Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Q3 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        InputReader in = new InputReader();
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        int t = in.nextInt();
        while (t-- > 0) {
            long N = in.nextInt(),K=in.nextInt();
            long s=1,e=(long)1e18,ans=e;

            while(s<=e){
                long mid=(s+e)/2;
                long temp=mid/N;
                if(mid-temp==K && (mid)%N!=0){
                    ans=mid;
                    break;
                }

                if(mid-temp>=K)
                    e=mid-1;
                else
                    s=mid+1;

            }

            out.println(ans);
        }
        out.close();
    }

    static class InputReader {
        public BufferedReader reader;
        public StringTokenizer tokenizer;

        static long gcd(long a, long b) {
            return b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
        }

        static int[][] packU(int n, int[] from, int[] to) {
            int[][] g = new int[n][];
            int[] p = new int[n];
            for (int f : from)
                p[f]++;
            for (int t : to)
                p[t]++;
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                g[i] = new int[p[i]];
            for (int i = 0; i < from.length; i++) {
                g[from[i]][--p[from[i]]] = to[i];
                g[to[i]][--p[to[i]]] = from[i];
            }
            return g;
        }

        public int[] shuffle(int[] arr) {
            Random r = new Random();
            for (int i = 1, j; i < arr.length; i++) {
                j = r.nextInt(i);
                arr[i] = arr[i] ^ arr[j];
                arr[j] = arr[i] ^ arr[j];
                arr[i] = arr[i] ^ arr[j];
            }
            return arr;
        }

        public InputReader() {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in), 32768);
            tokenizer = null;
        }

        public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in), 32768);
            tokenizer = null;
        }

        public String next() {
            while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }

        public char nextChar() {
            return next().charAt(0);
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        public double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }


    }

}