Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD indacaterol long-acting β2 agonist
Allocation: RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: PARALLEL
Enrollment: 1732
Healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary:
This study was designed to assess the efficacy and long-term safety of 300 and 600 µg doses of indacaterol when delivered via a single-dose dry-powder inhaler (SDDPI) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients were randomized to receive either indacaterol 300 µg once daily, indacaterol 600 µg once daily, formoterol 12 µg twice daily, or placebo.

Detailed description:

Arms:
arm 1: Patients inhaled indacaterol 300 μg once daily via a single-dose dry-powder inhaler (SDDPI), placebo to indacaterol once daily via a SDDPI, and placebo to formoterol twice daily via the manufacturer's proprietary inhalation device (Aerolizer®). Indacaterol, placebo to indacaterol, and placebo to formoterol were taken in the morning between 8:00 and 10:00 AM; placebo to formoterol was taken again 12 hours later in the evening between 8:00 and 10:00 PM. Daily inhaled corticosteroid treatment (if applicable) was to remain stable throughout the study. The short-acting β2-agonist salbutamol/albuterol was available for rescue use throughout the study. arm 2: Patients inhaled indacaterol 600 μg (two 300 μg capsules) once daily via single-dose dry-powder inhalers (SDDPI) plus placebo to formoterol twice daily via the manufacturer's proprietary inhalation device (Aerolizer®). Indacaterol and placebo to formoterol were taken in the morning between 8:00 and 10:00 AM; placebo to formoterol was taken again 12 hours later in the evening between 8:00 and 10:00 PM. Daily inhaled corticosteroid treatment (if applicable) was to remain stable throughout the study. The short-acting β2-agonist salbutamol/albuterol was available for rescue use throughout the study. arm 3: Patients inhaled formoterol 12 μg twice daily via the manufacturer's proprietary inhalation device (Aerolizer®) plus placebo to indacaterol once daily via a single-dose dry-powder inhaler (SDDPI). Formoterol and placebo to indacaterol were taken in the morning between 8:00 and 10:00 AM; formoterol was taken again 12 hours later in the evening between 8:00 and 10:00 PM. Daily inhaled corticosteroid treatment (if applicable) was to remain stable throughout the study. The short-acting β2-agonist salbutamol/albuterol was available for rescue use throughout the study. arm 4: Patients inhaled placebo to indacaterol once daily via a single-dose dry-powder inhaler (SDDPI) plus placebo to formoterol twice daily via the manufacturer's proprietary inhalation device (Aerolizer®). Placebo to indacaterol and placebo to formoterol were taken in the morning between 8:00 and 10:00 AM; placebo to formoterol was taken again 12 hours later in the evening between 8:00 and 10:00 PM. Daily inhaled corticosteroid treatment (if applicable) was to remain stable throughout the study. The short-acting β2-agonist salbutamol/albuterol was available for rescue use throughout the study.

Interventions: intervention 1: Indacaterol intervention 2: Formoterol intervention 3: Placebo to indacaterol intervention 4: Placebo to formoterol
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: Indacaterol was supplied in powder-filled capsules with a single-dose dry-powder inhaler (SDDPI). intervention 2: Formoterol was supplied in powder-filled capsules with the manufacturer's proprietary inhalation device (Aerolizer®). intervention 3: Placebo to indacaterol was supplied in powder-filled capsules with a single-dose dry-powder inhaler (SDDPI). intervention 4: Placebo to formoterol was supplied in powder-filled capsules with the manufacturer's proprietary inhalation device (Aerolizer®).

Protocol document: