Problem: Cat Furrier Transform is a popular algorithm among cat programmers to create longcats. As one of the greatest cat programmers ever exist, Neko wants to utilize this algorithm to create the perfect longcat.

Assume that we have a cat with a number x. A perfect longcat is a cat with a number equal 2^m - 1 for some non-negative integer m. For example, the numbers 0, 1, 3, 7, 15 and so on are suitable for the perfect longcats.

In the Cat Furrier Transform, the following operations can be performed on x:

  * (Operation A): you select any non-negative integer n and replace x with x ⊕ (2^n - 1), with ⊕ being a [bitwise XOR operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR).
  * (Operation B): replace x with x + 1. 



The first applied operation must be of type A, the second of type B, the third of type A again, and so on. Formally, if we number operations from one in the order they are executed, then odd-numbered operations must be of type A and the even-numbered operations must be of type B.

Neko wants to produce perfect longcats at industrial scale, thus for each cat Neko only wants to perform at most 40 operations. Can you help Neko writing a transformation plan?

Note that it is not required to minimize the number of operations. You just need to use no more than 40 operations.

Input

The only line contains a single integer x (1 ≤ x ≤ 10^6).

Output

The first line should contain a single integer t (0 ≤ t ≤ 40) — the number of operations to apply.

Then for each odd-numbered operation print the corresponding number n_i in it. That is, print ⌈ t/2 ⌉ integers n_i (0 ≤ n_i ≤ 30), denoting the replacement x with x ⊕ (2^{n_i} - 1) in the corresponding step.

If there are multiple possible answers, you can print any of them. It is possible to show, that there is at least one answer in the constraints of this problem.

Examples

Input


39


Output


4
5 3 

Input


1


Output


0


Input


7


Output


0

Note

In the first test, one of the transforms might be as follows: 39 → 56 → 57 → 62 → 63. Or more precisely:

  1. Pick n = 5. x is transformed into 39 ⊕ 31, or 56. 
  2. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 57. 
  3. Pick n = 3. x is transformed into 57 ⊕ 7, or 62. 
  4. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 63 = 2^6 - 1. 



In the second and third test, the number already satisfies the goal requirement.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Stack;

public class Main
{
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public static void main(String args[])throws IOException
    {
        Reader ob=new Reader();
        Writer out=new Writer(System.out);
        int n=ob.nI(),t=0;
        String s=Integer.toBinaryString(n);
        int l=s.length();
        int a[]=new int[l];
        for(int i=0;i<l;i++)
        a[i]=s.charAt(i)-'0';
        for(int i=0;i<l;i++)
        {
            if(a[i]==0)
            {
                out.p(l-i," ");
                t++;
                int one=0;
                for(int j=i;j<l;j++)
                {
                    one+=a[j];
                a[j]=a[j]^1;
            }
            if(one!=0)
            {
                t++;
              for(int j=l-1;j>=0;j--)
              if(a[j]==0)
              {
                  a[j]=1;
                  break;
                }
                else
                a[j]=0;
                
                
            }
            else
            break;
                
            }
        }
        System.out.println(t);
    out.flush();
}

static long inverse(long x, long p)
    {
        return pow(x, p - 2, p);
    }
static boolean isPrime(long n)
{
    long h=(long)Math.sqrt(n);
    for(long i=2;i<=h;i++)
    if(n%i==0)
    return false;
    return true&&n!=1;
}
    static long gcd(long a,long b)
    {
        if(a<b)
        return gcd(b,a);
        else if(b==0)
        return a;
        else
        return gcd(b,a%b);
    }
    static long pow(long a,long b,long mod){
		if(b == 0)	return 1;
		long t = pow(a,b>>1,mod);
		t = (t * t) % mod;
		if((b & 1) == 1)	t = (t * a);
		if(t >= mod)	t %= mod;
		return t;
}
    static long pow(long a,long b){
		if(b == 0)	return 1;
		long t = pow(a,b>>1);
		t = (t * t);
		if((b & 1) == 1)	t = (t * a);
		return t;
}
    static void seive(int n,int prime[])//1 for prime -1 for not prime
    {
        for(int i=2;i<=n;i++)
            if(prime[i]==0)
            {
                prime[i]=1;
                for(int j=2;j*i<=n;j++)
                prime[j*i]=-1;
            }
    }
    static int max(int ...a)
    {
        int m=a[0];
        for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)
        m=Math.max(m,a[i]);
        return m;
        
    }
    static long max(long ...a)
    {
        long m=a[0];
        for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)
        m=Math.max(m,a[i]);
        return m;
    }
    static int min(int ...a)
    {
        int m=a[0];
        for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)
        m=Math.min(m,a[i]);
        return m;
    }
    static long min(long ...a)
    {
        long m=a[0];
        for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)
        m=Math.min(m,a[i]);
        return m;
    }
    static class Pair<T1,T2>
    {
        T1 x;T2 y;
        Pair(T1 xx,T2 yy)
        {
            x=xx;
            y=yy;
        }
    }
    
	static class Writer {
		private final PrintWriter p;
		Writer(OutputStream o) {
			p = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(o)));
		}
		void p(Object... o1) {
			for (Object o11 : o1) {
				p.print(o11 + "" );
			}
		}
		void p(String s) {
			p.print(s);
		}
		void pln(Object... o1) {
			p(o1);
			p.println();
		}
		void flush() {
			p.flush();
		}
		void close() {
			p.close();
		}
	}
    static class Reader {
		private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		private int curChar;
		private int snumChars;
		int flag=0;
		FileReader file;
		Reader()
		{
		  }
		  Reader(String x)throws IOException
		  {
		      flag=1;
		      file=new FileReader(x);
		  }
		public int read() {
			if (snumChars == -1)
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			if (curChar >= snumChars) {
				curChar = 0;
				try {
					snumChars = System.in.read(buf);
				
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
				if (snumChars <= 0)
					return -1;
			}
			return buf[curChar++];
		}
		public String nl() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isEndOfLine(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
		public String n() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
		public long nL() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			int sgn = 1;
			if (c == '-') {
				sgn = -1;
				c = read();
			}
			long res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res *= 10;
				res += c - '0';
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res * sgn;
		}
		public int nI() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			int sgn = 1;
			if (c == '-') {
				sgn = -1;
				c = read();
			}
			int res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res *= 10;
				res += c - '0';
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res * sgn;
		}
		public int[] NIA(int n) //nextINtArray
		{
			int[] arr = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				arr[i] = nI();
			}
			return arr;
		}
		public int[] NIA1(int n) //nextINtArray
		{
			int[] arr = new int[n+1];
			for (int i = 1; i <=n; i++) {
				arr[i] = nI();
			}
			return arr;
		}
		
		public long[] NLA(int n) //nextLongArray
		{
			long[] arr = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				arr[i] = nL();
			}
			return arr;
}
		public long[] NLA1(int n) //nextLongArray
		{
			long[] arr = new long[n+1];
			for (int i = 1; i <=n; i++) {
				arr[i] = nL();
			}
			return arr;
}
		private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
		}
		private boolean isEndOfLine(int c) {
			return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
		}
	}
static class DisJoint
{
    int a[],size[];
    DisJoint(int n)
    {
        a=new int[n+1];
        size=new int[n+1];
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        a[i]=i;
        size[i]=1;
    }
    }
    int find(int n)
    {
        while(a[n]==n)
        {
            a[n]=a[a[n]];
        n=a[n];
    }
        return n;
    }
    void union(int a1,int b)
    {
        int x=find(a1);
        int y=find(b);
        if(size[x]>size[y])
    {
        a[y]=x;
        size[x]+=size[y];
    }
    else
    {
       a[x]=y;
       size[y]+=size[x];
    }
        //System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a));
    }
}
class Segment
{
    int sum[];
    void build(int a[],int v,int l,int r)
    {
        if(l==r)
        sum[v]=a[l];
        else
        {
            int m=(l+r)/2;
            build(a,v*2,l,m);
            build(a,2*v+1,m+1,r);
            sum[v]=sum[v*2]+sum[2*v+1];
        }
    }
    void update(int a[],int l,int r,int x,int v,int y)
    {
        if(l==r&&r==y)
            sum[v]+=x;
        else if(l>y||y>r)
        return;
        else
        {
            int m=(l+r)/2;
            update(a,l,m,x,2*v,y);
            update(a,m+1,r,x,2*v+1,y);
            sum[v]=sum[2*v]+sum[2*v+1];
        }
    }
    int query(int v,int l,int r,int x,int y)
    {
        if(x>r||y<l)
        return 0;
        else if(x<=l&&r<=y)
        return sum[v];
        else
        {
            int m=(l+r)/2;
        return query(2*v,l,m,x,y)+query(2*v+1,m+1,r,x,y);  
    }
}
}

static class Trie
  {
      Trie child[]=new Trie[26];
      int count=0;
    }
   /* void insert(String a)
    {
        Trie tmp=root;
        for(int i=0;i<a.length();i++)
        {
            int v=a.charAt(i)-'a';
            if(tmp.child[v]==null)
            {
                tmp.child[v]=new Trie();
                
            }
                tmp=tmp.child[v];
            }
            if(tmp.count==0)
            r++;
            tmp.count=1;
        }*/
    }