Problem: Let us define a magic grid to be a square matrix of integers of size n × n, satisfying the following conditions. 

  * All integers from 0 to (n^2 - 1) inclusive appear in the matrix exactly once. 
  * [Bitwise XOR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR) of all elements in a row or a column must be the same for each row and column. 



You are given an integer n which is a multiple of 4. Construct a magic grid of size n × n.

Input

The only line of input contains an integer n (4 ≤ n ≤ 1000). It is guaranteed that n is a multiple of 4.

Output

Print a magic grid, i.e. n lines, the i-th of which contains n space-separated integers, representing the i-th row of the grid.

If there are multiple answers, print any. We can show that an answer always exists.

Examples

Input


4


Output


8 9 1 13
3 12 7 5
0 2 4 11
6 10 15 14

Input


8


Output


19 55 11 39 32 36 4 52
51 7 35 31 12 48 28 20
43 23 59 15 0 8 16 44
3 47 27 63 24 40 60 56
34 38 6 54 17 53 9 37
14 50 30 22 49 5 33 29
2 10 18 46 41 21 57 13
26 42 62 58 1 45 25 61

Note

In the first example, XOR of each row and each column is 13.

In the second example, XOR of each row and each column is 60.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
 
 public class crowns implements Runnable {
    private static final int INF = (int) 1e9;
 
    public  void solve() throws IOException 
    {
  
      int n = readInt();
      
      int arr[][]= new int [n][n];
      int count=0;
      for(int i=0;i<n;i=i+2)
      {
       for(int j =0;j<n;j=j+4)
       {
         arr[i][j]=count;
         arr[i][j+1]=count+1;
         arr[i][j+2]=count+6;
         arr[i][j+3]=count+7;
         arr[i+1][j]=count+2;
         arr[i+1][j+1]=count+3;
         arr[i+1][j+2]=count+4;
         arr[i+1][j+3]=count+5;
        count=count+8;
       } 
      }
      for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
      {
       for(int j =0;j<n;j++)
       {
         out.print(arr[i][j]+" "); 
       } 
       out.println();
      }

         
        
    }
    
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(null, new crowns(), "", 128 * (1L << 20)).start();
    }
 
    private static final boolean ONLINE_JUDGE = System.getProperty("ONLINE_JUDGE") != null;
    private BufferedReader reader;
    private StringTokenizer tokenizer;
    private PrintWriter out;
 
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            if (ONLINE_JUDGE || !new File("input.txt").exists()) {
                reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
            } else {
                reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("input.txt"));
                out = new PrintWriter("output.txt");
            }
            solve();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            try {
                reader.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // nothing
            }
            out.close();
        }
    }
 
    private String readString() throws IOException {
        while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
            tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
        }
        return tokenizer.nextToken();
    }
 
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private int readInt() throws IOException {
        return Integer.parseInt(readString());
    }
 
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private long readLong() throws IOException {
        return Long.parseLong(readString());
    }
 
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private double readDouble() throws IOException {
        return Double.parseDouble(readString());
    }
}
class edge implements Comparable<edge>{
    int u ;
    int v ;
    int val;
    edge(int u1, int v1 , int val1)
    {
       this.u=u1;
       this.v=v1;
       this.val=val1;
    }
    public int compareTo(edge e)
    {
        return this.val-e.val;
    }
}