Table:
|  | Twelve Months Ended December 31, |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |
| Net loss | $(1,383) | $(5,361) | $(4,262) | $(3,161) | $(3,711) |
| Depreciation and amortization | 15,921 | 14,068 | 12,692 | 9,887 | 7,574 |
| Interest expense | 991 | 296 | 910 | 698 | 455 |
| Income tax expense | 144 | 77 | 75 | 66 | 58 |
| EBITDA | $15,673 | $9,080 | $9,414 | $7,490 | $4,376 |
| Loss on disposal of equipment | 787 | 142 | 104 | 190 | 94 |
| Non-cash share-based compensation | 7,834 | 6,808 | 4,438 | 4,193 | 3,924 |
| Launch expense (a) | 4,563 | 3,540 | 3,066 | 2,813 | 2,626 |
| Plant start-up expenses (b) | — | — | — | 1,628 | — |
| Warrant fair valuation (c) | — | — | 335 | 49 | (503) |
| Secondary offering expenses (d) | 302 | 362 | — | — | 593 |
| Leadership transition expenses (e) | — | — | 63 | 1,291 | — |
| Litigation expense (f) | — | 348 | 145 | — | — |
| Adjusted EBITDA | $29,159 | $20,280 | $17,565 | $17,654 | $11,110 |
| Adjusted EBITDA as a % of Net Sales | 11.9% | 10.5% | 11.5% | 13.6% | 9.8% |
Paragraphs:
The following table provides a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to net loss, the most directly comparable financial measure presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
(a) Represents new store marketing allowance of $1,000 for each store added to our distribution network, as well as the non-capitalized freight costs associated with Freshpet Fridge replacements. The expense enhances the overall marketing spend to support our growing distribution network.
(b) Represents additional operating costs incurred in connection with the start-up of our new manufacturing lines as part of the Freshpet Kitchens expansion project in 2016 that included adding two additional product lines.
(c) Represents the change of fair value for the outstanding common stock warrants. All outstanding warrants were converted to common stock in September 2017.
(d) Represents fees associated with secondary public offerings of our common stock
(e) Represents charges associated with our former Chief Executive Officer’s separation agreement as well as changes in estimates associated with leadership transition costs.
(f) Represents fees associated with two securities lawsuits
Question:
What financial items does EBITDA consist of as shown in the table?
Answer: Net loss, Depreciation and amortization, Interest expense, Income tax expense