Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from sys import stdin
import math

a=int(stdin.readline())

for b in range(0,a):
    c=stdin.readline().split()
    n=int(c[0])
    k=int(c[1])

    if k<n:
        print(k)
        continue

    A=k%(n-1)
    B=int(math.floor(k/(n-1)))

    if A==0:
        print(B*n-1)
    else:
        print(B*n+A)