Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import sys,bisect
from math import gcd
input = sys.stdin.readline

############ ---- USER DEFINED INPUT FUNCTIONS ---- ############
def inp():
    return(int(input().rstrip()))
def inlt():
    return(list(map(int,input().rstrip().split())))
def insr():
    s = input().rstrip()
    return(s[:len(s) - 1])
def invr():
    return(map(int,input().rstrip().split()))
################################################################
############ ---- THE ACTUAL CODE STARTS BELOW ---- ############

t = inp()
for _ in range(t):
    n,k = invr()
    num = n - 1
    if num >= k:
        print(k)
    else:
        gaps = k//num + (1 if k % num != 0 else 0)
        bor = (gaps-1)*n
        add = k - (gaps - 1)*num
        
        print(bor + add)
    
    #print(n,k,num,gaps,bor)