Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.*;

public class Solution
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        FastReader in=new FastReader(System.in);
        StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
        int i,j,x,xor,y=0;
        int n=in.nextInt();
        int arr[][]=new int[n][n];
        for(i=0;i<n;i++)
        {
            if(i%4==0 && i!=0)
                y+=n*4;
            x=y+i%4;

            xor=0;
            for(j=0;j<n;j++)
            {
                arr[i][j]=x;
                xor=xor^arr[i][j];
               sb.append(x).append(" ");
               x+=4;
            }
            //System.out.print(xor+" ");
            sb.append("\n");
        }
        //System.out.println();
        /*for(j=0;j<n;j++)
        {
            xor=0;
            for(i=0;i<n;i++)
                xor=xor^arr[i][j];
            System.out.print(xor+" ");
        }
        System.out.println();*/
        System.out.print(sb);

    }
}
class Node implements Comparable<Node>
{
    int val;
    int pos;
    public Node(int v,int p)
    {
        val=v;
        pos=p;
    }
    public int compareTo(Node n)
    {
        if(this.val>n.val)
            return 1;
        else if(this.val<n.val)
            return -1;
        else
            return 0;
    }
}
class FastReader {

    byte[] buf = new byte[2048];
    int index, total;
    InputStream in;

    FastReader(InputStream is) {
        in = is;
    }

    int scan() throws IOException {
        if (index >= total) {
            index = 0;
            total = in.read(buf);
            if (total <= 0) {
                return -1;
            }
        }
        return buf[index++];
    }

    String next() throws IOException {
        int c;
        for (c = scan(); c <= 32; c = scan()) ;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (; c > 32; c = scan()) {
            sb.append((char) c);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    String nextLine() throws IOException {
        int c;
        for (c = scan(); c <= 32; c = scan()) ;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (; c != 10 && c != 13; c = scan()) {
            sb.append((char) c);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    char nextChar() throws IOException {
        int c;
        for (c = scan(); c <= 32; c = scan()) ;
        return (char) c;
    }

    int nextInt() throws IOException {
        int c, val = 0;
        for (c = scan(); c <= 32; c = scan()) ;
        boolean neg = c == '-';
        if (c == '-' || c == '+') {
            c = scan();
        }
        for (; c >= '0' && c <= '9'; c = scan()) {
            val = (val << 3) + (val << 1) + (c & 15);
        }
        return neg ? -val : val;
    }

    long nextLong() throws IOException {
        int c;
        long val = 0;
        for (c = scan(); c <= 32; c = scan()) ;
        boolean neg = c == '-';
        if (c == '-' || c == '+') {
            c = scan();
        }
        for (; c >= '0' && c <= '9'; c = scan()) {
            val = (val << 3) + (val << 1) + (c & 15);
        }
        return neg ? -val : val;
    }
}