Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in PYTHON3):

Solution:
import sys
input = sys.stdin.readline
 
def getInt(): return int(input())
def getVars(): return map(int, input().split())
def getArr(): return list(map(int, input().split()))
def getStr(): return input().strip()
## -------------------------------

def addDictList(d, key, val):
    if key not in d: d[key] = []
    d[key].append(val)

def addDictInt(d, key, val):
    if key not in d: d[key] = 0
    d[key] = val
    
def addDictCount(d, key):
    if key not in d: d[key] = 0
    d[key] += 1

def addDictSum(d, key, val):
    if key not in d: d[key] = 0
    d[key] += val

## -------------------------------
 
n = getInt()
a = []
for i in range(n):
    a.append([])

x = 0
for col in range(0, n, 4):
    for row in range(n):
        for col2 in range(4):
            a[col+col2].append(x)
            x += 1

for row in range(n):
    print(*a[row])