Conditions: Abdominal Wall Hernia Pancreatic Diseases Bowel Disease Gastric Disease
Keywords: Post-operative pain Major abdominal surgery Colorectal surgery Gastric surgery
Allocation: RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: PARALLEL
Enrollment: 180
Healthy volunteers: yes

Brief summary:
Number of patients with unsatisfactory pain relief defined as average visual analog scale (VAS) more than 5 with or without requirement of IVPCA for pain relief during the first 48 hours postoperative period will be compared between the two groups and form the primary outcome for the study. Postoperative pain intensity will be measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) with 0- being no pain and 10-being maximum pain and the analgesic efficacy in both groups will also be evaluated by the amount of total narcotic consumption (measured with IV morphine equivalent doses of analgesics used to provide pain relief).

Detailed description:
In response to an increased focus on improving patient outcomes and satisfaction with surgical care, a growing body of clinical evidence has recently been dedicated to enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. These evidence-based perioperative pathways aim to optimize patients undergoing surgery in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods. ERAS protocols have incorporated the use of multimodal analgesia to minimize the use of intra- and postoperative opioid analgesics. Lidocaine, ketamine, magnesium, gabapentin, acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are some of the adjuvant analgesics used in combination with regional blocks to optimize analgesia and recovery. Multimodal analgesia has dependably been shown to significantly reduce postoperative opioid requirements as well as opioid-related side effects such as postoperative nausea and vomiting. Both oral and intravenous acetaminophen preparations have been shown to be useful adjuvants in multimodal analgesia. Intravenous acetaminophen has been of interest for its utility in post-surgical patients, who have not yet been cleared for oral intake. Intravenous acetaminophen should also be preferred over oral acetaminophen in patients after major abdominal surgery where absorption of medications given through oral route is erratic. Although the efficacy of intravenous acetaminophen as a postoperative pain adjunct is known, its exact role in ERAS protocols and non-narcotic multimodal analgesic regimens for major abdominal surgery has not been studied in randomized clinical trials to define its efficacy. The primary goal of this study is to assess the utility of a postoperative intravenous acetaminophen dosing schedule in minimizing postoperative pain, opioid consumption and opioid-related side effects. We also aim to study overall patient satisfaction and cost-effectiveness (direct and indirect costs) of this regimen as part of ERAS protocol at a large tertiary medical center.

Arms:
arm 1: Acetaminophen group: Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the acetaminophen group arm 2: Sodium Chloride 0.9% group: Half of subjects enrolled will be randomized to the acetaminophen group

Interventions: intervention 1: Acetaminophen Injectable Product intervention 2: Sodium Chloride 0.9%, Intravenous
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: The interventional group will receive 1 gram intravenous acetaminophen at the start of wound closure to be repeated every 6 hours for 48 hours postoperatively intervention 2: The placebo group will be given an intravenous placebo of saline solution at wound closure and repeated every 6 hours for 48 hours postoperatively.

Protocol document:
Prot_SAP_000.pdf: