Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from sys import stdin
import collections


def solve(tc):
    n, k = map(int,stdin.readline().split())
    
    kth = k
    prev = 0
    while True:
        cur = kth // n
        if cur>prev:
            kth += cur - prev
            prev = cur
        else:
            break
    print(kth)
    

LOCAL_TEST = not __debug__
if LOCAL_TEST:
    infile = __file__.split('.')[0] + "-test.in"
    stdin = open(infile, 'r')

tcs = int(stdin.readline().strip())
tc = 1
while tc <= tcs:
    solve(tc)
    tc += 1