Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
t=int(input())
for j in range(t):
    g=list(map(int,input().split()))
    n=g[0]
    k=g[1]
    if(n>k):
        print(k)
    elif(n==k):
        print(k+1)
    else:
        a=k
        c=k
        d=1
        while(a!=1 and d!=0):
            b=a%n
            d=a//n
            a=d+b
            c+=d
        print(c)