This report tracks and provides an overview of actions taken by the Administration and Congress to provide FY2016 appropriations for trade-related agencies under the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) appropriations process. It also provides an overview of the enacted FY2015 appropriations for the International Trade Administration (ITA), the U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC), and the Office of the United States Representative (USTR), as a part of the annual appropriation for CJS. This report provides only an overview of the appropriations for the three trade-related agencies under the CJS appropriations process. For a more detailed review of the appropriations for all CJS agencies, see CRS Report R43918, Overview of FY2016 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) , by [author name scrubbed]. On December 16, 2014, President Obama signed into law the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015 ( P.L. 113-235 ). The act provided a total of $61.753 billion for the agencies and bureaus funded by the annual CJS appropriations act in FY2015, including $600.8 million for three trade-related agencies. The Administration requested a total of $66.382 billion for CJS for FY2016. The Administration's request was 7.5% more than what Congress appropriated for FY2015. For the three trade-related agencies, the Administration requested $684.6 million for FY2016, an increase of 13.9% over the FY2015 amount. The House recommended $597.8 million for the three CJS trade-related agencies for FY2016, an amount 12.7% less than the Administration's request and 0.5% less than the enacted amount for FY2015. The Senate committee-reported bill recommended $601.8 million for the three CJS trade-related agencies, an amount 0.2% greater than the FY2015 enacted amount, 12.1% less than the Administration's FY2016 request, and 0.7% greater than the House-passed amount. On December 18, 2015, President Obama signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 ( P.L. 114-113 ). Division B of the act (the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2016) provides $626.0 million for the three CJS trade-related agencies, an amount 4.2% greater than the FY2015 appropriation, but 8.6% less than the Administration's request. The FY2016-enacted appropriation is 4.7% greater than the amount recommended by the House and 4.0% greater than the amount recommended by the Senate. Table 1 shows the FY2015-enacted appropriations, the Administration's FY2016 request for these agencies, and the FY2016-enacted appropriations. ITA is a part of the Department of Commerce, whose mission is to promote "job creation, economic growth, sustainable development and improved standards of living ... by working in partnership with businesses, universities, communities and ... workers." ITA's mission is to improve U.S. prosperity by strengthening the competitiveness of U.S. industry, promoting trade and investment, and ensuring compliance with trade laws and agreements. ITA provides export promotion services, works to ensure compliance with trade agreements, administers trade remedies such as antidumping and countervailing duties, and provides analytical support for ongoing trade negotiations. ITA went through a major organizational change in October 2013 in which it consolidated four organizational units into three more functionally-aligned units, which include (1) Global Markets; (2) Industry and Analysis; and (3) Enforcement and Compliance. ITA also has a fourth organizational unit, the Executive and Administrative Directorate, which is responsible for providing policy leadership, information technology support, and administration services for all of ITA. Table A-1 shows budget amounts for ITA by unit between FY2005 and FY2015. The FY2015 CJS Appropriations Act provided $462.0 million for ITA in direct funding, with an additional $10.0 million in user fees, for a total of $472.0 million in available funds. The Administration's request for FY2016 was $496.8 million, an increase of 7.5% over the FY2015 enacted amount (not including user fees). The request included an additional $10.0 million in user fees, the same amount as in FY2015, which would have raised total available funds to $506.8 million for FY2016. The House recommended $457.0 million in direct appropriations for ITA, an amount 8.0% less than the Administration's request and 1.1% less than the enacted amount for FY2015. The House anticipated the collection of $10.0 million in user fees, which would have raised total available funds to $467.0 million. The Senate Committee on Appropriations recommended $463.0 million for ITA in direct funding, $1.0 million above the FY2015 enacted level, $33.8 million, or 6.8%, below the FY2016 budget request, and 1.3% above the House recommendation. The Senate committee report anticipated the collection of $10.0 million in user fees, which would have raised total available funds to $473.0 million. The FY2016 appropriation for ITA is $483.0 million, with an additional $10.0 million in user fees, for a total of $493 million in available funds. The FY2016 appropriation is 4.5% more than the FY2015-enacted amount and 2.8% less than the Administration's FY2016 request. ITA's Global Markets unit combines country and regional experts, both overseas and domestically, and specific trade promotion programs to provide U.S. firms with country-specific export promotion services and market access advocacy. The unit also promotes the United States as an investment destination. It is designed to advance U.S. commercial interests by engaging with foreign governments and U.S. businesses, identifying and resolving country-specific market barriers, and leading interagency efforts that advocate for U.S. firms with foreign governments. It also is also designed to help promote U.S. exports by developing and implementing policies and programs to increase market access in foreign countries for U.S. goods and services and by providing various types of direct assistance to U.S. firms, especially small and medium-sized enterprises. For FY2016, ITA requested $334.4 million and 1,122 full time employees (FTEs) for the Global Markets unit, a net increase of $4.7 million and 9 FTEs over the previous year. ITA's Industry and Analysis unit brings together ITA's industry, trade, and economic experts to advance the competitiveness of U.S. industries through the development and execution of international trade and investment policies, export promotion strategies, and investment promotion. It develops economic and international policy analysis in an effort to improve market access for U.S. businesses, and designs and implements trade and investment promotion programs. The unit serves as the primary liaison between U.S. industries and the government on trade and investment promotion. It administers programs that support small and medium-sized enterprises, such as the Market Development Cooperator Program. For FY2016, ITA requested $58.3 million and 248 FTEs for the Industry and Analysis unit, a net increase of $1.0 million and the same number of FTEs compared to the previous year. The mission of ITA's Enforcement and Compliance unit is to enforce U.S. trade laws and ensure compliance with negotiated international trade agreements. It promotes the administration of U.S. antidumping and countervailing trade law remedies; addresses trade-distorting practices; promotes disciplines and practices by U.S. trading partners that enhance transparency and impartiality; and administers the Foreign Trade Zone program and other U.S. import programs. It represents and advocates on behalf of U.S. industries on issues regarding trade enforcement and compliance. For FY2016, ITA requested a total of $80.7 million and 348 FTEs for Enforcement and Compliance, an increase of $6.2 million and 18 FTEs over the previous year. USITC is an independent federal agency with broad investigative responsibilities on matters related to international trade. The mission of the agency is to "(1) administer U.S. trade remedy laws within its mandate in a fair and objective manner; (2) provide the President, USTR, and Congress with independent analysis, information, and support on matters of tariffs, international trade, and U.S. competitiveness; and (3) maintain the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States." USITC's activities include investigating the effects of dumped and subsidized imports on domestic industries; conducting global safeguard investigations; and adjudicating disputes involving imported goods that allegedly infringe U.S. intellectual property rights. Through such proceedings, the agency helps to facilitate a rules-based international trading system. USITC also serves as a federal resource for trade data and other trade policy information. It provides such information and analysis to Congress, the President, and USTR to facilitate the development of U.S. trade policy. USITC also makes most of this information available to the public to promote understanding of competitiveness, international trade issues, and the role that international trade plays in the U.S. economy. As a matter of policy, its budget request is submitted to Congress by the President without revision. USITC received $84.5 million for FY2015. The Administration's request for USITC for FY2016 was $131.5 million, of which $42.7 million was a one-time cost related to the transition to a new office plan. The FY2016 request was 55.6% more than the FY2015 enacted amount.