Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        int t = in.nextInt();
        for (int i = 0; i < t; i++) {
            int n = in.nextInt();
            int k = in.nextInt();
            int ans = k/(n-1)*(n-1)+(k-1)/(n-1)+(k%(n-1));
            System.out.println(ans);
        }
    }
}