Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import sys,math,bisect
from collections import Counter,defaultdict as dd
def data(): return sys.stdin.readline().strip()
def out(var): sys.stdout.write(str(var))
def l(): return list(sp())
def strl(): return list(strsp())
def sp(): return map(int, data().split())
def strsp(): return map(str, data().split())

for _ in range(int(data())):
    n,k= sp()
    if n > k :
        print(k)
    else:
        print(k+math.floor((k-1)/(n-1)))