Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringJoiner;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.function.Function;

public class MainC {

    static int N;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FastScanner sc = new FastScanner(System.in);
        N = sc.nextInt();

        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        solve(pw);
        pw.flush();
    }

    static void solve(PrintWriter pw) {
        //  0  1  2  3
        //  4  5  6  7
        //  8  9 10 11
        // 11 12 13 14
        // で埋める気持ち

        int[][] ans = new int[N][N];

        for (int u = 0; u < N/4; u++) {
            for (int v = 0; v < N/4; v++) {
                int d = (u*(N/4) + v) * 16;
                for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
                        int h = u*4 + i;
                        int w = v*4 + j;
                        ans[h][w] = d + i*4 + j;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            pw.println( mkString(ans[i]) );
        }
    }

    static String mkString(int[] arr) {
        StringJoiner j = new StringJoiner(" ");
        for (int a : arr) {
            j.add(String.valueOf(a));
        }
        return j.toString();
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    static class FastScanner {
        private BufferedReader reader;
        private StringTokenizer tokenizer;

        FastScanner(InputStream in) {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            tokenizer = null;
        }

        String next() {
            if (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }

        String nextLine() {
            if (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    return reader.readLine();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken("\n");
        }

        long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
            int[] a = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextInt();
            return a;
        }

        int[] nextIntArray(int n, int delta) {
            int[] a = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextInt() + delta;
            return a;
        }

        long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
            long[] a = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextLong();
            return a;
        }
    }

    static <A> void writeLines(A[] as, Function<A, String> f) {
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        for (A a : as) {
            pw.println(f.apply(a));
        }
        pw.flush();
    }

    static void writeLines(int[] as) {
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        for (int a : as) pw.println(a);
        pw.flush();
    }

    static void writeLines(long[] as) {
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        for (long a : as) pw.println(a);
        pw.flush();
    }

    static int max(int... as) {
        int max = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
        for (int a : as) max = Math.max(a, max);
        return max;
    }

    static int min(int... as) {
        int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        for (int a : as) min = Math.min(a, min);
        return min;
    }

    static void debug(Object... args) {
        StringJoiner j = new StringJoiner(" ");
        for (Object arg : args) {
            if (arg instanceof int[]) j.add(Arrays.toString((int[]) arg));
            else if (arg instanceof long[]) j.add(Arrays.toString((long[]) arg));
            else if (arg instanceof double[]) j.add(Arrays.toString((double[]) arg));
            else if (arg instanceof Object[]) j.add(Arrays.toString((Object[]) arg));
            else j.add(arg.toString());
        }
        System.err.println(j.toString());
    }
}