Problem: Nash designed an interesting yet simple board game where a player is simply required to follow instructions written on the cell where the player currently stands. 

This board game is played on the n× n board. Rows and columns of this board are numbered from 1 to n. The cell on the intersection of the r-th row and c-th column is denoted by (r, c).

Some cells on the board are called blocked zones. On each cell of the board, there is written one of the following 5 characters — U, D, L, R or X — instructions for the player. Suppose that the current cell is (r, c). If the character is R, the player should move to the right cell (r, c+1), for L the player should move to the left cell (r, c-1), for U the player should move to the top cell (r-1, c), for D the player should move to the bottom cell (r+1, c). Finally, if the character in the cell is X, then this cell is the blocked zone. The player should remain in this cell (the game for him isn't very interesting from now on).

It is guaranteed that the characters are written in a way that the player will never have to step outside of the board, no matter at which cell he starts.

As a player starts from a cell, he moves according to the character in the current cell. The player keeps moving until he lands in a blocked zone. It is also possible that the player will keep moving infinitely long.

For every of the n^2 cells of the board Alice, your friend, wants to know, how will the game go, if the player starts in this cell. For each starting cell of the board, she writes down the cell that the player stops at, or that the player never stops at all. She gives you the information she has written: for each cell (r, c) she wrote: 

  * a pair (x,y), meaning if a player had started at (r, c), he would end up at cell (x,y). 
  * or a pair (-1,-1), meaning if a player had started at (r, c), he would keep moving infinitely long and would never enter the blocked zone. 



It might be possible that Alice is trying to fool you and there's no possible grid that satisfies all the constraints Alice gave you. For the given information Alice provided you, you are required to decipher a possible board, or to determine that such a board doesn't exist. If there exist several different boards that satisfy the provided information, you can find any of them.

Input

The first line of the input contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{3}) — the side of the board.

The i-th of the next n lines of the input contains 2n integers x_1, y_1, x_2, y_2, ..., x_n, y_n, where (x_j, y_j) (1 ≤ x_j ≤ n, 1 ≤ y_j ≤ n, or (x_j,y_j)=(-1,-1)) is the pair written by Alice for the cell (i, j). 

Output

If there doesn't exist a board satisfying the information that Alice gave you, print a single line containing INVALID. 

Otherwise, in the first line print VALID. In the i-th of the next n lines, print the string of n characters, corresponding to the characters in the i-th row of the suitable board you found. Each character of a string can either be U, D, L, R or X. If there exist several different boards that satisfy the provided information, you can find any of them.

Examples

Input


2
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2


Output


VALID
XL
RX


Input


3
-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
-1 -1 2 2 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1


Output


VALID
RRD
UXD
ULL

Note

For the sample test 1 :

The given grid in output is a valid one. 

  * If the player starts at (1,1), he doesn't move any further following X and stops there. 
  * If the player starts at (1,2), he moves to left following L and stops at (1,1). 
  * If the player starts at (2,1), he moves to right following R and stops at (2,2). 
  * If the player starts at (2,2), he doesn't move any further following X and stops there. 



The simulation can be seen below : 

<image>

For the sample test 2 : 

The given grid in output is a valid one, as a player starting at any cell other than the one at center (2,2), keeps moving in an infinitely long cycle and never stops. Had he started at (2,2), he wouldn't have moved further following instruction X .

The simulation can be seen below : 

<image>

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

import static java.lang.Math.*;
import static java.util.Arrays.*;

public class cf1316d {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        int n = ri(), x[][] = new int[n][n], y[][] = new int[n][n], visited = 0;
        char[][] ans = new char[n][n];
        boolean[][] vis = new boolean[n][n];
        Set<Integer> sink = new HashSet<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            r();
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                x[i][j] = ni() - 1;
                y[i][j] = ni() - 1;
                if (x[i][j] >= 0) {
                    sink.add(x[i][j] * n + y[i][j]);
                }
            }
        }
        for (int s : sink) {
            int si = s / n, sj = s % n;
            /* if (x[i][j] == i && y[i][j] == j) {
                visited += dfs(i, j, i, j, x, y, vis, ans);
            } */
            if (x[si][sj] == si && y[si][sj] == sj) {
                Queue<int[]> bfs = new LinkedList<>();
                bfs.offer(new int[] {si, sj, si, sj});
                while (!bfs.isEmpty()) {
                    int i = bfs.peek()[0], j = bfs.peek()[1], pi = bfs.peek()[2], pj = bfs.poll()[3];
                    if (vis[i][j]) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    vis[i][j] = true;
                    ans[i][j] = pi > i ? 'D' : pi < i ? 'U' : pj > j ? 'R' : pj < j ? 'L' : 'X';
                    ++visited;
                    if (i > 0 && !vis[i - 1][j] && x[i - 1][j] == x[i][j] && y[i - 1][j] == y[i][j]) {
                        bfs.offer(new int[] {i - 1, j, i, j});
                    }
                    if (j > 0 && !vis[i][j - 1] && x[i][j - 1] == x[i][j] && y[i][j - 1] == y[i][j]) {
                        bfs.offer(new int[] {i, j - 1, i, j});
                    }
                    if (i < vis.length - 1 && !vis[i + 1][j] && x[i + 1][j] == x[i][j] && y[i + 1][j] == y[i][j]) {
                        bfs.offer(new int[] {i + 1, j, i, j});
                    }
                    if (j < vis.length - 1 && !vis[i][j + 1] && x[i][j + 1] == x[i][j] && y[i][j + 1] == y[i][j]) {
                        bfs.offer(new int[] {i, j + 1, i, j});
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                if (x[i][j] < 0) {
                    ++visited;
                    if (i > 0 && x[i - 1][j] < 0) {
                        ans[i][j] = 'U';
                    } else if (j > 0 && x[i][j - 1] < 0) {
                        ans[i][j] = 'L';
                    } else if (i < n - 1 && x[i + 1][j] < 0) {
                        ans[i][j] = 'D';
                    } else if (j < n - 1 && x[i][j + 1] < 0) {
                        ans[i][j] = 'R';
                    } else {
                        --visited;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (visited < n * n) {
            prln("INVALID");
        } else {
            prln("VALID");
            for (char[] row : ans) {
                prln(row);
            }
        }
        close();
    }

    // stack overflow
    static int dfs(int i, int j, int pi, int pj, int[][] x, int[][] y, boolean[][] vis, char[][] ans) {
        vis[i][j] = true;
        ans[i][j] = pi > i ? 'D' : pi < i ? 'U' : pj > j ? 'R' : pj < j ? 'L' : 'X';
        int ret = 1;
        if (i > 0 && !vis[i - 1][j] && x[i - 1][j] == x[i][j] && y[i - 1][j] == y[i][j]) {
            ret += dfs(i - 1, j, i, j, x, y, vis, ans);
        }
        if (j > 0 && !vis[i][j - 1] && x[i][j - 1] == x[i][j] && y[i][j - 1] == y[i][j]) {
            ret += dfs(i, j - 1, i, j, x, y, vis, ans);
        }
        if (i < vis.length - 1 && !vis[i + 1][j] && x[i + 1][j] == x[i][j] && y[i + 1][j] == y[i][j]) {
            ret += dfs(i + 1, j, i, j, x, y, vis, ans);
        }
        if (j < vis.length - 1 && !vis[i][j + 1] && x[i][j + 1] == x[i][j] && y[i][j + 1] == y[i][j]) {
            ret += dfs(i, j + 1, i, j, x, y, vis, ans);
        }
        return ret;
    }

    static BufferedReader __in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    static PrintWriter __out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
    static StringTokenizer input;
    static Random __rand = new Random();

    // references
    // IBIG = 1e9 + 7
    // IMAX ~= 2e9
    // LMAX ~= 9e18
    
    // constants
    static final int IBIG = 1000000007;
    static final int IMAX = 2147483647;
    static final int IMIN = -2147483648;
    static final long LMAX = 9223372036854775807L;
    static final long LMIN = -9223372036854775808L;
    // math util
    static int minof(int a, int b, int c) {return min(a, min(b, c));}
    static int minof(int... x) {if(x.length == 1) return x[0]; if(x.length == 2) return min(x[0], x[1]); if(x.length == 3) return min(x[0], min(x[1], x[2])); int min = x[0]; for(int i = 1; i < x.length; ++i) if(x[i] < min) min = x[i]; return min;}
    static long minof(long a, long b, long c) {return min(a, min(b, c));}
    static long minof(long... x) {if(x.length == 1) return x[0]; if(x.length == 2) return min(x[0], x[1]); if(x.length == 3) return min(x[0], min(x[1], x[2])); long min = x[0]; for(int i = 1; i < x.length; ++i) if(x[i] < min) min = x[i]; return min;}
    static int maxof(int a, int b, int c) {return max(a, max(b, c));}
    static int maxof(int... x) {if(x.length == 1) return x[0]; if(x.length == 2) return max(x[0], x[1]); if(x.length == 3) return max(x[0], max(x[1], x[2])); int max = x[0]; for(int i = 1; i < x.length; ++i) if(x[i] > max) max = x[i]; return max;}
    static long maxof(long a, long b, long c) {return max(a, max(b, c));}
    static long maxof(long... x) {if(x.length == 1) return x[0]; if(x.length == 2) return max(x[0], x[1]); if(x.length == 3) return max(x[0], max(x[1], x[2])); long max = x[0]; for(int i = 1; i < x.length; ++i) if(x[i] > max) max = x[i]; return max;}
    static int powi(int a, int b) {if(a == 0) return 0; int ans = 1; while(b > 0) {if((b & 1) > 0) ans *= a; a *= a; b >>= 1;} return ans;}
    static long powl(long a, int b) {if(a == 0) return 0; long ans = 1; while(b > 0) {if((b & 1) > 0) ans *= a; a *= a; b >>= 1;} return ans;}
    static int fli(double d) {return (int)d;}
    static int cei(double d) {return (int)ceil(d);}
    static long fll(double d) {return (long)d;}
    static long cel(double d) {return (long)ceil(d);}
    static int gcf(int a, int b) {return b == 0 ? a : gcf(b, a % b);}
    static long gcf(long a, long b) {return b == 0 ? a : gcf(b, a % b);}
    static int lcm(int a, int b) {return a * b / gcf(a, b);}
    static long lcm(long a, long b) {return a * b / gcf(a, b);}
    static int randInt(int min, int max) {return __rand.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;}
    static long mix(long x) {x += 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15L; x = (x ^ (x >> 30)) * 0xbf58476d1ce4e5b9L; x = (x ^ (x >> 27)) * 0x94d049bb133111ebL; return x ^ (x >> 31);}
    // array util
    static void reverse(int[] a) {for(int i = 0, n = a.length, half = n / 2; i < half; ++i) {int swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = swap;}}
    static void reverse(long[] a) {for(int i = 0, n = a.length, half = n / 2; i < half; ++i) {long swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = swap;}}
    static void reverse(double[] a) {for(int i = 0, n = a.length, half = n / 2; i < half; ++i) {double swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = swap;}}
    static void reverse(char[] a) {for(int i = 0, n = a.length, half = n / 2; i < half; ++i) {char swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[n - i - 1]; a[n - i - 1] = swap;}}
    static void shuffle(int[] a) {int n = a.length - 1; for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {int ind = randInt(i, n); int swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[ind]; a[ind] = swap;}}
    static void shuffle(long[] a) {int n = a.length - 1; for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {int ind = randInt(i, n); long swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[ind]; a[ind] = swap;}}
    static void shuffle(double[] a) {int n = a.length - 1; for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {int ind = randInt(i, n); double swap = a[i]; a[i] = a[ind]; a[ind] = swap;}}
    static void rsort(int[] a) {shuffle(a); sort(a);}
    static void rsort(long[] a) {shuffle(a); sort(a);}
    static void rsort(double[] a) {shuffle(a); sort(a);}
    static int[] copy(int[] a) {int[] ans = new int[a.length]; for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) ans[i] = a[i]; return ans;}
    static long[] copy(long[] a) {long[] ans = new long[a.length]; for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) ans[i] = a[i]; return ans;}
    static double[] copy(double[] a) {double[] ans = new double[a.length]; for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) ans[i] = a[i]; return ans;}
    static char[] copy(char[] a) {char[] ans = new char[a.length]; for(int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) ans[i] = a[i]; return ans;}
    // graph util
    static List<List<Integer>> g(int n) {List<List<Integer>> g = new ArrayList<>(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) g.add(new ArrayList<>()); return g;}
    static List<Set<Integer>> sg(int n) {List<Set<Integer>> g = new ArrayList<>(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) g.add(new HashSet<>()); return g;}
    static void c(List<? extends Collection<Integer>> g, int u, int v) {g.get(u).add(v); g.get(v).add(u);}
    static void cto(List<? extends Collection<Integer>> g, int u, int v) {g.get(u).add(v);}
    static void dc(List<? extends Collection<Integer>> g, int u, int v) {g.get(u).remove(v); g.get(v).remove(u);}
    static void dcto(List<? extends Collection<Integer>> g, int u, int v) {g.get(u).remove(v);}
    // input
    static void r() throws IOException {input = new StringTokenizer(rline());}
    static int ri() throws IOException {return Integer.parseInt(rline());}
    static long rl() throws IOException {return Long.parseLong(rline());}
    static int[] ria(int n) throws IOException {int[] a = new int[n]; r(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i] = ni(); return a;}
    static int[] riam1(int n) throws IOException {int[] a = new int[n]; r(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i] = ni() - 1; return a;}
    static long[] rla(int n) throws IOException {long[] a = new long[n]; r(); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) a[i] = nl(); return a;}
    static char[] rcha() throws IOException {return rline().toCharArray();}
    static String rline() throws IOException {return __in.readLine();}
    static String n() {return input.nextToken();}
    static int rni() throws IOException {r(); return ni();}
    static int ni() {return Integer.parseInt(n());}
    static long rnl() throws IOException {r(); return nl();}
    static long nl() {return Long.parseLong(n());}
    static double rnd() throws IOException {r(); return nd();}
    static double nd() {return Double.parseDouble(n());}
    static List<List<Integer>> rg(int n, int m) throws IOException {List<List<Integer>> g = g(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) c(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1); return g;}
    static void rg(List<List<Integer>> g, int m) throws IOException {for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) c(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1);}
    static List<List<Integer>> rdg(int n, int m) throws IOException {List<List<Integer>> g = g(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) cto(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1); return g;}
    static void rdg(List<List<Integer>> g, int m) throws IOException {for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) cto(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1);}
    static List<Set<Integer>> rsg(int n, int m) throws IOException {List<Set<Integer>> g = sg(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) c(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1); return g;}
    static void rsg(List<Set<Integer>> g, int m) throws IOException {for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) c(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1);}
    static List<Set<Integer>> rdsg(int n, int m) throws IOException {List<Set<Integer>> g = sg(n); for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) cto(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1); return g;}
    static void rdsg(List<Set<Integer>> g, int m) throws IOException {for(int i = 0; i < m; ++i) cto(g, rni() - 1, ni() - 1);}
    // output
    static void pr(int i) {__out.print(i);}
    static void prln(int i) {__out.println(i);}
    static void pr(long l) {__out.print(l);}
    static void prln(long l) {__out.println(l);}
    static void pr(double d) {__out.print(d);}
    static void prln(double d) {__out.println(d);}
    static void pr(char c) {__out.print(c);}
    static void prln(char c) {__out.println(c);}
    static void pr(char[] s) {__out.print(new String(s));}
    static void prln(char[] s) {__out.println(new String(s));}
    static void pr(String s) {__out.print(s);}
    static void prln(String s) {__out.println(s);}
    static void pr(Object o) {__out.print(o);}
    static void prln(Object o) {__out.println(o);}
    static void prln() {__out.println();}
    static void pryes() {__out.println("yes");}
    static void pry() {__out.println("Yes");}
    static void prY() {__out.println("YES");}
    static void prno() {__out.println("no");}
    static void prn() {__out.println("No");}
    static void prN() {__out.println("NO");}
    static void pryesno(boolean b) {__out.println(b ? "yes" : "no");};
    static void pryn(boolean b) {__out.println(b ? "Yes" : "No");}
    static void prYN(boolean b) {__out.println(b ? "YES" : "NO");}
    static void prln(int... a) {for(int i = 0, len = a.length - 1; i < len; __out.print(a[i]), __out.print(' '), ++i); __out.println(a[a.length - 1]);}
    static void prln(long... a) {for(int i = 0, len = a.length - 1; i < len; __out.print(a[i]), __out.print(' '), ++i); __out.println(a[a.length - 1]);}
    static void prln(double... a) {for(int i = 0, len = a.length - 1; i < len; __out.print(a[i]), __out.print(' '), ++i); __out.println(a[a.length - 1]);}
    static <T> void prln(Collection<T> c) {int n = c.size() - 1; Iterator<T> iter = c.iterator(); for(int i = 0; i < n; __out.print(iter.next()), __out.print(' '), ++i); if(n >= 0) __out.println(iter.next()); else __out.println();}
    static void h() {__out.println("hlfd"); flush();}
    static void flush() {__out.flush();}
    static void close() {__out.close();}
}