Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
t=int(input())
while(t>0):
    t-=1
    n,k=map(int,input().split())
    low = 0
    high = 10**10
    mid= 0
    ans = 0
    while(low<=high):
        mid = (low+high)//2
        num = mid * (n-1)
        if(num>=k):
            high = mid-1
        else:
            ans= mid
            low= mid+1

    print((ans)*n + (k-ans*(n-1)))