Problem: Cat Furrier Transform is a popular algorithm among cat programmers to create longcats. As one of the greatest cat programmers ever exist, Neko wants to utilize this algorithm to create the perfect longcat.

Assume that we have a cat with a number x. A perfect longcat is a cat with a number equal 2^m - 1 for some non-negative integer m. For example, the numbers 0, 1, 3, 7, 15 and so on are suitable for the perfect longcats.

In the Cat Furrier Transform, the following operations can be performed on x:

  * (Operation A): you select any non-negative integer n and replace x with x ⊕ (2^n - 1), with ⊕ being a [bitwise XOR operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwise_operation#XOR).
  * (Operation B): replace x with x + 1. 



The first applied operation must be of type A, the second of type B, the third of type A again, and so on. Formally, if we number operations from one in the order they are executed, then odd-numbered operations must be of type A and the even-numbered operations must be of type B.

Neko wants to produce perfect longcats at industrial scale, thus for each cat Neko only wants to perform at most 40 operations. Can you help Neko writing a transformation plan?

Note that it is not required to minimize the number of operations. You just need to use no more than 40 operations.

Input

The only line contains a single integer x (1 ≤ x ≤ 10^6).

Output

The first line should contain a single integer t (0 ≤ t ≤ 40) — the number of operations to apply.

Then for each odd-numbered operation print the corresponding number n_i in it. That is, print ⌈ t/2 ⌉ integers n_i (0 ≤ n_i ≤ 30), denoting the replacement x with x ⊕ (2^{n_i} - 1) in the corresponding step.

If there are multiple possible answers, you can print any of them. It is possible to show, that there is at least one answer in the constraints of this problem.

Examples

Input


39


Output


4
5 3 

Input


1


Output


0


Input


7


Output


0

Note

In the first test, one of the transforms might be as follows: 39 → 56 → 57 → 62 → 63. Or more precisely:

  1. Pick n = 5. x is transformed into 39 ⊕ 31, or 56. 
  2. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 57. 
  3. Pick n = 3. x is transformed into 57 ⊕ 7, or 62. 
  4. Increase x by 1, changing its value to 63 = 2^6 - 1. 



In the second and third test, the number already satisfies the goal requirement.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;


public class Main {

	static class Task {
		
		int NN = 300001;
		int MOD = 1000000007;
		int INF = 2000000000;
		long INFINITY = 2000000000000000000L;
		
		String i2d(int n) {
			StringBuilder db = new StringBuilder();
			while(n > 0) {
				db.append(n%2==0?'0':'1');n>>=1;
			}
			return db.reverse().toString();
		}
		
		String s;
		
		int op1() {
			int n = s.length();
			int pos = -1;
			for(int i=0;i<n;++i) {
				if(s.charAt(i) == '0') {
					pos = i;break;
				}
			}
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s);
			for(int i=pos;i<n;++i) {
				sb.setCharAt(i, s.charAt(i)=='0'?'1':'0');
			}
			s = sb.toString();
			//System.out.println(s);
			return n - pos;
		}
		
		void op2() {
			int n = s.length();
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s);
			for(int i=n-1;i>=0;--i) {
				if(s.charAt(i) == '0') {
					sb.setCharAt(i, '1');
					break;
				} else {
					sb.setCharAt(i, '0');
				}
			}
			s = sb.toString();
			//System.out.println(s);
		}
		
		boolean allOne() {
			for(int i=0;i<s.length();++i) {
				if(s.charAt(i)=='0')
					return false;
			}
			return true;
		}
		
		public void solve(InputReader in, PrintWriter out) {
			s = i2d(in.nextInt());
			//System.out.println(s);
			int n = s.length();
			List<Integer> L = new ArrayList<>();
			int cnt = 0;
			while(true) {
				if(allOne()) {
					break;
				}
				L.add(op1());++cnt;
				if(allOne()) {
					break;
				}
				op2();++cnt;
			}
			out.println(cnt);
			for(int e:L) {
				out.print(e + " ");
			}
			out.println("");
		}
		
	}
	
	static void prepareIO(boolean isFileIO) {
		//long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
		Task solver = new Task();
		// Standard IO
		if(!isFileIO) { 
			InputStream inputStream = System.in;
	        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
	        InputReader in = new InputReader(inputStream);
	        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
	        solver.solve(in, out);
	        //out.println("time(s): " + (1.0*(System.currentTimeMillis()-t1))/1000.0);
	        out.close();
		}
        // File IO
		else {
			String IPfilePath = System.getProperty("user.home") + "/Downloads/ip.in";
	        String OPfilePath = System.getProperty("user.home") + "/Downloads/op.out";
	        InputReader fin = new InputReader(IPfilePath);
	        PrintWriter fout = null;
	        try {
				fout = new PrintWriter(new File(OPfilePath));
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
	        solver.solve(fin, fout);
	        //fout.println("time(s): " + (1.0*(System.currentTimeMillis()-t1))/1000.0);
	        fout.close();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
        prepareIO(false);
	}
	
	static class InputReader {
        public BufferedReader reader;
        public StringTokenizer tokenizer;

        public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream), 32768);
            tokenizer = null;
        }
        
        public InputReader(String filePath) {
        	File file = new File(filePath);
            try {
				reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
            tokenizer = null;
        }
        
        public String nextLine() {
        	String str = "";
        	try {
				str = reader.readLine();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
        	return str;
        }
        
        public String next() {
            while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        public double nextDouble() {
        	return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }
        
    }

}