Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import javafx.util.Pair;

import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.math.*;

public class Main {
    public static FastIO file = new FastIO();

    private static void solve() {
        int amount = nextInt();
        while (amount-- > 0) {
            long n = nextInt();
            long k = nextInt();
            long index = 0, previousIndex = 0;
            long answer;
            answer = k;
            while (answer/n != index) {
                index = answer/n;
                answer = answer+answer/n-previousIndex;
                previousIndex = index;
            }
            System.out.println(answer);
        }
    }

    private static int[] nextArray(int n) {
        int[] a = new int[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] = nextInt();
        return a;
    }

    public static int[][] nextArray2D(int n, int m) {
        int[][] result = new int[n][];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            result[i] = nextArray(m);
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static long pow(long n, long p) {
        long ret = 1L;
        while (p > 0) {
            if (p % 2 != 0L)
                ret *= n;
            n *= n;
            p >>= 1L;
        }
        return ret;
    }

    public static String next() {
        return file.next();
    }

    public static int nextInt() {
        return file.nextInt();
    }

    public static long nextLong() {
        return file.nextLong();
    }

    public static double nextDouble() {
        return file.nextDouble();
    }

    public static String nextLine() {
        return file.nextLine();
    }

    public static class FastIO {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;
        PrintWriter out;

        public FastIO() {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        }

        String next() {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
                try {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        String nextLine() {
            String str = "";
            try {
                str = br.readLine();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        solve();
    }


}