Problem: Max wants to buy a new skateboard. He has calculated the amount of money that is needed to buy a new skateboard. He left a calculator on the floor and went to ask some money from his parents. Meanwhile his little brother Yusuf came and started to press the keys randomly. Unfortunately Max has forgotten the number which he had calculated. The only thing he knows is that the number is divisible by 4.

You are given a string s consisting of digits (the number on the display of the calculator after Yusuf randomly pressed the keys). Your task is to find the number of substrings which are divisible by 4. A substring can start with a zero.

A substring of a string is a nonempty sequence of consecutive characters.

For example if string s is 124 then we have four substrings that are divisible by 4: 12, 4, 24 and 124. For the string 04 the answer is three: 0, 4, 04.

As input/output can reach huge size it is recommended to use fast input/output methods: for example, prefer to use gets/scanf/printf instead of getline/cin/cout in C++, prefer to use BufferedReader/PrintWriter instead of Scanner/System.out in Java.

Input

The only line contains string s (1 ≤ |s| ≤ 3·105). The string s contains only digits from 0 to 9.

Output

Print integer a — the number of substrings of the string s that are divisible by 4.

Note that the answer can be huge, so you should use 64-bit integer type to store it. In C++ you can use the long long integer type and in Java you can use long integer type.

Examples

Input

124


Output

4


Input

04


Output

3


Input

5810438174


Output

9

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:

/**
 *
 * @author meashish
 */
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;

public class Main {

    InputReader in;
    Printer out;

    long MOD = 1000000007;

    private void start() throws Exception {
        String str = in.next();
        
        if (str.length() == 1) {
            if (str.equals("0") || str.equals("4") || str.equals("8")) {
                out.println(1);
            } else {
                out.println(0);
            }
        } else {
            long res = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < str.length() - 1; i++) {
                String stmp = "" + str.charAt(i) + str.charAt(i + 1);
                int tmp = Integer.parseInt(stmp);
                
                if (tmp % 4 == 0) {
                    res += (long) i + 1L;
                }
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
                if (check("" + str.charAt(i))) {
                    res++;
                }
            }
            
            out.println(res);
        }
        out.flush();
    }
    
    boolean check(String str) {
        return (str.equals("0") || str.equals("4") || str.equals("8"));
    }
    
    private int smallerPower2(int n) {
        int res = 1;
        
        while (2 * res <= n) {
            res *= 2;
        }
        
        return res;
    }

    long power(long x, long n) {
        if (n <= 0) {
            return 1;
        }
        long y = power(x, n / 2);

        if ((n & 1) == 1) {
            return (((y * y) % MOD) * x) % MOD;
        }

        return (y * y) % MOD;
    }

    public int gcd(int a, int b) {
        a = Math.abs(a);
        b = Math.abs(b);
        return BigInteger.valueOf(a).gcd(BigInteger.valueOf(b)).intValue();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        InputReader in;
        PrintStream out;

        //in = new InputReader(new FileInputStream(new File("in.txt")));
        //out = new PrintStream("out.txt");
        in = new InputReader(System.in);
        out = System.out;

        Main main = new Main();

        main.in = in;
        main.out = new Printer(out);

        main.start();
    }

    private static class InputReader {

        private InputStream stream;
        private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int curChar;
        private int numChars;
        private SpaceCharFilter filter;

        public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            this.stream = stream;
        }

        public int read() {
            if (numChars == -1) {
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            }
            if (curChar >= numChars) {
                curChar = 0;
                try {
                    numChars = stream.read(buf);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                if (numChars <= 0) {
                    return -1;
                }
            }
            return buf[curChar++];
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
                c = read();
            }
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            int res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public String nextString() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
                c = read();
            }
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            do {
                res.appendCodePoint(c);
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res.toString();
        }

        public double nextDouble() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
                c = read();
            }
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            double res = 0;
            while (!isSpaceChar(c) && c != '.') {
                if (c == 'e' || c == 'E') {
                    return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
                }
                if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            if (c == '.') {
                c = read();
                double m = 1;
                while (!isSpaceChar(c)) {
                    if (c == 'e' || c == 'E') {
                        return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
                    }
                    if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    }
                    m /= 10;
                    res += (c - '0') * m;
                    c = read();
                }
            }
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
                c = read();
            }
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            long res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
            if (filter != null) {
                return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
            }
            return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
        }

        public String next() {
            return nextString();
        }

        public interface SpaceCharFilter {

            public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
        }
    }

    private static class Printer {

        PrintStream out;
        StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
        boolean autoFlush;

        public Printer(PrintStream out) {
            this.out = out;
        }

        public Printer(PrintStream out, boolean autoFlush) {
            this.out = out;
            this.autoFlush = autoFlush;
        }

        public void println() {
            buffer.append("\n");

            if (autoFlush) {
                flush();
            }
        }

        public void println(int n) {
            println(Integer.toString(n));
        }

        public void println(long n) {
            println(Long.toString(n));
        }

        public void println(double n) {
            println(Double.toString(n));
        }

        public void println(float n) {
            println(Float.toString(n));
        }

        public void println(boolean n) {
            println(Boolean.toString(n));
        }

        public void println(char n) {
            println(Character.toString(n));
        }

        public void println(byte n) {
            println(Byte.toString(n));
        }

        public void println(short n) {
            println(Short.toString(n));
        }

        public void println(Object o) {
            println(o.toString());
        }

        public void println(Object[] o) {
            println(Arrays.deepToString(o));
        }

        public void println(String s) {
            buffer.append(s).append("\n");

            if (autoFlush) {
                flush();
            }
        }

        public void print(char s) {
            buffer.append(s);

            if (autoFlush) {
                flush();
            }
        }

        public void print(String s) {
            buffer.append(s);

            if (autoFlush) {
                flush();
            }
        }

        public void flush() {
            try {
                BufferedWriter log = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
                log.write(buffer.toString());

                log.flush();
                buffer = new StringBuilder();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private class Pair<T, U> implements Serializable {

        int x;
        int index;
        int ans = 0;
        private T key;

        public T getKey() {
            return key;
        }

        private U value;

        public U getValue() {
            return value;
        }

        public Pair(T key, U value) {
            this.key = key;
            this.value = value;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return key + "=" + value;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
            if (obj == null) {
                return false;
            }
            if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
                return false;
            }

            final Pair other = (Pair) obj;
            if (!this.key.equals(other.key)) {
                return false;
            }

            return this.value.equals(other.value);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return key.hashCode() + 13 * value.hashCode();
        }
    }

    private class Bit {

        int N;
        long ft[] = new long[10000000];

        Bit(int n) {
            N = n;
        }

        void update(int p, long v) {
            for (; p <= N; p += p & (-p)) {
                ft[p] += v;
                ft[p] %= MOD;
            }
        }

        void update(int a, int b, long v) {
            update(a, v);
            update(b + 1, -v);
        }

        long query(int b) {
            long sum = 0;
            for (; b > 0; b -= b & (-b)) {
                sum += ft[b];
                sum %= MOD;
            }

            return sum;
        }
    }
}