Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
inline long long read() {
  long long x = 0, f = 0;
  char ch = getchar();
  while (!isdigit(ch)) f |= (ch == '-'), ch = getchar();
  while (isdigit(ch)) x = x * 10 + ch - '0', ch = getchar();
  return f ? -x : x;
}
inline void write(long long x) {
  if (x < 0) x = -x, putchar('-');
  if (x >= 10) write(x / 10);
  putchar(x % 10 + '0');
}
long long n, now[4][4] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15};
inline long long find(long long x, long long y) {
  return (x / 4) * (n / 4) + y / 4 + 1;
}
signed main() {
  n = read();
  for (register long long i = 0; i <= n - 1; i++) {
    for (register long long j = 0; j <= n - 1; j++) {
      long long at = find(i, j);
      cout << (at - 1) * 16 + now[i % 4][j % 4] << " ";
    }
    puts("");
  }
  return 0;
}