Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from sys import stdin, setrecursionlimit, stdout
#setrecursionlimit(1000000)
from collections import deque
from math import sqrt, floor, ceil, log, log2, log10, pi, gcd, sin, cos, asin
def ii(): return int(stdin.readline())
def fi(): return float(stdin.readline())
def mi(): return map(int, stdin.readline().split())
def fmi(): return map(float, stdin.readline().split())
def li(): return list(mi())
def lsi():
    x=list(stdin.readline())
    x.pop()
    return x
def si(): return stdin.readline().rstrip()
#mod=1000000007
res=['YES', 'NO']
############# CODE STARTS HERE #############



test_case=ii()
while test_case:
    test_case-=1




    n, k=mi()

    z=(k-1)//(n-1)
    p=z*n
    p+=(k-(z*(n-1)))
    print(p)