Problem: This is the easy version of the problem. The difference between the versions is that the easy version has no swap operations. You can make hacks only if all versions of the problem are solved.

Pikachu is a cute and friendly pokémon living in the wild pikachu herd.

But it has become known recently that infamous team R wanted to steal all these pokémon! Pokémon trainer Andrew decided to help Pikachu to build a pokémon army to resist.

First, Andrew counted all the pokémon — there were exactly n pikachu. The strength of the i-th pokémon is equal to a_i, and all these numbers are distinct.

As an army, Andrew can choose any non-empty subsequence of pokemons. In other words, Andrew chooses some array b from k indices such that 1 ≤ b_1 < b_2 < ... < b_k ≤ n, and his army will consist of pokémons with forces a_{b_1}, a_{b_2}, ..., a_{b_k}.

The strength of the army is equal to the alternating sum of elements of the subsequence; that is, a_{b_1} - a_{b_2} + a_{b_3} - a_{b_4} + ....

Andrew is experimenting with pokémon order. He performs q operations. In i-th operation Andrew swaps l_i-th and r_i-th pokémon.

Note: q=0 in this version of the task.

Andrew wants to know the maximal stregth of the army he can achieve with the initial pokémon placement. He also needs to know the maximal strength after each operation.

Help Andrew and the pokémon, or team R will realize their tricky plan!

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases.

The first line contains one positive integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 10^3) denoting the number of test cases. Description of the test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains two integers n and q (1 ≤ n ≤ 3 ⋅ 10^5, q = 0) denoting the number of pokémon and number of operations respectively.

The second line contains n distinct positive integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ n) denoting the strengths of the pokémon.

i-th of the last q lines contains two positive integers l_i and r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n) denoting the indices of pokémon that were swapped in the i-th operation.

It is guaranteed that the sum of n over all test cases does not exceed 3 ⋅ 10^5, and the sum of q over all test cases does not exceed 3 ⋅ 10^5. 

Output

For each test case, print q+1 integers: the maximal strength of army before the swaps and after each swap.

Example

Input


3
3 0
1 3 2
2 0
1 2
7 0
1 2 5 4 3 6 7


Output


3
2
9

Note

In third test case we can build an army in such way: [1 2 5 4 3 6 7], its strength will be 5−3+7=9.

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
// Don't place your source in a package
import java.util.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.math.*; 
 
// Please name your class Main
public class Main {
	
	static StreamTokenizer in = new StreamTokenizer(new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)));
    
 
    static int read() throws IOException {
        in.nextToken();
        return (int) in.nval;
    }
    static String readString() throws IOException {
        in.nextToken();
        return in.sval;
	}
	
	
	public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception {
	    Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		//InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);
 
		
		int T=in.nextInt();
		for(int t=0;t<T;t++){
			int n=in.nextInt();
			int q=in.nextInt();
			int A[]=new int[n];
			List<int[]>query=new LinkedList<>();
			for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
				A[i]=in.nextInt();
			}
			
			for(int i=0;i<q;i++){
				int l=in.nextInt()-1;
				int r=in.nextInt()-1;
				query.add(new int[]{l,r});
			}
			
			Solution sol=new Solution();
			sol.solution(A,query,out);
	
		}
		
 
	
 
		out.flush();
	}
 
}
 
class Solution{
	//constant variable
	final int MAX=Integer.MAX_VALUE;
	final int MIN=Integer.MIN_VALUE;
	//Set<Integer>adjecent[];
	//////////////////////////////
	
	

	public void solution(int A[],List<int[]>query,PrintWriter out){

		long res=0;
		//Like a mountain
		for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++){
			if(i==0)res+=Math.max(0,A[i]);
			else res+=Math.max(0,A[i]-A[i-1]);

		}
		out.println(res+"");
		
		for(int pair[]:query){
			if(A.length==1){
				out.println(res+"");
				continue;
			}
			
			int l=pair[0];
			int r=pair[1];
			
			if(l==r){
				out.println(res+"");
				continue;
			}
			
			//max(0,A[l]-A[l-1])  l!=0
			//max(0,A[l+1]-A[l])
			
			//max(0,A[r]-A[r-1])
			//max(0,A[r+1]-A[r])  r!=A.length
			
			res-=Math.max(0,A[l+1]-A[l]);
			if(l!=0){
				res-=Math.max(0,A[l]-A[l-1]);
			}else{
				res-=A[l];
			}
			
			if(r-l!=1)res-=Math.max(0,A[r]-A[r-1]);
			
			if(r!=A.length-1){
				res-=Math.max(0,A[r+1]-A[r]);
			}else{
				
			}
			
			//msg("minus: "+res);
			swap(A,l,r);
			
			
			res+=Math.max(0,A[l+1]-A[l]);
			if(r-l!=1) res+=Math.max(0,A[r]-A[r-1]);
			
			if(l==0){
				res+=A[l];
			}else{
				res+=Math.max(0,A[l]-A[l-1]);
			}
			
			if(r==A.length-1){
				
			}else{
				res+=Math.max(0,A[r+1]-A[r]);
			}
			
			
			out.println(res+"");
		}
		
	}
	
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	public void swap(int A[],int l,int r){
		int t=A[l];
		A[l]=A[r];
		A[r]=t;
	}
	
	
	public long C(long fact[],int i,int j){ // C(20,3)=20!/(17!*3!)
		// take   a/b     where a=20!  b=17!*3!
		if(j>i)return 0;
		if(j==0)return 1;
		long mod=998244353;
		long a=fact[i];
		long b=((fact[i-j]%mod)*(fact[j]%mod))%mod;
		BigInteger B= BigInteger.valueOf(b);
		long binverse=B.modInverse(BigInteger.valueOf(mod)).longValue();
		return ((a)*(binverse%mod))%mod;
	}
	
	 
	
	//map operation
	public void put(Map<Integer,Integer>map,int i){
		if(!map.containsKey(i))map.put(i,0);
		map.put(i,map.get(i)+1);
	}
	
	public void delete(Map<Integer,Integer>map,int i){
		map.put(i,map.get(i)-1);
		if(map.get(i)==0)map.remove(i);
	}
 
 

	
 
	
 
 
	/*public void tarjan(int p,int r){
		if(cut)return;
		List<Integer>childs=adjecent[r];
		dis[r]=low[r]=time;
		time++;
		
		//core for tarjan
		int son=0;
		for(int c:childs){
			if(ban==c||c==p)continue;
			if(dis[c]==-1){
				son++;
				tarjan(r,c);
				low[r]=Math.min(low[r],low[c]);
				if((r==root&&son>1)||(low[c]>=dis[r]&&r!=root)){
					cut=true;
					return;
				}
			}else{
				if(c!=p){
					low[r]=Math.min(low[r],dis[c]);
				}
			}
		}
		
	}*/
	
	
 
	
	
		
	
	//helper function I would use
	public void remove(Map<Integer,Integer>map,int i){
		map.put(i,map.get(i)-1);
		if(map.get(i)==0)map.remove(i);
	}
	
	
	
	public void ascii(String s){
		for(char c:s.toCharArray()){
			System.out.print((c-'a')+" ");
		}
		msg("");
	}
	
	public int flip(int i){
		if(i==0)return 1;
		else return 0;
	}
	
	public boolean[] primes(int n){
		boolean A[]=new boolean[n+1];
		for(int i=2;i<=n;i++){
			if(A[i]==false){
				for(int j=i+i;j<=n;j+=i){
					A[j]=true;
				}
			}
		}
		return A;
	}
	
	public void msg(String s){
		System.out.println(s);
	}
	
	public void msg1(String s){
		System.out.print(s);
	}
	
	public int[] kmpPre(String p){
		int pre[]=new int[p.length()];
		int l=0,r=1;
		while(r<p.length()){
			if(p.charAt(l)==p.charAt(r)){
				pre[r]=l+1;
				l++;r++;
			}else{
				if(l==0)r++;
				else l=pre[l-1];
			}
		}
		return pre;
	}
	
	public boolean isP(String s){
		int l=0,r=s.length()-1;
		while(l<r){
			if(s.charAt(l)!=s.charAt(r))return false;
			l++;r--;
		}
		return true;
	}
	
	public int find(int nums[],int x){//union find => find method
		if(nums[x]==x)return x;
		int root=find(nums,nums[x]);
		nums[x]=root;
		return root;
	}
	
	public boolean check(int grid[][],int r,int c){
		if(r<0||c<0||r>=grid.length||c>=grid[0].length)return false;
		return true;
	}
	
	public int get(int A[],int i){
		if(i<0||i>=A.length)return 0;
		return A[i];
	}
	public int[] copy1(int A[]){
		int a[]=new int[A.length];
		for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)a[i]=A[i];
		return a;
	}
	
	public int[] copy2(int A[]){
		int a[]=new int[A.length];
		for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)a[i]=A[i];
		return a;
	}
	
	
	public void print1(int A[]){
		for(long i:A)System.out.print(i+" ");
		System.out.println();
	}
	public void print2(long A[][]){
		for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++){
			for(int j=0;j<A[0].length;j++){
				System.out.print(A[i][j]+" ");
			}System.out.println();
		}
	}
	
	public int min(int a,int b){
		return Math.min(a,b);
	}
	
	
	public int[][] matrixdp(int[][] grid) {
        if(grid.length==0)return new int[][]{};
        int res[][]=new int[grid.length][grid[0].length];
        for(int i=0;i<grid.length;i++){
            for(int j=0;j<grid[0].length;j++){
                res[i][j]=grid[i][j]+get(res,i-1,j)+get(res,i,j-1)-get(res,i-1,j-1);
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
    
    public int get(int grid[][],int i,int j){
        if(i<0||j<0||i>=grid.length||j>=grid[0].length)return 0;
        return grid[i][j];
    }
	
	public int[] suffixArray(String s){
		int n=s.length();
		Suffix A[]=new Suffix[n];
		
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			A[i]=new Suffix(i,s.charAt(i)-'a',0);
		}
		
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			if(i==n-1){
				A[i].next=-1;
			}else{
				A[i].next=A[i+1].rank;
			}
		}
		Arrays.sort(A);
		
		for(int len=4;len<A.length*2;len<<=1){
			int in[]=new int[A.length];
			int rank=0;
			int pre=A[0].rank;
			A[0].rank=rank;
			in[A[0].index]=0;
			for(int i=1;i<A.length;i++){//rank for the first two letter
				if(A[i].rank==pre&&A[i].next==A[i-1].next){
					pre=A[i].rank;
					A[i].rank=rank;
				}else{
					pre=A[i].rank;
					A[i].rank=++rank;
				}
				in[A[i].index]=i;
			}
			
			for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++){
				int next=A[i].index+len/2;
				if(next>=A.length){
					A[i].next=-1;
				}else{
					A[i].next=A[in[next]].rank;
				}
			}
			
			
			Arrays.sort(A);
		}
		
		
		int su[]=new int[A.length];
		for(int i=0;i<su.length;i++){
			su[i]=A[i].index;
		}
		return su;
	}
	
}
 
//suffix array Struct
class Suffix implements Comparable<Suffix>{
	int index;
	int rank;
	int next;
	public Suffix(int i,int rank,int next){
		this.index=i;
		this.rank=rank;
		this.next=next;
	}
	
	@Override
	public int compareTo(Suffix other) {
		if(this.rank==other.rank){
			return this.next-other.next;
		}
		return this.rank-other.rank;
	}
	
	public String toString(){
		return this.index+"   "+this.rank+"   "+this.next+"  ";
	}
}
 
 
 
class Wrapper implements Comparable<Wrapper>{
	int spf;int cnt;
	public Wrapper(int spf,int cnt){
		this.spf=spf;
		this.cnt=cnt;
	}
		
	@Override
	public int compareTo(Wrapper other) {
		return this.spf-other.spf;
	}
}
 
 
 
    class Node{//what the range would be for that particular node
		boolean state=false;
        int l=0,r=0;
		int ll=0,rr=0;
        public Node(boolean state){
            this.state=state;
        }
    }
	
	
	
	
	class Seg1{
			int A[];
			public Seg1(int A[]){
				this.A=A;
			}
			
			public void update(int left,int right,int val,int s,int e,int id){
				if(left<0||right<0||left>right)return;
				if(left==s&&right==e){
					
					A[id]+=val;
					return;
				}
				int mid=s+(e-s)/2; //[s,mid] [mid+1,e]
				
				if(left>=mid+1){
					update(left,right,val,mid+1,e,id*2+2);
				}else if(right<=mid){
					update(left,right,val,s,mid,id*2+1);
				}else{
					update(left,mid,val,s,mid,id*2+1);
					update(mid+1,right,val,mid+1,e,id*2+2);
				}
			}
			
			public int query(int i,int add,int s,int e,int id){
				
				if(s==e&&i==s){
					return A[id]+add;
				}
				
				int mid=s+(e-s)/2; //[s,mid] [mid+1,e]
				
				if(i>=mid+1){
					return query(i,A[id]+add,mid+1,e,id*2+2);
				}else{
					return query(i,A[id]+add,s,mid,id*2+1);
				}
			}
	}