Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
    import java.io.*;
    import java.text.CollationElementIterator;
    import java.util.*;
    import java.lang.*;

    public class Main implements Runnable {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new Thread(null, new Main(), "Check2", 1 << 28).start();// to increse stack size in java
        }
        // CandidateCode
        static long mod = (long) (1e9 + 7);
        public void run() {
            InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);
            PrintWriter w = new PrintWriter(System.out);

            int t = in.nextInt();

            while (t-- > 0){
                long n = in.nextLong();
                long k = in.nextLong();
                long low = 1;
                long high = (long)(1e18);
                long ans = 0;

                while (low <= high){
                    long mid = (low + high) >> 1;
                    long tot = mid;
                    tot -= mid / n;

                    if (tot >= k){
                        ans = mid;
                        high = mid - 1;
                    }
                    else low = mid + 1;
                }
                w.println(ans);
            }

            w.close();
        }
        void debug(Object...args) {
            System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(args));
        }
        long modinv(long a,long b) {
            long p=power(b,mod-2,mod);
            p=a%mod*p%mod;
            p%=mod;
            return p;
        }
        long power(long x,long y,long mod){
            if(y==0)return 1%mod;
            if(y==1)return x%mod;
            long res=1;
            x=x%mod;
            while(y>0)
            {
                if((y%2)!=0){
                    res=(res*x)%mod;
                }
                y=y/2;
                x=(x*x)%mod;
            }
            return res;
        }
        long gcd(long a,long b){

            if(b==0)return a;
            return gcd(b,a%b);
        }
        void sev(int a[],int n){

            for(int i=2;i<=n;i++)a[i]=i;
            for(int i=2;i<=n;i++){

                if(a[i]!=0){
                    for(int j=2*i;j<=n;){

                        a[j]=0;
                        j=j+i;
                    }
                }

            }

        }
        static class InputReader
        {
            private InputStream stream;
            private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            private int curChar;
            private int numChars;
            private SpaceCharFilter filter;

            public InputReader(InputStream stream)
            {
                this.stream = stream;
            }

            public int read()
            {
                if (numChars==-1)
                    throw new InputMismatchException();

                if (curChar >= numChars){
                    curChar = 0;
                    try
                    {
                        numChars = stream.read(buf);
                    }
                    catch (IOException e)
                    {
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    }

                    if(numChars <= 0)
                        return -1;
                }
                return buf[curChar++];
            }

            public String nextLine()
            {
                BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                String stock = "";
                try
                {
                    stock = br.readLine();
                }
                catch (IOException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return stock;
            }
            public int nextInt()
            {
                int c = read();

                while(isSpaceChar(c))
                    c = read();

                int sgn = 1;

                if (c == '-')
                {
                    sgn = -1;
                    c = read();
                }

                int res = 0;
                do
                {
                    if(c<'0'||c>'9')
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    res *= 10;
                    res += c - '0';
                    c = read();
                }
                while (!isSpaceChar(c));

                return res * sgn;
            }

            public long nextLong()
            {
                int c = read();
                while (isSpaceChar(c))
                    c = read();
                int sgn = 1;
                if (c == '-')
                {
                    sgn = -1;
                    c = read();
                }
                long res = 0;

                do
                {
                    if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    res *= 10;
                    res += c - '0';
                    c = read();
                }
                while (!isSpaceChar(c));
                return res * sgn;
            }

            public double nextDouble()
            {
                int c = read();
                while (isSpaceChar(c))
                    c = read();
                int sgn = 1;
                if (c == '-')
                {
                    sgn = -1;
                    c = read();
                }
                double res = 0;
                while (!isSpaceChar(c) && c != '.')
                {
                    if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                        return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
                    if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    res *= 10;
                    res += c - '0';
                    c = read();
                }
                if (c == '.')
                {
                    c = read();
                    double m = 1;
                    while (!isSpaceChar(c))
                    {
                        if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                            return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
                        if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                            throw new InputMismatchException();
                        m /= 10;
                        res += (c - '0') * m;
                        c = read();
                    }
                }
                return res * sgn;
            }

            public String readString()
            {
                int c = read();
                while (isSpaceChar(c))
                    c = read();
                StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
                do
                {
                    res.appendCodePoint(c);
                    c = read();
                }
                while (!isSpaceChar(c));

                return res.toString();
            }

            public boolean isSpaceChar(int c)
            {
                if (filter != null)
                    return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
                return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
            }

            public String next()
            {
                return readString();
            }

            public interface SpaceCharFilter
            {
                public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
            }
        }
    }