Problem: The length of the longest common prefix of two strings s = s_1 s_2 … s_n and t = t_1 t_2 … t_m is defined as the maximum integer k (0 ≤ k ≤ min(n,m)) such that s_1 s_2 … s_k equals t_1 t_2 … t_k.

Koa the Koala initially has n+1 strings s_1, s_2, ..., s_{n+1}.

For each i (1 ≤ i ≤ n) she calculated a_i — the length of the longest common prefix of s_i and s_{i+1}.

Several days later Koa found these numbers, but she couldn't remember the strings.

So Koa would like to find some strings s_1, s_2, ..., s_{n+1} which would have generated numbers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n. Can you help her?

If there are many answers print any. We can show that answer always exists for the given constraints. 

Input

Each test contains multiple test cases. The first line contains t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of test cases. Description of the test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100) — the number of elements in the list a.

The second line of each test case contains n integers a_1, a_2, …, a_n (0 ≤ a_i ≤ 50) — the elements of a.

It is guaranteed that the sum of n over all test cases does not exceed 100.

Output

For each test case:

Output n+1 lines. In the i-th line print string s_i (1 ≤ |s_i| ≤ 200), consisting of lowercase Latin letters. Length of the longest common prefix of strings s_i and s_{i+1} has to be equal to a_i.

If there are many answers print any. We can show that answer always exists for the given constraints.

Example

Input


4
4
1 2 4 2
2
5 3
3
1 3 1
3
0 0 0


Output


aeren
ari
arousal
around
ari
monogon
monogamy
monthly
kevinvu
kuroni
kurioni
korone
anton
loves
adhoc
problems

Note

In the 1-st test case one of the possible answers is s = [aeren, ari, arousal, around, ari].

Lengths of longest common prefixes are:

  * Between \color{red}{a}eren and \color{red}{a}ri → 1 
  * Between \color{red}{ar}i and \color{red}{ar}ousal → 2 
  * Between \color{red}{arou}sal and \color{red}{arou}nd → 4 
  * Between \color{red}{ar}ound and \color{red}{ar}i → 2 

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.util.*;

import org.ietf.jgss.GSSManager;

import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Member;

   public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    	int t=sc.nextInt();
    	while(t-->0) {
    		int n=sc.nextInt();
    		int[]a=sc.nextIntArray(n);
    		char[][]ans=new char[n+1][55];
    		Arrays.fill(ans[0], 'a');
    		for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) {
    			for(int j=0;j<55;j++) {
    				if(j<a[i-1]) {
    					ans[i][j]=ans[i-1][j];
    				}else {
    					ans[i][j]=(char)('a'+(ans[i-1][j]-'a'+1)%26);
					}
    			}
    		}
    		for(int i=0;i<=n;i++) {
    			for(int j=0;j<55;j++) {
    				pw.print(ans[i][j]);
    			}
    			pw.println();
    		}
    	}
    	
    	
    	
       pw.close();
    }
    

//    public static class SegmentTree {		// 1-based DS, OOP
//    	
//    	int N; 			//the number of elements in the array as a power of 2 (i.e. after padding)
//    	long[] array ;
//    	long[] sTree;
//    	long[] lazy;
//    	
//    	SegmentTree(long[] a)		
//    	{
//    		
//    		int nn = a.length;
//    		int NN = 1; while(NN < nn) NN <<= 1; //padding
//    		
//    		long[] in = new long[NN + 1];
//    		for(int i = 1; i <= nn; i++)
//    			in[i] = a[i-1];
//    		
//    		array = in;
//    		N = in.length - 1;
//    		sTree = new long[N<<1];		//no. of nodes = 2*N - 1, we add one to cross out index zero
//    		lazy = new long[N<<1];
//    		build(1,1,N);
//    	}
//    	SegmentTree(int[] a)		
//    	{
//    		
//    		int nn = a.length;
//    		int NN = 1; while(NN < nn) NN <<= 1; //padding
//    		
//    		long[] in = new long[NN + 1];
//    		
//    		for(int i = 1; i <= nn; i++)
//    			in[i] = a[i-1];
//    		
//    		array = in;
//    		N = in.length - 1;
//    		sTree = new long[N<<1];		//no. of nodes = 2*N - 1, we add one to cross out index zero
//    		
//    		lazy = new long[N<<1];
//    		
//    		build(1,1,N);
//    	}
//    	
//    	void build(int node, int b, int e)	// O(n)
//    	{
//    		if(b == e)		{			
//    			sTree[node] = array[b];
//    		 
//    		}
//    		else						
//    		{
//    			int mid = b + e >> 1;
//    			build(node<<1,b,mid);
//    			build(node<<1|1,mid+1,e);
//    			sTree[node] = sTree[node<<1]+sTree[node<<1|1];
//    			
//    		
//    		}
//    	}
//    	
//    	
//    	void update_point(int index, long val)			// O(log n)
//    	{
//    		index += N;				
//    		sTree[index] = val;			
//    		while(index>1)				
//    		{
//    			index >>= 1;
//    			sTree[index] = sTree[index<<1] + sTree[index<<1|1];	
//    				
//    		}
//    	}
//    	
//    	
//    	void update_range(int i, int j, long val)		// O(log n) 
//    	{
//    		update_range(1,1,N,i,j,val);
//    	}
//    	
//    	void update_range(int node, int b, int e, int i, int j, long val)
//    	{
//    		if(i > e || j < b)		
//    			return;
//    		if(b >= i && e <= j)		
//    		{
//    			sTree[node] += (e-b+1)*val;			
//    			lazy[node] += val;				
//    		}							
//    		else		
//    		{
//    			int mid = b + e >> 1;
//    			propagate(node, b, mid, e);
//    			update_range(node<<1,b,mid,i,j,val);
//    			update_range(node<<1|1,mid+1,e,i,j,val);
//    			sTree[node] = sTree[node<<1] + sTree[node<<1|1];		
//    		}
//    		
//    	}
//    	void propagate(int node, int b, int mid, int e)		
//    	{
//    		lazy[node<<1] += lazy[node];
//    		lazy[node<<1|1] += lazy[node];
//    		sTree[node<<1] += (mid-b+1)*lazy[node];		
//    		sTree[node<<1|1] += (e-mid)*lazy[node];		
//    		lazy[node] = 0;
//    	}
//    	
//    	long query(int i, int j)
//    	{
//    		return query(1,1,N,i+1,j+1);
//    	}
//    	
//    	long query(int node, int b, int e, int i, int j)	// O(log n)
//    	{
//    		if(i>e || j <b)
//    			return 0;		
//    		if(b>= i && e <= j)
//    			return sTree[node];
//    		int mid = b + e >> 1;
//    		propagate(node, b, mid, e);
//    		long q1 = query(node<<1,b,mid,i,j);
//    		long q2 = query(node<<1|1,mid+1,e,i,j);
//    		return q1 + q2;	
//    	   
//    				
//    	}
//    	
//    	
//    	
//    	
//    }
	static class Scanner {
		StringTokenizer st;
		BufferedReader br;
 
		public Scanner(InputStream s) {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s));
		}
 
		public Scanner(FileReader r) {
			br = new BufferedReader(r);
		}
 
		public String next() throws IOException {
			while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens())
				st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
			return st.nextToken();
		}
 
		public int nextInt() throws IOException {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}
 
		public long nextLong() throws IOException {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}
 
		public String nextLine() throws IOException {
			return br.readLine();
		}
 
		public double nextDouble() throws IOException {
			String x = next();
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("0");
			double res = 0, f = 1;
			boolean dec = false, neg = false;
			int start = 0;
			if (x.charAt(0) == '-') {
				neg = true;
				start++;
			}
			for (int i = start; i < x.length(); i++)
				if (x.charAt(i) == '.') {
					res = Long.parseLong(sb.toString());
					sb = new StringBuilder("0");
					dec = true;
				} else {
					sb.append(x.charAt(i));
					if (dec)
						f *= 10;
				}
			res += Long.parseLong(sb.toString()) / f;
			return res * (neg ? -1 : 1);
		}
		public long[] nextlongArray(int n) throws IOException {
            long[] a = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextLong();
            return a;
        }
		public Long[] nextLongArray(int n) throws IOException {
            Long[] a = new Long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextLong();
            return a;
        }
		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) throws IOException {
            int[] a = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextInt();
            return a;
        }
		public Integer[] nextIntegerArray(int n) throws IOException {
            Integer[] a = new Integer[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = nextInt();
            return a;
        }
		public boolean ready() throws IOException {
			return br.ready();
		}
 
	}
 
	static class pair implements Comparable<pair> {
		long x;
		long y;
 
		public pair(long x, long y) {
			this.x = x;
			this.y = y;
		}
 
		public String toString() {
			return x + " " + y;
		}
		public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if (o instanceof pair) {
                pair p = (pair)o;
                return p.x == x && p.y == y;
            }
            return false;
        }
        public int hashCode() {
            return new Double(x).hashCode() * 31 + new Double(y).hashCode();
        }
        public int compareTo(pair other) {
        	if(this.x==other.x) {
        		return Long.compare(this.y, other.y);
        	}
			return Long.compare(this.x, other.x);
		}
	}
 
	static class tuble implements Comparable<tuble> {
		int x;
		int y;
		int z;
 
		public tuble(int x, int y, int z) {
			this.x = x;
			this.y = y;
			this.z = z;
		}
 
		public String toString() {
			return x + " " + y + " " + z;
		}
 
		public int compareTo(tuble other) {
			if (this.x == other.x) {
				if(this.y==other.y) {
					return this.z - other.z;
				}
				return this.y - other.y;
			} else {
				return this.x - other.x;
			}
		}
	}
 
	public static long GCD(long a, long b) {
		if (b == 0)
			return a;
		if (a == 0)
			return b;
		return (a > b) ? GCD(a % b, b) : GCD(a, b % a);
	}
 
	public static long LCM(long a, long b) {
		return a * b / GCD(a, b);
	}
 
	static long Pow(long a, long e, long mod) // O(log e)
	{
		a %= mod;
		long res = 1l;
		while (e > 0) {
			if ((e & 1) == 1)
				res = (res * a) % mod;
			a = (a * a) % mod;
			e >>= 1l;
		}
		return res;
	}
   public static long modinverse(long a,long mod) {
	   return Pow(a, mod-2, mod);
   }
	static long nc(int n, int r) {
		if (n < r)
			return 0;
		long v = fac[n];
		v *= Pow(fac[r], mod - 2, mod);
		v %= mod;
		v *= Pow(fac[n - r], mod - 2, mod);
		v %= mod;
		return v;
	}
	static long np(int n,int r) {
		return (nc(n, r)*fac[r])%mod;
	}
	public static boolean isprime(long a) {
		if (a == 0 || a == 1) {
			return false;
		}
		if (a == 2) {
			return true;
		}
		for (int i = 2; i < Math.sqrt(a) + 1; i++) {
			if (a % i == 0) {
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}
 
	public static boolean isPal(String s) {
		boolean t = true;
		for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
			if (s.charAt(i) != s.charAt(s.length() - 1 - i)) {
				t = false;
				break;
			}
		}
		return t;
	}
 
	public static long RandomPick(long[] a) {
		int n = a.length;
		int r = rn.nextInt(n);
		return a[r];
	}
 
	public static int RandomPick(int[] a) {
		int n = a.length;
		int r = rn.nextInt(n);
		return a[r];
	}
 static class hash {
	 int[]HashsArray;
	 boolean reverse;
	 int prelen;
	public  hash(String s, boolean r) {
		prelen = s.length();
		reverse=r;
		HashsArray = new int[prelen + 1];
		if (HashsArrayInd == 0) {
			int[] mods = { 1173017693, 1173038827, 1173069731, 1173086977, 1173089783, 1173092147, 1173107093,
					1173114391, 1173132347, 1173144367, 1173150103, 1173152611, 1173163993, 1173174127, 1173204679,
					1173237343, 1173252107, 1173253331, 1173255653, 1173260183, 1173262943, 1173265439, 1173279091,
					1173285331, 1173286771, 1173288593, 1173298123, 1173302129, 1173308827, 1173310451, 1173312383,
					1173313571, 1173324371, 1173361529, 1173385729, 1173387217, 1173387361, 1173420799, 1173421499,
					1173423077, 1173428083, 1173442159, 1173445549, 1173451681, 1173453299, 1173454729, 1173458401,
					1173459491, 1173464177, 1173468943, 1173470041, 1173477947, 1173500677, 1173507869, 1173522919,
					1173537359, 1173605003, 1173610253, 1173632671, 1173653623, 1173665447, 1173675577, 1173675787,
					1173684683, 1173691109, 1173696907, 1173705257, 1173705523, 1173725389, 1173727601, 1173741953,
					1173747577, 1173751499, 1173759449, 1173760943, 1173761429, 1173762509, 1173769939, 1173771233,
					1173778937, 1173784637, 1173793289, 1173799607, 1173802823, 1173808003, 1173810919, 1173818311,
					1173819293, 1173828167, 1173846677, 1173848941, 1173853249, 1173858341, 1173891613, 1173894053,
					1173908039, 1173909203, 1173961541, 1173968989, 1173999193};
			mod = RandomPick(mods);
			int[] primes = { 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101 };
			prime = RandomPick(primes);
			prepow = new int[1000010];
			prepow[0] = 1;
			for (int i = 1; i < 1000010; i++) {
				prepow[i] = (int) ((1l * prepow[i - 1] * prime) % mod);
				
			}
		}
		if (!reverse) {
 
			for (int i = 0; i < prelen; i++) {
				if (s.charAt(i) >= 'a' && s.charAt(i) <= 'z')
					HashsArray[i + 1] = (int) ((1l * HashsArray[i]
							+ ((1l * s.charAt(i) - 'a' + 1) *prepow[i]) % mod) % mod);
				else
					HashsArray[i + 1] = (int) ((1l * HashsArray[i]
							+ ((1l * s.charAt(i) - 'A' + 27) * prepow[i]) % mod) % mod);
			}
 
		} else {
			
			for (int i = 0; i < prelen; i++) {
				if (s.charAt(i) >= 'a' && s.charAt(i) <= 'z')
					HashsArray[i + 1] = (int) ((1l * HashsArray[i]
							+ ((1l * s.charAt(i) - 'a' + 1) * prepow[1000010 - 1 - i]) % mod) % mod);
				else
					HashsArray[i + 1] = (int) ((1l * HashsArray[i]
							+ ((1l * s.charAt(i) - 'A' + 27) * prepow[1000010 - 1 - i]) % mod) % mod);
			}
 
		}
 
		HashsArrayInd++;
 
	}
 
	public int PHV(int l, int r) {
		if (l > r) {
			return 0;
		}
		int val = (int) ((1l * HashsArray[r] + mod - HashsArray[l - 1]) % mod);
		if (!reverse) {
 
//			val = (int) ((1l * val *  modinverse(prepow[l-1], mod)) % mod);
			val = (int) ((1l * val * prepow[1000010 - l]) % mod);
		} else {
//			val = (int) ((1l * val * modinverse(prepow[prelen-r], mod)) % mod);
			
			val = (int) ((1l * val * prepow[r - 1]) % mod);
		}
		return val;
	}
 }
    public static void genprime(int n) {
    	 boolean prime[] = new boolean[n+1]; 
         for(int i=0;i<n;i++) 
             prime[i] = true; 
           
         for(int p = 2; p*p <=n; p++) 
         { 
             if(prime[p] == true) 
             { 
                 for(int i = p*p; i <= n; i += p) 
                     prime[i] = false; 
             } 
         } 
         for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++) 
         { 
             if(prime[i] == true) {
                primes.put(i,primes.size());
                primes2.put(primes2.size(),i);
             }
             
         }
    }
   
   
    public static long LSB(long x) {
		return x&-x;
	}
	static class fenwick {
		long[] arr;
		public fenwick(PriorityQueue<Integer> a) {
			PriorityQueue<Integer>q=new PriorityQueue<Integer>(a);
			arr=new long[a.size()+1];
			int i=1;
			while(!q.isEmpty()) {
				int z=q.poll();
				arr[i]+=z;
				if(i+LSB(i)<=a.size()) {
					arr[(int) (i+LSB(i))]+=arr[i];
				}
				i++;
			}
		}
		public fenwick(TreeSet<Integer> a) {
			arr=new long[a.size()+1];
			int i=1;
			for(int h:a) {
				arr[i]+=h;
				if(i+LSB(i)<=a.size()) {
					arr[(int) (i+LSB(i))]+=arr[i];
				}
				i++;
			}
		}
		public fenwick(Integer a) {
			arr=new long[a];
			
		}
		public fenwick(Integer[] a) {
			arr=new long[a.length+1];
			for(int i=1;i<=a.length;i++) {
				arr[i]+=a[i-1];
				if(i+LSB(i)<=a.length) {
					arr[(int) (i+LSB(i))]+=arr[i];
				}
			}
		}
		public fenwick(int[] a) {
			arr=new long[a.length+1];
			for(int i=1;i<=a.length;i++) {
				arr[i]+=a[i-1];
				if(i+LSB(i)<=a.length) {
					arr[(int) (i+LSB(i))]+=arr[i];
				}
			}
		}public fenwick(long[] a) {
			arr=new long[a.length+1];
			for(int i=1;i<=a.length;i++) {
				arr[i]+=a[i];
				if(i+LSB(i)<=a.length) {
					arr[(int) (i+LSB(i))]+=arr[i];
				}
			}
		}
		public void update(int ind,long x) {
			int i=ind;
			while(i<arr.length) {
				arr[i]+=x;
				i+=LSB(i);
			}
		}
		public long PrefixSum(int ind) {
			long sum=0;
			int i=ind;
			while(i>0) {
				sum+=arr[i];
				i=(int) (i-LSB(i));
			}
			return sum;
		}
		public long RangeQuerey(int l,int r) {
			return  this.PrefixSum(r+1)-this.PrefixSum(l);
		}
		public long maxConsecutiveValue(int k) {
			long max=Long.MIN_VALUE;
			for(int i=k-1;i<arr.length-1;i++) {
				
				max= Math.max(max,  this.RangeQuerey(i-k+1, i));
				
			}
			return max;
		}
		public long minConsecutiveValue(int k) {
			long min=Long.MAX_VALUE;
			
			for(int i=k-1;i<arr.length-1;i++) {
				
				min= Math.min(min,  this.RangeQuerey(i-k+1, i));
				
			}
			return min;
		}
		public long value(int ind) {
			return arr[ind];
		}
	}
	static void sieveLinear(int N)
	{
		ArrayList<Integer> primes = new ArrayList<Integer>();
		lp = new int[N + 1];								//lp[i] = least prime divisor of i
		for(int i = 2; i <= N; ++i)
		{
			if(lp[i] == 0)
			{
				primes.add(i);
				lp[i] = i;
			}
			int curLP = lp[i];
			for(int p: primes)//all primes smaller than or equal my lowest prime divisor
				if(p > curLP || p * 1l * i > N)
					break;
				else
					lp[p * i] = p;
		}
	}
	public static void primefactorization(int n) {
		int x=n;
	while(x>1) {
		int lowestDivisor=lp[x];
		while(x%lowestDivisor==0) {
			primefactors.add(lowestDivisor);
			x/=lowestDivisor;
		}
	}
	}
	public static class SuffixArray {

		int[] SA;
		int[] AS;
		String SS;
		public SuffixArray(String S)					//has a terminating character (e.g. '$')
		{
			SS=S;
			char[] s=new char[S.length()+1];
			for(int i=0;i<S.length();i++) {
				s[i]=S.charAt(i);
			}
			s[S.length()]='$';
			int n = s.length, RA[] = new int[n];
			SA = new int[n];
			
			for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { RA[i] = s[i]; SA[i] = i; }
			
			for(int k = 1; k < n; k <<= 1)
			{
				sort(SA, RA, n, k);
				sort(SA, RA, n, 0);
				int[] tmp = new int[n];

				for(int i = 1, r = 0, s1 = SA[0], s2; i < n; ++i)
				{
					s2 = SA[i];
					tmp[s2] = RA[s1] == RA[s2] && RA[s1 + k] == RA[s2 + k] ? r : ++r;
					s1 = s2;
				}
				for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
					RA[i] = tmp[i];
				
				if(RA[SA[n-1]] == n - 1)
					break;
			}
			AS=new int[SA.length];
			for(int i=0;i<SA.length;i++) {
				AS[SA[i]]=i;
			}
		}
		public String toString() {
			
			return Arrays.toString(SA);
		}
		public int get(int n) {
			return SA[n];
		}
		public int Substring(String s) {  // log(n)*|s|
			int low=0;
			int high=SA.length;
			int mid=(low+high)/2;
			int ind=-1;
			
			while(low<high-1) {
				
				if(SS.length()-SA[mid]<s.length()) {
				
					boolean less=false;
					for(int i=SA[mid];i<SS.length();i++) {
						if(SS.charAt(i)>s.charAt(i-SA[mid])) {
							less=true;
							break;
						}
						if(SS.charAt(i)<s.charAt(i-SA[mid])) {
							less=false;
							break;
						}
					}
					if(!less) {
						low=mid;
					}else {
						high=mid;
					}
				}else {
					boolean less=true;
					boolean equal=true;
					for(int i=SA[mid];i<SA[mid]+s.length();i++) {
						if(SS.charAt(i)<s.charAt(i-SA[mid])&&equal) {
							less=false;
							equal=false;
							break;
						}
						if(SS.charAt(i)!=s.charAt(i-SA[mid])){
							equal=false;
						}
					}
					if(equal) {
						ind=SA[mid];
					}
					if(!less) {
						low=mid;
					}else {
						high=mid;
					}
				}
				
				
				mid=(low+high)/2;
			}
			return ind;
		}
		public int LastSubstring(String s) {  // log(n)*|s|
			int low=0;
			int high=SA.length;
			int mid=(low+high)/2;
			int ind=-1;
			
			while(low<high-1) {
				
				if(SS.length()-SA[mid]<s.length()) {
				
					boolean less=true;
					for(int i=SA[mid];i<SS.length();i++) {
						if(SS.charAt(i)<s.charAt(i-SA[mid])) {
							break;
						}
						if(SS.charAt(i)>s.charAt(i-SA[mid])) {
							less=false;
							break;
						}
					}
					if(less) {
						low=mid;
					}else {
						high=mid;
					}
				}else {
					boolean less=true;
					boolean equal=true;
					for(int i=SA[mid];i<SA[mid]+s.length();i++) {
						if(SS.charAt(i)>s.charAt(i-SA[mid])&&equal) {
							less=false;
							equal=false;
							break;
						}
						if(SS.charAt(i)!=s.charAt(i-SA[mid])){
							equal=false;
						}
					}
					if(equal) {
						ind=SA[mid];
					}
					if(less) {
						low=mid;
					}else {
						high=mid;
					}
				}
				
				
				mid=(low+high)/2;
			}
			return ind;
		}
		public int CountSubstring(String s) {
			int z=LastSubstring(s);
			if(z==-1)
				return 0;
			return AS[z]-AS[Substring(s)]+1;
		}
		public void sort(int[] SA, int[] RA, int n, int k)
		{
			int maxi = Math.max(256, n), c[] = new int[maxi];  
			for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
				c[i + k < n ? RA[i + k] : 0]++;
			for(int i = 0, sum = 0; i < maxi; ++i)
			{
				int t = c[i];
				c[i] = sum;
				sum += t;
			}
			int[] tmp = new int[n];
			for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
			{
				int j = SA[i] + k;
				tmp[c[j < n ? RA[j] : 0]++] = SA[i];
			}
			
			for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
				SA[i] = tmp[i];
		}
	}
	  public static class UnionFind {                                              
	    	int[] p, rank, setSize;
	    	int numSets;

	    	public UnionFind(int N) 
	    	{
	    		p = new int[numSets = N];
	    		rank = new int[N];
	    		setSize = new int[N];
	    		for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {  p[i] = i; setSize[i] = 1; }
	    	}

	    	public int findSet(int i) { return p[i] == i ? i : (p[i] = findSet(p[i])); }

	    	public boolean isSameSet(int i, int j) { return findSet(i) == findSet(j); }

	    	public void unionSet(int i, int j) 
	    	{ 
	    		if (isSameSet(i, j)) 
	    			return;
	    		numSets--; 
	    		int x = findSet(i), y = findSet(j);
	    		if(rank[x] > rank[y]) { p[y] = x; setSize[x] += setSize[y]; }
	    		else
	    		{	p[x] = y; setSize[y] += setSize[x];
	    			if(rank[x] == rank[y]) rank[y]++; 
	    		} 
	    	}

	    	public int numDisjointSets() { return numSets; }

	    	public int sizeOfSet(int i) { return setSize[findSet(i)]; }
	    }
	static LinkedList<Integer>primefactors=new LinkedList<>();
	static TreeMap<Integer,Integer>primes=new TreeMap<Integer, Integer>();
	static TreeMap<Integer,Integer>primes2=new TreeMap<Integer, Integer>();
	static int[]lp;
    
	
	static int HashsArrayInd = 0;
	static int[] prepow;
	static int prime = 61;
	static long fac[];
	static int mod = 1000000007;
	static Random rn = new Random();
	static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
	static PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
}