This report describes and analyzes annual appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) for FY2018. It compares the enacted FY2017 appropriations for DHS, the Donald J. Trump Administration's FY2018 budget request, and the appropriations measures developed in response. This report identifies additional informational resources, reports, and products on DHS appropriations that provide context for the discussion, and it provides a list of Congressional Research Service (CRS) policy experts with whom clients may consult on specific topics. The suite of CRS reports on homeland security appropriations tracks legislative action and congressional issues related to DHS appropriations, with particular attention paid to discretionary funding amounts. These reports do not provide in-depth analysis of specific issues related to mandatory funding—such as retirement pay—nor do they systematically follow other legislation related to the authorizing or amending of DHS programs, activities, or fee revenues. Discussion of appropriations legislation involves a variety of specialized budgetary concepts. The Appendix to this report explains several of these concepts, including budget authority, obligations, outlays, discretionary and mandatory spending, offsetting collections, allocations, and adjustments to the discretionary spending caps under the Budget Control Act (BCA; P.L. 112-25 ). A more complete discussion of those terms and the appropriations process in general can be found in CRS Report R42388, The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction , coordinated by [author name scrubbed], and the Government Accountability Office's A Glossary of Terms Used in the Federal Budget Process . All amounts contained in the suite of CRS reports on homeland security appropriations represent budget authority. For precision in percentages and totals, all calculations in these reports used unrounded data, which is presented in each report's tables. However, amounts in narrative discussions are rounded to the nearest million (or ten million, in the case of numbers larger than one billion), unless noted otherwise. Data used in this report for FY2017 amounts are derived from the explanatory statement accompanying P.L. 115-31 , the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017—Division F of which is the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2017. Data for the FY2018 requested and FY2018 enacted levels are drawn from the explanatory statement accompanying P.L. 115-141 , the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018—Division F of which is the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act 2018. The explanatory statement also includes data on FY2018 supplemental appropriations for DHS enacted prior to March 22, 2018. Data for the House-passed amounts are drawn from H.Rept. 115-239 , which accompanied H.R. 3355 , the FY2018 DHS appropriations bill, modified with information drawn from the Legislative Information System on amendments and structural alterations. Data for the Senate draft amounts are drawn from the draft bill and report released by the Senate Appropriations Committee on November 21, 2017. Scoring methodology is consistent across this report. However, caution should be exercised in comparing this data, developed with Congressional Budget Office methodology, with that developed using Office of Management and Budget methodology, due to slight discrepancies that could result in flawed analysis. This section provides an overview of the process of enactment of appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security for FY2018. It includes the process for the annual appropriations bill from the request through November 2017; two supplemental appropriations bills; and the final consolidated appropriations bill enacted as Division F of P.L. 115-141 . On March 16, 2017, the Trump Administration released a 53-page budget outline, or "skinny budget," which included summary information on the Administration's forthcoming FY2018 budget request. It is not uncommon for such a document to be released by a new Administration in its first term as work continues on more comprehensive budget request documentation. The document indicated that the Administration would request $44.1 billion in net discretionary budget authority for DHS, and stated that the request would include "$4.5 billion in additional funding for programs to strengthen the security of the Nation's borders and enhance the integrity of its immigration system." While selected priority programs were highlighted in the two pages that focused on DHS, detailed information on the overall budget for individual components was not included. On May 23, 2017, the Trump Administration released its complete budget request for FY2018. The Trump Administration requested $44.00 billion in adjusted net discretionary budget authority for DHS for FY2018, as part of an overall budget that the Office of Management and Budget estimated to be $70.69 billion (including fees, trust funds, and other funding that is not annually appropriated or does not score against discretionary budget limits). The request amounted to a $1.59 billion (3.8%) increase from the $42.41 billion in annual and supplemental appropriations enacted for FY2017 through the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2017 ( P.L. 115-31 , Division F). The Trump Administration also requested discretionary funding for DHS components that does not count against discretionary spending limits set by the Budget Control Act (BCA; P.L. 112-25 ) and is not reflected in the above totals. The Administration requested an additional $6.79 billion for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in disaster relief funding, as defined by the BCA, and in the budget request for the Department of Defense, a transfer of $162 million in Overseas Contingency Operations/Global War on Terror designated funding (OCO). On July 21, 2017, the House Committee on Appropriations reported out H.R. 3355 , the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2018, accompanied by H.Rept. 115-239 . Committee-reported H.R. 3355 included $44.33 billion in adjusted net discretionary budget authority for FY2018. This was $327 million (0.7%) above the level requested by the Administration, and $1.92 billion (4.5%) above the enacted level for FY2017. The House committee-reported bill also included the Administration-requested levels for disaster relief funding. In a departure from the FY2017 appropriations process, the House Appropriations Committee chose to provide the Coast Guard OCO funding as a transfer as requested by the Administration, through H.R. 3219 , the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018, rather than through the DHS appropriations bill. The next week, the House took up H.R. 3219 , the Make America Secure Appropriations Act ( H.R. 3219 ), the first of two consolidated appropriations acts considered by the House in the summer of 2017. It contained four annual appropriations bills, but not the annual appropriations for DHS. On July 26, 2017, H.R. 3219 began consideration under a structured rule (H.Res. 473), making certain amendments in order. The next day, a second rule (H.Res. 478) was adopted, which provided for additional amendments, including one offered by House Appropriations Committee, Homeland Security Subcommittee Chairman John Carter. This amendment added a new division to H.R. 3219 , which consisted only of a Procurement, Construction, and Improvements appropriation for CBP. The appropriation would provide $1,571,239,000 for construction of physical barriers along the Southwestern border of the United States. This funding was specifically directed in the amendment text as follows: $784,000,000 for 32 miles of new border bollard fencing in the Rio Grande Valley, Texas; $498,000,000 for 28 miles of new bollard levee wall in the Rio Grande Valley, Texas; $251,000,000 for 14 miles of secondary fencing in San Diego, California; and $38,239,000 for planning for border wall construction. The overall total of $1,571,239,000 and first three directed amounts were identical to specific recommendations by the House Committee on Appropriations for border infrastructure construction in H.Rept. 115-239 , the committee report accompanying H.R. 3355 . Because of the provisions of the rule, which said the amendment was to "be considered as adopted," no separate vote was taken on adoption of the amendment. An attempt to strike the funding through a motion to recommit the bill failed by a roll call vote, 193-234 (Roll No. 424). The week of September 4, 2017, the House took up the Make America Secure and Prosperous Appropriations Act ( H.R. 3354 ). The legislation was originally presented as Rules Committee Print 115-31, a consolidated appropriations bill which contained the text of the eight remaining annual appropriations bills that were not included in H.R. 3219 . One of those eight was H.R. 3355 , with some modifications. The primary changes to this version of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2018 from its House Appropriations Committee-reported form were a reduction in CBP's Procurement, Construction, and Improvement appropriation to account for the passage by the House of the funding for border barrier planning and construction as noted above, and the addition of specific legislative direction for the use of the remaining appropriation. The direction provided was comprehensive, exceeding that provided in the committee report. The bill also included new general provisions required for inclusion of a stand-alone committee-reported bill in a consolidated appropriations bill and conforming to the likely terms of floor debate. On September 6, 2017, the House took up H.R. 3354 , with an additional modification: the first rule governing the debate on the bill incorporated the text of House-passed H.R. 3219 as part of H.R. 3354 , creating a single bill that included all of the annual appropriations for FY2018. However, the border barrier funding remained in a separate title from the other annual DHS appropriations: Division E of H.R.