Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import sys, os.path

if(os.path.exists('input.txt')):
    sys.stdin = open('input.txt',"r")
    sys.stdout = open('output.txt',"w")

sys.setrecursionlimit(10 ** 5)

def II(): return int(sys.stdin.readline())
def MI(): return map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split())
def LI(): return list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split()))

def solve():
    n,k=MI()
    a=k//(n-1)
    b=k%(n-1)
    if a>0 and b!=0:
        print((n*a)+b)
    elif a>0 and b==0:
        print((n*a)-1)
    else:
        print(b)

for _ in range(II()):
    solve()