Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
  int n;
  cin >> n;
  vector<vector<int>> a(n, vector<int>(n));
  int i, j, ii, jj, x = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < n; i += 4)
    for (j = 0; j < n; j += 4)
      for (ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++)
        for (jj = 0; jj < 4; jj++) a[i + ii][j + jj] = x++;
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++, cout << '\n')
    for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
      if (j > 0) cout << " ";
      cout << a[i][j];
    }
  return 0;
}