.
The readings of these ileocolonoscopies will be conducted by a central reading facility. 
Detailed language on the collection of the ileocolonoscopy data will be provided in a 
study manual. Detailed language on the readings of the ileocolonoscopies will be 
provided in an ileocolonoscopy charter.
3.7.4
Prior and Concomitant Medications
The investigator will record all medications and therapies taken by the subject from 
30 days prior to signing of informed consent through the end of the evaluation period 
(defined as the time period during which subjects are evaluated for primary and/or
secondary objectives) in the electronic source records (eSource). The investigator will 
record all medications and therapies taken by the subject for treatment of an AE or which 
caused an AE until the end of the trial (defined as the last date of contact) in eSource.
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3.7.5
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Assessments
3.7.5.1
Pharmacokinetic Assessments
3.7.5.1.1
Pharmacokinetic Blood Samples
Blood samples (4 mL, NaF/KOx) will be collected and processed into plasma to 
determine the concentrations of OPS-2071 and its metabolite, M34101, at the time points 
outlined below. The concentrations of additional metabolites that are not identified in the 
protocol may also be determined if needed.
Two different PK blood sampling schemes, an extensive (robust) and a sparse sampling 
scheme, will be utilized at different trial sites. Forty subjects from selected trial sites will 
be required for robust blood sampling.
At the sparse blood sampling trial sites, blood samples for PK analysis will be collected 
on Day 1 at predose and on Day 1, Week 2, Week 6, and Week 12/End of Treatment 1 to 
4 hours after the morning dose at the same time as the collection of blood samples for 
clinical laboratory tests. 
A total of 40 subjects at the robust blood sampling trial sites will receive OPS-2071 or 
placebo according to the randomization plan. At the robust blood sampling trial sites, 
blood samples for PK analysis will be collected from 40 subjects immediately following 
the triplicate ECG assessments, on Day 1 and Week 6 at predose and at 2, 4, and 8 hours 
after the morning dose. Additional blood samples for PK analysis will be collected at the 
robust blood sampling trial sites at Week 2 and Week 12/End of Treatment 1 to 4 hours 
after the morning dose at the same time as the collection of blood samples for clinical 
laboratory tests. Robust blood sampling will be completed once there are 40 subjects that 
have completed the trial on-treatment. Once robust blood sampling has been completed, 
these trial sites will continue to complete sparse blood sampling.
Processing, storage, and shipping instructions for blood samples for PK analysis are 
provided in Appendix 1.
3.7.5.1.2
Pharmacokinetic Urine Samples
No urine samples will be collected for PK analysis.
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3.7.5.2
Pharmacodynamic Assessments
A blood sample will be collected and processed into plasma to assess CRP. If CRP is not 
elevated on Day 1, there is no need for any further CRP assessments. In addition, a fecal 
sample will be collected to assess FCP. 
No formal pharmacodynamic (PD) assessments are planned.
3.7.6
Fecal Microbiota
Fecal samples will be collected at the time points defined in Table 3.7-1 for the stool 
microbiology testing, FCP, and microbiota assessment. During screening, the fecal 
sample should be collected prior to the bowel preparation and ileocolonoscopy. 
Collection and processing instructions will be provided separately.
Fecal samples for the microbiota assessment will be analyzed and changes relative to 
baseline in the abundance and taxonomical profile will be evaluated. Questions that are 
applicable to the fecal microbiota assessment will be included in the questionnaire that is
part of each subject’s diary. Data from the microbiota assessment will be reported 
separately.
3.7.7
Future Biospecimen Research Sample Collection
A whole blood sample (up to 10 mL) for FBR will be collected only from subjects who 
consent to this sample collection.
Research performed on this sample may include genetic analyses (eg, DNA, gene 
expression profiling [ribonucleic acid], proteomics, metabolomics, and/or the 
measurement of other analytes). Such research is for biomarker testing to address 
emergent questions not described elsewhere in the protocol (as part of the main trial) and 
will only be conducted on specimens from appropriately consented subjects. The 
objective of collecting specimens for FBR is to explore and identify biomarkers that 
inform the scientific understanding of diseases and/or their therapeutic treatments. 
NOTE: If subjects consent to the optional blood sample collection for FBR, then the 
second aliquot of blood samples for PK analysis collected from these subjects may be 
stored and used for this research.
Processing, storage, and shipping instructions for blood samples for FBR are provided in 
Appendix 1.
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3.7.8
End of Treatment/End of Trial
If a subject discontinues IMP before Week 12, the last date that the subject received IMP 
will be recorded as the End of Treatment. See Section 3.8 for more information on the 
End of Treatment rules for this trial.
The end of trial date is defined as the last date of contact from the 30-day post-treatment 
follow-up visit screen in eSource for the last subject completing or withdrawing from the 
trial.
3.7.9
Independent Data Monitoring Committee
For this trial, an Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC; also known as a Data 
Safety Monitoring Board) will be established. The role of the IDMC and the various 
criteria adhered to will be delineated in detail in a separate IDMC charter document, but 
in general, this group will meet on a regular basis to ensure the safe and ethical treatment 
of trial subjects, the scientific integrity of the trial, and that the trial is conducted within 
the bounds of ethical medical practice. The IDMC may make recommendations to the 
sponsor to amend or terminate the trial based on grounds of safety, futility, or greater 
than expected efficacy as defined by the accepted statistical practices and procedures to 
be detailed in their charter.
3.8
Stopping Rules, Withdrawal Criteria, and Procedures
3.8.1
Entire Trial or Treatment Arm(s)
If the sponsor terminates or suspends the trial for any reason, prompt notification will be 
given to investigators, IRBs/IEC, and regulatory authorities in accordance with regulatory 
requirements.
3.8.2
Individual Site
Individual trial site participation may be discontinued by the sponsor, the investigator, or 
the IRB/IEC if judged to be necessary for medical, safety, regulatory, ethical or other 
reasons consistent with applicable laws, regulations, and GCP. The investigator will 
notify the sponsor promptly if the trial is terminated by the investigator or the IRB/IEC at 
the site.
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3.8.3
Individual Subject Discontinuation
3.8.3.1
Treatment Interruption
All attempts should be made to avoid treatment interruption during the trial. For subjects 
who have an interruption of treatment, the investigator or designee will contact the 
sponsor at the earliest possible time by telephone. The sponsor should be notified when 
there is a planned or inadvertent treatment interruption of 4 days or more in a 7-day 
period. The investigator and sponsor will come as quickly as possible to a joint decision
regarding the subject’s continuation in the trial. This decision will be documented by the 
investigator and the sponsor, and reviewed by the trial site monitor. The treatment 
interruption will be recorded in eSource and also recorded as a protocol deviation 
(Section 3.13).
3.8.3.2
Treatment Discontinuation and/or Trial Discontinuation
After randomization, a subject may stop treatment permanently for a variety of reasons. 
Treatment discontinuations may be initiated by a subject who is not satisfied with 
treatment or may become medically necessary due to AEs, required treatment with a 
disallowed medication or therapy, or other issues, as determined by the investigator. 
Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new 
therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial will be considered as treatment failures
(nonresponders) in the efficacy analysis. However, based on investigator’s judgement, 
these subjects may continue their IMP treatment, or discontinue their IMP treatment, but 
are encouraged to stay in the trial for scheduled study assessments. Each investigator 
should comprehensively review the circumstances for each subject and refer to 
Section 3.8.3.5 for additional information. A subject who discontinues treatment will be 
recorded as an IMP discontinuation in eSource and have an End of Treatment visit. 
Subjects who discontinue from the trial will have an End of Treatment visit, which 
should be scheduled as soon as possible after the subject’s last dose of IMP, and a 30-day 
post-treatment follow-up visit to collect the assessments defined in the schedule of 
assessments (Table 3.7-1).
Subjects who discontinue IMP, but remain on their stable baseline Crohn’s medication,
will complete an End of Treatment visit and are allowed to stay in the trial and have 
efficacy evaluations at Week 12.
If a subject discontinues from the trial prematurely, the reason must be fully evaluated 
and recorded appropriately in source documents and in eSource. If the subject is being 
withdrawn because of an AE, that AE should be indicated as the reason for withdrawal. 
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All subjects have the right to withdraw at any point during treatment without prejudice. 
The investigator can discontinue a subject’s participation in the trial at any time if 
medically necessary. Subjects whose consents are completely withdrawn will be
discontinued from the trial and the reason will be recorded in eSource. These subjects 
will complete the End of Treatment visit. 
Subjects who are discontinued from the trial will not be replaced.
3.8.3.3
Documenting Reasons for Treatment Discontinuation
A subject may discontinue IMP for a number of reasons, including those listed below:

Reasons related to AE:

Subject decides to discontinue because of annoyance or discomfort due to a 
nonserious AE which is not otherwise determined to be an undue hazard

Continuing IMP places the subject at undue risk as determined by the investigator 
(eg, a safety concern that is possibly, probably, or likely related to IMP)

SAE

Other potentially IMP-related safety concerns or AEs

Death

Reasons unrelated to medical condition (provide detail and review AE history with 
subject)

Withdrawal of informed consent (complete written withdrawal of consent form)

Lost to follow-up

Pregnancy (see Section 5.5)

Termination of all or part of the trial by the sponsor
Adverse events that are stopping rules to be reported directly to the medical monitor 
include the following:
1) A confirmed prolongation of QTcF with an absolute value > 500 msec or any 
QTcF interval prolonged 60 msec or greater compared to baseline
2) Hemoglobin count of < 8.0 g/dL
3) Platelet count of 100000 μL or less
4) Discontinuation of treatment should be considered for liver function test
abnormalities if:
a) ALT or AST > 8 × ULN
b) ALT or AST > 5 × ULN for more than 2 weeks
c) ALT or AST > 3 × ULN and total bilirubin > 2 × ULN or international 
normalized ratio > 1.5
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d) ALT or AST > 3 × ULN with the appearance of fatigue, nausea, vomiting, 
right upper quadrant pain or tenderness, fever, rash, and/or eosinophilia (> 5%)
5) New onset C difficile or enteric infection
6) Any IMP-related clinically significant event that jeopardizes the safety or health 
of the subject
7) Any IMP-related clinically significant event, uncontrolled by optimal medical 
care
8) Any toxicity related to IMP administration, requiring the delay of administration 
of IMP > 5 days 
If the subject discontinues IMP due to an AE, the investigator, or other trial personnel, 
will make every effort to follow the event until it has resolved or stabilized. Refer to 
Section 3.8.3.2 for requirements in the event of IMP discontinuation.
3.8.3.4
Withdrawal of Consent
All subjects have the right to withdraw their consent from further participation in the trial 
at any time without prejudice. Subjects cannot withdraw consent for use of data already 
collected as part of the trial, but only for future participation. The investigator can also 
discontinue a subject’s participation in the trial at any time if medically necessary. Unless 
the subject provides their written withdrawal of consent or there is other written 
documentation by the investigator confirming the subject’s verbal intent to completely 
withdraw from the trial, subjects should be followed for all protocol-specified evaluations 
and assessments, if possible.
Complete withdrawal of consent requires a subject’s refusal of ALL of the following 
methods of follow-up (these methods of follow-up will also be noted in the trial ICF):

Participation in all follow-up procedures specified in the protocol (whether in-clinic, 
by telephone, or by an in-home visit).

Participation in a subset of protocol specified follow-up procedures (by a frequency 
schedule and method, as agreed by subject and staff).

Contact of the subject by trial personnel, even if only by telephone, to assess current 
medical condition, and obtain necessary medical or laboratory reports relevant to the 
trial’s objectives.

Contact of alternative person(s) who have been designated in source records as being 
available to discuss the subject’s medical condition, even if only by telephone, mail, 
or e-mail (eg, family, spouse, partner, legal representative, friend, neighbor, or 
physician).

Access to medical information from alternative sources (eg, hospital/clinic medical 
records, referring doctor’s notes, public records, dialysis, transplantation or vital 
registries, social media sources). 
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Withdrawal of consent is a critical trial event and therefore should be approached with 
the same degree of importance and care as is used in initially obtaining informed consent. 
The reasons for a subject’s intended withdrawal need to be completely understood, 
documented, and managed to protect the rights of the subject and the integrity of the trial. 
A subject may initially express their desire to discontinue IMP administration, which is 
not equivalent to a complete withdrawal of consent for further participation (see 
Section 3.8.3.2). A subject may, however, indicate that further trial participation is 
creating a burden on their work or social schedule. Therefore, the investigator should 
follow the procedures outlined in Section 3.8.3.3 to determine if the subject can continue 
participation in the trial if modifications to his/her treatment and/or schedule of 
assessments can be accommodated. Only subjects who withdraw their permission for all 
of the above degrees of follow-up are considered to have completely withdrawn their 
consent to participate in the trial.
Subjects who withdraw from the trial will not be replaced.
3.8.3.5
Continued Trial Participation After IMP Discontinuation
In all cases of impending IMP discontinuation or consent withdrawal, investigators will 
be given instructions to meet and discuss with the subject their options of continuing in 
the trial. The investigator should ensure understanding and documentation of the reasons 
for the subject’s desire to withdraw consent. Subjects who discontinue IMP are allowed
to stay in the trial and have efficacy evaluations at Week 12. Subjects who achieve 
clinical remission during the trial should be encouraged to stay in the trial, have their 
efficacy evaluation at Week 12, and see if they can achieve endoscopic remission in 
addition to clinical remission.
3.9
Screen Failures
A screen failure subject is one from whom informed consent is obtained and is 
documented (ie, subject signs an ICF), but who is not randomized or assigned to trial 
treatment. Subjects who sign an ICF but who are not started on treatment are permitted to 
be rescreened. Subjects excluded for drug or alcohol abuse are not eligible to be 
rescreened for participation in the trial. However, subjects excluded for other reasons 
may be rescreened at any time if the exclusion characteristic has changed. Subjects are 
permitted to be rescreened 3 times. In the event that the subject is rescreened, a new ICF 
must be signed, a new screening number assigned, and all screening procedures repeated.
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3.10
Definition of Completed Subjects
The treatment period is defined as the time period during which subjects are evaluated for 
primary and/or secondary objectives of the trial irrespective of whether or not the subject 
actually consumed all doses of the IMP. Subjects who are evaluated at the last scheduled 
visit during the treatment period will be defined as trial completers. Subjects who 
complete the Week 12 visit on IMP will be considered as on-treatment completers. 
Subjects who discontinue IMP but complete the Week 12 visit will be considered as 
off-treatment completers.
3.11
Definition of Subjects Lost to Follow-up
Subjects who cannot be contacted on or before the 30-day post-treatment follow-up, who 
do not have a known reason for discontinuation (eg, withdrew consent or AE), and for 
whom a survival status at the end of the trial cannot be determined will be classified as 
“lost to follow-up” as the reason for discontinuation. Survival status can be determined 
from a variety of sources, either by obtaining acceptable documentation for death (ie, 
death certificate, medical records, public records, statement by a family member or 
primary care physician) or acceptable documentation for life (ie, direct contact with the 
subject, medical records, successful telephone contact with the subject, statement by a 
family member or primary care physician, or public records).
The site will make 3 documented attempts to contact the subject by telephone and in the 
event the site is unable to reach the subject by telephone, the site will attempt to contact 
the subject via certified mail or an alternative similar method, where appropriate, before 
assigning a “lost to follow-up” status.
3.12
Subject Compliance 
The date and time of the first dose of IMP administration will be recorded. The date and 
time of the dose administered on the days of blood sampling for PK analysis will also be 
recorded. Information regarding any missed or inappropriately administered doses will 
also be documented in eSource. Subjects with > 20% missed doses will be considered 
noncompliant. If subjects do not comply with the protocol, it is at the discretion of the 
investigator and sponsor to terminate their participation in the trial.
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3.13
Protocol Deviations
In the event of a significant deviation from the protocol due to an emergency, accident, or 
mistake (eg, violation of informed consent process, IMP dispensing or subject dosing 
error, treatment assignment error, subject enrolled in violation of eligibility criteria or 
concomitant medication criteria), the investigator or designee will contact the sponsor at 
the earliest possible time by telephone. The investigator and sponsor will discuss the 
details of the deviation and agree upon the subject’s continuation in the trial. This 
decision will be documented by the investigator and the sponsor, and reviewed by the site 
monitor.
4
Restrictions
4.1
Prohibited Medications
In vitro studies have shown that OPS-2071 is a substrate of breast cancer resistance 
protein (BCRP) transporters, UGT1A1 mainly and UGT1A9 partially. Hence, it is 
recommended to avoid concomitant use of BCRP inhibitors (eg, Estrone, 17β-estradiol, 
flavonoids, herb extracts, gefitinib, imatinib, tamoxifen, novobiocin, nelfinavir, ritonavir, 
dipyridamole, fumitremorgin C, Ko143, cyclosporine, curcumin, eltrombopag, 
omeprazole, ivermectin) and UGT1A1 or UGT1A9 inhibitors (eg, Silybin, diclofenac, 
mycophenolic acid, efavirenz, regorafenib).
The following medications are prohibited:

Use of prednisone or prednisolone > 30 mg/day or budesonide > 9 mg/day, or 
intravenous steroids, within 4 weeks prior to screening. Low-dose steroids may be 
tapered down during the trial, based on inflammatory biomarkers and the 
investigator’s judgment.

Antibiotics (eg, metronidazole, rifaximin, tinidazole, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin) 
within 15 days prior to screening or for greater than 2 months within the past year. A 
short course (maximum of 5 days) of antibiotics will be permitted during the trial, as 
needed, for indications other than Crohn’s disease.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Antithrombotic drugs:

Anticoagulants: heparin or warfarin (also called Coumadin), rivaroxaban 
(Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis), edoxaban (Lixiana, Savaysa), betrixaban 
(Bevyxxa), bivalirudin, argatroban, and desirudin

Antiplatelet drugs: clopidogrel (Plavix) and aspirin (aspirin use of ≤325 mg daily 
are permitted)
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
Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, encainide, flecainide, sotalol, amiodarone, 
ibutilide, dronedarone, or propafenone
Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new 
therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial will be considered as treatment failures
(nonresponders) in the efficacy analysis. These subjects are encouraged to stay in the trial 
for continuous data collection (Section 3.8.3.2).
4.2
Other Restrictions 
Subjects should be recommended to limit the amount of caffeine to no more than 250 mg 
of caffeine products such as coffee, tea, soda, energy drinks, chocolate, or chocolate milk 
per day.
The use of over-the-counter probiotic supplements, including over-the-counter 
Lactobacillus products, is not permitted.
5
Reporting of Adverse Events
5.1
Definitions
An AE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical trial subject 
administered a medicinal product and which does not necessarily have a causal 
relationship with this treatment. Adverse events would not include information recorded 
as medical history at screening for preplanned procedures for which the underlying 
condition was known and no worsening occurred. Adverse events will be recorded from 
the time the ICF is signed. Any significant changes from screening should be documented 
as an AE.
An adverse reaction is any untoward and unintended response to an IMP related to any 
dose administered. A suspected adverse reaction is any AE for which there is a 
reasonable possibility that the IMP caused the AE. For the purpose of investigational new 
drug (IND) safety reporting, “reasonable possibility” means there is evidence to suggest a 
causal relationship between the IMP and the AE. A suspected adverse reaction implies a 
lesser degree of certainty about causality.
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An SAE includes any event that results in any of the following outcomes:

Death

Life-threatening; ie, the subject was, in the opinion of the investigator, at immediate 
risk of death from the event as it occurred. It does not include an event that, had it 
occurred in a more severe form, might have caused death.

Persistent or significant incapacity/disability or substantial disruption of the ability to 
conduct normal life functions.

Requires in-patient hospitalization or prolongs hospitalization.

Hospitalization itself should not be reported as an SAE; whenever possible the 
reason for the hospitalization should be reported.

Hospitalizations or prolonged hospitalizations for social admissions (ie, those 
required for reasons of convenience or other nonmedical need) are not considered 
SAEs.

Congenital anomaly/birth defect.

Other medically significant events that, based upon appropriate medical judgment, 
may jeopardize the subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to 
prevent one of the outcomes listed above; eg, allergic bronchospasm requiring 
intensive treatment in an emergency room or home, blood dyscrasias or convulsions 
that do not result in hospitalization, or the development of drug dependency or drug 
abuse.
Nonserious adverse events are all AEs that do not meet the criteria for a "serious" AE.
Immediately Reportable Event (IRE):

Any SAE.

Any AE related to occupational exposure.

Potential serious hepatotoxicity (see Section 5.4). 

Pregnancies are also defined as IREs. Although normal pregnancy is not an AE, it 
will mandate IMP discontinuation and must be reported on an IRE form to the 
sponsor. Pregnancy will only be documented on the AE screen in eSource if there is 
an abnormality or complication.
Adverse events that are stopping rules to be reported directly to the medical monitor are 
listed in Section 3.8.3.3.
Clinical Laboratory Test Value Changes: It is the investigator’s responsibility to review 
the results of all laboratory tests as they become available. This review will be 
documented by the investigator’s dated signature on the laboratory report. For each 
abnormal laboratory test result, the investigator needs to ascertain if this is an abnormal 
(ie, clinically significant) change from baseline for that individual subject. This 
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determination, however, does not necessarily need to be made the first time an abnormal 
value is observed. The investigator may repeat the laboratory test or request additional 
tests to verify the results of the original laboratory tests. If this laboratory value is 
considered medically relevant by the investigator (subject is symptomatic, requiring 
corrective treatment or further evaluation), or if the laboratory value leads to 
discontinuation, and/or fulfills a seriousness criterion, this is considered an AE. 
Severity: Adverse events will be graded on a 3-point scale and reported as indicated in 
eSource. The intensity of an adverse experience is defined as follows:
1 = Mild:
Discomfort noticed, but no disruption to daily activity.
2 = Moderate:
Discomfort sufficient to reduce or affect normal daily activity.
3 = Severe:
Inability to work or perform normal daily activity.
IMP Causality: Assessment of causal relationship of an AE to the use of the IMP is 
defined as follows:
Related*: 
There is a reasonable possibility of a temporal and causal 
relationship between the IMP and the AE.
Not Related: 
There is no temporal or causal relationship between the IMP and 
the AE.
*Investigators should carefully consider consequences of the bowel preparation when 
assigning causality of AEs (eg, diarrhea).
5.2
Eliciting and Reporting Adverse Events
The investigator will periodically assess subjects for the occurrence of AEs. To avoid 
bias in eliciting AEs, subjects should be asked the nonleading question: “How have you 
felt since your last visit?” All AEs (serious and nonserious) reported by the subject must 
be recorded on the source documents and in eSource. Serious AE collection is to begin 
after a subject has signed the ICF.
Use medical terminology in AE reporting. Adverse events should be reported as a single 
unifying diagnosis whenever possible or, in the absence of a unifying diagnosis, as 
individual signs or symptoms. Exacerbation or disease progression should be reported as 
an AE only if there are unusual or severe clinical features that were not present, or 
experienced earlier, or not expected based on the course of the condition. A reported AE 
that undergoes a change in severity, seriousness, or toxicity should be reported as a new 
AE in eSource.
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In addition, the sponsor must be notified immediately by telephone, fax, or e-mail of any 
IREs according to the procedure outlined below, in Section 5.3. Special attention should 
be paid to recording hospitalization and concomitant medications.
5.3
Immediately Reportable Events 
The investigator must immediately report after either the investigator or site personnel 
become aware of any SAE, AE related to occupational exposure, potential serious 
hepatotoxicity, or confirmed pregnancy, by telephone, fax, or e-mail to the sponsor using 
the contact information on the cover page of this protocol. An IRE form must be 
completed and sent by e-mail, fax, or overnight courier to the sponsor. (Please note that 
the IRE form is NOT the AE screen in eSource.)
Subjects experiencing SAEs should be followed clinically until their health has returned 
to baseline status, or until all parameters have returned to normal or have otherwise been 
explained. It is expected that the investigator will provide or arrange appropriate 
supportive care for the subject and will provide prompt updates on the subject’s status to 
the sponsor.
5.4
Potential Serious Hepatotoxicity
For a subject who experiences an elevation in AST or ALT that is ≥3 times the ULN, a 
total bilirubin level should also be evaluated. If the total bilirubin is ≥2 times the ULN, 
complete an IRE form with all values listed and also report as an AE in eSource.
5.5
Pregnancy
Women of childbearing potential are defined as female subjects for whom menstruation 
has started and who are not documented as sterile (ie, have had a bilateral oophorectomy 
and/or hysterectomy or who have been postmenopausal for at least 12 months).
For WOCBP and for men who are sexually active, there must be a documented 
agreement that the subject and/or their partner will take effective measures to prevent 
pregnancy during the course of the trial and for 30 days after the last dose of IMP. Unless 
the subject is sterile (ie, women who have had a bilateral oophorectomy and/or 
hysterectomy or who have been postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months; or 
men who have had a bilateral orchiectomy) or remains abstinent, 2 of the following 
precautions must be used: vasectomy, tubal ligation, intrauterine device, birth control 
pills, birth control depot injection, or birth control implant. A vaginal diaphragm, condom 
with spermicide, or sponge with spermicide may also be used as measures to prevent 
pregnancy, but must be used in combination with at least one of the previous methods. 
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Any single method of birth control, including vasectomy and tubal ligation, may fail, 
leading to pregnancy. The contraceptive method will be documented at each trial visit.
Before enrolling WOCBP in this clinical trial, investigators must review the below 
guidelines about trial participation with all WOCBP. The topics should generally include:

General information

Informed consent form

Pregnancy prevention information

Drug interactions with hormonal contraceptives

Contraceptives in current use

Guidelines for the follow-up of a reported pregnancy
Before trial enrollment, WOCBP must be advised of the importance of avoiding 
pregnancy during trial participation and the potential risk factors for an unintentional 
pregnancy. The subject must sign an ICF stating that the above-mentioned risk factors 
and the consequences were discussed with her.
A urine pregnancy test for human chorionic gonadotropin will be performed at screening 
and again on Day 1 (baseline) for all WOCBP. If a urine test is performed and is positive, 
the investigator will follow up with a confirmatory serum test.
During the trial, all WOCBP should be instructed to contact the investigator immediately 
if they suspect they might be pregnant (eg, missed or late menstrual cycle).
If a subject is suspected to be pregnant before she receives IMP, the IMP administration 
must be withheld until the results of the serum pregnancy tests are available. If the 
pregnancy is confirmed, the subject must not receive the IMP and must not be enrolled in 
the trial. If pregnancy is suspected while the subject is taking IMP, the IMP must be 
withheld immediately (if reasonable, taking into consideration any potential withdrawal 
risks) until the result of the pregnancy test is known. If pregnancy is confirmed, the IMP 
will be permanently discontinued in an appropriate manner (eg, dose tapering if 
necessary for subject safety) and the subject will be withdrawn from the trial. 
The investigator must immediately notify the sponsor of any pregnancy associated with 
IMP exposure during the trial and for 30 days after the last dose of IMP, and record the 
event on the IRE form and forward it to the sponsor. The sponsor will forward Pregnancy 
Surveillance Form(s) for monitoring the outcome of the pregnancy. 
Protocol-required procedures for trial discontinuation and follow-up must be performed 
on the subject unless contraindicated by pregnancy (eg, x-ray studies). Other appropriate 
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pregnancy follow-up procedures should be considered, if indicated. In addition, the 
investigator must report to the sponsor, on appropriate Pregnancy Surveillance Form(s), 
follow-up information regarding the course of the pregnancy, including perinatal and 
neonatal outcome. Infants will be followed for a minimum of 6 months from the date of 
birth. Local regulatory requirements must be followed for follow-up and reporting on 
pregnancy cases and/or infants.
5.6
Procedure for Breaking the Blind 
The investigator is encouraged to contact the sponsor/Clinical Research Organization 
(CRO) medical advisor to discuss their rationale for unblinding. However, to prevent 
delays to the investigator or medical personnel responding to a potentially emergent 
situation, unblinding of IMP will not be dependent upon the investigator receiving 
approval from the sponsor/CRO medical advisor (ie, the investigator will be able to 
obtain the code break information independent of the sponsor/CRO medical advisor). The 
investigator must contact the sponsor/CRO medical advisor by telephone or e-mail with 
an explanation of the need for opening the treatment assignment code within 24 hours of 
opening the code. If the blind is broken, the sponsor must be notified immediately (see 
the cover page of this protocol for contact information). Documentation of breaking the 
blind should be recorded in the subject’s medical record with the date and time the blind 
was broken and the names of the personnel involved. Once the blind is broken for a 
subject, that subject may not reinitiate treatment with the IMP.
5.7
Follow-up of Adverse Events 
5.7.1
Follow-up of Nonserious Adverse Events
Nonserious AEs that are identified at any time during the trial must be recorded on the 
AE screen in eSource with the current status (ongoing or resolved/recovered) noted. All 
nonserious events (that are not IREs) that are ongoing at the last scheduled contact will 
be recorded as ongoing in eSource. For any AE having been identified throughout the 
trial, during analysis, additional relevant medical history information may be requested 
by the sponsor to further ascertain causality (including, but not limited to, information 
such as risk-related behavior, family history and occupation).
5.7.2
Follow-up of Serious Adverse Events and Immediately 
Reportable Events
This trial requires that subjects be actively monitored for SAEs and IREs up to 30 days 
after the last dose of IMP is administered.
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Serious AEs and nonserious IREs that are identified or ongoing at the last scheduled 
contact must be recorded as such on the AE screen in eSource. If updated information 
(eg, resolved status) on SAE or IRE status becomes available after a subject’s last 
scheduled contact (up to the last in-clinic visit for the entire trial), this must be reported to 
the sponsor and recorded on the AE screen in eSource, according to the appropriate 
reporting procedures. The investigator will follow SAEs until the events are resolved, 
stabilized, or the subject is lost to follow-up or has died. Resolution means that the 
subject has returned to the baseline state of health and stabilized means that the 
investigator does not expect any further improvement or worsening of the subject’s 
condition. The investigator will continue to report any significant follow-up information 
to the sponsor up to the point the event has been resolved or stabilized, or the subject is 
lost to follow-up or has died.
5.7.3
Follow-up and Reporting of Serious Adverse Events and 
Immediately Reportable Events Occurring after Last Scheduled 
Contact
Any new SAEs or IREs reported to the investigator that occur after the last scheduled 
contact, and are determined by the investigator to be reasonably associated with the use 
of the IMP, should be reported to the sponsor. This may include SAEs or IREs that are 
captured on follow-up telephone contact or at any other time point after the defined trial 
period. The investigator should follow SAEs or IREs identified after the defined trial 
period and continue to report any significant follow-up information to the sponsor until
the events are resolved or stabilized, or the subject is lost to follow-up or has died.
6
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis
6.1
Pharmacokinetic Methods
OPS-2071 and M34101 concentrations measured from blood samples collected at trial 
sites with a robust blood sampling schedule will be analyzed by noncompartmental 
methods and summarized using descriptive statistics. If additional metabolites are 
measured, the concentrations and noncompartmental analysis will also be summarized 
using the same technique.
6.2
Pharmacodynamic Methods
No PD analysis will be performed.
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6.3
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Methods
No formal PK/PD analysis is planned.
6.4
Fecal Microbiota Methods
Fecal samples for the microbiota assessment will be analyzed by next-generation 
sequencing for whole genome and/or 16S ribosomal DNA. Taxonomical abundance and 
functional representation, where applicable, will be determined. Detailed instructions for 
fecal microbiota sampling will be provided separately.
6.5
Future Biospecimen Research Methods
No prespecified FBR analysis is planned. Any future analysis will be reported separately.
7
Statistical Analysis
7.1
Sample Size
For the primary endpoint of clinical remission (CDAI score < 150), assuming a 
40% response rate in the OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 300 mg BID dose groups and a 
20% response rate in the placebo group, 60 randomized subjects per treatment group 
would provide 80% power to detect a treatment difference between the OPS-2071 pooled 
dose groups (600 mg BID and 300 mg BID) and the placebo group in the primary 
endpoint, using a 2-sided alpha of 0.05. The total sample size of the trial is 
240 randomized subjects with 1:1:1:1 randomization to OPS-2071 600 mg BID, 300 mg 
BID, or 150 mg BID, or placebo BID. The power of individual dose comparison with 
placebo under the same assumption is 67%.
For the secondary endpoint of endoscopic response, assuming a 26.5% response rate in 
the OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 300 mg BID dose groups and a 10% response rate in the 
placebo group, 60 subjects per treatment group would provide 80% power for the 
comparison between the OPS-2071 pooled dose groups (600 mg BID and 300 mg BID)
and the placebo group, and 65% power for the individual dose comparison with placebo, 
using a 2-sided alpha of 0.05.
7.2
Datasets for Analysis
The following samples are defined for this trial:

Randomized: consists of all subjects who are randomized into this trial.

Safety: consists of all subjects who are administered at least one dose of IMP.
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
Efficacy: consists of all subjects who are in the Randomized Sample, take at least one 
dose of IMP, and have a baseline and at least one postbaseline evaluation of the 
CDAI score.
In general, baseline of an efficacy endpoint is defined as the last observation of the 
endpoint before the subject takes the first dose of IMP.
The core dataset for all efficacy analyses is based on the intent-to-treat (ITT) population,
which will consist of all randomized subjects who take at least one dose of IMP. The Full 
Analysis Set, which is identical to the Efficacy Sample, will also be used in the efficacy 
analyses. As described below, in order to handle missing data and restrictions imposed by 
different types of analyses (eg, change from baseline analysis), other datasets derived 
from the ITT population will be used for the efficacy analyses.
7.3
Handling of Missing Data
7.3.1
Estimand and Strategies for Addressing Intercurrent Events
The estimand defining the treatment effect of interest in the protocol uses a mixture of 
composite strategy and treatment policy strategy specified in the ICH E9 addendum.16
Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new
therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial are considered as treatment failures 
(nonresponders) in the ITT analysis of the primary and secondary endpoints, though they 
are encouraged to stay in the trial to be followed continuously. Their efficacy evaluations 
after the change of baseline Crohn’s disease medications will not be included in the 
efficacy analysis but will be provided in the listings. In addition, subjects who withdraw 
early from the trial are also considered as treatment failures (nonresponders) in the ITT 
analysis of all of the primary and secondary endpoints. Subjects who discontinue IMP 
during the trial with no baseline Crohn’s disease medication dosage increases and/or new
therapy for Crohn’s disease through Week 12 are also encouraged to stay in the trial and 
take primary and secondary endpoint evaluations at Week 12 for efficacy analyses. 
Hence, missing data at Week 12 due to subjects’ early withdrawal and change of baseline 
Crohn’s disease medications is handled by an ITT analysis with all subjects treated as 
treatment failures (nonresponders).
For CDAI-related endpoints, if a subject has a Week 12 evaluation but a component of 
the score is missing, the value of the component in the most recent previous visit will be 
used for the calculation of the score and the endpoint if no more than 2 components of the 
CDAI score are missing. For a CDAI assessment, if more than 2 components of the score 
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are missing, the CDAI score will be set to missing. This approach is conservative since 
subjects randomized to OPS-2071 treatment groups are expected to have their Crohn’s 
disease symptoms improved over time. No component is allowed to be missing in a 
PRO-related endpoint. The abdominal pain and stool frequency scores of PRO-2 are 
averaged over a 7-day period from the subject’s diary.
7.4
Primary and Secondary Endpoint Analyses
This is a POC trial of OPS-2071 added to ongoing treatment in subjects with Crohn’s 
disease showing symptoms of active inflammation. Subjects with stable dosages in their 
baseline Crohn’s disease medications will be randomized into treatment groups of 
OPS-2071 600 mg BID, 300 mg BID, or 150 mg BID, or placebo BID, stratified by 
CDAI score (CDAI 180 - 300 and CDAI > 300 - 450) and concomitant Crohn’s disease 
medication status (subjects who are treated with anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody, 
subjects who are treated with low-dose steroids, and subjects who are treated with other 
Crohn’s disease medications) for 12-week treatments. Dosages of baseline Crohn’s 
disease medications are expected to be maintained constant throughout the full duration 
of the trial; however, doses of baseline Crohn’s disease medications can be decreased per 
the investigator’s judgment. If a higher dosage of a baseline Crohn’s disease medication 
or a new medication for Crohn’s disease is to be administrated to a subject during the 
double-blind treatment period, the subject will be considered as a treatment failure 
(nonremission subject or nonresponder) in the analyses of the primary and secondary 
endpoints.
7.4.1
Primary Endpoint Analysis
The primary endpoint of the trial is the percentage of subjects who, at Week 12, achieve
clinical remission (CDAI score < 150).
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Logistic regression with terms of treatment group, the randomization stratification 
factors, location of disease, country, age, sex, disease duration, smoking habit, and 
baseline CDAI, and baseline CDAI with CDAI stratification factor interactions will be 
applied to the primary endpoint. The efficacy sample will be used in the efficacy analysis. 
Remission and nonremission subjects (ie, treatment failures) are defined as follows:

Subjects who complete the trial and meet the primary endpoint definition at Week 12 
without increasing dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or taking a new
medication for Crohn’s disease during the double-blind treatment period will be 
considered as remission subjects for the endpoint.

Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new
medication for Crohn’s disease during the double-blind treatment period, or subjects 
who withdraw from the trial during the double-blind period, in addition to the 
subjects who fail to meet the primary endpoint at Week 12, will be considered as 
nonremission subjects for the endpoint. 
The primary analysis of this trial is comparison of the pooled OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 
300 mg BID treatment groups with placebo in the primary endpoint of clinical remission. 
If this analysis is significant at a 2-sided alpha level of 0.05, comparisons to OPS-2071 
600 mg BID versus placebo and OPS-2071 300 mg BID versus placebo in the primary 
endpoint will be conducted with a 2-sided alpha level of 0.05 in each comparison. If the 
comparison of the pooled OPS-2071 dose groups versus placebo in the primary endpoint 
is significant at a 2-sided alpha level of 0.05, and a comparison, say, OPS-2071 600 mg 
BID versus placebo, is also significant at a 2-sided alpha level of 0.05, the null hypothesis 
of equal response of OPS-2071 600 mg BID and placebo in the primary endpoint will be 
considered rejected with an experiment-wise Type I error of 0.05.
The comparison between OPS-2071 150 mg BID versus placebo in the primary endpoint 
is considered as a secondary analysis and is provided in Section 7.4.2.
7.4.1.1
Sensitivity of the Primary Endpoint
A sensitivity analysis of the primary endpoint of clinical remission of missing data will 
be provided for subjects who withdraw from the trial before the Week 12 visit, or 
subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new 
medication for Crohn’s disease during the double-blind treatment period. A pattern-
mixture model approach will be utilized to model the distribution of the observed 
responses and the distribution of the missing responses using a placebo-based multiple 
imputation. Imputation of missing CDAI scores will be produced using a regression 
approach17 and the imputed CDAI remission status will be determined by checking if the 
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imputed CDAI score is less than 150. Details of this sensitivity analysis will be provided 
in the statistical analysis plan (SAP).
7.4.2
Secondary Endpoint Analysis
If both null hypotheses of OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 300 mg BID versus placebo in the 
primary endpoint of clinical remission are rejected with an experiment-wise Type I error 
of 0.05 by the test procedure provided in Section 7.4.1, a formal test of the secondary 
efficacy endpoint of endoscopic response (defined as a reduction of the SES-CD by at 
least 50%) for comparisons of OPS-2071 600 mg BID versus placebo and 300 mg BID 
versus placebo will be conducted, using a similar procedure used for the primary 
endpoint of clinical remission except replacing baseline CDAI with baseline SES-CD 
score.
If both null hypotheses of OPS-2071 600 mg BID versus placebo and 300 mg BID versus 
placebo in the secondary efficacy endpoint are rejected with an experiment wise Type I 
error of 0.05, the formal comparison of OPS-2071 150 mg BID versus placebo in the 
primary efficacy endpoint will be conducted, using the same model provided in the 
previous section for the primary analysis. Again, if the null hypothesis of the primary 
efficacy endpoint of OPS-2071 150 mg BID is rejected with experiment wise Type I error 
of 0.05, the formal comparison of OPS-2071 150 mg BID versus placebo in the 
secondary efficacy endpoint will be conducted, using the same model provided in the 
previous paragraph for the analysis of the secondary efficacy endpoint. Formal analyses 
of other secondary efficacy endpoints will start if the null hypothesis of OPS-2071 
150 mg BID in the secondary efficacy endpoint of endoscopic response is rejected with 
experiment wise Type I error of 0.05. 
Sensitivity analysis of missing data will be provided in the SAP for this secondary 
efficacy endpoint.
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The other secondary efficacy endpoints of this trial are listed below by the order of the 
gatekeeping test procedure and tested after the rejection of all the null hypotheses in the 
primary and the first secondary efficacy endpoints. Formal test of the secondary efficacy 
endpoint #2 will start with a comparison of pooled OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 300 mg 
BID versus placebo. If it is significant, comparisons of 600 mg BID versus placebo and 
300 mg BID versus placebo will be performed. If both comparisons are significant, 
formal comparison of OPS-2071 150 mg BID versus placebo will be conducted for the 
secondary efficacy endpoint #2. If this comparison is again significant, analysis of the 
secondary efficacy endpoint #3 will start using the same procedure, up to the secondary 
efficacy endpoint #6. Overall, this analytical procedure along with the gatekeeping 
protects the experiment-wise Type I error in the primary and secondary analyses.
2) Change from baseline in the SES-CD score.
3) The percentage of subjects with PRO-2 remission (defined as stool frequency
≤3 times per day and abdominal pain ≤ 1) at Week 12.
4) The percentage of subjects with clinical response, defined as at least a 25% 
decrease in the CDAI score, at Week 12.
5) The percentage of subjects who, at Week 12, achieve endoscopic remission 
(defined as a SES-CD score of 0 to 2; or a score of 0 to 4, with no individual 
subscore greater than 1).
6) The percentage of subjects with a decrease from baseline of ≥100 points in the 
CDAI score.
Analysis of secondary endpoint #2 will be conducted using a procedure similar to the 
analyses of the secondary endpoint of endoscopic response, except the logistic regression 
will be replaced by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The model used in the 
analysis of the primary endpoint will be applied to the analysis of secondary endpoints
#3, #4, and #6, while the model used in the analysis of the secondary endpoint of 
endoscopic response will be applied to the analysis of secondary endpoint #5.
For the PRO-2 score used to derive PRO-2 remission, the abdominal pain score is 
reported as the daily worst abdominal pain (0 to 3) score and the stool frequency score is 
recorded as the number of loose or watery bowel movements (Bristol stool form scale 6 
or 7) per day; both scores are averaged over a 7-day period.
A sensitivity analysis of secondary endpoint #3 (PRO-2 remission) of missing data will 
also be provided similar to the sensitivity analysis of the primary endpoint of CDAI 
clinical remission. Imputation of missing PRO-2 scores will be produced by applying a 
regression approach17 to the abdominal pain and stool frequency scores, averaged over a 
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7-day period. The PRO-2 remission status will be determined by checking if the imputed 
stool frequency score is ≤3 and the imputed abdominal pain score is ≤ 1. Details of this 
sensitivity analysis will be provided in the SAP.
7.4.3
Exploratory Endpoint Analysis
The CDAI score and PRO-2 score will be evaluated at baseline and at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 
10, and 12 in this trial, so that the by-visit analysis of CDAI remission and PRO-2 
remission (exploratory endpoints #1 and #2) at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, in addition to 
Week 12, will be provided and analyzed using a similar method with Week 12 replaced 
by Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10. Since the by-visit analysis of an endpoint is considered as 
supplemental to the analysis of the endpoint at Week 12, no adjustment in alpha is 
necessary.
Additional exploratory endpoints are as follows:
3) The percentage of subjects with a biological response in subjects with elevated 
levels of CRP, defined as a reduction in the level of CRP to within the normal 
range or by at least 15%, at Week 6, Week 12, and at the 30-day follow-up.
4) The percentage of subjects with a biological response in subjects with elevated 
levels of FCP, defined as a reduction in the level of FCP to within the normal 
range or by at least 15%, at Week 6, Week 12, and at the 30-day follow-up.
5) Characterization of the fecal microbiota profile and abundance based on 
taxonomic and functional annotation from next-generation sequencing, change 
from baseline, and association with phenotype, at Week 2, Week 12, and at the 
30-day follow-up.
Details of the statistical analyses will be provided in the SAP.
7.4.4
Interim Analysis
No interim analysis is planned for this trial.
7.5
Analysis of Demographic and Baseline Characteristics
Demographics, disease severity, baseline characteristics, and medical history at (predose) 
baseline will be summarized by descriptive statistics; eg, proportion, mean, median, 
standard deviation, and minimum and maximum values. These summary statistics will be 
reviewed to identify any potential lack of balance between the treatment groups.
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7.6
Safety Analysis
7.6.1
Adverse Events
All AEs will be coded by system organ class and the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory 
Activities preferred term. The incidence of the following events will be summarized by 
treatment group:

TEAEs

TEAEs by severity

TEAEs potentially causally related to the IMP

TEAEs with an outcome of death

Serious TEAEs

TEAEs leading to discontinuation of the IMP 
The TEAEs from the start of IMP to the first day of bowel preparation for 
ileocolonoscopy will be included in the TEAE summaries for all subjects who have 
bowel preparation for ileocolonoscopy at Week 12. The TEAEs that occur during the
ileocolonoscopy preparation and procedure will be summarized separately.
7.6.2
Clinical Laboratory Data
Summary statistics for changes from baseline in the central clinical laboratory 
measurements will be provided for the safety sample. Potentially clinically significant 
results in laboratory tests identified using prospectively defined criteria, including criteria 
for liver enzyme elevations, will also be summarized for the safety sample. By-subject 
listings will be provided for data of local laboratory tests.
In addition, laboratory measurements that signal the potential for Hy’s Law will be 
reported. An incidence table and a listing will be provided for subjects who meet one or 
combinations of the following criteria, without initial findings of cholestasis (alkaline 
phosphatase activity > 2 times the ULN):

ALT or AST ≥ 3 times the ULN 

Bilirubin ≥ 2 times the ULN
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7.6.3
Physical Examination and Vital Signs Data
By-subject listings will be provided for physical examinations. Summary statistics for 
changes from baseline in vital signs and potentially clinically significant results in vital 
signs will be summarized for the safety sample.
7.6.4
Electrocardiogram Data 
The mean change from baseline and the incidence of clinically significant changes will 
be calculated for ECG parameters.
For the analysis of QT and the corrected QT interval (QTc), data from 3 consecutive 
complexes (representing 3 consecutive heart beats) will be measured to determine 
average values. The following QT corrections will be used for reporting purposes in the 
clinical study report:
1) QTcF is the length of the QT interval corrected for heart rate by the Fridericia 
formula: QTcF=QT/(RR)0.33
2) QTcN is the length of the QT interval corrected for heart rate by the FDA
Neuropharm Division formula: QTcN=QT/(RR)0.37
A regression analysis will be used to derive the slope and its 90% confidence interval of 
the change in QTc, adjusted from the placebo effect (∆∆QTc), against the drug 
concentration by robust blood sampling visit.
8
Management of Investigational Medicinal Product
For full details on IMP management, please refer to the OPS-2071 IB.9
8.1
Packaging and Labeling
The IMP will be provided to the investigators and the persons designated by the 
investigator(s) or institution(s) by the sponsor or designated agent. The IMP will be 
supplied as packages. Each package of IMP used in the dosing period will be labeled to 
clearly disclose the subject ID, compound ID, trial number, sponsor’s name and address, 
instructions for use, route of administration, and appropriate precautionary statements.
8.2
Storage
The IMP will be stored in a securely locked cabinet or enclosure. Access will be limited 
to investigators and their designees. Neither investigators nor any designees may provide 
IMP to any subject not participating in this protocol.
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The IMP should be stored according to conditions specified in the IMP label.
The clinical site staff will maintain a temperature log in the IMP storage area recording 
the temperature at least once each working day.
8.3
Accountability
The investigator or designee must maintain an inventory record of IMP (including 
investigational, active control, or placebo) received, dispensed, administered, and 
returned.
8.4
Returns and Destruction
Upon completion or termination of the trial, all IMP will be destroyed by the clinical trial 
site. The IMP may only be destroyed by the trial site(s) if approved by the sponsor and if 
the IMP destruction meets all local regulations. The IMP accountability must be 
completed and verified by the assigned trial monitor prior to destruction. The trial site(s) 
may utilize qualified third party vendors for IMP destruction.
8.5
Reporting of Product Quality Complaints
A Product Quality Complaint (PQC) is any written, electronic, or verbal communication 
by a healthcare professional, consumer, subject, medical representative, Competent 
Authority, regulatory agency, partner, affiliate or other third party that alleges 
deficiencies or dissatisfaction related to identity, quality, labeling, packaging, reliability, 
safety, durability, tampering, counterfeiting, theft, effectiveness or performance of a drug 
product or medical device after it is released for distribution. Examples include, but are 
not limited to, communications involving:

Failure/malfunction of a product to meet any of its specifications

Incorrect or missing labeling

Packaging issues (eg, damaged, dirty, crushed, missing product)

Blister defects (eg, missing, empty blisters)

Bottle defects (eg, under/over-fill, no safety seal)

Vial defects

Product defect (eg, odor, chipped, broken, embossing illegible)

Loss or theft of product
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8.5.1
Eliciting and Reporting Product Quality Complaints
The investigator or designee must record all PQCs identified through any means from the 
receipt of the IMP from the sponsor, or sponsor’s designee, through and including 
reconciliation and up to destruction, including subject dosing. The investigator or 
designee must notify the sponsor (or sponsor’s designee) by e-mail or telephone within 
24 hours of becoming aware of the PQC according to the procedure outlined below.

Online - Send information required for reporting purposes (listed below) to 

Phone 
Identification of a PQC by the subject should be reported to the site investigator, who 
should then follow one of the reporting mechanisms above.
8.5.2
Information Required for Reporting Purposes

Description of complaint

Reporter identification (eg, subject, investigator, site, etc.)

Reporter contact information (eg, address, phone number, e-mail address)

ID of material (product/compound name, coding)

Clinical protocol reference (number and/or trial name)

Dosage form/strength (if known)

Pictures (if available)

Availability for return
8.5.3
Return Process
Indicate during the report of the PQC if the complaint sample is available for return. If 
complaint sample is available for return, return it in the product retrieval package, which 
will be provided by the sponsor.
It must be documented in the site accountability record that a complaint sample for a 
dispensed kit has been forwarded to the sponsor for complaint investigation.
8.5.4
Assessment/Evaluation
Assessment and evaluation of PQCs will be handled by the sponsor.
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9
Records Management
9.1
Source Documents
Source documents are defined as the results of original observations and activities of a 
clinical investigation. Source documents will include but are not limited to progress 
notes, electronic data, screening logs, and recorded data from automated instruments. All 
source documents pertaining to this trial will be maintained by the investigators and made 
available for direct inspection by authorized persons.
Investigator(s)/institution(s) will permit trial-related monitoring, audits, IRB/IEC review, 
and regulatory inspection(s) by providing direct access to source data/documents by 
authorized persons as defined in the ICF. In all cases, subject confidentiality must be 
maintained in accordance with local regulatory requirements.
9.2
Data Collection
During each subject’s visit to the clinic, a clinician participating in the trial will record 
progress notes to document all significant observations. At a minimum, these notes will 
contain:

Documentation of the informed consent process, including any revised consents;

Documentation of the investigator’s decision to enroll the subject into the trial, the 
review of all inclusion/exclusion criteria prior to IMP administration, and 
confirmation of the subject’s actual participation in the trial;

The date of the visit and the corresponding Visit or Day in the trial schedule;

General subject status remarks, including any significant medical findings. The 
severity, frequency, duration, action taken, and outcome of any AEs and the 
investigator's assessment of relationship to IMP must also be recorded;

Any changes in concomitant medications or dosages;

A general reference to the procedures completed; 

The signature (or initials) and date of each clinician (or designee) who made an entry 
in the progress notes.
In addition, any contact with the subject via telephone or other means that provides 
significant clinical information will also be documented in the progress notes as 
described above.
Source documents and source data will be captured electronically in this trial, and will 
meet the same fundamental elements of data quality (eg, attributable, legible, 
contemporaneous, original, and accurate) as paper records. These data will be collected 
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into a system that is fully validated. Changes to the data will be captured by an automatic 
audit trail.
The trial site will be given a tablet to directly record subject data and clinical 
observations on electronic forms. Designated trial site staff will not be given access to the 
system until they have been appropriately trained. Information to be originally captured 
and reviewed electronically shall include details of the subject visit and the 
protocol-required assessments performed as a part of these visits, medical history, AEs, 
and concomitant medications. Because this trial is using an electronic source record as 
the original point of data capture, there is no additional data entry step for the trial site for 
data collected directly into the application – rather, the electronic source record directly 
populates the trial database.
Some data may be captured via paper and then entered into the eSource system. These 
and any other data treated in this manner will be source data verified by the trial clinical 
research associate, and the location of the source data (ie, eSource, paper, or a local 
electronic system) will be documented before the trial start. Any changes to information 
in paper source documents will be initialed and dated on the day the change is made by a 
trial site staff member authorized to make the change. Changes will be made by striking a 
single line through erroneous data (so as not to obliterate the original data), and clearly 
entering the correct data (eg, wrong data right data). If the reason for the change is not 
apparent, a brief explanation for the change will be written in the source documentation 
by the clinician.
Another exception will be clinical laboratory or central ECG data, where the official 
source documentation will be considered the report issued by the analyzing laboratory.
Remote monitoring of the original electronic source records will take place; however, 
on-site monitoring inspections will continue to take place in order to review data entry of 
source documentation directly captured on paper and transcribed into the system, to 
ensure protocol adherence, to assess trial site operational capabilities, and to perform 
other monitoring activities that cannot be performed remotely.
At the end of the trial, the investigator must certify that the data entered into the eSource 
application are complete and accurate. After database lock, the investigator will receive 
an electronic copy of the subject data.
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9.3
File Management at the Trial Site
The investigator will ensure that the trial site file is maintained in accordance with 
Section 8 of the ICH GCP Guideline E6 and as required by applicable local regulations. 
The investigator/institution will take measures to prevent accidental or premature 
destruction of these documents.
9.4
Records Retention at the Trial Site
Regulatory requirements for the archival of records for this trial necessitate that 
participating investigators maintain detailed clinical data for the longest of the following 
3 periods:

A period of at least 2 years after the date on which approval to market the drug is 
obtained (or if IMP development is discontinued, the date regulatory authorities were 
notified of discontinuation); OR

A period of at least 3 years after the sponsor notifies the investigator that the final 
report has been filed with regulatory authorities.

Longer, region-specific storage requirements, if applicable.
The investigator must not dispose of any records relevant to this trial without either 
(1) written permission from the sponsor or (2) provision of an opportunity for sponsor to 
collect such records. The investigator will be responsible to maintain adequate and 
accurate electronic or hard copy source documents of all observations and data generated 
during this trial including any data clarification forms received from the sponsor. Such 
documentation is subject to inspection by the sponsor and relevant regulatory authorities. 
If the investigator withdraws from the trial (eg, due to relocation or retirement), all 
trial-related records should be transferred to a mutually agreed-upon designee within a 
sponsor-specified timeframe. Notice of such transfer will be given to the sponsor in 
writing.
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10
Quality Control and Quality Assurance 
10.1
Monitoring
The sponsor has ethical, legal, and scientific obligations to follow this trial in accordance 
with established research principles, the ICH E6 GCP: Consolidated Guidance, and 
applicable regulatory requirements and local laws. As part of a concerted effort to fulfill 
these obligations (maintain current personal knowledge of the progress of the trial), the 
sponsor's monitors will visit the site during the trial, as well as communicate frequently 
via telephone, e-mail, and written communications. In addition, all investigators and 
clinical site personnel will undergo initial and ongoing training for this particular trial, 
and this training will be clearly documented.
10.2
Auditing
The sponsor's Quality Assurance Unit (or representative) may conduct trial site audits. 
Audits will include, but are not limited to, IMP supply, presence of required documents, 
the informed consent process, and comparison of eSource with source documents. The 
investigator agrees to participate with audits.
Regulatory authorities may inspect the investigator site during or after the trial. The 
investigator will cooperate with such inspections and will contact the sponsor 
immediately if such an inspection occurs.
11
Ethics and Responsibility
This trial must be conducted in compliance with the protocol, FDA regulations (for trial 
sites in the United States), ICH GCP Guideline (E6), international ethical principles 
derived from the Declaration of Helsinki and Council for International Organizations of 
Medical Science guidelines, and applicable local laws and regulations. Each trial site will 
seek approval/favorable opinion by an IRB/IEC according to regional requirements, and 
the investigator will provide that documentation to the sponsor. The IRB/IEC will 
evaluate the ethical, scientific and medical appropriateness of the trial. Further, in 
preparing and using screens in eSource, the investigator, subinvestigator and their staff 
will take measures to ensure adequate care in protecting subject privacy. To this end, a 
subject number and subject identification code will be used to identify each subject.
Financial aspects, subject insurance and the publication policy for the trial will be 
documented in the agreement between the sponsor and the investigator.
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12
Confidentiality
All information generated in this trial will be considered confidential and will not be 
disclosed to anyone not directly concerned with the trial without the sponsor’s prior 
written permission. Subject confidentiality requirements of the region(s) where the trial is 
conducted will be met. However, authorized regulatory officials and sponsor personnel 
(or their representatives) may be allowed full access to inspect and copy the records, 
consistent with local requirements. All IMPs, subject bodily fluids, and/or other materials 
collected shall be used solely in accordance with this protocol, unless otherwise agreed to 
in writing by the sponsor.
Subjects will be identified only by unique subject numbers in eSource. If further subject 
identification is required, subjects’ full names may be made known to a regulatory 
agency or other authorized officials if necessary, subject to local regulations.
13
Amendment Policy
The investigator will not make any changes to this protocol without the sponsor’s prior 
written consent and subsequent approval/favorable opinion by the IRB/IEC. Any 
permanent change to the protocol, whether an overall change or a change for specific trial 
site(s), must be handled as a protocol amendment. Any amendment will be written by the 
sponsor. Each amendment will be submitted to the IRB/IEC, as required by local 
regulations. Except for “administrative” or “nonsubstantial” amendments, investigators 
will wait for IRB/IEC approval/favorable opinion of the amended protocol before 
implementing the change(s). Administrative amendments are defined as having no effect 
on the safety of subjects, conduct or management of the trial, trial design, or the quality 
or safety of IMP(s) used in the trial. A protocol change intended to eliminate an apparent 
immediate hazard to subjects should be implemented immediately after agreement by the 
sponsor and investigator, followed by IRB/IEC notification within local applicable 
timelines. The sponsor will submit protocol amendments to the applicable regulatory 
agencies within local applicable timelines.
When the IRB/IEC, investigators, and/or the sponsor conclude that the protocol 
amendment substantially alters the trial design and/or increases the potential risk to the 
subject, the currently approved ICF will require similar modification. In such cases, after 
approval/favorable opinion of the new ICF by the IRB/IEC, repeat informed consent will 
be obtained from subjects enrolled in the trial before expecting continued participation 
and before the amendment-specified changes in the trial are implemented.
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14
Publication Authorship Requirements
Authorship for any Otsuka-sponsored publications resulting from the conduct of this trial 
will be based on International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) authorship 
criteria (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations). According to ICMJE guidelines, one 
may be considered an author only if the following criteria are met:
1) Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the 
acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND
2) Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND
3) Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4) Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions 
related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately 
investigated and resolved.
All authors must meet the above criteria, and all who qualify for authorship based on the 
above criteria should be listed as authors.
Investigators or other trial participants who do not qualify for authorship may be 
acknowledged in publications resulting from the trial. By agreeing to participate in the 
trial, investigators or other trial participants consent to such acknowledgement in any 
publications resulting from its conduct.
15
References
1
Epidemiology of the IBD. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web site. 
https://www.cdc.gov/ibd/ibd-epidemiology.htm. Updated March 31, 2015. Accessed 
September 21, 2018.
2
Loftus EV Jr. Clinical epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: Incidence, 
prevalence, and environmental influences. Gastroenterology. 2004;126(6):1504-1517.
3
Wlodarska M, Kostic AD, Xavier RJ. An integrative view of microbiome-host 
interactions in inflammatory bowel diseases. Cell Host Microbe. 2015;17(5):577-591.
4
Talley NJ, Abreu MT, Achkar JP, Bernstein CN, Dubinsky MC, Hanauer SB, et al. 
An evidence-based systematic review on medical therapies for inflammatory bowel 
disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011;106 Suppl 1:S2-S25.
5
Carter MJ, Lobo AJ, Travis SP, on behalf of the IBD section of the British Society of 
Gastroenterology. Guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in 
adults. Gut. 2004;53(Suppl 5):v1-16.
6
 Effect of OPS-2071 on a mouse inflammatory bowel disease model 
induced by the transfer of CD4+CD62L+CD44− cells. Otsuka Study No. 039524, 
Otsuka Report No. 032968, 2017.
Synopsis Clinical Study Report 341-201-00004
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7
 Effect of OPS-2071 on tumor necrosis factor alpha production using 
human whole blood. Otsuka Study No. 039587, Otsuka Report No. 032950, 2017.
8
 In vitro anti-bacterial activity of OPS-2071 and reference compounds against 
intestinal bacteria. Otsuka Study No. 039721, Otsuka Report No. 032948, 2017.
9
Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc. OPS-2071 
Investigator's Brochure, Edition 6, issued 10 May 2018.
10 FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA updates warnings for oral and injectable 
fluoroquinolone antibiotics due to disabling side effects. US Food and Drug 
Administration Web site. https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm511530.htm. 
Updated March 08, 2018. Accessed September 21, 2018.
11 FDA News Release: FDA updates warnings for fluoroquinolone antibiotics on risks 
of mental health and low blood sugar adverse reactions. US Food and Drug 
Administration Web site. 
https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm612995.htm. 
Updated July 10, 2018. Accessed September 21, 2018.
12 FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns about increased risk of ruptures or 
tears in the aorta blood vessel with fluoroquinolone antibiotics in certain patients. US 
Food and Drug Administration Web site. 
https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm628753.htm. Updated December 20, 
2018. Accessed January 21, 2019.
13 International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) [homepage on the Internet]. E6(R2): 
Good Clinical Practice: Integrated Addendum to ICH E6(R1) [finalized 2016 
November; cited 2018 Dec 3]. Available from: 
https://www.ich.org/fileadmin/Public_Web_Site/ICH_Products/Guidelines/Efficacy/
E6/E6_R2__Step_4_2016_1109.pdf.
14 Best WR, Becktel JM, Singleton JW, Kern F Jr. Development of a Crohn's disease 
activity index. National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study. Gastroenterology. 
1976;70(3):439-444.
15 Daperno M, D'Haens G, Van Assche G, Baert F, Bulois P, Maunoury V, et al. 
Development and validation of a new, simplified endoscopic activity score for 
Crohn's disease: the SES-CD. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004;60(4):505-512.
16 International Council on Harmonisation. Estimands and sensitivity analysis in clinical 
trials: E9(R1). Geneva, Switzerland: International Council on Harmonisation; 2017.
17 Yuan Y. Sensitivity analysis in multiple imputation for missing data. Proceedings of 
the SAS Global Forum Conference; 2014 Mar 23-26; Washington, DC; 2014.
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Appendix 1
Handling and Shipment of Bioanalytical Samples
Blood Samples for PK Analysis
After blood sample collection, mix the collection tube thoroughly by gently inverting the 
collection tube at least 8 to 10 times, or as recommended by the tube manufacturer. Place 
the collection tube in an ice/water bath. Within 45 minutes of collection, process the 
collection tube in a refrigerated centrifuge set at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C (± 3°C). 
After centrifugation, remove the tube from the centrifuge and place again on ice until the 
plasma is removed. The centrifugal force should be kept at a constant setting throughout 
the trial.
After centrifugation, the plasma will be transferred to 2 separate tubes. When transferring 
plasma, it is important to avoid transferring any of the buffy coat into the plasma tube. 
Transfer an approximately equal volume of separated plasma into 2 separate 
barcode-labeled tubes, ensuring the labels state Aliquot 1 and Aliquot 2 or alternate 
wording that differentiates that the samples are different aliquots. Within 90 minutes of 
collection, store plasma samples in a freezer set to maintain a temperature of −70°C 
(± 10°C). If the trial site does not have access to a −70°C freezer, samples may be stored 
on dry ice until shipment if the shipment can be arranged within 3 days of collection.
Fecal Samples for Microbiota Assessment
Handling and shipment details for the fecal samples for the microbiota assessment will be 
provided separately.
Blood Samples for FBR
The trial sites are expected to follow the instructions for collection, processing, storage, 
and shipment of blood samples as specified. 
Refrigerate the whole blood samples in an upright position at 4°C for at least 1 day but no 
longer than 4 days. Then, the samples should be stored upright at −70°C. If refrigerating 
is not possible, samples can be frozen directly from ambient but should only be done if 
necessary since it will produce lower yields.
The samples for FBR will be stored in the biorepository for potential analysis for up to 
20 years from acquisition. The specimens will be stored under strict supervision in a 
limited access facility that operates to ensure the integrity of the specimens.
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NOTE: If subjects consent to the optional blood sample collection for FBR, then the 
second aliquot of blood samples for PK analysis collected from these subjects may 
be stored and used for this research.
Sample Shipment
After collection and processing, each frozen specimen must be sealed in a vial and 
labeled with a waterproof pen, if applicable. Labels should be secured to each storage 
tube. Labels must be capable of being stored at −70°C and withstand multiple 
freeze/thaws. Labels should contain at least the following information: protocol number; 
subject number; time point of sample collection (eg, 8 hours postdose); aliquot number, 
and matrix. All tubes must be labeled such that all information on the tube can be 
verified, ie legible.
The samples for PK analysis will be shipped frozen to the bioanalytical laboratory or 
central laboratory. It is important that the Aliquot 1 sample is shipped first. Other 
samples will be shipped to the designated laboratory.
The specimens must be neatly packed and shipped with enough dry ice to completely fill 
the box. Avoid air spaces that allow evaporation of the dry ice. All frozen samples will be 
shipped Monday through Thursday, or on the following Monday for samples collected on 
Friday through Sunday, unless otherwise instructed by the sponsor. 
All shipments will be accompanied by an electronic manifest and notification of shipment 
must be made by email on the day of shipment to the applicable laboratory or 
biorepository.
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Appendix 2
Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI)
Clinical or Laboratory Variable
Weighting Factor
Sum of the number of liquid or soft stools assessed each day 
over 7 days
x 2
Sum of abdominal pain grade (graded from 0 - 3 on severity) 
assessed each day over 7 days
x 5
Sum of general well-being, subjectively assessed from 0 
(well) to 4 (terrible) each day over 7 days
x 7
Presence of complications*
x 20
Taking Lomotil or opiates for diarrhea
x 30
Presence of an abdominal mass (0 as none, 2 as questionable, 
5 as definite)
x 10
Absolute hematocrit deviation of 47 – percentage value for 
men
x 6
Absolute hematocrit deviation of 42 – percentage value for 
women
x 6
Percentage deviation from standard weight
x 1
*One point each is added for each set of complications: 

the presence of joint pains (arthralgia) or frank arthritis

inflammation of the iris or uveitis 

presence of erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, or aphthous ulcers 

anal fissures, fistulae or abscesses 

other fistulae 

fever during the previous week.
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Appendix 3
Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD)
Score
Meaning
0 - 2
Remission
3 - 6
Mild endoscopic activity
7 - 15
Moderate endoscopic activity
> 15
Severe endoscopic activity
SES-CD Values
Variable
0
1
2
3
Size of ulcers
None
Aphthous ulcers
(diameter 0.1 to 
0.5 cm)
Large ulcers 
(diameter 0.5 to 
2 cm)
Very large ulcers 
(diameter > 2 cm)
Ulcerated 
surface
None
< 10%
10% - 30%
> 30%
Affected 
surface
Unaffected 
segment
< 50%
50% - 75%
> 75%
Presence of 
narrowings
None
Single, can be 
passed
Multiple, can be 
passed
Cannot be passed
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Appendix 4
Minimum Duration of Prior Treatments for Crohn’s Disease
Prior Treatmenta
Minimum duration of prior treatment 
required to be considered as having a 
nonoptimal response
Corticosteroids (eg Budesonide and Prednisone)
8 weeks
Aminosalicylates (eg Sulfasalazine and 5-ASA 
derivatives)
8 weeks
Thiopurines (eg 6-mercaptopurine and Azathioprine)
12 weeks
Methotrexate
12 weeks
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors
8 weeks
Ustekinamab
8 weeks
Vedolizumab
8 weeks
aList is not inclusive of all prior treatment options and investigator judgement is required.
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Appendix 5
Protocol Amendment(s)/Administrative Change(s)
Amendment Number:
1
Issue Date:
12 Apr 2019
PURPOSE:
The purpose of this protocol amendment is to modify the secondary and exploratory
endpoints, as well as the schedule of assessments, and to remove the monthly telephone 
follow-up (and corresponding exploratory endpoint). In addition, exclusion criteria and 
stopping criteria were added, and inclusion criterion #3 and exclusion criteria #4, #12,
#13, #14, and #19 were modified. Finally, other minor revisions were made and are listed
below.
BACKGROUND:
Endoscopic remission is likely to be rare at 12 weeks; hence, this endpoint was placed 
amongst the general secondary endpoints. Since an endoscopic response by 12 weeks is 
possible, an endpoint was added to capture that data (by recording the change from 
baseline in SES-CD score). An endpoint was also added for a decrease from baseline of 
≥100 points in the CDAI score because this is a common endpoint in Crohn’s trial. The 
monthly telephone follow-up (and corresponding exploratory endpoint) was removed 
because this will have limited utility and may be confounded by many factors. 
Inclusion/exclusion criteria and stopping criteria were added and modified based on
requests from the FDA. The other protocol revisions were made for clarity.
MODIFICATIONS TO PROTOCOL:
General Revisions:

Moved the key secondary efficacy endpoint to the list of general secondary 
efficacy endpoints.

Moved the third secondary endpoint of endoscopic response so that it is the first 
secondary endpoint.

Added a secondary endpoint of “change from baseline in SES-CD score”.

Added a secondary endpoint of “the percentage of subjects with a decrease from 
baseline of ≥100 points in the CDAI score”.

Added “the percentage of subjects with” to the applicable secondary efficacy 
endpoints.
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ADDITIONAL RISK TO THE SUBJECT:
There is no additional risk to the subjects.
A complete redline version of this amendment showing all changes from the previous 
version will be produced and will be available upon final approval of this amendment.
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Agreement
I, the undersigned principal investigator, have read and understand the protocol (including the 
Investigator's Brochure) and agree that it contains all the ethical, legal and scientific information 
necessary to conduct this trial in accordance with the principles of Good Clinical Practices and as 
described herein and in the sponsor's (or designee's) Clinical Trial Agreement.
I will provide copies of the protocol to all physicians, nurses, and other professional personnel to 
whom I delegate trial responsibilities. I will discuss the protocol with them to ensure that they are 
sufficiently informed regarding the investigational new drug, OPS-2071, the concurrent 
medications, the efficacy and safety parameters and the conduct of the trial in general. I am 
aware that this protocol must be approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) or receive a 
favorable opinion by the Independent Ethics Committee (IEC) responsible for such matters in the 
clinical trial facility where OPS-2071 will be tested prior to commencement of this trial. I agree to 
adhere strictly to the attached protocol (unless amended in the manner set forth in the sponsor's 
Clinical Trial Agreement, at which time I agree to adhere strictly to the protocol as amended).
I understand that this IRB- or IEC- approved protocol will be submitted to the appropriate 
regulatory authority/ies by the sponsor. I agree that clinical data entered on case report forms by 
me and my staff will be utilized by the sponsor in various ways, such as for submission to 
governmental regulatory authorities and/or in combination with clinical data gathered from other 
research sites, whenever applicable. I agree to allow sponsor and designee monitors and 
auditors full access to all medical records at the research facility for subjects screened or enrolled 
in the trial.
I agree to await IRB/IEC approval before implementation of any substantial amendments to this 
protocol. If, however, there is an immediate hazard to subjects, I will implement the amendment 
immediately, and provide the information to the IRB/IEC within the required local applicable 
timelines. Administrative changes to the protocol will be transmitted to the IRB/IEC for 
informational purposes only, if required by local regulations.
I agree to provide all subjects with informed consent forms, as required by the applicable 
regulations and by ICH guidelines. I agree to report to the sponsor any adverse experiences in 
accordance with the terms of the sponsor's Clinical Trial Agreement and the relevant regional 
regulation(s) and guideline(s). I further agree to provide all required information regarding 
financial certification or disclosure to the sponsor for all investigators and subinvestigators in 
accordance with the terms of the relevant regional regulation(s). I understand that participation in 
the protocol involves a commitment to publish the data from this trial in a cooperative publication 
before publication of efficacy and safety results on an individual basis may occur, and I consent to 
be acknowledged in any such cooperative publications that result.
____________________________
_____________________________
___________
Principal Investigator Print Name
Signature
Date
Synopsis Clinical Study Report 341-201-00004
4.1.1 Protocol and Protocol Amendments
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Synopsis Clinical Study Report 341-201-00004
4.1.1 Protocol and Protocol Amendments
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103

SAP_001.pdf: 
 
Official Title: 
Efficacy and Safety of Oral OPS-2071 in Subjects With Crohn's Disease 
Showing Symptoms of Active Inflammation Despite Ongoing Treatment 
NCT Number: 
NCT03850509 
 
Document Date: 
 
SAP Version 1.0: 09 June 2020 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 
 
 
 
Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc. 
 
Investigational New Drug OPS-2071 
 
 
Protocol No. 341-201-00004 
IND No. 137377  
EudraCT No. 2019-000176-41 
 
A Phase 2, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Proof of 
Concept Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Orally Administered OPS 2071 for 12 
Weeks in Subjects With Crohn’s Disease Showing Symptoms of Active Inflammation 
Despite Ongoing Treatment 
 
 
 
Statistical Analysis Plan 
Version: 1.0 
Date: 09 Jun 2020 
Protocol Version 1 Date:  05 Feb 2019 
Protocol Amendment 1: 12 Apr 2019 
Protocol Amendment 2: 09 Dec 2019 
Protocol Amendment 3: 22 Jan 2020 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Confidential 
May not be used, divulged, published, or otherwise disclosed without the prior written 
consent of Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc. 
 


Protocol 341-201-00004 
 
 
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Table of Contents 
Table of Contents ........................................................................................... 2 
List of Appendices.......................................................................................... 4 
List of Abbreviations and Definition of Terms ........................................... 5 
1 
Introduction .......................................................................................... 6 
2 
Trial Objectives ..................................................................................... 6 
3 
Trial Design ........................................................................................... 6 
3.1 
Design of Trial.....................................................................................................6 
3.2 
Trial Treatments ..................................................................................................7 
3.3 
Trial Population ...................................................................................................7 
4 
Sample Size ............................................................................................ 8 
5 
Statistical Analysis Datasets ................................................................ 8 
5.1 
Analysis Datasets ................................................................................................8 
5.2 
Handling of Missing Data ...................................................................................9 
6 
Study Conduct ....................................................................................... 9 
6.1 
Subject Disposition..............................................................................................9 
6.2 
Prior and Concomitant Medications ..................................................................10 
6.3 
Protocol Deviations ...........................................................................................10 
7 
Demographic and Baseline Characteristics ..................................... 10 
8 
Efficacy Analysis ................................................................................. 10 
8.1 
Primary Efficacy Endpoint ................................................................................10 
8.1.1 
Primary Estimand ...........................................................................................10 
8.1.2 
Primary Efficacy Analysis ..............................................................................11 
8.1.3 
Technical Computational Details for Primary Efficacy Analysis ..................12 
8.1.4 
Sensitivity Analyses........................................................................................13 
8.1.4.1 
Placebo-based Pattern Imputation ...............................................................13 
8.1.5 
Supplemental Analysis ...................................................................................14 
8.1.6 
Subgroup Analysis ..........................................................................................14 
8.2 
Secondary Efficacy Endpoints ..........................................................................14 
8.2.1 
Secondary Efficacy Analyses .........................................................................14 
8.2.2 
Technical Computational Details for Secondary Efficacy Analyses ..............16 


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8.3 
Exploratory Endpoint ........................................................................................17 
8.3.1 
Exploratory Endpoint Analyses ......................................................................17 
8.3.2 
Technical Computational Details for Exploratory Endpoint Analyses ..........17 
8.4 
Handle of Multiplicity for Efficacy Analyses ...................................................18 
9 
Safety Analyses ................................................................................... 19 
9.1 
Extent of Exposure ............................................................................................19 
9.2 
Adverse Events ..................................................................................................19 
9.3 
Clinical Laboratory Data ...................................................................................20 
9.4 
Vital Sign Data ..................................................................................................20 
9.5 
Physical Examination Data ...............................................................................20 
9.6 
Electrocardiogram Data .....................................................................................20 
10 
Interim Analysis .................................................................................. 21 
11 
Changes in the Planned Analyses ...................................................... 21 
12 
References ............................................................................................ 22 
13 
Appendices .......................................................................................... 23 
 


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List of Appendices 
Appendix 1 
Criteria for Identifying Vital Signs and Weight of Potential 
Clinical Relevance ........................................................................ 23 
Appendix 2 
Criteria for Identifying Laboratory Values of Potential 
Clinical Relevance ........................................................................ 24 
Appendix 3 
Criteria for Identifying ECG Measurements of Potential 
Clinical Relevance ........................................................................ 25 
Appendix 4 
List of Summary Tables ................................................................ 26 


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List of Abbreviations and Definition of Terms 
Abbreviation Definition 
5-ASA 
5-aminosalicylic acid 
AE 
Adverse event 
ALT 
Alanine aminotransferase 
AST 
Aspartate aminotransferase 
AUC24h 
Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hours 
AUC∞ 
Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero extrapolated to 
infinity 
AUCt 
Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to the last 
quantifiable concentration 
BCRP 
Breast cancer resistance protein 
BID 
Twice a day 
CDAI 
Crohn’s Disease Activity Index 
Cmax 
Maximum (peak) plasma concentration of the drug 
CMV 
Cytomegalovirus 
CRO 
Clinical Research Organization 
CRP 
C-reactive protein 
DNA 
Deoxyribonucleic acid 
ECG 
Electrocardiogram 
FBR 
Future biospecimen research 
FCP 
Fecal calprotectin 
FDA 
Food and Drug Administration 
FSH 
Follicle-stimulating hormone 
GCP 
Good Clinical Practice 
HIV 
Human immunodeficiency virus 
IB 
Investigator’s brochure 
IBD 
Inflammatory bowel disease 
ICF 
Informed consent form 
ICH 
International Council on Harmonisation 
ICMJE 
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors 
IDMC 
Independent Data Monitoring Committee 
IEC 
Independent ethics committee 
IMP 
Investigational medicinal product 
IND 
Investigational new drug 
IRB 
Institutional review board 
IRE 
Immediately reportable event 
ITT 
Intent-to-treat 
LPS 
Lipopolysaccharide 
NOAEL 
No observed adverse effect level 
O&P 
Ova and parasite 
PD 
Pharmacodynamic 
 


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1 
Introduction 
This statistical analysis plan (SAP) documents the statistical methodology and data 
analysis algorithms and conventions to be applied for statistical analysis and reporting of 
efficacy and safety data of Trial 341-201-00004. All amendments to the protocol are 
taken into consideration in developing this SAP. 
2 
Trial Objectives 
The primary objective of the trial is to investigate the therapeutic effect of OPS-2071 
(150, 300, or 600 mg BID) add-on therapy administered orally for 12 weeks in subjects 
with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing 
treatment. 
The secondary objective of the trial is to determine the safety and tolerability of 
OPS-2071 (150, 300, or 600 mg BID) add-on therapy administered orally for 12 weeks in 
subjects with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing 
treatment. 
3 
Trial Design 
3.1 
Design of Trial 
This is a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, POC trial to 
assess the efficacy and safety of 3 doses of OPS-2071 (150, 300, or 600 mg BID) in 
subjects with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing 
treatment. OPS-2071 will be added to ongoing treatment for Crohn’s disease, with some 
restrictions. 
Screening will occur up to 28 days prior to randomization. At the start of the screening 
period, a fecal sample will be collected for stool microbiology testing (eg, for culture, C 
difficile, ova and parasites [O&P]) and to exclude any type of infectious colitis, and to 
assess the fecal microbiota. During the screening period, subjects will be dispensed an 
electronic diary to complete to collect data for the baseline CDAI assessment. After 
completion of the diary for 7 days, subjects will undergo bowel preparation for 3 days 
(consisting of 2 days of dietary modifications and 1 day of cleansing bowel preparation) 
and then an ileocolonoscopy with biopsy will occur (within 7 to 10 days prior to Day 1). 
The ileocolonoscopy will be centrally read to assess inflammation in order to confirm 
trial eligibility. Optional cytomegalovirus (CMV) testing can be done on the biopsy 
specimen, if clinically indicated. 


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Eligible subjects will be randomized on Day 1 in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to 1 of 4 treatments: 
placebo BID, OPS-2071 150 mg BID, OPS-2071 300 mg BID, or OPS-2071 600 mg 
BID. The randomization will be stratified by CDAI score (CDAI 180 - 300 and CDAI > 
300   450) and concomitant Crohn’s disease medication status (subjects who are treated 
with anti TNF-α monoclonal antibody, subjects who are treated with low-dose steroids, 
and subjects who are treated with other Crohn’s disease medications).  The IMP will be 
administered twice a day, 8 to 12 hours apart, starting on Day 1 for a total of 12 weeks. 
Blood samples for PK analysis will be collected throughout the 12 week treatment period 
according to the schedule of assessments (Table 3.7-1). Efficacy will be assessed using 
the CDAI, Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD), and the two-item 
patient reported outcome (PRO-2). Definitions of remission and nonremission subjects 
(ie, treatment failures) can be found in Section 7.4.1. A 30 day (post treatment) follow-up 
assessment will be performed for all subjects; the CDAI score will be calculated, 
inflammatory biomarkers and microbiota flora will be checked, and safety measures will 
be performed. Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or 
take a new therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial are considered as treatment 
failures (nonresponders). These subjects are encouraged to stay in the trial for continuous 
data collections. 
A blood sample for future biospecimen research (FBR) will be taken from subjects who 
consent to the collection of this sample. 
3.2 
Trial Treatments 
Eligible subjects will be randomized on Day 1 to 1 of 4 treatments: placebo BID, 
OPS-2071 150 mg BID, OPS-2071 300 mg BID, or OPS-2071 600 mg BID. The IMP 
will be supplied as 150-mg and 300-mg OPS-2071 tablets, and matching placebo tablets. 
The IMP will be administered as oral tablets, BID (8 to 12 hours apart), starting on Day 1 
for a total of 12 weeks. The timing of the first dose of IMP will be at the subject’s or trial 
site’s discretion. Each subject will take 6 tablets daily (to maintain blinding); 3 tablets for 
the morning dose and 3 tablets 8 to 12 hours later. The IMP will be administered with up 
to 240 mL (8 fluid ounces) of still water, at least 1 hour before or after a meal. Water 
intake will be restricted for 1 hour before and after dosing, except as part of the dosing 
procedure. 
3.3 
Trial Population 
Approximately 240 male and female subjects between the ages of 18 and 70 (inclusive), 
with Crohn’s disease and showing symptoms of active inflammation despite ongoing 


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treatment, will be randomized. Active mucosal inflammation will be confirmed by 
centrally read ileocolonoscopy. Discontinued or withdrawn subjects will not be replaced. 
4 
Sample Size  
For the primary endpoint of clinical remission (CDAI score < 150), assuming a 
40% response rate in the OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 300 mg BID dose groups and a 
20% response rate in the placebo group, 60 randomized subjects per treatment group 
would provide 80% power to detect a treatment difference between the OPS-2071 pooled 
dose groups (600 mg BID and 300 mg BID) and the placebo group in the primary 
endpoint, using a 2-sided alpha of 0.05. The total sample size of the trial is 
240 randomized subjects with 1:1:1:1 randomization to OPS-2071 600 mg BID, 300 mg 
BID, or 150 mg BID, or placebo BID. The power of individual dose comparison with 
placebo under the same assumption is 67%. 
For the secondary endpoint of endoscopic response, assuming a 26.5% response rate in 
the OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 300 mg BID dose groups and a 10% response rate in the 
placebo group, 60 subjects per treatment group would provide 80% power for the 
comparison between the OPS-2071 pooled dose groups (600 mg BID and 300 mg BID) 
and the placebo group, and 65% power for the individual dose comparison with placebo, 
using a 2-sided alpha of 0.05. 
5 
Statistical Analysis Datasets 
5.1 
Analysis Datasets 
The following samples are defined for this trial: 
• Randomized: consists of all subjects who are randomized into this trial. 
• Safety Analysis Set (SAS): consists of all subjects who are administered at least one 
dose of IMP. 
• Full Analysis Set (FSA): consists of all subjects who are in the Randomized Sample, 
take at least one dose of IMP, and have a baseline and at least one postbaseline 
evaluation of the CDAI score. 
 
In general, baseline of an efficacy endpoint is defined as the last observation of the 
endpoint before the subject takes the first dose of IMP. 
The core dataset for all efficacy analyses is based on the intent-to-treat (ITT) population, 
which will consist of all randomized subjects who take at least one dose of IMP. The Full 
Analysis Set, which is identical to the Efficacy Sample, will also be used in the efficacy 
analyses. As described below, in order to handle missing data and restrictions imposed by 


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different types of analyses (eg, change from baseline analysis), other datasets derived 
from the ITT population will be used for the efficacy analyses. 
5.2 
Handling of Missing Data 
The estimand defining the treatment effect of interest in the protocol uses a mixture of 
composite strategy and treatment policy strategy specified in the ICH E9 addendum. 
Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new 
therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial are considered as treatment failures (non-
responders) in the ITT analysis of the primary and secondary endpoints, while these 
subjects are encouraged to stay in the trial for continuous data collection.  These data 
collected after subjects change their baseline Crohn’s disease medication will only be 
provided in data listings, but not used in the primary and secondary efficacy analyses.In 
addition, subjects who withdraw from the trial early are considered as treatment failures 
(non-responders) in the ITT analysis of all of the primary and secondary endpoints. 
Subjects who discontinue IMP during the trial with no baseline Crohn’s disease 
medication dosage increases and/or new therapy for Crohn’s disease through Week 12 
are encouraged to stay in the trial and take primary and secondary endpoint evaluations at 
Week 12 for efficacy analyses. Hence, missing data at Week 12 due to subjects’ change 
of baseline Crohn’s disease medication and early withdrawal is handled by an ITT 
analysis with all these subjects treated as treatment failures(nonresponders). 
For CDAI-related endpoints, if a subject has a Week 12 evaluation but a component of 
the score is missing, the value of the component in the most recent previous visit will be 
used for the calculation of the score and the endpoint if no more than 2 components of the 
CDAI score are missing. For a CDAI assessment, if more than 2 components of the score 
are missing, the CDAI score will be set to missing. This approach is conservative since 
subjects randomized to OPS-2071 treatment groups are expected to have their Crohn’s 
disease symptoms improved over time. No component is allowed to be missing in a 
PRO-related endpoint. The abdominal pain and stool frequency scores of PRO-2 are 
averaged over a 7-day period from the subject’s diary. 
6 
Study Conduct 
6.1 
Subject Disposition 
The number of subjects who have been randomized, the number of subjects who are 
treated, and the number of subjects who discontinue from the trial, together with the 
reasons for discontinuation taken from the eCRF status page will be provided. 


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6.2 
Prior and Concomitant Medications 
The proportion of subjects taking concomitant medications will be tabulated for all 
randomized sample for prior to, during and after the trial medication. 
6.3 
Protocol Deviations 
Protocol deviations data will be summarized by type of deviations (eg, deviations in entry 
criteria, dosing, concomitant medication, procedural, etc) by trial center.  In addition, a 
subject listing will be provided describing the deviations for each subject. 
7 
Demographic and Baseline Characteristics 
Demographics, disease severity, baseline characteristics, and medical history at (predose) 
baseline will be summarized by descriptive statistics; eg, proportion, mean, median, 
standard deviation, and minimum and maximum values. These summary statistics will be 
reviewed to identify any potential lack of balance between the treatment groups. 
8 
Efficacy Analysis 
8.1 
Primary Efficacy Endpoint 
The primary efficacy endpoint is percentage of subjects who, at Week 12, achieve 
clinical remission (defined as a CDAI score < 150). 
8.1.1 
Primary Estimand 
The primary objective is to investigate the therapeutic effect of OPS-2071 add-on therapy 
administered orally for 12 weeks in subjects with Crohn’s disease showing symptoms of 
active inflammation despite ongoing treatment. The primary estimand defining the 
treatment effect of interest in the protocol uses a mixture of composite strategy and 
treatment policy strategy specified in the ICH E9 addendum. 2  Two types of intercurrent 
events are accounted for by these two strategies: 
• Increasing dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or taking a new 
therapy for Crohn’s disease: The occurrence of this intercurrent event may 
provide meaningful information on the treatment effect of interest such as lack of 
efficacy,  and will be taken to be a component of the variable for the primary 
estimand. Following the composite strategy, the primary estimand assess the 
treatment effect based on a composite variable which combines percentage of 
subjects achieve clinical remission at week 12 and the intercurrent event of the 
changes of the medications for Crohn’s disease. The subjects with this type of 
intercurrent event will be considered as treatment failures. 


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• Early withdrawal from the trial: Interest lies in the treatment effect regardless of 
this intercurrent event. Following treatment-policy strategy, occurrence of the 
early withdraw intercurrent event is ignored, and the primary estimand is then the 
difference between treatment groups in percentage of subjects who achieve 
clinical remission at week 12, regardless of whether or not early withdraw had 
occurred.  
The primary estimand for this trial is defined by the following components: 
• Population: subjects with Crohn’s disease and showing symptoms of active 
inflammation despite ongoing treatment who have met the protocol-defined 
inclusion/exclusion Criteria  
• Endpoint: the percentage of subjects who, at Week 12, achieve clinical remission 
(defined as a CDAI score < 150) 
• Intercurrent Events: increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or 
take a new therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial, and early withdraw from 
the trial  
• Population-level summary: difference in clinical remission proportions between 
OPS2071 and placebo 
  Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new 
therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial and subjects who withdraw from the trial 
early are considered as treatment failures in the ITT analysis of all of the primary and 
secondary response/remission  endpoints. Subjects who discontinue IMP during the trial 
with no baseline Crohn’s disease medication dosage increases and/or new therapy for 
Crohn’s disease through Week 12 are encouraged to stay in the trial and take primary and 
secondary endpoint evaluations at Week 12 for efficacy analyses. Hence, missing data at 
Week 12 due to subjects’ early withdrawal is handled by an ITT analysis with all subjects 
who early withdraw from the trial treated as treatment failures. 
8.1.2 
Primary Efficacy Analysis 
Logistic regression with terms of treatment group, the randomization stratification 
factors, location of disease, country, age, sex, disease duration, smoking habit, and 
baseline CDAI, and baseline CDAI with CDAI stratification factor interaction will be 
applied to the primary endpoint. The FAS will be used in the efficacy analysis.  
The primary analysis of this trial is comparison of the pooled OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 
300 mg BID treatment groups with placebo in the primary endpoint of clinical remission. 


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If this analysis is significant at a 2-sided alpha level of 0.05, comparisons to OPS-2071 
600 mg BID versus placebo and OPS-2071 300 mg BID versus placebo in the primary 
endpoint will be conducted with a 2-sided alpha level of 0.05 in each comparison. If the 
comparison of the pooled OPS-2071 dose groups versus placebo in the primary endpoint 
is significant at a 2-sided alpha level of 0.05, and a comparison, say, OPS-2071 600 mg 
BID versus placebo, is also significant at a 2-sided alpha level of 0.05, the null hypothesis 
of equal response of OPS-2071 600 mg BID and placebo in the primary endpoint will be 
considered rejected with an experiment-wise Type I error of 0.05. 
The comparison between OPS-2071 150 mg BID versus placebo in the primary endpoint 
is considered as a secondary analysis and the details are provided in section 8.4. 
8.1.3 
 
Technical Computational Details for Primary Efficacy Analysis 
1) CDAI score is the sum of 8 components score multiplying by each component’s 
weight factor. The components of CDAI include:  number of liquid or soft stools, 
abdominal pain, general well-being, presence of complications, taking Lomotil or 
opiates for diarrhea, presence of an abdominal mass, hematocrit, percentage 
deviation from standard weight. The formula for CDAI score calculation is:  sum 
of number of liquid or soft stools over a week x 2 + sum of abdominal pain over a 
week x 5+ sum of general well-being over a week x 7 + presence of complications 
x 20 + taking Lomotil or opiates for diarrhea x 30 + presence of an abdominal 
mass x 10 +6 point per percent deviation of hematocrit from 47% in male and 
42% in female+ percentage below standard weight x 1. One point each is added 
for each set of complications which include the presence of joint pains (arthralgia) 
or frank arthritis; inflammation of the iris or uveitis; presence of erythema 
nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, or aphthous ulcers; anal fissures, fistulae or 
abscesses; other fistulae;  fever during the previous week. 
2) Remission and none remission subjects (ie, treatment failures) are defined as 
follows: 
• Subjects who complete the trial and meet the primary endpoint definition 
at Week 12 without increasing dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease 
medications or taking a new medication for Crohn’s disease during the 
double blind treatment period will be considered as remission subjects for 
the endpoint. 
• Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or 
take a new medication for Crohn’s disease during the double blind 
treatment period, or subjects who withdraw from the trial during the 


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double blind period, in addition to the subjects who fail to meet the 
primary endpoint at Week 12, will be considered as nonremission subjects 
for the endpoint.  
3) If a subject has a Week 12 evaluation but a component of the score is missing, the 
value of the component in the most recent previous visit will be used for the 
calculation of the score and the endpoint if no more than 2 components of the 
CDAI score are missing. CDAI score will be set to be missing if more than 2 
components’ scores are missing. 
4) The 3 components of CDAI including liquid or soft stools, abdominal pain and 
general well-being are collected from the subjects’ eDiary. The sum of the scores 
of the last 7 day’s data will be used for each component. If a subject has 1 or 2 
days’ missing data, the 7 day’s score will be calculated by the average of 6 or 5 
days’ data multiplying 7. If more than 2 days’ data are missing, the components’ 
score will set to be missing. 
5) Clinical remission is defined as CDAI score < 150 for remission subjects as 
described in session 8.1.1. 
 
8.1.4 
Sensitivity Analyses 
8.1.4.1 
Placebo-based Pattern Imputation  
A sensitivity analysis of the primary endpoint of clinical remission of missing data will 
be provided for subjects who withdraw from the trial before the Week 12 visit , or 
subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a new 
medication for Crohn’s disease during the double-blind treatment period. The missing 
data under this scenario is considered as Missing Not at Random (MNAR) and will be 
imputed. A pattern-mixture model approach will be utilized to model the distribution of 
the observed responses and the distribution of the missing responses using a placebo-
based multiple imputation(MI). Imputation of missing CDAI scores will be produced 
using a regression approach1 and the imputed CDAI remission status will be determined 
by checking if the imputed CDAI score is less than 150. 
Specifically, the placebo-based pattern imputation procedure follows these steps:  
1) Using Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) methodology from PROC MI by 
treatment group to impute the intermittent missing data to a monotone missing 
pattern; 


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2) Using pattern-mixture model approach to impute the monotone missing data. By 
applying MNAR statement of PROC MI in SAS, missing values under MNAR 
will be imputed. Only the observations in the placebo control group will be used 
to impute the missing values by using the MODEL option in the MNAR 
statement. The imputed values for the 3 treatment groups of OPS-2071will be 
adjusted using the shift parameter. When the shift parameter is 0, the MI 
procedure would produce an analysis which is essentially something called “back 
to placebo”; 
3) For subjects with imputed CDAI scores, CDAI remission status will be 
determined by checking if CDAI score < 150; 
4) Using logistic regression model in the primary analysis to analyze the completed 
data along with the imputed data; 
5) Obtaining the overall results using PROC MIANALYZE. 
8.1.5 
Supplemental Analysis 
As another sensitivity analysis, the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) test stratified by 
the randomization stratification factors will be applied to the primary endpoint, and 
treatment comparisons between individual OPS-2071 dose groups vs. placebo will be 
conducted.   
8.1.6 
Subgroup Analysis 
Subgroup analysis of the percentage of subjects who achieve clinical remission at week 
12 will be conducted by gender, race (Caucasian and Non-Caucasian), age (18 to < 40, 40 
to < 50, and at least 50), and region (US and non-US) using logistic regression with terms 
of treatment group, the randomization stratification factors, location of disease, disease 
duration, smoking habit, and baseline CDAI, and baseline CDAI with CDAI stratification 
factor interaction.   
8.2 
Secondary Efficacy Endpoints 
8.2.1 
Secondary Efficacy Analyses 
If all both null hypotheses of OPS-2071 600 mg BID, 300 mg BIDversus placebo in the 
primary endpoint of clinical remission are rejected with an experiment-wise Type I error 
of 0.05 by the test procedure provided in session 8.1.1, a formal test of the secondary 
efficacy endpoint of endoscopic response (defined as a reduction of the SES-CD by at 
least 50%) for comparisons of OPS-2071 600 mg BID versus placebo and 300 mg BID 
versus placebo will be conducted, using a similar procedure used for the primary 


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endpoint of clinical remission except replacing baseline CDAI with baseline SES-CD 
score. 
The other secondary efficacy endpoints of this trial are listed below by the order of the 
gatekeeping test procedure: 
2) Change from baseline in the SES-CD score. 
3) The percentage of subjects with PRO-2 remission (defined as stool frequency 
≤ 3 times per day and abdominal pain ≤ 1) at Week 12. 
4) The percentage of subjects with clinical response, defined as at least a 25% 
decrease in the CDAI score, at Week 12. 
5) The percentage of subjects who, at Week 12, achieve endoscopic remission 
(defined as a SES-CD score of 0 to 2; or a score of 0 to 4, with no individual 
subscore greater than 1). 
6) The percentage of subjects with a decrease from baseline of ≥ 100 points in the 
CDAI score. 
 
Analysis of secondary endpoint #2 will be conducted using a procedure similar to the 
analyses of the secondary endpoint of endoscopic response, except the logistic regression 
will be replaced by an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The model used in the 
analysis of the primary endpoint will be applied to secondary endpoints #3, #4, and #6, 
while the model used in the analysis of the secondary endpoint of endoscopic response 
will be applied to the analysis of secondary endpoint #5.  The multiplicity handling along 
with the gatekeeping to protect the experiment wise Type I error in the primary and 
secondary analyses are detailed in section 8.4. 
A sensitivity analysis of secondary endpoint #3 (PRO-2 remission) of missing data will 
also be provided similar to the sensitivity analysis of the primary endpoint of CDAI 
clinical remission. Specifically, missing data for PRO-2 remission will be imputed for the 
subjects who withdraw from the trial before the Week 12 visit without increasing dosages 
of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or taking a new medication for Crohn’s disease 
during the double-blind treatment period. The missing data under this scenario is 
considered as MNAR and will be imputed by applying a regression approach1 to the 
abdominal pain and stool frequency scores, averaged over a 7-day period. In detail, the 
placebo-based pattern imputation procedure follows these steps:  
1) Using Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) methodology from PROC MI by 
treatment group to impute the intermittent missing data to a monotone missing 
pattern; 
2) Using pattern-mixture model approach to impute the monotone missing data. By 
applying MNAR statement of PROC MI in SAS, missing values under MNAR 
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to impute the missing values by using the MODEL option in the MNAR 
statement. The imputed values for the 3 treatment groups of OPS-2071will be 
adjusted using the shift parameter; When the shift parameter is 0, the MI 
procedure would produce an analysis which is essentially something called “back 
to placebo”; 
3) The PRO-2 remission status for the subjects with the imputed data will be 
determined by checking if the imputed stool frequency score is ≤ 3 and the 
imputed abdominal pain score is ≤ 1; 
4) Using logistic regression model in the primary analysis to analyze the completed 
data along with the imputed data; 
5) Obtaining the overall results using PROC MIANALYZE. 
 
8.2.2 
Technical Computational Details for Secondary Efficacy 
Analyses 
1) Subjects who increase dosages of baseline Crohn’s disease medications or take a 
new therapy for Crohn’s disease during the trial should be discontinued from the 
trial, and subjects who withdraw from the trial early are considered as treatment 
failures in the ITT analysis of the secondary endpoints. These subjects will be 
considered as non-remission and non-responders for the remission and response 
endpoints including endoscopic response, PRO-2 remission, clinical response, 
endoscopic remission. 
2) For the PRO-2 score used to derive PRO-2 remission, the abdominal pain score is 
reported as the daily worst abdominal pain (0 to 3) score and the stool frequency 
score is recorded as the number of loose or watery bowel movements (Bristol 
stool form scale 6 or 7) per day. The average score of the last 7 day’s data will be 
used for each component. If a subject has 1 or 2 days’ missing data, the 7 day’s 
score will be calculated by the average of 6 or 5 days’ data multiplying 7. If more 
than 2 days’ data are missing, the components’ score will set to be missing. 
3) No component is allowed to be missing in a PRO related endpoint. PRO-2 
remission will be set to missing if either the abdominal pain score or the stool 
frequency score is missing. 


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8.3 
Exploratory Endpoint  
8.3.1 
Exploratory Endpoint Analyses 
The CDAI score and PRO-2 score will be evaluated at baseline and at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 
10, and 12 in this trial, so that the by-visit analysis of CDAI remission and PRO-2 
remission (exploratory endpoints #1 and #2) at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, in addition to 
Week 12, will be provided and analyzed using a similar method with Week 12 replaced 
by Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10. Since the by-visit analysis of an endpoint is considered as 
supplemental to the analysis of the endpoint at Week 12, no adjustment in alpha is 
necessary. 
Additional exploratory endpoints are as follows: 
3) The percentage of subjects with a biological response in subjects with elevated 
levels of CRP, defined as a reduction in the level of CRP to within the normal 
range or by at least 15%, at Week 6, Week 12, and at the 30-day follow-up. 
4) The percentage of subjects with a biological response in subjects with elevated 
levels of FCP, defined as a reduction in the level of FCP to within the normal 
range or by at least 15%, at Week 6, Week 12, and at the 30-day follow-up. 
5) Characterization of the fecal microbiota profile and abundance based on 
taxonomic and functional annotation from next-generation sequencing, change 
from baseline, and association with phenotype, at Week 2, Week 12, and at the 
30-day follow-up. 
CMH test stratified by the randomization stratification factors will be applied to the 
exploratory endpoint #3 and #4. The mean change from baseline will be provided by visit 
for the additional exploratory endpoints#5. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with 
baseline value as covariate and treatment as main effects will be applied to this endpoint. 
8.3.2 
Technical Computational Details for Exploratory Endpoint 
Analyses 
To do the by visit analysis of exploratory endpoints #1 and #2, CDAI remission and 
PRO-2 remission will be determined at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, in addition to Week 12, 
using the same definition in session 8.1.1and session 8.2.1. At each visit, subjects’ status 
of dosage increase of baseline Crohn’s disease medications, taking a new medication for 
Crohn’s disease during the double blind treatment period and withdraw from the trial 
during the double blind period will be checked. If any of these scenarios is observed, the 
subject will be considered as treatment failure – non remission.  


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8.4 
Handle of Multiplicity for Efficacy Analyses 
To control the family-wise error rate (FWE) of multiple comparisons at alpha level of 
0.05, the average effect method as a global test 2 and the hierarchical testing procedure as 
a gatekeeping strategy will be applied to the primary and secondary endpoints.  
In order to handle multiplicity issue in the analysis of the primary efficacy endpoint, the 
average treatment difference of the pooled OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 300 mg BID 
treatment groups with placebo will be tested first at 2-sided alpha level of 0.05.  If this 
global test is significant, then comparisons for each dose group of OPS 2071 600 mg BID 
and 300 mg BID versus placebo will be performed at 2-sided alpha level of 0.05.  The 
comparison of a dose group is significant at 0.05 FWE significant level if both the global 
test and the test of the dose group’s comparison with placebo are significant at alpha level 
of 0.05. If both null hypotheses of OPS-2071 600 mg BID, and 300 mg BID in the 
primary endpoint are rejected with an experiment wise Type I error of 0.05, a formal test 
of the secondary efficacy endpoint of endoscopic response for comparisons of OPS-2071 
600 mg BID versus placebo and 300 mg BID versus placebo will be conducted, using a 
similar procedure used for the primary endpoint. If both null hypotheses of OPS-2071 
600 mg BID versus placebo and 300 mg BID versus placebo in this secondary efficacy 
endpoint are rejected with an experiment wise Type I error of 0.05, the formal 
comparison of OPS-2071 150 mg BID versus placebo in the primary efficacy endpoint 
will be conducted, using the same model provided in section 8.1.2 for the primary 
analysis.  If the null hypothesis of the primary efficacy endpoint of OPS-2071 150 mg 
BID is rejected with experiment wise Type I error of 0.05, the formal comparison of 
OPS-2071 150 mg BID versus placebo in the secondary efficacy endpoint of endoscopic 
response will be conducted, using the same model provided in the section 8.2.1 for the 
analysis of this secondary efficacy endpoint.  Formal analyses of other secondary efficacy 
endpoints will start if the null hypothesis of OPS-2071 150 mg BID in the secondary 
efficacy endpoint of endoscopic response is rejected with experiment wise Type I error of 
0.05. 
The other secondary efficacy endpoints of this trial will be tested by the order of the 
gatekeeping test procedure.  Formal test of the secondary efficacy endpoint #2 will start 
with a comparison of pooled OPS-2071 600 mg BID and 300 mg BID versus placebo.  If 
it is significant, comparisons of 600 mg BID versus placebo and 300 mg BID versus 
placebo will be performed.  If both these two comparisons are significant, formal 
comparison of OPS-2071 150 mg BID versus placebo will be conducted for the 
secondary efficacy endpoint #2.  If this comparison is again significant, analysis of the 
secondary efficacy endpoint #3 will start using the same procedure, up to the secondary 


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efficacy endpoint #6.:  Overall, this analytical procedure along with the gatekeeping 
protects the experiment wise Type I error in the primary and secondary analyses. 
 
9 
Safety Analyses 
9.1 
Extent of Exposure 
  Extent of exposure to the trial medication for safety sample will be summarized using 
descriptive statistics (n, percentage). 
9.2 
Adverse Events  
All AEs will be coded by system organ class and the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory 
Activities preferred term. The incidence of the following events will be summarized by 
treatment group: 
• TEAEs 
• TEAEs by severity 
• TEAEs potentially causally related to the IMP 
• TEAEs with an outcome of death 
• Serious TEAEs 
• TEAEs leading to discontinuation of the IMP  
 
The TEAEs from the start of IMP to the first day of bowel preparation for 
ileocolonoscopy will be included in the TEAE summaries for all subjects who have 
bowel preparation for ileocolonoscopy at Week 12. The TEAEs that occur during the 
ileocolonoscopy preparation and procedure will be summarized separately. 


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9.3 
Clinical Laboratory Data 
Summary statistics for changes from baseline in the central clinical laboratory 
measurements will be provided for the safety sample. Potentially clinically significant 
results in laboratory tests identified using prospectively defined criteria, including criteria 
for liver enzyme elevations, will also be summarized for the safety sample. By-subject 
listings will be provided for data of local laboratory tests. 
In addition, According to FDA Guidance,3, laboratory measurements that signal the 
potential for Hy’s Law will be reported. An incidence table and a listing will be provided 
for subjects who meet one or combinations of the following criteria, without initial 
findings of cholestasis (alkaline phosphatase activity > 2 times the ULN): 
• ALT or AST ≥ 3 times the ULN  
• Bilirubin ≥ 2 times the ULN 
9.4 
Vital Sign Data 
Summary statistics for changes from baseline in vital signs and potentially clinically 
significant results in vital signs will be summarized for the safety sample. 
9.5 
Physical Examination Data 
By-subject listings will be provided for physical examinations. 
9.6 
Electrocardiogram Data 
The mean change from baseline and the incidence of clinically significant changes will 
be calculated for ECG parameters. 
For the analysis of QT and the corrected QT interval (QTc), data from 3 consecutive 
complexes (representing 3 consecutive heart beats) will be measured to determine 
average values. The following QT corrections will be used for reporting purposes in the 
clinical study report: 
1) QTcF is the length of the QT interval corrected for heart rate by the Fridericia 
formula: QTcF=QT/(RR)0.33 
QTcN is the length of the QT interval corrected for heart rate by the FDA 
Neuropharm Division formula: QTcN=QT/(RR)0.37 
 
A regression analysis will be used to derive the slope and its 90% confidence interval of 
the change in QTc, adjusted from the placebo effect (∆∆QTc), against the drug 
concentration by robust blood sampling visit. 


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10 
Interim Analysis 
 No interim analysis is planned for this trial. 
11 Changes in the Planned Analyses 
The planned analyses will not be performed due to the early termination of the trial with 
only three randomized subjects. 


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12 
References 
1 Yuan Y. Sensitivity analysis in multiple imputation for missing data. Proceedings 
of the SAS Global Forum Conference; 2014 Mar 23-26; Washington, DC; 2014. 
2 Guidance for Industry, Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Premarketing Clinical 
Evaluation. US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug 
Administration, and Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), July 
2009. 
3 Kong L, Koch G, Liu T and Wang H. Performance of some multiple testing 
procedures to compare three doses of a test drug and placebo. Pharmaceutical 
Statistics 2005; 4: 25-35. 
 


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13 
Appendices 
Appendix 1 
Criteria for Identifying Vital Signs and Weight of Potential 
Clinical Relevance 
 
Variable 
Criterion Valuea 
Change Relative to Baselinea 
Heart Rateb 
> 120 bpm 
< 50 bpm 
≥ 15 bpm increase 
≥ 15 bpm decrease 
Systolic Blood Pressureb 
> 180 mmHg 
< 90 mmHg 
≥ 20 mmHg increase 
≥ 20 mmHg decrease 
Diastolic Blood Pressureb 
> 105 mmHg 
< 50 mmHg 
≥ 15 mmHg increase 
≥ 15 mmHg decrease 
Orthostatic Hypotension 
≥ 20 mmHg decrease in systolic blood 
pressure and a ≥ 25 bpm increase in 
heart rate from supine to 
sitting/standing 
Not Applicable 
 
Weight 
- 
≥ 7% increase 
≥ 7% decrease 
aIn order to be identified as potentially clinically relevant, an on-treatment value must meet the “Criterion 
Value” and also represent a change from the subject’s baseline value of at least the magnitude shown in the 
“Change Relative to Baseline” column. 
bAs defined in “Supplementary Suggestions for Preparing an Integrated Summary of Safety Information in 
an Original NDA Submission and for Organizing Information in Periodic Safety Updates,” FDA Division 
of Neuropharmacological Drug Products draft (2/27/87). 


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Appendix 2 
Criteria for Identifying Laboratory Values of Potential 
Clinical Relevance 
Laboratory Tests 
Criteria 
Chemistrya 
 
 
AST (SGOT) 
≥ 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN) 
 
ALT (SGPT) 
≥ 3 x ULN 
 
Alkaline phosphatase 
≥ 3 x ULN 
 
LDH 
≥ 3 x ULN 
 
BUN 
≥ 30 mg/dL 
 
Creatinine 
≥ 2.0 mg/dL 
 
Uric Acid 
 
 
 
Men 
≥ 10.5 mg/dL 
 
 
Women 
≥ 8.5 mg/dL 
 
Bilirubin (total) 
≥ 2.0 mg/dL 
 
CPK 
≥ 3 x ULN 
 
Prolactin 
> ULN 
Hematologya 
 
 
Hematocrit 
 
 
 
Men 
≤ 37 % and decrease of ≥ 3 percentage points from Baseline 
 
 
Women 
≤ 32 % and decrease of ≥ 3 percentage points from Baseline 
 
Hemoglobin 
 
 
 
Men 
≤ 11.5 g/dL 
 
 
Women 
≤ 9.5 g/dL 
 
White blood count 
≤ 2,800/ mm3 or ≥ 16,000/ mm3 
 
Eosinophils 
≥ 10% 
 
Neutrophils 
≤ 15% 
 
Absolute neutrophil count 
≤ 1,000/ mm3 
 
Platelet count 
≤ 75,000/ mm3 or ≥ 700,000/ mm3 
Urinalysisa 
 
 
Protein 
Increase of ≥ 2 units 
 
Glucose 
Increase of ≥ 2 units 
 
Casts 
Increase of ≥ 2 units 
Additional Criteria 
 
 
Chloride 
≤ 90 mEq/L or ≥ 118 mEq/L 
 
Potassium 
≤ 2.5 mEq/L or ≥ 6.5 mEq/L 
 
Sodium 
≤ 126 mEq/L or ≥ 156 mEq/L 
 
Calcium 
≤ 8.2 mg/dL or ≥ 12 mg/dL 
 
Glucose 
 
 
 
Fasting 
≥ 115 mg/dL  
 
 
Non-Fasting 
≥ 200 mg/dL 
 
Total Cholesterol, Fasting 
≥ 240 mg/dL  
 
LDL Cholesterol, Fasting 
≥ 160 mg/dL  
 
HDL Cholesterol, Fasting 
≤ 30 mg/dL  
 
Triglycerides, Fasting 
 
 
 
Men 
≥ 160 mg/dL 
 
 
Women 
≥ 120 mg/dL 
aAs defined in “Supplementary Suggestions for Preparing an Integrated Summary of Safety Information 
in an Original NDA Submission and for Organizing Information in Periodic Safety Updates,” FDA 
Division of Neuropharmacological Drug Products draft (2/27/87). 


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Appendix 3 
Criteria for Identifying ECG Measurements of Potential 
Clinical Relevance 
Variable 
Criterion Valuea 
Change Relative to Baselinea 
Rate 
 
 
 
Tachycardia 
≥ 120 bpm 
increase of  ≥ 15 bpm 
 
Bradycardia 
≤ 50 bpm 
decrease of ≥ 15 bpm 
Rhythm 
 
 
 
Sinus tachycardiab 
≥ 120 bpm 
increase of ≥ 15 bpm 
 
Sinus bradycardiac 
≤ 50 bpm 
decrease of ≥ 15 bpm 
 
Supraventricular premature beat 
all 
not present  present 
 
Ventricular premature beat 
all 
not present  present 
 
Supraventricular tachycardia 
all 
not present  present 
 
Ventricular tachycardia 
all 
not present  present 
 
Atrial fibrillation 
all 
not present  present 
 
Atrial flutter 
all 
not present  present 
Conduction 
 
 
 
1° atrioventricular block 
PR ≥ 0.20 second 
increase of  ≥ 0.05 second 
 
2° atrioventricular block 
all 
not present  present 
 
3° atrioventricular block 
all 
not present  present 
 
Left bundle-branch block 
all 
not present  present 
 
Right bundle-branch block 
all 
not present  present 
 
Pre-excitation syndrome 
all 
not present  present 
 
Other intraventricular conduction 
 
blockd 
QRS ≥ 0.12 second 
increase of ≥ 0.02 second 
Infarction 
 
 
 
Acute or subacute 
all 
not present  present 
 
Old 
 
all 
 
not present  present 
≥ 12 weeks post trial entry 
ST/T Morphological 
 
 
 
Myocardial Ischemia 
all 
not present  present 
 
Symmetrical T-wave inversion 
all 
not present  present 
 
Increase in QTc 
QTc > 450 msec 
(males and females) 
 
aIn order to be identified as potentially clinically relevant, an on-treatment value must meet the 
“Criterion Value” and also represent a change from the subject’s baseline value of at least the 
magnitude shown in the “Change Relative to Baseline” column. 
bNo current diagnosis of supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial 
flutter, or other rhythm abnormality. 
cNo current diagnosis of atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or other rhythm abnormality. 
dNo current diagnosis of left bundle branch block or right bundle branch block. 


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Appendix 4 
List of Summary Tables 
CT-1.1  Subject Disposition 
CT-1.2 Subject Disposition by Country and Center 
CT-1.3 Subject Completion Rates 
CT-2  Reasons For Discontinuation  
CT-3.1 Demographic Characteristics:  Age, Weight, Height, BMI, Sex, Race, and Ethnicity   
CT-3.2 Medical History 
CT-4.1 Concomitant Medications:  Medication Taken Prior to Start of Trial Therapy  
CT-4.2 Concomitant Medications:  Medication Taken During Trial Therapy  
CT-4.3 Concomitant Medications:  Medication Taken Post Trial Therapy  
CT-5.1 Summary of the Percentage of Subjects Who Achieve Clinical Remission at Week 12  
CT-5.2 Sensitivity Analysis of the Percentage of Subjects Who Achieve Clinical Remission at Week 
12 Using Placebo-based Pattern Imputation 
CT-5.3 Supplemental Analysis of the Percentage of Subjects Who Achieve Clinical Remission at 
Week 12 Using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) Test 
CT-5.4 Subgroup Analysis of the Percentage of Subjects Who Achieve Clinical Remission at Week 
12 
CT-6.1 Summary of the Percentage of Subjects with Endoscopic Response at Week 12 
CT-6.2 Summary of Change from Baseline in the SES-CD Score 
CT-6.3.1 Summary of the Percentage of Subjects with PRO-2 Remission at Week 12 
CT-6.3.2 Sensitivity Analysis of the Percentage of Subjects with PRO-2 Remission at Week 12 
Using Placebo-based Pattern Imputation 
CT-6.4 Summary of the Percentage of Subjects with Clinical Response at Week 12 
CT-6.5 Summary of the Percentage of Subjects Who Achieve Endoscopic Remission at Week 12 
CT-6.6 Summary of the Percentage of Subjects with a Decrease from Baseline of ≥ 100 Points in 
the CDAI Score 
CT-7 Extent of Exposure to Trial Medication 
CT-8.1  Adverse Events(All Causalities)   
CT-8.2.1 Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System Organ Class and MedDRA 
Preferred Term 


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CT-8.2.2 Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System Organ Class, MedDRA 
Preferred Term and Severity 
CT-8.3.1 Incidence of Potentially Drug-Related Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System 
Organ Class and MedDRA Preferred Term 
CT-8.3.2 Incidence of Potentially Drug-Related Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System 
Organ Class, MedDRA Preferred Term and Severity 
CT-8.4.  Incidence of Deaths due to Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System Organ Class 
and MedDRA Preferred Term 
CT-8.5.1  Incidence of Serious Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System Organ Class and 
MedDRA Preferred Term 
CT-8.5.2  Incidence of Serious Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System Organ Class, 
MedDRA Preferred Term and Severity 
CT-8.6.1  Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events Resulting in Discontinuation by 
System Organ Class and MedDRA Preferred Term 
CT-8.6.2  Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events Resulting in Discontinuation by 
System Organ Class, MedDRA Preferred Term and Severity 
CT-8.7.1  Incidence of Non-Serious Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System Organ Class 
and MedDRA Preferred Term 
CT-8.7.32 Incidence of Non-Serious Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events by System Organ Class, 
MedDRA Preferred Term and Severity 
CT-8.8.1  Incidence of Non-Serious Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events of at Least 5% in Any 
Group by System Organ Class and MedDRA Preferred Term 
CT-8.8.2  Incidence of Non-Serious Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events of at least 5% in Any 
Group by System Organ Class, MedDRA Preferred Term and Severity 
CT-9.1  Listing of Deaths 
CT-9.2  Listing of Serious Adverse Events 
CT-9.3  Listing of Trial Discontinuations Due to Adverse Events 
CT-10.1  Criteria for Laboratory Values of Potential Clinical Relevance 
CT-10.2.1  Listing of Laboratory Values of Potential Clinical Relevance by Subject 
CT-10.2.2  Listing of Laboratory Values of Potential Clinical Relevance by Test 
CT-10.3  Incidence of Laboratory Test Values of Potential Clinical Relevance 
CT-10.4.1  Laboratory Parameters - Mean Change from Baseline - Serum Chemistry 
CT-10.4.2  Laboratory Parameters - Mean Change from Baseline - Hematology 


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CT-10.4.3  Laboratory Parameters - Mean Change from Baseline – Urinalysis 
CT-10.5.1 Shift Tables of Clinical Laboratory Test Results - Serum Chemistry 
CT-10.5.2 Shift Tables of Clinical Laboratory Test Results - Hematology 
CT-10.5.3 Shift Tables of Clinical Laboratory Test Results – Urinalysis 
CT-10.6.1 Listing of Potentially Liver Injury-related Laboratory Test Abnormalities   
CT-10.6.2 Incidence of Potentially Liver Injury-related Laboratory Test Abnormalities  
CT-11.1  Criteria for Vital Sign Values of Potential Clinical Relevance  
CT-11.2  Listing of Vital Sign Values of Potential Clinical Relevance  
CT-11.3  Incidence of Vital Signs of Potential Clinical Relevance   
CT-11.4 Vital Sign Parameters - Mean Change from Baseline 
CT-12.1 Criteria for Potentially Clinically Relevant Abnormalities in ECG Evaluations 
CT-12.2 Listing of ECG Measurements of Potential Clinical Relevance   
CT-12.3 Incidence of Potentially Clinically Relevant Changes in ECG Evaluations   
CT-12.4 Mean Change from Baseline in Electrocadiogram Results   
CT-13.1 By-visit Analysis of CDAI remission 
CT-13.2 By-visit Analysis of PRO-2 remission 
CT-13.3 Summary of the Percentage of Subjects with a Biological Response in Subjects 
with Elevated Levels of CRP 
CT-13.4 Summary of the Percentage of Subjects with a Biological Response in Subjects with 
Elevated Levels of FCP 
CT-13.5 Summary of Characterization of the Fecal Microbiota Profile and Abundance Based on 
Taxonomic and Functional Annotation 
CT-14 Regression Analysis of QTC Parameters