Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
"""
    Author : thekushalghosh
    Team   : CodeDiggers
    
    I prefer Python language over the C++ language :p :D
    
    Visit my website : thekushalghosh.github.io
"""
import sys,math,cmath,time
start_time = time.time()
tt = 0
################# ---- USER DEFINED INPUT FUNCTIONS ---- #################
def inp():
    return(int(input()))
def inlt():
    return(list(map(int,input().split())))
def insr():
    return(input().strip())
def invr():
    return(map(int,input().split()))
##########################################################################
################# ---- THE ACTUAL CODE STARTS BELOW ---- #################
 
def solve():
    n,k = invr()
    print(k + ((k - 1) // (n - 1)))
    
################## ---- THE ACTUAL CODE ENDS ABOVE ---- ##################
##########################################################################
def main():
    if not ONLINE_JUDGE:
        sys.stdin = open("input.txt","r")
        sys.stdout = open("output.txt","w")
    t = 1
    t = inp()
    for tt in range(t):
        solve()
    if not ONLINE_JUDGE:
        print("Time Elapsed :",time.time() - start_time,"seconds")
    sys.stdout.close()
############## ---- USER DEFINED PROGRAMMING FUNCTIONS ---- ##############
def counter(a):
    q = [0] * max(a)
    for i in range(len(a)):
        q[a[i] - 1] = q[a[i] - 1] + 1
    return(q)
 
def string_counter(a):
    q = [0] * 26
    for i in range(len(a)):
        q[ord(a[i]) - 97] = q[ord(a[i]) - 97] + 1
    return(q)
ONLINE_JUDGE = __debug__
if ONLINE_JUDGE:
    input = sys.stdin.readline
main()