Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
# cook your dish here
# cook your dish here
import math,sys
import heapq
from fractions import Fraction
from collections import Counter,defaultdict
def li(): return list(map(int,sys.stdin.readline().split()))
def ls(): return list(map(int,list(input())))
def la(): return list(input())
def ii():  return int(input())
def dic(x): return defaultdict(lambda: x) 
def isPrime(n):
    i= 2
    if n == 1:
        return False
    while i <= int(math.sqrt(n)):
        if n%i == 0:
            return False
        i = i + 1
    return True
def gcd(a,b):
    if b == 0:
        return a
    return gcd(b,a%b)
def LCM(a,b): 
    return (a*b) / gcd(a,b) 
t = int(input())
for _ in range(t):
    n,k = li()
    a = k //(n-1)
    r = k % (n-1)
    ans = a*n
    if r == 0:
        print(ans - 1)
    else:
        print(ans+r)