Conditions: Pain
Allocation: RANDOMIZED | Intervention model: FACTORIAL
Enrollment: 48
Healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary:
Hypothesis: Ropivacaine, morphine and ketorolac injected after knee arthroscopy is as effective as this solution plus ropivacaine administered intra-articularly for twenty-four hours.

Three groups were assigned random patients, each group provided a different method of pain medication in order to determine the effectiveness of each treatment.

Detailed description:
Arthroscopic knee patients were randomized to 1 of 3 groups. A) 30mL of ropivacaine (0.5%), 30mg of ketorolac and 8mg of morphine sulfate injected plus a pain pump containing 100mL of ropivacaine (0.5%) administered at 4 mL/hour; B) an identical solution plus a pain pump containing 100-mL of normal saline administered at 4 mL/hour; C) an identical solution and no pain pump. Pain level, the amount of pain medication used and time to discharge were recorded. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed at nine months after surgery.

Arms:
arm 1: 30mL of ropivacaine (0.5%), 30mg of ketorolac and 8mg of morphine sulfate injected plus a pain pump containing 100mL of ropivacaine (0.5%) administered at 4 mL/hour; arm 2: 30mL of ropivacaine (0.5%), 30mg of ketorolac and 8mg of morphine sulfate injected plus a pain pump containing 100-mL of normal saline administered at 4 mL/hour arm 3: 30mL of ropivacaine (0.5%), 30mg of ketorolac and 8mg of morphine sulfate injected and no pain pump.

Interventions: intervention 1: pain pump containing ropivacaine intervention 2: saline pain pump with injectable medication intervention 3: ropivacaine, ketorolac , morphine sulfate
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: 30mL of ropivacaine (0.5%), 30mg of ketorolac and 8mg of morphine sulfate injected plus a pain pump containing 100mL of ropivacaine (0.5%) administered at 4 mL/hour intervention 2: 30mL of ropivacaine(0.5%), 30mg of ketorolac and 8mg of morphine sulfate injected plus a pain pump containing 100-mL of normal saline administered at 4 mL/hour intervention 3: 30mL of ropivacaine (0.5%), 30mg of ketorolac and 8mg of morphine sulfate injected

Protocol document: