Conditions: Nausea Abdominal Pain
Keywords: ondansetron dexamethasone
Allocation: RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: PARALLEL
Enrollment: 127
Healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary:
Nausea is a common complaint in patients who present to the emergency department (ED). Although the number of conditions that can present with nausea are numerous, the mainstay of treatment has become intravenous ondansetron (Zofran), not only due to its rapid onset but also its availability. One of the major drawbacks to using this form is that it often needs to be redosed. This study aims to compare intravenous (IV) ondansetron alone versus IV ondansetron given with IV dexamethasone (Decadron) as another viable option when treating patients with nausea in the emergency department.

Previous studies in patients undergoing surgical procedures have shown that when IV dexamethasone is given with IV ondansetron to post-operative patients they have less nausea and vomiting than ondansetron alone, and were even found to show decreased post-operative pain associated with nausea. It has also been shown to decrease the need to re-dose antiemetic medication. Although this combination has not been tested in the emergency department it is believed by these investigators that the additional use of dexamethasone may decrease the need to use repeated doses of ondansetron.

The investigators believe this may change the way physicians currently approach the nauseated patient in regards to treatment. That rather than possibly giving multiple doses of one medication over and over to reduce a patient's nausea, physicians can give two medications together at one time. The investigators hope to demonstrate that by giving intravenous dexamethasone and ondansetron together, it may be possible to reduce the number of patients who need additional doses of nausea medication.

Detailed description:
Nausea is a common complaint in patients who present to the emergency department (ED). Although the number of conditions that can present with nausea are numerous, the mainstay of treatment has become intravenous ondansetron (Zofran), not only due to its rapid onset but also its availability. One of the major drawbacks to using this form is that it often needs to be redosed. This study aims to compare intravenous (IV) ondansetron alone versus IV ondansetron given with IV dexamethasone (Decadron) as another viable option when treating patients with nausea in the emergency department.

Arms:
arm 1: Ondansetron (4 mg) followed by two 5 ml normal saline flush arm 2: Ondansetron (4 mg), followed by dexamethasone (4 mg), followed by a single 5 ml normal saline flush

Interventions: intervention 1: Ondansetron intervention 2: Dexamethasone
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: Patients receive intravenous ondansetron (4mg) followed by two 5ml normal saline flushes intervention 2: Patients receive intravenous ondansetron(4mg) followed by intravenous dexamethasone (4mg), followed by a single 5ml normal saline flush

Protocol document: