Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Sat May  9 08:54:26 2020

@author: xdcao@zju.edu.cn
"""
def solve(n, k):
    if k % (n-1) == 0:
        print(k//(n-1)*n-1)
    else:
        print(k//(n-1)*n+k%(n-1))

T = int(input())

for ti in range(1, T+1):
    n, k = list(map(int, input().split(' ')))
    solve(n, k)