Query: Measurement of eye size illusion caused by eyeliner, mascara, and eye shadow.

Relevant passages:
Why women use makeup: implication of psychological traits in makeup functions. <=SEP=> Makeup acts and stimulates three of our senses: touch (which encompasses all sensations from the body surface), smell (fragrance), and sight (the process of becoming and looking beautiful). The positive stimulation of these senses by makeup can induce sensory as well as psychological pleasure. In order to understand the relationship of women to their makeup, we interviewed different groups of women on their quality of life and makeup habits. Then, through four standard well-validated psychometric self-questionnaires, we examined the possible relation between the need to make up oneself and specific psychological features. Our first results clearly showed that makeup could support two opposite "up" functions, i.e., "camouflage" vs "seduction." Concerning their psychological profiles, results showed that women of the functional class "camouflage" are more anxious, defensive, and emotionally unstable compared to those of the functional class "seduction," who appear to be more sociable, assertive, and extroverted. Further analyses revealed a division of the two classes into subclasses of volunteers with opposed personality and psychological profiles. This new classification allowed us to define more precisely the relations existing within the subjective experience of women during the makeup process. In conclusion, our study revealed that beyond the simple application of colorful products on the face, makeup has two major functional implications depending on specific psychological profiles of women.

Cosmetics as a Feature of the Extended Human Phenotype: Modulation of the Perception of Biologically Important Facial Signals <=SEP=> Research on the perception of faces has focused on the size, shape, and configuration of inherited features or the biological phenotype, and largely ignored the effects of adornment, or the extended phenotype. Research on the evolution of signaling has shown that animals frequently alter visual features, including color cues, to attract, intimidate or protect themselves from conspecifics. Humans engage in conscious manipulation of visual signals using cultural tools in real time rather than genetic changes over evolutionary time. Here, we investigate one tool, the use of color cosmetics. In two studies, we asked viewers to rate the same female faces with or without color cosmetics, and we varied the style of makeup from minimal (natural), to moderate (professional), to dramatic (glamorous). Each look provided increasing luminance contrast between the facial features and surrounding skin. Faces were shown for 250 ms or for unlimited inspection time, and subjects rated them for attractiveness, competence, likeability and trustworthiness. At 250 ms, cosmetics had significant positive effects on all outcomes. Length of inspection time did not change the effect for competence or attractiveness. However, with longer inspection time, the effect of cosmetics on likability and trust varied by specific makeup looks, indicating that cosmetics could impact automatic and deliberative judgments differently. The results suggest that cosmetics can create supernormal facial stimuli, and that one way they may do so is by exaggerating cues to sexual dimorphism. Our results provide evidence that judgments of facial trustworthiness and attractiveness are at least partially separable, that beauty has a significant positive effect on judgment of competence, a universal dimension of social cognition, but has a more nuanced effect on the other universal dimension of social warmth, and that the extended phenotype significantly influences perception of biologically important signals at first glance and at longer inspection.

Measuring the Physical in Physical Attractiveness : Quasi-Experiments on the Sociobiology of Female Facial Beauty <=SEP=> Two quasi-experiments investigated the relation between specific adult female facial features and the attraction, attribution, and altruistic responses of adult males. Precise measurements were obtained of the relative size of 24 facial features in an international sample of photographs of 50 females. Male subjects provided ratings of the attractiveness of each of the females. Positively correlated with attractiveness ratings were the neonate features of large eyes, small nose, and small chin; the maturity features of prominent cheekbones and narrow cheeks; and the expressive features of high eyebrows, large pupils, and large smile. A second study asked males to rate the personal characteristics of 16 previously measured females. The males were also asked to indicate the females for whom they would be most inclined to perform altruistic behaviors, and select for dating, sexual behavior, and childrearing. The second study replicated the correlations of feature measurements with attractiveness. Facial features also predicted personality attributions, altruistic inclinations, and reproductive interest. Sociobiological interpretations are discussed.

Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items <=SEP=> This paper provides a non-technical introduction to mixed-effects models for the analysis of repeated measurement data with subjects and items as crossed random effects. A worked-out example of how to use recent software for mixed-effects modeling is provided. Simulation studies illustrate the advantages offered by mixedeffects analyses compared to traditional analyses based on quasi-F tests, by-subjects analyses, combined by-subjects and by-items analyses, and random regression. Applications and possibilities across a range of domains of inquiry are discussed. 1 General Introduction Psycholinguists and other cognitive psychologists use convenience samples for their experiments, often based on participants within the local university community. When analyzing the data from these experiments, participants are treated as random variables, because the interest of most studies is not about ∗ Corresponding author. Address: Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, 6500 AH, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Email addresses: baayen@mpi.nl (R.H. Baayen), Doug.Davidson@fcdonders.ru.nl (D.J. Davidson), bates@stat.wisc.edu (D.M. Bates). Preprint submitted to Elsevier Februari 3, 2006 experimental effects present only in the individuals who participated in the experiment, but rather in effects present in speakers everywhere, either within the language studied, or human language users in general. The differences between individuals due to genetic, developmental, environmental, social, political, or chance factors are modeled jointly by means of a participant random effect. A similar logic applies to linguistic materials. Psycholinguists construct materials for the tasks that they employ by a variety of means, but most importantly, most materials in a single experiment do not exhaust all possible syllables, words, or sentences that could be found in a given language, and most choices of language to investigate do not exhaust the possible languages that an experimenter could investigate. In fact, two core principles of the structure of language, the arbitrary (and hence statistical) association between sound and meaning (de Saussure) and the unbounded combination of finite lexical items (von Humboldt), guarantee that a great many language materials must be a sample, rather than an exhaustive list. The space of possible words, and the space of possible sentences, is simply too large to be modeled by any other means. Just as we model human partipants as random variables, we have to model factors characterizing their speech as random variables as well. Clark (1973) illuminated this issue, sparked by the work of Coleman (1964), by showing how language researchers might generalize their results to the larger population of linguistic materials from which they sample by testing for statistical significance of experimental contrasts with participants and items analyses. Clark’s oft-cited paper presented a technical solution to this modeling problem, based on statistical theory and computational methods available at the time (e.g., Winer, 1971). This solution involved computing a quasi-F statistic which, in the simplest-to-use form, could be approximated by the use of a combined minimum-F statistic derived from separate participants (F1) and items (F2) analyses. In the 30+ years since, statistical techniques have expanded the space of possible solutions to this problem, but these techniques have not yet been applied widely in the field of language and memory studies. The present paper offers a new alternative known as a mixed effects model approach, based on maximum likelihood methods that are now in common use in many areas of science, medicine, and engineering. More specifically, we introduce a very recent development in computational statistics, namely, the possibility to include subjects and items as crossed random effects, as opposed to hierarchical or multilevel models in which random effects must be assumed to be nested. Traditional approaches to random effects modeling suffer multiple drawbacks which can be eliminated by adopting mixed effect linear models. These drawbacks include (a) deficiencies in statistical power related to the problems posed by repeated observations, (b) the lack of a flexible method of dealing with

Women's use of cosmetics: psychosocial correlates and consequences. <=SEP=> Synopsis Few systematic studies have examined individual differences in women's use of facial make-up or the possible psychosocial effects of such use. In the present investigation, the researchers developed several measures of the amount and the situational and temporal patterning of cosmetics use. Among forty-two female college students, differential use was associated with a number of selected personality variables-public self-consciousness, public body-consciousness, social anxiety, and various body-image factors. Through the imagery-induction of cosmetics use and non-use conditions, cosmetics users' self-evaluative responses were studied. In a variety of imagined situations, subjects reported being more self-confident and sociable when wearing as opposed to not wearing their customary cosmetics. Findings were discussed in the context of the role of cosmetics in self-image enhancement and social impression management.

Neuroplasticity in the context of motor rehabilitation after stroke <=SEP=> Approximately one-third of patients with stroke exhibit persistent disability after the initial cerebrovascular episode, with motor impairments accounting for most poststroke disability. Exercise and training have long been used to restore motor function after stroke. Better training strategies and therapies to enhance the effects of these rehabilitative protocols are currently being developed for poststroke disability. The advancement of our understanding of the neuroplastic changes associated with poststroke motor impairment and the innate mechanisms of repair is crucial to this endeavor. Pharmaceutical, biological and electrophysiological treatments that augment neuroplasticity are being explored to further extend the boundaries of poststroke rehabilitation. Potential motor rehabilitation therapies, such as stem cell therapy, exogenous tissue engineering and brain–computer interface technologies, could be integral in helping patients with stroke regain motor control. As the methods for providing motor rehabilitation change, the primary goals of poststroke rehabilitation will be driven by the activity and quality of life needs of individual patients. This Review aims to provide a focused overview of neuroplasticity associated with poststroke motor impairment, and the latest experimental interventions being developed to manipulate neuroplasticity to enhance motor rehabilitation.

Learning personal + social latent factor model for social recommendation <=SEP=> Social recommendation, which aims to systematically leverage the social relationships between users as well as their past behaviors for automatic recommendation, attract much attention recently. The belief is that users linked with each other in social networks tend to share certain common interests or have similar tastes (homophily principle); such similarity is expected to help improve the recommendation accuracy and quality. There have been a few studies on social recommendations; however, they almost completely ignored the heterogeneity and diversity of the social relationship.
 In this paper, we develop a joint personal and social latent factor (PSLF) model for social recommendation. Specifically, it combines the state-of-the-art collaborative filtering and the social network modeling approaches for social recommendation. Especially, the PSLF extracts the social factor vectors for each user based on the state-of-the-art mixture membership stochastic blockmodel, which can explicitly express the varieties of the social relationship. To optimize the PSLF model, we develop a scalable expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, which utilizes a novel approximate mean-field technique for fast expectation computation. We compare our approach with the latest social recommendation approaches on two real datasets, Flixter and Douban (both with large social networks). With similar training cost, our approach has shown a significant improvement in terms of prediction accuracy criteria over the existing approaches.

The Implications and Impacts of Web Services to Electronic Commerce Research and Practices <=SEP=> Web services refer to a family of technologies that can universally standardize the communication of applications in order to connect systems, business partners, and customers cost-effectively through the World Wide Web. Major software vendors such as IBM, Microsoft, SAP, SUN, and Oracle are all embracing Web services standards and are releasing new products or tools that are Web services enabled. Web services will ease the constraints of time, cost, and space for discovering, negotiating, and conducting e-business transactions. As a result, Web services will change the way businesses design their applications as services, integrate with other business entities, manage business process workflows, and conduct e-business transactions. The early adopters of Web services are showing promising results such as greater development productivity gains and easier and faster integration with trading partners. However, there are many issues worth studying regarding Web services in the context of e-commerce. This special issue of the JECR aims to encourage awareness and discussion of important issues and applications of Web Services that are related to electronic commerce from the organizational, economics, and technical perspectives. Research opportunities of Web services and e-commerce area are fruitful and important for both academics and practitioners. We wish that this introductory article can shed some light for researchers and practitioners to better understand important issues and future trends of Web services and e-business.

Social stories: mechanisms of effectiveness in increasing game play skills in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder using a pretest posttest repeated measures randomized control group design. <=SEP=> An increasing body of literature has indicated that social stories are an effective way to teach individuals diagnosed with autism appropriate social behavior. This study compared two formats of a social story targeting the improvement of social skills during game play using a pretest posttest repeated measures randomized control group design. A total of 45 children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ages 7-14 were randomly assigned to standard, directive, or control story conditions. Results demonstrated that the standard and directive story formats were equally as effective in eliciting, generalizing and maintaining the targeted social skills in participants who had prior game play experience and Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) scores from the WISC-IV intelligence test in the borderline range or above.

What is a robot companion - friend, assistant or butler? <=SEP=> The study presented in this paper explored people's perceptions and attitudes towards the idea of a future robot companion for the home. A human-centred approach was adopted using questionnaires and human-robot interaction trials to derive data from 28 adults. Results indicated that a large proportion of participants were in favour of a robot companion and saw the potential role as being an assistant, machine or servant. Few wanted a robot companion to be a friend. Household tasks were preferred to child/animal care tasks. Humanlike communication was desirable for a robot companion, whereas humanlike behaviour and appearance were less essential. Results are discussed in relation to future research directions for the development of robot companions.

Narrative Visualization: Sharing Insights into Complex Data <=SEP=> This paper is a reflection on the emerging genre of narrative visualization, a creative response to the need to share complex data engagingly with the public. In it, we explain how narrative visualization offers authors the opportunity to communicate more effectively with their audience by reproducing and sharing an experience of insight similar to their own. To do so, we propose a two part model, derived from previous literature, in which insight is understood as both an experience and also the product of that experience. We then discuss how the design of narrative visualization should be informed by attempts elsewhere to track the provenance of insights and share them in a collaborative setting. Finally, we present a future direction for research that includes using EEG technology to record neurological patterns during episodes of insight experience as the basis for evaluation.

Realistic and Fast Cloud Rendering <=SEP=> Clouds are an important aspect of rendering outdoor scenes. Thi paper describes a cloud system that extends texture splatting on par ticles to model a dozen cloud types (e.g., stratus, cumulus congestus, cumulonimb us), an improvement over earlier systems that modeled only one type of cumulus. W e also achieve fast real-time rendering, even for scenes of dense overcast cove rage, which was a limitation for previous systems. We present a new shading model that uses artist-driven contr ols rather than a programmatic approach to approximate lighting. This is sui table when fine-grained control over the look-and-feel is necessary, and artistic r esources are available. We also introduce a way to simulate cloud formation and dissipa tion using texture

FaceTube: predicting personality from facial expressions of emotion in online conversational video <=SEP=> The advances in automatic facial expression recognition make possible to mine and characterize large amounts of data, opening a wide research domain on behavioral understanding. In this paper, we leverage the use of a state-of-the-art facial expression recognition technology to characterize users of a popular type of online social video, conversational vlogs. First, we propose the use of several activity cues to characterize vloggers based on frame-by-frame estimates of facial expressions of emotion. Then, we present results for the task of automatically predicting vloggers' personality impressions using facial expressions and the Big-Five traits. Our results are promising, specially for the case of the Extraversion impression, and in addition our work poses interesting questions regarding the representation of multiple natural facial expressions occurring in conversational video.

Socio-emotional development: from infancy to young adulthood. <=SEP=> Results from the Uppsala Longitudinal Study (ULS), which started in 1985, are reported in two sections. The first section gives a summary of longitudinal data from infancy to middle childhood (age 9 years; n = 96) concerning predictions of social functioning aspects from the theoretical perspectives of temperament, attachment, and health psychology (social factors). The second section presents the first results emanating from a follow-up when participants were 21 years old (n = 85). The developmental roots of social anxiety symptoms were studied from the same perspectives as above, although with a special focus on the predictive power of the temperament trait of shyness/inhibition. Results for middle childhood outcomes showed that temperament characteristics were relevant for most outcomes, whereas the contribution of attachment was most convincingly shown in relation to social competence and personality. Social factors were found to have moderating functions, but direct effects were also shown, the most interesting perhaps being positive effects of non-parental day care. Results from the 21-year data confirmed the expected predictive relation from shyness/inhibition to symptoms of social anxiety and further showed this relation to be specific; the relation to symptoms of depression did not survive control for social anxiety, although the opposite was true. The broad analysis of predictor associations with social anxiety, showing the relevance of other temperament factors as well as interactive effects, again attested to the need for multi-faceted models to analyze developmental trajectories.

Minutiae Extraction From Level 1 Features of Fingerprint <=SEP=> Fingerprint features can be divided into three major categories based on the granularity at which they are extracted: level 1, level 2, and level 3 features. Orientation field, ridge frequency field, and minutiae set are three fundamental components of fingerprint, where the orientation field and ridge frequency field are regarded as level 1 features and minutiae set as level 2 features. It is generally believed that level 1 features, especially orientation field, can be reconstructed from level 2 features, i.e., minutiae. However, it is still a question that if minutiae can be extracted from level 1 features. In this paper, we analyze the relations between level 1 and level 2 features using the frequency modulation (FM) model and propose an approach to extract minutiae from level 1 features (i.e., orientation field and frequency field). The proposed algorithm is evaluated on NIST SD27 and FVC2002 DB1 databases. The true detection rate (TDR) and false detection rate (FDR) of minutiae detection on NIST SD27 and FVC2002 DB1 are about 45% and 30% compared with manually marked minutiae, respectively, with level 1 features extracted at a block size of 16 pixels. When pixelwise orientation and frequency fields are available, TDR and FDR can reach 70% and 25%, respectively. With a smaller block size, the minutiae recovering accuracy can be even higher. Our quantitative and experimental results show the deep relationship between level 1 and level 2 features of a fingerprint.

Single image tree modeling <=SEP=> In this paper, we introduce a simple sketching method to generate a realistic 3D tree model from a single image. The user draws at least two strokes in the tree image: the first crown stroke around the tree crown to mark up the leaf region, the second branch stroke from the tree root to mark up the main trunk, and possibly few other branch strokes for refinement. The method automatically generates a 3D tree model including branches and leaves. Branches are synthesized by a growth engine from a small library of elementary subtrees that are pre-defined or built on the fly from the recovered visible branches. The visible branches are automatically traced from the drawn branch strokes according to image statistics on the strokes. Leaves are generated from the region bounded by the first crown stroke to complete the tree. We demonstrate our method on a variety of examples.

Effects of manual lymphatic drainage on breast cancer-related lymphedema: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials <=SEP=> BACKGROUND
Lymphedema is a common complication of axillary dissection for breast cancer. We investigated whether manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) could prevent or manage limb edema in women after breast-cancer surgery.


METHODS
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effectiveness of MLD in the prevention and treatment of breast-cancer-related lymphedema. The PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials electronic databases were searched for articles on MLD published before December 2012, with no language restrictions. The primary outcome for prevention was the incidence of postoperative lymphedema. The outcome for management of lymphedema was a reduction in edema volume.


RESULTS
In total, 10 RCTs with 566 patients were identified. Two studies evaluating the preventive outcome of MLD found no significant difference in the incidence of lymphedema between the MLD and standard treatment groups, with a risk ratio of 0.63 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.14 to 2.82. Seven studies assessed the reduction in arm volume, and found no significant difference between the MLD and standard treatment groups, with a weighted mean difference of 75.12 (95% CI, -9.34 to 159.58).


CONCLUSIONS
The current evidence from RCTs does not support the use of MLD in preventing or treating lymphedema. However, clinical and statistical inconsistencies between the various studies confounded our evaluation of the effect of MLD on breast-cancer-related lymphedema.

CREDAL: Towards Locating a Memory Corruption Vulnerability with Your Core Dump <=SEP=> After a program has crashed and terminated abnormally, it typically leaves behind a snapshot of its crashing state in the form of a core dump. While a core dump carries a large amount of information, which has long been used for software debugging, it barely serves as informative debugging aids in locating software faults, particularly memory corruption vulnerabilities. A memory corruption vulnerability is a special type of software faults that an attacker can exploit to manipulate the content at a certain memory. As such, a core dump may contain a certain amount of corrupted data, which increases the difficulty in identifying useful debugging information (e.g. , a crash point and stack traces). Without a proper mechanism to deal with this problem, a core dump can be practically useless for software failure diagnosis. In this work, we develop CREDAL, an automatic tool that employs the source code of a crashing program to enhance core dump analysis and turns a core dump to an informative aid in tracking down memory corruption vulnerabilities. Specifically, CREDAL systematically analyzes a core dump potentially corrupted and identifies the crash point and stack frames. For a core dump carrying corrupted data, it goes beyond the crash point and stack trace. In particular, CREDAL further pinpoints the variables holding corrupted data using the source code of the crashing program along with the stack frames. To assist software developers (or security analysts) in tracking down a memory corruption vulnerability, CREDAL also performs analysis and highlights the code fragments corresponding to data corruption.
 To demonstrate the utility of CREDAL, we use it to analyze 80 crashes corresponding to 73 memory corruption vulnerabilities archived in Offensive Security Exploit Database. We show that, CREDAL can accurately pinpoint the crash point and (fully or partially) restore a stack trace even though a crashing program stack carries corrupted data. In addition, we demonstrate CREDAL can potentially reduce the manual effort of finding the code fragment that is likely to contain memory corruption vulnerabilities.

Multiple PRP injections are more effective than single injections and hyaluronic acid in knees with early osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial <=SEP=> To compare the effectiveness of intraarticular (IA) multiple and single platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections as well as hyaluronic acid (HA) injections in different stages of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. A total of 162 patients with different stages of knee OA were randomly divided into four groups receiving 3 IA doses of PRP, one dose of PRP, one dose of HA or a saline injection (control). Then, each group was subdivided into two groups: early OA (Kellgren–Lawrence grade 0 with cartilage degeneration or grade I–III) and advanced OA (Kellgren–Lawrence grade IV). The patients were evaluated before the injection and at the 6-month follow-ups using the EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective scores. Adverse events and patient satisfaction were recorded. There was a statistically significant improvement in the IKDC and EQ-VAS scores in all the treatment groups compared with the control group. The knee scores of patients treated with three PRP injections were significantly better than those patients of the other groups. There was no significant difference in the scores of patients injected with one dose of PRP or HA. In the early OA subgroups, significantly better clinical results were achieved in the patients treated with three PRP injections, but there was no significant difference in the clinical results of patients with advanced OA among the treatment groups. The clinical results of this study suggest IA PRP and HA treatment for all stages of knee OA. For patients with early OA, multiple (3) PRP injections are useful in achieving better clinical results. For patients with advanced OA, multiple injections do not significantly improve the results of patients in any group. I.

OpenFst: A General and Efficient Weighted Finite-State Transducer Library <=SEP=> We describe OpenFst, an open-source library for weighted finite-state transducers (WFSTs). OpenFst consists of a C++ template library with efficient WFST representations and over twenty-five operations for constructing, combining, optimizing, and searching them. At the shell-command level, there are corresponding transducer file representations and programs that operate on them. OpenFst is designed to be both very efficient in time and space and to scale to very large problems. This library has key applications speech, image, and natural language processing, pattern and string matching, and machine learning. We give an overview of the library, examples of its use, details of its design that allow customizing the labels, states, and weights and the lazy evaluation of many of its operations. Further information and a download of the OpenFst library can be obtained from http://www.openfst.org.

Dynamical Approximation by Hierarchical Tucker and Tensor-Train Tensors <=SEP=> We extend results on the dynamical low-rank approximation for the treatment of time-dependent matrices and tensors (Koch and Lubich; see [SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl., 29 (2007), pp. 434–454], [SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl., 31 (2010), pp. 2360–2375]) to the recently proposed hierarchical Tucker (HT) tensor format (Hackbusch and Kühn; see [J. Fourier Anal. Appl., 15 (2009), pp. 706–722]) and the tensor train (TT) format (Oseledets; see [SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 33 (2011), pp. 2295–2317]), which are closely related to tensor decomposition methods used in quantum physics and chemistry. In this dynamical approximation approach, the time derivative of the tensor to be approximated is projected onto the time-dependent tangent space of the approximation manifold along the solution trajectory. This approach can be used to approximate the solutions to tensor differential equations in the HT or TT format and to compute updates in optimization algorithms within these reduced tensor formats. By deriving and analyzing the tangent space projector for the manifold of HT/TT tensors of fixed rank, we obtain curvature estimates, which allow us to obtain quasi-best approximation properties for the dynamical approximation, showing that the prospects and limitations of the ansatz are similar to those of the dynamical low rank approximation for matrices. Our results are exemplified by numerical experiments.

Statistics and Social Network of YouTube Videos <=SEP=> YouTube has become the most successful Internet website providing a new generation of short video sharing service since its establishment in early 2005. YouTube has a great impact on Internet traffic nowadays, yet itself is suffering from a severe problem of scalability. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of YouTube and similar sites is essential to network traffic engineering and to their sustainable development. To this end, we have crawled the YouTube site for four months, collecting more than 3 million YouTube videos' data. In this paper, we present a systematic and in-depth measurement study on the statistics of YouTube videos. We have found that YouTube videos have noticeably different statistics compared to traditional streaming videos, ranging from length and access pattern, to their growth trend and active life span. We investigate the social networking in YouTube videos, as this is a key driving force toward its success. In particular, we find that the links to related videos generated by uploaders' choices have clear small-world characteristics. This indicates that the videos have strong correlations with each other, and creates opportunities for developing novel techniques to enhance the service quality.

No-reference image and video quality assessment: a classification and review of recent approaches <=SEP=> The field of perceptual quality assessment has gone through a wide range of developments and it is still growing. In particular, the area of no-reference (NR) image and video quality assessment has progressed rapidly during the last decade. In this article, we present a classification and review of latest published research work in the area of NR image and video quality assessment. The NR methods of visual quality assessment considered for review are structured into categories and subcategories based on the types of methodologies used for the underlying processing employed for quality estimation. Overall, the classification has been done into three categories, namely, pixel-based methods, bitstream-based methods, and hybrid methods of the aforementioned two categories. We believe that the review presented in this article will be helpful for practitioners as well as for researchers to keep abreast of the recent developments in the area of NR image and video quality assessment. This article can be used for various purposes such as gaining a structured overview of the field and to carry out performance comparisons for the state-of-the-art

Improving Machine Learning Approaches to Coreference Resolution <=SEP=> Wepresentanounphrasecoreferencesystem that extends the work of Soon et al. (2001) and, to our knowledge, producesthebestresultsto dateontheMUC6 andMUC-7 coreferenceresolutiondata sets— F-measuresof 70.4 and63.4, respecti vely. Improvementsarisefrom two sources: extra-linguistic changesto the learningframework anda large-scaleexpansionof thefeaturesetto includemore sophisticatedlinguisticknowledge.

X-band 200W AlGaN/GaN HEMT for high power application <=SEP=> A 200 Watts GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) has been developed for X-band applications. The device consists of four dies of 0.35 um-gate GaN HEMT of 16 mm gate periphery together with input and output 2-stage impedance transformers assembled into a low thermal resistance package. The developed GaN HEMT provides 204W output power and 12dB small signal gain at 9.3 GHz with power added efficiency of 32% under pulse condition at a duty of 10% with a pulse width of 100 usec.

Genital trauma and vaginal bleeding: is it a lapse of time issue? A case report of a prepubertal girl and review of the literature <=SEP=> Child victims of sexual abuse may present with physical findings whose interpretation requires the most exhaustive evaluation and an accurate collection of a detailed history. Genital bleeding is usually considered as an acute sign, related to a trauma that occurred shortly before its appearance. We report a case of a 34-month-old child who was referred to the emergency room with a significant vaginal hemorrhage, originating from a wide laceration of the posterior fourchette, and a negative history for accidental trauma. The characteristics of the lesion, compared to the temporal evolution of the healing process, and the witnesses’ depositions led us to assume that the time elapsed between the abusive event and the physical examination was longer in respect to what had appeared at the first sight. The judicial reconstruction of the events confirmed our assumption, allowing the charge of the right abuse perpetrator. As the literature regarding this eventuality is very poor, we report this case to stress the importance for physicians to consider that an active bleeding may be the manifestation of a trauma that occurred very long before.

Novel Compact Tri-Band Bandpass Filter With Controllable Bandwidths <=SEP=> Novel compact tri-band bandpass filter (BPF) with controllable bandwidths is presented in this letter. The tri-band performance is realized by using three sets of resonators, i.e., two sets of short-stub loaded dual-mode resonators, which are designed for the first and second passband, respectively, and half-wavelength resonators for the third passband. The three passband frequencies and bandwidths could be independently tuned and designed. The half-wavelength resonators are embedded between the two dual-mode resonators and serve as part of feed lines for the first and second passband, thus compact size is realized. The newly designed tri-band BPF is verified by circuit implementation and good agreement between the simulated and measured results can be observed.

Snap, Eat, RepEat: A Food Recognition Engine for Dietary Logging <=SEP=> We present a system to assist users in dietary logging habits, which performs food recognition from pictures snapped on their phone in two different scenarios. In the first scenario, called "Food in context", we exploit the GPS information of a user to determine which restaurant they are having a meal at, therefore restricting the categories to recognize to the set of items in the menu. Such context allows us to also report precise calories information to the user about their meal, since restaurant chains tend to standardize portions and provide the dietary information of each meal. In the second scenario, called "Foods in the wild" we try to recognize a cooked meal from a picture which could be snapped anywhere. We perform extensive experiments on food recognition on both scenarios, demonstrating the feasibility of our approach at scale, on a newly introduced dataset with 105K images for 500 food categories.

A Tandem Algorithm for Singing Pitch Extraction and Voice Separation From Music Accompaniment <=SEP=> Singing pitch estimation and singing voice separation are challenging due to the presence of music accompaniments that are often nonstationary and harmonic. Inspired by computational auditory scene analysis (CASA), this paper investigates a tandem algorithm that estimates the singing pitch and separates the singing voice jointly and iteratively. Rough pitches are first estimated and then used to separate the target singer by considering harmonicity and temporal continuity. The separated singing voice and estimated pitches are used to improve each other iteratively. To enhance the performance of the tandem algorithm for dealing with musical recordings, we propose a trend estimation algorithm to detect the pitch ranges of a singing voice in each time frame. The detected trend substantially reduces the difficulty of singing pitch detection by removing a large number of wrong pitch candidates either produced by musical instruments or the overtones of the singing voice. Systematic evaluation shows that the tandem algorithm outperforms previous systems for pitch extraction and singing voice separation.

A spaceborne telemetry loaded bifilar helical antenna for LEO satellites <=SEP=> In this paper we describe the design, manufacturing and measurement of an antenna with an isoflux type radiation pattern used in the space segment TT&C subsystem. In particular, the antenna corresponds to the flight model of mission SAC-D/AQUARIUS, which is a LEO earth observation satellite. The chosen solution is a loaded bifilar helical antenna, which presents a higher gain than a typical hemispherical antenna but which doesn't require the use of a beam forming network like the classical quadrifilar Kilgus type antenna. This reduces the number of required parts, and due to its loading, smaller dimension and higher structural stiffness are achieved.