Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from sys import stdin, exit
from math import ceil
input = stdin.readline

def i(): return input()
def ii(): return int(input())
def iis(): return map(int, input().split())
def liis():	return list(map(int, input().split()))
def print_array(a): print(" ".join(map(str, a)))

t = ii()
for _ in range(t):
	n, k = iis()	
	if k < n:
		print(k)
	else:
		cada = ceil(k/(n-1))
		resto = cada*n
		final = resto - ((n-1)*cada-k)-1
		print(final)
		#print(resto, (n-1)*cada)