Problem: Cat Furrier Transform is a popular algorithm among cat programmers to create longcats. As one of the greatest cat programmers ever exist, Neko wants to utilize this algorithm to create the perfect longcat.

Assume that we have a cat with a number x. A perfect longcat is a cat with a number equal 2^m - 1 for some non-negative integer m. For example, the numbers 0, 1, 3, 7, 15 and so on are suitable for the perfect longcats.

In the Cat Furrier Transform, the following operations can be performed on x:

  * (Operation A): you select any non-negative integer n and replace x with x ⊕ (2^n - 1), with ⊕ being a [bitwise XOR operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR).
  * (Operation B): replace x with x + 1. 



The first applied operation must be of type A, the second of type B, the third of type A again, and so on. Formally, if we number operations from one in the order they are executed, then odd-numbered operations must be of type A and the even-numbered operations must be of type B.

Neko wants to produce perfect longcats at industrial scale, thus for each cat Neko only wants to perform at most 40 operations. Can you help Neko writing a transformation plan?

Note that it is not required to minimize the number of operations. You just need to use no more than 40 operations.

Input

The only line contains a single integer x (1 ≤ x ≤ 10^6).

Output

The first line should contain a single integer t (0 ≤ t ≤ 40) — the number of operations to apply.

Then for each odd-numbered operation print the corresponding number n_i in it. That is, print ⌈ t/2 ⌉ integers n_i (0 ≤ n_i ≤ 30), denoting the replacement x with x ⊕ (2^{n_i} - 1) in the corresponding step.

If there are multiple possible answers, you can print any of them. It is possible to show, that there is at least one answer in the constraints of this problem.

Examples

Input


39


Output


4
5 3 

Input


1


Output


0


Input


7


Output


0

Note

In the first test, one of the transforms might be as follows: 39 → 56 → 57 → 62 → 63. Or more precisely:

  1. Pick n = 5. x is transformed into 39 ⊕ 31, or 56. 
  2. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 57. 
  3. Pick n = 3. x is transformed into 57 ⊕ 7, or 62. 
  4. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 63 = 2^6 - 1. 



In the second and third test, the number already satisfies the goal requirement.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.util.*;
 
import javax.lang.model.util.ElementScanner6;
 
import java.io.*;
 
public class Main{
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 
        InputStream inputStream = System.in;
        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
        InputReader inp = new InputReader(inputStream);
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
        Solver solver = new Solver();
        solver.solve(inp, out);
        out.close();
        
        }
 
        
 
 
 
    static class Solver {
        
        class Node implements Comparable<Node>{
            int i;
            int cnt;
        
            Node(int i,int cnt)
            {
                this.i=i;
                this.cnt=cnt;
            }
 
        public int compareTo(Node n)
            {
                if(this.cnt==n.cnt)
                {
                    return Integer.compare(this.i, n.i);
                }
                return Integer.compare(this.cnt, n.cnt);
            }
        }
 
        public boolean done(int[] sp,int[] par)
        {
            int root;
 
            root=findSet(sp[0],par);
            
        for(int i=1;i<sp.length;i++)
        {
                if(root!=findSet(sp[i], par))
                    return false;
        }
        return true;
        }
    public int findSet(int i,int[] par)
    {
        int x =i;
            boolean flag =false;
            while(par[i]>=0)
            {
                flag = true;
                i=par[i];
            }
            if(flag)
                par[x]=i;
            return i;
    }
 
    public void unionSet(int i,int j,int[] par)
    {
            int x = findSet(i, par);
            int y = findSet(j, par);
            if(x<y)
            {
                par[y]=x;
            }
            else
            {
                par[x]=y;
            }
    }
 
    public  long pow(long a, long b, long MOD) {
            if (b == 0) {
                return 1;
            }
            if (b == 1) {
                return a;
            }
            long val = pow(a, b / 2, MOD);
            if (b % 2 == 0) {
                return val * val % MOD;
            } else {
                return val * (val * a % MOD) % MOD;
 
            }
        
        }
 
 
        public void minPrimeFactor(int n,int[] s)
        {
            boolean prime[] = new boolean[n+1];
            Arrays.fill(prime, true);
            s[1]=1;
            s[2]=2;
            for(int i=4;i<=n;i+=2)
            {
                prime[i]=false;
                s[i]=2;
            }
 
            for(int i=3;i<=n;i+=2)
            {
                if(prime[i])
                {
                    s[i]=i;
                    for(int j=2*i;j<=n;j+=i)
                    {
                        prime[j]=false;
                        s[j]=i;
                    }
                }
            }
            
        }
 
        
        public void findAllPrime(int n,ArrayList<Node> al,int s[])
        {
            int curr = s[n];
            int cnt = 1;
            while(n>1)
            {
                n/=s[n];
                if(curr==s[n])
                {
                    cnt++;
                    continue;
 
                }
                Node n1 = new Node(curr,cnt);
                al.add(n1);
 
                curr=s[n];
                cnt=1;
            }
        }
 
        
 
        public int binarySearch(int n,int k)
        {
            int left=1;
            int right=100000000+5;
            int ans=0;
            while(left<=right)
            {
                int mid = (left+right)/2;
                if(n/mid>=k)
                {
                    left = mid+1;
                    ans=mid;
                }
                else
                {
                    right=mid-1;
                }
            }
 
            return ans;
        }
        public boolean checkPallindrom(String s)
        {
            char ch[] = s.toCharArray();
 
            for(int i=0;i<s.length()/2;i++)
            {
                if(ch[i]!=ch[s.length()-1-i])
                    return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
 
 
        public void dfs_util(ArrayList<Integer>[] al,boolean vis[],int x,int cnt[],int sts[],int fts[],long sv[])
        {
                
            vis[x] = true;
            long min=Long.MAX_VALUE;
                sts[cnt[0]]=x+1;
                for(int i=0;i<al[x].size();i++)
                {
                    
                    if(!vis[al[x].get(i)])
                    {
                        cnt[0]++;
                        dfs_util(al, vis, al[x].get(i),cnt,sts,fts,sv);
                        if(sv[al[x].get(i)]<min&&sv[al[x].get(i)]!=-1)
                        {
                            min=sv[al[x].get(i)];
                        }
                        
                        
                    }    
                    
                }
 
            
                if(sv[x]==-1)
                {
                    if(min==Long.MAX_VALUE)
                    {
                        min=-1;
                    }
                    sv[x]=min;
                }
            
            
            return ;
        }
 
        public void dfs(ArrayList[] al,int sts[],int fts[],long sv[])
        {
            
        boolean vis[] = new boolean[al.length];
        int cnt[]= new int[2*al.length+2];
        for(int i=0;i<al.length;i++)
        {
                if(!vis[i])
                {
                    
                    dfs_util(al,vis,i,cnt,sts,fts,sv);
                }
        }
        }
 
        public void remove(ArrayList<Integer>[] al,int x)
        {
            for(int i=0;i<al.length;i++)
            {
                for(int j=0;j<al[i].size();j++)
                {
 
                    if(al[i].get(j)==x)
                        al[i].remove(j);
 
                }
            }
        }
 
        public int gcd(int a, int b) 
        { 
            if (a == 0) 
                return b; 
            return gcd(b % a, a); 
        }
 
 
        public void printDivisors(int n,ArrayList<Integer> al) 
        { 
            // Note that this loop runs till square root 
            for (int i=1; i<=Math.sqrt(n); i++) 
            { 
                if (n%i==0) 
                { 
                    // If divisors are equal, print only one 
                    if (n/i == i) 
                    {
                        al.add(i);
                    }
                      
        
                    else // Otherwise print both 
                    {
                        al.add(i);
                        al.add(n/i);
                    }
                        
                } 
            } 
        } 
 
        public static long constructSegment(long seg[],long arr[], int low,int high,int pos)
        {
            if(low==high)
            {
                seg[pos] = arr[low]; 
                return seg[pos];
            }
            int mid = (low+high)/2;
            long t1=constructSegment(seg, arr,low , mid,(2*pos)+1);
            long t2=constructSegment(seg,arr,mid+1,high,(2*pos)+2);
            seg[pos] = t1+t2;
            return seg[pos];
 
        }
        public static long querySegment(long seg[],int low,int high,int qlow, int qhigh,int pos)
        {
            
             if(qlow<=low&&qhigh>=high)
             {
                return seg[pos];
             }
             else if(qlow>high||qhigh<low )
             {
                 return 0;
             }
             else{
                long ans=0;
                int mid=(low+high)/2;
                ans+=querySegment(seg,low , mid, qlow, qhigh,  (2*pos)+1);
                ans+=querySegment(seg, mid+1, high, qlow, qhigh, (2*pos)+2);
               return ans; 
             }
 
        }
        public static int lcs( char[] X, char[] Y, int m, int n ) 
        { 
            if (m == 0 || n == 0) 
            return 0; 
            if (X[m-1] == Y[n-1]) 
            return 1 + lcs(X, Y, m-1, n-1); 
            else
            return Integer.max(lcs(X, Y, m, n-1), lcs(X, Y, m-1, n)); 
        } 
 
        public static long recursion(long start,long end,long cnt[],int a, int b)
        {
 
            long min=0;
            long count=0;
            int ans1=-1;
            int ans2=-1;
            int l=0;
            int r=cnt.length-1;
            while(l<=r)
            {
                int mid=(l+r)/2;
                if(cnt[mid]>=start)
                {
                    ans1=mid;
                    r=mid-1;
                }
                else
                {
                    l=mid+1;
                }
            }
 
            l=0;
            r=cnt.length-1;
            while(l<=r)
            {
                int mid=(l+r)/2;
                if(cnt[mid]<=end)
                {
                    ans2=mid;
                    l=mid+1;
                }
                else
                {
                    r=mid-1;
                }
            }
            
            if(ans1==-1||ans2==-1||ans2<ans1)
            {
                // System.out.println("min1 "+min);
                min=a;
                return a;
 
            }
            else
            {
                min=b*(end-start+1)*(ans2-ans1+1);
            }
            if(start==end)
            {
                // System.out.println("min "+min);
                return min;
            }
            long mid = (end+start)/2;
            min = Long.min(min,recursion(start, mid, cnt, a, b)+recursion(mid+1, end, cnt, a, b));
            // System.out.println("min "+min);
            return min;
        }
 
        public void dfs(int x, ArrayList<Integer> al[], boolean[] vis)
        {
            vis[x]=true;
            System.out.print((x+1)+" ");
            for(int i=0;i<al[x].size();i++)
            {
                if(!vis[al[x].get(i)])
                {
                    dfs(al[x].get(i),al,vis);
                }
            }
        }
 
 
        
      
 
        private void solve(InputReader inp, PrintWriter out1) {
 
          int x = inp.nextInt();
          int cnt=0;
          ArrayList<Integer> ans = new ArrayList<Integer>();
          char ch[] = Integer.toBinaryString(x).toCharArray();



         


          for(int i=0;i<ch.length;i++)
          {
            if(ch[i]=='1')
                continue;
            else
            {
                int t = (int)Math.pow(2,ch.length-i)-1;
                ans.add(ch.length-i);
                cnt++;
                x^=t;
                ch=Integer.toBinaryString(x).toCharArray();
                boolean f =false;
                for(int j=0;j<ch.length;j++)
                {
                    if(ch[j]=='0')
                    {
                        f=true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                // out1.println(Arrays.toString(ch));
                // out1.println(x+" "+f+" "+i);
                if(!f)
                {
                    break;
                }
                else
                {
                    x++;
                    ch=Integer.toBinaryString(x).toCharArray();
                    cnt++;
                }


            }
          }

          out1.println(cnt);
          for(int i=0;i<ans.size();i++)
          {
              out1.print(ans.get(i)+" ");
          }
        }
}
 
 
 
 
 
    static class InputReader {
        BufferedReader reader;
        StringTokenizer tokenizer;
 
        InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream), 32768);
            tokenizer = null;
        }
 
        String next() {
            while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }
 
        public int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }
 
        public long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }
    }
}
class ele implements Comparable<ele>{
    int value;
    int i;
    boolean flag;
    public ele(int value,int i)
    {
        this.value = value;
        this.i=i;
        this.flag = false;
    }
    public int compareTo(ele e)
    {
        return Integer.compare(this.value,e.value);
    }
}