ssanni/dolly-15k-RP huggingface dataset:
Instruction: What is the Tau Circle Constant?
Response: Tau is defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its radius.  Some 21st century mathematicians and physicists believe Tau is a better choice than Pi for use in science and mathematics.

Like Pi, Tau is an irrational and transcendental number.  In decimal form, the value of Tau is 6.283185…

Part of the motivation for Tau is the observation that the number 2*Pi or 2π occurs with surprising frequency throughout science and mathematics.  This raises the question of whether Pi is really an important number or something equal to two times Pi is actually more important.  Perhaps the implication is that Pi is exactly one half of some very important number!

Further consideration of the question leads to several compelling observations:

	- Using C/r as the key circle constant is better aligned with the way we define a circle: the set of all points a fixed distance (r) form a give point.
	- Radian angle measurements of fraction of a circle make much more sense when Tau is used as the base constant.  Using Pi, on quarter of a circle is Pi is Pi/2, one half is Pi, and the angle of a a full circle is 2*Pi.  With Tau, the angle measures are intuitively aligned to the fraction of a circle: a quarter circle is Tau/4, a half circle is Tau/2 and the angle of a full circle is Tau.  
	- Similarly, the radian zeroes, max, and min of the sin and cosine functions align to fractions of Tau in an intuitive fashion that aids, rather than confuses, understanding.
	- Key formulas that traditionally use Pi actually show more clear mathematical meaning when expressed using Tau.  For example, the area of a circle itself, when expressed with Tau, shows the same pattern of quadratic forms in distance fallen, spring energy, and kinetic energy.
	- Similarly, the tau-based formula for circular area actually confirms to the original proof by Archimedes showing that area of a circle equals the area of a triangle with base C (circumference) and height r (radius):  A = 1/2 b*h = 1/2 C*r = 1/2 (Tau*r)*r = 1/2 Tau*r^2.


Tau has seen significant adoption since it was originally proposed.  

The relationship between Tau and Pi is very simple.  Tau = 2*Pi.  Perhaps just as informative is the fact that Tau > Pi.
Instruction: What is Original Joe's restaurant and where are they located?
Context: Original Joe's is a duo of restaurants in the North Beach neighborhood of San Francisco and the Westlake neighborhood of Daly City. They serve a wide variety of foods, mostly Italian-American cuisine with some mainstream American favorites. Their "signature" dishes include Joe's Special, Chicken Parmigiana, the Joe's Famous Hamburger Sandwich and a variety of steaks and chops.
Response: Original Joe's is a duo of restaurants in the North Beach neighborhood of San Francisco and the Westlake neighborhood of Daly City.
Instruction: How many football national championships has the University of Georgia won?
Response: The University of Georgia has won the football national championship four times - in 1942, 1980, 2021, and 2022.
Instruction: Who invented Calculus?
Response: Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz invented the foundations of Calculus at around the same time.
Instruction: Give me a summary about the company Nobo
Context: Nobo is a manufacturing company in Norway. It started as NOrsk BOttefabrikk (the Norwegian Bucket Factory) in Lade, Trondheim in 1918 - the name Nobo is a contraction of the original title. The factory originally produced only buckets, but later made several sheet iron products as well. It now manufactures desks, electric wall heaters and filing cabinets. The company developed and a new factory was built in Stjordal. Nobo then produced electric heating accessories only, which it is still doing today.

In the 1990s the original Nobø factory was closed down and the area is now a housing estate of about 220 houses and flats, called Ingemann Torps Street or Nobø-tomta (Nobø-field). The area was planned by Heimdal Utbyggingsselskap and Pir II Architects.
Response: Nobo is a manufacturing company in Norway. It started as NOrsk BOttefabrikk (the Norwegian Bucket Factory) in Lade, Trondheim in 1918 - the name Nobo is a contraction of the original title. The factory originally produced only buckets, but later made several sheet iron products as well. It now manufactures desks, electric wall heaters and filing cabinets. The company developed and a new factory was built in Stjordal. Nobo then produced electric heating accessories only, which it is still doing today.

In the 1990s the original Nobo factory was closed down and the area is now a housing estate of about 220 houses and flats, called Ingemann Torps Street or Nobo-tomta (Nobo-field). The area was planned by Heimdal Utbyggingsselskap and Pir II Architects.
Instruction: What are the top three most popular collectible cardgames?
Response: 1. Magic:  The Gathering
2. Pokemon
3. Yu-Gi-Oh!
Instruction: Extract the name of the universities Norman Alan Burges studied at from the text. List them using bullets.
Context: Norman Alan Burges CBE (5 August 1911 – 4 October 2002), was an Australian botanist who became the first vice-chancellor of the New University of Ulster in Coleraine, Northern Ireland.

He was born 5 August 1911, in East Maitland, New South Wales, and took his first degree in MSc at the University of Sydney, then studied for his PhD in mycology at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. After a short period as a Research Fellow at Emmanuel, at the outbreak of war in 1939 he joined the Royal Air Force serving in Bomber Command. After the war he returned to Australia and in 1947 became professor of botany at the University of Sydney, and later dean of the Faculty of Science and a Fellow of Senate there. he also acted as the honorary general secretary of the Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science during that period.
Response: - University of Sydney
- Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Instruction: Who is the next superpower country?
Context: Currently, only the United States fulfills the criteria to be considered a superpower. However, the United States is no longer the only uncontested foremost superpower and the world's sole hyperpower to dominate in every domain (i.e. military, culture, economy, technology, diplomatic).

Since the 1990s, China, the European Union, India, and Russia have been commonly described as potential superpowers. Japan was formerly considered a potential superpower due to its high economic growth. However, its status as a potential superpower has eroded since the 1990s due to an aging population and economic stagnation.
Response: A nation with the capacity to have great power and influence on the international stage is considered a prospective superpower. These nations have the ability to significantly influence the world due to their combination of economic, political, and military might. While the United States and the Soviet Union were generally considered superpowers during the Cold War, the phrase has now come to refer to other nations as well.

Because of its fast expanding economy and military might, China is sometimes mentioned as a potential superpower. The nation's Belt and Road Initiative is viewed as a major step toward enhancing its worldwide influence. India, on the other hand, is a possible threat because of its enormous population, quickly expanding economy, and potent military.

Due to its combined economic and political might, the European Union is another prospective superpower. Despite having a small military, it has a substantial amount of influence and soft power. Another nation that has been mentioned as a prospective superpower is Russia, which has a sizable military and abundant natural resources. Yet, recent economic troubles could hinder its ability to rise to superpower status.

Brazil's enormous population, wealth of natural resources, and expanding economy are other factors that make it a prospective powerhouse. The nation's participation in international negotiations on climate change as well as its leadership in Latin America have contributed to an increase in its impact on the global scene.
Instruction: Best Airline in the world
Response: 1. Quatar airway
2. Singapore Airlines
3. Emirates
Instruction: Extract key reported metrics and their values along with the year the metric is reported from the given text in the format {Metric} - {Year} - {value} and show them as a list
Context: Indian Railways (IR) is a statutory body under the ownership of the Ministry of Railways, Government of India that operates India's national railway system. It manages the fourth largest national railway system in the world by size, with a total route length of 68,043 km (42,280 mi), running track length of 102,831 km (63,896 mi) and track length of 128,305 km (79,725 mi) as of 31 March 2022. 50,394 km (31,313 mi) of all the gauge routes are electrified with 25 kV 50 Hz AC electric traction as of 1 April 2022.

In 2020, Indian Railways carried 808.6 crore (8.086 billion) passengers and in 2022, Railways transported 1418.1 million tonnes of freight. It runs 13,169 passenger trains daily, on both long-distance and suburban routes, covering 7,325 stations across India. Mail or Express trains, the most common types of trains, run at an average speed of 50.6 km/h (31.4 mph).
Response: Passengers - 2020 - 808.6 crore 
Tonnes of Freight - 2022 - 1418.1 million tonnes
Total Passenger Trains - 2022 - 13,169 
Total Route Length - Year - 68,043 km
Running Track Length - 2022 - 102,831 km
Track Length - 2022 - 50,394 km
Electrified Gauge Route - 2022 - 50,394 km
Average Speed - - 31.4 mph
Instruction: Tell me whether these pokemon are electric or grass type: Pikachu, Bulbasaur, Zapdos, Voltorb, Oddish, Bellsprout
Response: Pikachu: Electric
Bulbasaur: Grass
Zapdos: Electric
Voltorb: Electric
Oddish: Grass
Bellsprout: Grass
Instruction: Name a few popular metal genres
Response: Thrash Metal, Death Metal, Melodic Death Metal, Power Metal, Crossover, Grindcore, Symphonic Metal, Doom Metal, Death Core
Instruction: Which Taylor Jenkins Reid books have been made into a production (movie or TV)?
Response: One True Loves is being made into a movie. Daisy Jones & The Six just came out on Amazon Video as a television adaptation. The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo is being made into a movie. Malibu Rising is being made into a television adaptation.
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Pellet drum, Rajao
Response: Rajao is string, Pellet drum is percussion
Instruction: What is Baumkuchen made of?
Context: Baumkuchen (German pronunciation: [ˈbaʊ̯mˌkuːxn̩] (listen)) is a kind of spit cake from German cuisine. It is also a popular dessert in Japan. The characteristic rings that appear in its slices resemble tree rings, and give the cake its German name, Baumkuchen, which literally translates to "tree cake" or "log cake".

History
It is disputed who made the first Baumkuchen and where it was first baked. One theory is that it was invented in the German town of Salzwedel, which is further popularized by the town itself. Another theory suggests it began as a Hungarian wedding cake.[citation needed] In Ein new Kochbuch (lit. "A New Cookbook"), the first cookbook written for professional chefs by Marx Rumpolt, there is a recipe for Baumkuchen. This publication puts the origin of Baumkuchen as far back at 1581, the year the cookbook was first published. Marx Rumpolt had previously worked as a chef in Hungary and Bohemia.[citation needed]

Characteristics

Baumkuchen baked on a spit
Traditionally, Baumkuchen is made on a spit by brushing on even layers of batter and then rotating the spit around a heat source. Each layer is allowed to brown before a new layer of batter is poured. When the cake is removed and sliced, each layer is divided from the next by a golden line, resembling the growth rings on a crosscut tree. A typical Baumkuchen is made up of 15 to 20 layers of batter. However, the layering process for making Baumkuchen can continue until the cakes are quite large. Skilled pastry chefs have been known to create cakes with 25 layers and weighing over 100 pounds (45 kg). When cooked on a spit, it is not uncommon for a finished Baumkuchen to be 3–4 feet (0.91–1.22 m) tall.

Baumkuchen ingredients are typically butter, eggs, sugar, vanilla, salt, and flour. Baking powder is not considered a traditional ingredient. The ratio of flour, butter and eggs is typically 1:1:2 respectively (i.e., 100 grams of flour, 100 grams of butter and 200 grams of eggs). The recipe can be varied by adding other ingredients, such as ground nuts, honey, marzipan, nougat and rum or brandy, to the batter or filling. Additionally, Baumkuchen may be covered with sugar or chocolate glaze. With some recipes, the fully baked and cooled Baumkuchen is first coated with marmalade or jam, and then covered with chocolate.
Response: Baumkuchen ingredients are typically butter, eggs, sugar, vanilla, salt, and flour. Baking powder is not considered a traditional ingredient. The ratio of flour, butter and eggs is typically 1:1:2 respectively (i.e., 100 grams of flour, 100 grams of butter and 200 grams of eggs).
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of Aaron Fenster's accomplishments.
Context: Aaron Fenster is a medical physicist at the University of Western Ontario Robarts Research Institute in London, Ontario, Canada. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for his contributions to medical imaging and three-dimensional ultrasound-guided interventions. He is also a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences and co-program director of the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Imaging Program. He holds Ph.D. from the University of Toronto and received further training at the Ontario Cancer Institute.
Response: - Medical physicist at the University of Western Ontario Robarts Research Institute.
- Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
- Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences. 
- Co-program director of the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Imaging Program. 
- Completed a Ph.D. from the University of Toronto.
Instruction: How is Robert Lugn's leadership characterized?
Context: Lugn was promoted to lieutenant in 1950 and attended the Royal Swedish Army Staff College in from 1955 to 1957 and conducted military studies in Germany, Belgium and The Netherlands in 1956. He became captain of the General Staff Corps in 1960 and was appointed section chief in the Organisation Department of the Army Staff. Lugn conducted military studies in Norway in 1961.

In 1965, Lugn served in the Swedish Battalion in Cyprus, part of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) and in 1966 he was promoted to major of the General Staff Corps. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the General Staff Corps in 1968 and served in Göta Life Guards (P 1) in 1970. In 1972, Lugn was promoted to colonel of the General Staff Corps and appointed section chief in the Army Staff. From 1975 to 1977, he served as acting regimental commander of Hälsinge Regiment (I 14) and Gävleborg Defence District (Gävleborgs försvarsområde, Fo 49) when he was promoted to senior colonel and was appointed Chief of Staff of the Western Military District. Lugn was promoted to major general and appointed Chief of the Army Staff and Chief of the General Staff Corps in 1979.

As Chief of the Army Staff, he led the difficult balancing work between quality and quantity in the conscript army within the given financial framework. His written instructions to the staff were marked by a good pen. They expressed his enduring interest in quality in the army's war organization. Lugn's interaction with the staff members was characterized by consideration pairing with great humor. His laid-back leadership style created a good atmosphere that eased employees' sometimes heavy workload. Lugn then served as Chief of Home Guard from 1 October 1983.

As Chief of Home Guard, Lugn made radical changes to the Home Guard. He got the servicemen to accept that they belonged to an army unit and introduced military training to all servicemen. It was revolutionary for the Home Guard, which until then admittedly received weapons training but very little unit training. Now the servicemen were trained in groups and also in working platoons and the training included all the elements that a soldier needs to be able to have. He also made sure that the platoons got heavier weapons such as machine guns and recoilless rifles. Lugn also took hold of the higher education of the commander and introduced a higher education of circuit Home Guard commanders, which led to competence as battalion commander. Lugn served as Chief of Home Guard until his retirement on 1 March 1988.
Response: Major General Per Erick Robert Lugn leadership carried a laid back leadership style that ultimately created a good atmosphere, specially easing the workload of the staff members.
Instruction: What is the next big thing after cloud computing ?
Response: Consensus suggests that Edge commuting with be the next big technology  to compliment cloud compute.
Instruction: which country surrounds India?
Response: India shares borders with many countries like China, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, and Burma. India is also surrounded by the Bay of Bengal, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Indian Ocean.
Instruction: From the passage find the major production areas where Avocado is cultivated. Display the results in comma separated format.
Context: The avocado (Persea americana) is a medium-sized, evergreen tree in the laurel family (Lauraceae). It is native to the Americas and was first domesticated by Mesoamerican tribes more than 5,000 years ago. Then as now it was prized for its large and unusually oily fruit. The tree likely originated in the highlands bridging south-central Mexico and Guatemala. Its fruit, sometimes also referred to as an alligator or avocado pear, is botanically a large berry containing a single large seed. Avocado trees are partly self-pollinating, and are often propagated through grafting to maintain consistent fruit output. Avocados are presently cultivated in the tropical and Mediterranean climates of many countries. Mexico is the world's leading producer of avocados as of 2020, supplying nearly 30% of the global harvest in that year.

The fruit of domestic varieties have smooth, buttery, golden-green flesh when ripe. Depending on the cultivar, avocados have green, brown, purplish, or black skin, and may be pear-shaped, egg-shaped, or spherical. For commercial purposes the fruits are picked while unripe and ripened after harvesting. The nutrient density and extremely high fat content of avocado flesh are useful to a variety of cuisines and are often eaten to enrich vegetarian diets.

In major production regions like Chile, Mexico and California the water demands of avocado farms place strain on local sources. Avocado production is also implicated in other externalities, including deforestation and human rights concerns associated with the partial control of their production in Mexico by organized crime. Global warming is expected to result in significant changes to the suitable growing zones for avocados, and place additional pressures on the locales in which they are produced due to heat waves and drought.
Response: Chile, Mexico, California
Instruction: During which year Emperor Shapur II learned to play polo?
Context: The game's English name derives from the Balti language, from its word for 'ball', polo. It is cognate with the Standard Tibetan pulu, also meaning 'ball'.

Although the exact origins of the game are not certain, many scholars suggest it most likely began as a simple game played by Iranic and Turkic equestrian nomads in Central Asia. An archaic variation of polo, regionally referred to as buzkashi or kokpar, is still played in parts of Central Asia. It was developed and formalised in Ancient Iran (Persia) as "chovgan" (čowgān), becoming a national sport played extensively by the nobility. Women played as well as men. During the period of the Parthian Empire (247 BC to 224 AD), the sport had great patronage under the kings and noblemen. According to The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity, the Persian ball game was an important pastime in the court of the Sasanian Empire (224–651). It was also part of the royal education for the Sasanian ruling class. Emperor Shapur II learnt to play polo at age seven in 316 AD.
Response: 316 AD
Instruction: Extract the various manufacturers and suppliers of the Tomahawk missile and separate them by comma
Context: The Tomahawk (/ˈtɒməhɔːk/) Land Attack Missile (TLAM) is a long-range, all-weather, jet-powered, subsonic cruise missile that is primarily used by the United States Navy and Royal Navy in ship and submarine-based land-attack operations.

Under contract from the U.S. Navy, the Tomahawk was designed at the APL/JHU in a project led by James Walker near Laurel, Maryland, and was first manufactured by General Dynamics in the 1970s. It was intended to fill the role of a medium- to long-range, low-altitude missile that could be launched from a naval surface warfare platform, and featured a modular design accommodating a wide variety of warhead, guidance, and range capabilities. At least six variants and multiple upgraded versions of the TLAM have been added since the original design was introduced, including air-, sub-, and ground-launched variants with conventional and nuclear armaments. In 1992–1994, McDonnell Douglas Corporation was the sole supplier of Tomahawk Missiles and produced Block II and Block III Tomahawk missiles and remanufactured many Tomahawks to Block III specifications. In 1994, Hughes outbid McDonnell Douglas Aerospace to become the sole supplier of Tomahawk missiles. By 2019, the only variants in service were non-nuclear, sea-launched variants manufactured by Raytheon. In 2016, the U.S. Department of Defense purchased 149 Tomahawk Block IV missiles for $202.3 million.
Response: General Dynamics, McDonnell Douglas Corporation, Hughes, Raytheon
Instruction: Where is the best place to vacation in the Bahamas?
Response: Harbour Island is a small island in the Bahamas, accessible via the airport at North Eleuthera. Flights leave Miami, Fort Lauderdale or Nassau, several times daily. From Florida, Harbour Island is a 45min paddle jumper flight to North Eleuthera and then a 10 minute speed boat. 
Harbour Island has 8 hotels, Coral Sands, Pink Sands, Ramora Bay, Valentines, The Rockhouse, and The Dunmore. The Landing. All are boutique hotels. Coral Sands is about 90 rooms and the largest. There are no cars allowed in Harbour Island. Everyone travels by golf cart. Restaurants are great on the Island, and no visit is complete without a visit to Daddy D's nightclub.
Instruction: What do economists do?
Response: Economists study a diverse range of social issues whose outcomes are driven by the choices of individuals under resource constraints and limited information. There are various subfields in economics:

- Microeconomists study the supply and demand decision of individuals and firms, such as how profits can be maximized and how much of a good or service consumers will demand at a certain price. 
- Industrial/Organizational Economists study the market structure of particular industries in terms of the number of competitors, and the market decisions of competitive firms and monopolies. These economists may also be concerned with antitrust policy and its impact on market structure.
- Macroeconomists study historical trends in the whole economy and forecast future trends in areas such as unemployment, inflation, economic growth, productivity, and investment. 
Financial Economists study the money and banking system and the effects of rising interest rates. 
- Public Finance Economists primarily are involved in studying the role of the government in the economy and the effects of tax cuts, budget deficits, and welfare policies.
International Economists study international financial markets, exchange rates, and the effects of various trade policies such as tariffs.
- Labor Economists study the supply and demand for labor and the determination of wages. These economists also try to explain the reasons for unemployment, and the effects on labor markets of changing demographic trends such as an aging population and increasing immigration. 
- Econometricians are involved in all areas of economics and use mathematical techniques such as calculus, game theory, and regression analysis to formulate economic models. These models help to explain economic relationships and are used to develop forecasts related to the nature and length of business cycles, the effects of a specific rate of inflation on the economy, the effects of tax legislation on unemployment levels, and other economic phenomena. Many economists have applied these fundamental areas of economics to more narrow areas with specific applications such as health, education, agriculture, urban and regional economics, law, history, energy, and the environment. 

Economists may work in Business, Finance Government and Academia.
Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a drink or a food: apple juice, cake, hamburger, carrot, orange juice, soda.
Response: apple juice is a drink
cake is a food
hamburger is a food
carrot is a food
orange juice is a drink
soda is a drink
Instruction: Why do cats purr?
Context: In domestic cats, many signals that occur when interacting with humans seem to originate from when the animal was dependent on the mother. Cats have been observed to purr for most of their lifespan, starting from when they were young and suckling from their mother. Purring may have developed as an evolutionary advantage as a signaling mechanism of reassurance between mother cats and nursing kittens. Post-nursing cats often purr as a sign of contentment: when being petted, becoming relaxed, or eating. Some purring may be a signal to another animal that the purring cat does not pose a threat.
Response: Cats purr for a variety of reasons. Purring can be a sign of contentment or comfort, for example when being pet, while relaxing or eating. It is thought that purring may have developed as an evolutionary trait signaling reassurance between the mother cat and its nursing kittens.
Instruction: What style of music is played in the World of Warcraft game?
Context: Almost all of the music in World of Warcraft is orchestral, with a wide variety of classical and folk instruments in harmony, often playing widely transformative, non-repetitive melodies. While the player is in game, music is usually playing from a set of tracks composed to match the mood of the type of environment your character is in such as "mountain", "forest", "plains", "jungle", et cetera; while some individual zones and cities such as Elwynn Forest and Thunder Bluff are given their own set of tracks. Some environments play different music depending on the time of day you are in them.
Response: Most of the music in World of Warcraft is orchestral, with a variety of classical and folk instruments in harmony.
Instruction: What are close cities to Legonice?
Context: Łęgonice [wɛnɡɔˈnit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą, within Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) west of Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą, 36 km (22 mi) south-west of Grójec, and 74 km (46 mi) south-west of Warsaw.

The village has a population of 440.
Response: Close cities to Legonice are Nowe Miasto nad Pilica, Grojec, and Warsaw.
Instruction: Based on this paragraph when was the last time we sent them to space?
Context: Tardigrades are the first known animal to survive after exposure to outer space. In September 2007, dehydrated tardigrades were taken into low Earth orbit on the FOTON-M3 mission carrying the BIOPAN astrobiology payload. For 10 days, groups of tardigrades, some of them previously dehydrated, some of them not, were exposed to the hard vacuum of outer space, or vacuum and solar UV radiation. Back on Earth, more than 68% of the subjects protected from solar UV radiation were reanimated within 30 minutes following rehydration, although subsequent mortality was high; many of these produced viable embryos. In contrast, hydrated samples exposed to the combined effect of vacuum and full solar UV radiation had significantly reduced survival, with only three subjects of Milnesium tardigradum surviving. Also, it was found that the space vacuum did not have a significant effect on egg-laying in either R. coronifer or M. tardigradum. However, M. tardigradum exposed to UV radiation had a lower egg laying rate. In May 2011, Italian scientists sent tardigrades on board the International Space Station along with extremophiles on STS-134, the final flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour. Their conclusion was that microgravity and cosmic radiation "did not significantly affect survival of tardigrades in flight, and stated that tardigrades represent a useful animal for space research." In November 2011, they were among the organisms to be sent by the U.S.-based Planetary Society on the Russian Fobos-Grunt mission's Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment to Phobos; however, the launch failed. In August 2019, scientists reported that a capsule containing tardigrades in a cryptobiotic state may have survived for a while on the Moon after the April 2019 crash landing of Beresheet, a failed Israeli lunar lander, but in May 2021 it was reported that they were unlikely to have survived the impact.
Response: The last record of us sending Tardigrades into space was in April 2019, which had an unfortunate ending after the lunar lander, the Beresheet, failed and crash-landed on the moon.
Instruction: What is the best way to cook a steak?
Response: Because tastes differs, there are no best way to cook a steak.

Here are some optimized ways to cook steak.

Fastest way to cook a steak - cast iron skillet.  Pan sear room temperature steak in a host cast iron skillet; sear the steak on both sides; baste with melted butter / herbs until done to the desired doneness; rest/cut/serve.

Most consistent way to cook a steak - sou vide followed by flame torch the exterior.  Season steak on both sides / edges; put into vacuum bag, vacuum bag, put under sous vide water bath at 130F for 1-4 hours; take it out of the bag, pat dry; use flame torch to char both sides; rest/cut/serve.

Most scientific way to cook a steak - cold sear.  Put steak into non-sticking pan on high for 2 minutes; flip once and cook for another 2 minutes; reduce heat to medium low, flip and cook for another 2 minutes; flip and cook for another 2 minutes; keep on flipping / cooking for 2 minutes until reaching desired doneness; season; rest/cut/serve.
Instruction: What is the city of Seattle known for?
Response: Seattle is located in the northwest corner of the United States and is known for its overcast and rainy weather. Seattle has a strong coffee culture, in part because Starbucks was started there. The surrounding Cascade mountains and Puget Sound provide plenty of outdoor adventures, such as boating, rock climbing, and hiking. Many famous musicians started in Seattle, including Nirvana and Macklemore.
Instruction: What is algebra and who invented it?
Response: Algebra is the study of variables and the rules for manipulating these variables in formulas.
The word algebra(in Arabic al-jabr) comes from the title of the early 9th century book ʿIlm al-jabr wa l-muqābala "The Science of Restoring and Balancing" by the Persian mathematician and astronomer al-Khwarizmi. He used the term al-jabr for the operation of moving a term from one side of an equation to the other.
here is a basic algebra equation:
2 + x = 4
by moving 2 to the other side of the equation we will have:
x = 4 - 2
x = 2
Instruction: What is a group of cats called?
Response: A group of cats is called a clowder.
Instruction: What is your favorite fast-casual restaurant and why?
Response: Chipotle is my favorite place to grab a quick bite to eat.  The food is fresh and delicious. Plus, they offer a simple menu and have high quality ingredients.   It is also very affordable.  The Barbacoa bowl tastes amazing and is my favorite thing to order
Instruction: Write a manifesto for the "Be IRL" movement. The movement advocates being present to your surroundings and fellow humans, vs being immersed in the virtual world created by our smartphones.
Response: New "technology" comes with incredible benefits, but also incredible long term harms. Think of plentiful calories (no fear of starvation) vs the obesity epidemic. Now think, constant dopamine vs incredible lack of connection to our environment, no new friends and a loneliness epidemic.

We see it all around us like some dystopian movie. Everyone is looking down at their phones, their eyes and ears oblivious to everything around them. Colleges, the very places that should be bursting with energy, laughter, and serendipitous lifelong friendships, have become places full of people with few friends, constantly scrolling in search of the ever decreasing dopamine hit from a like or just something "new".
Instruction: Jill, a 60-year-old personal training client, wants to improve her hip flexibility. Identify two exercises commonly done in a Pilates class that would address core strength and flexibility, thus improving Jill's lower back health.
Response: One exercise is the criss-cross, which helps target the participant’s core strength and flexibility. The participant alternates bringing one shoulder towards the opposing knee, while keeping their hands on the back of their head, lying face-up, and curling their head up. Another exercise would be plank leg lift, which starts as a regular high plank. The participant alternates lifting one leg off the floor, keeping their core engaged to stabilize the movement.
Instruction: define rainbow clours
Response: VIBGYOR  Violet–Indigo–Blue–Green–Yellow–Orange–Red
Instruction: Why is soccer the most popular sport in the world?
Response: Soccer is the most popular sport in the world because of several reasons including: It is easy to understand the rules and thus it is easy to play.  The scoring system is simple - one goal equals 1 point.  It does not require a lot of equipment.  As a soccer player you have a lot of freedom in decision making compared to other sports like American football where players are expected to follow specific directions and plays from the coach.  Soccer can be played in many different formats - from official team sizes with 11 players vs. 11 players to smaller teams of 2 players vs 2 players.  Soccer is fun and exciting to play or watch.
Instruction: How do you make Crawfish bread?
Response: Ingredients
1 pound crawfish tail meat, peeled, cleaned and deveined
1/2 stick butter
1 clove garlic, minced
3/4 cup chopped and drained ripe tomatoes
1 tablespoon Cajun seasoning
3/4 cup Monterey Jack Cheese
1/4 cup grated Parmesan
1/2 cup mayonnaise
3 tablespoons chopped fresh parsley
1 loaf French bread

Directions :
1. Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. 
2. Rinse the crawfish. In a large skillet, melt the butter over medium heat. Add the garlic and cook for a few minutes. Add the tomatoes, Cajun seasoning and crawfish. Saute for 1 minute. Remove from the heat. 
3. In a bowl, mix together the cheeses, mayonnaise and parsley. Add the tomato and crawfish mixture to the mayo mixture. 
4. Cut the loaf of bread in half and then cut the bread lengthwise. Spoon the mixture on the bread and bake for 10 to 15 minutes. Then broil for an additional 3 to 5 minutes. Watch closely, as not to burn. 
5. Cut the bread into individual portions and serve.
Instruction: Give me a summary of Dataphor based on this text
Context: Dataphor is an open-source truly-relational database management system (RDBMS) and its accompanying user interface technologies, which together are designed to provide highly declarative software application development. The Dataphor Server has its own storage engine or it can be a virtual, or federated, DBMS, meaning that it can utilize other database engines for storage.

Dataphor has been praised for its adherence to relational principles, more closely so than any SQL product.
Response: Dataphor is an open-source database management system that provides a declarative software application development that has been praised for its adherence to relational principles. The Dataphor Server has its own storage engine but it can also utilize other database engines for storage that are virtual or federated DBMS.
Instruction: Write an intro to a startup communications company that no longer exists
Response: BB Networking, Inc. is one of today's most exciting next-generation communication 
service providers. BBN enables small and medium-sized businesses to utilize the kind of 
communication solutions that were previously only the domain of larger companies. 
BBN provides local, long distance, and wireless voice services, dedicated 
Internet access, and advanced Internet services, including remote access, virtual private 
networks (VPN), web hosting, video, and high-tech applications through its own network. 
BBN provides not only access to sophisticated communications tools but 
simplicity as well. Customers within BBN's network footprint can simply plug into a 
BBN wall jack and immediately have access to a full range of cutting edge 
communication and Internet services as well as innovative E-business solutions. Formed 
with the partnership of America's premier real estate firms and venture capital firm 
Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, BBN is leading a revolution by delivering 
comprehensive communications, Internet and E-business solutions to small and medium 
businesses. BBN currently spans several hundred million square feet and 
nearly twenty-five percent of the commercial office space in the United States across its 
real estate owner partnerships.
Broadband needs to develop ordering processes so that it’s operations will be scalable at a 
rapid pace. 
Idea Integration has assisted startup and growing telecommunications providers in the 
Washington, DC, metropolitan area for the last decade. These services have included a 
host of OSS projects including business requirements development, process development, 
new product development, and system implementation within the CLEC OSS 
environment.
Instruction: What is the capital of Spain and what is it's population?
Response: The capital of Spain is Madrid and it has approximately 3.4 million people
Instruction: Who are some of the most influential women's hockey players
Response: Hayley Wickenheiser, Cassie Campbell, Cammi Granato, Angela Ruggiero
Instruction: Choose the word which is different from the rest: chicken, snake, swan, crocodile, frog
Response: All except chicken can live in water
Instruction: Tell me whether these are TV shows or books: Modern Family, You, Don Quixote, A Tale of Two Cities,  The Little Prince
Response: Modern Family (TV Show), You (TV Show), Don Quixote (Book), A Tale of Two Cities (Book),  The Little Prince (Book)
Instruction: Describe the governing arrangements provided by the Articles of Confederation. What were the main weaknesses of the document?
Response: The Articles of Confederation (AoC) was the first written constitution of the United States. There were various governing arrangements provided by the AoC, but the most important was protecting the power or sovereignty of the states.  The state would not have ratified the AoC if the federal government did not guarantee the powers of the states. The AoC defined a federal government with a unicameral legislature (one vote per state).  This legislation had the following powers: declare war, conduct “foreign or commercial relations with other countries” (i.e. treaties), and executive functions that would be carried out by legislative committees. It also “suggested a federal court system”.  This federal government was to be funded by the states.
Though it provided these powers to the federal government, there were inherent weaknesses built into the federal government. First, there was no way for the legislature to enforce its decisions. Second, a declared war or commercial treaty required the consent of at least 9 states. Even if a war was approved, there was no federal army, only state militias. Third, the federal government relied on the states for funding.  If the states didn’t like legislation passed, they could simply withhold funding. Fourth, amendments to the AoC required the unanimous agreement of all thirteen states.  A realization came that these weaknesses inhibited the governing ability of the federal government.  This set the stage for dropping the AoC, which then lead to the current Constitution of the United States.
Instruction: Classify each of these items as footwear or headwear: wool hat, snowshoes, baseball hat, bicycle helmet, skis, flippers, and flip flops.
Response: The footwear items include: snowshoes, skis, flippers and flip flops.
The headwear items include: the wool hat, baseball hat and bike helmet.
Instruction: Which artist made the hit song One More Time?
Response: Daft Punk
Instruction: Who succeeded Howard Schultz as Chairman of Starbucks Corporation on June 2018?
Context: Myron Edward "Mike" Ullman III (born November 26, 1946) is the former chairman and CEO of J. C. Penney and on June 26, 2018, Ullman succeeded Howard Schultz as Chairman of Starbucks Corporation.
Response: Ullman served as Penney's CEO twice: first from December 2004 through October 2011, when he was succeeded by Ron Johnson, and then again after Johnson's departure, from April 2013 through July 2015 when Ullman stepped down.

On June 26, 2018, Ullman succeeded Howard Schultz as Chairman of Starbucks Corporation.

He has six siblings and his parents were residents of Canfield, Ohio. He is married to Cathy Emmons Ullman and has six children with her.
Instruction: How often do Germans vote?
Response: Federal elections in Germany are held every four years. Germans also vote in the European election, which is conducted every five years. Furthermore, state elections are typically held every five years, but the dates are staggered between different states. Finally, referendums might occur irregularly. The voter turnout varies; an individual voter might not participate in an election.
Instruction: What is the difference between a clan and a tribe
Context: In different cultures and situations, a clan usually has different meaning than other kin-based groups, such as tribes and bands. Often, the distinguishing factor is that a clan is a smaller, integral part of a larger society such as a tribe, chiefdom, or a state. In some societies, clans may have an official leader such as a chief, matriarch or patriarch; or such leadership role is performed by elders. In others, leadership positions may have to be achieved.

The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. Its definition is contested, in part due to conflicting theoretical understandings of social and kinship structures, and also reflecting the problematic application of this concept to extremely diverse human societies. The concept is often contrasted by anthropologists with other social and kinship groups, being hierarchically larger than a lineage or clan, but smaller than a chiefdom, nation or state. These terms are equally disputed. In some cases tribes have legal recognition and some degree of political autonomy from national or federal government, but this legalistic usage of the term may conflict with anthropological definitions.

In the United States, Native American tribes are legally considered to have "domestic dependent nation" status within the territorial United States, with a government-to-government relationship with the federal government.
Response: In different cultures and situations, a clan usually has different meaning than other kin-based groups, such as tribes and bands. Often, the distinguishing factor is that a clan is a smaller, integral part of a larger society such as a tribe, chiefdom, or a state. In some societies, clans may have an official leader such as a chief, matriarch or patriarch; or such leadership role is performed by elders. In others, leadership positions may have to be achieved.

The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. Its definition is contested, in part due to conflicting theoretical understandings of social and kinship structures, and also reflecting the problematic application of this concept to extremely diverse human societies. The concept is often contrasted by anthropologists with other social and kinship groups, being hierarchically larger than a lineage or clan, but smaller than a chiefdom, nation or state. These terms are equally disputed. In some cases tribes have legal recognition and some degree of political autonomy from national or federal government, but this legalistic usage of the term may conflict with anthropological definitions.

In the United States, Native American tribes are legally considered to have "domestic dependent nation" status within the territorial United States, with a government-to-government relationship with the federal government.
Instruction: What US state has the most coastline?
Response: Alaska is the state with the largest coastline at approximately 66,000 miles.
Instruction: Who are the considered to be the best soccer players of all time, and what countries are they from?
Response: Pelé (Brazil), Lionel Messi (Argentina), Cristiano Ronaldo (Portugal), Ronaldo (Brazil), Diego Maradona (Argentina), Franz Beckenbauer (Germany), George Best (Northern Ireland), Michel Platini (France), Johan Cruyff (The Netherlands), and David Beckham (England).
Instruction: What is Redshift?
Response: Amazon Redshift is a data warehouse product which forms part of the larger cloud-computing platform Amazon Web Services. It is built on top of technology from the massive parallel processing data warehouse company ParAccel, to handle large scale data sets and database migrations.
Instruction: Why do audiophiles spend lots of money on high-end audio equipment and does more expensive gear always sound better than less expensive hardware?
Response: While it is generally true that audiophiles are willing to spend more money on high-end gear than those less passionate about audio, justification for this additional financial outlay is not solely based on the equipment’s definitive sonic superiority.
 
There are a handful of key attributes that define audio equipment’s performance, including: frequency response, detail, texture, layering ability, coherency, vocal presentation, and timbre and tonality. Audiophiles typically seek out gear capable of performing well in many or all of these areas, and it is often these elevated expectations that drive an audiophile’s willingness to spend more. However, there are elements of subjectivity at play, as well as physiological differences, that can lead to variations in interpretation of what sounds “accurate” or “engaging.” Therefore, even if it is generally true that most expensive audio equipment objectively performs better than their lesser priced counterparts, individual preference and anatomy can cause differences in expectations or hearing that can lead to different perceptions of sonic performance, even with high-end audio gear.
 
The Erlkonig is an In-Ear Monitor made by German producer, Vision Ears. By many, it is thought to be one of the best In-Ear Monitors ever made. At a retail price of over $4,000, it is also generally considered to be quite expensive. Widely regarded to perform extremely well, the Erlkonig has 13 balance armature drivers, 4 user-selectable sound settings, and shells made out of silver. While non-audiophiles will likely scoff at its price and be indifferent to the Erlkonig’s specifications, many audiophiles will salivate at the chance for even a single listen. Even though many deep-pocketed audiophiles could justifiably purchase the Erlkonig, there are plenty of audiophiles and non-audiophiles who do not enjoy the IEM’s sound. For others, the shell is ergonomically incompatible with their ears. So, even if expensive audio gear on the whole performs and sounds “better” than lesser priced gear, unique preferences and anatomical variation also shape perception of sonic performance.