Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from sys import stdin,stdout
from itertools import combinations
from collections import defaultdict,Counter
import math
 
def listIn():
    return list((map(int,stdin.readline().strip().split())))
 
def stringListIn():
    return([x for x in stdin.readline().split()])
    
def intIn():
    return (int(stdin.readline()))
 
def stringIn():
    return (stdin.readline().strip())
    
    
 
if __name__=="__main__":
    t=int(input())
    while(t>0):
        t-=1
        n,k=listIn()
        start=k//n
        while(True):
            num=k+start
            end=num//n
            if end==start:
                break
            else:
                start=end
        print(k+start)