Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import math
from collections import Counter,deque
L=lambda:list(map(int,input().split()))
M=lambda:map(int,input().split())
I=lambda:int(input())
IN=lambda:input()
mod=10**9+7
def s(a):
    print(" ".join(list(map(str,a))))
#______________________-------------------------------_____________________#
for i in range(I()):
    n,k=M()
    b=k
    y=0
    while True:
        x=b//n
        if x==y:
            break
        b+=x-y
        y=x
    print(b)