Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.util.Scanner;

public class hmm {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);
		int t=scan.nextInt();
		for(int tt=0;tt<t;tt++) {
			int n=scan.nextInt(), k=scan.nextInt();
			long lo=0, hi=(long)1e18;
			long res=-1;
			while(hi>=lo) {
				long mid=(hi+lo)/2;
				long div=mid/n;
				long other=mid-div;
				if(other>=k) {
					if(other==k) res=mid;
					hi=mid-1;
				}
				else lo=mid+1;
			}
			System.out.println(res);
		}
	}
}