Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
 
/**
 * Built using CHelper plug-in
 * Actual solution is at the top
 *
 * @author Pranay2516
 */
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputStream inputStream = System.in;
        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
        FastReader in = new FastReader(inputStream);
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
        TaskC solver = new TaskC();
        solver.solve(1, in, out);
        out.close();
    }
 
    static class TaskC {
        public void solve(int testNumber, FastReader in, PrintWriter out) {
            int t = in.nextInt();
            while (t-- > 0) {
                long n = in.nextInt(), k = in.nextInt(), s = 1, e = 2 * k, mid = 0, ans = 0;
                while (s < e) {
                    mid = (s + e) / 2;
                    if (mid - mid / n >= k) {
                        ans = mid;
                        e = mid;
                    } else s = mid + 1;
                }
                out.println(ans);
            }
        }
 
    }
 
    static class FastReader {
        private InputStream stream;
        private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int curChar;
        private int numChars;
        private FastReader.SpaceCharFilter filter;
 
        public FastReader(InputStream stream) {
            this.stream = stream;
        }
 
        public int read() {
 
            if (numChars == -1)
                throw new InputMismatchException();
 
            if (curChar >= numChars) {
 
                curChar = 0;
 
                try {
                    numChars = stream.read(buf);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
 
                if (numChars <= 0)
                    return -1;
            }
 
            return buf[curChar++];
        }
 
        public int nextInt() {
 
            int c = read();
 
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
 
            int sgn = 1;
 
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
 
            int res = 0;
 
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
 
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            while (!isSpaceChar(c));
 
            return res * sgn;
        }
 
        public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
 
            if (filter != null)
                return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
 
            return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
        }
 
        public interface SpaceCharFilter {
            public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
 
        }
 
    }
}