Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
#      .      '                    Udit Gupta @luctivud         ,              
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
                            ##     ##  #######  # #  ######
                            ##     ##  ##   ##  ###    ##
                            ##     ##  ##    #  # #    ##
                            #########  #######  # #    ##
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

import sys
import math as mt
# sys.setrecursionlimit(10**6)

def get_ints(): return map(int, sys.stdin.readline().strip().split())
def get_array(): return list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().strip().split()))

def printwsp(*args): return print(*args, end="")
def printsp(*args): return print(*args, end=" ")
def printchk(*args): return print(*args, end="tst, ")

MOD = int(1e9+7); BABYMOD = 998244353;
# ################################ HELPER PROGRAMS USED ###################################
# ################################## MAIN STARTS HERE #####################################
for _testcases_ in range(int(input())):
	n, k = get_ints()
	num = n-1
	total = k // num
	rem = k % num
	pos = n * total
	if rem == 0:
		pos -= 1
	else:
		pos += rem
	print(pos)

# #########################################################################################
'''
THE LOGIC AND APPROACH WAS DEVELOPED BY ME @luctivud.
SOME PARTS OF THE CODE HAS BEEN TAKEN FROM WEBSITES LIKE::
10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1
(I Own the code if no link is provided here or I may have missed mentioning it)
PLEASE DO NOT PLAGIARISE.
'''