Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;

public class C {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FastScanner scanner = new FastScanner();
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        int n = scanner.nextInt();
        int[][] mat = new int[n][n];
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i+=4) {
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j+=4) {
                for(int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
                    for(int l = 0; l < 4; l++) {
                        mat[i+k][j + l] = k * 4 + l + j * 4 + i * n;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
//        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
//            int r = 0;
//            int c = 0;
//            for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
//                r ^= mat[i][j];
//                c ^= mat[j][i];
//            }
//            out.println(r + " " + c);
//        }
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                if (j > 0) out.print(" ");
            out.print(mat[i][j]);
            }
            out.println();
        }
        out.flush();
    }
    
    public static class FastScanner {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;
        
        public FastScanner(Reader in) {
            br = new BufferedReader(in);
        }
        
        public FastScanner() {
            this(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }
        
        String next() {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
                try {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }
        
        int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }
        
        long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }
        
        double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }
        
        String readNextLine() {
            String str = "";
            try {
                str = br.readLine();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }
    }
}