ssanni/dolly-15k-RP huggingface dataset:
Instruction: What are popular young adult books?
Response: Young adult novels typically tell a coming to age story with a main character in their teens or early adulthood.  From 2000-2015, common books for young adults are Harry Potter, Divergent, and The Hunger Games. Since them, young adult novels are more often showing themes of diversity, inclusion, and overcoming adversity and less focused on action-based storytelling. A popular graphic novel series, Heartstopper, is a good example of a popular book focused on DEI. This eventually turned into a high-profile television show on Netflix.
Instruction: Extract the names of the original songs Sandler performed on Saturday Night Live and list them in bullet format.
Context: In 1987, Sandler played Theo Huxtable's friend Smitty on The Cosby Show and the Stud Boy or Trivia Delinquent on the MTV game show Remote Control. After his film debut in Going Overboard in 1989, Sandler performed in comedy clubs, having first taken the stage at his brother's urging when he was 17. He was discovered by comedian Dennis Miller, who caught Sandler's act in Los Angeles and recommended him to Saturday Night Live producer Lorne Michaels. Sandler was hired as a writer for SNL in 1990, and became a featured player the following year. He made a name for himself by performing amusing original songs on the show, including "The Thanksgiving Song" and "The Chanukah Song". Sandler told Conan O'Brien on The Tonight Show that NBC fired him and Chris Farley from the show in 1995. Sandler used his firing as part of his monologue when he returned in 2019 to host the show.
Response: -The Thanksgiving Song
-The Chanukah Song
Instruction: What is the highest score possible in ten pin bowling?
Response: The highest possible score in ten pin bowling is 300.
Instruction: Which are the five best manufacturers of electric vehicles sold in the United States?
Response: 1. Tesla
2. Hyundai
3. Volkswagon
4. Chevrolet 
5. Nissan
Instruction: How many miles per year does the average person drive?
Response: 13,500
Instruction: Does Alaska have any professional sports teams?
Response: There are no professional sports teams in Alaska. There are some semi-professional and minor league organizations, such as Division I collegiate sports, junior hockey teams, and college summer baseball teams.
Instruction: List of Italian horse breeds
Response: List of Italian horse breeds:

- Anglo-Arabo Sardo
- Appeninico
- Avelignese or Haflinger
- Bardigiano
- Calabrese
- Catria horse
- Cavallo Romano della Maremma Laziale
- Esperia Pony
- Giara horse
- Italian Trotter
- Lipizzano
- Maremmano
- Monterufolino
- Murgese
- Napoletano
- Norico
- Pentro horse
- Persano
- Purosangue Orientale
- Salernitano
- Samolaco horse
- Sanfratellano
- Sarcidano
- Sella Italiano
- Siciliano indigeno
- Tolfetano
- TPR
- Ventasso horse
Instruction: Are there still grizzly bears in California?
Response: No, although the grizzly bear is a symbol of California, grizzly bears are extinct in California
Instruction: How many judges did President Trump apoint?
Context: Trump ordered a travel ban on citizens from several Muslim-majority countries, diverted military funding towards building a wall on the U.S.–Mexico border, and implemented a policy of family separations for apprehended migrants. He rolled back more than 100 environmental policies and regulations in an aggressive attempt to weaken environmental protections. Trump signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, which cut taxes for individuals and businesses and rescinded the individual health insurance mandate penalty of the Affordable Care Act. He appointed 54 federal appellate judges and three U.S. Supreme Court justices. Trump initiated a trade war with China and withdrew the U.S. from the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement, the Paris Agreement on climate change, and the Iran nuclear deal. Trump met with North Korean leader Kim Jong-un three times, but made no progress on denuclearization. He reacted slowly to the COVID-19 pandemic, ignored or contradicted many recommendations from health officials in his messaging, and promoted misinformation about unproven treatments and the need for testing.
Response: He appointed 57 judges, 54 federal appellate judges and three U.S. Supreme Court justices.
Instruction: Who was the first human to walk on the moon?
Response: Neil Armstrong was the first human to set foot on the moon.
Instruction: My friend recommended a TV show about kids fighting monsters. It is set in the 80s and one of the kids has magical powers. Do you know what it is called?
Response: Your friend might have been talking about Stranger Things, a TV show on Netflix set in the fictional town of Hawkins during the 1980s. The story focuses on four childhood friends who meet a girl with magical powers named Eleven, who might be the key to stopping the monsters that are terrorizing their town.
Instruction: What was the Battle of Midway?
Context: The Battle of Midway was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II that took place from 4–7 June 1942, six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea. The U.S. Navy under Admirals Chester W. Nimitz, Frank J. Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance defeated an attacking fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy under Admirals Isoroku Yamamoto, Chūichi Nagumo, and Nobutake Kondō north of Midway Atoll, inflicting devastating damage on the Japanese fleet. Military historian John Keegan called it "the most stunning and decisive blow in the history of naval warfare", while naval historian Craig Symonds called it "one of the most consequential naval engagements in world history, ranking alongside Salamis, Trafalgar, and Tsushima Strait, as both tactically decisive and strategically influential"
Response: The Battle of Midway was the turning point of the Pacific Naval Campaign of WW2 and occurred June 4-7, 1942.  The US Navy, under Chester Nimitz defeated the Imperial Japanese Navy and sunk 4 of their aircraft carriers.  This was a significant setback for the Japanese and marked the first major defeat of the Imperial Japanese fleet in WW2.
Instruction: What is RBI?
Response: The Reserve Bank of India, chiefly known as RBI, is India's central bank and regulatory body responsible for regulation of the Indian banking system. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Finance, Government of India. It is responsible for the control, issue and maintaining supply of the Indian rupee. 
It also manages the country's main payment systems and works to promote its economic development. Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran (BRBNM) is a specialised division of RBI through which it prints and mints Indian currency notes (INR) in four of its currency printing presses located in Nashik (Maharashtra; Western India), Dewas (Madhya Pradesh; Central India), Mysore (Karnataka; Southern India) and Salboni (West Bengal; Eastern India). 
The RBI established the National Payments Corporation of India as one of its specialised division to regulate the payment and settlement systems in India. Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation was established by RBI as one of its specialised division for the purpose of providing insurance of deposits and guaranteeing of credit facilities to all Indian banks.
Instruction: What are some examples of cockney rhyming slang?
Response: Cockney rhyming slang is a tradition of substituting a word with a phrase that rhymes with the original word. Often the last part of the phrase is omitted making the slang even more opaque to outsiders. The practice is also common in Australia and other cultures influenced by the British. Common examples include "Use your loaf" meaning "Use your head" via the rhyme "loaf of bread" for "head", "Stop telling porkies" meaning "Stop telling lies" via "pork pies" for "lies", or "Who's turn is it to buy the Britneys?" with "Britneys" meaning "beers" via "Britney Spears".
Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Blowfish or Toucan
Response: Blowfish
Instruction: Categorize  the below names into fishes and insects.
 Hilsa, Catla, Maggot, Mite
Response: Insects - Maggot, Mite
Fish - Hilsa, Catla
Instruction: Give me a bullet list of 8 different pastel colors I could paint my wall
Response: - Baby blue
- Robin blue
- Pale pink
- Rose
- Light green
- Lilac
- Pale yellow
- Tan
Instruction: Given this paragraph about Himmerland, which is the largest city in Himmerland?
Context: Himmerland is a peninsula in northeastern Jutland, Denmark. It is delimited to the north and the west by the Limfjord, to the east by the Kattegat, and to the south by the Mariager Fjord. The largest city is Aalborg; smaller towns include Hobro, Aars, Løgstør, Støvring and Nibe. In northeastern Himmerland is the Lille Vildmose, Denmark's largest raised bog, which sustains a rich bird life of international importance.
Response: Aalborg is the largest city in Himmerland.
Instruction: Given this paragraph about ext3, tell me why its better than ext2 and its successor.
Context: ext3, or third extended filesystem, is a journaled file system that is commonly used by the Linux kernel. It used to be the default file system for many popular Linux distributions. Stephen Tweedie first revealed that he was working on extending ext2 in Journaling the Linux ext2fs Filesystem in a 1998 paper, and later in a February 1999 kernel mailing list posting. The filesystem was merged with the mainline Linux kernel in November 2001 from 2.4.15 onward. Its main advantage over ext2 is journaling, which improves reliability and eliminates the need to check the file system after an unclean shutdown. Its successor is ext4
Response: ext3 is better than ext2 because of its journaling capabilities, which improve reliability and eliminates the need to check the file system after an unclean shutdown. The successor of ext3 is ext4.
Instruction: What is the average interest rate for a 30 year mortgage in the United States?
Response: The average interest rate for a 30 year mortgage in the United States as of Tuesday, March 28th is 7.9%. The interest rate that you'll actually for a mortgage get depends on your lender, credit score, and debt to income ratio, among other things.
Instruction: Correct the typos in these sentences
Context: Aziz career began on teh legal sector. He worked as a lawyer on Lebanon before being appointed as a jduge in 1947.
Response: Aziz's career began in the legal sector. He worked as a lawyer in Lebanon before being appointed as a judge in 1947.
Instruction: What is Occam's razor?
Response: Occam’s razor is a principle of theory construction or evaluation according to which, other things equal, explanations that posit fewer entities, or fewer kinds of entities, are to be preferred to explanations that posit more. It is sometimes misleadingly characterized as a general recommendation of simpler explanations over more complex ones.
Instruction: How is the order of the NFL draft determined?
Response: The order of the NFL draft is determined by the record of each team during the previous season. The teams with the worst records choose before the teams with better records.
Instruction: What are the official forms of written Norwegian?
Context: As established by law and government policy, the two official forms of written Norwegian are Bokmål (literally 'book tongue') and Nynorsk ('new Norwegian'). The official Norwegian Language Council (Språkrådet) is responsible for regulating the two forms, and recommends the terms Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk in English.[citation needed] Two other written forms without official status also exist. One, called Riksmål ('national language'), is today to a large extent the same language as Bokmål though somewhat closer to the Danish language. It is regulated by the unofficial Norwegian Academy, which translates the name as 'Standard Norwegian'. The other is Høgnorsk ('High Norwegian'), a more purist form of Nynorsk, which maintains the language in an original form as given by Ivar Aasen and rejects most of the reforms from the 20th century; this form has limited use.
Response: The two official forms of written Norwegian are Bokmål and Nynorsk.
Instruction: What are the words of House Targaryen?
Response: "Fire and Blood"
Instruction: What is the Pizza history?
Context: Modern pizza evolved from similar flatbread dishes in Naples, Italy, in the 18th or early 19th century.
The word pizza was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy. Pizza was mainly eaten in Italy and by emigrants from there. This changed after World War II when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.
Response: The history of pizza begins in antiquity, as various ancient cultures produced basic flatbreads with several toppings.

A precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flatbread known to the Romans as panis focacius, to which toppings were then added. Modern pizza evolved from similar flatbread dishes in Naples, Italy, in the 18th or early 19th century.

The word pizza was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy. Pizza was mainly eaten in Italy and by emigrants from there. This changed after World War II when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.
Some commentators have suggested that the origins of modern pizza can be traced to pizzarelle, which were kosher for Passover cookies eaten by Roman Jews after returning from the synagogue on that holiday, though some also trace its origins to other Italian paschal bread. Other examples of flatbreads that survive to this day from the ancient Mediterranean world are focaccia (which may date back as far as the ancient Etruscans); Manakish in the Levant, coca (which has sweet and savory varieties) from Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands; the Greek Pita; Lepinja in the Balkans; or Piadina in the Romagna part of Emilia-Romagna in Italy
Instruction: Tell me a bulleted list of events that happened in this paragraph grouped by year
Context: The Purdue University football team traces its origin back to October 29, 1887, when its team fell to Butler College by a score of 48–6 in Indianapolis, Indiana. A group of students at Purdue University formed the school's first football team in 1887. Albert Berg was hired as the coach. Despite being deaf, Berg was reportedly "the only man in the territory with any knowledge of the game." Berg was 23 years old when he became Purdue's football "coacher." He was paid $1 for each lesson he gave to the newly organized football team and had only one week to prepare the team for its first game. The 1887 Purdue team played its only game on October 29, 1887, against the Butler College team at Athletic Park in Indianapolis. Butler soundly defeated Berg's squad by a score of 48–6. After the loss to Butler, Purdue did not field a football team again until 1889.
Response: Sure, here is a bulleted list of events that happened in the mentioned paragraph grouped by year:

1887
* A group of students at Purdue University formed the school's first football team
* Albert Berg was hired as the coach
* On October 29, 1887, Purdue University football team fell to Butler College by a score of 48–6 in Indianapolis, Indiana

1889
* First time that Purdue fielded a football team since their loss to Butler College on October 29, 1887
Instruction: What is solar wind?
Response: Solar wind is a force that results from discharged light and gas particles from stars.
Instruction: From this passage, extract the treatments for ACO in a bulleted list.
Context: Treatment of ACO is based on expert opinion as there are no universally accepted clinical guidelines. Treatment is usually based on whether clinical features of asthma or COPD predominate. Inhaled corticosteroids are the primary treatment in those with ACOS. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) should be continued in those with asthma who develop decreased airway responsiveness to bronchodilators consistent with ACO. Therapy can be escalated to include a long acting beta-agonist (LABA) and inhaled steroid combination (ICS-LABA) or by adding on a long-acting anti-muscarinic inhaler (LAMA), known as triple therapy, in those with more severe or resistant disease.

Monoclonal antibodies targeting type 2 inflammation (which is predominant in asthma) have been used to treat severe asthma, and may also be used in severe cases of ACO. These monoclonal antibodies include omalizumab (an Anti-IgE antibody), mepolizumab (an anti-IL-5 antibody) and benralizumab (an anti-IL-5 receptor α antibody). People with ACOS and eosinophilia have a better response to ICS; with fewer exacerbations and hospitalizations seen in ACOS treated with long term ICS. Systemic corticosteroids (intravenous or oral steroids) may be used during exacerbations of ACOS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma-COPD_overlap
Response: -Inhaled corticosteroids
-long acting beta-agonist (LABA) and inhaled steroid combination (ICS-LABA)
-triple therapy (in other words, adding on a long-acting anti-muscarinic inhaler (LAMA)
-monoclonal antibodies targeting type 2 inflammation
-systemic corticosteroids (intravenous or oral steroids)
Instruction: Classify each job as a "blue collar" or "white collar" job: auditor, electrician, plumber, data scientist, financial analyst, construction worker
Response: Auditor: White Collar
Electrician: Blue Collar
Plumber: Blue Collar
Data Scientist: White Collar
Financial Analyst: White Collar
Construction Worker: Blue Collar
Instruction: What does BATNA stand for?
Response: Best - Alternative - To - A - Negotiated - Agreement
Instruction: 15 days Europe plan
Response: Amsterdam - 2 Days
Belgium- 3 Days
Paris - 2 Days
Zurich -1 Day
Interlaken - 2 Days
Venice - 2 Days
Naples and Capri - 2 Days
Rome - 2 Days
Athens - 2 Days
Santorini - 3 Days
Instruction: Give a list of proper nouns in the passage.
Context: Kendall Boiler and Tank Company Building is a one-story commercial edifice located on 275 Third Street in Kendall Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts. The brick building was formerly owned by the Kendall Boiler and Tank Company and is part of the Blake and Knowles Steam Pump Company National Register District, on the National Register of Historic Places.
Response: Kendall Boiler and Tank Company Building
Third Street
Kendall Square
Cambridge
Massachusetts
Kendall Boiler and Tank Company
Blake and Knowles Steam Pump Company National Register District
National Register of Historic Places
Instruction: Which chapel on Rutger's campus was built 7 years after the New Jersey College for Women?
Context: Voorhees Chapel is one of two chapels on the campus of Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Built in 1925 with a donation from Elizabeth Rodman Voorhees, wife of Rutgers trustee Ralph Voorhees, the chapel once served the community of Douglass College. Douglass, founded the New Jersey College for Women (founded in 1918), was the women's residential college at Rutgers.
Response: The Voorhees Chapel was built in 1925, seven years after the New Jersey College for Women was founded by Elizabeth Rodman Voorhees.
Instruction: How many innings are played in a professional baseball game?
Response: Nine innings are played in a professional baseball game.
Instruction: Give me a list of south Indian breakfast dishes I should try.
Response: Some of the south Indian breakfast dishes you could try are:
* Dosa
* Idly
* Appam
* Puttu
* Vada
* Pongal
* Upma
* Idiyappam
* Uttappam
Instruction: Extract from the following passage two key uses of electricity in modern technology.
Context: Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations. Various common phenomena are related to electricity, including lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges and many others.
The presence of either a positive or negative electric charge produces an electric field. The movement of electric charges is an electric current and produces a magnetic field. In most applications, a force acts on a charge with a magnitude given by Coulomb's law. Electric potential is typically measured in volts.
Electricity is at the heart of many modern technologies, being used for:
a. Electric power where electric current is used to energise equipment;
b. Electronics which deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies.
Electrical phenomena have been studied since antiquity, though progress in theoretical understanding remained slow until the 17th and 18th centuries. The theory of electromagnetism was developed in the 19th century, and by the end of that century electricity was being put to industrial and residential use by electrical engineers. The rapid expansion in electrical technology at this time transformed industry and society, becoming a driving force for the Second Industrial Revolution. Electricity's extraordinary versatility means it can be put to an almost limitless set of applications which include transport, heating, lighting, communications, and computation. Electrical power is now the backbone of modern industrial society.
Response: Electricity is at the heart of many modern technologies, being used for:
a. Electric power where electric current is used to energise equipment;
b. Electronics which deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies.
Instruction: What was the primary mode of transportation across the San Francisco bay prior to the Golden Gate Bridge?
Context: Before the bridge was built, the only practical short route between San Francisco and what is now Marin County was by boat across a section of San Francisco Bay. A ferry service began as early as 1820, with a regularly scheduled service beginning in the 1840s for the purpose of transporting water to San Francisco.

The Sausalito Land and Ferry Company service, launched in 1867, eventually became the Golden Gate Ferry Company, a Southern Pacific Railroad subsidiary, the largest ferry operation in the world by the late 1920s. Once for railroad passengers and customers only, Southern Pacific's automobile ferries became very profitable and important to the regional economy. The ferry crossing between the Hyde Street Pier in San Francisco and Sausalito Ferry Terminal in Marin County took approximately 20 minutes and cost $1.00 per vehicle,[when?] a price later reduced to compete with the new bridge. The trip from the San Francisco Ferry Building took 27 minutes.
Response: The only (practical) way to get across the San Francisco Bay prior to 1937 was by Ferry. The Golden Gate Ferry Company, which became the largest ferry operation by the late 1920's, was established in 1867 as the Sausalito Land & Ferry Company. The ferry would take approximately 20 minutes and cost $1.00 per vehicle.
Instruction: How many grandslams are there in Tennis in one year?
Response: There are four grandslams in one year. It starts with Australian open which is played on hard court. Second one is French open which is played on clay court. Third is Wimbledon which is played on grass court and final one is US Open is played on hard court.
Instruction: What is the right size brad nail for crown moulding?
Response: In most cases you can use 18-gauge 2-in brad nails. When choosing the correct size nail you want to consider the thickness of the crown moulding, the thickness of the stud and  the thickness of your drywall.  In most cases your crown moulding will be 1/2 inch with 1/2 inch drywall. At least half of your nail should be in the stud.  If your crown moulding or drywall is thicker than 1/2 inch you should consider a longer nail.
Instruction: What is a crypto (cryptocurrency)?
Response: A cryptocurrency, crypto-currency, or crypto is a digital currency designed to work as a medium of exchange through a computer network that is not reliant on any central authority, such as a government or bank, to uphold or maintain it. It is a decentralized system for verifying that the parties to a transaction have the money they claim to have, eliminating the need for traditional intermediaries, such as banks, when funds are being transferred between two entities.
Instruction: Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Water buffalo, Eastern honey bee
Response: Eastern honey bee is wild, Water buffalo is domesticated
Instruction: Classify each of the following universities as public or private: Duke, Wake Forest, University of Florida, Florida Atlantic University, University of Alabama, Harvard, Yale
Response: Duke: Private
Wake Forest: Private
University of Florida: Public
Florida Atlantic University: Public
University of Alabama: Public
Harvard: Private
Yale: Private
Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Panga or Pangea
Response: Panga
Instruction: From the text, extract the locations in which outrigger vessels are present in. Separate them with commas.
Context: These vessels were the first true ocean-going ships, and are an important part of the Austronesian heritage. They were the vessels that enabled the Austronesian expansion from Taiwan into the islands of both the Indian and Pacific Ocean from around 3000 BC. They comprise the bulk of traditional boats in Island Southeast Asia, Island Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, and Madagascar. They have spread to other cultures Austronesians came into contact with, notably in Sri Lanka and southern India as well as in the coast of East Africa. In modern times, outrigger vessels are used in the sport of sailing. Catamaran and trimaran configurations are also widely used for high speed craft.
Response: Taiwan, Island Southeast Asia, Island Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, southern India, East Africa
Instruction: What are some of the natural materials used in construction?
Context: Building material is material used for construction. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, wood, and even twigs and leaves, have been used to construct buildings. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic. The manufacturing of building materials is an established industry in many countries and the use of these materials is typically segmented into specific specialty trades, such as carpentry, insulation, plumbing, and roofing work. They provide the make-up of habitats and structures including homes.
Response: Clay, rocks, sand and wood are some of the common natural materials used in construction.
Instruction: Given this text give me short summary about Beavers
Context: Beavers (genus Castor) are large, semiaquatic rodents of the Northern Hemisphere. There are two existing species: the North American beaver (Castor canadensis) and the Eurasian beaver (C. fiber). Beavers are the second-largest living rodents, after capybaras, weighing up to 30 kilograms (66 lb). Beavers have stout bodies with large heads, long chisel-like incisors, brown or gray fur, hand-like front feet, webbed back feet, and tails that are flat and scaly. The two species differ in skull and tail shape and fur color. Beavers can be found in a number of freshwater habitats, such as rivers, streams, lakes and ponds. They are herbivorous, consuming tree bark, aquatic plants, grasses and sedges.
Response: Here is a short summary about Beavers:
There are two existing species - North American and Eurasian.
They are the second-largest living rodents. 
Physically species of Beaver can vary in terms of fur colour but they all have webbed back feet, hand-like front feet and flat scaly tails. Long chisel-like incisors are a key feature. 
Beavers can be found in freshwater habits. 
They are herbivores.
Instruction: As an immigrant , do you miss your country?
Response: As an immigrant, it feels like you are away from your family. It feels like you work hard to give good life to your family. But with all that sacrifice you want to give best of both worlds to your kid. But when you hear news like shootings in school, as an immigrant we get afraid. I wish if there is a world which is so beautiful that people love each other. They care for each other. There are no rules that always keep you at the edge if you have to uproot your family from one country to another because of visa restrictions and what not. As an immigrant we want to raise our child in the best way possible. I am still looking for such a place on earth. If anyone of you are aware of such a place, please let me know., I hope the world in its entiriety becomes a peaceful, happy clean place to live.
Instruction: Who says Pi is Wrong?
Response: In the early 21st century, Bob Palais (a mathematician) and Michael Hartl (a physicist) declared that Pi, the traditional circle constant, was wrong.  Their argument is that Pi, defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, is not the most effective or clear way to describe the geometry of a circle.

Palais and Hartl contend that the ratio of a circle's circumference to its radius is a more useful constant.  They chose to name this new constant Tau.  Arithmetically, Tau = 2*Pi.

They argued that Tau produces cleaner mathematical equations throughout physics, mathematics, and statistics and, further, that it makes it easier to teach trigonometry and analytic geometry to new learners.
Instruction: What are some good ski resorts for beginners?
Response: Most ski resorts have excellent beginner areas (often called bunny hills), which are labeled as "green runs". These areas are also where beginner ski lessons are taught. In some cases, though, beginners prefer to go to smaller or less expensive ski resorts as they are not able to take advantage of the more difficult terrain on a larger mountain. In that case, a smaller, cheaper ski resort might be better for a beginner; these tend to be located on smaller mountains and can often be more convenient to nearby cities and towns, although the snow quality and number of ski runs is often significantly less.
Instruction: Give me a list of 3 of the best movies quotes I've never used
Response: * "Two? Make it three, I'm not driving" - Kevin McCallister (Home Alone 2: Lost in New York)
* "Oh yeah, you blend" - Mona Lisa Vito (My Cousin Vinny)
* "We were just driving by to get some ice cream. Thought you might like to join us." - Buck Russell (Uncle Buck)
Instruction: Who are the most influential female computer scientists of all time?
Response: Ada Lovelace
Grace Hopper
Hedy Lamarr
Annie Easley
Mary Wilkes
Adele Goldberg
Radia Perlman
Katherine Johnson
Instruction: What is Flink?
Response: Apache Flink is an open-source, unified stream-processing and batch-processing framework developed by the Apache Software Foundation. The core of Apache Flink is a distributed streaming data-flow engine written in Java and Scala. Flink executes arbitrary dataflow programs in a data-parallel and pipelined manner.
Instruction: Is the sun a star or a planet?
Response: The sun is not a planet but a star. It is not only the nearest and sole star in our solar system, it also happens to be its center.
Instruction: Classify each of the following as a language or religion: Spanish, Catholicism, Islam, Judaism, Mandarin, Arabic
Response: Spanish: Language
Catholicism: Religion
Islam: Religion
Judaism: Religion
Mandarin: Language
Arabic: Language
Instruction: When did Delaware join the United States?
Response: Delaware was admitted to the union on December 7, 1787.
Instruction: What are the different kind of hits in baseball?
Response: The different kind of hits in baseball are a single, double, triple, and home run.
Instruction: When and where was the first major agitation led by Gandhi, tell me who this agitation was against,  which crop led to this agitation and why this agitation happened.
Context: Gandhi's first major achievement came in 1917 with the Champaran agitation in Bihar. The Champaran agitation pitted the local peasantry against largely Anglo-Indian plantation owners who were backed by the local administration. The peasants were forced to grow indigo (Indigofera sp.), a cash crop for Indigo dye whose demand had been declining over two decades, and were forced to sell their crops to the planters at a fixed price. Unhappy with this, the peasantry appealed to Gandhi at his ashram in Ahmedabad. Pursuing a strategy of nonviolent protest, Gandhi took the administration by surprise and won concessions from the authorities.
Response: First major agitation was in 1917 in Champaran Bihar state. The agitation was against Anglo-Indian plantation owners. Indigo was the crop that led to this agitation and the reason was the lower fixed price for the Indigo crop.
Instruction: Tell me whether these foods need to be refrigerated or be frozen: milk, meat, sea food, fruit
Response: Milk and fruit need to be refrigerated while meat and sea food in general need to be frozen.
Instruction: What is dialtune drums?
Response: Dialtune is a cable tuning system for drums. Using separate dials for the top and bottom heads, drummers can find the exact sound they're looking for faster, change drumheads in under a minute, and explore new creative possibilities without compromise. While Cable tuning is not new, Dialtune has improved upon it with a patented system that makes it the only cable-tuning drum that can independently tune the top and bottom heads using separate dials on either side of the drum. Additionally, changing drumheads doesn't require removing the cable. Dialtune's quick-release hoops make changing a drumhead simple and easy.
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Talempong, Guitar
Response: Guitar is string, Talempong is percussion.
Instruction: What are the words of House Baratheon?
Response: "Ours is the Fury"
Instruction: Which is heavier: 1kg of flour or 1kg of steel?
Response: A kilogram (kg) is a unit of weight, so it doesn't matter what material is being weighed - a kilogram will always be equal to a kilogram. Therefore, both weigh the same.
Instruction: What is the California Alpine Club?
Response: The California Alpine Club (CAC) is a membership club with overnight lodges on Mount Tamalpais in Mill Valley, CA and at Echo Lake, which is 20 minutes outside of South Lake Tahoe.
Instruction: The Coquerel's coua species was named after who?
Context: Coquerel's coua (Coua coquereli) is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It was named in 1867 by the French naturalist Alfred Grandidier in honor of the French navy surgeon and naturalist Charles Coquerel. Coquerel's coua is approximately 40 cm (16 in) in length and has a large blue patch of bare skin around the eye, a characteristic of the Coua genus that is similar to African turacos. The plumage is silky, the crown is black, the upper parts and tail are light brown or greyish-brown, and the lower breast and belly is suffused with red. The iris is red and the beak and legs are slaty grey. As a member of the cuckoo family, it has a reversible third toe and resembles the coucal in its method of scrambling through tangled bushes and lianas while searching for food. Observations indicate that it can climb about 10 m (30 ft) above the ground.
Response: The Coquerel's coua species was named after the French navy surgeon and naturalist Charles Coquerel.
Instruction: How can I get my dog to stop barking?
Response: There are a few ways to reduce the amount your dog. Dogs can bark for few reasons. Perhaps they want your attention, or they might be fearful or anxious and are barking to alert you. Also, barking habits can also be very breed specific. Some breeds are known to be more vocal than other breeds. It's important to try and understand why they are barking to then initiate the proper course of action to address their barking habits. If you believe they are barking for attention, one idea is to make sure you are not rewarding their barking by distracting them with a treat or playtime. By doing this, you are teaching them that if they bark, the dog will get what they want. Instead, you might want to consider a couple items. First, is the dog getting enough exercise or releasing their energy. Increase their stimulation by walking them more, playing with them, or socializing them with other dogs or humans. This added stimulation may reduce their need for attention. If they are barking because they are fearful or anxious, think about what is happening or what the environment is that may be cause their fear or anxiety. Then, try and change the environment or situation so the dog feels safe. One action that may help is providing a safe place for your dog, such as a dog crate or dog bed, so they know exactly what to do when they are afraid or anxious. Training them to go to their safe place may provide the comfort they need to reduce their barking habits.
Instruction: In the 2005 Lexus Cup, how many members did each team have?
Context: The 2005 Lexus Cup was the inaugural edition of the annual golf match competed by women representing Asia and an international squad. Each team was made up of twelve members. The competition took place at the Tanah Merah Country Club in Singapore from 9–11 December 2005. Lexus was he title sponsor while Rolex, DBS, Singapore Airlines, and Singapore Sports Council are main sponsors. The total purse was US$960,000, with $50,000 going to each member of the winning team and $30,000 to members of the other team.
Response: Each team was made up of twelve members.
Instruction: Give me a list of the top clean beauty brands for women in their 20s
Response: -Westman Atelier 
-Ilia 
-Kosas 
-RMS Beauty
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Hornpipe, Gusli
Response: Gusli is string, Hornpipe is woodwind.
Instruction: This table lists the change over time in population of a small town in France. Between  which two consecutive entries from the table did the rate of population growth change the most? Explain your math.
Context: Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1911	752	—    
1962	437	−41.9%
1968	486	+11.2%
1975	398	−18.1%
1982	393	−1.3%
1990	382	−2.8%
1999	395	+3.4%
2008	441	+11.6%
Response: The rate of population growth changed the most between the entries for 1962 and 1968. Between 1911 and 1962, there was a -41.9% change in population, and between 1962 and 1968 there was a +11.2% change in population. The rate of change of population growth was |(−41.9% - +11.2%)| = 53.1% change, which is larger than the absolute difference between any other two consecutive rows in the table.
Instruction: Who spoke at NYU's 2022 commencement?
Response: Taylor Swift spoke at NYU's 2022 commencement.
Instruction: Why is professional wrestling entertaining?
Response: Professional wrestling is one of the best forms of entertainment.  First, it's an incredible display of physical talent.  Professional wrestling and acrobats are showcasing their physical attributes in a partially choregraphed dance.  There is an element of improv in professional wrestling.  Wrestlers often are calling the match as the action happens.  The next set of moves can be greatly influenced from the crowd's reaction.  The "pop" of the crowd, if you will.  Finally, the best wrestlers are ones that are amplified versions of their true selves.  The audience can detect an inauthentic speech on the mic.  Those wrestlers who combine their charisma to their true gimmick are the ones that turn the normal fan to a mark.
Instruction: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Electro, Black Lightning
Response: Electro is Marvel, Black Lightning is DC
Instruction: Why is JDAM so cost effective?
Context: The Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) is a guidance kit that converts unguided bombs, or "dumb bombs", into all-weather precision-guided munitions. JDAM-equipped bombs are guided by an integrated inertial guidance system coupled to a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, giving them a published range of up to 15 nautical miles (28 km). JDAM-equipped bombs range from 500 to 2,000 pounds (230 to 910 kg). The JDAM's guidance system was jointly developed by the United States Air Force and United States Navy, hence the "joint" in JDAM. When installed on a bomb, the JDAM kit is given a GBU (Guided Bomb Unit) identifier, superseding the Mark 80 or BLU (Bomb, Live Unit) nomenclature of the bomb to which it is attached.

The JDAM is not a stand-alone weapon; rather it is a "bolt-on" guidance package that converts unguided gravity bombs into precision-guided munitions (PGMs). The key components of the system consist of a tail section with aerodynamic control surfaces, a (body) strake kit, and a combined inertial guidance system and GPS guidance control unit.

The JDAM was meant to improve upon laser-guided bomb and imaging infrared technology, which can be hindered by bad ground and weather conditions. Laser seekers are now being fitted to some JDAMs.
Response: The Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) is a guidance kit that converts unguided bombs to precision-guided munitions. There are several reasons why JDAM is one of the most cost effective weapons ever invented.

By using GPS navigation, the JDAM guidance kit can be extremely cheap, as low as $25k/kit.  It is likely cheaper than any other precision-guided weapons.

GPS navigation provides good targeting precision, typically within meters. Combined with blast radius of 500-2000 lbs unguided bombs, JDAM can effectively destroy any targets on the ground.

Because JDAM has navigation capability, pilots no longer need to precisely aim the bombers  against the targets. It allows a bomber to quickly and precisely hit multiple targets along the route.

Some JDAM guidance kits include targeting sensors, such as laser targeting. They can be used against mobile targets, which further increases the use cases for JDAM.

In summary, by combining dumb bombs with a guidance kit, JDAM becomes a very cost effective weapon system, and is widely adopted by the US and other military forces.
Instruction: How does screen printing work?
Response: Screen printing is also referred to as silk screen printing. It is essentially the process of printing an image or artwork onto a surface by pushing ink through a screen. The screens are pulled tight and held in a metal or wood frame. Much like a picture frame. Depending on the detail of the artwork, the screens can have different size weave. The weave is essentially how tight the screen is woven and how large the holes in the screen are. For more detailed designs, the screen used will be woven very close and tight so the holes are very small and let less ink through. This allows for very thin lines and detail. Each screen can print 1 color at a time. So, to print a design with multiple colors, there needs to be multiple screens. 1 screen per color. Many screen printing presses have large rotating arms that hold the screens. The arms rotate for each color to be printed individually.
Instruction: What's an unpopular opinion you have?
Response: An unpopular opinion I have is that 5:00 pm in the evening is the best time to eat dinner. Many cultures enjoy eating dinner late at night. Many young people prefer to eat at night so that they can enjoy the company of friends and a drink at night. Typically, only elderly people and small children eat dinner at an earlier time. I prefer to eat dinner early because most of the best restaurants have open reservations at 5:00 pm, so I can almost always get a good table. I'm not particularly eager to eat late in the evening because then I have a hard time sleeping at night. I prefer to have dinner at 5:00 pm because it starts the evening earlier, forces you to leave work and allows you to spend the whole evening with your friends and family. It leaves space for the evening to unfold.
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Balaban, Lute
Response: Lute is string, Balaban is woodwind.
Instruction: Give me a list of the great synth-pop artists and a song for each that I might not have heard.
Response: Sure, here is a short list of Synth-pop artists with songs that you may not have heard yet:
- Blondie – Heart Of Glass (1978)
- Kraftwerk – The Model (1978)
- Gary Numan – Cars (1979)
- OMD – Electricity (1979)
- John Foxx – Underpass (1980).
Instruction: Which city is the best to relocate in Texas
Response: Texas offers some great places to live, if you like city life. The prominent choices can be Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, Austin, all of which are part of the Texas triangle, and are connected by 2-3 hours drive. Houston and Dallas are bigger and dense metropolitans. San Antonio and Austin have smaller footprints but the proximity to hill country makes them more charming in terms of geography. Some other places to consider also can be Corpus Christi, Lubbock and El Paso, but are a bit distant.
Instruction: Which is better the Free Software Movement or the Open Source Initiative?
Context: Both the modern free software movement and the Open Source Initiative were born from a common history of Unix, Internet free software, and the hacker culture, but their basic goals and philosophy differ, the free software movement being more focused on the ethics of software, and their open source counterparts being more focused on practical benefits. The Open Source Initiative chose the term "open source," in founding member Michael Tiemann's words, to "dump the moralizing and confrontational attitude that had been associated with 'free software'" and instead promote open source ideas on "pragmatic, business-case grounds."
Response: The Free Software Movement is the better organization for me since I also hold a high value on ethics and believe in that vision.
Instruction: What are the defining characteristics of a Ramly Burger?
Context: Aside from producing burger meat and other frozen foods, the company is also known for its street stalls, which have sold the Ramly Burger in every state in Malaysia since 1979. The defining characteristic of a Ramly Burger is the patty itself wrapped in an omelette and topped with several condiments, which may include ketchup, mayonnaise, chili sauce, Worcestershire sauce, and/or Maggi seasoning, depending on the vendor. The term "Ramly Burger" has been used as a genericized trademark for similarly-prepared burgers which are not necessarily made with the Ramly beef patty as well. They are considered a local favourite, especially by city dwellers. It is estimated that there are over 25,000 Ramly Burger stalls nationwide as of 2015, with the monthly average income of about RM 5,000.

The burger (patties) has been banned in Singapore due to the meat coming from sources which are not on the Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore approved list of Commercial Food Imports for Meats which could pose a potential health risk. Singaporean street vendors continue to use the Ramly Burger wrapper.
Response: The defining characteristic of a Ramly burger is that the burger patty is wrapped inside of an omelette and topped with various condiments like maggi seasoning, ketchu, mayonnaise, chili sauce or Worcestershire sauce. It is a local Malaysian favorite but banned in Singapore
Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Sea bream or Sea shell
Response: Sea bream