Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
'''input
6
6 10
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1
'''
from collections import defaultdict as dd
from collections import Counter as ccd
from itertools import  permutations as pp
from itertools import combinations as cc
from random import randint as rd
from bisect import bisect_left as bl
from bisect import bisect_right as br
import heapq as hq
import math
'''
Author : dhanyaabhirami
Hardwork beats talent if talent doesn't work hard
'''
'''
Stuck?
See github resources
Derive Formula
Kmcode blog
CP Algorithms Emaxx
'''
mod=pow(10,9) +7
def inp(flag=0):
    if flag==0:
        return list(map(int,input().strip().split(' ')))
    else:
        return int(input())

# Code credits
# assert(debug()==true)
for _ in range(int(input())):
    n,k = inp()
    print(k+(k-1)//(n-1))