Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import javafx.util.Pair;

import java.io.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.util.*;
@SuppressWarnings("Duplicates")
// author @mdazmat9
public class Main{
    static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    static PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        int test = 1;
       //   test=sc.nextInt();
        for (int ind = 0; ind < test; ind++) {
            solve();

        }
        out.flush();
    }
    static int count=0;
    static void solve() {
       int n=sc.nextInt();
        int[][] a=new int[n][n];
        for(int i=0;i<n;i+=4){
            for(int j=0;j<n;j+=4){
                Fill(a,i,j);
            }
        }
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
            for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
                out.print(a[i][j]+" ");
            }
            out.println();
        }
    }
    static void Fill(int[][]a,int x,int y){
        for(int i=x;i<x+4;i++){
            for(int j=y;j<y+4;j++){
                a[i][j]=count;
                count++;
            }
        }
    }


    static int[] intarray(int n){ int [] a=new int[n];for(int i=0;i<n;i++)a[i]=sc.nextInt();return a; }
    static void sort(int[]a){ shuffle(a);Arrays.sort(a);}
    static void sort(long[]a){ shuffle(a);Arrays.sort(a);}
    static long[] longarray(int n){ long [] a=new long[n];for(int i=0;i<n;i++)a[i]=sc.nextLong();return a; }
    static ArrayList<Integer> intlist(int n){ArrayList<Integer> list=new ArrayList<>();for(int i=0;i<n;i++)list.add(sc.nextInt());return list; }
    static ArrayList<Long> longlist(int n){ArrayList<Long> list=new ArrayList<>();for(int i=0;i<n;i++)list.add(sc.nextLong());return list; }
    static int[][] int2darray(int n,int m){ int [][] a=new int[n][m];for(int i=0;i<n;i++){ for(int j=0;j<m;j++){ a[i][j]=sc.nextInt(); } }return a; }
    static long[][] long2darray(int n,int m){ long [][] a=new long[n][m];for(int i=0;i<n;i++){ for(int j=0;j<m;j++){ a[i][j]=sc.nextLong(); } }return a; }
    static char[][] char2darray(int n,int m){ char [][] a=new char[n][m];for(int i=0;i<n;i++){ String s=sc.next(); a[i]=s.toCharArray(); }return a; }

    static double pi=3.14159265358979323846264;
    public static double logb( double a, double b ) {return Math.log(a) / Math.log(b); }
    static long fast_pow(long a, long b,long abs) {
        if(b == 0) return 1L;
        long val = fast_pow(a, b / 2,abs);
        if(b % 2 == 0) return val * val % abs;
        else return val * val % abs * a % abs;
    }
    static long abs = (long)1e9 + 7;
    static   void shuffle(int[] a) { int n = a.length;for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int r = i + (int) (Math.random() * (n - i));int tmp = a[i];a[i] = a[r];a[r] = tmp; } }
    static   void shuffle(long[] a) { int n = a.length;for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int r = i + (int) (Math.random() * (n - i));long tmp = a[i];a[i] = a[r];a[r] = tmp; } }
    static long gcd(long a , long b) {
        if(b == 0) return a;
        return gcd(b , a % b);
    }
}

class Scanner {
    public BufferedReader reader;
    public StringTokenizer st;
    public Scanner(InputStream stream) {
        reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream));
        st = null;
    }
    public String next() {
        while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens()) {
            try {
                String line = reader.readLine();
                if (line == null) return null;
                st = new StringTokenizer(line);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw (new RuntimeException());
            }
        }
        return st.nextToken();
    }
    public int nextInt() {
        return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }
    public long nextLong() {
        return Long.parseLong(next());
    }
    public double nextDouble() {
        return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }
}