Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
#author: raghav_0901
from math import *

mod = (10**9) + 7


def _in():
    return [int(x) for x in input().split(' ')]


def main():
    n, k = _in()
    fac = k // (n - 1)
    rem = k % (n - 1)
    if(rem == 0):
        ans = (fac * n) - 1
    else:
        ans = (fac * n) + rem
    print(ans)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    for _ in range(int(input())):
        main()