Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:

T = int(input())
for i in range(T):

    n, k = [int(i) for i in input().split()]

    a = k%(n - 1)
    b = (k - a)/(n - 1)

    """
    4 12
    a = 12%3 = 0
    b = 12 / 3 = 4
    slut = 4 * 4 + 0



    """


    if a != 0:
        print( int(n * b + a) )
    else:
        print( int(n * b + a - 1) )