Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
test = int(input())
for t in range(test):
	n , k = map(int, input().split(' ') )
	if( k % ( n - 1) == 0 ):
		print( int( ((k/( n - 1)) * n) - 1 ))
	else:
		diff = k -  ( (k // ( n - 1)) * (n - 1))
		# print(diff)
		revk = ( k // (n - 1) ) * ( n - 1)
		# print(revk)
		x1 = ( revk // ( n - 1 ) ) * n
		print(int(x1 + diff))