Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
def main():

    import sys, math
    #from bisect import bisect_left as bl, bisect_right as br, insort
    from heapq import heapify, heappush, heappop
    from collections import defaultdict as dd, deque
    def data(): return sys.stdin.readline().strip()
    def mdata(): return list(map(int, data().split()))
    def out(*var, end="\n"): sys.stdout.write(' '.join(map(str, var))+end)
    # sys.setrecursionlimit(100000)
    INF = int(1e9)
    mod = int(1e9)+7

    for t in range(int(data())):
        n,k=mdata()
        a=k//(n-1)
        if k%(n-1)==0:
            a-=1
        ans=k+a
        print(ans)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()