Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
"""
Author    : co_devil Chirag Garg
Institute : JIIT
"""
import bisect
from math import pi
from collections import deque
from math import factorial
from math import log, ceil
from collections import defaultdict
from math import *
from sys import stdin, stdout
import itertools
import os
import sys
import threading
from collections import deque, Counter, OrderedDict, defaultdict
from heapq import *
# from math import ceil, floor, log, sqrt, factorial, pow, pi, gcd
# from bisect import bisect_left,bisect_right
# from decimal import *,threading
from fractions import Fraction
mod = int(pow(10, 9)+7)
# mod = 998244353


def ii(): return int(input())


def si(): return str(input())


def mi(): return map(int, input().split())


def li1(): return list(mi())


def fii(): return int(stdin.readline())


def fsi(): return str(stdin.readline())


def fmi(): return map(int, stdin.readline().split())


def fli(): return list(fmi())


abd = {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 2, 'd': 3, 'e': 4, 'f': 5, 'g': 6, 'h': 7, 'i': 8, 'j': 9, 'k': 10, 'l': 11, 'm': 12,
       'n': 13, 'o': 14, 'p': 15, 'q': 16, 'r': 17, 's': 18, 't': 19, 'u': 20, 'v': 21, 'w': 22, 'x': 23, 'y': 24,
       'z': 25}


def getKey(item): return item[0]


def sort2(l): return sorted(l, key=getKey)


def d2(n, m, num): return [[num for x in range(m)] for y in range(n)]


def isPowerOfTwo(x): return (x and (not (x & (x - 1))))


def decimalToBinary(n): return bin(n).replace("0b", "")


def ntl(n): return [int(i) for i in str(n)]


def powerMod(x, y, p):
    res = 1
    x %= p
    while y > 0:
        if y & 1:
            res = (res * x) % p
        y = y >> 1
        x = (x * x) % p
    return res


graph = defaultdict(list)
visited = [0] * 1000000
col = [-1] * 1000000


def bfs(d, v):
    q = []
    q.append(v)
    visited[v] = 1
    while len(q) != 0:
        x = q[0]
        q.pop(0)
        for i in d[x]:
            if visited[i] != 1:
                visited[i] = 1
                q.append(i)
        print(x)


def make_graph(e):
    d = {}
    for i in range(e):
        x, y = mi()
        if x not in d:
            d[x] = [y]
        else:
            d[x].append(y)
        if y not in d:
            d[y] = [x]
        else:
            d[y].append(x)
    return d


def gr2(n):
    d = defaultdict(list)
    for i in range(n):
        x, y = mi()
        d[x].append(y)
    return d


def connected_components(graph):
    seen = set()

    def dfs(v):
        vs = set([v])
        component = []
        while vs:
            v = vs.pop()
            seen.add(v)
            vs |= set(graph[v]) - seen
            component.append(v)
        return component

    ans = []
    for v in graph:
        if v not in seen:
            d = dfs(v)
            ans.append(d)
    return ans


def primeFactors(n):
    s = set()
    while n % 2 == 0:
        s.add(2)
        n = n // 2
    for i in range(3, int(sqrt(n)) + 1, 2):
        while n % i == 0:
            s.add(i)
            n = n // i
    if n > 2:
        s.add(n)
    return s


def find_all(a_str, sub):
    start = 0
    while True:
        start = a_str.find(sub, start)
        if start == -1:
            return
        yield start
        start += len(sub)


def SieveOfEratosthenes(n, isPrime):
    isPrime[0] = isPrime[1] = False
    for i in range(2, n):
        isPrime[i] = True
    p = 2
    while (p * p <= n):
        if (isPrime[p] == True):
            i = p * p
            while (i <= n):
                isPrime[i] = False
                i += p
        p += 1
    return isPrime


def dijkstra(edges, f, t):
    g = defaultdict(list)
    for l, r, c in edges:
        g[l].append((c, r))

    q, seen, mins = [(0, f, ())], set(), {f: 0}
    while q:
        (cost, v1, path) = heappop(q)
        if v1 not in seen:
            seen.add(v1)
            path = (v1, path)
            if v1 == t:
                return (cost, path)

            for c, v2 in g.get(v1, ()):
                if v2 in seen:
                    continue
                prev = mins.get(v2, None)
                next = cost + c
                if prev is None or next < prev:
                    mins[v2] = next
                    heappush(q, (next, v2, path))
    return float("inf")


def binsearch(a, l, r, x):
    while l <= r:
        mid = l + (r-1)//2
        if a[mid]:
            return mid
        elif a[mid] > x:
            l = mid-1
        else:
            r = mid+1
    return -1


# def input():
#    return stdin.buffer.readline()


def readTree(n):
    adj = [set() for _ in range(n)]
    for _ in range(n-1):
        u, v = map(int, input().split())
        adj[u-1].add(v-1)
        adj[v-1].add(u-1)
    return adj


def treeOrderByDepth(n, adj, root=0):
    parent = [-2] + [-1]*(n-1)
    ordered = []
    q = deque()
    q.append(root)
    depth = [0] * n
    while q:
        c = q.popleft()
        ordered.append(c)
        for a in adj[c]:
            if parent[a] == -1:
                parent[a] = c
                depth[a] = depth[c] + 1
                q.append(a)
    return (ordered, parent, depth)


# n, k = map(int, input().split())
# adj = readTree(n)
# ordered, parent, depth = treeOrderByDepth(n, adj)
# # children = [0]*n
# # for nd in ordered[::-1]:
# #     if parent[nd] != -2:
# #         children[parent[nd]] += children[nd] + 1
# # value = list(map(lambda a, b: a - b, depth, children ))
# # value.sort(reverse=True)
# # print(sum(value[:k]))
# print(ordered, parent, depth

# for _ in range(ii()):
#     n = ii()
#     s = str(n)
#     l = []
#     for i in range(len(s)):
#         if int(s[i]+'0'*(len(s)-i-1)) != 0:
#             l.append(s[i]+'0'*(len(s)-i-1))
#     print(len(l))
#     print(*l)

for _ in range(ii()):
    # n, k = mi()
    # a = []
    # b = []
    # x = n
    # fa = 0
    # fb = 0
    # for i in range(k-1):
    #     if n <= 0:
    #         fa = 1
    #         break
    #     else:
    #         a.append(1)
    #         n -= 1

    # for i in range(k-1):
    #     if x <= 0:
    #         fb = 1
    #         break
    #     else:
    #         b.append(2)
    #         x -= 2
    # # print(a, b)
    # if n % 2 == 1 and fa == 0:
    #     print("YES")
    #     a.append(n)
    #     print(*a)
    # elif x % 2 == 0 and fb == 0:
    #     print("YES")
    #     b.append(x)
    #     print(*b)
    # else:
    #     print("NO")
    n, k = mi()
    ans = 0
    if k < n:
        print(k)
    else:
        n -= 1
        x = k//n
        y = k % n
        if y == 0:
            y -= 1
        print(x*(n+1)+y)