Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class C {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		StringBuilder ans = new StringBuilder();
		int TC = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
		for (int tc = 0; tc < TC; tc++) {
			StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine(), " ");
			int N = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
			int K = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
			long lo = 0; long hi = 987654321987654L;
			while (lo + 1 < hi) {
				long mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
				if ((mid - mid / N) >= K) hi = mid;
				else lo = mid;
			}
			ans.append(hi).append("\n");
		}
		System.out.print(ans);
	}
}