Problem: Boboniu likes playing chess with his employees. As we know, no employee can beat the boss in the chess game, so Boboniu has never lost in any round.

You are a new applicant for his company. Boboniu will test you with the following chess question:

Consider a n× m grid (rows are numbered from 1 to n, and columns are numbered from 1 to m). You have a chess piece, and it stands at some cell (S_x,S_y) which is not on the border (i.e. 2 ≤ S_x ≤ n-1 and 2 ≤ S_y ≤ m-1).

From the cell (x,y), you can move your chess piece to (x,y') (1≤ y'≤ m, y' ≠ y) or (x',y) (1≤ x'≤ n, x'≠ x). In other words, the chess piece moves as a rook. From the cell, you can move to any cell on the same row or column.

Your goal is to visit each cell exactly once. Can you find a solution?

Note that cells on the path between two adjacent cells in your route are not counted as visited, and it is not required to return to the starting point.

Input

The only line of the input contains four integers n, m, S_x and S_y (3≤ n,m≤ 100, 2 ≤ S_x ≤ n-1, 2 ≤ S_y ≤ m-1) — the number of rows, the number of columns, and the initial position of your chess piece, respectively.

Output

You should print n⋅ m lines.

The i-th line should contain two integers x_i and y_i (1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m), denoting the i-th cell that you visited. You should print exactly nm pairs (x_i, y_i), they should cover all possible pairs (x_i, y_i), such that 1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m.

We can show that under these constraints there always exists a solution. If there are multiple answers, print any.

Examples

Input


3 3 2 2


Output


2 2
1 2
1 3
2 3
3 3
3 2
3 1
2 1
1 1


Input


3 4 2 2


Output


2 2
2 1
2 3
2 4
1 4
3 4
3 3
3 2
3 1
1 1
1 2
1 3

Note

Possible routes for two examples:

<image>

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import static java.lang.Math.max;
import static java.lang.Math.min;
import static java.lang.Math.abs;
import static java.lang.Math.floor;
import static java.lang.Math.ceil;
import static java.lang.Math.pow;
import static java.lang.Math.log;
import static java.lang.Math.sqrt;

/* ------------ Theorems and Lemmas ------------ */

// Fermat's Little Theorem
// (1) ((a ** p) - a) % p = 0; if 'p' is prime
// (2) Further, if 'a % p != 0' (a and b should be coprime i.e. gcd(a, b) = 1), then ((a ** (p - 1)) - 1) % p = 0

/* -------------- End of theorems -------------- */

public class Solution {

	// Digit DP
	private static int digit;
	private static int times;
	private static StringBuilder number;
	private static int[][][] digitDP;
	// End

	protected static final String[] FACTS = new String[] { "", "", "2", "3", "322", "5", "53", "7", "7222", "7332" };

	private static int sx, sy, n, m;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		FastReader reader = new FastReader();
		int t = 1;
		// t = reader.nextInt();
		// StringBuilder ans = new StringBuilder("");
		while (t-- > 0) {
			n = reader.nextInt();
			m = reader.nextInt();
			sx = reader.nextInt();
			sy = reader.nextInt();
			for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
				if ((i & 1) != 0) {
					for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j)
						f(i, j);
				} else {
					for (int j = m; j >= 1; --j)
						f(i, j);
				}
			}
		}
		reader.close();
		// System.out.println(ans.toString().trim());
	}

	private static void f(int i, int j) {
		System.out.println((i + sx - 2) % n + 1 + " " + ((j + sy - 2) % m + 1));
	}

	public static boolean prime(int n) {
		if (n <= 1)
			return false;
		if (n == 2)
			return true;
		if ((n & 1) == 0)
			return false;
		int val = (int) sqrt((double) n);
		for (int i = 3; i <= val; ++i)
			if (n % i == 0)
				return false;
		return true;
	}

	public static int ddp(int n) {
		number = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(n));
		digitDP = new int[12][12][2];
		for (int[][] a : digitDP)
			for (int[] b : a)
				Arrays.fill(b, -1);
		return call(0, 0, 0);
	}

	// Digit DP
	public static int call(int pos, int cnt, int f) {
		if (cnt > times)
			return 0;
		if (pos == number.length())
			return cnt == times ? 1 : 0;
		if (digitDP[pos][cnt][f] != -1)
			return digitDP[pos][cnt][f];
		int res = 0;
		int lmt = f == 0 ? number.charAt(pos) - '0' : 9;
		for (int dgt = 0; dgt <= lmt; ++dgt)
			if ((dgt == digit ? 1 + cnt : cnt) <= times)
				res += call(1 + pos, dgt == digit ? 1 + cnt : cnt, f == 0 && dgt < lmt ? 1 : f);
		digitDP[pos][cnt][f] = res;
		return res;
	}

	// Binary Exponentiation
	public static int binpow(int a, int n, int mod) {
		// Iterative approach
		a %= mod;
		int result = 1;
		while (n > 0) {
			if ((n & 1) != 0)
				result = result * a % mod;
			a = a * a % mod;
			n >>= 1;
		}
		return result;

		// Recursive approach
		/*
		 * if (n == 0l) return 1l; long res = binpow(a, n / 2, mod); if ((n & 1l) != 0l)
		 * return ((res % mod) * (res % mod) * (a % mod)) % mod; else return ((res %
		 * mod) * (res % mod)) % mod;
		 */
	}

	// GCD
	public static int gcd(int a, int b) {
		while (b > 0) {
			a %= b;
			int t = a;
			a = b;
			b = t;
		}
		return a;
	}

	static class FastReader {
		BufferedReader br;
		StringTokenizer st;

		public FastReader() {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		}

		String next() {
			while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
				try {
					st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine().trim());
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			return st.nextToken();
		}

		int nextInt() {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}

		long nextLong() {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}

		float nextFloat() {
			return Float.parseFloat(next());
		}

		double nextDouble() {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}

		int[] readArray(int size) {
			int[] ar = new int[size];
			for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
				ar[i] = nextInt();
			return ar;
		}

		void close() {
			try {
				br.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}