Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import math
no = int(input())
inList = []
mainList = []
for i in range(0,no):
    temp = []
    a, b = input().split()
    a = int(a)
    b = int(b)
    temp.append(a)
    temp.append(b)
    inList.append(temp)
for i in inList:
    a = i[1] + math.floor((i[1] - 1) / (i[0] - 1))
    print(a)