Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

import static java.lang.Math.*;
import static java.util.Arrays.*;

public class cf1208c {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        int n = ri(), ans[][] = new int[n][n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n / 2; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n / 2; ++j) {
                ans[i][j] = 4 * (i * (n / 2) + j);
                ans[i][j + n / 2] = 4 * (i * (n / 2) + j) + 1;
                ans[i + n / 2][j] = 4 * (i * (n / 2) + j) + 2;
                ans[i + n / 2][j + n / 2] = 4 * (i * (n / 2) + j) + 3;
            }
        }
        for (int[] row : ans) {
            prln(row);
        }
        close();
    }

    static BufferedReader __in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    static PrintWriter __out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
    static StringTokenizer input;
    static Random __rand = new Random();

    // references
    // IBIG = 1e9 + 7
    // IMAX ~= 2e9
    // LMAX ~= 9e18
    
    // constants
    static final int IBIG = 1000000007;
    static final int IMAX = 2147483647;
    static final int IMIN = -2147483648;
    static final long LMAX = 9223372036854775807L;
    static final long LMIN = -9223372036854775808L;
    // math util
    static int minof(int a, int b, int c) {return min(a, min(b, c));}
    static int minof(int... x) {if(x.length == 1) return x[0]; if(x.length == 2) return min(x[0], x[1]); if(x.length == 3) return min(x[0], min(x[1], x[2])); int min = x[0]; for(int i = 1; i < x.length; ++i) if(x[i] < min) min = x[i]; return min;}
    static long minof(long a, long b, long c) {return min(a, min(b, c));}
    static long minof(long... x) {if(x.length == 1) return x[0]; if(x.length == 2) return min(x[0], x[1]); if(x.length == 3) return min(x[0], min(x[1], x[2])); long min = x[0]; for(int i = 1; i < x.length; ++i) if(x[i] < min) min = x[i]; return min;}
    static int maxof(int a, int b, int c) {return max(a, max(b, c));}
    static int maxof(int... x) {if(x.length == 1) return x[0]; if(x.length == 2) return max(x[0], x[1]); if(x.length == 3) return max(x[0], max(x[1], x[2])); int max = x[0]; for(int i = 1; i < x.length; ++i) if(x[i] > max) max = x[i]; return max;}
    static long maxof(long a, long b, long c) {return max(a, max(b, c));}
    static long maxof(long... x) {if(x.length == 1) return x[0]; if(x.length == 2) return max(x[0], x[1]); if(x.length == 3) return max(x[0], max(x[1], x[2])); long max = x[0]; for(int i = 1; i < x.length; ++i) if(x[i] > max) max = x[i]; return max;}
    static int powi(int a, int b) {if(a == 0) return 0; int ans = 1; while(b > 0) {if((b & 1) > 0) ans *= a; a *= a; b >>= 1;} return ans;}
    static long powl(long a, int b) {if(a == 0) return 0; long ans = 1; while(b > 0) {if((b & 1) > 0) ans *= a; a *= a; b >>= 1;} return ans;}
    static int fli(double d) {return (int)d;}
    static int cei(double d) {return (int)ceil(d);}
    static long fll(double d) {return (long)d;}
    static long cel(double d) {return (long)ceil(d);}
    static int gcf(int a, int b) {return b == 0 ? a : gcf(b, a % b);}
    static long gcf(long a, long b) {return b == 0 ? a : gcf(b, a % b);}
    static int lcm(int a, int b) {return a * b / gcf(a, b);}
    static long lcm(long a, long b) {return a * b / gcf(a, b);}
    static int randInt(int min, int max) {return __rand.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;}
    static long mix(long x) {x += 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15L; x = (x ^ (x >> 30)) * 0xbf58476d1ce4e5b9L; x = (x ^ (x >> 27)) * 0x94d049bb133111ebL; return x ^ (x >> 31);}
    // array util
    static void reverse(int[] a) {for(int i = 0, n = a.length, half = n / 2; i < half; ++i) {int swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = swap;}}
    static void reverse(long[] a) {for(int i = 0, n = a.length, half = n / 2; i < half; ++i) {long swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = swap;}}
    static void reverse(double[] a) {for(int i = 0, n = a.length, half = n / 2; i < half; ++i) {double swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = swap;}}
    static void reverse(char[] a) {for(int i = 0, n = a.length, half = n / 2; i < half; ++i) {char swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = swap;}}
    static void shuffle(int[] a) {int n = a.length - 1; for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {int ind = randInt(i, n); int swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[ind]; a[ind] = swap;}}
    static void shuffle(long[] a) {int n = a.length - 1; for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {int ind = randInt(i, n); long swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[ind]; a[ind] = swap;}}
    static void shuffle(double[] a) {int n = a.length - 1; for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {int ind = randInt(i, n); double swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[ind]; a[ind] = swap;}}
    static void rsort(int[] a) {shuffle(a); sort(a);}
    static void rsort(long[] a) {shuffle(a); sort(a);}
    static void rsort(double[] a) {shuffle(a); sort(a);}
    static int[] copy(int[] a) {int[] ans = new int[a.length]; for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) ans[i] = a[i]; return ans;}
    static long[] copy(long[] a) {long[] ans = new long[a.length]; for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) ans[i] = a[i]; return ans;}
    static double[] copy(double[] a) {double[] ans = new double[a.length]; for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) ans[i] = a[i]; return ans;}
    static char[] copy(char[] a) {char[] ans = new char[a.length]; for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) ans[i] = a[i]; return ans;}
    // graph util
    static List<List<Integer>> g(int n) {List<List<Integer>> g = new ArrayList<>(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) g.add(new ArrayList<>()); return g;}
    static List<Set<Integer>> sg(int n) {List<Set<Integer>> g = new ArrayList<>(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) g.add(new HashSet<>()); return g;}
    static void c(List<? extends Collection<Integer>> g, int u, int v) {g.get(u).add(v); g.get(v).add(u);}
    static void cto(List<? extends Collection<Integer>> g, int u, int v) {g.get(u).add(v);}
    static void dc(List<? extends Collection<Integer>> g, int u, int v) {g.get(u).remove(v); g.get(v).remove(u);}
    static void dcto(List<? extends Collection<Integer>> g, int u, int v) {g.get(u).remove(v);}
    // input
    static void r() throws IOException {input = new StringTokenizer(rline());}
    static int ri() throws IOException {return Integer.parseInt(rline());}
    static long rl() throws IOException {return Long.parseLong(rline());}
    static int[] ria(int n) throws IOException {int[] a = new int[n]; r(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i] = ni(); return a;}
    static int[] riam1(int n) throws IOException {int[] a = new int[n]; r(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i] = ni() - 1; return a;}
    static long[] rla(int n) throws IOException {long[] a = new long[n]; r(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i] = nl(); return a;}
    static char[] rcha() throws IOException {return rline().toCharArray();}
    static String rline() throws IOException {return __in.readLine();}
    static String n() {return input.nextToken();}
    static int rni() throws IOException {r(); return ni();}
    static int ni() {return Integer.parseInt(n());}
    static long rnl() throws IOException {r(); return nl();}
    static long nl() {return Long.parseLong(n());}
    static double rnd() throws IOException {r(); return nd();}
    static double nd() {return Double.parseDouble(n());}
    static List<List<Integer>> rg(int n, int m) throws IOException {List<List<Integer>> g = g(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) c(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1); return g;}
    static void rg(List<List<Integer>> g, int m) throws IOException {for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) c(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1);}
    static List<List<Integer>> rdg(int n, int m) throws IOException {List<List<Integer>> g = g(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) cto(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1); return g;}
    static void rdg(List<List<Integer>> g, int m) throws IOException {for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) cto(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1);}
    static List<Set<Integer>> rsg(int n, int m) throws IOException {List<Set<Integer>> g = sg(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) c(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1); return g;}
    static void rsg(List<Set<Integer>> g, int m) throws IOException {for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) c(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1);}
    static List<Set<Integer>> rdsg(int n, int m) throws IOException {List<Set<Integer>> g = sg(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) cto(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1); return g;}
    static void rdsg(List<Set<Integer>> g, int m) throws IOException {for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) cto(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1);}
    // output
    static void pr(int i) {__out.print(i);}
    static void prln(int i) {__out.println(i);}
    static void pr(long l) {__out.print(l);}
    static void prln(long l) {__out.println(l);}
    static void pr(double d) {__out.print(d);}
    static void prln(double d) {__out.println(d);}
    static void pr(char c) {__out.print(c);}
    static void prln(char c) {__out.println(c);}
    static void pr(char[] s) {__out.print(new String(s));}
    static void prln(char[] s) {__out.println(new String(s));}
    static void pr(String s) {__out.print(s);}
    static void prln(String s) {__out.println(s);}
    static void pr(Object o) {__out.print(o);}
    static void prln(Object o) {__out.println(o);}
    static void prln() {__out.println();}
    static void pryes() {__out.println("yes");}
    static void pry() {__out.println("Yes");}
    static void prY() {__out.println("YES");}
    static void prno() {__out.println("no");}
    static void prn() {__out.println("No");}
    static void prN() {__out.println("NO");}
    static void pryesno(boolean b) {__out.println(b ? "yes" : "no");};
    static void pryn(boolean b) {__out.println(b ? "Yes" : "No");}
    static void prYN(boolean b) {__out.println(b ? "YES" : "NO");}
    static void prln(int... a) {for(int i = 0, len = a.length - 1; i < len; __out.print(a[i]), __out.print(' '), ++i); __out.println(a[a.length - 1]);}
    static void prln(long... a) {for(int i = 0, len = a.length - 1; i < len; __out.print(a[i]), __out.print(' '), ++i); __out.println(a[a.length - 1]);}
    static void prln(double... a) {for(int i = 0, len = a.length - 1; i < len; __out.print(a[i]), __out.print(' '), ++i); __out.println(a[a.length - 1]);}
    static <T> void prln(Collection<T> c) {int n = c.size() - 1; Iterator<T> iter = c.iterator(); for(int i = 0; i < n; __out.print(iter.next()), __out.print(' '), ++i); if(n >= 0) __out.println(iter.next()); else __out.println();}
    static void h() {__out.println("hlfd"); flush();}
    static void flush() {__out.flush();}
    static void close() {__out.close();}
}