Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
  ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cin.tie(NULL);
  cout.tie(NULL);
  ;
  long long int n, m, t, i, j, k, x, y, z, p, q;
  cin >> t;
  while (t--) {
    cin >> n >> m;
    x = m % (n - 1);
    if (x == 0) {
      long long ans = n * (m / (n - 1)) - 1;
      cout << ans << endl;
    } else {
      k = m - ((m / (n - 1)) * (n - 1));
      long long ans = (n * (m / (n - 1))) + k;
      cout << ans << endl;
    }
  }
}