Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class KthNotDivisibleByN {
	public static void main(String[] args)  {
		FastScanner fs = new FastScanner();
		PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		int tc = fs.nextInt();
		for(int t = 0; t < tc; ++t) {
			int n = fs.nextInt(), k = fs.nextInt();
			System.out.println((int)Math.floor((k - 1) / (n - 1)) + k);
		}
	}
	static void sort(int[] a)   {
		ArrayList<Integer> l = new ArrayList<>();
		for(int i : a) l.add(i);
		Collections.sort(l);
		for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) a[i] = l.get(i);
	}
	static class FastScanner {
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer("");

		String next()   {
			while(!st.hasMoreTokens()) {
				try {
					st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			return st.nextToken();
		}

		int nextInt() {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}
		int[] readArray(int n) {
			int[] a = new int[n];
			for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
				a[i] = nextInt();
			return a;
		}
		long nextLong() {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}
	}
}