Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import sys, random
from bisect import bisect_left, bisect_right
input = sys.stdin.readline

def main():
    inf = 10 ** 20

    t = int(input())
    # t, a, b = map(int, input().split())
    # t = 1
    
    
    for _ in range(1, t+1):
        # print("Case #{}: ".format(_), end = '')
        
        n, k = map(int, input().split())
        k -= 1 
        print((k%(n-1)+1) + n * (k // (n-1)))
        
main()