Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON):

Solution:
from sys import stdin,stdout
from collections import Counter
read,write = stdin.readline,stdout.write
iread = lambda: int(read())
sread = lambda: read().strip()
spread = lambda func=int: map(func,read().split())

t = iread()
for _ in xrange(t):
    n,k = spread()

    if k < n:
        print k
    else:
        f = k/(n-1)
        if not k%(n-1):
            print f*n - 1
        else:
            print f*n + k%(n-1)