Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class KthNotDivisibleByN { // Template for CF
    public static class ListComparator implements Comparator<List<Integer>> {

        @Override
        public int compare(List<Integer> l1, List<Integer> l2) {
            for (int i = 0; i < l1.size(); ++i) {
                if (l1.get(i).compareTo(l2.get(i)) != 0) {
                    return l1.get(i).compareTo(l2.get(i));
                }
            }
            return 0;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // Check for int overflow!!!!
        // Should you use a long to store the sum or smthn?
        BufferedReader f = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);

        int T = Integer.parseInt(f.readLine());
        for (int i = 0; i < T; i++) {
            StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(f.readLine());
            int N = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
            int k = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
            long add = 0;
            long b = k;
            long a = 0;
            while (true) {
                if (b < N) {
                    break;
                }
                a = b % N;
                add += b / N;
                b = b / N + a;
            }
            long print = k + add;
            out.println(print);
        }
        out.close();
    }

}