Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
void solve() {
  long long n, k;
  cin >> n >> k;
  long long ans = k;
  long long q = k / n;
  long long r = k % n;
  ans += q;
  while ((r + q) >= n) {
    long long t_q = q;
    q = (r + q) / n;
    r = (r + t_q) % n;
    ans += q;
  }
  cout << ans << endl;
}
int32_t main() {
  long long t;
  cin >> t;
  while (t--) {
    solve();
  }
}