Problem: Ilya got tired of sports programming, left university and got a job in the subway. He was given the task to determine the escalator load factor. 

Let's assume that n people stand in the queue for the escalator. At each second one of the two following possibilities takes place: either the first person in the queue enters the escalator with probability p, or the first person in the queue doesn't move with probability (1 - p), paralyzed by his fear of escalators and making the whole queue wait behind him.

Formally speaking, the i-th person in the queue cannot enter the escalator until people with indices from 1 to i - 1 inclusive enter it. In one second only one person can enter the escalator. The escalator is infinite, so if a person enters it, he never leaves it, that is he will be standing on the escalator at any following second. Ilya needs to count the expected value of the number of people standing on the escalator after t seconds. 

Your task is to help him solve this complicated task.

Input

The first line of the input contains three numbers n, p, t (1 ≤ n, t ≤ 2000, 0 ≤ p ≤ 1). Numbers n and t are integers, number p is real, given with exactly two digits after the decimal point.

Output

Print a single real number — the expected number of people who will be standing on the escalator after t seconds. The absolute or relative error mustn't exceed 10 - 6.

Examples

Input

1 0.50 1


Output

0.5


Input

1 0.50 4


Output

0.9375


Input

4 0.20 2


Output

0.4

Solution (in JAVA):

Solution:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;

public class TaskD {

	public FasterScanner mFScanner;
	public PrintWriter mOut;
	double dp[][];
	double p;
	int n;

	public TaskD() {
		mFScanner = new FasterScanner();
		mOut = new PrintWriter(System.out);
	}

	public void solve() {

		int t;
		double res = 0;
		int seconds;
		int people;

		n = mFScanner.nextInt();
		p = mFScanner.nextDouble();
		t = mFScanner.nextInt();

		dp = new double[n + 1][t + 1];

		for (people = 0; people <= n; people++)
			Arrays.fill(dp[people], -1);

		dp[0][0] = 1;

		for (people = 0; people <= n; people++)
			rec(people, t);

		for (people = 0; people <= n; people++)
			res += (dp[people][t] * people);

		mOut.println(res);

	}

	public double rec(int people, int seconds) {

		if (people < 0 || seconds < 0)
			return 0;

		if (dp[people][seconds] >= 0)
			return dp[people][seconds];

		if (people == 0 && seconds == 0)
			return dp[people][seconds] = 1;

		if (people == 1 && seconds == 1)
			return dp[people][seconds] = p;

		if (people == 0 && seconds == 1)
			return dp[people][seconds] = 1 - p;

		if (people == n)
			dp[people][seconds] = rec(people - 1, seconds - 1) * p
					+ rec(people, seconds - 1);
		else
			dp[people][seconds] = rec(people - 1, seconds - 1) * p
					+ rec(people, seconds - 1) * (1 - p);

		return dp[people][seconds];

	}

	public void flush() {
		mOut.flush();
	}

	public void close() {
		mOut.close();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		TaskD mSol = new TaskD();
		mSol.solve();
		mSol.flush();
		mSol.close();
	}

	class FasterScanner {
		private InputStream mIs;
		private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		private int curChar;
		private int numChars;

		public FasterScanner() {
			this(System.in);
		}

		public FasterScanner(InputStream is) {
			mIs = is;
		}

		public int read() {
			if (numChars == -1)
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			if (curChar >= numChars) {
				curChar = 0;
				try {
					numChars = mIs.read(buf);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
				if (numChars <= 0)
					return -1;
			}
			return buf[curChar++];
		}

		public String nextLine() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isEndOfLine(c));
			return res.toString();
		}

		public String nextString() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res.toString();
		}

		public long nextLong() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			int sgn = 1;
			if (c == '-') {
				sgn = -1;
				c = read();
			}
			long res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res *= 10;
				res += c - '0';
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res * sgn;
		}

		public int nextInt() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			int sgn = 1;
			if (c == '-') {
				sgn = -1;
				c = read();
			}
			int res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res *= 10;
				res += c - '0';
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res * sgn;
		}

		public double nextDouble() {
			Double next;
			next = Double.parseDouble(nextString());
			return next;
		}

		public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
		}

		public boolean isEndOfLine(int c) {
			return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
		}

		public char[] nextCharArray(int N) {
			int i;
			char[] array;
			String str;

			array = new char[N];

			i = 0;

			str = nextLine();

			for (i = 0; i < N && i < str.length(); i++) {
				array[i] = str.charAt(i);
			}

			return array;
		}

		public char[][] nextChar2DArray(int M, int N) {
			int i;
			char[][] array;

			array = new char[M][N];

			i = 0;

			for (i = 0; i < M; i++) {
				array[i] = nextCharArray(N);
			}

			return array;
		}

		public int[] nextIntArray(int N) {
			int i;
			int[] array;

			array = new int[N];

			i = 0;

			for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
				array[i] = nextInt();
			}

			return array;
		}

		public int[][] nextInt2DArray(int M, int N) {
			int i;
			int[][] array;

			array = new int[M][N];

			i = 0;

			for (i = 0; i < M; i++) {
				array[i] = nextIntArray(N);
			}

			return array;
		}

		public long[] nextLongArray(int N) {
			int i;
			long[] array;

			array = new long[N];

			i = 0;

			for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
				array[i] = nextLong();
			}

			return array;
		}

		public long[][] nextLong2DArray(int M, int N) {
			int i;
			long[][] array;

			array = new long[M][N];

			i = 0;

			for (i = 0; i < M; i++) {
				array[i] = nextLongArray(N);
			}

			return array;
		}

		public double[] nextDoubleArray(int N) {
			int i;
			double[] array;

			array = new double[N];

			for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
				array[i] = nextDouble();
			}

			return array;
		}

		public double[][] nextDouble2DArray(int M, int N) {
			int i;
			double[][] array;

			array = new double[M][N];

			for (i = 0; i < M; i++) {
				array[i] = nextDoubleArray(N);
			}

			return array;
		}

	}
}