Problem: Stack is a container of elements that are inserted and deleted according to LIFO (Last In First Out).

For $n$ stack $S_i$ ($i = 0, 1, ..., n-1$), perform a sequence of the following operations.

* push($t$, $x$): Insert an integer $x$ to $S_t$.
* top($t$): Report the value which should be deleted next from $S_t$. If $S_t$ is empty, do nothing.
* pop($t$): Delete an element from $S_t$. If $S_t$ is empty, do nothing.



In the initial state, all stacks are empty.

Constraints

* $1 \leq n \leq 1,000$
* $1 \leq q \leq 200,000$
* $-1,000,000,000 \leq x \leq 1,000,000,000$

Input

The input is given in the following format.


$n \; q$
$query_1$
$query_2$
:
$query_q$


Each query $query_i$ is given by


0 $t$ $x$


or


1 $t$


or


2 $t$


where the first digits 0, 1 and 2 represent push, top and pop operations respectively.

Output

For each top operation, print an integer in a line.

Example

Input

3 9
0 0 1
0 0 2
0 0 3
0 2 4
0 2 5
1 0
1 2
2 0
1 0


Output

3
5
2

Solution (in CPP):

Solution:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
using namespace std;

typedef deque<int> DI;

int main(void){
  int n, qn;
  vector<DI> vs;
  
  cin >> n >> qn;
  vs = vector<DI>(n);
  for (int i=0; i<qn; i++){
    int q, t;
    cin >> q >> t;
    if (q==0){
      int x;
      cin >> x;
      vs[t].push_back(x);
    } else if (q==1){
      if (!vs[t].empty()) cout << vs[t].back() << endl;
    } else { // q==2
      if (!vs[t].empty()) vs[t].pop_back();
    }
  }
  
  return 0;
}