Conditions: Overweight
Keywords: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Leptin Bariatric surgery Overweight after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
Allocation: RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: CROSSOVER
Enrollment: 31
Healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary:
This is a pilot and feasibility study to examine a novel intervention using leptin in weight-reduced individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery but still remain obese. Leptin, a peptide hormone secreted from adipose tissue, is a regulator of food intake and energy expenditure. Administration of leptin resulted in profound weight reduction in the few reported cases of obese individuals with genetic leptin deficiency. However, most obese people have increased leptin levels. Such individuals are said to be in a "leptin-resistant" state, whereby administration of physiological concentrations of leptin are ineffective at producing significant weight reduction. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGBP) is more effective than diet alone in producing long-term reduction of body weight. Yet even after surgery there is a plateau in weight loss though the individual may still be obese and have or be at risk for obesity related morbidities. The investigators have shown that plasma leptin levels are significantly lower in women after RYGBP compared with BMI-matched controls. This state of relative hypoleptinemia or leptin insufficiency suggests that post-RYGBP individuals may be in a "leptin-sensitive" state and, thus, would undergo further weight loss when administered doses of leptin that would not normally result in significant weight reduction. This study will examine the effects of leptin administered by self-injection twice per day on body weight and endocrine function. All individuals will received leptin and placebo and different times during the 34 week study period.

Detailed description:
Metreleptin will be self-administered by subcutaneous injection at 0.05 mg/kg body weight twice per day (i.e. at 8 am and 8 pm). This dose was chosen because it would not be expected to cause substantial weight loss in an obese non-surgical population, nor should it incur any substantial injection site reactions. Subjects will receive a demonstration of dose preparation and injection in addition to written instructions with visual aides. After the run-in period, subjects will demonstrate their preparation and injection technique. Placebo injections will consist of sterile water equal in volume to that of the metreleptin dose calculated for each individual. Subjects will be instructed to continue with their current level of physical activity. At week 16, each subject will cross-over to the alternate treatment for an additional 16 weeks.

Arms:
arm 1: Leptin self-administered subcutaneously twice each day for 16 weeks, then Placebo for 16 weeks. arm 2: Placebo self-administered subcutaneously twice each day for 16 weeks, then Leptin for 16 weeks.

Interventions: intervention 1: Leptin intervention 2: Placebo
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: Leptin self-administered subcutaneously at 0.05 mg/kg body weight twice each day intervention 2: Sterile water equal in volume to that of the metreleptin dose calculated for each individual self-administered subcutaneously twice each day

Protocol document: