Table:
|  | Period from January 1 to August 30, 2019 | Period from November 30 to December 31, 2018 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Revenue | $89,925 | $12,053 |
| Time charter, voyage and port terminal expenses | (3,976) | (546) |
| Direct vessel expenses | (44,088) | (5,282) |
| General and administrative expenses | (6,706) | (873) |
| Depreciation and amortization | (22,858) | (3,060) |
| Interest expense and finance cost | (10,519) | (1,204) |
| Other expense, net | (5,896) | (336) |
| Net (loss)/income from discontinued operations | $(4,118) | $752 |
| Less: Net loss/(income) attributable to the noncontrolling interest | $3,968 | $(725) |
| Net (loss)/income attributable to Navios Holdings common stockholders | $(150) | $27 |
Paragraphs:
NAVIOS MARITIME HOLDINGS INC. NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars — except share data)
Amounts recorded in respect of discontinued operations in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively are as follows:
Navios Containers accounted for the control obtained in November 2018 as a business combination which resulted in the application of the “acquisition method”, as defined under ASC 805 Business Combinations, as well as the recalculation of Navios Holdings’ equity interest in Navios Containers to its fair value at the date of obtaining control and the recognition of a gain in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss)/income. The excess of the fair value of Navios Containers’ identifiable net assets of $229,865 over the total fair value of Navios Containers’ total shares outstanding as of November 30, 2018 of $171,743, resulted in a bargain gain upon obtaining control in the amount of $58,122. The fair value of the 34,603,100 total Navios Container’s shares outstanding as of November 30, 2018 was determined by using the closing share price of $4.96, as of that date.
As of November 30, 2018, Navios Holdings’ interest in Navios Containers with a carrying value of $6,078 was remeasured to fair value of $6,269, resulting in a gain on obtaining control in the amount of $191 and is presented within “Bargain gain upon obtaining control” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss)/income.
The results of operations of Navios Containers are included in Navios Holdings’ consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss)/income following the completion of the conversion of Navios Maritime Containers Inc. into a limited partnership on November 30, 2018.
Question:
What was the change in direct vessel expenses between 2018 and 2019?
Answer: -44088-(-5282) = -38806