Problem: Boboniu likes playing chess with his employees. As we know, no employee can beat the boss in the chess game, so Boboniu has never lost in any round.

You are a new applicant for his company. Boboniu will test you with the following chess question:

Consider a n× m grid (rows are numbered from 1 to n, and columns are numbered from 1 to m). You have a chess piece, and it stands at some cell (S_x,S_y) which is not on the border (i.e. 2 ≤ S_x ≤ n-1 and 2 ≤ S_y ≤ m-1).

From the cell (x,y), you can move your chess piece to (x,y') (1≤ y'≤ m, y' ≠ y) or (x',y) (1≤ x'≤ n, x'≠ x). In other words, the chess piece moves as a rook. From the cell, you can move to any cell on the same row or column.

Your goal is to visit each cell exactly once. Can you find a solution?

Note that cells on the path between two adjacent cells in your route are not counted as visited, and it is not required to return to the starting point.

Input

The only line of the input contains four integers n, m, S_x and S_y (3≤ n,m≤ 100, 2 ≤ S_x ≤ n-1, 2 ≤ S_y ≤ m-1) — the number of rows, the number of columns, and the initial position of your chess piece, respectively.

Output

You should print n⋅ m lines.

The i-th line should contain two integers x_i and y_i (1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m), denoting the i-th cell that you visited. You should print exactly nm pairs (x_i, y_i), they should cover all possible pairs (x_i, y_i), such that 1 ≤ x_i ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_i ≤ m.

We can show that under these constraints there always exists a solution. If there are multiple answers, print any.

Examples

Input


3 3 2 2


Output


2 2
1 2
1 3
2 3
3 3
3 2
3 1
2 1
1 1


Input


3 4 2 2


Output


2 2
2 1
2 3
2 4
1 4
3 4
3 3
3 2
3 1
1 1
1 2
1 3

Note

Possible routes for two examples:

<image>

Solution (in PYTHON):

Solution:
"""
// Author : snape_here - Susanta Mukherjee
     
 """
 
from __future__ import division, print_function
 
import os,sys
from io import BytesIO, IOBase
 
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
    from __builtin__ import xrange as range
    from future_builtins import ascii, filter, hex, map, oct, zip
 
def ii(): return int(input())
def fi(): return float(input())
def si(): return input()
def msi(): return map(str,input().split())
def mi(): return map(int,input().split())
def li(): return list(mi())
 
 
def read():
    sys.stdin = open('input.txt', 'r')  
    sys.stdout = open('output.txt', 'w') 
 
def gcd(x, y):
    while y:
        x, y = y, x % y
    return x

def lcm(x, y):
    return (x*y)//(gcd(x,y))

mod=1000000007 

def modInverse(b,m): 
    g = gcd(b, m)  
    if (g != 1):         
        return -1
    else:          
        return pow(b, m - 2, m) 

def modu(a,b,m): 

    a = a % m 
    inv = modInverse(b,m) 
    if(inv == -1): 
        return -999999999
    else: 
        return (inv*a)%m

from math import log,sqrt,factorial,cos,tan,sin,radians,ceil,floor

import bisect

from decimal import *

getcontext().prec = 25

abc="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"

pi=3.141592653589793238

def main():

    for _ in range(1):
        n,m,x,y=mi()
        c=x 
        d=y 
        g=0
        f=0
        for j in range(m):
            print(c,d)
            if d==m:
                f=1 
                d=y
            if d==1:
                f=0
            if f:
                d-=1 
            else:
                d+=1
        c=x-1 
        d=1
        for i in range(n-1):
            f=0
            for j in range(m):
                print(c,d)
                if d==m:
                    f=1 
                if d==1:
                    f=0
                if f:
                    d-=1 
                else:
                    d+=1
            if c==1:
                c=x
                g=1
            if g:
                c+=1 
            else:
                c-=1
            if f:
                d=m 
            else:
                d=1

            


# region fastio
 
BUFSIZE = 8192
 
 
class FastIO(IOBase):
    newlines = 0
 
    def __init__(self, file):
        self._fd = file.fileno()
        self.buffer = BytesIO()
        self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode
        self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None
 
    def read(self):
        while True:
            b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE))
            if not b:
                break
            ptr = self.buffer.tell()
            self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr)
        self.newlines = 0
        return self.buffer.read()
 
    def readline(self):
        while self.newlines == 0:
            b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE))
            self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b)
            ptr = self.buffer.tell()
            self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr)
        self.newlines -= 1
        return self.buffer.readline()
 
    def flush(self):
        if self.writable:
            os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue())
            self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0)
 
 
class IOWrapper(IOBase):
    def __init__(self, file):
        self.buffer = FastIO(file)
        self.flush = self.buffer.flush
        self.writable = self.buffer.writable
        self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii"))
        self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii")
        self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii")
 
 
def print(*args, **kwargs):
    """Prints the values to a stream, or to sys.stdout by default."""
    sep, file = kwargs.pop("sep", " "), kwargs.pop("file", sys.stdout)
    at_start = True
    for x in args:
        if not at_start:
            file.write(sep)
        file.write(str(x))
        at_start = False
    file.write(kwargs.pop("end", "\n"))
    if kwargs.pop("flush", False):
        file.flush()
 
 
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
    sys.stdin, sys.stdout = FastIO(sys.stdin), FastIO(sys.stdout)
else:
    sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout)
 
input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
 
# endregion
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    #read()
    main()