The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (BBA 2018, P.L. 115-123 ), which was enacted on February 9, 2018, addresses a number of issues that were before Congress. Specifically, appropriations for most federal agencies and programs were set to expire on February 8, 2018, and BBA 2018 extends continuing appropriations for these agencies and programs through March 23, 2018. In addition, BBA 2018 includes FY2018 supplemental appropriations, an increase to the debt limit, increases to the statutory spending limits for FY2018 and FY2019, tax provisions, and numerous provisions extending or making changes to mandatory spending programs, among other topics. Division E of BBA 2018 is titled the Advancing Chronic Care, Extenders, and Social Services (ACCESS) Act, which includes provisions affecting the following programs: Medicare; Medicaid; the State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); public health programs; the Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) program; foster care and child welfare; social impact partnerships; child support enforcement; and prison data reporting. This report provides information about the provisions from Division E of BBA 2018 related to CHIP, certain public health programs, the MIECHV program, and the Medicaid program. It covers Division E provisions related to four topics: CHIP (§§50101-50103). Public Health Extenders (§§50501-50503, §50611, §50901, §50902, and §53119). MIECHV (§§50601-50607). Medicaid (§§53101-53105). This report provides high-level summaries for each topic followed by a table with abbreviated summaries of each provision. The four sections following the table provide more detailed summaries of these provisions related to each topic. Below is a high-level summary of the four sections of this report: CHIP, public health extenders, MIECHV, and Medicaid. The table following these summaries provides abbreviated summaries for each provision. CHIP is a means-tested program that provides health coverage to targeted low-income children and pregnant women. At the start of FY2018 (i.e., on October 1, 2017), there was no funding for FY2018 CHIP allotments to states. States were able to continue funding the federal share of their CHIP programs with unspent funds from FY2017 allotments and unspent allotments from FY2016 and prior years redistributed to shortfall states. In addition, continuing resolutions enacted on December 8, 2017 ( P.L. 115-90 ), and December 22, 2017 ( P.L. 115-96 ), included provisions that provided short-term funding for CHIP. The continuing resolution enacted on January 22, 2018 ( P.L. 115-120 ), provided federal CHIP funding for FY2018 through FY2023. P.L. 115-120 also extended other CHIP-related provisions through FY2023, among other things. These other CHIP-related provisions include the Child Enrollment Contingency Fund, the qualifying states option, the Express Lane Eligibility option, the maintenance of effort (MOE) for children, the Pediatric Quality Measures Program, and the outreach and enrollment program. BBA 2018 further extends CHIP funding and these other CHIP-related provisions through FY2027. According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) cost estimate, the CHIP provisions in BBA 2018 are estimated to reduce federal spending by $0.3 billion and increase revenues by $4.6 billion, for a net savings of $4.9 billion over the period of FY2018 through FY2027. BBA 2018 extends funding for a number of public health programs funded through mandatory appropriations. In some cases, funding for those programs had ended at the end of FY2017 (i.e., September 30, 2017), while in others, funding had been provided for one or more quarters of FY2018. Among the programs that receive additional funding through BBA 2018 for FY2018 and FY2019 are two Special Diabetes Programs, the Health Professions Opportunity Grant Program, and the National Health Service Corps. These programs are largely extended without programmatic changes. BBA 2018 also extends or increases FY2018 and FY2019 mandatory funding for—and makes programmatic changes to—the Family-to-Family Health Information Program, an abstinence education program now known as the Sexual Risk Avoidance Education program; the Personal Responsibility Education Program (which relates to teen pregnancy prevention); the health center program; and the teaching health center graduate medical education program. In some cases, legislation had been introduced that would have extended funding for these programs, but no long-term funding extensions had been enacted prior to BBA 2018. In addition to the funding extensions included in the BBA 2018, the law reduces the amounts appropriated to the Public Health and Prevention Fund as a funding offset. According to the CBO cost estimate, the public health provisions in Division E of BBA 2018 are estimated to increase federal spending by a net of $8.0 billion over the period of FY2018 through FY2027. The MIECHV program provides grants to states, territories, and tribes ("eligible entities") in support of evidence-based early childhood home visiting. Home visiting entails in-home visits by health or social service professionals with at-risk families. BBA 2018 extends mandatory funding of $400 million for the program for each of FY2017 through FY2022. The law requires eligible entities to continue to track and report on program performance measures. Eligible entities must also conduct a new statewide needs assessment to determine which communities are most at risk of poor child and family outcomes and to identify resources that can support those communities. Further, the law requires the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to designate data exchange standards to govern state and federal reporting on home visiting, and directs HHS to use the most accurate federal population and poverty data available for each eligible entity that is awarded funds. Under the BBA 2018, jurisdictions may use some MIECHV funding for a pay-for-outcomes initiative. According to the CBO cost estimate, the MIECHV program provisions in BBA 2018 are estimated to increase federal spending by $2.0 billion over the period of FY2018 through FY2027. BBA 2018 includes some Medicaid provisions as offsets. These Medicaid offsets are (1) modifying the reductions to Medicaid disproportionate share hospital (DSH) allotments; (2) making various changes to the third-party liability (TPL) rules; (3) requiring states to consider "qualified lottery winnings" and/or "qualified lump sum income" when determining Medicaid eligibility for certain individuals; (4) changing the rebate obligation with respect to line-extension drugs; and (5) rescinding funds from the Medicaid Improvement Fund. According to the CBO cost estimate, the Medicaid provisions in Division E of BBA 2018 are estimated to reduce federal spending by $11.3 billion over the period of FY2018 through FY2027. Table 1 provides a high-level summary of the provisions under Division E of BBA 2018 for CHIP, public health, the MIECHV program, and Medicaid. For each provision, the section of the law, the title of the provision, a summary of the provision, and a CRS contact are provided. This section provides more detailed summaries of the provisions under Division E of BBA 2018 for CHIP, public health, the MIECHV program, and Medicaid. For each provision, there is a background summary followed by an explanation of the provision in BBA 2018. Prior to the enactment of BBA 2018, CHIP was funded through FY2023 with appropriated amounts specified in statute. Since CHIP was first established in 1997 in the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA97, P.L. 105-33 ), it has been funded through subsequent legislation, including the following major laws: the Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2009 (CHIPRA; P.L. 111-3 ), which provided federal CHIP funding for FY2009 through FY2013; the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148 , as amended), which provided federal CHIP funding for FY2014 and FY2015; the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA, P.L. 114-10 ), which provided funding for FY2016 and FY2017; and the continuing resolution enacted on January 22, 2018 ( P.L. 115-120 ), which provided funding for FY2018 through FY2023. The annual appropriation amounts for FY2018 through FY2022 increase annually from $21.5 billion in FY2018 to $25.9 billion in FY2022. The FY2023 appropriation is a combination of semiannual appropriations of $2.85 billion from Section 2104(a) of the Social Security Act (SSA) and a one-time appropriation of $20.2 billion from P.L. 115-120 , which is provided for the first six months of the fiscal year and remains available until expended. Sections 50101(a) and (b)(2) extend federal CHIP funding for an additional four years by adding federal appropriations for FY2024 through FY2027 under SSA Section 2104(a). The funding amounts for FY2024 through FY2026 are not specified; instead, the appropriation provides such sums as necessary to fund allotments to states. The funding for FY2027 is structured as it is for FY2023, with semiannual appropriations of equal amounts plus a one-time appropriation.