Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
#!/usr/bin/python3

import getopt
import sys
import math

if __name__ == "__main__":
    onlyCase = -1
    verbose = False
    
    try:
         opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "vc:",
                                   ["case="])
    except getopt.GetoptError as err:
        print (str(err)) 
        sys.exit(2)

    for o, a in opts:
        if o in ("-c", "--case"):
            onlyCase = int(a)
        elif o  == "-v":
            verbose = True
        else: sys.exit()

    
    ncases = int(input())
    for c in range(1, ncases + 1):
        n, k = [int(x) for x in input().split()]
        
        if onlyCase != -1 and onlyCase != c:
            continue

        r = math.ceil((k/(n-1)*n) - 1)
        print(r)