Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class CP {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        /*new Thread(null, new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    new Solver().solve();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    System.exit(1);
                }
            }
        }, "Solver", 1l << 30).start();*/

        new Solver().solve();
    }
}

class Solver {
    IO io = new IO(System.in, System.out);

    int N;

    void solve() throws Exception {
        int i, j, k, l;

        N = io.nextInt();
        int[][] mat = new int[N][N];

        int x = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < N; i += 4) {
            for (j = 0; j < N; j += 4) {
                for (k = i; k < i + 4; ++k) {
                    for (l = j; l < j + 4; ++l) mat[k][l] = x++;
                }
            }
        }

        for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            for (j = 0; j < N; ++j) io.printsp(mat[i][j]);
            io.println();
        }

        io.flush();
    }
}


class IO {
    static byte[] buf = new byte[2048];
    static int index, total;
    static InputStream in;
    static BufferedWriter bw;


    IO(InputStream is, OutputStream os) {
        try {
            in = is;
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(os));
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
    }

    IO(String inputFile, String outputFile) {
        try {
            in = new FileInputStream(inputFile);
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
                    new FileOutputStream(outputFile)));
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
    }

    int scan() throws Exception {
        if (index >= total) {
            index = 0;
            total = in.read(buf);
            if (total <= 0)
                return -1;
        }
        return buf[index++];
    }

    String next() throws Exception {
        int c;
        for (c = scan(); c <= 32; c = scan()) ;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (; c > 32; c = scan())
            sb.append((char) c);
        return sb.toString();
    }

    int nextInt() throws Exception {
        int c, val = 0;
        for (c = scan(); c <= 32; c = scan()) ;
        boolean neg = c == '-';
        if (c == '-' || c == '+')
            c = scan();
        for (; c >= '0' && c <= '9'; c = scan())
            val = (val << 3) + (val << 1) + (c & 15);
        return neg ? -val : val;
    }

    long nextLong() throws Exception {
        int c;
        long val = 0;
        for (c = scan(); c <= 32; c = scan()) ;
        boolean neg = c == '-';
        if (c == '-' || c == '+')
            c = scan();
        for (; c >= '0' && c <= '9'; c = scan())
            val = (val << 3) + (val << 1) + (c & 15);
        return neg ? -val : val;
    }

    void print(Object a) throws Exception {
        bw.write(a.toString());
    }

    void printsp(Object a) throws Exception {
        print(a);
        bw.write(" ");
    }

    void println() throws Exception {
        bw.write("\n");
    }

    void println(Object a) throws Exception {
        print(a);
        println();
    }

    void flush() throws Exception {
        bw.flush();
        bw.close();
    }
}