Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import sys
def eprint(*args):
    print(*args, file=sys.stderr)
zz=1
from math import *
#sys.setrecursionlimit(10**6)
if zz:
	input=sys.stdin.readline
else:	
	sys.stdin=open('input.txt', 'r')
	sys.stdout=open('all.txt','w')

 
 
t=int(input())
while t>0:
	t-=1
	n,k=map(int,input().split())
	p=k//(n-1)
	if k%(n-1)==0:
		print((p-1)*n+n-1)
	else:	
		print(p*n+k%(n-1))