Problem: Cat Furrier Transform is a popular algorithm among cat programmers to create longcats. As one of the greatest cat programmers ever exist, Neko wants to utilize this algorithm to create the perfect longcat.

Assume that we have a cat with a number x. A perfect longcat is a cat with a number equal 2^m - 1 for some non-negative integer m. For example, the numbers 0, 1, 3, 7, 15 and so on are suitable for the perfect longcats.

In the Cat Furrier Transform, the following operations can be performed on x:

  * (Operation A): you select any non-negative integer n and replace x with x ⊕ (2^n - 1), with ⊕ being a [bitwise XOR operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR).
  * (Operation B): replace x with x + 1. 



The first applied operation must be of type A, the second of type B, the third of type A again, and so on. Formally, if we number operations from one in the order they are executed, then odd-numbered operations must be of type A and the even-numbered operations must be of type B.

Neko wants to produce perfect longcats at industrial scale, thus for each cat Neko only wants to perform at most 40 operations. Can you help Neko writing a transformation plan?

Note that it is not required to minimize the number of operations. You just need to use no more than 40 operations.

Input

The only line contains a single integer x (1 ≤ x ≤ 10^6).

Output

The first line should contain a single integer t (0 ≤ t ≤ 40) — the number of operations to apply.

Then for each odd-numbered operation print the corresponding number n_i in it. That is, print ⌈ t/2 ⌉ integers n_i (0 ≤ n_i ≤ 30), denoting the replacement x with x ⊕ (2^{n_i} - 1) in the corresponding step.

If there are multiple possible answers, you can print any of them. It is possible to show, that there is at least one answer in the constraints of this problem.

Examples

Input


39


Output


4
5 3 

Input


1


Output


0


Input


7


Output


0

Note

In the first test, one of the transforms might be as follows: 39 → 56 → 57 → 62 → 63. Or more precisely:

  1. Pick n = 5. x is transformed into 39 ⊕ 31, or 56. 
  2. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 57. 
  3. Pick n = 3. x is transformed into 57 ⊕ 7, or 62. 
  4. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 63 = 2^6 - 1. 



In the second and third test, the number already satisfies the goal requirement.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;


public class Main {

    // static final File ip = new File("input.txt");
    // static final File op = new File("output.txt");
    // static {
    // try {
    // System.setOut(new PrintStream(op));
    // System.setIn(new FileInputStream(ip));
    // } catch (Exception e) {
    // }
    // }
    static long MOD = (long) 1e9 + 7;
     
    static boolean isCompletion(int z) {
        int bitval = 0;
        z += 1; while (z % 2 == 0) {z /= 2; bitval++;}
        return (z == 1);
    }
    static int MSB(int z) {
        for (int i=20; i>=0; i--) {
            if (((z >> i) & 1)!=0) return i;
        }
        return -1;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      FastReader sc = new FastReader();   
      int x = sc.nextInt();
      int i = 0;
      ArrayList<Integer> as = new ArrayList<>();
      while (!isCompletion(x)) {
		i = i + 1;
		if (i % 2 == 0) {x++; continue;}
		int r = MSB(x);
		if ((1 << r) != x) r++;
		x = (x ^ ((1 << r) - 1)); as.add(r);
	}
	  System.out.println(i);
    //   System.out.println(cnt);
      for(int ii : as)
      System.out.print(ii+" ");
}

    static long power(long x, long y, long p) {
        long res = 1;
        x = x % p;
        if (x == 0)
            return 0;
        while (y > 0) {
            if ((y & 1) != 0)
                res = (res * x) % p;
            y = y >> 1;
            x = (x * x) % p;
        }
        return res;
    }

    public static int countSetBits(long number) {
        int count = 0;
        while (number > 0) {
            ++count;
            number &= number - 1;
        }
        return count;
    }

    private static <T> void swap(T[] array, int i, int j) {
        if (i != j) {
            T tmp = array[i];
            array[i] = array[j];
            array[j] = tmp;
        }
    }

    private static long getSum(int[] array) {
        long sum = 0;
        for (int value : array) {
            sum += value;
        }
        return sum;
    }

    private static boolean isPrime(Long x) {
        if (x < 2)
            return false;
        for (long d = 2; d * d <= x; ++d) {
            if (x % d == 0)
                return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    private static boolean isPrimeInt(int x) {
        if (x < 2)
            return false;
        for (int d = 2; d * d <= x; ++d) {
            if (x % d == 0)
                return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    private static int[] getPrimes(int n) {
        boolean[] used = new boolean[n + 1];
        used[0] = used[1] = true;
        int size = 0;
        for (int i = 2; i <= n; ++i) {
            if (!used[i]) {
                ++size;
                for (int j = 2 * i; j <= n; j += i) {
                    used[j] = true;
                }
            }
        }
        int[] primes = new int[size];
        for (int i = 0, cur = 0; i <= n; ++i) {
            if (!used[i]) {
                primes[cur++] = i;
            }
        }
        return primes;
    }

    private static long lcm(long a, long b) {
        return a / gcd(a, b) * b;
    }

    private static long gcd(long a, long b) {
        return (a == 0 ? b : gcd(b % a, a));
    }

    static void shuffleArray(int[] arr) {
        int n = arr.length;
        Random rnd = new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            int tmp = arr[i];
            int randomPos = i + rnd.nextInt(n - i);
            arr[i] = arr[randomPos];
            arr[randomPos] = tmp;
        }
    }

    static void shuffleList(ArrayList<Long> arr) {
        int n = arr.size();
        Random rnd = new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            long tmp = arr.get(i);
            int randomPos = i + rnd.nextInt(n - i);
            arr.set(i, arr.get(randomPos));
            arr.set(randomPos, tmp);
        }
    }

    static void factorize(long n) {
        int count = 0;
        while (!(n % 2 > 0)) {
            n >>= 1;

            count++;
        }
        if (count > 0) {
            // System.out.println("2" + " " + count);
        }
        for (long i = 3; i <= (long) Math.sqrt(n); i += 2) {
            count = 0;
            while (n % i == 0) {
                count++;
                n = n / i;
            }
            if (count > 0) {
                // System.out.println(i + " " + count);
            }
        }

        if (n > 2) {
            // System.out.println(i + " " + count);
        }
    }

    static void shuffleArrayL(long[] arr) {
        int n = arr.length;
        Random rnd = new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            long tmp = arr[i];
            int randomPos = i + rnd.nextInt(n - i);
            arr[i] = arr[randomPos];
            arr[randomPos] = tmp;
        }
    }

    static class FastReader {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public FastReader() {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }

        public boolean hasNext() {
            return false;
        }

        String next() {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
                try {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        String nextLine() {
            String str = "";
            try {
                str = br.readLine();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }
    }
}