Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from sys import *
from collections import *
from math import *

input = stdin.readline

tc = int(input())
for tcase in range(tc):
	n, k = map(int, input().split())
	lo = 1
	hi = 10 ** 19
	ans = -1
	while (lo <= hi):
		mid = (lo + hi) // 2
		divi = mid - mid // n
		if (divi >= k):
			ans = mid
			hi = mid - 1
		else:
			lo = mid + 1
	print(ans)