Problem: This is the easy version of the problem. The difference between the versions is that the easy version has no swap operations. You can make hacks only if all versions of the problem are solved.

Pikachu is a cute and friendly pokémon living in the wild pikachu herd.

But it has become known recently that infamous team R wanted to steal all these pokémon! Pokémon trainer Andrew decided to help Pikachu to build a pokémon army to resist.

First, Andrew counted all the pokémon — there were exactly n pikachu. The strength of the i-th pokémon is equal to a_i, and all these numbers are distinct.

As an army, Andrew can choose any non-empty subsequence of pokemons. In other words, Andrew chooses some array b from k indices such that 1 ≤ b_1 < b_2 < ... < b_k ≤ n, and his army will consist of pokémons with forces a_{b_1}, a_{b_2}, ..., a_{b_k}.

The strength of the army is equal to the alternating sum of elements of the subsequence; that is, a_{b_1} - a_{b_2} + a_{b_3} - a_{b_4} + ....

Andrew is experimenting with pokémon order. He performs q operations. In i-th operation Andrew swaps l_i-th and r_i-th pokémon.

Note: q=0 in this version of the task.

Andrew wants to know the maximal stregth of the army he can achieve with the initial pokémon placement. He also needs to know the maximal strength after each operation.

Help Andrew and the pokémon, or team R will realize their tricky plan!

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases.

The first line contains one positive integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 10^3) denoting the number of test cases. Description of the test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains two integers n and q (1 ≤ n ≤ 3 ⋅ 10^5, q = 0) denoting the number of pokémon and number of operations respectively.

The second line contains n distinct positive integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ n) denoting the strengths of the pokémon.

i-th of the last q lines contains two positive integers l_i and r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n) denoting the indices of pokémon that were swapped in the i-th operation.

It is guaranteed that the sum of n over all test cases does not exceed 3 ⋅ 10^5, and the sum of q over all test cases does not exceed 3 ⋅ 10^5. 

Output

For each test case, print q+1 integers: the maximal strength of army before the swaps and after each swap.

Example

Input


3
3 0
1 3 2
2 0
1 2
7 0
1 2 5 4 3 6 7


Output


3
2
9

Note

In third test case we can build an army in such way: [1 2 5 4 3 6 7], its strength will be 5−3+7=9.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.util.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;


public class CHard{
    public static FastReader fs = new FastReader();

    static PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);

    static int getLastIncreasing(long[]a,int start){
        int i = start+1;
        while(i < a.length && a[i] >= a[i-1])
            i++;
        return i-1;
    }
    static int getLastDecreasing(long[]a,int start){
        int i = start+1;
        while(i < a.length && a[i] <= a[i-1])
            i++;
        return i-1;
    }

    static void solve() {
        int n = fs.nextInt(),q = fs.nextInt();
        long[]a = fs.readlongarray(n);
        long ans = 0;
        int start = 0;
        int turn = 1;
        while(start < n){
            if(turn == 1){
                start = getLastIncreasing(a,start);
                //out.println(start);
                ans += a[start]*1l;
                turn = 0;
                start++;
            }
            else{
                start = getLastDecreasing(a,start);
                //out.println(start);
                if(start < n-1)
                    ans -= a[start]*1l;
                turn = 1;
                start++;
            }
        }
        out.println(ans);
        while(q-->0){
            int l = fs.nextInt()-1,r = fs.nextInt()-1;
            ans -= a[0];
            if(l > 0)
                ans -= Math.max(0*1l,a[l]-a[l-1]);
            if(l+1 < n)
                ans -= Math.max(0*1l,a[l+1]-a[l]);
            long temp = a[l];
            a[l] = a[r];
            if(l > 0)
                ans += Math.max(0*1l,a[l]-a[l-1]);
            if(l+1 < n)
                ans += Math.max(0*1l,a[l+1]-a[l]);
            if(r > 0)
                ans -= Math.max(0*1l,a[r]-a[r-1]);
            if(r+1 < n)
                ans -= Math.max(0*1l,a[r+1]-a[r]);
            a[r] = temp;
            if(r > 0)
                ans += Math.max(0*1l,a[r]-a[r-1]);
            if(r+1 < n)
                ans += Math.max(0*1l,a[r+1]-a[r]);
            ans += a[0];
            out.println(ans);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread t = new Thread(null,null,"",1 << 28) {
            public void run() {
                int test_case = 1;
                test_case = fs.nextInt();
                for(int cs = 1; cs <= test_case; cs++) {
                    solve();
                }
                out.close();
            }
        };
        t.start();
        try {
            t.join();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    static class FastReader
    {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public FastReader()
        {
            br = new BufferedReader(new
                    InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }

        String next()
        {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements())
            {
                try
                {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                }
                catch (IOException  e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        int nextInt()
        {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        long nextLong()
        {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        double nextDouble()
        {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        String nextLine()
        {
            String str = "";
            try
            {
                str = br.readLine();
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }

        int [] readintarray(int n) {
            int res [] = new int [n];
            for(int i = 0; i<n; i++)res[i] = nextInt();
            return res;
        }
        long [] readlongarray(int n) {
            long res [] = new long [n];
            for(int i = 0; i<n; i++)res[i] = nextLong();
            return res;
        }
    }

    static int ceil(int x,int y) {
        return (x % y == 0 ? x / y : (x / y +1));
    }

    static long ceil(long x,long y) {
        return (x % y == 0 ? x / y : (x / y +1));
    }

    static int max(int x,int y) {
        return Math.max(x, y);
    }

    static int min(int x,int y) {
        return Math.min(x, y);
    }

    static long max(long x,long y) {
        return Math.max(x, y);
    }

    static long min(long x,long y) {
        return Math.min(x, y);
    }

    static int min(int a []) {
        int x = 1_000_000_00_9;
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)x = min(x,a[i]);
        return x;
    }

    static int max(int a []) {
        int x = -1_000_000_00_9;
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)x = max(x,a[i]);
        return x;
    }

    static long min(long a []) {
        long x = (long)3e18;
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)x = min(x,a[i]);
        return x;
    }

    static long max(long a []) {
        long x = -(long)3e18;
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)x = max(x,a[i]);
        return x;
    }

    static int power(int x,int y) {
        int res = 1;
        while(y > 0) {
            if( y % 2 == 1)res = (res * x);
            y >>= 1;
            x = (x * x);
        }
        return res;
    }

    static long power(long x,long y) {
        long res = 1;
        while(y > 0) {
            if( y % 2 == 1)res = (res * x);
            y >>= 1;
            x = (x * x);
        }
        return res;
    }

    static long power(long x,long y,long mod) {
        long res = 1;
        x %= mod;
        while(y > 0) {
            if( y % 2 == 1)res = (res * x) % mod;
            y >>= 1;
            x = (x * x) % mod;
        }
        return res;
    }

    static void intsort(int [] a) {
        List<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)temp.add(a[i]);
        Collections.sort(temp);
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)a[i] = temp.get(i);
    }

    static void longsort(long [] a) {
        List<Long> temp = new ArrayList<Long>();
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)temp.add(a[i]);
        Collections.sort(temp);
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)a[i] = temp.get(i);
    }

    static void reverseintsort(int [] a) {
        List<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)temp.add(a[i]);
        Collections.sort(temp);
        Collections.reverse(temp);
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)a[i] = temp.get(i);
    }

    static void reverselongsort(long [] a) {
        List<Long> temp = new ArrayList<Long>();
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)temp.add(a[i]);
        Collections.sort(temp);
        Collections.reverse(temp);
        for(int i = 0; i<a.length; i++)a[i] = temp.get(i);
    }


    static void intervalsort(int a [],int start,int end) {
        ArrayList<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = start; i<end; i++)
            temp.add(a[i]);
        Collections.sort(temp);
        for(int i = 0; i<temp.size(); i++)
            a[i+start] = temp.get(i);
    }

    static void intervalsort(long a [],int start,int end) {
        ArrayList<Long> temp = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = start; i<end; i++)
            temp.add(a[i]);
        Collections.sort(temp);
        for(int i = 0; i<temp.size(); i++)
            a[i+start] = temp.get(i);
    }

    static void reverseintervalsort(int a [],int start,int end) {
        ArrayList<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = start; i<end; i++)
            temp.add(a[i]);
        Collections.sort(temp);
        Collections.reverse(temp);
        for(int i = 0; i<temp.size(); i++)
            a[i+start] = temp.get(i);
    }

    static void reverseintervalsort(long a [],int start,int end) {
        ArrayList<Long> temp = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = start; i<end; i++)
            temp.add(a[i]);
        Collections.sort(temp);
        Collections.reverse(temp);
        for(int i = 0; i<temp.size(); i++)
            a[i+start] = temp.get(i);
    }
}