In February 2008, when the Administration sent its FY2009 budget request to Congress, the Department of State also provided its estimates of the FY2008 emergency supplemental funds, by account. Some funds differ from that in the legislation because the department allocated some supplementals into the regular base funding when less than requested in the regular budget was received. The State Department's estimates of pending FY2008 supplemental funds are also related to instances where Congress directed certain uses for the supplementals that were not part of the State Department's supplemental request. On December 26, 2007, the President signed into law the FY2008 Consolidated Appropriations Act ( H.R. 2764 / P.L. 110 - 161 ; hereafter referred to as the "Act") providing funding for most government operations for which regular FY2008 appropriations bills—11 in all—had not been enacted. The measure also included $2.385 billion in emergency international affairs spending in addition to emergency funds for military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. H.R. 2764 , the State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Act for FY2008, was the vehicle used for the omnibus bill because it had been previously approved by both the House and Senate. The House passed the amended version on December 17, 2007. The Senate took up the House-passed bill the following day and added an additional $40 billion in emergency military spending for operations in Iraq and Afghanistan in addition to the $31 billion provided by the House that was restricted to operations in Afghanistan. The House then approved the final version on December 19. International affairs programs comprise Division J of the omnibus bill and include both regular and supplemental appropriations. In order to meet budget targets, appropriations in Division J are subject to a 0.81 across-the-board cut. The reduction does not affect emergency supplemental funds. Supplemental funds for international affairs in the Act total $2.385 billion for both State Department operations ($1.262 billion) and Foreign Operations ($1.123 billion). The Act also provides supplemental military funding for operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. For more information on all the provisions of the Act, see CRS Report RL34278, FY2008 Supplemental Appropriations for Global War on Terror Military Operations, International Affairs, and Other Purposes. Supplemental funds for State Department accounts include: $781.6 million for Diplomatic and Consular Programs—$575.0 million for operations and $206.6 million for worldwide security protection; $468.0 million for Contributions to International Peacekeeping for activities in Darfur; and $12.0 million for International Broadcasting. Supplemental funds for Foreign Operations accounts include: $115 million for Global Health & Child Survival; $110 million for International Disaster Assistance; $20.8 million for USAID Operating Expenses for Iraq; $542.6 million for Economic Support Fund; $200 million for Migration and Refugee Assistance; $100 million for Foreign Military Financing; and $35 million for Peacekeeping Operations. Approximately $4.5 billion of the President's emergency request remains outstanding. (Note that the Department of State estimates that $5.4 billion of the President's emergency request remains outstanding because of using supplemental funds to fill unmet needs in the regular FY2008 appropriation and because some supplemental funds were directed by Congress for certain uses not requested by the Administration.) Congressional leaders have stated that an additional supplemental measure could be considered in the spring of 2008. Remaining items include additional sums for foreign aid activities in Iraq and Afghanistan, and a major new counter-narcotics initiative in Mexico and Central America. For State Department operations, outstanding items include additional funds for Diplomatic and Consular Programs security upgrades, and Contributions to International Peacekeeping Activities. On February 6, 2007, the Administration sent to Congress its regular FY2008 budget that included $35.1 billion for international affairs. At the same time, the President sent Congress an FY2008 emergency supplemental request of $3.301 billion for international affairs. On October 22, 2007, the Administration amended its supplemental request with $3.596 billion in additional spending. The total FY2008 emergency supplemental request for international affairs spending amounts to $6.897 billion. While the largest portion of the total request is for State Department operations and foreign assistance in Iraq and Afghanistan, it also includes sizeable requests for programs in Mexico, the West Bank and Gaza, North Korea, Sudan, and Pakistan. The State Department estimated emergency supplemental funding needs of $3.220 billion for Diplomatic and Consular Programs (DCP) in Iraq and Afghanistan, Worldwide Security Upgrades in Afghanistan, staff housing in Afghanistan, Contributions to International Organizations, and Contributions to International Peacekeeping Activities (CIPA) for Darfur. Two-thirds ($2.1 billion) of the State Department request was for Diplomatic and Consular Program funding for Iraq Operations. Foreign Operations comprise $3.678 billion, including $350 million for P.L. 480 food assistance. Nearly half of the total foreign operations package was allocated for assistance in Iraq and Afghanistan. The Bush Administration has increasingly requested emergency supplemental funds for international affairs budgets. Some budget experts and others have criticized the Administration for relying too heavily on supplementals, and that some items, particularly relating to Iraq and Afghanistan, have become routine and should be incorporated into the regular appropriations cycle. The Administration counters that given the nature of rapidly changing overseas events and unforeseen emergencies, it is necessary to make emergency supplemental requests for what it claims are unexpected and non-recurring expenses. In February 2007, the original FY2008 State Department portion of the emergency supplemental request consisted of $1.882 billion for Diplomatic and Consular Programs, all for operations in Iraq, and $53 million for Contributions to International Organizations (CIO). The Administration amended this supplemental, adding nearly $1.3 billion: $401.4 million for Diplomatic and Consular Programs (DCP), $160 million for Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance (ESCM), and $723.6 million for Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities (CIPA). Total emergency funds requested for FY2008 for the State Department's Administration of Foreign Affairs equal $3.220 billion in addition to the regular budget request of $7.317 billion for the Administration of Foreign Affairs ( Table 1 ). The Mission in Iraq consists of about 1,000 direct-hire Americans representing 12 U.S. government agencies. For the Diplomatic and Consular Programs account, the Department requested a total of $2.283 billion, of which $2.120.6 billion was for emergency needs in Iraq. In addition, $402.6 million of carryover funds were available, for a total of $2.523 billion for Iraq operations. Of this sum, $978.7 million would pay for security needs, such as local guards ($151.6 million), compound guards ($164.0 million), regional security ($167.3 million), personal security details ($301.4 million), armored vehicles ($41.2 million), physical and technical security, such as vehicle barriers and bomb detective dogs ($8.7 million), equipment, such as bullet proof vests, ammunition, and masks ($6.4 million), other support, such as special agents traveling to Iraq and counterterrorism training ($28.1 million), and overhead cover protection to bolster rooftops ($110.0 million). Another $907.1 million would go toward Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs), paying salaries ($187.6 million), operations ($63.8 million), living accommodations and medical support ($72.1 million), information technology ($60.3 million), vehicles ($3.3 million), security ($516.8 million) and leases of space in Baghdad ($3.2 million). The Administration also sought $162.4 million for worldwide security upgrades in Afghanistan. Of this amount, $80 million would pay for securing facilities, including overhead (roof) protection; $38 million would be for high threat protection teams and support for the election process; $36.5 million would fund unbudgeted security costs for other agencies; and $7.9 million would buy fully armored vehicles for the embassy and PRTs. Other expenses covered by the FY2008 emergency supplemental request for the Department of State included $160 million for U.S. staff housing in Afghanistan under the Embassy Security, Construction, and Maintenance account, $53 million for U.S. assessments for U.N. activities related to combat terrorism, and $723.6 million for U.S. Contributions for International Peacekeeping activities in Darfur. Congress provided both regular funding and supplemental funding for the Department of State and the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) in Division J of the Consolidated Appropriation Act ( P.L. 110 - 161 ). The enacted law contains $1.262 billion in supplemental funds for the Department of State—$781.6 million for State's Diplomatic and Consular Programs (D&CP) and $468.0 million for U.S. Contributions to International Peacekeeping (CIPA). In both accounts, the emergency supplemental amounts are significantly less than what the Administration had requested. Of the $781.6 million for D&CP, $575.0 million is specified for Iraq operations and $206.6 million is for worldwide security protection (WSP). According to State Department officials, the Department applied the $206 million to the FY2008 base request, resulting in $162.4 million to be still pending for WSP in Afghanistan. The appropriation does not require any specific allocation for the CIPA emergency supplemental funds, although the measure states that "not less than $550.4 million be used to establish a new United Nations/African Union hybrid peacekeeping mission to Darfur (UNAMID)." According to Department of State officials, $390 million is allocated for Darfur and $78 million for FY2008 U.N. Peacekeeping funds.