Problem: Ilya got tired of sports programming, left university and got a job in the subway. He was given the task to determine the escalator load factor. 

Let's assume that n people stand in the queue for the escalator. At each second one of the two following possibilities takes place: either the first person in the queue enters the escalator with probability p, or the first person in the queue doesn't move with probability (1 - p), paralyzed by his fear of escalators and making the whole queue wait behind him.

Formally speaking, the i-th person in the queue cannot enter the escalator until people with indices from 1 to i - 1 inclusive enter it. In one second only one person can enter the escalator. The escalator is infinite, so if a person enters it, he never leaves it, that is he will be standing on the escalator at any following second. Ilya needs to count the expected value of the number of people standing on the escalator after t seconds. 

Your task is to help him solve this complicated task.

Input

The first line of the input contains three numbers n, p, t (1 ≤ n, t ≤ 2000, 0 ≤ p ≤ 1). Numbers n and t are integers, number p is real, given with exactly two digits after the decimal point.

Output

Print a single real number — the expected number of people who will be standing on the escalator after t seconds. The absolute or relative error mustn't exceed 10 - 6.

Examples

Input

1 0.50 1


Output

0.5


Input

1 0.50 4


Output

0.9375


Input

4 0.20 2


Output

0.4

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
//package codeforces;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.*;

public class D {
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(System.out);
    StringTokenizer stringTokenizer;

    String next() throws IOException {
        while (stringTokenizer == null || !stringTokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
            stringTokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
        }
        return stringTokenizer.nextToken();
    }

    int nextInt() throws IOException {
        return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }

    long nextLong() throws IOException {
        return Long.parseLong(next());
    }

    private double nextDouble() throws IOException {
        return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }

    int MOD = 1000 * 1000 * 1000 + 7;

    int sum(int a, int b) {
        a += b;
        return a >= MOD ? a - MOD : a;
    }

    int product(int a, int b) {
        return (int) (1l * a * b % MOD);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    void solve() throws IOException {
        int n = nextInt();
        double p = nextDouble();
        int t = nextInt();
        double ans = smart(n, p, t);
        writer.printf(Locale.US, "%.10f\n", ans);
        writer.close();
    }

    void test() {
        for(int n = 1; n <= 20; n++) {
            for(int t = 1; t <= 20; t++) {
                final double p = 0.99;
                final double smart = smart(n, p, t);
                final double brute = brute(n, p, t);
                if(Math.abs(smart - brute) > 1e-12) {
                    writer.println(n + " 0.5 " + t + ": " + smart + " " + brute);
                }
            }
        }
        writer.println("done");
        writer.close();
    }

    private double fast(int n, double p, int t) {
        double[][] C = new double[t + 1][t + 1];
        for(int N = 0; N <= t; N++) {
            C[N][0] = 1;
            for(int K = 1; K <= N; K++) {
                C[N][K] = C[N - 1][K] + C[N - 1][K - 1];
            }
        }
        double ans = 0;
        double q = 1.0 - p;
        for(int i = 1; i <= t; i++) {
            ans += Math.min(n, i) * C[t][i] * Math.pow(p, i) * Math.pow(q, t - i);
        }
        return ans;
    }

    double smart(final int n, final double p, final int t) {
        class Utils {
            double rec(int n, int t) {
                if(n >= t) {
                    return t * p;
                }
                if(n == 0) {
                    return 0;
                }
                return p * (1 + rec(n - 1, t - 1)) + (1.0 - p) * rec(n, t - 1);
            }
        }
        class CachedUtils extends Utils {
            boolean[][] hit = new boolean[n + 1][t + 1];
            double[][] cache = new double[n + 1][t + 1];

            @Override
            double rec(int n, int t) {
                if(!hit[n][t]) {
                    hit[n][t] = true;
                    cache[n][t] = super.rec(n, t);
                }
                return cache[n][t];
            }
        }
        return new CachedUtils().rec(n, t);
    }

    double brute(final int n, final double p, final int t) {
        class Utils {
            double rec(int people, double prob, int timeLeft) {
                if(people == n) {
                    return n * prob;
                }
                if(timeLeft == 0) {
                    return people * prob;
                }
                return rec(people, prob * (1.0 - p), timeLeft - 1) + rec(people + 1, prob * p, timeLeft - 1);
            }
        }
        return new Utils().rec(0, 1.0, t);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//        new D().test();
        new D().solve();
    }
}