Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
void input(int &x) {
  bool neg = false;
  register int c;
  x = 0;
  c = getchar();
  if (c == '-') {
    neg = true;
    c = getchar();
  }
  for (; (c > 47 && c < 58); c = getchar()) x = (x << 1) + (x << 3) + c - 48;
  if (neg) x *= -1;
}
bool cmp1(pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) { return a.first < b.first; }
bool cmp2(pair<int, int> a, pair<int, int> b) { return a.second < b.second; }
int main() {
  ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cin.tie(NULL);
  int t;
  cin >> t;
  while (t--) {
    int n, k;
    cin >> n >> k;
    cout << k + (k - 1) / (n - 1) << endl;
  }
  return 0;
}