Problem: Boboniu likes playing chess with his employees. As we know, no employee can beat the boss in the chess game, so Boboniu has never lost in any round.

You are a new applicant for his company. Boboniu will test you with the following chess question:

Consider a n× m grid (rows are numbered from 1 to n, and columns are numbered from 1 to m). You have a chess piece, and it stands at some cell (S_x,S_y) which is not on the border (i.e. 2 ≤ S_x ≤ n-1 and 2 ≤ S_y ≤ m-1).

From the cell (x,y), you can move your chess piece to (x,y') (1≤ y'≤ m, y' ≠ y) or (x',y) (1≤ x'≤ n, x'≠ x). In other words, the chess piece moves as a rook. From the cell, you can move to any cell on the same row or column.

Your goal is to visit each cell exactly once. Can you find a solution?

Note that cells on the path between two adjacent cells in your route are not counted as visited, and it is not required to return to the starting point.

Input

The only line of the input contains four integers n, m, S_x and S_y (3≤ n,m≤ 100, 2 ≤ S_x ≤ n-1, 2 ≤ S_y ≤ m-1) — the number of rows, the number of columns, and the initial position of your chess piece, respectively.

Output

You should print n⋅ m lines.

The i-th line should contain two integers x_i and y_i (1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m), denoting the i-th cell that you visited. You should print exactly nm pairs (x_i, y_i), they should cover all possible pairs (x_i, y_i), such that 1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m.

We can show that under these constraints there always exists a solution. If there are multiple answers, print any.

Examples

Input


3 3 2 2


Output


2 2
1 2
1 3
2 3
3 3
3 2
3 1
2 1
1 1


Input


3 4 2 2


Output


2 2
2 1
2 3
2 4
1 4
3 4
3 3
3 2
3 1
1 1
1 2
1 3

Note

Possible routes for two examples:

<image>

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
/**
 * @author vivek
 * programming is thinking, not typing
 */

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class B {

    private static void solveTC(int __) {

        /* For Google */
//		ans.append("Case #").append(__).append(": ");

        //code start

        int n = scn.nextInt(), m = scn.nextInt();
        int x = scn.nextInt(), y = scn.nextInt();

        boolean[][] done = new boolean[n + 1][m + 1];
        done[x][y] = true;
        print(x + " " + y + "\n");
        for (int i = m; i >= 1; i--) {
            if (!done[x][i]) {
                print(x + " " + i + "\n");
                done[x][i] = true;
            }
        }
        boolean step = true;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            if (step)
                for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++) {
                    if (!done[i][j]) {
                        print(i + " " + j + "\n");
                        done[i][j] = true;
                    }
                }
            else
                for (int j = m; j >= 1; j--) {
                    if (!done[i][j]) {
                        print(i + " " + j + "\n");
                        done[i][j] = true;
                    }
                }
            if (i != x) step = !step;
        }

        //code end

//        print("\n");
    }

    /**
     * Don't copy other's templates, make your own <br>
     * It would be much more beneficial
     */

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        scn = new Scanner();
        ans = new StringBuilder();
//        int t = scn.nextInt();
        int t = 1;

//        int limit=               ;
//        sieve(limit);

        /*
        try {
            System.setOut(new PrintStream(new File("file_i_o\\output.txt")));
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
*/
        for (int i = 1; i <= t; i++) {
            solveTC(i);
        }
        System.out.print(ans);
    }
    //Stuff for prime start

    /**
     * List containing prime numbers <br>
     * <b>i<sup>th</sup></b> position contains <b>i<sup>th</sup></b> prime number <br>
     * 0th index is <b>null</b>
     */
    private static ArrayList<Integer> listOfPrimes;

    /**
     * query <b>i<sup>th</sup></b> element to get if its prime of not
     */
    private static boolean[] isPrime;

    /**
     * Performs Sieve of Erathosnesis and initialise isPrime array and listOfPrimes list
     *
     * @param limit the number till which sieve is to be performed
     */
    private static void sieve(int limit) {
        listOfPrimes = new ArrayList<>();
        listOfPrimes.add(null);
        boolean[] array = new boolean[limit + 1];

        Arrays.fill(array, true);
        array[0] = false;
        array[1] = false;

        for (int i = 2; i <= limit; i++) {
            if (array[i]) {
                for (int j = i * i; j <= limit; j += i) {
                    array[j] = false;
                }
            }
        }
        isPrime = array;
        for (int i = 0; i <= limit; i++) {
            if (array[i]) {
                listOfPrimes.add(i);
            }
        }
    }
    //stuff for prime end

    /**
     * Calculates the Least Common Multiple of two numbers
     *
     * @param a First number
     * @param b Second Number
     * @return Least Common Multiple of <b>a</b> and <b>b</b>
     */
    private static long lcm(long a, long b) {
        return a * b / gcd(a, b);
    }

    /**
     * Calculates the Greatest Common Divisor of two numbers
     *
     * @param a First number
     * @param b Second Number
     * @return Greatest Common Divisor of <b>a</b> and <b>b</b>
     */
    private static long gcd(long a, long b) {
        return (b == 0) ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
    }

    static void print(Object obj) {
        ans.append(obj.toString());
    }


    static Scanner scn;
    static StringBuilder ans;

    //Fast Scanner
    static class Scanner {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public Scanner() {
            br = new BufferedReader(new
                    InputStreamReader(System.in));
/*
            try {
                br = new BufferedReader(new
                        InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(new File("file_i_o\\input.txt"))));
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
*/
        }

        String next() {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
                try {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        String nextLine() {
            String str = "";
            try {
                str = br.readLine();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }

        int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
            int[] array = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                array[i] = nextInt();
            }
            return array;
        }

        Integer[] nextIntegerArray(int n) {
            Integer[] array = new Integer[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                array[i] = nextInt();
            }
            return array;
        }

        long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
            long[] array = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                array[i] = nextLong();
            }
            return array;
        }

        String[] nextStringArray() {
            return nextLine().split(" ");
        }

        String[] nextStringArray(int n) {
            String[] array = new String[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                array[i] = next();
            }
            return array;
        }
    }
}