Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
#*****DO NOT COPY*****
#F
#U       ___                     ___                         ___           ___           ___           ___          _____
#C      /  /\      ___          /  /\          ___          /__/\         /  /\         /  /\         /  /\        /  /::\
#K     /  /::\    /  /\        /  /:/_        /  /\         \  \:\       /  /::\       /  /::\       /  /:/_      /  /:/\:\
#     /  /:/\:\  /  /:/       /  /:/ /\      /  /::\         \  \:\     /  /:/\:\     /  /:/\:\     /  /:/ /\    /  /:/  \:\
#Y   /  /:/~/:/ /__/::\      /  /:/ /::\    /  /:/\:\    ___  \  \:\   /  /:/~/::\   /  /:/~/:/    /  /:/ /:/_  /__/:/ \__\:|
#O  /__/:/ /:/  \__\/\:\__  /__/:/ /:/\:\  /  /:/~/::\  /__/\  \__\:\ /__/:/ /:/\:\ /__/:/ /:/___ /__/:/ /:/ /\ \  \:\ /  /:/
#U  \  \:\/:/      \  \:\/\ \  \:\/:/~/:/ /__/:/ /:/\:\ \  \:\ /  /:/ \  \:\/:/__\/ \  \:\/:::::/ \  \:\/:/ /:/  \  \:\  /:/
#    \  \::/        \__\::/  \  \::/ /:/  \  \:\/:/__\/  \  \:\  /:/   \  \::/       \  \::/~~~~   \  \::/ /:/    \  \:\/:/
#A    \  \:\        /__/:/    \__\/ /:/    \  \::/        \  \:\/:/     \  \:\        \  \:\        \  \:\/:/      \  \::/
#L     \  \:\       \__\/       /__/:/      \__\/          \  \::/       \  \:\        \  \:\        \  \::/        \__\/
#L      \__\/                   \__\/                       \__\/         \__\/         \__\/         \__\/
#
#
#*****DO NOT COPY*****
def solve(n , k):

    return k + (k - 1)//(n-1)


for _ in range(int(input())):
    n , k = map(int , input().split())
    print(solve(n , k))