Problem: This is the easy version of the problem. The difference between the versions is that the easy version has no swap operations. You can make hacks only if all versions of the problem are solved.

Pikachu is a cute and friendly pokémon living in the wild pikachu herd.

But it has become known recently that infamous team R wanted to steal all these pokémon! Pokémon trainer Andrew decided to help Pikachu to build a pokémon army to resist.

First, Andrew counted all the pokémon — there were exactly n pikachu. The strength of the i-th pokémon is equal to a_i, and all these numbers are distinct.

As an army, Andrew can choose any non-empty subsequence of pokemons. In other words, Andrew chooses some array b from k indices such that 1 ≤ b_1 < b_2 < ... < b_k ≤ n, and his army will consist of pokémons with forces a_{b_1}, a_{b_2}, ..., a_{b_k}.

The strength of the army is equal to the alternating sum of elements of the subsequence; that is, a_{b_1} - a_{b_2} + a_{b_3} - a_{b_4} + ....

Andrew is experimenting with pokémon order. He performs q operations. In i-th operation Andrew swaps l_i-th and r_i-th pokémon.

Note: q=0 in this version of the task.

Andrew wants to know the maximal stregth of the army he can achieve with the initial pokémon placement. He also needs to know the maximal strength after each operation.

Help Andrew and the pokémon, or team R will realize their tricky plan!

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases.

The first line contains one positive integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 10^3) denoting the number of test cases. Description of the test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains two integers n and q (1 ≤ n ≤ 3 ⋅ 10^5, q = 0) denoting the number of pokémon and number of operations respectively.

The second line contains n distinct positive integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ n) denoting the strengths of the pokémon.

i-th of the last q lines contains two positive integers l_i and r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n) denoting the indices of pokémon that were swapped in the i-th operation.

It is guaranteed that the sum of n over all test cases does not exceed 3 ⋅ 10^5, and the sum of q over all test cases does not exceed 3 ⋅ 10^5. 

Output

For each test case, print q+1 integers: the maximal strength of army before the swaps and after each swap.

Example

Input


3
3 0
1 3 2
2 0
1 2
7 0
1 2 5 4 3 6 7


Output


3
2
9

Note

In third test case we can build an army in such way: [1 2 5 4 3 6 7], its strength will be 5−3+7=9.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:

 //   * * * its fun to do the impossible * * *   //
 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.util.*;
  
 
 public class PokemonArmy {
     static class Pair implements Comparable<Pair>{
         int a;
         int b;
 
         Pair(int a , int b){
             this.a = a;
             this.b = b;
         }
 
         public int compareTo(Pair o){
             return this.a - o.a;
         }
     }
     public static void main(String[] args) {
        FastScanner sc = new FastScanner();
        int t = sc.nextInt();
 
        while(t-->0){
            int n = sc.nextInt();
            int q = sc.nextInt();

            int a[] = new int [n+1];
            for(int i=0 ; i<n ; i++){
                a[i] = sc.nextInt();
            }

            Stack<Integer> st = new Stack<>();

            for(int i=0 ; i<n+1 ; i++){
                if(st.size() == 0){
                    st.add(a[i]);
                    continue;
                }
                if(st.size() % 2 == 0){// to be subtarct
                    if(a[i] > st.peek()){
                        st.add(a[i]);
                    }
                    else{
                        st.pop();
                        st.push(a[i]);
                    }
                }
                else{// to be added
                    if(a[i] > st.peek()){
                        st.pop();
                        st.add(a[i]);
                    }
                    else{
                        st.add(a[i]);
                    }
                }
            }
            long ans = 0;
            while(!st.isEmpty()){
                if(st.size() % 2 == 0){
                    ans -= st.pop();
                }
                else{
                    ans += st.pop();
                }
            }

            System.out.println(ans);
        }
     }
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
     // Use this instead of Arrays.sort() on an array of ints. Arrays.sort() is n^2
     // worst case since it uses a version of quicksort. Although this would never
     // actually show up in the real world, in codeforces, people can hack, so
     // this is needed.
     static void ruffleSort(int[] a) {
         //ruffle
         int n=a.length;
         Random r=new Random();
         for (int i=0; i<a.length; i++) {
             int oi=r.nextInt(n), temp=a[i];
             a[i]=a[oi];
             a[oi]=temp;
         }
         
         //then sort
         Arrays.sort(a);
     }
     
     // Use this to input code since it is faster than a Scanner
     static class FastScanner {
         BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
         StringTokenizer st=new StringTokenizer("");
         String next() {
             while (!st.hasMoreTokens())
                 try {
                     st=new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                 } catch (IOException e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
             return st.nextToken();
         }
         
         int nextInt() {
             return Integer.parseInt(next());
         }
 
         double nextDouble() {
             return Double.parseDouble(next());
         }
  
         String str = "";
  
         String nextLine() {
             try {
                 str = br.readLine();
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
             return str;
         }
  
         int[] readArray(int n) {
             int[] a = new int[n];
             for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                 a[i] = nextInt();
             return a;
         }
  
         long[] readLongArray(int n) {
             long[] a = new long[n];
             for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                 a[i] = nextLong();
             return a;
         }
         long nextLong() {
             return Long.parseLong(next());
         }
     }
     // use this to find the index of any element in the array +1 /// 
     // returns an array that corresponds to the index of the i+1th in the array a[]
     // runs only for array containing different values enclosed btw 0 to n-1
     static int[] indexOf(int[] a) {
         int[] toRet=new int[a.length];
         for (int i=0; i<a.length; i++) {
             toRet[a[i]]=i+1;
         }
         return toRet;
     }
 
     static int gcd(int a, int b) {
         if (b==0) return a;
         return gcd(b, a%b);
     }
 
     //generates all the prime numbers upto n
     static void sieveOfEratosthenes(int n , ArrayList<Integer> al)
     {
         boolean prime[] = new boolean[n + 1];
         for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
             prime[i] = true;
  
         for (int p = 2; p * p <= n; p++) 
         {
             if (prime[p] == true) 
             {
                 for (int i = p * p; i <= n; i += p)
                     prime[i] = false;
             }
         }
         for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++)
         {
             if (prime[i] == true)
                 al.get(i);
         }
     }
     static final int mod=100000000 + 7;
     static final int max_val = 2147483647;
     static final int min_val = max_val + 1;
     
     //fastPow
     static long fastPow(long base, long exp) {
         if (exp==0) return 1;
         long half=fastPow(base, exp/2);
         if (exp%2==0) return mul(half, half);
         return mul(half, mul(half, base));
     }
 
     //multiply two long numbers
     static long mul(long a, long b) {
         return a*b%mod;
     }
 
     static int nCr(int n, int r)
     {
            return fact(n) / (fact(r) *
                 fact(n - r));
     }
     
     // Returns factorial of n
     static int fact(int n)
     {
         int res = 1;
         for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++)
             res = res * i;
         return res;
     }
      
     // to generate the lps array
     // lps means longest preffix that is also a suffix
     static void generateLPS(int lps[] , String p){
         int l = 0;
         int r = 1;
    
         while(l < p.length() && l < r && r < p.length()){
             if(p.charAt(l) == p.charAt(r)){
                 lps[r] = l + 1;
                 l++;
                 r++;
             }
             else{
                 if(l > 0)
                     l = lps[l - 1];
                 else
                     r++;    
             }
         }
     }
      
 
     //count sort --> it runs in O(n) time but compromises in space
     static ArrayList<Integer> countSort(int a[]){
         int max = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
         for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){
             max = Math.max(max , a[i]);
         }
 
         int posfre[] = new int[max+1];
         boolean negPres = false;
         for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){
             if(a[i]>=0){
                 posfre[a[i]]++;
             }
             else{
                 negPres = true;
             }
         }
         ArrayList<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
         if(negPres){
             int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
             for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){
                 min = Math.min(min , a[i]);
             }
 
             int negfre[] = new int[-1*min+1];
             for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++){
                 if(a[i]<0){
                     negfre[-1*a[i]]++;
                 }
             }
 
             for(int i=min;i<0;i++){
                 for(int j=0;j<negfre[-1*i];j++){
                     res.add(i);
                 }
             }
             for(int i=0;i<=max;i++){
                 for(int j=0;j<posfre[i];j++){
                     res.add(i);
                 }
             }
             return res;
         }
         for(int i=0;i<=max;i++){
             for(int j=0;j<posfre[i];j++){
                 res.add(i);
             }
         }
         return res;
     }
 
     // returns the index of the element which is just smaller than or
     // equal to the tar in the given arraylist 
     static int lowBound(ArrayList<Integer> ll , long tar , int l , int r){
         if(l > r) return l;
 
         int mid = l + (r - l) / 2;
 
         if(ll.get(mid) >= tar){
             return lowBound(ll , tar , l , mid - 1);
         }
 
         return lowBound(ll , tar , mid + 1 , r);
     }
 
     // returns the index of the element which is just greater than or
     // equal to the tar in the given arraylist 
     static int upBound(ArrayList<Integer> ll , long tar , int l , int r){
         if(l > r) return l;
 
         int mid = l + (r - l) / 2;
 
         if(ll.get(mid) <= tar){
             return upBound(ll , tar , l , mid - 1);
         }
 
         return upBound(ll , tar , mid + 1 , r);
     }
 
     // a -> z == 97 -> 122
 
     // String.format("%.9f", ans) ,--> to get upto 9 decimal places , (ans is double)
     
     // write 
 }