Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from math import floor, ceil

def solve(n, k):
    nums_between = n-1
    if nums_between >= k:
        return k
    
    # underestimate 
    a = ceil(k / nums_between)

    cur_num = a * n

    count = a * nums_between
    #print(a, count, cur_num)
    return cur_num + (k-count-1)

t = int(input())

for _ in range(t):
    n, k = map(int, input().split())
    print(solve(n, k))