Problem: This is the easy version of the problem. The difference between the versions is that the easy version has no swap operations. You can make hacks only if all versions of the problem are solved.

Pikachu is a cute and friendly pokémon living in the wild pikachu herd.

But it has become known recently that infamous team R wanted to steal all these pokémon! Pokémon trainer Andrew decided to help Pikachu to build a pokémon army to resist.

First, Andrew counted all the pokémon — there were exactly n pikachu. The strength of the i-th pokémon is equal to a_i, and all these numbers are distinct.

As an army, Andrew can choose any non-empty subsequence of pokemons. In other words, Andrew chooses some array b from k indices such that 1 ≤ b_1 < b_2 < ... < b_k ≤ n, and his army will consist of pokémons with forces a_{b_1}, a_{b_2}, ..., a_{b_k}.

The strength of the army is equal to the alternating sum of elements of the subsequence; that is, a_{b_1} - a_{b_2} + a_{b_3} - a_{b_4} + ....

Andrew is experimenting with pokémon order. He performs q operations. In i-th operation Andrew swaps l_i-th and r_i-th pokémon.

Note: q=0 in this version of the task.

Andrew wants to know the maximal stregth of the army he can achieve with the initial pokémon placement. He also needs to know the maximal strength after each operation.

Help Andrew and the pokémon, or team R will realize their tricky plan!

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases.

The first line contains one positive integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 10^3) denoting the number of test cases. Description of the test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains two integers n and q (1 ≤ n ≤ 3 ⋅ 10^5, q = 0) denoting the number of pokémon and number of operations respectively.

The second line contains n distinct positive integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ n) denoting the strengths of the pokémon.

i-th of the last q lines contains two positive integers l_i and r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n) denoting the indices of pokémon that were swapped in the i-th operation.

It is guaranteed that the sum of n over all test cases does not exceed 3 ⋅ 10^5, and the sum of q over all test cases does not exceed 3 ⋅ 10^5. 

Output

For each test case, print q+1 integers: the maximal strength of army before the swaps and after each swap.

Example

Input


3
3 0
1 3 2
2 0
1 2
7 0
1 2 5 4 3 6 7


Output


3
2
9

Note

In third test case we can build an army in such way: [1 2 5 4 3 6 7], its strength will be 5−3+7=9.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
//package cf672;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

// What's the smallest input?
// Check * for int/long overflow.
// Check / for accidental rounding.
// Are you using doubles? Can you avoid it?
// Never compare after taking mod.
// Mod the final result.
// Initialize globals in solve() unless they are independent of the problem input.
// Check for local/global name conflicts (n?).
// Check initial values for max/min (not Integer.MIN_VALUE for long).
public class C {
    static Random rand;
    static boolean CONSTRUCTIVE = false;
    static long MOD = (long) 1e9 + 7;
    static long BIG = (long) 2e9;

    public static void solve(Reader in, PrintWriter out) {
        int n = in.nextInt(), q = in.nextInt();
        int[] arr = in.nextInts(n);

        if (n == 1) {
            out.println(arr[0]);
            return;
        }

        List<Integer> ans = new ArrayList<>();
        boolean lastBig = false;
        if (arr[0] > arr[1]) {
            ans.add(arr[0]);
            lastBig = true;
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < n-1; i++) {
//            System.out.printf("%d %d %d\n", arr[i-1], arr[i], arr[i+1]);
//            System.out.println(lastBig);
            if (lastBig) {
                // look for local min
                if (arr[i] < arr[i-1] && arr[i] < arr[i+1]) {
                    ans.add(arr[i]);
                    lastBig = false;
                }
            } else {
                if (arr[i] > arr[i - 1] && arr[i] > arr[i + 1]) {
                    // local max
                    ans.add(arr[i]);
                    lastBig = true;
                }
            }
        }
        if (!lastBig) {
            insist(arr[n-1] > arr[n-2]);
            ans.add(arr[n-1]);
        }
//        System.err.println(ans);
        boolean pos = true;
        long res = 0;
        for (int i : ans) {
            res += pos ? i : -i;
            pos = !pos;
        }
        out.println(res);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Reader in = null;
        PrintWriter out = null;
        for (String arg : args) {
            if (arg.startsWith("input")) {
                in = new Reader(arg);
            } else if (arg.startsWith("output")) {
                out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(arg));
            }
        }
        if (in == null) in = new Reader();
        if (out == null) out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));

        int tests = in.nextInt();
        for (int t = 0; t < tests; t++) {
            solve(in, out);
        }

        out.flush();
    }

    static class Tester {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            Validator validator = new Validator();

            File currentDir = new File(".");
            long before;
            long after;
            for (File inputFile : Arrays.stream(currentDir.listFiles())
                    .sorted(Comparator.comparing(File::getName))
                    .collect(Collectors.toList())) {
                if (!inputFile.getName().startsWith("input")
                        || inputFile.getName().contains("sight")
                        || inputFile.getName().contains("big")) continue;
                System.out.println("Test file: " + inputFile.getName());

                before = System.nanoTime();
                String outputFileName = "output" + inputFile.getName().substring(5);
                C.main(new String[]{inputFile.getName(), outputFileName});
                after = System.nanoTime();

                File outputFile = new File(outputFileName);
                if (!outputFile.exists()) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Missing output file " + outputFile);
                }

                // TODO if verifier is implemented, remove this
                if (CONSTRUCTIVE) {
                    System.out.println("INPUT:");
                    printFile(inputFile);
                    System.out.printf("\nOUTPUT: (%d milliseconds)\n", (after - before) / 1000000L);
                    printFile(outputFile);
                    continue;
                }

                if (validator.validate(inputFile, outputFile)) {
                    System.out.printf("OK (%d milliseconds)\n", (after - before) / 1000000L);
                } else {
                    System.out.println("FAILED");
                    System.out.println("\nInput: ");
                    printFile(inputFile);
                    System.out.println("\nIncorrect Output: ");
                    printFile(outputFile);
                    return;
                }
            }
            System.out.println("\n-----------------\n");

            File sightTestInput = new File("input-sight");
            if (sightTestInput.exists()) {
                System.out.println("Running sight test... Input:");
                printFile(sightTestInput);
                before = System.nanoTime();
                System.out.println("\nOutput: ");
                C.main(new String[]{"input-sight"});
                after = System.nanoTime();
                System.out.printf("(%d milliseconds)\n", (after - before) / 1000000L);
                System.out.println("\n-----------------\n");
            }

            File bigTestInput = new File("input-big");
            if (bigTestInput.exists()) {
                System.out.println("Running big test...");
                before = System.nanoTime();
                C.main(new String[] {"input-big"});
                after = System.nanoTime();
                System.out.printf("(%d milliseconds)\n", (after - before) / 1000000L);
            }
        }

        static void printFile(File file) throws FileNotFoundException {
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
            reader.lines().forEach(System.out::println);
        }
    }

    static class Validator {
        boolean validate(File inputFile, File outputFile) throws IOException {
            File expectedOutputFile = new File("expected-output" + inputFile.getName().substring(5));
            if (CONSTRUCTIVE || !expectedOutputFile.exists()) {
                return validateManual(inputFile, outputFile);
            }
            return areSame(outputFile, expectedOutputFile);
        }

        private boolean validateManual(File inputFile, File outputFile) throws IOException {
            if (CONSTRUCTIVE) {
                // Validate output against input
                Reader inputReader = new Reader(inputFile.getName());
                Reader outputReader = new Reader(outputFile.getName());

                // TODO implement manual validation

                throw new IllegalStateException("Missing expected output file");
            } else {
                File naiveOutput = new File("naive-" + outputFile.getName());
                Naive.main(new String[]{inputFile.getName(), naiveOutput.getName()});

                return areSame(outputFile, naiveOutput);
            }
        }

        private boolean areSame(File file1, File file2) throws IOException {
            BufferedReader reader1 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file1));
            BufferedReader reader2 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file2));

            String line1;
            while ((line1 = reader1.readLine()) != null) {
                String line2 = reader2.readLine();
                if (line2 == null) line2 = ""; // ok if one has an extra newline
                if (!line1.trim().equals(line2.trim())) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            String line2;
            while ((line2 = reader2.readLine()) != null) {
                if (!line2.trim().isEmpty()) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

    }

    static class Naive {
        public static void solveNaive(Reader in, PrintWriter out) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("missing expected output file");
        }

        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            Reader in = null;
            PrintWriter out = null;
            for (String arg : args) {
                if (arg.startsWith("input")) {
                    in = new Reader(arg);
                } else if (arg.startsWith("naive-output")) {
                    out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(arg));
                }
            }
            if (in == null) in = new Reader();
            if (out == null) out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));

            int tests = in.nextInt();
            for (int t = 0; t < tests; t++) {
                solveNaive(in, out);
            }

            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }
    }

    static long pair(int x, int y) {
        return x * BIG + y;
    }

    static int x(long pair) {
        return (int) (pair / BIG);
    }

    static int y(long pair) {
        return (int) (pair % BIG);
    }

    static void ruffleSort(int[] a) {
        if (rand == null) rand = new Random();
        int n=a.length;
        for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
            int oi=rand.nextInt(n), temp=a[oi];
            a[oi]=a[i]; a[i]=temp;
        }
        Arrays.sort(a);
    }

    static void insist(boolean bool) {
        if (!bool) throw new IllegalStateException();
    }

    static class Reader {
        public BufferedReader reader;
        public StringTokenizer tokenizer;

        public Reader() {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in), 32768);
            tokenizer = null;
        }

        public Reader(String fileName) throws FileNotFoundException {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileName));
        }

        public String next() {
            while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        public int[] nextInts(int n) {
            int[] out = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                out[i] = nextInt();
            }
            return out;
        }

        public long[] nextLongs(int n) {
            long[] out = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                out[i] = nextLong();
            }
            return out;
        }
    }
}