Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
"https://codeforces.com/contest/1328/problem/A"
import collections, heapq, itertools, math
groupby = itertools.groupby
rs  = lambda: input()
ri  = lambda: int(input())
rm  = lambda: map(int, input().split())
rai = lambda: [int(x) for x in input().split()]


def solve(n, k):
    q = k//(n-1)
    r = k - q*(n-1)
    if r == 0: 
        q -= 1
        r += n-1
    return n*q + r

for t in range(ri()):
    n, k = rm()
    print(solve(n,k))