Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import math 
def r():
    return map(int,input().split())
def l():
    return list(map(int,input().split()))
def i():
    return int(input())
def si():
    return input()
def pYes():
    print("YES")
def pNo():
    print("NO")
def plist(l):
    print("".join(l))
t = int(input())
for i in range(t):
    n,k = map(int,input().split())
    r=k//(n-1) 
    q=k%(n-1)
    e=n*r
    if q==0:
        q=q-1
    print(e+q)