Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
template <typename Arg1>
void __f(const char* name, Arg1&& arg1) {
  std::cerr << name << " : " << arg1 << "\n";
}
template <typename Arg1, typename... Args>
void __f(const char* names, Arg1&& arg1, Args&&... args) {
  const char* comma = strchr(names + 1, ',');
  std::cerr.write(names, comma - names) << " : " << arg1 << " | ";
  __f(comma + 1, args...);
}
std::pair<int, int> operator+(std::pair<int, int> a, std::pair<int, int> b) {
  return {a.first + b.first, a.second + b.second};
}
std::pair<long long, long long> operator+(std::pair<long long, long long> a,
                                          std::pair<long long, long long> b) {
  return {a.first + b.first, a.second + b.second};
}
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, std::pair<int, int> a) {
  out << a.first << " " << a.second << "\n";
  return out;
}
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, std::pair<long long, long long> a) {
  out << a.first << " " << a.second << "\n";
  return out;
}
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::pair<int, int>& a) {
  in >> a.first >> a.second;
  return in;
}
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, std::pair<long long, long long>& a) {
  in >> a.first >> a.second;
  return in;
}
using namespace std;
int main() {
  std::ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cin.tie(0);
  cout.tie(0);
  long long t, a, b, ans;
  cin >> t;
  long long N[t], K[t];
  for (int i = 0; i < t; ++i) {
    cin >> N[i] >> K[i];
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < t; ++i) {
    a = K[i] / (N[i] - 1);
    b = K[i] % (N[i] - 1);
    if (b == 0)
      ans = N[i] * a - 1;
    else
      ans = N[i] * a + b;
    cout << ans;
    cout << "\n";
  }
}