Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON):

Solution:
import sys

__author__ = 'ratmir'

from collections import deque

alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"

def solve(n, a, graph):
    return 1

def execute():
    [t] = [int(x) for x in sys.stdin.readline().split()]
    results = []
    for ti in range(0, t):
        [n, k] = [int(x1) for x1 in sys.stdin.readline().split()]
        kk = k%(n-1)
        kd = k/(n-1)
        if kk==0:
           kk -= 1
        res = (kd*n) + kk
        #print kd, kk, res
        results.append(str(res)+"\n")
    print(''.join('{}'.format(k) for k in results))


execute()