Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
"""
    Author: Sagar Pandey

"""
# ---------------------------------------------------Import Libraries---------------------------------------------------
import sys
import os
from math import sqrt, log, log2, log10, gcd, floor, pow, sin, cos, tan, pi, inf, factorial
from copy import copy, deepcopy
from sys import exit, stdin, stdout
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque
from itertools import permutations
import heapq
from bisect import bisect_left as bl
# If the element is already present in the list,
# the left most position where element has to be inserted is returned.
from bisect import bisect_right as br
from bisect import bisect

# If the element is already present in the list,
# the right most position where element has to be inserted is r

# ---------------------------------------------------Global Variables---------------------------------------------------
# sys.setrecursionlimit(100000000)
mod = 1000000007
# ---------------------------------------------------Helper Functions---------------------------------------------------
iinp = lambda: int(sys.stdin.readline())
inp = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().strip()
strl = lambda: list(inp().strip().split(" "))
intl = lambda: list(map(int, inp().split(" ")))
mint = lambda: map(int, inp().split())
flol = lambda: list(map(float, inp().split(" ")))
flush = lambda: stdout.flush()


def permute(nums):
    def fun(arr, nums, cur, v):
        if len(cur) == len(nums):
            arr.append(cur.copy())
        i = 0
        while i < len(nums):
            if v[i]:
                i += 1
                continue
            else:
                cur.append(nums[i])
                v[i] = 1
                fun(arr, nums, cur, v)
                cur.pop()
                v[i] = 0
                i += 1
            # while i<len(nums) and nums[i]==nums[i-1]:i+=1    # Uncomment for unique permutations
        return arr

    res = []
    nums.sort()
    v = [0] * len(nums)
    return fun(res, nums, [], v)


def subsets(res, index, arr, cur):
    res.append(cur.copy())
    for i in range(index, len(arr)):
        cur.append(arr[i])
        subsets(res, i + 1, arr, cur)
        cur.pop()
    return res


def sieve(N):
    root = int(sqrt(N))
    primes = [1] * (N + 1)
    primes[0], primes[1] = 0, 0
    for i in range(2, root + 1):
        if primes[i]:
            for j in range(i * i, N + 1, i):
                primes[j] = 0
    return primes


def bs(arr, l, r, x):
    if x < arr[0] or x > arr[len(arr) - 1]:
        return -1
    while l <= r:
        mid = l + (r - l) // 2
        if arr[mid] == x:
            return mid
        elif arr[mid] < x:
            l = mid + 1
        else:
            r = mid - 1
    return -1


def isPrime(n):
    if n <= 1: return False
    if n <= 3: return True
    if n % 2 == 0 or n % 3 == 0: return False
    p = int(sqrt(n))
    for i in range(5, p + 1, 6):
        if n % i == 0 or n % (i + 2) == 0:
            return False
    return True


# -------------------------------------------------------Functions------------------------------------------------------

def solve():
    n,k=mint()
    print((k-1)//(n-1)+k)


# -------------------------------------------------------Main Code------------------------------------------------------
for _ in range(iinp()):
    solve()