Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
  long long int i, t, n, k, lo, hi, mid, ans;
  cin >> t;
  while (t--) {
    cin >> n >> k;
    lo = 0;
    hi = 2 * k;
    while (lo <= hi) {
      mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
      if ((mid - (mid / n)) < k) {
        lo = mid + 1;
      } else {
        ans = mid;
        hi = mid - 1;
      }
    }
    cout << ans << endl;
  }
}