Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
#_________________ Mukul Mohan Varshney _______________#
 
#Template
import sys
import os
import math
import copy
from math import gcd
from bisect import bisect
from io import BytesIO, IOBase
from math import sqrt,floor,factorial,gcd,log,ceil
from collections import deque,Counter,defaultdict
from itertools import permutations, combinations
import itertools
 
#define function 
def Int(): return int(sys.stdin.readline())
def Mint(): return map(int,sys.stdin.readline().split())
def Lstr(): return list(sys.stdin.readline().strip())
def Str(): return sys.stdin.readline().strip()
def Mstr(): return map(str,sys.stdin.readline().strip().split())
def List(): return list(map(int,sys.stdin.readline().split()))
def Hash(): return dict()
def Mod(): return 1000000007
def Ncr(n,r,p): return ((fact[n])*((ifact[r]*ifact[n-r])%p))%p
def Most_frequent(list): return max(set(list), key = list.count)
def Mat2x2(n): return [List() for _ in range(n)]
def Lcm(x,y):
   lcm = (x*y)//gcd(x,y)
   return lcm

# Driver Code 	
def solution():
     for i in range(Int()):
          n,k=Mint()
          ans=(k-1)//(n-1)
          print(ans+k)

#Call the solve function          
if __name__ == "__main__":
     solution()