Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import math

def solve(n):
    result = []
    for i in range(n):
        result.append([0] * n)

    d0 = [[8, 9, 1, 13], [3, 12, 7, 5], [0, 2, 4, 11], [6, 10, 15, 14]]

    start = 0
    for ind0 in range(0, n // 4):
        for ind1 in range(0, n // 4):
            for i in range(4):
                for j in range(4):
                    result[ind0 * 4 + i][ind1 * 4 + j] = start + d0[i][j]
            start += 16
    return result


def main():
    n = int(input())
    matrix = solve(n)
    print('\n'.join([(' '.join([str(y) for y in x])) for x in matrix]))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()