Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
# cook your dish here
from sys import stdin, stdout
import math
from itertools import permutations, combinations
from collections import defaultdict
from bisect import bisect_left 
from bisect import bisect_right
 
def L():
    return list(map(int, stdin.readline().split()))
 
def In():
    return map(int, stdin.readline().split())
 
def I():
    return int(stdin.readline())
 
P = 1000000007
def main():
    for t in range(I()):
        n, k = In()
        d = k//(n-1) 
        r = k%(n-1)
        if r == 0:
            print(d*n-1)
        else:
            print(d*n+r)
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()