Table:
|  |  |  | Year Ended May 31, |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  | Percent Change |  |
| (Dollars in millions) | 2019 | Actual | Constant | 2018 |
| restructuring expenses | $443 | -25% | -22% | $588 |
Paragraphs:
Restructuring Expenses: restructuring expenses resulted from the execution of management approved restructuring plans that were generally developed to improve our cost structure and/or operations, often in conjunction with our acquisition integration strategies. restructuring expenses consist of employee severance costs and may also include charges for duplicate facilities and other contract termination costs to improve our cost structure prospectively. For additional information regarding our restructuring plans, see Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual report.
Restructuring expenses in fiscal 2019 primarily related to our 2019 restructuring Plan. restructuring expenses in fiscal 2018 primarily related to our 2017 restructuring Plan, which is substantially complete. Our management approved, committed to and initiated these plans in order to restructure and further improve efficiencies in our operations. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, our management supplemented the 2019 restructuring Plan to reflect additional actions that we expect to take. The total estimated restructuring costs associated with the 2019 restructuring Plan are up to $584 million, of which approximately $108 million remained as of May 31, 2019, and will be recorded to the restructuring expense line item within our consolidated statements of operations as the costs are incurred through an expected end date during fiscal 2020. Our estimated costs are subject to change in future periods. We may incur additional restructuring expenses in future periods due to the initiation of new restructuring plans or from changes in estimated costs associated with existing restructuring plans .
Question:
What is included in restructuring expenses?