Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from collections import deque
t = int(input())
rez = []

for i in range(t):
    A = input().split()
    n = int(A[0])
    k = int(A[1])
    r = n-1
    if (k% (n-1) == 0):
        rez.append(k + int(k//(n-1)) - 1)
    else:
        rez.append(k + int(k//(n-1)))


for i in range(len(rez)):
    print(rez[i])