Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) 
	{
		Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
		while(sc.hasNext()) 
		{
			long a=sc.nextInt();
			for(long i=1;i<=a;i++)
			{
				long num1=sc.nextInt();
				long num2=sc.nextInt();
				System.out.println(num2+(num2-1)/(num1-1));
			}//aaa
		}
	}
}