Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
using namespace std;
int n, a[1005][1005], cnt1 = -1, cnt2 = -1, t[4][4];
int main() {
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    int tot = 0;
    for (int j = i;; j = (j + 1) % 4) {
      cnt1++;
      t[i][j] = cnt1;
      tot++;
      if (tot == 4) break;
    }
  }
  cin >> n;
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i += 4) {
    for (int j = 0; j < n; j += 4) {
      cnt2++;
      for (int ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++)
        for (int jj = 0; jj < 4; jj++)
          a[i + ii][j + jj] = cnt2 * 16 + t[ii][jj];
    }
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) cout << a[i][j] << " ";
    cout << endl;
  }
  return 0;
}