Problem: Berland Government decided to improve relations with neighboring countries. First of all, it was decided to build new roads so that from each city of Berland and neighboring countries it became possible to reach all the others. There are n cities in Berland and neighboring countries in total and exactly n - 1 two-way roads. Because of the recent financial crisis, the Berland Government is strongly pressed for money, so to build a new road it has to close some of the existing ones. Every day it is possible to close one existing road and immediately build a new one. Your task is to determine how many days would be needed to rebuild roads so that from each city it became possible to reach all the others, and to draw a plan of closure of old roads and building of new ones.

Input

The first line contains integer n (2 ≤ n ≤ 1000) — amount of cities in Berland and neighboring countries. Next n - 1 lines contain the description of roads. Each road is described by two space-separated integers ai, bi (1 ≤ ai, bi ≤ n, ai ≠ bi) — pair of cities, which the road connects. It can't be more than one road between a pair of cities. No road connects the city with itself.

Output

Output the answer, number t — what is the least amount of days needed to rebuild roads so that from each city it became possible to reach all the others. Then output t lines — the plan of closure of old roads and building of new ones. Each line should describe one day in the format i j u v — it means that road between cities i and j became closed and a new road between cities u and v is built. Cities are numbered from 1. If the answer is not unique, output any.

Examples

Input

2
1 2


Output

0


Input

7
1 2
2 3
3 1
4 5
5 6
6 7


Output

1
3 1 3 7

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.TreeSet;

public class P {

	static class UnionFind {
		int[] p, rank, setSize;
		int numSets;

		public UnionFind(int N) {
			p = new int[N];
			rank = new int[N];
			setSize = new int[N];
			numSets = N;
			for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
				p[i] = i;
				setSize[i] = 1;
			}
		}

		public int findSet(int i) {
			if (p[i] == i)
				return i;
			else
				return p[i] = findSet(p[i]);
		}

		public Boolean isSameSet(int i, int j) {
			return findSet(i) == findSet(j);
		}

		public void unionSet(int i, int j) {
			if (isSameSet(i, j))
				return;
			numSets--;
			int x = findSet(i), y = findSet(j);
			if (rank[x] > rank[y]) {
				p[y] = x;
				setSize[x] += setSize[y];
			} else {
				p[x] = y;
				setSize[y] += setSize[x];
				if (rank[x] == rank[y])
					rank[y]++;
			}
		}

		public int numDisjointSets() {
			return numSets;
		}
	}

	static class Edge {
		int from, to;

		Edge(int i, int j) {
			from = i;
			to = j;
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		int N = sc.nextInt();
		UnionFind uf = new UnionFind(N);
		ArrayList<Edge> removed = new ArrayList<Edge>();
		TreeSet<Integer> added = new TreeSet<Integer>();
		for (int i = 0; i < N - 1; ++i) {
			int u = sc.nextInt() - 1, v = sc.nextInt() - 1;
			if (uf.isSameSet(u, v))
				removed.add(new Edge(u + 1, v + 1));
			else
				uf.unionSet(u, v);
		}
		int pivotNode = -1;
		for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
			int repSet = uf.findSet(i);
			if (pivotNode == -1)
				pivotNode = repSet + 1;
			else if (!uf.isSameSet(repSet, pivotNode - 1))
				added.add(repSet + 1);
		}
		int sz = removed.size();
		out.println(sz);
		for (int i = 0; i < sz; ++i) {
			Edge remove = removed.get(i);
			out.println(remove.from + " " + remove.to + " " + pivotNode + " " + added.pollFirst());
		}

		out.flush();
		out.close();
	}

	static class Scanner {
		StringTokenizer st;
		BufferedReader br;

		public Scanner(InputStream s) {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s));
		}

		public Scanner(String f) throws FileNotFoundException {
			br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(f));
		}

		public String next() throws IOException {
			while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens())
				st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
			return st.nextToken();
		}

		public int nextInt() throws IOException {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}

		public long nextLong() throws IOException {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}

		public String nextLine() throws IOException {
			return br.readLine();
		}

		public double nextDouble() throws IOException {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}

		public boolean ready() throws IOException {
			return br.ready();
		}

		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) throws IOException {
			int[] a = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextInt();
			return a;
		}

		public int[] nextIntArray1(int n) throws IOException {
			int[] a = new int[n + 1];
			for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
				a[i] = nextInt();
			return a;
		}

		public int[] shuffle(int[] a, int n) {
			int[] b = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				b[i] = a[i];
			Random r = new Random();
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				int j = i + r.nextInt(n - i);
				int t = b[i];
				b[i] = b[j];
				b[j] = t;
			}
			return b;
		}

		public int[] nextIntArraySorted(int n) throws IOException {
			int[] a = nextIntArray(n);
			a = shuffle(a, n);
			Arrays.sort(a);
			return a;
		}

		public long[] nextLongArray(int n) throws IOException {
			long[] a = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextLong();
			return a;
		}

		public long[] nextLongArray1(int n) throws IOException {
			long[] a = new long[n + 1];
			for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
				a[i] = nextLong();
			return a;
		}

		public long[] nextLongArraySorted(int n) throws IOException {
			long[] a = nextLongArray(n);
			Random r = new Random();
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				int j = i + r.nextInt(n - i);
				long t = a[i];
				a[i] = a[j];
				a[j] = t;
			}
			Arrays.sort(a);
			return a;
		}
	}

}