Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using pii = pair<int, int>;
int main() {
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cin.tie(0);
  int t;
  cin >> t;
  while (t--) {
    ll n, k;
    cin >> n >> k;
    ll l = 0, r = 1000000000, m;
    while (r - l > 1) {
      m = (r + l) / 2;
      if ((n - 1) * m < k)
        l = m;
      else
        r = m;
    }
    cout << l * n + k - l * (n - 1) << "\n";
  }
  return 0;
}