Conditions: Depression
Keywords: SPECT Brain Imaging Cognitive Therapy Serotonin Transporter Binding Predictive Biomarker
Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: PARALLEL
Enrollment: 30
Healthy volunteers: yes

Brief summary:
This study will examine changes in brain serotonin activity in people with depression before and after they receive cognitive behavioral therapy.

Detailed description:
Depression is a serious illness that affects almost 19 million adults in the United States each year. Common symptoms of depression include persistent feelings of anxiety, guilt, or hopelessness; irregular sleep and appetite patterns; lethargy; disinterest in previously enjoyed activities; excessive irritability and restlessness; suicidal thoughts; and inability to concentrate. A person's depression can be attributed to a variety of causes, including biological and genetic factors, environmental influences, or developmental experiences. Among biological factors, a recently researched possible cause is the altered activity of specialized areas on brain nerve cells called serotonin receptors, which have been found to be at reduced levels in people with depression. The hormone serotonin is known to naturally influence mood, making depression treatments that aim to increase levels of serotonin important. Treatment for depression with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which teaches ways to modify thoughts and behaviors that contribute to depression, may help in raising brain serotonin levels and in improving depressive symptoms. This study will examine changes in brain serotonin activity using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging in people with depression before and after they receive CBT. The study will also use SPECT imaging to compare brain serotonin activity of non-depressed healthy participants with that of depressed participants.

Participation in this study will last between 12 and 14 weeks. All participants will first undergo an initial evaluation that will include questions about medical history, a physical exam, a blood draw, a urine test, and an electrocardiogram (ECG). Participants will then undergo an ADAM (a selective radioligand for SPECT imaging) SPECT scan. During the ADAM SPECT scan visit, participants will undergo an injection of the ADAM, an ECG, blood pressure monitoring, and a 60-minute SPECT scan. If necessary, participants may also be asked to have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan after completing the SPECT scan.

Depressed participants will then attend at least once weekly CBT sessions for 12 weeks. During the 45-minute sessions, participants will meet with a therapist to learn ways to adjust thoughts and behaviors that may be adding to their depression. After completing the 12 weeks of CBT, all participants will be re-evaluated by a study doctor and, if still in good health, will undergo a repeat ADAM SPECT scan.

Arms:
arm 1: Participants with depression will undergo ADAM SPECT scans and cognitive behavioral therapy. arm 2: Healthy subjects without depression will undergo ADAM SPECT scans.

Interventions: intervention 1: ADAM SPECT plus Cognitive Therapy intervention 2: ADAM SPECT plus No Therapy
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: None intervention 2: None

Protocol document: