Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.Vector;

public class gaurav {

    static class Reader {
        final private int BUFFER_SIZE = 1 << 16;
        private DataInputStream din;
        private byte[] buffer;
        private int bufferPointer, bytesRead;

        public Reader() {
            din = new DataInputStream(System.in);
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public Reader(String file_name) throws IOException {
            din = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file_name));
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public String readLine() throws IOException {
            byte[] buf = new byte[64]; // line length
            int cnt = 0, c;
            while ((c = read()) != -1) {
                if (c == '\n')
                    break;
                buf[cnt++] = (byte) c;
            }
            return new String(buf, 0, cnt);
        }

        public int nextInt() throws IOException {
            int ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();
            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            } while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public long nextLong() throws IOException {
            long ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();
            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            } while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');
            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public double nextDouble() throws IOException {
            double ret = 0, div = 1;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();

            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            } while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (c == '.') {
                while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                    ret += (c - '0') / (div *= 10);
                }
            }

            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        private void fillBuffer() throws IOException {
            bytesRead = din.read(buffer, bufferPointer = 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
            if (bytesRead == -1)
                buffer[0] = -1;
        }

        private byte read() throws IOException {
            if (bufferPointer == bytesRead)
                fillBuffer();
            return buffer[bufferPointer++];
        }

        public void close() throws IOException {
            if (din == null)
                return;
            din.close();
        }
    }

    public static int[] radixSort(int[] f) {
        return radixSort(f, f.length);
    }

    public static PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(System.out));

    public static int[] radixSort(int[] f, int n) {
        int[] to = new int[n];
        {
            int[] b = new int[65537];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                b[1 + (f[i] & 0xffff)]++;
            for (int i = 1; i <= 65536; i++)
                b[i] += b[i - 1];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                to[b[f[i] & 0xffff]++] = f[i];
            int[] d = f;
            f = to;
            to = d;
        }
        {
            int[] b = new int[65537];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                b[1 + (f[i] >>> 16)]++;
            for (int i = 1; i <= 65536; i++)
                b[i] += b[i - 1];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                to[b[f[i] >>> 16]++] = f[i];
            int[] d = f;
            f = to;
            to = d;
        }
        return f;
    }

    // for(int i=0; i<n;i++){arr[i]=ob.nextInt(); }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        Reader ob = new Reader();
        int T = ob.nextInt();
        for (int t = 0; t < T; t++) {
            int n = ob.nextInt();
            int k = ob.nextInt();

            if (n > k) {
                out.println(k);
            } else {
                int a = n * (k / (n - 1));
                int i = k % (n - 1);
                if (i == 0) {
                    i = -1;
                }
                a = a + i;
                out.println(a);
            }
        }

        out.close();

    }
}