Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
/* package codechef; // don't place package name! */

import java.util.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.io.*;



/* Name of the class has to be "Main" only if the class is public. */
public class Main
 
 
{
    static Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
    
    public static void solve()
    {
        int n=in.nextInt(); double t=in.nextDouble();
        
        
        int fact=(int)Math.floor((t-1)/(n-1));
        
        
      
      
   
      {
          System.out.println((int)(t+fact));
      }
        
     
        
        
        
        
       
        
    }
    

    
	public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
	{
		// your code goes here
		
		int t=in.nextInt();
		//in.nextLine();
		
		while(t>0)
		{
		    
		    solve();
		    t--;
		}
		
		
	
	//	System.out.println(x);
	}
}