Conditions: Parkinson Disease Overactive Bladder Impaired Cognition
Keywords: mirabegron
Allocation: RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: PARALLEL
Enrollment: 7
Healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary:
There is a high prevalence of OAB symptoms among patients with Parkinson's disease and a lack of pharmacotherapies with an acceptable side effect profile. Specifically, available anticholinergic medications have a high risk of cognitive side-effects, which preclude their use in PD patients with CI. PD can also cause a number of non-motor symptoms that are likely to be adversely affected by the currently available anticholinergic agents. Mirabegron is the first pharmacologic treatment which may not exacerbate CI, constipation, orthostatic hypotension (OH), somnolence, and dry mouth in PD.

Detailed description:

Arms:
arm 1: mirabegron arm 2: Matching placebo

Interventions: intervention 1: mirabegron intervention 2: Placebo
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: None intervention 2: None

Protocol document:
Prot_SAP_000.pdf: 
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CLINICAL PROTOCOL 
 
Title: 
 
A clinical trial of mirabegron for overactive bladder 
symptoms in patients with Parkinson Disease and  
impaired cognition (MICT-PD) 
 
 
Compound Name: 
 
 
 
Mirabegron 
ClinicalTrials.gov Number: 
Document Date:  
 
 
 
June 29, 2016 
Protocol Version: 
 
 
 
1.0, Amendment 05 
Phase:  
 
 
 
 
4 
Sponsor: 
Struthers Parkinson’s Center, HealthPartners 
Institute 
 
 
 


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STUDY LEADERSHIP AND CONTACT INFORMATION: 
 
 
Principal Investigator: 
Sotirios A. Parashos, MD, PhD 
 
Co-investigators: 
 
Martha A. Nance, MD 
 
 
 
 
Daniel J. Kuyper, MD 
 
 
 
 
Jyothi Kesha, MD 
 
 
 
 
Catherine L. Wielinski, MPH 
 
Statistician: 
 
 
Avis Thomas, MS 
 
 
 
 
Steve Asche, MA 
 
Study Site:  
 
 
Struthers Parkinson’s Center 
 
 
 
 
6701 Country Club Drive 
 
 
 
 
Golden Valley, MN, 55427 
 
 
 
 
USA 
 
Institution:  
 
 
Park Nicollet Health Services 
 
Departments:  
 
Struthers Parkinson’s Center (SP, MN, DK, CW) 
Urological Surgery (JK) 
HealthPartners Institute (AT, SA) 
 
Contact: 
 
 
Catherine Wielinski, MPH 
 
 
 
 
Director of Research 
 
 
 
 
Struthers Parkinson’s Center 
 
 
 
 
6701 Country Club Drive 
 
 
 
 
Golden Valley, MN, 55427 
 
 
 
 
USA 
 
 
 
 
wielic@parknicollet.com 
 
 
 
 
Tel: 001-952-993-5607 
 
 
 
 
Fax: 001-952-993-2254 
 
 


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TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
TITLE ……………………………………………………………………………..  1 
STUDY LEADERSHIP AND CONTACT INFORMATION ……………………  2 
TABLE OF CONTENTS, LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES AND APPENDICES ...  4 
TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ………………………………………………..   7 
STUDY SYNOPSIS ………………………….……………………………………   9 
SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES …………………………………………………....  13 
1.0 INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………..  14 
1.1 Background …………………………………………………………………….  14 
1.2 Clinical experience with mirabegron …………………………………………..  15 
1.3 Study rationale …………………………………………………………………  16 
2.0 STUDY OBJECTIVES ……………………………………………………......  18 
2.1 Primary objective ………………………………………………………………  18 
2.2 Secondary objectives ...………………………….…..…………………………  18 
2.3 Exploratory analyses …………………………………………………………… 18 
3.0 STUDY METHODOLOGY …………………………………………………… 19 
3.1 Study design …………………………………………………………………… 19 
3.2 Subject selection ……………………………………………………………….. 19 
3.3 Inclusion Criteria ………………………………………………………………. 20 
3.4 Exclusion Criteria ……………………………………………………………… 21 
3.5 Criteria for Early Treatment Discontinuation …………………………………. 22 
3.6 Registration ……………………………………………………………………. 22 
3.7 Randomization ………………………………………………………………… 23 
3.8 Identification …………………………………………………………………..   23  
3.9 Visit and assessment schedule ………………………………………………… 23 
3.9.1 Screening (Visit 1) …………………………………..……………….….. 23 
3.9.2 Baseline (Visit 2; Day -14) ……………………………………..……….. 24 
3.9.3 Randomization (Visit 3; Day 0) …………………………………………. 25 
3.9.4 Low-dose phase maintenance visit (Visit 4-telephone call; Day 7) …….. 26 
3.9.5 Dose escalation visit (Visit 5; Day 14) ………………………………….. 26 


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3.9.6 High-dose phase maintenance visit (Visit 6; Day 42) …………………… 26 
3.9.7 End of treatment/Early termination visit (Visit 7; Day 84) …………….. 27 
3.9.8 Safety follow up visit (Visit 8; Day 84 +14) ……………………………. 28 
3.9.9 Unscheduled visit ……………………………………………………….. 28  
3.10 Efficacy assessments ………………………………………………………… 29 
3.11 Safety assessments …………………………………………………………… 34 
4.0 ADVERSE AND SERIOUS ADVERSE EVENT REPORTING ………………… 36 
5.0 DATA AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN …………………………………… 37 
6.0 STUDY DRUG SUPPLY …………………………………………………………. 38 
6.1 Mirabegron ………………………………………………………………………… 38 
 
6.1.1 Drug manufacturer …………………………………………………………... 38 
 
6.1.2 Known potential toxicities …………………………………………………… 39 
 
6.1.3 Known key drug interactions ………………………………………………… 41 
 
6.1.4 Storage ……………………………………………………………………….. 42 
 
6.1.5 Formulation of study drug …………………………………………………… 42 
 
6.1.6 Route and administration ……………………………………………………. 43 
 
6.1.7 Dose schedule ……………………………………………………………….. 43 
 
6.1.8 Dose increase/dose reduction ………………………………………………... 44 
 
6.1.9 Drug accountability ………………………………………………………….. 44 
 
6.1.10 Subject compliance …………………………………………………………. 44 
 
6.1.11 Prior and concomitant medications ………………………………………… 45 
 
6.1.12 Prohibited medications ……………………………………………………... 45 
 
6.1.13 Blinding and Unblinding …………………………………………………… 46 
7.0 DATA ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL METHODS …………………………... 46 
8.0 STUDY DOCUMENTATION, CRF, AND RECORD KEEPING ……………….. 49 
9.0 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES …………………………………………….. 49 
10.0 REFERENCES …………………………………………………………………… 51 
 
 
 
 
 


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TABLES 
Table 1:  Schedule of Activities ……………………………………………………… 13 
Table 2:  Percentages of patients with adverse reactions, derived from all adverse 
events, exceeding placebo rate and reported by 1% or more patients treated 
with mirabegron 25 mg or 50 mg once daily in 3 clinical trials ……………. 39 
Table 3: Percentages of Patients with Adverse Reactions, Derived from all Adverse 
Events, Reported by Greater Than 2% of Patients Treated With Myrbetriq 50 
mg Once Daily in Study 4 ………………………………………………….. 40 
Table 4: Daily dose schedule …………………………………………………………. 43 
 
FIGURES 
Figure 1: Study design …………………………………………………………………. 19  
 
APPENDICES: 
Appendix I: Myrbetriq® Full Prescribing Information 
Appendix II: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 
Appendix III: Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OABQ) 
Appendix IV: 3-Day Voiding Diary 
Appendix V: Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) 
Appendix VI: Parkinson’s Impact Scale (PIMS) 
Appendix VII: Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) 
Appendix VIII:  Parkinson’s Fatigue Scale (PFS) 
Appendix IX: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) 
Appendix X: Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) 
Appendix XI: Constipation Questions (CQ) 
Appendix XII: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) 
 
 
 
 
 


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TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 
Abbreviation  
 
Definition 
3-day VD 
 
 
Voiding diary 
AE 
 
 
 
Adverse event 
BAI 
 
 
 
Beck Anxiety Inventory 
BDI-II  
 
 
Beck Depression Inventory-II 
BOO  
 
 
Bladder outlet obstruction 
CI 
 
 
 
Impaired cognitive function 
CLcr 
 
 
 
Creatinine clearance 
CQ 
 
 
 
Constipation questions 
CRF 
 
 
 
Case Report Forms 
DBP  
 
 
Diastolic blood pressure 
DSMC  
 
 
Data Safety and Monitoring Committee 
ECG  
 
 
Electrocardiogram 
ESS 
 
 
 
Epworth Sleepiness Scale 
eGFR  
 
 
Glomerular filtration rate 
HRQL  
 
 
Health-Related Quality of Life 
HVLT  
 
 
Hopkins Verbal Learning Test 
MoCA  
 
 
Montreal Cognitive Assessment 
NYHA  
 
 
New York Heart Association 
OAB  
 
 
Overactive bladder 
OABQ  
 
 
Overactive Bladder Questionnaire 
PD 
 
 
 
Parkinson Disease 
PFS 
 
 
 
Parkinson Fatigue Scale 
PI 
 
 
 
Principal Investigator 
PIMS  
 
 
Parkinson’s Impact Scale 
PPBC  
 
 
Patient Perception of Bladder Condition 
PVR  
 
 
Post-void residual 
SBP 
 
 
 
Systolic blood pressure 
SF 
 
 
 
Semantic Fluency 
TMT A 
 
 
Trail Making Test, part A 


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TMT B 
 
 
Trail Making Test, part B 
UPDRS I, II, III, IV  
Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale parts I, II, II, IV 
UPDRS-6 
 
 
UPDRS Question 6 regarding excessive salivation 
VS 
 
 
 
Vital signs 
WOCP  
 
 
Women of childbearing potential 
 
 
 


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STUDY SYNOPSIS 
 
 
 
 
 
Name of Sponsor: Struthers Parkinson’s Center, Park Nicollet Institute 
 
Name of Investigational Product: Mirabegron (Myrbetriq®) in 25 mg extended 
release tablets; matching placebo tablets. 
 
Study Title: A clinical trial of mirabegron for overactive bladder symptoms in patients 
with Parkinson Disease and impaired cognition (MICT-PD) 
 
Study Center: Struthers Parkinson’s Center, Park Nicollet Methodist Hospital, Park 
Nicollet Health Services, Golden Valley, MN USA 
 
Study Duration: Approximately 16 months (from enrollment of first subject to last 
subject completion) 
 
Phase of Development: 4 
 
Indication: Overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in patients with Parkinson Disease 
(PD) and impaired cognitive function (CI) 
 
Rationale: There is a high prevalence of OAB symptoms among patients with 
Parkinson’s disease and a lack of pharmacotherapies with an acceptable side effect 
profile. Specifically, available anticholinergic medications have a high risk of cognitive 
side-effects, which preclude their use in PD patients with CI. PD can also cause a 
number of non-motor symptoms that are likely to be adversely affected by the 
currently available anticholinergic agents. Mirabegron is the first pharmacologic 
treatment which may not exacerbate CI, constipation, orthostatic hypotension (OH), 
somnolence, and dry mouth in PD. 
 
Objectives: 
Primary Objective:  
 To assess cognitive tolerability of mirabegron while treating OAB in PD 
patients with CI.  
 
Secondary Objectives:   
 To assess the efficacy of mirabegron for treating OAB symptoms in PD with 
CI.  
 To assess the effect of mirabegron on health related quality of life in PD 
patients with OAB symptoms and CI.  
 To assess the effect of mirabegron on excessive daytime sleepiness in PD 
patients with OAB symptoms and CI. 
 
Exploratory analyses:  


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 To assess the effects of mirabegron on orthostatic changes in blood pressure in 
PD patients with OAB symptoms and CI. 
 To assess the effect of mirabegron on depressive and anxiety symptomatology, 
excessive salivation, and constipation in PD patients with OAB symptoms and 
CI.  
 To assess effects of mirabegron on PD motor symptom severity in PD patients 
with OAB symptoms and CI. 
 
Study Design: 
This is a pilot study conducted in one study center. Study design will be a randomized, 
double-blind, placebo-control study. Subjects will receive a two-week, single-blind 
placebo run-in followed by 2 weeks of a 1:2 randomized double-blind phase 
(placebo:25 mg mirabegron), followed by 10 weeks dose escalation (placebo:50 mg 
mirabegron), followed by a two-week washout period. 
 
Study Duration: 
Maximum participation will be 20 weeks, consisting of 2-4 weeks screening period, 2 
weeks of placebo run-in, 12 weeks of double-blind placebo-controlled treatment, and 2 
weeks of safety follow up. 
 
Study Population: 
Adult ambulatory outpatients with PD, CI, and OAB symptoms. 
 
Statistical Analysis: 
Descriptive statistics will be performed. The primary group for analysis will consist of 
all subjects who received at least one dose during the double-blind placebo-controlled 
phase. Analyses will compare change from randomization (visit 3) to end of treatment 
(visit 7). Tests of equivalence will be performed on primary, secondary and exploratory 
outcomes, with significance level of p<.05. 
 
Study Procedures: 
Refer to the Study Schedule/Flowchart, below. 
 
Number of Subjects: 30 (20 active treatment, 10 placebo group). 
 
Eligibility criteria: 
 
INCLUSION CRITERIA: 
1. Aged 25-80 at screening. Subjects older than 80 will be allowed at the 
discretion of the PI. 
2. Ambulatory (defined as able to ambulate at least 10 meters, with or without 
assistance). 
3. Clinical Diagnosis of PD based on the United Kingdom Brain Bank diagnostic 
criteria for PD. 
4. At baseline visit (Visit 2) patients must have: 
a. At least 8 micturitions per 24 hours and 


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b. At least 3 urgency episodes per 3-day diary. 
5. A MoCA score between 19 and 28 (inclusive) at screening.  For those on 
cognitive enhancers (donepezil, rivastigmine, memantine, galantamine) a 
MoCA score between 19 and 29 (inclusive) at screening. 
6. Provide informed consent to participate in the study and understand that they 
may withdraw their consent at any time without prejudice to their future 
medical care. 
7. Be cognitively capable, in the opinion of investigator, to understand and 
provide such informed consent. 
8. Be cognitively capable to complete the required questionnaires and 
assessments, OR have a care partner who is willing and capable to assist them 
in the completion of these tasks. 
9. Be on a stable regimen of antiparkinson’s medications at least 30 days prior to 
screening, and be expected to remain on a stable dose for the duration of the 
study. 
10. If taking cognitive enhancers (donepezil, rivastigmine, memantine, 
galantamine), must be on stable dose at least 30 days prior to screening, and be 
expected to remain on a stable dose for the duration of the study. 
 
EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 
1. Known or suspected alcohol or substance abuse in the preceding 12 months. 
2. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. 
3. Women of childbearing potential (WOCP) who are not using at least one 
method of contraception. 
4. Patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr ≤ 29 mL/min, or eGFR ≤ 29 
mL/min/1.73 m2), or moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh 
classes B or C). 
5. Patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) that, in the opinion of the study 
urologist, would expose them to risk of urinary retention during treatment with 
mirabegron. 
6. Patients treated with drugs that require dose adjustment when co-administered 
with CYP2D6 inhibitors. 
7. Patients with supine systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 180 mm Hg, or diastolic 
blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 110 mm Hg. 
8. Clinically significant, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia, unstable angina, 
congestive heart failure (NYHA Class 3 or 4), or history of myocardial 
infarction in the preceding 2 years. 
9. History of cancer in the preceding 2 years other than successfully treated, non-
metastatic, squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma, or cervical cancer in situ. 
10. Any major urological procedure in the preceding 90 days. 
11. Any major surgical procedure in the preceding 30 days. 
12. Previously treated with mirabegron within 60 days prior to the baseline visit 
(Visit 2), or previously having failed treatment with mirabegron regardless of 
duration and timing of treatment. 


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13. Current or previous, within the 60 days preceding the baseline visit (Visit 2), 
treatment with antimuscarinic agents for OAB symptoms; and, willingness to 
not use antimuscarinic agents for the duration of the study. 
14. Currently receiving any other investigational drug or having received an 
investigational drug within the 60 days preceding the baseline visit (Visit 2). 
15. Any condition or laboratory test result, which, in the opinion of the Investigator 
or the Study Urologist, might result in an increased risk to the patient, or would 
affect their participation in the study. 
16. Any patient who, in the opinion of the Investigator, is not a good candidate for 
the study or will not be able to follow study procedures. 
 
Dosage and Administration: 
During the 2-week run-in placebo period all subjects will receive placebo tablets 
matching the 25 mg mirabegron extended release tablets. During the first two weeks of 
the double-blind placebo-controlled phase, subjects will be randomized to either 25 mg 
extended release mirabegron or matching placebo (2:1 ratio). During the following 10 
weeks of the double-blind placebo-controlled phase, subjects tolerating treatment 
without side-effects will be escalated to 50 mg mirabegron (two 25 mg mirabegron 
extended release tablets) or matching placebo (two placebo tablets); subjects 
experiencing side-effects that do not preclude continuation of the study will continue at 
the dosage level of one 25 mg extended release mirabegron tablet or matching placebo 
daily. Subjects who have escalated to 50 mg mirabegron or matching placebo and 
experience side-effects at that level, will be allowed one dose reduction to 25 mg 
mirabegron or matching placebo. 
Depending on dose level, one or two tablets will be administered daily, with or without 
food, swallowed whole with water; chewing, crushing or dividing is not allowed. 
 
Primary Endpoint: 
Relative mean change to the MoCA score between randomization visit (Visit 3) and 
week 14 visit (Visit 7). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


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Table 1. Schedule of Activities: 
VISIT/PROCEDURE: 
Screening 
Visit 
Baseline 
Visit 
Randomizati
on 
Low dose 
phase 
Dose 
escalation 
High dose 
phase 
End of TX / 
Early Term 
Follow-up / 
Week 16 
Visit number 
1 
2 
3 
4 phone 
5  
6 
7 
8 
Visit time 
week -4 to -6 
week -2 
day 0 
day 7 
day 14 
day 42 
day 84 
day 98 
Informed consent 
X  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Inclusion/Exclusion criteria 
X  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Past history/demographic 
X  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Neurological and physical exam 
X  
X  
  
  
X  
  
X  
X  
Urologic exam 
X * 
  
  
  
X*  
  
  
X* 
Cystoscopy 
X* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Concomitant medication 
X  
X  
X  
X  
X  
X  
X  
X  
Adverse events 
  
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
Study drug compliance 
  
  
X  
X  
X  
X  
X  
  
UPDRS 
X  
  
  
  
X  
  
X  
X  
Vital signs (includes weight, height 
and orthostatics) 
X  
X  
X  
  
X  
  
X  
X  
ECG 
X  
  
  
  
X  
  
X 
  
Pregnancy test (for WOCP) 
X  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 X 
Urinalysis 
X* 
  
  
  
X* 
  
X 
 X* 
Blood samples (safety) 
X  
  
  
  
  
  
X 
  
OABQ 
X  
X  
  
X  
X  
X  
  
3-day VD training and concordance 
X  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
3-day VD assessment 
  
X  
X  
  
X  
X  
X  
  
PVR 
X* 
 
 
 
X* 
 
 
X* 
PPBC 
 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
CQ 
 
 
X 
 
 
 
X 
 
UPDRS-6 
 
 
X 
 
 
 
X 
 
MoCA 
X  
X 
  
  
  
X  
  
Map Search 
  
   
X 
  
   
  
X  
  
HVLT 
  
  
X 
  
  
  
X  
  
TMT A and B 
  
   
X 
  
   
  
X  
  
BAI 
   
X 
  
   
X  
BDI-II 
  
   
X 
  
   
  
X  
  
ESS 
   
X 
  
   
  
X  
  
PFS 
   
X 
  
   
  
X  
  
PIMS 
   
X 
  
   
  
X  
  
Drug dispense 
  
X 
X 
  
X 
  
  
 
* Procedures performed during the urology visit 


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1.0 
INTRODUCTION 
1.1 
Background 
 
1.1.1 Parkinson Disease 
 
Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive degenerative disease of the nervous 
system. The disease affects approximately 7 out of every 1000 persons above the age of 
40, 3 out of every 100 persons older than 80, and its incidence increases dramatically 
with age.1,2 Apart from the well-known motor dysfunction, PD causes numerous non-
motor symptoms at every stage of the disease.3  
 
1.1.2 PD and urinary tract symptoms 
 
Bladder dysfunction in the form of lower urinary tract symptoms has been reported in 38-
71% of patients with PD4 and even in the early and untreated stages.5 Various types of 
lower urinary symptoms have been reported in PD patients, but storage related symptoms 
are the most common, relating to detrusor overactivity and uninhibited external sphincter 
relaxation, which are the main contributors to overactive bladder in PD. Such bladder 
dysfunction has a well-recognized negative impact on the quality of life of patients 
suffering from chronic neurologic diseases.6 In more general terms, beyond bladder 
dysfunction, PD pathology affects the entire sympathetic chain, and particularly 
adrenergic neurons, resulting in a variety of dysautonomic symptoms. 
 
1.1.3 PD and cognitive dysfunction 
 
Another category of non-motor symptoms of PD is that of cognitive deficits, which can 
be mild, yet often obtrusive in early PD, even in the absence of dementia. Such deficits 
may include impaired attention, impaired recall but not recognition, executive 
dysfunction, and visuospatial impairment,7 and may affect activities of daily living, 
employment status, and quality of life.8 Dementia occurs in more advanced stages of PD, 
and its prevalence in PD is reported between 11% and 36%.9 When compared to their 
age-peers, patients with PD have a five- to six-fold risk for dementia.10 As the presence 
of dementia adversely affects the natural history and prognosis of PD,11,12 preserving 
cognition is an important element in the clinical management of PD. 
 
1.1.4 Current treatment of overactive bladder in PD 
 
Current treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) in PD relies primarily on the use of 
anticholinergic agents, such as oxybutynin, tolterodine, solifenacin and darifenacin.13 
Unfortunately, no clinical trials assessing efficacy and tolerability of these agents in the 


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PD population have been conducted. None of these medications’ list of adverse effects 
include the potential for cognitive dysfunction, yet this has been well demonstrated for 
the case of oxybutynin.14 Tolterodine, solifenacin and darifenacin have virtually no 
information on their impact on patient populations vulnerable to cognitive adverse 
effects, so the current clinical practice is that they should be used “with caution”.15 The 
current clinical practice consensus is that such medications should be avoided in 
Parkinson patients with overactive bladder and cognitive dysfunction. Botulinum toxin 
injections have shown some effectiveness in this population, but this is an off-label use.16  
 
1.1.5 Mirabegron 
 
Mirabegron is a selective β3 adrenoreceptor agonist approved in the USA for the 
treatment of overactive bladder symptoms under the brand name Myrbetriq®, produced 
by Astellas Pharma. A recent meta-analysis of the four phase III randomized clinical 
trials of mirabegron in the treatment of overactive bladder concluded that the compound 
is an effective and safe treatment for the treatment of overactive bladder symptoms, 
combining data from a total of 5,761 participants.17  
 
1.1.6 Pharmacology (Myrbetriq Full Prescribing Information - Appendix I) 
 
Mirabegron is a beta-3 adrenergic agonist. The chemical name is 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-
yl)-N-[4-(2-{[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]acetamide with the 
empirical formula of C21H24N4O2S and molecular weight of 396.51. The structural 
formula of mirabegron is: 
 
Mirabegron is a white powder. It is practically insoluble in water (0.082 mg/mL). It is 
soluble in methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide. Each Myrbetriq® extended release tablet for 
oral administration contains either 25 mg or 50 mg of mirabegron and the following 
inactive ingredients: polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, 
butylated hydroxytoluene, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, yellow ferric oxide, and 
red ferric oxide (25 mg tablet only). 
 
1.2 
Clinical experience with mirabegron: efficacy, safety, and tolerability 
 
Mirabegron efficacy, safety and tolerability were evaluated in three 12-week, double-
blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter clinical trials. Long-


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term safety and tolerability were further assessed in one 12-month, double-blind, 
randomized, active-control, parallel-group, multicenter clinical trial in patients with 
overactive bladder with symptoms of urinary incontinence and urinary frequency. Entry 
criteria for each of the four clinical trials required that patients had symptoms of 
overactive bladder ≥3 months, ≥8 micturitions per day, and ≥3 episodes of urgency with 
or without incontinence over a 3-day period.18-21 (see Myrbetriq Full Prescribing 
Information, Appendix 1) It is estimated that over 10,500 subjects have received 
mirabegron in clinical trials over approximately 10 years, with over 5,500 patients with 
OAB symptoms having received the drug during Phase II and III clinical trials sponsored 
by Astellas.22  
 
In Phase III clinical trials, mirabegron showed significant efficacy in treating the 
symptoms of OAB at daily doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg.  Specifically, improvements 
were demonstrated in micturition frequency, urgency incontinence, and urgency. At daily 
doses of 50 and 100 mg of mirabegron, sustained improvements were attained as early as 
during week 4. Among responders, the magnitude of the therapeutic effect measured an 
at least 50% reduction in mean daily (24h) number of incontinence episodes, and in the 
proportion of patients with 8 daily (24h) micturitions or less. Of importance to the present 
discussion, patients aged 65 or older benefited from mirabegron 50 and 100 mg. Long-
term clinical trials of up to 12 months demonstrated good long term safety and 
tolerability. The most common adverse events included hypertension, nasopharyngitis, 
and urinary tract infection. When looking specifically at anticholinergic side effects, the 
incidence of dry mouth was similar to placebo, and was between three and fivefold less 
than for tolterodine extended release 4 mg. 
 
1.3  
Study rationale 
 
Clinical trials of mirabegron found no central nervous system-related adverse events, 
such as confusion and somnolence. Its pharmacology would suggest that it has no central 
nervous system action, and hence should be well tolerated in patient populations 
vulnerable to cognitive adverse effects. This is of special interest to the PD population, 
because confusion, hallucinations and somnolence are common side effects among PD 
patients treated with anticholinergic agents (current standard of practice) for overactive 
bladder symptoms, although unfortunately this statement cannot be supported by clinical 
trials which do not exist yet constitute the experience of most experts treating PD 
patients. Apart from the cognitive issues, sympathetic dysfunctions are very common 
non-motor manifestation of PD, one of the most disruptive being orthostatic hypotension. 
Mirabegron is a peripheral sympathomimetic agent, and it is reasonable to assume that 
the use of mirabegron in PD patients may result in improved sympathetic function, 
conceivably lessening the burden of these symptoms. 


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1.3.1  Dose and schedule of administration  
 
Current prescribing recommendations for mirabegron include an initial dose of 25 mg 
daily for 8 weeks with subsequent escalation to 50 mg depending on efficacy and 
tolerability. Daily doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg have been proven both efficacious and 
safe. Due to the limited duration of the present protocol, dose escalation was contracted 
to 2 weeks, allowing for a one-time dose reduction after escalation if problems with 
tolerability arise. Because of the pilot character of this study, the allowed daily dose was 
limited to 25 and 50 mg. No dose adjustment is necessary for age. This was a 
consideration as it is expected that the majority of the enrolled subjects will fall within 
this age demographic, simply because of the age effect on prevalence of PD. Dose 
adjustments are recommended for severe renal and moderate hepatic impairments. Again, 
given the pilot character of the present protocol, subjects with these impairments are 
excluded from participation. 
 
1.3.2  Selection of primary outcome 
 
Although it may seem unusual for a clinical trial on OAB, a global cognitive measure 
was selected as the primary outcome measure, since the essence of this trial lies in 
demonstrating cognitive tolerability of this medication in PD patients with overactive 
bladder. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment23 (see Appendix II) was chosen as a 
concise, comprehensive, and sensitive global measure of cognitive dysfunction, with 
proven accuracy in PD.24 In this patient group, it has been demonstrated to be superior to 
the Minimental State Examination (MMSE) and equivalent to the more extensive and 
time consuming Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson disease-Cognition (SCOPA-COG)25 in 
detecting mild cognitive impairment. The instrument takes approximately 10 minutes to 
administer, and contains tests of the cognitive domains of attention and concentration, 
executive function, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, 
calculations, and orientation. Three versions are available to improve test-retest reliability 
and reduce practice effects. It is scored 0-30, with higher scores reflecting better 
cognitive function. Normative data have been developed and cut-off scores are 
available.26 A score of <26 is considered a cutoff for both mild cognitive impairment and 
dementia.  
 
In this protocol we use the MoCA both as an outcome measure and as an inclusion and 
exclusion criterion. The purpose of this study is to examine the cognitive tolerability of 
mirabegron in PD patients with some impaired cognitive function (CI), yet not having 
cognitive dysfunction of an extent that would a) interfere with the subject’s ability to 
participate in study procedures and provide informed consent or b) affect the subject’s 


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ability to control bodily functions and thus interfere with measures of efficacy. 
Additionally there is a mounting evidence in the literature that the cut off of 26 may be 
too strict, with 66% of subjects in a recent population based study falling below this 
suggested cutoff.27  
 
2.  
STUDY OBJECTIVES 
 
Study objectives will focus on cognitive tolerability of mirabegron in PD patients with CI 
and OAB, while demonstrating efficacy in this population; exploratory analyses will look 
for potential positive or negative impact of the intervention on motor and non-motor 
aspects of PD. 
 
2.1 
Primary objective 
 
The primary objective of this experimental protocol is to assess cognitive tolerability of 
mirabegron while treating OAB symptoms in patients with PD and CI.  
 
2.2 
Secondary objectives  
 
Secondary objectives will assess efficacy of mirabegron in PD and the impact of 
mirabegron on other non-motor symptoms in PD:  
 To assess the efficacy of mirabegron for treating OAB symptoms in PD with CI.  
 To assess the effect of mirabegron on health related quality of life in PD patients 
with OAB symptoms and CI.  
 To assess the effect of mirabegron on excessive daytime sleepiness in PD patients 
with OAB symptoms and CI. 
 
2.3 
Exploratory analyses 
 
As discussed earlier, PD has a number of non-motor symptoms resulting from peripheral 
sympathetic dysfunction, which could conceivably respond favorably to mirabegron. It is 
also of interest to ensure that mirabegron does not worsen any of the motor and non-
motor symptoms of PD. Although as per protocol any worsening of these symptoms will 
be logged as an adverse event (AE), more specific evaluations utilizing dedicated 
measures will also be obtained and analyzed. Therefore, additional exploratory analyses 
will be performed:  
 To assess the effects of mirabegron on orthostatic changes in blood pressure in 
PD patients with OAB symptoms and CI. 
 To assess the effects of mirabegron on depressive and anxiety symptomatology, 
excessive salivation, and constipation in PD patients with OAB symptoms and CI. 


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 To assess effects of mirabegron on PD motor symptom severity in PD patients 
with OAB symptoms and CI. 
 
3.0 
STUDY METHODOLOGY 
 
3.1 
Study design 
 
This is a single-site, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot 
study with a 12-week treatment period, consisting of an initial 2-week, single-blind 
placebo run-in, followed by 2-week randomization to low dose mirabegron (total daily 
dose of 25 mg) vs. placebo (2:1 active vs. placebo randomization), followed by 10-week, 
dose escalation randomization to high dose mirabegron (total daily dose of 50 mg) vs. 
placebo.  Study design is outlined in figure 1. 
 
Figure 1 
Study design 
 
3.2 Subject Selection 
 
3.2.1 Number of subjects and assignment to treatment groups 
 
A sufficient number of subjects will be screened and randomized until 30 subjects have 
received at least 1 dose of double-blind study medications (i.e. complete visit 3 and 
receive at least one dose of study drug after randomization). An effort will be made to 
assign equal proportions of men and women into the two treatment assignments. 
Randomization will be a 2:1 ratio between mirabegron and placebo.  
 
3.2.2  Study site 
 
2 weeks
2 weeks
6 weeks
4 weeks
2 weeks
2 weeks
Screening
High-dose phase
Run-in
placebo
Low-dose phase
High-dose phase
Safety follow-up
Visit 1
Visit 8
Visit 3
Visit 7
Visit 2
Baseline
Visit 6
Randomization
Screening
Visit 5
Visit 4
Phone call
Dose escalation
End of treatment
High dose maintenance
Safety follow up


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The study will be conducted in a single study location: Struthers Parkinson’s Center 
SPC), Park Nicollet Methodist Hospital, Park Nicollet Health Services, Golden Valley, 
Minnesota, United States of America. The center is nationally recognized for its team 
approach to PD management, and is a designated Center of Excellence of the National 
Parkinson Foundation. Staff includes 4 neurologists and 18 additional FTEs.  The center 
is part of Park Nicollet Health Services, which recently merged with Health Partners. 
SPC research staff includes a Lead Physician for Clinical Research, a full-time Research 
Director, and two full-time RN/BSN-level Research Coordinators. SPC research staff 
have participated in numerous clinical trials of PD, Huntington disease and related 
disorders, continuously since 1998. The center currently provides medical and allied 
health services for approximately 1500 outpatients with PD. The immediate referral 
network includes 8 neurologists and numerous primary care providers of the Park 
Nicollet Health Services, and 34 neurologists of the Minneapolis Clinic of Neurology 
Ltd. 
 
3.2.3 Study population 
 
Adult ambulatory outpatients with PD and CI with OAB symptoms, who fulfill inclusion 
criteria. The degree of CI and OAB symptom severity necessary for participation are 
defined by the inclusion criteria. Subjects will be required to have been on a stable 
regimen of antiparkinsonian agents and/or cognitive enhancers for 30 days prior to 
screening, and be expected to remain so for the duration of the study. 
 
3.3 
Inclusion Criteria 
 
1. Aged 25-80 at screening. Subjects older than 80 will be allowed at the discretion 
of the PI. 
2. Ambulatory (defined as able to ambulate at least 10 meters, with or without 
assistance). 
3. Clinical Diagnosis of PD based on the United Kingdom Brain Bank diagnostic 
criteria for PD.28  
4. At baseline visit (Visit 2) patients must have: 
a. At least 8 micturitions per 24 hours and 
b. At least 3 urgency episodes per 3-day diary. 
5. A MoCA score between 19 and 28 (inclusive) at screening.  For those on 
cognitive enhancers (donepezil, rivastigmine, memantine, galantamine) a MoCA 
score between 19 and 29 (inclusive) at screening. 
6. Provide informed consent to participate in the study and understand that they may 
withdraw their consent at any time without prejudice to their future medical care. 


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7. Be cognitively capable, in the opinion of investigator, to understand and provide 
such informed consent. 
8. Be cognitively capable to complete the required questionnaires and assessments, 
OR have a care partner who is willing and capable to assist them in the 
completion of these tasks. 
9. Be on a stable regimen of antiparkinson’s medications at least 30 days prior to 
screening, and be expected to remain on a stable dose for the duration of the 
study. 
10. If taking cognitive enhancers (donepezil, rivastigmine, memantine, galantamine), 
must be on stable dose at least 30 days prior to screening, and be expected to 
remain on a stable dose for the duration of the study. 
 
3.4 
Exclusion Criteria 
 
1. Known or suspected alcohol or substance abuse in the preceding 12 months. 
2. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. 
3. Women of childbearing potential (WOCP) who are not using at least one method 
of contraception. 
4. Patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr ≤ 29 mL/min, or eGFR ≤ 29 
mL/min/1.73 m2), or moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh classes 
B or C). 
5. Patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) that, in the opinion of the study 
urologist, would expose them to risk of urinary retention during treatment with 
mirabegron. 
6. Patients treated with drugs that require dose adjustment when co-administered 
with CYP2D6 inhibitors. 
7. Patients with supine systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 180 mm Hg, or diastolic 
blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 110 mm Hg. 
8. Clinically significant, uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia, unstable angina, 
congestive heart failure (NYHA Class 3 or 4), or history of myocardial infarction 
in the preceding 2 years. 
9. History of cancer in the preceding 2 years other than successfully treated, non-
metastatic, squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma, or cervical cancer in situ. 
10. Any major urological procedure in the preceding 90 days. 
11. Any major surgical procedure in the preceding 30 days. 
12. Previously treated with mirabegron within 60 days prior to the baseline visit (Visit 
2), or previously having failed treatment with mirabegron regardless of duration 
and timing of treatment. 


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13. Current or previous, within the 60 days preceding the baseline visit (Visit 2), 
treatment with antimuscarinic agents for OAB symptoms; and, willingness to not 
use antimuscarinic agents for the duration of the study. 
14. Currently receiving any other investigational drug or having received an 
investigational drug within the 60 days preceding the baseline visit (Visit 2). 
15. Any condition or laboratory test result, which, in the opinion of the Investigator or 
the Study Urologist, might result in an increased risk to the patient, or would 
affect their participation in the study. 
16. Any patient who, in the opinion of the Investigator, is not a good candidate for the 
study or will not be able to follow study procedures. 
 
3.5  
Criteria for study discontinuation or early treatment termination 
 
Study discontinuation may occur as a result of a decision from regulatory authorities, 
change of the opinion of the Park Nicollet Institutional Review Board (IRB), safety 
concerns raised by the Data and Safety Monitoring Committee (DSMC), or unavailability 
of the study drug. 
 
The investigator retains the right to terminate the study at any time and for any reasons. 
Such study termination, however, will be subject to adequate consideration of the 
subjects’ interests. 
 
Individual subjects will be terminated from the study if they withdraw consent. In that 
instance, every effort will be made for the subject to attend an early termination visit and 
safety follow up.  
 
Subjects may be withdrawn from the study at the discretion of the Investigator, for 
considerations relating to subject safety, or for non-adherence or loss of ability to comply 
with study requirements. 
 
3.6  
Registration 
 
All materials and procedures will be approved by the Park Nicollet Institute Institutional 
Review Board (IRB) before recruitment begins. Over a 12 month period, all eligible 
patients will be screened by the research staff for enrollment. Informed consent will be 
signed prior to the performance of any study related procedures or assessments. 
 
During screening, the investigator or designee is to assess the need and requirements for a 
caregiver during the course of the study, and to assure the commitment of the person(s) 
so designated. 
 


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Subjects will be considered enrolled into the study after they have signed the informed 
consent, have met all study mandated inclusion/exclusion criteria, and are enrolled at 
Visit 2 (Day 0, Baseline). 
 
3.7  
Randomization 
 
After a 2-week run-in period in which all subjects take placebo in a single-blinded 
fashion, subjects will be randomized to a blinded dose of study drug at their 
randomization visit. This is a double-blind, pilot study. Neither the subject, treating 
physician, principal investigator, co-investigators, nor study coordinators will know to 
which group the subject has been randomized. The randomization scheme will be 
prepared by the study statistician. Study subjects will receive identical tablets in identical 
containers which will contain either 25 mg mirabegron extended release or placebo 
tablets, depending on which group they are randomized to. Study subjects will be 
instructed to take study drug in the morning with food and 8 ounces of water. A subject’s 
dose assignment will be un-blinded if the Medical Monitor and PI determine it is 
medically necessary (for instance, allergic reaction). 
 
3.8  
Identification 
 
At the time of study enrollment all subjects will be assigned a unique subject number. 
This identification number, in combination with the subject’s initials, will be used as the 
identifier on all case report forms and study related documentation. 
 
3.9 
Visit and assessment schedule 
 
3.9.1 Screening (Visit 1) 
 
Written informed consent will be obtained before any study specific procedures are 
undertaken. Visit 1 has to be completed at least 2 weeks and no longer than 4 weeks prior 
to baseline visit, to allow sufficient time to review collected information and determine 
subject eligibility for participation. Urology screening procedures (urologic examination 
with cystoscopy, urinalysis and PVR) can be conducted anytime between Visit 1 and one 
week prior to baseline, including the same day as visit 1, but procedures for visit 1 have 
to precede urology visit. 
 
Screening visit 1 will be conducted by the Investigator, or his designee, and will 
include: 
 Review and signing of the written informed consent 
 Assignment of patient identification number 
 Review of inclusion and exclusion criteria 


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 Demographics 
 Review of medical history 
 Review of concomitant medications 
 Vital signs, including weight, height, and orthostatics 
 Physical examination 
 Neurological Examination 
 Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) 
 12-lead ECG recording 
 Blood samples for chemistry and hematology (Na, K, Cl, HCO3, blood glucose, 
BUN, creatinine, GFR, AST, ALT, total bilirubin, Alkaline phosphatase, GGT, 
CBC with differential and platelets) 
 Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 
 Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OABQ) 
 3-day VD training and concordance 
 Serum pregnancy test (SPT) for WOCP 
 Urologic examination with cystoscopy 
 Urinalysis 
 Post-void residual 
 
All screening visit results must be reviewed by the Investigator or designee prior to Visit 
2. In cases of screen failure resulting from treatable and reversible causes (e.g. urinary 
tract infection, other intercurrent illness during the screening period, etc.) or scheduling 
conflict, the screening period can be extended up to 56 days at the Investigator’s 
discretion, provided subject still meets eligibility criteria. Screening assessments may 
need to be repeated at the Investigator’s discretion.  
 
3.9.2 Baseline (Visit 2; Day -14) 
 
The baseline visit (Visit 2) will occur 14-28 days from Screening visit 1. Procedures will 
be conducted by the Investigator or designee: 
 Concomitant medications 
 Adverse events 
 Vital signs, weight, height, and orthostatics 
 Physical Examination 
 Neurological Examination 
 3-day VD assessment 
 Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) 
 Study drug dispense 
 


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At the end of the baseline visit, subjects will be dispensed study drug sufficient for the 
run-in period (to last until Visit 3). At this time, subjects will be dispensed placebo in a 
single-blinded fashion (subjects will be unaware that they are receiving placebo). Study 
drug will be in the form of mirabegron 25 mg extended release-matching placebo tablets, 
and will be given in a dose of 1 tablet daily. The intent of the single-blind, placebo phase 
is to minimize the impact of the placebo effect. 
 
3.9.3 Randomization (Visit 3; Day 0) 
 
Randomization visit procedures will aim at collecting data that will be utilized as baseline 
measures for the statistical analysis for primary and secondary outcomes, and exploratory 
analyses. 
 
 Concomitant medications 
 Adverse events 
 Study drug compliance 
 Vital signs, weight, height, and orthostatics 
 OABQ 
 3-day VD assessment 
 PPBC 
 CQ 
 UPDRS-6 
 MoCA 
 Map Search 
 Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) 
 Trail Making Test (TMT) parts A and B 
 Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) 
 Beck Depression Inventory version II (BDI-II) 
 Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) 
 Parkinson Fatigue Scale (PFS) 
 Parkinson’s Impact Scale (PIMS) 
 Study drug dispense 
 
At the conclusion of the randomization visit, subjects will be randomized in a double-
blind fashion in a ratio of 2:1 to mirabegron 25 mg daily vs. placebo. Study drug will be 
administered in the form of 1 mirabegron 25 mg extended release matching placebo 
tablet daily (placebo arm) or 1 mirabegron 25 mg extended release tablet daily (active 
treatment arm). Thus all subjects will continue to receive 1 tablet daily. Sufficient study 
drug will be dispensed to last until Visit 6. 


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3.9.4 Low-dose phase maintenance visit (Visit 4 - telephone call; Day 7) 
 
The purpose of this telephone call is to assess adverse events and medication compliance. 
It can be conducted via telephone interview. 
 
 Concomitant medications 
 Adverse events 
 Study drug compliance 
 
3.9.5 Dose escalation visit (Visit 5; Day 14) 
 
The purpose of this visit is to assess adverse events, medication compliance, and obtain 
interim measures for analyses. 
 
 Concomitant medications 
 Adverse events 
 Study drug compliance 
 Vital signs, weight, height, and orthostatics 
 Physical Examination 
 Neurological Examination 
 ECG 
 UPDRS 
 Urologic examination 
 PVR 
 Urinalysis 
 OABQ 
 3-day VD assessment 
 PPBC 
 Study drug dose escalation instructions 
 
The urologic examination, PVR, and urinalysis may be obtained at a separate visit, within 
the 3 days preceding scheduled Visit 5. At the conclusion of Visit 5, subjects will be 
instructed to increase the dose to ge2 mirabegron 25 mg extended release - matching 
placebo tablets daily (placebo arm) or 2 mirabegron 25 mg extended release tablets daily 
(active treatment arm). Thus all subjects will begin receiving 2 identical looking tablets 
daily. 
 
3.9.6 High-dose phase maintenance visit (Visit 6; Day 42) 


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The purpose of this visit is to establish interim overall tolerability of the medication, 
medication compliance, and obtain interim measures for analysis. 
 
 Concomitant medications 
 Adverse events 
 Study drug compliance 
 OABQ 
 3-day VD assessment 
 PPBC 
 Study drug dispense 
 
At the conclusion of Visit 6, subjects will be dispensed mirabegron 25 mg tablets or 
matching placebo. Study drug will be administered in the form of 2 mirabegron 25 mg, 
matching placebo tablets daily (placebo arm) or 2 mirabegron 25 mg tablets daily (active 
treatment arm). Thus all subjects will continue to receive 2 identical looking tablets daily. 
Sufficient study drug will be dispensed to last until the end of treatment visit (Visit 7). 
 
3.9.7 End of treatment / Early termination visit (Visit 7; Day 84) 
 
During Visit 7, screening and baseline safety and tolerability as well as efficacy and 
outcome measures will be repeated. 
 
 Concomitant medications 
 Adverse events 
 Study drug compliance 
 Vital signs, weight, height, and orthostatics 
 Physical Examination 
 Neurological Examination 
 ECG 
 UPDRS 
 Blood samples for chemistry and hematology (Na, K, Cl, HCO3, blood glucose, 
BUN, creatinine, GFR, AST, ALT, total bilirubin, Alkaline phosphatase, GGT, 
CBC with differential and platelets) 
 Urinalysis 
 OABQ 
 3-day VD assessment 
 PPBC 
 CQ 


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 UPDRS-6 
 MoCA 
 Map Search 
 Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) 
 Trail Making Test (TMT) parts A and B 
 Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) 
 Beck Depression Inventory version II (BDI-II) 
 Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) 
 Parkinson Fatigue Scale (PFS) 
 Parkinson’s Impact Scale (PIMS) 
 
If a subject at any point during the study requests to withdraw from treatment, they 
should return for an early termination visit. The procedures of visit 7 and visit 8 can be 
combined in a single visit for early termination subjects. It would be desirable that 
subjects continue to receive study drug until early termination procedures can be 
completed. 
 
3.9.8 Safety follow up visit (Visit 8; Day 84+14) 
 
The purpose of this visit will be to ensure lack of any delayed adverse events. These 
procedures can be combined with visit 7 for early termination subjects who request 
withdrawal from treatment. 
 
 Concomitant medications 
 Adverse events 
 Vital signs, weight, height, and orthostatics 
 Physical Examination 
 Neurological Examination 
 Urological Examination 
 Urinalysis 
 UPDRS 
 PVR 
 PPBC 
 Serum pregnancy test (SPT) for WOCP 
 
The urologic examination, PVR, and urinalysis may be obtained at a separate visit, within 
the 3 days preceding scheduled Visit 8. 
 
3.9.9 Unscheduled visit 


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Unscheduled visits can be conducted at the Investigator’s discretion. Procedures during 
these visits will be focused to the problem that precipitated the visit. If a subject develops 
intolerable side effects during the treatment period, but wishes to continue in the study, 
he/she may come in for an unscheduled visit. A dose reduction is permitted only once 
during treatment and only after the dose escalation to mirabegron daily dose of 50 mg vs. 
placebo. The dose can be decreased at that time to 25 mg of mirabegron vs. placebo. 
Subjects that require such dose reduction will be receiving one tablet daily. Further dose 
reductions will not be permitted, and, if deemed necessary, subjects will be brought in for 
early termination. 
 
Changes in the antiparkinsonian agents or cognitive enhancers will only be permitted to a 
limited degree, and only if, in the opinion of the investigator, are not likely to alter the 
outcome measures of the study. Naturally, if these medication changes are triggered by 
worsening of the PD or cognitive symptoms, such worsening will have to be logged as an 
adverse event or serious adverse event as appropriate. 
 
3.10 
Efficacy Assessments 
 
3.10.1  Procedures related to primary end point (cognitive tolerability) 
 
3.10.1.1 
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Appendix II) 
 
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)23 is a brief cognitive battery, designed 
initially as a screening instrument for mild cognitive dysfunction. It has been 
standardized for use in Parkinson disease24, and normative data have been developed with 
proposed cut-offs for both mild cognitive impairment and dementia.26 It is generally 
sensitive to mild cognitive difficulties common in PD even in the absence of dementia. It 
assesses the following cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive 
function, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, 
and orientation. Three versions are available to improve test-retest reliability and reduce 
practice effect. Time to administer the MoCA is approximately 10 minutes. The total 
possible score is 30 points; a score of 26 or above is considered normal. A one-point 
correction is added for education of less than 13 years. 
 
3.10.1.2 
Map Search 
 
Map Search is a test of selective attention, developed as one of the components of Tests 
for Everyday Attention (TEA).29 It is a 2-minute, timed task that involves searching a 
map for a target symbol among competing and irrelevant distracters. Subjects are 


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instructed to circle as many of the target symbols as possible. By the use of different 
colored pens the number of target symbols circled in 1 minute versus the total for 2 
minutes can be counted. There are 80 of each type of symbol.  
 
3.10.1.3 
Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) 
 
The HVLT is a validated test of episodic verbal memory.30 The revised HVLT-R will be 
utilized for this study.31 It consists of a 12-item word list derived from three semantic 
categories, 4 words for each category. Categories are generally simple, straightforward 
and of common usage, e.g. ‘precious stones’, ‘animals’, etc. One of five available forms 
will be randomly administered to each subject as per the standard instructions. The list is 
read to the subject on three consecutive learning trials. After each trial, subjects are asked 
to recall the words. A delayed recall trial follows 20–25 minutes after the third learning 
trial. Finally, subjects are presented with a 24-word list composed from the 12 original 
words together with 12 novel, distractor words, and are asked to respond with ‘yes’ or 
‘no’ to the question of which words were part of the original list. The following scores 
will be calculated: (a) sum of words correctly recalled on the three learning trials, (b) 
number of words recalled on the delayed recall trial, and (c) recognition discrimination 
index (true positive minus false positive responses). 
 
3.10.1.4 
Trail Making Test (parts A and B) 
 
The Trail Making Test (TMT) is a measure of attention, speed and mental flexibility.32 It 
requires the subject to connect, by making pencil lines, 25 encircled numbers randomly 
arranged on a page in proper order (Part A) and 25 encircled numbers and letters in 
alternating order (Part B). Subjects are presented with one example prior to the 
administration of each part. Mistakes are counted and the subject is told when they have 
made a mistake by the examiner, and are directed to correct the mistake. The time to 
complete each part in seconds is the main measure obtained from this test. No penalty is 
given for mistakes. 
 
3.10.2 Procedures related to secondary end points  
 
3.10.2.1 
Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OABQ – Appendix III) 
 
Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by symptoms of urinary frequency and 
urgency, with and without incontinence. The Overactive Bladder Questionnaire33 
(OABQ) is a 33-item, self-administered instrument that contains a symptom bother scale 
(8 items to be administered during visits 1, 3, 5, 6, and 7) and a health-related quality of 
life scale (HRQL-to be administered during visits 3 and 7), pertaining to OAB symptoms 


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impact on HRQL. The OABQ was developed from an initial version of 62 items to its 
final form and has been shown to be a valid and reliable instrument in distinguishing 
normal from clinically diagnosed continent and incontinent patients. In addition to 
measuring the severity of symptom bother, the OABQ is also useful in quantifying the 
negative impact of both continent and incontinent symptoms on HRQL. This instrument 
has been used as an efficacy outcome in the pivotal randomized clinical trials of 
mirabegron, and the drug’s efficacy was indeed accurately reflected in the instrument. 
The OABQ has also been studied and found useful in PD. 34 
 
3.10.2.2 
3-Day Voiding Diary (Appendix IV) 
 
A 3-day voiding diary will be implemented to collect additional efficacy measures of 
average daily incontinence episodes, micturition frequency, and volume voided per 
micturition. Subjects will be trained in the diary completion. A toilet hat will be supplied 
for volume measurement. Subjects are instructed to record the times of every voiding 
event during three consecutive days; amount voided with each event; instances of leaking 
including incontinence; whether there was associated urge to void with any voiding 
event; and, whether they had to get out of bed to void. 
 
3.10.2.3 
Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC – Appendix V) 
 
The PPBC is a validated, patient-reported, single question measure of OAB severity.35 
This measure has demonstrated validity, but also good responsiveness to change. It 
consists of one single question with 6 possible answers, in which the subject is asked to 
indicate if his or her bladder dysfunction cause him or her no problems at all, or very 
minor, minor, moderate, severe, or very severe problems. 
 
3.10.2.4 
Parkinson’s Impact Scale (PIMS – Appendix VI) 
 
There are 10 areas (self, feelings, family, community, work, travel, leisure, safety, 
financial security and sexuality) in the validated, self-reported, Parkinson’s Impact Scale 
(PIMS)36, with four identified factors: 
 psychological 
 social 
 physical 
 financial 
 
Subjects are asked to consider how much impact their Parkinson’s symptoms have had on 
each area of the PIMS, scored from 0 to 4 points. There is a maximum possible score of 
40, with higher scores indicating greater impact. This is one of six quality of life scales 


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recommended by the Movement Disorder Society for use in Parkinson’s Disease. 
Administration time is approximately 5-10 minutes. 
 
3.10.2.5 
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (Appendix VII) 
 
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale has been used repeatedly in PD and is one of the best 
available methods to measure excessive daytime sleepiness in these patients.37,38 It is 
comprised of 8 everyday activities (such as ‘Watching TV’) and the respondent is to 
determine the chance of dozing or sleeping during the activity. There are four possible 
responses ranging from 0 to 3 points. The maximum possible score is 24, with higher 
scores indicating a greater chance of dozing or sleeping during activities. Self-reported 
administration times is approximately less than 5 minutes. 
 
3.10.2.6 
Parkinson’s Fatigue Scale (Appendix VIII) 
 
The Parkinson’s Fatigue Scale39 is a 16-item self-report instrument designed to measure 
the physical aspects of fatigue and its impact on the patient’s daily function.  Each item 
has four possible responses ranging from 1 to 5 points, with higher scores indicating 
greater fatigue. An average score of greater or equal to 2.95 optimally distinguished those 
who experienced fatigue from those who did not. Administration time is approximately 
5-10 minutes.  
 
3.10.3 Procedures related to exploratory analyses 
 
3.10.3.1 
Orthostatic Blood Pressure and Heart Rate measurements 
 
Supine blood pressures (systolic and diastolic) will be obtained after 5 minutes of 
reclining, along with heart rate. Immediately following these measurements the subject 
will arise to full standing position, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart 
rate will be obtained at 3 minutes after arising. Supine measurements will be obtained 
with the subject reclining with the head elevated at 30o from the horizontal. If the 
investigator determines that the subject will be unable to stand for 3 minutes, then 
standing measurements will be obtained as close to the 3 minute time as possible. Blood 
pressure measurements will be obtained manually using a sphygmomanometer, always 
using the same side upper extremity for each subject (either left or right, but always the 
same side in the same subject).40  
 
Heart rate will be manually counted for 30 seconds in the radial artery on the same side, 
and will be obtained after the blood pressure measurement. Presence of orthostatic 
hypotension will be documented for a drop in systolic blood pressure equal or greater 


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than 20 mm Hg, or in diastolic blood pressure equal or greater than 10 mm Hg. 
Symptomatic orthostatic hypotension will be documented if the subject also experiences 
presyncopal or syncopal symptoms. 
 
3.10.3.2 
Beck Depression Inventory version II (BDI-II – Appendix IX) 
 
The Beck Depression Inventory41 (BDI) has been used in a number of studies in 
Parkinson’s disease and is an established screening tool that reliably discriminates 
depression from anxiety in various populations. It consists of 21 questions scored from 0-
3 with higher scores indicating greater severity; a total score of all 21 questions provides 
an indicator of depressive symptomatology. Administration time is approximately 5-10 
minutes. Interpretation guidelines for the BDI41,42:  
0-9 
Normal range 
10-15 Minimal depressive symptomatology 
16-19 Mild-moderate depressive symptomatology 
20-29 Moderate-to-severe depressive symptomatology 
30-63 Severe depressive symptomatology 
Scores greater than 15 may indicate symptoms of depression which may impair cognitive 
abilities. 
 
 
3.10.3.3 
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI – Appendix X) 
 
The Beck Anxiety Inventory43 (BAI) was developed to address the need for an instrument 
that would reliably discriminate anxiety from depression while displaying convergent 
validity. The scale consists of 21 items, each describing a common symptom of anxiety. 
The respondent is asked to rate how much he or she has been bothered by each symptom 
over the past week on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 to 3. The items are summed to 
obtain a total score that can range from 0 to 63 (higher scores indicate greater anxiety). 
The scale has high internal consistency and item-total correlations ranging from .30 to .71 
(median=.60). Administration time is approximately 5-10 minutes.   
 
3.10.3.4 
Constipation Questions (CQ – Appendix XI)  
 
Subjects will be asked a series of 6 questions to establish if they meet the Rome II criteria 
for constipation.44  The Rome II committee defined functional constipation as occurrence 
of 2 or more of the symptoms listed in Appendix XI for at least 12 weeks, which need not 
be consecutive, in the preceding 12 months and in the absence of structural and 
biochemical explanation. The criteria exclude subjects presenting with loose stool 
episodes and irritable bowel syndrome. For the purpose of this study, the reference period 
will be the preceding 2 weeks to conform with the timeline of the study. The questions 
will be administered by the investigator or designee. 
 


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3.10.3.5 
Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) – Appendix XII 
 
The UPDRS assesses motor and functional abilities of the subjects.45 The total UPDRS 
will be completed (defined for this study as the sum of Parts I, II, III, and IV (I-
Mentation, behavior, and mood section; II-Activities of Daily Living (ADL); III-motor 
section; and IV-complications section) will be completed by history and examination. 
The UPDRS parts III and IV evaluation will be conducted by a trained neurologist or 
other senior trained research staff with at least 10 years’ experience in conducting the 
UPDRS. All attempts will be made to ensure that the same trained research staff member 
performs the UPDRS parts III and IV at all visits for each subject and at approximately 
the same time of the day and time following administration of medication. The UPDRS 
parts I and II may be completed by trained research staff as delegated by the PI.  
 
3.10.3.6 
Excessive Salivation Question (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating 
Scale Question 6 - UPDRS-6) – Appendix XII 
 
This is question 6 on the UPDRS45 which refers specifically to excessive salivation. It is 
rated 0-4 and can be self-administered. 
 
3.11 
Safety assessments 
 
3.11.1 Physical Examination and Neurological Examination 
 
A complete physical exam (consisting of a review of all body systems) and neurological 
exam (including evaluation of mental status; motor function; balance and coordination; 
sensory function; reflexes and cranial nerves) at screening and end of treatment/early 
termination (visit 7) will be conducted by the study neurologist (primary investigator or 
sub-investigator). On other visits (baseline, dose escalation (visit 5), follow-up (visit 8) 
and unscheduled visit) a symptom-directed physical and neurological exam will be 
performed by the study neurologist. 
 
3.11.2 12-Lead Electrocardiography 
 
12-lead ECG’s will be performed to evaluate the cardiovascular system. A standard 12-
lead ECG will be performed at screening, dose escalation (visit 5) and end of 
treatment/early termination (visit 7). Additional ECGs will be performed if clinically 
indicated. ECGs will be conducted after approximately 5 minutes supine or recumbent 
rest using a standard ECG machine equipped with computer-based interval 
measurements. 
 


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The Investigator is responsible for evaluating the ECG. ECG findings will be assessed by 
the Investigator as normal, abnormal not clinically significant (NCS), or abnormal 
clinically significant (CS), as appropriate. All abnormalities, whether assessed as 
clinically significant or not, will be recorded. The ECG tracing should be initialed and 
dated by the Investigator. 
 
3.11.3 Urologic examination 
 
The urologist will exam the subject for organic causes of OAB and to determine if the 
subject has bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). The urologist will also perform cystoscopy 
during screening and obtain post-void residuals. 
 
3.11.4 Post-void Residual (PVR) 
 
The post-void residual (PVR) urine test measures the amount of urine left in the bladder 
after urination. The test is used to help evaluate incontinence in women and men, 
problems with urination, and benign prostatic hyperplasia. The amount of leftover 
(residual) urine will be measured using cystoscopy or ultrasound. 
 
3.11.5 Vital signs and weight 
 
Blood pressure and heart rate will be measured as described in section 3.10.3.1. Height 
will be performed at screening only and weight will be measured at all visits. 
 
3.11.6 Clinical laboratory parameters 
 
The safety laboratory tests (hematology, chemistry and urinalysis tests) will be performed 
as general measures of health. Methodist Hospital Laboratory services will be responsible 
for testing of all laboratory samples. Instructions will be included in the laboratory 
manual.  Any clinically important abnormal laboratory values noted at the Screening visit 
will be recorded as medical history. In addition, in order for the Sponsor to collect 
additional information about clinically important laboratory abnormalities, at minimum, 
the following laboratory abnormalities should be captured at Unscheduled Visits or End 
of Treatment/Early Term on the non-serious or serious AE pages of the CRF as 
appropriate: 
 
 Any laboratory test result that meets the criteria for an AE or SAE; 
 Any laboratory abnormality that requires the subject to have study drug 
discontinued or interrupted; 


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 Any laboratory abnormality that requires the subject to receive specific corrective 
therapy. 
 
All clinically important abnormal laboratory tests occurring during the study will be 
repeated in appropriate intervals until (1) the value returns to Baseline, (2) the value is 
judged to be clinically acceptable by the Investigator, (3) a diagnosis that explains the 
abnormal laboratory is made or (4) subject is lost to follow-up. When possible, the 
Investigator should report the clinical rather than the laboratory term (e.g., anemia versus 
low hemoglobin.) 
 
4.0 ADVERSE AND SERIOUS ADVERSE EVENT REPORTING 
 
The two categories of adverse reactions that will be reported to the FDA for review on 
form 3500A are “serious and unexpected” and “unexpected fatal or life threatening”, 
which are assessed by the Principal Investigator as Possibly Related, Probably Related or 
Definitely Related to the study drug. Serious and unexpected events will be submitted to 
the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) for review within 15 days 
of learning of the event. Unexpected fatal or life threatening events will be submitted to 
the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) for review within 7 days of 
learning of the event. 
 
Serious Adverse Event (SAE): An adverse event is considered serious if, in the view of 
the Medical Monitor, it results in any of the following outcomes: 
 Death. 
 A life-threatening adverse event. 
 Inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization (for >24 
hours). 
 A persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to 
conduct normal life functions. 
 A congenital anomaly/birth defect. 
 Important Medical Events (IME) that may not result in death, be life threatening, 
or require hospitalization may be considered a serious adverse drug experience 
when, based upon medical judgment, they may jeopardize the subject and may 
require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed in 
this definition 
 
Life-threatening adverse event or life-threatening suspected adverse reaction: An 
adverse event or suspected adverse reaction is considered "life threatening" if, in the view 
of either the Principal Investigator or the Medical Monitor, its occurrence places the 


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subject at immediate risk of death. It does not include an adverse event or suspected 
adverse reaction that, had it occurred in a more severe form, might have caused death. 
 
AE Identification: The NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 
(CTCAE) provides a descriptive terminology that is to be utilized for AE reporting. The 
grading (severity) scale which is provided for each AE term will be used to grade the 
severity of the event. For this study, CTCAE version 4 will be used.  
 
Attribution: An assessment of the relationship between the AE and the study drug. After 
naming and grading the event, the Medical Monitor will assign an attribution to the AE. 
Attributions include:  
 
 Unrelated 
 Unlikely Related  
 Possibly Related 
 Probably Related   
 Definitely Related 
 
Expectedness: An adverse event or suspected adverse reaction is considered 
"unexpected" if it is not consistent with the risk information described in the general 
investigational plan or elsewhere in the current protocol. For this study, the risks listed in 
the Myrbetriq® package insert will be used to determine expectedness (Appendix I). The 
Principal Investigator will be contacted as soon as possible after an event is identified at 
612-993-5495 during regular business hours or paged at 612-818-5336 after regular 
business hours. The Principal Investigator is responsible for AE identification, 
documentation, grading and assignment of attribution to the study drug or the study 
procedures. The completed FDA 3500A form will be submitted to the following address 
for review: 
 
Food and Drug Administration 
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research 
Division of Drug Oncology Products 
5901-B Ammendale Road 
Beltsville, MD 20705-1266 
 
Reports will contain patient initials, age, sex, and specific information regarding the 
event. 
 
All adverse events will be recorded in a study specific Adverse Event (AE) log. Written 
reports to the DSMC and the PN IRB will be submitted according to the PN IRB 


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Unanticipated Problems Involving Risks to Participants or Others (UPIRTSO) policy and 
only those events that meet the criteria of a UPIRTSO will be promptly reported the IRB 
within 10 calendar days of learning of the event.  
 
5.0 DATA AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN 
 
An external data safety and monitoring committee (DSMC) will monitor the safety of 
study participants. The PI will report all adverse events to the DSMC that include 
clinically significant changes in physical exams, abnormal laboratory values and post 
study adverse events. Subject hospitalizations and all adverse events reported to the PN 
IRB will be reviewed by the DSMC. Interim analysis will be available to the DSMC after 
15 participants have complete data and then again at study completion. The study 
biostatistician for this study will prepare the data for review by the committee and attend 
the DSMC meetings.  
 
The study will be monitored according to FDA/GCP guidelines. The PI will allocate 
adequate time for such monitoring activities. The PI will also ensure that the Park 
Nicollet Institute study monitors and other compliance or quality assurance reviewers are 
given access to all the above noted study-related documents and study related facilities 
and have adequate space to conduct the monitoring. Work standards to monitor study 
procedures and data collection will be in accordance with Park Nicollet Institute internal 
investigator-initiated study audit policy and procedures. 
 
6.0 
STUDY DRUG SUPPLY 
Study drug will be provided to study subjects free of charge. 
 
6.1  
Mirabegron 
 
Mirabegron extended-release tablets will be supplied as 25 mg oval, brown, film coated 
tablets. Matching placebo will also be supplied. 
 
6.1.1 Drug Manufacturer 
 
Astellas Pharma US, Inc. 
1 Astellas Way 
Northbrook, Illinois 60062-6111 
 
6.1.1.1 Distribution and Shipment 
 


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Study drug (mirabegron and placebo) will be shipped to study site by Astellas Pharma 
US, Inc. 
 
All study drugs and materials will be packed in appropriate storage boxes. If, upon arrival 
at the study site, the study drugs appear to be damaged, the sponsor will be contacted 
immediately. 
 
Each shipment of study drugs for the study will contain a shipment form describing the 
content of shipment. This form will assist in maintaining current and accurate inventory 
records. When a shipment is received, the coordinator will acknowledge receipt of the 
study drugs by signing and dating the relevant shipping documents. 
 
6.1.2 Known Potential Toxicities 
 
The most frequent adverse events (0.2%) leading to discontinuation in 3 clinical trials for 
the 25 mg or 50 mg dose were nausea, headache, hypertension, diarrhea, constipation, 
dizziness and tachycardia. 
 
Atrial fibrillation (0.2%) and prostate cancer (0.1%) were reported as serious adverse 
events by more than 1 patient and at a rate greater than placebo. 
 
Table 2 lists adverse reactions, derived from all adverse events that were reported in 3 
clinical trials at an incidence greater than placebo and in 1% or more of patients treated 
with mirabegron 25 mg or 50 mg once daily for up to 12 weeks. The most commonly 
reported adverse reactions (greater than 2% of Myrbetriq patients and greater than 
placebo) were hypertension, nasopharyngitis, urinary tract infection and headache. 
 
Table 2 Percentages of Patients with Adverse Reactions, Derived from All Adverse 
Events, Exceeding Placebo Rate and Reported by 1% or More Patients Treated With 
mirabegron 25 mg or 50 mg Once Daily in 3 Clinical Trials 
 
Placebo (%) 
Mirabegron 25 mg 
(%) 
Mirabegron 50 mg 
(%) 
Number of patients 
1380 
432 
1375 
Hypertension* 
7.6 
11.3 
7.5 
Nasopharyngitis 
2.5 
3.5 
3.9 
Urinary Tract 
Infection 
1.8 
4.2 
2.9 
Headache 
3.0 
2.1 
3.2 
Constipation 
1.4 
1.6 
1.6 
Upper Respiratory 
Tract Infection 
1.7 
2.1 
1.5 
Arthralgia 
1.1 
1.6 
1.3 


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Diarrhea 
1.3 
1.2 
1.5 
Tachycardia 
0.6 
1.6 
1.2 
Abdominal Pain 
0.7 
1.4 
0.6 
Fatigue 
1.0 
1.4 
1.2 
*Includes reports of blood pressure above the normal range, and BP increased from baseline, occurring 
predominantly in subjects with baseline hypertension. 
 
Other adverse reactions reported by less than 1% of patients treated with mirabegron in 
clinical trials included: 
 
 Cardiac disorders: palpitations, blood pressure increased  
 Eye Disorders: glaucoma  
 Gastrointestinal disorders: dyspepsia, gastritis, abdominal distension 
 Infections and Infestations: sinusitis, rhinitis 
 Investigations: GGT increased, AST increased, ALT increased, LDH increased 
 Renal and urinary disorders: nephrolithiasis, bladder pain 
 Reproductive system and breast disorders: vulvovaginal pruritis, vaginal infection 
 Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: urticaria, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, rash, 
pruritus, purpura, lip edema 
 
Table 3 lists the rates of the most commonly reported adverse reactions, derived from all 
adverse events in patients treated with mirabegron 50 mg for up to 52 weeks in a fourth 
clinical trial. The most commonly reported adverse reactions (>3% of Myrbetriq patients) 
were hypertension, urinary tract infection, headache, and nasopharyngitis. 
 
Table 3 Percentages of Patients with Adverse Reactions, Derived from all Adverse 
Events, Reported by Greater Than 2% of Patients Treated With Myrbetriq 50 mg Once 
Daily in Study 4 
 
Mirabegron 50 mg (%) 
Active Control (%) 
Number of patients 
812 
812 
Hypertension 
9.2 
9.6 
Urinary Tract Infection 
5.9 
6.4 
Headache 
4.1 
2.5 
Nasopharyngitis 
3.9 
3.1 
Back Pain 
2.8 
1.6 
Constipation 
2.8 
2.7 
Dry Mouth 
2.8 
8.6 
Dizziness 
2.7 
2.6 
Sinusitis 
2.7 
1.5 
Influenza 
2.6 
3.4 
Arthralgia 
2.1 
2.0 
Cystitis 
2.1 
2.3 


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In Study 4, in patients treated with Myrbetriq 50 mg once daily, adverse reactions leading 
to discontinuation reported by more than 2 patients and at a rate greater than active 
control included: constipation (0.9%), headache (0.6%), dizziness (0.5%), hypertension 
(0.5%), dry eyes (0.4%), nausea (0.4%), vision blurred (0.4%), and urinary tract infection 
(0.4%). Serious adverse events reported by at least 2 patients and exceeding active 
control included cerebrovascular accident (0.4%) and osteoarthritis (0.2%). Serum 
ALT/AST increased from baseline by greater than 10-fold in 2 patients (0.3%) taking 
Myrbetriq 50 mg, and these markers subsequently returned to baseline while both 
patients continued Myrbetriq.  
 
In the fourth clinical trial, serious adverse events of neoplasm were reported by 0.1%, 
1.3%, and 0.5% of patients treated with mirabegron 50 mg, mirabegron 100 mg and 
active control once daily, respectively. Neoplasms reported by 2 patients treated with 
mirabegron 100 mg included breast cancer, lung neoplasm malignant and prostate cancer. 
 
In a separate clinical study in Japan, a single case was reported as Stevens-Johnson 
syndrome with increased serum ALT, AST and bilirubin in a patient taking mirabegron 
100 mg as well as an herbal medication (Kyufu Gold). 
 
6.1.2.1 Postmarketing Experience 
 
Because these spontaneously reported events are from the worldwide postmarketing 
experience, from a population of uncertain size, the frequency of events and the role of 
mirabegron in their causation cannot be reliably determined. Urinary retention has been 
reported in association with mirabegron use in worldwide postmarketing experience. 
 
6.1.3 Known Key Drug Interactions 
 
Drug interaction studies were conducted to investigate the effect of co-administered 
drugs on the pharmacokinetics of mirabegron and the effect of mirabegron on the 
pharmacokinetics of co-administered drugs (e.g., ketoconazole, rifampin, solifenacin, 
tamsulosin, and oral contraceptives). No dose adjustment is recommended when these 
drugs are co-administered with mirabegron. 
 
The following are drug interactions which are listed as prohibited medications: 
 
6.1.3.1 Drugs Metabolized by CYP2D6 
 


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Since mirabegron is a moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor, the systemic exposure of drugs 
metabolized by CYP2D6 enzyme such as metoprolol and desipramine is increased when 
co-administered with mirabegron. Therefore, appropriate monitoring and dose adjustment 
may be necessary when Myrbetriq is co-administered with these drugs, especially with 
narrow therapeutic index CYP2D6 substrates, such as thioridazine, flecainide, and 
propafenone. Subjects on CYP2D6 inhibitors will not be allowed to participate in the 
study. Subjects receiving drugs which are partly metabolized via CYP2D6, but which do 
not require dose adjustment when co-administered with CYP2D6 inhibitors will be 
allowed in the study at the discretion of the PI. 
 
6.1.3.2 Digoxin 
 
When given in combination, mirabegron increased mean digoxin Cmax from 1.01 to 1.3 
ng/mL (29%) and AUC from 16.7 to 19.3 ng.h/mL (27%). Therefore, for patients who 
are initiating a combination of mirabegron and digoxin, the lowest dose for digoxin 
should initially be considered. Serum digoxin concentrations should be monitored and 
used for titration of the digoxin dose to obtain the desired clinical effect. Subjects on 
digoxin will be allowed in the study at the Principal Investigators discretion. 
 
6.1.3.3 Warfarin 
 
The mean Cmax of S- and R-warfarin was increased by approximately 4% and AUC by 
approximately 9% when administered as a single dose of 25 mg after multiple doses of 
100 mg mirabegron. Following a single dose administration of 25 mg warfarin, 
mirabegron had no effect on the warfarin pharmacodynamic endpoints such as 
International Normalized Ratio (INR) and prothrombin time. However, the effect of 
mirabegron on multiple doses of warfarin and on warfarin pharmacodynamic end points 
such as INR and prothrombin time has not been fully investigated. Subjects on warfarin 
will be allowed in the study at the Principal Investigators discretion. 
 
6.1.4  Storage 
 
Study drug will be stored in a secure, locked storage cabinet at room temperature (15°C 
to 30°C (59-86°F)). The cabinet temperature is monitored daily. 
 
Only authorized personnel will have access to the study drugs. Study site personnel will 
be responsible for correct storage and handling of the study drugs. The study drugs will 
be dispensed by the study coordinator, under the supervision of the PI.  
 
6.1.5 Formulation of study drug 


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Each Myrbetriq extended release tablet for oral administration contains 25 mg of 
mirabegron as the active ingredient, and the following inactive ingredients: polyethylene 
oxide, polyethylene glycol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, butylated hydroxytoluene, 
magnesium stearate, hypromellose, yellow ferric oxide, and red ferric oxide (25 mg tablet 
only). Matching placebo will contain the same inactive ingredients and have the same 
appearance as the active study drug, but will not contain mirabegron. 
 
6.1.6 Route and administration 
 
Each subject will take one to two tablets of Myrbetriq or matching placebo as follows: 
All subjects will receive one tablet of placebo daily for the first two weeks following 
baseline visit (visit 2). After randomization (visit 3), participants randomized to placebo 
will continue to receive one tablet of placebo daily until dose escalation (visit 5). At the 
dose escalation visit (visit 5), subjects randomized to placebo will take two placebo 
tablets until the end of active treatment (visit 7).  Participants randomized to study drug 
will receive one Myrbetriq 25 mg tablet daily for two weeks, until dose escalation (visit 
5). At the dose escalation visit (visit 5), subjects randomized to active treatment will have 
their regimen changed to 2 Myrbetriq 25 mg tablets daily until end of the active treatment 
phase (visit 7). Thus, all subjects will be receiving one or two identical appearing tablets 
daily for the entire active treatment phase. Subjects will remain blinded to treatment 
(placebo vs. active) for all 14 weeks of treatment. 
 
Subjects will be instructed to take the tablets together, at the same time every morning, in 
one single dose. The tablets can be taken one at a time, with water, and can be taken with 
food or on empty stomach. Tablets should be swallowed whole and should not be 
chewed, cut, or crushed. To avoid confusion, subjects will be explained that although the 
Myrbetriq package insert instructs patients to only take one tablet a day, in this study they 
will be asked to take one to two tablets a day. 
 
6.1.7 Dose schedule 
 
Table 4 describes the daily dose schedule during each portion of the active treatment 
phase, by treatment assignment.  
 
Table 4. Daily dose schedule 
Treatment 
Assignment 
From visit 1 
to visit 2 
From visit 2 
to visit 3 
From visit 3 
to visit 5 
From visit 5 
to visit 7 
From visit 7 
to visit 8 
Active Drug 
Group 
none 
1 placebo 
1 Myrbetriq 
2 Myrbetriq 
none 


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Placebo 
Group 
none 
1 placebo 
1 placebo 
2 placebo 
none 
 
6.1.8 Dose increase / Dose reduction 
 
One scheduled dose increase will occur for the active treatment group subjects as 
described above at visit 5. Dose de-escalations will not be allowed prior to dose 
escalation (visit 5). If the subject is not tolerating study drug prior to dose escalation then 
the Principal Investigator will consider their withdrawal from the study. One dose de-
escalation will be allowed after the dose escalation has taken place (visit 5). Thus, 
subjects in both treatment groups will be allowed to reduce their daily dose to 1 tablet 
daily, at the discretion of the Investigator. No re-escalations will be allowed due to the 
short duration of the study. If subjects cannot tolerate 1 tablet a day, then the Principal 
Investigator will consider withdrawal of the subject from the study. 
 
6.1.9 Drug accountability 
 
The investigator is responsible for the control of study drugs under investigation. 
Adequate records of the receipt and disposition of the study drug must be maintained. 
 
Study drug accountability records should contain the following information: 
 Shipment number, kit numbers, batch number, number of kits and date received 
for all shipments of study drug received by the site. 
 Subject number, medication kit number, the date, batch number, and quantity of 
study drug dispensed to AND returned by the subject (when applicable). 
 Kits numbers, batch number, number of kits (undispensed study drug) or number 
of tablets (returned study drug) for all study drug returned to the Sponsor. 
 
6.1.10 Subject compliance  
 
Subjects will be instructed to bring their medication kit, including used and unused 
bottles, with them every post baseline visit during the treatment phase for compliance and 
accountability checks. During each study visit (visits 3-7), the investigator and/or site 
coordinator will assess the subject’s compliance with the prescribed regimen for the study 
medication. This will include checks of protocol compliance and use of study drug in 
order to assess the reliability of subject-generated data. Subjects who fail to comply with 
the study requirements may be withdrawn from the study. 
 
Compliance with the dosing regimen will be determined by performing study drug 
accountability of returned study drugs used and unused. The number of used, unused and 


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lost tablets will be recorded in the study drug accountability records and the CRF by site 
personnel at every visit during the treatment phase. 
 
A subject will be considered non-compliant if he/she misses more than 4 doses of study 
medication within a 28 day period (less than 85% compliance) but not on the last week 
prior to a visit – unacceptable noncompliance will be reported to the Medical Monitor. 
Examples of acceptable reasons for missing a dose are 1) if a subject develops an adverse 
event that the Investigator believes requires the subject’s dose to be held, or 2) if a 
subject loses their kit of study medication and a replacement kit is requested. 
 
6.1.11 Prior and concomitant medications 
 
All concomitant medication that the subject is taking from the screening visit should be 
recorded on the concomitant medications log. In addition, any changes in concomitant 
medication or new medications added, including as a result of an inter-current illness 
must be recorded in the case report forms at each visit. 
 
6.1.12 Prohibited medications 
 
The following medications will not be allowed during study participation. If treatment 
with one of these agents is clinically necessary, then subjects will have to be withdrawn 
from the study: 
 CYP2D6 substrates that are significantly metabolized by CYP2D6 (Atomoxetine, 
desipramine, dextromethorphan, metoprolol, nebivolol, perphenazine, tolterodine, 
venlafaxine). Medications metabolized by CYP2D6 in small proportion, such that 
no dosage adjustment is necessary when co-administered with CYP2D6 inhibitors 
will be allowed at PIs discretion. 
 Antidopaminergic agents (e.g. all neuroleptics, metoclopramide). 
 Anticholinergic antiparkinsonian agents (e.g. trihexyphenidyl, benztropine, 
orphenadrine): such agents will be allowed if a subject has been on a stable dose 
for 30 days prior to screening; however, such medications will not be allowed to 
be initiated during the study. Dose adjustment or discontinuation will be at the 
discretion of the Principal Investigator. 
 All other antiparkinsonian agents will be allowed, if, in the opinion of the 
Principal Investigator they will not affect the outcome measures. 
 Antimuscarinic agents used to treat overactive bladder. 
 Cognitive enhancers (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine and memantine) will 
be allowed, only if the subject has been on these medications and on stable dose 
for 30 days prior to screening. Dose adjustment or discontinuation will be at the 
discretion of the Principal Investigator. 


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 Any other medications that, in the opinion of the Principal Investigator, may alter 
the outcome measures may be prohibited from the study. 
 
If treatment with one of the prohibited medications is medically necessary during the 
study, then, in consideration of subject’s interests, subject may be withdrawn from the 
study. 
 
6.1.13  Blinding and Unblinding 
 
Blinding will be maintained during the entire study. The investigators, study 
coordinators, monitors, analysis and data management will all be blinded to the subject 
assignment. The blind will be held by the statistician and the PI has the authority to 
unblind a subject. 
 
7.0 
DATA ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL METHODS 
 
7.1 
Sample size 
 
As this is a pilot study, no formal sample size calculation was performed. For feasibility 
reasons, a total of 30 participants will be enrolled with 10 in the placebo group and 20 in 
the active treatment group. 
 
7.2 
Randomization 
 
The randomization scheme will be prepared by the study statistician per standard 
statistical procedures.  Randomization will be a 2:1 ratio between mirabegron and 
placebo, and aim at equivalent sex distribution in the active treatment and placebo 
groups. 
 
7.3 
Analysis population 
 
The analysis population is based on intent-to-treat and will consist of all participants who 
received at least one dose during the double-blind placebo-controlled phase.  Participants 
who withdraw from the study or are withdrawn by the study PI will be described by 
screening/baseline characteristics, but excluded from analyses.  
 
7.4 
Data summary 
 
Data will be collected on case report forms for each participant at each visit and double-
entered into a secure study database.  A quality check of data will occur after the first five 


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records and prior to analysis, looking for out-of-range values and inconsistent data.  The 
study statistician will conduct additional quality checks prior to data analyses including 
consistency between rounds of data entry, checking for duplicate entries, truncation of 
data, out-of-range values, inconsistent data and amount of missing data.  Data 
discrepancies will be resolved and documented prior to data analysis.  Missing data will 
not be imputed.  After quality checks have been completed, a final database will be 
created with proper formatting and any appropriate mathematical algorithms applied 
including change from randomization visit (Visit 3).  
 
Descriptive summaries will be generated for all demographic and clinical variables by 
study visit and treatment group including number, mean, median, standard deviation, 
minimum and maximum for continuous variables and number and percent for categorical 
variables.  Summaries for change from randomization visit will also be generated.  The 
number and screening/baseline characteristics of withdrawn participants will be recorded.   
 
Subgroups for analyses may include treatment group, time point/study visit, age group 
and sex.  A significance level of 0.05 will be used throughout with no adjustment for 
multiplicity.  Normality will be tested throughout using the Shapiro-Wilk test.  All 
analyses will be conducted on the final dataset in SAS version 9.3 or higher.  
 
7.4.1 Summary of primary outcome data 
 
The primary objective of this experimental protocol is to assess cognitive tolerability of 
mirabegron while treating OAB symptoms in patients with PD and CI. The hypothesis is 
that mirabegron will not impact cognitive impairment.  The goal is to demonstrate 
equivalent cognitive impairment prior to and following treatment with mirabegron as 
well as change compared to the placebo group.  To assess this primary objective, a test of 
equivalence will be performed using the two one-sided tests approach on change from 
visit 3 to visit 7 in MoCA total score within groups as well as between the two groups. 
Normality will be assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test and the appropriate t-test or non-
parametric alternative will be used. The equivalence range will be set at (-2, 2).  
 
Other measures of cognitive impairment will follow similar analyses, but will not be 
considered the primary endpoint.  Equivalence ranges will be determined for each 
measure based on available literature prior to data analysis. 
 
7.4.2 Summary of efficacy data 
 
The first secondary objective of this project is to assess the efficacy of mirabegron for 
treating OAB symptoms in PD with CI.  The hypothesis is that participants in the 


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treatment group will experience improved OAB symptoms compared to placebo group.  
As this is a superiority objective, a 2-sample t-test or the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test 
will be used as appropriate to determine significant differences between treatment groups 
on change in OABQ subscale scores from visit 3 to visit 7.  Other measures of OAB 
symptoms (including PPBC and the average daily values from the diary) will follow 
similar analyses.  
 
The rest of the secondary objectives are to assess efficacy of mirabegron in PD and the 
impact of mirabegron on other non-motor symptoms in PD including health related 
quality of life and excessive daytime sleepiness in PD patients with OAB symptoms and 
CI.  The related hypotheses are that mirabegron will not impact these non-motor 
symptoms.  The goal is to demonstrate equivalent non-motor symptoms prior to and 
following treatment with mirabegron as well as change compared to the placebo group.  
Tests of equivalence will be performed using the two one-sided tests approach on change 
from visit 3 to visit 7 in related variables within groups as well as between the two 
groups.  Equivalence ranges will be determined for each measure based on available 
literature prior to data analysis. 
 
7.4.3 Summary of exploratory data 
 
The exploratory objectives are to assess effects of mirabegron on orthostatic changes in 
blood pressure, depressive and anxiety symptomatology, excessive salivation, 
constipation and PD motor symptom severity in PD patients with OAB symptoms and CI.  
The related hypotheses are that mirabegron will not impact these symptoms.  The goal is 
to demonstrate equivalent symptoms prior to and following treatment with mirabegron as 
well as change compared to the placebo group.  Tests of equivalence will be performed 
using the two one-sided tests approach on change from visit 3 to visit 7 in related 
variables within groups as well as between the two groups.  Equivalence ranges will be 
determined for each measure based on available literature prior to data analysis. 
 
7.4.4 Summary of safety data 
 
Safety data and adverse events will be summarized, overall and by group, prior to each 
DSMB meeting and reported in the final study report.  
 
7.4.5 Interim analysis 
Interim analyses will not be conducted. 
 
7.4.6 Subject replacement policy 
 


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Subjects who withdraw consent or are withdrawn from the study prior to randomization 
(complete visit 3) will be replaced. After randomization (visit 3), subjects will not be 
replaced. 
 
8.0 
STUDY DOCUMENTATION, CRF, AND RECORD KEEPING 
 
8.1 
Case report forms 
 
Data will be collected on case report forms (CRFs). All the information collected during 
the study will identify subjects by unique subject identification number and subject 
initials.  
 
8.2 
Management of data 
 
All the information collected during the study will be recorded on CRFs identified by 
subject initials and subject ID number, for each subject enrolled. It is the responsibility of 
the Investigators to ensure that the CRFs are properly and completely filled in. 
 
The following regulations will be followed: 
 FDA 21CRF part 11 rule 
 ICH, Good Clinical Practice, Consolidated guideline 
 
8.3 
Monitoring 
 
Study monitoring will be conducted according to a monitoring plan. 
 
9.0 
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES 
 
9.1 
Compliance with Good Clinical Practice, and ethical considerations 
 
All aspects of the study will be carefully monitored with respect to Good Clinical 
Practices (GCP) and SOPs for compliance with applicable government regulations. Study 
monitoring will be conducted according to a monitoring plan. This study will be 
registered with ClinicalTrials.gov.  
 
9.2 
Confidentiality of subject information 
 
All subject data will be identified only by a unique subject identification number and 
subject initials. However, all laboratory testing will be conducted at Park Nicollet Health 


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Services, Methodist Hospital Laboratory. Patient identifiers, including name, medical 
record number, and birth date, will be included on all lab samples sent to the Laboratory.  
 
The subject’s personal data (e.g. name and address) will be blinded in all data analyses.  
 
9.3 
Protocol amendments 
 
Changes to the protocol will be approved by the IRB prior to implementation of the 
revisions. 
 
 
 
 


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10 
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Everyday Attention. Thames Valley Test Company: Bury St Edmunds. 
30. Brandt, J. The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test: Development of a new memory test 
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32. Partington JE, Leiter RG. Partington’s Pathway Test. The Psychological Service 
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33. Coyne K, Revicki D, Hunt T, Corey R, Stewart W, Bentkover J, Kurth H, Abrams P. 
Psychometric validation of an overactive bladder symptom and health-related quality 
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Gabriele M, Rubino A, Locuratolo N, Iani C, Pichiorri F, Colosimo C, Carbone A, 
Palleschi G, Inghilleri M. Bladder symptoms assessed with overactive bladder 
questionnaire in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2010;25(9):1203-9. 
35. Coyne KS, Matza LS, Kopp Z, Abrams P: The validation of the patient perception of 
bladder condition (PPBC): A single-item global measure for patients with overactive 
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36. Calne S, Schulzer M, Mak E, Guyette C, et al. Validating a quality of life rating scale 
for idiopathic parkinsonism: Parkinson’s Impact Scale (PIMS). Parkinsonism Relat 
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37. Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness 
scale. Sleep. 1991;14(6):540-5. 
38. Santamaria J. How to evaluate excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease. 
Neurology. 2004;63(8 Suppl 3):S21-3. 
39. Brown RG, Dittner A, Findley L, Wessely SC. The Parkinson fatigue scale. 
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2005;11:49-55. 
40. Aronow WS, Fleg JL, Pepine CJ, Artinian NT, Bakris G, et al. ACCF/AHA 2011 
expert consensus document on hypertension in the elderly: a report of the American 
College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus 
Documents developed in collaboration with the American Academy of Neurology, 
American Geriatrics Society, American Society for Preventive Cardiology, American 


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Society of Hypertension, American Society of Nephrology, Association of Black 
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41. Beck AT. 1996. Beck depression inventory. San Antonio:Psychological Corporation. 
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self-report measures of depression among normal populations of Japanese, Chinese, 
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44. Sharma S and Agarwal BB. Scoring systems in evaluation of constipation and 
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APPENDIX I: Myrbetriq® Full Prescribing Information (Prescribing information 
from astellas.com)  
 
FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION: CONTENTS* 
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE 
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION 
2.1 Dosing Information 
2.2 Dose Adjustments in Specific Populations 
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS 
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS 
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS 
5.1 Increases in Blood Pressure 
5.2 Urinary Retention in Patients with Bladder Outlet Obstruction and in Patients Taking 
Antimuscarinic Medications for OAB 
5.3 Patients Taking Drugs Metabolized by CYP2D6 
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS 
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience 
6.2 Postmarketing Experience 
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 
7.1 Drugs Metabolized by CYP2D6 
7.2 Digoxin 
7.3 Warfarin 
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS 
8.1 Pregnancy 
8.3 Nursing Mothers 
8.4 Pediatric Use 
8.5 Geriatric Use 
8.6 Renal Impairment 
8.7 Hepatic Impairment 
8.8 Gender 
10 OVERDOSAGE 
11 DESCRIPTION 
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 
12.1 Mechanism of Action 
12.2 Pharmacodynamics 
12.3 Pharmacokinetics 
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility 
14 CLINICAL STUDIES 
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING 
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION 
*Sections or subsections omitted from the full prescribing information are not listed 
 
FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION 
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE 
Myrbetriq® is a beta-3 adrenergic agonist indicated for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) with 
symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and urinary frequency. 
 


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2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION 
2.1 Dosing Information 
The recommended starting dose of Myrbetriq is 25 mg once daily with or without food. Myrbetriq 25 mg is 
effective within 8 weeks. Based on individual patient efficacy and tolerability the dose may be increased to 
50 mg once daily [see Clinical Studies (14)]. 
Myrbetriq should be taken with water, swallowed whole and should not be chewed, divided, or crushed. 
2.2 Dose Adjustments in Specific Populations 
The daily dose of Myrbetriq should not exceed 25 mg once daily in the following populations: 
 Patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr 15 to 29 mL/min or eGFR 15 to 29 mL/min/1.73 m2) 
[see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 
 Patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B) [see Use in Specific Populations 
(8.7) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 
Myrbetriq is not recommended for use in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), or in patients with 
severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C) [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6, 8.7) and Clinical 
Pharmacology (12.3)]. 
 
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS 
Myrbetriq extended-release tablets are supplied in two different strengths as described below: 
 
25 mg oval, brown, film coated tablet, debossed with the (Astellas logo) and “325” 
 
50 mg oval, yellow, film coated tablet, debossed with the (Astellas logo) and “355” 
 
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS 
None. 
 
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS 
5.1 Increases in Blood Pressure 
Myrbetriq can increase blood pressure. Periodic blood pressure determinations are recommended, 
especially in hypertensive patients. Myrbetriq is not recommended for use in patients with severe 
uncontrolled hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 180 mm Hg and/or 
diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 110 mm Hg) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. 
 
In two, randomized, placebo-controlled, healthy volunteer studies, Myrbetriq was associated with dose-
related increases in supine blood pressure. In these studies, at the maximum recommended dose of 50 mg, 
the mean maximum increase in systolic/diastolic blood pressure was approximately 3.5/1.5 mmHg greater 
than placebo. 
 
In contrast, in OAB patients in clinical trials, the mean increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 
the maximum recommended dose of 50 mg was approximately 0.5 - 1 mmHg greater than placebo. 
Worsening of preexisting hypertension was reported infrequently in Myrbetriq patients. 
 
5.2 Urinary Retention in Patients with Bladder Outlet Obstruction and in Patients Taking 
Antimuscarinic Medications for OAB 
Urinary retention in patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and in patients taking antimuscarinic 
medications for the treatment of OAB has been reported in postmarketing experience in patients taking 
mirabegron. A controlled clinical safety study in patients with BOO did not demonstrate increased urinary 
retention in Myrbetriq patients; however, Myrbetriq should be administered with caution to patients with 
clinically significant BOO. Myrbetriq should also be administered with caution to patients taking 
antimuscarinic medications for the treatment of OAB [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. 


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5.3 Patients Taking Drugs Metabolized by CYP2D6 
Since mirabegron is a moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor, the systemic exposure to CYP2D6 substrates such as 
metoprolol and desipramine is increased when co-administered with mirabegron. Therefore, appropriate 
monitoring and dose adjustment may be necessary, especially with narrow therapeutic index drugs 
metabolized by CYP2D6, such as thioridazine, flecainide, and propafenone [see Drug Interactions (7.1) 
and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 
 
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS 
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience 
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in 
the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and 
may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. 
 
In three, 12 week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, safety and efficacy studies in patients with overactive 
bladder (Studies 1, 2, and 3), Myrbetriq was evaluated for safety in 2736 patients [see Clinical Studies 
(14)]. Study 1 also included an active control. For the combined Studies 1, 2, and 3, 432 patients received 
Myrbetriq 25 mg, 1375 received Myrbetriq 50 mg, and 929 received Myrbetriq 100 mg once daily. In these 
studies, the majority of the patients were Caucasian (94%), and female (72%) with a mean age of 59 years 
(range 18 to 95 years). 
 
Myrbetriq was also evaluated for safety in 1632 patients who received Myrbetriq 50 mg once daily (n=812 
patients) or Myrbetriq 100 mg (n=820 patients) in a 1 year, randomized, fixed dose, double-blind, active 
controlled, safety study in patients with overactive bladder (Study 4). Of these patients, 731 received 
Myrbetriq in a previous 12 week study. In Study 4, 1385 patients received Myrbetriq continuously for at 
least 6 months, 1311 patients received Myrbetriq for at least 9 months, and 564 patients received Myrbetriq 
for at least 1 year. 
 
The most frequent adverse events (0.2%) leading to discontinuation in Studies 1, 2 and 3 for the 25 mg or 
50 mg dose were nausea, headache, hypertension, diarrhea, constipation, dizziness and tachycardia. 
 
Atrial fibrillation (0.2%) and prostate cancer (0.1%) were reported as serious adverse events by more than 1 
patient and at a rate greater than placebo. 
 
Table 1 lists adverse reactions, derived from all adverse events that were reported in Studies 1, 2 and 3 at 
an incidence greater than placebo and in 1% or more of patients treated with Myrbetriq 25 mg or 50 mg 
once daily for up to 12 weeks. The most commonly reported adverse reactions (greater than 2% of 
Myrbetriq patients and greater than placebo) were hypertension, nasopharyngitis, urinary tract infection and 
headache. 
 
Table 1: Percentages of Patients with Adverse Reactions, Derived from All Adverse Events, 
Exceeding Placebo Rate and Reported by 1% or More Patients Treated With Myrbetriq 25 mg or 50 
mg Once Daily in Studies 1, 2, and 3 


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Other adverse reactions reported by less than 1% of patients treated with Myrbetriq in Studies 1, 2, or 3 
included: 
 
Cardiac disorders: palpitations, blood pressure increased [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)] 
Eye Disorders: glaucoma [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)] 
Gastrointestinal disorders: dyspepsia, gastritis, abdominal distension 
Infections and Infestations: sinusitis, rhinitis 
Investigations: GGT increased, AST increased, ALT increased, LDH increased 
Renal and urinary disorders: nephrolithiasis, bladder pain 
Reproductive system and breast disorders: vulvovaginal pruritis, vaginal infection 
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: urticaria, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, rash, pruritus, purpura, lip 
edema 
 
Table 2 lists the rates of the most commonly reported adverse reactions, derived from all adverse events in 
patients treated with Myrbetriq 50 mg for up to 52 weeks in Study 4. The most commonly reported adverse 
reactions (>3% of Myrbetriq patients) were hypertension, urinary tract infection, headache, and 
nasopharyngitis. 
 
Table 2: Percentages of Patients with Adverse Reactions, Derived from all Adverse Events, Reported 
by Greater Than 2% of Patients Treated With Myrbetriq 50 mg Once Daily in Study 4 
 
In Study 4, in patients treated with Myrbetriq 50 mg once daily, adverse reactions leading to 
discontinuation reported by more than 2 patients and at a rate greater than active control included: 
constipation (0.9%), headache (0.6%), dizziness (0.5%), hypertension (0.5%), dry eyes (0.4%), nausea 
(0.4%), vision blurred (0.4%), and urinary tract infection (0.4%). Serious adverse events reported by at 


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least 2 patients and exceeding active control included cerebrovascular accident (0.4%) and osteoarthritis 
(0.2%). Serum ALT/AST increased from baseline by greater than 10-fold in 2 patients (0.3%) taking 
Myrbetriq 50 mg, and these markers subsequently returned to baseline while both patients continued 
Myrbetriq.  
 
In Study 4, serious adverse events of neoplasm were reported by 0.1%, 1.3%, and 0.5% of patients treated 
with Myrbetriq 50 mg, Myrbetriq 100 mg and active control once daily, respectively. Neoplasms reported 
by 2 patients treated with Myrbetriq 100 mg included breast cancer, lung neoplasm malignant and prostate 
cancer. 
 
In a separate clinical study in Japan, a single case was reported as Stevens-Johnson syndrome with 
increased serum ALT, AST and bilirubin in a patient taking Myrbetriq 100 mg as well as an herbal 
medication (Kyufu Gold). 
 
6.2 Postmarketing Experience 
Because these spontaneously reported events are from the worldwide postmarketing experience, from a 
population of uncertain size, the frequency of events and the role of mirabegron in their causation cannot be 
reliably determined. The following events have been reported in association with mirabegron use in 
worldwide postmarketing experience: 
 
Urologic: urinary retention [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] 
 
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 
Drug interaction studies were conducted to investigate the effect of co-administered drugs on the 
pharmacokinetics of mirabegron and the effect of mirabegron on the pharmacokinetics of co-administered 
drugs (e.g., ketoconazole, rifampin, solifenacin, tamsulosin, and oral contraceptives) [see Clinical 
Pharmacology (12.3)]. No dose adjustment is recommended when these drugs are co-administered with 
mirabegron. 
 
The following are drug interactions for which monitoring is recommended: 
 
7.1 Drugs Metabolized by CYP2D6 
Since mirabegron is a moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor, the systemic exposure of drugs metabolized by 
CYP2D6 enzyme such as metoprolol and desipramine is increased when co-administered with mirabegron. 
Therefore, appropriate monitoring and dose adjustment may be necessary when Myrbetriq is co-
administered with these drugs, especially with narrow therapeutic index CYP2D6 substrates, such as 
thioridazine, flecainide, and propafenone [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Clinical Pharmacology 
(12.3)]. 
 
7.2 Digoxin 
When given in combination, mirabegron increased mean digoxin Cmax from 1.01 to 1.3 ng/mL (29%) and 
AUC from 16.7 to 19.3 ng.h/mL (27%). Therefore, for patients who are initiating a combination of 
mirabegron and digoxin, the lowest dose for digoxin should initially be considered. Serum digoxin 
concentrations should be monitored and used for titration of the digoxin dose to obtain the desired clinical 
effect [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 
 
7.3 Warfarin 
The mean Cmax of S- and R-warfarin was increased by approximately 4% and AUC by approximately 9% 
when administered as a single dose of 25 mg after multiple doses of 100 mg mirabegron. Following a 


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single dose administration of 25 mg warfarin, mirabegron had no effect on the warfarin pharmacodynamic 
endpoints such as International Normalized Ratio (INR) and prothrombin time. However, the effect of 
mirabegron on multiple doses of warfarin and on warfarin pharmacodynamic end points such as INR and 
prothrombin time has not been fully investigated [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 
 
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS 
8.1 Pregnancy 
Pregnancy Category C 
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies using Myrbetriq in pregnant women. Myrbetriq should 
be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit to the patient outweighs the risk to the patient and 
fetus. Women who become pregnant during Myrbetriq treatment are encouraged to contact their physician. 
 
Risk Summary 
Based on animal data, mirabegron is predicted to have a low probability of increasing the risk of adverse 
developmental outcomes above background risk. Reversible adverse developmental findings consisting of 
delayed ossification and wavy ribs in rats and decreased fetal body weights in rabbits occurred at exposures 
greater than or equal to 22 and 14 times, respectively, the maximal recommended human dose (MRHD). At 
maternally toxic exposures decreased fetal weights were observed in rats and rabbits, and fetal death, 
dilated aorta, and cardiomegaly were reported in rabbits. 
 
Animal Data 
In the rat embryo/fetal developmental toxicity study, pregnant rats received daily oral doses of mirabegron 
at 0, 10, 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg from implantation to closure of the fetal hard palate (7th to 17th day of 
gestation). Maternal systemic exposures were approximately 0, 1, 6, 22, or 96 times greater than exposures 
in women treated at the MRHD of 50 mg based on AUC. No embryo/fetal toxicities were observed in rats 
exposed up to 6 times the human systemic exposure at the MRHD of 50 mg. At systemic exposures equal 
to or greater than 22 times the human systemic exposure at the MRHD, delayed ossification and wavy ribs 
were observed in fetuses at an increased incidence. These findings were reversible. 
 
In the rabbit embryo/fetal developmental toxicity study, pregnant rabbits received daily oral doses of 
mirabegron at 0, 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg from implantation to closure of the fetal hard palate (6th to 20th day of 
gestation). Maternal systemic exposures were 0, 1, 14, or 36 times that in women treated at the MRHD of 
50 mg based on AUC. The embryo/fetal No Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) was similar to the exposure in 
women at the MRHD and was established in this species based on reduced fetal body weight observed at 
systemic exposures that were 14-fold higher than the human systemic exposure at MRHD. At higher doses, 
where systemic exposures were 36-fold higher than the human exposure at MRHD, maternal body weight 
gain and food consumption were reduced, one of 17 pregnant rabbits died, the incidence of fetal death 
increased, and fetal findings of dilated aorta and cardiomegaly were reported. 
 
The effects of mirabegron on prenatal and postnatal development was assessed in pregnant rats dosed at 0, 
10, 30, or 100 mg/kg/day from the seventh day of gestation until 20 days after birth. Maternal systemic 
exposures were 0, 1, 6, and 22 times the exposure in women at the MRHD based on AUC. Rat pups 
exposed to mirabegron in utero and through 21 days of lactation had no discernable adverse effects at 
maternal systemic exposures 6 times the MRHD. A slight but statistically significant decrease in the 
survival of pups was observed 4 days after birth at exposures 22 times the MRHD (92.7% survival) 
compared to the control group (98.8%), however, there was no effect on survival of pups 21 days after 
birth. Absolute body weight of pups was not affected on the day of birth. However, at the 30 mg/kg dose 
(22-fold higher systemic exposure than humans at MHRD) body weight gain of pups was reduced 5% to 


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13% from postnatal day 4 to 7 but not throughout the remainder of the lactation period. In utero and 
lactational exposure did not affect behavior or fertility of offspring at exposures up to 22 times the MRHD. 
 
8.3 Nursing Mothers 
It is not known whether Myrbetriq is excreted in human milk. Mirabegron was found in the milk of rats at 
concentrations twice the maternal plasma level. Mirabegron was found in the lungs, liver, and kidneys of 
nursing pups. No studies have been conducted to assess the impact of Myrbetriq on milk production in 
humans, its presence in human breast milk, or its effects on the breast-fed child. Because Myrbetriq is 
predicted to be excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing 
infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into 
account the importance of the drug to the mother. 
 
8.4 Pediatric Use 
The safety and effectiveness of Myrbetriq in pediatric patients have not been established. 
 
8.5 Geriatric Use 
No dose adjustment is necessary for the elderly. The pharmacokinetics of Myrbetriq is not significantly 
influenced by age [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Of 5648 patients who received Myrbetriq in the 
phase 2 and 3 studies, 2029 (35.9%) were 65 years of age or older, and 557 (9.9%) were 75 years of age or 
older. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between patients younger than 65 
years of age and those 65 years of age or older in these studies. 
 
8.6 Renal Impairment 
Myrbetriq has not been studied in patients with end stage renal disease (CLcr <15 mL/min or eGFR <15 
mL/min/1.73 m2 or patients requiring hemodialysis), and, therefore is not recommended for use in these 
patient populations. In patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr 15 to 29 mL/min or eGFR 15 to 29 
mL/min/1.73 m2), the daily dose of Myrbetriq should not exceed 25 mg. No dose adjustment is necessary in 
patients with mild or moderate renal impairment (CLcr 30 to 89 mL/min or eGFR 30 to 89 mL/min/1.73 m2) 
[see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 
 
8.7 Hepatic Impairment 
Myrbetriq has not been studied in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C), and 
therefore is not recommended for use in this patient population. 
 
In patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B), the daily dose of Myrbetriq should not 
exceed 25 mg. No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class 
A) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 
 
8.8 Gender 
No dose adjustment is necessary based on gender. When corrected for differences in body weight, the 
Myrbetriq systemic exposure is 20% to 30% higher in females compared to males. 
 
10 OVERDOSAGE 
Mirabegron has been administered to healthy volunteers at single doses up to 400 mg. At this dose, adverse 
events reported included palpitations (1 of 6 subjects) and increased pulse rate exceeding 100 bpm (3 of 6 
subjects). Multiple doses of mirabegron up to 300 mg daily for 10 days showed increases in pulse rate and 
systolic blood pressure when administered to healthy volunteers. Treatment for overdosage should be 
symptomatic and supportive. In the event of overdosage, pulse rate, blood pressure and ECG monitoring is 
recommended. 


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11 DESCRIPTION 
Mirabegron is a beta-3 adrenergic agonist. The chemical name is 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-(2-{[(2R)-
2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]acetamide having an empirical formula of C21H24N4O2S and 
a molecular weight of 396.51. The structural formula of mirabegron is: 
 
Mirabegron is a white powder. It is practically insoluble in water (0.082 mg/mL). It is soluble in methanol 
and dimethyl sulfoxide. 
 
Each Myrbetriq extended release tablet, for oral administration contains either 25 mg or 50 mg of 
mirabegron and the following inactive ingredients: polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, hydroxypropyl 
cellulose, butylated hydroxytoluene, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, yellow ferric oxide, and red ferric 
oxide (25 mg tablet only). 
 
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 
12.1 Mechanism of Action 
Mirabegron is an agonist of the human beta-3 adrenergic receptor (AR) as demonstrated by in vitro 
laboratory experiments using the cloned human beta-3 AR. Mirabegron relaxes the detrusor smooth muscle 
during the storage phase of the urinary bladder fill-void cycle by activation of beta-3 AR which increases 
bladder capacity. Although mirabegron showed very low intrinsic activity for cloned human beta-1 AR and 
beta-2 AR, results in humans indicate that beta-1 AR stimulation occurred at a mirabegron dose of 200 mg. 
 
12.2 Pharmacodynamics 
Urodynamics 
The effects of Myrbetriq on maximum urinary flow rate and detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate were 
assessed in a urodynamic study consisting of 200 male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) 
and BOO. Administration of Myrbetriq once daily for 12 weeks did not adversely affect the mean 
maximum flow rate or mean detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate in this study. Nonetheless, Myrbetriq 
should be administered with caution to patients with clinically significant BOO [see Warnings and 
Precautions (5.2)]. 
 
Cardiac Electrophysiology 
The effect of multiple doses of Myrbetriq 50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg once daily on QTc interval was 
evaluated in a randomized, placebo- and active- controlled (moxifloxacin 400 mg) four-treatment-arm 
parallel crossover study in 352 healthy subjects. In a study with demonstrated ability to detect small effects, 
the upper bound of the one-sided 95% confidence interval for the largest placebo adjusted, baseline-
corrected QTc based on individual correction method (QTcI) was below 10 msec. For the 50 mg Myrbetriq 
dose group (the maximum approved dosage), the mean difference from placebo on QTcI interval at 4-5 
hours post-dose was 3.7 msec (upper bound of the 95% CI 5.1 msec). 
 
For the Myrbetriq 100 mg and 200 mg doses groups (dosages greater than the maximum approved dose and 
resulting in substantial multiples of the anticipated maximum blood levels at 50 mg), the mean differences 
from placebo in QTcI interval at 4-5 hours post-dose were 6.1 msec (upper bound of the 95% CI 7.6 msec) 


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and 8.1 msec (upper bound of the 95% CI 9.8 msec), respectively. At the Myrbetriq 200 mg dose, in 
females, the mean effect was 10.4 msec (upper bound of the 95% CI 13.4 msec). 
 
In this thorough QT study, Myrbetriq increased heart rate on ECG in a dose dependent manner. Maximum 
mean increases from baseline in heart rate for the 50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg dose groups compared to 
placebo were 6.7 beats per minutes (bpm), 11 bpm, and 17 bpm, respectively. In the clinical efficacy and 
safety studies, the change from baseline in mean pulse rate for Myrbetriq 50 mg was approximately 1 bpm. 
In this thorough QT study, Myrbetriq also increased blood pressure in a dose dependent manner (see Effects 
on Blood Pressure). 
 
Effects on Blood Pressure 
In a study of 352 healthy subjects assessing the effect of multiple daily doses of 50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 
mg of Myrbetriq for 10 days on the QTc interval, the maximum mean increase in supine SBP/DBP at the 
maximum recommended dose of 50 mg was approximately 4.0/1.6 mmHg greater than placebo. The 24-
hour average increases in SBP compared to placebo were 3.0, 5.5, and 9.7 mmHg at Myrbetriq doses of 50 
mg, 100 mg and 200 mg, respectively. Increases in DBP were also dose-dependent, but were smaller than 
SBP. 
 
In another study in 96 healthy subjects to assess the impact of age on pharmacokinetics of multiple daily 
doses of 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg of Myrbetriq for 10 days, SBP also increased in a dose-
dependent manner. The mean maximum increases in SBP were approximately 2.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 mmHg 
for Myrbetriq exposures associated with doses of 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg and 300 mg, respectively. 
 
In three, 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, safety and efficacy studies (Studies 1, 2 and 3) in OAB 
patients receiving Myrbetriq 25 mg, 50 mg, or 100 mg once daily, mean increases in SBP/DBP compared 
to placebo of approximately 0.5 - 1 mmHg were observed. Morning SBP increased by at least 15 mmHg 
from baseline in 5.3%, 5.1%, and 6.7% of placebo, Myrbetriq 25 mg and Myrbetriq 50 mg patients, 
respectively. Morning DBP increased by at least 10 mmHg in 4.6%, 4.1% and 6.6% of placebo, Myrbetriq 
25 mg, and Myrbetriq 50 mg patients, respectively. Both SBP and DBP increases were reversible upon 
discontinuation of treatment. 
 
Effect on Intraocular Pressure (IOP) 
Myrbetriq 100 mg once daily did not increase IOP in healthy subjects after 56 days of treatment. In a phase 
1 study assessing the effect of Myrbetriq on IOP using Goldmann applanation tonometry in 310 healthy 
subjects, a dose of Myrbetriq 100 mg was non-inferior to placebo for the primary endpoint of the treatment 
difference in mean change from baseline to day 56 in subject-average IOP; upper bound of the two-sided 
95% CI of the treatment difference between Myrbetriq 100 mg and placebo was 0.3 mm Hg. 
 
12.3 Pharmacokinetics 
Absorption 
After oral administration of mirabegron in healthy volunteers, mirabegron is absorbed to reach maximum 
plasma concentrations (Cmax) at approximately 3.5 hours. The absolute bioavailability increases from 29% 
at a dose of 25 mg to 35% at a dose of 50 mg. Mean Cmax and AUC increase more than dose proportionally. 
This relationship is more apparent at doses above 50 mg. In the overall population of males and females, a 
2-fold increase in dose from 50 mg to 100 mg mirabegron increased Cmax and AUCtau by approximately 
2.9- and 2.6-fold, respectively, whereas a 4-fold increase in dose from 50 to 200 mg mirabegron increased 
Cmax and AUCtau by approximately 8.4- and 6.5-fold. Steady state concentrations are achieved within 7 days 
of once daily dosing with mirabegron. After once daily administration, plasma exposure of mirabegron at 
steady state is approximately double that seen after a single dose. 


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Effect of Food 
Co-administration of a 50 mg tablet with a high-fat meal reduced mirabegron Cmax and AUC by 45% and 
17%, respectively. A low-fat meal decreased mirabegron Cmax and AUC by 75% and 51%, respectively. In 
the phase 3 studies, mirabegron was administered irrespective of food contents and intake (i.e., with or 
without food) and demonstrated both safety and efficacy. Therefore, mirabegron can be taken with or 
without food at the recommended dose [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)]. 
 
Distribution 
Mirabegron is extensively distributed in the body. The volume of distribution at steady state (Vss) is 
approximately 1670 L following intravenous administration. Mirabegron is bound (approximately 71%) to 
human plasma proteins, and shows moderate affinity for albumin and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein. 
Mirabegron distributes to erythrocytes. Based on In vitro study erythrocyte concentrations of 14C-
mirabegron were about 2-fold higher than in plasma. 
 
Metabolism 
Mirabegron is metabolized via multiple pathways involving dealkylation, oxidation, (direct) 
glucuronidation, and amide hydrolysis. Mirabegron is the major circulating component following a single 
dose of 14C-mirabegron. Two major metabolites were observed in human plasma and are phase 2 
glucuronides representing 16% and 11% of total exposure, respectively. These metabolites are not 
pharmacologically active toward beta-3 adrenergic receptor. Although in vitro studies suggest a role for 
CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 in the oxidative metabolism of mirabegron, in vivo results indicate that these 
isozymes play a limited role in the overall elimination. In healthy subjects who are genotypically poor 
metabolizers of CYP2D6, mean Cmax and AUCtau were approximately 16% and 17% higher than in 
extensive metabolizers of CYP2D6, respectively. In vitro and ex vivo studies have shown the involvement 
of butylcholinesterase, uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) and possibly alcohol 
dehydrogenase in the metabolism of mirabegron, in addition to CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. 
 
Excretion 
Total body clearance (CLtot) from plasma is approximately 57 L/h following intravenous administration. 
The terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) is approximately 50 hours. Renal clearance (CLR) is approximately 
13 L/h, which corresponds to nearly 25% of CLtot. Renal elimination of mirabegron is primarily through 
active tubular secretion along with glomerular filtration. The urinary elimination of unchanged mirabegron 
is dose-dependent and ranges from approximately 6.0% after a daily dose of 25 mg to 12.2% after a daily 
dose of 100 mg. Following the administration of 160 mg 14C-mirabegron solution to healthy volunteers, 
approximately 55% of the radioactivity dose was recovered in the urine and 34% in the feces. 
Approximately 25% of unchanged mirabegron was recovered in urine and 0% in feces. 
 
Specific Populations 
Geriatric Patients 
The Cmax and AUC of mirabegron following multiple oral doses in elderly volunteers (≥ 65 years) were 
similar to those in younger volunteers (18 to 45 years). 
 
Pediatric Patients 
The pharmacokinetics of mirabegron in pediatric patients have not been evaluated [see Use in Specific 
Populations (8.4)]. 
 
Gender 


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The Cmax and AUC of mirabegron were approximately 40% to 50% higher in females than in males. When 
corrected for differences in body weight, the mirabegron systemic exposure is 20% - 30% higher in females 
compared to males. 
 
Race 
The pharmacokinetics of mirabegron were comparable between Caucasians and African American Blacks. 
Cross studies comparison shows that the exposure in Japanese subjects is higher than that in North 
American subjects. However, when the Cmax and AUC were normalized for dose and body weight, the 
difference is smaller. 
 
Renal Impairment 
Following single dose administration of 100 mg mirabegron in volunteers with mild renal impairment 
(eGFR 60 to 89 mL/min/1.73 m2 as estimated by MDRD), mean mirabegron Cmax and AUC were increased 
by 6% and 31% relative to volunteers with normal renal function. In volunteers with moderate renal 
impairment (eGFR 30 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m2), Cmax and AUC were increased by 23% and 66%, 
respectively. In patients with severe renal impairment (eGFR 15 to 29 mL/min/1.73 m2), mean Cmax and 
AUC values were 92% and 118% higher compared to healthy subjects with normal renal function. 
Mirabegron has not been studied in patients with End Stage Renal Disease-ESRD (CLcr less than 15 
mL/min or eGFR less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m2 or patients requiring hemodialysis). 
 
Hepatic Impairment 
Following single dose administration of 100 mg mirabegron in volunteers with mild hepatic impairment 
(Child-Pugh Class A), mean mirabegron Cmax and AUC were increased by 9% and 19% relative to 
volunteers with normal hepatic function. In volunteers with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh 
Class B), mean Cmax and AUC values were 175% and 65% higher. Mirabegron has not been studied in 
patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C). 
 
Drug Interaction Studies 
In Vitro Studies 
Effect of Other Drugs on Mirabegron 
Mirabegron is transported and metabolized through multiple pathways. Mirabegron is a substrate for 
CYP3A4, CYP2D6, butyrylcholinesterase, UGT, the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and the influx 
organic cation transporters (OCT) OCT1, OCT2, and OCT3. Sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents 
glibenclamide (a CYP3A4 substrate), gliclazide (a CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 substrate) and tolbutamide (a 
CYP2C9 substrate) did not affect the in vitro metabolism of mirabegron. 
 
Effect of Mirabegron on Other Drugs 
Studies of mirabegron using human liver microsomes and recombinant human CYP enzymes showed that 
mirabegron is a moderate and time-dependent inhibitor of CYP2D6 and a weak inhibitor of CYP3A. 
Mirabegron is unlikely to inhibit the metabolism of co-administered drugs metabolized by the following 
cytochrome P450 enzymes: CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 because 
mirabegron did not inhibit the activity of these enzymes at clinically relevant concentrations. Mirabegron 
did not induce CYP1A2 or CYP3A. Mirabegron inhibited P-gp-mediated drug transport at high 
concentrations. Mirabegron is predicted not to cause clinically relevant inhibition of OCT-mediated drug 
transport. Mirabegron did not affect the metabolism of glibenclamide or tolbutamide. 
 
In Vivo Studies 
The effect of co-administered drugs on the pharmacokinetics of mirabegron and the effect of mirabegron on 
the pharmacokinetics of co-administered drugs was studied after single and multiple doses of mirabegron. 


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Most drug-drug interactions (DDI) were studied using mirabegron 100 mg extended-release tablets. 
However, interaction studies of mirabegron with metoprolol and with metformin were studied using 
mirabegron 160 mg immediate release (IR) tablets. 
 
The effect of ketoconazole, rifampicin, solifenacin, tamsulosin, and metformin on systemic mirabegron 
exposure is shown in Figure 1. 
 
The effect of mirabegron on metoprolol, desipramine, combined oral contraceptive-COC (ethinyl estradiol-
EE, levonorgestrel-LNG), solifenacin, digoxin, warfarin, tamsulosin, and metformin is shown in Figure 2. 
In these studies, the largest increase in mirabegron systemic exposure was seen in the ketoconazole DDI 
study. As a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor, ketoconazole increased mirabegron Cmax by 45% and mirabegron 
AUC by 80% after multiple dose administration of 400 mg of ketoconazole for 9 days prior to the 
administration of a single dose of 100 mg mirabegron in 23 male and females healthy subjects. 
 
As a moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor, mirabegron increased the systemic exposure to metoprolol and 
desipramine: 
 
Mirabegron increased the Cmax of metoprolol by 90% and metoprolol AUC by 229% after multiple 
doses of 160 mg mirabegron IR tablets once daily for 5 days and a single dose of 100 mg 
metoprolol tablet in 12 healthy male subjects administered before and concomitantly with 
mirabegron. 
 
Mirabegron increased the Cmax of desipramine by 79% and desipramine AUC by 241% after 
multiple dose administration of 100 mg mirabegron once daily for 18 days and a single dose of 50 
mg desipramine before and concomitantly with mirabegron in 28 male and female healthy 
subjects. 
 
Caution is advised if Myrbetriq is co-administered with CYP2D6 substrates such as metoprolol and 
desipramine, and especially narrow therapeutic index drugs, such as thioridazine, flecainide, and 
propafenone [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Drug Interactions (7.1)]. 
 
Figures 1 and 2 show the magnitude of these interactions on the pharmacokinetic parameters and the 
recommendations for dose adjustment, if any: 
 
Figure 1: The Effect of Co-administered Drugs on Exposure of Myrbetriq and Dose 
Recommendation 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


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(1) Although no dose adjustment is recommended with solifenacin or tamsulosin based on the lack of 
pharmacokinetic interaction, Myrbetriq should be administered with caution to patients taking 
antimuscarinic medications for the treatment of OAB and in patients with clinically significant BOO 
because of the risk of urinary retention [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. 
 
Figure 2: The Effect of Myrbetriq on Exposure of Co-administered Medication 


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(1) Since mirabegron is a moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor, the systemic exposure to CYP2D6 substrates such 
as metoprolol and desipramine is increased when co-administered with mirabegron. Therefore, appropriate 
monitoring and dose adjustment may be necessary, especially with narrow therapeutic index CYP2D6 
substrates, such as thioridazine, flecainide, and propafenone [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Drug 
Interactions (7.1)]. 
(2) For patients who are initiating a combination of mirabegron and digoxin, the lowest dose for digoxin 
should initially be prescribed. Serum digoxin concentrations should be monitored and used for titration of 
the digoxin dose to obtain the desired clinical effect [see Drug Interaction (7.2)]. 
(3) Warfarin was administered as a single 25 mg dose of the racemate (a mixture of R-warfarin and S-
warfarin). Based on this single dose study, mirabegron had no effect on the warfarin pharmacodynamic 
endpoints such as INR and prothrombin time. However, the effect of mirabegron on multiple doses of 
warfarin and on warfarin pharmacodynamic end points such as INR and prothrombin time has not been 
fully investigated [see Drug Interactions (7.3)]. 
(4) Although no dose adjustment is recommended with solifenacin or tamsulosin based on the lack of 
pharmacokinetic interaction, Myrbetriq should be administered with caution to patients taking 
antimuscarinic medications for the treatment of OAB and in BOO because of the risk of urinary retention 
[see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. 
 


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13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenicity 
Long-term carcinogenicity studies were conducted in rats and mice dosed orally with mirabegron for two 
years. Male rats were dosed at 0, 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg/day and female rats and both sexes of mice were 
dosed at 0, 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg/day. Mirabegron showed no carcinogenic potential at systemic exposures 
(AUC) 38 to 45-fold higher in rats and 21 to 38-fold higher in mice than the human systemic exposure at 
the 50 mg dose. 
 
Mutagenesis 
Mirabegron was not mutagenic in the Ames bacterial reverse mutation assay, did not induce chromosomal 
aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes at concentrations that were not cytotoxic, and was not 
clastogenic in the rat micronucleus assay. 
 
Impairment of Fertility 
Fertility studies in rats showed that mirabegron had no effect on either male or female fertility at non-lethal 
doses up to 100 mg/kg/day. Systemic exposures (AUC) at 100 mg/kg in female rats was estimated to be 22 
times the MRHD in women and 93 times the MRHD in men. 
 
14 CLINICAL STUDIES 
Myrbetriq was evaluated in three, 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group, 
multicenter clinical trials in patients with overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, 
urgency, and urinary frequency (Studies 1, 2, and 3). Entry criteria required that patients had symptoms of 
overactive bladder for at least 3 months duration, at least 8 micturitions per day, and at least 3 episodes of 
urgency with or without incontinence over a 3 day period. The majority of patients were Caucasian (94%) 
and female (72%) with a mean age of 59 years (range 18 – 95 years). The population included both naïve 
patients who had not received prior antimuscarinic pharmacotherapy for overactive bladder (48%) and 
those who had received prior antimuscarinic pharmacotherapy for OAB (52%). 
 
In Study 1, patients were randomized to placebo, Myrbetriq 50 mg, Myrbetriq 100 mg, or an active control 
once daily. In Study 2, patients were randomized to placebo, Myrbetriq 50 mg or Myrbetriq 100 mg once 
daily. In Study 3, patients were randomized to placebo, Myrbetriq 25 mg or Myrbetriq 50 mg once daily. 
 
The co-primary efficacy endpoints in all 3 trials were (1) change from baseline to end of treatment (Week 
12) in mean number of incontinence episodes per 24 hours and (2) change from baseline to end of 
treatment (Week 12) in mean number of micturitions per 24 hours, based on a 3-day micturition diary. An 
important secondary endpoint was the change from baseline to end of treatment (Week 12) in mean volume 
voided per micturition.  
 
Results for the co-primary endpoints and mean volume voided per micturition from Studies 1, 2, and 3 are 
shown in Table 3. 
 
 
 


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Table 3: Mean Baseline and Change from Baseline at Week 12‡ for Incontinence Episodes, 
Micturition Frequency, and Volume Voided per Micturition in Patients with Overactive Bladder in 
Studies 1, 2, and 3 
 
Myrbetriq 25 mg was effective in treating the symptoms of OAB within 8 weeks, and Myrbetriq 50 mg was 
effective in treating the symptoms of OAB within 4 weeks. Efficacy of both 25 mg and 50 mg doses of 
Myrbetriq was maintained through the 12-week treatment period. 
 


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Figures 3 through 8 show the co-primary endpoints, mean change from baseline (BL) over time in number 
of incontinence episodes per 24 hours and mean change from baseline over time in number of micturitions 
per 24 hours, in Studies 1, 2 and 3. 
 
Figure 3. Mean (SE) Change from Baseline in Mean Number of Incontinence Episodes per 24 Hours 
–Study 1 
 
 
 
Figure 4. Mean (SE) Change from Baseline in Mean Number of Micturitions per 24 Hours - Study 1 
 
 
 
 
Figure 5. Mean (SE) Change from Baseline in Mean Number of Incontinence Episodes per 24 Hours 
- Study 2 
 
 


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Figure 6. Mean (SE) Change from Baseline in Mean Number of Micturitions per 24 Hours - Study 2 
 
 
 
 


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Figure 7. Mean (SE) Change from Baseline in Mean Number of Incontinence Episodes per 24 Hours 
- Study 3 
 
 
Figure 8. Mean (SE) Change from Baseline in Mean Number of Micturitions per 24 Hours - Study 3 
 
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING 
Myrbetriq is supplied as oval, film coated extended-release tablets, available in bottles and blister units as 
follows: 
 
 


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Store at 25oC (77oF) with excursions permitted from 15oC to 30oC (59oF to 86oF). {see USP controlled 
Room Temperature} 
 
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION 
See FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information) 
 
Inform patients that Myrbetriq may increase blood pressure. Periodic blood pressure determinations are 
recommended, especially in patients with hypertension. Myrbetriq has also been associated with infrequent 
urinary tract infections, rapid heart beat, rash, and pruritis. Inform patients that urinary retention has been 
reported when taking mirabegron in combination with antimuscarinic drugs used in the treatment of 
overactive bladder. Instruct patients to contact their physician if they experience these effects while taking 
Myrbetriq. 
 
Patients should read the patient leaflet entitled “Patient Information” before starting therapy with 
Myrbetriq. 
 
 


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Patient Information 
Myrbetriq (meer-BEH-trick) 
(mirabegron) 
extended-release tablets 
 
Read the Patient Information that comes with Myrbetriq before you start taking it and each time you get a 
refill. There may be new information. This leaflet does not take the place of talking with your doctor about 
your medical condition or treatment. 
 
What is Myrbetriq? 
Myrbetriq is a prescription medicine for adults used to treat the following symptoms due to a condition 
called overactive bladder: 
 
 
Urge urinary incontinence: a strong need to urinate with leaking or wetting accidents 
 
Urgency: a strong need to urinate right away 
 
Frequency: urinating often 
 
It is not known if Myrbetriq is safe and effective in children. 
 
What should I tell my doctor before taking Myrbetriq? 
Before you take Myrbetriq, tell your doctor if you: 
 
have liver problems 
 
have kidney problems 
 
have very high uncontrolled blood pressure 
 
have trouble emptying your bladder or you have a weak urine stream 
 
are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if Myrbetriq will harm your unborn 
baby. Talk to your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. 
 
are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Myrbetriq passes into your breast 
milk. You and your doctor should decide if you will take Myrbetriq or breastfeed. You should 
not do both. 
 
Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and nonprescription medicines, 
vitamins, and herbal supplements. Myrbetriq may affect the way other medicines work, and other 
medicines may affect how Myrbetriq works. 
 
Tell your doctor if you take: 
 
thioridazine (Mellaril® or Mellaril-S®) 
 
flecainide (Tambocor™) 
 
propafenone (Rythmol®) 
 
digoxin (Lanoxin®) 
 
How should I take Myrbetriq? 
 
Take Myrbetriq exactly as your doctor tells you to take it. 
 
You should take 1 Myrbetriq tablet 1 time a day. 
 
You should take Myrbetriq with water and swallow the tablet whole. 
 
Do not crush or chew the tablet. 


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 
You can take Myrbetriq with or without food. 
 
If you miss a dose of Myrbetriq, begin taking Myrbetriq again the next day. Do not take 2 
doses of Myrbetriq the same day. 
 
If you take too much Myrbetriq, call your doctor or go to the nearest hospital emergency room 
right away. 
 
What are the possible side effects of Myrbetriq? 
Myrbetriq may cause serious side effects including: 
 
increased blood pressure. Myrbetriq may cause your blood pressure to increase or make 
your blood pressure worse if you have a history of high blood pressure. It is recommended 
that your doctor check your blood pressure while you are taking Myrbetriq. 
 
 
inability to empty your bladder (urinary retention). Myrbetriq may increase your chances 
of not being able to empty your bladder if you have bladder outlet obstruction or if you are 
taking other medicines to treat overactive bladder. Tell your doctor right away if you are 
unable to empty your bladder. 
 
The most common side effects of Myrbetriq include: 
 
increased blood pressure 
 
common cold symptoms (nasopharyngitis) 
 
urinary tract infection 
 
headache 
 
Tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away or if you have hives, 
skin rash or itching while taking Myrbetriq. 
 
These are not all the possible side effects of Myrbetriq. For more information, ask your doctor or 
pharmacist. 
 
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-
FDA-1088. 
 
How should I store Myrbetriq? 
• Store Myrbetriq between 59°F to 86°F (15°C to 30°C). Keep the bottle closed. 
• Safely throw away medicine that is out of date or no longer needed. 
 
Keep Myrbetriq and all medicines out of the reach of children. 
 
General information about the safe and effective use of Myrbetriq. 
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in Patient Information leaflet. Do 
not use Myrbetriq for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Myrbetriq to other people, 
even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them. 
 
This Patient Information leaflet summarizes the most important information about Myrbetriq. If you would 
like more information, talk with your doctor. You can ask your doctor or pharmacist for information about 
Myrbetriq that is written for health professionals.  
 
For more information, go to www.Myrbetriq.com website or call 1-800- 727-7003. 


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What are the ingredients in Myrbetriq? 
 
Active ingredient: mirabegron 
 
Inactive ingredients: polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, butylated 
hydroxytoluene, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, yellow ferric oxide and red ferric oxide (25 mg 
Myrbetriq tablet only). 
 
What is overactive bladder? 
Overactive bladder occurs when you cannot control your bladder contractions. When these muscle 
contractions happen too often or cannot be controlled, you can get symptoms of overactive bladder, which 
are urinary frequency, urinary urgency, and urinary incontinence (leakage). 
 
Rx Only 
 
PRODUCT OF JAPAN 
 
Manufactured by: 
Astellas Pharma Technologies, Inc. 
Norman, Oklahoma 73072 
 
Marketed and Distributed by: 
Astellas Pharma US, Inc. 
Northbrook, Illinois 60062 
 
*Myrbetriq® is a registered trademark of Astellas Pharma Inc. All other trademarks or registered 
trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 
 
© 2012 Astellas Pharma US, Inc. 
 
Revised: February 2014 
13C011-MIR-WPI 
 


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APPENDIX II: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).  REDACTED – can 
be accessed at www.mocatest.org 
 
 


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APPENDIX III: Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OABQ) 
 
 


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APPENDIX IV: 3-day voiding diary 
 


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APPENDIX V: Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) 
 
Which of the following statements describes your bladder condition best at the moment? 
Please mark “X” in one box only. 
 
⃝  My bladder condition does not cause me any problems at all. 
⃝  My bladder condition causes me some very minor problems. 
⃝  My bladder condition causes me some minor problems. 
⃝  My bladder condition causes me (some) moderate problems. 
⃝  My bladder condition causes me severe problems. 
⃝  My bladder condition causes me many severe problems. 
 
 


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APPENDIX VI: Parkinson’s Impact Scale (PIMS) – REDACTED – permission 
required 
 
 
 
 
 
 


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APPENDIX VII: Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) REDACTED License required 
http://epworthsleepinessscale.com/ 
 
 
 
 


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APPENDIX VIII: Parkinson’s Fatigue Scale (PFS) 
 
REDACTED – can be accessed at 
www.parkinsons.org.uk/professionals/resources/parkinsons-disease-fatigue-scale 
 
 
 


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APPENDIX IX: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) 
 
REDACTED – Permission required. www.pearsonclinical.co.uk 
 
 


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APPENDIX X: Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) 
 
REDACTED – Permission required. www.pearsonclinical.co.uk 
 
 
 


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APPENDIX XI: Constipation Questions  
 
The following questions will be asked to establish the number of Rome II criteria each 
subject meets: 
 
Over the last 2 weeks,  
 
1. Did you have to strain at least 1 out of 4 times when having a bowel 
movement? 
2. Did you have lumpy or hard stools at least 1 out of 4 times when having a 
bowel movement? 
3. Did you have a sense of incomplete evacuation at least 1 out of 4 times when 
having a bowel movement? 
4. Did you have a sensation of obstruction or blockage in your anal area at least 1 
out of 4 time when having a bowel movement? 
5. Did you have to use manual maneuvers to facilitate bowel movements at least 1 
out of 4 times when having a bowel movement? 
6. Did you have less than 3 bowel movements per week? 
 
 
 


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APPENDIX XII: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) 
 
 
 
 
 


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