Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
t=int(input())
for i in range(t):
    n,k=map(int,input().split())
    left=0
    right=10**18
    ans=0
    while(left<=right):
        mid=left+(right-left)//2
        nseg=mid//n
        dk=(n-1)*nseg+(mid-(nseg*n))
        if(dk==k):
            ans=mid
        if(dk>=k):
            right=mid-1
        else:
            left=mid+1
    print(ans)