Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
inp=input
li=list
iinp=lambda : int(inp())
ent=lambda : map(int,inp().split())
lient=lambda : [int(i) for i in inp().split()]
li0= lambda x: [0 for i in range(x)]
livalor=lambda valor,x: [valor for i in range(x)]
stent=lambda : [i for i in inp()]
filldp=lambda valor,x,y: [[valor for i in range(y)] for i in range(x)]
l=len

t=iinp()
for _ in range(t):
    n,k=ent()
    nodivisibles=k+k//(n-1)
    if nodivisibles%n==0: nodivisibles=nodivisibles-1
    print(nodivisibles)