Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
def result(start, end, q, n):
    q = end // n - q
    while q != 0:
        x = end // n
        start = end
        end = end + q
        return result(start, end, x, n)
    return end


t = int(input())
while t > 0:
    n, k = [int(x) for x in input().split()]
    if k >= n:
        print(result(0, k, 0, n))
    else:
        print(k)
    t -= 1