Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;

public class Main {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);
    int t = in.nextInt();

    while (t-- > 0) {
      int n = in.nextInt();
      int k = in.nextInt();

      long num = 0;

      long x = k / (n-1);

      num = n * x;

      if (k % (n-1) == 0) {
        System.out.println(num-1);
      } else {
        System.out.println(num + k % (n-1));
      }

    }
  }

  static class InputReader {

    private final InputStream stream;
    private final byte[] buf = new byte[8192];
    private int curChar, snumChars;
    private SpaceCharFilter filter;

    public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
      this.stream = stream;
    }

    public int snext() {
      if (snumChars == -1) throw new InputMismatchException();
      if (curChar >= snumChars) {
        curChar = 0;
        try {
          snumChars = stream.read(buf);
        } catch (IOException e) {
          throw new InputMismatchException();
        }
        if (snumChars <= 0) return -1;
      }
      return buf[curChar++];
    }

    public int nextInt() {
      int c = snext();
      while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
        c = snext();
      }
      int sgn = 1;
      if (c == '-') {
        sgn = -1;
        c = snext();
      }
      int res = 0;
      do {
        if (c < '0' || c > '9') throw new InputMismatchException();
        res *= 10;
        res += c - '0';
        c = snext();
      } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
      return res * sgn;
    }

    public long nextLong() {
      int c = snext();
      while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
        c = snext();
      }
      int sgn = 1;
      if (c == '-') {
        sgn = -1;
        c = snext();
      }
      long res = 0;
      do {
        if (c < '0' || c > '9') throw new InputMismatchException();
        res *= 10;
        res += c - '0';
        c = snext();
      } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
      return res * sgn;
    }

    public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
      int a[] = new int[n];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        a[i] = nextInt();
      }
      return a;
    }

    public String readString() {
      int c = snext();
      while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
        c = snext();
      }
      StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
      do {
        res.appendCodePoint(c);
        c = snext();
      } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
      return res.toString();
    }

    public String nextLine() {
      int c = snext();
      while (isSpaceChar(c)) c = snext();
      StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
      do {
        res.appendCodePoint(c);
        c = snext();
      } while (!isEndOfLine(c));
      return res.toString();
    }

    public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
      if (filter != null) return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
      return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
    }

    private boolean isEndOfLine(int c) {
      return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
    }

    public interface SpaceCharFilter {
      public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
    }
  }
}