Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
# For taking integer inputs.
import math


def inp():
    return(int(input()))


# For taking List inputs.
def inlist():
    return(list(map(int, input().split())))


# For taking string inputs. Actually it returns a List of Characters, instead of a string, which is easier to use in Python, because in Python, Strings are Immutable.
def instr():
    s = input()
    return(list(s[:len(s)]))


# For taking space seperated integer variable inputs.
def invr():
    return(map(int, input().split()))


t = inp()

for _ in range(t):

    n, k = invr()
    res = k + (k-1)//(n-1)
    print(res)