Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
t = int( input() )

for i in range( t ):
  l = input().split()
  n = int( l[0] )
  k = int( l[1] )

  ini = 0
  fin = 1000000000

  while ini < fin:
    med = int( (ini+fin)/2 )

    if med*(n-1) <= k:
      ini = med+1
    else:
      fin = med

  ini = ini-1
  ans = n*ini

  ans = ans+(k-ini*(n-1))
  if k == ini*(n-1):
    ans = ans-1

  print( ans )