Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from sys import stdin,stdout
import bisect
def main():
    for _ in range(int(stdin.readline())):
        n,k=map(int,stdin.readline().split())
        if k%(n-1)==0:
            d=k//(n-1)
        else:
            div=k+1
            d=k//(n-1)+1
        #print(d)
        rem=k-(d-1)*(n-1)
        #print(rem)
        take=1
        print(n*(d-1)+rem)

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()