Problem: You are given two positive integers n and k. Print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

For example, if n=3, and k=7, then all numbers that are not divisible by 3 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13 .... The 7-th number among them is 10.

Input

The first line contains an integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1000) — the number of test cases in the input. Next, t test cases are given, one per line.

Each test case is two positive integers n (2 ≤ n ≤ 10^9) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 10^9).

Output

For each test case print the k-th positive integer that is not divisible by n.

Example

Input


6
3 7
4 12
2 1000000000
7 97
1000000000 1000000000
2 1


Output


10
15
1999999999
113
1000000001
1

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
from collections import Counter,defaultdict,deque
#import heapq as hq
#import itertools
from operator import itemgetter
#from itertools import count, islice
#from functools import reduce
#alph = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
#from math import factorial as fact
#a,b = [int(x) for x in input().split()]
#sarr = [x for x in input().strip().split()]
import math
import sys
input=sys.stdin.readline
#sys.setrecursionlimit(2**30)

def solve():
    n,k = [int(x) for x in input().split()]
    res = k*n//(n-1)
    '''(k+ res//n)==res and'''
    if not res%n==0:
        print(res)
    else:
        print(res-1)

tt = int(input())
for test in range(tt):
    solve()















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