Conditions: Urinary Incontinence, Urge
Keywords: Refractory Urinary Urge Incontinence Botox A® Interstim® Device
Allocation: RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: PARALLEL
Enrollment: 386
Healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary:
The purpose of this randomized, open-label, active-control trial is to compare the effectiveness of intra-detrusor botulinum toxin A (Botox A®, Allergan) versus sacral neuromodulation (InterStim®, Medtronic) for the treatment of refractory urge urinary incontinence. In addition, the study will evaluate select technical attributes of the interventions as well as the effect of these two interventions on other lower urinary tract and pelvic floor symptoms.

Hypothesis: InterStim® therapy will result in a greater reduction in daily urge urinary incontinence episodes over the 6-month follow-up period as compared to Botox A® injection.

A supplemental study investigates whether biological markers including those related to inflammation and connective tissue remodeling change following treatments with Botox A® and Interstim®.

Detailed description:
Primary Aim:

To compare the change from baseline in the number of urge urinary incontinence episodes (UUIE) over 6 the six month follow-up period in women randomized to sacral neuromodulation (InterStim®) therapy, versus those randomized to intra-detrusor injection with 200 units of botulinum toxin A (Botox A®).

Secondary Aims:

* Long Term Efficacy: To compare the long-term (12 and 24 month) efficacy outcomes in women randomized to sacral neuromodulation(InterStim®) therapy, versus those randomized to intra-detrusor injection with 200 units of botulinum toxin A (Botox A®). Secondary efficacy outcomes, collected at 12 and 24 months as well as 6 months,include adequate control of their urge urinary incontinence, change in bothersome symptoms of urinary urge incontinence (UUI), severity of urge incontinence, urinary frequency, nocturia, subject satisfaction with therapy, quality of life measures and bowel and sexual function.
* Cost Effectiveness: To compare utilization of medical resources for cost effectiveness analysis and cost-utility between treatment groups.
* Treatment Safety and Burden: To assess safety profile and treatment burden of both interventions by comparing adverse event incidence between treatment arms, and also by obtaining estimates of incidence of treatment-specific safety and burden outcomes. Safety and burden outcomes for Botox A® injections include receipt of additional injections and intermittent catheterization due to voiding dysfunction/partial urinary retention. Safety and burden outcomes for InterStim® device include infection, pain, lead migration, reprogramming (and reasons for) and surgical revision (and reasons for).

Arms:
arm 1: The FSLP InterStim® device is to be done within 3 months of enrolling/consenting. The 1st stage is lead placement into the S3 foramen with best response to stimulation. The 4 electrodes will be tested and set to an amplitude that achieves comfortable stimulation in the vaginal, perineal, or rectal sensation. If =/\>50% improvement, participant will then have the 2nd stage IPG implantation, 8-18 days after last FSLP. If there is a technical problem with lead on 1st FSLP, then the participant can have a 2nd FSLP and may go on to have IPG implantation with lead replacement. The 2nd FSLP must be initiated no longer than 1 month since the initiation of the 1st FSLP. If the participant is a non-responder and there is no technical problem, then the lead is removed. arm 2: Total of 200 units of Botox A will be dissolved into 10mL of saline and injected into the bladder within 3 months of enrolling/consenting. Participants determined to have a clinical response at the 1 month visit (post 1st injection) may receive additional injections between 6-24 months.

Interventions: intervention 1: InterStim® device intervention 2: Botox® injection
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: Eligible subjects will complete baseline assessments, be randomized and scheduled for first stage lead placement (FSLP) InterStim®. The criterion for an initial clinical response to InterStim® therapy will be defined as a ≥50% improvement in the mean number of UUIE/day on a minimum 3 day bladder diary, completed during the 7-14 days following the first stage lead placement (FSLP). Subjects with a ≥ 50% improvement mean number of UUIE/day will be eligible to proceed with implantation of the implantable pulse generator (IPG). Subjects will then be followed monthly to determine the response to therapy. intervention 2: Eligible subjects will complete baseline assessments, be randomized and scheduled for Botox A® injection visit. Subjects who received a Botox A® injection will be assessed for a clinical response, at 1 month from injection, using the same clinical criterion (≥50% improvement in the mean number of UUIE/day on a 3 day bladder diary completed prior to the 1 month visit). Those subjects that experience a clinical response, at one month, will be eligible for a repeat Botox A® injection after 6 months, if they experience degradation of clinical effect, using the PGSC.

Protocol document: