Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from math import *
from collections import *
from itertools import *
from bisect import *
def io():
    return map(int,input().split())
def op():
    return list(map(int,input().split()))
def kl(con,x=0):
    if x==0:print('Yes') if con else print('No')
    elif x==1:print('yes') if con else print('no')
    elif x==2:print('YES') if con else print('NO')
MOD = 1000000007
MAX=2147483647
MIN=-2147483648
p=input
for _ in range(int(p())):
    l=[]
    a,b=io()
    a-=1
    if b%a==0:
        print(b+b//a-1)
    else:
        print(b+b//a)