Problem: Cat Furrier Transform is a popular algorithm among cat programmers to create longcats. As one of the greatest cat programmers ever exist, Neko wants to utilize this algorithm to create the perfect longcat.

Assume that we have a cat with a number x. A perfect longcat is a cat with a number equal 2^m - 1 for some non-negative integer m. For example, the numbers 0, 1, 3, 7, 15 and so on are suitable for the perfect longcats.

In the Cat Furrier Transform, the following operations can be performed on x:

  * (Operation A): you select any non-negative integer n and replace x with x ⊕ (2^n - 1), with ⊕ being a [bitwise XOR operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR).
  * (Operation B): replace x with x + 1. 



The first applied operation must be of type A, the second of type B, the third of type A again, and so on. Formally, if we number operations from one in the order they are executed, then odd-numbered operations must be of type A and the even-numbered operations must be of type B.

Neko wants to produce perfect longcats at industrial scale, thus for each cat Neko only wants to perform at most 40 operations. Can you help Neko writing a transformation plan?

Note that it is not required to minimize the number of operations. You just need to use no more than 40 operations.

Input

The only line contains a single integer x (1 ≤ x ≤ 10^6).

Output

The first line should contain a single integer t (0 ≤ t ≤ 40) — the number of operations to apply.

Then for each odd-numbered operation print the corresponding number n_i in it. That is, print ⌈ t/2 ⌉ integers n_i (0 ≤ n_i ≤ 30), denoting the replacement x with x ⊕ (2^{n_i} - 1) in the corresponding step.

If there are multiple possible answers, you can print any of them. It is possible to show, that there is at least one answer in the constraints of this problem.

Examples

Input


39


Output


4
5 3 

Input


1


Output


0


Input


7


Output


0

Note

In the first test, one of the transforms might be as follows: 39 → 56 → 57 → 62 → 63. Or more precisely:

  1. Pick n = 5. x is transformed into 39 ⊕ 31, or 56. 
  2. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 57. 
  3. Pick n = 3. x is transformed into 57 ⊕ 7, or 62. 
  4. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 63 = 2^6 - 1. 



In the second and third test, the number already satisfies the goal requirement.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:


import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.*;

public class CFCR1152 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        boolean local = System.getProperty("ONLINE_JUDGE") == null;
        boolean async = false;

        Charset charset = Charset.forName("ascii");

        FastIO io = local ? new FastIO(new FileInputStream("D:\\DATABASE\\TESTCASE\\Code.in"), System.out, charset) : new FastIO(System.in, System.out, charset);
        Task task = new Task(io, new Debug(local));

        if (async) {
            Thread t = new Thread(null, task, "dalt", 1 << 27);
            t.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
            t.start();
            t.join();
        } else {
            task.run();
        }

        if (local) {
            io.cache.append("\n\n--memory -- \n" + ((Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() - Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory()) >> 20) + "M");
        }

        io.flush();
    }

    public static class Task implements Runnable {
        final FastIO io;
        final Debug debug;
        int inf = (int) 1e8;

        public Task(FastIO io, Debug debug) {
            this.io = io;
            this.debug = debug;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            solve();
        }

        public void solve() {
            int x = io.readInt();
            List<Integer> selected = new ArrayList();
            int time = 0;
            while (!isPow2(x + 1)) {
                time++;
                int n = Mathematics.floorPowerOf2(x) + 1;
                selected.add(n);
                x = x ^ ((1 << n) - 1);
                if (isPow2(x + 1)) {
                    break;
                }
                time++;
                x += 1;
            }
            io.cache.append(time).append('\n');
            for (Integer i : selected) {
                io.cache.append(i).append(' ');
            }
        }

        public boolean isPow2(int x) {
            return (x & -x) == x;
        }
    }

    public static class Mathematics {

        public static int ceilPowerOf2(int x) {
            return 32 - Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(x - 1);
        }

        public static int floorPowerOf2(int x) {
            return 31 - Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(x);
        }

        public static long modmul(long a, long b, long mod) {
            return b == 0 ? 0 : ((modmul(a, b >> 1, mod) << 1) % mod + a * (b & 1)) % mod;
        }

        /**
         * Get the greatest common divisor of a and b
         */
        public static int gcd(int a, int b) {
            return a >= b ? gcd0(a, b) : gcd0(b, a);
        }

        private static int gcd0(int a, int b) {
            return b == 0 ? a : gcd0(b, a % b);
        }

        public static int extgcd(int a, int b, int[] coe) {
            if (a >= b) {
                return extgcd0(a, b, coe);
            } else {
                int g = extgcd0(b, a, coe);
                int tmp = coe[0];
                coe[0] = coe[1];
                coe[1] = tmp;
                return g;
            }
        }

        private static int extgcd0(int a, int b, int[] coe) {
            if (b == 0) {
                coe[0] = 1;
                coe[1] = 0;
                return a;
            }
            int g = extgcd0(b, a % b, coe);
            int n = coe[0];
            int m = coe[1];
            coe[0] = m;
            coe[1] = n - m * (a / b);
            return g;
        }

        /**
         * Get the greatest common divisor of a and b
         */
        public static long gcd(long a, long b) {
            return a >= b ? gcd0(a, b) : gcd0(b, a);
        }

        private static long gcd0(long a, long b) {
            return b == 0 ? a : gcd0(b, a % b);
        }

        public static long extgcd(long a, long b, long[] coe) {
            if (a >= b) {
                return extgcd0(a, b, coe);
            } else {
                long g = extgcd0(b, a, coe);
                long tmp = coe[0];
                coe[0] = coe[1];
                coe[1] = tmp;
                return g;
            }
        }

        private static long extgcd0(long a, long b, long[] coe) {
            if (b == 0) {
                coe[0] = 1;
                coe[1] = 0;
                return a;
            }
            long g = extgcd0(b, a % b, coe);
            long n = coe[0];
            long m = coe[1];
            coe[0] = m;
            coe[1] = n - m * (a / b);
            return g;
        }

        /**
         * Get y where x * y = 1 (% mod)
         */
        public static int inverse(int x, int mod) {
            return pow(x, mod - 2, mod);
        }

        /**
         * Get x^n(% mod)
         */
        public static int pow(int x, int n, int mod) {
            n = mod(n, mod - 1);
            x = mod(x, mod);
            int bit = 31 - Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(n);
            long product = 1;
            for (; bit >= 0; bit--) {
                product = product * product % mod;
                if (((1 << bit) & n) != 0) {
                    product = product * x % mod;
                }
            }
            return (int) product;
        }

        public static long longpow(long x, long n, long mod) {
            if (n == 0) {
                return 1;
            }
            long prod = longpow(x, n >> 1, mod);
            prod = modmul(prod, prod, mod);
            if ((n & 1) == 1) {
                prod = modmul(prod, x, mod);
            }
            return prod;
        }

        /**
         * Get x % mod
         */
        public static int mod(int x, int mod) {
            return x >= 0 ? x % mod : (((x % mod) + mod) % mod);
        }

        /**
         * Get n!/(n-m)!
         */
        public static long permute(int n, int m) {
            return m == 0 ? 1 : n * permute(n - 1, m - 1);
        }

        /**
         * Put all primes less or equal to limit into primes after offset
         */
        public static int eulerSieve(int limit, int[] primes, int offset) {
            boolean[] isComp = new boolean[limit + 1];
            int wpos = offset;
            for (int i = 2; i <= limit; i++) {
                if (!isComp[i]) {
                    primes[wpos++] = i;
                }
                for (int j = offset, until = limit / i; j < wpos && primes[j] <= until; j++) {
                    int pi = primes[j] * i;
                    isComp[pi] = true;
                    if (i % primes[j] == 0) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            return wpos - offset;
        }

        /**
         * Round x into integer
         */
        public static int intRound(double x) {
            if (x < 0) {
                return -(int) (-x + 0.5);
            }
            return (int) (x + 0.5);
        }

        /**
         * Round x into long
         */
        public static long longRound(double x) {
            if (x < 0) {
                return -(long) (-x + 0.5);
            }
            return (long) (x + 0.5);
        }
    }

    public static class FastIO {
        public final StringBuilder cache = new StringBuilder();
        private final InputStream is;
        private final OutputStream os;
        private final Charset charset;
        private StringBuilder defaultStringBuf = new StringBuilder(1 << 8);
        private byte[] buf = new byte[1 << 13];
        private int bufLen;
        private int bufOffset;
        private int next;

        public FastIO(InputStream is, OutputStream os, Charset charset) {
            this.is = is;
            this.os = os;
            this.charset = charset;
        }

        public FastIO(InputStream is, OutputStream os) {
            this(is, os, Charset.forName("ascii"));
        }

        private int read() {
            while (bufLen == bufOffset) {
                bufOffset = 0;
                try {
                    bufLen = is.read(buf);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
                if (bufLen == -1) {
                    return -1;
                }
            }
            return buf[bufOffset++];
        }

        public void skipBlank() {
            while (next >= 0 && next <= 32) {
                next = read();
            }
        }

        public int readInt() {
            int sign = 1;

            skipBlank();
            if (next == '+' || next == '-') {
                sign = next == '+' ? 1 : -1;
                next = read();
            }

            int val = 0;
            if (sign == 1) {
                while (next >= '0' && next <= '9') {
                    val = val * 10 + next - '0';
                    next = read();
                }
            } else {
                while (next >= '0' && next <= '9') {
                    val = val * 10 - next + '0';
                    next = read();
                }
            }

            return val;
        }

        public long readLong() {
            int sign = 1;

            skipBlank();
            if (next == '+' || next == '-') {
                sign = next == '+' ? 1 : -1;
                next = read();
            }

            long val = 0;
            if (sign == 1) {
                while (next >= '0' && next <= '9') {
                    val = val * 10 + next - '0';
                    next = read();
                }
            } else {
                while (next >= '0' && next <= '9') {
                    val = val * 10 - next + '0';
                    next = read();
                }
            }

            return val;
        }

        public double readDouble() {
            boolean sign = true;
            skipBlank();
            if (next == '+' || next == '-') {
                sign = next == '+';
                next = read();
            }

            long val = 0;
            while (next >= '0' && next <= '9') {
                val = val * 10 + next - '0';
                next = read();
            }
            if (next != '.') {
                return sign ? val : -val;
            }
            next = read();
            long radix = 1;
            long point = 0;
            while (next >= '0' && next <= '9') {
                point = point * 10 + next - '0';
                radix = radix * 10;
                next = read();
            }
            double result = val + (double) point / radix;
            return sign ? result : -result;
        }

        public String readString(StringBuilder builder) {
            skipBlank();

            while (next > 32) {
                builder.append((char) next);
                next = read();
            }

            return builder.toString();
        }

        public String readString() {
            defaultStringBuf.setLength(0);
            return readString(defaultStringBuf);
        }

        public int readLine(char[] data, int offset) {
            int originalOffset = offset;
            while (next != -1 && next != '\n') {
                data[offset++] = (char) next;
                next = read();
            }
            return offset - originalOffset;
        }

        public int readString(char[] data, int offset) {
            skipBlank();

            int originalOffset = offset;
            while (next > 32) {
                data[offset++] = (char) next;
                next = read();
            }

            return offset - originalOffset;
        }

        public int readString(byte[] data, int offset) {
            skipBlank();

            int originalOffset = offset;
            while (next > 32) {
                data[offset++] = (byte) next;
                next = read();
            }

            return offset - originalOffset;
        }

        public char readChar() {
            skipBlank();
            char c = (char) next;
            next = read();
            return c;
        }

        public void flush() {
            try {
                os.write(cache.toString().getBytes(charset));
                os.flush();
                cache.setLength(0);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }

        public boolean hasMore() {
            skipBlank();
            return next != -1;
        }
    }

    public static class Debug {
        private boolean allowDebug;

        public Debug(boolean allowDebug) {
            this.allowDebug = allowDebug;
        }

        public void assertTrue(boolean flag) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            if (!flag) {
                fail();
            }
        }

        public void fail() {
            throw new RuntimeException();
        }

        public void assertFalse(boolean flag) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            if (flag) {
                fail();
            }
        }

        private void outputName(String name) {
            System.out.print(name + " = ");
        }

        public void debug(String name, int x) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }

            outputName(name);
            System.out.println("" + x);
        }

        public void debug(String name, long x) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            outputName(name);
            System.out.println("" + x);
        }

        public void debug(String name, double x) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            outputName(name);
            System.out.println("" + x);
        }

        public void debug(String name, int[] x) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            outputName(name);
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
        }

        public void debug(String name, long[] x) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            outputName(name);
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
        }

        public void debug(String name, double[] x) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            outputName(name);
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
        }

        public void debug(String name, Object x) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            outputName(name);
            System.out.println("" + x);
        }

        public void debug(String name, Object... x) {
            if (!allowDebug) {
                return;
            }
            outputName(name);
            System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(x));
        }
    }
}