Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
public class A  {
    static FastReader in=new FastReader();
    static final Random random=new Random();
    static long mod=1000000007L;

    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
        int t=in.nextInt();
        StringBuilder res=new StringBuilder();
        
        loop:
        while(t-->0)
        {
        	long n=in.nextInt();
        	long k=in.nextInt();
        	long x=k/(n-1);
        	long sum=x*n;
        	if(k%(n-1)==0)
        	{
        		sum--;
        	}
        	res.append(sum+k-x*(n-1)+"\n");
        	
        	
        }
        print(res);
    }
    
    
    
    
    static long power(long x, long y, long p) 
    { 
        // Initialize result 
        long res = 1;      
         
        // Update x if it is more   
        // than or equal to p 
        x = x % p;  
  
       if (x == 0) return 0; // In case x is divisible by p;    
  
        while (y > 0) 
        { 
            // If y is odd, multiply x 
            // with result 
            if((y & 1)==1) 
                res = (res * x) % p; 
      
            // y must be even now 
            // y = y / 2 
            y = y >> 1;  
            x = (x * x) % p;  
        } 
        return res; 
    } 
     
    static void ruffleSort(int[] a) {
        int n=a.length;//shuffle, then sort
        for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
            int oi=random.nextInt(n), temp=a[oi];
            a[oi]=a[i]; a[i]=temp;
        }
        Arrays.sort(a);
    }

    static < E > void print(E res)
    {
        System.out.println(res);
    }


    static  int gcd(int a,int b)
    {
        if(b==0)
        {
            return a;
        }
        return gcd(b,a%b);
    }
    
    static int lcm(int a, int b)
    {
        return (a / gcd(a, b)) * b;
    }

    
    static int abs(int a)
    {
        if(a<0)
            return -1*a;
        return a;
    }

    static class FastReader
    {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public FastReader()
        {
            br = new BufferedReader(new
                    InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }

        String next()
        {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements())
            {
                try
                {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                }
                catch (IOException  e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }
        int nextInt()
        {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        long nextLong()
        {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        double nextDouble()
        {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }
        String nextLine()
        {
            String str = "";
            try
            {
                str = br.readLine();
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }

        int [] readintarray(int n) {
            int res [] = new int [n];
            for(int i = 0; i<n; i++)res[i] = nextInt();
            return res;
        }
        long [] readlongarray(int n) {
            long res [] = new long [n];
            for(int i = 0; i<n; i++)res[i] = nextLong();
            return res;
        }
    }

}