Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

/**
 * Created By: Ankit Kumar Sinha on 2020-05-09, Sat
 */
public class KthNonDivisible {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyScanner sc = new MyScanner();
        out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(System.out));
        int t = sc.nextInt();
        for(int i = 0;i<t;i++){
            String[] nums = sc.nextLine().trim().split(" ");
            long n1 = Integer.parseInt(nums[0]);
            long n2 = Integer.parseInt(nums[1]);
            if(n2%(n1-1)==0){
                System.out.println(n1*(n2/(n1-1)) - 1);
            } else {
                System.out.println(n1*(n2/(n1-1)) + n2%(n1-1));
            }

        }
    }

    public static PrintWriter out;

    public static class MyScanner {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public MyScanner() {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }

        String next() {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
                try {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        String nextLine() {
            String str = "";
            try {
                str = br.readLine();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }

    }


}