Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import random
import math
LI = lambda: list(map(int,input().split()))
MI = lambda: map(int,input().split())
yes = lambda: print("Yes")
no = lambda: print("No")
I = lambda: list(input())
J = lambda x: "".join(x)
II = lambda: int(input())
SI = lambda: input()
#---khan17---template
t = II()
for q in range(t):
	n,k = MI()
	temp = (k//(n-1))*n
	if k%(n-1) == 0:
		print(temp-1)
	else:
		print(temp+k%(n-1))