Problem: Boboniu likes playing chess with his employees. As we know, no employee can beat the boss in the chess game, so Boboniu has never lost in any round.

You are a new applicant for his company. Boboniu will test you with the following chess question:

Consider a n× m grid (rows are numbered from 1 to n, and columns are numbered from 1 to m). You have a chess piece, and it stands at some cell (S_x,S_y) which is not on the border (i.e. 2 ≤ S_x ≤ n-1 and 2 ≤ S_y ≤ m-1).

From the cell (x,y), you can move your chess piece to (x,y') (1≤ y'≤ m, y' ≠ y) or (x',y) (1≤ x'≤ n, x'≠ x). In other words, the chess piece moves as a rook. From the cell, you can move to any cell on the same row or column.

Your goal is to visit each cell exactly once. Can you find a solution?

Note that cells on the path between two adjacent cells in your route are not counted as visited, and it is not required to return to the starting point.

Input

The only line of the input contains four integers n, m, S_x and S_y (3≤ n,m≤ 100, 2 ≤ S_x ≤ n-1, 2 ≤ S_y ≤ m-1) — the number of rows, the number of columns, and the initial position of your chess piece, respectively.

Output

You should print n⋅ m lines.

The i-th line should contain two integers x_i and y_i (1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m), denoting the i-th cell that you visited. You should print exactly nm pairs (x_i, y_i), they should cover all possible pairs (x_i, y_i), such that 1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m.

We can show that under these constraints there always exists a solution. If there are multiple answers, print any.

Examples

Input


3 3 2 2


Output


2 2
1 2
1 3
2 3
3 3
3 2
3 1
2 1
1 1


Input


3 4 2 2


Output


2 2
2 1
2 3
2 4
1 4
3 4
3 3
3 2
3 1
1 1
1 2
1 3

Note

Possible routes for two examples:

<image>

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.util.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.awt.Point;

// SHIVAM GUPTA :
//NSIT
//decoder_1671
//BEING PERFECTIONIST IS NOT AN OPTION



// ASCII = 48 + i ;

// SHIVAM GUPTA :


/* Name of the class has to be "Main" only if the class is public. */



public class Main
{
     
     
     
    static PrintWriter out;
    
	static class FastReader{
		BufferedReader br;
		StringTokenizer st;
		public FastReader(){
			br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			out=new PrintWriter(System.out);
		}
		String next(){
			while(st==null || !st.hasMoreElements()){
				try{
					st= new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
				}
				catch (IOException e){
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			return st.nextToken();
		}
		int nextInt(){
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}
		long nextLong(){
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}
		double nextDouble(){
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}
		String nextLine(){
			String str = "";
			try{
				str=br.readLine();
			}
			catch(IOException e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return str;
		}
	}
	





/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static int  min(int a ,int b , int c, int d)
{
       
       
       int[] arr = new int[4] ;
       arr[0] = a;
       arr[1] = b ;
       arr[2] = c;
       arr[3] = d;
       Arrays.sort(arr) ;
       
       return arr[0];
       
}
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 
public static int  max(int a ,int b , int c, int d)
{
       
       
       int[] arr = new int[4] ;
       arr[0] = a;
       arr[1] = b ;
       arr[2] = c;
       arr[3] = d;
       Arrays.sort(arr) ;
       
       return arr[3];
       
}
 
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
static int sieve =  1000000 ;

 
static boolean[] prime =  new boolean[sieve + 1] ;

static int[] dp =  new int[10000001] ;

 
public static void sieveOfEratosthenes() 
    { 
        // FALSE == prime
        
        // TRUE ==  COMPOSITE
        
        // FALSE== 1
       
        for(int i=0;i< sieve + 1;i++) 
            prime[i] = false; 
          
        for(int p = 2; p*p <= sieve; p++) 
        { 
           
            if(prime[p] == false) 
            { 
                
                for(int i = p*p; i <= sieve; i += p) 
                    prime[i] = true; 
            } 
        } 
          
       
       
    
    } 
 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


public static String reverse(String input)
{
    String op = "" ;
    
    for(int i = 0; i < input.length() ; i++ )
    {
        op = input.charAt(i)+  op ; 
    }
    
return op ;
}


///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


public static void sortD(int[] arr)
{
      sort(arr ,0 , arr.length-1) ;
      
      int i =0 ; int j = arr.length -1  ;
      
      while( i < j)
      {
            int temp = arr[i] ;
            arr[i] =arr[j] ;
            arr[j] = temp ;
            i++ ; j-- ;
      }
      
      
      
      return ;
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static boolean sameParity(long a  ,long b )
{
      
      if(a%2 == b %2)
      {
            return true  ;
      }
      else{
            return false  ;
      }
}


///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static boolean sameParity(int a  ,int b )
{
      
      if(a%2 == b %2)
      {
            return true  ;
      }
      else{
            return false  ;
      }
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static boolean isPossibleTriangle(int a  ,int b , int c)
{
      if( a + b > c && c+b > a && a +c > b)
      {
            return true  ;
      }
      
      return false  ;
      
      
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    
public static int gcd(int a, int b )
{

if(b==0)return a ;

else return gcd(b,a%b) ; 


}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static int lcm(int a, int b ,int c , int d )
{

int temp = lcm(a,b , c) ;


 
 int ans = lcm(temp ,d ) ;

return ans  ;


}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static int lcm(int a, int b ,int c )
{

int temp = lcm(a,b) ;

int ans =  lcm(temp ,c) ;

return ans  ;


}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    
public static int lcm(int a , int b )
{

int gc = gcd(a,b);

return (a*b)/gc ;




}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

static boolean isPrime(int n)
{
      if(n==1)
      {
            return false  ;
      }
      
      boolean ans =  true  ;
      
      for(int i = 2; i*i <= n ;i++)
      {
            if(n% i ==0)
            {
                  ans = false  ;break ;
            }
      }
      
      
      return ans  ;
      
      
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
public static long nCr(int n,int k)
{
    long ans=1;
    k=k>n-k?n-k:k;
    int j=1;
    for(;j<=k;j++,n--)
    {
        if(n%j==0)
        {
            ans*=n/j;
        }else
        if(ans%j==0)
        {
            ans=ans/j*n;
        }else
        {
            ans=(ans*n)/j;
        }
    }
    return ans;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static ArrayList<Integer> allFactors(int n)
{   
      ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>() ;
      
    for(int i = 1; i*i <= n ;i++)
    {
          if( n % i == 0)
          {
              if(i*i == n)
              {
                    list.add(i) ;
              }
              else{
                    list.add(i) ;
                    list.add(n/i) ;
                    
              }
          }
    }
      
     return list ; 
      
      
}



/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static boolean isPowerOfTwo(int n) 
{ 
    if(n==0) 
    return false; 
  
if(((n ) & (n-1)) == 0 ) return true ;
else return false  ;

} 
   
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////   
   
    public static int countDigit(long n) 
    { 
        return (int)Math.floor(Math.log10(n) + 1); 
    } 
    
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
  
   static final int MAXN = 100001; 
       
    
    static int spf[] = new int[MAXN]; 
   
    static void sieve() 
    { 
        spf[1] = 1; 
        for (int i=2; i<MAXN; i++) 
       
           
            spf[i] = i; 
       
       
        for (int i=4; i<MAXN; i+=2) 
            spf[i] = 2; 
       
        for (int i=3; i*i<MAXN; i++) 
        { 
           
            if (spf[i] == i) 
            { 
               
                for (int j=i*i; j<MAXN; j+=i) 
       
                    if (spf[j]==j) 
                        spf[j] = i; 
            } 
        } 
    } 
       
// The above code works well for n upto the order of 10^7.
// Beyond this we will face memory issues.

// Time Complexity: The precomputation for smallest prime factor is done in O(n log log n)
// using sieve.
// Where as in the calculation step we are dividing the number every time by 
// the smallest prime number till it becomes 1.
// So, let’s consider a worst case in which every time the SPF is 2 .
// Therefore will have log n division steps.


// Hence, We can say that our Time Complexity will be O(log n) in worst case.


    static Vector<Integer> getFactorization(int x) 
    { 
        Vector<Integer> ret = new Vector<>(); 
        while (x != 1) 
        { 
            ret.add(spf[x]); 
            x = x / spf[x]; 
        } 
        return ret; 
    } 
       
  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   
public static void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r)
    {
        // Find sizes of two subarrays to be merged
        int n1 = m - l + 1;
        int n2 = r - m;
 
        /* Create temp arrays */
        int L[] = new int [n1];
        int R[] = new int [n2];
 
        /*Copy data to temp arrays*/
        for (int i=0; i<n1; ++i)
            L[i] = arr[l + i];
        for (int j=0; j<n2; ++j)
            R[j] = arr[m + 1+ j];
 
 
        /* Merge the temp arrays */
 
        // Initial indexes of first and second subarrays
        int i = 0, j = 0;
 
        // Initial index of merged subarry array
        int k = l;
        while (i < n1 && j < n2)
        {
            if (L[i] <= R[j])
            {
                arr[k] = L[i];
                i++;
            }
            else
            {
                arr[k] = R[j];
                j++;
            }
            k++;
        }
 
        /* Copy remaining elements of L[] if any */
        while (i < n1)
        {
            arr[k] = L[i];
            i++;
            k++;
        }
 
        /* Copy remaining elements of R[] if any */
        while (j < n2)
        {
            arr[k] = R[j];
            j++;
            k++;
        }
    }
 
    // Main function that sorts arr[l..r] using
    // merge()
  public static void sort(int arr[], int l, int r)
    {
        if (l < r)
        {
            // Find the middle point
            int m = (l+r)/2;
 
            // Sort first and second halves
            sort(arr, l, m);
            sort(arr , m+1, r);
 
            // Merge the sorted halves
            merge(arr, l, m, r);
        }
    }

 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
	public static long knapsack(int[] weight,long value[],int maxWeight){

        
        int n=  value.length ;
        
	
	//dp[i] stores the profit with KnapSack capacity "i" 
   long []dp = new long[maxWeight+1]; 
      
    //initially profit with 0 to W KnapSack capacity is 0 
    Arrays.fill(dp, 0); 
  
    // iterate through all items 
    for(int i=0; i < n; i++)  
      
        //traverse dp array from right to left 
        for(int j = maxWeight; j >= weight[i]; j--) 
            dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j] , value[i] + dp[j - weight[i]]); 
              
    /*above line finds out maximum of dp[j](excluding ith element value) 
    and val[i] + dp[j-wt[i]] (including ith element value and the 
    profit with "KnapSack capacity - ith element weight") */
    return dp[maxWeight]; 
	}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


// to return max sum of any subarray in given array
public static long kadanesAlgorithm(long[] arr)
{
      long[] dp = new long[arr.length] ;
      
      dp[0] = arr[0] ;
      long max =  dp[0] ;
      
      
      for(int i = 1; i <  arr.length ; i++)
      {
            if(dp[i-1] > 0)
            {
                  dp[i] = dp[i-1] + arr[i] ;
            }
            else{
                  dp[i] = arr[i] ;
            }
            
            if(dp[i] >  max)max = dp[i] ;
            
      }
      
      return max  ;
      
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
public static long kadanesAlgorithm(int[] arr)
{
      long[] dp = new long[arr.length] ;
      
      dp[0] = arr[0] ;
      long max =  dp[0] ;
      
      
      for(int i = 1; i <  arr.length ; i++)
      {
            if(dp[i-1] > 0)
            {
                  dp[i] = dp[i-1] + arr[i] ;
            }
            else{
                  dp[i] = arr[i] ;
            }
            
            if(dp[i] >  max)max = dp[i] ;
            
      }
      
      return max  ;
      
}

      
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Arrays.sort(arr, new Comparator<Pair>() {
// 			@Override
// 			public int compare(Pair first, Pa second) {
// 				if (first.getAge() != second.getAge()) {
// 					return first.getAge() - second.getAge();
// 				}
// 				return first.getName().compareTo(second.getName());
// 			}
// 		});

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static long binarySerachGreater(int[] arr , int start , int end , int val)
{
      
      // fing total no of elements strictly grater than val in sorted array arr 
      
      
      if(start >  end)return  0 ; //Base case
      
      
      int mid = (start + end)/2  ;
      
      if(arr[mid] <=val)
      {
           return binarySerachGreater(arr,mid+1, end ,val) ; 
            
      }
      else{
            
         return binarySerachGreater(arr,start , mid -1,val) + end-mid+1 ;    
            
      }
      
      
}



//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//TO GENERATE ALL(DUPLICATE ALSO EXIST) PERMUTATIONS OF A STRING

//Function for swapping the characters at position I with character at position j  
    public static String swapString(String a, int i, int j) {  
        char[] b =a.toCharArray();  
        char ch;  
        ch = b[i];  
        b[i] = b[j];  
        b[j] = ch;  
        return String.valueOf(b);  
    }  
      
//Function for generating different permutations of the string  
    public static void generatePermutation(String str, int start, int end)  
    {  
        //Prints the permutations  
        if (start == end-1)  
            System.out.println(str);  
        else  
        {  
            for (int i = start; i < end; i++)  
            {  
                //Swapping the string by fixing a character  
                str = swapString(str,start,i);  
                //Recursively calling function generatePermutation() for rest of the characters   
                generatePermutation(str,start+1,end);  
                //Backtracking and swapping the characters again.  
                str = swapString(str,start,i);  
            }  
        }  
    }  


// JUST CALL generatePermutation( str,  start,  end) start :inclusive ,end : exclusive 






////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static long arraySum(int[] arr , int start , int end)
{
    long ans = 0 ;
    
    for(int i = start ; i <= end  ; i++)ans += arr[i] ;
    
    return ans  ;
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static int mod(int x)
{
      if(x <0)return -1*x ;
      else return x ;
}
public static long mod(long x)
{
      if(x <0)return -1*x ;
      else return x ;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static void swapArray(int[] arr , int start , int end)
{
    while(start < end)
    {
        int temp = arr[start] ;
        arr[start] = arr[end];
        arr[end] = temp;
        start++ ;end-- ;
    }
}


//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static long factMod(long n, long mod) {
    if (n <= 1) return 1;
    long ans = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
      ans = (ans * i) % mod;
    }
    return ans;
  }


/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
public static long power(int x  ,int n)
    {
        //time comp : o(logn) 
        
        if(n==0)return 1 ;
        if(n==1)return x;
        
        long ans =1  ;
       
       while(n>0)
       {
           if(n % 2 ==1)
           {
               ans = ans *x ;
           }
           
           n /= 2 ;
           
          x =  x*x ;
           
       }
       
       return ans ;
    }

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
public static long powerMod(long x, long n, long mod) {
    //time comp : o(logn) 
    long ans = 1;
    while (n > 0) {
      if (n % 2 == 1) ans = (ans * x) % mod;
      x = (x * x) % mod;
      n /= 2;
    }
    return ans;
  }
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static int[][] rotate(int[][] input){

int n =input.length;
int m = input[0].length ;
int[][] output = new int [m][n];

for (int i=0; i<n; i++)
	for (int j=0;j<m; j++)
		output [j][n-1-i] = input[i][j];
return output;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/*
lowerBound - finds largest element equal or less than value paased
upperBound - finds smallest element equal or more than value passed

if not present return -1;

*/

public static long lowerBound(long[] arr,long k)
	{
		long ans=-1;
		
		int start=0;
		int end=arr.length-1;
		
		while(start<=end)
		{
			int mid=(start+end)/2;
			
			if(arr[mid]<=k)
			{
				ans=arr[mid];
				start=mid+1;
			}
			else
			{
				end=mid-1;
			}
			
		}
		
		return ans;
		
	}
	
	public static int lowerBound(int[] arr,int k)
	{
		int ans=-1;
		
		int start=0;
		int end=arr.length-1;
		
		while(start<=end)
		{
			int mid=(start+end)/2;
			
			if(arr[mid]<=k)
			{
				ans=arr[mid];
				start=mid+1;
			}
			else
			{
				end=mid-1;
			}
			
		}
		
		return ans;
		
	}
	
	
	public static long upperBound(long[] arr,long k)
	{
		long ans=-1;
		
		int start=0;
		int end=arr.length-1;
		
		while(start<=end)
		{
			int mid=(start+end)/2;
			
			if(arr[mid]>=k)
			{
				ans=arr[mid];
				end=mid-1;
			}
			else
			{
				start=mid+1;
			}
			
		}
		
		return ans;
	}
	
	
	public static int upperBound(int[] arr,int k)
	{
		int ans=-1;
		
		int start=0;
		int end=arr.length-1;
		
		while(start<=end)
		{
			int mid=(start+end)/2;
			
			if(arr[mid]>=k)
			{
				ans=arr[mid];
				end=mid-1;
			}
			else
			{
				start=mid+1;
			}
			
		}
		
		return ans;
	}
	

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

public static void solve()
{
FastReader scn = new FastReader() ;


ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>() ;
ArrayList<Integer> lista = new ArrayList<>() ;
ArrayList<Integer> listb = new ArrayList<>() ;

HashMap<Integer,Integer> map = new HashMap<>() ;
HashMap<Integer,Integer> map1  = new HashMap<>() ;
HashMap<Integer,Integer> map2  = new HashMap<>() ;
HashMap<Point,Long> point = new HashMap<>() ; 


//HashMap<String,Integer> maps = new HashMap<>() ;
//HashMap<Integer,Boolean> mapb = new HashMap<>() ;


//if(map.containsKey(arr[i]))map.put(arr[i] , map.get(arr[i]) +1 ) ;
//else map.put(arr[i],1) ;

// if(map.containsKey(temp))map.put(temp , map.get(temp) +1 ) ;
// else map.put(temp,1) ;

Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>() ;
//Set<Integer> sety = new HashSet<>() ;

//int t = scn.nextInt() ;
int t = 1; 

while(t-- > 0)
{
//   int n = scn.nextInt() ;
  // int[] arr = new int[n] ;
  
 
 int n = scn.nextInt() ;int m = scn.nextInt() ;int x = scn.nextInt() ;int y = scn.nextInt() ;
 
 int count = n*m;
 
 int flag =0 ; // 0-up
 

int tempx =  m-1 ;

int tempy =0;

out.println(x+" " + y) ;
out.println(x+" " + m) ;

for(int j = 1 ; j <= n ;j++)
{
    if(j == x)continue ;
    out.println(j +" " + m) ;
}


while(tempx   >= 1)
{
    
if(flag ==0)
{
    tempy = n ;
  
  while( tempy > 0)
  {
      if(tempy == x && tempx == y){tempy-- ;continue  ;}
  out.println(tempy+" " + tempx) ;count++ ;
  
  tempy-- ;
  
  }  
    
  
   
}

else{
    
    tempy = 1; 
    while( tempy <= n)
  {
       if(tempy == x && tempx == y){tempy++ ;continue  ;}
  out.println(tempy+" " + tempx) ;count++ ;
  
  tempy++ ;
  
  }  
  
    
}

  flag ^= 1 ;
  
   tempx-- ;
}
  
  
  
//   tempx = 1;
  
  
// while(tempx < x)
// {
    
// if(flag ==0)
// {
//   tempy = n ;
  
//   while( tempy > 0)
//   {
//   out.print(tempx+" " + tempy) ;count++ ;
  
//   tempy-- ;
  
//   }  
    
//     tempx++ ;
//     tempy = 0;
// }

// else{
//     tempy = 0 ;
    
//     while( tempy <= n)
//   {
//   out.print(tempx+" " + tempy) ;count++ ;
  
//   tempy++ ;
  
//   }  
  
//   tempy = n ;
//   tempx++ ;
    
// }

//   flag ^= 1 ;
  
  
// }
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
list.clear() ;
map.clear() ;
map1.clear() ;
map2.clear() ;
set.clear() ;
} // test case loop


out.flush() ;  
}


public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
{
  

solve() ;
      
}


}
  
 class Pair 
{
  int first ;
  
  int second  ;
      
@Override
	public String toString() {
	
	String ans = "" ;
	ans  += this.first ;
	ans += " ";
	ans += this.second ;
	
	return ans  ;
	}



}