Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = (int)1e3 + 3;
int ans[maxn][maxn];
int main() {
  cin.sync_with_stdio(0), cin.tie(0);
  int n;
  cin >> n;
  int cnt = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i += 4) {
    for (int j = 0; j < n; j += 4) {
      for (int a = i; a < i + 4; ++a) {
        for (int b = j; b < j + 4; ++b) {
          ans[a][b] = cnt++;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  int x = 0, exp = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
    x = 0;
    for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
      cout << ans[i][j] << ' ';
      x ^= ans[i][j];
    }
    cout << '\n';
    if (i == 0) {
      exp = x;
    } else if (x != exp) {
      assert(0);
    }
  }
  for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
    x = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
      x ^= ans[i][j];
    }
    assert(x == exp);
  }
  return 0;
}