Problem: This problem is split into two tasks. In this task, you are required to find the minimum possible answer. In the task Village (Maximum) you are required to find the maximum possible answer. Each task is worth 50 points.

There are N houses in a certain village. A single villager lives in each of the houses. The houses are connected by roads. Each road connects two houses and is exactly 1 kilometer long. From each house it is possible to reach any other using one or several consecutive roads. In total there are N-1 roads in the village.

One day all villagers decided to move to different houses — that is, after moving each house should again have a single villager living in it, but no villager should be living in the same house as before. We would like to know the smallest possible total length in kilometers of the shortest paths between the old and the new houses for all villagers.

<image>

Example village with seven houses 

For example, if there are seven houses connected by roads as shown on the figure, the smallest total length is 8 km (this can be achieved by moving 1 → 6, 2 → 4, 3 → 1, 4 → 2, 5 → 7, 6 → 3, 7 → 5).

Write a program that finds the smallest total length of the shortest paths in kilometers and an example assignment of the new houses to the villagers.

Input

The first line contains an integer N (1 < N ≤ 10^5). Houses are numbered by consecutive integers 1, 2, …, N.

Then N-1 lines follow that describe the roads. Each line contains two integers a and b (1 ≤ a, b ≤ N, a ≠ b) denoting that there is a road connecting houses a and b.

Output

In the first line output the smallest total length of the shortest paths in kilometers.

In the second line describe one valid assignment of the new houses with the smallest total length: N space-separated distinct integers v_1, v_2, …, v_N. For each i, v_i is the house number where the villager from the house i should move (v_i ≠ i). If there are several valid assignments, output any of those.

Scoring

Subtasks: 

  1. (6 points) N ≤ 10 
  2. (19 points) N ≤ 1 000 
  3. (25 points) No further constraints 

Examples

Input


4
1 2
2 3
3 4


Output


4
2 1 4 3


Input


7
4 2
5 7
3 4
6 3
1 3
4 5


Output


8
3 4 6 2 7 1 5

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.Flushable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;

/**
 * Built using CHelper plug-in
 * Actual solution is at the top
 */
public class Main {
	static class TaskAdapter implements Runnable {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			InputStream inputStream = System.in;
			OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
			FastReader in = new FastReader(inputStream);
			Output out = new Output(outputStream);
			B1VillageMinimum solver = new B1VillageMinimum();
			solver.solve(1, in, out);
			out.close();
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Thread thread = new Thread(null, new TaskAdapter(), "", 1<<29);
		thread.start();
		thread.join();
	}
	static class B1VillageMinimum {
		static B1VillageMinimum.Node[] nodes;
		static ArrayList<Integer>[] graph;
		static ArrayDeque<Integer> leaves;

		public B1VillageMinimum() {
		}

		public void solve(int kase, InputReader in, Output pw) {
			int n = in.nextInt();
			graph = in.nextUndirectedGraph(n, n-1);
			nodes = new B1VillageMinimum.Node[n];
			leaves = new ArrayDeque<>(n);
			for(int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
				nodes[i] = new B1VillageMinimum.Node(i);
			}
			nodes[0].dfs();
			int[] ans = new int[n];
			long sum = 0;
			while(!leaves.isEmpty()) {
				B1VillageMinimum.Node cur = nodes[leaves.removeFirst()];
				Utilities.Debug.dbg(cur.ind);
				if(!cur.processed) {
					if(cur.ind==0) {
						B1VillageMinimum.Node swap = cur.children.get(0);
						ans[swap.value] = cur.ind+1;
						ans[cur.value] = swap.ind+1;
						cur.processed = swap.processed = true;
					}else {
						B1VillageMinimum.Node swap = cur.parent;
						ans[swap.value] = cur.ind+1;
						ans[cur.value] = swap.ind+1;
						swap.value ^= cur.value;
						cur.value ^= swap.value;
						swap.value ^= cur.value;
						cur.processed = swap.processed = true;
					}
					sum += 2;
				}
				B1VillageMinimum.Node p = cur.parent;
				if(p!=null) {
					p.childcnt--;
					if(p.childcnt==0) {
						leaves.addLast(p.ind);
					}
				}
			}
			pw.println(sum);
			pw.println(ans);
		}

		static class Node {
			B1VillageMinimum.Node parent;
			ArrayList<B1VillageMinimum.Node> children;
			final int ind;
			int value;
			int childcnt;
			boolean visited;
			boolean processed;

			public Node(int ind) {
				this.ind = value = ind;
				parent = null;
				childcnt = 0;
				children = new ArrayList<>();
				visited = processed = false;
			}

			public void dfs() {
				visited = true;
				for(int i: graph[ind]) {
					B1VillageMinimum.Node n = nodes[i];
					if(!n.visited) {
						n.parent = this;
						n.dfs();
						childcnt++;
						children.add(n);
					}
				}
				if(childcnt==0) {
					leaves.addLast(ind);
				}
			}

		}

	}

	static class Output implements Closeable, Flushable {
		public StringBuilder sb;
		public OutputStream os;
		public int BUFFER_SIZE;
		public boolean autoFlush;
		public String LineSeparator;

		public Output(OutputStream os) {
			this(os, 1<<16);
		}

		public Output(OutputStream os, int bs) {
			BUFFER_SIZE = bs;
			sb = new StringBuilder(BUFFER_SIZE);
			this.os = new BufferedOutputStream(os, 1<<17);
			autoFlush = false;
			LineSeparator = System.lineSeparator();
		}

		public void print(int i) {
			print(String.valueOf(i));
		}

		public void print(String s) {
			sb.append(s);
			if(autoFlush) {
				flush();
			}else if(sb.length()>BUFFER_SIZE >> 1) {
				flushToBuffer();
			}
		}

		public void println(long l) {
			println(String.valueOf(l));
		}

		public void println(String s) {
			sb.append(s);
			println();
			if(autoFlush) {
				flush();
			}else if(sb.length()>BUFFER_SIZE >> 1) {
				flushToBuffer();
			}
		}

		public void println() {
			sb.append(LineSeparator);
		}

		public void println(int[] arr) {
			for(int i = 0; i<arr.length; i++) {
				if(i!=0) {
					print(" ");
				}
				print(arr[i]);
			}
			println();
		}

		private void flushToBuffer() {
			try {
				os.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
			}catch(IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			sb = new StringBuilder(BUFFER_SIZE);
		}

		public void flush() {
			try {
				flushToBuffer();
				os.flush();
			}catch(IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		public void close() {
			flush();
			try {
				os.close();
			}catch(IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

	}

	static class Utilities {
		public static class Debug {
			public static final boolean LOCAL = System.getProperty("ONLINE_JUDGE")==null;

			private static <T> String ts(T t) {
				if(t==null) {
					return "null";
				}
				try {
					return ts((Iterable) t);
				}catch(ClassCastException e) {
					if(t instanceof int[]) {
						String s = Arrays.toString((int[]) t);
						return "{"+s.substring(1, s.length()-1)+"}";
					}else if(t instanceof long[]) {
						String s = Arrays.toString((long[]) t);
						return "{"+s.substring(1, s.length()-1)+"}";
					}else if(t instanceof char[]) {
						String s = Arrays.toString((char[]) t);
						return "{"+s.substring(1, s.length()-1)+"}";
					}else if(t instanceof double[]) {
						String s = Arrays.toString((double[]) t);
						return "{"+s.substring(1, s.length()-1)+"}";
					}else if(t instanceof boolean[]) {
						String s = Arrays.toString((boolean[]) t);
						return "{"+s.substring(1, s.length()-1)+"}";
					}
					try {
						return ts((Object[]) t);
					}catch(ClassCastException e1) {
						return t.toString();
					}
				}
			}

			private static <T> String ts(T[] arr) {
				StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder();
				ret.append("{");
				boolean first = true;
				for(T t: arr) {
					if(!first) {
						ret.append(", ");
					}
					first = false;
					ret.append(ts(t));
				}
				ret.append("}");
				return ret.toString();
			}

			private static <T> String ts(Iterable<T> iter) {
				StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder();
				ret.append("{");
				boolean first = true;
				for(T t: iter) {
					if(!first) {
						ret.append(", ");
					}
					first = false;
					ret.append(ts(t));
				}
				ret.append("}");
				return ret.toString();
			}

			public static void dbg(Object... o) {
				if(LOCAL) {
					System.err.print("Line #"+Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[2].getLineNumber()+": [");
					for(int i = 0; i<o.length; i++) {
						if(i!=0) {
							System.err.print(", ");
						}
						System.err.print(ts(o[i]));
					}
					System.err.println("]");
				}
			}

		}

	}

	static class FastReader implements InputReader {
		final private int BUFFER_SIZE = 1<<16;
		private DataInputStream din;
		private byte[] buffer;
		private int bufferPointer;
		private int bytesRead;

		public FastReader(InputStream is) {
			din = new DataInputStream(is);
			buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
			bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
		}

		public int nextInt() {
			int ret = 0;
			byte c = skipToDigit();
			boolean neg = (c=='-');
			if(neg) {
				c = read();
			}
			do {
				ret = ret*10+c-'0';
			} while((c = read())>='0'&&c<='9');
			if(neg) {
				return -ret;
			}
			return ret;
		}

		private boolean isDigit(byte b) {
			return b>='0'&&b<='9';
		}

		private byte skipToDigit() {
			byte ret;
			while(!isDigit(ret = read())&&ret!='-') ;
			return ret;
		}

		private void fillBuffer() {
			try {
				bytesRead = din.read(buffer, bufferPointer = 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
			}catch(IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			}
			if(bytesRead==-1) {
				buffer[0] = -1;
			}
		}

		private byte read() {
			if(bytesRead==-1) {
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			}else if(bufferPointer==bytesRead) {
				fillBuffer();
			}
			return buffer[bufferPointer++];
		}

	}

	static interface InputReader {
		int nextInt();

		default ArrayList<Integer>[] nextUndirectedGraph(int n, int m) {
			ArrayList<Integer>[] ret = new ArrayList[n];
			for(int i = 0; i<n; i++) {
				ret[i] = new ArrayList<>();
			}
			for(int i = 0; i<m; i++) {
				int u = nextInt()-1, v = nextInt()-1;
				ret[u].add(v);
				ret[v].add(u);
			}
			return ret;
		}

	}
}