Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class CF_640 {

	static class Reader {

		boolean consume = false;
		final private int BUFFER_SIZE = 1 << 12;
		private byte[] buffer;
		private int bufferPointer, bytesRead;
		private boolean reachedEnd = false;

		public Reader() {
			buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
			bufferPointer = 0;
			bytesRead = 0;
		}

		public boolean hasNext() {
			return !reachedEnd;
		}

		private void fillBuffer() throws IOException {
			bytesRead = System.in.read(buffer, bufferPointer = 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
			if (bytesRead == -1) {
				buffer[0] = -1;
				reachedEnd = true;
			}
		}

		private void consumeSpaces() throws IOException {
			while (read() <= ' ' && reachedEnd == false)
				;
			bufferPointer--;
		}

		private byte read() throws IOException {
			if (bufferPointer == bytesRead) {
				fillBuffer();
			}
			return buffer[bufferPointer++];
		}

		public String next() throws IOException {
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
			consumeSpaces();
			byte c = read();
			do {
				sb.append((char) c);
			} while ((c = read()) > ' ');
			if (consume) {
				consumeSpaces();
			}
			;
			if (sb.length() == 0) {
				return null;
			}
			return sb.toString();
		}

		public String nextLine() throws IOException {
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			String str = br.readLine();
			return str;
		}

		public int nextInt() throws IOException {
			consumeSpaces();
			int ret = 0;
			byte c = read();
			boolean neg = (c == '-');
			if (neg) {
				c = read();
			}
			do {
				ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
			} while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');
			if (consume) {
				consumeSpaces();
			}
			if (neg) {
				return -ret;
			}
			return ret;
		}

		public long nextLong() throws IOException {
			consumeSpaces();
			long ret = 0;
			byte c = read();
			boolean neg = (c == '-');
			if (neg) {
				c = read();
			}
			do {
				ret = ret * 10L + c - '0';
			} while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');
			if (consume) {
				consumeSpaces();
			}
			if (neg) {
				return -ret;
			}
			return ret;
		}

		public double nextDouble() throws IOException {
			consumeSpaces();
			double ret = 0;
			double div = 1;
			byte c = read();
			boolean neg = (c == '-');
			if (neg) {
				c = read();
			}
			do {
				ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
			} while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');
			if (c == '.') {
				while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9') {
					ret += (c - '0') / (div *= 10);
				}
			}
			if (consume) {
				consumeSpaces();
			}
			if (neg) {
				return -ret;
			}
			return ret;
		}

		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) throws IOException {
			int[] a = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				a[i] = nextInt();
			}
			return a;
		}

		public int[][] nextIntMatrix(int n, int m) throws IOException {
			int[][] grid = new int[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				grid[i] = nextIntArray(m);
			}
			return grid;
		}

		public char[][] nextCharacterMatrix(int n) throws IOException {
			char[][] a = new char[n][];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				a[i] = next().toCharArray();
			}
			return a;
		}

		public void close() throws IOException {
			if (System.in == null) {
				return;
			} else {
				System.in.close();
			}
		}
	}

	static Reader r = new Reader();
	static PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

		int t = r.nextInt();
		StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();

		while (t-- > 0) {

			int n = r.nextInt();
			int k = r.nextInt();

			int times = (k / (n - 1));
			int num = times * (n - 1);
			int ans = n * times;
			int rem = k - num;
			if (num == k) {
				rem = 0;
				ans--;
			}
			ans += rem;

			res.append(ans).append("\n");
		}

		out.print(res);
		out.close();
	}

}