Conditions: Ganglioneuroblastoma Stage 1 Neuroblastoma Stage 2 Neuroblastoma Stage 2A Neuroblastoma Stage 2B Neuroblastoma Stage 3 Neuroblastoma Stage 4 Neuroblastoma Stage 4S Neuroblastoma
Allocation: NA | Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP
Enrollment: 150
Healthy volunteers: no

Brief summary:
This pilot clinical trial studies busulfan, melphalan, and stem cell transplant after chemotherapy in treating patients with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma that is likely to come back or spread. Giving chemotherapy to the entire body before a stem cell transplant stops the growth of tumor cells by stopping them from dividing or killing them. After treatment, stem cells are collected from the patient's blood and stored. More chemotherapy or radiation therapy is given to prepare the bone marrow for the stem cell transplant. The stem cells are then returned to the patient to replace the blood-forming cells that were destroyed by the chemotherapy.

Detailed description:
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine if the acute toxicity of an autologous stem cell transplant with a busulfan-melphalan (BuMel) based regimen is tolerable when given as consolidation therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the incidence of non-hematologic organ toxicity (grade 3 and higher) and all cause mortality in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplant with a BuMel based regimen followed by local radiotherapy for the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma.

II. To describe response rates, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) for patients undergoing induction therapy followed by consolidation with myeloablative BuMel preparative regimen and local radiotherapy for the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma.

III. To correlate busulfan pharmacokinetics with non-hematologic toxicity following a BuMel based autologous transplant regimen and event-free survival and overall survival.

IV. To determine the feasibility of performing Curie scores in "real time," as assessed by central scan committee review of a 123 I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scan obtained after cycle 4 of induction therapy.

V. To examine the concordance between central reviewers and institutional reviewers in performing Curie scoring at diagnosis and after cycle 4 of induction therapy.

VI. To determine the feasibility of detecting aberrations in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in tumors obtained at the time of diagnosis in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.

VII. To determine the feasibility of performing molecular profiling of neuroblastoma tumors obtained at the time of diagnosis in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.

VIII. To correlate melphalan pharmacokinetics with non-hematologic toxicity following a BuMel based autologous transplant regimen and event-free survival and overall survival.

OUTLINE:

INDUCTION THERAPY:

COURSES 1-2: Patients receive cyclophosphamide intravenously (IV) over 15-30 minutes, topotecan hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 and filgrastim subcutaneously (SC) or IV once daily (QD) beginning on day 6. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 2 courses.

COURSES 3 AND 5: Patients receive cisplatin IV over 1 hour on days 1-4 and etoposide IV over 1-2 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 2 courses.

COURSE 4: Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 1-6 hours on days 1-2, vincristine sulfate IV over 1 minute on days 1-3, doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 24 hours on days 1-3 and mesna IV over 15-30 minutes on days 1-2. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 1 course.

Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

CONSOLIDATION THERAPY: Beginning 4-8 weeks following the 5th course of induction therapy, patients receive busulfan IV over 3 hours on days -6 to -3 and melphalan IV on day -1. Patients undergo autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) on day 0 and filgrastim SC or IV beginning on day 0.

Some patients also undergo external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) after induction and consolidation.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for 1 year, and then every 6 months for 4 years.

Arms:
arm 1: INDUCTION THERAPY:

COURSES 1-2: Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 15-30 minutes and topotecan hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 2 courses.

COURSES 3 AND 5: Patients receive cisplatin IV over 1 hour on days 1-4 and etoposide IV over 1-2 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 2 courses.

COURSE 4: Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 1-6 hours on days 1-2, vincristine sulfate IV over 1 minute on days 1-3, and doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 24 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 1 course.

Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

CONSOLIDATION THERAPY: Beginning 4-8 weeks following the 5th course of induction therapy, patients receive busulfan IV over 3 hours on days -6 to -3 and melphalan IV on day -1. Patients undergo ASCT on day 0.

Some patients also undergo EBRT after induction and consolidation.

Interventions: intervention 1: Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation intervention 2: Busulfan intervention 3: Cisplatin intervention 4: Cyclophosphamide intervention 5: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride intervention 6: Etoposide intervention 7: External Beam Radiation Therapy intervention 8: Filgrastim intervention 9: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis intervention 10: Melphalan intervention 11: Mesna intervention 12: Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation intervention 13: Pharmacological Study intervention 14: Topotecan Hydrochloride intervention 15: Vincristine Sulfate
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: Undergo autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant intervention 2: Given IV intervention 3: Given IV intervention 4: Given IV intervention 5: Given IV intervention 6: Given IV intervention 7: Undergo EBRT intervention 8: Given SC or IV intervention 9: Optional correlative studies intervention 10: Given IV intervention 11: Given IV intervention 12: Undergo autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant intervention 13: Correlative studies intervention 14: Given IV intervention 15: Given IV

Protocol document: